Sterrewurte in French Aspergoutte menue or Estoille in high Douch Megerkraut Scartenkraut and Sternkraut in base Almaigne Sterrecruyt †The Nature It doth refresh and coole and is almost of temperature like the Rose †The Vertues It is very good against the ouer much heate and burning of the stomake being layde to outwardly vpon the same And being greene stamped and layd to the botches or impostumes about the share or priuie members preuayleth much against the same It helpeth and swageth the rednesse and inflammation of the eyes and fundament or siege and the falling downe of the Arse gutte The blew of the floure dronken in water is good to be giuen to yong children against the Squinancie and the falling sicknesse Some men say that this herbe putteth away all tumors swellings of the siege share and fundament yea whan it is but onely carried about a man Of Pennywurte Chap. xxv †The Kyndes WE shall describe in this Chapter three sortes of Penniewurte or Cotyledon wherof two kindes were well knowen of the Auncients as they be also in many countries at this day The thirde bycause of a certayne similitude or likenesse that it hath with Pennywurte of the wall we do call water Pennywurte Cotyledon vera Wall Pennywurte Cotyledon altera Matthioli Thicke Pennywurte †The Description THe leafe of the first kind of Pennywurte is rounde and thicke much lyke to Iuie leaues but rounder somewhat bluntly indēted about with some hollownes or concauitie aboue a shorte stem vnderneath in the middell of the leafe The stalke is small and hollow aboute a spanne long with diuers littell long floures of a whitishe or incarnate colour The roote is white and rounde like an Olyue Cotyledon aquatica Water Pennywurte The second kinde hath brode thicke and somewhat rounde leaues spread abroade round about the stalke like to Syngreene or Houslike from the middell whereof springeth vp the tender stalke bearing small floures Water Pennywurte hath littell smothe leaues rounde and hollow aboue but not very much euen as it were a small shollow plate the stem is vnderneth in the middest of the leafe somewhat drawing to wardes the proportion of Wall Pennywurte but it is smaller smother and of a swarter colour and and somewhat deeper natched or dented but yet bluntly also The floures be very small and white and grow beneth or also vnder the leaues The rootes be smal and hearie creeping and putting forth vpon euery side many smal yong leaues †The Place Pennywurte as Plinie saith groweth in stonie places neare the Sea but it groweth not in many coūtreys except it be planted or set in gardens It groweth plētifully in some parts of England in Sommerset shyre about Welles Mountayne or Syngreene Pennywurte is a rare plante it groweth in some places of the Alpes and other mountaynes beyond the Sea Pennywurte of the water groweth plentifully in this countrey in low medowes and moyst valeys whereas water standeth in the winter †The Tyme Wall Pennywurte floureth in May Iune but Pennywurte of the water floureth in Iuly †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 In Latine Cotyledon and Vmbilicus veneris and Acetabulum And of Plinie Herba Coxendicum Iacobus de Manlijs in Luminari maiori calleth it Scatum Coeli Scatum cellus in Italian Ombilico di venere Cupertioule in Spanish Scudetes Coucillos Capadella Ombligo de venus in English great Pennywurte and wall Pennywurte in French Nombril de venus in base Almaigne Nauelcruyt The second is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Cymbalium Acetabulum alterum Vmbilieus veneris alter in base Almaigne Dat ander or dat tweede Nauelcruyt in English the second Pennywurte and Mountayne Pennywurte Pennywurte of the water is called in the shops of this countrey Vmbilicus Veneris Scatū coeli although it is not the right kinde as is beforesayd that base Almaignes do call it Penninckcruyt in English Sheepe killing Pennygrasse †The Nature The wall Pennywurte which is the right kinde is cold moyst the Pennywurte of the water is not without heate as may be perceiued by the taste †The Vertues The iuyce of Pennywurte of the wall is a singular remedy against all inflāmation and hoate tumors S. Anthonies fire kybed heeles to be annoynted therewithall and being applied to the stomacke it refressheth the same The leaues and roote eaten do breake the stone prouoke vrine are good against the Dropsie The second kinde is of vertue like to the great Syngreene or Houselike The vertue of the water Pennywurte or Pēny grasse is not yet knowen albeit the ignorant Apothecaries do dayly vse it in steed of that right Cotyledon wherein they do naught and commit manifest errour for the right Cotyledon is the great Pennywurte called of some Pennywurte of the wall bycause it groweth euer in old walles stonie places But this groweth in low groūds and Marisshes and is a hurtefull herbe vnto Sheepe Of Orpyne Chap. xxvi †The Description ORpyne hath a roūd grosse brittell stem set full of thicke leaues grosse full of sappe somwhat dented about the edges At the top of that stalke groweth many fayre purple floures of fasihion like the floures of S. Iohns wurte called in Greeke Hypericum The roote is white and very knobby or knottie There is a kinde of this herbe whose floures are white and also a thirde kinde whose floures are yellow the residue is agreable to the first †The Place Orpyne proueth wel in moyst shadowy places The people of the countrey delight much to set it in pots shelles on Midsomer Euē or vpō timber slattes or trēchers dawbed with Clay so to set or hang it vp in their houses where as it remayneth greene a long season and groweth if it be somtimes ouer sprinckled with water †The Tyme It floureth most commonly in August Crassula maior †The Names They do now call this herbe Crassula maior some call it Fabaria Faba crassa in English Orpyne Liblong or Liue lōg in French Orpin Chicotrin in high Douch Mundkraut Knabenkraut Fotzlwang and Fortzwein in base Almaigne Mondencruyt and Smeerwortele Eufrasia †The Degree or Nature Orpyne cooleth in the thirde degree †The Vertues Orpyne in operation vertue is like to Houselike or Syngreene Of Eyebright Chap. xxvij †The Description EYebright is a proper small low herbe not aboue a span long ful of branches couered with little blackish leaues dēted or snipt roūd about like a saw the floures be small and white sprincled poudered within with yellow and purple speckes The roote is littell small and hearie There is yet an other herbe whiche some do call Eyebright although it be not the right Eyebright it groweth to the heygth of a foote or more The stalkes be round parted into many collaterall or side braunches vpon whiche are littell small leaues long and narrow most commonly
yellow Lysimachus or golden Louse stryfe is colde dry and astringent The temperament of the redde and blew Lysimachia is not yet knowen ⧠The Vertues The iuyce of the leaues of the yellow Lysimachus stoppeth all fluxe of bloud and the Dysenteria or bloudy fluxe being eyther taken inwardly or otherwise applied outwardly The same stayeth the inordinate course of wemens floures being put with a pessarie of wool or cotton into the Matrix or secrete place of women The herbe brused put into the nose stoppeth the bleeding of the same and it doth ioyne togither and close vp all woundes and stoppeth the bloud being layde therevpon The perfume of this herbe dryed driueth away all Serpents venemous beasts and killeth flies and knattes †The Choyse Whan ye will vse Lysimachus for any griefe aforesayde ye shall take none other but of that kinde with the yellow floure which is the right Lysimachus for although the others haue now the selfe same name yet haue they not the same vertue and operation Of Mercury Chap. lij †The Kindes THere be two sortes of Mercury the garden and wilde Mercury the which againe are diuided into two other kindes a Male and Female differing onely but in seede †The Description THe male garden Mercury or the French Mercury hath tender stalkes ful of ioyntes branches vpon the which groweth blackish leaues somwhat long almost like the leaues of Parietory growing out from the ioynts frō whence also betwixt the leaues and the stem there cōmeth forth two little hearie bullets ioyned togither vpon one stem eche one conteyning in it selfe a small round seede The roote is tender and full of hearie strings The female is like to the male in stalkes leaues and growing and differeth but onely in the floures and seede for a great quantitie more of floures and seede do grow thicke togither like to a small cluster of grapes at the first bearing a white floure and afterwarde the seede the whiche for the most parte is lost before it be ripe The wilde Mercury is somewhat like to the garden Mercury sauing that his stalke is tenderer smaller and not aboue a span long without any branches the leaues be greater and standing farder a sunder one frō an other The seede of the male is like to the seede of the male garden Mercury and the seede of the female is like the seede of the female garden Mercury The roote is with hearie strings like the roote of the garden Mercuries Mercurialis mas Phyllon Theophrasti French Mercury Mercurialis foemina Mercury female There is yet an other herbe founde called Noli me tangere the whiche also is reduced and brought vnder the kindes of Mercury It hath tender rounde knobbed stalkes with many hollow wings and large leaues like to the Mercury in stalke and leaues but much higher and greater the floures hang by small stemmes they are yellow broade and hollow before but narrow behind and croking like a tayle like the floures of Larkes spurre after the whiche there commeth foorth small long round huskes the whiche do open of them selues and the seede being ripe it spurteth and skippeth away as soone as it is touched One may well describe and place next the Mercuries but especially them of the garden the herbe whiche is called Phyllon bycause that some do thinke that Phyllon and Mercury are but one herbe but by this treatice they may know that they be diuers herbes Now therfore there be two sortes of Phyllon as Crateuas writeth the Male and the Female It hath three or foure stalkes or more the leaues be somewhat long and broade something like the leaues of the Olyue tree but somewhat larger and shorter All the herbe his stalkes and leaues is couered with a fine softe white wool or Cotton The seede of the female Phyllon groweth in fasshion like to the seede of the female Mercurie and the seede of the male groweth like to the male Mercurie Cynocrambe Wilde Mercury Phyllon Thelygonon Children Mercury †The Place The garden Mercurie groweth in vineyardes and gardens of potherbes The wilde groweth in hedges and Copses The fifth kinde groweth in deepe moyst vallies and if they be ones planted they come vp againe yearely afterward of their owne accorde or of their owne sowing Phyllon is founde growing thorough out all Languedock and Prouince ⧠The Tyme They floure in Iune and continue flouring all the Somer †The Names Garden Mercurie is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Theophrastus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine and in Shoppes Mercurialis in Italian Mercurella in Spanish Mercuriales in English Mercury and of some in French Mercury in high Douch Zamen Bingelkraut Kuwurtz and Mercurius kraut in base Almaigne Tam Bingelcruyt Mercuriael And that that hath the round seede is called Mas the Male. And the other is called the female Some do also take it for Wilde Mercury The wilde Mercury is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Canina brassica and Mercurialis syluestris in English wilde Mercury and Dogges Call in French Mercurialle sauuage Chou de Chien in high Douch wilde Bingelkraut and Hundszkol in Brabant wildt Bingelcruyt and witden Mercuriael The Noli me tangere was vnknowen of the Auncients wherefore it hath none other name in Greke or Latine They cal it in high Douch Springkraut in Brabant Springcruyt and Cruydeken en ruert my niet and for that cause men in these dayes do call it Noli me tangere that is to say touche me not Phyllon is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Phyllum The male is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 whiche may be Englished Barons Mercury or Phyllon or Boyes Mercury or Phyllō And the female is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and this kinde may be called in English Gyrles Phyllon or Mercury Daughters Phyllon or Mayden Mercury And we can giue it none other name as yet This is Dioscorides Phyllon but not Theophrastus Phyllon For Theophrastes Phyllon is nothing els but Dioscorides Mercury And for to be knowen from the Mercuries this Phyllon is also called Elaeophyllon Oliue Phyllon †The Nature The Mercuries are hoate and dry in the first degree as Auerroys saith †The Vertues Mercury boyled in water and dronken loseth the belly purgeth driueth forth colde phlegmes and hoate and cholerique humors also the water that is gathered togither in the bodies of such as haue the Dropsie For these purposes it may be vsed in meates and potages and they shall worke the same effect but not so strongly The same pound with Butter or any other greace and layde to the fundamēt prouoketh the stoole or siege The Barons Mercury or male Phyllon dronken causeth to engender male children and the Maydē Mercurie or gyrles Phyllon dronken causeth to engender Gyrles or Daughters Of Mony worte / or Herbe two pence Chap. liij †The Description MOnyworte hath small
the learned Ruellius Doctor in his time at Paris could not be made beleeue that this was the right Coronopus Wherefore for the same Ruellius sake who made a liuely description of this herbe we do now call it Coronopus Ruellij in base Almaigne Crayenuoet or Rauenuoet They call it at Paris Verrucaria in some places of England they call it Swynescressis We may also call it Ruellius Coronopus This strange herbe hath no name as yet knowen vnto vs sauing that the Herboristes of Languedock take it to be a kind of Scabious or for the Cornefloure called Cyanus in English blew Bottell A man may doubt whether this be not Dioscorides Coronopus bycause that Hartes horne should seeme to be a kind of Plantayne But bycause the Description of Coronopus is very short we are not able to assure you This may also be a kinde of Condrilla †The Nature Hartes Horne is colde and dry in temperature much like Plantayne The Swines Cresses or Ruellius Coronopus as it is euident by the taste is hoate and dry like to garden or towne Cressis but not all thing so hoate †The Vertues Hartes horne is in vertue like to Plantayne whereof it is a kinde and may be vsed in all things whereto Plantayne serueth Also it hath bene proued singuler against the pissing of bloud the grauell the stone to be taken in meates or otherwise If Swines Cressis or Ruellius Coronop be the true Coronopus than the roote thereof rosted in the imbres or hoate Asshes and eaten in meates is very good against the laske proceeding from the coldnesse of the stomacke whiche is the cause of slimie humors in the Guttes for whiche purpose the very sent and taste of the roote here described declareth the same to be very good bycause it is hoate and somewhat astringent Of Bloud strange / or Mouse tayle Chap. lxv †The Description MOuse tayle is a smal low herbe with smal leaues and very narrow emongst whiche springeth vp from the roote small stemmes garnisshed with very small whitish floures and afterward with little lōg torches much like to a Mouse or Rattes tayle like the seede or torches of Plantayne before it blooweth in whiche is conteyned very small and browne seede †The Place Mouse tayle groweth in good pastures and certayne medowes and sometimes also by high way sides †The Tyme It floureth in Aprill and the torches and seede is ripe in May shortly after the whole herbe perissheth so that in Iune ye shall not finde the dry or withered plante Myosouron †The Names It is called in English Mouse tayle Bloud strange in French Queue de souris and accordingly in Grecke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Cauda murina and Cauda muris in high Douch Tausent korn in base Almaigne Muyse steertkens This is not Holosteum neither Denticula Canis Ruellij as some do iudge †The Nature The leaues of this herbe do coole and differ not muche from the nature of Plantayne †The Vertues The operation and vertues of this herbe are not yet knowen howbeit as farreforth as men may iudge by the taste and sente thereof it is much like in facultie to Plantayne Of Water Plantayne Chap. lxvi †The Description WAter Plantayne is a fayre herbe with large greene leaues not muche vnlike the leaues of Plantayne with a stalke full of branches small white floures diuided into three partes and after them it bringeth forth tryangled huskes or buttons the roote is of threddy strings †The Place This herbe groweth about the borders and brinkes of diches and pondes somtimes also in riuers and brookes †The Tyme It floureth from Iune till August †The Names This herbe is now called in Latin Plātago aquatica in English water Plātayne in French Plantain deau in high Douche wasser Wegrich and Frochloefelkraut in base Almaigne water Wechbree †The Nature Some men write of this herbe that it is of temperament colde and dry †The Vertues Some lay store of the leaues of water Plantayne vpon the shanks or shinnes of such as haue the Dropsie supposing that the water in the belly shall by that meanes be drawen downe to the shinnes or shanks The learned men of our time do write that it hath the same vertues faculties as the other Plantayne wherof we haue alreadie written in the lxij Chapter Of Knotgrasse Chap. lxvij Plantago Aquatica †The Kyndes THere be two kindes of this herbe as Dioscorides writeth the Male and the Female the Male is called in Englishe Swynes grasse and knot grasse but the Female is called small Shaue-grasse †The Description KNot grasse hath many round weake slender branches full of knots and ioyntes and creeping alongst the grounde it hath long narrow leaues not much vnlike the leaues of Rew sauing that they be lōger The floures be small growing alongst the branches betwixt the leaues and the ioyntes of colour sometimes white sometimes purple or incarnate after them commeth a triangled seede like to sorrell seede The roote is round and reddish with many strings The second kinde whiche they call female Knot grasse hath three or foure vpright round and euen stemmes without branches full of ioyntes and much like to the stalkes and ioyntes of Hippuris or Horse tayle but not so rough and about the ioyntes groweth many small and narrow little leaues like to a Starre and not much vnlike the leaues of Rosemary The roote is white and runneth alongst the grounde putting forth many new shutes or springs Polygonum mas The male Knot grasse or Swines grasse Polygonum foemina Female Knot grasse or small Shauegrasse Polygonum tertium The third Knot grasse †The Place The Male knot grasse groweth in fieldes about wayes and pathes and in streates The Female groweth in moyst places about the brinkes borders of rūning waters The third groweth about chāpion fields places not well husbanded especially in a moyst yeare †The Tyme The Male knot grasse the third kind do floure from after Iune vntill the end of Somer The female is found most commonly in Iuly August †The Names Knot grasse is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Sanguinaria Sanguinalis and Proserpinata The first kinde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Seminalis in Shoppes Centumnodia Corrigiola of some Sanguinaria Sanguinalis Proserpinaca in Italian Corrigiola in Spanish Corriola y cien nudos yerua in English male Knot grasse in French Renouée Corrigiole in high Douch Weggrasz and Wegtritt in base Almaigne Wechgras Verkens gras and Duysent knoop manneken The second is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Sanguinalis foemina in base Almaigne Duysentknoop wijfkē in English of Turner Medow shauegrasse and small Shauegrasse The thirde kinde is called in base Almaigne Knawel the whiche without doubte is a kinde of knot grasse albeit Dioscorides hath described but twoo kindes Neither do we take it to
playted or crested huskes other coddes or huskes whiche be somewhat long and round wherein the seede whiche is blacke is conteyned The roote is long and small †The Place These floures are planted in the gardens of this countrie †The Tyme They floure in Iune Iuly and August Lychnis satiua †The Names These kinde of floures are called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Lychnis coronaria and Lychnis satiua of some Athanatos and Acydonium of Plinie Iouis flos in English Rose Campion in French Oeillets Oeillets Dieu in high Douch Margenrosrlin Marien rosen and accordingly they are now called in Latine Rosa mariana in base Almaigne they are most commonly called Christus ooghen †The Nature The floures are hoate and dry ⧠The Vertues The seede with the floure or either of them alone dronken are good against the stinging of Scorpions Of wilde Campion Chap. x. †The Kindes THere be two sortes of these floures that is to say a white and a redde whereof the white kinde is the greater and of a larger grothe The redde is smaller and lesse ⧠The Description THe wilde white Campion hath a rough white stemme The leaues be white cottony much like to the leaues of Campions sauing that the stalkes be slenderer and the leaues narrower and not so white The floures growe out of a rough huske greater then the huske of the garden Rose Campion and the proportion of the floure is muche like to the same but more indented aboute the edges and without any sharpe poynted peake in the middell the floures being vanisshed there commeth after them rounde bollettes or pellets in whiche the seede is conteyned The roote is ordinarily of the length of a foote and halfe and as thicke as a finger Lychnis syluestris alba The white wilde Campion Lychnis syluestris purpurea The purple wilde Campion The redde wilde Campions are in all things like to the white sauing that they grow not so high and their roote is not so long but is for the moste parte shorter and hearie The floures be redde and in proportion like to the other †The Place These floures grow in vntilled groūdes in the borders of fieldes alongst the wayes some also vse to set them in gardens and it commeth to passe that by often setting they waxe very double †The Tyme They floure most commonly from May vntill the ende of Somer †The Names The wilde Campions are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Lychnis syluestris of some Tragonatum Hieracopodium or Lampada in the Shoppes of this countrie Saponaria howbeit this is not the right Saponaria in English wilde Campion or wilde rose Campion and of some Crowesope in high Douch Lydweyck wilde Margenroszlin and in some places widerstosz in Brabant Iennettekens †The Nature These floures with their plante are in temperament like to garden rose Campions †The Vertues The seede and floures with the whole herbe of the wilde Campions are very good against the stinging of Scorpions in somuch that their vertue is so great in this behalfe that this herbe onely throwen before the Scorpions taketh away their power to do harme The seede taken in quantitie of two Drammes purgeth downewarde the hoate and cholerique humors Of Cockle / or fielde Nigella Chap. xi ⧠The Description COckle or fielde Nigelweede hath straight slender hearie stemmes the leaues be also long narrow hearie grayish The floures be of a browne purple colour changing towardes red diuided into fiue small leaues not much varying from the proportion of the wilde Campions after the which there groweth rounde bolleyns or cups wherein is cōteyned plenty of seede of a broune or russet colour †The Place These floures grow in the fieldes amongst the Wheate Rye and Barley †The Tyme It floureth in May Iune and Iuly †The Names This floure is now called amongst the learned mē Githago or Nigellastrum or Pseudolanthium of some flos Micancalus as Ruellius writeth in English field Nigella or Cockle in high Douch Raden Groszraden and Kornrosz in Brabant Corenroosen and Negelbloemen in French Nielle Anthemon †The Temperament and Vertues The vertues temperament of this herbe are not yet knowē bicause it is not in vse sauing of certayne fonde people whiche do vse it in the steede of Yuray or Darnell or for the right Nigella to the great daunger and perill of the sicke people Of Blew Gottell / or Cornefloure Chap. xij ⧠The Description CYanus hath a crested stalke vpon the whiche growe narrowe sharpe poynted grayishe leaues whiche haue certayne natches or cuts about the edges sharpe corners like teeth About the toppe of the stalkes it beareth small round buttons whiche be rough scalie out of the whiche grow pleasant floures of fiue or sixe small iagged leaues most commonly blew especially the wilde kinde Sometimes also those that grow in gardens do beare grayish purple crimsen and white floures the whiche being vanisshed there groweth within the scalye huskes heades certayne long seede whiche is inclosed in a hearie downe or Cotton There is also in certayne gardens an other kynde of Cyanus whose floures be lyke to the aforesayde it hath greate broade leaues larger than the leaues of the garden Rose Campion the whiche bee also softe and woolly lyke the leaues of Mullen The floures of this hearbe are lyke to Cyanus Corne floure Cyanus maior Great Corne floure the other Cyanus floures both in his Scaly knopped buttons as also in his iagged or frenged leaues seede but a great deale larger and of colour blew in the middle turning somwhat towards redde or purple The roote is of long continuance and sendeth forth new stemmes and springs yearely †The Place Cyanus or Blew bottell groweth in the fieldes amongst the wheate but specially amongst Rie Those which haue the white and purple floures and the great Cyanus are sowen and planted in gardens ⧠The Tyme These floures do flowrish from May vntill August †The Names This floure is called of Plinie in Latine Flos Cyanus of some later wryters Baptisecula or Blaptisecula in Italian Fior Campesi in English of Turner Blewbottell and Blewblaw it may also be called Hurte Sicle and Cornefloure in French Aubifoines Bleuets Perceles and Blaucoles in high Douch Kornblumen in Brabant Corenbloemen and Roghbloemen The second kinde is called Cyanus maior and is counted of the learned for a kinde of Verbascum and therefore they call it Thryallis and Lychnitis in high Douch it is called Waldt kornblumen and in Brabant groote Corenbloemen we may also call it in English great Cornefloure and wilde Cornefloure †The Temperament Cyanus or Blewblaw is colde and dry †The Vertues This Cornefloure brused or pound is profitably layde vnto the rednesse the inflammation and running of the eyes or to any kinde of Phlegmon or hoate tumor about the eyes The distilled water of Cyanus cureth the rednesse and payne of the
sort is founde another smal kinde like vnto the aforesayd sauing that it is much lesse The fourth kinde called Rosa Solis hath reddishe leaues somewhat rounde hollowe rough with long stemmes almost fashioned lyke little spoones amongst the whiche commeth vp a short stalke crooked at the toppe and carrying little white flowers This herbe is of a very strange nature and maruelous for although that the Sonne do shine hoate and a long time thereon yet you shall finde it alwayes moyst and bedewed and the small heares thereof alwayes full of little droppes of water and the hoater the Sonne shineth vpon this herbe so muche the moystier it is and the more bedewed and for that cause it was called Ros Solis in Latine whiche is to say in Englishe The dewe of the Sonne or Sonnedewe 5. Lycopodium Woolfs Clawe 6. Muscus Marinus Coralin or Sea Mosse The sixth kinde of Mosse called Mosse of the Sea hath many smal stalkes harde and of a stony substance diuided into many ioyntes and many branches growe foorth togither from one hat or litle stony head by the whiche it is fastened vnto rockes 7. Muscus Marinus Theophrasti Fuci species Dioscoridis Slanke Wrake or Lauer. 8. Fuci marinispecies Wrake or Sea girdell The seuēth kind of Mosse wherof The ophrastus spreaketh is a plante without stalke or stemme hearing greene leaues crimpled full of wrinckles and broade not muche differing in fashion from the leaues of some Lettise but muche more wrinckled and drawen togither the whiche leaues come vp many togither growing vpon rockes The eight which is a kinde of Fucus Marinus hath long narrow leaues almost as narrow as a Leeke the roote is thicke ful of branches and rough heared taking holde vpon rockes †The Place The first kinde of Mosse groweth vpon trees especially there where as the grounde is nought Lungwurt groweth vpon Mossie trees in moyst sandie and shadowie places Golden Maydenheare or Goldylockes Polytrichon the Ros Solis and Woolfes clawe do growe in drie waterie Countries and also in feeldes that lye vnmanured or toyled and in some shadowy wooddes The Golden Polytrichon is very common The Sea Mosse groweth vpon stones and rockes in the Sea †The Names The first kind of these plantes is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Muscus of Serapio and in Shoppes Vsnea of Aetius Dorcadias in Frenche Mousse in high Douche Mosz in base Almaigne Mosch The best and most fittest for medicine is that whiche groweth vpon the Cedar tree and next to that is that whiche groweth vpon the Popler The seconde kinde is nowe called Pulmonaria in Latine in English Lungwort in high Douch Lungenkraut in base Almaigne Longencruyt in Frēch Herbe aux Poulmons The thirde is called in Douche Gulden Widdertodt in base Almaigne Gulden Wederdoot that is to say Golden Polytrichon of some Iung fraw hare Some thinke it to be Polytrichon Ipuleanum albeit there is but small similitude betwixt the one and the other for Apuleius his Polytrichon is the true Trichomanes of Dioscorides we may cal it in English Goldylockes Polytrichon in Frenche Polytrichon doré The fourth kinde is called in this Countrie Ros Solis in Frenche Rosee de Solcil in Douch Sondaw and of some Sindaw and Loopich truyt The fifth is called in high Douche Beerlap Gurtelkraut Seilkraut Harschar Teuffels clawen in Brabant Wolfs clawen and of some Wincruyt in some Shoppes Spica Celtica and is taken for the same of the vnlearned to the great detriment dammage and hurt of the sicke and diseased people What the Greeke or Latine name is I know not and therefore after the common name I do call it in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lycopodion that is Pes Lupi in Latine and Pied de Loup in Frenche in Englishe Woolfes clawe The sixth kind is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Muscus marinus that is to say Mosse of the Sea in Frenche Mousse Marine in Douche Zee Mosch in Shoppes it is called Corallina that is to say Herbe Corall and of the vnlearned Soldanella vnto whiche it beareth no kinde of lykenesse The seuenth is called also of Theophrastus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Muscus marinus that is to say Sea Mosse with the large leaues in Frenche Mousse marine a larges fueilles in Brabant Zee Mosch it is to be thought that this is the first kinde of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say Fucus or Alga whereof Dioscorides treateth in his fourth booke The eight is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Fucus and Alga this is the second kind of Fucus in Dioscorides the which Theophrastus nameth also in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say in Latine Porrum bycause the leaues are lyke vnto Leeke blades †The Nature The Mosse is drie and astringent or of a binding qualitie without any manyfest heate or colde Lungworte is lyke to the aforesayde sauing that it cooleth more Golden Maydenheare and Woolfes Clawe are drie and temperate in heate and colde The Ros Solis is hoate and drie almost in the fourth degree The Sea Mosse is colde drie and astringent †The Vertues The decoction of Mosse in water is good for women to washe them selues in whiche haue to muche of their naturall sicknesse and put into the nose it stayeth bleeding to conclude it is very well and profitably put into all oyntmentes and oyles that be astringent The Physitions of our time do muche commend this Pulmonaria or Lungwort for the diseases of the lunges especially for the inflammations and vicers of the same if it be made into powder and dronke with water They say also that the same boyled in wine and dronke stoppeth spitting of blood pissing of blood the flowers of women and the laske or fluxe of the belly The same made into powder and cast into woundes stoppeth the bleeding and cureth them Ros Solis brused with Salt and bounde vppon the fleshe or bare skinne maketh blisters and holes euen as Cantharides as you may proue by experience The common sort of people do esteeme this herbe but especially the yellow water distilled of the same to be a singuler and special remedie for such as begin to drie away or are fallen into consumptions and for them that are troubled with the disease called Asthma whiche is a straightnesse in drawing of breath or with any vlceration in their lunges thinking that it is very consolidatiue and that it hath a special vertue to strengthen and nourish the body but that whiche we haue recited before concerning the vertue of this herbe declareth sufficiently that their opinion is false Men vse not Golden Maydenheare nor Woolfes Clawe in medicine Sea Mosse is af a very astringent and preseruing qualitie Therefore men lay it to the beginning of hoate tunours or swellinges and vpon all kindes of gowtes that require refreshing or cooling The same also is very good agaynst wormes
or Codded Poppie Chap. lxxxiij And Hypocoum forte Papauer Corniculatum Horned Poppie yellow Poppie Papaueris corniculati alia species Horned Poppie an other kind †The Description THE Horned Poppie his leaues be very muche cut and clouen not much vnlyke the leaues of the other Poppie but more rough and heary lyke the leaues of Cornerose The stalkes be round somwhat rough also wherevpon growe yellow flowers made of foure leaues the whiche falling away they bring foorth long narrow huskes or coddes something crooked wherein the seede is conteyned The roote is great and thicke and abideth winter bringing foorth euery yere newe leaues and stemmes There is yet two other sortes of this Poppie as some men of good knowledge do testifie the whiche are very common in Spayne The one hath his leaues stalkes coddes altogither like to the aforesayd sauing that his flowers be not yellowe but shining red but for the rest the flower is agreable with the proportion of the yellow The seconde is lyke to the others sauing that it is muche lesse in leaues stalkes flowers and coddes And the flowers be neyther yellow nor red but of a faire blewe violet colour parted lykewise into foure leaues There is founde in some places of Fraunce a kinde of herbe very fayre the whiche may be very wel brought vnder this Chapter bycause it is lyke to the herbes described in the same First it hath large leaues finely iagged white lyke the leaues of Rue the whiche do partly lye vpon the grounde and partly are lifted vp from the earth amongst the which cōmeth vp a stalke or twayne set by certayne spaces with the lyke leaues but smaller and diuided towardes the toppe into other smal branches whiche bring foorth a yellowe flower with two leaues onely in the midle whereof ye may see a thing like to a little clipper the which is nothing els but the huske or codde and afterwarde it waxeth long hath within a reddish sede The roote is white and tender hauing a number of threddes Corniculati Papaueris peregrina species A strange codded Poppie †The Place Horned Poppie groweth of his owne kinde by the sea side in rough places as Dioscorides sayth in this Countrie the Herboristes do set and sowe it in their gardens The other two kindes are founde in Spayne by the Sea coaste amongst Corne and by the high wayes The thirde groweth about Monpellier amongst the wheate and Otes The fourth is founde in some places of Languedoc as neare about Vouer where as there is great store in the feeldes that are by the high wayes †The Tyme Horned Poppie flowreth in Iuly and August Hypecoum flowreth in April and the seede is rype in Iune †The Names This kinde of Poppie is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Papauer cornutum and of some Apothecaries that are ignorant Memitha wherevnto it is nothing lyke in Frenche Pauot cornu in high Douche Gehornter Magsamen and Geel Olmagen in base Almagne Geelen Huel in English Horned Poppie Some of the learned sort do thinke that this herbe is a kinde of Papauer Corniculatum that is to say Horned Poppie described by Dioscorides in his fourth booke Some woulde haue it Papauer spumeum described of the same Dioscorides in the same place But if it may be lawfull for me to giue a iudgement aswel as the rest it shal be neither of those herbes but rather that Hypecoum of Dioscorides named in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for all the signes and tokens do agree very well with the same †The Nature Horned Poppie is hoate and drie in the thirde degree If the fourth kinde be Hypecoum it shoulde be colde and drie in the thirde degree not muche differing from Poppie as Galen sayth †The Vertues The roote of Horned Poppie boyled in water vntil halfe be consumed pronoketh vrine vnstoppeth the liuer and it is giuen to drinke with great profite to such as make grosse and thicke vrine and to such as are diseased in the liuer and that haue any greefe in their raynes their lining or hanche The seede of this Poppie taken in quantitie of a spooneful looseth the belly very gently and purgeth fleme The leaues and flowers brused or pound and afterward layd to old sores and rotten vlcers clenseth them wel Of Maudrake / or Mandrage Chap. lxxxiiij †The Kyndes MAndrake as Dioscorides writeth is of two sortes that is to say The white and the blacke The white is called the male Mandrake the whiche is very well knowen The blacke is called the female Mandrage the whiche is not yet muche knowen †The Description THe white Mandrake hath great large leaues of a whitish greene colour thicke and playne spread vpon the ground not much differing from the leaues of Beetes amongst the whiche there commeth vp vpon short small and smooth stemmes fayre yellowe round apples and of a strong sauour but yet not vnpleasant The roote is great and white not muche vnlyke a Radishe roote diuided into two or three partes and sometimes growing one vpon another almost lyke the thighes and legges of a man The blacke or female Mandrake hath likewise no vpright stemme his leaues be in lyke manner spread abroade vppon the grounde narrower and smaller then the leaues of lettise of an vnpleasant smel or sauour The apples be pale in figure lyke the Sorbappel or Corme by halfe lesse then the apples of the Malemandrage The roote is blacke without and white within clouen beneth into two or three diuisions or cliftes folding one vpon another It is smaller then the roote of the male Mandragora mas The male Mandrake Mandragora foemina The female Mandrake ¶ The Place Mandrage growth willingly in darke and shadowie places It groweth not of him selfe in this Countrie but ye shall finde it in the gardens of some Herboristes the whiche do set it in the soune †The Tyme The Apples of Mandrage in this Countrie be ripe in August †The Names Mandrage is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Mandragoras of some Circaea and Antimalum and of Pythagoras also Anthropomorphos bycause that the rootes of this herbe are lyke to the lower partes of man The first kinde is called Mandragoras mas of some as Dioscorides saith Morion in Frenche Mandragore masle in high Douch Alraun mennlin in Neather Douchlande Mandragora manneken or Alruyn manneken in Englishe White Mandrake and Male Mandrage The other is called Mandragoras foemina of some Thridacias in Frenche Mandragore femelle in Almaigne Alraun weibling and Mandragora wijfken in Englishe Blacke Mandrake and Female Mandrage †The Nature The roote of Mandrake and especially the barke is colde and drie euen harde to the fourth degree the fruite is not so colde and it hath some moysture adioyning †The Vertues The iuyce drawen foorth of the rootes of fresh Mandrake dried and taken in a very small quantitie purgeth the belly vehemently from
with white but for the rest there is no great difference in these two herbes †The Description THree leaued grasse of the meddowe hath a rounde tender stalke and leaues somewhat rounde alwaies standing togither vpon a stemme the flowers do grow at the top of the branches or stemmes in tuftes or knoppes tuffed and set full of small flowers of a red purple colour lyke to a short tuffed eare the whiche flowers once vanished there commeth vp rounde seede inclosed in small huskes The roote is long and of a wooddy substance The Trefoyl with the white flowers is muche lyke to the aforesayde but that his stalkes are somwhat rough and hearie and the leaues be longer and narrower and in the middle of euery leafe is sometimes a white spotte or marke lyke to the new Moone The flower is white in all thinges els lyke to the other and groweth after the selfe same fashion †The Place These two kindes of Trefoyles doo growe in all places of this Countrie in medowes especially suche as stande somwhat high Trifolium pratense †The Tyme The three leaued grasse flowreth in May and Iune and sometimes all the Sommer ⧠The Names This kinde of Trefoyl is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Trifolium pratense in Frenche Treffle de pres or Triolet in high Douche Wisen klee and Fleyschblum in base Almaigne Claueren and Ghemeyn Claueren in English Medow Trefoyle or Common Trefoyle †The Nature The Trefoyl is colde and drie as one may easily know by the taste thereof †The Vertues Trefoyl with his flowers or by him selfe boyled in Meade or honied water or wine and dronken doth slake and swage the hoate burning and fretting of the bowels and inwarde partes Of the like vertue is the decoction therof made in water and powred into the body by glister The same decoction dronken in due time and season stoppeth the white flowers in women The flowers or leaues of Trefoyle sodde in Oyle and layd to in manner of a plaister doth ripe hoate inflammations and swellinges other like tumors and breaketh them yea sometimes they do scatter and dissolue them cleane Of sweete Trefoyl Chap. xxxvij †The Description SVeete Trefoyl hath a round holow stalke of two or three foote long or more full of bowes and branches The leaues do alwaies grow three and three togither euen as the common medow Trefoyl but somwhat longer iagged round about like a Sawe At the top of the branches grow flowers clustering togither in knoppes like the flowers of the medowe or common Trefoyl sauing that the tuftes or knappes are not so great as the knappes of the other after the fading of those flowers there come little huskes or sharpe poynted heades wherin the seede lyeth Al the herbe especially when it is in flower is of a very good smel or sauour the whiche as some say looseth his sent or smell seuen times a day recoucreth it againe as long as it is growing but being withered and dried it keepeth still his sauour the whiche is stronger in a moyst and cloudy darke season then when the wether is fayre and cleare †The Place In this Countrie men sowe the sweete Trefoyl in gardens where as it hath bene once sowen it groweth lightly euery yere of the seede which falléth In Maister Riches garden Lotus satiua or Vrbana †The Tyme This herbe flowreth in Iuly August during which time the sede is ripe †The Names This herbe is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Lotus vrbana Lotus saâ—…â—… Trifolium and now a dayes Trifolium odoratum in French Trefle odoriferant in high Douch Siben gezeyt and in base Almaigne Seuen getijde cruyt bycause that seuentymes a day it looseth his sweete sente and smell and recouereth it againe Turner calleth Lotus vrbana in English Garden or Sallet Clauer we may call it sweete Trefoyl or three leaued grasse †The Nature Sweete Trefoyl is temperate in heate and cold taking part of some litle drynesse †The Vertues The sweet Trefoyl doth swage ripe alcold swellings being laid therto The iuyce of the same taketh away the spot or white perle of the eyes called in Latine Argema The Oyle wherin the flowers of the sweet Trefoyl haue ben soked cureth all new woundes and burstinges as some affirme Of wilde Zotus Chap. xxxviij †The Kindes THere is commonly founde in this countrie two sortes of wilde Lotus or Trefoyl with yellow flowers one hauing Coddes and the other none Lotus syluestris Wild Trefoyl Yellow stone Clauer Lotus syluestris minor Petie Clauer or stone Trefoyl †The Description THe first kinde of wilde Lotus is a litle low herbe creeping alongst the grounde The leaues be somewhat lyke to the leaues of the common three leaued grasse or medow Trefoyl almost of an aishe colour The flowers be faire and yellow fashioned like to the flowers of peason but muche smaller the whiche decayed and fallen away there come vp three or foure round coddes standing togither one by another wherein is conteyned a round sede The roote is long reddish The seconde kinde hath rounde stalkes and very small The leaues be like to medow Trefoyl The flowers be yellow growing thicke togither in round knopped heades the which do chaunge into a rounde crooked blacke seede couered with a blacke huske or skinne The whiche seede groweth rounde about the knoppes orderly compassing the same ¶ The Place These two kindes of wilde Lotus or Trefoyl do grow in this Countrie in drie places alongst the feeldes and high wayes †The Tyme These Trefoyles are in flower from after the moneth of Iune al the rest of the Sommer and in the meane season they yeelde their seede †The Names These Trefoyles are nowe called Loti syluestres yet they be not the Lotus syluestris of Dioscorides the which groweth very high and hath seede lyke to Fenugreck The first kind is called in high Douch Wilden klee Steenklee Edelsteenklee Vogels wicken Vnser Frawen schuchlin in Frenche Trefle sauuage taulne in Brabant Steenclaueren and Geelsteenclaueren Wilde Claueren and of some Vogels Vitsen Some take it for a kinde of Melilotus and therefore it is called in Latine Melilotus syluestris or Melilotus Germanica in Englishe The wilde yellowe Lotus the Germaines Melilot or the wilde yellowe Trefoyl The second is called in Frenche Petit Trefle iaulne in high Douche Geelkâ—ee Kleiuer Steenkle and Geel wisen klee in base Almaigne Cleyn steenclaueren and Cleyn geel clauere This shoulde seeme to be a kind of Medica wherof we shall speake hereafter ⧠The Nature and Vertues These herbes are colde drie and astringent especially the first therfore they may be vsed aswell within the body as without in al greefes that require to be cooled and dried Of Melilot Chap. xxxir †The Kyndes THere is nowe founde two sortes of Melilot the one whiche is the right Melilot and the other whiche is
sowe it in their gardens †The Tyme This Parsely flowreth in Iuly and in August the seede is rype †The Names This Parsely is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Equapium and Olusatrum of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Smyrnium and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say Apium syluestre and of the later writers Petroselinum Alexandrinum in shoppes not without errour Petroselinum Macedonicum for it hath no similitude at all with the Parsely of Macedonie in Frenche Grand Persil or Grand Ache or Alexandre in high Douche Grosz Eppich or Grosz Epffich in base Almaigne Groote Eppe in English Alexanders ¶ The Nature This Parsely in temperament is hoate and drie like the others †The Vertues The seede of the great Parsely dronken alone or with honyed water bringeth to women their desyred sicknesse dissolueth windinesse and grypinges of the belly it warmeth the astonied members or limmes taken with colde and bruysing shiueringes or shakinges that come with extreame colde and is good against the strangurie The roote of the great Parsely breaketh and driueth foorth the stone causeth one to make water and is good against the paines of the raines and ache in the sides To conclude the seede of great Parsely is of lyke vertue to the seede of the garden Parsely and in all thinges better and more conuenient then the common Parsely seede Of wilde Parsely Chap. xlvi †The Description THE herbe which we in folowing the auncient Theophrastus do cal wilde Ache or Parsely hath large leaues al iagged cut and vittered muche lyke the leaues of the wilde Carrot but larger The stalkes be rounde and holow of foure or fiue foote long of a browne red colour next the grounde at the top of them growe spokie rundels or rounde tuffetes with white flowers after them commeth a flat rough seede not muche vnlyke the sede of Dyl but greater The roote is parted into two or three long rootes the whiche doo growe very seldome downewardes but most commonly are founde lying ouerthwarte and alongst here and there and are hoate and burning vpon the tongue The whole herbe both stalkes leaues is full of white sappe lyke to the Tithymales or Spurges the whiche commeth foorth when it is broken or pluckt ¶ The Place This herbe is founde in this Countrie in moyst places about pondes and alongst by diches neuerthelesse it is not very common †The Tyme The wilde Parsely flowreth in Iune and his seede is ripe in Iuly ⧠The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Apium syluestre that is to say Wilde Parsely in Frenche Persil or Ache sauuage in high Douche Wilder Eppich or Epffich in base Almaigne Wilde Eppe Of this herbe Theophrastus writeth in his vij booke the iiij Chap. saying that the wilde Parsely hath red stemmes And Dioscorides in his third booke the lxvij Chap. In some shops of this Countrie it is called Meum they vse the rootes of this Parsely in steede of Meum †The Nature The wilde Parsely and specially the roote thereof is hoate and drye in the thirde degree †The Vertues The roote of wilde Parsely holden in the mouth chewed appeaseth the rigour of the tooth ache and draweth abundance of humours froÌ„ the braine Apium syluestre Of water Parsly Chap. xlvij †The Kyndes THere is founde in this Countrie two kyndes of this herbe one great the other smal the which do differ but onely in figure and that is long of the diuersite of the places where as it groweth for the one is changed into the other wheÌ„ as it is remoued froÌ„ one place to another That is to say that which groweth alwayes in the water becommeth smal being planted vpon the lande or dâ—ie grounde and on the contrarie that whiche groweth vppon the drie land becommeth great being planted in the water so that to say the trueth these two herbes are but all one which doth not only happen to this herbe but also to diuers others that grow in the waters or moyst medowes †The Description THE great water Parsely hath round holow smooth brittel stalkes long leaues made fashioned of diuers little leaues standing directly one agaynst another and spread abrode like winges wherof each litle leafe by it selfe is playne and smooth and snipt about the edges lyke to a sawe At the top of the stalkes growe litle spokie rundels with white flowers The roote is ful of hearie threds it putteth foorth on the sides new springs al the herbe is of a stronger pleasanter sauour then any of the kindes of Parsely being brused rubbed betwixt the handes doth smell almost like Petrolium The lesser water Parsely in sent is lyke to the abouesayde his stalkes be lykewise holowe but smaller The leaues be not lyke to the greater but drawing neare to the leaues of Cheruill but yet more tenderer and more mangled pounsed or iagged the smal flowers be white and do also growe in litle round tuftes and shadowie or spokie circles growing thicke and neare throng togither The roote is ful of threddy stringes and doth lykewyse put foorth diuers newe springes or branches the whiche do stretche and spreade abroade vppon the grounde and cleaue fast to the grounde taking roote here and there Lauer Crateuae Great water Parsely Lauer minus Small water Parsely Iuncus adoratus †The Place The greater water Parsely groweth in diches and pondes The lesser groweth in moyst medowes that stande lowe and waterie not very farre from pooles and standing waters yet sometimes lykewise therein †The Tyme Water Parsely flowreth in Iune and Iuly †The Names The first herbe shoulde seeme to be a kind of that which is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Lauer and Sium in Frenche Berle in high Douche Wass Epffich in base Almaigne Water Eppe that is to say Ache or water Parsely Turner and Cooper do call it Sallade Parsely Yellow water cresses and Bell ragges The seconde is lykewise a kinde of Sium as namely that whiche is called Iuncus odoratus And yet it is not the vpright Iuncus for this is but named for a likenesse vnto it bycause that his stalkes be like rushes and it hath a pleasant smell †The Nature and Vertues Without doubt this herbe is of complexion hoate and drie and in vertue lyke to the other Sium Of Bastarde Parsley Chap. xlviij †The Description CAucalis is a hearie herbe somwhat rough not much vnlike Carrot The leaues be almost lyke the leaues of Coriander but disembred and parted into smaller iagges or frengis At the toppe of the branches growe shadowy bushes or spoke rundels with white flowers whose greatest blades or leaues are turned outwardes The seede is long and rough like Carrot seede but greater then Commin seede †The Place This herbe is founde in this Countrie in the Menze of Corne feeldes †The Tyme It flowreth in Iune and within short space after the
the blooddy flixe especially the Robbe or dried iuyce thereof The rob made with the iuyce of common Ribes and Sugar is very good for all the diseases abouesayde it stoppeth vomitinges and the vpbreakinges of the stomacke and is very good in hoate agues to be dronkē with a litle cold water or to be holden in the mouth against thirst The blacke Gooseberies are not vsed in Physicke Of Berberis Chap. xxi †The Description THE Barberie plante is a shrub or bushe of ten or twelue foote high or more bringing foorth many wooddish branches set with sharpe prickley thornes The leaues be of a whitish greene snipt round about the edges like a saw set with fine prickles of a sharpe sower tast therfore is vsed in sawces in steede of sorrel The flowers be smal of a pale yellowishe colour growing amongst the leaues vpon short clustering stems after the flowers there hang by the sayd stemmes litle long round beries red at the the first when they be ripe but when they be dry they are blackish in taste sower astringēt with a harde gray or blackishe kernel in the middle whiche is the seede The roote is harde and long diuided into many branches very yellow within as al the rest of the wood of this plant is of taste somewhat rough or sowre binding †The Place The Barberie bushe is founde in Brabant about the borders of wooddes and hedges It is also muche planted in gardens especially in the gardens of Herboristes †The Time The Barberie bushe putteth foorth newe leaues in April as the most part of other trees doth it flowreth in Maye and the fruite is ripe in September †The Names This plant is called in shops Berberis especially the fruit therof the which to them is best knowen the learned Matthiolus calleth this plant in Latine Crespinus in English Barberies the Barberie bushe or tree in Frenche Espine vinette in high Douche Paisselbeer Saurich Erbsel Versich in base Almaigne Sauseboom This is a kinde of Amyrberis that is to say Oxyacantha in Auicen and Serapiō the which do set out two kindes of Amyrberis The one hauing a redde fruite the whiche Dioscorides calleth Oxyacantha is described hereafter in the xxxi Chap. the other with a long blackishe fruite and is counted for the best Amyrberis and is that whiche the later writers do call Berberis it is also very lyke to be the Oxyacantha described by Galen lib. 2. de Alimentor facultat amongst those kindes of shrubbes or plantes whose young shutes and springes are good to be eaten ¶ The Nature The leaues and fruite of Barberies are of complexion colde and drie in the second degree somewhat of subtil partes Crespinus Matthioli ⧠The Vertues With the greene leaues of the Barberie bush they make sawce to eate with meates as they do with Sorrel the which doth refresh and prouoke appetite and is good for hoate people and them that are vexed with burning agues The fruite stoppeth the laske and all superfluous fluxes of women and al vnnaturall fluxe of blood The roote thereof stieped in lye maketh the heare yellow if it be often washed therewithall Of Acatia Chap. xxij †The Kyndes There be two sortes of Acatia the one growing in Egypt The other in the Countries of Pontus †The Description THE first kind of Acacia is a litle thornie tree or bushe with many branches set full of sharpe prickles amongst whiche do arise leaues parted into many other small leaues The flowers are white The seede is brode lyke Lupines inclosed in long coddes from out of whiche they drawe a iuyce or blacke liquor the whiche is called Acatia Matthiolus first figure of Acatia hath leaues like Asarabacca and beareth timber of twelue cubites long fit for buyldings especially of shippes some haue called it a thorne bycause all the tree is set full of prickles The seconde kinde is also a thornie plant set with long sharpe prickles and the leaues be almost lyke to the leaues of common Rue The fruite lykewise is inclosed in coddes as the fruite of the first kinde Acatia Aegyptia Acatia of Egypt Acatia altera Acatia of Pontus ¶ The Place The first Acatia groweth in diuers places of Egypt in the wildernesse or desertes The second groweth in Pontus and Cappadocia as Dioscorides writeth ¶ The Names This thornie tree or plante is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Acatia of Theophrastus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Spina The gumme cōming out of this tree is called in Shoppes Gummi Arabicum is wel knowen howbeit the liquor or iuyce of Acatia whiche is also called Acatia is vnknowen for in steede of Acatia they vse in shoppes the iuyce of Sloos or Snagges whiche is the fruite of blacke thornes called in base Almaigne Sleen and wrongly Acatia The other whereof we haue giuen the figure as of the seconde Acatia is taken of some learned men for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Aspalathus and not for Acatia Matthiolus setteth it foorth for the seconde kinde of Acatia called Acatia Pontica and Acatia altera †The Nature Acatia especially the iuyce therfore which the Ancientes vsed is dry in the thirde degree and colde in the first as Galen saith ⧠The Vertues The iuyce of Acatia stoppeth the laske the superfluous course of womens flowers and bringeth backe agayne staying and keeping in his natural place the matrix or mother that is loosed and fallen downe if the Acatia be dronken with red wine It is good to be layde to Serpigo whiche is a disease of the skinne called wilde fire and vpon inflammations and hoate tumours also it is good to be layde to the wheales or hoate blisters of the mouth It is also a very excellent medicine for the eyes to heale the inflammation blastinges and swelling out of the same to be applyed therevnto Acatia maketh the heare blacke if it be washed and often wet in the water wherein it hath bene soked The leaues and tender croppes of Acatia do setle and strengthen members out of ioynte if they be hathed or soked in the hoate bath or stue made with the broth thereof Of the Myrtel tree Chap. xxiij †The Kindes THere is nowe two sortes of Myrtell the one called the great or common Myrtell the other the fine or noble Myrtel †The Description THE great Myrtell is a small tree growing in this Countrie to the height of a man with many branches couered with blackish leaues in fashion and quantitie almost lyke the leaues of Periuincle amongst whiche leaues in a hoate season there is found in this Countrie faire white and pleasant flowers not much vnlike the flowers or blossoms of the Cherrie tree but somewhat smaller The small or noble Myrtel is a litle lowe plante in proportion and making not muche vnlike the other but much smaller The leaues be small narrowe smaller and straighter or narrower than the leaues of Boxe of colour
base Almaigne Slanghencruye it is called in English wilde Buglosse the lesser it may be also called Vipers herbe or Vipers Buglosse ⧠Theoccasion of the name Alcibiacum This herbe was called Alcibiacum Alcibiadion of one Alcibiades the first finder out of the vertues of this herbe apresent remedie against the bitings of Serpēts Foras the aūcient Nicander writeth Alcibiades being asleepe was hurtwith a Serpent wherefore whan he awoke and saw this hearbe he tooke of it unto his mouth and chewed it swalowing downe the iuyce thereof after that he layed the herbe being so chewed vpon the sore and was healed Others name it Echion Echidnion Viperina c. Whiche is asmuch to say as Vipers herbe which names haue bene giuen to this plante bycause it is very good against the bitings of Serpents and Vipers and bycause also his seede is like the head of an Adder or Viper Echion siue Alcibiacum †The Nature It is of the same nature that Buglosse is of but that it is somwhat hoater and more subtile †The Vertues The roote boyled in wine and dronke doth not onely helpe such as are hurt by Serpents but also after that a man hath taken it in manner aforesaide it will preserue him from being so hurte The like vertue hath the leaues seede It swageth the payne of the raynes or loynes Also being dronken with wine or otherwise it causeth plenty of milke in womens breastes Of Dogges tunge Chap. v. †The Description THe common Houndes tongue hath a harde rough browne stalke of two or three foote high the leaues be long much like the leaues of the great garden Buglosse but narower smaller and not rough but hauing a certaine fine horenesse vpon thē like veluet At the toppe of the braunches it beareth many floures of a darke purple colour The seede is flat and rough three or foure together like to a trueloue or foure leaued grasse the whiche do cleaue faste vnto garments whan they are ripe like vnto Aegrimonie and other rough seedes The roote is long thicke blacke withoutside †The Place It groweth almoste euery where in waste and vntilled places but specially in sandie coūtreys about pathes and high wayes ⧠The Tyme It floureth in Iune and his seede is ripe in Iuly †The Names It is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine and in Shoppes Cynoglossum Cynoglossa and Lingua canis whereof also the Italians call it Lingua de Cane the Spaniardes call it Lengua de perro in English Dogs tunge or Houndes tongue in Freuch Langue de chien in high Douch Hundszung in base Almaigne Houdtstonghe This is that second kinde of Cynoglossa whereof Plinie wrote in the eight chapter of the .xxv. Booke it should seeme also to be a kinde of Isatis syluestris whiche a man shall finde described in some examples of Dioscorides in the Chapter Isatis And of Aëtius in his .x. booke and .viij. Chapter Limonium Cynogloss os altera Plinij †The Nature Houndes tougue but specially his roote is colde and dry yea colder than the great garding Buglosse †The Vertues The roote of Houndes tongue is very good to heale woundes and it is with good successe layde to the disease called the wilde fyre whan it is pounde with Barley meale The water or wine wherein it hath bene boyled cureth old sores woundes and hoate inflammations and it is excellent against the Vlcers grieuances of the mouth For the same purpose they make an oyntment as followeth Firste they boyle the iuyce thereof with hony of Roses than whan it is well boyled they mingle Turpentine with it sturring it harde vntill all be well incorporate togither than they applie it to woundes The roote rosted in hoate imbers and layde to the fundament healeth the inwarde Hemerrhoydes Of Gorage Chap. vi †The Description BOrage hath rough prickely leaues broade large of a swart greene colour at the first comming vp bending or rather spreading themselues abroade flatte vpon the ground in proportion like to an Oxe tongue The sralke is rough and rude of the heigth of a foote half parting it selfe at the toppe into diuers small braunches bearing fayre pleasant floures in fashion like Starres of colour blew or Azure and sometimes white The seede is blacke and there is founde twoo or three togither in euery huske like as in the common Buglosse but it is smaller and blacker then Buglosse seede There is also an other kinde of Borage which indureth the winter like to the cōmon Buglosse and is like to the aforesaide Borage in proportion sent sauour and vertues but his floures be very small and like to the common Buglosse floures but smaller †The Place It groweth in all gardens and in sandie champion countreys †The Tyme It beginneth to floure in Iune and continueth flouring all the Somer †The Names The auncient Fathers called it in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Lingua bubula Libanium or Lingua bouis that is to say Langue de beuf ou vache in English Oxe tongue Plinie calleth it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 bycause it maketh men gladde and merie the Apothecaries name it Borago and accordingly it is called in Italion Borragine in Spanish Borraia Borraienes in English Borage in Frēch Bourroche or Bourrache in Highdouche Burretsch in base Almaigne Bernagie or Bornagie Buglossum verum †The Nature It is hoate and moyste †The Vertues Ye may finde this written of Borage that if the leaues or floures of Borage be put in wine and that wine dronken it wil cause men to be gladde and mery and driueth away all heauy sadnesse and dull Melancholie Borage boyled with honied water is very good against the roughnesse or hoarsenesse of the throte Dioscorides writeth that he hath heard say that if one pound Borage that hath but onely three braunches togither with his roote and seede and afterward a man giue the same to drinke to him that hath a Tertian ague cureth the same Also that of foure branches prepared after the same manner is good to be giuen to drinke against the feuer Quartayne Of Anthyllis Chap. vij †The Kindes ANthyllis as saith Dioscorides is of two sortes Whereof one may be called great Anthyllis and the other small Anthyllis Anthyllis prior Great Anthyllis Anthyllis altera Kali species Small Anthyllis †The Description 1 THe first Anthyllis in his stalke leaues is not much vnlike vnto Lentill sauing that it is whiter softer and sinaller The stalke is of a foote high white and softe with leaues spred broade white and softe also but smaller thicker then Lentill leaues the floures clustering togither at the toppe of the stalke of a yellow or pale colour The seede is in small huskes The roote is small and of wooddy substance The second is not much vnlike Chamaepythis It hath fiue or six small braūches or more creping or trayling alongst the ground thicke set with little small narrow
be Polygonon of Dioscorides but for one of the foure kindes of Polygonon whereof Plinie hath writen in the xxvij booke of his History †The Nature All these herbes are colde in the second degree and dry in the thirde astringent and making thicke †The Vertues The iuyce of knotgrasse dronke is good against the spitting of bloud the pissing of bloud and all other fluxe or issue of bloud and is good against vomiting and laskes The same dronken in wine helpeth against the biting of venemouse beasts It is also good against tertian feuers to be dronken an houre before the fit The leaues of knotgrasse boyled in wine or water and dronken stayeth all maner of laskes and fluxes of the belly The bloudy flixe and womens floures the spitting of bloud and all fluxe of bloud aswell as the iuyce The iuyce of knotgrasse put with a Pessarie into the naturall places of women stoppeth the floures and the inordinate course of the same and put into the Nose it stancheth the bleeding of the same poured into the eares it taketh away the payne of the same and dryeth vp the corrupt matter and filth of the same The same boyled in wine and Honie cureth the vlcers and inflammations of the priuie or secrete partes The greene leaues being layde too preuayle much against the great heate burning of the stomacke hoate swellings empostems the consuming burning of S. Anthonies fire and all greene or fresshe woundes Dioscorides also saith that Knotgrasse prouoketh vrine is good for such as pisse drop after droppe the whiche is founde true whan the vrine is hoate and sharpe The female Knotgrasse hath the same vertue as the male Knotgrasse as Dioscorides saith but not so strong And the third kinde also his vertues be much like to the Male knotgrasse Of Horse tayle / or Shauegrasse Chap. lxviij †The Kindes THere be twoo sortes of Horse tayle or Shauegrasse as Dioscorides and Plinie writeth †The Description WHan the great Shauegrasse or Horse tayle beginneth to spring it bringeth foorth rounde naked and hollow stemmes rough and full of ioyntes yea their roughnesse is such that Turners Cutelers other Artificers do vse them to polish make playne smoth their workes as the heftes of knyues Daggers c. At the top of those Asparagus shutes or stemmes groweth smal round and blacke knoppes or tuffets Afterwarde the stemmes do waxe browne and reddishe and bringe foorth rounde about euery knot or ioynte diuers little small slender and knottie russhes It mounteth so high that with his hanging russhes or small branches it is not much vnlyke to a Horse tayle The roote is white and hath ioyntes or knottes lyke the stalke or stemme Maioris Equiseti asparagus The. j. springs or shutes of Horsetayle or shauegrasse Equisetum minus Smal shauegrasse or Horsetayle Equiseti minoris flores The floures of smal Shauegrasse or Horsetayle The small Shauegrasse or Horse tayle is not much vnlike to the great It bringeth forth whan it beginneth to spring bare and naked stemmes that be also round hollow and knotty at the toppe or ende of those stemmes it hath as it were a spiked eare or knop of small white floures whiche perish incontinently Than springeth vp from the roote other shutes or branches full of knottes or ioyntes about the whiche also there groweth round knotty russhes like as in the great Horse tayle or Shauegrasse but not so great nor so rough but more softe and gentell so that they are nothing worth to polishe withall The roote is small blacke and slender †The Place The great Shauegrasse groweth in diches and pondes and very moyst places The small Horsetayle or Shauegrasse groweth in low shadowy places and also in dry sandie fieldes †The Tyme The naked stēmes of the great Horsetayle do spring vp in May. The shutes and blossoms of the small Horsetayle do spring in Aprill shortly after cōmeth vp the stemmes set full of small russhes †The Names These herbes are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Equisetū Equiseta Equiselis Equinalis and Salix Equina in Shoppes Cauda equina in Italiā Asprella Codo di cauallo prela in Spanish Cola de mula Rabo de mula in English Horse tayle and Shauegrasse in highe Douch Schaffthew in base Almaigne Peertsteert The greater kinde is called Equisetum maius of some Asprella in English great Shauegrasse and Horse tayle in high Douch grosz Schaffthew Roszschwātz Pferdtschwantz Roszwadel Kannenkraut in base Almaigne groot Peertsteert and Kannencruyt The small is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Equisetum minus aut alterum and Equitium And of some as Anthonius Musa writeth Sceuola in English smal Shauegrasse and of some Tadpipes in high Douch kleyn Schaffthew Katzenwedel Ratzenschwantz Katzen saghel in base Almaigne cleyn Peertsteert and Cattensteert Equisetum maius The great Shauegrasse or Horse tayle †The Nature These two Shauegrasses or Horse tayles are colde in the first degree and dry in the second astringent and drying without sharpnesse ⧠The Vertues The decoction of Horse tayle in wine or water dronken stoppeth all fluxe of bloud al other extraordinary fluxes especially the inordinate issue of floures it doth also cure the bloudy flixe and dangerous laske and all other kinde of laskes And for all the aforesayde entents it is a soueraigne remedie as Galen writeth The iuyce of this herbe dronken alone or with wine is of the same operation and effect Horse tayle or Shauegrasse being taken in manner aforesayde is most cōuenient and profitable for all vlcers sores and hurtes of the kidneys the bladder and bowels and against all burstings Horse tayle with his roote boyled is good against the Cough the difficultie and payne of fetching breath and against inwarde burstings as Dioscorides and Plinie writeth The iuyce thereof put into the Nose stancheth the bleeding of the same and with a Pessarie or Mother Subpository conueyed into the naturall places of women stoppeth the floures The same pounde and strowed vpon freshe and greene woundes ioyneth them togither and healeth them also it preserueth them from inflammation And so dothe the powder of the same herbe dryed and strowed vpon new and greene woundes Of white Roote / Solomons seale Chap. lxix ⧠The Kindes WHite roote or Salomons seale is of two sortes The one called the great or broade Seale of Salomon The other is the small and narrow Salomons seale Polygonatum latifolium Broade leaued white roote Polygonatum angustifolium Narrow leaued white roote †The Description THe great Salomons seale hath long roūd stalkes the leaues be long and greene larger longer softer then bay leaues betwixt the whiche leaues and the stalke vpon short stemmes hang pleasant white greene floures long and hollow three or foure togither so that euery stalke doth commonly bring forth moe floures than leaues The floures perisshed they turne into rounde bearies
the which be greene at the first and afterward blacke like Iuy beries or whortes The roote is long of the quantitie of ones fingar full of knobbes or ioyntes and of colour white with many hearie strings in taste at the first sweete but afterward somewhat sharpe and bitter The smal Salomons seale doth not much varie from the other sauing that his leaues be narrower do not grow alone or seuerally one by one but foure or fiue grow out of one knot or ioynte rounde about the stalke almost starre fashion The floures are greener and the fruyte is blacker than the other The roote is smaller and slenderer in all poynts els like to the aforesayde †The Place The great Salomons seale groweth in this country in dry wooddes standing vpon mountaynes The second also groweth in mountaynes and wooddes especially in Almaigne A man shall not lightly finde it in this countrey except in the gardens of such as haue pleasure in herbes †The Tyme They do both floure in May and Iune †The Names Salomons seale is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latin Polygonatum in Shoppes Sigillum Salomonis in Italian Frassinella in Spanish Fraxinella in English also Scala coeli White roote or white wurte in high Douch Weiszwurtz in French Signet de Salomon in base Almaigne Salomons seghel in the Tuscane tunge Frassinella †The Nature Salomons seale is of Nature hoate and dry abstersiue or clensing somewhat astringent †The Vertues The roote of Salomons seale pound doth close vp and heale the woundes wherevpon it is layde The same being freshe and new gathered to be pounde and layde vpon or if one be annoynted with the iuyce thereof it taketh away all spottes freckles blacke and blew markes that happen by beating falling or brusing whether it be in the face or in any other parte of the body This herbe neither yet his roote is good to be taken into the body as Galen writeth Of Fleaworte / or Fleabane Chap. lxx †The Description THe leaues of Fleebane be long narrow and hearie amongst whiche springe vp rounde and tender branches set ful of leaues like them aforesayde but smaller garnisshed at the top with little long round spikie knappes like eares with greenish floures or blossoms which do afterward change into a browne and shyning seede in proportion colour and quantitie like vnto Fleas †The Place This herbe groweth in fieldes and deserte places as Dioscorides saith In this countrey men sow it in gardens and wher as it hath bene once sowē it groweth continually afterwarde of his owne sowing or sheding of seede †The Tyme It floureth in Iuly and August and sometimes also the seede is ripe †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Psyllium and Herba Pulicaris in Shoppes Psyllium in Italian Psillio Psyllion in Spanish Zargatona in English Fleawurte and Fleabane in French Herbeaux poulces in high Douch Flohekraut in base Almaigne Vloycruyt †The Nature The seede of Psyllium or Fleaworte whiche is chiefly vsed in medicine is colde in the second degree and temperate in moysture and drynesse As Galen and Serapio writeth †The Vertues The seede of Fleabane boyled in water or stiped dronken purgeth downewardes Aduste and Cholerique humors by sides this it swageth payne and slaketh the inflammation and heate of the entrayles or bowels and is good agaynst hoate Feuers or burning Agues and all inwarde heates and against great drouth and thirst The same seede somewhat brused but not brokē parched at the fire is good against the bloudy flixe and vehement laske especially whan they proceede of taking strong and violent medicines The seede therof mengled with oyle of Roses vineger or water is good to be straked or applied vnto hoate griefes of the ioynts the apostems swellings behind the eares and other hoate swellings also it is good against head ache The same layde too with vineger is good against the going out of the Nauell and the bursting of yong children The water wherin the seede hath bene soked or stiped is good to be layd to the burning heate called S. Antonies fire and to all hoate swellings It is also good to be dropped into running eares and against the wormes in the same Some holde that if this herbe whiles it is yet greene be strowed in the house that Fleas will not come nor ingender where as it is layed †The Daunger Too much of Fleabane seede taken inwardly is very hurtfull to mans nature it engendreth coldnesse and stiffenesie through out the body with pensiue heauinesse of the harte so that such as haue dronken thereof do sometimes fall into great distresse †The Remedie Whan one hath taken too much of the seede of Fleabane so that he feeleth some noyance or harme aboue all things it shal be good for him to prouoke vomite with medicines conuenient to cast vp if it be possible that which hath bene before takē Afterward giue him to drinke of the best most sauoury old wine that may be gotten by it selfe or boyled with Wormewood or wine mengled with hony and a little lie or the Decoction of Dyll as Serapio writeth And bysides this ye may giue him all things that is good against the dangers that happen of eating greene Coliander Of certayne Herbes / that fleete or swimme vpon the water Chap. lxxj †The Kyndes THere be diuers sortes of herbes that growe in aboue water whereof the greatest parte shal be described in other places other Chapters so that in this present Chapter wee shall intreate but onely of foure or fiue sortes of them that grow vpon the water †The Description THe first and most notable of these kindes of floting herbes the whiche is called water spyke or most cōmonly Pōdeweede hath long roūd knotty branches The leaues grow vpō smal short stems are large great flat layde and carried vpon the water somewhat like to great Plantayne but a great deale smaller The floures grow at the toppe of the branches aboue the water vpon long purple spykie knoppes like to the eares or spikes of Bistorte the which being perished there commeth vp round knoppes wherein the seede is inclosed whiche is harde Potamogeiton Ponde weede Viola Palustris Water violet or Gyllofer The second kinde hath long small stemmes The leaues be long and iagged very small spred abroade vnderneth the water alwayes fiue or sixe standing directly one against an other as the leaues of Madder or Woodrow euery leafe like to Tansie or Yerrow leaues but smaller and more iagged than the leaues of Tansie and greater and broader then the leaues of Yerrow or Milfoyle but not so finely cut as Milfoyle It bringeth forth his floures vpon stalkes or stemmes growing aboue the water alwayes three or foure floures set one against an other parted into fiue leaues like to a little wheele or like stocke Gillofers or like the floures of common Buglosse of
frutefull medowes †The Tyme This leafe is founde with his littell tonge in Aprill and May the whole herbe vanissheth away in Iune †The Names Plinie as some learned men iudge calleth this herb Lingua Linguace and Lingulace it is now called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Lingua serpentis in some countries Lancea Christi and in other places Lucciola in English Adders tonge Serpents tonge in French Langue de serpent in highe Douch Naterzunglin in Brabāt On s Heeren speer cruyt and Natertonghesken †The Nature Adders tongue is dry in the third degree and of Nature very like Pyrola Ophioglosson ⧠The Vertues Adders tonge is also good very singuler to heale woundes both inward and outwarde it is also good against burstings or Ruptures to be prepared taken in like sorte as Pyrola The Decoction of the same made with water and dronken is good against hoate feuers the inflammations of the liuer and against all inwarde and outwarde heates The same incorporated or mengled with Swynes grease is good against burning and spreading sores or the disease called the wilde fire also against burnings and all hoate tumors and impostems Of Zunaria Chap. xciiij ⧠The Description THe small Lunarie also bringeth forth but one leafe iagged cut on both sides into fiue or sixe deepe cuttes or natches not much vnlike the leaues of the right Scolopendria but it is longer larger and greener Vpō the sayde leafe groweth a stem of a span long bearing at the top many smal seedes clustering together like grapes The roote is of threedy strings †The Place This herbe groweth vpon high dry and grasie moūtaines or hilles by dales heaths †The Tyme The small Lunarie is founde in May and Iune but afterward it vanisheth away †The Names This herbe is now called in Latine Lunaria Lunaria minor of some in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in English Lunarie or Moonewort in Frēch Petite Lunaire in high Douch Monkraut and klein Monkraut in base Almaigne Maencruyt cleyn Maencruyt The people of Sauoy do call it Tore or Taure †The Nature It is colde dry of temperature very like to Pyrola and Adders tonge Lunaria minor ⧠The Vertues This herb is also very good singuler to heale woūdes of vertue facultie like to Pyrola Serpents tonge very conuenient for all such griefes as they do serue vnto the Alchimistes also do make great accōpt of this herbe about their Science Of Thorow waxe / or Thorowleafe Chap. xcv †The Description THorowleafe hath a round slēder stalke ful of branches the branches passing or going thorow the leaues as if they had bene drawē thorough the leaues whiche be rounde bare tender at the top of the branches growe the floures as it were crownes amōgst small little leaues of a pale or faint yelow colour the which do afterwards chāge into a broune seede The roote is single white somwhat threddy †The Place This herbe groweth in many places of Germany and England in the Corne fieldes amongst the wheate rye They do also plant it in gardens Perfoliatum ⧠The Tyme It floureth in Iuly and August †The Names This herbe is now called in Latine Perfoliatum and Perfoliata in English Thorowwaxe and Thorowleafe in French Persefueille in high Douch Durchwachsz in base Almaigne Duerwas It is very doubtful whether this be Cacalia of Dioscorides †The Nature Thorowwaxe is of a dry complexion †The Vertues The decoctiō of Thorowwaxe boyled in water or wine healeth woundes and so doth the greene leaues brused and layde therevpon Thorowwaxe mengled with waxe or with some oyle or oyntment fitte to cure woundes healeth burstings or Harmes of yong Children being layde therevpon The same herbe whan it is yet greene brused and pounde with meale and wine and layde vpon the Nauels of yong Children keepeth vp the bowels drawing them into their naturall place and setleth them that fall too much downe and flaketh the same whan they are blasted vp and swollen And so doth the seede also made into pouder and layde too after the like manner Of Burnet / or Pimpinell Chap. xcvi †The Kyndes PImpinell is of two sortes the great and wilde and the small garden Pimpinell Pimpinella maior Wilde Burnet Sideritis altera Pimpinella minor Garden Burnet †The Description THe great wilde Pimpinell or Burnet hath long round stemmes two or three foote high vpon the whiche groweth leaues somewhat long dented round about and tied by long stemmes tenne or twelue leaues growing by a stemme standing displayed directly one against an other like vnto winges At the top of the stalkes are round knops or heads compact togither as it were of small purles or buttons the which at their opening bring forth small floures of a browne redde colour after them commeth a triangled seede The roote is long and thicke The small or garden Pimpinell is very much like vnto the wilde but it is in all points smaller and of sauour and smell more amiable or pleasant It hath softe and tender stalkes of a foote high or somewhat more set with a softe and fine heare or Cotton The leaues be like vnto the other sauing they be a great deale smaller greene aboue and blewishe vnderneath The floures be not so browne but of an incarnate or liuely redde with small yellow threedes hanging forth of the middest of them The roote is like to the other but a great deale smaller †The Place The wild or great Pimpinell groweth in dry medowes there is stoore of it found growing about Viluorde The small Pimpinell is commonly planted in the gardens of this countrey †The Tyme They do both floure in Iune and sometimes sooner and oftentimes vntill August †The Names Pimpinell is now called in Latine Pimpinella Bipennula Pampinula and of some Sanguisorba Solbastrella in Spanish Frexinna in English Burnet and Pimpinell in high Douch Kolbleskraut Hergotsbartlin Blutkraut and Megelkraut in base Almaigne Pimpinelle This herbe seemeth to be very well like to Sideritis altera of Dioscorides †The Nature Pimpinell is dry in the third degree and colde in the second astringent †The Vertues The decoction of Pimpinell dronken cureth the bloudy flixe the spitting of bloud the pissing of bloud and the naturall issue of women and all other fluxe of bloud The herbe and the seede made into pouder and dronke with wine or water wherein Iron hath bene often quenched doth the like and so doth the herbe alone being but onely holden in a mans hande as some haue writen The greene leaues brused and layde vpon woundes keepe them from inflammation and apostumation Moreouer they are good to be layde vpon phlegmons whiche are hoate tumors swellings and vlcers Pimpinell also is very good to heale woundes and is receyued in drinkes that be made for woundes to put away inflammation and to stanche bleeding to much The leaues of Pimpinell stiped in wine and
Sengreene and Knights yerrow / or Woundworte Chap. cj. †The Kindes VNder the title of Stratiotes that is to say Knights woundworte or Water yearrow Dioscorides describeth twoo herbes well knowen in this countrie The one called Crabbes clawe The other water Milfoyle or Yearrow Sedum aquatile Water Sengreene Stratiotes potamios Knights woundeworte †The Description THe first whiche is called Knights Woundworte or water Sengreene is a water herbe whiche fleeteth vpon the water not muche vnlike the great Sengreene before that he bringeth foorth his stalke but that it is greater The leaues be narrow of halfe a foote long hauing vpon each side sharpe teeth and prickley poyntes or indented Corners like to Bitter Aloes or Sea aygreene but muche smaller narrower and shorter The floures are vpon short stemmes and grow foorth by the sides of the leaues and are white and diuided into three with a certayne throm or hearie yellow in the middell and growe out of a clouen huske like to a Crabbes Clawe It hath none other roote sauing a very shorte stemme broade and thicke aboue and very small and tender vnderneath from whence springe vp the leaues by the sayde shorte stemme vnderneath the leaues growe long threedes like to very fine and small lutestrings here and there stretching themselues euen to the bottom of the water by the whiche it taketh holde and draweth sustenance from the grounde Certayne deceytfull and naughtie Rogues that would be taken for cunning Physitions with their Treacles Scammonie and Playsters do gather of the fine strings and hearie rootes aforesayde and put them into Phiols or Glasses full of water and set them openly in their shoppe windowes or standings to be seene of the people whereby they make the people to beleeue that that they be wormes whiche they haue caused men to auoyde with theyr pouders Sugar and Oyntments The second kinde called Knights Milfoyle bycause of the great multitude and number of leaues hath long small and narrow leaues deepely cut in vpon bothe sides like to the winge fethers of some smal byrdes For as the feathers of byrdes haue as it were a stemme or a certayne ribbe in the middell from whence there grow out vpon eache side long narrow barres plumes or fine heares euen so in like manner these small leaues haue also a ribbe or sinew in the middell from whence there growe out vpon bothe sides small and narrow leaues euery leafe like to the hearie barres or plumes of such smal feathers Amongst the sayde leaues groweth vp a stalke or stemme of a span long bearing leaues like to the aforesayde and at the top a fayre tufte bushe or nosegay of many small yellow floures like the common Yearrow or Milfoyle The roote is tender and threedy †The Place The first kinde groweth in this countrey in pondes and pooles is found in diuers diches that are neare to the Riuers of Eschauld and Dele in the countrey of Brabant The other groweth in very good and ranke medowes but a man shall finde it very seldome †The Tyme Water Sengreene floureth in May. The other in August †The Names The first is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Militaris and it may be well called Sedum aquatile in English Knights worte Knights woundeworte or Knightes water woundworte Knights Pondeworte and of some Knights water Sengreene in base Almaigne Crabbenclaw and after the Greeke Ruyters cruyt or water Ruyters cruyt The second is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Militaris millefolia in English Knights Milfoyle souldiers Yerrow and yellow knighten Yerrow in French Herbe militaire à millefueilles and Millefueille iaulne in base Almaigne Geel Geruwe †The Nature Knights woundeworte of the water is colde and dry The other with the thousand leaues called Knighten Mylfoile is dry and somewhat astringent †The Vertues The first Knights worte boyled in water and dronken stoppeth the pissing of bloud and cureth the woundes and vlcers of the kidneys and the vse of it is good against all inwarde woundes The leaues therof pounde and layde vpon greene woundes keepeth them from inflammation and apostumation or swelling The same layde too with vineger cureth the wilde fyre or S. Anthonies fire with other hoate tumors as Phlegmons c. The yellow Knights worte or Souldiers Milfoyle is singuler good against all kinde of olde and new vlcers it cureth Fistulas it stancheth bloud it soudereth bringeth togither and cureth woundes whether it be pounde or brused and so layde vpon or mixt with oyles oyntments and emplaysters that are made for such purposes Of Yarrow / or common Milfoyle Chap. cij ⧠The Description MIlfoyle hath round hollow stalkes of a foote and halfe long the leaues be long and very fine and deepely iagged vpon both sides euen harde vnto the middell ribbe or sinew very wel like to the smallest leaues of Coriander or Southrenwood The floures grow in fayre rounde tuffets or busshes at the toppe of the stalke and are most commonly all white sometimes also in this countrey of a purplish colour and as Dioscorides writeth sometimes all yellow the whiche as yet hath not bene seene in this countrie The roote is blacke and threedy †The Place Milfoyle groweth plentifully in this countrey about paths high wayes and the borders of fieldes †The Tyme It floureth from Iune to September †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Achillea and Achillea sideritis of Apuleius Myriophyllon Myriomorphos Chiliophyllon Stratioticon Heracleon Chrysitis Supercilium Veneris Acron syluaticum Militaris and of some Diodela in Shoppes at this present Millefolium in Italian Millefoglio in Spanishe Yerua Milloyas in English also Milfoyle Yerrow and Nose bleede in French Millefueille in high Douch Garben Schaffgrasz Schaffrip and Tausenblaet in base Almaigne Geruwe Achillea Some count Achillea to be that kinde of Tansie whiche we before in the tenth Chapter of this present booke haue named the small white Tansie as it is there declared †The occasion of the Name This herbe had his name Achillea of the noble and valiant knight Achilles whose valiant actes noble Historie were described by Homer The sayde Achilles vsed this herbe very much and it was firste taught him by the Centaure Chiron With this herbe Achilles cured the woundes and sores of Telephus the sonne of Hercules †The Nature Milfoyle is very dry and astringent †The Vertues The Decoction of Milfoyle dronken doth cure and stoppe the bloudy flixe and all other laskes The same dronken stoppeth all fluxes but especially the redde fluxe in women that floweth to abundantly It worketh the same effect being applied to the secrete partes or if one sitte or bathe in the decoction thereof The same brused and layde vpon woundes stoppeth the bloud and keepeth the same from inflammation and swelling and cureth the same Of Comfrey Chap. ciij. †The Description COmfrey hath rough hearie stalkes and long rough leaues much like the
or spikie tuftes in August and the seede is rype in September †The Names These pleasant tufts or floures are called of Plinie libro 21. Cap. 8. Amaranthus and of some late writers Flos Amoris and Amaranthus purpureus in Italian Fior vellino in English floure Gentill Floramor Purple veluet floure in French Passeuelours in high Douch Samatblumen Floramor and Dausent schoon in base Almaigne Flouweelbloemen †The Nature These floures are of complexion colde and dry †The Vertues Floure Gentill or Floramor boyled in wine and drōken stoppeth the laske and the blouddie flixe Of Daysies Chap. xix †The Kyndes THere are two kindes of Daysies the great and the small The small also is of two kindes whereof the one groweth in gardens the other groweth wilde †The Description The greate wilde Dasie hath grene leaues somwhat lōg dented roūd about the stem is round and set with like leaues groweth somtimes to the heigh of ij foot lōg at the top whereof it beareth fayre floures in the middell and set rounde aboute with a little border of small white leaues in manner of a pale not much vnlike the floures of the cōmon Camomill but much greater and without sauour Whā they perishe the littell smal white leaues fall downe the yellow in the middell which is the seede swelleth vp The small garden Dasie hath his leaues somewhat like to the abouesayde but they are smaller and not so much dented It sendeth foorth his floures from the roote vpon shorte small stemmes somewhat like the floures of the great Daysie sauing that the small leaues whiche in the great Daysie do compasse the yellow in the middle are so thicke sette or so double that a man shall perceiue very littell of the yellow in the middell or none at all And these floures are sometimes white somtimes very redde sometimes speckled or partie coloured of white and redde There growe also sometimes aboute the compasse of the sayde littell floures many more as it were small floures growing vpon small stemmes out of the knops or cuppes of the sayde floures The roote is white and threddy Bellis maior The great wild Daysie or Maudelynwurte Bellis minor hortensis The small garden Daysie The small wilde Daysie is like to the small garden Daysie in his leaues His littell floures do also spring vp from the roote vpon short stemmes they be also yellow in the middell and set aboute with little white leaues after the order of the great Daysie but they are a great deale smaller and without sauour as all the other sortes of Daysies be The roote is like to the roote of the small garden Daysie †The Place The great Daysie and the small wilde Daysie do grow in medowes and moyste pastures The fayre double garden Daysie is planted and set in gardens †The Tyme The great Daysie floureth most commonly in May. The small garden Daysie floureth from May all the Sommer long The small wilde Daysie floureth very timely in March and sometimes sooner and continueth flouring vntill Aprill and somewhat later †The Names These floures are called of Plinie in Latine Bellis and Bellius and now they are called in Latine Consolida minor and Herba Margarita of some Primula veris especially the small wilde Daysie in English Daysies in French Marguerites or Pasquettes in high Douch Maszlieben Massuselen and in some places Seitloszlin in Brabant Madelieuen and Kersouwen Bellis minor syluestris The small wilde Daysie †The Temperament These floures and herbes are of nature colde and moyst ⧠The Vertues and effects The decoction of the small Daysies with their leaues or boyled alone in water is good to be dronken against Agues the inflammatiō of the Liuer and all other inwarde partes The herbe taken in meates or potages doth loose the belly gentilly Mawdelenwurte or the herbie parte of the wilde Daysie is good against all burning vlcers and impostems and against the inflammation and running of the eyes being applied thereto The same layde vnto woundes keepeth the same from inflammation and impostumation Of Canterbury Belles / or Haskewurte Chap. xx ¶ The Kyndes THere be diuers herbes whiche haue floures like Belles whereof this Throtewurte or Haskewurte is a kinde of whiche we shall speake in this Chapter and it is also of three sortes that is to say the great and small and the creeping kinde ⧠The Description THe great Belfloure hath square rough hearie stalkes vpon whiche growe sharpe poynted leaues dented rounde aboute like to Nettell leaues the floures grow alongst the stalkes lyke Belles and like the floures of Rampions but farre greater and rough hearie within of colour sometimes white sometimes blew and sometimes Carnation or flesshe colour It beginneth to floure at the toppe of the stalke and so goeth florisshing downewarde The floures past the seede whiche is small and graye commeth vp in long knoppie huskes like the Rampion seede The roote is white much wrythen and interlaced Trachelium maius Great Haskewurte or Belfloure Trachelium minus The lesse Haskewurte or Belfloure Auicularia The small Belfloure in stalkes is like to the great sauing that it groweth not so high the leaues be somewhat long smaller whiter and not so deepely dented as the leaues of the greater Belfloure but very well like vnto Sage leaues The small Belles are violet and purple growing at the toppe of the stalke and clustering thicker then the floures of the great Belfloure The roote is slender and very threedy The third in his leaues stalkes is lyke to the first but his leaues be smaller and not so deepely cut The floures hang downewardes and grow almost harde by the stalke of a light violet colour in proportion and making like to the others The rootes most commonly are slender and crokedly creeping alongst the ground putting foorth new springs plantes in diuers places frō whiche groweth small long and thicke rootes not muche vnlike Rampions whereof both this and the former sortes are a certayne kinde There may be very well ioyned vnto these Belfloures the pleasant floures whiche are called at Paris Auicularia seing that they be somewhat lyke to the floures of Haskewurte or Belfloure The plante that beareth these floures groweth to the heigth of a hande breadth or twayne the stalkes are small and tender and set full of small leaues The floures growe at the toppe of the stalkes of a fayre purple colour almost fasshioned lyke a Bell or Cymball with a small white clapper in the middle They open after Sunne rysing and close agayne towardes Sunne sette and whan they be close they haue fyue crestes or playtes like the Belfloures or Couentrie Marians or wilde Rapes or lyke to Rampions and such other floures before theyr opening †The Place Both these Belfloures grow of their owne kinde in certayne dry meades and pastures and they be also planted in gardens The thirde is founde in diuers Champion places and sweete
pastures of Zealand And it is also planted in gardens where as it prospereth ouermuch for it doth so spread abroade and multiplie that it hurteth other herbes and cannot easily be weeded or ouercome Auicularia groweth in good ground in fields amongst wheate or where as wheate hath growen †The Tyme They floure most commonly in Iuly †The Names The Belflower is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and in Latine Trachelium Ceruicaria and Vuularia according to the Douch name in English they be called Belfloures and of some Canterbury Belles The Plante may be very wel called Haskewurte or Throtewurte in French Gantel'ee in high Douch Halszkraut in base Almaigne Halscruyt And they are like the kindes of Rampions as the Couentrie Marians violet or wilde Rape is whereof shall be written here vnder The thirde kinde is vnknowen in the Shoppes of this countrie The Herboristes of Fraunce do call it Auicularia the Brabanders call it Urouwen spiegel And I know none other name except it be the herbe that is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Onobrichis that is to say the braying or sounding againe of the Asse wherevnto it hath some small proportion or similitude †The Nature Belfloure is of a complexion colde and dry like to Rampion wherfore it may be vsed in meate as the Rampions †The Vertues The Belfloure boyled in water is soueraigne to cure the payne and inflammation of the necke and inside of the throte and it is good against all vlcerations of the mouth if one do gargle or wash his mouth therewithall Of Autumne Belfloures / or Calathian Violets Chap. xxj ⧠The Description AMongst all the kindes of Belfloures there is none more beutiful in colour then this it hath small straight knottie stemmes at euery knot or ioint it hath two leaues set directly one against an other whiche be long narrow by each side whereof as also at the top of the stalke groweth forth pleasant floures whiche be long hollow alwayes bending outwardes like to a small long bell with two or three small white threedes in the middle They are of a blew colour so cleare and excellent that they seeme to passe the azured skies Whan they are paste there cōmeth vp in the middle of the floure a round long huske full of long small seede Calathiana viola †The Place These pleasant floures grow in moyst medowes low vntilled groundes standing in frutefull soyles ⧠The Tyme They are in floure about the end of August and September †The Names Plinie calleth these floures in Latine Campanulae Autumnales Viola Autumnalis we may also cal them in English Autumne Belfloures Calathian violets or Autumne violets in high Douch they are called Lungen blume for the which cause Cordus calleth them Pneumonanthe and truly it seemeth to be a certayne kinde of Gentian in base Almaigne it is called blauw Leliekens and Duysent schoon †The Temperament and Vertues The temperament nature and propertie of these pleasant little floures are very like vnto Gentian as the bitter taste declareth Of Marians violet / or Couentrie Belles Chap. xxij †The Description THis braue pleasant floure hath his first leaues whiche grow next the ground long broade and somwhat hearie not much vnlike the leaues of wild rose Campions from the middest whereof springeth vp the second yeare after the sowing or planting one stalke or moe full of branches set with suche like leaues but somwhat smaller there grow vpon the sayde branches many fayre and pleasant hollow floures most commonly of a cleare purple colour and sometimes white in proportion very well like to the common Belfloure but much larger and rounder and not so deepely cut about the brimmes or edges the whiche also before their opening are folden togither as it were with fiue crested playtes or edges Whan they are past there cōmeth vp smal roūd buttons or huskes with fiue rough endes or tayles whiche be hollow short plyed or turned backe in all things else like to the knops or huskes of Rampion or the common Belfloure The seede is in the middle of the sayde knoppie huskes it is small broune coloured like a Chestnutte The roote is white and thicke and putteth forth by the sides diuers other rootes Viola Mariana †The Place These pleasant floures grow about Couentrie in England and are founde sowen in the gardens of Herboristes and are not yet very common ⧠The Tyme They floure from Iuly vntill September and afterwarde and notwithstanding though they seeme alwayes to floure yet they do also beare seede so that oftentimes as soone as this herbe beginneth to floure one may alwayes finde vpon the same buddes floures and ripe seede †The Names Men do now call these pleasant floures in Latine Violae Marianae that is to say in English Marianes violets we may also cal them Couentrie Rapes in base Almaigne Marietes of the old writers in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 In Latine Rapum syluestre Of this kind also are the Belfloures described afore in the xx Chapter of this Booke †The Nature These floures and their roote specially are colde and dry †The Vertues Their vertue is all one with the other Belfloures and may be vsed in like sorte They vse about Couētrie in England where as great store of these plantes do grow to eate their rootes in Salads as Pena writeth in his booke intituled Stirpium aduersaria noua Fol. 138. Of Blew belles Chap. xxiij †The Description THese floures whan their plant beginneth first to spring vp out of the ground haue small rounde leaues like to Marche violets amongst the whiche springeth vp a long high hollow stalke set with long narrow swartgreene leaues amongst the whiche also at the top of the stalke grow fayre Belles or hollow floures greater than the floures of Rampion of colour blew turning towardes purple most commonly but sometimes also they be white Whan they are fallen away the seede is founde in small bullets or huskes like Rampion seede The roote is small and threedie The whole plante is full of white sappe or iuyce like milke the whiche commeth foorth whan the herbe is broken or brused and tasteth like Rampions There is also a wild kinde of these floures the which is like to the aforesaid in growing leaues stalkes floures and seede Neuerthelesse it is a great deale and in all respects smaller and it yeeldeth a white iuyce also like the first There is also a certayne thirde kinde of this Blew belfloure muche greater than the first his stalkes be long and high his leaues be somewhat large and it hath very many floures growing alongst the stalkes as it were littell small Belles of a fayre blew colour and after them certayne hollow little huskes or Celles his roote at the first is long and slender but whan the plante waxeth olde the roote is full of knots and knobbes and diuided into sundry branches and finally this herbe is
commeth in their place round long knoppes or bolliens narrow at the toppe like to a small glasse or phiall The roote is white and of a spongie substance of the greatnesse of ones arme ful of knobbes and knottes with certayne great stringes hanging by it Nymphaea alba White water Lillie Nymphaea lutea Yellow water Lillie †The Place These floures do grow in Riuers and Pooles and other standing waters ⧠The Tyme Water Lillie floureth in Iune and sometimes sooner †The Names The first kinde of these floures is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Nymphaea of some Clauus Veneris and Papauer palustre of the Apothecaries Nenuphar in English White water Lillie Water Rose and white Nenuphar in Italian Nenuphar biancho in Spanish Adarguas del Rio Escudettes del Rio Figuos del Rio blanquos in French Nenuphar blanc or Blanc d'eaué in high Douch Seeblumen wasser Gilgen Wassermahen Horwurtz Horftang in Brabant Plompen and witte Plompen The second kinde is called in Latine Nymphaea lutea and Nenuphar citrinum in English Yellow Nenuphar or Water Lillie in Italian Nenuphar giallo in Spanish Figuos del Rio amarillos Golfan Amarillo in French Nenuphar iaulne or Iaulne d'eaué The floure thereof as Dioscorides wryteth is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Blephara †The Nature Both sortes of Nenuphar and specially the roote are in temperature colde and dry without any acrimonie or sharpnesse †The Vertues The roote or seede of the white water Lillie boyled in wine and dronkē is good for them that haue the laske the blouddie flixe and Tenaūne whiche is a desire to go often to the stoole and may do nothing The same roote boyled in white wine cureth the diseases of the Milte and Bladder The roote seede of the white water Lillie are very good agaynst Venus or fleshly desires if one drinke the Decoction thereof or vse the pouder of the saide seede and roote in meates for it dryeth vp the seede of generation and so causeth to liue in chastitie The same propertie is in the roote as Plinie writeth if it be brused and applied outwardly to the secrete partes The Conserue of the floures therof is also very good for all the aforesayd disseases moreouer it is good against hoate burning feuers the head ache it causeth sweete and quiet sleepe and putteth away all venereous dreames The roote thereof brused or stamped is good to be layde to the payne and inflammation of the stomacke and the bladder The same roote pounde with water taketh away all the spottes of the skin whan it is rubbed therewithall and being mengled with Tarre it cureth the naughtie scurffe of the head The roote of water Lillie being yet greene pound layde vpon woundes doth stanche the bloud as Theoplirastus writeth The roote of yellow water Lillie boyled in thicke redde wine and dronken stoppeth the inordinate course of the floures especially the white fluxe Of Chamomill Chap. xxix †The Kyndes CAmomill as Dioscorides and other of the Auncients haue written is of three sortes The one hath white floures The other hath yellow floures And the third whiche is the greatest of the three hath floures betwixt redde purple Yet at this time there be diuers other sortes found and first there be two sortes of Chamomill which are very sweete and of strōg sauour called Romaine Camomill The one hath white floures the other yellow and bysides these there be others whiche do for the moste parte growe in deserte places and therefore we haue named them Camomill of the Forest or wildernesse †The Description THe first kinde of Camomill hath diuers long rounde stalkes creeping alongst the grounde and taking roote in diuers places very seldome growing higher than ones hande It hath diuers small tender leaues very small cut or finely iagged The second kinde is much like vnto the first sauing his leaues be smaller his floures be nothing else but certayne yellow buttons like the middle of the floures of the other Camomill without any small leaues growing about it as ye may perceyue by the figure but otherwise it is like to the first Camomill Of the number of these two kindes there is yet an other which hath small yellow leaues growing rounde aboute the small yellow knoppes or buttons and are altogither like to the first in leaues sauour and fasshion sauing his floures be altogither yellow These two kindes of Camomil that is to say the white the yellow haue a very pleasant sauour like the smell of a Cytron whereof they firste tooke their name in Greeke Chamaemelum Chamaemelum leucanthemum White Romaine Camomill Chamaemelum chrysantemum Yellow Romaine Camomill The third kinde of Camomill which beareth red purple floures groweth higher than the two others is not yet knowen vnto vs except it be that floure whiche some call flos Adonis and other Anemone †The Place None of the sweete Romaine Camomils groweth in this countrie of their owne kindes but are planted in the gardens of some diligent Herboristes and are come hither as strangers †The Tyme These Camomils do floure in Iune Iuly sometimes also sooner They last all the winter and may very well abide the colde †The Names The Camomill is also called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Chamaemelum and as Apuleius writeth Benè olens at this day Camomilla in English Camomill in French Camomille in Douch Camille The first kind of sweete Camomill with the white floure is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Chamaemelum album in base Almaigne Roomsche Camille in English white Camomill in French Camomille blanche The second kinde of sweete smelling Camomill with the yellow floure is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Chrysanthemum and Chamaemelum luteum in English Yelow Camomill in French Camomille iaulne in Douch geele Roomsche Camille The third kinde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Eranthemum and Chamaemelum purpureum It may be called in English Purple Camomill in French Camomille à fleur purpurée in Douch Roode Camille †The Temperament The Camomill especially the white is hoate and dry in the first degree and hath power to dissolue make subtill But the Romaine Camomils are hoater and more drying †The Vertues The Decoction of the floures herbe and roote of Camomill being dronken causeth women to haue their termes driueth foorth of the belly the dead frute prouoketh vrine breaketh the stoone It is of the like vertue if one do bathe in a bath of the same Decoction The floures and herbe of Camomill boyled in wine and dronken driueth forth windinesse and cureth the cholicke that is to say the paine in the bowels and bellie Camomill taken in the same sorte doth purge beautifie those that haue an euill colour remayning after the Iaunders and cureth them that haue any greefe or impediment of the liuer Camomill pound with his floures
beareth a flower altogither of a pleasant yellow colour Bulbosa Iris. ⧠The Place The first kinde is founde in Englande The other twayne growe in Spayne and Portingale †The Tyme The flowers of these strange plantes doo shewe them selues commonly in Iune in base Almaigne where as they are scantly knowen or hardly founde sauing in the gardens of some diligent Herboristes †The Names This flower is called now in Latine Bulbosa Iris bycause it hath a Bulbus roote and a flower lyke Ireos But it seemeth to be Apuleius Bulbus called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Hieribulbus they call this plante in Spayne especially that with the yellowe flower Reilla Buen and we may call it Bulbus Ireos in English †The Nature and Vertues The nature of this kinde of Bulbus or flower with his vertues are not yet knowen bycause there is no experience made of it as yet Of the yellowe wilde Ireos / or Flower Deluce Chap. xli †The Description THe wild yellow Iris or flower Deluce hath long narrowe flagges or blades almost lyke to the right Iris or garden flagge but a great deale longer and narrower very lyke to the blade of a long and narrowe double edged sworde The stalkes be rounde smooth and holow at the toppe whereof groweth the yellowe flower with the three leaues hanging downewardes like to the gardē flower Deluce three mounting vpwardes but they are smaller thē the leaues that hāg downewardes Whē they are past there come vp thicke triangled coddes or huskes in which is conteyned large yellow seede The roote is thicke spreadeth here and there and sometimes it hath other small rootes hanging by it and many threddy strings of a fleshly colour within and of a rough astringent or binding taste ¶ The Place This wilde yellowe Iris groweth in moyst places and low medowes and in the borders and brinkes of Riuers pondes and lakes very common in England Flaunders other Countries Pseudoiris Lutea †The Tyme This flower Deluce or wilde Iris flowreth in May and Iune ¶ The Names The wilde yellow Iris is nowe called in Latine Pseudoiris Lutea and of some Syluestris Iris lutea it hath bene called in Shoppes Acoron and hath ben taken in medicine for the same not without great errour losse and danger of the sicke as it is of diuers learned men now very wel noted and for that cause it is also called Pseudoacorus that is to say false or bastarde Acorus in Douch Geel Schwertel geel wald Schwertel Drakenwurtz in base Almaigne Geel wilt Lisch and Boxe boonen in French Glayeul bastarde Flambe bastarde in Englishe the yellow wilde Iris the yellow flower Deluce Wilde flagges water flagges and Lauers or Leuers ¶ The Nature The yellowe bastarde Iris his roote is colde and drie in the thirde degree of astringent or binding facultie lyke to the rootes of Tormentill Bistorte †The Vertues The roote of yellowe flower Deluce or bastarde Iris boyled in water and bronken stoppeth the bloody flixe and other fluxes of the belly and stoppeth blood from whence so euer it floweth womens flowers in what sort soeuer it be taken yea if it be ministred but outwardly onely eyther in playsters or in bathes Of the white Lillie Chap. xlij †The Description THe white Lillie his leaues be long and broade and somewhat thicke or fat amongst the which springeth vp a straight stemme or stalke of three foote long or more set and garnished with leaues from the roote to the toppe which by litle and litle as they grow vp toward the top do waxe smaller smaller In the top of the sayd garnished stemme growe the pleasant beautiful white and sweete smelling Lillies diuided into sixe small long and narrowe leaues whiche haue in the outsyde of euery leafe a certayne strake or ribbe but within they are altogither of an excellent shynyng pure white colour bending somewhat backwardes at the top in the middle amongst these leaues ther hang vpō sixe very smal stems sixe smal yellow pointes or litle markes as it were tongues in the middle amongst these also there groweth another long vpright and triangled stemme thicker then the rest and lyke to the Clapper of a Bell. The roote is lyke to a great Onyon or rather a garlike head compacte and made of diuers cloues or kernelles ¶ The Place The white Lillies be very common not only in this Countrie but in all places els where in gardens Lilium Candidum c. †The Tyme This kinde of Lillies doth flower at the beginning of Iune or there about †The Names The white Lillie is called of the Grecians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the plante is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 It is called in Latine Lilium and Rosa lunonis in Shoppes Lilium album in Italian Giglio and Giglio biancho in Spanish Azucena in Douche Weisz Gilgen or weisz Lilgen in Frenche Lys blanc †The cause of the Name Constantine writeth this of the Lillie that when Iupiter had begotten Hercules vpon Alcumena and being desyrous to make him immortall he carryed him to sucke Iuno his wife whiles she was sleeping and when he perceiued the childe to haue suckt his fyll he drewe him from her breast by meanes whereof there fell great store of mylke from the breastes of Iuno the greatest parte whereof was spilt in heauen and fell vppon the Skies whereof the signe and marke remayneth at this day that is to say that white and milkie way that goeth through heauen from the North to the South called in Latine Via lactea The rest fell vpon the earth whereof sprang these Lillies in the floures whereof there remayneth the very whitenesse of the sayde milke and hereof it came to passe that this floure was called in Latine Iunonis rosa that is to say Iunos rose †The Nature The floures of the white Lillie are hoate and partely of a subtile substance The roote is dry in the first degree and hoate in the second †The Vertues The roote of the white Lillie sodde in honied water and dronken dryueth forth by the siege all corruption of bloud as Plinie sayeth The same rosted or pounde and well mengled with oyle of Roses doth soften the hardnesse of the Matrix prouoketh the monethly termes being layde therevpon The same pounde with Hony ioyneth togither sinewes that are cut consumeth or scoureth away the vlcers of the head called Achores and cureth all maner of naughtie scuruinesse aswell of the head as of the face and is good to be layde to all dislocations or places out of ioynt The roote of the white Lillie mengled with vineger or the leaues of Henbane or Barley meale cureth the tumors and impostems of the genitors The same boyled in vineger causeth the Cornes which be in the feete to fall of if it be kepte vpon the sayde Cornes as a playster by the space of three
may be vsed in steede of it Of Horminum / wilde Clarey / or Oculus Christi Chap. lxxx †The Kindes THere be two sortes of Horminum as Dioscorides writeth the garden and wilde Horminum Horminum satiuum Dubble Clarey Horminum syluestre Oculus Christi †The Description THe garden Horminum hath leaues in a maner rounde and somewhat ouerlayde with a softe Cotton almost like Horehounde The stalkes be square and hearie of the heigth of a foote bearing all aboue at the top fiue or sixe fayre small leaues of a blewish purple colour the leaues stand at euery ioynte one against an other amongst the whiche there commeth forth little huskes that bring forth purplish blew floures The which whan the seede beginneth to waxe ripe they turne towardes the grounde and hang downewardes hauing in them blacke seede and somewhat long the whiche whan it is a little while soked or steeped in any licour it waxeth clammy or slimie almost like to the kernelles of Quinces The wilde Horminum beareth great broade leaues gasht or natched roūd aboute The stalkes also be square and somewhat hearie but yet they be longer and bigger than the stalkes of the garden Horminum The floures be of a deepe blew colour and do also grow by certayne spaces aboute the stemme like to whorles or Crownettes out of little huskes whiche do also turne downewardes whan the seede is ripe the seede is of a dunne or blackishe colour round also slymie whan it is steeped or sooked The roote is of wooddie substance and blacke These twoo herbes haue no speciall sauour especially the garden kinde for the floures of the wilde kinde do sauour somewhat like to Clarey †The Place These two kindes are founde in this countrie sowen in the gardens of Herboristes ⧠The Tyme They yeelde their floures in Iune Iuly and August in the whiche season their seede is also ripe †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Horminum and Geminalis The first is called Horminum satiuum and Hortense The seconde Horminum syluestre they may be both called wilde Clarie some call thē dubble Clarey and some Oculi Christi †The Nature Horminum is of complexion hoate and dry ⧠The Vertues The seede of Horminum mengled with Hony driueth away the dimnesse of the sight and clarifieth the eyes The same seede with water stamped and tempered togither draweth out thornes and splinters and resolueth or scattereth all sortes of swellings being layde or applied thereto The same vertue hath the greene herbe whan it is stamped or brused and layde vpon The same seede dronken with wine stirreth vp bodely luste especially the seede of the wilde kinde which is of greater efficacie than the seede of garden Horminum Of Horehounde Chap. lxxxi †The Kyndes THere be foure kindes of Horehounde in fasshion one like to another The whiche for all that in Latine haue their particular or seuerall names The first kinde is our white Horehounde the seconde is the blacke stinking Horehounde The third is Stachys or field Horehounde The fourth is water or Marrishe Horehounde †The Description THe white Horehounde hath many square white hoare or hearie stalkes the leaues be rounde crompled hearie ayshe coloured and of no lothesome sauour The floures be white and growing forth of small sharpe and prickley huskes compassing the stalkes like in fasshion to a ringe or garlande in whiche prickley huskes after that the floure is vanisshed there is founde a rough seede The roote is blacke with many threddie strings The blacke Horehounde is somewhat like vnto the white The stalkes be also square and hearie but yet they be blacke or swarte The leaues be larger and longer than the leaues of white Horehounde dented or snipte rounde aboute the edges almost lyke vnto Nettell leaues they are blacke and of a strong vnpleasant sauour The floures are purple lyke to the dead Nettell growing in whorling knoppes rounde aboute the stalkes like to white Horehounde Marrubium White Horehounde Ballote Blacke Horehounde Stachys or wilde Horehounde hath a round stemme or stalke full of ioyntes couered with a fine white woolly downe or cotton the leaues do euer grow by coupples two and two at euery ioynte and are white and woolly almost like the leaues of white Horehounde sauing they be longer and whiter The floures grow like Crownets or garlandes compassing the stalke of yellow colour and sometimes purple The roote is harde and of a wooddy substance All this herbe differeth nothing in smell or sauour from white Horehounde Bysides these there is yet an other herbe called sweete smelling Horehoūd or sweete wilde Sage the whiche beareth square stalkes thicke and woollie The leaues be whitish and soft and somewhat dented rounde about but much longer larger and broader than the leaues of the other Horehoundes The floures be reddish growing about the stalkes like to whorles or garlādes The seede is blacke and rounde The roote is yellowish The water Horehounde is much like to blacke Horehounde aswell in his stalkes and prickle huskes as in his leaues and floures The leaues be also of a swarte greene colour but larger and more deepely indented and not very hearie but somewhat crompled and wrinckled like to the leaues of the Birche tree whan they begin to spring The floures be white and smaller than the floures of the other Horehoundes †The Place The white Horehound and the blacke do grow with vs in all rough and vnmanured places by walles hedges wayes and aboute the borders of fieldes The third groweth on the playnes of Almaigne and else where it is not to be founde in this countrie but in the gardens of Herborists The water Horehounde is found very plenteously growing in this coūtrie by diches and watercourses and in lowe moyst places †The Tyme All these herbes do moste commonly floure in Iuly The sauery Horehounde or wilde Sage doth floure in August †The Names The firste kinde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Marrubium in Shops Prassium in Italian Marrabio in Spanish Marruuios in English Horehounde and white Horehounde in French Marrubin and Marochemin also Marrube blanc in high Douche weisz Andorn Marobel Gottszvergisz and Andorn mennlin in base Almaigne Malroue Malruenie Witte Andoren and Andoren Manneken Stachys Mountayne Horehounde The second is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Marrubium nigrum Marrubiastrum in Shoppes Prassium faetidum in Italian Marrobio nero Marrobio fendo in Spanishe Marroios negros in English blacke Horehounde and stinking Horehounde of some blacke Archangell in French Marrubin noir Marrubin puant in high Douch schwartz Andorn and Andorn weiblin in base Almaigne stinckende and swerte Malruenie and Andoren or Andoren wijfken The thirde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and in Latine Stachys vnknowen in Shoppes it may be also called in English Stachys or wilde Horehounde in Frenche Saulge sanuage in high Douch rieckende Andorn fielde Andorn in base
but not so strong †The Vertues Masterworte is not onely good agaynst al Poyson but also it is singuler agaynst all corrupt and noughtie ayre and infection of the Pestilence if it be dronken with wine and the same roote pounde by it selfe or with his leaues doth dissolue and cure Pestilential Carboncles and Botches and suche other apostumations and swellinges being applyed therto The roote thereof dronken in wine cureth the extreme and rigorous fittes of olde feuers and the Dropsie and it prouoketh swet The same taken in manner aforesayde comforteth and strengtheneth the stomacke helpeth digestion restoreth the appetite and dissolueth the ventositie and blasting of the flankes and belly It helpeth greatly such as haue taken great squattes brusis or falles from aloft and are sore hurt and inwardly bursten for it cureth the hurtes and dissolueth and scattereth the blood that is astonyed and clotted or congeled within the body The same roote pounde with his leaues is very good to be layde to the bytinges of madde Dogges and to all the bytinges and stinginges of Serpentes and suche lyke venimous beastes The wilde Imperatoria or herbe Gerarde pounde and layde vppon suche members or partes of the body as are troubled and vexed with the gowte swageth the payne and taketh away the swelling And as it hath ben proued in sundrie places it cureth the Hemorrhoides if the fundement or siege be fomented or bathed with the decoction thereof Of Ferula Chap. cx ⧠The Description THE leaues of Ferula are great and large and spreade abroade and cut into very small threddes or heares lyke Fenell but a great deale bigger The stalke or stem is thicke ioyntie and very long in the toppes of the stalkes groweth great round spokie tuffetes bearing first yellowe flowres and afterward long broade and blacke seede almost as large as the seede of Melones or Pepones The roote is thicke and white and groweth deepe in the grounde or in the ioyntes or cliftes and Choppes of Cleeffes and Rockes There is also founde an other kinde of this Ferula but his leaues are not so smally cut and vnderneath they be white or of a grayshe colour but otherwyse they be as large as the other the seede is also lesse but in proportion lyke the other †The Place These Ferulas do growe in Grece and Italie and other hoate regions but they are strange in this Countrey and Flaunders Ferula †The Names The first is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Ferula The other is also a kinde of Ferula and is counted of some to be a certayne Ferulago The whiche of Theophrastus is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 †The Nature There is no peculier or special vse of these Ferulas sauing that the liquor or gummes that floweth out of them as Sagapenum Ammoniacum and Galbanum are vsed in medicine wherefore their nature and vertue shal be described in the Chapters folowing To the Reader COnsidering welbeloued Reader that we haue written in the Chapters going before of some herbes out of the whiche flowe very costly sappes or gummes geathered dried and preserued the which are greatly vsed in Medicines and Surgerie especially as the sappe of Panax the whiche is called Opopanax and the sappe of Laserpitium the whiche is named Laser whiche in farre Countries do flowe out of the same herbes and are brought into this Countrey into all partes of Christendome of whose strength and vertue we haue not written therefore haue we in the ende of this part for a conclusion finishing of the same written of the nature and vertue of the same gummes And not onely of the gummes flowing out of the herbes aboue rehearsed but also of gummes and sappes flowing out of herbes or thereof made the whiche commonly we finde at the Apothecaries and are vsed in Medicines although that the herbes bicause they are not knowen in Christendome are not writtē or spoken of by vs omitting the sappes and gummes whiche flowe out of wooddes and trees as Rosin Pitche Turpentine and suche lyke we wyll write of the historie of wooddes and trees And in the description of these gummes and sappes we wyll folowe the learning of the Auncientes as Dioscorides Galen Plinie c. Declaring their names as they are called by the sayd Auncientes in Greeke and in Latine by the whiche they are nowe at this time knowen to the Apothecaries like as we haue yet hitherto done and written in the historie of herbes Of Opopanax Chap. cxi OPopanax is the gumme or sappe of the first kinde of Panaces called Heracleoticum as Dioscorides writeth it floweth out of the roote and stalke of Panaces as they shal be hurt or cut and the sappe when it is yet fresh and first flowen out is white and when it is drie it is altogyther yellowe lyke that which is coloured with Saffron And the best of this sappe or gumme is that same whiche on the outsyde is yelowe and within whitish for that is yet fresh †The Names The gumme is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Opopanax and of the Apothecaries Opopanacum in Englishe Opopanax †The Nature Opopanax is hoate and drie in the thirde degree †The Vertues Opopanax is very good against the colde shiuerings and brusing of Agues the payne and griefe of the syde the gnawing griping payne of the bowelles or guttes the Strangurie and for them that are squatte or bruysed within by occasion of falling if it be dronken with Meade or Honied water And to be taken in the same manner or with wine it cureth the inwarde scuruinesse or hurt of the bladder Opopanax as Mesue writeth taken the waight of two drammes or lesse pourgeth by siege the flegme and colde tough clammie and slymie humours drawing the same from partes farre of as frō the head the sinewes ioyntes Moreouer it is very good against al colde diseases of the brayne and sinewes as the Crampe and Paulsie c. The same taken in the like manner and quantitie doth mundifie and scoure the breast and is good for Asthmatique people and for them that are troubled with the shortnesse of winde or breath and with an olde dangerous cough It cureth also the hardnesse and other mishappes of the melt or splene and Dropsie if it be tempered or fliped in muste and dronken Opopanax doth scatter soften resolue al hard cold swelling or tumours being stieped in vineger and applyed or layde therto It is good to be layde to the Sciatica whiche is the gowt in the hippe or huckle bone and it easeth the payne of the gowt of the legges and feete beyng layde therevpon with the substance or pulpe of dried Raysons The same mingled with Hony and put in vnder in manner of a Pessarie or mother suppositorie prouoketh the flowres driueth foorth the Secondine and dead fruite dispatcheth the ventositie of the Matrix or mother and cureth all hardnesse of the same Opopanax being layde
and Franckencense And they make thereof an Electuarie with Pepper Ginger and the leaues of Rue pounde togyther with hony the which is called Antidotum ex succo Cyreniaco the whiche is a singuler medicine against Feuer Quartaynes It is good against the bytinges of al venimous beastes and venimous shot of dartes and arrowes to be taken inwardly and applied outwardly vpon the woundes It is also very profitable layde to all woundes and bytinges of Dogges and other madde beastes and vpon the stinging Scorpions It quickeneth the sight and taketh away the hawe or webbe in the eyes at the first comming of the same if it be straked vpon them with hony Dioscorides saith that if it be put into the hollownesse of corrupt noughty teeth it taketh away the ache and payne of them but Plinie bringeth agaynst the same the experience of a certayne man who hauing tried the same for the extreame rigour anguishe he felt after that medicine threw him selfe downe headlong from aloft Neuerthelesse if it be wrapped with Frankencense in a fine linnen cloute and holden vpon the teeth it cureth the ache of the same or els the Decoction thereof with figges and hysope boyled togyther in water and holden or kept in the mouth Being layde to with hony it stayeth the vuula and cureth the Squinance if it be gargled with Hydromell or Mede and if it be gargled with vineger and kept in the mouth it will cause the Horseleaches or Loughleaches to fall of which happen to cleaue fast in the throote or wesande of any man It breaketh Pestilentiall Impostemes and Carboncles being layd thereto with Rue Niter hony after the same manner it taketh away Cornes when that they haue ben scarrified rounde about with a fine knife Being layd to with Copperous Verdigris it taketh away al superfluous outgrowinges of flesh and the Polypus growing in the Nosthrilles and all scuruie manginesse and layde to with vineger Pepper and wine it cureth the noughtie scurffe of the head and the falling of of heare If it be boyled in vineger with the pil of the Pomegarnet it taketh away al outgrowinges which chaunce in the fundement Against kybed heeles they first bathe the heeles or feete with wine than they annoynt the kybes with this gumme boyled in oyle The stinking gumme called Assa foetida is good for al purposes aforesayde howbeit it is not so good as the Laser of Cyrene yet it is very good to smell vnto or to be layd vpon the Nauell against the choking or rising vp of the mother They vse Benzoin in steede of Laser Cyrenaicum for all the purposes aforesayde that be attributed vnto sweete Laser †The Choyse The best Laser is that which is reddish cleare and bright and sauering like Myrrhe not greenish and of a good and pleasant smel the which being dissolued waxeth white Of Sagapenum Chap. cxiij SAgapenum the is sap or gumme of a kinde of Ferula or Kix like vnto Panax growing in Media altogyther vnprofitable sauing for that gumme or liquor that is drawen out of it And the best is that which as Mesue sayth doth melt by and by in the water and sauereth like garlike or betwixt Laser and Galbanum as Dioscorides saith whiche is sharpe and cleare of a yellowishe colour without and white within †The Names This gumme is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Sagapenum and Sagapeniū of Plinie Sacopenium of Galen 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is Sagapeni Succus They call it in shoppes Serapinum †The Nature Sagapenum is hoate in the thirde degree and drye in the seconde †The Vertues Sagapenum taken the waight of a dram purgeth by siege tough slymie humours and al grosse flegme and choler Also it is good against al olde cold diseases that are harde to cure it purgeth the brayne and is very good against all the diseases of the head and against the Apoplexie and Epilepsie To be taken in the same sorte it is good against Crampes Paulsies shrinkinges and paynes of the sinewes It is good against the shortnesse of breath the colde long and olde cough the paynes in the side and breast for it doth mundifie and clense the breast of al cold mentes or flegme It doth also cure the hardnesse stoppinges and windinesse of the melte or splene not onely taken inwardly but also to be applyed outwardly in oyntplaysters It is good against the shakinges and brusinges of olde and colde Feuers If Sagapenum be dronken with honyed water it prouoketh the flowers and deliuereth the dead Childe And to be taken with wine it is of great force against the bytinges and stinginges of all venimous beastes The sente or fauour of this gumme is very good against the strangling or vprising of the mother Sagapenum soked or stieped in vineger scattereth dissolueth and putteth cleane away all harde olde colde swellinges tumoures Botches and harde lumpes growing about the ioyntes And it is good to be be mingled amongst all oyntmentes and emplaysters that are made to mollifie and soften It cleareth the sight at the beginning it taketh away the hawe or webbe in the eye al spottes or blottes in the same if it be dropped into the eyes with the iuyce of Rue it is also good agaynst the bloodshoting and dinnesse of the same which commeth by the occasion of grosse humors Of Galbanum Chap. cxiiii GAlbanum is also a gumme or liquor drawen foorth of a kinde of Ferula in Syria called Metopium And the best is gristel or betwixt hard and soft very pure fat close and firme without any stickes or splinters of wood amongst the same sauing a fewe seedes of Ferula of a strong sauour not moyst nor to drye †The Place The plant out of which Galbanum floweth groweth vpon the mountayne Amanus in Syria †The Names Plinie calleth y◠plant out of which Galbanū floweth in Latine Stagonitis The liquor or gumme is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine and in shoppes Galbanum of some also Metopium †The Nature Galbanum is hoate almost in the third degree drie almost in the seconde ⧠The Vertues Galbanum is good against an olde cough and for such as are short winded and cannot easily drawe their breath but are alwayes panting and breathing It is very good for such as are broken and brused within against Crampes and shrinking of sinewes The same dronken in wine with Myrrhe is good against al venome dronken or shot into the body with venimous Dartes Shaftes or Arrowes To be taken in the same manner it prouoketh the termes and deliuereth the dead childe It hath the same vertue if it be conueyed into the secrete place or if a perfume therof be receiued at the place cōuenient and if the quantitie of a beane thereof be taken in a glasse of wine it helpeth against the payneful trauell of women as Plinie sayth The parfume or sent thereof driueth away Serpentes frō the
of the Sonne as are the walles of Temples or Churches †The Tyme They remayne all the yeere and renewe their leaues in Aprill †The Names The first kinde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Adiantum Polytrichum Callitrichū Cincinnalis Terrae capillus Supercilium terrae Apuleius calleth it Capillus Veneris Capillaris Crinita in the Shoppes of Fraunce and Italie Capillus Veneris it is for the more part vnknowen in the Shoppes of this Countrie in French Cheueux de Venus in high Almaigne frauwenhar in base Almaigne Vrouwen hayr The seconde kinde is called in the Shoppes of this Countrie Capillus Veneris and of some it is taken for Adiantum in the Shoppes of Fraunce Saluia vita of the learned at this time Ruta Muraria that is to say Rue of the wall in high Douche Maurrauten and Steinrauten in base Almaigne Steencruyt †The Nature Both these herbes be drie and temperate in heate and colde †The Vertues The decoction of Capillus Veneris made in wine and dronke helpeth them that are short breathed and cannot fetch winde also it helpeth such as are troubled with an harde or vnesie cough for it ripeth tough fleme and auoydeth it by spetting It prouoketh vrine breaketh the stone moueth the flowers deliuereth the secondine and vnstoppeth the liuer and the melt and is very good agaynst the diseases of the Melt and the Iaunders Capillus Veneris stoppeth the flixe of the belly stayeth the spitting of blood and is profitable against the fluxions and moystnesse of the stomacke against the bitinges and stinginges of venemous beastes Capillus Veneris as yet greene pounde and layde to the bitinges of venemous beastes and mad Dogges preuayleth very muche and layde vppon the head causeth heare to come agayne in places that are pilde or balde It dispatcheth also the swellinges of the throte called Strumes especially in young children when it is pound greene and layde therevpon The lye wherein the same hath ben stieped and boyled is very good to washe the scurffe of the heade for it healeth the same causing the rome and scales to fall of A cay or garlende of Maydenheare worne vpon the head healeth the ache and payne of the same as Plinie affirmeth The leaues of Adiantum mixed togither with a little Saltpeter and the vrine of a young child taketh away the shreucled wrinckles that appeare vpon the bellies of women lately deliuered of child if the belly be washed therwithall after their Beliuerance Men vse in this Countrie to put Rue of the wall in steede of Capillus Veneris in all their medicines and haue founde it to profite muche in the colde passions or diseases of the breast Of English or common Maydenheare Chap. lxix †The Description TRichomanes is a litle herbe of the length of a span without flowers and seede and hath the stalkes of his leaues very small and leane browne shining and smoth beset on both sides with many little pretie round leaues euery leafe of the bignesse of a Lentill straked and dashed on that side whiche is next the grounde with many small markes and strakes lyke Rue of the wall The roote is small and blackishe †The Place It loueth moyst and shadowie places and groweth about waters especially vpō moyst rockes and olde walles and great store thereof is found in this Countrie †The Tyme It abydeth alwayes greene like Venus heare and Rue of the wall Trichomanes †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Fidicula capillaris and also Trichomanes in the Shoppes Polytrichon in high Douche Widertodt Abthon and of some Roter Steinbrecke in neather Douchland Wederdoot in Englishe Maydenheare and Common Maydenheare †The Nature This herbe is drie and temperate betwixt hoate and colde and of the same nature that Venus heare is †The Vertues Trichomanes after the minde of Dioscorides and Galen hath the same faculties in operation that Capillus Veneris hath Of Stone Liuerwort Chap. lxx †The Description STone Liuerwort spreadeth it selfe abroade vpon the ground hauing wrinckled or crimpled leaues layde one vpon another as the scales of fishe and are greene on the vpper part and browne on that side which is next the ground amongst the leaues there grow vp smal stemmes or twigges in the toppes wherof are certayne knappes or thinges like starres The rootes are like smal threddes growing vnder the leaues wherby it cleaueth and sticketh fast vpon the ground and vpon moyst or sweating rockes †The Place This herbe if a man may so cal it groweth in moyst groundes and stonie places and shadowie where as the Sonne shineth seldome ⧠The Tyme It bringeth foorth his starres in Iune and Iuly ¶ The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Lichen in Shoppes Hepatica in French Hepatique in high Almaigne Brunnenlebercraut or Steinlebercraut in base Almaigne Steenleuercruyt and Leuercruyt in Englishe Liuerwurt and Stone Liuerwort †The Nature Liuerwort is colde and drie of complexion Lichen †The Vertues The decoction of Liuerworte swageth the inflammation of the liuer openeth the stoppinges of the same and is very good agaynst Feuer tertians and all inflammations of blood This herbe as Dioscorides and Plinie writeth brused when it is yet greene and layd vpon woundes stoppeth the superfluous bleeding of the same and preserueth them both from inflammation and Apostemation The same doth also heale all foule scurffes and spreading scabbes as the Pockes and wilde fire and taketh away the markes and scarres made with hoate irons if it be pounde with hony and layde therevpon The same boyled in wine and holden in the mouth stoppeth the Catarrhes that is a distilling or falling downe of Reume or water and flegme from the the brayne to the throte Of Mosse Chap. lxxi †The Kyndes THere be many sortes of Mosse whereof some growe in the feeldes some vpon trees trees and some in shadowie and moyst woods and some in the rockes of the sea †The Description THE first kinde of Mosse which groweth vpon trees and is most properly called Mosse is nothing els but a forte of small white leaues all iagged hackte or finely kerued twisted and enterlaced one in another without roote without flower or seede hanging and growing vpon trees 1. Muscus Mosse 2. Pulmonaria Lungwurt The seconde kinde groweth also about trees the whiche is called Lungwurt and it doth somwhat resemble Liuerwurt but that it is greater and larger with great scales layd one vpō another metely greene vpon one side and whitishe vpon the other side 3. Glodylockes Polytrichon or Golden Maydenheare 4. Ros Solis Sonne Dewe The third kind which some call Golden Polytrichon hath very small slender stalkes nothing so lōg as a mans hand couered with short heares of a browne greene colour changing vppon yellow the which doth sometymes put foorth other little bare stēmes with small graynes or seedes at the top Of this
to be made in powder and giuen to take for it stayeth them and driueth them foorth mightily The two other sorts of Mosse of the Sea is also good against flegmons or hoate tumours and the hoate gowte if they be vsed as the first kinde of Sea Mosse commonly called Corallina Of Crowfoote Chap. lxxij †The Kyndes THere be foure kindes of Ranunculus or Crowfoote as Dioscorides and Galen do affirme whereof the first is of many sortes The one hath great thicke leaues the whiche is called Water Crowfoote The seconde hath white leaues and is called White Crowfoote The thirde hath blacke leaues the whiche is called Leopardes Clawes And these be comprised of Apuleius vnder the first kinde The seconde kinde hath rough stalkes and leaues the thirde is small with yellowe flowers The fourth hath white flowers Bysides these there be yet other Crowfootes the whiche growe commonly in gardens whiche are called Butter flowers the whiche are set foorth in the the lxxiiij Chapter And yet there be other as hereafter is declared †The Description Ranunculorum primum genus quadruplex Ranunculus palustris Water Crawfoote Ranunculus albus siue echinatus White Yrchin Crowfoote THE water Crowfoote hath white greene stalkes hollowe and smooth vppon the whiche growe leaues deepely cut or clouen almost lyke the leaues of Parsely or Smalache but muche whiter softer and thicker very hoate and burning in the mouth The flowers be pale in fashion lyke Golde cuppes The which being faded there come vp in their places little heades or knoppes almost lyke the first buddes of Asparagus The roote is compact of a number of white threddes The white or Yrching Crowfoote hath also playne whitishe stalkes vpon the whiche grow leaues also of a whitishe colour very deepely cut and clouen especially the vppermost almost lyke the leaues of Coriander The flowers be lyke them aforesayde when they be fallen away in place of euery flower commeth foure or fiue round graines or beries plat rough like yrching The roote is threddie lyke the other Ranunculus auricomus Golden Crowfoote Pulsatilla Mischieuous Passeflower Golden Crowfoote hath his first leaues somewhat round but afterwarde very muche cut and diuided of a browne greene colour speckled in the midle with brode spottes somwhat blacke or blackish drawing toward the colour of fire The flowers be of a fayre yellowe colour as golde and shining after the flowers there come vp rounde heades or buttons more rougher then the knoppes of water Crowfoote Of this sorte there is yet one kinde founde as Dioscorides and Apuleius are witnesses which beareth a purple flower and the same is yet vnknowen The second kind of Ranunculus that is called Illyricus hath thinne stalkes and thereon grow cut leaues and with white small soft heares the flowers be of a pale yellowe the seede is as the other but the rootes are otherwise and be as many and somwhat more then the wheate or barlie cornes ioyning togither out of the whiche some threddes sprout with the whiche it setteth foorth and multiplieth Of this kind there is yet also another strange Ranunculus and it hath long narrow leaues as grasse of colour after white and blew drawing it out of the greene The flowers seedes are as the aforesaid but the rootes are threddie To this kind of Ranuculus is drawen another herbe which is called Passe-flower and it hath rough hearie stemmes all iagged and small cut or splitte sometimes thicke maned and lying for the most part vpon the grounde at the highest of the stalkes growe flowers almost after the fashion of little Cymballes hauing in the insyde smal yellowe threedes as in the middle of a Rose of colour most purple browne sometimes white and in some places red or yellow and whan the flowers be fallen there commeth vp a round head couered ouer with a certayne gray and browne heare Ranunculus Illyricus Ranunculus Lusitanicus The thirde kinde of Ranunculus is lesser and lower then the aforesayde his leaues be broade and vndiuided and slipperie betweene these two there groweth a stalke and one flower therevpon lyke vnto the other of a fayre yellow colour lyke vnto golde and of a very pleasant smel The rootes are of many cornes gathered the whiche be longer then the rootes of Ranunculus Illyricus The fourth kinde groweth high and hath brode leaues like vnto the Leopardes clawes but bigger the flowers are fashioned as the other of colour white The rootes are muche threeddie Byside these kindes of Ranunculus is yet another stange kind reckoned the whiche is called Troll flowers and it hath great leaues diuided into many partes and cutte rounde about the flowers growe vppermoste of the stalke and are yellow lyke vnto gold fashioned lyke the flowers of Ranunculus but bigger and not whole open but abiding halfe shut thereafter folowe many small coddes togither in the whiche the seede lyeth The rootes are muche threddie Ranunculus albo flore Crowfoote with white flowers Ranunculus flore globoso Trol flowers †The Place Crowfoote of the water groweth in ditches and standing waters sometimes also in medowes and lowe sandy groundes especially in moyst yeres The white and golden Crowfoote groweth in medowes moyst feldes These three kindes be common in this Countrie The seconde kinde of Crowfoote groweth in the Countrie of Illyria and Sardine and loueth sandy and drie ground that is vntoyled and is founde in many places of Fraunce and Almaigne In this Countrie the Herboristes do plant it in their gardens The third Ranunculus is found vpon certaine mountaines in the Countrie of Portingal and of Ciuil The fourth is here in this Countrie very strange The Trol flowers grow vpon the mountaynes of Switserlande †The Tyme The kindes of Crowfootes flower from April til Iune sometimes later †The Names Crowfoote is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Ranunculus of Apuleius Herba seelerata in high Douche Hanenfusz in base Almaigne Hanenvoet that is to say Cockes foote in French Bassinet in Spanish Yerua belida in Italian Pie Coruino The first of the first kinde is called of some in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Apium palustre and Ranunculus palustris in Frenche Grenoillette aquatique or Bassinet deaue in high Douch Wasser epffs Wasser hanenfusz in neather Douchlande Water hanenvoet It may be called in English Water or Marrish Crowfoote The seconde is nowe called in Latine Ranunculus echinatus in Frenche Grenoillette Herissonnée in high Douche Weisz Hanenfusz Ackerhanenfusz in Brabant Witte Hanenvoet in French Bassinet blanc in English White Crowfoote or Vrchin Crowfoote The thirde is called Ranunculus auricomus in Frenche Grenoillette dorée in high Douch Wisen Hanenfusz Schwartz Hanenfusz and Geelb Hanenfusz in base Almaigne Lupaerts clawen and according to the same it is called in Latine Pes Leopardi that is to say Leopardes foote Crowfoote and Golden Crowfoote The second kinde is called Herba Sardoa Apium syluestre Apium rusticum Apiastrum and Apium
when the sede is ripe the heades do open aboue vnder the shel or scale whiche couereth the sayde heades And afterwarde the seede falleth out easily whiche happeneth not to the other two Poppies whose heades remayne alwayes close There droppeth or runneth out of Poppie a liquor as white as milke when the heades be pearced or hurt the whiche is called Opium and men gather and drie it and is kept of the Apothecaries in their shoppes to serue in medicine †The Place Al these kindes of Poppie are sowen in this Countrie in gardens The third kind is very common insomuch as it is sowen in many feelds for the commoditie and profite which commeth of the seede In Apulia and Spayne and other hoate Countries they gather the iuyce whiche is the Opium that men of this Countrie put in medicines †The Tyme It flowreth most commonly in Iune †The Names Poppie is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine and in shoppes Papauer of some Oxytonon Prosopon Lethe Lethusa and Onitron in high Almaigne Magsamen Moen Magle and Olmag in base Almaigne Huel of some Mancop The iuyce of Poppie is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine in shoppes Opium The first kind is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Papauer satiuum of some Thylacitis in shoppes Papaueralbum in Frenche Pauot cultiué blanc in Almaigne Witten Huel and Tammen Huel in Englishe White Poppie and Garden Poppie The seconde kind Dioscorides calleth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Papauer syluestre erraticum some also cal it Pithitis in Shoppes Papauer nigrum magnum of the vnlearned Papauer rubrum and according to the same the Frenchmen call it Pauot rouge in Douche Rooden Huel in Englishe Blacke Poppie and Wilde Poppie The thirde sorte is also taken for a kinde of wilde Poppie and is called in Shoppes Papauer commune and Papauer nigrum that is to say Common Poppie and blacke Poppie in Douche Huel This should seeme to be Poppie Rhoeas that is to say Flowing and falling bycause the seede thereof floweth out when it is ripe whiche chanceth to none of the other kindes as is abouesayde †The Nature Al the Poppies be colde and drie almost euen harde to the fourth degree Opium is colde and drie almost harde to the fourth degree †The Vertues The decoction of the leaues and heades of Poppie made in water dronke causeth fleepe It hath the lyke vertue if the head and handes be washed therwith Of the heades boyled in water is made a Syrupe whiche doth also cause sleepe and is very good agaynst the subtil Rheumes and Catharrhes that distill and fal downe from the brayne vpon the lunges and against the cough taking his beginning of such subtil humours The seede of blacke Poppie dronke in wine stoppeth the fluxe of the belly and the vnreasonable course of womens issues if it be mingled with water and layde to the forehead it will cause sleepe also A playster is made with the greene knoppes or heades of Poppie before it is ripe parched barley meale the which is good to be layde vpon the disease named in Latine Ignis sacer and hoate tumours which haue neede of cooling Opium that is the iuyce of Poppie dried taken in quantitie of a fetche swageth all inwarde paynes causeth sleepe cureth the cough and stoppeth the flixe The same layde to with Oyle of Roses swageth headache and with Oyle of sweete Almondes Myrrhe and Saffron it healeth ache or payne of the cares With vineger it is good to be layde to the disease called Erysipelas or Wild fire and all other inflammations and with womans milke and Saffron it swageth the payne of the gowte The same put into the fundement as a Suppositorie bringeth or causeth sleepe To conclude in what manner soeuer Opium be taken eyther inwardly or outwardly it causeth sleepe and taketh away paynes Yet ye must take heede to vse it euer with discretion ⧠The Danger The vse of Poppie is very euill and dangerous and especially Opium the which taken excessiuely or to often applyed vpon the flesh outwardly or otherwise without good consideration and aduisement it wyll cause a man to sleepe to muche as though he had the Lethargie which is the forgetful sicknesse and bringeth foolish and doting fansies it corrupteth the sense and vnderstanding bringeth the Palsie and in fine it killeth the body †The Correction Whan by great necessitie ye are forced to vse Opium mixe Saffron with it for it shall let and somewhat hinder the euill qualitie of Opium in suche sort as it shall not so easily do harme as it woulde if Saffron were not mingled with it See Turners Herbal for the remedie against Opium lib. 2 fol. 76. Of Red Poppie / or Cornerose Chap. lxxxij †The Kindes THere be two sortes of red Poppie or Cornerose the great and the small differing onely in leaues but the flowers are lyke one another †The Description THE smal Cornerose or wild Poppie hath smal rough branches the leaues be somewhat long toothed rounde about not muche differing from the leaues of the other Poppie sauing that they be muche smaller and not smothe but rough The flowers be of a faire red colour not differing in figure from the flowers of the other Poppie with blacke threds in the midle After the falling of the flowers there rise heades muche smaller then the heades of Poppie and in proportion longer wherein is conteyned blacke seede The roote is long and yellowish Papauer Rhoeas Shadowie Poppie or red Poppie Papauer Rhoeas alterum Cornerose or shadding Poppie The great Cornerose hath large leaues very muche iagged or rather rent lyke to the leaues of white Senuey but alwayes longer and rougher The stalkes flowers and knoppes or heades are lyke to the smaller Cornerose The roote is great and whiter then the roote of the lesser Cornerose †The Place The Cornerose groweth amongst the Wheate Rye Otes and Barley The least is most common †The Tyme Cornerose flowreth in May and from that time foorth vntill the ende of sommer †The Names This kinde of wilde Poppie is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Papauer erraticum Papauer fluidum and Papauer Rhoeas in some Shoppes Papauer rubrum in Frenche Coquelicoc or Ponceau in high Douch Klapperrosen Kornrosen In base Almaigne Clapperroosen and Rooden Huel or wilden Huel And it is not without cause to be doubted whether the second Cornerose be a kinde of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Argemone or no. ⧠The Nature Corneroses do coole and refreshe also and are of complexion muche lyke Poppie Fiue or sixe heades of wilde Poppie or Cornerose boyled in wine dronke causeth sleepe Like vertue hath the seede taken with hony The leaues with the greene heades brused togither are very good to be layde vpon all euil hoate swellinges and vlcers and vpon Crysipeles or wild fire as the other Poppies are Of Horned
in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Solanum Manicum that is to say Furious or raging Solanum or Nightshade of some Persion Thryon Anydron Pentadryon and Enoron †The Nature The sleeping Nightshade or Solanum is colde in the thirde degree approching very neare vnto the nature or complexion of Opium but muche weaker The roote of the mad or furious Solanum or Nightshade especially the barke thereof is drie in the thirde degree and colde in the seconde as Galen writeth †The Vertues The fruit of Solanum Somniferum causeth one to make water and is very good agaynst the Dropsie but ye may not take aboue twelue of the beries at once for if you take moe they will do harme The iuyce of the fruit is good to be mixed with medicines that do asswage and take away payne The same boyled in wine and holden in the mouth swageth tooth ache The roote of raging Solanum especially the barke thereof is very good to be rubbed and layd to Saint Antonies fier in forme of a playster and vpon vlcers that be corrupt and filthy It is not good to take this kinde of Solanum inwardly ⧠The Danger If you giue more then twelue of the beries or grapes of Solanum Somniferum it will cause suche as you do giue it vnto to raue and waxe distracte or furious almost as muche as Opium The roote of Solanum Manicum taken in wine to the quantitie of a Dram causeth idle and vayne imaginations taken to the quantitie of two Drams it bringeth frensie and madnesse whiche lasteth by the space of three or foure dayes and if foure Drammes thereof be taken it killeth Of Henbane Chap. xciij †The Kyndes Of Henbane are three kindes as Dioscorides and others haue written that is the blacke the yellowe and the white †The Description THE blacke Henbane hath great stalkes and softe the leaues be great broade soft gentle woolly grayishe cut and iagged especially those at the lowest part of the stalke and neare the roote for they that grow vpon branches are smaller narrower and sharper The flowers be browneblewe within and lyke to little belles and when they fall of there folowe round huskes like litle pottes couered with smal couers inclosed within with small rough velmes or skinnes open aboue and hauing fiue or sixe sharpe pointes These pottes or cuppes are set in a rewe one after another alongst the stalkes Within the sayd pottes is conteyned a browne sede The roote is long sometimes as great as a finger The yellowe Henbane hath broade whitishe and soft or gentle leaues neither carued nor cut almost like the leaues of Mortal Nightshade but greater whiter and softer The flowers be of a feynt or pale yellow colour and round the whiche being past there come in their steede rounde huskes almost like litle cuppes not much differing from the cuppes or huskes of blacke Henbane wherein is the seede which is like to the seede of other Henbanes These small pottes do growe and are inclosed in a rounde skinne but the same is gentle and pricketh not The roote is tender This kinde of Henbane hauing once borne his seede dyeth before winter and it must be sowen yerely Hyoscyamus niger Blacke Henbane Hyoscyamus luteus Yellowe Henbane Hyoscyamus albus White Henbane The thirde kinde of Henbane called the white Henbane is not much vnlike to the blacke sauing that his leaues be gentler whiter more woolly and much smaller The flowers be also whiter the seede which is inclosed in litle cups is lyke the seede of blacke Henbane but the shel or skin that couereth the huskes is gentle and pricketh not The roote of this kind is not very great It dieth also before winter and it must be likewise newe sowen euery yere †The Place The Henbane doth growe very plenteously in this Countrie about wayes pathes and in rought sandy places The two other kindes the Herboristes do set in their gardens whereof the white sort groweth of his owne kind as Dioscorides saith vppon dunge heapes or mixens by the sea coast In Languedoc they haue scarse any other sauing the white kind †The Tyme These three kindes of Henbane do flower in Iuly and August †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Hyoscyamus Apollinaris and Faba suilla of some Dioscyamos that is Iouis faba Fabulonia of Apuleia Symphoniaca Calicularis Remenia Faba Lupina Mania of the auncient Romaines and Hetruscians or Tuscans Fabulum of the Arabian Physitions Altercum and Altercangenum of Mattheus Syluaticus Deus Caballinus and Cassilago of Iacobus Manlius Herba Pinula of some others Canicularis and Caniculata in French Iusquiame or Hanebane in high Almaigne Bilsamkraut Sewbon and Dolkraut in neather Douchlande Bilsen and Bilsencruyt The first kind is called bycause of his darkish browne flowers Hyosyamus niger that is to say blacke Henbane The seconde is called Hyoscyamus luteus that is to say Yellowe Henbane bycause it beareth yellow flowers The thirde whiche hath white flowers is called Hyoscyamus albus that is to say White Henbane †The Choise The white Henbane is best to be vsed in medicine The two other be not so good especially the blacke whiche is most hurtfull †The Nature The seede of the white Henbane and the leaues are cold in the third degree The two other kindes are yet more colder almost in the fourth degree very hurtfull to the nature of mankinde †The Vertues The iuyce drawen foorth of the leaues and greene stalkes of Henbane and afterwarde dryed in the Sonne is very good to be mingled with Colyries that are made agaynst the heates rheumes and humours of the eyes and the payne in the same in the eares and mother The same layde to with wheaten meale or with parched Barley meale is most profitable against all hoate swellinges of the eyes the feete and other partes of the body The sede of Henbane is good for the cough the falling downe of Catarrhes and subtill humours into the eyes or vpon the breast against great paynes the inordinate flure of womens issues and al other issue of blood to be taken in the waight of an halfe pennie or ten graynes with Hydromel that is to say honied water The same swageth the payne of the gowt healeth the swelling of the genitors or stones asswageth the swelling of wemens pappes after their deliuerance If it be brused with wine and layde vpon It may be also put into al emplaysters anodins that is suche as are made to swage payne The leaues alone or by them selues pound with parched Barley meale or mingled with other oyntmentes emplaisters and medicines swage also all paynes If one do washe his feete with the Decoction of Henbane or if it be giuen in glister it will cause sleepe The same vertue hath the seede to be layd to with oyle or any other liquer vppon the forehead or if one do but smell often to the herbe and his flowers
2. Hordeum Dystichum Sommer Barley Common Barley 4. Oriza Rice †The Description BArley hath helme or strawe lyke wheaten strawe but it is shorter and more britle with sixe or moe ioyntes and knottes The eares be long and very rough couered set ful of long bearded sharpe ayles where as the grayne or cornes are placed in order or rewes sometimes in foure ranges or moe lines The seede is lyke to wheate and is closed vp fast in a chaffie couering or skinne like Spelt The small common Barley is very well like the other sauing that his spike or eare hath but two rewes or orders of Cornes Besides these two sortes of Barley there is yet another kinde the whiche hath the Barley in strawe and eare but the grayne is not so closed vp in the huske as the other Barley but is naked bare and cleane and commeth foorth easily from his eare like wheate and Rye Yet there is another kinde whiche some do call Douche Rysz the same in his straw ioyntes and in his long bearded eares doth much resemble Barley It hath also his graynes or cornes inclosed in chaffie huskes lyke to Barley but it is whiter then Barley †The Place Barley is common in all Countries and it loueth good grounde and fertile soyle The naked or hulled Barley groweth in some places of Fraunce as about Paris That which is called Douch Rysz is sowen in some places of Almaigne as in Westerich †The Tyme Men do sowe the great Barley in September and they mowe or cut it in Iuly and sometime in Iune The lesser or common Barley is sowen in the spring time and is ripe in August †The Names Barley is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Hordeum in Frenche Orge in Douche Gerst The great Barley is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Hordeum Cantherinum in high Douche Grosz Gerst in base Almaigne Groote Gerste I take this for Beare Barley The lesser Barley is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Galatinum Hordeum in high Douch Fuder Gerst in base Almaigne Voeder Gerste The third kinde as witnesseth Ruelius is called Hordeum mundum and may be wel called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gymnocrithon that is to say in Latine Hordeum nudum as Galen setteth foorth in his booke Dealiment faculta Hierome Bock nameth the fourth kinde Teutsch Rysz that is to say in Latine Oriza Germanica It should seeme to the eye to be a kinde of Far especially that Far Clusinum which resembleth muche Santalum Plinij It shoulde seeme also to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Olyra of Dioscorides whiche is called in Latine not Siligo but Arinca in Englishe Rise †The Nature Barley is colde and drie in the first degree †The Vertues Barley meale boyled with figges in honied water dissolueth hoate and cold tumours and it doth soften and rype all hard swellinges with Pitche Rosen and Pigeons dongue The same mingled with Tarre Oyle Waxe the Vrine of a young childe doth digest soften and ripe the harde swellinges of the Necke called in Latine Strumae The same with Melilote and the heades of Poppie swageth the ache of the side and with Lineseede Fenugreck and Rue it is good to be layd vpon the belly against the paynes and windinesse of the guttes Barley giuen with Mirtels or wine or wilde tarte peares or with Brambles or with the barke of Pomgarnet stoppeth the running of the belly They make a playster with Barley meale against the scurffe and leprie The same mingled with vineger or Quinces swageth the hoate inflammations of the gowt and if it be boyled with vineger and Pitche and layd about the ioyntes it stayeth the humours from falling into them It is also vsed in meates and bread is made of it the which doth not nourish so wel as the bread made of wheate or spelt Of Mill / or Millet Chap. ix Milium Lachryma Iob. †The Description MIllet hath a hearie stalke with seuen or eight knottes or ioyntes The leaues be long and like the leaues or blades of Polereede at the highest of the stemmes come foorth the bushie eares very muche seuered and parted like the plume or feather of the Cane or Polereede almost lyke a brushe or besome to sweepe withall in whiche groweth the seede very rounde and playne almost like to lineseede but that it is not so blacke For one kinde of Milium is likewise taken of some that which is named Lachrima Iob and it hath many knottie stalkes about a foote and a halfe high and thereon broade reede leaues betweene the whiche commeth foorth round fruite vpon thinne stalkes about the bignesse of a pease thereof come foorth small eares The rootes haue strong threddie stringes †The Place Mill loueth a moyst and claye ground it groweth abundantly in Italy and Spayne Lachryma Iob is in this Countrie strange and is found only in the gardens of some diligent Herboristes †The Tyme They sowe it in the spring time and it is ripe in somer it may be kept along time euen a hundred yeres so it be kept from the winde †The Names This plant is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine of the Apothecaries Miliū in English Mill Millet and Hirse in Frenche Mil or Millet in high Douche Hirsen in neather Douchlande Hirs or Milie What other name Lachryma Iob hath is vnknowen vnto vs. †The Nature Millet is colde in the first degree and drie almost in the third degree and of subtill partes †The Vertues Millet parched in a frying panne and well heated and made warme and put vp into a bagge and so layde to the belly doth helpe the gripinges gnawing paynes of the same and swageth all paynes and aches especially of the sinewes and is good to dry vp that which requireth to be dried being most conuenient to drie and comfort the brayne For want of other corne men may make bread of Millet the which bindeth the belly and prouoketh vrine but it nourisheth litle and is very leane or slender Of Turkie Corne / or Indian Wheate Chap. x. †The Kindes TUrkish wheate is of one and of many sortes A man shall not finde in this Countrie in fashion and growing more then one kind but in collour the seede or grayne doth muche differ for one beareth a browne grayne or Corne the other a red the thirde a yellowe and the fourth a white Corne or grayne The which colour doth likewise remayne both in the eares flowers †The Description THis Corne is a marueilous strange plante nothing resembling any other kinde of grayne for it bringeth foorth his seede cleane contrarie from the place where as the flowers growe which is agaynst the nature and kindes of all other plantes whiche bring foorth their fruite there where as they haue borne their flower This corne beareth a high helme or stemine very long rounde thicke firme and belowe towardes the roote
in the spring time and are ripe in August ⧠The Names Otes are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Auena in high Douche Habern in base Almaigne Hauer in Frenche Auoyne The seconde kinde may be called in Englishe Pilcorne or pylde Otes Turner calleth the thirde kinde by the Greeke name 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and in Latine Auena sterilis whiche you may see described in the xvj Chapter of this fourth booke †The Nature Otes do drie much and are of complexion somwhat colde as Galien saith Auena †The Vertues Otes are good to be put in playsters and Cataplasmes wherein Barley is vsed men may also vse the meale of Otes in steede of Barley meale forasmuche as Otes as Galen saith do drie and digest without any biting acrimonie Oten meale tempered with vineger driueth away the Lentiles and spots of the face The same taken in meate stoppeth the belly Oten bread nourisheth but litle and is not very agreable or meete for mankinde Of Gockwheate Chap. xiiij †The Description BOckwheate hath round stalkes chauellured and fluted or forowed and crested of a reddishe colour about the height of two foote or more The leaues are broade and sharpe at the endes not muche vnlyke the leaues of Iuie or common Wythiwinde It putteth foorth shorte stemmes aswell on the sides as on the top of the stalkes vpon the said short stemmes there growe many white flowers in tuftes or clusters after the said flowers commeth the sede which is triangled and gray enclosed in a litle felme or skinne lyke the seede of blacke binde-weede described in the third part of the historie of plantes †The Place They sow it in leane and drie ground and is very common in the landes of Brabant called Kempene †The Tyme It is sowen in the spring tyme in somer after the cutting downe of Corne and is ripe niene or ten weekes after Fegopyron Tragopyron †The Names This kind of grayne and plant is called in Frenche Dragée aux cheueaux in high Douche Heydenkorne in base Almaigne Bockweydt after whiche name it may be englished Bockwheat The Authour of this worke calleth it TragopyroÌ„ certaine others do call it in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and in Latine Fagotriticum which is not Oâ—ymum described by Columel as we haue sufficiently declared in the fourth booke of our Historie of Plantes where as we haue in lyke manner declared howe it was vnknowen of the Auncientes I thinke this to be the grayne called in some places of Englande Bolimonge ¶ The Nature This seede without fayle is indued with no heate and is not very drie †The Vertues The meale of Bockewheate is vsed with water to make pappe whitpottes and great cakes of light digestion whiche do lightly lose the belly and prouoke vrine yet they be but of small nourishment The bread which men do make of this grayne is moyst sharpe or sower without any great nourishing It hath none other vertue that I knowe sauing that they giue the greene herbe as fodder and fourrage for cattell and they feede hennes and chickens with the seede which doth make them fat in short space Of Iuray or Darnell Chap. xv †The Description IVray is a vitious grayne that combereth or anoyeth corne especially wheat and in his knottie Strawe blades or leaues is like vnto wheate but his eares do differ both from wheat and Rye eares for they are diuided into many small eares growing vppon the sides at the toppe of the straw in the whiche small eares the seede is conteyned in proportioÌ„ almost lyke wheate cornes but muche smaller ¶ The Place Iuray for the most part groweth amongst wheate and sometimes it is also founde amongst Barley especially in good lande where as wheate hath growen before †The Tyme It waxeth ripe with the wheate and other corne Lolium ¶ The Names This plant is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Lolium of the Arabians Zizania in Frenche Yuraye or Gasse in Englishe it is also called Iuraye Darnell and Rayne †The Nature Iuray is hoate euen almost in the thirde degree and drye in the seconde †The Vertues The meale of Iuray layde on with Salt and Radish rootes doth stay and keepe backe wilde Scurffes and corrupt and fretting sores The same with sulfer and vineger cureth the spreading scabbe and leprie or noughtie scurffe when it is layde thereon The same with Pigeons dongue oyle and lineseede boyled layde playsterwise vpon wennes and such harde tumours doth dissolue and heale them It draweth foorth also al splinters thornes and shiuers and doth ripe and open tumours and impostemes If it be sodden with Mede or as Plinie saith Oximel it is good to be layd to to swage the payne of the gowte Sciatique They lay it to the forehead with birdes grease to remoue and cure the headache It is also founde by experience that Iuray put into Ale or Bier causeth dronkennesse and troubleth the brayne Of Pour Otes Festuca and Melampyrum Chap. xvi Aegilops Pour Otes Festuca altera Drauick wilde Otes †The Description POur Otes or wilde Otes are in leaues and knottie strawes like vnto common Otes the eares be also spread abroade like to the common Otes The graine is blackishe rough heared inclosed in hearie huskes eche one hauing a long bearde or barbe This is a hurtfull plant as well to the Rye as other corne Festuca or as the Douchmen call it Drauick is also a hurtfull plant hauing his leaues and strawe not much vnlyke Rye at the top whereof growe spreading eares wherein is conteyned a small seede of grayishe colour inclosed in litle skinnes or small huskes muche lesse and smaller then any other kinde of corne or grayne Ye may wel place with these that herbe or plant which of the Brabanders is called Peertsbloemen that is to say Horse flower whose description you may see in the second booke Chapter xiiij placed with those wild flowers that growe amongst corne for his seede is lyke to wheat and a hurtful or noysome weede to corne especially to wheate as Galen saith ¶ The Place You shal finde much of this geare amongst Rye and oftentimes amongst wheate and Barley †The Names The first is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Aegilops and according to Plinie Festuca in English Wilde Otes or Pour Otes The seconde is called in high Douche Dort in Neather Douchlande Drauick it may be also very well called in Latine Festuca or Festuca altera in Englishe Wilde Otes or Drauick †The Nature Pour Otes are hoate as Galen testifieth †The Vertues The greene leaues layde to with the meale of th the seede of Pour Otes if it be Aegilops is good to heale hollowe vlcers called Fistulas especially those whiche are in the corners of the Eyes called Aegilopes The same sodden with Ale or Bier causeth the head to be dul and heauy after a dronken sort or manner like to
deuises The seconde kind is somwhat rough and harder in handling then the first and hath but litle pith within and the the same not thicke nor close so that in drawing it foorth it yeeldeth small substance wherefore the sayde pith is vnprofitable but the Rushe being dried is more plyant and better to binde any thing withall then any of the other sortes The third kind also hath not much pith and groweth not farre apart from the rootes but many togither as the flagge or gladen leaues so that one rushe groweth out of another The fourth kinde is great of eight or niene foote long of the bignesse of ones finger spongie within as the Flagge or water Lauer whereof they vse to make Mattes and of this kinde they do likewise make Mattes which are called Rushe Mattes Iuncus Bysides these sortes of common rushes there is also a strange aromaticall or sweete smelling rushe the whiche is not to be funde in this Countrie but onely in Apothecaries shoppes vnder the name of Squinantum ¶ The Place The Rushes grow in low moyst sugges or waterie places The small kinde groweth onely in drye leane and sandy groundes barren Countries as is aforesayde but the sweete rushe groweth in Arabia Africa and India †The Names Rushes are called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Iunci in Frenche Ioncs in Douche Bintzen in base Almaigne Biesen The first kinde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Iuncus laeuis of Plinie Mariscus in base Almaigne Merch biesen that is to say The pith or piththy Rushe and in English the Rush candle or Candle rushe Camels strawe The seconde is called in Douche Yseren Biesen and the third Strop Giesen the which are like a kinde of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Iuncus acutus they be our common harde Rushes in Frenche Ionc agu The small Rushe seemeth to be a kinde of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Iuncus acutus especially that kinde which is Sterile or barren without flowers The fourth is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and folowing the Greke Holoschoenus in English the pole Rushe or bull Rushe or Mat Rushe in Frenche Ionc a cabas that is to say The frayle Rushe or panier Rushe bycause they vse to make figge frayles and paniers therwithall in base Almaigne Matten biesen bycause they vse to make Mattes therewith The strange Rushe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Iuncus odoratus Iuncus angulosus the flower wherof is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Iunciflos and Schoenu anthos and from hence came that name Squinantum whiche is the name whereby this kinde of Rushe is knowen in Shoppes in Englishe Squinant †The Nature The common Rushe is of a drie complexion †The Vertues The sede of the common Rush parched stieped in wine stoppeth the laske and the redde flowers of women and prouoketh vrine But to be taken in to great a quantitie it causeth headache You must search farther for the vertues of Squinant which are not described in this place Of Typha palustris Chap. liij †The Description THis herbe hath long rough thicke and almost threesquare leaues within filled with soft marow Amongst the leaues somtimes groweth vp a long smoth naked stalke without knottes or ioyntes not hollowe within hauing at the top a gray or russet long knap or care whiche is soft thicke and smooth and seemeth to be nothing els but a throm of gray wooll or flockes thicke set and thronge togither The whiche at length when as the sayd eare or knap waxeth ripe is turned into a downe and caried away with the wind This downe or cotton is so fine that in some Countries they fill quishions and beddes with it as Leonardus Fuchsius writeth The rootes be harde thicke and white with many hanging threddes ouerthwart one another and when these rootes are drie then they burne very well Typha palustris Reede Mace Cattes tayle or Water torche Typha absque caule The water Flagge or Liuer †The Place This Typha groweth in this Countrey in shadowe pooles and standing waters and in the brinkes of edges of great riuers and commonly amongst Reedes †The Tyme This Mace or torche is founde in Iuly and August †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Typha and of the writers in these dayes Typha palustris as a difference from the other Typha called Typha cerealis whiche is a kinde of grayne or corne the whiche hath bene already described in the fourth Chap. of this booke of some it is also called Typha aquatica and Cestrum morionis in Frenche Marteau Masses in high Douche Narrenkowen and Lies knospen in base Almaigne Lisch Dodden and Dousen Turner calleth it in Englishe Reede Mace and Cattes tayle to the which we may ioyne others as Water Torche Marche Betill or Pestill and Dunche downe bycause the downe of this herbe will cause one to be deafe if it happen to fall into the eares as Matthiolus writeth The leaues are called Matte reede bycause they make mattes therewith to the whiche they onely serue when it bringeth foorth neither stalkes nor cattes tayle like as this plant yeeldeth his cattes tayles so likewise be the leaues not necessarie to make any thing thereof †The Nature This herbe is colde and drie of complexion †The Vertues The downe of this herbe mingled with Swynes grease well washed healeth burninges and scaldinges with fire or water Men haue also experimented and proued that this cotten is very profitable to heale broken or holowe kibes if it be layde vpon Of Pole Reede / or Canes Chap. liiij †The Kindes THERE are diuers kindes of Reedes as Dioscorides and Plinie do write whereof the sixth kinde is very common and well knowen in this Countrie †The Description THE common Reede or Cane hath a long stalke or strawe full of knottie ioyntes wherevppon grow many long rough blades or leaues and at the top large tufts or eares spread abrode the whiche do change into a fine downe or cotton and is carried away with the winde almost like the eares of Mill or Millet but farre bigger The roote is long white growing outwardly in the bottome of the water The Cane of Inde or the Indian Cane is of the kind of Reedes very high long great and strong the which is vsed in temples Churches to put out the light of candels whiche they vse to burne before their Images To these we may ioyne that Cane whereof they make Sugar in the Ilandes of Canare and els where Bysides these sortes there is another aromatical and sweete smelling kind vnknowen in this Countrie Harundo Vallatoria The common Pole Reede †The Place The common Reede or spier groweth in standing waters and on the edges and borders of riuers †The Names This plante is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Harundo or Arundo
white kernel or nut in tast almost lyke to the Chestnut †The Place The first groweth by the way sides and neare vnto waters in vntoyled places It is founde in Italy and some places of Fraunce It groweth abundantly in Thracia Tribulus aquaticus Saligot Saligot is found in certayne places of this Countrie as in stues pondes of cleare water †The Tyme Grounde Tribulus flowreth in Iune and after that it bringeth foorth his prickley seede †The Names The first of these plantes is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Tribulus and Tribulus terrestris This is the first kinde of Tribulus terrestris or grounde Tribulus described of Theophrastus for he setteth foorth two sortes as we haue before sayde that is to say one bearing leaues lyke Ciche peason whereof we haue nowe geuen you the figure to beholde and the other hauing prickley leaues for which cause it is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Phyllacanthus that is to say the prickley leafe The seconde kinde seemeth to be that kinde of Grounde Tribulus which Dioscorides speaketh of in his fourth booke whiche kinde is yet to vs vnknowen That whiche groweth in the water is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Tribulus aquaticus in French Chastaignes d'eau and Saligot in high Douch Wassernusz Weihernusz Stachelnusz Spitz nusz in base Almaigne Water Noten and of some Minckysers in English Water Nuttes and Saligot †The Nature Grounde Tribulus is colde and astringent is Galen writeth The Saligot is also of the same complexion but moyster †The Vertues The greene Nuttes or fruite being dronken is good for them whiche are troubled with the stone and grauell The same dronken or layde to outwardly helpeth those that are bitten of Vipers And dronken in wine it resisteth all venome and poyson The leaues of Saligot or water Tribulus are very good to be laide plasterwise vpon all vlcers and hoate swellinges They be good also agaynst the inflammations and vlcers of the mouth the putrefaction and corruption of the Iawes or gummes and against the kings euill and swellinges of the throte The iuyce of them is good to be put into collyries medicines for the eyes They vse to giue the powder of the Nuttes to be dronken in wine to suche as pisse blood and are troubled with grauell Also in time of scarsitie they vse to eate them as foode but they nourish but litle and do stoppe the belly very muche Of Madder Chap. lxxiij †The Kindes THere be two sortes of Madder the tame Madder the whiche they vse to plant and sowe and the wild Madder which groweth of his owne kinde Rubia satiua Garden Madder Rubia syluestris Wilde Madder †The Description THE husbanded or garden Madder hath long stalkes or branches square rough and full of ioyntes and at euery ioynt set rounde with greene narrowe leaues fashioned lyke a Starre the flowers growe about the top of the branches lyke as in the wilde Madder of a faynt colour changing vpon yellow after which commeth a rounde seede at the first greene then red and at the last blacke The roote is very long small and red The wilde Madder is lyke to that of the garden but it is smaller and not so rough The flowers are white The roote very smal tender and somtimes also reddish †The Place The husbanded Madder is planted in Zeelande and Flaunders and in some places of Brabant by Berrow in good and fertill grounde The wilde groweth generally of it selfe alongst the feeldes vnder hedges and bushes †The Tyme They do both flower in Iuly and August †The Names Madder is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Rubia in Shoppes Rubia tinctorum in high Douche Rodte in base Almaigne Rotte most commonly Mee and they call the powder of the Rotte Meecrappen in Frenche Garance in English Madder The wilde is called Rubia syluestris and of some learned men is thought to be Alysson of Plinie it is named Mollogo ⧠The Nature Garden Madder is drie of Complexion †The Vertues The roote of garden Madder boyled in Meade or honied water and dronken openeth the stopping of the liuer the melt the kidneyes and matrix it is good against the Iaunders and bringeth to women their desyred sicknesse The same taken in the like manner prouoketh vrine vehemently in somuch that the often vse thereof causeth one to pisse blood The decoction of the same dronken or the powder therof dronken in wine dissolueth clotted or congeled blood in the body and is good for such as are fallen from high and are brused or bursten within Men giue the iuyce of the roote to such as be hurt with venemous beastes and also the wine wherein the rootes and leaues haue boyled The seede thereof taken with Oximel or honied vineger doth swage and make lesse the Melt and healeth the hardnesse thereof The roote put vp vnder into the natural place of conception in manner of a pessarie or mother suppositorie bringeth foorth the birth the flowers and secundines The roote brused or pounde very small healeth al scuruie itche and manginesse or foulenesse of the body with spottes of diuers colours especially layde to with vineger as Droscorides teacheth The wilde Madder is not vsed in Medicine Of Goosegrasse / or Cliuer Chap. lxxiiij †The Description CLiuer or Goosegrasse hath many smal square branches rough sharpe full of ioyntes about whiche branches at euery ioynt growe long narrowe leaues after the fashion of Starres or lyke the leaues of Madder but smaller and rougher out of the same ioyntes grow litle branches bearing white flowers and afterwarde rounde rough seedes most commonly two vppon a stemme All the herbe his branches leaues and sede do cleaue and sticke fast to euery thing that it toucheth it is so sharpe that being drawen alongst the tongue it wil make it to bleede †The Place This herbe groweth in all places in hedges and bushes †The Tyme It flowreth and beareth seede al the Sommer †The Names This herbe is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Aparine in Frenche Grateron in high Douche Klebkraut in base Almaigne Cleefcruyt in Englishe Goose-grasse Cliuer and Gooseshare †The Nature Clyuer is drie of complexion †The Vertues They driuke the iuyce of the leaues sede of Goosegrasse against the bitings and stinginges of venemous beastes The same dropped into the eares healeth the payne and ache of the same This herbe pounde and layde vnto freshe woundes stoppeth the bleeding of the same pounde with Hogges grease it dissolueth consumeth the disease of the necke called the kinges euil and al hard kernelles and wennes wheresoeuer they be if it be laid therto as Turner writeth Aparine Of Gallion Chap. lxxv †The Description GAllion hath small rounde euen stemmes with very small narrowe leaues growing by spaces at the ioyntes round about the stemme starre fashion
and like Cliuer but muche lesser and gentler very smothe and without roughnesse The flowers be yellow and growe clustering about the toppes of the branches like to wilde Madder the roote is tender with hearie threddes or strings hanging at it ¶ The Place This herbe groweth in vntoyled places and hylly groundes as vppon Roesselberch by Louaine †The Tyme It flowreth in Iuly and August †The Names This Herbe is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and in Latine Gallium of some Galation Galerium in Spanish Yerua Coaia leche in French Petit Muguet in Douch Walstroo and as Matthiolus and Turner write Vnser Frauwen Wegstro and of some Megerkraut we may also name it Pety Muguet Cheese runnning or our Ladies bedstraw Gallion †The Nature Gallion is hoate and drie of complexion †The Vertues The flowers of Gallion pounde and layde vpon burninges drawe foorth the inflammation and heate and heale the sayde burninges The same layde vnto woundes or put into the nose stoppe bleeding The leaues of Gallion mingled with Oyle of rooses and set in the Sonne and afterwarde layde vpon wearied members doo refreshe and comfort them The rootes prouoke men to their naturall office in Matrimonie The herbe may serue for Rennet to make Cheese for as Matthiolus vpon Dioscorides writeth the people of Tuscane or Hetruria doo vse it to turne their milke bycause the Cheese that they vse to make of Yeowes and Goates mylke shoulde be the pleasanter and sweeter in taste Of Woodrow / or Woodrowel Chap. lxxvi †The Description WOodrowe hath many square stalkes full of ioyntes at euery knot or ioynt are seuen or eight long narrow leaues set rounde about lyke a starre almost like the leaues of Cliuer or Goosegrasse but broader and nothing rough The flowers grow at the toppe of the stemmes or branches of a white color and pleasant of smell as all the herbe is The seede is round and somwhat rough †The Place In this Countrie they plante it in all gardens and it loueth darke shadowie places and deliteth to be neare olde moyst walles †The Tyme Woodrowe flowreth in may and then is the smell most delectable Asperula ¶ The Names This herbe is called in Latine Asperula Cordialis Herba Stellaris and Spergula odorata in high Douch Hertzfreydt and Walmeyster in base Almaigne Walmeester in Frenche Muguet by the whiche name it is best knowen in most places of Brabant Some woulde haue it a kinde of Liuerwort and therefore it is called of them in Latine Hepataria Hepatica Iecoraria and in high Douche Leberkrant The ignorant Apothecaries of this Countrie do call it Iua muscata and do vse it in steede thereof not without great errour ¶ The Nature Woodrow taketh part of some heate drynesse not much vnlike to Gallion †The Vertues Woodrowe is counted a very good herbe to consolidate and glewe togither woundes to be vsed in lyke maner as those herbes we haue described in the ende of the first booke Some say if it be put into the wine whiche men doo drinke that it reioyseth the hart and comforteth the diseased liuer Of Golden Croswort / or Muguet Chap. lxxvij †The Description CRoswort is a pale greene herbe drawing nere to ayellow Popingay colour couered or set full of fine cotton or soft heares hauing many square stalkes ful of knottes or ioyntes The leaues be litle smal and short alwayes foure growing togither standing one against another in fashion lyke to a Crosse at euery ioynt aboue the said leaues growe vp from the sayde ioyntes many smal yellowish flowers growing round about compassing the stem lyke Crownettes or garlands and euery of the sayd litle proper flowers are parted againe into foure diuisiōs fashioned like to a smal Crosse The rootes be nothing els but a sort of smal tender threds †The Place Croswort groweth of his owne accorde by trenches and water courses and is founde vnder hedges in moyst places †The Tyme Croswort flowreth almost all the sommer long especially from May vnto August Cruciata †The Names This herbe is called of the Herboristes of these dayes in Latine Cruciata that is to say Croswort in Frenche Croysée in high Douche Golden Walmaister that is Golden Muguet in base Almaigne Crusette †The Nature It is drie and astringent †The Vertues Cruciata hath a very good propertie to heale ioyne close togither wounds agreeable for all manner of woundes both inwarde and outwarde if it be so sodde in wine and dronken They giue the wine of the decoction of this herbe to folke that are bursten and lay the boyled herbe right against or vpon the bursten place as some who haue made experience thereof do affirme Of Buckes Beanes Chap. lxxviij †The Description MArrishe Trefoyl hath brode smothe thicke leaues alwayes three togither vpon one stemme in fashion quantitie thicknesse and proportion of leaues lyke to the cōmon beane The stalke is smal of a foote and a halfe or two foote long at the top wherof grow white flowers and afterwarde rounde huskes or knoppes conteyning a yellowishe browne seede The roote is long white and full of ioyntes †The Place Marrish Trefoyl groweth in lowe moyst places in pooles and sometyme on riuer sydes †The Tyme It flowreth in May and in Iune the seede is ripe †The Names This herbe is called of the writers nowe a dayes Trifolium palustre in Brabant Bocxboonen that is to say Bockes Beanes bycause it is like the leaues of the common Beane it shoulde seeme to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Isopyrum whiche some doo also call Phasiolon bycause of the lykenesse it hath to Phasiolos as Dioscorides writeth Matthiolus confesseth that he neuer sawe the right Isopyron ⧠The Vertues The seede of Isopyron is good against the cough and other colde diseases of the breast to be taken with Meade or Hydromel it is also good to be taken in like manner of suche as spet blood and are lyuer sicke Trifolium palustre Of Foxetayle Chap. lxxix †The Description FOxetayle hath blades and helme almost lyke wheate as Theophrastus writeth but smaller and better like the blades stems of Couche grasse at the top or end of the stemmes growe small soft hearie eares or knoppes very like to Foxetayle †The Place Foxetayle groweth not in this Countrie but in certayne places of Fraunce in fieldes and alongst the sea coast †The Tyme This herbe flowreth in Iune and Iuly ¶ The Names Theophrast calleth this herbe in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say in Latine Cauda vulpina in Englishe Foxetayle in Frenche Queue de Renarde in high Douche Fuchs schuantz in base Almaigne Vossen steert †The Nature and Vertues The Auncientes haue made no mention at all of the nature and vertues of this herbe Alopecuros Of Tragacantha Chap. lxxx †The Description TRagacantha hath many branchie boughes and twigs slender and pliant so spreade abrode vppon euery side
adioyning to waters and ditches The second kind is a stranger in this Countrie therfore not to be founde but amongst certaine diligent herboristes Althaea Marshe Mallowe or flymie Mallowe Ibiscus Theophasti Abutilon Auicennae Yellow Hibiscuus or Abtilno †The Time It flowreth togither with the other Mallowes The seconde forte is sowen in Marche or Aprill and deliuereth his flower and seede about the ende of Sommer †The Names These kindes of Mallowes are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Althaea and Hibiscus of Galen Anadendron of some Aristalthaea in shoppes Bismalua and Maluauiscum in French Guymaulue in high Douche Ibisch oder Eibisch in base Almaigne Witte Malue or Witte Huemst in English Marrish Mallowe and white Mallowe The seconde kind is called of Theophrastus also in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine also Hibiscus and to be knowen from the other Hibiscus Theophrasti of Auicenne it is called Abutilon by the whiche name it is knowen of the Herboristes †The Nature Marshe Mallow is temperate in heate as the other Mallowes but dryer euen in the first degree †The Vertues The roote of Marsh Mallow boyled in wine and dronken is good against the paine and griefe of the grauel and stone the blooddy flixe the Sciatica the trembling shaking of any member for suche as are troubled with crampes and burstinges The same boyled in sweet new milke healeth the cough as Plinie writeth It is good also against the toothache for it swageth the payne being boyled in vineger and holden in the mouth The same boyled in wine or honyed water and brused or pounde very smal doth cure and heale newe woundes and it doth dissolue and consume all colde tumours and swellinges as wennes and hard kernelles also the impostumes that chaunce behinde the eares and for the burning impostume of the pappes it softeneth tumours it ripeth digesteth breaketh and couereth with skinne olde impostumes and blastinges or windie swellinges it cureth the riftes and chappes of the fundament and the trembling of the smewes sinewie partes The same so prepared and pounde with Swines grease Goose grease or Turpentine doth mollifie and swage the impostumes and sores of the mother and openeth the stoppinges of the same being put in as a pessarie or mother suppositorie The leaues are good for all the greefes aforesayde being vsed in like manner yet they be nothyng so vertuous as the roote The leaues of marshe Mallow beyng layde to with oyle do heale the burninges and scaldinges with fire and water and are good against the bytinges of men and Dogges and against the stinginges of Bees and Waspes The seede greene or dried pounde and dronke healeth the blooddy flyxe and stoppeth the laske and all issue of blood The seede eyther greene or dry layd to with vineger taketh away freckles or fowle spottes of the face both white and blacke but ye must annoynt your selfe eyther in the hoate Sonne or els in a hoate house or stewe The same boyled eyther in water vineger or wine is good to be dronken of them whiche are stongue with Bees and Waspes Of verueyne Mallow / or cut Mallow Chap. xxvi †The Description CUT Mallow as witnesseth Diosorides is a kind of wild Mallow whose leaues are more clouen deeper â—…t and diuided into sundry partes almost lyke the leaues of Veruayne but muche larger The stalkes be round and straight two or three foote high The flowers be of a cleare redde or incarnate colour in figure like to the flowers of the other Mallowes after the flowers commeth the seede also fashioned lyke litle cheeses The roote is thicke and two foote long or more white within †The Place This herbe groweth in vntoyled places in the borders of fieldes and hedges and is not very common in this Countrie †The Tyme Cut Mallow flowreth at Midsomer as the other wilde Mallowes or Hockes Alcea †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Alcea vnknowen in shoppes of some Herba Simeonis Herba Hungarica in high Douche Sigmars kraut Sigmundswurtz or Hochlenten in Frenche Guymaulue sauuage â–ª in base Almaigne Sigmaerts cruyt in English Verueyn Mallow or cut Mallowe this is also a kinde of marshe or slymie Mallow Symons Mallow †The Nature Cut Mallow is temperate betwixt heate and colde and hath somewhat a drying nature †The Vertues The roote of cut Mallowe or Symons slymie Mallowe boyled in water or wine and dronken stoppeth the blooddy flyxe and healeth and glueth togither woundes and inwarde burstinges Of Venisse Mallow Chap. xxvij †The Description THe Venitian Mallow hath rounde tender stalkes with handesome branches the leaues be of a darke greene thicke or fat clouen iagged not much vnlyke the leaues of cut Mallow or the wild Guy Mallow of a shining darke colour not muche vnlyke the colour of the leaues of Acanthus The flowers growe at the toppe of the stalkes and are the fayrest amongst al the sortes of Mallowes almost lyke in making to the flowers of the other Mallowes diuided also into fiue leaues the extremitie outside of the leaues are white or pale but the middle or inner part of the flower is of a browne red purple with a yellowe Dodkin or Pestil lyke golde in the middle These flowers do not open at all vntyll three or foure houres after sonne rising or an houre or two before noone or there aboutes and when they haue remayned open or spreade abrode the space of an houre or an houre a halfe they close togither agayne and fade or wither away the whiche being past there come in their steede little huskes or bladders wherein are smal knoppes or hearie pellettes in whiche is a blacke seede The roote is smal and tender and perisheth yerely so that it must be newe sowen euery yeere Alcea Veneta †The Place This herbe is a stranger in this Countrie and is not founde at all except in the gardens of some Herboristes where as it is sowen †The Tyme They sowe it in Marche or Aprill and it flowreth in Iune and Iuly †The Names This herbe of the later writers is taken for a kinde of Alcea and is called Alcea Veneta that is to say The slymie or Mucculage Mallow of Vennis of some Malua Theophrasti in high Douch Venediger Pappeln or wetter Roszlin in base Almaigne Veneetsche Maluwe This is not Hypecoon as Matthiolus takes it but it shoulde rather seeme to be Solanum Manicum described in the xcij. Chapter of the thirde booke wherevnto it resembleth muche †The Nature The Mucculage Mallowe is hoate and moyst lyke to the common Hocke or great wilde Mallow we may well presume that in operation and vertue it is lyke to the common Mallow yet for al that we haue no certayne experience of the same ⧠The Vertues Forasmuche as this Mallowe is hoate and moyst we may well presume that in operation and vertue it is lyke to the
beaten ¶ The Place The garden Rockat is planted in gardens and is also found in this Countrie in certayne rude vntoyled and stonie places and vpon olde broken walles The wild Rockat is found also in stony places about high wayes pathes †The Tyme Rockat flowreth cheefely in Iune and Iuly ¶ The Names Rockat is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Eruca in Frenche Roquette in Douche Roket in base Almaigne Rakette The first and also the third kind is called Eruca satiua hortensis in French Roquette domestique or cultiueé in base Almaigne Roomsche Rakette in English Garden or tame Rockat and Rockat gentil The wilde is called Eruca syluestris that is to say wilde Rockat in base Almaigne wilde Rakette †The Nature Rockat is hoate and drie in the thirde degree †The Vertues Rockat is a good Salade herbe to be eaten with Letuce Purcelayne and other like colde herbes for being so eaten it is good and wholesome for the stomacke causeth that such colde herbes do not hurt the stomacke but if Rockat be eaten alone it causeth headache and heateth to much therfore it must neuer be eaten alone but alwayes with Letuce or Purcelayne The vse therof stirreth vp bodyly pleasure especially of the seede also it prouoketh vrine and helpeth the digestion of the meates The seede thereof is good against the poyson of the Scorpion Shrowe and suche like venemous beastes The seede layd to with hony taketh away freckles lentils other faultes of the face also it taketh away blacke and blewe spottes and scarres layde to with the gawle of an Oxe Men say that who so taketh the seede of Rockat before he be beaten or whipt shal be so hardened that he shall easily endure the payne according as Plinie writeth The roote boyled in water draweth foorth shardes and splinters of broken bones being layde therevpon Of Tarragon or biting Dragon Chap. lviij †The Description TArragon hath long narrow darke grene leaues in taste very sharpe and burning or biting the tongue almost like Rockat not muche vnlyke the leaues of common Hysope but muche longer and somewhat larger The stalkes be rounde of two foote hygh parted into many branches vpon whiche growe many small knoppes or litle buttons the which at their opening shewe many small flowers as yellowe as golde intermingled with blacke They being past commeth the seede The roote is long and small very threddy creeping alongst the grounde hither and thither putteth foorth yerely here and there newe stalkes and springes Ruellius in his second booke Chap. xcvj saith that this herbe cōmeth of Lineseede put into a Radish roote or within the scale of the sea Onyon called Scylla in Latine and so set into the grounde and planted and therefore he saith it hath part of both their natures for it draweth partly towardes vineger and partly towardes salt as may be iudged by the taste †The Place Tarragon is planted in gardens but yet it is not very common †The Tyme Tarragon abideth greene from the moneth of Marche almost to winter but it flowreth in Iuly †The Names This herbe hath not bene written of by any learned man before Ruellius tyme neyther is it yet wel knowen but in some places of Englande France and certayne Townes of this Countrie as Anwarpe Bruxelles Malines c. where as it was first brought out of France And therfore it hath none other name but that whiche was geuen first by the Frenchemen who called it Targon and Dragon and according to the same it is called in Latine Draco and of some Dracunculus hortensis that is the litle Dragon of the garden it is also called in Englishe Tarragon whiche shoulde seeme to be borowed from the Frenche neuerthelesse it was allowed a Denizon in England long before the time of Ruelius writing Draco †The Nature All this herbe is hoate and burning in the mouth and vpon the tongue whereby it is certayne that it is hoate and dry in the thirde degree and in temperature muche lyke to Rockat †The Vertues This herbe is also good to be eaten in Salade with Letuce as Rockat for it correcteth the coldenesse of Letuce and suche lyke colde herbes Moreouer where this herbe is put into the Salade there needeth not much vineger nor salt for as Ruelius writeth it is sharpe and salt ynough of it selfe Of Cresses Chap. lix †The Description GArden Cresses haue small narrowe iagged leaues of a sharpe burnyng taste the stalkes be rounde of a foote long and bring foorth many small white flowers and after them little rounde flat huskes within which the seede is contayned of abrowne reddish colour ¶ The Place Cresses are commonly sowen in all gardens of this Countrie †The Tyme Cresses that are timely sowen bring foorth their seede bytime but that whiche is later sowen bringeth foorth flowers and seeede more lately †The Names This herbe is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Nasturtium of some later writers Cressio in Frenche Cresson alnoys or Nasitort in high Douche Kresz and Garten Kresz in base Almaigne Kersse in English Cresses Towne Kars or Towne Cresses †The Nature Cresses are hoate and dry almost in the fourth degree especially the seede and the herbe when it is drie for being but yet greene they do not heate nor dry so vehemently but that they may be eaten with bread as Galen saith ⧠The Vertues Cresses eaten in Salade with Letuce is of vertue like to Rockat good amōgst cold herbes for eaten alone it ouerturneth the stomacke and hurteth the same bycause of his great heate and sharpenesse The seede looseth the belly and killeth and driueth foorth wormes it diminisheth the melte prouoketh the flowers and putteth foorth the secondine and the dead childe It is good against Serpentes and venemous beastes and the parfume of the same causeth them them auoyde The same taken with the broth of a pullet or chicken or any other lyke moyst meates doth ripe and bring foorth tough fleme wherewithall the breast is combred or charged The same laide to with hony cureth the hardnesse of the melte scoureth away scuruinesse and fowle spreading scabbes dissolueth colde swellinges and keepeth the heare from falling of Nasturtium Being layd to with hony vineger it is good against the Sciatica payne in the hippes and the head ache that is olde and against all olde colde diseases To conclude the seede of Cresses is in vertue very lyke Senuie as Galen writeth Of water Cresses Chap. lx ¶ The Kindes Water Cresses are of two sortes great and small †The Description The great water Cresse hath rounde holowe stalkes of a foote and a halfe long with lōg leaues made of diuers other litle roundish leaues standing togither vpon one stemme The flowers be small and white growing at the toppe of the branches alongst the stemmes after whiche folow smal coddes or huskes within which is the seede which is small and
yellowe The roote is white and full of hearie laces or stringes The lesser water Cresse at the first hath rounde leaues then commeth the rounde stalke of a foote long vpoyn the whiche growe long leaues iagged on both sides almost like the leaues of Rockat The flowers growe at the highest of the stalkes of colour somewhat white or of a light Carnation after whiche come smal huskes wherein the seede lyeth †The Place The greater watercresse groweth in diches standing waters and fountaynes or springes The lesser watercresse groweth in moyst groundes and medowes that are Sium Nasturtium aquaticum Great Watercresse Sisymbrium alterum cardamine Small watercresse ouerwhelmed and drenched with water in the winter season also in standing waters and diches †The Tyme The great watercresse flowreth in Iuly and August The lesser flowreth in May and almost vntil the ende of sommer †The Names The first kinde is called in high Douche Braun Kersz in base Almaigne waterkersse in Shoppes also Nasturtium aquaticum and seemeth very wel to be that Sium of the which Cratenas maketh mention in English Water Kars and Water Cresse The seconde kinde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Sisymbrium alterum cardamine of some also Sium in Frenche Passerage sauuage or Petit Cresson aquatique in high Douch Gauchblum wilder Kresz and Wisen Kresz in base Almaigne Coeckoecxbloemen and Cleyn Waterkersse of the Herboristes Flos cuculi of some Nasturtium aquaticum in Englishe the lesser Watercresse and Coccow flowers This is no Iberis as some haue deemed it †The Nature These two herbes are hoate and drie in the seconde degree †The Vertues Water Cresse is good to be eaten in Salade either by it selfe or with other herbes for it causeth one to make water it breaketh and bringeth foorth the grauel and stone and is good for suche as haue the strangurie and agaynst all stoppinges of the kidneyes and bladder The lesser watercresse taketh away spottes and freckles from the face and al such blemishes if it be laid therto in the euening taken away in the morning The wilde Passerage boyled in lye driueth away lyce if the head or place where they be are washed therwithall The kine feeding where as store of the wild Passerage or Coccow flowers growe giue very good milke wherewithal is made excellent sweete butter Of winter Cresses Chap. lxi †The Description THIS herbe hath greene grosse leaues broade smooth and somewhat round not muche vnlyke the leaues of Smallage or garden Rape but greater and larger thē Smallage leaues The stalkes be rounde full of branches aboue bringing forth many litle yellow flowers and after them long rounde coddes wherin is enclosed a litle seede The roote is thicke and long †The Place This herbe groweth in the feeldeg somtime also in gardens of potherbes places not toyled or husbanded †The Tyme This herbe is greene most commonly all the winter but it flowreth seedeth in May and Iune †The Names This herbe is called in Douche S. Barbarakraut and according to the same in Latine Sanctae Barbarę herba we haue named it Barbaraea the Frenchmen Herbe de S. Barbe in some places of Brabant they call it Steencruyt bycause it is good against the stone and grauel in Holland and other places Winterkersse bycause they do vse to eate of it in the winter time in salades in steede of Cresses therefore it is called Nasturtium or Cardamum hybernum This seemeth to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Pseudobunium of Dioscorides for surely this is not Sideritis latifolia or Scopa regia as some do take it Herbe Sainbarbe Pseudobunium Barbaraea †The Nature This herbe is hoate and drie in the seconde degree †The Vertues Herbe S. Barbe is a good herbe for salade and is vsed in the winter season for Salades like Cresses for the whiche purpose it doth aswell as Cresses or Rockat It doth mundifie and clense corrupt woundes and vlcers and consumeth dead flesh that groweth to fast being either layde thereto or the iuyce thereof dropped in Also it is certaynely proued by experience that the seede of this herbe causeth one to make water driueth forth grauel and cureth the strangurie which vertues be lykewise attributed to Pseudobunium Of Thlaspi Chap. lxij ¶ The Kyndes THere be foure kindes of wilde Cresse or Thlaspi the which are not muche vnlyke one another nor vnlyke cresse in taste Thlaspi The first kinde of Thlaspi Thlaspi alterum The seconde kinde of Thlaspi or treacle Mustarde †The Description THE first kinde of Thlaspi hath long narrowe leaues The stemmes be hard and pliant or tough of a foote and a halfe long vpon which grow litle branches bringing foorth smal white flowers and afterward flat huskes and round with a certayne clouen brim or edge all aboue at the vpmost part of eache huske which chappe or clift causeth the huske to resemble the hart of a man within the sayde huskes is founde small seede the whiche is rounde eger and burning the mouth and in the ende it tasteth and smacketh of garlike or onyons and is of a brownish colour The seconde kinde hath long leaues and meetely large longer and broader then the first iagged or cut about the edges The stalkes be round of a foote long diuided into sundry smal branches vpon which grow smal huskes almost lyke the seede of Shepheardes pouche within which huskes is likewise found a sharpe biting seede The thirde kinde of Thlaspi hath smaller stalkes and leaues then the aforesaid and hath more smal slender branches vpon which grow flowers and seede lyke to the other but altogither smaller The fourth kinde hath long small rough white greene leaues the stalkes be of a wooddy substance round and tough or pliant vpō the same grow smal white flowers the whiche past it bringeth foorth broade huskes or seede vessels hauing a brownishe kinde of seede very hoate in taste lyke to the seede of Cressis ¶ The Place These herbes do grow in feeldes and all alongst the same in vntoyled places about wayes there is store growing togither the one kinde in one place and the other in another †The Tyme These herbes doo flower and are in seede at sommer from Maye to August †The Names This herbe is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Thlaspi Capsella and Scandulaceum of some also Myitis Bytron Dasmophon Myopteron in high Douche Wilder Cresz in Frenche Seneue sauuage in base Almaigne Wilde Kersse it may be also called in Englishe Thlaspi The first kinde is the right Thlaspi of Dioscorides and is called in base Almaigne Visselcruyt and of some in Latine Scordothlaspi that is to say Garlikethlaspi Thlaspi minus Besom grasse The second kind is called of the later writers Nasturtium rusticum Sinapi rusticum in high Douche Baurn seuff or Baurn Kresz the neather Douchmen in folowing the same call it Boeren mostaert or Boeren kersse that is to say
Almaigne Pfefferkraut in base Almaigne Pepercruyt This shoulde seeme to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lepidium of Paulus Aegineta of Plinie yet for all that this is not Lepidium of Dioscorides neither yet Plinies Piperitis although it be of some men sometimes so called it is fondly and vnlearnedly named in Englishe Dittany It were better in folowing the Douchemen to call it Pepperwurt Piperitis ¶ The Nature This herbe is hoate and drie in the thirde degree ⧠The Vertues Some in these dayes vse this herbe with meates in steede of Pepper bycause it hath the nature and taste of Pepper wherof it tooke the name Piperitis And bycause the roote of this herbe is very hoate and of complexion lyke to Mustarde or Rockat it is therfore also very good agaynst the Sciatica being applyed outwardly to the huckle bone or hanche with some soft grease as of the Goose or Capon Of water Pepper Chap. lxvij †The Description WAter Pepper hath plaine roūd smooth or naked stalkes branches ful of ioyntes the leaues be long narrow not much vnlyke the leaues of withy of a hoate burning taste lyke Pepper at the top of the stalkes amongst the leaues growe the flowers vpon short stems clustering or growyng thicke togither almost lyke the flowers of Blite smal and white the whiche past there commeth a broade seede somewhat browne which biteth the tongue the roote is hearie †The Place This herbe groweth in all this Countrie in pooles diches standing waters and moyst places †The Tyme It flowreth most commonly in Iuly August †The Names This herbe is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Hydropiper Piper aquaticū in French Poyure aquatique or Couraige in high Douch Waster Pfeffer or Muckenkraut in base Almaigne Water Peper in English Water pepper or Water-pepperwurt and of some Curagie †The Nature Water Pepper is hoate and drie in the third degre †The Vertues The leaues seede of water Pepper or Curaige doth wast consume colde swellinges and old hardnes also it dissolueth scattereth congeled or clotted blood that commeth of stripes bruses being laid therto The dried leaues be made into powder to be vsed with meate in steede of Pepper as our Dyttanie or Passerage is vsed Of Arsesmart Chap. lxviij †The Description THis herbe is lyke to water Pepper in leaues stalkes clustering flowers but it is neither hoat nor sharpe but most cōmonly without any manifest taste The stalkes be round haue many knobby ioyntes lyke knees The leaues be long and narrowe lyke the leaues of water Pepper but browner with blackish spottes in the middle which are not found in the leaues of water Pepper The flowers be of a carnation or light Hydropiper Persicaria red colour clustering togither in knops after whiche commeth abrode browne seede The roote is yellowe and hearie †The Place This herbe groweth also in moyst marrishe places and alongst the water plasshettes and is oftentimes founde growing neare to the water Pepper †The Tyme It flowreth in Iuly and August and shortly after it is in seede †The Names This herbe is called of the latter writers in Latine Persicaria in Frenche Persicaire of some Curaige in high Douch Persichkraut or Flochkraut in base Almaigne Persickcruyt and of some Vloocruyt in Englishe Arsse-smart or Ciderage †The Nature Arsesmart is colde and dry of complexion †The Vertues The greene Arsesmart pound is good to be laid to greene or fresh woundes for it doth coole and comfort them and keepeth them both from inflammation and apostumation and so doth the iuyce of the leaues dropped in Of Indian Pepper Chap. lxix †The Kindes THere be three sortes of this Pepper the one with huskes of a meane lēgth and greatnesse the others huskes be long and narrow and the third hath short brode huskes in al things els not much vnlyke one another in figure and manner of growing Capsiacum Indian Pepper Capsiacum oblongius Long Indian Pepper †The Description THe Indian Pepper hath square stalkes somewhat browne of a foote high vpon whiche growe brownish leaues smooth tender almost lyke to the leaues of common Morrel or Nightshade but narrower sharper poynted Amongst the leaues growe flowers vpō short stemmes with fiue or sixe smal leaues of colour white with a greene starre in the middle After the flowers come smooth and playne huskes whiche before they be rype are of a greene colour and afterwarde red and purple The huskes of the first kinde are of a finger length The huskes of the second kind be lōger narrower They of the third kind are large short and round In the sayde huskes is founde the seede or graines of a pale yellow color brode hoate and of a biting taste lyke Pepper †The Place This herbe groweth not of his owne kinde in this Countrie but some Herboristes doo set and maintayne it in their gardens with great care and diligence †The Tyme The seede of this Pepper is ripe in this Countrie in Septēber before winter Capsicum latum Large Pepper of Indie ¶ The Names This strange herbe is called of Actuarius in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Capsicum of Auicen Zingiber caninū of Plinie after the opinion of some men Siliquastrum and Piperitis of such as write in these dayes Piper Indianum Piper Calecuthium and Piper Hispanum in high Douche Indianischer Pfeffer Calecutischer Pfeffer in Frenche Poyure d'Inde or d' Espaigne in base Almaigne Peper van Indien and Bresilie Peper in Englishe Indian Pepper or Calecute Pepper †The Nature The Indian Pepper is hoate and drie in thirde degree †The Vertues Indian Pepper is vsed in diuers places for the dressing of meates for it hath the same vertue and taste as the vsual Pepper hath furthermore it coloureth lyke Saffron and being taken in such sorte it warmeth the stomacke and helpeth greatly the digestion of meates The same doth also dissolue and consume the swelling about the throte called the kinges euyll all kernelles and al colde swellinges and taketh away al spottes and Lentiles of the face being layed therevnto with hony †The Danger It is dangerous to be often vsed or in to great a quantitie for this Pepper hath in it a certayne hidden euyll qualitie whereby it killeth Dogges if it be giuen them to eate Of Pepper Chap. lxx †The Kindes THe old and ancient Physitions do describe and set foorth there kindes of Pepper that is to say the long the white and the klacke Pepper the which a man shal euen in these dayes find to be sold in the shops of the Apothecaries and Grossers †The Description AS touching the proportion figure of the tree or plante that beareth Pepper we haue nothing els to write sauing that we haue found described of the Auncientes and such as haue trauayled into India and the Countries about Calecute and bycause this is a strange kynde of of fruite not growing amongst
that one plante doth sometime occupie the roome or space of a foote or a foote and a halfe in compasse The leaues be as smal as the Lentil leaues whitish and somwhat mossie or heary set in rewes directly aunswering one leafe agaynst another all alongst a small twigge or slender branche neither greater nor lesse but like the boughes and leaues of Lentilles The flower is also lyke the blowing of the Lentil but much smaller almost lyke the blossom or flower of Ciche peason whitishe and sometimes marked with purple lines or strakes The seede is inclosed in smal huskes almost like to the wild Lotus or Trefoyl The whole plant on euery side is set ful of sharpe prickley thornes harde white and strong The roote stretcheth it selfe alongst in length vnder the ground like to the roote of the common Liquerise yellowe within and blacke without tough and limmer and harde to breake the which roote being layde in some feruent hoate place or in the Caniculer dayes laid in the Sonne it getteth a white gumme which is founde sticking fast vpon it Tragacantha †The Place Tragacantha groweth in Media and Creta as Plinie sayth it is also found in other Countries as in Prouince about Marselles whereas I haue seene great store †The Tyme Tragacantha flowreth in April the seede is ripe in Iune in the Caniculer dayes the gumme is founde cleauing to the roote ⧠The Names This plant is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Tragacantha and Hirci spina vnknowen in Shoppes euen amonst them where as it groweth The gumme also whiche commeth from it is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Tragacanthae lachryma in Shoppes Gummi Dragaganthi in English Gumme Dragagant †The Nature Tragacantha as Galen writeth is of nature like to gumme Arabique that is to say of a drie and clammie complexion †The Vertues Gumme Dragagant is good against the cough the roughnesse of the throte the hoarsenesse and roughnesse of the voyce being licked in with honie For the same purpose that is to say for the roughnesse of the throte and sharpe Arterie or wind pipe They make a certaine electuarie in shops called Diatragaganthū They drinke it stieped in wine the quantitie of a dramme against the paine of the kidneyes and excoriation or knawing of the bladder in putting thereto Hartes horne burnt and washed The sayd gumme is put into Collyres and medicines that are made for the eyes to take away the acrimonie and sharpnesse of the same it doth also stoppe the pores and conduites of the skinne †The Choise You must chuse that whiche is cleare and shining smal firme and close well purified and cleene from al manner filth and sweat Of Ficus Indica Chap. lxxxi THis strange kind of plante commeth foorth of one leafe set in the grounde and sometimes it groweth high and is named of Plinie Opuntia nowe in these dayes Ficus Indica That Euphorbium commeth foorth lykewise of one leafe but yet it is separated from this kind for the leaues of Euphorbium be long rounde and thick fasshioned like vnto Cucumbers set on the sides with thornes Of that Euphorbiū writeth Ioannes Leo in his historie of Aphrica and is spoken of before in the second part of this booke in the cxvj Chap. Ficus Indica Of Buprestis Chap. lxxxij THis Worme is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and in Latine Buprestis in some places of the lowe Countrie he is called Veemol And is called Buprestis bycause it is hurtfull to cattel as namely vnto Oxen and kyen And is founde in certayne places of Holland and lykewise somtimes in Brabant and Flaunders where the kyen sometimes are bitten of them This worme is of the kinde of Scarabeen or Horswormes the whiche are named Cantharides or Spanishe Flyes and hath winges lyke vnto these and is of forme and bignesse suche as the figure doth shewe And this figure haue we set here bycause that some haue set foorth another worme not lyke vnto the true Buprestis Buprestis The end of the fourth Booke ¶ The fyfth part of the Historie of Plantes / treating of the differences / fashions / names / vertues and operations of herbes rootes and fruites whiche are dayly vsed in meates Set foorth by Rembertus Dodonaeus Of Orache Chap. i. †The Kindes ORache as Dioscorides writeth is of two sortes the garden Orache and the wilde Orache Atriplex satiua Garden Orache Atriplex syluestris Wylde Orache †The Description GArden Orache hath long straight stalkes rounde next the roote and square aboue with many branches The leaues be almost triangled long and broade of a feynt yellow or white colour as if they were ouerstrowen with meale or flower especially those leaues that are yet yong and new sprong vp The flowers growe at the top of the branches a number clustering togither small and yellow and afterwarde commeth the seede which is broade and couered with a litle skinne or rime The roote is full of hearie stringes There is also another kinde of Garden Orache whose leaues stalkes and flowers be of a browne red colour but in all thinges els lyke to the leaues stalkes and flowers of the white Orache both in bignesse and proportion The wilde Orache hath also a long stalke moulded or crested with leaues not muche vnlyke the leaues of the garden Orache but somewhat lesser and creuised or a little snipt rounde about The flowers be yellowishe The seede is harde and groweth thicke clustering togither lyke as the seede of the garden Orache The roote is full of heares Of this wilde kinde there is also founde another sort the whiche groweth not very high but remayneth lowe and spreade abroade into many branches It hath little long narrowe leaues nothing snipt or creuished about The flowers seede and rootes are very muche lyke vnto the wilde kinde before described †The Place The garden Orache groweth amongst other pot herbes in gardens The wilde Orache is founde alongst the feeldes and wayes †The Tyme Orache flowreth in Iune and Iuly and almost all the sommer †The Names It is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Atriplex of some Chrysolachanon ▪ that is to say in Latine Aureum olus in Frenche Arroches or Bonnes Dames in high Douche Molten and Milten in base Almaigne Melde in English Orache The garden Orache is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Atriplex satiua and Hortensis in high Douche Heymisch Molten Zam Molten and Garden Molten in base Almaigne Tam Melde The wilde is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Atriplex syluestris in high Douche Wilde Molten Ackermolten in base Almaigne Wilde Melde The lesser wilde kinde is called in high Douche Kleyn Scheiszmilten in base Almaigne Cleyne Melde †The Nature Orache is colde in the first degree and moyst in the seconde especially garden Orache the whiche is more colder and moyster than the wilde Orache †The
Vertues Orache eaten in pottage as other herbes doth soften and loose the belly The seede of Orache taken in Meade or Honied water doth open and comfort the stopped lyuer and is good against the Iaundize or Guelsought Greene Orache brused is very good to be layde vppon inflammations and hoate swellinges that of the garden at the beginning of the swelling or inflammation and the wilde at the ende or going away of the same With Saltpeter honie vineger it is layd to Cholerique inflammations called Wilde Fier bycause it doth wast and consume the member it is in and also to the gowte ⧠The Danger The often vse of Orache engendreth many infirmities ouerturneth the stomacke and causeth diuers spottes freckles or pimples to artse in the face and all the rest of the body Also it is harde of digestion as sayth Diocles and Dionysius Of Blites Chap. ij †The Kindes THere be two sortes of Blites the great and the small and euery of them is diuided againe into two kindes whereof the one is white and the other redde and doth common in this Countrie †The Description THE great white Blite groweth two or three foote high hath grayish or white rounde stalkes The leaues be playne and smoth almost lyke the leaues of Orache but not so soft white nor mealie The flowers growe like Orache and after them commeth the seede inclosed in litle flat huskie skinnes The great red Bleete is much lyke the other sauing that his stalkes be very red and the leaues of a browne greene color changeable vpon redde and so is the seede also The lesser Blite with the greene stalke is full of branches and groweth vp sodenly The leaues be long and narrowe or smal not much vnlike the leaues of Beetes sauing they be farre smaller The flowers be browne turning towardes redde The seede groweth clustering togither lyke Orache seede The roote is full of hearie stringes The smal red Blite hath stalkes red as blood and so are his leaues and rootes in so muche that with the iuyce of this herbe one may write as faire a red as with roset made of Brasill otherwyse it is lyke the rest of the kindes of other Blites Blitum maius The great Blite Blitum rubeum The red Blite Blitum album The white Blite ¶ The Place This herbe groweth wilde and in some gardens amongst pot herbes and where as it hath once taken roote it commeth vp euery yeere wherefore it is counted but a weede or vnprofitable herbe †The Tyme It is founde most commonly in flower about midsomer †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Blitum in Frenche Blette and Pourée rouge in high and base Almaigne Maier in Englishe Blite and Blittes ¶ The Nature This herbe is colde and moyst †The Vertues Blites eaten in pottage do soften the belly but it hurteth the stomacke and nourisheth not Of Goose foote Chap. iij. †The Description GOose soote groweth a foote and a halfe high or two foote in length he stalke is straight and full of branches the leaues be brode and deepely cut rounde about almost like to a Ganders foote wherefore it is so named The flowers be small reddish The seede groweth clustering lyke the Orache seede The roote is full of hearie threddes †The Place This herbe groweth wilde and in vntoyled places alongst by the way sides and is taken but as a weede or vnprofitable herbe †The Tyme You shal finde it flowring in Iune and Iuly †The Names This herbe is called of the writers in our tyme Pes Anserinus in high Douche Genszfusz in Frenche Pied d'oyson in base Almaigne Gansenvoet and of some Schweinsztod Seutod that is to say ▪ Swines bane bycause the Hogges eating of this herbe are immediatly baned or taken with the Murren so that within short space they die †The Nature This herbe is cold almost in the third degree Pes Anserinus †The Vertues This herbe in operation is much like Morel or Nightshade and may be vsed outwardly to all thinges wherevnto Nightshade is required Tragium Germanicum Of the ranke Goate / or stinking Motherworte Chap. iiij †The Description THis herbe also is somewhat lyke Orache but in al thinges smaller This is a little lowe tender herbe with many long branches trayling on the ground The smal leaues are whitish as though they were ouerstrowen with meale lyke to the leaues of Orache but muche smaller neither muche greater then the leaues of Marierom gentil The seede is smal and white and groweth clustering togither like the seede of Orache All the herbe stinketh like rotten corrupt fishe Tragium Germanicum or lyke stinking fishe broth or lyke a ranke stinking Goate ¶ The Place It groweth in this Countrie in sandie places by the way sides †The Tyme You may finde it in flower and seede about midsomer †The Names This herbe hath no particuler Latine name wherefore bycause of his stinking sauour we do call it in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ▪ in Latine Tragium that is to say Goates herbe And bycause you shal reade in Dioscorides of two other herbes called Tragia to make some difference betwixt them we do name this Tragium Germanicum in Frenche Blanche putain in base Almaigne Bocxcruyt some call it Vuluaria by whiche name it is knowen of the Herboristes of this Conntrie Valerius Cordus calleth it Garosmos I haue named it in Englishe The ranke stinking Goate or stinking Motherwort And is taken of some to be that stinking herbe that of Plautus is named Nautea †The Vertues The smel of this herbe is good for women that are vexed with the rising vp of the mother and for the same greefe it is good to be layde vpon the nauell Of Beetes Chap. v. †The Kindes THere be two sortes of Beetes the white and red And of the red sorte are two kindes the one hauing leaues and roote lyke to the white Beete the other hath a great thicke roote and is a stranger amongst vs. Beta candida White Beete Beta nigra Redde Beete †The Description THE white Beete hath great brode playne leaues amongst the whiche riseth vp long crested or streked stalke The flowers grow alongst by the stalkes one vpon another like little Starres The seede is rounde harde and rough The toote is long thicke and white within The common redde Beete is muche lyke vnto the white in leaues stalkes seede and roote sauing that his leaues and stalkes are not white but of a swart browne red colour The strange red Beete is like to the cōmon red Beete in leaues stalkes seede proportion color sauing that his roote is muche thicker and shorter very well like to a Rape or Turnep but very redde within and sweeter in tast then any of the other two sortes †The Place They sowe the Beete in gardens amongst pot herbes The strange redde Beete is to be founde planted in the gardens of Herboristes †The Tyme