custom But if it be from the Stone it may be found by the Signs of the Stone If the occasion be custom it most commonly goes off in time of its own accord for they being ashamed of it restrain it But if the custom grow to a habit or if some Disease be joined with it it seldom leaves them as long as they live If it proceed from the Stone it cannot be cuâ—ed till the Stone is taken away If it proceed from an ill custom Children must be admonished to make Water often If it proceed from a cold and moist Intemperies such things must be used as alter it and the Flegmatic Humour must dried and carried off and the Nurses Diet must be hot and dry and she must eat with her Meat Sage Hyssop Marjoram Fennel and Savory The Child must not drink much and care must be taken that its Belly be kept open and the Region of the Bladder must be anointed with Oyl of Orris and the like or a Bath must be prepared of Sulphur Nitre and Oak-Leaves unless some Natural Sulphurous or Alom bath can be had and let the following Powder be given Take of an Hog or Boar's Bladder dried the Testicles of a Hare dried the Throat of a Cock dried each half an ounce of Accorns two Scruples of the Leaves of Catmint and Mâ—â—e each one Scruple make a Powder give a Scruple or half a dram in the Water of Oak-Leaves Chap. XXXIII Of the Galling of Children IT frequently happens that the Skin of the Hips and the parts there about in Children is fretted off which occasions pain and makes them restless It is caused by the Accimony of the Urine when the Linnen is not often changed for if they are kept clean and the Linnen often changed this seldom happens But those Children that have an Acridurine and are fat are most Obnoxious to it It is easily Cured but if it be let alone it occasions Ulcers in those parts therefore the Children must be often wa hed and cleansed with a Bath made of Mallows marsh Mallows Pellitory Roses and Bran and after the Bath the parts may be sprinkled or touched with a Rag filled with white Pompholix or a fine Powder may be made with Lytharge of Silver Roses Frankincense and Burnt-Alom or the part may be anointed with the Oyntment called Drapompholigos Chah XXXIV Of the Rickets THis Disease began about sixty Years ago in the West of England it seizes Children when they are about half an Year old The proportion of the parts is Irregular The Head is bigger than ordinary so is the Face the Wit is sharper than is usual in such an Age the Members are thin and wasted the Skin is loose the Bones are most commonly bowed and the Joynts knotted The Breast is narrow and sharp the Ribs are knotted and the Belly is big These things are observed outwardly As to the inward parts the Liver is larger than usual the Stomach and Bowels are larger than in those that are well the Mesentery is affected with Glanduls that are larger than ordinary the Lungs are stuff'd and swell'd and sometimes Purulent and often stick to the Pleura The Jugular Veins and the Carotide Arteries are sometimes larger then they should be All the parts are weak and unfit for motion and such Children will Play only sitting and do not care to stand And at length the Head cannot be sustained by the weak Neck Tho' this Disease is not commonly deadly yet the Symptoms growing to a height it sometimes degenerates into a Con sumption hectic Fever Dropsy of the Lungs or an Ascites and so at length is deadly The sooner it comes the worse it is if it be not Cured before Children are five Years old they are ever after very Sickly An Itch coming upon this Disease much conduces to the Cure As to the Cure we must begin with Purging because most commonly there is abundance of Flegmatick Humours heap'd up in the Belly and the Bowels are frequently afflicted with Scrophulous Tumours If the Belly be bound or the Bowels troubled with Wind or Gripes Glisters must be used frequently which must not be only Solutive but sometimes Alterative and Corroborative for instance Take of the Leaves of Mallows one handful of the Flowers of Melilot Camomile and Elder each one Pugil of the Seeds of Anise and Fennel bruised each half a dram boyl them in a sufficient quantity of new Goats-Milk to four five or six ounces of the strained Liquor add of brown Sugar and Syrup of Violets and Roses each one ounce make a Glister inject it warm a good while after Eating Corroborative Glisters may be make in the following manner Take of fresh Stone Horsâ—dung one ounce and an half of the Flowers of Rosemary and Sage each one Pugil of Juniper-berries two drams of the Seeds of Anise and Fennel each half a dram infuse them close and warm in a sufficient quantity of Whey In four ounces of the strained Liquor dissolve one ounce of brown Sugar and six drams of fresh Butter mingle them make a Glister There may be also added if it seem convenient six drams of Manna If the Stomach be burthened with vitious Humours and they tend upwards Vomits may be given But in the Prescription of them respect must be had to the tender Age and they should rather consist of Salt of Vitriol and the Wine of Squills than of stybeat Medicines for it is not safe to give these to Infants for fear of Convulsions Give of Wine or Oxyâ—el of Squills half an ounce or an ounce half an hour after give a large quantity of Posset drink and provoke Vomitting with the Finger and let it be repeated now and then Some days after Vomitting or if Vomittnig be not to be used gentle Purging must be instituted and repeated by intervals As Take of the Augustan Syrup or of Syrup of Succory with Rhubarb six drams or an ounce of Cream of Tartar ten or fifteen grains mingle them let them be taken early in the morning either by themselves or in a draught of Posset drink If the Sick be affected with Worms or the King's-Evil the following Bolus may be given by intervals Take of Mercurius Dulcis from six to ten grains Rosin of Jallup or Scammony two or four grains of the Chymical Oyl of Juniper one drop make a Powder which may be made into a Bolus with the Pap of a roasted Apple let it be taken early in the morning After gentle Purging if the Sick be of a Sanguine constitution Blood-letting is of use Issues are also very effectual in this Disease especially an Issue made betwixt the first and second Vertebra of the Neck Besides Purging and Chyrurgical Remedies Specific altering Medicines are to be used to which sometimes Diureticks and Diaphoreticks are to be added The Specific Remedies that are found most effectual to cure this Disease are either simple or compound Among Simples the following are most approved Wood of Gujacum and its Bark
generated upon a Tree and if it continue long and increase it hinders the speech and therefore ought to be timely remedied wherefore the tumour is to be removed by the application of Salt and Frankincense mixed or with powder of Sage mixed with honey of Roses and a drop or two of spirit of Vitriol Or Take of Cuttle bone Sal Gemma and Pepper each one dram of burnt spunge three drams make a powder wherewith rub the tumour or with the foregoing powder and honey make a Linement and anoint the tumour with it and apply under the chin a Plaister made with equal parts of Goose-dung and honey boyled in Wine to the consumption of the Wine CHAP. XIX Of a Catarrh Cough and Difficulty of breaking CAtarrhs arise in Children from their natural constitution and moist temper of their brains whereby many excrements are heapt up there for too great a quantity of milk burdening the stomach sends vapours to the head and sill the brain and Children being unaccustomed in the Womb too cold the extream coldness of the air or too much heat or much Cloaths upon their heads pour the matter upon the Nostrils Jaws or Lungs and if the excrementitious humours cannot be evacuated by the Nostrils they fall upon the Aspera Arteria and cause a Cough but if they fall upon the Bronchia of the Lungs they cause difficulty of breathing These Symptoms are easily discovered but whether the humour be cold or hot may be known in the following manner if the humour be hot the Catarrh is thin the Children often sneeze the face is florid and the jaws look red and a hot vapour exhales from their mouths and the Nurses perceive it when the Children suck If the humour be cold it is thick and the Children do not sneeze nor is there any redness in the face or jaws nor heat in their mouth But whether the difficulty of breathing arise from matter coming from the head or from phlcgmatick blood may be known as follows If it come from the head there is a Catarrh and also a Cough and in breathing a noise is perceived the air not passing freely through the obstructed Bronchia But if it be occasioned by a phlegmatick humour arising from the hypochonders there is no Catarrh nor Cough and the hypochonders appear inflated and tumid Catarrhs Coughs and difficulty of breathing are not to be neglected in Children for Coughs do not only occasion Watchings and frequent Vomitings but also ruptures and Catarrhs occasion suffocations and sometimes kill They are not easily cured because children cannot bear all sorts of Remedies and besides they do not know how to spit up the matter We must principally endeavour that the intempers which occasions the matter be rectified and the fluxion of the humour to the breast hindered But because children cannot take or bear many Medicines and nature it self without the help of Medicines does most commonly concoct the cause of the Catarrh and so stop it if a good diet be observed therefore great care must be taken that neither the Child or Nurse commit any errour in diet wherefore the Infants stomach must not be filled with milk or any other meat and the nurse must abstain from Acid Salt and acid things and all other things which send many vapours to the head and it is useful to give a Pectoral decoction to the nurse Take of figs and jujubs each number ten Sebestins number thirty raisins stoned ten drams Liquorish two drams Maiden Hair Hyssop and Violets each half an ounce boyl them in three pints of Fountain water to the Comsumption of a third part Care must be taken to keep the belly loose with honey Syrup of Roses Solutive Cassia Manna or with Glisters it is alâ— convenient to give a Spoonful of oyl of sweet Almonds fresh drawn and mixed with Sugar Candy for it loosens the belly and eases the cough or vomiting may be provoked by putting a finger in the childs mouth But you must take a special care to keep the belly loose if difficulty of breathing arise from an repletion of the stomach or Hypochondres then it is also proper to give flax-seed with honey and a little cummin-seed afterwards give the juice of Fennel with milk or Syrup of Jujubes and Maiden-Hair and if the matter be thick Syrup of Hyssop or an emulsion of sweet Almonds and Pine Nuts made in Scabious water or some other convenient water and sweetened with Sugar Candy or a Linctus may be made of the species Diaireos or Diatragacanth Frigid Penidiat Sugar and with Syrup of Jujubes or with honey oyl of sweet Almonds and the juice of Liquorish and Fennel But if the Catarrh be hot an emulsion of the four greater cold seeds may be prepared in mallow-Mallow-water and the species of Diatragacanth frigid may be added to it and to dry up the Matter of the Catarrh hot linnen stups sprinkled with red Roses and Frankincense may be applied outwardly and the Childrens feet may be washed with Beer wherein Cephalick Herbs have been boiled afterwards anoint the soles of the Feet with Deers-suet or the Oâ—l of Laurel And because the Catarrh sometimes falls upon the Jaws and Aspera Arteria because the Nostrils are stopt anoint them with Butter or with the Oil of Bitter or sweet Almonds often in a day Or Take of the Juice of Beets and Majoram each two drams of Chickweed half an ounce of Oyl of sweet Almonds one ounce mingle them and anoint the Nostrils therewith Or put up the Nostrils Butter to the bigness of a Pea or you may apply Marjoram to the Nostrils that sneezing may be provoked to evacuate through the Nostrils the matter which flows upon the Aspera Arteria To conclude some anoint the Breast with Butter Hens-fat or Oyl of Camomile and Oyl of Almonds to render Respiration more easie Chap. XX. Of the Hickops THe Hickops happen to Children by reason of the coruption of Meat in the Stomach or by the repletion of the stomach with Milk or because of the refrigeration of the stomach by external Air whereby the expulsive faculty of the stomach is so much offended and irritated to expel that which troubles it The Hickops for the most part are not dangerous in Children but if the câuse of it be so great as to be communicated to the rest of the Nerves and to occasion other Convulsions it is most commonly deâdly If the Hickops be occasioned by a corruption of the Meat it ought to be cast up by Vomitting to which end put your Finger in the Childs mouth or a feather dipt in Oyl afterwards strengthen the stomach with things that heat and lessen the Childs diet If the Hickops are occasioned by a corruption and fault of the Milk it must be amended with proper Remedies and the corrupted Milk must be carried off from the Childs stomach with syrup or Honey of Roses solutive and afterwards Conserve of Red Roses with Powder of Coral and Bole-armonick must be given
oyntment But some think that Quick-siâ—ver ought not to be used to tender Infants because it may occasion ill symptoms besides there are other more gentle Medicines that are sufficient to Cure this Disease CHAP. IX Of an Hydrocephalus and Inflation of the Head AN Hydrocephalus is a watery Tumor of the whole Head it sometimes seises grown persons of which Carolus Piso has two observations but it most freequently befalls Infants their heads being so soft as that they may be easily extended Some Children have had this Disease in the Womb but many have been afflicted with it after the birth Rhasis says he saw a Child whose head was so increased in length and breadth that the body was not able to bear it Pareus says he saw four such Children and cured them If the water be contained within the Skull it is much more difficult to cure than when without and is most commonly deadly The indication is to evacuat the waters and to dry them up This may be done by medicines applied to the Head Ears and Nostrils Take Snails in their Shells number Thirty of Marjoram and Mugwort each one handful and beat them and add to them one scruple of Camphor and half a dram of Saffron with oyl of Camomile make a Cataplasm and inject the following water into their Nostrils Take of Nutmegs Cloves and Cubebs each one scruple of common sweet smelling Flag and of the bark of Frankincense each half a Dram of the water of Marjoram three ounces mingle them Or with the balsom of Marjoram Cloves and Nutmegs Musk and Ambre the Nostrils may be anointed and hot Oyls may be injected into the Ears But if the water be not carried off in this manner within twenty days incision must be attempted and the brain must be opened and the water extracted but by degrees and by turns lest the Childs strength be too much djected and care must be taken that the cold air does not hurt the Brain Authors make mention of another Tumour in the head which they call inflation which is generated by wind contained under the skin of the head or membranes of the brain and so it distends the head and increases the bulk of it but wind alone without water can scarce be collected in so great a quantity in this cold part of the body as to make an inflamation here but if water be collected here it is not impossible but some of it may turn to wind and if so rarifying and discussing Medicines must be applyed to the head as Oyls of Rue and Camomile the Seed of Rue Anise and the like CHAP. X. Of a Siriasis THis disease is known by a heat in the forepart of the head and by the cavity in it by the hollowness of the Eyes redness of the Face dryness of the body want of Appetite and Sleep this disease is dangerous and most commonly deadly according to the opinion of the women and they suppose any disease will be so if this bone or the membrane subside and make a hollowness and indeed the Children so affected generally dye in three days and many apply the 50 th Aphorism of the 7 th Section of Hyppocrates to this disease quibus cerebrum sideratum est intra tres dies interiunt si vero hos superaverint sani fiunt Because there is a hot intemperies with matter it indicats refrigeration but the humour that flies to the part discussion But to prevent the flowing of more matter it is proper to purge which may be conveniently done by a Glister or by Syrup of Roses solutive or by Syrup of Violets Cooling things may be prepared of the juice of Lettice Gourds or Melons or a fresh Gourd may be cut in slices and applyed but you must take notice in the use of these things that they must be applied actually cold and when they grow hot they must be renewed but at the same time care must be taken that the brain which is but just under and only covered with skin and membranes be not hurt by the too great use of cooling things therefore it is safest to anoint the part with Oyl of Roses Or Take of oyl of Roses half an ounce Populeon Oyntment two Drams the white of one Egg of the emulsion of Poppy seeds made in rose water two drams mingle them When the fluxion is over and the inflamation is stopt things that discuss made of Cammomile Dill and the like must be used As Take of Camomile one ounce and an half of Dill half an on ounce the yelk of an Egg mingle them When the fluxion is over and the inflamation is stopt things that discuss made of Cammomile Dill and the like must be used As Take of oyl of Camomile one ounce and an half oyl of Dill half an ounce the yelk of one Egg mingle them Take of the tops of Dill half an handful of the Flowers of Camomile one Pugil boyl them in water add oyl of Camomile one ounce mingle them Or you may apply the waters of Camomile or Dill. The Nurse must observe a good diet whereby the heat of the Milk may be attemperated therefore let her use cooling diet as a Ptisan of barley an Emulsion of the greater cold Seeds Poppy Lettice Endive she must wholly abstain from wine and strong beer and she must either drink water or small-beer The Child must be kept in a cool air and the Nurse avoid all great commotions of the body and mind especially anger CHAP. XI Of Frights in Sleep TO come now to the symptoms of the animal faculty in the common sense and imagination two symptoms happen viz. Frights in sleep and great watchings and first as to frights in sleep they are nothing but sleep disturbed by terrible dreams according to Hippocrates parvis nuper natis puerulis accidunt pavo res inter dormiendum Tho Aristotle says that Children do not dream before they are four years old but experience teaches us otherwise for it appears plainly by their laughing and frights in sleep The cause of frights are impure vapours mingled with the animal Spirits that disturb them and represent to the imagination terrible Phantasms These vapours arise from the Stomach and are caused by ill concoction and therefore this disease chiefly happens to such Children as suck greedily and more than the Stomach can Concoct upon which account the milk corrupts and raises vapours to the brain that disturb the animal spirits and it is not absurd to think that these vapours are sent to the head by the veins as well as by the Oesophagus For as in the Night-Mare that is generated by a too great quantity of food affording blood filled with gross wind thick vapours ascend thro the vessels to the brain and occasion this disorder so if Infants fill their Stomach with too much food blood also full of gross vapours may be generated which being elevated to the brain occasion this disease These frights also happen in Fevers and in the
the Roots of Comfrey one ounce of the Leaves of Platain and Mullein each three handfuls of Red Roses one handful of Balaustines half an ounce boil them in Water for a Bath But if the Loosness proceeds from a cold cause and the Excrements are white give Syrup of Mastich or Syrup of Quinces mixed with Mint Water and outwardly apply Medicines made of Mint Wormwood Mastich or Cummin As Take of the Oyls of Nard Mastich Mint each half an onnce of the Powder of Coral half a dram of Oyl of Nutmeg by expression two scruples with a sufficient quantity of Wax make an Oyntment Or you may apply to the Belly Mint boiled in Wine or a crust of Bread moistened with Mint-Water or a Bag of Mint Wormwood and Red Roses Mastich Nutmeg and Cloves Chap. XXV Of Costiveness in Children IT often happens that Children are bound in their Bodies or go to Stool seldomer than they ought which happens by reason of a cold and dry Intemperies of the Bowels or because the Humours are viscid and flegmatick but this chiefly happens by a fault in the milk when the Mother and Nurses use a gross viscid and astringent Diet and drink too sparingly A hot Intemperies of the Liver Spleen or Reins may also occasion Costiveness or an obstruction of the Gall which should stimulate the Guts to excretion This Disease is manifest of it self but what is the cause of Costiveness or of going to stool seldom must be carefully considered If a natural dryness of the Guts is the cause the Belly is scarce ever orderly dischârged if gross and viscid Flegm is the cause the Excrements when they are evacuated are covered with it if any error in Diet of the Nurse or Mother be the cause it may be known by them If a hot and dry Intemperies of some neighbouring part be the cause it will be manifested by the signs of them if Choler which irritates the Guts to excretion does not flow to them the Excrecrements will not be tinctured but be white or of an Ash-colour and the colour of the Childs body will be yellow Those grown People whose Bellies are bound are sometimes very healthy Nature being accustomed to evacuate the liquid parts of the Excrements or to discuss them insensibly but it seldom happens that Children whose Bellies are bound are very healthy and it is best for Young People to have their Bellies open for when they are bound Vapours from the Excrements are cast upon the whole Body and gripes pains of the Head and other ill Symptoms are occasioned The cure of Costiveness in Children is to be performed two ways first by removing the Cause and then by loosning the Belly First we must endeavour that the cause of Costiveness be removed and if the temper of the Bowels be cold and dry Children must be frequently washed and when the Intemperies is cold you must use a Bath of hot Stomach-Herbs when it is dry you must use things that moisten as Mallows Marsh-mallows Pellitory of the Wall and Bears-breech If the Mother or Nurse have used meats which bind the Belly as Quinces Medlars Pears Beans or the like they must for the future abstain from all such things and instead of them they must use such things as molliâ—ie the Belly as Mallows Raisins Pruns and the like If the Infant be pretty big and eats as well as sucks it must abstain from all astringent things and use such things as loosen If viscid Flegm stick to the Guts and the Excrements are covered with it things that incide and cleanse must be used as Honey of Roses solutive or Syrup of Horehound or the like If any neighbouring part be hot and dry the Intemperies of it must be corrected with the Syrups of Violets or Succory or with a decoction of Barly or with an emulsion of the four greater cold Seeds and the like If the Choler does not pass from the Gall-Bladder to the Guts the obstructed passages must be opened with a decoction of the roots of Grass of Fennel Asparagus Maiden-hair and the like But we must not always wait till the Causes are taken away for the Belly must be seasonably loosned to prevent ill symptoms which may be done by external and internal Medicines Amongst Externals are Suppositories which may be made of Honey and Salt or with crude Honey put into a Rag or with Lard Soap or the root of Mallows besmeared with Butter Or Take Mouse-dung half a dram with Goats-suet make a Suppository But Nature must not be accustomed to the too frequent use of Suppositories for if so she will not ease the Belly unless she be provoked by them it is therefore better to use Glisters and other external things which may also remove the cause of the Disease and correct the dryness of the Guts or carry off the viscid Flegm according as their is occasion As. Take of common Oyl three or four ounces of brown Sugar two or three drams the Yolk of one Egg of Salt three grains make a Glister Or Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows half an ounce of Mallows and Pellitory of the Wall each half an handful of the Flowers of Camomile one pugil of the Seeds of Flax and Fenugreek each one dram boil them in Water In three five or six ounces of the strained liquor according to the age of the Child dissolve two or three drams or half an ounce of Cassia of common Oyl one ounce or one ounce and an half with the Yolk of one Egg â—ake a Glister Such things may be apâ—lied to the Navel as loosen the Belly â— Oyl of Sweet Almonds alone or with grain or two of Scammony or Colouintida or Butter or Hen-fat with ulls gall or with the Juice of Sowread Or Take of Aloes two drams of the Gall of Bull one dram of Scammony one â—ruple with a sufficient quantity of Butter â—ake an Oyntment fill a Walnut shell with â— and apply it to the Childs Navel And the whole Belly may be anointed with an emollient Oyntment As Take of fresh Butter and of Hens and â—ucks Grease each half an ounce of Oyls â—f Sweet-Almonds and of Flax each three â—rams of Calves Marrow of Oyntment â—f Marsh-Mallows each two drams with â— little Wax make an Oyntment Or Take of the Leaves of Mallows and Marsh-mallows each one handful of the â—eeds of Flax and Fenugreek each half an â—unce of Figs number six boil them in Water and pulp them through a Sive and add of Butter and of Hens-fat â—ach one ounce of Oyntment of Marsh-mallows half an ounce of Saffron one Scruple mix them make a Cataplasm to be applied to the Belly If you would have it loosen more forcibly you must add Aloes and other Purgers or you you may make a Cataplasm of fine Flower and Juice of Dwarf-Elder But you must take notice that these Cataplasms and other Purging medicines applied to the Belly must not touch the stomach To the Children that are pretty big you must