moist and clammy Medicaments administred for by reason of such humid things applied the blood fallen forth out of the Veins is easily putrefied whereupon divers il and dangerous Symptoms are afterward wont to arise But in very truth when from a fal from some high place beating and bruising and the like Causes the blood is not only gotten together under the Skin and the external parts but oftentimes also is poured forth into the more inward parts after the same manner as it is in the Circumference of the Body when the Vessels are opened or broken which said blood is there clotted and corrupted and is wont to cause Inflammations and the worst sort of Feavers dangerous Symptoms and very frequently death it self we must therefore use the best of our endeavor that the clotting and growing together of the aforesaid blood may be hindered that it may be dissolved and that it may be evacuated by stool urine or sweats and that with al due and possible speed For when once the blood hath gotten a putridness the Malady is not so easily cured nor indeed at al without the most exquisite and singular extraordinary Remedies Wherefore so soon as there is any the least suspition that the blood is fallen forth without the Veins into the more inward parts and that it cannot be dissipated by external Remedies we must then use these things following to wit Rheubarb Rhapontick Terra sigillat Sperma Ceti in the Shops termed Patmasitty the Eyes of Crabs Mummy red Corals Harts-born Madder such as the Dyers use in coloring with the Waters of Cherefoyl Carduus Marjoram St. Johns wort Fumitory Alkekengy Card. benedict Scabious the Syrup of Sorrel Syrup de Acetositat Citri Vinegar and the like which what they are will appear further from the following Receipts and Prescripts Take Rheubarb Terra sigilat Bole armenick Mummy of each one dram make of these a Pouder of which give one dram at once with the Water of Cherefoyl or Shepherds-Pouch Or Take Terra sigillat Crabs Eyes of each one scruple Sperma Ceti Goats blood prepared Angelica and Gentian Roots choyce Rheubarb of each half a scruple seeds of Carduus Bened. seven grains Cloves three grains Make of these a Ponder for two Doles to be taken at twice and drunk with the following Waters Take the Water of the Infusion of Lavender one ounce the Waters of Cherefoyl St. Johns wort Strawberries of each one ounce and half Wine Vinegar half an ounce for twice Or Take Terra sigillat Madder Mummy great Comfrey Rheubarb of each a scruple mingle them and make a Pouder Or Take Rheubarb the Root of Madder Mummy Crabs Eyes the seed of Carduus Mariae or Mary Thistle the Root of round Aristolochia or Birthwort of each one dram mingle and make a Pouder give hereof a dram at once with the Syrup of Sorrel Some there be likewise that commend the Water of Nuts They commonly administer one dram of Sperma Ceti dissolved in Vinegar or some fit and convenient Water There are likewise some that make use of Unguents and that with good success also which are likewise taken into the Body and are therefore stiled Potable as for instance the Potable red Unguent of the Ausburg Practitioners Or Take Green Sanicle four ounces the Leaves of Betony Fennel seed Juniper Berries unripe of each three ounces the Root of Elecampane of the greater Comsrey Rue Ground Ivy Rosemary Rhapontick root of each two ounces all these being shred very smal let them be stirred about and incorporated with three pound of fresh Butter Set them then in the Sun for eight daies afterward put thereinto one Cyath or little Cup ful about two ounces of Sanide Water then boyl it til the water and juyces be quite consumed and then let the Butter thus incorporated and moistened with the Juyces be pressed forth and kept for use The Dose is half an ounce twice a day to be taken with warm Beer the place affected may likewise be outwardly anointed with the same yet not at the first beginning and appearance of the distemper but some while after Or Take these Herbs Wormwood Southernwood of each two handfuls the Herb Ladies Mantle Motherwort or Mugwort the lesser Comfrey the lesser Sage Germander the lesser Centaury Crosswort Fennel Strawberries Fenugreek Ground Ivy or Aleboof Hyssop Lavender Milfoyl Marjoram Balm Bugle Penyroyal Pyrole or Winter green Pimpernel Rosemary Sage Sanicle Savory Spicknard Betony Vervain of each one handful the roots of Marsh-mallows Clove-gilliflowers the greater Consound Angelica Pimpernel and Tormentil of each of these one ounce These Herbs and Roots gathered green in the month of May or June boyl in six pound of May Butter adding thereto as much Wine as you judg sufficient let them boyl together until they be boyled enough stil taking heed that they burn not to and in the end adding of the Oyl of Bayes fresh and new four ounces Sperma Ceti half a pound Make herewith an Unguent of a green color the Dose is one ounce in Vinegar or Beer and this may likewise be outwardly applied unto Wounds Or Take the Roots of Tormentil Dittany Sanicle the greater Consound Consound Sarracen of each two ounces Castoreum one ounce that sort of it that is offensive by reason of its unpleasing tast may be omitted Madder three ounces May Butter three pound red Wine as much as will suffice mingle and boyl them till the Wine be consumed herewith make an Vnguent adding thereto of Sperma Ceti one ounce As for the Topicks at the first beginning some Astringents are to be mingled with the discussive Medicaments For when the Tunicles of the Veins out of which the blood is poured forth are somwhat bruised they ought then to be a little strained together bound fast and condensed lest that the new matter drawn thither by pain be poured forth since that if in the beginning only Digestives be administred they wil not only discuss the blood poured forth of the Veins but attract and draw unto the part that blood that is in the bruised smal Veins Afterward that the little contused or bruised Veins may return unto their Natural state Digestives alone are to be made use of For this end and purpose some there be now this indeed is the best kind of Remedy especially for those that are beaten that wrap about the sick person the Skin of a Ram new flaid off and whilst it is yet hot besprinkled with Salt Myrtle Berries and the Pouder of Water-Cresses or if such a skin may not conveniently be gotten they anoint the Patient with the Oyl of Roses of Myrtles and of Earthworms with which they mingle the Pouder of red Roses or Myrtle Berries and the day following such a like Liniment may be administred Take Vnguent Dialthaea three ounces Oyl of Earthworms Camomil and Dill of each one ounce Turpentine two ounces the meal of Fenugreek the pouder of red Roses and Myrtles of each half an ounce Saffron one scruple make
the straining when it is pressed forth add of the Syrup of Fumitory and Borrage of each half an ounce and mingle them well together Or Take the root of Succory Monks Rheubarb Elecampane of each half an ounce Sorrel Fumitory Scabious Bugloss Maiden-hair of each one handful Flowers of Borrage and Bugloss of each half a handful Liquorish thin sliced and Raisins cleansed of each six drams boyl them in a sufficient quantity of spring Water then take of the straining one quart and infuse therein the Leaves of Sene Polypody of the Oak of each one ounce the rind of black Hellebor half an ounce Fenel seed and Anise seed of each two drams Citron one dram Mother of Thyme commonly known by the name of Epithymum five drams Cinnamom one dram afterward let them boyl gently then strain them and sweeten all with Sugar and of this let the Patient take every or every other day two or three ounces with the Broth of a Chicken Or else there are other preparations and Purgations to be appointed Of the Whey of Milk Fumitory Harts tongue Maiden-hair Borrage Bugloss Violets Succory Endive Sorrel Scabious Thyme Scordium or Water Germander Liquorice sharp Dock called by some sowr Sorrel c. Of Epithymum otherwise called wild Tyme or Mother of Tyme Polypody the Leaves of Sene black Hellebor c. Now the Purgers and Preparers are often to be repeated for so great and contumacious a Malady as this cannot be taken away by a Digestive or two neither without frequent Purgations But there are likewise in the mean time Cordiall Medicaments to be made use of and such as extinguish and abolish malignity As Take Conserve of Bugloss Borrage Violets Water Lillies Roses of each two drams Leaves of Gold three or four or more if there be occasion Harts-horn prepared the best Treacle four scruples Syrup of Apples or Borrage as much as is sufficient make an Electuary Or Take Conserve of the Flowers of Borrage Bugloss and Roses of each one dram and half the Species Diarrhodon Abbatis and the best Venice Treacle of each two drams and with the Syrup of Apples make an Electuary of which let the Patient take every day in the morning the quantity of a Walnut and twice or thrice besides every week So soon as the Patient hath taken his Electuary let him presently be put into a Cestern filled with sweet Water and let him fit herein for the space of one hour But let the Bath be so temperate that there be no sweat caused either in the Bath or after his going out of it For if any Sweat be excited it is a sign that the Bath is hotter then it ought to be There are many Physitians that forthwith send away the Patients unto the Natural and Mineral Waters But in regard that they dry exceedingly there oftentimes ariseth thence more hurt then good especially in the beginning of the Disease while the heat and driness are at the highest And there a Bath of sweet Water is far more commodious and safe which tempereth the driness discusseth the excrements and loosneth the Skin After Bathing the body may be anointed over with this Medicament following or such like Take the Juyce of Nighshade and of Scabious of each one ounce the Root of the sharp Dock six drams Vinegar of Roses one ounce Elecampane root and Pimpernel of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses four ounces the Rinds of black Hellebor tied up in a piece of skin three drams boyl them them until the Juyces be boyled away and after this cast away the black Hellebor and then Take fresh Butter one ounce and half Vipers fat or if that cannot be had the best Treacle one ounce burnt Lead half an ounce Litharge and Ceruss of each two drams Frankincense a dram and half Styrax Calamite and Nitre of each two scruples Mingle and stir them wel about together with the Juyce of Lemmons in a Leaden Mortar with a Leaden Pestle untill it hath gotten the form of a Liniment After bathing let him likewise use this Remedy which some hold for a great secret They burn in a new Pot the Head of a Kite which after it is pulled and made bare of its Feathers they cut off as also the Feet and the Bowels being taken out and of the Powder hereof they administer what they think requisite in a fit and convenient Liquor and they prescribe likewise the eating of the rest of the Flesh at thrice that is to say a third part each day for three daies together Solenander writeth that he himself made use of this following Remedy and that with very good success He taketh two or three Vipers or if they cannot readily be gotten other Snakes and dissecteth them alive and then together with good store of Barley he puts them into Water and boyleth them until the Barley become soft With this Barley as also with the very Flesh it self of these Snakes he feeds many Pullets or Chickens and gives them no other food with the which after they have been for some few daies nourished they lose their Feathers and within a short time they again get new ones and afterward with this Flesh and Broths made of them he nourisheth the sick Person by little and little And indeed this Remedy out of Vipers we find to be much used by the Ancients For the body being first purged in the spring time especially they took Vipers and cutting off the Head and Tail casting away the Skin they gave the Flesh of these Vipers to be eaten by their Patients thus affected But Julius Palmarius assureth us that Fernelius although he made it a good part of his Study yet he could not once in all his life time effect what he so much wished and so diligently studied for to wit the recovery and restoring of any by the use of Vipers And by his advice likewise Palmarius himself administred these Vipers and not only the flesh of them prepared divers waies thus and thus but the very Treacle it self also that is made of them and yet notwithstanding without any the least success For although at the first in the beginning of this Disease this kind of Remedy may seem to benefit much yet notwithstanding at the length by it the Elephantiack poyson and virulency is thrust forth into the Skin and all the symptoms so exasperated as he writeth that in the end the putridness being augmented they are as it were torn in sunder Limb after Limb. But however in regard that the Ancients have so much commended the use of Vipers and some likewise of our latter Physitians have extolled the use of them we therefore in this particular advise you to consult experience The Ancients likewise for a Remedy used Castration or Gelding and they tell us in their writings that many have been recovered by this means Which as Valescus de Taranta conjectureth therefore cometh to pass because that the Leprosie proceeding from an overdriness the body by the taking away
in the end of the boyling add of the best White Wine three pints and then making a strong expression of the liquor and strayning it make thereof with hony or sugar a sweet and pleasant drink for the Patient But if the Wounded person should have a fever hanging upon him you must then leave out the Wine in the aforesaid decoction The following Potion likewise of the Nobles of Berine is very much commended by which al one as it is commonly reported the most grievous wounds are oftentimes cured of which mention is likewise made by Guilhelm Fabricius in his 4 Century Observat 84. Take Wintergreen Golden rod Mugwort Sanicle Red Beets of each as much as you think good the Plants are to be gathered in the Month of August then dryed in the shade and afterwards beaten into a pouder take equal parts of the powder and mingle them then Take Of this pouder one spoonful let it boyl in one measure of White Wine give the wounded person a draught of this blood-warm thrice a day and so continue it until the consolidation of the Wound Give the Patient if he be weak two spoonfuls hereof Aanother Potion Take Clary Wintergreen Periwinkle Sacracennical Consound Ladies bedstraw Sanicle Speedwel Ladies Mantle tree Ivy Mugwort of each three handfuls Album Graecum or if you will white Dogs-tird pickt up in the month of March two ounces and half old beer a little tart and sourish the proportion of one little earthen Cup let them stand digesting for fourteen daies and afterwards let them be destilled and reserve it for use in glasses wel and close stopped of this you are to give three spoonfuls at a time thrice every day And for this use and purpose there are likewise powders to be provided Pouders Take Nutmegs one ounce Crabs Eyes one ounce and half make a pouder and give half a dram or a dram at one time with wine or Take Red Corral three drams Margarites Spodiums of each six drams Crabs eyes two ounces Mingle and make a powder Give unto the wounded person of this powder one dram at time in Wine or Water And such like Electuaries may be provided likewise As Electuaries Take Conserve of Red Roses and Betony of each two ounces Tormentil and Consound of each one ounce Mace two drams Red corral one dram Crabs Eyes prepared half a dram and with the syrup of sorrel make an Electuary or Take Juice of Plantane Horstayl Sanicle Mouseare Speedwel of each two ounces the greater Consound roots rosted under the embers and passed thorow a hayr sieve one ounce white Sugar one pound boyl them to the Consistence of an Electuary and in the end ad Conserve of Roses one ounce Tormentil half an ounce and mingle them And yet nevertheless we are not so to trust and conside in those potions as to neglect al other Topical Medicaments For if we should thus do the Wounded person may possibly fall into some great danger and hazard of which we have a very remarkable history in Guilhelmus Fabricius his 4 Cent. Observ 83. Chap. 12. Of the Dyet of Wounded persons The Diet of wounded persons And thus much may suffice to have been spoken touching the Chirurgical part and the Medicaments Necessary in general for the curing of Wounds It remaineth now that we speak some what of the Dyet that is to be observed by wounded persons Let the Air be temperate or a little inclined to Warmth touching which Celsus in his fifth Book Chapt. 26. thus the Place saith he in which the wounded person shal lie it ought ta be somewhat warm But a cold Air is greatly hurtful and an enemy unto all Wounds And although that a hot Air be convenient enough for the wound yet in regard that it heateth the body moveth much the humors and rendereth them fit and apt for motion and so may easily give an occasion for fluxions which are otherwise too apt to happen in Wounds therefore it is not fit and allowable for wounded persons touching which Celsus thus in his fifth Book and Chapt. 26. The most opportune time saith he for the cure is the spring or at least that time that is neither fervently bâ—t neither yet over cold For the truth is that both overmuch beat and too much cold they do both of them infest and offend Wounds But now if such an Air may not be had that is naturally such it is to be made such by the help of art Let the Air be likewise pure and that which is stinking or any ways impure is carefully to be avoyded The food of the Patient And as for the meat and drink of the Patient since that from the blood both the flesh and whatsoever else is Necessary for the agglutination of the wound is generated they ought to be such from which good and pure blood may be bred and such as may not afford the least occasion and matter for many excrements and dangerous Symptoms But meats of an ill Juice must heedfully be eschewed such as Garlick Onyons Swines flesh Pease and the Patient myst altogether abstain from meats that are hot sharp tart and biting and of an ill Juice and he may only feed upon those meats that yield a good Juice and are of easy concoction And let the food he takes be such for the quantity thereof that it may be concucted by Nature and such as may supply a moderate quantity of blood For if too great abundance of blood be generated it supplyeth matter fit for fluxion inflammation and other symptoms And indeed his food that he taketh ought to be in such a quantity that there may flow unto the wounded part so much blood as was wont to flow thither while the part was sound and without any distemper seeing that the wounded part if it be rendered weak and infirm is not able to concoct and assimilate so great a quantity of blood as it did before whereupon there wil be generated either an inflammation or great store of excrements and so the wound wil be made over moyst Let his meats likewise in the general be so ordered that they may restrain the flux of humors rather then excite it they ought to be altogether such that if there be any thing amiss in the blood and humors it may rather correct then further augment the same And if any evil accident shal befal the Wound all indeavour ought to be used that so the food may oppose and with stand the same And yet nevertheless it is not one and the same kind of dyet that is fit and proper in all wounds For if the wound be in a fleshy part and that there be no danger of an Inflammation then a more plentiful dyet may be allowed but if the wound be in the Nervous parts and that there be danger at hand of an inflammation then a more spare diet is to be prescribed that so there may flow unto the wounded part the less store
a Liniment or an Vnguent with a sufficient quantity of Wax If there be any particular Contusion such a like Liniment may at the first be administred Take Oyl of Roses of Myrtles of Camomil of each one ounce the white of one Egg the pouder of Myrtles and Roses of each two drams mingle c. After this on the third day let the part affected be fomented with the Decoction of Camomile Wormwood and Cummin The next following Liniment may likewise be administred But now in the curing of the Suggillation the most efficacious Remedy is the Root of the Herb Sigillum Solomonis or Solomons Seal which either new gathered or else in the Winter season macerated in Wine and bruised and then applied in the form of a Cataplasm oftentimes in one only night wholly taketh away the Suggillation so that the Native heat returneth unto the part affected Or Take the Roots of both the Consounds of each three ounces Camomil and Melilot flowers of each two smal handfuls the meal of Barley Fenugreek and Beans of each one ounce the pouder of Wormwood half an ounce Cummin seed one dram Saffron half a scruple Mingle them and make a Decoction for a Cataplasm There is likewise commended a musty or mouldy Nut bruised Reddish Seed with dried Figgs Mustard Seed with Vinegar Rue with Honey Or Take the Root of Wake-Robin or Cuckowpint while it is green an ounce and half Solomons Seal four ounces these Roots being shred smal pour upon them the water of Elder flowers white Lillies and Bean flowers of each four ounces Wine Vinegar two ounces Alom six drams one Gall of a Bull let them stand and digest for the space of eight daies and every day during that time let them be well shaken together In this Water let Linen Cloaths be well soaked and so applied unto the part affected Or Take Pigeons Blood Cummin Camomile of each one dram the meal of Fenugreek half a dram Celtick Spikenard one scruple Malmsey as much as is sufficient make a Liniment In special in a Swelling especially if there be a Leaden and wan colour after Venesection there may be fitly applied the Oyl of Rue and the Leaves of common Rue boyled in common Oyl imposed upon the place affected But if the Malady be not remedied by these medicaments neither the blood that is shed forth without the Vessels may by them be dispersed then if the place wil bear it Cupping-glasses are to be administred which are the most effectual Remedy for the extracting of whatsoever is conteined in a deep place and moreover if need require Scarifications are also to be made use of that some of the Blood may manifestly be evacuated and emptied forth But now if by all these there cannot be made that Resolution of the Blood that ought to be and withal if there be present any tokens and signs of a suppuration as for example if the place swel up a little and appear soft to the touch if there be a certain bearing pain and a redness begin to appear round about then the suppuration in the common and received Opinion and Judgment of Chirurgeons is to be holpen on and by all means to be furthered The Suppuration being thus finished and wrought the Ulcer is then to be purged and cleansed filled up with Flesh and at length closed up with a Cicatrice Yet notwithstanding in the use of these suppuratives great caution is to be had and of these only such as are gentle mild and moderate are to be administred For if there be any error committed in the use of these and that we be not extraordinary carefull in this point there may easily be excited in the part a sordid and filthy Ulcer and a putridness withal When therfore some of the latter Chirurgeons those of our time wel consider the Premises and what we have said they advise that when we perceive that the Contusion is converted and turn'd into an Impostume a perfect suppuration is not then to be expected For if the Pus or purulent matter that is generated from the congealed and clotted blood be any long time detained and kept in the place affected it may then excite and cause many evils as Feavers pains and an extraordinary putridness and may likewise corrupt the neer neighboring parts the Nerves and the Bones whereupon afterward Ulcers of dangerous consequence and Fistulaes also even from hence oftentimes take their Original Neither likewise do these admit of any Emollient and suppurating Emplasters and Cataplasms in regard that by these a putridness and those other evils and mischiefs that are wont from thence to arise may easily be excited in the part But they counsel and advise us rather that such a place wherein there is contained any clotted blood which now exciteth the Apostem be forthwith opened with a Pen-knife and that in the Wound made by Incision there be conveyed in a Tent anointed with Unguent Aegyptiack and that the whol place be wel senced and covered with some fit and convenient Emplaster that may preserve the Native heat thereof and defend it from putridness And this they conceive is more especially to be observed if the contusion be made in the Sides the Belly or the Back For then there is diligent heed to be taken whether or no on the third fourth or fifth day in that place wherein the Contusion or bruising happened there arise any Swelling with a pain and thenceforth from day to day encrease and whether or no there be a beating pain excited and that the sick Person cannot wel endure that the said place be touched and whether there be another kind of redness appearing in the Circumference and whether the breathing be difficult and some kind of preternatural heat discovering it self in the Body For wherever these things appear albeit there be appearing no wanness or Leaden colour in the external parts it is a sign and token that the Pus or corrupt filth is gotten together and that the Impostume is excited Whereupon lest that the Pus convert it self unto the more inward parts and there raise as it were Conny-burrows for so they term them and gnawing assunder eat through the more inward parts and so by this means hasten upon the sick Party a sudden Death or long continuing Diseases the the place is speedily to be opened for the place being thus opened the Pus very easily issueth forth Let the Wound be afterward handled and ordered as we said before and herein we must not neglect or omit Venesection and Vulnerary Potions but they conceive that there is scarcely any or at least very little benefit arising and accrewing to the Patient from Emollients and Suppuratives But if the Contusion be great or that any error hath been committed in the Cure or that the place begin to look black ahd blewish and to be mortified by reason of the suffocation of the Native heat so that a Gangrene and Mortification be feared as like to ensue then
one ounce and half boyl them in a sufficient quantity of common water or else Whey and for two pound of the streining clarified add of the Syrup of Endive and Cichory with Rheubarb of each half an ounce of Elder Vinegar two ounces Mingle them wel together and let the Patient take hereof four or five ounces Or Take Cichory roots six drams Lichorish three drams Fumitory two handfuls Endive one handful Flowers of Borrage Violets Bugloss of each half a handful the seed of Melons and Endive of each one dram the Leaves of Sene one ounce the Rinds of Mirâ—bolans Citrin and Ind. of each half an ounce Polypody of the Oak five drams the whitest Agarick four drams choice Rheubarb two drams Spike one scruple Cinnamom and Ginger of each half a dram let them boyl in a sufficient quantity of Scabious and Fumitory water for two lib. let them stand for one night and afterward strain and clarifie them and let them be aromatized and spiced with Lign Aloes and red Saunders of each one scruple The Dose is four or five ounces Or Take the Decoction of Sene nine ounces Syrup of Fumitory Epithymum and of Cichory with Rheubarb of each two ounces Mingle and aromatize them with Cinnamom and Spec. Diarrhod Abbat half a dram give hereof at once four or five ounces Or Take Fumitory one handful the four Cordial Flowers of each one pugil Epithymum half a dram rasped Liquorish two drams the Leaves of elect and choice Sene three drams black Hellebore one scruple Polypody of the Oak three drams Raisins stoned two drams Anise seed one scruple boyl for four ounces In the streining infuse of the most choice Rheubarb one scruple Cinnamom half a scruple Spike and Schaenanth of each three ounces unto the streining pressed forth add of the Syrup of Fumitory and Bizantin simp of each three drams Make herewith a Potion to drink and let it be taken down as often as need requireth If it be requisite and that the Body stand in need of any further purging then let the stronger sort of Purgers be administred As Take Confection of Hamech three drams Elect Roses of Mesâ—nes one dram and half and so make a Bole. Or dissolve these Electuaries in the simple water or the Decoction of Fumitory three ounces thereof and then add Syrup of Epithymum and Fumitory one ounce and mingle them After other preparations and purgations we may then safely use the infusion of black Hellebore in this manner prepared Take the roots of Cichory and Polypody of the Oak of each one dram and half Fumitory half a handful Flowers of Borrage Bugloss and Cichory of each one pugil Epithymum and Raisins of each two drams boyl them for five ounces in the streining infuse for the space of one whol night of the true black Hellebore a dram and half Cinnamom one scruple Carrot and Anise seed of each half a scruple Cloves five grains unto the streining pressed forth add Syrup of Fumitory and of Cichory with Rheubarb of each three drams Let them be aromatized with one scruple of the Species of Diarrhodon Abbatiâ— But more especially there is here to be administred as that that is of singular benefit the Whey of Milk and chiefly that of Goats Milk which indeed in the moist Scabies may first of all be administred with one ounce of Succus Rosarum or the Juyce of Roses that it may withall purge and after for four or five daies may only alter If the Scabies be dry then there may be added two or three ounces of the Juyce of Fumitory or also two ounces of the Emulsion of the seed of Melons and thus it is a most efficacious Medicament both against the Scabies and the Itch. Or else the Whey may likewise be prepared after this manner Take the Whey of Goats Milk one quart Mirobalans bruised two ounces Epithymum one dram and half infuse them for a night and in the morning give the Patient one ounce of the streining Or Take the Roots of Cichory Fumitory Sorrel the Sprouts or tendrels of Hops Agrimony new gathered of each one handful Wormword and Rosemary of each one pugil boyl all these in a sufficient quantity of Goats Milk while it is yet warm until a fourth part thereof be consumed Afterward let there be dropt thereinto two of three spoonfuls of Elder Vinegar and when the Milk is Curdled the thin and cleer Whey may be taken in the morning either alone or which is better with the Syrup of Cichory with Rheubarb When the Body is sufficiently purged then it wil not be amiss to administer those things that provoke Sweat As Take Treacle and Mithridate of each one scruple the thickned Juyce of Fumitory half a scruple Syrup of the Juyce of Sorrel two drams dissolve them in Fumitory Water and so let them be taken in the morning and the Patient being wel covered in his Bed let him Sweat for some hours For this use and purpose Fumitory alone may be administred and so may Pimpernel Columbines and Elder But if the Scabies be stiff and stubborn and wil not yield unto the Remedies aforesaid we may then also use the Decoction of Sarsaparilla unto which notwithstanding it will not be amiss to add and therewith to mingle the Water or Syrup of Fumitory When these things have been made use of we are in the next place to betake our selves to Topicks And here we commend unto you in the first place the use of Baths as wel sweet Baths as Mineral and hot Baths among which those that proceed from Sulphur are chiefly commended the continual use whereof notwithstanding since that it doth extreamly dry for this reason it is somtimes requisite and convenient in a dry Scabies by turns to make use of the sweet and Sulphury Baths so that the Patient make use of the sweet Baths twice and four times of the other to wit the Sulphury For by the only use of such Baths and Whey alone even the most contumacious Scabies is oftentimes cured But seeing that those mineral Baths are not every where to be found we may therefore â—ubstitute and appoint others in stead of them that have a faculty and power to digest and cleanse and to open throughly cleanse and purge the Pores or the Skin which if they be mingled together with those things that cool and mitigate the pain and itching you have then a most excellent and soveraign Remedy As Take Alum one ounce and half Sulphur two ounces Nitre one ounce Salt a handful Make hereof a Powder which may be cast into a Kettle full of warm water Or Take Common Salt half a pound Alum three ounces Vitriol four ounces Tartar and Nitre of each two ounces let them be throughly bruised and then cast into the Bath In the Bath there may likewise be boyled Mallows Fumitory Scabious Mugwort Beets the Root of sour Sorrel and a Bag hung therein filled with Bean meal and Bran. There may likewise this following Bath
much the better and far less afflicted with the aforesaid Malady than formerly he had been For Beer is much thicker than Wine and therfore it also breedeth and supplieth a more thick and gross blood The Prognostick This Malady is very hardly cured and especially if the Face be ful of Pustules and as it were exulcerated and for the most part it accompaninieth the person that hath it so long as he liveth The Cure Now this Affect is not any other way to be cured but by taking away the fault of the blood and what is amiss in the Liver For albeit that the containing cause as we cal it of this Malady may be dissipated in the Face yet notwithstanding it wil not be long ere there be made a new and fresh supply of the same matter And therefore there must not only be an evacuation of the blood and the cholerick humor which for the most part is mingled together with the blood and Cupping-glasses with scarification oftentimes fastened and affixed unto the Shoulder-blades but especially and in the first place the extream heat of the blood and liver is to be brought unto a due and fit temper and the obstructions of the Liver are to be opened touching which we have sufficiently spoken before in the third Book of our Practice Part 6. Sect. 1. Chap. 1. touching the hot distemper of the Liver and there likewise Chap. 2. of the obstruction of the Liver Those Medicaments that are made and provided of Strawberries Cichory and whatsoever Compositions that have in them any of the said Cichory are here most useful and proper As for Topical Remedies let them be cooling when the Face is only red and not yet defiled with Pustules but if with the redness there be also Pustules accompanying it then the Medicaments ought likewise to be such as have in them a power and vertue to discuss Now these Remedies are administred in the form of Waters and Liquors as also of Liniments and Unguents As first thus Take the Root of Solomons Seal three ounces Flowers of Elder of the Valley Lilly of the bitter Mushroms of each six ounces white Tartar an ounce and half white Wine a pottle Camphire two drams Let them stand infusing in the Wine ten daies and afterward destil them Take Wheaten Meal as much as you think fit Goats Milk one quart make hereof Dough and making it into Loaves bake them in the Oven and let this Bread be again macerated in Goats Milk for the space of twelve hours After this add the Whites of twenty Eggs Camphyre one ounce burnt Allum two ounces Destil them and make a Water Or Take Strawberries a pint Goats Milk a quart the Whites of twenty Eggs the Seed of Quinces two ounces Camphyre two drams Allum and Sulphur of each half an ounce mingle and destil them Lac Virginis as they cal it is likewise very good for this purpose made of one part of Litharge and three of Vinegar But this following is more efficacious Take Litharge half an ounce Vinegar four ounces let them boyl to the consumption of the third part and in another Pot boyl of Salt and Allum of each half a dram Frankincense one scruple Rose water half a pint Mingle both these Liquors and pass them through a Linen strainer and keep it for your use Or Take Sulphur two drams common Salt and Camphyre of each half a dram Ceruss and Litharge of Silver of each two drams make them into a Pouder and then mingle them carefully with the Water of Bean flowers Rose water white Lilly Water the Water of Solomons Seal of each two ounces Mingle them c. Or Take Camphyre one dram pour unto it into the Mortar by a little at once and stirring it wel about of the Oyl of sweet Almonds three drams afterward pour thereunto of the Oyl of Tartar by draining two drams and then moreover add of the Yelks of two Eggs and mingle them wel together After this add of Saccharum Saturni or Sugar of Saturn half a dram mingle them with al possible care and then at the length pour in unto al the aforeâ—â—d by a little at once the Water of Bean flowers of white Lillies and of Strawberries of each two ounces and so mingle them al wel together Or Take Litharge one ounce Allum three drams Ceruss half an ounce Vinegar two ounces the Water of Roses and Plantane of each four ounces boyl them until a third part be wasted away then strain them and to the straining add a little of the Juyce of Lemmons and with this mixture let the Face be anointed in the Evening Or Take the Kernels of Peaches clean peeled bitter Almonds blanched of each in number six beat them wel in a Mortar with a little milk and then let their milky Juyce be pressed forth unto which add of burnt Allum as much as a Nut. Afterward take of Quick-silver as much as a great Pease in quantity which together with Spittle shake wel and stir it about in the Mortar until it become black and be as it were mortified and then mingle it carefully with the former Liquor with which about bed-time let the Face be anointed and then in the morning following let it be washed with Rose water or the Water of Bean flour Or Take the whitest Tartar Allum and Nitre of each four parts Sulphur one part bruise them wel and then Calcine them and in a Cellar from them make an Oyl per deliquium as they speak or by draining Or Take Kernels of Peaches hulled four ounces the seed of Gourds peeled two ounces let them be bruised and then the Oyl pressed out of them with which let the Face be wel anointed both morning and evening and afterward washed with Rose water and Bean flour Water and the Water of Solomons Seal Or Take Camphyre Litharge burnt Allum of each half a dram live Sulphur a dram and half White Vitriol and Frankincense of each one dram let them be poudered and carefully mingled with Rose water and Bean flour Water Or Take Live Sulphur one ounce Choice Frankincense three drams Myrrh two drams Camphire one dram Ceruss half a dram Pouder them al very smal and pour thereto of Rose water one pint mingle them and when the Patient goes into his Bed let his Face be anointed with the said Liquor and the morning following let it be washed with the water of the infusion of Bran. Or Take Oyl of Tartar one dram Sulphur two drams Camphire half a dram Ceruss and Litharge of each half an ounce Rose water as much as wil suffice and so let them stand in the Sun in a Glass close stopped Or Take one whol Egg and put it into the strongest Vinegar for four daies until the shel be softened afterward take forth the white and fill it up with Frankincense Mastick and Ceruss of each one dram mingle them c. Chap. 32. Of Crusta Lactea Achores Favi Tinea Ficus Helcydrium Psydracia and
indeed there is hardly to be found any Remedy that can subdue and conquer the greatness of this Malady 2. This Disease is exceeding great and grievous to wit from the great store of corrupt humors and there is in the body an extream and intense heat to wit so great that if any one thus affected but for a short space hold in his hand a new and green Apple it wil become wrinkled and withered even as if it had been for some long time dried by the heat of the Sun and the Air. And this same very malignity hath now of a long time taken deep root For this Malady discovereth it self but very slowly neither doth it at al appear before that the malignity of the humors have besieged as I may so say and shal have corrupted the bowels On the contrary the strength of Nature is but very weak as it may sufficiently appear from the actions of al the faculties that are generally hurt and weakened 3. Wherefore like as we do but in vain and to no purpose at al take in hand those that are altogether overmastered by this malady and the long continuance thereof so on the other hand it argueth an overgreat despondency and despair in those Physitians that deny their help and assistance for the cure and recovery of those that but only seem to be affected with this disease but in very truth are not so For as Aetius writeth Tetrab 4. Serm. 1. Chap. 120. It is a sign of humanity and an argument of brotherly kindness in the most extream and worst of Maladies to condescend likewise unto those Experiments that in al likelihood and probability may tend to the quelling and keeping under the rage and violence of the Affect The Cure As for what concerneth the Cure of this Disease in the curing of an Elephantiasis that is but new begun it is above all other things necessary and requisite that the vitious humors be wholly removed out of the body which to attempt wil yet notwithstanding be but in vain unless there be withal such a like Diet first ordained and appointed as by the which there may be no more of the vitious and bad humors gathered and heaped up together but that thereby rather the fault and whatever is amiss in the humors and the body may be rectified and amended And this is done by such things as cool and moisten to wit as they are contrary unto the preternatural distemper being hot and dry Broths and suppings are in this case therefore very fit and proper which may be qualified with Sorrel Bugloss and Borrage unto which likewise as unto al other food the Patient eats Harts-horn may be added and mingled therewith as having in it an especial and peculiar virtue of oppugning and subduing that aforesaid malignity Let his Meats be such as afford a good and commendable juyce and withal easie of digestion his flesh rather boyled than roasted or if at any time it be rosted then among other Condiments Sauces or Sallades let there be appointed him these that follow viz. Sorrel Lettice the juyce of Citrons Vinegar of Roses and Câ—pars But chiefly we commend the cream of Barley with the Milk of sweet Almonds And on the contrary let the Patient carefully a-avoid al salt meats and such as being salted are then smokeâ—dried and so hardened al fried and adust food al spiced meats as also Pease Beans Onions Garlick Mustard Hares flesh Harts flesh Beef Swines flesh Fish that have a viscous and clammy juyce and generally al other meats that breed a thick melancholick and adust humor And when the sick person is at his meals thirsty mere and undiluted Wine is very hurtful for him in regard that the heat and driness of the Patients body is thereby augmented and as for Beer thick humors are for the most part thereby generated and therefore it wil be requisite to find out for him another kind of Drink that he may dayly make use of without any the least inconvenience Of which sort the chief and principal is that drink that is made of the juyce of sweet ripe Apples and then throughly cleansed from its Lees and Dregs For this Drink is of singular use and benefit not only for those that are Elephantiack but likewise for al Melancholy and Hypochondriacal persons as also for al others whose Liver and Mesentery or Midrif afford matter and cause of a disease For it tempereth and qualâ—â—ieth the melancholy humor discusseth the vapors thereof recreateth the Heart begetteth cheerfulness tempereth and moisteneth the dryness of the Bowels and yieldeth a good aliment Another Drink there is that is useful and fit for al hot Natures and hot Diseases provided that the stomach wil but bear it and it is made after this manner Take of the purest Water three quarts Sugar six ounces the juyce of Lemmons or of the Citron three ounces according to what the stomach of the sick person the strength of the heat and the tast require of Citrine Sanders two drams let them boyl a little and afterward add of Cinnamom one dram and strain them Those that are of mean estate and condition may make use of the Prisan or Barley boyled with Fenel seeds Bur this following wil serve them for a more efficacious Drink Take Sorrel Marigolds Meadow-sweet of each one handful Pimpernel two drams Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each one dram Raisons stoned and wel washed two ounces Liquor is rasped and cut into thin slices one ounce Barley one pound Boyl them in a gallon of Water until one quart thereof be wasted away And what is strained forth let it be sweetened with the Syrup or Julep of Violets Or Take the Root of Succory one ounce Raisons three ounces Liquoris cut thin half an ounce Harts-horn Fenel seed of each one dram boyl them in a gallon of Water almost unto a third part And what is strained forth sweeten it with the Syrup of Violets Furthermore as there shal be occasion let a vein be opened and the body be purged according to what the variety of circumstances shal require as for example Take Cassia one ounce Elect. Diacatholic two drams Fenel seed half a scruple and with Sugar make a Bole. Or Take Elect. Diacatholic half an ounce Confect Hamech one dram or two Conserve of Borrage half a dram Sugar a sufficient quantity and make a Bole. Or Take the Roots of Succory and Scorzonera or Vipers Grass of each three drams Sorrel Borrage Bugloss Fumitory Harts-tongue of each one pugil or smal handful of al the Cordial flowers two pugils of the four greater cold seeds and Fenel seed of each half a dram the Leaves of choice Sene half an ounce Polypody of the Oak and Mother of Thyme of each two drams Raisons cleansed half an ounce boyl them in a sufficient quantity of cleer running Water and in four ounces and half of the straining infuse one dram and half of Rheubarb and half a dram of Cinnamom unto
the Evacuation of the blood and the preparation and purgation of the vitious humors ought to be enjoyned according to the Nature of the peccant humors This in the general is to be pre-cautioned that regard be had unto the Heart that it be wel and safe guarded against al the malignant vapors that exhale from the putrifying part And therefore we must here administer for the comforting and strengthening of the Heart Medicaments of Borrage Bugloss Carduus Benedictus the smallest Sorrel Bole-armenick Terra sigillata Bezoar stone Citrons Treacle Mithridate Species of Diamargarit frigid Electuarium de Gemmis Confection of Hyacinth Alkermes and the like Or Take the Water of Scabious Sorrel Borrage Roses and Carduus Benedictus of eâ—â—h one ounce and half Syrup of Sorrel Citrons and Pomegranates of each one ounce the species of Diamargarit frigid Bole armenick and Terra sigillata of each one scruple Mingle them and make a Potion Or Take Conserve of Roses two ounces of Sorrel of Borrage and of Gilliflower of each one ounce Citron rind candied Rob de Ribes of each half an ounce prepared Margarites Bole-armenick Terra sigillata the temperate Cordial Species of each one scruple Syrup of Sorrel and of Citrons as much as wil suffice and mingle them Let the Heart be likewise guarded externally with Topicks As Take the Water of Roses two ounces of Borrage and Sorrel one ounce and half of Carduus Benedictus one ounce Vinegar of Water-Germander six drams Spirit of Roses one scruple Mace Lign-aloes Rinds of the Citron of each half a dram Saffron half a scruple Camphire six grains Mingle them and make an Epithem which must be applied unto the Region of the Heart for its defence and preservation In a Gangrene likewise for the most part the sound part ought to be fenced and guarded and we must be alwaies doing our endeavor that the said part receive none of the putridness And for this end the above mentioned Defensives of Bole-armenick and Terra sigillata must be administred unto which by reason of the malignity Water Germander may be added and mingled therewith As Take Bole-armenick one ounce Terra sigillata half an ounce Harts-horn burnt and prepared one dram Camphire half a dram Wax six drams Oyl of Roses four ounces Rose Vinegar one ounce the juyce of Water Germander half an ounce the white of one Egg mingle them and make an Vnguent As Take Bole-armenick and Terra sigillata or sealed Earth of Lemnos of each half an ounce Mingle them with Vinegar of Water Germander Gulielmus Fabricius frequently made use of this that followeth Take Barley meal four ounces Bolearmenick two drams Galls Cypress Nuts Pomegranate rinds of each one dram and half with a sufficient quantity of Oxymel simplex make a Cataplasm A Gangrene from overmuch cooling But now that we may come unto the more special Cure we will in the first place declare unto you in what manner the Gangrene that hath its originall from an overgreat cooling ought to he Cured But now that it may be wel known how and in what manner al those are to be dealt withal that have been over cooled whether it be so that the Gangrene be already present and in being or that it be only neer at hand we wil from the very begiâ—â—ing briefly pursue and declare the truth of the thing The Cure of such as are over-cooled If therefore there be any one over cooled yet notwithstanding that as yet there is no Gangrene present neither is the part as yet become wan pale and cold but that there is rather a redness in the part together with a vehement and burning pain then in this case the man is not instantly to be moved neer unto the Fire but he is rather to be placed somewhat more remote from it that so by degrees the heat may recover and recollect it self But if it be so that the part be not altogether stiff and stifled with cold so that there be no longer any blood left therein then it is forthwith to be welchafed and rubbed with Snow or the overcooled members are likewise to be throughly washed with cold water upon which they wil begin by little and little to wax warm and to recover their former heat Which the Inhabitants of the Northern Climates have much in use who are wont when any Travellers are overcold stiff and almost dead therewith first of all to plunge them deep into cold water and before ever they give them any entertainment to wash and rub their Hands Feet Noses and other Members with Snow And that from the inward parts the heat may the more strongly diffuse it self unto the external parts and that all the cold may be expelled it wil be requisite to administer suppings made of Wine and to drink Wine and Treacle mingled together The aforesaid People of the Seprentrional Regions use to give their Guests when they are almost dead with cold Hydromel with the Pouder of Cinamom Cloves and Ginger and the like Spices after which they put them to bed and cause them there to Sweat For which purpose there be some that outwardly apply likewise unto the body Flagons or Stone Pots ful of hot water Afterward when the pain and the coldness are something mitigated gentle rubbings with the hands anoynted with the Oyl of Camomile sweet Almonds and Dil are to be administred and the parts are to be fomented with sweet Milk in the which there may also be boyled the Leaves and Berries of the Lawrel Rosemary Camomile Sage Organy French Lavender and the like The Decoction of Rape roots is likewise singularly useful and commonly unto those members that are pained with overcoldness they use to apply the Decoction of Rape roots that have been first frozen with cold After this we must betake our selves unto those things that are hotter such as the Oyl of Lilies of Turpentine of Wax Nettle seed Cresses But if there be not only a fear of a Gangrene but that there also be one already present and that the Member already begin to die we must then use our utmost endeavor that the heat may be preserved in the part and that from other parts it may be again called back unto it and therefore here is little or no benefit to be expected from Defensives but Scarifications are rather to be administred and the parts to be fomented with those hot Medicaments that were but even now mentioned unto which we may add Scabious water Germander the Root of Asclepias or Swallow-wort and the like Unto the parts there may be administred Treacle Mithridate Trochisques of the Viper the Ley in which Water Germander hath been boyled and Treacle Waters Secondly A Gangrene from the afflux of Malignant humors If the Gangrene hath its original from the afflux of Malignant humors or a malignant quality then by appointing a Cooling and drying Diet and by administring of Meats sauced and seasoned with Citrons Lemmons and Pomegranates and
a wollen Cloth be wee therein and so imposed upon the place affected it hath likewise been happily and successfully administred in the Gangrene of the Cods of which we have spoken above Take Vitriol one ounce the tops of the Oake one handful Frankincense half an ounce Camphyre two drams Vrine two pints and half boyl them to the Consumption of a third part and then strain them But the Aegypriack Unguent is not alone to be applied but upon the Unguent that Cataplasm is also to be imposed which resolveth drieth and hindreth putrefaction such an one as Johannes de Vigo in his second Book first Tract and seventh Chapter describeth and commendeth and which many other Physitians and Chirurgeons now a daies likewise make use of And all these are to be applied blood-warm and they are so long to be continued untill the putridness be removed But if the Malady wil not yield unto these Remedies then we are to have recourse unto those that are stronger to wit Causticks such as those Trochisques of Andro Polyidas Musa and Pafio which dissolved in Vinegar and Wine may be imposed upon the part Many indeed do here commend and prefer Arsenick before all other Remedies but Gulielmus Fabricius doth and not without good Cause reject and altogether disallow of it in the Cure of a Gangrene as that that not only hath in it a Septick and putrefying faculty and a quality of melting the flesh as it were but that likewise produceth very great and grievous Symptoms vehement pain Dotings Syncope's and the like the malignant vapours being communicated unto the principal part It is therefore more safe to make use of an actuall Cautery as that which hindereth and preventeth putridness drieth and corroborateth the part This is also much commended Take Mercury dissolve it in Aqua fortis when it is dissolved precipitate it the Oyl of Tartar after it is precipitated wash it Or Mercury alone dissolved and mingled with the Water of the Trinity Flowers and wollen Cloaths wet in this Liquor may be imposed on the part The Crust in what manner soever it be produced is to be taken away by those Medicaments that have been above declared in the first Part and Chap. 13. touching a Carbuncle Neither are we to wait so long til Nature shal altogether have separated the Corrupt from the Sound but the highest part of the Crust is with the edge of a Knife or a Penknife to be cut even unto the sound part that so there may be a way made for the Medicaments unto the deeper parts and the rest that are corrupted For if we expect until the Crust shal be freed of its own accord it may possibly happen that under the Crust a new putridness may be contracted The rest of the Cure is in the same order to be proceeded in as is fit to be done in Ulcers Fourthly If the Gangrene happen from overmuch heat A Gangrene from too much heat then a Cold Diet being prescribed and the hot humors being duly qualified and evacuated if the Malady take its original from an internal Cause the Member affected is to be scarified and then washed with such a Decoction as this Take the Water of Endive Sorrel Lettice Nightshade and Vinegar of each one pint Syrup of Sorrel two pound of Lupines half an ounce Water Germander half a handful Salt three ounces boyl them till a third part be consumed After this the Aegyptiack Unguent and the Cataplasm but even now mentioned is to be imposed and the rest which were before prescribed are speedily to follow Where notwithstanding this is to be observed that unless in case of urgent necessity we must not have recourse unto the actual Câ—utery lest that hereby to wit by the power and force of the fire the extraneous heat which is the Cause of the Gangrene be augmented Fifthly and lastly If the Gangrene arise from the defect of Aliment and Blood and Spirits A Gangrene by reason of an Atrophy in the part and chiefly in truth if it be by reason of a Driness and an Atrophy necessaâ—ry Nutriment being denied unto the part then meats that are hot and moist easie of Digestion and such as generate much and good blood are to be given unto the sick Person and outwardly the body is likewise to be moistened with Oyntmentâ— of sweet Oyl or with Oyl of sweet Almonds and all things are carefully to be avoided that exsiccate and dry the body And unto the part it self that is already affected with the Gangrene the Aliment is by all manner of means to be attracted And therefore here there is no place left for Defensives in regard that they shut and stop up all passage of the blood and Spirits unto the part affected And therefore we are not only to anoynt the part affected and the other members with the Juyce of Earth-worms which is made of the said Earth-worms first washed in Water and then in Wine so put into a great Vessel with good store of the Oyl of sweet Almonds Violets and melted by a gentle and moderate heat over hot Embers and afterwards strained which is a sprecial and soveraign Remedy in the Atrophy and extenuation of the parts but the part affected is therwith likewise gently to be rubbed and chafed unto which also Cupping-glasses not scarified are to be applied But it wil be most fit and requisite if there be already present a putridness to administer those things that do alike both attract and resist putridness such as are Salt Water boyled with Water-Germander Liquid Pitch with the meal of Lupines of the bitter Vetch Orobus Myrrh and the like But if the Gangrene hath already made any progress the part is then to be scarified and the Aegyptiack Unguent and that likewise that is compounded of Pitch and those other things a little before mentioned are to be laid thereon A Gangrene from the interception of the blood spirits Moreover If the Gangrene happen from the interception of the Blood and the Spirits likewise whatsoever the Cause then be that thus intercepteth the blood and the spirits it is immediately to be taken away as if the said interception be from the binding of the part it is forthwith to be loosened and withal those Medicaments that resist putridness as likewise those that discuss that that is corrupted such as are those that are made of the Meal of Beans of the bitter Vetch Orobus of Lupines Aloes Water-Germander and the like are to be imposed And if the Gangrene hath already gotten unto any heighth the place is to be scarified and those other things that are required in al Gangrenes are to be done If an astringent and repelling Medicament be the Cause the said Medicament being removed the heat is to be recalled by Frictions Lotions and Anointings And so we must also proceed in the Gangrene that hath its original from other Causes that intercept the Spirits For the Cure of the Gangrene
and depraved humor by Nature her self thrust unto some Member should be able suddenly to mortifie and deaden it Certain it is that a potential Cautery of Lye out of which Sope is made doth within the space of an hour or at the utmost in two hours time mortifie that part upon which it is imposed whenas notwithstanding it is made only out of the Salt of Woods and of unslaked Lime What wonder is it therefore that some humor of the same Nature salt sharp and malignant being now separated acting a part by it self from the rest by the which it was tempered and qualified as Hippocrates tels us in his Book of the Ancient Physick should effect somewhat like unto the former Of all those that have been affected with the Scorbutick Gangrene of whom I made mention before no one ever recovered besides that Citizen that was taken with a Gangrene in the little Finger of his left Hand he himself being as I saw good cause to judg of him a Scorbutick person Now the Medicaments by which he was cured are these that follow Take of the Apoplectick Water and the Spirit of Juniper berries of each two ounces the Spirit of Wormwood and of Cherries of each half an ounce Sage water and Lavender water of each one ounce Mingle them This Water was oftentimes prepared with the which the affected part was washed or else Linen Cloaths moistened therein were laid upon the part Take Conserve Cochlear two ounces and half of Betony and Sage of each one ounce and half of the temperate Cordial Species and pleres archont of each one scruple Rob. of Juniper two drams Syrup of Betony one ounce Make an Electuary Take Conser Cochlear three ounces of Sage two ounces Species Dyaxyloaloes one dram the Candid Rinds of Citron half an ounce Rob. Juniper two drams with the Syrup of Betony make an Electuary Take Oyl of Juniper berries one ounce Oyl of Earthworms two ounces Oyl of Flowerdeluce one ounce Mingle them Take the Essence of Carduus Benedictus and of Wormwood of each two drams Cochlear half an ounce the Elixir of propriety one dram the Spirit of Water Cresses one scruple mingle them Take of Fennel root and Asparagus root of each half an ounce Pimpernel two drams the Herb Harts Tongue one handful Germander and Groundpine or Herb Ivy and Dodder of each half a handful Anise and Fennel seeds of each two drams Juniper berries two drams and half the Flowers of Bugloss and Liverwort of each one pugil Raisins cut small one ounce boyl them in Spring Water unto seven or eight ounces unto the straining ad of Sugar two ounces and half And then again let it boyl once or twice unto the Consistence of a liquid Syrup and then add of Cinnamom water half an ounce and mingle them Take Asparagus Roots and Fennel Roots of each half an ounce Pimpernel and Succory of each two drams and half the Herb Maiden-hair Agrimony Harts Tongues Germander of each half a handful Anise seed Columbines of each two drams Borrage and Bugloss flowers of each half a pugil boyl them in a sufficient quantity of Water unto half a pint unto the straining add of the whitest Sugar two ounces and again let them boyl up once or twice and make hereof a liquid Syrup unto which ad of Cinamom water half an ounce and mingle them Take the Trochisques of Capars and of Rheubarb of each one scruple and half Extract of Womwood and Gentian of each one scruple Oyl of Cinnamom two dâ—ops make Pils Take Trochisques of Rheubarb Capars Lacca of each two scruples Extract of Wormwood and Gentian of each one scruple of Spleen-wort as much as wil suffice and make Pills hereof Take Pills of Tartar with Scammony and of Rheubarb of each one scruple Extract of the Pils Aggregative half a scruple Oyl of CloveS one drop with Betony water make Pils Take the Elixir of propriety with the Juyce one dram Essent Cochlear two drams of Germander Spleenwort and Wormwood of each one dram and mingle c. Take Lawrel leaves Betony Sage and Marjoram of each two handfuls to wash the Hand withall Take Trochisques of Rheubarb and Capars of each one scruple Extract of Succory half a dram Centaury the less and Carauus Benedictus of each half a scruple Make Pills forty five Take Leaves of Betony Bay leaves Marjoram Sage Rosemary of each two handfuls Flowers of Elder and Lavender of each one handful Staechados of Aâ—abiâ— half an ounce boyl them in Wine to foment the Hand therewith Take of the Nerve Emplaster three ounces destilled Oyl of Sage one scruple of Marjoram half a scruple Mingle them and make an Emplaster Take the Elixir of propriety two scruples Essent Cochlear and of Germander of each two drams of Elecampane and Lign Aloes of each half a scruple Mingle them c. Take the Leaves of Lawrel and Betony of each two handfuls Marjoram Sage Organy of each one handful Flowers of the Arabian Staechados half an ounce boyl them in Wine for a fomentation of the Hand Take the opening Roots half an ounce Agrimony half a handful Leaves of the choycest Sene one ounce Mechoacan half an ounce Ginger one dram and half boyl them in Spring water in four ounces of the straining dissolve half an ounce of Manna and then strain it again adding thereto one ounce of Sugar and make a Syrup This Cataplasm was likewise made use of Take Bean meal one ounce Pouder of Water-Germander Rue Sage Wormwood of each half an ounce and make a Cataplasm The little Finger with that next unto it the Ring-finger was oftentimes anoynted with the Oyl of Earthworms which is made by putting the said Earthworms washed into a Glass then enclosing the Glass in a Mass of Dough bake it in an Oven and the Liquor that cometh from these baked Worms gather it together and filtrate it But for the Curing of the Ulcer in the little Finger after the Gangrene we used this Unguent Take Oyl of Bays Honey Turpentine of each two drams May Butter Gum Elemi one dram Mingle c. Another Cure A certain Noble Person having had his Foot wrung with his shoe in that very place where the hurt had bin there arose a black Pustule in the sole of the right Foot Which he not much regarding there instantly followed a Gangrene which in that place seized upon the Flesh Which so soon as it was observed the affected flesh was presently scarified and the Pustule being cut with a pair of Cizers the Aegyptiack Unguent was imposed upon the part affected After this the Defensive of Vigo was applied unto the Foot which is in this manner prepared Take Oyl of Roses Omphacine and Myrtles of each three ounces the Juyce of Plantane and Nightshade of each two ounces boyl them to the Consumption of the Juyces and then strain them Add of white Wax one ounce and half Meal of Lentiles Bean meal and Barley meal of each half an ounce
in Chap. 4. touching the Scurvy which proceeded from a Styptick Vapor contracting the Muscles moving the Larynx and as it were violently pulling them together In the Body the Back especially there appeared wan spots the Teeth were loose and indeed some of them were already faln out There was likewise continually to be seen in the hollow of his Hands a perpetuall redness proceeding no doubt from the heat and driness of the Liver and this arose from the unseasonable use of Medicaments heating and drying For he had not only for fourty daies together used the Decoction of China as is beforesaid but other Medicaments of the like Nature He lay whole Nights many times without any sleep at all There was likewise present a Fever that observed no course at al such as those are wont to be that accompany the Scurvy Such was this Patient when I first received him that for the recovery of his perfect health I could give him no assurance at al neither could I wel give him any certain hope of the preserving his life from a sudden death which continually threatened him But yet nevertheless in regard that he had come so far a Journey for his healths sake I endeavored what I could by my continued care and pains to effect his desire and to do him good and by the good hand of the Almighty assisting me I so wrought that his Belly was able again to do its office and that the excrements acquited again their natural consistence that the pains of the Belly and Joynts ceased and that the Arms and the Hands had likewise their motion restored them insomuch that the Noble Lord could not only perform other offices with his Arms and Hands but could likewise write Letters His Belly also that was altogether extenuated began again to increase and not only so but even also to grow fat again And yet notwithstanding there stil remained and pertinaciously persevered the Palsey of the Feet and their contraction which could not be taken away by any kind of Medicaments no not by the use of those admirable Baths to wit the Teplicenses into which he was put in the month of June in the yeer 1629. and as I conceive it wil hardly ever be wholly and perfectly cured Now the Medicaments that I made use of were directed unto these ends and purposes to wit that the Belly might again be made loose and soluble that the Cacochymy might by degrees be evacuated that the vice of the humors and the Scorbutick disposition of the Bowels might be amended by Antiscorbutick Medicaments and that the most urgent Symptoms might be quite removed and taken away As for what concerns the matter of Physick here to set down al the forms of those Medicaments which almost every day were administred it would be too tedious and not worth the while in regard that the same Indications stil abiding the very same Medicaments but yet nevertheless with often variation of the forms are frequently to be repeated in this long lasting and contumacious Disease We wil therefore only subjoyn the matter of those Medicaments that answer unto the Indications extracted from the forms which yet nevertheless were not al of them administred in al Medicaments but according unto the present condition and the Nature of the Circumstances somtimes these and then another while those were administred And yet notwithstanding we wil here add a form or two For the loosening of his Belly which unless some waies irritated would scarcely ever have done its office he had indeed as I told you before brought out of Italy great store of Aloes Rosat But when I perceived that by the use thereof his Intestines were but the more dried I disswaded him from the use of it And so instead thereof he often made use of Clysters unto the which his body had been much accustomed made of the Roots of Marsh-mallows Polypody of the Oak the Leaves of Feverfew of the Herb Mercury Bears-breech Mallows Marsh-mallows Centaury the less the flowers of Camomile and Elder Dill-seed Fenugreek seed Lin-seed Cummin-seed Electuar Diacatholic Diacartham Benedict Laxatâ—vâ— Hiera simplex Syrup of Roses Solutive Oyl of Camomile of Elder of white Lilies and Yelks of Eggs. But the Laxative Syrups were made of the Roots of Polypody of the Oak Fern Succory the Rinds of Tamarisque the Roots of Capars Fumitory Agrimony Endive Germander Spleenwort or Miltwaste the seeds of Carthamus Raisins Leaves of Sene Agarick Zedoary Galangal the Rinds of Citron the Cordial flowers Manna Cream of Tartar and Sugar as much of al these as shal suffice Pills of the Mass of Pass of Fabricius Aquapend with the Species of Diacartham For the correcting the vice of the humors and the amending of the Scorbutick disposition he made use of Antiscorbutick and opening Medicaments As for example Take of Scorbutick Water described in the third Book of our Practice four ounces of Spoonwort or Scurvygrass and Borrage of each one ounce Conserve of Spoonwort an ounce and half of Betony half an ounce Let them stand al night and strain them in the morning adding thereto of Tartar and Vitriol or the simple mixture of each half a dram and mingle them together Also Take the Juyce of Spoonwort newly pressed forth of Water Pimpernel or Brooklime and Water-Cresses of each a quart of Succory root newly Candied six ounces Salt of Tartar half a dram Let them stand digesting in a close Vessel for some daies and afterwards strain them unto the straining add of white Sugar four ounces Conserve of Borrage Betony and Fumitory of each two ounces let them stand again in digesting one whol day and night and afterward strain them Also Take of the simple Mixture one ounce and half Rob of Juniper one ounce Juyce of Spoonwort Water-Cresses Brooklime of each six ounces Species of Diarrhod Abbat two drams Syrup of Borrage of the lesser Gilliflower of Acetosit Citri of each one ounce and half Cinnamom Water half an ounce let them stand digesting and afterward pour out al thereof that is cleer Also Take of the simple Mixture one ounce and half Rob. Juniper two ounces Extract Calam. Aromat one scruple Saffron half a scruple Conserve of Spoonwort three ounces Fumiterry and Sorrel of each one ounce and half Juyce of the Citron new drawn four ounces Scorbutick Water six ounces Spoonwort Water four ounces Cinnamom Water half an ounce Let them stand in digestion and afterward strain them He made use likewise of the Pils of the Trochisques of Capars the Extract of Succory Spleenwort and Gentian and also Cream of Tartar Vitriolat There were likewise Rols prescribed for him of the Species of Aromat Rosat Abbat Diarrhodon Abbat Plires Archont Extract of Otrace Elecampane Erynus the Pouder of Bezoar as likewise this Pouder Take Species Dâ—aireos one dram Calam. Aromat the seed of Cresses Rocket Saffron of each one scruple Cinnamom one dram Cream of Tartar two drams make a Pouder He used Electuaries made of the Conserve
each two ounces and half Mastick one ounce Saffron one dram Wax half a pound Common Oyl one pound and half Make hereof an unguent according to Art Or Take the Juice new drawn of Ladies Mantle of Sanicle of Saracen Consound of each alike as much as you think good set them to the fire and then add of old Swines fat and May Butter of each alike as much as wil suffice and make an Vnguent Or Take White Rosin three ounces May Butter six ounces Juice of Ladies Mantile one ounce Sanicle Wintergreen of each an ounce and half Goats beard Oyl of Olive of each two ounces Let the Juices be first boyled with the Oyl until the moisture be consumed then add the Rosin and after that the Butter then let them be strained and stirred well together until they be cold Or. Take the Herb Wintergreen Adders tongue Sanicle Speedwell of each one ounce flowers of St. Johns Wort and Centaury the less of each six drams let them be cut very smal and shut up in a Glass bottle Add Oyl Olive one ounce the fat of a Hog three ounces unsalted Butter four ounces let them stand in a hot place or in Balneo Mariae for eight days afterwards boyl them till the humidity be consumed and then strain them after this add Turpentine one ounce Mastick Frankincense Myrrh of each half an ounce Aloes Hepatick one ounce and make an unguent The Unguent likewise of Caesar Magatus is very useful As Take our Oyl of St. Johns Wort one pound Wax washed in Balsam water three ounces Let them melt together in a narrow mouthed Glass vessell when they are melted ad unto them of our Balsam one pound Gum Elemi three ounces Balsam of Peru Tacamahaca Caranna of each two ounces all these Gums are to be dissolved severally and apart with our oyl of St. Johns Wort Ammoniacum and Galbanum in like manner dissolved of each half an ounce Myrrh Frankincense Aloes Gum hedera of each two drams the Roots of Consound Birthwort Bistort and Tormentil of each one dram and half Cretan Dittany three drams Water Germander two drams Mans fat prepared two ounces Swans fat one ounce mingle them and make an Vnguent and keep it carefully in a narrow mouthed vessel of Glass or Silver Oyls and Balsams natural as the Balsam of Tolu Balsams of Peru and the like and Artificial as Take Oyl of Bayes two ounces Mastick Olibanum Goats sewet of each one ounce and Mingle them or Take the yellow that is in the middle of red and white Roses and white Lilyes of each as much as wil suffice pour in unto them Oyl Olive a sufficient quantity and then set them in the Sun in a Glass close stopped for fourteen daies or Take Turpentine and Oyl of Bayes of each four ounces the Oyl of the yelks of Eggs two ounces Oyl of Roses half a pound mingle them and set them in the Sun until they shall have gotten a yellowish colour or Take Turpentine one pound Galbanum Gum Elemi Gum Hedera Frankincense Mastick Myrrh of each two ounces Aloes Xyloaloes Galangal Cloves Cinamom Nutmeg Cubebs of each one ounce Aqua vitae three ounces Let them be macerated together for a day and a night and afterward let them be twice destilled and keep that destilled oyl as a pretious Balsam Or Take the Liquor of the bladders of the Elm defecated and prepared one pint the best hony purified three ounces Juice of Tormentil of the greater Consound and of the mean Consound of each four ounces mingle them boyl them over a gentle fire to the consumption of the Juices and then ad the following powders Take Dragons Blood Oriental Bole-armenick Manna thuris Horse Tayl Mastick of each two drams Mingle them and make a very fine pouder and ad it unto those things above mentioned The preparation of the liquor of the Elm-bladders is thus in the moneth of May these kind of bladders are to be gathered before there breed any Worms in them and with this liquor a glass vial is to be filled up and stopt with a linen cloth after this a hole is to be made in the earth two or three hand breadths in heigth and in the bottom of the hole we are to put common salt three fingers high upon which the vial is to be placed and then the hole to be filled up with earth so that the vial appear not and so it is to stand for twenty five daies then the dreggs are to be separated from the cleer substance and that which is cleer is to be kept for use which if you put of it self alone unto the disjoyned parts it agglutinateth them Another Balsam Take Frankincense Myrrh Sarcocol Gum Junip Gum Arabick Gum hedera Gum Elemi Mastick Dragons blood Balsam of Peru Tacamahaca Caranna of each one ounce and half The tears or sweat of the Fir tree the liquor of the little leaves of the Elm of each one pinte Rosin of the pine half a pound Tormentil roots Roots of Bistort of Orace Birthwort Consound white Dittany of each half an ounce Juniper berries and Bay berries of each six drams spirit of the best wine three pints mingle them together and destill them and receive the water the spirit and the oyl severally and apart All of them are excellent good for the agglutinating of any Wound Another Balsam Take the oldest oyl you can get four ounces Venice Turpentine ten ounces and half whol Wheat two ounces St. Johns Wort two ounces and half the roots of Carduus Benedict and valerian of each ten drams the finest smal dust or pouder of Frankincense two ounces Hypocistis or the excrescence of Cystus half a dram Bolearmenick and Dragons blood of each half an ounce the ponder of Earth-Worms two drams the greater Consound one handful Horse Tail half a handful let the roots and herbs be bruised after a gross manner and then put up into a vessel and then pour in white Wine unto them and after they shall for a while be thus infused let the oyl and the wheat be added and all boyled unto the consumption of the Wine After this pressing and squeezing forth the Liquor with al your strength ad the powders and the Turpentine and then suffer it again to boyl a little and so keep it in a Glass vessel for your use Or Take Turpentine two pound Common oyl three pints Oyl of Bayes six ounces Oyl of Cinnamom two ounces Oyl of Euphorbium oyl of Cloves and oyl of Bay berryes Gum hedera Ammoniacum Sagapenum Opopanax Galbanum of each one ounce Frankincense Mastick of each two drams Let them be together destilled and make a Balsam for the Wounds of Nerves or Take Clear Turpentine two pound oyl of Linseed one pint Rosin of the Pine six ounces Frankincense Myrrh Aloes Mastick Sarcocol of each three ounces Mace Ligne Aloes of each two ounces Saffron half an ounce put al these into a Reâ—ort and first of al let them be
Spiders cobwebs Bolearmenick the soft flix of a ha e of each one dram make a powder Or Take A dead Nettle and having beaten it into a very fine powder strew it upon the wound Neither are we to desist from the use of those Medicaments until the flesh that is bred is so produced about the vessel that it shut up the orifice thereof For unless this be done there wil yet be alwaies great cause to fear an haemorrhage Magatus his Water against the hemorrhage Caesar Magatus in this first Book and 61. Chapt writeth that this water following being wel mingled together with the whites of Eggs throughly beaten doth perform wonderful effects Take Juice of Plantane of the sowr unripe Grape of Quinces of sharp and tart Pomgranates vinegar made of black wine of each one pound the Juice that is newly pressed forth of Asses dung one pound the whites of thirty Eggs wel beaten together The herb Horstail Strawberry leaves Mousear Adders tongue the herb Trinity winter green the herb Perewinkle Wild Tansey Bears ear the leaves of al these new and fresh gathered one handful the new and fresh Roots of the greater consound one pound the greater Centaury half a pound Pomgranate Rinds and flowers unripe Galls of the Oak Gum Arabick Tragacanth Sarcocol White Frankincense of each half an ounce Roots of Tormentil Bistort Bolearmenick Sealed earth Dragons blood Earth of Samus of each of these three drams bruise what is to be bruised and powder those things that are to be powdered and so mingle them and after a three days maceration in a double vessel let there be a water drawn forth according to Art But I doubt much whether or no this destilled water wil have in it any considerable Astringent virtue in regard that that part of simple Medicaments in which the astringent power doth chiefly lie can hardly ascend thorow the Alembick More efficacious is that water that is destilled from Alum after the manner following Take of the best Alume as much as you please The Alum Water powder it and put it into a Buls or Oxe bladder and so put it into a kettle of hot water that the Alume may be dissolved Destil this water by an Alembick and continue the work so long even until the feces reside in the bottom And these are again a new to be dssolved in the Oxe bladder until the whol substance of the Alume shal by destillation be convertedl into water But if the blood shal not be stanched by these Remedies Whether in case of an Hemorrhage we may use Causticks there are some that use Causticks that bring a crustines over the Wound and so by the benefit of it shut the Orifice of the vessel But the truth is this way is not safe enough but ful of peril For seeing that so much of the Particle as is burnt into a crust so much there falleth away of the Natural flesh from the part when the crust falleth off the orifice of the vessel is again left naked and bare of flesh so that there is oftentimes a new haemorrhage excited and not easily stanched Of these we may most safely make use of such of them as being burnt retain stil a caustick virtue and being not burnt have in them a notable astringent power but very little of the Caustick faculty whereby they burn and such a like medicament is crude vitriol which therefore some crude as it is do beat into a powder The virtue of vitriol in an Haemorrhage and so sprinkle it upon Wounds for the stopping of the haemorrhage But others there are that dissolve it in water and then they moysten linen clothes lay them upon the wound And moreover Calcanth which some call shoomakers black either pulverized or else dissolved in a convenient liquor is of singular use in wounds where the orifice of the vessel cannot be closed either by compression or by that mushrom before mentioned which they commonly call Crepitus Lupi or even by burning be there never so great need thereof But this Calcanth especially if dissolved in liquor penetrateth even thorow the very vessel that is hurt But here notwithstanding we are to beware that the nerves if any be neer be not hurt And therefore into such like deep Wounds if there be any Nerves in the wounded part other Medicaments that have a power to stanch blood are rather to be cast in by clysters that have little ears affixed to them or some other fit and convenient instruments .. In the interim notwithstanding it will be likewise very requisite to administer certain general or as they cal them universal remedies that make for the stopping and stanching of the blood to wit drawers back intercepters and certain internal Medicaments that stay the blood Those things that draw back are first Venesection venesection appointed in the contrary place which may then only be put in practise when the hemorrhage is not great and the strength of the Patient but little impayred But yet nevertheless that so the Patients strength may be the better preserved and the revulsion performed with the more expedition the blood is not at once to be evacuated but at several times But if the Patients strength wil not bear venesection in this case Cupping-glasses both dry and scarifyed as need shal require are to be applyed in the remote and opposite places But now Intercepters are administred Intercepters to the end they may drive back and incrassate the blood while it is in flowing unto the part that they may make more narrow those waies and passages by the which it floweth But now such intercepting Medicaments are to be applyed unto the vessels by which the blood tendeth unto the wounded part and so above upon the part toward the root of the vessel and more especially where it possibly may be done in the exterior parts where only the veins lie hid under the skin and are not covered with much flesh touching which Hippocrates in his fifth Section Aphoris 23 giveth us this advice We ought saith he to make use of some cold medicament in those persons that have at present any blood flowing from them or that are likely to be troubled therewith and this medicament is not indeed to be applyed unto the same place but unto those places from whence it flâ—weth if there be any inflammations or burnings of the parts that tend unto a red or bloody colour by reason of the fresh and flourishing blood that now appeareth therein unto these very parts let it be administred Now these intercepters are made of Medicaments that are cold and Astringent as Posca a compound of vinegar and water harsh wine the water of Roses of Plantane of the Oak and of night shade Barly meal the powder of Myrtles Bâ—learmenick Dragons blood Mastick the flowers of red Roses Pomgranate flowers and the whites of Eggs of which there are divers Medicaments to be made the forms whereof are
somwhat weak in its motion and the above mentioned causes went before What to be done for the breeding of a greater Callus But now that there may be generated a greater Callus we are to allow unto the sick person a full dyet and meats that breed a thick and viscid Juice the swathes are likewise to be loosened and the part to be plyed with warm water untill it appear to be very red For in this manner there is drawn unto the part affected a greater store of blood that so there may be supplyed a more plentiful matter for the generating of the Callus There are likewise Medicaments to be imposed Dropacisms as they call them that are moderately heating and attracting a more plentiful Aliment unto the place affected There is likewise to be administred one dram of the Stone Osteocolla with the Water of the greater Comfry ground smal upon a Marble in Prisan flesh broth or Wine which hath a singular virtue to generate the Callus as by examples Guilhelmus Fabricius proveth in his First Century and Ninetyeth Observation The Callus bigger then it justly should be But then somtimes on the contrary the Callus is generated bigger then what justly it should be which proceedeth from the over-abundant afflux of the Aliment especially when it is too thick as also by the giving of the Osteocolla Stone hand over head which although it hath indeed a notable virtue in generating the Callus yet Nevertheless it is more sutable and convenient for aged persons and such as are of riper years then for such as are very young For if it be administred unto these there is then generated a Callus greater then what justly it should be as by an Example Guilhelm Fabricius teacheth us in the place before alleadged Signs thereof Now this Callus is known by the very touch by which it is easily discovered as also by the pain which ariseth from the Compression of the Muscles and the Nervous parts whereupon the part also is rendered unfit for motion and especially if the fracture be made neer unto the Joynt The Callus how it is to be made less Now the Callus if it be over-great is diminished and made less by discussive and digestive Medicaments as by frictions of Sâ—â— Nitre and Oyl and by a perfusion and fomentation made of Salt water or a decoction of the Leaves of Beets Mallows Pellitory of the wal Sage flowers of Camomile and of Melilote or else a Cataplasm made of these is to be layd on Or else let the part be anoynted with this Unguent Viz. Take Goose fat Bears fat Mans fat of each two ounces Juice of Earth-worms one ounce Ammoniacum a dram and mingle them But yet if the Callus be harder then ordinary then let Emollients be added unto Digestives and before the application of Cataplasms let the place affected be fomented with some Decoction As Take Roots of Marshmallows one ounce Roots of white Lilyes and Bryony of each half an ounce Flowers of Marshmallows and Mallows of each one handful Camomil and Melilote of each half a handful Linseed and Fenugreek of each half an ounce boyl them for a fomentation and of the mass make a Cataplasm But let these fomentations be used not only until the part wax red and begin to swel but that also the part may again fal and become lank and wrinkled Let this Dyet be very sparing neither let him eat much food that yieldeth a thick and clammy Juice Guilhelmus Fabricius in his 1 Century and Observat 21. maketh use of these Medicaments for one whose Callus was grown too great by the use of the Stone Osteocolla First of all he twice a day fomented the Callus with the following Emollient Decoction Take the Roots and Leaves of Marsh-Mallows Bryony white Lillies Bears Breech Flowers of Camomile and Melilote of each one handful Common Worm-wood and Red Roses of each one ounce boyl them in Vinegar one part and Water four parts unto the Consumption of the third part After this he anointed the Callus with the following Unguent Take Mans fat Bears fat and Goose fat of each two ounces the Juyce of Earth-worms and Vinegar of Squils of each one ounce Mingle and make an Vnguent After the Inunction he applied the following Emplaster spread upon Leather Take the Emplaster of Frogs with Mercury and of the Mucilage of each one ounce and mingle them In this manner he proceeded for six daies until he saw that the Callus was not only much mollified but also most manifestly diminished And afterwards instead of the Plaister he fitted unto it a Leaden Plate and with a Swathe he bound it fast and firmly upon the Callus And by the use of the Remedies and the blessing of God upon them the Callus was softened Resolved Extenuated and Depressed and the sick person restored again unto his former health Chap. 7. Of the Slenderness and Weakness of the Member ANd furthermore it happeneth oftentimes that after a Fracture the Member remaineth slender and weak which is caused either through the scarcity of the Aliment whiles that by the long and various bindings of the Swathes the Veins carrying the Aliment unto the part are streightened and welnigh closed up or else when the sick person hath not food enough allowed him to Eat and Drink and that likewise which maketh very much hereunto is a long continued rest of the Member and its Cessation from Motion And therefore we must by all means endeavour that a more plentiful Aliment may be attracted unto the part And therefore as much as is fit the Member is to be moved and reduced unto its wonted and accustomed motions and to be fomented with Decoctions that only attract the Aliment unto the part affected and do not any waies scatter it And Dropacisms are here likewise of singular use Or Take Oyl of Costus and of Camomile For broken bones that grow not together as formerly of each half an ounce Oyl of Castor and the Martiat Vnguent and Mans fat of each one ounce and mingle them And somtimes also it happeneth especially in aged persons that the broken bones will not be brought to grow together again of which thing Guilhelm Fabricius in his 1 Cent. Observat 92. hath a History The very like whereunto there happened here of late in a very learned man who is yet living This man was in the very same case with the other mentioned and described by Guilhel Fabricius For he can indeed write with his right Hand but if at any time he desire to list up his whole right Arm which he had broken either forward or backward he then needeth the assistance and support of his left Hand Now this cometh to pass if the bones after they be set be not kept in their places steady and unmoved and this likewise was the cause of what happened unto that learned person we but even now mentioned For he being very Fleshy and
River Crabs out of Asses Milk and the Antidote likewise that is made of their Blood Antonius Chalmetaeus in all kind of Cancers commendeth this Water which he likewise useth nine daies before the excision or cutting forth of the Cancer Take Thapsus barbatus or sweet white Mullein the Root of Water Betony of each two ounces Dropwort Spleenwort Agrimony Tormentil Scabious Avens Toad-flax of each one handful Nettle seed three drams Flowers of Elder Rosemary flowers of each one pugil or smal handful Make a Decoction which may be dulcified with Sugar with some part of which Decoction the place affected may be likewise fomented and throughly washed and afterward a Magma or sweet Confection may be applied in the form of a Cataplasm The other way of curing the Cancer is that that we cal a Counterfeit or Palliative Cure by which we only use our endeavor that the Cancer may not be augmented and get any further growth and that the pain thereof may be asswaged that so the sick Person may lengthen out and lead the remainder of his life with the less excruciating and afflicting misery Such Medicaments are those that do not putrifie neither corrode and bite the part but do moderately dry and cool it and they are such as are above mentioned and more of them you may likewise see in the fourth Book of our Practise Sect. 3. Part 1. Chap. 7. Lupus or the Wolf and Noli me tangere There may be referred unto a Cancer or at least certainly thereunto subjoyned those Tumors or Ulcers which they vulgarly call Noli me tangere and Lupus the Wolf Now some there are that divide the Cancer into three Species or kinds into the Cancer that is by the Greeks Romans absolutely and specifically so called and which is commonly and wel known by that name into the Noli me tangere and the Wolf And they then only term it Noli me tangere when there ariseth a Tumor or Ulcer upon the Chin and especially about the Mouth and Nose bearing a resemblance with and being very like unto an exulcerated Cancer growing and increasing very slowly at the beginning which as Theodoricus truly telleth us continueth for one whol yeer no bigger than a Pustule and is as it were a very smal and inconsiderable Push and which afterwards and at all times creepeth less than the Cancer and Rogerius in his fifth Chapter writeth that the Cancer doth corrode more in one day than Noli me tangere doth in a Month. And it is so called either because it ought not to be rubbed since the more it is handled and rub'd the worse it becomes or else in regard that it is a Contagious Malady or else lastly because it is rather exasperated then mitigated by Remedies and is thereby caused to creep into the sound parts But they cal it Lupus or the Wolf if it be in the Shins Ankle-bones and Thighs But in all other parts of the Body although it retein stil the same pravity and malignancy they conceive that it is not to be absolutely called Lupus Yet notwithstanding when it ariseth and appeareth in the midst of the Body others term it Cingulus a Girdle as Guido tels us in his Serm. 7. Tract 4. Summ. 1. Chap. 24. but it is so named by reason of its vehement corrosion and eating through The vulgar People likewise wil have it to be from hence so called to wit because like unto a hunger-starved Wolf it consumeth the Flesh of Hens yea and other flesh also This Opinion is indeed by Joh. Philip. Ingrassias exploded and termed a fatuity and vain foppery But that some such thing there is done is related and asserted by divers and it is confirmed by the History that Mauritius Cordaeus relateth in his first Book Comment 7. upon Hippocrates touching Women There was saith he a certain Noble and Choice Woman living nigh unto the Castle of Nenve that had all the right side of her Face possessed and overspread with a Cancer and that likewise exulcerated of a long time insomuch that her Face was most grievously tortured with pains and griefs of all sorts She having in vain and to no purpose at all sought for help unto the Physitians as wel French and Italian as Spanish and Germans together with other forreign Physitians was at length perfectly cured by this following expedite and speedy Remedy that she had learned of an ordinary and vulgar Barber Chirurgeon She cuts Chickens into very smal and broad pieces the which she dayly applied unto the part affected oftentimes changing and renewing them and at length by this one only Remedy she recovered her former perfect health and soundness Menardus in his seventh Book Chap 1. referreth the Tumor Lupus or Wolf and likewise the Noli me tangere both of them to the Tumor Phagedenae Chap. 21. Of a Watry Tumor THere arise in like manner from a Waterish and wheyish humor divers kinds of Tumors and from this humor it is that somtimes certain parts of the Body and somtimes again the whol Body is caused to swel up of this nature and kind are the Dropsie Hydrocephalus or Head-Dropsie Dropsie of the Lungs and Chest Hydromphalus Hydrocele Dropsie of the Womb c. touching all which having already treated in their proper places we wil here speak somwhat only in general concerning a watery Tumor The Causes The Cause to wit the next and immediate of watry Tumors is the collecting or gathering together of a watry or wheyish humor in some one or more parts But now from what causes these watery wheyish humors proceed and come to be gathered together we have already declared where we treated of the Hydrops or Dropsie Now for the place the watry and wheyish humor is collected in some part that is loose or that hath in it a Cavity or hollowness Signs Diagnostick These watery Tumors are soft lax or loose and without pain If they be pressed and thrust down the print of the finger that maketh the Impression doth not remain and if we view them wel either by day-light or Candle-light they appear transparent and such as may welnigh be seen through Prognosticks 1. The very watry Tumors themselves that are fomented and cherished by some vice or default in any of the Bowels are not at all dangerous 2. But those that have their original from somthing amiss either in the Liver or in the Spleen although they are not in themselves dangerous yet they do notwithstanding threaten danger in regard of the Bowels that are ill affected 3. Although watry Tumors are not dangerous yet notwithstanding they are not easily cured since that the humor is hardly or not at all to be concocted and is likewise discussed very slowly The Cure That so the Cure may rightly be performed the the watry humor which causeth and cherisheth the Tumor is to be evacuated and emptied forth and speciall care must be taken that no more of it be generated in the Body for
of all the Saunders of each two drams and half Bolearmenick one ounce the Berries and Leaves of Myrtle of each one dram Mingle them and make an Vnguent with the which let the part affected be anoynted Upon this Unguent there were imposed Linen Cloaths wel wet in the Water following and they were often renewed Take Barbers Ley two Quarts of Lupines grossy beaten three handfuls boyl them until the Lupines become soft let the Ley be strained and in the straining dissolve of Saffron two scruples Mingle them The Scarification of the place affected and the laying on of the Aegyptiack Unguent together with the Defensive was thrice repeated the first day the Water that was likewise applied The day following the corrupt flesh was cut forth and the same helps and Remedies administred The third day the corrupted flesh being wholly removed the following Digestive was imposed Take of pure Honey two ounces of Bean meal two drams of Choice Myrrh half an ounce the Whites of two Eggs Saffron six grains Mingle them and make an Vnguent And together with the foregoing Unguent there was likewise administred the Emplaster of Vigo such a one as this Take Bean meal the Meal of the bitter Vetch Orobus of Lentiles of Lupines of each four ounces Juyce of Wormwood six drams common Salt half an ounce Oxymel simplex as much as wil suffice boyl them over a gentle Fire and make an Emplaster The use of these Medicaments being for some daies continued the sick person was thereby perfectly cured Hitherunto touching Ulcers in general and particularly concerning the Gangrene and Sphacelus both that Species of them which we term Scorbutick as also those other that are so wel and commonly known It remaineth that in the next place we speak something of what is oftentimes amiss in the Skin Hair and Nails THE FIFTH BOOK THE THIRD PART Of the Vices of the Skin Hair and Nails SECT I. Of the Vices of the Skin Chap. 1. Of the color of the Skin changed in general and in special touching that blackness that is contracted from the Sun NATURE being very sollicitous and careful in the preservation of the health of Mans Body doth alwaies that which is for the best and therefore she expelleth the vitious humors that are heaped up in the body from the principal Members and the greater Vessels unto the more external parts and the superficies of the body from whence there arise many kinds of Tumors Tubercles and Pustules as likewise divers sorts of Ulcers as also divers kinds of spots and blemishes and changes of the color Whereas therefore we have already treated in the first and second Part of Tumors Tubercles Pustules and Ulcers and withal made mention there of the Measles smal Pox and certain other spots and blemishes as there is is to be seen we wil now handle those things that remain in this Part and withal we wil treat of the Vices that is to say whatsoever is amiss in the Hairs and Nails The changes of the color of the Skin And in the first place indeed for what concerneth the Vices and blemishes of the Skin the changes of its color are many and various First they are Universal and of the whol body as in the Cachexy Scurvy yellow Jaundice the white Feaver of Virgins commonly called the Green-sickness touching which we have elsewhere spoken Secondly they are particular and of some one part of the body as in a Suggillation Erysipelas Gutta Rosacea Impetigo Lichen Vitiligines touching al which we have already spoken in our handling of Tumors as also the blackness contracted from the burning of the Sun those spots and blemishes appearing in the faces of Women great with child as those they cal Ephelides and Lentigines which are spots and blemishes of a dark and reddish color that in their color and figure do very much resemble Lentilâ—s And moreover likewise those spots and blemishes which are contracted from the very birth and infancy touching which we are now to speak And first of al among these blemishes we wil speak somthing of that affect which they cal Ephelius that is to say heat-wheals or smal hard pushes in the face Where notwithstanding we must give you to understand as a little before we told you likewise that many of the Tubercles Spots and Blemishes of this kind although they are now with us commonly and generally wel known yet nevertheless by what names these like Affects were called by the Ancients is not so wel and sufficiently known And this appeareth even out of Celsus who in his sixth Book and Chap. 5. thus writeth The regarding of these Vari or Pimples Lenticulae or Freckles and Ephelides so as to cure them is but a meer folly and foppery saith he but yet nevertheless it is likewise a thing altogether impossible to take from Women the care they have of the beauty and handsomness of their faces Now then of those that we mentioned before the Vari and Lenticulae are commonly known although that species be somwhat more rare which the Greeks cal Phacos since that kind is a Lenticula somwhat more red and more unequal But at for the Ephelis the most are generally ignorant as not wel knowing what it is it being indeed nothing else but a certain roughness and an hardness of an ill color The rest of them are to be found no where in the body but only in the face but the Lenticulae are wont likewise to arise and appear in some other part And I am altogether of opinion that even our very ordinary Women are sufficiently acquainted with these Affects which said Affects notwithstanding viz. Vari Lenticulae and Ephelides what Affects they were with the Ancients is not sufficiently manifest If the Ephelis that Galen mentioneth in his seventh Book of the faculty of simple Medicaments be written by the Greek Letter ' η then without all doubt it hath its name from the Sun so that they are certain spots contracted from the Sun But Celsus unless it be an error and mistake of the book writeth the word with the Greek Ï‚ Ephelis and saith that it is a roughness and hardness of an evil color which wel agreeth not with those spots Eustachius Rudius in his second Tract second Book and Chap. 4. of the Affects of the external parts saith that the Greeks Ephelis is Panus and that Panus indeed may infect any part whatsoever of the body especially the Groyns the Abdomen the Back the Neck and the middle Region of the Breast but for the most part nevertheless as he writeth it defileth the very Forehead it self But in regard that Celsus reckons up the Ephelis among those Affects that never appear but in the Face we have therefore determined above in the first Part and 29. Chapter that those broad spots that appear about the Groyns Breast Abdomen Back and Neck and dye the said parts with a certain kind of duskishness that is one while somwhat greenish and another
their Conception The Cure Indeed it is very requisite that the depraved humors that are the Antecedent Cause of this Affect and are wont to nourish the same should be evacuated but in regard that in Women with Child we may not safely make use of those evacuations we ought therefore to content our selves with Topical Medicaments And here there is to be commended the use of Bayberries if their rinds be taken off and then they be beaten into a pouder and so mingled with Honey and made into the form of an Unguent and the Face therewith anointed in a Bath Or Take Pouder of Lawrel Berries as much as you please and with Mushrom Water make it into the form of a Pultiss with which let the Face be anointed in the Bath Or Take Camphyre one dram Nitre two drams Mingle them with Honey and let the Face be anointed with the said mixture The Emulsion likewise that is made of the Seeds of Hemp is very useful For the spots that are in the Faces of Maidens while their Courses are upon them and whilst they yet flow Take the Juyce that is pressed forth of the root of Bugloss sliced and with it anoint the Spots Chap. 3. Of Lentigines Pimples or specks in the Face ANd hither belong likewise the Lentigines which the Germans from the color of dry Leaves cal Sommer strossen Sommer flecken and Lauf flecken and they are spots in color resembling Lentiles with the which in Women especially the Face principally and somtimes likewise the Hands Arms and upper part of the Thorax being exposed unto the Air is aspersed and overspread they somtimes standing thicker and somtimes thinner like unto so many drops as it were without any pain and trouble in some appearing indeed only in the Summer time and vanishing again in the Winter and in some likewise they keep their course from yeer to yeer The Causes But now they have their original from adust burnt blood seizing upon the Scarf-skin And this happeneth more especially in ruddy bodies that are of a Cholerick temperature and especially in the Summer time when that vapor of the blood is more burnt And hence it is that in the Winter for the most part these spots vanish but then they return again and appear in the Summer And they break forth chiefly in those parts that are exposed unto the external Ambient Air the Face the Neck the Hands and the superior part of the Thorax because that the Scarf-skin is more burnt by the Sun and the Ambient Air detaineth those burnt vapors in the Skin Platerus is of opinion that the Juyce that should nourish the hairs that are fixed in the Skin being brought unto the pores of the Skin do cause these spots For this humor saith he being first of al assimilated by them and agreeing somwhat with them in color before they are put unto the Roots of them if it be by them further dispersed any whither else into the superficies and circumference of the pores it then produceth those kind of spots and that dark and duskish color somwhat more or less inclining unto that color of the hairs that it had gotten while it was assimilated by them Which diffusion of this Juyce into the Pores proceedeth somtimes from the external heat overstrongly attracting it and withall dilating the Pores if then the Juyce nourishing the Hairs doth not only affix it self unto the roots of the Hairs but diffusing it self further also and there subsisting causeth those Dusk Dark and Brown spots more or less according to the diversity of the colour of the Skin But since that the Face wanteth Hairs it is not credible that the Juyce ordained by Nature for the nourishing of the Hair should breed such kind of spots but for the breeding of these like spots there sufficeth a portion of the adust blood degenerating as it were into a Melancholly humor Platerus also is of opinion that the overgreat Natural loosness of the Pores contributeth its furtherance so that even by reason of them the said Juyce doth not only nourish the Hairs but likewise produce these spots But I had here rather assent with Eustachius Rudius who thinketh rather that the Lentigines do arise from the thickness of the Skin and therefore because that the Cheeks are more thin than other parts therefore it is that although there come into them very many of these adust vapors yet notwithstanding they are not detained in them but are from thence gently evaporated and so the Lentigines that are in them are but few but because the Skin of the Fore-head is thicker and that the vapors are not easily received in it but being once received are the more detained there therefore the Fore-heed doth the more abound with these Lentigines or Dusky spots Signs Diagnostick These Lentigines are easily known because that they are Spots of the bigness a of Lentile of a dark brown and dusky color dispersed up and down in many drops as it were standing close and thick together and very familiar unto such as are of a red Hair and they annoy the Face the Neck the Hands and those parts that are exposed unto the Sun and the Air. The Prognostick Those Lentigines as they have in them no danger at all so for the most part they vanish in the Winter but yet notwithstanding in some bodies they alwaies return again in the Summer and in some they are Annual and return constantly from yeer to yeer The Cure Galen for these Spots commendeth the Herb Costmary with Honey and Water as also the seed of the Cabbage Bitter Almonds are likewise very useful and so is the Oyl of Eggs likewise But most effectual is the Water of great Figwort distilled out of that wel known Plant as also the Water drawn out of the flowers of the spotted Satyrion and lastly the Oyl of Tartar by draining O Take of Eldern flowers and Bean flowers of each a like proportion pour in unto them Goats Milk blood-warm Let them stand for a daies time in some cold place and afterwards let them be destilled and then Take Bean meal as much as you think fit let it be moistened with the said water and in the evening let the Face be anoynted with that mixture In the morning let the Face be washed with the water of Elder flowers and Bean flowers unto which there may be added a little Camphyre dissolved in the Spirit of Wine Or Take Honey four ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds one ounce Pouder of the Flower deluce root two drams Borax half an ounce make an Vnguent The Virgins Milk likewise as it is called is here very good and it is thus prepared Take of Litharge four ounces boyl it in three pints of the best Vinegar unto the wasting of a third part when it is cooled let it be strained through a filtring bag and afterwards Take Sal Gem three drams boyl it in cleer water unto the Consumption of a third part then strain it after
this Take of this Water two parts and of the former Vinegar one part and mingle them Or Take the Citron Vnguent new made three ounces of sweet Almonds throughly bruised and Bean meal of each one dram the bone of the Sepia fish Harts horn and Barley meal of each two drams let them be incorporated with Honey and then wel mingled together Or Take the fresh flowers of Beans as many as you think fit pour unto them a sufficient quantity of Goats Milk let them stand infusing a day and a night Afterwards let them be strained and squeezed hard and into the straining let new flowers be thrown in and so let them stand infusing again for the space of a day and a night and then let them be strained this must be five times repeated And then add of the soft pith of new Bread as much as wil suffice that it may be made like unto a Pultise and then adding thereto a little Goats Milk destil them With this Water let the Face be washed in the morning and evening There are certain things likewise very usefull that shall be propounded in the following Chapter Chap. 4. Of Cosmetical or Beautifying Medicaments BUt yet although we have hitherto in the precedent Chapters spoken touching the taking away of divers of these Skin-spots Women notwithstanding that study little else but their beauty are not herewith contented but they restlessly pursue after those things that procure unto their Faces a lustre and amiableness For their sakes therefore we wil add somthing also even of these Cosmetick or beautifying Medicaments Now these Medicaments are of two sorts some of them do only mend the obsolete dark and blackish colour of the Face and render the Skin somewhat more bright and cleer and these are by no means to be disallowed of since that they only restore unto Man or Woman that beauty which either by the injury of the Air or by any other Cause they have lost and been deprived of and withall do truly and really produce a fair and stable colour and these are called Cosmetick or be beautifying Medicaments but others there are that are only Palliative and these we call Face-sucusses because that unto the Natural colour there is likewise added an adventitious and acquired white or red colour and this is so painted on that continueth if for a while and but for a while only and deceiveth the Eyes of the Beholders We shal speak of the former sort of Medicaments alone But as for the latter sort of these Medicaments in regard that we judge it neither honest nor pious to make use of them we wil therefore say nothing at all of them but pass them over in silence But now as for what concerneth the former of these Medicaments it seemeth altogether a thing unreasonable to reject them in regard that they bring over the Face no Fucus or counterfeit painted beauty but they only restore the Natural whiteness of the body lost upon any Cause whatsoever And this is more especially allowed unto Women who because that they are in Wisdom strength of Body Fortitude and in some certain other things much inferior unto Men therefore in stead of these as the Poet Anacreon tels us Nature on Women doth bestow A Comely form and Beauteous hiew Instead of Lances Targets Shields Their Face a fair bright lustre yields Which puts on Women such a Grace That Fire and Sword to them give place And Plato in his Phaedrus saith That of all things whatsoever Beauty is the most excellent and Amiable and there he calleth a Beautifull Face a Divine Face that is to say a Face shining forth by reason of a kind form that is put upon it But the other is altogether to be rejected by Women and Sr. Cyprian writeth very truly in these words of his in his second Tract of the Habit of Virgins We ought not only saith he to admonish Virgins or Widows but I conceive that even Married Women and all others whatsoever in general are to be admonished that the Handiwork and Image of God ought by no means to be adulterated by adding thereto any yellow color or any black Powder or any kind of redness or in a word any other Medicine that corrupteth the Native Lineaments And a little after They lay wicked hands saith he upon the Work of God when as they go about to transfigure and reform that which he himself hath formed as not knowing that all whatsoever is made and wrought is the work of God but whatsoever is Changed is the work of the Devil Now the Medicaments of the former sort are such as almost all of them do very much scout and cleanse by separating from the Skin that Juyce that deformeth the same with this brown and duskish color and by alluring thereto a new Juyce that may procure unto it a bright and beautiful color Unto which there are somtimes added likewise certain Emollients which have in them a power to soften the Skin when it is hard thick and rough they also make it smoother and more especially they cause an extraordinary softness in the Hands Milk wil satisfie both these scopes and especially Asses Milk and Goats Milk Which Poppaea the Wife of the Emperor Nero being not ignorant of a Woman extreamly proud and luxurious she cause a five hundred Milch Asses alwaies to attend her whithersoever she went and in a great Tub made purposely for her to bathe in she washed her whole body in the said Milk that so it might be all over freed from wrinkles made tender and delicate and preserved white as Pliny relateth the story in his eleventh Book Chap. 41. and Book 28. Chap. 12. Cleansers are these the Roots of the greater Dragon-wort Solomons Seal great Figwort wild Cucumber white Lilies the Elder bitter Almonds Pines the four greater cold Seeds French or Kidney Beans Rice Bean meal the Meal of Cicers of Lupines Starch the White of an Egg Milk Camphyre Salt Oyl of Tartar Frankincense Myrrh the Crumbs of white Bread the Oyly Nut Ben. Of the Roots of Dragon-wort there is a certain Gersa made which is nothing else but the Dregs or Lees thereof as they commonly cal them And so also there may in the like manner be prepared such a like Faecula or Gersa out of the Roots of Solomons Seal and great Figwort And out of the Oyly Nut Ben commonly called Balanus Myrepsica there is an Oyl pressed forth that is called the Oyl of Been And likewise out of divers of these simples together that erewhile we mentioned there are made many destilled Waters and divers Compositions As Take Root of Solomons Seal Dragon-wort great Figwort of each one ounce and half of the Flowerdeluce one ounce of Bean flower two ounces Mastick one ounce Borax two drams let them be destilled Take the soft Crumb of White Bread three pound thereof the Whites of Eggs wel shaken together twelve in number Goats Milk two quarts let them be destilled Or Take
Rice one pound let it be steeped in the Water of Bean flowers untill it break afterwards add of choyce Mastick six drams Borax two drams and then destil them Or Take the Pith or Crumb of White Bread one pound Root of Solomons Seal half a pound Goats Milk as much as wil suffice and let them be destilled Or Take Flowers of the Elder and of Bean flowers of each a like proportion pour hereunto Goats Milk and strain it let them stand in a cold place for eight daies and then destill them When you use the Water Take of Beans hulled beat them into a very fine Pouder and cast the same into the said Water and after this let the Face be washed with this Water and permitted to dry leisurely of it self In the end dissolve Camphyre in the Spirit of Wine and mingle it with Eldern Water and let the Face be washed with this Water Or Take Whites of Eggs in number twenty four Cinamom two drams Asses Milk or Goats milk two Quarts and destill them Emulsions likewise made of the four greater Cold Seeds bitter Almonds and Pines are here very useful There are also Decoctions made with which the Face is to be washed of Beans Cicers Lupines Rice Or Take Roots of white Lilies Solomons Seal Borrage of each one ounce Mallows Sope-wort Parietary or Pellitory of the Wall and Violets of each two pugils Beans hulled one handfull Flowers of Mallows half a handful make a Decoction with which let the Face be washed Liniments moreover and Unguents are made use of among which are the Pomacea or Pomata as they are commonly called The Oyl of Talck is now adaies much in the mouths of many and very much used in the Nurseries of great Women But this last seemeth rather to belong unto the Face-fucusses then unto the true Cosmeticks unless it be administred only to cleanse and after the use thereof when they go abroad in publick washed off from the Face Medicaments that whiten the Hand But now the more Choice and delicate Women that are unaccustomed to labor do not only administer certain Medicaments unto their Faces but unto their Hands likewise that so they may become soft and white and these Medicaments are made of the Crumb of White Bread the Meal of Barley of Cicers of Lupines and Honey all which being wel wrought together with Water or else mingled with soft Sope and Honey they wash their Hands therewith Or Take Meal of Cicers of Beans of sweet Almonds of each two ounces the Roots of Flowerdeluce of Florence two drams Honey and Rosewater of each as much as wil suffice and Mingle them And here likewise the Pomatum Unguent is of much use Or else such a Sope may be made Take of Venice Sope one pound let it be dissolved in Rose-water add thereunto the Pouder of Flowerdeluce of Florence one ounce the Meal of Cicers one ounce and half and mingle them There are likewise many other Medicaments which we mentioned a little above for the making of the Face fair and clear and they are here also very useful Many other things there are of this Nature that we may see in Rondeletius in his Tract of Fucusses Of Mending and Beautifying foul and deformed Cicatrices What things they be that amend the deformed Cicatrice The rectifying and amending of deformed Cicatrices is not unfitly referred unto the Cosmetick or Beautifying Medicaments For when as upon the Solution of continuity either by reason of a Wound or an Ulcer there is from the Juyce nourishing the Skin for the uniting of the part something generated that is like unto the Skin and stiled by the name of a Cicatrice this said Cicatrice is indeed like unto the whole skin and yet it is oftentimes differenced from it in colour and many times likewise in figure because that somtimes it becometh more high and raised and otherwhiles it is depressed kept low and leaveth as it were a pit and so consequently a certain inequality or unevenness and thereby breedeth a deformity which in the progress of time is wont to be somewhat changed whilest that the Cicatrice is rendered day by day more like stil unto the Skin Which if yet nevertheless we have a desire that it may be speedily effected it may then be done by some certain Medicaments such as are first the Oyl of Myrrh which is made if the Yelk be taken out of an Egg hard boyled and then the Egg filled up with Myrrh and put into a moist place until it be all dissolved into a Liquor and this likewise may be wrought by the destilled Oyl of Myrrh The moisture also that sweateth forth of Eggs whiles they are in rosting is very useful for this purpose The Oyl likewise of the Yelks of Eggs the Fat of the Thymallus Fish which they commonly call Ascia the Oyl that is pressed forth of the Kernels of Peaches Oyl of bitter Almonds and Oyl of Been Or else an Unguent may be made of Borax Camphyre and Mans fat or of Litharge and the Oyl of Roses and the Oyl of bitter Almonds mingled with Honey or else an Unguent may be made of the Juyce or Root of wild Cucumber and Honey and with this the Cicatrice may be anointed for one day but the day following with Milk and this by turns from day to day must for a while be continued Or Take the Mucilage of Fenugreek seed and of Fleawort of each two drams Oyl of Tartar by straining half an ounce Oyl of Roses one ounce Ceruss and Borax of each one dram and mingle them Or Take the Root of Dragon-wort of Solomons Seal of each two drams Bitter Almonds Peach Kernels of each one dram Egg-shels burnt half a dram Frankincense and choyce Myrrh of each one dram Sugar Candy three drams the Mucilage of Fenugreek seed one ounce Oyl of the Yelks of Eggs and Mans fat of each as much as wil suffice Mingle and make a Liniment But if the Cicatrice be deep it is not so to be amended by Medicaments that it may be made equal and even with the rest of the Skin but the Cicatrice is by Section or else by some corroding Medicament to be taken away and the Cavity as much as is requisite is to be filled up with flesh and afterwards a new Cicatrice is to be brought al over the part Cicatrices after the smal Pox and Measles But most of al after the smal pox and Meazles there are oftentimes very frequently left behind in the Face unsightly and deformed Cicatrices that cause an exceeding great eye-sore and il-favoredness and thereupon that they may be amended the help and assistance of the Physitians is oftentimes implored But for the taking away of these Cicatrices those Medicaments that we a little before mentioned are very useful and so are those likewise that have been prescribed before in this present Chapter for the making of the Face more fair and clear And for this out of al these there
is more especially commended the fat of the precious Fish Thymallus or the Ascia fish Forestus had happy success in the use of this that followeth Take Oyl of sweet Almonds an ounce and half of white Lilies one ounce the Fat of a Capon and Goats Fat of each half an ounce Sarcocol half a dram the pouder of Bryony root and Flowerdeluce of each one scruple Sugar thaberzet one dram Bruise what is to be bruised into a very fine pouder and pass them through a very fine sieve and then if you so please add thereto dissolved Gums and at length let them be mingled together in a Mortar pouring thereupon Rose-water the Water of white Lilies and of Beans of each a sufficient quantity continually stirring them and incorporating them together then let them by the stroking of the Hands be passed through a woollen Cloth and there wil run forth a soft Vnguent Chap. 5. Of those they cal Mother Spots or Blemishes THere is also another sort of Blemishes that is wont to defile and deform the Skin and this is derived from the very first original and that which the Infant hath contracted even in the Mothers Womb and hereupon they are called Maternal and original Blemishes Spots and Marks Now these Spots are very various and different somtimes of a red color and as soon again of a dark and brown color and oftentimes of neither of these two but of some other color and it is also of this or that shape and figure and somtimes in this somtimes in that part of the body The Causes There are some indeed that beleeve that these spots and blemishes are excited in the body from a fortuitous and accidental concourse of the humors But the very truth is that such like things come not to pass by chance but Experience it self teacheth us that these spots depend upon the fancy and imagination of the Mother and that by it the Infant is thus marked as they speak There is no necessity for our heaping up of the several Authorities both of Philosophers and Physitians as touching this subject neither is it requisite here to recount even al the faults and things amiss in the conformation that are caused by occasion of the imagination For it is wel enough known unto al kind of Women that Infants have now and then had some certain spots resembling Straw-berries or Cherries or else red spots like unto red Wine or the Fire whenas upon the sight of such like objects by the Mother the Imagination maketh an Impression of these like colors upon the Child And I my self knew a woman great with Child who standing under a Mulberry Tree there fel some of the Mulberries upon her back whereupon the Infant that she went withal had as many excrescences in its back resembling the shape and figure of Mulberries But now how it cometh to pass that the Imagination doth this I have at large shewn you in my Tract touching the Consent and Agreement of the Chymists with Aristotle and the Galenists Chap. 14. and in the fourth Book of our Practice Part 2. Sect. 4. Chap. 7. Which here to repeat I hold it altogether needless Prognosticks 1. This kind of Spots is very hard to Cure and although it seem somtimes to be a little obscured yet it soon breaketh forth again in a manner as if it were raw and some there are that relate how that those spots that are contracted by the occasion of Cherries Strawberries and Grapes at the time when these Fruits are wont to be ripe wil appear and as it were flourish again 2. If yet notwithstanding there be Medicaments administred immediately upon the birth of the Child they are somtimes taken away The Cure Women do commonly make use of the blood of the Secundine or Afterbirth for the taking away of these Spots rubbing and cleansing the said Spots therewith while it is yet hot And others likewise afterward make use of the Menstruous blood There are yet not withstanding other cleansing Medicaments likewise of the which we have hitherunto spoken and prescribed for the taking away of other Face-spots that may here be made use of others administer the Mothers fasting spittle and others require the often instilling of the Milk that is drawn out of the Mothers Breasts upon the said spots and deformities Which if they suffice not then we are to have recourse unto corroding and Caustick Medicaments also or unto the Manual operation and the shaving of the Scarf-skin likewise It is also good for the Mother in the morning for some certain daies continually to chew Mustard seed and with it to rub the spot And some there are that preserve that part of the Infants Navel that falleth off after the due knitting thereof and this being dried and afterwards moistened in the Water of the Herb Christopher they lay it upon the Spot thrice a day so long until the said spot be wholly vanished There is here likewise commended the destilled Water of Mountain Avens if the Infant so soon as it cometh forth of the Womb be washed therewith and the spots afterwards washed with the same Water Chap. 6 Of the Volatick or flitting spots of Infants THe German Practical Books as we may see in the Practice of Gabelchomerus and in the Physical Dispensatory of Wittichius and in others make mention among Childrens Diseases of a certain Affect that they cal Denflug which in regard that I never saw it I have therefore omitted not at al spoken of it in my Tract of Infants Diseases But because there are some that write than they have seen it we wil therefore make mention thereof here in this place Now these describe this Affect that they are certain flitting spots of a red or purple color creeping up and down here and there in the Skin which if they touch upon any orifice as suppose the Mouth the Nostrils the Eyes and the Ears and penetrate so far as that they reach even unto them the Malady is then mortal And therefore that they may prevent this they take Rose-water and mingle therewith a little Saffron and with this they anoint al the said Orifices and the Spots themselves likewise round about Only they do not anoint the body towards the Feet that so by the Feet these spots may vanish Which spots if any such there be without al doubt they are a species of the Erysipelas and therefore we are not only to administer that Liniment unto the orifices of the body but we are likewise to make use of those Expulsive Medicaments also that are otherwise wont to be used in the Erysipelas Chap. 7. Of those spots and blemishes that the Germans cal Hepatick or Liver-spots AS I have often told you and cannot but here again acquaint you with it there are many kinds of Tubercles and Spots and these are also at this day very commonly known every where in al Nations which by what names they were called by the Greeks or Latines we know not
whenas yet notwithstanding it is no way credible that there were no such Affects as these among the Ancients for there were then rise in those times the same causes as now There is commonly known an Affect which the Germans cal Leberflecke without al doubt The Affect Leberflecke what it is in regard they beleeve that it hath its original from the Liver to wit dark and brownish spots or such as of yellow become somwhat blackish as broad as the Palm of the Hand seizing upon the Groyns especially and the Breast and the Back yea and somtimes also covering the whol Breast with a certain sleight roughness of the Skin that sendeth forth as it were scales or branny scurfâ— which yet notwithstanding do not stick and abide in one place alone but are dispersed hither and thither and one while they vanish another while they break out and appear again Reinerus Solenander of al that I can remember doth most plainly and cleerly describe unto us these spots in his Sect. 5. Consultat 11. but yet he gives them no name And Platerus likewise seemeth to make mention of these when he writeth that there are some certain dark brownish and dun spots as broad as the palm of the hand arising somtimes in some certain parts of the body and at some certain times only and vanishing also at some certain seasons But he maketh the matter somwhat obscure and doubtful in bidding us to seek for the cause and for the Cure in the Lentigo For these Lentigines and the spots we now speak of are different Affects and they have different Causes as wil further appear from those things that have been already spoken of before in the third Chapter touching the Lentigines and shal be more fully spoken of in this present Chapter Whether these kind of spots may not be referred unto the Vitiligo and the black Alphus as I think that they wel may I leave it unto the judgment of the Reader Our purpose is here in this Chapter to explain and treat of this Subject without either the Greek or Latine name for the German name is of al others the best known as are also the very spots themselves The Causes The Cause of these Spots is a humor very dry and Melancholy brought unto the Skin together with the aliment of the parts or alse blood that is feculent ful of dregs and very thick which when it cannot al of it be assimilated that of it that is excrementitious is thrust forth unto the Skin But although that more feculent blood may be generated from an overdry Liver from whence it is that by the Germans it is called Leberflecke that is to say Liver-spots yet nevertheless seeing that the Liver doth its office in its sanguifying faculty and breedeth good blood the Spleen without doubt is not altogether free from fault Whereupon I have observed that after those spots if they have continued long Quartan Feavers have arisen An unfit kind of Diet and such a course of life as is apt to breed a thick and feculent blood and a Melancholy humor maketh very much likewise for the generation of these spots touching which we have already spoken elsewhere Prognosticks 1. These very spots indeed have in themselves little or no danger neither do they breed any kind of trouble or any deformity visible unto the eye when they arise in the Face and Hands as the Lentigines but in those places that are covered wich Clothes 3. And yet notwithstanding in regard of the Cause upon which they depend and the vitious Constitution of the Liver and Spleen they presage other Diseases and very frequently Tertian and Quartan Feavers follow these Spots 3. Although those Spots may easily be taken away as anon we shal shew you yet nevertheless unless the fault and imperfection of the blood and bowels from which the vitious blood is generated be taken away they again return and flourish in a short time after The Cure Since therefore these kind of Spots being taken away may again return unless the Cause upon which they depend be likewise taken away the vitious humor is therefore to be evacuated by Medicaments that are made of the Roots of Polypody Succory Borrage Spleenwort Dodder Maiden-hair Egrimony the Leaves of Sene Rheubarb Jalap And this is somtimes to be repeated and if there be occasion a Vein may likewise be opened But then in regard that these Purgers do evacuate only those humors that are collected in the Veins but do not prevent the generation of the said humors we must therefore more especially do the utmost of our endeavor that the vitious Constitution of the Liver and Spleen upon which the breeding of these humors doth depend may be amended and this may be performed by a good and wholsom dyet by the which that dry constitution of the Liver and Spleen may by degrees be restored unto a better condition And therfore we are to prescribe Meats of a good Juyce such as Goats flesh Veal Lamb Pullets Eggs and the like Barley Wheat Apples throughly ripe Prunes Raisins Almonds But the Patient must avoid meats that are thick salt sharp and generally al meats of an il juyce such as are flesh that is smoke-dried and the like For the Constitution of the Bowels being by the use of good meats reduced unto a better estate and condition the vitious humors wil no more be generated but only a good and temperate blood But as for what concerneth Topicks it wil be very good in the morning to rub those parts that are thus defiled and deformed with spots But first of al before the Patients going into the Bath it wil not be amiss to take the Water or the Syrup of Fumitory with a little Treacle After his sweat let the place be anointed with Mustard seed with warm water reduced into the form of a Pultiss which may be there left to continue so long even until that a heat and a certain pricking be felt and perceived in the part and afterward let it be washed with warm Water Or else let it be anointed with this Mass Take White Sope half a pound let it be sliced and dried and afterwards add of Mustard seed one dram and half the meal of Beans and Lupines of each two ounces the soft Crumb of white Bread one ounce with the juyce of Fumitory or the sharp-pointed Dock mingle and use it Chap. 8. Of the Itch. ALthough that the Itch may be joyned together with many other Affects as Scabs the Impetigo Leprosie and the like so that these being taken away this very Affect is likewise removed yet notwithstanding it somtimes singly and alone vexeth and troubleth persons and so troublesom it is that the party thus affected is often enforced to implore the help and assistance even of the Physitian also and of this we intend to treat here in this Chapter Now the Itch is a pain that is excited from a thin and sharp excrement sticking between the Scarf-skin
this smell arise from sweat as most frequently it doth and that strong Feat smel stinking you may cal it that is somtimes ascribed unto the whol body is properly the smel of the Arm-pits And yet notwithstanding Martial as we find it extant in his sixth Book hath this Epigram upon Thais Thais stinks worse than Fullers Pot ere stunk that lay Fur'd up to th' brim but newly burst in th' midst of th' way Worse then the lustful Goat new come from 's Mate ere stank Worse then the Dogs skin stay'd beyond great Tibers bank Worse then th' Abortive Chick that 's found in rotten Eggs Worse then the Tankard marr'd with Corrupt Sauce and Dreggs This Cheat to damp her poysonous stink with sweet Perfumes Whenas she 's stript and takes the Bath she then assumes Psilothra Perfumes Oyntments or lies hid with Chalk And thus by shifts she keeps her stink from common Talk When sh ' hath us'd all her thousand Arts and thinks all wel Yet stil she stinks and Thais doth like Thais smel Prognosticks 1. This strong and stinking smel is loathsom and very offensive to the Standers by and such as is very unfit for Conversing with others and it oftentimes rendereth the Wife unacceptable and unpleasing in the Eyes of her Husband 2. And yet notwithstanding this stinking smel is a sure sign of an overmoist Body and a Body wherein there are many moist Excrements heaped and this the body is very easily obnoxious unto in Fevers and other Diseases arising from putridness The Cure The Cure respecteth either the stink it self that may be palliated and covered by a sweet smel on the very cause of it and this is the true Cure And therefore the bodies of them that are thus troubled are in a convenient manner by Venesection if need require and Purgation to be evacuated and its overgreat humidity to be dried up And here more especially there is commended Aloes Rosate which drieth the body and powerfully preserveth it from putridness Let the Diet likewise be so ordered that it may tend toward driness and resist putridness And therefore let his Meats be sauced with Vinegar the juyce of citrons oranges Rose-water Rose vinegar But there must be an abstinence from meats that are easily corrupted such as are Cucumbers Melons Musk Melons Figs and the like The overmuch use of Fish especially the softer sort thereof likewise to be avoided The Exercises of the body let them also not be neglected neither let the sleep be excessive Afterward we are wel to take notice from what part the stink exhaleth and accordingly that part is to be cleansed and washed with the Decoction of Barley Scabious Flowerdeluce Root Aloes Myrrh Guajacum wood Citron Rind Saunders Aspalathus or Thorny bush and after this a Cerote is to be imposed of Styrax Calamite Benzoin Cinnamom Cloves Myrrh and Aloes incorporated and made into a mash with Rosin and the Oyl of Lavender But seeing that before such time also at the Cause be quite taken away the said stink is troublesom and offensive unto al persons that come neer it may therefore be obscured by sweet smels and thereby be both depressed and palliated The Arm-pits therefore and the Groyns as there shal be need may be anointed with some sweet smelling Liniment or Unguent made of the Flowerdeluce Root of Florence Cinnamom Lign Aloes Cloves Gallia Moschata Styrax Calamite Oyl of Lavender or Balsam of the Citron Cloves Cinnamom or many of these mingled together adding thereto Musk and Ambar if it seem good unto you so to do Under the Arm-pits there may likewise be born sweet scented bals or an Ambar Pomander The said stinking and offensive smel is easily taken away if the Feet be every day washed with Water or Ley in which Bay Leaves the Leaves of Organy and Sage the flowers of Rosemary Roses Camomile and Flowerdeluce root are boyled or else the Feet may be washed in Wine in which Allum hath been dissolved After the washing we may likewise administer those Remedies that the Greeks cal Diapasmata which as Pliny writeth in his 13. B. chap. 2. consist of odoriserous things that are dry and they are the sprinklings of some dry Medicament that is made into a fine pouder with the which we are to rub the Feet and to sprinkle some thereof betwixt the Toes As Take Bay Leaves and Organy of each one ounce Flowers of red Roses the Florentine Flowerdeluce Root and Cypress root of each half an ounce Bean meal and Lupine meal of each two ounces Salt dried one ounce Make a Pouder The same course is to be taken if the whol body send forth a stinking smel And then frequent use must be made of Baths of the sweet smelling Herbs a little before mentioned And if the said offensive stink cannot otherwise be obscured and palliated we are then to make use of perfumed Garments sweet Bals Balsams and the like But it is better to take away the Cause of the offensive smel than to go about by sweet scents and perfumes to obscure and palliate it since that perfumes unless they be very strong they mingle themselves with the stink and are but as it were a vehicle unto it and so cause the smel to be the more unsavory Whereas the truth is that he that smels of nothing at al smels best of al. There is extant in the Physical Epistles of that famous Physitian Georgius Horstius Book 2. Sect. 10. a very memorable History of a stinking and offensive smel proceeding from the whol body where Dr. Sigismund Snitzerus writeth unto Dr. Andreas Libavius that a certain Augustane Virgin seventeen yeers of age was sent unto Bamberg and there put into the Monastery of the holy Sepulchre that so she might live as a Recluse and Nun of the said Order And that she was no sooner entered into that Monastery but she sent forth a stinking smel not unlike unto that of a dead putrefying Carcass greatly offensive and displeasing unto the rest of the Nuns whether she kept them company in their common meeting place or else kept her self close and mew'd up in her own Cell for even here also they smelt her as they passed by but a diligent enquiry and search being made into the cause thereof he came as he writeth at length to understand that this stink of hers proceeded not from any thing amiss in her Mouth Stomach Womb or any other particular part of the Body but from the general habit temper and constitution of the whol body Yet nevertheless Libavius in his Epistle wherein he returneth an answer doth not admit of this said proper Constitution and temperament of the whol Body in regard that to render the reason thereof is beyond the reach and power of any man living but he rather thinks that somthing happening from without brought upon her that alteration of her substance and so caused this offensive smel And he conceiveth indeed that this distemper was contracted in the
and dressed up her hair somwhat long as her custom was with warm ordinary Spring water But upon the very first pouring on of the water all the Locks of one side of the Head as it were all besmeared with Birdlime become on a sudden so intricate and intangled that afterward as long as she lived they could by no means wit or device be extricated and severed as formerly but continued thus in long entangled Locks very frightful to behold even unto her dying day And this we conceive to be wrought meerly by Witchcraft But I think this to be very rare and that this Vice proceedeth from some internal Cause we are taught even by this that in those places Bruits likewise are taken with this affect But now what kind of humor that is we shall find it very difficult to explain Very many there are and indeed the most who refer the Cause of this malady unto a certain viscid and slimy humor But these fal short of the truth For in many bodies and many Regions likewise these viscid Clammy humors are generated which yet notwithstanding produce no such Disease For neither may these pains of the Limbs Convulsions and other Symptoms be referred only unto a viscid humor neither can any reason be rendered why this matter should be thrust forth only unto the hairs and unto no other parts But what the Nature of this humor is the nourishing of our body and the generating of other Diseases may in some measure instruct us For although all the parts are nourished by the blood yet nevertheless as divers Plants do from the same Earth attract each one of them that Aliment that is proper and familiar unto them as Hippocrates testifieth in his Book de Natur. human Text. 31. even so likewise one of the same Mass of blood contained in the Veins every one of the parts attracteth unto it self that Nutriment that is most familiar unto it It happeneth moreover that if the blood be less pure that excrementitious aliment is carried more unto one part then unto another And this is plainly to be seen even in the Joynt-Gout Arthritis where that same serous wheyish matter salt and tartareous or cal it how you please is carried more unto the Joynts then to the fleshy parts A proof of this we have likewise from the stone Osteocolla which is very fitly administred in the fractures of the Bones where we find that the very bones themselves attract unto them the said Stone so that it is by experience found that from the overmuch use thereof there have grown forth Callous substances extraordinary great and unsightly of which see Gulielmus Fubricius in his first Century and Observat 91. And therefore I am of Opinion that in those places where this Disease is Epidemical the fault is in the Genius of the place and in the Waters which flow down from the mountains of Hungary into Polonia and in Bisgoia if this Disease be likewise familiar in that Region from the Alps which supplieth unto the hair an abundant Nutriment but unto al other parts of the body such an aliment as is altogether unuseful and which is worse very hurtful which when Nature expelleth unto the hairs the rest of the body is thereby freed from all other grief whatsoever and the hairs alone become vitious And I am the more confirmed in this my Opinion by what was related unto me by the aforesaid Illustrious Lord Count Nicolaus Sapieha that he knew a Boor in Polonia that by bathing Cured such as were troubled with this Disease by the use of which the first seven daies the sick persons became very hairy all their body over the hairs breaking forth in all parts which upon continuing the use of the same Bath for seven daies more fell off again and so the Diseased persons recovered their health And indeed that some Waters have in them an extraordinary and admirable virtues will every where appear unto us in the Writers of Naturall History So in the Alpes Styria and Carinthia by the fault of the Water the Tumors Bronchocelae and Strumae we cal this last being a swelling in the Neck the Kings Evil the former being a swelling in the throat are Natural and as it were bred together with the Inhabitants the vitious matter being thrust forth unto the Glandules in the Neck and into no other places And yet nevertheless I would not have it thought that I do hereby altogether exclude the Air which it must be confessed hath likewise a very great power in altering our bodies and it causeth that in these or those Regions and bodies these or those humors are generated Although it be likewise true that the said Air hath not this power from it self but that it receiveth the same from whose vapors that are lift up and raised from the Waters and out of the Earth which the Water washeth upon and passeth through And for this reason it is that this Malady is not general and Universal throughout the whole Kingdom of Polonia but only familiar unto some certain places thereof in regard that it alwaies spreadeth and rageth there and yet is not from thence dispersed into any other Regions and this Disease Hercules Saxonia acknowledgeth to be Endemick but he wil by no means have it to be Epidemick as we may see in the tenth Book of his Practice of Physick and Chap. 7. of Plica But we have already told you in the second Book of our Institutions Part 1. Chap. 11. that he did not wel understand and therefore could not rightly describe unto us the Nature of a Disease Epidemick and Endemick Now the said Matter is carried unto the hair not as some would have it in the form of vapors but together with the blood it self which as it is of all other parts so it is likewise the Nutriment of the hairs as we told above in the tenth Chapter Which appeareth even from hence that the hairs in the Plica if at any time they be cut they yield forth blood That notwithstanding what hath been said there are now and then some certain persons even in the neer neighboring Regions that are likewise troubled with this Disease this may possibly proceed either from the natural neer allied Genius of that place or else from the Parents For look as Arthritical persons beget the like so also it is not impossible but that those which are affected with the Plica may transfuse into their Issue a vitious disposition unto the generating of the same Disease and Experience teacheth us the truth of this The Son of the aforesaid Lord Count Sapieha when he was six yeers of age had at the first some few intangled Locks of hair among the hairs on his head and the same hath also happened unto others I knew a Souldier an old man that had a Plica in the hinder part of his Head who being demanded as touching the Cause of the Disease for he was a German and horn at Thuringia
unto my remembrance a certain Drink no doubt at the first brought thither out of Polonia that was much in use in my Country in the City Vratislavia and it is made of Bears-breech the vulgar cal it by the common Polonian name Barsiez or as the Germans pronounce it Barkech which those that are Feaverish and especially the great Drinkers after their excessive Cups the day before use in their broths and in their ordinary Drink to asswage their chirst Now it is made in this manner The Leaves of Bears-breech dried are boyled in a sufficient quantity of Water that the Decoction may get only a yellow and not a purple color Unto the Decoction there is added a little Leaven or Breâ—d twice baked made of the Pounder of Bears-â—â—ch with the sour Leaven of fine white Bread â—â—d then for some certain daies set in a warm place where it gets a boyling heat and fermentation until such time as it hath contracted a caste somwhat tart and sour But now whether or no this kind of Drink hath a power of doing any thing toward the expulsion of the matter in this Disease we are to consult with Experience And it is their part who live in those places to make publick those Medicaments that use hath taught them to be fit and profitable that so al their Experiences being conferr'd together there may at the length be composed a Method of Curing this Disease But in regard that the Plica hath some symptoms common with the Scurvy such as are the pains of the Limbs Cramps and the like and that the aforesaid illustrious Count Nicolaus Sapieha was affected with both those Diseases I think it not amiss therefore here to place the History of his Disease which wil add some light unto what we but even now spake touching the Plica and to what we have likewise before in the third Book of our Practice written concerning the Scurvy The History of the Disease of that Generous and Illustrious Lord Count Nicolaus Sapieha Earl of Coden Chief Standard-bearer of the great Dukedom of Lituania c. This Illustrious Count without doubt contracted this his Disease of the Plica in his own Country from the same common cause from whence the vulgar have it but as for the Scurvy he got it from the many Errors by him committed in his Dyet during his various troublesom Journeys throughout almost al Europe and from the Quartan Feaver that followed upon the same For when in the heat of Summer as himself related the story unto me he had travelled over the Pyrenean Mountains out of France into Spain and in this his Journey had drunk good store of Wine out of bladders that was corrupt and ful of Vermin the Autumn following in Spain he fel into a Quartan Ague The long continuance whereof having made him impatient and being quite tired out with the tediousness of a Methodical Cure he committed himself unto a certain Soldier for Cure who took some certain Cups of the strongest Spanish Wine and into the same he puâ—s the pouder of al sorts of sweet Spices and this Wine he gave him to drink not only to satiety but even to Ebriety until he had made him almost drunk by which be kindleth within him a continual Feaver which indeed lasted not long and quite took away the Quartan but yet nevertheless imprinted such a Dyscrasie in his Bowels and humors that shortly after the Scurvy followed thereupon With which being grievously afflicted at home in his own Country and yet notwithstanding so that he could not wel tel what the disease was he made a Journey unto Padua and there he committed himself for Cure unto the most Eminen Physitians of that University But yet he recovered not that health and strength that he had expected and hoped for and thereupon he is sent back again home into his own Countrey with this following Consilium which we may term a Direction Advice or Counsel The Advice of that most Famous and Eminent Doctor Johannes Prevotius Chief Professor of Physick in the University of Padua TOuching the manifold Diseases that this Noble person lieth under it is neither my purpose at large to treat of them since that I am not ignorant that they have already been discoursed of by some of the most Eminent Physitians in their long and learned Disputes neither indeed wil either the state and condition of mine own health not yet sufficiently confirmed permit the same nor likewise the health and safety so much desired by this illustrious person for whom I conceive that help and assistance is far more requisite than word â—nd tedious Discourses I shal therefore with al brevity state and determine the whol case and ingeâ—â—â—ly declare unto you my Opinion touching the same not that I may interpose my Judgment in opposition unto the Opinion of these grave and learned men but that I may in some measure gratifie the request of this eminent person and if I may any waies possibly be serviceable unto him in procuring his health that I may not in the least be wanting in the discharge of the Duty and Office of a Christian It seemeth therefore unto me that this illustrious Lord is disaffected with a twofold kind of Diseases the one of them most manifest depending upon Causes that are commonly known and confessed the other occult and secret the Causes whereof are as yet obscure neither seem they hitherto to be sufficiently expressed by any There is manifestly appearing a Catarrh of matter that is thick tenacious white oftentimes insipid and tastless and very rarely sharp and biting flowing and falling down unto the parts of the mouth and somtimes also unto the stomack There is moreover an exetraordinary pain of the lower belly returning afresh after long intervals and Cassations with an astriction and costiveness of the belly and a certain grievous and painful sense of extension and stretching about the Region of the Navel of the Hypochondria especially the left and somtimes also of the Loyns which indeed is wont in great part to cease upon the plentiful Evacuation of the Wind and a snotty kind of Excrement that comes from him To these we may add the Nephritick distemper and want of rest and sleep this latter being indeed very familiar and frequent with him for he usually passeth many whol nights together without sleep and the former to wit the distemper of the Kidneys hath now of a long time sorely troubled him with a redness and heat of his Urine and excretion of sand and gravel with his water The causes of al which Maladies it is most manifest that they are derived from the evil constitution of the internal Bowels and the excrements of several sorts from thence arising For the Brain being overmoist not without much weakness of the innate hear contracted by reason of a great wound he received in it at Paris engendereth much flegm there being added unto al this in a special manner the consent of
Sardonian Laughter wherin the sick persons die laughing For whereas the Diaphragm receiveth Nerves from the third and fourth vertebra of the Neck and that these are mingled with those smal branches that are propagated throughout the Muscles that move the Jawbones and the Lips if they suffer a Convulsion in that part by which they reach even unto the Diaphragm they then contract and draw together along with them those little branches of the Muscles of the face by which the Jawbones and the lips being involuntarily moved to and fro hither and theither cause a resemblance and seeming appearance of laughter which Hippocrates in the 5 of his Epidem accounteth among those signs that are deadly by the Example of Tycho whom he bringeth in for an instance And yet nevertheless neither are those very wounds that are also in the nervous part of the Diaphragm alwaies mortal so far forth indeed that the party wounded in that place must of necessity presently die albeit we grant it to be a thing altogether impossible that those who are thus wounded should ever be perfectly cured or live long in that manner A notable instance and history of this which I have likewise before related in the second Book of my Institutions part 2. Chap. 13. and in the second Book of my Pract. Part. 2. Ch. 15. was given me by my Father in law Doctor Andreas Schato somtimes Physick Professor in this University of Witteberg which I must not here in this place pass over in silence Take it therefore thus In the year 1582 the 20. of September a certain Student by name Henricus Euscherhovius returning out of the lower Saxony unto Witteberg and much addicted to Melancholy before the gate ran himself through with his own sword But yet notwithstanding with in two monthes he was cured of this wound But the yeer following the 28. of April he began again to be much amiss and the days following he vomited very often first a certain water and whatsoever food he had eaten then after that such things as were green and at length on the second of May his vomitings were altogether black and that in very great abundance and so after the last vomit the same second day of May he died We opened his Body and there we found that the wound had penetrated thorow the Lungs and the Diaphragm and as it seemed to us the Diaphragm was run thorow in the Nervous circle We found very little or nothing of his Lungs on the left side that was run thorow but only a very smal portion thereof which stuck above unto the short Ribs the rest of it no doubt had gone forth thorow the wound together with the purulent matter The whole stomack was ascended into the left side of the Thorax and it had driven the Heart with its Case out of its proper place into the right side where while he was yet alive and after the wound was restored unto a good degree of health he would wish us to observe the motion of his heart by putting our hands there An instance not much unlike unto this we have in Ambrosius Paraeus his ninth Book And Chapt. 30. Of a certain Captain that was by a bullet shot out of an hand-gun wounded and shot quit thorow the Diaphragm but it was in the fleshly part thereof who dying eight months after this wound received we found in his dead body when we had opened it that a very great part of the Gut Colon being puffed and swoln up with much wind had thorow the wound of the Diaphragm gotten up into his Thorax VVounds of the Stomack Seventhly As for the wounds of the Stomack for the most part they are not to be recounted in the number of the wounds simply Mortal and which suddenly strangle and destroy a man since that we have every where exstant examples of wounds in the stomack that have been cured That History is generally wel knowen which is related both by Julius Alexandrius in the fourth chapter of his sixth Book of Galen his Therapeutick method and likewise by Matthias Cornax in his Epist in answer unto Dr. Aegid Hertogh of a certain Bohemian Boor who received a wound in his stomack and that from a broad hunting spear and yet notwithstanding lived a long while after this story we told you a little before and therefore shall say no more of it here Neither is that other history unknown of a certain Boor in Bohemia which as others have related it so we find it likewise mentioned by Crollius in the preface to his Basilica Chimica in these very words In the year 1602. at Prague in the new Town we saw a certain Bohemian Boor by name Matthaeus about thirty six years old who for two years together by an admirable and unheard of dexterity that he had in his throat would oftentimes in the company of his drunken companions hide in his wide throat as it were in a sheath an Iron knife of a fit size First of al thrusting in the horn haft thereof with the wonted sleight of a Jugler drinking upon it a large draught of beer that they gave him for this purpose and afterward he would pul it back again by the point thereof at his pleasure by a singular art and dexterity that he had but at length the morrow after Easter I know not by what unhappy and mad rashness of his he had swallowed it so far down that it wholly descended into his stomack and could no more by al his art and cunning be from thence drawn back And after that half dead in a manner with the apprehension of death undoubtedly and suddenly to follow he had lodged in his stomack the said knife seven wol weeks and two days by the use and help of attractive emplasters of the Loadstone and other the like the point of the knife by a natural impulse began to make its way forth neer unto the orifice of the stomack which was no sooner perceived by the patient but he instantly and earnestly requested of the Chirurgeons who notwithstanding disswaded him from it by reason of the extream hazard of his life thereby that it might by cutting be drawn forth Which at the length upon his continual importunate desires and yet not untill such time as he was come unto a most desperate Condition both in respect of his poverty and weakness was yielded unto and the business undertaken by the principal Chirurgeon both of the kingdom and that City Florianus Matthias by name a Brandeburger on the thursday after the feast of Pentecost at seven of the clock in the morning and by him with Gods assistance it was happily effected The colour of the knife after he had cut it forth it being as long as nine thumbs in breadth was so changed in his stomack as if it had layn all that while in the fire and was immediatly laid up among the Rarities of the Emperour having been first shewn a thing most strange incredible and
likewise the Oyl of St. Johns-wort The Oyl of St. Johns-wort invented by Magatus of his own invention which is thus with much labor and pains to be made Take the Tops of St. Johns-wort three handfuls Adders Tongue the greater Consound and Horse-Tail of each one handful white Wine well scented and strong five pints let the Herbs be bruised and macerated in the said Wine for the space of twenty four hours the mouth of the Vessel being carefully and close stopt and then making an expression and straining what is so pressed forth take the like Quantity of the said Herbs and let there be a second infusion and after that a third The last infusion being made and the liquor pressed forth and strained Add then unto the white Wine Of old Oyl six pound the Tops of St. Johns-wort two handfuls Adders Tongue the Herb commonly called Meddow-sweet or Regina prati the greater Consound and Carduus Benedict of each one handful the Root of white Dittany the greater Consound Birth-wort Tormentile Bistort of each half an ounce Scarlet Grain or Chermes Berry two drams Seeds of St. Johns-wort six drams and mingle them Having bruised those things that are to be bruised let them be macerated in Balneo in hot boyling water the mouth of the Vessel being well stopt for twenty four hours and afterwards let them boyl in a double Vessel tel the Wine be consumed and then pressing and wringing forth the Liquor and straining it through a bag first well moistned in the best white Wine Add thereunto The Tops St. Johns-wort two handfuls Adders Tongue the Herb Meddow-sweet Consound Woodroof which the Latine Herbarists call Matrisylva of each one handful mingle them The Herbs being bruised and an infusion made in a Bath of scalding hot Water or in Balneo Mariae for twenty four hours and after this an expression being made and the Liquor strained as before take the like quantity of the aforesaid Herbs and make another infusion as above and so a third and the last expression and straining being made add to the Oyl Leaves of St Johns-wort two handfuls Betony Pimpernel Mous-Ear the Herb Trinity of each one Handful of these make three infusions as above the last expression being made and the liquor strained Add unto the Oyl Of the smallest Leaves of St. Johns-wort two handfuls Consound the lesser Centaury white Briony Periwinkle of each one handful and here likewise let there be three infusions in this manner Let the Vessel which ought to be of Glass be set in the Sun for three daies and the fourth day let it be kept in Balneum of Scalding hot Water and there let it continue for twenty four hours and afterwards make an expression and strain it and unto the Oyl let there again be added The smal Leaves of St. Johns-wort that have attained unto their ful ripeness three handfuls Centaury the less one handful the fruit of the Balsam Tree in Numb 6. And then do as before The last expression being made and the straining likewise Add unto the Oyl Dittany of Crete one ounce Roots of white Dittany and the greater Consound Birthwort Orace of Illyria Bistort Tormentil of each six drams Scarlet Grain two drams Make three infusions after this manner set the Vessel in the Sun for six daies after that for two daies let it be kept in a Balneum of boyling hot water then press forth the Liquor and strain it and thus do three times as above and in the end the last expression being made and strained Add unto the Oyl The distilled Oyl of Turpentine of the Gum or sweat of the Fir-Tree of each half a pound Seed of St. Johns-wort one ounce Root of Consound Birthwort white Dittany Tormentil Bistort Orace of each two ounces Scarlet Grain one ounce Mirrh and Frankincense of each one ounce and half Sarcocol Gum Junip Aloes of each half an ounce Apples of the Balsam Tree twelve in Numb Balsam of Peru two ounces slice the Apples and bruise all the rest mingling them with the Oyl and let the Vessel be kept all the Winter time under Horse Dung then take it forth and press out the liquor and straining it keep it for your use in a Glass vessel the mouth thereof being close stopt The vulnerary Balsam of Magatus The Vulnerary Balsam of Magatus Take Gum Elemi four ounces Balsam of Peru three ounces Gum Tacamahaca Gum Carranna the liquor conteyned in the little bladders of the Elm of each two ounces oyl of Bayes Styrax liquid Myrrh of each one ounce and half White Frankincense Gum Hedera of each one ounce the sweet smelling Laser Ladanum Styrax Calamite the fattest you can get Ammoniacum Bedellium Opopanax Galbanum Sarcocoll of each six drams Roots of Birthwort Master-wort Angelica White Dittany Consound Acorus Orace Tormentill Bistort the seeds of St. Johns Wort of the Citron Citron rind of each half an ounce Cinnamom Cloves Nutmegs and Mace of each one ounce Mastick Aloes Dragons blood Scarlet Grain of each half an ounce Cretan Dittany one ounce the oyl of the oyle Nut Ben three ounces Juiniper Berries an ounce and half Wax one ounce Rosin of the Pine one ounce and half Cleer Turpentine Gum of the fir tree of each one pound and half the best strong water six pints Mingle them the Gums being exactly melted they may be melted apart by themselves with some of the Turpentine and the rest that are more drie beaten and bruised in a gross manner into a powder and then let them all be cast together into a Retort which may be kept for three days in a Balneum of Boyling hot water then let it be luted and kept in the hot water untill the Clay be throughly dryed afterwards by a fire of Ashes or embers let the oyl be drawn forth in an Artific al manner now first there will come forth a certain water which I call the water of Balsam and it is to be kept by it self and then the oyl which we call Balsam The oyl of St. Johns Wort is here likewise of singular use and it is thus to be prepared Take the Tops of St. Johns wort fully ripe Oyl of St. Johns Wort. three ounces Macerate them for three days in sweet smelling Wine and then let them boyl in a double vessel stopping close the mouth thereof after this let them be squeezed hard and the liquor pressed forth then let a like weight of fresh St. Johns wort be cast into it let it be again Macerated boyled and pressed forth let this be thrice done and if the wine be diminished add other instead thereof after this Take Turpentine three ounces old cleer oyl six ounces Saffron one pound boyl them in a double vessel unto the wasting a way of the wine and then make an expression and when you have purged the oyl from all its setling reserve it for your use The Balsam following is greatly commended by Dr. Raimundus Mindererus The Balsam of
with the Blood oftentimes burnt and yet nevertheless the sick person doth not hereupon feel any pain or suffer any damage whatsoever And furthermore we say that they attribute unto this Unguent things altogether impossible and those virtues all which are never to be found in any one Natural Medicament For they affirm that by this Unguent may be Cured all wounds whatever whether inflicted by downright cutting or pricking by a fal or any thing cast at the party But great is the diversity of Wounds according to the various Circumstances that attend them and therefore there is not required one only Medicament but divers Medicaments are required unto the Curing of them A Wound inflicted by a sharp and keen Weapon is Cured without the generating of much Pus but in that which is from a blunt Weapon whatsoever is bruised must of necessity al of it convert into Pus And there is also an exceeding great difference of the parts In a fleshy part especially when the man is of a sound and healthy Constitution the Wound is easily Cured but much harder is that Wound to be cured that is inflicted upon the Brain Nerves Tendons and Ligaments especially the greater ones such as are those in the Hams They promise the Patient likewise that the Cure of the Wound shal be altogether without pain which in all parts to perform is a thing altogether impossible For certainly if a Nerve be prickt there is no man that can make good his promise that here in this no pain shall afflict the Party And that we may now conclude whatsoever may be further said in this Controversie the Curing of the Wound that is ascribed unto this Weapon-Salve as hath been said is for the most part to be a attributed unto Nature whose work alone it is to Cure not only light and trivial Wounds but oftentimes also Wounds most grievous and ful of danger Which appeareth even from this that there are so many several desciptions given us of this Unguent and that there have been some who instead of this compound Weapon-Salve have made use of Lard only or Hogs fat and yet notwithstanding the Wound have been Cured which Johannes Colerius testifieth as before we alleadged him that he himself had seen as we may find it in the before cited place of his Oeconomicks But now if upon the administring of this Medicament some most grievous Wound shal be healed which may seem altogether to transcend the power of Nature this cometh to pass by the power of the Devil himself drawn thereunto by some compact either explicite or implicite Neither is the suspition hereof any waies to be lessened or removed by what is said by some to wit that all the simples that make up the Composition of this Medicament Unguent or as it is commonly called Weapon-Salve are all of them altogether Natural and that in the Composition hereof or the anoynting therewith there are neither Characters nor Conjurations nor Charms and Inchantments made use of For the Devil doth oftentimes hide and conceal the Compact that he makes not only under Characters and Consecrations or a certain form of words but likewise even under things Natural if at his command which is done indeed in the first and explicite Compact wherein others that administer and apply the same things implicitely and inconsiderately may likewise involve themselves things that are Natural be made use of for other purposes then what they were Created for by God and oftentimes Diabolical and Magical Actions are concealed and obtruded under the veil of Magnetick Actions And therefore although it be granted that by this Unguent the wounded person is healed which yet nevertheless is as we have said wrought by the benefit of Nature yet it is not impossible but that the Devil that he may destroy the Soul by Gods permission in many things may help the Body after a certain manner yet it is very Credible in regard that he is the implacable enemy of Mankinde and evermore ready and provided to do them all manner of hurt and mischief that he may seduce and draw men as far as lieth in his power from God the Creator and Author of all good and from the Means by him ordained unto things superstitious and unwarrantable practises Chap. 11. Of Altering Medicaments and Vulnerary Potions VVE told you before that there are two sorts of Medicaments that are made use of in the Curing of Wounds external and internal Touching the external we have hitherto spoken we will therefore now in this Chapter handle the internal Now those are of two Sorts some only altering and some in special called vulnerary Altering Medicaments are Coolers Thickners and such as are but lightly lest they might otherwise breed obstructions Astringent which are to this end administred that they may hinder the Humors that they easily wax not hot become fluxile and receive a putridness And such are made of Succory Endive Sorrel Plantane Tormentil Roses Purslane Water Lilly Borrage Saunders Juyce of Citron Juyce of Pome-Granates Harts-Horn Margarites and Coralls out of which there are made Decoctions distilled Waters Syrups Electuaries and Potions Whether Vulnerary potions are to be made use of And moreover there are made use of certain Medicaments potions more espcially that are termed vulnerary Touching which notwithstanding Authors differ amongst themselves For some of them among whom is Balduinus Roussaeus in his Medicinal Epistles Epist 66. do indeed admit of them in those wounded parts unto which these kinde of Potions do reach as the Gullet Stomack and Intestines and then they have in a manner the place of Topick Medicaments but in the external parts they reject them The Nagative for these Causes First Because that in the writings of Hippocrates and the Ancient Physitians they finde no mention made of these vulnerary potions Secondly because that by Reason of the distance of the Scituation they will not beleeve that these potions can possibly penetrate unto the extream Limbs or the Head nor yet unto the greater and thicker Guts unto which therefore when they are wounded Medicaments may more commodiously be injected by Clysters then given to drink yea they conceive that those Astringents that for the most part are mingled therewith may hinder that those Medicaments may not penetrate unto the more deep and inward parts Thirdly Because thac there is a great difference between the Medicaments out of which these potions are prepared since that some of them are hot and opening as Betony Speed-well Mugwort Avens Carduus Benedictus c. as also Cold and Astringent as great Comfrey Winter green Hors-Tail Burnet Tormentil c. So that it doth not sufficiently appear of what faculty the Medicaments ought to be out of which these potions are prepared and what virtues these potions have in them Fourthly whenas yet notwithstanding they are most of them Astringent they think that being administred they bring more hurt then good and benefit unto the Patient in regard that
above propounded and set down in the first part Chap. 5. among the defensives in an inflammation The Medicament being layd on the part is to be bound up with a swath that may bind close the vein toward the root thereof and the ligature is not to be loosned before the third or fourth day or indeed it is not to be untyed until the blood be throughly stanched Avicen in his Quart Quarti tr 2. Chapt. 18. tells us of this following medicament that hath in it not only a power of burning but likewise an astringent faculty and a virtue also to generate and breed flesh As Take Chalcanthum Parget made into a very fine powder and sifted thorow a hayr steve of each twenty drams Frankincense powdered six drams Aloes dry Glue of each eight drams Arsenick four drams I had rather here take Mâ—rcury sublimate in regard that many who are ignorant of things Chymical and Metallick of ten times when sublimate in general is mentioned and Mercury sublimate is evermore to be understood there instead thereof these do substitute and appoint Arsenick let them be al beaten into a very fine and smal powder made up in a liniment and imposed upon the orifice of the vessel Some there are that unto this Medicament do add Dragons blood and the excrescence Hypocistis But those internal medicaments that stanch blood are either such as cool and thicken the blood or else they are those we cal Narcoticks The coolers and thickners are prepared of Myrtle Roses Purslane Lettice Berberries Ribes Succory Quinces Pomgranates Tormentil Corals Bolearmenick Sealed Earth Out of which may be made Powders Waters Syrups and from these potions and Electuaries There are likewise some certain things that are sayd to stay the blood by an occult and secret property and thus Strawberry Water is much Commended in al haemorrhages And the Root of Corn-rose or Cockle held under the tongue stoppeth the hemorrhage And some there be that for this purpose commend unto us the roots of that Cichory that hath a white flower And some there are that order the Patient to hold in his hand the Jasper Stone or the Blood Stone Stupefactives are not over commonly to be administred neither indeed at all unless the strength remain firm and entire for fear lest that the powers being already much weakned and fayling by reason of the over great loss of blood should by these stupefactives be farther dejected but if the Patients strength wil admit of it then we may administer one grain or two at the most of Opiat Laudanum But now that the blood when it is stanched may so remain for this the situation of the wounded part maketh very much which ought to be such that the Member may look upward and be free from all pain For pain doth very easily attract the blood and cause it to break forth again and the blood doth more easily flow unto a declining and downward place If yet the blood by this means be not stanched they tell us that we are then to cast upon the vessel pouring forth the blood somthing to tye it withal and especially toward the root thereof by which the branch looks toward the Liver or the Heart and that the veins or Arteryes are to be made naked and bare to be layd hold on with a hook and then presently with a thread of silk especially to be tyed and the thread to be drawn very hard and close upon them and then they appoint that the wound be filled up with flesh before the bond be quite taken off For if the flesh shal not first of al have filled up the place that is about the vessel and have shut the very orifice of the vessel it self the bond falling off the haemorrhage wil again easily follow But the truth is that these things are more easily required and commanded then they are put in practice performed If a vein or an Artery wounded pouring forth blood be wholly cut assunder the blood is then the more easily stanched for the vessel is drawn back and on both sides contracted within it self and so its orifice is covered and shut up by the bodies that lie round about it But the best safest and most easie way if it be rightly ordered of stanching the blood is that which is wrought by Medicaments that stop and stay the Blood and shut up the orifice thereof as they were before propounded by us When the Blood shal be stopt the Wound is scarcely to be opened before the third day And if the Wound be unbound yet notwithstanding if there be yet any further fear of the Bloods breaking forth again the Medicament is not wholly to be taken away if it be not as yet moystened and vitiated by the purulent and sanious matter But if by these it be made so moist that it is ready of it self to drop off another is in this case to be laid on if there be yet any further flux of blood feared And yet notwithstanding we are herein to deal very Cautiously and with all manner of Circumspection and with the one hand that part of the Vessel toward the Root thereof is to be pressed down close together that so the flux of blood may be restrained and with the other hand the Medicament is to betaken off the moist Wound to be clean and dried and a new Medicament laid on But now if the internal Vessels shall be so wounded that they can neither be tied together by any ligature neither yet obstruâ—â—ed and shut up by any Medicaments laid thereon then Medicaments out of those things that have in them a virtue to cool and thicken the Blood and which were but even now mentioned by us are to be provided and a Dyet that is like and answerable thereunto as we have said is to be prescribed Now when the blood shal be fully stanched and shall become clotted then we must use the best of our endeavour to prevent the putrefying of it but that it be rather dissolved which in what manner it is to be performed we have declared before in the 2. Book Part 2. Chap. 6. and above in the first Part and 16. Chap. where what we have written may be seen at large for in this Chapter it is our purpose only to treat of the stanching of the Haemorrhages of Wounds The Dyet The Dyet is likewise so to be ordained that it may stop and stanch the Blood and to this end Meats are to be provided of Rice of Amylum or the fine flour of Wheat Barley Pears Ribes Quinces Services Medlars Lettice Endive The Patient ought to abstain from Wine He must likewise keep himself from Rage and Anger all Commotion of the Minde and over vehement motion and Exercise of the Body and therefore his Adversary that gave him the Wound is not to be admitted into the Room where the Patient is Chap. 15. Of the Wounds of the Nerves and Tendons in general and of the pricking of the
Corpulent and his Shoulder that he had broken being not possibly to be bound up in a right manner and hard enough and he in the night time sleeping very unquietly and continually turning himself in his bed and moreover by reason of his extraordinary sweating in his Shoulder the Medicaments applied thereto being continually kept so wet and moist that they could not stick close enough to put forth their virtue the bones could not be consolidated nor brought to grow fast and firm together but they lay at a certain distance one from the other But now such Fractures as these are afterward very hardly to be cured unless it be so that they are new and of no long standing in which the usual way of Curing is to be administred and the Osteocolla Stone to be given the Patient as we have already shewn you how and in what manner of which very thing we finde an example in Guilhelmus Fabricius his third Cent. Observat 90. in regard that a Callus is drawn over the extremities of the broken bones by reason of which the bones can no more be brought to grow together Yet some there are that think that such inveterate Fractures as these may likewise be Cured And Cornelius Celsus in his 8. B. and 10. Chapt. writeth of them in these very words If saith he the Fracture to wit of the bones that grow not well together be inveterate the Member is then to be extended that it may be somthing hurt The bones are with the Hand to be divided one from the other that by coming together again they may be exasperated so that if there be any thing fat it may by this means be taken away and that it may wholly become new as it were and yet great care ought here to be had that the Nerves and Muscles be not hurt And then the Member is to be fomented with Wine in which Pomegranate Rinds have been boyled and the same is likewise to be laid on mingled with the white of an Egge The third day it is to be loosened and fomented with Water in which Vervein hath been boyled On the fifth day the like is to be done and Splinters are to be placed round about it And as for all the rest that is to be done both before and after it is the very same that we wrote before But this way of Curing is very dangerous and which Celsus himself likewise feareth by thus doing the Nerves and Muscles may easily be hurt and thereupon an Inflammation or Convulsion excited Chap. 8. Of the Fracture of the Arm. ANd thus much in general may suffice to have been spoken touching Fractures But now because that the bones which are broken are various and in regard that according to the variety of the broken bones the Cure doth somthing differ we shal now therefote speak somthing of Fractures in their species and particularly But as for the rest of the differences in regard that they make very little or nothing at all either for the knowledg or Cure and that all that may be said of them is conteined in those things which we have hitherto spoken of Fractures in general we shall therefore pass them over and shall treat only of those differences that are taken from the subject and the diversity of those broken bones And because that very frequently the Arm Shoulder Leg and Thigh are broken we shall therefore in the first place speak of them and afterwards we intend to treat likewise of the Fractures of the rest of the bones And indeed as touching the Fracture of the Arm The Fracture of the Arm in regard that the Arm together with the Hand is the Organ or Instrument of laying hold on things and of many labors and is likewise exposed unto external injuries it is wont to be often broken Now the Arm or that part which is from the Shoulder to the Wrist consisteth of two bones of which the greater that lieth lowermost is called Cubitus or Vlna but the less which lieth above the Elbow is termed Radius Now somtimes both these bones are broken and somtimes but only one of them Prognosticks 1. The Fracture of the Arm is more easily Cured when but only one of the bones is broken then when they are both broken as we told you above in the first Chapt. and sixth Prognost 2. If only one of these Arm-bones be broken the Cure is more easie if the upper bone or Radius then if the lower bone or Cubitus be broken for the upper needeth less extension then the lower and if the lower to wit the Cubitus be preserved sound it serveth instead of a Basis and prop as it were to keep the broken bone from being moved out of its place And Secondly Because that it is more easie to be set in its place again unless it be in that part next the Hand And thirdly Because that the Elbow bone being kept safe and sound it is carried more safely in the Scarf or Linen Swathe 3. But the worst Fracture of all is if both the bones be broken together For first of all they have no prop nor any thing at all to sustain them And then again Secondly They need a greater Extension since that the Nerves and Muscles are more contracted toward the place from whence they spring in regard that there is nothing whereby when they are extended they may be so kept And Thirdly because that the neer neighbouring parts aâ—e more hurt 4. But now the bones of the Arm are for the most part made to grow together within thirty daies although as we said before there may be great difference in the Age and Nature of the Patients The Cure Whatsoever things they are that are required unto the Curing of the Fractures of the other parts they are here likewise necessary But as for the Extension there is less need of strength and force when the Radius is broken then when the Cubitus or Elbow is broken but the greatest need of all when both the bones are broken And indeed if both the bones are broken the Extension that is made ought to be equal but if only one of the two bones be broken the greatest and strongest Extension ought to be in that part where the bone is broken The Extension being made the broken bone is again to be directed into its proper place and there set fast The broken bone being thus replaced the Fracture as we told you before is in a convenient manner to be bound up and rowled about with Swathes and all other things are here to be performed that were before spoken of in the Cure of a Fracture in general and then at length the Arm is to be fitly placed and Scituaced And indeed as Hippocrates adviseth in his first B. of Fractures Text 22. in the placing thereof there is great care to be had that the Hand be not lower then the Elbow lest that if the Arm hang down the Blood should flow toward