of_o the_o like_a nature_n as_o for_o what_o be_v common_o say_v that_o oil_n dissolve_v sulphur_n and_o saline_n menstruum_n metal_n because_o as_o they_o speak_v simile_n simili_fw-la gaudet_fw-la i_o answer_v that_o where_o there_o be_v any_o such_o similitude_n it_o may_v be_v very_o probable_o ascribe_v not_o so_o much_o with_o the_o chemist_n that_o favour_n aristotle_n to_o the_o essential_a form_n of_o the_o body_n that_o be_v to_o work_v on_o each_o other_o nor_o with_o the_o mere_a chemist_n to_o their_o salt_n or_o sulphur_n or_o mercury_n as_o such_o but_o to_o the_o congruity_n between_o the_o pore_n and_o figure_n of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la and_o the_o body_n dissolve_v by_o it_o and_o to_o some_o other_o mechanical_a affection_n of_o they_o exper._n fourteen_o for_o silver_n for_o example_n not_o only_o will_v be_v dissolve_v by_o nitre_n which_o they_o reckon_v a_o salt_n but_o be_v amalgame_v with_o and_o consequent_o dissolve_v by_o quicksilver_n and_o also_o by_o the_o operation_n of_o brimstone_n be_v easy_o incorporate_v with_o that_o mineral_n which_o chemist_n be_v wont_a to_o account_v of_o so_o oleaginous_a a_o nature_n and_o insoluble_a in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la exper._n xv._n and_o as_o for_o those_o dissolution_n that_o be_v make_v with_o oily_a and_o inflammable_a menstruum_n of_o common_a sulphur_n and_o other_o inflammable_a body_n the_o dissolution_n do_v not_o make_v for_o they_o so_o clear_o as_o they_o imagine_v for_o if_o such_o menstruum_n operate_v as_o be_v allege_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o be_v as_o well_o as_o the_o body_n they_o work_v upon_o of_o a_o sulphureous_a nature_n whence_o be_v it_o that_o high_o rectify_a spirit_n of_o wine_n which_o according_a to_o they_o must_v be_v of_o a_o most_o sulphureous_a nature_n since_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n it_o will_v flame_v all_o away_o without_o leave_v one_o drop_n behind_o it_o will_v not_o unless_o perhaps_o after_o a_o tedious_a while_n dissolve_v even_o flower_n of_o brimstone_n which_o essential_a as_o well_o as_o express_v oil_n will_v easy_o take_v up_o as_o spirit_n of_o wine_n itself_o also_o will_v do_v almost_o in_o a_o trice_n if_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v anon_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o alcali_n the_o texture_n of_o the_o brimstone_n be_v alter_v though_o the_o only_a thing_n that_o be_v add_v to_o the_o sulphur_n be_v a_o incombustible_a substance_n be_v nothing_o near_o of_o so_o sulphureous_a a_o nature_n as_o the_o flower_n and_o need_n have_v no_o consanguinity_n upon_o the_o score_n of_o its_o origine_fw-la with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n as_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o salt_n of_o tartar_n have_v since_o i_o have_v try_v that_o fix_v nitre_n employ_v instead_o of_o it_o will_v do_v the_o same_o exper._n xvi_o the_o mention_n of_o nitre_n bring_v into_o my_o mind_n that_o the_o saltpetre_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v look_v upon_o by_o chemist_n as_o a_o very_a inflammable_a body_n oughts_z according_a to_o they_o to_o be_v of_o a_o very_a sulphureous_a nature_n yet_o we_o find_v not_o that_o it_o be_v in_o chemical_a oil_n but_o in_o water_n ready_o dissolve_v and_o whereas_o chemist_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o solution_n of_o alcaly_n such_o as_o salt_n of_o tartar_n or_o of_o pot-ash_n in_o common_a oil_n proceed_v from_o the_o great_a cognation_n between_o they_o i_o demand_v whence_o it_o happen_v that_o salt_n of_o tartar_n will_v by_o boil_a be_v dissolve_v in_o the_o express_a oil_n of_o almond_n or_o of_o olive_n and_o be_v reduce_v with_o it_o to_o a_o soapy_a body_n and_o that_o yet_o with_o the_o essential_a oil_n of_o juniper_n or_o aniseed_n etc._n etc._n where_o what_o they_o call_v the_o sulphur_n be_v make_v pure_a and_o penetrant_fw-la be_v free_v from_o the_o earthy_a aqueous_a and_o feculent_a part_n which_o distillation_n discover_v to_o be_v in_o the_o express_a oil_n you_o may_v boil_v salt_n of_o tartar_n twenty_o time_n as_o long_o without_o make_v any_o soap_n of_o they_o or_o perhaps_o any_o sensible_a solution_n of_o the_o alkaly_n and_o chemist_n know_v how_o difficult_a it_o be_v and_o how_o unsuccessful_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v attempt_v to_o dissolve_v pure_a salt_n of_o tartar_n in_o pure_a spirit_n of_o wine_n by_o digest_v the_o not_o peculiar_o prepare_v salt_n in_o the_o cognate_n menstruum_fw-la i_o will_v not_o urge_v that_o though_o the_o most_o conspicuous_a mark_n of_o sulphur_n be_v inflammability_n and_o be_v in_o a_o eminent_a degree_n to_o be_v find_v in_o oil_n as_o well_o as_o sulphur_n yet_o a_o alkaly_a and_o water_n which_o be_v neither_o single_o nor_o unite_a inflammable_a will_v dissolve_v common_a sulphur_n exper._n xvii_o but_o to_o make_v it_o probable_a against_o the_o chemist_n for_o i_o propose_v it_o but_o as_o a_o argument_n ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la that_o the_o solution_n of_o sulphur_n in_o express_a oil_n depend_v upon_o somewhat_o else_o beside_o the_o abundance_n of_o the_o second_o principle_n in_o both_o the_o body_n i_o will_v add_v to_o what_o i_o say_v before_o a_o affirmation_n of_o divers_a chemical_a writer_n themselves_o who_o reckon_v aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la which_o be_v plain_o a_o saline_n menstruum_fw-la and_o dissolve_v copper_n iron_n coral_n etc._n etc._n like_o acid_n liquor_n among_o the_o solvent_n of_o sulphur_n and_o by_o that_o power_n among_o other_o thing_n distinguish_v it_o from_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o there_o be_v a_o congruity_n betwixt_o a_o express_a oil_n and_o another_o body_n though_o it_o be_v such_o as_o by_o its_o easy_a dissolubleness_n in_o acid_n salt_n chemist_n shall_v pronounce_v to_o be_v of_o a_o saline_a nature_n a_o express_a oil_n will_v ready_o enough_o work_v upon_o it_o as_o i_o have_v try_v by_o digest_v even_o crude_a copper_n in_o file_n with_o oil_n of_o sweet_a almond_n which_o take_v up_o so_o much_o of_o the_o metal_n as_o to_o be_v deep_o colour_v thereby_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o corrosive_a liquor_n nay_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o even_o with_o milk_n as_o mild_a a_o liquor_n as_o it_o be_v i_o have_v find_v by_o trial_n that_o without_o the_o help_n of_o fire_n a_o kind_n of_o dissolution_n may_v though_o not_o in_o few_o hour_n be_v make_v of_o crude_a copper_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o greenish_a blue_a colour_n the_o file_n acquire_v when_o they_o have_v be_v well_o drench_v in_o the_o liquor_n and_o leave_v for_o a_o certain_a time_n in_o the_o vessel_n where_o the_o air_n have_v very_o free_a access_n to_o they_o exper._n xviii_o beside_o the_o argument_n ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la new_o draw_v from_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la it_o may_v be_v proper_a enough_o to_o urge_v another_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n upon_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o helmontian_o and_o paracelsian_n who_o admit_v what_o the_o head_n of_o their_o sect_n deliver_v concern_v the_o operation_n of_o the_o alkahe_a for_o whereas_o it_o be_v affirm_v that_o this_o irresistible_a menstruum_fw-la will_n dissolve_v all_o tangible_a body_n here_o below_o so_o as_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v into_o insipid_a water_n as_o on_o the_o one_o side_n it_o will_v be_v very_o hard_a to_o conceive_v how_o a_o specificated_a menstruum_fw-la that_o be_v determine_v to_o be_v either_o acid_n or_o lixiviate_v or_o urinous_a etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v able_a to_o dissolve_v so_o great_a a_o variety_n of_o body_n of_o differ_v and_o perhaps_o contrary_a nature_n in_o some_o whereof_o acid_v in_o other_o lixiviate_v salt_n and_o in_o other_o urinous_a be_v predominant_a so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o alkahe_a be_v not_o a_o specificated_a menstruum_fw-la it_o will_v very_o much_o disfavour_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o chemist_n that_o will_v have_v some_o body_n dissoluble_a only_o by_o acid_n as_o such_o other_o by_o fix_a alkalys_n and_o other_o again_o by_o volatile_a salt_n since_o a_o menstruum_fw-la that_o be_v neither_o acid_n lixiviate_v nor_o urinous_a be_v able_a to_o dissolve_v body_n in_o some_o of_o which_o one_o and_o in_o other_o another_o of_o those_o principle_n be_v predominant_a so_o that_o if_o a_o liquor_n be_v convenient_o qualify_v it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v either_o acid_n to_o dissolve_v pearl_n or_o coral_n or_o alkalizate_a to_o dissolve_v sulphur_n but_o upon_o what_o mechanical_a account_n a_o analyze_a menstruum_fw-la may_v operate_v be_v not_o necessary_a to_o be_v here_o determine_v and_o i_o elsewhere_o offer_v some_o thought_n of_o i_o about_o it_o exper._n xix_o if_o we_o due_o reflect_v upon_o the_o know_a process_n that_o chemist_n be_v wont_a to_o employ_v in_o make_v mercurius_n dulcis_fw-la we_o shall_v find_v it_o very_o favourable_a to_o our_o hypothesis_n for_o though_o we_o have_v already_o show_v in_o the_o v._o experiment_n and_o it_o be_v general_o confess_v that_o common_a sublimate_n make_v of_o mercury_n be_v a_o high_o corrosive_a body_n yet_o
as_o will_v not_o be_v only_o very_a sensible_a to_o his_o hand_n that_o hold_v the_o glass_n whilst_o the_o dissolution_n be_v make_v but_o will_v very_o manifest_o discover_v itself_o by_o its_o operation_n upon_o a_o thermoscope_n nay_o i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o by_o wet_v the_o outside_n of_o the_o glass_n where_o the_o dissolution_n be_v make_v and_o nimble_o stir_v the_o mixture_n turn_v that_o external_o adhere_v water_n into_o real_a ice_n that_o be_v scrape_v off_o with_o a_o knife_n in_o less_o than_o a_o minute_n of_o a_o hour_n and_o this_o thus_o generate_v cold_a continue_v considerable_o intense_a whilst_o the_o action_n of_o dissolution_n last_v but_o afterward_o by_o degree_n abate_v and_o within_o a_o very_a few_o hour_n cease_v the_o particular_a phaenomena_n i_o have_v note_v in_o the_o experiment_n and_o the_o practical_a use_n that_o may_v be_v make_v of_o it_o i_o reserve_v for_o another_o place_n transact_v the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o be_v not_o necessary_a in_o this_o where_o what_o i_o have_v already_o relate_v may_v suffice_v for_o my_o present_a argument_n and_o to_o show_v that_o not_o only_o a_o far_a more_z intense_a degree_n of_o cold_a may_v emerge_n in_o this_o mixture_n than_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o either_o of_o the_o ingredient_n before_o they_o be_v mingle_v but_o a_o considerable_a coldness_n may_v be_v begin_v to_o be_v produce_v between_o body_n that_o be_v neither_o of_o they_o actual_o cold_a before_o they_o be_v put_v together_o i_o will_v subjoin_v a_o transcript_n of_o what_o i_o find_v to_o this_o purpose_n among_o my_o adversaria_fw-la exper._n ii_o i_o remember_v that_o once_o i_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o try_v whether_o the_o coldness_n produce_v upon_o the_o solution_n of_o beat_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a in_o water_n may_v not_o be_v more_o probable_o refer_v to_o some_o change_n of_o texture_n or_o motion_n result_v from_o the_o action_n of_o the_o liquor_n upon_o the_o salt_n than_o to_o any_o infrigidation_n of_o the_o water_n make_v by_o the_o sudden_a dispersion_n of_o so_o many_o saline_n grain_n of_o powder_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o solidity_n may_v be_v suspect_v to_o be_v actual_o more_o cold_a than_o the_o water_n they_o be_v put_v into_o i_o therefore_o provide_v a_o glass_n full_a of_o that_o liquor_n and_o have_v bring_v it_o to_o such_o a_o temper_n that_o its_o warmth_n make_v the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n in_o the_o seal_a weatherglass_n manifest_o though_o not_o nimble_o ascend_v i_o take_v out_o the_o thermoscope_n and_o lay_v it_o in_o powder_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a warm_v beforehand_o so_o that_o the_o tinct_a liquor_n be_v make_v to_o ascend_v much_o nimbly_o by_o the_o salt_n than_o just_a before_o by_o the_o water_n and_o have_v present_o remove_v the_o instrument_n into_o that_o liquor_n again_o and_o pour_v the_o somewhat_o warm_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a into_o the_o same_o i_o find_v as_o i_o imagine_v that_o within_o a_o space_n of_o time_n which_o i_o guess_v to_o be_v about_o half_a a_o minute_n or_o less_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n begin_v hasty_o to_o subside_n and_o within_o a_o few_o minute_n fall_v above_o a_o whole_a division_n and_o a_o quarter_n below_o the_o mark_n at_o which_o it_o stand_v in_o the_o water_n before_o that_o liquor_n or_o the_o salt_n be_v warm_v nor_o do_v the_o spirit_n in_o a_o great_a while_n reascend_v to_o the_o height_n which_o it_o have_v when_o the_o water_n be_v cold_a the_o same_o experiment_n be_v at_o another_o time_n reiterated_a be_v try_v with_o the_o like_a success_n which_o second_o may_v therefore_o serve_v for_o a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o first_o exper._n iii_o have_v a_o mind_n likewise_o to_o show_v some_o ingenious_a man_n how_o much_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n and_o cold_a depend_v upon_o texture_n and_o other_o mechanical_a affection_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o make_v again_o a_o shall_v ammoniac_a by_o a_o way_n i_o former_o publish_v that_o i_o may_v be_v sure_a to_o know_v what_o ingredient_n i_o employ_v and_o show_v their_o effect_n as_o well_o before_o conjunction_n as_o after_o it_o i_o take_v then_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o spirit_n of_o fermented_a or_o rather_o putrify_a urine_n and_o have_v put_v a_o seal_a weatherglass_n into_o a_o open_a vessel_n where_o one_o of_o they_o be_v pour_v in_o i_o put_v the_o other_o by_o degree_n to_o it_o and_o observe_v that_o as_o upon_o their_o mingle_n they_o make_v a_o great_a noise_n with_o many_o bubble_n so_o in_o this_o conflict_n they_o lose_v their_o former_a coldness_n and_o impel_v up_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n in_o the_o seal_a thermoscope_n then_o slow_o evaporate_n the_o superfluous_a moisture_n i_o obtain_v a_o fine_a sort_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a for_o the_o most_o part_n figure_v not_o unlike_o the_o other_o when_o be_v dissolve_v and_o filtrate_v it_o be_v wary_o coagulate_v this_o new_a salt_n be_v gentle_o dry_v i_o put_v into_o a_o wide_a glass_n of_o water_n wherein_o i_o have_v before_o place_v a_o seal_a weatherglass_n that_o the_o include_v spirit_n may_v acquire_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la liquor_n and_o have_v stir_v this_o salt_n in_o the_o water_n though_o i_o take_v it_o then_o off_o the_o mantletree_n of_o a_o chimney_n that_o have_v have_v fire_n in_o it_o divers_a hour_n before_o it_o do_v as_o i_o expect_v make_v the_o tinct_a spirit_n hasty_o subside_o and_o fall_v considerable_o low_a exper._n iu._n since_o if_o two_o body_n upon_o their_o mixture_n acquire_v a_o great_a degree_n of_o cold_a than_o either_o of_o they_o have_v before_o there_o be_v a_o production_n of_o this_o additional_a degree_n of_o that_o quality_n it_o will_v be_v proper_a to_o add_v on_o this_o occasion_n the_o ensue_a experiment_n we_o take_v a_o competent_a quantity_n of_o acid_a spirit_n distil_v from_o roch-allom_n that_o though_o rectify_v be_v but_o weak_a which_o in_o the_o spirit_n of_o that_o salt_n be_v not_o strange_a of_o this_o we_o put_v into_o a_o wide_a mouth_a glass_n that_o be_v not_o great_a more_o than_o be_v sufficient_a to_o cover_v the_o globulous_a part_n of_o a_o good_a seal_a thermoscope_n and_o then_o suffer_v the_o instrument_n to_o stay_v a_o pretty_a while_n in_o the_o liquor_n that_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n may_v be_v cool_v as_o much_o as_o the_o ambient_fw-la be_v we_o put_v in_o little_a by_o little_a some_o volatile_a salt_n sublime_v from_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a and_o a_o fix_a alcali_n and_o notwithstanding_o the_o very_a numerous_a but_o not_o great_a bubble_n and_o the_o noise_n and_o froth_n that_o be_v produce_v as_o be_v usual_a upon_o the_o reaction_n of_o acid_n and_o alcalys_n the_o tinct_a spirit_n in_o the_o weatherglass_n after_o have_v continue_v a_o good_a while_n at_o a_o stand_n begin_v a_o little_a to_o descend_v and_o continue_v though_o but_o very_o slow_o to_o do_v so_o till_o the_o spirit_n of_o allom_n be_v glut_v with_o the_o volatile_a salt_n and_o this_o descent_n of_o the_o tinct_a liquor_n in_o the_o instrument_n be_v measure_v appear_v to_o be_v about_o a_o inch_n for_o it_o manifest_o exceed_v seven_o eighth_n by_o compare_v this_o experiment_n with_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o forego_n we_o may_v gather_v that_o when_o volatile_a and_o urinous_a salt_n or_o spirit_n for_o the_o saline_a particle_n appear_v sometime_o in_o a_o dry_a and_o sometime_o in_o a_o liquid_a form_n tumultuate_v upon_o their_o be_v mix_v with_o acid_n neither_o the_o heat_n nor_o the_o cold_a that_o ensue_v be_v produce_v by_o a_o conflict_n with_o the_o acid_v precise_o as_o it_o be_v acid_n since_o we_o have_v see_v that_o a_o urinous_a spirit_n produce_v a_o actual_a heat_n with_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o the_o distil_a salt_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a which_o be_v also_o urinous_a with_o the_o acid_a spirit_n of_o roch-allom_n produce_v not_o a_o true_a effervescence_n but_o a_o manifest_a coldness_n as_o the_o same_o salt_n also_o do_v in_o a_o trial_n of_o another_o sort_n which_o be_v this_o exper._n v._n we_o take_v one_o part_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o shake_v it_o into_o twelve_o part_n of_o water_n we_o make_v a_o mixture_n that_o at_o first_o be_v sensible_o warm_a then_o suffer_v this_o to_o cool_v we_o put_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o it_o into_o a_o wide_a mouth_a glass_n and_o then_o we_o put_v a_o good_a thermoscope_n hermetical_o seal_v above_o who_o ball_n the_o compound_a liquor_n reach_v a_o pretty_a way_n after_o some_o time_n have_v be_v allow_v that_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o thermometer_n may_v acquire_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la we_o put_v in_o by_o degree_n as_o much_o volatile_a salt_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a as_o will_v serve_v to_o satiate_v the_o acid_a spirit_n of_o the_o mixture_n for_o though_o these_o two_o make_v a_o notable_a conflict_n with_o tumult_n
small_a a_o quantity_n of_o poison_n some_o small_a concretion_n or_o coagulation_n make_v of_o the_o minute_n particle_n of_o the_o blood_n into_o little_a clot_n less_o agile_a and_o more_o unwieldy_a than_o they_o be_v when_o they_o move_v separately_z which_o may_v be_v illustrate_v by_o the_o little_a curdling_n that_o may_v be_v make_v of_o the_o part_n of_o milk_n by_o a_o very_a small_a proportion_n of_o runnet_n or_o some_o acid_a liquor_n and_o the_o little_a coagulation_n make_v of_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n by_o that_o of_o urine_n nor_o will_v i_o now_o inquire_v whether_o beside_o the_o retardment_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o blood_n some_o poison_n and_o other_o analogous_a agent_n may_v not_o give_v the_o motion_n of_o it_o a_o new_a modification_n as_o if_o some_o corpuscle_n that_o usual_o be_v more_o whirl_v or_o brandish_v be_v put_v into_o a_o more_o direct_a motion_n that_o may_v give_v it_o a_o peculiar_a kind_n of_o grate_v or_o other_o action_n upon_o 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joint_o cold_a in_o reference_n to_o water_n and_o though_o however_o nitre_n be_v thorough_o melt_v in_o a_o crucible_n it_o will_v not_o take_v fire_n of_o itself_o yet_o if_o whilst_o it_o be_v in_o fusion_n you_o shall_v by_o degree_n cast_v on_o it_o some_o powder_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a it_o will_v take_v fire_n and_o flash_v vehement_o almost_o as_o if_o sulphur_n have_v be_v inject_v but_o our_o excursion_n have_v i_o fear_v last_v too_o long_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v present_o re-enter_v into_o the_o way_n and_o proceed_v to_o set_v down_o some_o trial_n about_o cold._n exper._n viii_o in_o the_o first_o experiment_n we_o observe_v that_o upon_o the_o pour_v of_o water_n upon_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a there_o ensue_v a_o intense_a degree_n of_o cold_a and_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o recite_v that_o the_o like_a effect_n be_v produce_v by_o put_v instead_o of_o common_a water_n oil_n of_o vitriol_n to_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a but_o now_o to_o show_v further_o what_o influence_n 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in_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o of_o some_o other_o salt_n that_o be_v not_o acid_a in_o the_o same_o menstruum_fw-la and_o even_o spirit_n of_o verdigrease_n make_v per_fw-la se_fw-la though_o a_o more_o potent_a menstruum_fw-la then_o common_a spirit_n of_o vinegar_n will_v not_o constant_o produce_v near_o such_o a_o heat_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o its_o operation_n as_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o seem_a effervescence_n then_o excite_v will_v make_v one_o expect_v as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o follow_a observation_n transcribe_v verbatim_o out_o of_o one_o of_o my_o adversaria_fw-la into_o eight_o ounce_n of_o spirit_n of_o verdigrease_n into_o which_o we_o have_v put_v a_o while_n before_o a_o standard-thermoscope_a to_o acquire_v the_o like_a temper_n with_o the_o liquor_n we_o put_v in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n two_o ounce_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n as_o fast_o as_o we_o dare_v for_o fear_n of_o make_v the_o
to_o the_o fire_n and_o the_o other_o be_v benumb_v with_o frost_n and_o indeed_o the_o custom_n of_o speak_v have_v introduce_v a_o ambiguity_n into_o the_o word_n cold_a which_o often_o occasion_n mistake_v not_o easy_o without_o much_o attention_n and_o sometime_o circumlocution_n also_o to_o be_v avoid_v since_o usual_o by_o cold_a be_v mean_v that_o which_o immediate_o affect_v the_o sensory_a of_o he_o that_o pronounce_v a_o body_n cold_a whereas_o sometime_o it_o be_v take_v in_o a_o more_o general_a notion_n for_o such_o a_o negation_n or_o imminution_n of_o motion_n as_o though_o it_o operate_v not_o perceivable_o on_o our_o sense_n do_v yet_o upon_o other_o body_n and_o sometime_o also_o it_o be_v take_v which_o be_v perhaps_o the_o more_o philosophical_a sense_n for_o a_o perception_n make_v in_o and_o by_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o alteration_n produce_v in_o the_o corporeal_a organ_n by_o the_o operation_n of_o that_o whatever_o it_o be_v on_o who_o account_n a_o body_n be_v 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instance_n new_o mention_v and_o especial_o that_o of_o flame_n which_o be_v a_o body_n and_o by_o the_o diffusion_n that_o metal_n acquire_v when_o they_o be_v melt_v and_o by_o the_o operation_n of_o heat_n that_o be_v exercise_v by_o hot_a body_n upon_o other_o in_o what_o posture_n or_o situation_n soever_o the_o body_n to_o be_v heat_v be_v apply_v to_o they_o as_o a_o thorough_o ignited_a coal_n will_v appear_v every_o way_n red_a and_o will_v melt_v wax_n and_o kindle_v brimstone_n whether_o the_o body_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o upper_a or_o to_o the_o low_a or_o to_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o burn_a coal_n and_o congruous_o to_o this_o notion_n though_o air_n and_o water_n be_v move_v never_o so_o vehement_o as_o in_o high_a wind_n and_o cataract_n yet_o we_o be_v not_o to_o expect_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v manifest_o hot_a because_o the_o vehemency_n belong_v to_o the_o progressive_a motion_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n notwithstanding_o which_o the_o part_n it_o consist_v of_o may_v not_o be_v near_o so_o much_o quicken_v in_o their_o motion_n make_v according_a to_o other_o determination_n as_o to_o become_v sensible_o hot_a and_o this_o consideration_n may_v keep_v it_o from_o seem_v strange_a that_o in_o some_o case_n where_o the_o whole_a body_n though_o rapid_o move_v tend_v but_o one_o way_n it_o be_v not_o by_o that_o swift_a motion_n perceive_v to_o be_v make_v hot._n nay_o though_o the_o agitation_n be_v very_o various_a as_o well_o as_o vehement_a there_o be_v yet_o a_o three_o condition_n require_v to_o make_v it_o calorific_a namely_o that_o the_o agitate_a particle_n or_o at_o least_o the_o great_a number_n of_o they_o be_v so_o minute_n as_o to_o be_v single_o insensible_a for_o though_o a_o heap_n of_o sand_n or_o dust_n itself_o be_v vehement_o and_o confuse_o agitate_a by_o a_o whirlwind_n the_o bulk_n of_o the_o grain_n or_o corpuscle_n will_v keep_v their_o agitation_n from_o be_v proper_o heat_v though_o by_o their_o numerous_a stroke_n upon_o a_o man_n face_n and_o the_o brisk_a commotion_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o other_o small_a particle_n that_o may_v thence_o ensue_v they_o may_v perchance_o occasion_v the_o production_n of_o that_o quality_n if_o some_o attention_n be_v employ_v in_o consider_v the_o former_o propose_v notion_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o heat_n it_o may_v not_o be_v difficult_a to_o discern_v that_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o it_o may_v be_v divers_a way_n effect_v for_o except_v in_o some_o few_o anomalous_a case_n wherein_o the_o regular_a course_n of_o thing_n happen_v to_o be_v overrule_v by_o whatever_o way_n the_o insensible_a part_n of_o a_o body_n be_v put_v into_o a_o very_a confuse_a and_o vehement_a agitation_n by_o the_o same_o way_n heat_n may_v be_v introduce_v into_o that_o body_n agreeable_o to_o which_o doctrine_n as_o there_o be_v several_a agent_n and_o operation_n by_o which_o this_o calorific_a motion_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o may_v be_v excite_v so_o there_o may_v be_v several_a way_n of_o mechanical_o produce_v heat_n and_o many_o experiment_n may_v be_v reduce_v to_o almost_o each_o of_o they_o chance_v itself_o have_v in_o the_o laboratory_n of_o chemist_n afford_v divers_a phaenomena_n referrable_a to_o one_o or_o other_o of_o those_o head_n many_o of_o the_o more_o familiar_a instance_n applicable_a to_o our_o present_a purpose_n have_v be_v long_o since_o collect_v by_o our_o just_o famous_a verulam_n in_o his_o short_a but_o excellent_a paper_n de_fw-fr forma_fw-la calidi_fw-la wherein_o though_o i_o do_v not_o acquiesce_v in_o every_o thing_n i_o meet_v with_o there_o he_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v at_o least_o among_o the_o modern_n the_o person_n that_o have_v first_o handle_v the_o doctrine_n of_o heat_n like_o a_o experimental_a philosopher_n i_o shall_v therefore_o decline_v accumulate_v a_o multitude_n of_o
instance_n of_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n and_o i_o shall_v also_o forbear_v to_o insist_v on_o such_o know_a thing_n as_o the_o incalescence_n observable_a upon_o the_o pour_v either_o of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n upon_o salt_n of_o tartar_n in_o the_o make_n of_o tartarum_fw-la vitriolatum_fw-la or_o of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la upon_o silver_n or_o quicksilver_n in_o the_o dissolution_n of_o these_o metal_n but_o shall_v rather_o choose_v to_o mention_v some_o few_o instance_n not_o so_o notorious_a as_o the_o former_a but_o not_o unfit_a by_o their_o variety_n to_o exemplify_v several_a of_o the_o differ_a way_n of_o exciting_a heat_n and_o yet_o i_o shall_v not_o decline_v the_o mention_n of_o the_o most_o obvious_a and_o familiar_a instance_n of_o all_o namely_o the_o heat_n observe_v in_o quicklime_n upon_o the_o affusion_n of_o cold_a water_n because_o among_o learned_a man_n and_o especial_o peripatetic_n i_o find_v cause_n to_o be_v assign_v that_o be_v either_o just_o questionable_a or_o manifest_o erroneous_a for_o as_o to_o what_o be_v inculcate_v by_o the_o school_n about_o the_o incalescence_n of_o a_o mixture_n of_o quicklime_n and_o water_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o suppose_a antiperistasis_n or_o invigoration_n of_o the_o internal_a heat_n of_o the_o lime_n by_o its_o be_v environ_v by_o cold_a water_n i_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v that_o this_o be_v but_o a_o imaginary_a cause_n by_o deliver_v upon_o experiment_n which_o any_o man_n may_v easy_o make_v that_o if_o instead_o of_o cold_a water_n the_o liquor_n be_v pour_v on_o very_o hot_a the_o ebullition_n of_o the_o lime_n will_v not_o be_v the_o less_o but_o rather_o the_o great_a and_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n which_o be_v a_o light_a and_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o subtle_a liquor_n than_o water_n though_o it_o be_v pour_v quite_o cold_a on_o quicklime_n will_v not_o that_o i_o have_v observe_v grow_v so_o much_o as_o sensible_o hot_a with_o it_o and_o now_o i_o have_v mention_v the_o incalescence_n of_o lime_n which_o though_o a_o abvious_a phaenomenon_n have_v exercise_v the_o wit_n of_o divers_a philosopher_n and_o chemist_n i_o will_v add_v two_o or_o three_o observation_n in_o order_n to_o a_o inquiry_n that_o may_v be_v some_o other_o time_n make_v into_o the_o genuine_a cause_n of_o it_o which_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o be_v find_v as_o many_o learned_a man_n may_v at_o first_o sight_n imagine_v the_o acute_a helmont_n indeed_o and_o his_o follower_n have_v ingenious_o enough_o attempt_v to_o derive_v the_o heat_n under_o consideration_n from_o the_o conflict_n of_o some_o alcalizate_n and_o acid_n salt_n that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o quicklime_n and_o be_v dissolve_v and_o so_o set_v at_o liberty_n to_o fight_v with_o one_o another_o by_o the_o water_n that_o slake_v the_o lime_n but_o though_o we_o have_v some_o manifest_a mark_n of_o a_o alcalizate_a salt_n in_o lime_n yet_o that_o it_o contain_v also_o a_o acid_n salt_n have_v not_o that_o i_o remember_v be_v prove_v and_o if_o the_o emerge_n of_o heat_n be_v a_o sufficient_a reason_n to_o prove_v a_o latent_fw-la acid_a salt_n in_o lime_n i_o know_v not_o why_o i_o may_v not_o infer_v that_o the_o like_a salt_n lie_v conceal_v in_o other_o body_n which_o the_o chemist_n take_v to_o be_v of_o the_o pure_a or_o mere_a sort_n of_o alcalys_n for_o i_o have_v purposely_o try_v exper._n i_o that_o by_o put_v a_o pretty_a quantity_n of_o dry_a salt_n of_o tartar_n in_o the_o palm_n of_o my_o hand_n and_o wet_v it_o well_o in_o cold_a water_n there_o have_v be_v a_o very_a sensible_a heat_n produce_v in_o the_o mixture_n and_o when_o i_o have_v make_v the_o trial_n with_o a_o more_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o salt_n and_o water_n in_o a_o viol_n the_o heat_n prove_v troublesome_o intense_a and_o continue_v to_o be_v at_o least_o sensible_a a_o good_a while_n after_o this_o experiment_n seem_v to_o favour_v the_o opinion_n that_o the_o heat_v produce_v in_o lime_n whilst_o it_o be_v quench_v proceed_v from_o the_o empyreuma_n as_o the_o chemist_n call_v it_o or_o impression_n leave_v by_o the_o violent_a fire_n that_o be_v employ_v to_o reduce_v the_o stone_n to_o lime_n but_o if_o by_o empyreuma_n be_v mean_v a_o bare_a impression_n make_v by_o the_o fire_n it_o will_v be_v more_o requisite_a than_o easy_a to_o declare_v intelligible_o in_o what_o that_o impression_n consist_v and_o how_o it_o operate_v to_o produce_v such_o considerable_a effect_n and_o if_o the_o effect_n be_v ascribe_v to_o swarm_n of_o atom_n of_o fire_n that_o remain_v adherent_a to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o lime_n and_o be_v set_v at_o liberty_n to_o fly_v away_o by_o the_o liquor_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v argue_v by_o the_o slake_n of_o lime_n without_o water_n if_o it_o be_v for_o some_o time_n leave_v in_o the_o air_n whereby_o the_o atom_n of_o fire_n get_v opportunity_n to_o fly_v away_o by_o little_a and_o little_a if_o this_o i_o say_v be_v allege_v i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o there_o may_v be_v a_o sense_n which_o i_o can_v explicate_v in_o few_o word_n wherein_o the_o cooperation_n of_o a_o substantial_a effluvium_fw-la for_o so_o i_o call_v it_o of_o the_o fire_n may_v be_v admit_v in_o give_v a_o account_n of_o our_o phaenomenon_n but_o the_o cause_n former_o assign_v as_o it_o be_v crude_o propose_v leave_v in_o my_o mind_n some_o scruple_n for_o it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o apprehend_v that_o such_o light_n and_o minute_n body_n as_o those_o of_o fire_n be_v suppose_v shall_v be_v so_o long_o detain_v as_o by_o this_o hypothesis_n they_o must_v be_v allow_v to_o be_v in_o quicklime_n keep_v in_o well-stopped_a vessel_n from_o get_v out_o of_o so_o lax_n and_o porous_a a_o body_n as_o lime_n especial_o since_o we_o see_v not_o a_o great_a incalescence_n or_o ebullition_n ensue_v upon_o the_o pour_v of_o water_n upon_o minium_n or_o crocus_n martis_n per_fw-la se_fw-la though_o they_o have_v be_v calcine_v by_o violent_a and_o last_a fire_n who_o effluvium_n or_o emanation_n appear_v to_o adhere_v to_o they_o by_o the_o increase_n of_o weight_n that_o lead_v if_o not_o also_o mars_n do_v manifest_o receive_v from_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o fire_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o whereas_o one_o will_v think_v that_o the_o igneous_a atom_n shall_v either_o fly_v away_o or_o be_v extinguish_v by_o the_o superven_a of_o water_n i_o know_v and_o elsewhere_o give_v account_n exper._n two_o of_o a_o experiment_n in_o which_o two_o liquor_n whereof_o one_o be_v furnish_v i_o by_o nature_n do_v by_o be_v several_a time_n separate_v and_o reconjoyn_v without_o additament_n at_o each_o congress_n produce_v a_o sensible_a heat_n and_o a_o instance_n of_o this_o kind_n exper._n iii_o though_o not_o so_o odd_a i_o purposely_o seek_v and_o find_v in_o salt_n of_o tartar_n from_o which_o after_o it_o have_v be_v once_o heat_v by_o the_o affusion_n of_o water_n we_o abstract_a or_o evaporate_v the_o liquor_n without_o violence_n of_o fire_n till_o the_o salt_n be_v again_o dry_a and_o then_o put_v on_o water_n a_o second_o time_n the_o same_o salt_n grow_v hot_a again_o in_o the_o vial_n and_o if_o i_o misremember_v not_o it_o produce_v this_o incalescence_n the_o three_o time_n if_o not_o the_o four_o and_o may_v probable_o have_v do_v it_o often_o if_o i_o have_v have_v occasion_n to_o prosecute_v the_o experiment_n which_o seem_v at_o least_o to_o argue_v that_o the_o great_a violence_n of_o fire_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o impress_v what_o pass_v for_o a_o empyreum_fw-la upon_o all_o calcine_v body_n that_o will_v heat_n with_o water_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o shall_v venture_v to_o add_v that_o i_o have_v sometime_o doubt_v whether_o the_o incalescence_n may_v not_o much_o depend_v upon_o the_o particular_a disposition_n of_o the_o calcine_v body_n which_o be_v deprive_v of_o its_o former_a moisture_n and_o make_v more_o porous_a by_o the_o fire_n do_v by_o the_o help_n of_o those_o igneous_a effluvium_n for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o a_o saline_a nature_n that_o be_v disperse_v through_o it_o and_o adhere_v to_o it_o acquire_v such_o a_o texture_n that_o the_o water_n impel_v by_o its_o own_o weight_n and_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v able_a to_o get_v into_o a_o multitude_n of_o its_o pore_n at_o once_o and_o sudden_o dissolve_v the_o igneous_a and_o alcalizate_a salt_n it_o every_o where_o meet_v with_o there_o and_o brisk_o disjoin_v the_o earthy_a and_o solid_a particle_n that_o be_v blend_v with_o they_o which_o be_v exceed_o numerous_a though_o each_o of_o they_o perhaps_o be_v very_a minute_n and_o move_v but_o a_o very_a little_a way_n yet_o their_o multitude_n make_v the_o confuse_a agitation_n of_o the_o whole_a aggregate_v of_o they_o and_o of_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o water_n and_o
salt_n vehement_a enough_o to_o produce_v a_o sensible_a heat_n especial_o if_o we_o admit_v that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o change_n make_v in_o the_o pore_n as_o occasion_n a_o great_a increase_n of_o this_o agitation_n by_o the_o ingress_n and_o action_n of_o some_o subtle_a ethereal_a matter_n from_o which_o alone_a monsieur_n des_fw-fr cartes_n ingenious_o attempt_v to_o derive_v the_o incalescence_n of_o lime_n and_o water_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o metal_n dissolve_v in_o corrosive_a liquor_n though_o as_o to_o the_o phaenomena_n we_o have_v be_v consider_v there_o seem_v at_o least_o to_o concur_v a_o peculiar_a disposition_n of_o body_n wherein_o heat_n be_v to_o be_v produce_v to_o do_v one_o or_o both_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n namely_o to_o retain_v good_a store_n of_o the_o igneous_a effluvia_fw-la and_o to_o be_v by_o their_o adhesion_n or_o some_o other_o operation_n of_o the_o fire_n reduce_v to_o such_o a_o texture_n of_o its_o component_a particle_n as_o to_o be_v fit_a to_o have_v they_o easy_o penetrate_v and_o brisk_o as_o well_o as_o copious_o dissipate_v by_o invade_v water_n and_o this_o conjecture_n for_o i_o propose_v it_o as_o no_o other_o seem_v favour_v by_o divers_a phaenomena_n some_o whereof_o i_o shall_v now_o annex_v for_o here_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o both_o the_o dissolve_a salt_n of_o tartar_n late_o mention_v and_o the_o artificial_a liquor_n that_o grow_v hot_a with_o the_o natural_a reacquire_v that_o disposition_n to_o incalescence_n upon_o a_o bare_a constipation_n or_o close_a texture_n of_o the_o part_n from_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n they_o be_v drown_v in_o before_o the_o heat_n that_o bring_v they_o to_o this_o texture_n have_v be_v so_o gentle_a that_o it_o be_v no_o way_n likely_a that_o the_o igneous_a exhalation_n can_v themselves_o produce_v such_o a_o heat_n or_o at_o least_o that_o they_o shall_v adhere_v in_o such_o number_n as_o must_v be_v requisite_a to_o such_o a_o effect_n unless_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o salt_n of_o tartar_n or_o other_o body_n do_v peculiar_o dispose_v it_o to_o detain_v they_o since_o i_o have_v find_v by_o trial_n that_o shall_v ammoniac_a dissolve_v in_o water_n exper._n iv_o though_o boil_v up_o with_o a_o brisk_a fire_n to_o a_o dry_a salt_n will_v upon_o its_o be_v again_o dissolve_v in_o water_n not_o produce_v any_o heat_n but_o a_o very_a considerable_a degree_n of_o cold._n i_o shall_v add_v that_o though_o one_o will_v expect_v a_o great_a cognation_n between_o the_o particle_n of_o fire_n adhere_v to_o quicklime_n and_o those_o of_o high_a rectify_a spirit_n of_o wine_n which_o be_v of_o so_o igneous_a a_o nature_n as_o to_o be_v total_o inflammable_a yet_o i_o have_v not_o find_v that_o the_o affusion_n of_o alkaol_n of_o wine_n upon_o quicklime_n will_v produce_v any_o sensible_a incalescence_n or_o any_o visible_a dissolution_n or_o dissipation_n of_o the_o lime_n as_o common_a water_n will_v have_v do_v though_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v greedy_o enough_o soak_v in_o by_o the_o lump_n of_o lime_n and_o i_o further_o try_v that_o if_o on_o this_o lime_n so_o drench_v i_o pour_v cold_a water_n there_o ensue_v no_o manifest_a heat_n nor_o do_v i_o so_o much_o as_o find_v the_o lump_n swell_v and_o thereby_o break_v till_o some_o hour_n after_o which_o seem_v to_o argue_v that_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o lime_n be_v such_o as_o to_o admit_v the_o particle_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n into_o some_o of_o its_o pore_n which_o be_v either_o large_a or_o more_o congruous_a without_o admit_v it_o into_o the_o most_o numerous_a one_o whereinto_o the_o liquor_n must_v be_v receive_v to_o be_v able_a sudden_o to_o dissipate_v the_o corpuscle_n of_o lime_n into_o their_o minute_a particle_n into_o which_o corpuscle_n it_o seem_v that_o the_o change_n that_o the_o aqueous_a particle_n receive_v by_o associate_a with_o the_o spirituous_a one_o make_v they_o far_o less_o fit_a to_o penetrate_v and_o move_v brisk_o there_o than_o if_o they_o have_v enter_v alone_o i_o make_v also_o a_o experiment_n that_o seem_v to_o favour_v our_o conjecture_n by_o show_v how_o much_o the_o disposition_n of_o lime_n to_o incalescence_n may_v depend_v upon_o a_o idoneous_a texture_n and_o the_o experiment_n as_o i_o find_v it_o register_v in_o one_o of_o my_o memorial_n be_v this_o exper._n v._n upon_o quicklime_n we_o put_v in_o a_o retort_n as_o much_o moderate_o strong_a spirit_n of_o wine_n as_o will_v drench_v it_o and_o swim_v a_o pretty_a way_n above_o it_o and_o then_o distil_v with_o a_o gentle_a fire_n we_o draw_v off_o some_o spirit_n of_o wine_n much_o strong_a than_o that_o which_o have_v be_v put_v on_o and_o then_o the_o phlegm_n follow_v it_o the_o fire_n be_v increase_v which_o bring_v over_o a_o good_a deal_n of_o phlegmatic_a strengthless_a liquor_n by_o which_o one_o will_v have_v think_v that_o the_o quicklime_n have_v be_v slake_v but_o when_o the_o remain_a matter_n have_v be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o retort_n and_o suffer_v to_o cool_v it_o appear_v to_o have_v a_o fiery_a disposition_n that_o it_o have_v not_o before_o for_o if_o any_o lump_n of_o it_o as_o big_a as_o a_o nutmeg_n or_o a_o almond_n be_v cast_v into_o the_o water_n it_o will_v hiss_v as_o if_o a_o coal_n of_o fire_n have_v be_v plunge_v into_o the_o liquor_n which_o be_v soon_o thereby_o sensible_o heat_v nay_o have_v keep_v divers_a lump_n of_o this_o prepare_a calx_fw-la well_o cover_v from_o the_o air_n for_o divers_a week_n to_o try_v whether_o it_o will_v retain_v this_o property_n i_o find_v as_o i_o expect_v that_o the_o calx_fw-la operate_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n if_o not_o more_o powerful_o for_o sometime_o especial_o when_o it_o be_v reduce_v to_o small_a piece_n it_o will_v upon_o its_o come_n into_o the_o water_n make_v such_o a_o brisk_a noise_n as_o may_v almost_o pass_v for_o a_o kind_n of_o explosion_n these_o phaenomena_n seem_v to_o argue_v that_o the_o disposition_n that_o lime_n have_v to_o grow_v hot_a with_o water_n depend_v much_o on_o some_o peculiar_a texture_n since_o the_o aqueous_a part_n that_o one_o will_v think_v capable_a of_o quench_v all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o atom_n of_o fire_n that_o be_v suppose_v to_o adhere_v to_o quicklime_n do_v not_o near_o so_o much_o weaken_v the_o disposition_n of_o it_o to_o incalescence_n as_o the_o accession_n of_o the_o spirituous_a corpuscle_n and_o their_o contexture_n with_o those_o of_o the_o lime_n increase_v that_o igneous_a disposition_n and_o that_o there_o may_v intervene_v such_o a_o association_n seem_v to_o i_o the_o more_o probable_a not_o only_o because_o much_o of_o the_o distil_a liquor_n be_v as_o phlegmatic_a as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v rob_v of_o its_o more_o active_a part_n but_o because_o i_o have_v sometime_o have_v spirit_n of_o wine_n come_v over_o with_o quicklime_n not_o in_o unobserved_a steam_n but_o white_a fume_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o beside_o that_o the_o taste_n and_o perhaps_o odour_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v often_o manifest_o change_v by_o a_o well-made_a distillation_n from_o quicklime_n i_o have_v sometime_o find_v that_o liquor_n to_o give_v the_o lime_n a_o kind_n of_o alcalizat_n penetrancy_n not_o to_o say_v fieriness_n of_o taste_n that_o be_v very_o brisk_a and_o remarkable_a but_o i_o will_v not_o undertake_v that_o every_o experimenter_n nor_o i_o myself_o shall_v always_o make_v trial_n of_o this_o kind_n with_o the_o same_o success_n that_o i_o have_v in_o those_o above_o recite_v in_o regard_n that_o i_o have_v find_v quick-limes_a to_o differ_v much_o not_o only_o according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o their_o calcination_n and_o to_o their_o recentness_n but_o also_o and_o that_o especial_o according_a to_o the_o differ_a nature_n of_o the_o stone_n and_o other_o body_n calcine_v which_o observation_n engage_v i_o the_o more_o to_o propose_v what_o have_v be_v hitherto_o deliver_v about_o quicklime_n as_o only_a narrative_n and_o a_o conjecture_n which_o i_o now_o perceive_v have_v detain_v we_o so_o long_o that_o i_o be_o oblige_v to_o hasten_v to_o the_o remain_a experiment_n and_o to_o be_v the_o more_o succinct_a in_o deliver_v they_o exper._n vi_o and_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o begin_v with_o a_o instance_n or_o two_o of_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n wherein_o there_o appear_v not_o to_o intervene_v any_o thing_n in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o agent_n or_o patient_n but_o local_a motion_n and_o the_o natural_a effect_n of_o it_o and_o as_o to_o this_o sort_n of_o experiment_n a_o little_a attention_n and_o reflection_n may_v make_v some_o familiar_a phaenomenon_n apposite_a to_o our_o present_a purpose_n when_o for_o example_n a_o smith_n do_v hasty_o hammer_v a_o nail_n or_o such_o like_a piece_n of_o iron_n the_o hammer_v metal_n will_v grow_v exceed_o hot_a and_o yet_o
very_a quick_a and_o copious_a diffusion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o one_o body_n through_o those_o of_o another_o whereby_o both_o be_v confuse_o tumble_v and_o put_v into_o a_o calorific_a motion_n or_o from_o this_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o dissolve_a body_n come_v to_o be_v every_o way_n in_o great_a number_n violent_o scatter_v or_o from_o the_o fierce_a and_o confuse_a shock_n or_o justling_n of_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o the_o conflict_a body_n or_o mass_n which_o may_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v the_o motion_n of_o their_o part_n differ_o modify_v according_o to_o their_o respective_a nature_n or_o from_o this_o that_o by_o the_o plentiful_a ingress_n of_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o the_o one_o into_o the_o almost_o commensurate_a part_n of_o the_o other_o the_o motion_n of_o some_o etherial_a matter_n that_o be_v wont_n before_o swift_o to_o permeate_n the_o distinct_a body_n come_v to_o be_v check_v and_o disturb_v and_o force_v to_o either_o brandish_n or_o whirl_v about_o the_o part_n in_o a_o confuse_a manner_n till_o it_o have_v settle_v itself_o a_o free_a passage_n through_o the_o new_a mixture_n almost_o as_o the_o light_n do_v through_o divers_a trouble_a liquor_n and_o vitrified_a body_n which_o at_o length_n it_o make_v transparent_a but_o without_o here_o engage_v in_o a_o solemn_a examination_n of_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o alcali_n and_o acidum_fw-la and_o without_o determine_v whether_o any_o one_o or_o more_o of_o the_o new_o mention_v mechanical_a cause_n or_o whether_o some_o other_o that_o i_o have_v not_o yet_o name_v be_v to_o be_v entitle_v to_o the_o effect_n it_o will_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o propose_v divers_a instance_n of_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n by_o the_o operation_n of_o one_o agent_n oil_n of_o vitriol_n that_o it_o may_v be_v consider_v whether_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o this_o single_a agent_n shall_v upon_o the_o score_n of_o antipathy_n or_o that_o of_o its_o be_v a_o acid_n menstruum_fw-la be_v able_a to_o produce_v a_o intense_a heat_n in_o many_o body_n of_o so_o differ_v nature_n as_o be_v some_o of_o those_o that_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o name_n and_o now_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o experiment_n themselves_o take_v some_o ounce_n of_o strong_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o shake_v it_o with_o three_o or_o four_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o common_a water_n though_o both_o the_o liquor_n be_v cold_a when_o they_o be_v put_v together_o yet_o their_o mixture_n will_v in_o a_o trice_n grow_v intense_o hot_a and_o continue_v considerable_o so_o for_o a_o good_a while_n in_o this_o case_n it_o can_v probable_o be_v pretend_v by_o the_o chemist_n that_o the_o heat_n arise_v from_o the_o conflict_n of_o the_o acid_n and_o alcalizate_a salt_n abound_v in_o the_o two_o liquor_n since_o the_o common_a water_n be_v suppose_v a_o elementary_a body_n devoid_a of_o all_o salt_n and_o at_o least_o be_v a_o insipid_a liquor_n it_o will_v scarce_o be_v think_v to_o have_v alcali_n enough_o to_o produce_v by_o its_o reaction_n so_o intense_a a_o heat_n that_o the_o heat_v emergent_a upon_o such_o a_o mixture_n may_v be_v very_o great_a when_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o mingle_a liquor_n be_v considerable_o so_o may_v be_v easy_o conclude_v from_o one_o of_o my_o memorial_n wherein_o i_o find_v that_o no_o more_o than_o two_o ounce_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v pour_v but_o not_o all_o at_o once_o into_o four_o ounce_n only_o of_o distil_a rain-water_n make_v and_o keep_v it_o manifest_o warm_a for_o a_o pretty_a deal_n above_o a_o hour_n and_o during_o no_o small_a part_n of_o that_o time_n keep_v it_o so_o hot_a that_o it_o be_v troublesome_a to_o be_v handle_v exper._n fourteen_o the_o former_a experiment_n bring_v into_o my_o mind_n one_o that_o i_o mention_v without_o teach_v it_o in_o the_o history_n of_o cold_a and_o it_o appear_v very_o surprise_v to_o those_o that_o know_v not_o the_o ground_n of_o it_o for_o have_v sometime_o merry_o propose_v to_o heat_v cold_a liquor_n with_o ice_n the_o undertake_n seem_v extravagant_a if_o not_o impossible_a but_o be_v easy_o perform_v by_o take_v out_o of_o a_o basin_n of_o cold_a water_n wherein_o divers_a fragment_n of_o ice_n be_v swim_v one_o or_o two_o piece_n that_o i_o perceive_v be_v well_o drench_v with_o the_o liquor_n and_o immerse_v they_o sudden_o into_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n wherein_o strong_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n have_v be_v put_v for_o this_o menstruum_fw-la present_o mingle_v with_o the_o water_n that_o adhere_v to_o the_o ice_n produce_v in_o it_o a_o brisk_a heat_n and_o that_o sometime_o with_o a_o manifest_a smoke_n which_o nimble_o dissolve_v the_o contiguous_a part_n of_o ice_n and_o those_o the_o next_o and_o so_o the_o whole_a ice_n be_v speedy_o reduce_v to_o water_n and_o the_o corrosive_n menstruum_fw-la be_v by_o two_o or_o three_o shake_n well_o disperse_v through_o it_o and_o mingle_v with_o it_o the_o whole_a mixture_n will_v grow_v in_o a_o trice_n so_o hot_a that_o sometime_o the_o vial_n that_o contain_v it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v endure_v in_o one_o hand_n exper._n xv._n notwithstanding_o the_o vast_a difference_n betwixt_o common_a water_n and_o high_a rectify_a spirit_n of_o wine_n whereof_o man_n general_o take_v the_o former_a for_o the_o most_o contrary_a body_n to_o fire_n and_o whereof_o the_o chemist_n take_v the_o late_a to_o be_v but_o a_o kind_n of_o liquid_a sulphur_n since_o it_o may_v present_o be_v all_o reduce_v into_o flame_n yet_o as_o i_o expect_v i_o find_v upon_o trial_n that_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v mingle_v with_o pure_a spirit_n of_o wine_n will_v as_o well_o grow_v hot_a as_o with_o common_a water_n nor_o do_v this_o experiment_n always_o require_v great_a quantity_n of_o the_o liquor_n for_o when_o i_o take_v but_o one_o ounce_n of_o strong_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n though_o i_o put_v to_o it_o less_o than_o half_a a_o ounce_n of_o choice_a spirit_n of_o wine_n yet_o those_o two_o be_v light_o shake_v together_o do_v in_o a_o trice_n conceive_v so_o brisk_a a_o heat_n that_o they_o almost_o fill_v the_o vial_n with_o fume_n and_o make_v it_o so_o hot_a thar_z i_o have_v unaware_o like_a to_o have_v burn_v my_o hand_n with_o it_o before_o i_o can_v lay_v it_o aside_o i_o make_v the_o like_a trial_n with_o the_o same_o corrosive_a menstruum_fw-la and_o common_a aqua_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la buy_v at_o a_o strong-water-shop_n by_o the_o mixture_n of_o which_o liquor_n heat_n be_v produce_v in_o the_o vial_n that_o i_o can_v not_o well_o endure_v the_o like_a success_n i_o have_v in_o a_o experiment_n wherein_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v mix_v with_o common_a brandy_n save_v that_o in_o this_o the_o heat_n produce_v seem_v not_o so_o intense_a as_o in_o the_o former_a trial_n which_o itself_o afford_v not_o so_o fierce_a a_o heat_n as_o that_o which_o be_v make_v with_o rectify_a spirit_n of_o wine_n exper._n xvi_o those_o chemist_n who_o conceive_v that_o all_o the_o incalescency_n of_o body_n upon_o their_o be_v mix_v proceed_v from_o their_o antipathy_n or_o hostility_n will_v not_o perhaps_o expect_v that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o same_o body_n either_o numerical_o or_o in_o specie_fw-la as_o the_o school_n phrase_n it_o shall_v and_o that_o without_o manifest_a conflict_n grow_v very_o hot_a together_o and_o yet_o have_v for_o trial_n sake_n put_v two_o ounce_n of_o colcothar_n so_o strong_o calcine_v that_o it_o be_v burn_v almost_o to_o blackness_n into_o a_o retort_n we_o pour_v upon_o it_o two_o ounce_n of_o strong_a oil_n of_o english_a vitriol_n and_o find_v that_o after_o about_o a_o minute_n of_o a_o hour_n they_o begin_v to_o grow_v so_o hot_a that_o i_o can_v not_o endure_v to_o hold_v my_o hand_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n to_o which_o the_o mixture_n give_v a_o heat_n that_o continue_v sensible_a on_o the_o outside_n for_o between_o twenty_o and_o thirty_o minute_n exper._n xvii_o though_o i_o have_v not_o observe_v any_o liquor_n to_o equal_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n in_o the_o number_n of_o liquor_n with_o which_o it_o will_v grow_v hot_a yet_o i_o have_v not_o meet_v with_o any_o liquor_n wherewith_o it_o come_v to_o a_o great_a incalescence_n than_o it_o frequent_o enough_o do_v with_o common_a oil_n of_o turpentine_n for_o when_o we_o cause_v divers_a ounce_n of_o each_o to_o be_v well_o shake_v together_o in_o a_o strong_a vessel_n fasten_v to_o prevent_v mischief_n to_o the_o end_n of_o a_o pole_n or_o staff_n the_o ebullition_n be_v great_a and_o fierce_a enough_o to_o be_v not_o undeserved_o admire_v by_o the_o spectator_n and_o this_o bring_v into_o my_o mind_n a_o pleasant_a adventure_n afford_v by_o these_o liquor_n of_o each_o of_o which_o have_v for_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n and_o other_o purpose_n cause_v a_o good_a bottle_n full_a to_o be_v put_v up_o with_o
other_o thing_n into_o a_o box_n and_o send_v down_o into_o the_o country_n with_o a_o great_a charge_n that_o care_n shall_v be_v have_v of_o the_o glass_n the_o wagon_n in_o which_o the_o box_n be_v carry_v happen_v by_o a_o great_a jolt_n that_o have_v almost_o overturn_v it_o to_o be_v so_o rude_o shake_v that_o these_o glass_n be_v both_o break_v and_o the_o liquor_n mingle_v in_o the_o box_n make_v such_o a_o noise_n and_o stink_n and_o send_v forth_o such_o quantity_n of_o smoke_n by_o the_o vent_v which_o the_o fume_n have_v open_v to_o themselves_o that_o the_o passenger_n with_o great_a outcry_n and_o much_o haste_n throw_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o wagon_n for_o fear_v of_o be_v burn_v in_o it_o the_o trial_n we_o make_v with_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n when_o strong_a spirit_n of_o nitre_n be_v substitute_v in_o the_o stead_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n belong_v not_o to_o this_o place_n exper._n xviii_o but_o though_o petroleum_n especial_o when_o rectify_v be_v as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o note_v a_o most_o subtle_a liquor_n and_o the_o light_a i_o have_v yet_o have_v occasion_n to_o try_v yet_o to_o show_v you_o how_o much_o the_o incalescence_n of_o liquor_n may_v depend_v upon_o their_o texture_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v mix_v by_o degree_n one_o ounce_n of_o rectify_a petroleum_n with_o a_o equal_a weight_n of_o strong_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n the_o former_a liquor_n seem_v to_o work_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o this_o last_o name_v almost_o like_o a_o menstruum_fw-la upon_o a_o metal_n innumerous_a and_o small_a bubble_n continual_o ascend_v for_o a_o while_n into_o the_o oleum_fw-la petrae_fw-la which_o have_v its_o colour_n manifest_o alter_v and_o deepen_v by_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o spirituous_a part_n but_o by_o all_o the_o action_n and_o re-action_n of_o these_o liquor_n there_o be_v produce_v no_o such_o smoke_a and_o boil_v or_o intense_a heat_n as_o if_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n have_v be_v employ_v instead_o of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n the_o change_n which_o be_v produce_v as_o to_o quality_n be_v but_o a_o kind_n of_o tepidness_n discoverable_a by_o the_o touch._n almost_o the_o like_a success_n we_o have_v in_o the_o conjunction_n of_o petroleum_n and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n a_o more_o full_a account_n whereof_o may_v be_v elsewhere_o meet_v with_o in_o this_o and_o the_o late_a trial_n i_o do_v not_o care_n to_o make_v use_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n because_o at_o least_o if_o it_o be_v but_o ordinary_o strong_a i_o find_v its_o operation_n on_o the_o liquor_n above_o mention_v inconsiderable_a and_o sometime_o perhaps_o scarce_o sensible_a in_o comparison_n of_o those_o of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o in_o some_o case_n of_o dephlegm_v spirit_n of_o nitre_n exper._n xix_o experience_a chemist_n will_v easy_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o multiply_v instance_n of_o heat_n producible_a by_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n upon_o solid_a body_n especial_o mineral_n one_o for_o it_o be_v know_v that_o in_o the_o usual_a preparation_n of_o vitriolum_fw-la martis_n there_o be_v a_o great_a effervescence_n excite_v upon_o the_o affusion_n of_o the_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n upon_o file_n of_o steel_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v well_o drench_v in_o common_a water_n and_o it_o will_v scarce_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o as_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n will_v at_o least_o partly_o dissolve_v a_o great_a many_o both_o calcine_v and_o testaceous_a body_n as_o i_o have_v try_v with_o lime_n oyster-shell_n etc._n etc._n so_o it_o will_v during_o the_o dissolution_n grow_v sensible_o if_o not_o intense_o hot_a with_o they_o as_o i_o find_v it_o to_o do_v both_o with_o those_o new_o name_v and_o other_o as_o chalk_n lapis_n calaminaris_n etc._n etc._n with_o the_o last_o of_o which_o if_o the_o liquor_n be_v strong_a it_o will_v heat_v exceed_o exper._n xx._n wherefore_o i_o will_v rather_o take_v notice_n of_o its_o operation_n upon_o vegetable_n as_o body_n which_o corrosive_a menstruum_n have_v scarce_o be_v thought_n fit_a to_o dissolve_v and_o grow_v hot_a with_o to_o omit_v then_o cherry_n and_o divers_a fruit_n abound_v in_o watery_a juice_n with_o which_o perhaps_o on_o that_o very_a account_n oil_n of_o vitriol_n will_v grow_v hot_a i_o shall_v here_o take_v notice_n that_o for_o trial_n sake_n have_v mix_v a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o that_o liquor_n with_o raisin_n of_o the_o sun_n beat_v in_o a_o mortar_n the_o raisin_n grow_v so_o hot_a that_o if_o i_o misremember_v not_o the_o glass_n that_o contain_v it_o have_v almost_o burn_v my_o hand_n these_o kind_n of_o heat_n may_v be_v also_o produce_v by_o the_o mixture_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n with_o divers_a other_o vegetable_a substance_n but_o as_o far_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v scarce_o so_o eminent_o with_o any_o dry_a body_n as_o with_o the_o crumb_n of_o white_a bread_n or_o even_o of_o brown_a with_o a_o little_a of_o which_o we_o have_v sometime_o produce_v a_o surprise_a degree_n of_o heat_n with_o strong_a or_o well-dephlegmed_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n which_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v employ_v in_o the_o forego_n experiment_n and_o all_o other_o mention_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o help_n of_o that_o menstruum_fw-la in_o our_o paper_n about_o quality_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o any_o particular_a case_n otherwise_o declare_v exper._n xxi_o it_o be_v as_o little_a observe_v that_o corrosive_a menstruum_n be_v able_a to_o work_v as_o such_o on_o the_o soft_a part_n of_o dead_a animal_n as_o on_o those_o of_o vegetable_n and_o yet_o i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o produce_v a_o notable_a heat_n by_o mix_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n with_o mince_a flesh_n whether_o roast_v or_o raw_a exper._n xxii_o though_o common_a sea-salt_n do_v usual_o impart_v some_o degree_n though_o not_o a_o intense_a one_o of_o coldness_n unto_o common_a water_n during_o the_o act_n of_o dissolution_n yet_o some_o trial_n have_v inform_v i_o that_o if_o it_o be_v cast_v into_o a_o competent_a quantity_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n there_o will_v for_o the_o most_o part_n ensue_v a_o incalescence_n which_o yet_o do_v not_o appear_v to_o succeed_v so_o regular_o as_o in_o most_o of_o the_o forego_n experiment_n but_o that_o heat_n shall_v be_v produce_v usual_o though_o not_o perhaps_o constant_o by_o the_o abovenamed_a menstruum_fw-la and_o salt_n seem_v therefore_o worthy_a of_o our_o notice_n because_o it_o be_v know_v to_o chemist_n that_o common_a salt_n be_v one_o main_a ingredient_n of_o the_o few_o that_o make_v up_o common_a factitious_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a that_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v sell_v in_o the_o shop_n and_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v that_o the_o excellent_a academian_o of_o florence_n have_v observe_v that_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n will_v not_o grow_v hot_a but_o cold_a by_o be_v put_v upon_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a something_o like_o which_o i_o take_v notice_n of_o in_o rectify_a spirit_n of_o sulphur_n make_v per_fw-la campanam_fw-la but_o find_v the_o effect_n much_o more_o considerable_a when_o according_a to_o the_o ingenious_a florentine_a experiment_n i_o make_v the_o trial_n with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n which_o liquor_n have_v already_o furnish_v we_o with_o as_o many_o phaenomena_n for_o our_o present_a purpose_n as_o can_v be_v well_o expect_v from_o one_o agent_n i_o shall_v scarce_o in_o this_o paper_n about_o heat_n make_v any_o far_a use_n of_o it_o but_o proceed_v to_o some_o other_o experiment_n wherein_o it_o do_v not_o intervene_v exper._n xxiii_o we_o take_v a_o good_a lump_n of_o common_a sulphur_n of_o a_o convenient_a shape_n and_o have_v rub_v or_o chafe_v it_o well_o we_o find_v as_o we_o expect_v that_o by_o this_o attrition_n it_o grow_v sensible_o warm_a and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o intestine_a agitation_n which_o you_o know_v be_v local_a motion_n make_v by_o this_o attrition_n do_v appear_v not_o only_o by_o the_o new_o mention_v heat_n who_o nature_n consist_v in_o motion_n and_o by_o the_o antecedent_n pressure_n which_o be_v fit_a to_o put_v the_o part_n into_o a_o disorderly_a vibration_n but_o also_o by_o the_o sulphureous_a steam_n which_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o smell_v by_o hold_v the_o sulphur_n to_o one_o nose_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o have_v be_v rub_v which_o experiment_n though_o it_o may_v seem_v trivial_a in_o itself_o may_v be_v worth_a the_o consideration_n of_o those_o chemist_n who_o will_v derive_v all_o the_o fire_n and_o heat_v we_o meet_v with_o in_o sublunary_a body_n from_o sulphur_n for_o in_o our_o case_n a_o mass_n of_o sulphur_n before_o its_o part_n be_v put_v into_o a_o new_a and_o brisk_a motion_n be_v sensible_o cold_a and_o as_o soon_o as_o its_o part_n be_v put_v into_o a_o great_a agitation_n than_o those_o of_o a_o man_n finger_n it_o grow_v sensible_o hot_a which_o argue_v that_o it_o be_v not_o by_o its_o bare_a presence_n or_o any_o
emanative_a action_n as_o the_o school_n speak_v that_o the_o sulphur_n communicate_v any_o heat_n to_o my_o hand_n and_o also_o that_o when_o it_o be_v brisk_o move_v it_o do_v impress_v that_o quality_n be_v no_o more_o than_o another_o solid_a body_n though_o incombustible_a as_o common_a glass_n will_v have_v do_v if_o its_o part_n have_v be_v likewise_o put_v into_o a_o agitation_n surpass_v that_o of_o my_o organ_n of_o feeling_n so_o that_o in_o our_o experiment_n sulphur_n itself_o be_v behold_v for_o its_o actual_a heat_n to_o local_a motion_n produce_v by_o external_a agent_n in_o its_o part_n exper._n xxiv_o we_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o try_v whether_o when_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a that_o much_o infrigidate_n water_n and_o quicklime_n which_o be_v know_v to_o heat_v it_o be_v by_o the_o fire_n exquisite_o mingle_v the_o mixture_n will_v impart_v to_o the_o liquor_n a_o moderate_a or_o a_o intense_a degree_n of_o either_o of_o those_o quality_n in_o prosecution_n of_o which_o inquiry_n we_o take_v equal_a part_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a and_o quicklime_n which_o we_o flux_v together_o and_o put_v a_o ounce_n by_o guess_n of_o the_o powder_a mixture_n into_o a_o vial_n with_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o cold_a water_n we_o find_v that_o the_o colliquated_a mass_n do_v in_o about_o a_o minute_n strike_v so_o great_a a_o heat_n through_o the_o glass_n upon_o my_o hand_n that_o i_o be_v glad_a to_o remove_v it_o hasty_o for_o fear_v of_o be_v scorch_v exper._n xxv_o we_o have_v give_v several_a and_o may_v have_v give_v many_o more_o instance_n of_o the_o incalescence_n of_o mixture_n wherein_o both_o the_o ingredient_n be_v liquor_n or_o at_o least_o one_o of_o they_o be_v a_o fluid_a body_n but_o sometime_o heat_n may_v also_o be_v produce_v by_o the_o mixture_n of_o two_o powder_n since_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o preparation_n of_o the_o butter_n or_o oil_n of_o antimony_n that_o if_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o beat_a sublimate_n be_v very_o well_o mingle_v with_o powder_a antimony_n the_o mixture_n after_o it_o have_v for_o a_o competent_a time_n which_o vary_v much_o according_a to_o circumstance_n as_o the_o weather_n vessel_n place_n etc._n etc._n wherein_o the_o experiment_n be_v make_v stand_v in_o the_o air_n will_v sometime_o grow_v manifest_o hot_a and_o now_o and_o then_o so_o intense_o so_o as_o to_o send_v forth_o copious_a and_o fetid_v fume_n almost_o as_o if_o it_o will_v take_v fire_n there_o be_v another_o experiment_n make_v by_o the_o help_n of_o antimony_n and_o a_o pulverised_a body_n wherein_o the_o mixture_n after_o it_o have_v be_v for_o divers_a hour_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n visible_o afford_v we_o mineral_n fume_n and_o to_o these_o i_o can_v add_v more_o considerable_a and_o perhaps_o scarce_o credible_a instance_n of_o body_n grow_v hot_a without_o liquor_n if_o philanthropy_n do_v not_o forbid_v i_o but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o butter_n of_o antimony_n it_o seem_v not_o unfit_a to_o be_v inquire_v whether_o there_o do_v not_o unobserved_o intervene_v a_o aqueous_a moisture_n which_o capable_a of_o relax_v the_o salt_n and_o set_v they_o a_o work_n i_o therefore_o suspect_v may_v be_v attract_v as_o man_n common_o speak_v from_o the_o air_n since_o the_o mixture_n of_o the_o antimony_n and_o the_o sublimate_n be_v prescribe_v to_o be_v place_v in_o cellar_n and_o in_o such_o we_o find_v that_o sublimate_n or_o at_o least_o the_o saline_a part_n of_o it_o be_v resolve_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la as_o they_o call_v it_o which_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o solution_n make_v by_o the_o watery_a steam_n wander_v in_o the_o air._n exper._n xxvi_o i_o have_v former_o deliver_v some_o instance_n of_o the_o incalescence_n produce_v by_o water_n in_o body_n that_o be_v ready_o dissolve_v in_o it_o as_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o quicklime_n but_o one_o will_v not_o light_o expect_v that_o mere_a water_n shall_v produce_v a_o incalescence_n in_o solid_a body_n that_o be_v general_o grant_v to_o be_v insoluble_a in_o it_o and_o be_v not_o wont_a to_o be_v at_o least_o without_o length_n of_o time_n visible_o wrought_v on_o by_o it_o and_o yet_o trial_n have_v assure_v i_o that_o a_o notable_a incalescence_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o common_a water_n in_o flower_n or_o fine_a powder_n of_o sulphur_n and_o file_n of_o steel_n or_o iron_n for_o when_o in_o summer_n time_n i_o cause_v to_o be_v mingle_v a_o good_a quantity_n as_o half_o a_o pound_n or_o rather_o a_o pound_n of_o each_o of_o the_o ingredient_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v thorough_o drench_v with_o common_a water_n in_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n whereof_o they_o be_v very_o well_o stir_v up_o and_o down_o and_o careful_o mingle_v the_o mixture_n will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n perhaps_o less_o than_o a_o hour_n grow_v so_o hot_a that_o the_o vessel_n that_o contain_v it_o can_v not_o be_v suffer_v in_o one_o hand_n and_o the_o heat_n be_v manifest_v to_o other_o sense_n than_o the_o touch_n by_o the_o strong_a sulphureous_a stink_n that_o invade_v the_o nose_n and_o the_o thick_a smoke_n that_o ascend_v out_o of_o the_o mixture_n especial_o when_o it_o be_v stir_v with_o a_o stick_n or_o spittle_n whether_o the_o success_n will_v be_v the_o same_o at_o all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n i_o do_v not_o know_v and_o somewhat_o doubt_n since_o i_o remember_v not_o that_o i_o have_v occasion_n to_o try_v it_o in_o other_o season_n than_o in_o summer_n or_o in_o autumn_n exper._n xxvii_o in_o the_o instance_n that_o chemistry_n be_v wont_a to_o afford_v we_o of_o the_o heat_v produce_v by_o the_o action_n of_o menstruum_n upon_o other_o body_n there_o intervene_v some_o liquor_n proper_o so_o call_v that_o wet_v the_o hand_n of_o those_o that_o touch_v it_o and_o there_o be_v divers_a of_o the_o more_o judicious_a chemist_n that_o join_v with_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o naturalist_n in_o deny_v that_o quicksilver_n which_o be_v indeed_o a_o fluid_a body_n but_o not_o a_o moist_a and_o wet_v one_o in_o reference_n to_o we_o will_v produce_v heat_n by_o its_o immediate_a action_n on_o any_o other_o body_n and_o particular_o on_o gold_n but_o though_o i_o be_v long_o inclinable_a to_o their_o opinion_n yet_o i_o can_v now_o be_v of_o it_o several_a trial_n have_v assure_v i_o that_o a_o mercury_n whether_o afford_v by_o metal_n and_o mineral_n or_o impregnate_v by_o they_o may_v by_o its_o preparation_n be_v enable_v to_o insinuate_v itself_o nimble_o into_o the_o body_n of_o gold_n whether_o calcine_v or_o crude_a and_o become_v manifest_o incalescent_n with_o it_o in_o less_o than_o two_o or_o three_o minute_n of_o a_o hour_n exper._n xxviii_o since_o we_o know_v that_o some_o natural_a salt_n and_o especial_o saltpetre_n can_v produce_v a_o coldness_n in_o the_o water_n they_o be_v dissolve_v in_o i_o think_v it_o may_v not_o be_v impertient_fw-la to_o our_o enquiry_n into_o heat_n and_o cold_a and_o may_v perhaps_o also_o contribute_v somewhat_o to_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o structure_n of_o metal_n and_o the_o salt_n that_o corrode_v they_o if_o solution_n be_v make_v of_o some_o saliformed_a body_n as_o chemist_n call_v they_o that_o be_v make_v up_o of_o metalline_a and_o saline_a part_n and_o do_v so_o abound_v with_o the_o latter_a that_o the_o whole_a concretion_n be_v on_o their_o account_n dissoluble_a in_o common_a water_n other_o experiment_n of_o this_o sort_n belong_v less_o to_o this_o place_n than_o to_o another_o i_o shall_v here_o only_o for_o example_n sake_n take_v notice_n of_o one_o that_o we_o make_v upon_o quicksilver_n which_o be_v esteem_v the_o cold_a of_o metal_n for_o have_v by_o distil_v from_o it_o four_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n reduce_v it_o to_o a_o powder_n which_o on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o adhere_a salt_n of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la that_o it_o detain_v be_v white_a and_o glister_a we_o put_v this_o powder_n into_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n of_o water_n wherein_o a_o seal_a weatherglass_n have_v be_v leave_v before_o it_o begin_v manifest_o to_o heat_v the_o water_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o quick_a and_o considerable_a ascent_n of_o the_o tinct_a spirit_n of_o wine_n that_o continue_v to_o rise_v upon_o put_v in_o more_o of_o the_o magistery_n which_o warm_a event_n be_v the_o more_o remarkable_a because_o of_o the_o observation_n of_o helmont_n that_o the_o salt_n adhere_v to_o the_o mercury_n corrode_v in_o good_a quantity_n by_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n if_o it_o be_v wash_v off_o and_o coagulate_v become_v a_o kind_n of_o alom_n the_o event_n of_o the_o former_a trial_n deserve_v the_o more_o notice_n because_o have_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o with_o the_o same_o weatherglass_n make_v a_o experiment_n with_o common_a water_n and_o the_o powder_n of_o vitriolum_fw-la martis_n make_v with_o oil_n
without_o the_o addition_n of_o any_o sweeten_v body_n i_o have_v be_v induce_v to_o think_v by_o have_v find_v upon_o trial_n that_o by_o the_o help_n of_o insipid_a water_n we_o may_v without_o any_o violence_n of_o fire_n reduce_v sea-salt_n into_o a_o brine_n of_o so_o mild_a and_o peculiar_a i_o have_v almost_o say_v pleasant_a a_o taste_n that_o one_o will_v scarce_o suspect_v what_o it_o have_v be_v or_o believe_v that_o so_o great_a a_o change_n of_o a_o mineral_n body_n can_v be_v effect_v by_o so_o slight_a a_o intestine_a commotion_n as_o indeed_o produce_v it_o especial_o since_o the_o alteration_n of_o taste_n be_v not_o the_o most_o considerable_a that_o be_v produce_v by_o this_o operation_n as_o to_o liquor_n that_o come_v from_o vegetable_n the_o emerge_n of_o new_a sapour_n upon_o the_o intestine_a commotion_n of_o the_o saporifick_a part_n as_o consequence_n of_o such_o commotion_n be_v more_o obvious_a than_o be_v common_o consider_v in_o the_o juice_n of_o grape_n which_o from_o a_o sweet_a and_o spiritless_a liquor_n do_v by_o that_o internal_a motion_n we_o call_v fermentation_n acquire_v that_o please_a pungency_n and_o briskness_n of_o taste_n that_o belong_v to_o wine_n and_o afterward_o degenerate_v into_o that_o acid_n and_o cut_a taste_n that_o be_v proper_a to_o vinegar_n and_o all_o this_o by_o a_o change_n of_o constitution_n make_v by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o part_n themselves_o on_o one_o another_o without_o the_o help_n of_o any_o external_a additament_n finis_fw-la experiment_n and_o observation_n about_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o odour_n by_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boyle_n esq_n fellow_n of_o the_o r._n society_n london_n â—rinted_v by_o e._n flesher_n for_o r._n davis_n bookseller_n in_o oxford_n 1675._o experiment_n and_o observation_n about_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o odour_n since_o taste_n and_o odour_n perhaps_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o organ_n they_o affect_v be_v wont_a by_o physical_a writer_n to_o be_v treat_v of_o next_o to_o one_o another_o i_o also_o shall_v imitate_v they_o in_o handle_v those_o two_o quality_n not_o only_o for_o the_o intimate_v reason_n but_o because_o what_o i_o have_v premise_v in_o general_a and_o some_o other_o thing_n that_o i_o have_v say_v already_o under_o the_o title_n of_o taste_n be_v applicable_a to_o odour_n also_o it_o will_v not_o be_v necessary_a and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v tedious_a to_o repeat_v they_o here_o exper._n i._n with_o two_o body_n neither_o of_o they_o odorous_a to_o produce_v immediate_o a_o strong_a vrinous_a smell_n take_v good_a quicklime_n and_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a and_o rub_v or_o grind_v they_o well_o together_o and_o hold_v your_o nose_n to_o the_o mixture_n you_o will_v be_v salute_v with_o a_o urinous_a smell_n produce_v by_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o volatile_a salt_n unite_v by_o this_o operation_n which_o will_v also_o invade_v your_o eye_n and_o make_v they_o to_o water_n exper._n ii_o by_o the_o bare_a addition_n of_o common_a water_n to_o produce_v immediate_o a_o very_a strong_a smell_n in_o a_o body_n that_o have_v no_o such_o smell_n before_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o a_o experiment_n make_v with_o camphire_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n which_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o mention_v to_o another_o purpose_n for_o if_o in_o that_o corrosive_n menstruum_fw-la you_o dissolve_v a_o good_a proportion_n but_o not_o too_o much_o of_o the_o strong_o scent_v gum_n the_o odour_n of_o the_o camphire_n will_v be_v quite_o conceal_v in_o the_o mixture_n but_o if_o you_o pour_v this_o mixture_n into_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o fair_a water_n the_o dissolve_a gum_n will_v immediate_o recover_v out_o of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la and_o smell_v as_o strong_a as_o before_o if_o not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o warmth_n produce_v in_o the_o operation_n more_o strong_o exper._n iii_o of_o produce_v some_o odour_n each_o of_o they_o quite_o differ_v from_o that_o of_o any_o of_o the_o ingredient_n have_v take_v two_o ounce_n or_o part_n of_o clear_a oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o mix_v it_o with_o one_o ounce_n or_o part_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n which_o must_v be_v do_v by_o degree_n for_o otherwise_o the_o vessel_n will_v be_v endanger_v the_o clear_a liquor_n that_o come_v over_o upon_o the_o distillation_n of_o the_o mixture_n in_o a_o sand-furnace_n in_o stead_n of_o the_o odour_n of_o turpentine_n for_o the_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n alone_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v inodorous_a smell_v very_o strong_a of_o sulphur_n insomuch_o that_o once_o when_o i_o show_v this_o experiment_n approach_v my_o nose_n very_o bold_o and_o hasty_o to_o the_o receiver_n new_o sever_v from_o the_o retort_n the_o sulphureous_a stink_n prove_v so_o strong_a that_o it_o have_v almost_o to_o speak_v with_o the_o vulgar_a take_v away_o my_o breath_n and_o to_o illustrate_v yet_o far_o the_o possible_a emergency_n of_o such_o odour_n upon_o the_o mixture_n of_o ingredient_n as_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v apart_o endow_v with_o we_o cause_v the_o substance_n that_o remain_v behind_o in_o the_o retort_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o thin_a extract_n after_o one_o of_o the_o new_o mention_v distillation_n to_o be_v far_o press_v by_o a_o strong_a fire_n which_o force_v most_o of_o it_o over_o partly_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o thick_a oil_n and_o partly_o in_o that_o of_o butter_n both_o which_o we_o keep_v together_o in_o the_o same_o vial_n because_o their_o odour_n be_v neither_o that_o of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n nor_o that_o of_o brimstone_n but_o they_o smell_v exceed_o like_o the_o distil_a oil_n of_o bees-wax_n exper._n iu._n about_o the_o production_n of_o some_o odour_n by_o local_a motion_n i_o shall_v not_o now_o examine_v whether_o the_o local_a motion_n of_o a_o external_a agent_n may_v not_o without_o material_o concur_v to_o the_o operation_n produce_v by_o agitate_v and_o shuffle_n the_o part_n odorous_a corpuscle_n but_o that_o 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three_o either_o gold_n or_o silver_n or_o crystal_n or_o venetian_a talc_n or_o some_o other_o body_n that_o i_o elsewhere_o name_n &_o yet_o these_o body_n be_v endow_v with_o divers_a quality_n as_o the_o two_o former_a with_o fusibleness_n and_o malleability_n and_o all_o of_o they_o with_o weight_n and_o fixity_n so_o that_o in_o these_o and_o the_o like_a body_n whence_o chemist_n have_v not_o make_v it_o yet_o appear_v that_o their_o salt_n sulphur_n and_o mercury_n can_v be_v true_o and_o adequate_o separate_v it_o will_v scarce_o be_v other_o than_o precarious_a to_o derive_v the_o malleableness_n colour_n and_o other_o quality_n of_o such_o body_n from_o those_o principle_n under_o this_o head_n i_o consider_v also_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o chemical_a doctrine_n of_o quality_n be_v bottom_v on_o or_o suppose_n beside_o their_o new_o question_a analysis_n by_o fire_n some_o other_o thing_n which_o as_o far_o as_o i_o know_v have_v not_o yet_o be_v well_o prove_v 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the_o cause_n of_o this_o change_n of_o consistence_n which_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v account_v for_o according_a to_o the_o mechanical_a way_n by_o the_o vehement_a agitation_n that_o the_o fire_n make_v of_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o the_o gold_n to_o bring_v it_o to_o fusion_n and_o the_o cohesion_n of_o those_o part_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o gravity_n and_o fitness_n to_o adhere_v to_o one_o another_o when_o that_o agitation_n cease_v when_o venice_n glass_n be_v mere_o by_o be_v beat_v to_o powder_v deprive_v of_o its_o transparency_n and_o turn_v into_o a_o body_n opacous_a and_o white_a what_o need_n or_o use_v of_o the_o tria_fw-la prima_fw-la have_v we_o in_o the_o explication_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n or_o of_o that_o other_o which_o occur_v when_o by_o bare_o melt_v down_o this_o white_a and_o opacous_a body_n it_o be_v deprive_v of_o its_o opacity_n and_o colour_n and_o become_v diaphanous_a and_o of_o this_o sort_n of_o instance_n you_o will_v meet_v with_o divers_a in_o the_o follow_a note_n about_o particular_a quality_n for_o which_o reason_n i_o shall_v forbear_v the_o mention_n of_o they_o here_o chap._n iii_o i_o observe_v too_o that_o the_o spagyrical_a doctrine_n of_o quality_n be_v insufficient_a and_o too_o narrow_a to_o reach_v to_o all_o the_o phaenomena_n or_o even_o to_o all_o the_o notable_a one_o that_o aught_o to_o be_v explicable_a by_o they_o and_o this_o insufficiency_n i_o find_v to_o be_v twofold_a for_o first_o there_o be_v divers_a quality_n of_o which_o chemist_n will_v not_o so_o much_o as_o attempt_v to_o give_v we_o explication_n and_o of_o other_o particular_a quality_n the_o explication_n such_o as_o they_o be_v that_o they_o give_v we_o be_v often_o very_o deficient_a and_o unsatisfactory_a and_o do_v not_o sometime_o so_o much_o as_o take_v notice_n of_o divers_a considerable_a phaenomena_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o quality_n whereof_o they_o pretend_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o which_o you_o will_v meet_v with_o divers_a instance_n in_o the_o ensue_a note_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v only_o to_o declare_v my_o meaning_n the_o better_a invite_v you_o to_o observe_v with_o i_o that_o though_o gold_n be_v the_o body_n they_o affect_v to_o be_v most_o conversant_a with_o yet_o it_o will_v be_v very_o hard_a to_o show_v how_o the_o specific_a weight_n of_o gold_n can_v be_v deduce_v from_o any_o or_o all_o of_o the_o three_o principle_n since_o mercury_n itself_o that_o be_v of_o body_n know_v to_o we_o the_o heavy_a next_z to_o gold_n be_v so_o much_o light_a than_o gold_n that_o whereas_o i_o have_v usual_o find_v mercury_n to_o be_v to_o a_o equal_a weight_n of_o water_n somewhat_o though_o little_a less_o than_o fourteen_o to_o one_o i_o find_v pure_a gold_n to_o be_v about_o nineteen_o time_n as_o heavy_a as_o so_o much_o water_n which_o will_v make_v it_o very_o difficult_a not_o to_o say_v impossible_a for_o they_o to_o explain_v how_o gold_n shall_v bare_o by_o participate_v of_o 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strange_a thing_n that_o be_v affirm_v of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o alkahe_a we_o may_v in_o favour_n of_o our_o doctrine_n urge_v they_o with_o what_o be_v deliver_v by_o helmont_n where_o he_o assert_n that_o all_o solid_a body_n as_o stone_n mineral_n and_o metal_n themselves_o by_o have_v this_o liquor_n due_o abstract_v or_o distil_v off_o from_o they_o may_v be_v change_v into_o salt_n equiponderant_a to_o the_o respective_a body_n whereon_o the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v put_v so_o that_o suppose_v the_o alkahe_a to_o be_v total_o abstract_v as_o it_o seem_v very_o probable_a to_o be_v since_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o body_n whence_o it_o be_v draw_v off_o be_v not_o alter_v what_o other_o change_n than_o of_o texture_n can_v be_v reasonable_o imagine_v to_o have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o transmute_v body_n and_o yet_o divers_a of_o they_o as_o flint_n ruby_n sapphire_n gold_n silver_n etc._n etc._n that_o be_v insoluble_a before_o some_o of_o they_o in_o any_o know_a menstruum_n and_o other_o in_o any_o but_o corrosive_a liquor_n come_v to_o be_v capable_a of_o be_v dissolve_v in_o common_a water_n exper._n viii_o it_o be_v a_o remarkable_a phaenomenon_n that_o suit_v very_o well_o with_o our_o opinion_n about_o the_o interest_n of_o mechanical_a principle_n in_o the_o corrosive_a power_n of_o menstruum_n and_o the_o corrosibility_n of_o body_n that_o we_o produce_v by_o the_o follow_a experiment_n this_o we_o purposely_o make_v to_o show_v after_o how_o differ_v manner_n the_o same_o body_n may_v be_v dissolve_v by_o two_o menstruum_n who_o minute_n part_n be_v very_o differ_o constitute_v and_o agitate_a for_o whereas_o it_o be_v know_v that_o if_o we_o put_v large_a grain_n of_o sea-salt_n into_o common_a water_n they_o will_v be_v dissolve_v therein_o calm_o and_o silent_o without_o any_o appearance_n of_o conflict_n if_o we_o put_v such_o grain_n of_o salt_n into_o good_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n that_o liquor_n will_v fall_v furious_o upon_o 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form_n have_v the_o power_n to_o work_v on_o metal_n as_o i_o elsewhere_o show_v that_o by_o bare_o boil_v some_o solution_n of_o salt_n of_o a_o convenient_a structure_n as_o nitre_n sal_fw-la ammoniac_a etc._n etc._n with_o foliate_v gold_n silver_n etc._n etc._n we_o have_v corrode_v these_o metalas_n and_o can_v dissolve_v some_o other_o and_o by_o boil_v crude_a copper_n in_o file_n with_o sublimate_n and_o common_a water_n we_o be_v able_a in_o no_o long_a time_n to_o make_v a_o solution_n of_o the_o metal_n exper._n v._n sometime_o also_o so_o languid_a a_o agitation_n as_o that_o which_o seem_v but_o sufficient_a to_o keep_v a_o liquor_n in_o the_o state_n of_o fluidity_n may_v suffice_v to_o give_v some_o dry_a body_n a_o corrode_a power_n which_o they_o can_v not_o otherwise_o exercise_v as_o in_o the_o way_n of_o write_v one_o name_n or_o a_o motto_n upon_o the_o blade_n of_o a_o knife_n with_o common_a sublimate_n for_o if_o have_v very_o thin_o overlay_v which_o side_n 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five_o may_v serve_v the_o turn_n exper._n vi_o this_o bring_v into_o my_o mind_n a_o observation_n i_o have_v sometime_o have_v occasion_n to_o make_v that_o i_o find_v more_o useful_a than_o common_a and_o it_o be_v that_o divers_a body_n whether_o distil_v or_o not_o distil_v that_o be_v not_o think_v capable_a of_o dissolve_v other_o body_n because_o in_o moderate_a degree_n of_o heat_n they_o will_v not_o work_v on_o they_o may_v yet_o by_o intense_a degree_n of_o heat_n be_v bring_v to_o be_v fit_a solvent_n for_o they_o to_o which_o purpose_n i_o remember_v that_o have_v a_o distil_a liquor_n which_o be_v rather_o sweet_a to_o the_o taste_n than_o either_o acid_n lixiviate_v or_o urinous_a though_o for_o that_o reason_n it_o seem_v unfit_a to_o work_v on_o pearl_n and_o according_o do_v not_o dissolve_v they_o in_o a_o considerable_a time_n wherein_o they_o be_v keep_v with_o it_o in_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_o warm_a digestion_n yet_o the_o glass_n be_v for_o many_o hour_n amount_v perhaps_o to_o some_o day_n keep_v in_o such_o a_o heat_n of_o sand_n as_o make_v the_o liquor_n boil_v we_o have_v a_o dissolution_n of_o pearl_n that_o unite_n with_o the_o menstruum_fw-la make_v it_o a_o very_a valuable_a liquor_n and_o though_o the_o solvent_n of_o crude_a gold_n wont_a to_o be_v employ_v by_o chemist_n be_v general_o distil_v liquor_n that_o be_v acid_a and_o in_o the_o late_o mention_v solvent_a make_v of_o crude_a salt_n and_o common_a water_n acidity_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o predominant_a quality_n which_o make_v the_o use_n of_o solution_n make_v in_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la etc._n etc._n suspect_v by_o many_o physician_n and_o chemist_n yet_o fit_o choose_v alcalizate_a body_n themselves_o as_o repugnant_a as_o they_o use_v to_o be_v to_o acid_n without_o the_o help_n of_o any_o liquor_n will_v be_v enable_v by_o a_o melt_a fire_n in_o no_o long_a time_n to_o penetrate_v and_o tear_v asunder_o the_o part_n even_o of_o crude_a gold_n so_o that_o it_o may_v afterward_o be_v easy_o take_v up_o in_o liquor_n that_o be_v not_o acid_a or_o even_o by_o water_n itself_o exper._n vii_o the_o tract_n about_o salt-peter_n that_o give_v occasion_n to_o these_o annotation_n may_v furnish_v we_o with_o a_o eminent_a instance_n of_o the_o production_n of_o solvent_n for_o though_o pure_a saltpetre_n itself_o when_o dissolve_v in_o water_n be_v not_o observe_v to_o be_v a_o menstruum_fw-la for_o the_o solution_n of_o the_o metal_n hereafter_o to_o be_v name_v or_o so_o much_o as_o of_o coral_n itself_o yet_o when_o by_o a_o convenient_a distillation_n its_o part_n be_v split_v if_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v and_o by_o attrition_n or_o other_o mechanical_a way_n of_o work_v on_o they_o reduce_v to_o the_o shape_n of_o acid_n and_o alcalizate_a salt_n it_o than_o afford_v two_o sort_n of_o menstruum_n of_o very_o differ_v nature_n which_o betwixt_o they_o dissolve_v or_o corrode_v a_o great_a number_n and_o variety_n of_o body_n as_o the_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n without_o addition_n be_v a_o solvent_a for_o most_o metal_n as_o silver_n mercury_n copper_n lead_v etc._n etc._n and_o also_o divers_a mineral_n body_n as-tin-glass_n spelter_n lapis_n calaminaris_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o fix_a salt_n of_o nitre_n operate_v upon_o sulphureous_a mineral_n as_o common_a sulphur_n antimony_n and_o divers_a other_o body_n of_o which_o i_o elsewhere_o make_v mention_n exper._n viii_o by_o the_o former_a trial_n it_o have_v appear_v that_o the_o increase_n of_o motion_n in_o the_o more_o penetrate_a corpuscle_n of_o a_o liquor_n contribute_v much_o to_o its_o solutive_a power_n and_o i_o shall_v now_o add_v that_o the_o shape_n and_o size_n which_o be_v mechanical_a affection_n and_o sometime_o also_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o same_o corpuscle_n do_v eminent_o concur_v to_o qualify_v a_o liquor_n to_o dissolve_v this_o or_o that_o particular_a body_n of_o this_o even_o some_o of_o the_o more_o familiar_a practice_n of_o chemist_n may_v supply_v we_o with_o instance_n for_o there_o be_v no_o account_n so_o probable_a as_o may_v be_v give_v upon_o this_o supposition_n why_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la which_o will_v dissolve_v silver_n without_o meddle_v with_o gold_n shall_v by_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o four_o part_n of_o its_o weight_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a be_v turn_v into_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la which_o without_o meddle_v with_o silver_n will_v dissolve_v gold_n but_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o have_v recourse_n to_o so_o gross_a and_o compound_v a_o body_n as_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a to_o enable_v aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la to_o dissolve_v gold_n for_o the_o spirit_n of_o common_a salt_n alone_o be_v mingle_v in_o a_o due_a proportion_n will_v suffice_v for_o that_o purpose_n which_o by_o the_o way_n show_v that_o the_o volatile_a salt_n of_o urine_n and_o soot_n that_o concur_v to_o the_o make_v up_o of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a be_v not_o necessary_a to_o the_o dissolution_n of_o gold_n for_o which_o a_o solvent_a may_v be_v make_v with_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o crude_a sea-salt_n i_o may_v add_v that_o the_o mechanical_a affection_n of_o a_o menstruum_fw-la may_v have_v such_o a_o interest_n in_o its_o dissolutive_a power_n that_o even_o mineral_n or_o metalline_a corpuscle_n may_v become_v useful_a ingredient_n of_o it_o though_o perhaps_o it_o be_v a_o distil_a liquor_n as_o may_v be_v illustrate_v by_o the_o operation_n of_o some_o compound_a solvent_n such_o as_o be_v the_o oil_n of_o antimony_n make_v by_o repeat_v rectification_n of_o what_o chemist_n call_v its_o butter_n which_o whatever_o some_o say_v to_o the_o contrary_a do_v much_o abound_v in_o antimonial_a substance_n exper._n ix_o but_o i_o shall_v return_v to_o our_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la because_o the_o mention_n i_o have_v occasion_n to_o make_v of_o that_o solvent_a bring_v into_o my_o mind_n what_o i_o devise_v to_o make_v it_o probable_a that_o a_o small_a change_n than_o one_o will_v light_o imagine_v of_o the_o bulk_n shape_n or_o solidity_n of_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o a_o menstruum_fw-la may_v make_v it_o fit_a to_o dissolve_v a_o body_n it_o will_v not_o work_v on_o before_o and_o this_o i_o the_o rather_o attempt_v because_o the_o wary_a sort_n of_o chemist_n themselves_o be_v very_o shy_a of_o the_o inward_a use_n or_o preparation_n make_v of_o gold_n by_o the_o help_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la because_o of_o the_o odious_a stink_n they_o find_v and_o the_o venenosity_n they_o suspect_v in_o that_o corrosive_n menstruum_fw-la whereas_o spirit_n of_o salt_n we_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o much_o more_o innocent_a liquor_n whereof_o if_o it_o be_v but_o dilute_v with_o fair_a water_n or_o any_o ordinary_a drink_n a_o good_a dose_n may_v be_v safe_o give_v inward_o though_o it_o have_v not_o wrought_v upon_o gold_n or_o any_o other_o body_n to_o take_v off_o its_o acrimony_n but_o whether_o or_o
no_o this_o prove_v of_o any_o great_a use_n in_o physic_n wherein_o perhaps_o if_o any_o quantity_n of_o gold_n be_v to_o be_v dissolve_v a_o great_a proportion_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n will_v be_v need_v the_o success_n will_v not_o be_v unfit_a to_o be_v mention_v in_o reference_n to_o what_o we_o be_v say_v of_o solvent_n for_o whereas_o we_o find_v not_o that_o our_o spirit_n of_o salt_n here_o in_o england_n will_v at_o all_o dissolve_v crude_a gold_n we_o find_v that_o by_o put_v some_o leafgold_n into_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o good_a spirit_n of_o salt_n when_o we_o have_v dropt-in_a spirit_n of_o nitre_n shake_v the_o glass_n at_o each_o drop_n till_o we_o perceive_v that_o the_o mixture_n be_v just_o able_a in_o a_o moderate_a heat_n to_o dissolve_v the_o gold_n we_o find_v that_o we_o have_v be_v oblige_v to_o employ_v but_o after_o the_o rate_n of_o twelve_o drop_n of_o the_o latter_a liquor_n to_o a_o ounce_n of_o the_o former_a so_o that_o suppose_v each_o of_o these_o drop_n to_o weigh_v a_o grain_n the_o forty_o part_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n be_v add_v serve_v to_o turn_v the_o spirit_n of_o salt_n into_o a_o kind_n of_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la but_o to_o know_v the_o proportion_n otherwise_o than_o by_o guess_n we_o weigh_v six_o other_o drop_n of_o the_o same_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o find_v they_o to_o amount_v not_o full_o to_o three_o grain_n and_o a_o half_a whence_o it_o appear_v that_o we_o add_v but_o about_o a_o seventi_v part_n of_o the_o nitrous_a spirit_n to_o that_o of_o salt_n the_o experiment_n that_o have_v be_v hitherto_o recite_v relate_v chief_o to_o the_o production_n of_o corrosive_a menstruum_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v now_o add_v a_o account_n of_o a_o couple_n of_o trial_n that_o i_o make_v manifest_o to_o lessen_v or_o quite_o to_o destroy_v corrosiveness_n in_o liquor_n very_o conspicuous_a for_o that_o quality_n exper._n x._o whereas_o one_o of_o the_o most_o corrosive_a menstruum_n that_o be_v yet_o know_v be_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n which_o will_v fret_v in_o piece_n both_o divers_a metal_n and_o mineral_n and_o a_o great_a number_n and_o variety_n of_o animal_n and_o vegetable_a body_n yet_o if_o you_o digest_v with_o it_o for_o a_o while_o only_a a_o equal_a weight_n of_o high_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o afterward_o distil_v the_o mixture_n very_o wary_o for_o else_o the_o experiment_n may_v very_o easy_o miscarry_v you_o may_v obtain_v a_o pretty_a deal_n of_o liquor_n not_o corrosive_a at_o all_o and_o the_o remain_a substance_n will_v be_v reduce_v partly_o into_o a_o liquor_n which_o though_o acid_a be_v not_o more_o so_o than_o one_o part_n of_o good_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n will_v make_v ten_o time_n as_o much_o common_a water_n by_o be_v well_o mingle_v with_o it_o and_o partly_o into_o a_o dry_a substance_n that_o have_v scarce_o any_o taste_n at_o all_o much_o less_o a_o corrosive_a one_o exper._n xi_o and_o though_o good_a aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la be_v the_o most_o general_o employ_v of_o corrosive_a menstruum_n as_o be_v capable_a of_o dissolve_v or_o corrode_a not_o only_o many_o mineral_n as_o tinglass_n antimony_n zinke_n etc._n etc._n but_o all_o metal_n except_o gold_n for_o though_o it_o make_v not_o a_o permanent_a solution_n of_o crude_a tin_n it_o quick_o fret_v the_o part_n asunder_o and_o reduce_v it_o to_o a_o immalleable_a substance_n yet_o to_o show_v how_o much_o the_o power_n of_o corrode_a may_v be_v take_v away_o by_o change_v the_o mechanical_a texture_n of_o a_o menstruum_fw-la even_o without_o seem_v to_o destroy_v the_o fret_a salt_n i_o practise_v and_o communicate_v to_o divers_a virtuoso_n the_o follow_a experiment_n elsewhere_o mention_v to_o other_o purpose_n we_o take_v equal_a part_n of_o good_a aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o high_o dephlegm_v spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o have_v mingle_v they_o wary_o and_o by_o degree_n without_o which_o caution_n the_o operation_n may_v prove_v dangerous_a we_o unite_v they_o by_o two_o or_o three_o distillation_n of_o the_o whole_a mixture_n which_o afterward_o we_o find_v not_o to_o have_v the_o least_o fret_a taste_n and_o to_o be_v so_o deprive_v of_o its_o corrosive_a nature_n that_o it_o will_v not_o work_v upon_o silver_n though_o by_o precipitation_n or_o otherwise_o reduce_v to_o very_o small_a part_n nay_o it_o will_v scarce_o sensible_o work_v in_o a_o good_a while_n on_o file_n of_o copper_n or_o upon_o other_o body_n which_o mere_a vinegar_n or_o perhaps_o rhenish_n wine_n will_v corrode_v nay_o i_o remember_v that_o with_o another_o spirit_n that_o be_v not_o urinous_a and_o afterward_o with_o alkool_n of_o wine_n we_o show_v a_o more_o surprise_v specimen_fw-la of_o the_o power_n of_o either_o destroy_n or_o debilitate_v the_o corrosiveness_n of_o a_o menstruum_fw-la and_o check_v its_o operation_n for_o have_v cause_v a_o piece_n of_o copperplate_n to_o be_v put_v into_o one_o ounce_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la when_o this_o liquor_n be_v eager_o work_v upon_o the_o metal_n i_o cause_v a_o ounce_n of_o the_o alkool_n of_o wine_n or_o the_o other_o spirit_n to_o be_v pour_v which_o it_o shall_v wary_o be_v upon_o the_o agitate_a mixture_n who_o effervescence_n at_o the_o first_o instant_n seem_v to_o be_v much_o increase_v but_o present_o after_o be_v check_v and_o the_o corrosiveness_n of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v speedy_o disable_v or_o correct_v the_o remain_a copper_n be_v leave_v undissolved_a at_o the_o bottom_n nor_o be_v these_o the_o only_a acid_a menstruum_n that_o i_o have_v many_o year_n since_o be_v able_a to_o correct_v by_o such_o a_o way_n for_o i_o apply_v it_o to_o other_o as_o spirit_z of_o nitre_n and_o even_o aqua_fw-la regis_n itself_o but_o it_o have_v not_o a_o equal_a operation_n upon_o all_o and_o least_o of_o all_o as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v remember_v upon_o spirit_n of_o salt_n as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n strong_a spirit_n of_o nitre_n be_v the_o menstruum_fw-la upon_o which_o its_o effect_n be_v the_o most_o satisfactory_a most_o of_o the_o chemist_n pretend_v that_o the_o solution_n of_o body_n be_v perform_v by_o a_o certain_a cognation_n and_o sympathy_n between_o the_o menstruum_fw-la and_o the_o body_n it_o be_v to_o work_v upon_o and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v that_o in_o divers_a instance_n there_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o consanguinity_n between_o the_o menstruum_fw-la and_o the_o body_n to_o be_v dissolve_v as_o when_o sulphur_n be_v dissolve_v by_o oil_n whether_o express_v or_o distil_v but_o yet_o as_o the_o opinion_n be_v general_o propose_v i_o can_v acquiesce_v in_o it_o partly_o because_o there_o be_v divers_a solution_n and_o other_o phaenomena_n where_o it_o will_v not_o take_v place_n and_o partly_o because_o even_o in_o those_o instance_n wherein_o it_o be_v think_v most_o applicable_a the_o effect_n seem_v to_o depend_v upon_o mechanical_a principle_n exper._n xii_o and_o first_o it_o will_v be_v difficult_a to_o show_v what_o consanguinity_n there_o be_v between_o sal_fw-la gem_n and_o antimony_n and_o iron_n and_o zinke_n and_o bread_n and_o camphire_n and_o lapis_fw-la calaminaris_n and_o flesh_n of_o divers_a kind_n and_o oyster-shell_n and_o hartshorn_n and_o chalk_n and_o quicklime_n some_o of_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o vegetable_a some_o to_o the_o mineral_n and_o some_o to_o the_o animal_n kingdom_n and_o yet_o all_o of_o they_o and_o divers_a other_o as_o i_o have_v try_v may_v even_o without_o the_o assistance_n of_o external_a heat_n be_v dissolve_v or_o corrode_v by_o one_o single_a mineral_n menstruum_fw-la oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v neglect_v on_o this_o occasion_n some_o of_o they_o may_v be_v body_n suppose_v by_o chemist_n to_o have_v a_o antipathy_n to_o each_o other_o in_o point_n of_o corrosion_n or_o dissolution_n exper._n xiii_o i_o observe_v also_o that_o a_o dissolution_n may_v be_v make_v of_o the_o same_o body_n by_o menstruum_n to_o which_o the_o chemist_n attribute_n as_o i_o just_a now_o observe_v they_o do_v to_o some_o body_n a_o mutual_a antipathy_n and_o which_o therefore_o be_v not_o like_a to_o have_v a_o sympathy_n with_o the_o same_o three_o body_n as_o i_o find_v by_o trial_n that_o both_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o spirit_n of_o urine_n upon_o who_o mixture_n there_o ensue_v a_o conflict_n with_o a_o great_a effervescence_n will_v each_o of_o they_o apart_o ready_o dissolve_v crude_a zinke_n and_o so_o each_o of_o they_o will_v the_o file_n of_o copper_n not_o to_o mention_v that_o pure_a spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n as_o great_a a_o difference_n as_o there_o be_v between_o they_o in_o i_o know_v not_o how_o many_o respect_n and_o as_o notable_a a_o heat_n as_o will_v ensue_v upon_o their_o commixture_n will_v each_o of_o they_o dissolve_v camphire_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v other_o instance_n