Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
water_n	cold_a	hot_a	moist_a	5,078	5	10.3751	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A63802	A new art of brewing beer, ale, and other sorts of liquors so as to render them more healthfull to the body and agreeable to nature, and to keep them longer from souring, with less trouble and charge then generally practised, which will be a means to prevent those torturing distempers of the stone, gravel, gout, and dropsie : together with easie experiments for making excellent drinks with apples, currans, goodberries, cherries, herbs, seeds, and hay &c., and the way to preserve eggs five or six months from being musty or rotten : wih an appendix how to make fruit trees constantly fruitful : also a way how every one may purge themselves with common salad herbs and roots, and a method how to prevent constiveness in the body / by the author of The way to long life, health, and happiness &c.	Tryon, Thomas, 1634-1703.	1690 (1690)	Wing T3187; ESTC R26334	40,831	148

are more plentifully sent forth then in other as after an hot Summer in August September and October the Elements then being moist and full of Humidity occasioned by the Declination of the Sun the Days warm the Nights cold which do condense those warm Vapors that the Earth and Waters breathes and sends forth Now these Streams or Breathes which are nothing else but the natural Motions of innate Life and Operations of Nature are better or worse good or bad healthy or unhealthy according to the Nature and quality of the Waters and situation of the Ground which they proceed from Now these Steems or Vapors that arises and proceeds from clear Fountains and Springs or from running Rivers especially such as have Flux and Reflux as the River of Thames and many others have are fine moist thin and penetrating and are powerful openers of Obstructions and great Preservers of Nature and begets Appetite and are good against Astmatical Distempers of the Breast especially if the quality and quantity of Meats and Drinks be carefully observed but the contrary is to be understood of those Steems and Vapors that arises and proceeds from low boggy Grounds Pools standing Waters and the like which do agree but with few Constitutions except such as are born and bred in such places and tho' good Airs are great Preservers of Health yet Temperance and Order hath the first place and ought to be regarded above all other Circumstances and if that be wanting other things and observations signifies little It is also to be noted That all Waters do more plentifully breathe forth Steems and Vapors than the Earth as being more penetrable thin and transparent and therefore more capable of receiving the Light and sweet Influences of the Celestial than the Earth which is a close firm compacted dark Body in comparison of the Element of Water therefore the Vapors proceeding from the Earth are heavier duller and fewer in quantity but not so thin nor penetrating in quality as these from the Water for this Cause those Persons whose Imployments are in and about Waters have for the most part greater Appetites than others and are more lively brisk and strong Therefore it is very good for all People that are afflicted with shortness of Breath Stoppages at the Stomach or over-fatness to imploy themselves on Waters or use themselves to walk by Rivers sides as much as they can in all Seasons of the Year but more especially in Spring and Summer for those fine thin cool penetrating Vapors are as it were suckt in on all sides of the Body which do render those whose Imployments are abroad brisk lively and healthful more especially in moderate Seasons and when the Air and Elements are a little inclinable to Humidity which do mightily rarifie the Air and make it more penetrating and all Men and Beasts are not so subject to heat and drought and other Indispositions as in hot dry Seasons for heat and drought do not only as it were close up the Poors of the Earth but it thickens and stagnates the Air consuming the fine thin moist penetrating Vapors and Spirits making them thick hot and sulpherous and hinders the natural Motions and Circulations of the Elements and their Salniteral Virtues Now this Motion Circulation and continual Sympathatical Mixtion of the Elements is further manifested by the Sea which is the Center of the Element of Water the Moon being the Governess thereof she having a certain secret Influence according to her Increase Decrease and Configurations she hath with the Celestial Bodies for if there were not a continual Motion in this great Fountain Tides Flux and Reflux there could be no Creature generated or should there be a Cessation from Motion but a few hours the whole would immediately become a stinking Lake and all her Inhabitants would be destroyed for that which we call Tides is nothing else but the natural Motion and Circulation that proceeds from the Center or Heart and Animals can as well subsist and continue there being without Motion and Circulation of the Blood and breathing as the great Fountains of Waters or other Elements can live or give being to their Children without Motion and continual Circulation which arises and proceeds from an innate power of the Elements for these Elements are the great Body and wonderful Powers of God and by his centeral Word and innate Virtue all things both in the Animal Vegitable and Mineral Kingdoms have been and are made generated and preserved for the whole Globe of Earth Water Fire and Air are the living Powers of God in which his holy Word do continually create and bring to manifestation the hidden Mysteries and Wonders both of Time and Eternity to his eternal Praise and Glory and his Work goes alway on in exact Number Weight and Measure for in God nor in his Handmaid Nature there is no such thing as standing still or idleness for should the Primum Mobile cease from its natural Motion and Circulation but a few Minutes the whole Mundam Sistime would be ready to sink into Confusion for standing still or idleness have no sympathy either with God or Nature for the Heavens Stars and Elements with the wonderful and amazing Varieties of Beasts Fishes Vegitation and Minerals wherewith the lower Worlds are indued and furnished are the living Powers and Works of the Lord and are still continued by his Alwise Providence and Divine Word which is never idle for Idleness as is said before is allowed no being either in the Internal or External Worlds all in the Beginning was brought into a Being through Labour and Motion as the Learned Moses saith The Lord moved himself on the face of the Waters and they are still sustained to this day by the same active and working Power of the Creator Consider the daily Motions and Circulations of the Celestials viz. Sun Moon and wonderful Company of Stars their Rising Setting continual Motion Courses and various Configurations and all in exact Order Behold the Fountains Springs and Rivers labouring continually in a long progress to pay their tributary Streams to the Ocean and the Ocean by industrious Tides Flux and Refluxes striving as it were to supply the Land from its innate or central Power Do not the great Eye of the World by a sympathatical Power and universal Motion of all Elements exhale Moysture from the Fountains of Waters and bottle it up in the Clouds or Powers of God till an appointed time and then Return it with plenteous Usury to water and make fat the Earth with the Dew of Heaven And are not the like Circular Motions and variety of Powers understood in Man And is not he a little World out of the great In him is contained the true Nature and Operation of all Elements and yet what great Matters can he do or perform without Motion and Action Are not all these necessary things that serves for the support and accommodation of Human Life are not nor cannot be procured without

inlarge your quantity which is not proper which in its due place I shall demonstrate then put up what quantity you think convenient of cold Water and let it stand not more then half an hour and then run it off to some fresh Hops and then put this third Wort and also Hops into the Copper as you did the second and let the Hops infuse till they are near boyling then strain it off into your Coolers and you have done but you must remember that your Liquor or Water do not boyl for boyling of Water does irritate and evaporate the subtle fine penetrating Spirits whence the more friendly mild opening qualities do exist which do make such Water or Liquor more harsh hard and fixed which do render it not so capable to draw forth or extract the sweet virtues of the Mault for boyling of Water does open its Body and sets the Spirit on the wing for this cause all Water that hath been boyled becomes of a colder harsher and harder nature then that which hath never been fired and therefore it will not prepare any Foods and Drinks so natural not to that advantage as that which hath not been boyled And that you may be convinced of this Truth boyl a quantity of good River water and put it into a good clear Vessel and let it stand a while and then take a like quantity and put into another Vessel and let that stand the same time as the other and you will find the boyled Water to stink and never be sweet again but your Water which remains intire not touched with the Fire will also stink or rather firment but then it will be sweet and good as for any use as before the Reason thereof is this for the Fire doth force forth and evaporate the essential Spirits and good preserving Virtues which do render of a dead dull phlegmatick gross Nature and Operation as we have more largely Discoursed in our Way to Health Secondly It is a general Custom to put up hot Liquor a third time on your Mault or rather Grains and to let it stand an hour or more which makes a very ill sort of Drink for the first and second Liquors have extracted or drawn forth all the brisk lively sweet qualities of the Mault so that this third hot Liquor hath nothing to work on or draw forth but only a gross Substance stinking harsh bitter or keen quality void of all the seminal or sweet Virtues Now if there be any goodness left in the Mault or Grains it is weak and fainty and the gross fulsom Martial Saturnine Properties are strong and have obtained the Ascendant and therefore they do in a moment swallow up the fading Virtue and transmute it into its own Property for these fiery qualities do with open Jaws devour the friendly Virtues and turn them into their own Nature viz. into a fiery keen quality a meer Caput mortuum Phlegm for all things when they have attained their highest degree limit or perfection do by degrees as it were go backwards and sink towards their Original or Root whence they proceeded Thirdly By what hath been said it appears and ought to be considered That the same Beer that is made of the third putting up of the Liquor on the Mault or Grains is generally pernicious to Health for as is mentioned before the first and second Liquors have before drawn forth all or most of the good sweet friendly Virtues and there remains nothing but a dull heavy gross Phlegm of a tart sour Nature which incorporates with the Liquor and is of a very unpleasing taste and small and then the common Custom is to take this third Wort indeed not fit for Hoggs-wash and boyl it stoutly with the Dregs of the Hops which hath been boyled several hours before in the first and second Wort which still doth more increase the Mischief for the boyling of Hops totally suffocates evaporates and destroys all the volatile Spirits and soft friendly Virtues and there does nothing remain in them after such boyling but an harsh bitter astringent sour Property which such small Wort in the boyling draws forth For this cause most small Beer especially that which is made after Ale or strong Beer is injurious to Health and the common drinking thereof does generate various Diseases but more especially the Scurvy in the Blood therefore all that do regard their Health ought to forbear drinking such ill prepared Liquors The best Small or Table Beer is to be made by adding a large proportion of Liquor to your Mault according as you would have it and then mix the first and second Wort equally together for the Reasons before mentioned for all Preparations were intended to open the crude Body by firmentation or some other way which do not only awaken and set the fine Spirits and friendly Virtues on the wing but also in some degree excite the harsh ●itter sour astringent Properties but still the balsamick Virtues are most volatile and readiest to give forth themselves when communicated to a proper Minstrim as appears not only in the Art of Brewing but also in common Chymistry the Spirits and good Properties gives forth themselves and runs off first and afterwards the bitter astringent four harsh ones follows Fourthly The quantity of Hops for Beer if you propose to keep it half a year or a year ought to be six or seven pound to eight Bushels of Mault and so proportionable but for Beer or Ale that is to be spent presently two three or four to eight Bushels will suffice Also note That all sorts of Beer or Ale are best new and much more agreeable to Nature as I have mentioned before for the longer any firmented Drinks are kept the more they tend towards harshness keneness and sharpness and the Saturnine Martial Properties are thereby advanced and the mild friendly qualities debilitated for which reason all stale Beer does heat the Body and much more disorder it then new Fifthly Another thing is in a most special manner to be noted viz That your Vessels in which you cool your Wort ought to be well cleansed and also your Mash-tub viz. washed well with cold water which is better than hot for boyling water does as it were fright or drive back into the wood a certain four fulsom quality that the former Wort left behind and which the wood of the Coolers had suckt in for the humidity or sweet quality that the wood receives from the Wort do presently turn very sharp four and keen especially in hot Seasons of the Year so that when the fresh new sweet Wort comes into such Coolers it does most eagerly and powerfully attract and draw forth that lurking keen sharp sour quality that the wood had received and retained which will occasion the whole to become of a sharp quality which is called Pricks but hardly perceivable to the Palate but when it is firmented this evil quality gets the Ascendent over the whole which is the principal

occasion why Brewers Ale in hot Seasons will not keep above four five or six days or there abouts Now the best way to prevent this Evil is that your Coolers are still washed well in cold water wherein some bitter Herbs or Seeds are infused 24 hours as Wormwood gathered and dried as we have taught in our Way to Health and after they are well cleansed with this bitter water then expose your Vessels to the open Air as much as possible you can for nothing sweetens and cleanseth so much as Air also avoid putting your Vessels into Cellars or any close Places where the Air hath not its free influences The like is to be done in the cleansing your Tun in which you work your Drink in The like is to be understood in Ovens for if you bake spicy Foods as Pies and the like and afterwards heat the Oven for small Bread such Bread will be tinged and smell strong of the former things that is if the Oven be heat presently but if the Oven stands open two or three days in which time those spicy qualities will evaporate for the Spirits of things are so quick powerful and subtile that they penetrate even the hardest of Bodies which neither fire nor water can presently extinguish but they remain as it were intire and fixed until a sutable subject matter be offered into which as by Simile they retreat and therewith readily incorporate and therefore remember your Friend the Air and to prevent this and many other Inconveniences expose your Vessels to its free Influences for no Element hath so great power to cleanse sweeten and to give true Life to every thing according to the nature of each as Air and where it has its free Circulation and Influence it destroys all Putrification Vermine and evil Scents But because brewing is become a Trade and such must brew three or four days in a week therefore they have not sufficient time to expose their Vessels to this cleansing Element as Houswives and others that brew only for their own private Families it will therefore be convenient for them to Copper Lead or Tin their Coolers over as also the Mash-tub or Tun they firment or work there drink in but Copper and Tin is best which will in a great degree prevent the souring or pricking of their Ale in Summer and their Beer will have the same advantage for the sweet Spirits cannot so easily penetrate those hard Metaline Bodies nor will so great a quantity of Humidity enter and that which does will not become sharp nor sour as in wood having no such subject matter to work on It is also to be noted That your Wort ought to stand very thin or shallow in your Coolers for that will preserve it from fretting and growing sharp or keen if the other Circumstances before-mentioned be observed Moreover your Wort ought to be as it were quite cold before it be put together to work● for if it be set together too hot it will firment so violently and in a moments time irritate and awaken the hot sharp fiery Spirit which should not be stirred up which spends and destroys the pure fine Spirit and sweet Body and consequently cause your Beer or Ale to grow stale to fast Nor ought you when your Beer or Ale is in the Tun to beat your Yest or Balm into it as the Custom of some Brewers is especially in and about London which is very prejudicial to Health and ought to be restrained by some Law for this beating of the Yest into the drink does so mix and as it were incorporate them together and flatten or suffocate the fine penetrating Virtues that in its firmentation the gross excrementitious Matter cannot seperate from the finer Parts by which means it does retain a strong gross and fulsom sweetness which too many ignorant People admire and count good and nourishing but in truth such Liquors fail not to fur foul and obstruct the Stomach and Passages sending dark dulling Fumes and Vapors into the Head and also generate an hard gritty quality in People subject to the Stone and Gravel Also such Drinks are of evil consequence to Women who are of tender Natures and weaker Spirits and Heats than Men therefore let them refrain the same if they have any respect to their own and their Childrens Healths The usual Course in brewing is to let your Drink work in the Tun till it begins to fall or firment more gently and then to Tun it up into your Casks which new motion and agitation puts the Drink upon a fresh firmentation and causes it oftentimes to work again as fierce and eagerly as it did at first or more which is apt to make it fret or spend it self for much or fierce working makes all Drinks to grow keen and stale sooner then when its firmentation is moderate It will indeed in such Case become fine somewhat sooner because the volatile Spirits and sweet Body is wasted or rather turned into sharpness by the two long and fierce firmentation Therefore those that have a mind to avoid this Inconveniency ought to Tun or put up their Drink young as the Brewers calls it that is before it hath firmented too much viz. so soon as your Drink works you ought to Tun it into the Barrels or Vessels and you need not doubt but it will work sufficiently nay you may when your Wort is thorough cold mix your Yest well with your Wort and put it into your Vessels presently and it will do extraordinary well Now if any think that so short a time of Infusion as I have prescribed will not get out the Virtue and Goodness of the Hops without boyling of them stoutly I answer That all the mild friendly virtues of Hops lyes as it were outward and ready which with the least violence are drawn forth as appears by that delicate Scent and Odor which they cast abroad nay so free and tender they are that if they be not close ram'd or stuffed into Baggs the very Air shall steal away most of their Excellency and if so what will the fierce heat and violent boyling do which every considerate wise man ought to consider Now as to the Nature of Hops there is in them a most excellent glance or friendly opening quality more especially if they were dried in the Sun which is to be preferred before the Host or Kill for the spirituous parts of this Plant is so nice that it cannot indure any violent heat without prejudice to its fine Virtues and you might almost as rationally make your Hay that way which if you should be so dull as not to perceive your folly I doubt not but your bruit Beasts would upbraid you of indiscretion and teach you the difference Hops naturally purges powerfully by Urine if prepared and used with understanding so that they are unjustly charged to breed the Stone for on the contrary they are a special Remedy against it if orderdered with judgment and as they

four five six seven eight nine ten or twenty are jumbled together as I have elsewhere demonstrated Those that desire a more friendly Ale then is generally drunk may infuse what quantity they please in there warm Wort as you do Hops Also use the Herb Ale-hoof Fennel Seeds Caroways and Coriander all which are notable Purges by Urine but they purge by Urine more powerful when infused in either new Ale or Beer that is already firmented as is mentioned before so you may do it in small quantities as you have occasion But if you infuse those or any other Herbs in Water viz. in cold Water for ten or twelve hours and then drink a pint or what you please which have a far more powerful Operation against the forementioned Distempers then in any firmented Liquor It is further to be considered That strong stale Beer Syder Wine or any other firmented Liquors the frequent drinking thereof do not only generate the Stone and Gravel but they do as often occasion the Gout Consumptions Dropsies and many other Diseases all according to the Nature of each mans Constitution and what properly hath got the Ascendant in the Humors of the Body as is manifest in great Eaters and Drinkers one man drinks and eats himself into the Gout another into a Consumption another into a Dropsie or some other Distemper the evil Effects are as various as their Natures and Constitutions are contrary Be therefore reconciled to Water that generous Element which without doubt was and is the only Drink ordained for all Creatures by our Creator therefore he that first firmented the Juices of the Grape and made strong Drink thereof did drink and was drunk and therefore was cursed with the greatest of Curses which ought to be considered by all wise and good men but Water is so friendly and does contain many secret and admirable Virtues which the Creator hath indued this Element with as in all Ages hath been manifest for it being pure and clear in its own Nature and is it not the only and alone thing by which all External things are purified purged and cleansed And though it be a vulgar Proverb As weak as Water yet I must tell you Water is more strong and sublime then most imagine for it contains a most ravishing and excellent sweet Virtue whence proceeds the pure friendly refreshing quality whereby it hath power by its innate Virtue to delight and purifie all sorts of Food Also in Preparations it is so innocent and friendly that it dissipates the gross phlemy Body and preserves the more Essential Parts and Virtues and keeps them living What shall I say words cannot declare its excellency it is not only the most plentiful and truly pleasant of all Drinks but it supplies Nature with its friendly moisture and relieves Thirst beyond all other Liquors or Juices it is so simple and indued with such equality that it insinuates its mild opening Virtues into all parts of the Body in an insensible way it makes no noise nor causes any tumults in the Brain nor awakens any inequality in the Body but it imparts its meek Life as it were in silence and as Bread hath the first place of all Food and may justly be called Concord as being the foundation of all good Nourishment the like is to be understood of Water that being the Radix of all moist Nourishment and renders all things fit and profitable for Mankind of which there are great variety all according to the Natures and Salniteral Virtues of the Earth it proceeds from but for general Use Rain River and Spring-water are the best and that of these sorts that will wash brew and perform all Preparations in Houswifery is the best viz. that Water that will wash Lining to advantage is the best which generally River-water will do far better than most Springs as I have demonstrated in our Way to Health Cautions against certain Foods that Generate the Stone and Gravel First SUch as are naturally subject to these Diseases ought to refrain from all over-salt Fish and Flesh for such things are not only hard of Concoction furring the Passages but they do heat the whole Body and infect the Blood with a salt sharp scorbutick Humour occasioning Crudities and evil Juices obstructing the Passages of the whole Body and especially the Uriters Thirdly Let them refrain all Spicy Foods for they naturally heat the blood hurt the natural heat and produce the same Effects especially in youth Thirdly Let them refrain all or most sorts of Food made sweet with Sugar for the frequent use of such Meats and Drinks do prove very prejudicial to most Peoples health but more especially to such as are subject to the forementioned Diseases for over-sweetness in Foods and Drinks does not only thicken the Blood and hinder its free Circulation but it indues it with a watery phlegmatick quality and turns the Humours to the highest degree of souerness more especially if fats and sweetness be compounded together as they are for the most part as the sweetest Wines makes the sharpest Vinegar which immediately tends towards Putrifaction whence proceeds various Diseases according to each mans Constitution and Complexion viz. Scabs Boyls Leprosies Consumptions Gout and Stone all Stoppages of the Breast ill Digestion Nautiousness rotten Teeth offensive Breath all which Distempers have of late years been more brief and frequent since the common eating of sugered Foods and Drinks And indeed most Mothers and Nurses through an ignorant fondness do lay the Foundations for these and the like Diseases in Children from their very Infancy by the continued use of sweetned Milks and other compounded Foods for Sugar tho' it be the King of all Vegitations and the sublimest Salt the Vegitative Kingdom affords as being more highly graduated in the almost paradisical quality the Sweet nevertheless that too frequent or over-much eating of it proves baneful to Health especially to young People and Children for when it comes into the Stomach and is there firmented it presently tends to keneness sharpness and souerness which in many People proves of evil Consequence and does generate a hard gretty Stone making Substance as it finds Matter capable and disposed to receive and joyn Forces with it Fourthly Also let those that are subject to the forementioned Diseases forbear as much as in them lies the frequent eating of fat succulant Foods for you must note that all fat Bodies are nothing so easily dissolvable neither can the Natural Minstrum or Heat of the Stomach so well digest or make separation thereof as it can on Vegitation neither do such things generate so good Blood or fine brisk lively Spirits for this Cause fat Foods lye long in the Stomach and seem to satisfie it not that they afford more or better Nourishment but the reason thereof is their oyliness as is manifest in all External Operations for what Menstrum will easily separate and dissolve fat oyly things The like is to be understood of the Stomach for

three hours but if it be for present drinking then Balm or any other good Herb After this add to every Gallon two or three pound of Treakle or two or three pound of Sugar or Hony but if you would have it very strong then add more sweetning then take some Yest or Barm and put it a working as you do Beer or Ale The same method you may observe in all other Fruits as Goosberries Currans and the like This sort of Drink or Wine is to be preferred before that which is made of the whole Juice especially if your Sugar be good it drinks finer and is lighter on the Stomach and more warm not so apt to send fumes into the Head and will digest any sort of Food much better than that which is commonly made There is another way of making this sort of Drink viz. Take good Water and make it scalding hot put it into your Mash-tub to your bruised Fruits and let them infuse one hour then draw it off infuse your Herbs or Seeds in it if they be bitter half an hour if not then an hour then put it a cooling as you do Wort and then put your Sugar Treakle or Hony what quantity you think fit or as you would have it in strength then add some Yest stir it well together and it will firment or work and so barrel it but cold Water from the Fountain is to be preferred before hot and is much a brisker Wine These are easie cheap familiar ways and makes most excellent Drink If your Fruits be of your own Growth it will then stand you but in a small matter very little more than ordinary Beer and be much stronger This sort of Drink every poor man may have and indeed it is a better and more wholsomer Drink or Wine then the common sort made by pressing for Water is the Homogenial Menstrum in the World and most familiar to Human Nature and by this way of Operation it mildly and sweetly draws forth all the good Virtues of the Fruit without force and violence and leaves the harsh bitter astringency of the Stones and Skins behind whereas pressing doth by its violence force forth the bitter harshness both of the Stones and Skins and is very hurtful as is clearly seen in Syder and Wine for the Stones and Skins are of a harsh bitter astringent Nature and Operation for hard bruising and violent pressing of tender Fruits do not only extract and force forth the harshness of the Stones and Skins but it does as it were suffocate or dismay the fine lively spirituous qualities which your Sense of Tasting will tell you Taste the Fruit before it be bruised or pressed and then the Juice that proceedeth from them the Juice drawn out by our mouth is fine brisk and penetrating but the Juices pressed out are dull heavy and gross to the Palate and Stomach The same is manifest in the Juices pressed out of green Herbs for Example Take what sort or sorts of Sallad Herbs bruise them to mash then take them and dish them into a Sallad and they will be so gross dull heavy and fulsom to both Palate and Stomach but those same Herbs that are dished up into a Sallad which are not bruised will be moist pleasant and grateful Now here you see that this hard bruising and pressing hath as it were wholly destroyed the brisk lively Virtues and indeed all that is desirable or delightful both to the Senses as well as to the Stomach Note that the forementioned Drinks that are made of Water Herbs Fruit Sugar Treakle or Hony are best with cold Water as I have told you before especially in hot Countries for fiered Drinks are no Friends to Nature except wisely handled therefore the Natives of those Climates where they drink Water are not known to have the Stone and where their Foods are simple which all wise men ought to consider Lastly Note that all sorts of Syder would keep much better and be far wholsomer especially for ancient People and such are more or less subject to the Stone or Gravel if when it is new made you infused in part of it some bitter Herbs gathered and prepared as we have taught in our Way to Health viz. Wormwood Hops Cardis Centuary Sage Betiny Dandelion or the like for the bitter quality does naturally hold the sweet Body and Volatile Spirits as it were captive for Mars loves Venus also bitterness does mightily withstand and moderate the keen astringent hard harsh properties that they cannot advance nor devour the sweet mild qualities for this cause all bitter Herbs do preserve all sorts of Drinks and keep them from sharp hardness and astringency longer then otherwise they would Besides they are wholsom pleasant and healthful when People are used to them Also good store of such Herbs whose predominant quality stands in bitterness ought to be infused in all Drinks made of Sugar Mallas Treakle or Hony because such Liquors or Drinks tends to a sharp keneness sooner then Drinks made of Mault which our English and others ought to consider that inhabits the West-Indies and other hot Climates where they frequently make various sorts of Drinks with Sugar Mallas and Fruits and where also they are terribly afflicted with the Stone Gout and Gravel viz. which all or most Drinks made of Sugar or Mallas are apt to generate for the highest Sweets when firmented either in Liquors or in the Stomach quickly tends to the highest sharpness and keen harshness especially in some Constitutions if the sweet quality be not some degrees alaid or captivated by the bitter which do also moderate or withstand the astringent band Having had Experience and certain Knowledge of the Virtues of these Preparations I thought it my Duty to Communicate to the World for the benefit of such as shall please to make use of them and for such as scorn and deride them they shall though they slight my poor Advice injoy my Cordial Pity AN APPENDIX SHEWING The Natural Causes why Fruit-Trees do so frequently fail Bearing and Offering Expediments to make Orchards almost constantly fruitful With a new Experiment of preserving of Eggs sweet and good for several Months HAving in our other Writings occasionally discoursed of Syder and how advantagiously the same might be made especially to Farmers and poor Country People I shall here take leave to add a few Considerations touching Fruit-Trees 'T is certain that planting of Orchards as it is a thing of great Delight and but of little Labour and that most Natural and Agreeable unto the first Commandment of our Creator so it might be as Profitable an Imployment of Ground as any whatsoever The only thing I conceive that discourages many People is That Fruit-Trees especially old planted seldom brings any considerable Crop for if they bear full one year its odds but the next they miss nay often till the third and fourth year after they yield not any considerable quantity of Fruit the Reason of which is

poor hungry Gravel or hot Sandy Ground then you ought to Trench your Ground very deep and at the bottom to lay store of good black Mould or Earth mixed with Dung and then turn in the uppermost or surface of the Earth and carry away the undermost Gravel or Stony Earth for that is so hungry hot and lean that if it be mixed with the good Earth it will as it were eat out or destroy the good Virtues thereof but if you will not be at the trouble and charge of digging up and trenching all your Ground then digg large deep Holes and carry away the undermost Gravel Sand or Clay and supply the place with good Earth or Dung and Earth mixed together and then plant your Tree in it a proper depth viz so deep as your Tree did naturally grow for deeper is injurious to the Plant and when you have filled your Earth in about your Tree within a little then put a little good Dung round your Tree near the Surface and cover it with Earth which will keep the Roots of your Tree cool in the Summer and warm in the Winter It is also to be noted That if your Ground be hot and sandy then mix or manure your Trees with good Loom Dung and black Earth if gravelly hungry Ground then good Mold and Dung mixed together if cold clayie Ground then mix Chalk and Earth together which if this Order be observed it will mightily advance and cause your Trees not only to thrive but bear more and larger Fruit. It is also to be noted That the old Custom of opening the Earth and laying bear the Roots of Fruit-Trees in the Winter Season is an Error in Husbandry except there be immediately the old Earth taken away and the place thereof supplied with good fresh Earth or Earth and Dung well mixed such as Trees have never grown in as is mentioned before for that Earth that covers the Roots are their natural Cloathing which do secure them from the Injury of the Element keeping them warm in the Winter and cool and moist in the Summer the Earth being many Degrees warmer in the Winter then the common Air but in the Summer as many cooler therefore the uncovering of the Roots and exposing them for two or three Months to the cold pinching Airs viz. Frost Snow Rains and violent Winds must needs be unnatural and consequently prove prejudicial by weakning the inward Power and Salniteral Virtues of such Trees rendring them the more uncapable of bearing the following Summer Consult Nature and she will teach you the Truth of what we have here declared Will not all Gardeners when they dig up a small Tree as Goosberries Currans and the like if they cannot conveniently plant them presently cover the Root in Earth so deep as they did naturally grow which are inconsiderable Trees in comparison of large Fruit-Trees and most of them will as naturally grow as Weeds Note That the most natural and proper time for planting most or all Fruit-Trees is from the middle of October to the last of December for by early planting the Earth and the Roots do not only settle well together and unite but the Roots do draw and grow and thereby they are not only more forward then late planted Trees but also they will the better indure any hot dry Season that may happen the following Summer The same Time or Season is to be observed in pruning and cutting superfluous Branches the earlier in the year it is done the better for every Branch or Limb that is Cut off from the Body is a certain Wound and the Tree cannot recover that Injury till it has passed a Spring and Summer the Truth of this is demonstrated by their not bearing so plentifully the following Summer therefore the earlier they are pruned the more time they have to recover such Inconveniences and if you do Cut off any eminent Limb or Branch then you ought to take the same Composition of Earth you use in grafting which is generally done with good Loomy Earth mixed with a little Cow-dung tempered well then cover or plaister the cut Limb or Branch which will keep the Wound or Place warm and heal and preserve it from the Injury of a severe Winter as cold sharp pinching Airs Frost and Winds penetrating Rottenness and Rankness and other Distempers that often happens to such wounded Parts The like is to be understood of the laying of the Roots of Trees open as is mentioned before and exposing them bare faced to a severe Winter and Injury of the Elements as extream Cold Wet and Winds for under the Surface of the Earth the Natural heat is not only greater and stronger but more constant than the common Air in Winter Seasons which is varied and changed according as the Eye of the World increases or decreases and from what quarter of the Heavens the Wind blows which is further manifested by most or all Fountains and Springs which in Summer or hot Seasons the Waters proceeding out of the Earth at the Head thereof are many degrees colder than the common Air or the Waters of other Rivers that runs on the Surface of the Earth but in Winter or in cold Seasons at the Head of the same Springs or Fountains the Water thereof is as many degrees warmer then either the common Air or the Waters of Rivers that runs on the Source of the Earth for this cause in cold Seasons or in Winter we can see them send forth Fumes and Vapors which is chiefly occasioned by the Contrarieties of the two Qualities viz. Heat and Cold not but all or most Fountains Springs Rivers and other Waters and also the whole Earth do continually and at all times more or less breathe forth Fumes and Vapors the degree thereof is according to the Nature and Constitution of the Elements Season of the Year and Celestial Influences though these Vapors and Fumes which the Sun and Celestial Bodies do continually exhale cannot be seen but only when the Air is colder than the Earth which cold keen Air does immediately condense those Vapors that they become visible but when the Earth and Air are of an equal Temperature then you cannot see those Fumes no more than you can see your own Breath in a warm Season but you must not conclude that you do not breathe because you do not see it and it is as natural for the Earth and Water to breathe and send forth Fumes and Vapors as for Animals and they do arise and proceed from the Centeral Life of Nature and are the living Powers of the Elements for without Motion nothing could subsist neither could the Earth Waters or any of the Elements generate or bring forth any living Creatures if they had not this natural Motion there being a continual sympathetical Operation and Mixion of all Qualities and Elements But it is to be noted That some sorts of Grounds and Waters and also in some Seasons of the Year those Fumes and Vapors

principal point why it purges by Urine being generally drunk in a Morning fasting when the Stomach is free from Food and the Passages least obstructed then a Glass or two of any sort of Liquor or Drink will quickly run thorough a man and purge much more by Urine then at any other time of the day And I do affirm That if any one take Brandy or other good Spirits and in a Morning fasting drop sixty or seventy drops into a Glass of Ale and fast two or three hours after it and it shall purge by Urine and also quicken the Stomach and have as good Effects on the Scurvy as the best distilled Scurvy-Grass let it either be drawn off with Brandy or of its self And also the Mornings draught the good Dame teaches her Husband to drink viz. Ale and Brandy mixed together which will prove as beneficial The like is to be understood of other things called Medicines if once the Multitude cries them up tho' they be never so heterogene and improper they must do wonders but leaving them to their own Humours I shall proceed to teach you several good Drinks against the Stone and Gravel and other Diseases The best Drinks to prevent the Generation and Cure the Stone and Gravel are such Drinks which God and his Handmaid Nature have prepared to our hands and is ready every where to be had viz. good River water for the Stone and Gravel is hardly known in those Countreys where the Natives common Drink is Water for that of all others is the most friendly mild and cleansing But on the contrary all firmented spirituous Drinks let them be as wisely handled as they can nevertheless they heat the Blood and a little time does naturally cause them to tend towards heat sharpness and keneness which Qualities are great Enemies to the Human Nature and breaks the Harmony of the Humours especially in such that are apt in Constitution to generate Gravel or the Stone also such Drinks causes the Distempers called Heart-burnings Fevers and unnatural Heats throughout the whole Body therefore such as have a mind to preserve their Healths and be friends to their own Natures let them follow these Directions viz. Of Cold Gruel TAke one spoonful of good Oatmeal temper it with a little Water then take a quart of the same cold Water and brew the mixed Water and Oatmeal well together with the other quart in two Pots that are for that purpose and then it is done Remember that your Oatmeal must be ground The Oatmeal if good will mix or incorporate with the Water Of this sort you may drink a pint or a quart or more at a time This is a most excellent Drink to be drunk Mornings and at Meals or at any time of the day and season of the Year for all sorts of People both for the healthy and unhealthy especially in hot Seasons and for such who are subject to the Stone Gravel or any other Obstructions of the Passages and for young People the frequent and common use thereof does wonderfully strengthen the whole Body it is so friendly and homogeneal that it always quenches Thirst the best of any others by refreshing the Spirits bedewing the Body with a more pleasant and more natural moisture than either Beer Ale Syder or any other firmented Drinks It begets a natural cheerfulness extinguisheth all kinds of natural Flushings and Vapors that comes for want of a strong natural Health and large Passages It opens and frees the Stomach and Passages from gross Matter that obstruct the digestive Faculties and powerfully purges by Urine especially if a quart or two be drank in a Morning fasting It mightily assists Nature in all her Operations and it is not only profitable against the Stone and Gravel but also against griping pains of the Bowels helps Concoction disburthening the Stomach of superfluous Juices and cleanseth the Vessels which are generally stopt and furr'd by Intemperance and it does naturally prevent Fumes and Vapors by carrying the offending windy Matter into the Bowels causing it to pass with ease its proper way Also the common use thereof is an excellent Remedy against shortness of Breath or other ill habits of the Stomach and against all sharp windy Humors and Juices that falls into the Joints And nothing is a surer and more powerful Remedy against the Scurvy and Dropsie by opening the Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen begets Appetite to admiration cheers and comforts the Spirits and is in every repect friendly to Nature and assists her in all her Operations And whosoever shall accustom themselves to the frequent drinking of this cold Gruel shall find by experience greater benefit than I have here set down In all cold Seasons you may warm your Water as you commonly do Ale or Beer to that degree of heat which do rather better it then the contrary It is also to be noted that firmentation not only in Liquors but also in Herbs and Vegitations do destroy or transmute the opening mild friendly cleansing and purging qualities by which they become of another nature and operation for it changeth sweetness into the highest degree of keneness and sharpness opening the Body and set the Spirits at liberty or on the wing as is most manifest in Wort drawn from Mault which is of an opening purging quality but when firmented or worked and of ten or fourteen days old fit to drink then it is become another thing for firmentation hath changed or transmuted those soft mild opening friendly qualities into a brisk lively spiritual Property tending to heat sharpness and keeness The like is to be understood in the Infusion of all opening Herbs in Wort or the boyling them in Wort and firmenting them afterward therefore all sorts of opening Liquors and Infusions are most profitable against the Stone Gravel and Obstruction of the Uritors before they be firmented of all which our friendly cold Gruel hath the first place but for such that have been accustomed to Beer Ale Wine and Syder and are not willing to venter on our friendly Gruel ought to drink all their firmented Liquors new Ale a week Beer twelve or fourteen days and Syder and Wine new and if they will use any opening Seeds or Herbs then let them infuse them in a pint of your Beer Ale Syder or Wine one quarter of an hour before you drink and warm it a little so much as you do Ale or Beer when you drink it which is a commendable way far better then putting or infusing the Herbs or Seeds in the Barrel or working of them in the Wort. And you must remember that in all your Infusions that you use infuse but one Herb or Seed at a time make no mixtures least instead of advancing you quite destroy the natural and simple Operations of that from which you expect help for few men do understand the genuine Nature and Operation of two or three several Herbs or Seeds when mixed or infused together much less when