Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
water_n	communicate_v	fresh_a	great_a	25	3	2.1418	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A49774	A discourse of subterraneal treasure occasioned by some late discoveries thereof in the county of Norfolk, and sent in a letter to Thomas Brown M.D.	Lawrence, Thomas, A.M.; Browne, Thomas, Sir, 1605-1682.	1668 (1668)	Wing L685; ESTC R26836	16,599	103

numerous than other creatures not for any saltness which at the most can but * Aegyptii ideo à sale abstinuerunt teste Plutarcho quod salem venerem irritare persuasū haberent Levin Lemn de Nat. Miracul l. 2. p. 228. irritate to copulation but doth not render the seed ever the more prolifical For fresh water fish are as multiplicative of their species as the other in proportion There is not a fish that swimmeth in the deep that hath a greater quantity of spawn considering his bulk than a Carp yet it is a fresh water fish Nor can I believe there can any other reason be given why the Irish women have so many Children than because their Country and consequently themselves are so exceeding moist as appears by their stature their pale countenances their flaccid soft and phlegmatick habit of body And indeed I think that it were as reasonable to seek for taste in an egg Ex ovo omnia Harv And what taste is there in the white of an egg Job as for salt in the sperm of fish or any other creature for by virulent Gonorrhaea's it appears that a sharp and saline quality is a token rather of corruption than of any active and generative energy Et quod verissimum est dicimus Novimus jam nosco mulieres varias conjugatas sat juvenes quae ab erroribus dietae à Pica sive Malacia causatis praecipuè à salitorum vel potiùs ab incommisti salis esu non tandum sordidos pallidos faetidosque obtinuere colores cutes impolitas rugosas ventriculos nauseabundos verumetiam suffocatae omnino evaserunt steriles But although I attribute the effects above mentioned to water rather than salt yet I would not be conceived to imbibe Thales Milesius opinion that aqua is so named quasi à qua omnia as if all things were from it and yet do believe that it is causa sine qua non and a great nurse and fosterer of Generations if not a Parent of them And of Minerals too especially if we should embrace the opinion of the Peripateticks that all mixed bodies are immediately composed of the four Elements for then these being the most ponderous bodies must needs have in them the most weighty Elements in good quantity and those are Earth and Water 3. The Sea is the original of all Waters nor could any fountain else afford enough to supply the Earth to all uses That which by the Neotericks hath lately been found out of the Circulation of the Bloud and Humours in the Microcosm was long since discovered which might possibly hint that in the greater world Eccles. 1.7 All rivers run into the Sea yet the Sea is not full unto the place from whence the rivers come thither they return again And what huge quantities of water must be necessary for the whole Earth may be hence inferred that the superficies of it needs so much that besides the innumerable Springs Fountains Chanels Rivers and Lakes with which it is irrigated were it not for frequent showres from above would soon be parched up and unable to produce sustenance for Man or Beast which help the bowels of the Earth are destitute of for the moisture of showres peirceth not above ten foot deep at the most And indeed this is the onely reason that can be given of the Seas saltness because it doth wash and so dissolve much salt from the rocks of Salt in subterraneal caverns where it doth pass and would long ere this have caused places where such rocks have been to sink in But that first there is a continual generation and accretion as well as a dissolution and secondly because that Salt is very hard insomuch that some stones of salt there are found in several waters undissolved as those of which Cambden informs us in the River Weere near Batterby in the Bishoprick of Durham Cambd. Brit. Brigant And as for that dreadful story of Lots wife turned into a pillar of salt Gen. 19.26 as we are to believe the thing so may it not be improbable that it was termed a pillar as well for the solidity durableness and difficulty of dissolution as well as for its shape and form God striking her in that manner as a more durable monument of his anger against Disobedience And our glass at this day is but salt after its highest fusion and yet it is very solid and durable and imports no quality to water Thirdly and lastly the sea-Sea-water having imbibed so much salt before is the less able to dissolve more 4. That though the Sea on the coast near the shore may communicate its waters by perlocation yet to places at great distance it cannot pass so as to afford a due supply but by Gulphs and subterraneal In-draughts In many places of the world they make the sea-sea-water potable and fresh by digging of pits in the sand into which the sea-sea-water streining it self leaves its saltness behind But this must be done at no great distance from the Sea and it must be in sand or clay or the like for if the shore be rocky it will not do as we see in many places where they dig a very great depth for fresh water near the Sea and cannot be supplied till they find a fresh spring a great many foot under the surface of the Sea So we see that when we filtrate liquors through shop-paper if it be thin and bibulous it passeth if thick and too close it will not pass Some illustrate the percolation of the sea-water by this experiment Take a round ball of moist clay make it hollow in the inside fill it with salt water lay it to the fire and it will extill by the pores of the clay and become fresh and insipid Now that there are vast gulphs and chanels from the sea under the earth will easily appear when we consider that some great lakes and oceans there are that have no other way to vent themselves What way can the Caspian Sea exonerate it self by after it hath taken into it Volga Jaxares Ochus Oxus and other huge Rivers What other reason can be given why some lakes are full of sea fish and yet at great distance from the Sea In Bainoa a Province of Hispaniola is a lake of salt water which hath 24 Rivers running into it yet never increaseth and hath Sharks and other sea-fish in it Again there are salt springs in all Countreys that ebbe and flow as the Sea and the Coasts do There are also salt rivers as Ochus and Oxus salt lakes as that before mentioned Besides this it is ordinary for chanels and rivers to run a great way on the earth and then to ingulp themselves Georg. Witnerus The waters of the Cirknickzerksey lake in Carniola gush with that violence and swiftnesse out of the ground that they will overtake a swift Horse-man and presently are swallowed in a deep gulph again In the Province of Cazcium in Hispaniola is a

great cave in an hollow rock under the root of a very high mountain in which divers Rivers after they have run fourscore and ten miles pass as into an indraught and are swallowed up In most Countreys we read of the like A mountain there is in Caermarthen-shire where Careg-castle sometimes stood in which are many spacious holes and wide caves with a Well that ebbs and flows as the Sea on the Coast doth twice in four and twenty hours The Current of one and the same Sea in several parts contrary ways demonstrates this as in the Atlantick Sea in some places from and in some places towards the North like Liquor in a funnel In some places there are whirlepools whose waters turn clean round insomuch that if a Ship at such times come over them they are in most extreme danger of sinking Such an one there is in the North Sea near the coast of Norway At other times the waters with that violence come out of the earth that a Cannon cast over-board will not sink This caused Taurellus and some others to think these the onely cause of the Tides Andreas Moralis Moral decad 7. c. 8. on the Coast of Hispaniola was sucked into whirlepools where with that violence the water was drawn into the earth that with extraordinary toil the Ship hardly escaped sinking Again the heterogeneous bodies that are found so deep are such usually that either are generated or most usually dwell in the Sea as shells bones of fish masts anchors parts of ships Simlerus Ortelius At Berna in Switzerland Anno 1460. fifty fathom deep in a Mine where they got metall-oar Fracastorius a Ship was digged up in which were forty eight carkases of Men with other merchandise Out of the Ocean into the Mediterranean Sea In Greenland a Mast was digged out of the top of an high Hill with a pully hanging to it there is a continual current by the streights of Gibraltar another Current into the same out of the Euxine Sea by the Thrasian Bosphorus besides very many and great Rivers And which way can it exonerate it self for those vast flouds do not increase it And Solomons Circulation of humours in the Macrocosm above mentioned is very considerable nor is the Analogy in this particular between that and the lesser World obscure For the Sea in that answereth to the Fountain of bloud in this The Subterraneal Rivers and those above ground may answer to the vessels containing the bloud And both these answer to the vasa attrahentia deferentia for the subterraneal chanels carry the water from the Sea the Rivers return it to the Sea Again as both sorts of vessels are greater near the fountain of bloud in the body so are the chanels biggest nearest the Sea their fountain and though it may sometimes happen otherwise yet if the banks of any are wider so that they look like lakes a great while before they discharge themselves into the Ocean I look on it but as casuall and bearing proportion with the divarications of vessels in mans body Again vessels in our bodies are from trunks like trees branched out in ramulos surculos and other minute distributions answering to the stalks of leaves or fruits which are again subdivided into capillary conveyances and thence the bloud and humours pass per poros for the nutriment of the solid parts so are the Rivers above and without doubt the chanels under ground in proportion to them from their main trunks divided into Brooks those Brooks into Rivulets these into lesser conveyances as it were capillary vessels and every where dispersed and disseminated according to the exigence of nature and thence passe through the pores of the Earth that no part may be destitute of a due supply for the Generation and increase of all bodies Again the aestus maris bears some proportion to the pulse of the bloud in the Microcosm the ebbing and contraction of the water is the systole the turgescency floating and dilatation of the water is the diastole the space between both the perisystole Again as in the heart and in some vessels only that carry the bloud that motion is to be found so is the aestus discovered in some vessels only that conveigh the humour of the greater World Not that I look on this as any kind of proof but as an illustration the better to guide our conceptions in Natures Water-works by what is seen that we may the better understand that which is not seen or at least not so plainly However enough to our purpose it is that such Subterraneal chanels there are from the Sea under the Earth As for the common scruple of the improbability of the waters rising so high out of the Sea to the superfice of the Earth it is the least hindrance of an hundred for if there be a continuity of the air waters will rise as high as the surface of the waters from whence they came as appears in Siphunculis and therefore may rise to the tops of the highest hills For the highest places of the Sea answer to the tops of the loftiest mountains or else the earth could not be spherical Were it not for bounds God hath set the waters are high enough to turn again and cover the earth v. 9. He hath Chambers or Receptacles by which to water the hills v. 13 To this the Psalmist is consonant Psalme 104. The waters go up by the Mountains they go down by the Valleys unto the place which thou hast founded for them With what violence do the waters gush out of Saint Winifreds Well in Wales on the top of a great hill Again compression of those vast quantities of water forcing them into Earth may make them mount the higher as Hoggsheads full and newly broached run the faster I 'le illustrate this by the following experiment Take two round Boards equally sized fasten strong Leather to those Boards above below and on the sides so close that they may hold water from the lower board let an hollow pipe go up on the out-side higher than the upper board fill this instrument with water then put a weight on the upper board and proportionable to the weight so will the waters mount to a greater or lesser height as in this Figure A. The upper board B. The lower board ccc The Leather on every side D. The Pipe through which the water will leap upwards E. The weight of compression But it may be objected that this is an adventitious and external compression and not that of the water onely But I answer that such a compression there is in the Sea from agitation of the waters by wind and other causes and yet that waters by their own natural compression will mount higher than the brims of the vessel containing may be evident from this that if we take one of a considerable capacity with a pipe on the outside something higher than its brims and rub the brims with Rosin or such like Gum and then fill it full till no more water can be poured in stopping the orifice of the pipe in the mean time with ones finger then removing the finger it will presently burst out at the pipe It may be demanded then Why are not all Rivers salt To this I answer That most of them have their waters stopped and percolated and so leave their saltnesse behind But as for those that have no hinderance they are not onely salt but do constantly ebbe and flow as hath been exemplified already Those that have a stoppage by a bank of earth to such an heighth onely issue fresh water at their ebbe and at their flote salt as that fountain in the Isle of Gades doth See Ortel map epitomixed in the description of Gades Those that are salt and have no tides are such as after percolation wash some rocks of salt before their eruption 5. Where mighty flouds come with violence as these must of necessity do by reason of the vast quantity the mighty compression and the unspeakable weight of the waters of the Ocean they will easily carry with them light and with no great difficulty ponderous bodies This needs not and therefore shall not have any proof 6. Heterogeneous bodies by the weight and strength of waters forced into a narrow place cannot easily by the return of those beyond them if they return at all the same way be brought forth again Because there is little or no compression and therefore the return of the water is leasurely and by degrees This is obvious to Sense and therefore needs no illustration 7. And as much evident to sense it is that any heterogeneous bodies so remaining unremoved soon gather slime and sand about them and in a small space of time are lodged as it were in firm ground This is no more wonderful than to have any vessel in the Microcosm obstructed by crude and heterogeneous bodies caeteris paribus Nor need we seek for rare Water-works for every ordinary gutter and sink will demonstrate this And thus Doctor you have my Opinion of the way by which those Cockle Muscle and Oyster-shells you mentioned were brought and lodged in that place If they were truly shells they were conveyed either above or under ground but not so usually above therefore under If under ground then by natural or voluntary agents If by natural and necessary then either by Vapours Exhalations or Waters but this is done usually and commonly by none of the former therefore by the last which is the more likely to effect it 1. Because there are numerous generations in the Earth 2. Where many generations are much water is necessary 3. No fountain can supply the earth to these purposes but the Sea which is the original of all waters 4. Though the Sea communicate his waters to places near it by percolation it must and doth supply that afar off by whole flouds gulphs and indraughts 5. Where mighty flouds come with violence they will carry very weighty bodies with them 6. Heterogeneous bodies are not easily brought back again when they are forced into a narrow place 7. But in a little time gather slime and earth about them and so are lodged in firm ground Psal 139.14 Marvellous are thy works O Lord and that my soul knows right well FINIS