dram to be strewed upon burning coals Take Gum of Ivie Of the more strong Frankincense of each two drams Flower of Brimstone one dram and half Mastich one dram with a dissolution of gum Tragacanth form Troches Take of white Amber Arsenicals Olibanum of each two drams prepared Orpiment half an Ounce Styrax Labdanum of each one dram and half with solution of Gum tragacanth make Troches for fumigation Mountebanks do ordinarily prescribe the smoak of Arsnick to be suckt into the mouth Smoak of Auripigment like Tobacco kindled in a Pipe and sometimes with good success Moreover it is in practice with the Vulgar to burn like Tobacco in a Pipe little bits of cloth stained with Arsenick such as wherewith the walls of Taverns are hung and so suck the smoak into the consumptive Lungs for cure 3. Of a confirm'd Consumption These things being thus unfolded concerning a Cough and a Phthisis beginning both as to what belongs to the Pathologie and cure it remains now lastly to discourse of a more painfull Phthisis confirm'd and almost desperate and to consult what is to be perform'd when the lungs being very much vitiated and affected with one or more filthy ulcers neither the air nor the blood do rightly pass through them but choak or corrupt the mass thereof by continually suggesting filthy corruption insomuch that a hectick feaver and an Atrophie by reason of nourishment being frustrated infest the diseased with the loss of all their faculties and by daily weakening their strength precipitate them to the grave The most certain sign of this disease growing desperate uses to be accounted a pain very troublesome with an inflammation of the throat for this symptom argues a great putrefaction of the lungs from whence the putrid effluvia's exhaling are thrown about in the narrow passage of the throat The formal reason thereof which wound and grievously irritate those tender fibres there In this case the cleansing of the lungs as also the drying up of the Ulcer are in vain designed for all hotter Medicines ordain'd for those purposes and fit enough in the beginning of a Phthisis are not to be endured in a confirmed one inasmuch as augmenting the inflammation of the lungs they procure a hectick feaver thirst wathings and other more painfull symptomes or call them back afresh For truly in such a state of this disease where onely the prolongation of life is proposed with a light toleration and an easie death those remedies help chiefly which bridle the fervour of the blood allay the heat in the Praecordia and restore the sprits and gently cherish them Hence for food Asses Milk also Water-gruel Barly-broths Cream of Barly and for drink Ptisan Emulsions water of milk distilled with Snails and temperate pectoral herbs are usually of greatest success Forms of remedies in a desperate Consumption Syrups and Linctus's which appease the inflammation of the throat and Lungs and facilitate expectoration but chiefly the more mild Hypnoticks whereby moderate rest may be procured may be frequently or daily taken The forms of these are common enough but however according to our method we will annex some of the more select of each kind Take of Barly half an ounce Decoctions candied Eringo roots 6 drams parings of Apples one handfull Raisins stoned two ounces Liquorish three drams boyl them in three pints of spring-water to two make a Ptisan to restrain thirst take it 3 or 4 times a day also in the room of ordinary drink if it agree Take the tayls of twenty Crevises candied Eringo roots one ounce a crust of white-bread Raisins stoned two ounces Liquorish 3 drams boyl them in 3 pints of Spring-water to two strain it and take 3 or 4 ounces three times a day After the same manner is prepared the Decoction of Snails Take of Snails half-boyled and cut three pound Distilled waters ground-Ivy 6 handfulls Nutmegs sliced numb 6. crum of white-bread two pound fresh milk 8 pounds distill it in a Pewter Still The same way is distilled the water of Crevise-tayls The dose 3 or 4 ounces three times a day Hypnoticks sweetned with pearl'd Sugar or Sugar of Roses Take ears of greeen Wheat as many as convenient distill them in a common still drink three or four ounces three times a day sweeten'd with pearl'd Sugar Take syrup de Meconio three ounces water of green Wheat 6 ounces mix them Hypnoticks drink two or three spoonfulls at bed-time every or every other night Take Conserve of Mallow-flowers wild or garden three ounces Lohoch de pino two ounces Eclegma's Syrup of Jujubes two ounces make a Lohoch of which take often a dram and half or two drams What hitherto we have discoursed of concerning a Cough of every kind whether it be solitary and simple or the forerunner and companion of a Phthisis also what is to be prescrib'd in every case touching the method of healing it would be easily illustrated by the history of Cures or by the Anatomical observations on those that have dyed by that disease For instances of this sort and very many examples are every where had and happen daily it pleases us here to annex a few of the more select out of the large choice of these accommodated to the chief kinds of a Cough and Phthisis And first I will endeavour to illustrate the type of a simple Cough by one history or two and which takes its rise of it self and is altogether void of the suspicion of a Phthisis It is now many years since I took care of the health of a certain Student The History of a Cough threatening a Consumption obnoxious to a Cough from his tender years and who was wont frequently to undergo the more painfull affections of it and those of long continuance This person seemed of a melancholick temper of a sharp wit of an indefatigable spirit of a constitution indifferently strong but that his Lungs originally being infirm did suffer when the blood dissolv'd into serosities In Summer as long as he transpired freely he lived healthily enough but in the Spring and Autumn when the blood changing its temperament those serous fluxes came upon him either of their own accord or from any sleight occasion he fell easily into a Cough with abundant and thick spittle notwithstanding this distemper frequently within six or seven dayes as soon as the mass of blood was purged throughly by the Lungs vanished leisurely without any great use of remedies But if to the aforesaid occasions of this disease were added some stronger causes as chiefly the obstruction of the pores and errors touching his diet sometimes a more prodigious and stubborn cough neither presently nor easily yielding to remedies and threatning nothing less than a Phthisis did come upon him then manifestly the patient for the first days suffered light shiverings in his whole body and the sense of a Catarrh in his Larynx afterwards by frequent
are Necklaces of Blood-stone hung about the Neck also the moss of a humane Skull carryed in the hand Epithemes of the leaves of Nettles bruised and applyed to the soles of the feet and the Palms of the hands the Empirical administrations of which kind when they may be administred without trouble or cost we make no refusal of since in a dangerous case every thing is to be attempted and applications of that sort do help sometimes in respect that they fortifie the imagination of the patient While such like outward Administrations are used Topicks closing the mouths of the Vessels for repressing or calling aside the flux of blood out of the Nostrils also other Topicks are put up into the Nostrils which may shut the gaping mouths of the vessels for which use the injections of liquid things Pledgets Powders to be blown in and Fumes are wont to be prescribed which not helping in the last place we descend to Escharoticks Ninthly 6. Escharoticks The injection of Vitriol water Among Liquids not only first but as good as all others is esteemed the solution of Vitriol in fountain-Fountain-water Some boast this for a great secret and a most certain Remedy Indeed the same being applyed to a fresh wound forasmuch as it shuts the ends of the cut vessels by wrinkling them up it restrains and presently stops the flux of blood But that application in Hemorrhages of the Nostrils where the blood being brought to the gaping mouths of the little Arteries ought to be received by the Veins in regard it shuts them as well or rather than those it succeeds little and sometimes not at all as I have known it frequently experimented This Medicine is prepared of Green Vitriol viz. of Hungary or of our Countrey also of the fictitious Vitriol of Mars dissolved in a sufficient quantity of Spring-water I know some commend the solution of Roman Vitriol which they not only apply by injection but also to a linnen cloath dipt in the blood are wont to administer it sympathetically Moreover the water of the infusion of white Vitriol prepared with Bole and Camphire I have known to be used successefully as well in wounds as often in other Hemorrhagies Tenthly 10. Pledgets Since water cast into the Nostrils doth not adhere enough to the mouths of the Vessels but is washed away by the breaking out of the blood before it can exert its Virtue it is therefore more expedient either that a Styptick powder be blown in or that a Pledget dipt in the water of Vitriol either by it self or strewed with an astringent powder be thrust into the upper part of the Nostril For this purpose many and several kinds of styptick powders have been prescribed I have frequently used either Crocus Martis calcin'd to the highest redness or the powder of Camphorated Vitriol or the vitriolic Soot scrap't from the bottom of an old Brass Pot the powder whereof I have often used with success in this case In obstinate Hemorrhagies not yielding to other remedies let Pledgets whose tops are dipt in Caustick Colcothar be put up deep into the Nostrils that the mouths of the Vessels being burnt and covered with an Eschar all flux of blood may be presently stopt Many other Errhines to stop bleeding are accounted famous with Practitioners Hogs-dung as Hogs-dung thrust into the Nostrils which by the meer ill savour is thought to repell the blood also the smoak of Blood dropping on hot Iron Burnt Blood repercuss'd into the Nose the Powder being burnt is also taken inwardly The moss of a humane Skull unburied put into the Nostrils is commended by many for this effect but these latter applications ought to be referred to the sympathetick Aetiologie if they avail any thing These things concerning outward Remedies stopping blood the vertue and efficacy of which ought at the same time to be promoted by intern Remedies seasonably exhibited and cooperating Therefore a slender Diet being instituted Inward Remedyes whereof are two intentions and the Patient ordered to keep himself in an upright posture or not much supine while the aforesaid Administrations are orderly administred medicines appropriated to the same end are also prescribed to be taken inwardly There will be two scopes of Remedies of this sort viz. 1. That the effervescency of Blood whether incentive or fermentative being suppressed the liquor thereof being restrained within the vessels may pleasingly circulate 2. That the more impetuous motion of the heart driving about the blood too rapidly may be dedpressed by apt Sufflamina's 1. 1. Things appeasing the effervescency of the blood The first Intention requires Medicines that suppress the too much kindling of the blood and appease the undue fermentation thereof for which intents I usually prescribe the ensuing Remedies Take of the water of Plantane red Poppy Purslain and frog-Spawn Juleps of each four ounces Syrup of water-Lillies two ounces Sal Prunella one dram mix them for a Julep the dose three ounces three or four times a day Take Barly-water two pound Red-rose leaves one handfull Tinctures Spirit of Vitriol what suffices to make it gratefull or about half a dram make an Infusion warm for extracting the Tincture adde Syrup of St. John ' s-wort two ounces the dose three or four ounces as oft as they please day or night Take leaves of stinging Nettles of Plantane of each three handfuls pour upon them being bruised Plantane-water 6 ounces press them strongly let the strained liquor be taken 2. For the second Intention to wit 2. Intention to cool the motion of the Heart for the cooling of the heart too vehemently beating Hypnoticks and Opiates are convenient Take water of red Poppies three ounces Is done by Hypnoticks Syrup of Diacodium half an ounce make a draught to take at night Or Take Conserve of red Roses an ounce and a half Powder of Henbane and white Poppy-seeds of each two drams Syrup of Poppyes enough to make an Opiate The dose the quantity of a Nutmeg every six or eight hours Take of Laudanum Cydoniatum one dram the dose fifteen drops twice a day in a convenient Vehicle These things touching an immoderate Hemorrhage and the Remedies thereof Of a Hemorrhage in a malignant Feaver when it happens without a Feaver but that which coming in a feaver ought to be stopt in regard of the too great loss of Blood is either Critical making an immoderate excursion by reason of some accident for which the Method and Medicines even now prescribed with caution and respect had to the Feaver may be accommodated or meerly Symptomatical which being excited in a malignant and Spotted Feaver Small-pox Measles or the Plague neither scarcely can nor ought to be stopt with the Remedies above recited For letting of blood is not convenient repelling Topicks also cooling Juleps or Decoctions and Narcoticks have no place here The chief intention of Healing will be to change the Hemorrhage into Sweating for a gentle Sweat
may be some-how shut 1. That the blood may not flow to the part distempered 1. It stops the flux of blood there are many intentions of healing in use viz. it will be requisite to diminish the abundance of blood to restrain the boiling thereof to alter the intemperament and depress its motion or divert it another way for which purposes Phlebotomy Ligatures and Frictions are often convenient also Juleps Decoctions Emulsious and succulent Expressions of Herbs ought to be drunk Likewise moderate Hypnotics and in the first place Diacodiates are exhibited with success for these by restraining the motion of the Heart do force the blood to cool 2. That the opening of the vessel may be shut 2. It shuts the opening of the Vessels astringent and agglutinating remedies are in the first place convenient The chief of these are used to be exhibited in the form of a Linctus so that while one swallows certain particles gliding into the rough Artery may more immediately communicate their power to the part diseased But the reason of this operation seems not to be of any great moment because the efficacy of the Medicines themselves chiefly and almost only by the conduct of blood reaches to the seat of the disease Wherefore not only Lohochs but also Decoctions Powders and Pills of vulnerary and balsamic Ingredients are prescribed with success The forms hereof we shall annex beneath II. The second indication which is also preservatory II. The second preservatory indication respecting the healing of the dissolution of unity without any remaining hurt of the Lungs ought to provide against two sorts of evils viz. lest the spitting blood whereunto the distempered are afterwards always prone begin again and lest a Phthisis succeed which threatens every body subject to the Haemoptosis For these ends for the prevention of this disease daily care and constant course of healing ought to be ministred to the blood and Lungs 1. As to the blood the mass thereof ought to be contained ever in a due quantity 1. It respects the blood which is to be kept in a right Crasia and a right temperament with a mild and equal motion Hence lest it superabound or distempered with a Dycrasie enter into turgescencies or lodge its impure feculencies in the breast it is requisite sometimes to use Phlebotomy and a gentle Purgation An exact course of Diet is always necessary Moreover for the depurating and sweetning the blood drinking of Asses milk or of Medicinal waters sometimes does greatly help But Decoctions distilled Waters Juices of Herbs which carry away the ill temperaments of blood and derive the Serum and other impurities from the Lungs and bring them forth either by Sweat or Urine are to be carefully drunk Besides for this purpose Issues do chiefly conduce 2. Neither ought there to be less care of the Lungs themselves 2. A 〈◊〉 frame of the Lungs to be procured namely that the whole frame thereof and chiefly the place affected be preserved in due frame and right tone Hence every violent motion whereby its unity is more dissolved or the restitution thereof hindred should be industriously declined Let the party live in a clear and open air but not too fierce or sharp let him abstain from grosser foods from Noon-sleeps from plentiful Suppers and other errors in diet which induce either repletion or obstruction upon the Praecordia But let remedies be admitted in daily use which by a peculiar property or certain specifick vertue are reported to heal the Lungs The method of healing requisite for spitting of blood being shadowed after this manner there yet remains as to all the therapeutic indications and according to the various intentions of healing which belong to them for us to subjoyn some more choice forms of Remedies whose Van those deservedly lead which meeting with the symptom most urging do suddenly restrain the flux of blood cast out by coughing or otherwise out of the Lungs In the first rank of these Medicines those are reckon'd which hinder the blood from flowing to the part affected and together are impregnate with a certain astrictive and agglutinative power whereby the opening of the vessel may be shut The forms of Medicines and after the Belly being cleared with a Clyster and Phlebotomie unless a weak pulse and defect of heat withstand it made use of there is wont to be given somewhat in form of a Julep Decoction Emulsion juicy Expression Powder Pills or Lohochs We will annex certain more elegant and more efficacious Receipts of all of these as likewise of Narcoticks which notwithstanding ought not every where and indifferently to be used but methodically and seasonably according to advice of a discreet Physician according to the various constitution of the patient and condition of the disease 1. Juleps and Distilled Waters Take of Purslain and Poppy-water of each 6 ounces Juleps Dragons-blood in most fine powder half a dram syrup of red Poppies two ounces spirit of Vitriol of Mars ℈ ss mix them the dose ℥ iij. repeated once in 5 or 6 hours Take of Plantane-water lb j. Gum Tragacanth and Arabick powder'd of each ʒss mingle and dissolve them after adding syrup of dryed Roses ℥ j ss make a Julep the Dose ℥ iij. or ℥ iiij every third or fourth hour Take of the water of Oak-buds red Roses Water-lillies of each ℥ iiij of Blood-stone finely ground Bole-Armenick powder'd of each ʒss syrup of Water-lillies ℥ ij mix them the dose ℥ iij. or ℥ iiij three or four times a day Take of the Dew or almost insipid Phlegm of Vitriol lb j. Syr. of Myrtles ℥ ij mix them Distilled Waters the dose ℥ ij or ℥ iij. often in the day or in the night Take of Cypress-tops M. viij of the leaves or flowers of Willow M. vj. the greater Comfry-roots Water-lillies of each lbss Pomegranate flowers M. ij All being cut small together pour on them lb viij of new Milk let it be distill'd in common Organs the dose ℥ iij. or iiij often in a day Take of this distill'd Water and of Plantane-water of each lbss Gumm Tragacanth and Arabick of each ʒ ij dissolve them the dose is ℥ iij. every third hour The following Mixture is prescribed by Dr. Frederick Decker to be taken a spoonfull at a time in spitting blood and seems a very beneficial one Take of Plantane-water ℥ ij Cinnamon-water ʒ ij conf of Hyacinth ʒ iss distill'd Vinegar ℥ ss of red Coral prepar'd ʒss Balaustins Dragons-blood of each ℈ ss Laudanum Opiate gr iij. Syr. of Myrtles ℥ j. mingle them Take of Plantane red Rose and Purslain-water of each ℥ iiij of Blood-stone and Dragons blood reduced into fine-powder A Julep of each half a dram Sugar-Candy ʒ vj. make a Julep A Solution of common Vitriol or of Vitriol of Mars made in Spring-water and applyed with a rag to a wound wonderfully stops bleeding but is scarcely convenient to be given inwardly 2. Decoctions Tinctures and
excrements of the blood when not enough received by the Vessels of separation are together dlluted with the Serum with which they are conveyed to the skin and in the same place being cast off by the blood and deserted by the serous Juice while it is evaporating they are fastened about the outer little holes or pores even as a mossie down cleaving to the strait places of a River These spots chiefly appear in Summer and most upon the Breast and Back The Description and Cause of them viz. at which time and in those places men are most apt to sweat for that serous Juice which brought out those dregs from the mass of blood into the strait places of the skin leaves them there altogether unable to evaporate This indisposition hath nothing of evil joyned to it nor is it a symptom of any present disease nor doth it prefage any suddenly approaching Moreover when for the most part it happens to places that are covered and brings no deformity or trouble there seems little or no need of Cure but because an opinion is frequent with the Vulgar that the Liver is eminently endangered by these spots and necessarily requires Medicine for this cause to satisfie the importunate craving Medicines we are wont to prescribe besides extern Cosmeticks even inward hepatical Remedies whose use although not very necessary yet because from thence the depuration of blood and opening obstructions of the bowels are dispatcht they are not altogether in vain The inward Medicines profitable to this design are described before among the hepatical Remedies The Topical or outward are altogether the same in these as in any other kind of spots some select forms of which we will annex Concerning Pestilential Pestilential and scorbutick spots as also Scorbutical spots of which we have purposely in another place spoken there is no need here to repeat the same especially because for these another method is required than for those but now described inasmuch that in one kind of spots Medicines for the most part outward are wont to be administred without Splanchnic or Cordial medicines but in the other kinds only inward medicines without any that have reference to the Skin Wherefore The Cure of the Spots as to the spots called Freckles Lentigines and those commonly called Hepatical they properly belong to the Art of Beautifying and for the taking away these Deformities of the Skin only Cosmetick Remedies are prescribed without any method of healing There is every where a plentiful harvest of these with curious Ladies and others that are solicitous of cleansing their skins yet all these forasmuch as they only respect two Intentions of healing may be reduced to these two heads viz. either by opening the pores of the skin and Scarf-skin and sometimes by excoriating this they do endeavour to have the humour drawn outward and also to be evaporated or on the other side and not with less success those things are administred that may drive back the spotty matter and force it inwards We will annex here in order some usual Forms of the Topicks of either sort being rationally found out and frequently made use of happily enough because it is not lawful without offence of the Great Ones to detect the more secret mysteries of the Cosmetick Art Forms of Cosmeticks and to profane it among the Vulgar First therefore for cleansing the skin 1. Which cleanse the skin and drawing forth the matter of Spots Take of a small ly of Salt of Tartar four ounces Oyl of bitter Almonds made by expression as much as suffices in such a proportion let it be mingled that the liquor turn presently white and so remain with this mixture let the parts be anointed morning and evening and gently chased Take of Aron-roots Bryony Solomons-Seal of each one ounce Powder of Fenugreek seeds one dram of Camphir half a dram these being beat together pour on them three ounces of Oyl of Tartar per deliquium let it be pressed and applyed with a rag twice a day Take of quick Brimstone in powder one ounce black Soap two ounces tye them in a rag and hang them in a pinte of Vinegar for nine dayes after let it be used by washing the part twice a day and chafing it Secondly 2. Which repell the spotty matter For the other intention of discussing the spots from the skin and repelling their matter inwards Lac Virginis was a renowned Remedy among the Ancients and is as yet commended and made use of by many The Preparations are well enough known Viz. A Solution of Litharge made in distilled Vinegar by pouring of Oyl of Tartar per deliquium Lac Virginis it is precipitated into a white liquor like milk with which let the face and hands be washed twice a day and gently chaf'd A remedy like this or of the same vertue is prepared out of the solution of red Lead or Ceruse made in the same Menstruum and precipitated with Alum Water or a Solution of Sal Gem. Or Take of Camphir sliced two drams bruised in a glass Mortar pour thereon leisurely the juice of one Lemmon then adde one pint of White-wine strain it and let the remaining Camphir tyed in a rag be hung in the Glass Take Verdigriese four Ounces pour thereon two pints of White-wine Vinegar being put into a Cucurbite-glass let them be distilled in Sand let the Phlegme be kept for use with which let the face be anointed twice a day For this purpose also the Phlegme of Vitriol doth notably conduce It suffices some to use the distilled simple water of Bean-flowers or of Fumitory or the liquor of a Vine distilling from the Boughs cut in the Spring-time Notwithstanding the more nice and those who chiefly boast to understand this Art are scarce content with any Remedies but Mercurial wherefore the following water is commended and sold by Empiricks at a great rate against all foulness of the face whatsoever Take of Mercury sublimate one ounce powdered A Mercurial Cosmetick water put it in a Tin Vessel with three pints of Spring-water let them stand twenty four hours space ever and anon stirring it with a wooden Spatula untill the whole liquor grows black which notwithstanding being philter'd through brown Paper becomes clear with a rag or a feather dipt in this let the face be gently done over once or twice in a day This Remedy doth most notably help against all cutaneous Deformities It s Vertue viz. inasmuch as it drives away the humours within the little pores and those impacted within the little holes howsoever small dissolves the inveterate and stubborn combination of Salts or Sulphurs and restores the whole skin where it is applyed though evilly framed as to its pores and makes it well coloured Wherefore it is usefull not only to cleanse the spots of the face but also to take away wheals and its redness as also the Disease of the Erisypelas Moreover sometimes it happens that many parts of
of the Heart might never be overcharged with the blood impetuously rushing into it by the instinct of Nature the Fibres at the root of the Vein being contracted its course might be inverted and flow back The description of the Pneumonic Vein as to its utmost branching is in the fourth Table and third Figure To these three sorts of Vessels The Lymphaeducts added to the aforesaid Vessels wherein the air and the blood are conveighed the Lymphaeducts that carry forth a water are joined A power of these dispersed through the Lungs wait on the Arteries and Veins All the branches tending from the surface of the Lung towards its original unite into some greater trunks which being inserted into the Wind-pipe discharge thereinto the Lympha that is superfluous from the blood and nervous humour Indeed there is need of a great many of this sort of Vessels in the Lungs because seeing the blood is hottest of all here is hastily circulated and yet can exhale nothing to without by transpiration the Veins can hardly receive all the whole mass of blood from the Arteries and the Glandules contain not long what is deposited in them therefore there as need of Lymphaeducts as so many chanels whereby the superfluous humour might continually be sent off If these at any time happen to be obstructed or broken there often follows a Dropsie of the Lungs or Breast and sometimes Coughs and Phthisicks These lymphatick Vessels of the Lungs may very well be seen if in dissecting a live Dog you press the top of the Thoracick duct that nothing may be poured into the subclavian Vein for then the Lymphaeducts of the Lungs because they cannot discharge themselves into the common Receptacle now stopt and filled swell much and are very apparent If such a stoppage be made for some time in a Dog that hath eat and drunk largely a milky liquor will sweat into the Lungs out of the Thoracick duct the Valves being unlocked yea and the same liquor will pass through the Lymphaeducts placed far beneath the Reins and will render them strutted with that homour as if abounding with milk The rough delineation of the Lymphaeducts spreading themselves in the superficies of the lobe of a Lung is represented in the first Table 5. The last kind of Vessels belonging to the Lungs are the Nerves and their branches The nervous slips dispersed throughout the Lungs whereof there are many as we elsewhere intimated dispersed every where through the Lungs Heretofore doubting about the office of these we were induced to think the first force or at least instinct of breathing depended on these Nerves because otherwise we can hardly conceive after what manner the motion of the Lungs in breathing coughing laughing and other their actions should be always so exactly proportioned according to the several exigences of Nature For even as the blood doth more intensly or remisly heat and boil up within the Praecordia and as certain contents of the Trachea provoke the nervous Fibres we breathe either quicker or slower and oft-times though unwillingly we cough But besides there doth occur another and more necessary use of these Nerves for since it is manifest that the Coats of those Veins and of the Trachea are every where endued with muscular or moving Fibres by which they are contracted it is plain that the Pneumonic Nerves do convey as well plenty of spirits as inclinations of contraction to those Fibres And it is very probable from those Nerves convulsively distempered that the Palpitation of the Heart is often excited as also the Asthma and Chin cough We have some time since delivered the Anatomy or description of the Pneumonic Nerves in our Treatise of Nerves viz. pag. 311. so that there is here no need to repeat or inlarge The fivefold Vessels forementioned being mutual and many ways accompanied in their distribution as if divided into secret Groves with small bladders as in Trenches every where interwoven when they are complicated and variously woven together do constitute a fleshy web which is the very structure of the Lungs which moreover appears like a more solid Parenchyma in as much the Arteries and Veins being filled with blood are stufft up and the Vessels of the Trachea and Lymphaeducts being emptied of the air as well as water do fall together and seem to close We shall the less admire the fleshy fabrick of this Lung wove together out of meer Vessels and little Bladders if we consider the frame of the seminal Testicles to be nothing else than a heap composed of hollow filaments or spermatic Pipes woven together The description of the Nerves of the Lung and what relates to the bundle of Fibres whereof it is compact and to the spreading of its branches are described in the fifth Table The web of the Lung as above-said The Coats of the lungs whereof one is smooth and the other rough being weaved together of Vessels and little Bladders and divided according to their greater and lesser branchings into lobes and little lobes a Membrane wraps them about as a common covering Of this there are two Coats viz. one outer and fine which appears like a certain subtle texture or weaving together of nervous filaments as is apparent in most other Bowels the other more inward which is both rough and somewhat thick and consisting almost of meer ends of Vessels and little Bladders and by reason of the hollownesses every where caused from these its inward superficies resembles a Hive of Bees the forms of these are aptly enough described in the eighth Table This Membrane of two Coats blown up hath very many and large Pores insomuch that if Quick-silver be poured into the Trachial branch of one of the lesser lobes almost filling within the whole Membrane it will every where burst out from the Pores Both the arterial blood and the air beating in this Membrane as against a bank are reflected the former is brought back by the Veins into the left Venter of the Heart a certain watry part being sent away through the Lymphaeducts In the mean while the air is returned back by the same passages of the Trachea by which it flowed in For continually fresh air ought to be suckt in that it might supply nitrous Particles to the Blood to make room for which the other old air being now weak and useless must be first breathed out Because therefore both functions are to be performed within the same passages it is to be done by alternate turns first the one then the other While the air is drawn in the Lungs are blown up as if wind were forced into them and whilst the same is breathed out they fall down and are narrowly squeezed together for the benefit of excluding it and so after the manner of Bellows discharge constant changes of the Systole and Diastole Yet by what impulse and Organs it is accomplished is worth our labour here to consider Therefore upon the whole matter it is manifest by common
and their functions and uses that they may more clearly be manifest it seems to be material to expose to your view the forms of some of their chiefest parts described to the life together with the explication of their Figures yet it seems proper first to insert a few things concerning the Lymphaeducts and interspaces of the Lobes omitted in the former Discourse The most renowned Malpighius first discovered these little Lobes of the Lungs and their interspaces but to what uses they serve he hath not clearly enough shewed Haply it may seem that these little places and empty spaces within the Lungs are certain receptacles of the air that there may be a larger store of it Notwithstanding it is evidently manifest upon experiment frequently made that the air pufft into the Pipe of the Trachea which is the only entrance into the Lung doth not enter or blow up these interspaces of the little Lobes The interspaces of the little Lobes have passage one into the other and from thence into the Lymphaeducts notwithstanding if you blow into the hole of any of these interspaces immediately all these spaces pufft up do swell in the whole lobe of the Lungs so that all the little lobes distinct by great interspaces will appear with a pleasant prospect as is expressed in the second Figure of the third Table Moreover the Lymphaeducts creeping through the superficies of the Lungs seem to be every where included in little Membranes covering those interspaces and to end in them But as the lymphatic Vessels are all furnished with little valves so those which appertain to the Lungs are furnished with almost infinite as is to be seen in the warm large lobe of an Ox and expressed to the life in Tab. 1. d d d d. That I may dare to conjecture concerning the use of these things Which therefore is done that the vaporous steaming of the blood being received by the interspaces and condensed into water in the Lymphaeducts may be conveyed out it is probable that those cavities intercepting each little lobe do receive the vapors flowing copiously every where from the blood being kindled when they cannot any where else be better thrust down or separated which sweat through their slender Coats into these cavities out of the ends of those Vessels and thence being forced further they are condensed into water to be carried out of the Lungs through those appropriate Vessels moreover lest the Lympha's caused from vapors within those passages and so being made thick should whirle again back into the Lungs which would bring great prejudice to them the thickest obstacles of the valves do hinder For I have frequently admired what becomes of the vaporous steams which incessantly flow in great plenty and sometimes most impetuously out of the blood burning ardently in the Praecordia For although very many of them flye away through the passages of the Trachea together with the air while we breathe notwithstanding one only way of passage or particular sluice doth not suffice to them from every place breaking forth wherefore these little places or empty spaces are every where placed that they may receive those vapors shut up in the Lungs and may drop out the same immediately condensed through the Lymphaeducts as if through so many noses of an Alembick The lymphic Vessels having their passage out of the Lungs incline towards the passages of the Thorax with their numerous branches The progress and distribution of the pulmonary Lymphaeducts and are for the most part mingled with them but they climb upon the Oesophagus in their way as also the trunks of the Trachea and the Aorta and do lose many slips in them by a various insertion likely for this cause that some of the lymphatic humor may be bestowed for making slippery the sides of those Vessels The Explication of the Figures THE first Table shews one entire lobe of the Lungs upon whose superficies the Lymphaeducts are seen spread through every where A. The Orifice of the Trachea being cut lying in the midst of the Vessels B. The Orifice of the Pneumonic Artery lying under C. The Orifice of the Pneumonic Vein placed above it d d d d. The outer Lymphaeducts spread abroad through the superficies of the Lobe e e e e. More Lymphaeducts meeting on the back of this Lobe from whence they pass into the Thoracick ducts The second Table shews one lobe of a Sheeps Lung cut in the midst that the upper part wherein is the trunk of the Vein being removed and the trunk of the Aspera Arteria laid by it self the branching of the Pneumonic Artery is shewn throughout its whole frame viz. through the small and least little Lobes All the passages of this viz. the slips and twigs how small soever being filled and coloured by any liquid thing cast into them are drawn to the life A A A A. The nether half of the Lobe divided containing the branching of the Pneumonic Artery B B B. The Trunk of the Pneumonic Artery belonging to this Lobe C. A hole from whence it s other branch was cut off and removed D D D D. The Trunks from which its other branches because they could not be expressed in this Table were cut off E E E E. The arterious stems thereof stretcht forward into length the side-branches on both parts stretcht out into the right and left side F F F F. The twigs and lesser slips which are every where intermingled with the like from the Veins and Bronchials and at last woven together with the Veins every where encompass the orbicular little Bladders and bind them as it were in clusters G G G G. The Bronchial branches which being cut from the stem of the Trachea laid aside and entring secretly into this lobe of the Lungs are accompanied with branches that bear blood H H. The stem of the Trachea appertaining to this Lobe which lay upon the Pneumonic Artery cut and laid aside f f f f. The stems of the Bronchial branches which are immersed partly in this portion of Lobe described G G G G and are partly distributed in the other half cut off The first Figure of the third Table expresses one lobe of the Lungs according to the branchings of the Aspera Arteria divided into lesser and less lobes the twigs and slips of which Vessel being filled by a liquid first injected and afterwards separated from among themselves towards the little lobes are also drawn to the life A. The Trunk of the Aspera Arteria being cut from the rest of his body B B B. The inner part being cut open that as well the holes leading into all its branches as it s straight muscular Fibres are viewed together a a a. The abve-mentioned holes leading into the every where stretched out branches b b b. The straight muscular Fibres upon which the other circular do lye C C. The upper part of this Tracheal stem being whole or shut that the Ring-like Grisles might appear D D D
made What affection of the blood produces it from whence this disposition of blood proceeds by which it becomes clammy and viscous like ropy wine the general reason hereof is this viz. that the more thick parts of blood are not made thin enough by the more subtile so that all of them being equally mixed and mutually incorporated at length the good humors separate themselves into their appropriate functions and the superfluous are perpetually discharged by their proper Emunctories But on the other side in as much as the sulphureous particles of the blood being combined together with the saline and earthy too much exalted ensnare and entangle all the rest for that cause its liquor containing within it self all its recrements and impurities grows clammy as glue and in that regard contracts an inflammable disposition For it is obvious to every person that the blood that grows clammy in this manner is rendred prone to obstruct the narrow passages of the vessels which surely are very small in the Lungs moreover for the same reason they are disposed to become fearish viz. because retaining obstinately within its own bosom all the feculencies and ecrements from the same presently gathered into a heap it is constrained into a great turgescence or swelling whereby of necessity an inflaming obstruction of the Lungs takes either its origine or augmentation Moreover as to the procatarctic cause of this disease The fault of the Lungs produces it very frequently the faultiness of the Lungs is joined herewith and determines that general intemperament of blood to affect this part in such a sort For as the clammy blood grows hot the more strong and sound Praecordia do frequently discharge the designed mischief from themselves and the taint being fixed to the Pleura or about the habit of the body a Pleurisie or Rheumatism is rather caused than a Peripneumony Nevertheless the tender Lungs being bnoxious to a Cough or formerly prejudiced in their frame either by spitting blood or other distempers of the breast from the blood boiling up while it is too much bound nd clammy in its own consistence they easily engender an obstructing Phlegmon Hitherto of the conjunct and procatarctic causes of a Peripneumony The evident causes of a Peripneumony as for what regards the evident causes whatsoever suddenly perverts the temperament of the blood or restrains its free transpiration ought to be referred hither as chiefly are excesses of heat and cold or the inordinate drinking of Wine or strong Waters any veement exercise and the drinking of some waters and those especially icy Besides sometimes a malignant distemperature of Air doth engender this disease in many and akes it Epidemical Authors in Physick do every where observe and it is also a vulgar observation a Peripneumony frequently succeeds or comes upon a Pleurisie It often succeeds or follows after a Pleurisie but nothing is more usual than in a Pleurisie a bloody and thick spittle and as it were purulent to be voided Hence a regat disquisition arises by what passage or ways the matter by spittle cast out can be conveyed from the Pleura to the Tracheal passages Some think that this being fallen into the cavity of Thorax is sucked into the Lungs as with a Sponge and others suppose that it is transferred thither by the Membranes adhering thereto by which the Lungs often stick unto the Pleura But truly either way seems improbable if not impossible For first that the Lungs do not suck in the contents of the hollowness of the Chest is manifest from hence because in a Dropsie or wound of the breast when they happen the Lungs being unhurt neither water nor blood is at all discharged by coughing though frequently great plenty of this or that humor be there which presently flows out of its own accord from the Thorax incision being made But that Sometimes the Membranes growing from the Lungs knit themselves tot he Pleura is clearly manifest by Anatomical observation yea and by this way of return I have sometimes known the purulent matter translated into the side and there by an Issue made by Art or Nature to have been evacuated with a heathful Crisis nevertheless such Membranes of the Lungs joined to the Pleura do seldom pre-exist and in a Pleurisie which is a very acute disease they cannot like a Mushroom be the issue of one or two days moreover though sometimes those obscure passages may be ready at hand which perhaps by some admirable instinct of Nature discharge something out of the Lungs towards the precincts of the Thorax yet it seems against the Oeconomy of Nature that they can derive any corruption outwardly engendered to this most noble part within which surely is the fountain both of life and heat As to this if it may be lawful to propound our Judgment The reason of this is inquired into I am induced to think that a Peripneumony and Pleurisie are one while singular and separate affects and another while bred together and coexisting from the first and another while are by course one after another or succedaneous For the procuring cause being stirred up into act so that the blood growing clammy and boiling together obstructs in some places the lesser vessels the nest of the disease sometimes is fastned on the Pleura or separately in the Lungs sometimes in each of them together and sometimes first in one and then in t'other but for the most part the Pleura being first healed presently the same morbific cause invades also the pneumonic Vessels Moreover we have known a various shifting of this affect viz. that it has first troubled the right or left side presently that being deserted to have occupied the Lungs and afterwards both being deserted to affect the Brain and frequently to transfer its seat from thence into the above-mentioned places But for the reason aforesaid a Peripneumony not only succeeds a Pleurisie but frequently a Squinancy and sometimes other distempers for while the blood growing clammy and boiling together continues a Feaver in the whole it transfers the obstruction causing a Phlegmon variously hither and thither And from hence the solution of that observation is clearly manifest which has so much puzled Interpreters viz. that a Palsie or dead Palsie of one side doth sometimes succeed a Peripneumony because the blood that being clammy had lately obstructed the pneumonic Vessels afterwards stuffing certain foldings of the vessels of the Carotides prohibits the engendring of animal spirits in this or that part of the head and so restrains their influence into the respective nervous parts The differences of this disease From what hath been said the chief differences of a Peripneumony are made plain namely that it is either a simple distemper or joined together with a Pleurisie Squinancy or some other and then it is either primary or secondary Moreover it is usually distinguished as to the Feaver and state of breathing to wit according as this is more or
case it be very much wanting and also externally to alleviate the pain of the side Of the former kinde the more usual are the distill'd water syrup and powder of red Poppies which are esteemed Specificks in a Pleurisie and in a Peripneumonie Moreover when the pain is very acute Anodynes and watchings instant upon the patient they may lawfully drink Diacodiates Against pains Liniments Fomentations Cataplasmes and sometimes the hot bowels of Animals newly slain are convenient to be applyed These are the principal Intentions of healing which seem requisite to cure an exquisite and simple Pleurisie before it contracts a Peripneumonie to it self or passes into it or into an Empyema It only remains to adapt to each of these the more select forms of Medicaments First therefore in the beginning of the Disease for taking away the Phlegmon Forms of Remedies Juleps Apozemes Powders and gentle loosening Clysters are wont to be prescribed Take water of Carduus Mariae eight ounces red Poppies 4 ounces First for the removing the Inflammation Juleps Syrup of red Poppies one ounce sal Prunella one drachm make a Julep the dose two or three ounces every third hour Take of Grass-roots 4 ounces Barly half an ounce Apple-parings one handfull Apozemes Raisins one ounce Liquorish two drams boyl them in three pints of Spring-water to two clarifie the strained liquor adding Syrup of Violets one ounce and half Sal Prunella one dram and half make an Apozeme the dose 3 or 4 ounces often in a day Take of Sal Prunella two drams flowers of Nitre one dram Powders powder of red Poppy flowers two scruples Sugar-candy 4 scruples make a powder the dose half a dram three or four times in a day Take of the Decoction of Mallows leaves and roots with Prunes A Purge one pound syrup of Violets three ounces Sal Prunella one dram make a Clyster Take Cassia bruised two ounces Tamarinds one ounce Damask-Rose leaves one handful Coriander-seeds two drams boyl'd in Spring-water to a pint strain it and adde Syrup of Chicory with Rhubarb two drams clarifie it with the White of an Egge the dose is 5 or 6 ounces in the morning continued for two or three dayes Secondly The following are of use to dissolve the clamminess or coagulating viscosity of the blood in form of a Drink of a Powder and of Spirit Secondly for the taking away the Clamminess of the Blood Take fresh Horse-dung 4 ounces Carduus-water one pound and half infuse it warm for two hours after filtre it to which adde syrup of the juice of Dandelyon or of Chicory An Infusion of Horse-dung two ounces Spirit of salt Armoniack one dram let five or six spoonfuls be given three or four times in a day To this end Water of Horse-dung wonderfully profits Take of Horse-dung 4 pounds leaves of Carduus Benedictus Carduus Mariae Scabious And distilled water Pimpornel of each three handfuls upon them cut and mixt together pour six pints of new Milk distill them in common Organs The Dose is from two Ounces to three either with it self or with other distill'd Waters in form of a Julep For the same use the Tinctures or the solutions of other Dungs are administred by some Physitians and highly magnified by them Helmont commends the dung of an Oxe Panarolus commends Pidgeons-dung others the white dung of a Cock for the Pleurisie Epiphanius Ferdinandus was wont to give with success the Decoction of Tobacco with new Wine Valeriola by experiment as a familiar remedy made use of the Decoction of the Flowers of red Poppies Sylvius's Anti-Pleuritick The renowned Sylvius prescrib'd the following mixture to be taken by Spoonfuls within short spaces of time Take Parsly and Hyssop water of each two ounces Fennel-water one ounce Treacle-water simple half an ounce Laudanum Opiate 4 grains Salt Armoniack half a scruple Syrup of red Poppies one ounce Mingle them Frederick Deckers adds to this the Powder of Crabs-eyes and Mineral Bezoar of each one scruple Medicines chiefly efficacious for this use are wont to be administred in the form of a powder for examples sake Take Powder of Crabs-eyes two drams Powders Sal Prunella one dram and half of the flowers of red Poppies half a dram mix them and make a Powder the dose half a dram three or four times a day in a convenient Vehicle Instead of Crabs-eyes the powder of the Jaw of a Pike or the Tusk of a Boar or the Pizzle of a Stag or Bull are used and if they prove ineffective try the following Take of Antimony Diaphoretick or the Ceruss thereof or Bezoar Mineral two drams the volatile Salt of Harts-horn half a dram the powder of red Poppies two scruples make a Powder The dose from one Scruple to half a dram three times or oftner in a day For the same intention of curing it was that Riverius gave of the Powder of Soot from half a dram to a dram others the powder of Pidgeons dung or of a Cock And indeed by reason of this analogie whereby the dungs of Animals stored with volatile Salt do succour in this disease it is probable the dung of a Dog doth no less conduce to cure a Pleurisie than a Squinancy and so much the rather because these diseases frequently change their forms among themselves and one assumes the species of the other Chymical liquors endued with a volatile Salt do also notably help sometimes in a Pleurisie Take of Spirit of Blood two drams Chymical Liquors Water of red Poppies three Ounces the Syrup of the same one ounce Let it be given by spoonfuls often Take spirit of Sal Armoniack distill'd with Olibanum three drams the dose from 12 drops to 15 or 20 twice or thrice a day in any convenient liquor After the same manner the Spirit of Vrine Soot or Harts-horn may be given Take the Spirit of Tartar 3 drams the dose one scruple in a convenient vehicle Take of the simple mixture 3 drams Dose from one Scruple to half a dram As for the third Intention What remedies the third intention requires besides a thin diet Cardiac remedies and Anodynes are prescribed Examples of the former kinde for the first Indication may be supplyed by Juleps and Apozemes for the second Indication they may be supplyed by Spirits and Powders Anodynes are prescribed to be exhibited inwardly upon watching and very intense pain according to the following method Take of Poppy-water two ounces Hypnotick Anodynes the syrup of the same 6 drams Spirit of Harts-horn 12 drops make a draught to be taken at Bed-time If we must proceed higher Take Carduus-water two ounces Diacodium from three drams to half an ounce or 6 drams Spirit of Sal Armoniac with Frankincense half a scruple make a draught and sometimes although rarely Laudanum is expedient which timely given inasmuch as it excites sleep and moves sweat and Vrine does greatly profit Take Cowslip-water two ounces Tartariz'd Laudanum
third restores the languishing of the Spirits the lost strength and the frustrated Nourishment 1. As to the first Indication remedies commonly called expectorating First Indication and of them those that are more hot and sharp and do very much cleanse and drye but especially for that for the most part here a Feaver is wanting sulphureous remedies are expedient which also may be prescribed according to the following forms Take of Tincture of Sulphur three drams take from seven drops to twenty Forms of Remedies at bed-time and early in the morning in a spoonfull of Syrup of the Juice of Ground-Ivie Or Take our syrup of Sulphur as before set down 6 ounces let a spoonfull be taken at the same hours Take the dried leaves of Ground-Ivy Germander white Maiden-hair Coltsfoot Hyssop white Hore-hound Savory of each one handful Enula-campane Orris and Chervil-roots of each one ounce Anniseeds half an ounce boyl them in 6 pound of Spring-water to three pound and a half adding towards the end White-wine 6 ounces clarified Honey three ounces Let the strained Liquor be clarified and kept for use the dose 6 ounces warm three times a day Or Take of Lime-water 6 pound put it in a Glass with a large mouth hanging in it the following bag Take the dried leaves of Germander Ground-Ivy white Horehound of each one handful Orris and Enula-campane sliced one ounce and a half Anniseeds bruised two ounces Liquorish an ounce and half Raisins stoned three ounces let them be stopt and stand cold Pour out for use the bag remaining Take Lohoch Sanum three ounces Species Diaireos two drams and a half flower of Sulphur one dram and a half of simple Oxymel two ounces make a Linctus to be lick with a Liquorish stick Take the powder of Hedge-mustard Ground-Ivy of each half an ounce flower of Sulphur a dram and a half syrup of Sulphur or of the juice of Ground-Ivy what will suffice to make a Lohoch Take of fine Mirrh of white Amber of each half an ounce Sulphur Vivum Auripigment of each two drams the rinds of Pistaches one dram and a half make a powder for Fumigation to be used in a Paper-funnel morning and evening 2. The preservatory Indication abolishing the morbific matter Second Indication and so providing against a Phthisis prone to succeed endeavors the purifying of the blood and strengthning the Lungs to which ends Purgers Vulnerarie Decoctions distill'd waters and physical Drinks are convenient Take of the Decoction of Senna of Gereon with one dram and half of Agarick three ounces and a half purging syrup of Apples one ounce Aq. Mirabilis two drams make a potion to be taken with government once in a week The form of the Wound-drink let be the same as was prescribed for an Empyema after opening or 4 or 6 ounces of the Decoction common in Shops three times a day because here is no feaver Take of Firre-tops 6 M. fresh Ground-Ivy Hyssop Sage Rockets Hedge Mustard St. Barbaries herb or Winter-cresses of each four handfuls the seeds of the Sun-flower 6 ounces sweet Fennel-seeds two ounces Enula campane Orris-roots of each 3 ounces being cut and bruised pour upon them 8 pound of Brunswick Mum or Spruce-Beer distill it in a cold Still let the liquor be all mixt and when used sweetned at pleasure with syrup of the juice of Ground-Ivy the dose three or four ounces three times a day Take of the roots of Sarsaparilla six ounces China two ounces of each of the Sanders six drams Shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each half an ounce Mastick-wood one ounce being cut and bruised infuse them in 12 pound of spring-Spring-water boyl them to half adding one ounce of Liquorish Raisins 4 ounces let the strained liquor be kept for ordinary drink 3. The vital Indication prescribes Cordials Anodynes Third Indications and a convenient course of diet The same forms of Medicines for the most part are expedient here which were prescrib'd for an Empyema after incision and also the same diet as was ordain'd in a beginning consumption besides in this case Asses-milk often-times doth much good As to the curing this disease I have observed that an Issue made in the side for the most part doth signally profit I remember two suffering under this distemper by coughing up plentifully mere stinking Pus or corruption after the Imposthume broke to have been heal'd by this Remedy in a short space of time The Histories of the Cures shall be afterwards annexed Fontinels in the side very often greatly help in this disease In both these by a shallow orifice made in the side by incision meer Pus began within three or four days to flow out and then the Spittle began to be abated and after that flowing encreased from day to day for some time continued the Spittle altogether ceased and the Patent recovered his entire health The reason of this admirable Effect seems to be that the part affected of the Lungs or that which is bordering upon it while the disease was arising or before grew to the very side and therefore Nature had endeavoured by this way the thrusting forth of the Pus or matter contained in the Imposthume and for that cause perhaps had made secret passages even to the superficies of the side wherefore afterwarts an issue being laid open by a knife the excretion of the morbific matter was conducted thither It is also probable that a certain part of the Lobe of the Lungs at first grew to the side in the diseased and by reason of the cleaving thereto afterwards the Imposthume had its rise for whereas that part being almost immoveable could not be stirred like to the other parts of the Lungs the morbific matter was deposited there and was the better able to reside or form its nest there Although the Imposthume of the Lungs be thought a very rare distemper with some Physicians and by Tulpius judg'd so mortal that when it breaks it kills out right yet I have known many to have labour'd under this disease and by the help of Medicines to have recovered their pristine health We may here describe two or three of the more remarkable Histories of them A Gentleman of a middle age and before strong and continually healthful finding himself not well without any apparent cause contracted as it were a crazie disposition for being without pain without Vomit Cough or notable Feaver in a short time grown weak he became without any appetite unapt to sleep full of thirst and hot about the precordia this person was handled a long while by some Physicians as Scorbutical and by others as hectical and after various methods of healing were assay'd in vain at length the disease fallying out as from an ambush appeared manifeltly For whilst on a certain night being more unquiet than usual he tossed himself very much in his bed all on a sudden the Imposthume breaking in his Lungs a large quantity of stinking pus was thrown
taken Tincture of Antimony or of Salt of Tartar and the simple mixture in a greater Dose for vehicles Apozemes distilled Waters and Juleps for this Intention of curing are convenient Take of the roots of Celandine the greater Apozems stinging Nettles Madder of each one ounce tops of Roman Wormwood white Horehound Agrimony Germander of each one handfull Worm-seeds two drams Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each two drams yellow Sanders a dram and a half Coriander-seeds two drams boyl them in three pound of Spring-water to two pound adding of White-wine four ounces strain it and adde Syrup of Chichory with Rhubarb two ounces water of Earth-worms an ounce and a half make an Apozeme the Dose four or six ounces twice in a day Take of white Horehound dryed Centaury of each one handful Gentian and Turmerick-roots of each three drams Cinamon one dram Saffron half a dram being sliced put them into a Glass with two pound of White-wine or Rhenish-wine make an infusion the dose three ounces To this we will adde Gesners famous Antictericum Take of the roots of stinging Nettles a pound Saffron one scruple bruise them well and draw off the tincture with White-wine the dose three ounces 4 or 5 dayes Like to the former is that of Fr. Joel Take the Roots of Celandine the greater Empirick Remedies two handfuls Juniper-berries a handfull bruise them and pour on them a pound of Rhenish-wine and draw out the juice the dose sour ounces twice a day The juice of white Horehound is mightily commended by Dioscorides and the Syrup of the same by Forestus for curing the yellow Jaundice In lieu of an Elixir and other chymical liquors which to avoid nauseousness are to be taken in very small quantity to others endued with a stronger Constitution Electuaries Powder and Pills may be administred with better success Take of Conserve of Roman Wormwood of the yellow Rinds of Oranges and Limons An Electuary of each two ounces Species Diacurcumae one dram and half powder of Ivory yellow Saunders of Lignum-Aloes of each half a dram Troches of Capers one dram of Rhubarb half a dram Salt of Wormwood two drams with Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb make an Electuary the dose the quantity of a Chesnut twice a day drinking after it three ounces of the following Julep Take of the greater celandine-Celandine-water Fumitory Wormwood Distilled Waters Elder-flowers of each five ounces snail-Snail-water water of Earth worms compound of each two ounces Sugar half an ounce mingle them and make a Julep Or Take of the roots of stinging Nettles Angelica Gentian of each four ounces the greater Celandine leaves and roots six handfuls Wormwood Tansie Southern-wood of each four handfuls the outer rinds of twelve Oranges and four Limons prepared Worms and Snails of each one pound Cloves bruised two ounces being all cut and bruised pour upon them eight pound of White-wine let them be distill'd in a cold still and the whole water mixt Or Take of filings of Steel one pound fresh Strawberries six pound put them into a glazed pot stirring them together and let them stand a day afterwards adde of English Rhubarb sliced one pound the rinds of four Oranges sliced pour upon them of White wine six pound and distill them according to Art let all the liquor be mixt together The dose of this and of the former is three ounces twice in a day after the Electuary or any other medicine Take of Turmerick-roots Rhubarb of each one dram and a half the Bark of Caper-roots of Asarum-roots of each half a dram Extract of Gentian and Centaury of each one dram and a half Salt of Wormwood four scruples Water-cress-seeds half a dram of Rocket half a scruple Elixir Proprietatis one dram gum Ammoniacum dissolved in the water of Earth-worms what will suffice to make a mass form it into small Pills the dose is half a dram evening and morning drinking after it three ounces of the distilled water Sylvius doth much magnifie for cure of the Jaundies Sylvius his Empirical Remedies the Decoction of Hemp-seed in milk and the solution of Sope and from thence endeavours to establish his own Hypothesis as we have above intimated whereby he endeavours to deduce the Aetiologie of the Jaundies rather from an alienation of the choler than from the obstruction of its passages 2. The Second Indication respecting the altering or tempering of the blood The second Indication Remedies against the Jaundies endowed with an animal volatile Salt by which it may breed but moderately and duly separate the choler requires Medicines of that sort which depress the Sulphur and fixt salt too much advanced For these ends I know not by what chance or conduct Medicines endowed with a volatile salt as Worms Snails Millepedes yea Lice Dungs of fourfooted Beasts and Fowl are brought into practice for curing the Jaundies and not only prescribed by Empiricks but the more famous Physicians These sometimes by themselves but oftener joyn'd with Purgers and Deoppilatives become the chief Ingredients in Compositions against the Jaundies Fonseca prescribes Goose-dung gathered in the Spring-time and dryed as also the white excrement of Pullets of both which let the Powder be given in a convenient vehicle from half a dram to a whole one Take powder of Earth-worms prepared of Goose-dung of each three drams Ivory Varlous forms of them yellow Sanders of each half a dram Saffron one scruple make a powder divide it into six parts One to be taken every morning with some appropriate liquor To the Apozeme or Anticterical Tincture prescribed above Earth-worms Goose-dung and also Sheeps-dung are profitably added Take Millepedes fresh and alive from 50 to 100. Saffron half a Scruple Nutmeg a scruple bruise them together and infuse them in Water of Celandine four ounces of Earth worms two ounces express them strongly and drink it after this manner take it first once then twice in a day for a week The vulgar and Empirical remedy with us is that Nine quick Lice be taken in a morning for five or six dayes by which remedy they report to me many to be cured whenas other remedies effected little which truly can help by no other means than by restoring the volatile Salt depressed in the blood Upon the same account of succour even in this disease the flowers of Sal Armoniac Also such as are endued with a mineral volatile Salt the volatile Salts of Amber Harts-horn Soot in like manner their Spirits are frequently administred with great success Take powder of Earth-worms prepared two drams Species Diacurcumae one dram flower of Sal Armoniac half a dram Salt of Amber a scruple Extract of Gentian one dram Saffron one scruple Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in water of Earth-worms what suffices make a mass and form it into small Pills the Dose is three or four morning and evening drinking after it three ounces of the Julep before prescribed Take Spirit of Harts-horn tinctured with Saffron three drams Dose
composing himself for sleep he began to sleep soundly he was surprized with such a difficulty of breathing that the frequency of it threatned the danger of choaking at which time also he perceived a certain palpitation about the Hypochondria as if some living Animal were underneath the midriff this distemper afterwards ended in a Tumour of the Abdomen by which he dyed In this and other cases now cited the same reason holds viz. that the animal spirits being used to make irregular excursions into the nervous Fibres of the lower belly at length do not only more often and abundantly enter into them but being impacted and hindered they abide in them and so at length induce tympanitic inflations of the bowels Truly this morbific beginning happens sooner of later The evident causes of this disease if thereupon do come the evident causes which disturb the Spirits in the bottom of the belly and compel them to frequent disorders and also do either stop the motion or pervert the temperature of the nervous Juice flowing within those Fibres in which rank are accounted irregularities in the six Non-naturals immoderate Passions and chiefly of grief and usual evacuations suppress'd drinking of cold water after some great heat or any sudden cold induced on the belly either from air or water As to the Prognosticks The Prognosticks thereof this disease is always accounted of so bad an omen that commonly the name is abhorr'd insomuch that frequently when there is no suspicion of ill from the tumour of the belly if perhaps that swelling be call'd by the Physitian a Tympanie forthwith it is concluded desperate Notwithstanding this Disease rarely kills of it self but being protracted a long space of time that it may at length more certainly kill it gains to it self an Ascites as a Harbinger of Death That we may search into the reason thereof it will be obvious enough to conceive while all the bowels are distended in the lower belly and are held as it were stiffe the passages of the blood and nervous and lymphatic humours being too much extended or compressed are much straitened and for that cause cannot freely and readily transmit its Juice from whence it follows that every humour being straitned in the passage that at length it may pass by some means it shakes off a certain serosity from its masse wherever way is given and those droppings of the humours falling into the hollow of the Abdomen excite an Ascitick Dropsie What relates to the Curatory part of this Disease The Cure the whole scope of healing is commonly bent against wind viz. Indications inculcated by practical Authors suggest the matter to be evacuated from whence the winds are raised and to remove the cause that lifts them up and the winds to be discuss'd and dissipated which do already distend the belly For these ends Purgers appointed against the humour chiefly suspected are wont to be prescribed with great confidence although with small or ill success that is to say Phlegmagogues so called another while those that purge Melancholy another while those that purge Choler whereto also are joyn'd purgers of water as weapons intended against every enemy For this disease as is manifest by our observation is wont for the most part to be exasperated with strong Purgers and seldom alleviated the reason whereof is evident enough because the nervous fibres being provok't by a sharp Medicine the animal Spirits renew their irregular excursions Remedies designed against Wind profit not and do every where more and more stretch them out rather than give any remission to them wherefore although frequent and abundant watery and flatulent stools are procured notwithstanding the Belly swells the more Moreover to dispell discusse and bridle the winde there is a more than Aeolian power prescribed Medicines commonly call'd Carminatives almost of every kind or form are sedulously administred within and without above and beneath and upon the part affected notwithstanding this disease for the most part is untamed by all these whence we may suspect that the true cause of the disease lyes as yet conceal'd because Medicines profit not that are administred indicated or suggested according to the ordinary Aetiologie or reason of it Although I cannot challenge a better successe in curing this disease or a more certain method of healing attested from experience notwithstanding in the mean while we will here proffer another way of curing accommodated to our Hypothesis and established by reasons strong enough Wherefore in a Tympany as in most other affections 3. Curatory Indications there will be three chief indications Whereof the first and chiefly insisted on is the Curatory that by recalling the animal Spirits from their convulsive affection and reducing them into order endeavours the removal of the swelling of the Belly The second Preservatory which restrains those or other Spirits from their irregular excursions into the lower Belly and together corrects the faults of the nervous liquor watering it both as to its temper or motion The third Vital by removing the Symptoms urging doth succour and sustain all the functions oppressed or weakened as much as possible may be I. The first Indication is of greatest moment The first Indication hardest on which the hinge of the whole Cure turns but it is most difficultly performed for it doth not easily appear by what remedies or wayes of administration it ought to be attempted when most weapons or medicines do little or nothing prevail against this inviolable enemy What and what sort of Medicines are good or hurtful in this Disease Phlebotomie assumes no place here but is declined for the most part as prejudicial also Catharticks insomuch as they provoke the affected fibres and disturb the Spirits and hurry them more impetuously do increase rather than diminish or cure the Tumour of the Belly in like manner Diaphoreticks impell the Spirits and the morbific particles deeper into them whereas they ought to be allured and call'd out of the Fibres The chief order of healing seems to be placed in Diureticks and the use of Clysters and also great things are expected from topical Applications because they are more immediately exhibited to the disease and as it were by contact and because they do best discusse Tumours in other places Yet not all Dissolvents are here fitting nor those which profit most in other Tumours for the more hot being given for discussing whether they are applyed by fomentation Liniments or in the form of a Cataplasm or Plaister oftner afford hurt than succour in a Tympanie for the both open and dilate the passages of the fibres that from thence they may lye more open to the incursion of the Spirits and also rarifie the particles impacted so that while they occupy a larger space an inflation and intumescency of the Belly is augmented Lastly what appertains to Alteratives which succour against other affections of the nervous kinde only a certain few are fit in a Tympanie for where
together the stagnating waters and dissipate them from thence in some measure and also recall again the blood by opening the passages into those parts from whence it was banished wherefore not only the swoln members but also the whole body once or twice in a day is expedient to be rubbed with a course Cloth or with a little Brush now ordinarily prepared for that purpose 2.3 2. Liniments and 3. Fomentations With or after Frictions Liniments and Fomentations are sometimes convenient They are prepared either of Salts and other Minerals dissolv'd or from hot and discussing Vegetables with the faeces of Wine boyl'd in water the hot application whereof opens the pores moves together more amply the accumulated waters and discusses them and also enlarges the compass of the bloody Circuit the watery heap being somewhat dissipated Let the Liniments consist of Sulphur and Salts of a diverse kind or of Quick-lime and other Minerals which being powdered and mixed with the mucilaginous Extracts of sharp Herbs are reduced into the form of an Unguent to which let a fit quantity of Oyl of Scorpions be added for the better consistency Moreover this Oyl so it be genuine applyed by it self doth frequently afford notable help I knew a Boy much swell'd with an universal Anasarca who was cured by this Remedy alone for his mother I know not by whose advice anointed his whole body morning and evening with Oyl of Scorpions strongly rubbing all the parts with her hot hand by which act within three dayes he began to pour forth abundance of Urine and when he had continued pissing so for some dayes the swelling vanishing by little and little he became sound 4. 4. Baths Baths are not convenient in any Dropsie but an Anasarca and not for this unless in a Diathesis or Declination For seeing the Blood from the heat thereof encompassing the whole Body being made boyling and stirr'd up every where puts in motion the waters formerly stagnating and swallowing them up into it self conveys them variously away the danger is lest as frequently it falls out receiving them out of the habit of the body into its own mass it should depose them presently into the Praecordia or the Brain for there in noting more usural than an affection of those parts viz. an Asthma or Apoplexie to come upon Hydropicks by unseasonable bathing But when the conjunct cause of the disease viz. a Swelling becomes moderate or not much a Bath of water impregnated with Salts and Sulphur or a Hot-house by which a gentle Sweat is promoted is frequently administred with success As for the Stew it is more expedient and oft-times notably helps that the Patients be placed in fitting Seats in Salt-houses near the Furnaces wherein Mineral Waters are boyled into Salt 5. 5. Vesicatories Vesicatories send out abundantly the waters between the skin and often too profusely Touching the manner how they operate we will treat more specially hereafter in the mean time we advise that they are very cautiously to be exhibited to Hydropicks for that Epispasticks of this kind applyed to the swell'd places do make the Emissarie too open by which apertion the water in the first place bursting out draws oftentimes a great illuvies after it from the neighbouring parts whence immediately ensues a great prostration of the Spirits Moreover sometimes the place is so suddenly emptyed that being destitute of heat and spirits it is in a short time sphacelated or mortified wherefore this Medicine is seldom applyed to the Legs or the Feet of Hydropical persons where the heat is weak and the humour greatest but sometimes to the Things and Arms with security as often as there shall be need 6. 6. Escharoticks Escharoticks are administred a little safer than Vesicatories to the swell'd places because from this Emissary the flux of waters happens not so headlong and abundant at first but commencing moderately grows up by little and little to a great stream which Nature after that by degrees it is accustomed thereunt endures the better Moreover there is less fear of a Gangrene from an Escharotick than from a Vesicatory because in that application the part whose union is dissolved is defended by the Eschar against the loss of heat I have known sometimes an illiterate and rude Empirick who frequently by an Escharotick did evacuate with success the members of hydropick persons however swell'd by the ensuing manner to wit he fomented the legs evening and morning with the Decoction of Dwarf-Elder Wormwood The empirical manner of Escharoticks Cammomile and other hot herbs put into the Lees of Ale of Wine and between the times of the Fomentations he applyed a Cataplasm prepared of the masse of that Decoction with Bran after he had used these for three dayes he covered both legs and seet with a Plaister of Burgundy Pitch leaving only a small hole on each Calf about the bigness of a Nut in which places he put an Escharotick on the bare skin of the Ashes of Ashen-bark which after twelve hours being removed a small Eschar was left from whose pores water was wont at first slowly to sweat out afterwards day by day a little more plentifully to drop out and afterward the Eschar falling off it used to flow out more abundantly as from an open Spring untill it had drein'd the whole leg both beneath and above 7. 7. Pricking with a Needle There remains another manner not inferiour though less used than the former of draining out the waters between the skin viz. by the pricking of a Needle which likewise ought cautiously and minutely to be used lest a headlong and too great efflux of waters be provok'd thereby Take an ordinary Needle such as Taylors use and let it be thrust into the skin pricking over the place chiefly swelled only so far that blood follow not and so at one time let six or seven little holes be made a thumbs breadth distant from each other from every little hole the water will issue forth by drops and so it will contiually drop out untill all the swelling vanish about the place so pricked afterwards the next time after twelve hours another while after 18 or 24 hours let the same pricking be exercised in another part of the same thigh or of the other and afterwards once or twice a day in this or that member or in both together or in more places let such Emissaries of the water between the skin be excited For in truth after this manner the hydropick illuvies may be exhausted more plentifully and safely than from any other outward Chirurgery In the mean time if the new provision thereof be provided against by inward Physick the disease will be the easier cured Moreover in a desperate Dropsie life is best prolonged by such an administration for that the waters being exhausted continually by those outward Emissaries the inner inundation of life is longer protracted Not long since an old man aged seventy years overwhelmed with a
being raised the flux of Blood often ceases if it be not very dangerous Take water of Meadow sweet Tormentil of each four ounces Remedies Saxons cool Cordial two ounces Treacle water an ounce and a half Acetum Bozoardicum three drams Syrup of Croal an ounce and a half Confection of Hyacinths two drams make a Julep the dose six spoonfuls every third hour Take of the Powder of Toads prepared half a dram Camphire two grains take it every sixth hour with the forementioned Julep Or Take Powder of Scarlet-cloth from half a dram to two Scruples as before Take Consection of Hyacinths three drams Powder of Scarlet-cloth on edram Syrup of Corals enough to make a Confection the dose the quantity of a Nutmeg every other hour Take of Bistort and Tormentil-roots of each one ounce the leaves of Meadowsweet Pimpernel Wood-sorrel of each one handful burnt Harts-horn two drams Shavings of Ivory and Hart horn of each two drams boyl them in Spring-water from three pound to two adding about the end Conserve of red Roses three ounces the dose three ounces being strained often in a day 2. Second Indication vital Hitherto of the first Indication Curatory together with the scopes of healing and forms of Remedies appointed for a Haemorrhage of the Nose happening with or without a feaver The second Indication Vital only prescribes a slender Diet temperate Cordial The Position of the Sick and a fit handling of the Patient The Provision of the first is so small and easie that there seems no need to appoint a Measure and Rules for it particularly About the latter the chief question is whether we ought to retain them within or out of their beds Without doubt the languishing and those obnoxious to often swounings are not to be roused up unless as we have already hinted it be for a Curatory attempt as to others less weak it seems so to be determijned Those whose Blood does not easily transpire by reason of the constipation of the pores Sometimes in bed and sometimes out and is incited into a greater turgescence from the heat of the bed and proner to break out it will be expedient they not only remain out of bed while bleeding but also sometimes through extern applications to be cooled in the whole habit of their body or at least in most of their members Wherefore Fabritius Hildanus relates he suddenly cured one of a great Hemorrhage of the Nostrils after many things tryed in vain by putting him into a vessel of cold water Also with like success Riverius cured another affected in like manner being taken out of his bed and laid on a woollen Matte on the Pavement he bathed his whole body with Linnen dipt in Oxycrate Yet this method is not alike convenient for all persons or at all seasons but on the contrary those whose blood is halituous and enjoying more open pores doth evaporate easily mnad being wont to be dissolved by a more moderate heat encompassing them into sweat and from thence find themselves more quiet it is more convenient that they remain within the bed not only while the blood breaks out but as long as there is danger of its return For this reason it is that many obnoxious to dreadful Hemorrhagies during the Summer when they transpire more freely live exempt from that disease but the Winter cold pressing them by reason of their pores being bound up they suffer under more frequent and dreadful Invasions 3. Third Indication Preservatory hath two intentions of healing The third Indication Preservatory which regarding the removing the Cause of that disease either stops the eruptions of blood or renders the same more rare or less and suggests these two Intentions of healing viz. 1. That the blood being restored to its due temperament and mixture may quietly circulate within the vessels without turgescency and breaking out 2. That the Vessels carrying Blood as to the structure of their little mouths and the tenours of the muscular fibres may be contained in their due state so that they neither cause those inordinate tendencies of blood towards the Head nor suffer effluxes out of the nose For both these ends too great plenty and impurity of the Blood are carefully to be provided against by Phlebotomy and Purgation seasonably used afterwards for procuring and conserving its good temperature the following Alteratives may be given at fit seasons of healing Take of Conserve of red Roses Forms of Remedies of Hipps an three ounce powder of all the Sanders an half a dram Coral prepared one dram of the reddest Crocus Martis two drams Sal Prunella four Scruples with Syrup of Coral make an Electuary take the quantity of a Chesnut early in the morning and at night by it self or drinking after it three ounces of the following water Take the tops of Cypresse Tamaris an eight handfuls St. Johns-wort Tamarisk Horsetail an four handfuls of all the Sanders bruised an one ounce of the Crum of Whitebread two pound slice them small and pour on them of new milk eight pound distill in a cold Still sweeten each dose when taken with Syrup of the juice of Plantane Take leaves of Plantane Brooklime stinging Nettles of each four handfuls to them bruised pour half a pound of the foregoing water of small Cinnamon-water two ounces press them strong the dose three ounces to four at Nine in the Morning and at Five in the Afternoon Madicines of this sort are taken in Spring and Autumn for twenty or thirty dayes with sometimes a gently Purge coming between In Summer let them drink Mineral steel-Steel-waters for a Month than which in this case there is not a better Remedy Out of many Examples of persons labouring with an Hemorrhage we only propose this one singular case I was lately consulted at a distance for a certain Gentleman that had suffered frequent and great eruptions of blood one while at the Nostrils An Example of a rare Hemorrhage anotehr while at the Hemorrhoid Vessels He had frequently used Phlebotomy by perswasion of his friends without benefit yea frequently falling into cold Sweats and Swounings after breathing a vein and notwithstanding obnoxious to eruptions of blood he was wont to be much worse I prescribed Juleps having not yet seen him and cooling Decoctions and Anodyhnes also the juicy expressions of herbs and other things cooling the blood but even from these as if all still far enough from the scope he was nothing the better At length being sent for into the Countrey to visit him I found the affection under which he suffered to be meerly or chiefly convulsive for whereas he daily bled his Pulse was weak the extreme parts cold and all his Vessels as being too much emptyed fell flat It s Aetiologie also the patient was affected with a continual Vertigo and trembling of heart and by and by with a swouning or fear of it Really the blood was so far from breaking out by reason of turgescentce that
using them But that they in the first place operate on the Spirits is manifest from hence that they exert no power on the deceased and it is an ill Omen in those that are languishing when Vesicatories have no operation because it is an Indication that the Animal Spirits are much dejected or abundantly diminished Thereofre The effects of Vesicatories it behoves to consider about the due unfolding the energy force or virtue of this remedy what humours it either immediately or mediately evacuates or alters and afterwards in what Diseases and bodies how disposed it either profits or hurts First 1. As to humours of the Skin As to the former the humours that are immediately sent out by a Vesicatory drop forth partly from the pores and glandules of the Skin and partly out of the mouths of the little Arteries and partly out of the extremities of the Nervous fibres perhaps some little of the Juice newly received out of the mouths of the veins though not much seems to be carryed back The humours mediately drawn out by a Vesicatory are those which the aforesaid parts being emptyed receive elsewhere and derive them forth 1. The Skin is a thick Memgbrane consisting of a double Coat very porous also thick set about with most numerous galndules with fat as also the ends of the Vessels and fibres being terminated therein and thickly woven one within another Wherefore while a portion of it is made bare the Scars-skin being taken off with a Vesicatory and the nervous sibres being twitched do bind together and wreath the glandules and pores the serous humour contained in both is most plentifully squeezed out And whereas some pores are pervious into others the Serum doth not only flow out of the place blister'd but sometimes into the little holes first so emptyed a portion of the Serum coming from the neighbouring pores succeeds and thence by and by sweats out wherefore in Patients affected with an Anasarca the little ulcers raised by a Vesicatory exhaust the waters every where in great plenty and draw them out of the neighbourhood yea and sometimes at a great distance 2. 2. In respect of the blood The little mouths of the Arteries being uncovered and twitched about the blistered place do not only vomit out a portion of the Serum brought to them by ordinary custom but the serous liquor being imbued with the Stimula of the medicine in the whole mass of blood immediately is separated more plentifully from the blood and at every turn of Circulation a greater plenty thereof is thrown out by the same mouths of the Arteries continually irritated Which they purge and alter Moreover together with the Serum as it were so stagnating and therefore removed from the whole blood into the little ulcers of the skin other recrements and sometimes the morbific matter it self depart in plenty and are dispatched forth by the same Emissaries and for this reason in malignant feavers yea in some putrid that are difficult to be judged of when the recrements and corruptions of the blood unapt to be thrown off do threaten the Praecordia or Brain Vesicatories continually and leisurely draining it do frequently yield notable relief whereunto we may adde that they do also alter and restore as we before mentined the blood degenerate or depraved as to its Salts and also by opening or subtiliing its consistence dispose it towards an Eucrasie wherefore not only in a seaverish state of Blood but also in a state otherwise peccant or of ill Juice this kind of remedy is often extreamly convenient 3. 3. In respect of the Nerves and of the humours abounding in them and in the nervous parts Both reason and experience have enough proved that Vesicatories evacuate a certain humour from the Nerves and nervous Fibres and for that cause profit very much in convulsive distempers For surely we have in another place clearly enouth demonstrated that the watery liquor of the Brain and Nervous sytem doth sometimes abound with heterogeneous Particles Also it is manifest by frequent and familiar observation that the impurities and recrements of that liquor together with the watery Juice do spontaneously sweat out from the Nerves and nervous Fibres when the fluor is raised and either restagnating within the mass of blood are carryed off by Urine or by Sweats or being deposited within the Cavities of the bowels are dispatched by Vomit or Stool Wherefore when a Vesicatory is applyed the extremities of the Nerves and nervous Fibres being made bare and very much angred immediately a humour abounding near their ends is voided and also the whole Juice planted within their passages by a long succession is chafed and delivered from stagnation and the heterogeneous particles mixt with that nervous Juice being every where agitated and derived from the Brain slide towards their newly opened Emissary by degrees and at length are removed wholly forth From these things we may collect For the curing of what Diseases Vesicatories are convenient for the Cure of what Diseases this kind of remedy doth chiefly conduce for by reason of its evacuation out of the pores and glandules of the skin as often as any serous salt sharp or otherwise hurtful humour is collected in those parts or their neighbourhood and being excluded from the Circulation of blood shall obstinately stick in that place surely there is no more ready or easie way afforded for drawintg it forth than by applying a Vesicatory 1. In all cutaneous Distempers upon or below the place affected Wherefore it is not only indicated by an Anasarca or by any foulness or eruptions of the Skin but moreover a Vesicatory is required for pains either arthritical or scorbutical fixt any where in the extern habit of the body or in any certain member Secondly In respect of the Blood Vesictatories are always used in malignant Feavers 2. They take away the impurities and ill temperament of the blood as well to purge out leisurely any heterogeneous or morbific matter as to change it from a disposition either too acid or salt or otherwise peccant into a right temperament yea they are of most excellent use in all putrid feavers of ill habit and hard to be judged of Also for that cause in the Scurvy Leucophlegmatia This Remedy is profitable in those Diseases which the blood produces in other parts Pica Virginum or Green Sickness also in any other ill habit of body this kind of remedy affords frequently notable help Moreover not only for the sake of correcting the blood it self but besides as often as it being depraved spreads its corruption on other parts and so doth first beget diseases in the Head the Chest the nether Belly or Members and then excites their Fits Vesicatories are usually exhibited with success Wherefore it is a common remedy in Head-aches a Vertigo and soporiferous affections no less than in a Catarrh or any defluxion either into the Eyes Nose Palate or Lungs in which
physical hours and also constantly instead of ordinary drink Take the Shavings of Willow half a pound of Sarsaperilla eight ounces whits Sanders Lignum Lentiscinum of each two ounces Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each six drams Filings of Tin crude Antimony of each four ounces tyed in a rag of Liquorish one ounce infuse them in sixteen pound of Spring-water and boyl them to half keep it strained for use Fifthly Medicines of Steel 5. Medicines of Steel in that they are every where accounted among the more excellent Remedies are wont seldom to be omitted in this Disease although not frequently given with success for most Preparations of Steel wherein the Sulphureous Particles predominate inasmuch as they ferment the blood and irritate it into Critical Effervescences do cause these impetiginous eruptions to augment rather than diminish notwithstanding the Salt Syrup Tinctures and infusions of Vitriol inasmuch as they fix the Blood and something restrain the raging of the Salts do fitly enough agree with the intention of Cure now proposed but being weak in efficacy they do not prevail against so Herculean a Disease Wherefore Sixthly these and many other Remedies nothing availing 6. Sallvation many commend Salivation as the stoutest Wrestler and only match for such an Enemy Yet the event doth not always answer this great expectation for I have experimented this remedy without success in four Patients labouring under a painful Impetigo which had resisted other Medicines Some of these were provok'd to abundant Spitting by Unction with Quick-silver others by doses of Solar Precipitate which they have endured for the space of twenty dayes which time being elapsed all the scaly eruptions and clusters of wheals have vanished notwithstanding to confirm the Cure a Diet-drink of the Decoction of Sarsa was appointed and frequent sweating under a Cradle and due purgation between was continued for a month Notwithstanding this Course being finished Salivation does not alwayes cure this Disease when no footsteps of the distemper seemed to be left within another month a new stock of the same Disease beginning to break out it encreased quickly to its usual maturity Moreover when one of them would repeat this course and another after two relapses would experiment it the third time both of them at length after great sufferings of Pain despaired of Cure Whence it is manifest that the Venereal Distemper although highly malignant and raising most filthy Ulcers consuming the flesh and bones is more easily and certainly cured than the Impetigo The reason whereof if we enquire Why the Impetigo is more difficult of Cure than the Pox. may plainly be conceived for that the cause of the latter Disease consists in a malignant and altogether heterogeneous pollution infecting and poysoning the blood and nervous Liquor for a certain time but not altogether overthrowing or for ever depraving its temperament wherefore the Cure is performed by Salivation or a sudorifick Diet eradicating all that venom and then the natural disposition of the blood and humours remains entire But in a more difficult Impetigo the Elemental particles and first Constitutives of the blood are corrupted insomuch that unless the natural disposition and constitution of these are restored all Evacuations and Expurgations of any venemous malignant and heterogeneous matter however plentiful and eradicative do little or nothing prevail Wherefore many famous Physicians not undeservedly judg'd this Disease being confirmed and raised to the borders of a Leprosie to be hardly or never cured Secondly Impetigo succeeding a Scurvy how to be cured No better event attends this malady ensuing upon an inveterate Scurvy perhaps hence the intentions of healing are a little more certain when this Distemper is placed as the Basis or root of that to wit that the chief curing Indication being taken from thence we must chiefly insist upon Antiscorbutical remedies but the more sharp and hot of this kind as the Garden Scurvy-grass Water-cresses the Horse-rhadish Hot antiscorbuticks do not agree Pepperwort and others too much irritating the blood inasmuch as they dissolve the temperament thereof more and drive out more plentifully the Tartarous Coagulum to the skin are always discovered to be more prejudicial than advantagious and for this reason the use of Baths Nor Baths or bathing in hot waters which namely evacuate the humours of the whole body by an abundant Evaporation and cleanse the pores of the skin and seem very available in this malady often-times are so far from helping that those Eruptions are wont to be exasperated from thence and very much encreased for I have known many not extreamly Impetiginous to have gone to our Baths to bathe in the hot waters that have returned altogether Leprous But only the more temperate Remedies endued with a nitrous vitriolick or volatile Salt Wherefore when the Symptoms of this distemper arise from a scorbutick evil all elastick things are to be avoided and only the more temperate endued with a Nitrous Vitriolic or volatile Salt are to be administred We will lay down some Models of each sort As first Crystal Mineral Juices of some Herbs and Decoctions Salt and Mineral purging Waters are most predominant with a Nitrous Salt Take of Crystal Mineral Forms of Nitrous Medicines or Nitre purified one ounce Flowers of Sal Armoniack one dram bruise them in a glass Mortar give one dram three or four times in twenty four hours Take of the leaves of Housleek the greater two handfuls bruise it and boyl it in two pound and a half of new Milk till it turn to Curds and Whey strain it and take a pint of the clear liquor twice in a day Take of the leaves of Dandelyon six handfuls Water of Sow-thistles bruise them and put them into a glazed earthen pot with a cover which put in an Oven after the bread is drawn out let it stand six or seven hours then pour it through a Strainer the dose is four ounces to six of the clear liquor thrice or oftner in a day Cucumbers being endowed with a Nitrous quality are advantagious by experience against this disease Cucumbers wherefore in lieu of a Sallad let them be plentifully and often eaten moreover three of four of them cut into slices let them be infused and stopt close in three pints of spring-Spring-water all night to the clear liquor poured out adde Sal Prunella two or three drams the dose is half a pint thrice or oftener in a day For the same purpose Decoctions of the leaves in running water together with the fruit do profit 1. Purging Mineral Waters Certain mineral purging waters of which sort are chiefly those of North-hall an Analysis being made by Evaporation manifestly shew a Nitrous Salt with which they are imbued and I have sometimes found the daily drinking about four pintes for many dayes to help against a gentle Impetigo 2. Vitriolick acidule waters But as I have before hinted those Mineral waters endued with a