bodye stronger / a mannis wittes or senses lustier and fresher Of this sorte are Cole / Betis / Chestnuttes / Chamomill / Saffron / Fenel / The Myrtel tre / Sumache ☞ Of them that are drye in the second degre They that are drye in the second degre / do sensiblie bind or draw together / they stoppe the passage of humores / Of this sorte be Dill / Mugwurte / The floure of Pomgarnettes / Shepherdes purse called Bursa pastoris / Capers / Dodder / Quinces / Lentilles / Mastiche / Mint / Wild mint or Horse mint / Myle or Herse / Nutmegges / Rice / Drye pitche / Fistick nuttes / Plantayne or Waybrede / Peares and namely choke peares / Rosemarye / Spica nardi ☞ Of them that do drye in thirde degre Wormwode / Vineger / Common calamus / Aloe / Amse / Dill / Percelie / Asatabacca or Foldfote / Charaway / Germander / Ground pine / Gornmint or Calamint / Cinnamum the right / Cummin / Dodder that groweth vpon Tyme / Gallâ—s / Cloues / Hissope / Iuniper / Mace / Horehound / Mosse / Waterroses / Wild Margerum or Orgayne / Cinkefolie / Pepper / Herbe polie / Sumach / MargeruÌ„ gentle / The gum or iuyce called Deacones blood / in Latin Sanguis draconis / Sauine / Salt / Baume mint ☞ Of them that do drye in the fourth degre Garleke / Garden cresses / Wild rewe / Mustard / Celendine ☞ Of medicines that are hote and moyste in the first degre out of Serapio the Arabian Ciches called in Latin Cicera / Almondes / The gum of Almondes / The oyle of Almondes / Iniubes / Hares coddes or Satyrion / and all herbes lyke vnto it that hath two stones ☞ Of medicines that are cold and drye in the first degre The myrtel tre with al the partes of the same / Mosse / Yelow Mirobalanes / Chebusi Mirobalanes / Mirobalanes Emblici / Mirobalanes Bellirici / The rose / Oyle of roses / The sedes and the knoppes of roses / Rose water / Ceruices and Sorbepeares / Sorel and Dockes / Liuerwurte / The braÌ„mel bushe / The Mulberrye tre / Blacke berries / Pomgarnates / Barlie / Quinces / Veniger / Willow tre / Horsetayle / Glew ☞ Of medicines that are cold and moyst in the first degre Plummes / Spinage / Violettes / Endiue / Dandelion / Succorie / Water roses / Cheres / Areche / Malowes ☞ Of medicines that are hote and moyste in the second degre Rocket / Ashe sedes / The nut of Inde ☞ Of medicines that are cold and drye in the seconde degre Berberes / Flewurt called in Latin Psillium / The floures of Pomgarnates / Gum tragagant / Plantayne / Sumach / Galles / Nightshade / Winter cherie / Gum Arabicke / Ribes or saint Iohns berries ☞ Of medicines that are cold and moyst in the second degre Melones / Cucumbers / Citrulles / Great Melones beyng grene / Duckis meat that groweth vpon the water and standing poles / Gourdes / Garden Lettice / Peches ☞ Of medicines that are hote and moyst in the third degre Ginger / Graynes / Spourge ☞ Of medicines that are colde and drye in the third degre Henbayne / Dracones blood called sanguis draconis / Spodium / Mandrage / Tamarindes ☞ Of medicines that are cold and moyst in the third degre Porcelayne / Houselyke / Thrifte / Todestoles ☞ Of medicines that are cold and drye in the fourth degre Poppye / The iuyce of black poppye / Horned poppye / The Methell nut called Nux methel The Table of the names of herbes A Adders tonge 52 Alecoste or Coste mary 41 Amara dulcis 2 Angelica 4 Arsmert / otherwise called Culerage 61 B Balsamine 15 Bistorta 12 Burnet 9 Bursa pastoris 14 C Carduus benedictus 18 Cassia fistula 20. 21 Cheruel 19 Clowes 22 Columbine 6 Coweslippe 80 D Deuils bite 42 Dittanye 26 Doronite Romaine 27 E Eupatorium 28 Eyebrighte 30 F Filipendula 31 Fluellin 77 Foxe gloue G Galega 32 Gentian 25 Gratiola 33 Guiacum 34 H Hartnut 51 Herbe two pence 54 Holye tree â—1 K Kaly 38 L Lauander 39 Lunarye 53 M Medewurt or Medowwurt / or Medefwert / and of some named Bimaria 8 Meirobalanes 44 Mouse eare 58 N Nutmegges mace 40 Nutte of Inde 48. 49 O One herrye 35 Our Ladies mantel 2â— P Pilletory of Spayne 36 Pimpâ—â—â—ell â—â— Palm … ria 55 Q Quibibes 25 R Ribes 62 Rosa solis 79 Rubarbe 63. 64. 65 S Sanders 67 Sanicle 66 Sauce alone 1 Saxifrage 68 Scabius 67 Sene 70 Setwal 79 Selfe heale 60 Spinage 72 T Tamarindes 73 Tansey 3 Throw waxe 57 Tormentil 74 Trinite 75 V Valeriane 76 Virga aurea 78 Winter grene 59 Wood rose / or Wood rowel 24 FINIS ¶ Faultes to be amended in the thirde part   In the Preface  Line   23 for London all read London I found all   In the treatise of the degrees of Herbes   In the first side  7 for temporate read temperate  7 for mere reade meane  20 for glycirrhice read glycirrhize  21 for call mixa read called mixa  23 for brush cheries read brest cheries   In the second side  20 for foldfote read foolfote  22 After these words Autore Fuchsio there wanteth Calamint or Cornmynt especally dried Cinnamum Cummine autore Fuchsio   In the thirde side  6 for poudes read pondes  17 for them in in read them in alone in  28 for melowes read melones  29 for prumes read prunes   In the fourth side  6 for foldfote read foolfote   In the first lease Side Line  1 4 for lenchel or saußkrant read leuchel or saßkraut 1 last for saußkraut read saßkraut 3 6 for leues read leuis and so in the .7 8. line 3 7 for little blacke read little and blacke 3  Nota that there wanteth the figure of wylde Tansey 4 17 for knawing read gnawing 5 4 Close this sentence which I take for sphondelium within two halfe circles 5 17 for hircinij silue read hircinnie silue 5 42 for stipe read stepe 6 43 For riders spurge read rittersporn 7 10 For after the same iudgement read after the iudgement 8  Nota that the figure of barba capri is not the figure of Medewurt but it is something like it 8 6 For sennes read fennes 10  Nota that the first figure is no kinde of Pimpinel but white saxifrage beloÌ„geth not to that place 11  That figure is quite false and belongeth not to that place 12 16 For of the name read of the Latin name 12 17 For these part read these partes 13 5 For come into Fricelande reade came into Friceland 13 18 For in these reade in those 14 12 For shrippe read scrip 14 17 For and a great read and are a great 16 16 For before the august read before August 17 4 For thumbles read
out vrine / and go quicklyer doune then gourdes and Melopepones but that they scoure / thou shalt euidently perceyue / if thou rub the foule skin with them / wherefore if anye man haue anye scurfines in the face or anye frekelles / or any morphew in the vtter parte of the skin / the pepones scoure them awaye But the sede scoureth more mightelye then the fleshe / for it scoureth awaye / so much that it is good for kydneys that are vexed with the stone Pepones ingendre in the bodye a noughty iuyce / and that specially when as it is not concoct or ouercummed of nature / by reason whereof it maketh men in daunger of the choleryke disease / moreouer before it be corrupted if it be largelye taken / it prouoketh men vnto vomite / except they eate afterward some other meat that hath a good and an holsome moysture or iuyce in it Melopepones are lesse moyst then the Pepones are / nether haue they so euell a iuyce / and they prouoke water lesse and go slowelye downe / and they do not so muche further vomite as Pepones do / lykewye they are not so soune corrupted in the stomake / when as an euell humoris gathered in it / or any other cause of corruption taketh it Furthermore mn vse to absteyne from it that is nexte the sede in pepones / and eate thesame n Melopepones / and that is good for them to prouoke them to the stole Tâ—ey that eate onely the Melopepones fleshe / do not sone put furth by the placâ— of excrementes it / as they do the Pepones fleshe / Cucumbres also prouoke water as Pepones do / but lesse then they / because their substance is to moiste / and therefore they are not so sone corrupted in the stomake as they be / ye sâ—all finde some that can digeste them as manye other thinges that other meâ— can not digest / by the reason of a certeine familiaritie that is betwene their â—atures Oute of Simeoâ— Sethy CVcumbers are cold and moyst in the seconde degre / and they make an euel iuyâ— and norishement in a man Ye must chuse the least raâ—her then the greatest kinde They which prouoke water â—f they be steped in vinegre / and taken into the bodye / swage the heate of an ague / and speciallye of them that câ—me hastelye The oft vsinge of these fruytes minishe a mâ—nnis sede / and quencheth the luste vnto the pleasure of â—he bodye But the sede of Cucumbres dryed / purches there by a certaine â—eate / and hath contrarye operations to the moyst and vndryed partes / and pâ—ouoketh water much more There is an other kinde of the same / which is thâ—ught to be Languria / that is cold vehementlye in the second degre / and some recken it should be cold in the third degre This kind ingendreth tough fleme in the stomacke / which is sprede abroad rawe by the veynes Therefore they that eate oft of the great kind / called Tetranguria or Languria / in continuance of tyme haue in their veynes and other hollowe places / euel humores growen together whiche ingendre longe agues The sede of these / prouoketh vrine / but lesse then Pepones sede / for it is souner corrupted in the stomache But the best of these is it that hath the lest sede They helpe drye and hote stomakes / if they be taken in a burning ague with vinegre / they are verye good and holsome Ye must eate the inner parte of this kinde / and not the outer parte / for they are of euel iuyce / and are harde of digestion and almost poyson They haue also an other propertie / that they call agayne them that haue fall into a swoune by the reason of heate / but if they finde anye fleme in the stomake / they ingendre a desyre to vomite / and the colyke / and the disease in the sydes by the pappes Of wilde Cucumbers CVcumis syluestris / named of some Cucumis anguinus / of the comon Herbaries Cucumis asininus / is named of Dioscorides in Greke Sikys agrios / of Galene / Theophrast / Aetius Sikys agrios / it maye be called in English wilde Cucumber / or of the propertie that the sede hath / lepinge or springinge Cucumber / for if ye tuche the fruyte of it / when it is ripe / it will burst / and the sede will springe all abrode out of the fruyte it groweth plentuouslye about Bononye abroad a litle oute of the towne / but in England it groweth onely in gardins Wild Cucumber doth differ fâ—om the gardine Cucumber only in the fruyte which it hath a great deale lese / not vnlike vnto longe acornes / it is lyke the gardine Cucumber both in leaâ—es and in long runninge braunches / it hath a whyte roote / it groweth in saâ—dye groundes / and in feldes nere vnto houses / all the hole bushe is bitter The Properties of wilde Cucumber THE iuyce of the leaues of wild Cucumbre poured into the eares / swage the payne of them The roote layd vnto any olde swellinge with barly mele after the maner of an emplaster / dryueth it awaye If it be layd to with Turpentine vpon hard swellinges / it bursteth and breketh them It is powren in against the sciatica If it be sodden with vinegre and layâ— to / it driueth awaye the gout The broth wherein this heâ—be is sodden / is good to washe a mans toth with / for the toth ache The poâ—der of the dryed herbe / scoureth awaye the foule scurfynes / the leprosy and the whyte spottes that are depe in the flesh It restoreth black scarres vnto the ode coloure agayne / it scoureth awaye spottes that are in the face / the iuyce in the roote of fyue graines / and also in the barke in the measure of halfe an vice / purge out choler and fleme / speciallye in them that haue the dropsey It â—useth the bellye without anye grefe of the stomache / halfe a pounde of the roâ—te is broken in ten vnces of wyne / and speciallye of Libya / and thre cyates that is about sixe vnces / are gyuen for the space of thre dayes / whylse the humor maye be manifestly perceyued to be fallen The Greke texte that Lacuna sawe / hath when ye haue taken halfe a pound of the roote / ye must beate it small with two sextarios / that is aboute two English quartes of swete wine / and speciallye of Egypte / and gyue thre ciates of it fasting vnto the pacient / for the space of thre dayes vntill the humor sufficiently fall awaye There is made of the fruyte of wilde Cucumer a medicine / which is called Elatherium / the maner of making of it / is largelye taught in Dioscorides / who so liste to learne it / let him rede these wordes of Dioscorides The medicine called Elaterium / is thus made of the fruyte of wilde Cucumbre Chuse oute wild Cucumbres / which when as
they lepe awaye / put furth iuyce / and let them lye one nighte / and on the nexte daye folowynge set vpon a cup a syue that hath very fyne holes / and take in your handes euery Cucumbre by it selfe / and diuide it with a knyffe / hauinge the edge turned vpward / and presse out the moysture into the cup that is set in vnder / presse also out that fleshy thing that cleueth vnto the syue that it may go doune Cast as muche as is redy into the basin ordened ther to for the nones Poure swete water vpon them which are in the vsy / and presse and cast them away Styre the humor in the basin corner with a linning cloth / and set it against the sunne / and strayne thorow the water with thick groundes vntil it stand / and do this oft vntill the water that swimmeth aboue / fall to the grounde / which after that thou hast diligētly streyned out / breake in a morter the grosse groundes that remayne / and make trociskes or balles of it The best is smoth not heauy / somthyng moyst / with a certaine whytnes exceding bitter / which if it be put into a candel / burned easelye But that which is grene lyke a leke / sharpe or rough / or darke / and full of ashes / and litle thinges lyke litle peces / is greuous and noughty From the tyme that it be kept two yeres vntill it be ten yeare olde / it is good for purgations The hole measure or dosis that may be geuen / is xij granes / the leste is vj. granes A good big grane is inough for a chylde / for if it be taken in anye greater quantite / it is ieperdous It driueth out fleme both vpwarde and dounewarde It is a good purgation for them that are shortwinded If ye wil purge the bellye / put twyse as much salt and as much stibium as wil coloure it / and gyue a pyll in the quantite of a litle pese And afterward drinke an vnce and fyue drames of warme water But to prouoke vomite / take the water that Elaterium is steped in / and stroke the inwarde parte of the tonge beneth with a fether / which is dipped in the stypinge And if anye man be harde to vomite / resolue it with oyle or with oyntment made of floure deluce / and forbid slepe But wyne and oyle are conuenient to be gyuen vnto them continually / that are to muche purged / for that helpeth them agayne But if the vomite wil not stay or leue of / ye must gyue colde water / barly mele / vinegre and water / appels / and such as in makinge thicke and fast together / do streyght Elaterium helpeth weomen vnto theyr sicknes / if it be put in the place of conception in a suppositorie It healeth the iaundies or guelsought / if it be poured into the nose with milke It is verye good agaynst olde head akes It is verye excellent good for the quinsey / if it be layd to with olde oyle and honye / or the gall of a bul Mesue sayth that the iuyce of Cucumber maye be geuen from ten granes vnto the thyrde parte of a dramme / that is a scruple The pouder of the roote may be gyuen from fyftene granes vnto halfe a dramme the broth that it is sodden in / maye be gyuē from two vnces vnto foure It is hote and drye in the thyrde degre after Mesue But Galene sayth / that it is extremelye bitter and lightlye hote / so that it is hote but in the seconde degre Dioscorides is contrarye both vnto Theophrast and Plinye in the nature of Elaterium / concerninge the puttinge out of the candel or making it burne / as you maye easelye finde in their workes if ye will rede them Of the Gourde A Gourde is called in Greke Kolokyntha / in Latin Cucurbita / in Duch Kurbß / in Frenche Courge A gourde hath long runninge braunches / whiche naturally endeuoure vpwarde / but for lack of strenght / except they finde somethinge to staye and vpholde themselfes by / they crepe by the grounde It hath a rounde leafe / not vnlyke the leafe of Abur / or Asarabacca The floure is whyte / the fruyte is firste grene / and after yelowe / after the lykenes of a peare The barke of the fruyte when it is yonge / is tendre and softe but whē it is olde / it is harde / and some take the meat out of it / and vse it in the stede of a bottell Columella and Pliny write that by arte a man maye make diuerse formes and fassions of Gourdes If ye will haue longe Gourdes / then take and sow the sede that is nexte vnto the necke If ye will haue gourdes that will stande / and after that they are emptied / fit to put wine or oyle in to serue in the stede of flackettes or bottelles / then take the sede that is about the sydes in the middes / and sowe them If ye woulde fayne haue very large and greate gourdes / then take sedes that growe there / and turne the ouer parte dounewarde / and let weomen nether touche the yonge gourdes / nor loke vpon them / for at certaine tymes in the moneth the only touchinge and sighte of weomen / killeth the yonge Gourdes as these aboue named writers beare witnes Cucurbita maior Cucurbita longa Cucurbita minor The vertues of the Gourde THE Gourde which men vse to eate / brused and layde to after the maner of an emplaster / swageth swellinges and impostemes The stickes or braunches of Gourdes / are layd vpon the moulde of chylders heades to relese the hete of them / which is called Syriasis They coole also the inflammations of the eyes and of the goute The iuyce of the braunches brused by it selfe / or with rose oyle poured in / swageth the paine of the eares If it be layd vpon the burning of the skin in hote agues / it healeth it The iuyce of the hole herbe warmed and pressed / and dronken with a litle honye and saltpeter / doth gentlye lose the bellye If anye man make hollowe a rawe gourd / and will put wine into it / and set it abroad vnder the skye out of the house / and then drinke it fasting / it wil louse the bellye gently The Gourde sayth Galene is of a colde and moyste complexion / and is moyste and colde in the seconde degre Wherfore the iuyce of the braunches is good for the payne of the eares / whiche is with an inflammation / if it be layd to with rose oyle And so if it be hole layd to / it cooleth metely well hote inflammations When as it is eaten it is moyste and driueth thryst away The Gourde whilse it is rawe / is vnpleasant and hurteth the stomake / and is very harde of digestion in so muche that if a man for lacke of other meate be fayne to eate a gourde as one presumed to do he
the properties of faselus / seynge that he neuer made any mention of it / except Rembert take faselus phasiolus to be al one / which if he do / I meruel againe why he maketh ij chapters of faselus phasiolus / if they be al one I meruel also that he gyueth the propertie of the fabae vete rū vnto our comon beane faselo / which no autor giueth vnto phaselus / yet wil not gyue the name of fabae veterum vnto our beane also / for nether Galene nor anye other autor saith that faselus are good for inflamations for the diseases of the stones pappes / but Galene Dioscorides both giue these vertue propertie peculiarly fabae veterū wherfore Rembertus semeth against hys wil in geuing the peculier vertues fabae veterū vnto our bean / to make fabam fabā veterū / as willingly he taketh the description of it from the same / to lightly geuing credit vnto Tragus / who hath made him erre in diuerse herbes / as the reuocation of certeine errours that he had committed in folowinge of Tragus / can beare witnes But by reason aboue brought / ye may se plainly that our bean can not be nether phaseolus nor faselus veterū Now let vs answere to the reasons that Tragus his folowers make As touching the long comming vp of the faba / I nede to make no other aunswere then Theophrast maketh For Theophrast in the same place immediatly after in these wordes maketh sufficient answere to this reason Sed an ea quae tempore verno serantur celerius exeāt cogitandū est Non nunquā enim quibusdā in locis vel intra pauciores dies cōfi ci possunt vt in Aegypto enim tertio aut quarto die prouenire affirmāt apud alios verò pluribus quà m retulimus opus sit nec temerè ita eueniat quū tellus caelū discrepat cumque maturius seriusque aratū sit quaeque superuenerint dissimi lia constant Tellus enim rara leues benigno caelo subiecta celeriter faci lè reddit lenta vera ponderosa tardè Pliny concerning the multitude of rotes is answered al redy by Theophrast / who writeth that the faba hath not many rotes As touching the plenty that the fruyt of faba that Pliny speaketh of / that is to be adscribed vnto the plentuousnes of som groundes / wheras such plenty is As for the heuines of our beanes / it cometh also of the diuersite of the ground / not of the diuersitie of the kind for diuers thinges of one kinde are many partes heuier then an other / by the reason of the goodnes or plentuousnes of the ground / wherfore Agricola like a wise lerned man / writeth that the right old weightes can not be restored again by granes pulses by reason of their diuersitie in diuers countrees regiones As touching that which he bringeth out of Dioscorides / for the rondnes of the faba / in the chapter of Iuniperus it is not found in any good text of Dioscorides / nether greke nor latin If any wil allege me the text of Dioscorides after Serapions alleging / I desire no better argument to proue that faba ought not to be round / then it that may be made by Serapions alleging of Dioscorides / for he writeth thus Quaedā reperitur cuius fructus est paruus sicut faba nisi quia ipse est rotundus Ye se here that Dioscorides as Serapio allegeth him / maketh the fabā not to be round / for he saith that the fruit of the lesse Iuniper is litle like a faba / sauing that it is round as the faba is not As for the reson brought of Galene for the roundnes of the faba / I answere that ether Galene conteineth his fabam vnder som kind of pulse / that we take for a kinde of pease / as som thinke the Dioscorides conteineth vnder the beane the pease / because no mention is made thereof in Dioscorides / or ellis his faba can not be found in this part of Europa / or ellis I am far begyled Pliny maketh peason to haue corners / then by him oure round whyte pease is ether Galenis faba / or ellis cicer albū / which Pliny maketh whyte and round / and lesse then cicer arietinum The vertues of Beanes BEanes make winde / and are hard of digestion / and make troublesom dreames They are good for the cough / they ingendre fleshe of a meane nature betwene hote and cold If they be sodden in water and vinegre / and eatē with their shelles / they stop the bloodye flixe / and the common flixe of the guttes They are good to be eaten against vomiting They are lesse windy if the first water whilse they be in sething / be cast out / and be sodden in freshe water agayne The grene beane troubleth the stomach more / and is more windy then the drye beane The floure both by it selfe / and also layd to with barly mele / swageth the burninges called inflammations / which come of a wounde / it maketh the scarres to be of one color with the rest of the flesh about it It helpeth the pappes that swell with clodded milke yea though they be vexed with an inflammation or hete it stoppeth milke it driueth awaye swellinge empostemes / blewe brosed blood / and swellinges behinde the eares with the mele of fenygreke and hony / but with roses / frankencense / and the whyte of an egge / the eyes that fal outward / swellinges both windy and other / are stayed / thesame kneded with wine / helpeth the eyes that haue a perle / and the stripes of the eyes The beane eaten without any huske / is good to be layd to the forehead / to turne awaye the humores that fal doune into it Beanes sodden in wine / heale the swellinges gathered in the stones Some vse to lay it vpon childers / nether partes of their bellies / to stoppe the comming furth of the firste heyre Heyres whiche springe oute againe after that the former heyre is pulled out / if they be anoynted with the huskes of beanes / wexe smal and fyne and receiue lesse norishment The barkes of beanes with barley mele / clouen aloin / called of some allom plume / and olde oyle / dryueth awaye hard kirnelles Woll is died with the barkes of beanes Beanes the skin taken of / and deuided into those partes / whereinto they are deuided by their owne nature / vse to be layd / to stop blood which is rased by an horseleche / for it stoppeth bloode / if it be halfe clouen and layd to Aetius writeth euen as Galene and Paulus write also that it draweth very nere vnto the midle temper betwene hote and cold The substances of the beane as Galene writeth / hath a litle vertue to scoure away / as the skinne hath the propertie to binde
testantur That is / the vse of the herbe is Iberis restoreth these men perfitly to theyr helth agayn / thys herbe is called of som LepidiuÌ„ / of other agrio cardamum But many experimentes or profes bere witnes that the bushy one that groweth with vs / with leues lyke bay leues but greater / answereth not only in the sciatica / but also in other old diseases Thys Lepidium that Pliny / Paul describe / groweth plentuously about the water syde that rynneth thorow Morpeth in Northumberland / in suche places as great heapes of stones are casten together wyth the myght of a great spat or floode The vertues of Lepidium I Nede not to wryte any more of the vertues of Lepidium / that I haue done before / seyng that Pliny and Paul gyue the same vertues to Lepidium that Democrates / Galene and Archigenes gyue vnto Iberis Therfore they that will know more of the vertues of Lepidium / let them rede the chapter of Hiberis The Germanes in som places take the iuice of thys herbe and menge it with vinegre salt / and make a sauce there of for rostedfleshe as in Freseland / som make a sauce of redco for sodden meat Of Rosmary LIbanotis stephanω matike / called in Latine Rosmarinus / is named in English Rosemari Rosemari as Dioscorides sayeth putteth furth smal braunches / and about them small leues / thyck / long / whyte in vnder / and grene aboue / with a strong sauor The vertues of Rosmary Rosmarinus ROsmary hath an hetyng nature / Rosmary healeth the iaundes / if the broth or water that it is soddeÌ„ in / be dronken before a man exercyse hym self / and after that he hath exercised hym self / entre into a bath / and drynke vnwatered wyne after Men vse to put Rosmari in medicines that dryue werisumnes away / and into the oyntment called Gleucinum The Arabianes as Serapio witnesseth / gyue these properties vnto Rosmari Rosmari is hote drye in the thyrde degre / it is good for the colde reum that falleth from the brayn / it heateth and maketh fyne or subtil It dryueth wynde away / stirreth a man to make water / and bryngeh down weomens floures / it openeth the stoppynges of the liuer of the milt and the bowelles Tragus the Germany writeth that Rosemary is a spice in the kitchines of Germany / and not without a cause The wyne sayeth he of Rosmari / taken of a woman / if she will fast iij. or iiij houres after / is good for the payn in the mother / and agaynst the white floures if they come of any inwarde imposteme It openeth the lung pipes / and it is good for them that are shortwynded It helpeth digestion / and withstaÌ„deth poyson It stancheth the gnawyng of the belly / it scoureth the blode / and if a man will go into a warm bed after that he hath dronken of it / it will make a man swete If that Rosemary leues be soddeÌ„ in wyne / they will do the same The â—â—nserue made of the floures of Rosmari / is good for them that swoun / are week harted The water of Rosemary as the same Tragus wryteth / is good for them that for horsenes haue loste theyr speche Rosemari is also goodâ— withstand trynblyng of the membres / the dusines of the heade Of the herbe called Ligusticum LIgusticum which some call Panaceam / and other Panaces / groweth muche in Liguria in the mount Appennine / nere vnto the alpes / where vpon it hath the name The inhabitantes there about call it not without a cause Panaces / because both in the roote and stalck / it is lyke Panaci heracleotico / hath the same vertues that it hath It groweth in hygh and sharp or rough mountaynes / in shaddowy places / and specially about ryuers / or as other textes haue / about diches It hath a small stalk full of ioyntes / lyke vnto dill / and leues in the goyng about lyke vnto Melilote / but softer / well smellyng / smaller about the top / and much diuided In the top there is a bushy or a spoky top / where in haÌ„geth black sede sound and somthyng long lyke vnto fenel / sharpe in taste / in smellyng lyke spyce The roote is white / and well smellyng lyke vnto the roote of Panacis heracleotici Thys herbe dyd I neuer se in England / nether in Germany / but it that I saw in Italy / was not lyke it / that Matthiolus setteth furth For it that I sawe / had leues thrise as byg as it that Matthiolus sheweth There grew in it that I saw / all moste in euery place thre leues together / which were lyke vnto a kynd of lotus / or a clauer / or a trifoly As far as I can mark as yet / the herbe that I saw / agreeth better wyth the description / then it that Matthiolus hath caused to be paynted / but let other that haue sene the ryght Melilote where of I meruel that Matthiolus hath not set out the figure as he doth of other herbes / which he granteth that he knoweth / be iudges which of our two herbes is lyker vnto Melilote / and let that be the ryghter herbe that hath the lyker leaues vnto Melilote The vertues of Ligusticum THe nature of the sede is to hete and to make rype It is good for inward aches and swellynges / and for inflammationes / specially of suche as haue theyr stomack swellyng vp / It remedieth styngyng of serpentes In drynk it draweth down weomens sicknes / stirreth a man to make water The root layd to / hath the same effect It is very good for the mouth / wherefor the inhabiter there / where it groweth / vse it in the sede of peper / put it in meates Of Lyuerwurt LIchen which comenly groweth vpon stones / is also called bryon / it cleueth vnto watery stones / or such as at the leste are somtyme sprynkled wyth water as a mosse The colour is for the moste parte grene / but somtyme yeloweshe grene / namely iâ— the place be dryed where it groweth To thys description agreeth well the herbe which is called in Englishe Liuerwurte / in Duch Stein leberkraut or Brunleberkraut / in Frenche Hepatique / of the apothecaries hepatica If any man can not know thys Liuerworth by thys shorte description / let hym know it also by these markes It rynneth lyke a grene lefe not only vpon stones / but also vpon a moyst ground / wyth certayn bellishe swellynges / aperyng aboue the rest of the lefe There groweth out of it a certayn litle twig / lyke as it were a stalke / in the top where of are litle thynges like sterres At the first syght the hole herbe loketh lyke vnto a lefe of the crympled lettuce The vertues of Liuerwurt Lichen IF Liuerwort be laid to / it stoppeth blood / it stoppeth or holdeth back inflammationes or
If it be dronken / it stoppeth the belly / If it be layde to / it stoppeth the rynning out and matter of the mother If it be taken with cold water / it helpeth the gnawyng of the stomacke / it heleth wyndenes / it helpeth the liuer / heleth the iaundes and the diseases of the kydnees If ye will seth Nardus in water and sit in it it is a remedy agaynst the inflammation of the mother It is good for bare eylyddes that want heare / for it bryngeth heare againg It is good to be cast vpon bodies that ar to moyste or swete to muche It is put in to antidotes and triacles / and it is comenly layd vp in a new erthen vessel for ey medicines But it is first bet in to pouder / and afterwarde made in to trochisces or roūd kales with wyne Nardus is hote in the first degre and fully dry in the second degre Of the herbe called nardus celtica THe celtick Nardus groweth in the alpes of Liguria / and it is called in the countre name there Aliuggia it appeareth that Dioscorides wolde haue sayd saliūca / for there is no suche latine worde as Aliuggia is It groweth also in Istria It is a litle bushlyng / and it is gathered and made vp into litle hand fulles / It hath a lefe somthyng long / with a pale yelow color / and a rygh yelow floure Thys herbe is called in Duche Magdaleinkraut / it groweth plentuously in the alpes that depart Italy and Germany It may be called in Englishe / French / spicknarde The vertues of Frenche spicknard MEn vse only the stalkes and rootes of this herbe It is commēded for the best which is freshe / and hath a good smell / and hath many rootes cleuyng together / full / and not brukle or easy to breke It is good for the same purposes that the other Nardus is good for / it driueth water furth muche more myghtely / and is better for the stomack It helpeth the inflammationes of the liuer and the iaundes It is good to be dronkē agaynst the wyndenes of the stomack with the brothe of wormwod It is also good to be dronken with wyne agaynst the diseases of the milt / kidnees and blader / and agaynst venemus bytinges It is put into softenyng emplasters / in to drinkes heting oyntmentes Thys Frenche Nardus as Galene sayeth is of lyke properti with the other / sauyng that it is weicker for all purposes / sauyng for prouokyng of vrine / for it is hoter and is lesse byndyng Galene also in hys booke de compositione medicamentorum secundum locos sayethe / that the Frēche nardus is the beste medicine / and worketh whatsoeuer the Indishe nardus doth / but that it is a litle weyker in workynge Wherefor when the truthe is so / I counsell that apothecaries vse rather thys Frēche spiknard freshe and good / as allwayes it may be had out bothe of Germany and Itali / thē the spiknard of India / if it be olde rotten as muche of it is before it cummeth vnto vs. I meruel that Tragus and Matthiolus folowyng the comō ignorance of theyr countrees call lauender spik / Duch Nardus and Italiā nardus / seyng that in forme and fasshō they haue no lyknes at all with nardus And howe muche they differ in qualites / they that with iudgement examin both / can well testifi If the worlde continew long / theyr namyng of lauāder with the name of Nardus may bryng som simple men in beleue / that lauander is a ryght kynde of nardus growyng in Germany and Italy / whē as it is much lyker to be a kinde of stechas then of Nardus Of gardin cresses Nasturtium hortense NAsturtiū is named in Greke kardomō / in Englishe cresses or kars / in Duche kressich / in Frēche cressō Gardin cresses grow no where elles that I know / sauing only in gardines The cresse is but a small herbe of a foot and a half longe / the leues are small and iagged about / the floures are whyte The blackishe rede sede is conteyned in litle rounde sede vesselles And it is sharpe in taste and byting The vertues of cresses THe sede of cresses / is euel for the stomack / trobleth the belly / dryueth furth wormes It minissheth the mylt It is euel for weomen with childe it prouoketh down weomens siknes and stirreth men to veneri It is like vnto mustard and rocket It scoureth away lepres an scurffines very nere vnto lepres If it be layd to with hony it swageth the swellyng of the milt It scoureth away the sores called fauos / like to an hony combe It dryueth furth the diseases of the lunges if it be sodden in suppinges The same if it be dronken withstandeth the venom of serpentes / and the smook of it dryueth away serpentes It stayeth the fallyng of the here It rypeth carbuncles / and bursteth them It is good for the sciatica / if it be layd to with perched barley mele and vinegre It dryueth away or scattereth abrode swellynges / and gathered humores together And if it be layd to with bryne / driueth furth angri bytes and other sores such as one is called cattis hare The leues braunches are good for the same purposes but they are not so strong / so long as they ar grene For thē they ar yet so gētle that they may be eatē with brede / as Galene sayeth / for soul or kitchyn Of the tre called Nerium NErium is also called rhododaphnus and rhododendron / in Italiane Oleādro / of Barbarus writers Gleander / som Duche mē call it Oleander / the Frence men call it rosage I neuer saw it out of Italy wherefore I know no Englishe name for it But it may well be called in Englishe after the Greke / ether rose tre or bay rose tre / or Oleander after the comon herbaries The bay rose tre hath leues lyke an almond tre / but longer / fatter / and as som textes are / broder rougher The floure is lyke a rose The fruit is somthyng Nerium I. Nerium II. lyke vnto an almond after the fasshon of an horne / which when as it openeth / sheweth a wollyshe nature lyke an thystel down / as Ruellius trāslatiō hath / it semeth that hys greke text had 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But my greke text hath 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 And so semeth the old translator to haue red / for he he translateth thus lanam deintus habens similem hyacintho Yet for all that I lyke Ruelliusses Greke text better then myne / for the down is whyte and lyke thestel down / nothynge lyke hyacinthus / nether in color / nor in down which it hathe not The roote is long / sharpe and wodishe / saltishe in taste It groweth in plesant places / by the se syde and about riuers The properties of Oleander THe floures and the leues of
Swartwalt in Duch / where as is the beginninge of Hircinij sylue It groweth not in England that I know / sauing only in gardines The rootes are now condited in Danske / for a frende of myne in London / called maister Alene a marchant man / who hath ventered ouer to Danske / sent me a litle vessel of these / well condited with very excellent good hony Wherefore they that woulde haue anye Angelica / maye speake to the Marchauntes of Danske / who can prouide them inough The vertues of Angelica ANgelica is hote and drye at the lest in the third degree All the later writers agre in this and experience confirmeth the same that Angelica is good against poison / pestilent ayres / and the pestilence it selfe The practitioners of Germany write thus of Angelica If that any man be sodenly taken / ether with any pestilence / or any soden pestilent ague / or with to much soden sweting / let him drinke of the pouder of the roote of Angelica / halfe a dram / mingled with a dram of triacle / in thre or foure spoundfullis of the water of Angelica distilled out of the rootes / and after go vnto bed / and couer him selfe wel / and at the lest faste thre houres after / which if he do / he shal beginne to sweate / and by the helpe of God he shall be deliuered from his disease If you haue not triacle at hand / you maye take a whole dram of the roote of Angelica in pouder / with the forenamed quantite of the distilled water / and it will bring the same effecte that the other composition did The roote of Angelica steped in vinegre / and smelled vpon in the tyme of the pestilence / and thesame vinegre beyng sometyme dronkē / if you be fasting / saueth a mans bodye from the pestilence But it were better in my iudgement / to stipe the roote of Angelica in sharpe white vinegre / and after it be sufficiently steped / to put it into a rounde hollowe balle / full of holes / ether of siluer / or of tinne / or of Ieniper woode / with some cotten or wolle dipped in the same vinegre / or ellis with some fine cloth / that anye of these maye holde the vinegre the longer and if a man haue suche a ball / he maye be the more bolder to venter where the pestilence is / then if he had a great sort of other medicines The water distilled out of the rotes of Angelica / or the pouder of the same is good for gnawing and payne of the bellye / that commeth with cold / if the body be not bounde withal To be short / the water distilled / or the pouder of the roote is good for al inwarde diseases as the pleuresy / in the beginning before the hete of the inflamation becomed into the bodye for it dissolueth and scatereth abroad / such humores as vse to geue matter to the pleuresy It is good also for the diseases of the lunges / if they come of a cold cause and for the strangurian of a cold cause / or of a stoppinge It is good also for a woman that is in trauaile of childe / and to bringe doune her sicknes At other tymes when nede requireth / it is good also to dryue wind awaye that is in the bodye / and to ease the payne that commeth of the same The roote maye be sodden ether in water or in wine / as the nature of him that is sicke doth require The iuyce of the roote put into a holow toth / taketh awaye the ache / and so likewise doth the distilled water put in at the eare Moreouer the iuyce and the water also of Angelica / quicken the eye sight / and they breake the litle filmes that go ouer the eyes / wherof darknes doth rise Of the rotes of Angelica and pitch / maye be made a good emplaster against the bytinges of mad beastes The water / the iuyce / or the pouder of the roote sprinckled vpon the diseased place / is a very good remedye against old and depe sores / for they do scoure it and clense them / and couer the bones with fleshe The water of the same in a cold cause / is good to be layde on places diseased with the goute and sciatica also for it stancheth the payne and melteth awaye the tough humores that are gathered together The sede is of lyke vertue with the roote The wilde Angelica that groweth here in the lowe woodes and by the water sydes / is not of suche vertue as the other is Howbeit the surgiones vse to seth the rote of it in wine / to heale grene wondes withal These properties haue I gathered out of the practicioners of the Germanes / but I haue not proued them al as yet my selfe / but diuers of thē I haue proued and found to be true Of Aquilegia called Columbine AQuilegia is called in Englishe Columbin / and in Duche Ackeley Columbine groweth onlye in gardines in England / as farre as I know / but I haue sene it growe wilde in Germanye both it with the whyte floure and eke with the blewe The first leues that come out / are lyke vnto great Selendine / they are iagged round aboute / and spred vpon the earth In the moneth of Iune / it groweth into a rounde and smoth stalke / higher then a mans cubite / and in the toppe it hath blewe or white floures much lyke vnto the herbe / which is called in English Larkes clawe / and in Duche Riders spurge After that the floures are gone there rise foure corners like vnto Nigella Romana / which haue sede lyke vnto flees The roote is whyte and long / and ful of smale fringes about the ende lyke thredes The herbe / the sede / and the roote resemble a certaine swetenes Aquilegia The vertues of Columbine TRagus writeth that a dram weight of the sede of Columbine brused / and with a halfpennye weight of Saffron / dronken with wine / is good for the yelow iaundies This is knowen by experience if he will go to a warm bedde after that he hath taken it / and prouoke swete After the same maner vsed / it openeth the wayes of the lyuer / of whose stopping arise many diseases After the same iudgemente of the same Tragus / the water of the floures rightly distilled / if it be dronken is good for the same purpose / it is good against soundinge Of Medewurt / or Medow wurt / or Mede swete / and of some named Vlmaria Barba capri MEdewurte is an herbe well knowen vnto all men / it groweth about water sydes / moyst places and sennes / and it hath a leafe like vnto Agrimonie / indented much The stalkes are four square / holow within / dunne in color / whiche are somtyme as highe as a man It hath verye many floures in the toppe which are lyke the floures of Philipendula / a far
infuse from v. ʒ vnto xx CHEBVLI The vertues of Kebuli KEBVLI purge fleme / increase a mans reason and vnderstandinge / and helpe the memorye / and stoppe the rewme / they scoure the stomach and strenghten / it quickeneth the eye sight and other senses / and are good for the dropsey and old agues The ponder of the Indianes and the Kebuli maye be taken from ij ʒ to iiij ʒ / the broth of the infusion of them maye be takē from iiij ʒ vnto xx but he that taketh them / must not take them whiles the North winde bloweth / and must eat no fishe The sodden broth of these do stoppe more then the infusion / whiche is onelye pressed out without sethinge Of the black Mirobalanes THE black Mirobalanes purge oute Melancoly burnt choler / they are good for trimbling / sadnes / the lepre / the quartaine / such other deceases as rise of melancoly They are also good to make the color of the skinne liuelye The hurtes of the Mirobalanes and helpe of the same AND because all these kindes of Mirobalanes do lightlye stoppe the vaynes and lyuer and other places / cleue vnto the filmes of the stomach / and guttes / and hurte them with their wringkles / they are not to be geuen vnto them that are muche geuen vnto stoppinge / but vnto other they maye be geuen with those medicines or herbes that driue vrine / or they maye be infused in whaye / and so taken / or in the iuyce of fumitorye / or with Rubarbe / or Agarike / or Spiknarde If they be steped and rubbed in rose oyle / or the oyle of swete Almondes / or violet oyle / or with swete Almondes / or swete rasines or broken with their streyninge / or hony / or taken with Cassia / Manna / Tamarindes / or with the conserue of Violettes / or if they be taken with any other softeninge medicine / they soften the stomache and the guttes / that is purge gentlye and slide thorow as sliperye and cleue no more to the guttes / nether make anye wrinkles there The vertues of Emblike Mirobalanes THE Emblikes are somthinge colde and drye in the firste degre / they scoure the stomache of rotten fleme / and they strenghthen it and the brayne / the sinewes / the hart / the liuer / and other louse partes by binding them together agayne / and therefore they are good for the trimblinge of the harte / they stere vp an appetite / they stoppe vomiting / they staye and hold doune madnes / they increase or at the least helpe the reasonable pour of the soule They slake the notable heat of the bowelles and the thirst that commeth thereof The measure of takinge of them is from one aureo / that is a dram / and the viij parte of a dram vntill thre / in the infuse they are taken from iij. aureis vntill sixe Of bellerick Mirobalanes BEllerick Mirobalanes are cold in the first degre / and drye in the seconde Their chefe properties are to comfort and to strenghten Auerrois writeth that they purge choler The same quantite is to be taken of these that is taken of Emblike Mirobalanes Of the Fen shrub or bushe called Gall. THere is a shorte bushe that groweth in the Fenne / whiche is called in Duche in Netherland / Gagel / in Cambridge shyre Gall / in Summerset shyre Goul or Golle / of the Apothecaries in Englande and lowe Duchlande / Mirtillus / although it be no kinde of Myrtus / but onlye because the leaues are well smellinge and are lyke vnto the leaues of wild Myrtus / sauinge that they are shorter and rounder / and blunter at the ende As far as I can perceyue / oure Apothecaries haue vsed the leaues of this bushe / for the leaues of the righte Myrtus But they erre / for the properties are not all one For the gall is hote in the ende of the second degre / and farther it is so very wel smelling and meruelous bitter / and notable astringent or bindinge But Galene writing of the right Myrtus / sayth it is made of contrary substances / but the colde erthlye propertye ouercommeth the other It hath also a subtile propertye that is hote / by reason whereof it dryeth Wherefore the one can not be well vsed without error / for the other although they agre in manye poyntes The Westfalians vse to put the leaues / buddes and floures of Gall for it hath no fruyte as the Myrtus hath into beare / and it maketh it haue both a good taste and a good smell / and for a nede it wil serue in the stede of hoppes But I woulde aduise that either hoppes should be mixed with it / or els Rosmarye / Calamint or Chamepitis called Groundpine / or suche other lyke openinge herbes or sedes / as are the sedes of Fenel / Caroway / or Anise It is tried by experience that it is good to be put in beare / both me and by diuerse other in Summersetshyre Of the nutte of Inde Nux Indica THE nutte of Inde is called in Latin Nux Indica / it is so bigge as a good halfe pinte in receyuinge of Licore / in figure like a Melon / but sharper at the endes / and especial at the one ende The outer barke is of a rede coloure turninge towardes blacke / somthinge harde tough / with a wollise nature within / whiche groweth hard together / and when it is hard rubbed with handes / it is lyke heares / vnder that is a hard shell as hard as horne / thresquare It hath a kernel within it of the bignes of a goose egge / hollow within / the substance thereof is fat of the thicknes of halfe a figge of a swete taste / and like butter They are most commended that haue much of a Licor within them like water / for by that it is knowen that they are new and freshe The vertues and complexion of the nutte of Inde THE nut of Inde is hote in the seconde degre as the Italianes write / and moiste in the firste But in them that I haue tasted / I haue found no such heat / if it be eaten / although it engendre not an hurtful iuyce / yet they trouble the stomake somthinge It encreaseth sede / and stereth men to the worke of procreation of childer The oyle that is pressed out of the Indiane nut / is good for the payne of the emrodes / specially menged with the oyle of peches The same is good for the ache of the knees and sciatica / if they be anoynted therewith / and it killeth wormes Of the nutte called the vomitinge nutt / and of the nut of Methel THE vomitinge nut and the Methel are not in al poyntes vnlyke But yet is there great difference betwene them Matthiolus writeth that the flat nuttes like litle cheses which haue ben solde hytherto for vomitinge nuttes are nuttes methel / and they that haue bene hytherto
Sparta perilla that they geue vnto Guaico and to the rote chine Of Sanicle Saniculae SAnicle is muche lyke vnto Cinkefoly or fiueleued grasse / or vnto the leafe of a vyne / but it is more depely indented in fyue places / the leafe of it is muche lyke vnto some kindes of Kingcuppe / the rote is blacke without and whyte within / full of litle smalle tasselles like thredes comminge oute of them / the stalke is verye smalle lyke vnto a rishe / sometyme a cubite longe In the toppe of it growe manye litle floures / they departe awaye and leue behinde them pretye litle knoppes like litle burres The roote with the rest of the herbe is astringent / and somethinge bitter It groweth commonlye in colde and shadoish woddes and hedges The vertues of Sanicle THe leues or rote of Sanicle sodden in mede dronkē / scoureth away the diseases of the lunges / if it be soddē in water or wine dronkē / it is good for inward burstinges wondes if it be dressed after the same maner / it is good for them that spit blood / for the ache of the backe / for the gnawing of the belly / it stoppeth both the running out of blood of man or woman / men vse to put this herb comonly with other inward wonde herbes It is good for al maner of burstinges / layd to after the maner of an emplaster / some hold that it hath such a mightye pore in ioyning fleshe together / that if it be sodden with fleshe it will make the fleshe growe together in the potte whiles it is in sethinge Of Sanders SAnders are kindes of woode / there are thre kindes / the whyte / the red / and the yelowe / the yelowe is best smellinge / nexte vnto that is the whyte / and last of all is the red / and the yelow in my iudgement is hotest / and nexte vnto him is the whyte / and of the third the red is the coldest I do not agre with the Arabianes which holde that all the Sanders are colde / seynge that the yelow are at the lest hote in the first degre / and the whyte is temperate / and the read scarcely can be proued to be fully colde in the second degre It is proued by often experience that all the thre kindes are very good and profitable for mans principal partes / and that the yelowe are good for the trimblinge of the harte Rede sanders hinder the flowinge of humores to the partes of the bodye / and strenghthen the gummes and stomach Al kindes of Sanders are good for the trimbling of the hart ioyned with an ague / and the speciallye when they are layd vpon the hart Rede sanders are good to be menged with colde herbes both for the goute and for the head ache of an hote cause / and they stoppe humores that flowe into the eyes Sanders / namelye rede / are good to be brused and put into rose water / and to foment there with any place diseased with heate / and namelye the liuer Sanders are good against itchinge / if the place be bathed with the water that they are sodden in Of Saxifrage THE later writers call manye herbes Saxifrages / and especiallye suche as breke the stone / for so doth this worde Saxifrage signifie In Englande there is a wilde kinde of Daucus with longe smal leaues / whiche groweth commonlye in ranke medowes / that oure Countremen call Saxifrage Aboute Colon there groweth in sandye groundes not far from the Rhene syde a kinde of Saxifrage / whiche groweth verye thicke and crepeth by the grounde in fashion and forme lyke vnto Tyme the Coloners call it Klein steinbrech / and I name it in English Tyme saxifrage I haue sene of this kinde growinge in Essexe by the Seasyde There is an other in Germanye called weiss Steinbrech This hath round leaues / and is indented very litle / I mighte compare it to Yuie / if it had a sharpe pointe comminge oute of the middes / the stalke is small / and whyte floures growe in the toppes / the rote is full of litle knoppes lyke pearles It groweth verye commonlye in Germanye and in diuerse places of England to / Fuchsius maketh the common Melilote Saxifragiam luteam / that is yelow steinbrech Saxifragia alba The vertues of Saxifrage THE name of Saxifrage teacheth the vertues of all the kindes thereof / and declare the vertues of thē The white Saxifrage with the indented leafe is moste commended for the breakinge of the stone / for if the leaues and rootes be sodden in wine / they make a man make water / and purge the kidneis and driue out the stone both of the bladder and kidneys / if it be not confirmed into muche hardnes before The newe writers holde also that if the rotes be beaten into pouder / and made after the maner of an electuary and receyued / is good for the same purpose Some of them hold also / that if in the moneth of May the herbe be distilled in a duble vessel after the maner of alcumistry / that the water thereof after a man hath sitten in a warme bath dronken / hath the same propertye to breake the stone Of the herbe called Scabius SCabiosa is named in English Scabius / and there are diuerse kindes of Scabius / wherofsome are more some are lesse / most commonly according vnto the nature of the grounde where as they growe it that groweth amongest the corne / is rākest of al other And this is the token whereby Scabius is knowen from the deuils byte / and diuerse other lyke herbes vnto it / that if ye breake the leafe insunder / ther will come out small sinewes like smalle here 's whiche will not suffer the one halfe of the leafe to be pulled insunder one from an other to fall awaye to the ground of a longe tyme. All the leaues of euerye kinde of Scabius are indented or iagged / and haue blewe floures in the vppermoste of the stalke Scabiosa The vertues of Scabius SCabius which hath the name of Scabbes / is good against scabbes and breking out of the skin / whether it be takē in with the broth wherin it is sodden in / or if the sore places be anointed with the iuyce of it / or with an oyntment made of it It is good for al the diseses of the brest lunges / for it purgeth the lunges brest of all filthy matter It is very good to be layd vpon pestilent sores to ripe thē / to breke them / in so much that if dedly sores be anointed plastered therwith al / in iij. houres as the later writers hold / the same wil vanishe and go away / or ellis at the lest be resolued or made ripe Of the herbe called Sene. Sena THere hath bene a great errour of late yeares amonges many men / whiche haue thought that Sene had bene a tre / which groweth in
/ and layd to the teth / are good for the teth ake It swageth also the payne of the teth if it be rosted and put into the teth / so that the payne come of to muche moysture One heade of Garleke dronken with ten drammes of the gume of Laserpitium / driueth awaye the quartain ague for lack of the true Laserpitium / ye maye take the roote of Angelica or Pillitorye of Spayne / called otherwise Magistrantia It prouoketh slepe maketh the colour of the bodye rede / and stirreth men to Venerye / dronken with grene Coriander and stronge wine It is also good for the pype or roupe of hennes and cockes / as Plinye writeth Garleke helpeth the Colike that commeth of winde / and the sciatica that is of fleme It maketh subtill the norishment and the blood The vse of Garleke is euel for al them that are of an hote complexion / for it hurteth the eyes / the heade / the longes / the kidneis / it hurteth also women with chylde and suckinge childer Garleke is as Galene sayth / the men of the countrees triacle It is hote and drye in the fourth degre Of the Alder tree Alnus THE Alder tre whiche is also called an Aller tre / is named in Greke Clethra in Latin Alnus in Duche ein Erlenbaum The nature of this tree is to growe by water sydes and in marrish ground The properties of Alders THE tree when the barke is of / is reade / and the barke is much vsed to dye withal Pliny sayth that Alder is profitable to set at Riuers sydes agaynst the rage of the floude / to helpe and strenghten the banke withall / and that vnder the shadowe of Alder trees maye wel growe any thing / that is set or sowen / whiche thinge chanceth not vnder many other trees Some saye that the iuyce of an Alder trees barke is good for a burninge Of Aloe ALoe maye be called in English herbe Aloe / to put difference betwen the herbe and the iuyce / which cōpacted together dried into greate peces / is cōmonly called Aloe Aloe hath fat thick leaues like vnto Squilla or sea vnyon / something broad / roūd bowing backward It hath leaues of eche syde growynge a wrye / prickye / with fewe crestes and shorte / the stalke is lyke right Affodils stalke / it hath whyte floures fruyte like vnto right Affodil It hath a greuous sauour a wonderful bitter tast / it hath one roote / and sticketh in the ground like a stake I haue sene in Italy in diuerse gardines herbe Aloe / but it endureth not in Italye in gardines aboue thre yeres as the Italianes told me I haue sene herbe Aloe also in Anwerpe in shoppes / there it endureth long alyue as Orpyne doth and housleke / wherefore some haue called it sem per vinum marinum that is Sea aigrene The vertues THere are two kindes of Aloe / one kind is full of sand / and semeth to be the drosse and outcaste of the pure iuice The other kinde is like vnto a liuer / that ought to be taken that is of a good sauour pure / and hath no deceyt in it / shinning without stones of a read coloure / growinge together like a lyuer / britle / easy to melt / and of a great bitternes It that is black and hard to breake is not commended The nature of the herbe Aloe is to he le woundes / and the propertie of the iuyce is to drye vp / to prouoke slepe / and to make bodyes thicke and fast together / and to louse the bellye Two litle spounfuls of Aloe beat into pouder / and taken either with cold or with warme water / purgeth the stomake / stoppeth the vomitinge of blood / and purgeth the iaundes / taken in the quantite of a scruple and halfe with water / or a dram in drinke Thre drammes of Aloe taken make a iust purgation Mesue geueth in pouder or pilles from a dram and a halfe to two drammes / and in stepe or infuse from a dram and a halfe vnto thre drammes and a halfe Aloe mixed with other purgations helpeth that they hurt not the stomake / so much as they wold haue done if they had bene taken alone Aloe dryed / is sprinkled into woundes / and to make them growe together agayne / it bringeth sores to a skinne / and holdeth them in that they sprede no farther / it healeth specially the priuye members that haue sores and the skin of It ioyneth together agayne the skin that couereth the knoppe of boyes yeardes / if it be broken in sunder with maluesey It healeth riftes and hard lumpes that arise in the fundament / it stoppeth the ouer much issuynge of the emroddes / and burstinge out of bloode / it healeth also aguayles when they are cut of With honye it taketh awaye the blewe markes and tokens that come of beatinge or brusinge / it healeth the scabbie blere eyes / and the itche of the corners of the eye It stauncheth the head ache / laid vnto the temple and forhead with vinegre and rose oyle / with wine layd vnto the heade / It holdeth fast the heere that would fall of It is good for the swellinge in the kyrnelles vnder the tonge for the disease of the goumes / and all other diseases of the mouth layd to with wyne and honye Aloe is burnt in a cleane and burninge hote vessel / and is oft stirred with a fether / that it may be all alyke rosted / so it is a good medicine for sore eyes Some tyme it is washed that the sand maye go vnto the bottome Aloe washed is holsomer for the stomach / but it purgeth not so muche as vnwashed Aloe purgeth choler and fleme / it purgeth soner as Mesue sayth if it be taken before meate / and if there be menged with it / Mace / Clowes / Nutmegges / Cinnamum / Mastick / or Folfote Wine or rose water / or the iuyce of Fenel / wherein Aloe mixed with Dragons blood and myrre / healeth stinkinge and olde sores The same mixed with myrre / kepeth dead bodyes from corruptiō Aloe dissolued with the whyte of an egge / is a good emplaster to stop bloode both of the emrodes / and of any wounde or cuttinge Aloe is not good for them that are muche disposed to the emrodes / for it openeth the mouthes of the veynes It is also euil for them that are hote and drye of nature / but it is good for them that are moyst and cold Aloe is hote in the beginninge of the second degre / and drye in the third degre The best Aloe as Galene writeth commeth from Indye Of Chikewede Alsines CHikewede is called in Greke Alsine / and the Latines vse the same name / in Duche Vogelcraut or Mere / in Frenche Mauron The Pothecaries call it Morsum gallinae This herbe is so well knowen in al countres / that I nede not largelier to describe it
They that kepe littel byrdes in cages / when they are sycke / gyue the birdes of this herbe to restore them to their health againe The vertues of Chikewede THE poure of this herbe is to binde and to coole It is laid to the inflammations of the eyes with barlye mele and water The iuyce is also poured into the eares agaynste the payne of them This herbe is profitable for al thinge that Paritorye is good for It is good for all gatheringes and inflammationes both of blood and also of choler / if it be not extremely hote Of Henbayne HEnbayne is called in Latin Altercum and Apollinaris or Faba suilla in barbarous Latin Iusquiamus in Greke Hyosciamos in Duche Bilsen craut / in French De la henbane Henbayne hath thicke stalkes / broade leaues and longe / diuided / black and rough The floures come oute of the syde of the stalke in order as the floures of Pomgranates / compassed with the littel cuppes full of sede as poppye hath There are thre sortes of Henbayne / one wyth black sede with floures / almoste purple with the leaues of Frenche beanes / called Smilax / with vesselles hard and prickye The other sede is somethinge yelow as winter cresses is / the leaues and the coddes are more simple Both these two kindes make men madde and fall into a great slepe / and therefore they oughte not to be commonlye vsed Phisicianes haue receyued the thirde kinde as most gentle full of hore and softe with whyte floures and whyte sedes / and it groweth aboute the sea syde / and aboute gutters and ditches / aboute tounes and cyties / which if ye can not finde / take then it with the rede sede / and vse it I haue sene the whyte Henbayne growyng in Anwerpe in Peter Coudenbergis gardin / with manye other straunge herbes / not to be founde in anye other garden in low Germanye as I beleue The vertues IT that hath the black sede is the worst kinde and is not approued A certeyne iuyce is pressed in the sun oute of the freshe sede / stalkes and leaues brused / and when as the moysture is dryed vp / the vse of it dureth for a yeare / it falleth easely into daunger of corruption The iuyce is also drawen out of the drye sede / brused by it selfe / and layd in warme water / and then pressed out / is better and releaseth the payne soner then it with the milkye humour / that cometh out of the herbe by scotchinge or nickinge The grene herbe brused and mixed with wheat mele of thre monethes / is made into rounde littel cakes and so layde vp The firste iuyce and that whiche is drawen oute of the drye sede / are conueniently put in the medicines whiche swage payne / and they are good against quicke and hote issues / the paynes of the eares / and the diseases of the mother with wheat mele and barley mele / they staunche the inflammationes and burnings of the eyes of the fete / and of other partes The sede can do the same It is good for the cough / for catarres / runninges of the eyes and of the aykes The same with poppye sede about the weighte of ten graynes / is dronken with mede againste the excesse of weomens sicknes and anye other issue of blood that bursteth out It helpeth the goute and a mannes stones that are swelleth with winde / sore pappes / which are after a womans byrth / puffed vp / and do swell / if it be broken and layd to with wine They vse also to be put in other plasters which are ordeined to swage payne The leaues are very good to be put in al medicines / which take payne away / both by them selues and also with barly mele The grene leaues are layd to / to relese al kind of payne / iij. or iiij leues dronkē with wine / heale cold agues / wherin they that are sick / are both hote and colde at one time The rootes sodden in vinegre as for the tuthake The smoke of this herbe is good for the cough / if it be receyued into the mouth Plinye sayth that the oyle made of the sede of this herbe / put into a mannis eare / bringeth him out of his mind Also mo thē iiij of the leues dronken / do the same Henbayne is colde in the third degre Of Marrishe mallowe ALthea is called also Hibiscus Eniscus / of the potecaries Malua bis Maluauiscus in English Marrish mallow / or water mallow / in Duche Ibish / in Frenche Guimauues This herbe groweth naturallye in watery marrish middoes / and by water sides Althea or marrish mallow hath rounde leaues lyke vnto sowbreade / with a white doune vpon them / with a floure after the proportion of a rose / but in colour they are pale purple / much drawing nere vnto white / for the quantite of the herbe very smalle / with a stalke of two cubites high / with clammy rootes and whyte within Althea hath the name in Greke / because it is good for manye diseases It is called Marrishe mallowe in Englishe / because it groweth commonly in marrish ground and watery middoes By this description it is plain that our common holyoke is not Althea Althea The Vertues MArrish mallow / sodden in wine or mede / or brused layde on by it selfe / is good for woundes / for hard kirnels / swellinges wennes / for the burning swelling behind the eares / for impostemes / for the burning imposteme of the pappes / for the brusinge of the fundament / for windy swellinges / for the stifnes of the sinnewes / for it driueth awaye / maketh ripe or digesteth / bursteth and couereth with skin Seth it as is mencioned before / put swynes grese vnto it / or goosgrese / or Turpentine / that it may be clammy as an emplaster / and then it is good for the inflammations and stoppinges of the mother / if ye put it into the mother after a suppositorie wise The broth that the herbe is soddē in / is good for the same It draweth out also the burdens of the mother / and the secondes that abyde after the chyld The broth of the roote dronken with wine / helpeth them that cannot wel make water / the rawnes of them that haue the stone / the blody flixe / the sciatica / the trimbling of any membre / the burstinge Wash the mouth with the same herbe sodden in vinegre / and it will ease the payne of the teth The grene sede and the drye also broken / healeth frekelles and foule spottes / if they be anointed therewith in the sun They that are anoynted with the same with oyle vinegre / are in no daunger to be bitten of venemous beastes It is good against the bloody flixe / the vomiting of blood / the common flixe The same sede sodden in water and vinegre or wine /
not lyke a radice / although it haue certayne round knoppes / like one kinde of radice And it that Matthiolus setteth furth / hath rounder leaues / not so longe and indented as the leaues of a Ciche are Let learned men examine both / and take it for Astragalo / which agreeth with the hole description best The Vertues of Astragalus THE roote of Astragalus dronken with wine / stoppeth the fluxe of the bellye / and maketh a man to make water It is good to put the pouder of this herbe into olde sores It stoppeth bloode but it is so harde / that it can not well be beaten Of Areche AReche or Oreche is called in Latin Atriplex / in Greke Atraphaxis and Chrysolachanon / in Duche Molten or Milten / in Frenche Arroches or Bones dames Areche is of two kindes / the one is garden Areche / which groweth onelye in gardines / the other kinde is called in Englishe Wilde Areche / and it groweth abroade in the Corne feldes Areche is moyste in the seconde degre / and colde in the fyrste The Vertues of Areche Atriplex AReche softeneth the bellye / and ether rawe or sodden / it driueth awaye shallow sores / which are broad and not depe / called in Latin Pani The sede of this herbe with a certaine mede / made with water and honye / healeth the iaundies or guelsought Of Otes AVena is named in Greke Bromos / in Englishe Otes or Etes / or Hauer / in Duche Hauer or Haber / in Frenche Auoine There are two kindes of Otes / the one is called in English commonly Otes / and the other is called Egilops in Greke / and in Latin Auenasterilis / and in English wilde Otes Otes are of a colde and a stoppinge nature Otes are so well knowen / that I nede not to describe them There is an other kinde of Otes / called Pillotes / whiche growe in Sussex / it hath no husk abydinge vpon it / after that it is threshed / and is lyke Otemele This kinde groweth in no other countre that euer I could tell of / sauinge onelye in England / nether haue I rede in anye newe or olde Autor of this kinde The men of the countre where they growe / saye that they will not growe well in a fat grounde / but in a barun grounde / wherein no corne hath growen before Auena The Vertues of Otes OTes are good to make emplasteres of / as Barly is The gruel made of Otes / stoppeth the belly The iuyce of Otes in suppinges or brothes / is good for the cough Galene writeth that Otes do drye and measurablye disperse abroade wythoute anye bytinge / if they be layd vnto anye place Of Baccharis / supposed to be Sage of Hierusalem BAccharis is a well sauoring herbe / vsed to be put in garlandes / whose leues are sharp / and haue a meane bignes betwene the Violet leafe / and the leafe of Mollen The stalke is full of crestes corners about a cubit height / some thinge sharp / not without litle braunches growynge out of it / the floure is purple / and somethinge whyte / and well smelling The rootes are like black Hellebore rootes / and the smell of them / is lyke Cinnamum I haue sought muche to finde this herbe whiche the Latines call Baccharis But I could neuer finde anye that did so wel agre wyth the description of Baccharis / as doth the herbe that we call in English Sage of Hierusalem / and the Potecaries Pulmonoria If any man can find any herbe to whome the description of Baccharis agreeth better to / then to this herbe / will I gyue places / in the meane season I will take this for Baccharis / vntil I finde a better Sage of Hierusalem groweth aboute Collen in woddes in greate plentye Matthiolus sheweth an other herbe for Baccharis / to whom if the description of Baccharis doth agre better then to it that I set furth I will gyue place vnto him / when I shall se the herbe that he describeth In the meane tyme I haue set out it that I can finde to be most lykest vnto Baccharis in England and in Germanye The Vertues of Baccharis THE roote of Baccharis soddē in water / doth helpe it that is drawē together bursten it is also good for thē that haue fallen frō aboue / are brused for thē that are short wynded / for an old cough / for thē that can not make water well It driueth doune weomens syckenes It is good to be geuen in wyne agaynst the bytinges of serpentes It is good for weomen in chyldbed to sit ouer The leaues as they be astringent / are good to laye to the heade for the head ake / for the inflammation of the eyes / for the brestes or pappes that swell to much after the byrth / for the impostemes of the corners of the eyes when they begin first / and burninges / and inflammationes The sauour maketh a man slepe Of stinkinge Horehounde Ballote STynking Horehound is named in Greke Ballote / in some Greke bokes Megaprasion / and other Melanprasiō / of the Latines Marrubium magnum / or Marrubium nigrum / in Duche Stinking Andorne / in Frenche Marrubium noir It is called also in English Black horehound Ballote hath foursquare stalkes / blacke / and somthynge rough / manye growyng furth of one roote / wyth greater leaues then Horehounde / rough / a space goynge betwene some thinge rounde / lyke vnto Apiastrum / we cal Baume wherfore some call it Apiastrum / that is Baume / whyte floures do compasse the stalke about after the maner of whorles The Vertue of stincking Horehounde THE leaues of this herbe layd to with salt / are good for the bitinge of a dogge If the leaues be layd in asshes whilse they faide a litle / they stop the swelling lumpes that ryse in the fundament with hony also they purge fylthy and foule woundes Of Bockes bearde GOates beard is called in Greke Tragopogon or Kome / in Latin Barba hirci / in Duch Bocks bard / in Frēch barbe de bouc Dioscorides describeth gotes bearde thus Tragopogon hath a short stalke / leaues like vnto Saffron / and a long roote which is swete / out of the stalke cōmeth furth a great heade / in whose top is black sede or fruyt / whervpon it hath the name geuē this is the text of Dioscorides / but I do suspecte that Dioscorides text is corrupted / for I thinke that he wold neuer say that this herbe should be called buckes beard / because it hath a black sede or fruyte for what hath a white fruite or a black to do with the liknes of a bockes beard nothing at al. Therfore where as Dioscorides texte is corrupt / it is best to amend it with the texte of Theophrastus / of whom he borrowed altogether this description Thē where as Dioscorides sayth / out of the toppe commeth out a blacke sede /
goo It healeth also sodden in water / the burstinge out of wheles / the burninge that commeth by fyre / the burninge inflammationes that come of choler or hote bloode The iuyce of Betes doth metelye well scoure awaye / and some tyme causeth the belly to be louse / and twitcheth and byteth the stomake / specially in them that haue a stomache ready to fele a thynge redelye / wherefore it is a meate noysome vnto the stomache / if it be muche eaten It norisheth but litle as other pot herbes or wurtes do Yet is it good wyth vinegre for the stoppinge of the lyuer and the milt Betes are of two contrarye natures The iuyce is hote and stoppeth the bellye / and engendreth thyrst But hys body is of grosse partes / windye / colde / harde of digestion Of Betonye Betonica BEtonye is called in Latin Betonica / in Greke Kestron or Psychotropon / in Duche Betonien / in Frenche Betoine or Betoisne Betonye hath a small stalke / a cubite longe or longer / foursquared / wyth a leafe softe / longe / indented about / and lyke vnto an oke lefe / well smellinge / and greater nere the roote In the toppes of the stalkes is sede in a longe head like an eare / as some kinde of Saueray hath It hath small rootes as Hellebor hath The Vertues of Betonye THE rootes of Betonye dronken in mede / drawe oute muche fleme by vomyt The leaues ought to be layd on partes that are burstē and drawen together / and they are good for weomen that haue the disease of the mother / to releise the stranglinge of the mother / in the quantite of a dramme wyth water and honye Thre drammes are to be dronken in xviij vnces of wyne agaynst the bytinges of serpentes The herbe is good to be layde as an emplaster vpon woundes made by venemous beastes A dramme of thys herbe dronken wyth wyne / is good agaynst deadly poyson If thys herbe be taken afore / and it chaunce a man afterward to drinke poyson / as Dioscorides writeth / it shall not hurt him It helpeth to make water It looseth the bellye / and if it be dronken with water / it healeth the fallinge syckenes / and them that are mad And wyth vinegre and honye / it healeth them that are sycke in of the diseases the lyuer or milte / if it be taken in the quantite of a dramme It helpeth digestion taken in the quantite of a Bean / after supper with sodden honye After the same maner it is good for them that belche oute a soure brethe It is good for them that are diseased in the stomache / both to be eaten / and the iuyce of it to be dronken / if they drinke afterward wyne delayed with water It is gyuen in the quantite of a scruple and a halfe / in two vnces of colde wyne delayed wyth water to them that spitt bloode In water it is good for the Sciatica / and for the ache of the bladder and kidneys It is good to be taken in the quantite of two drammes wyth water and honye for the dropsey / if the pacient haue an ague If he haue none / it is best to gyue it for the dropseye in wyne mixed with honye It helpeth them that haue the iaundis Betonye taken in the quantite of a dramme wyth wyne / draweth doune a womannes sickenes Foure drammes taken in a pint and a halfe of mede or honye water / maketh a purgacion It is also good for the Tysick / and for them that spitt matter or corrupcion out of the longes / if it be receyued wyth honye The leaues vse to be dryed and broken / and so kept in an earthen pott Thus muche doth Dioscorides write of Betonye / and Galene confirmeth thesame / writinge on thys wyse Betonye hath the power to cut in sunder / as the taste iudgeth / for it is somethynge bitter / and a litle bytinge / the whyche thynge hys operacion particularlye done / doth testifye For it deuideth insunder stones in the kydneys / and it purgeth and scoureth the longes / breste and lyuer It bringeth doune to weomen their syckenes / and suche other operaciones hath it whiche Dioscorides hath made mention of Plinye writeth that wyne and vinegre made wyth Betonye / are good for the stomach / and the clerenes of the eyes Of Paulis Betonye PAulis Betonye is much differing from Dioscorides Betonye / as Paulus witnesseth hys selfe It hath small braunches lyke vnto Peny ryall / but smaller / whiche if ye do tast of / it hath allmoost no qualite that ye can perceyue / Gesner supposeth that Veronica whiche is called in English Fluellin / is Paulis Betony but the manifest bitternes of it / wil not suffer it so to be But the herbe whyche I do set furth here in thys figure / hauinge both leaues and stalkes so / lyke Peneryal / that manye doth oft gather it for Peneryall / and beynge withoute all qualite whyche can be perceyued in taste / sauinge onelye a verye littel bitternes / after my iudgement is the true Paulis Betonye Thys herbe groweth in Sion gardine / and in diuerse woddes not far from Sion wyth a whyte floure mixed wyth blewe / and wyth a sede lyke vnto Bursa pastoris Betonica Pauli The Properties of Paulis Betonye PAulus Egineta / who onelye writeth of thys herbe / telleth no other good propertye of this herbe / but that it is good for the diseases of the kidneys Of Birche Betula BIrche is called in Latin Betula / or as some write Betulla / in Greke Semyda / in Duche Birckbaum / in French Boulean or Beula I finde nothinge of the Birche tre in Dioscorides / but thus do I finde written of the Birche in Plinye The Sorb or Serince tre loued cold places / and yet doth the Birche tre loue colde places better This Frenche tre is of a wounderfull whytenes / and of no lesse smalnes / greatly fearfull to many / because the officeres make roddes of it Thesame is good to make hoopis of / and twigges for baskettes / it is so bowinge The Frenche men set out of it a certain iuice or suck / otherwyse called Bitumē I haue not red of anye vertue that it hath in Physick Howbeit / it serueth for many good vses / and for none better then for betinge of stubborne boyes / that ether lye or will not learne Flechers make pricke shaftes of Birche / because it is heauier then Espe is Byrders take bowes of this tre / and lime the twigges and go a batfolinge with them Fisherers in Northumberland pyll of the vttermoste barke / and put it in the clyft of a sticke / and set it in fyre / and hold it at the water syde / and make fishe come thether / whiche if they se / they stryke with their leysters or sammonsperes other vse of Byrche tre knowe I none Matthiolus writeth that some men holde / that if
lytle but what shoulde be the cause of this diuersyte or what nature meaneth in this thinge / surelye I can not tel Thus farre hath Tragus wryten of the brake seede But as he hath not tolde wherfore the sede is good / euen so haue I no experyence as yet wherfore it is good / sauynge that I do gether by no vayne cōiecture / that in healynge of dyuers grefes / it is of greater poure and strengthe then ether the roote or leaues be The vertues of the male ferne THe roote of the male ferne dryueth oute the brode wormes of the bellye / if yowe take it in the quātyte of foure drames of mede / otherwyse called hunyed water / but it will worke more effectuallye if ye take it with xij graynes of Diagredy or Scamonye / or blacke Hellabor / but they that receyue this medicine / had nede to take garlyke before / and it is good for them that haue a swelled mylte / The roote is good to be dronken / and also to be laide to in playstre wyse for the wondes that are made wyth an arrowe of reede / wherof they saye this is the tryall The ferne will peryshe / if ye sett reedes rounde aboute it in good plentye / And lyke wyse the reede will vanyshe awaye if ye compasse him aboute wyth ferne rounde aboute The rootes of the femall ferne taken wyth honye after the maner of an electuarye / dryue brode wormes oute of the gutter if they be dronken wyth wyne / in the quantyte of three drammes / they dryue oute rounde wormes They are not good to be geuen vnto women whiche wolde haue manye children / nether are they good to go muche ouer for women that are alredye wyth childe The powdre of them is good to be sprynkled vpon moyste soores whiche are harde to be couerid wyth a skynne / and ill to be healid It is a good remedye for the neckes of suche beastes as are accustomed to the yokes / Somme vse to seth the grene leafes of Brakes wyth other wortes or pot herbes / to receaue them to soften their bellye wythall The later wryters do affirme that the juyce whiche is pressyd oute of a Ferne roote / laide to wythe rose water / or wythe other colde water / if ye can gett no rose water / is good for all maner of burnynges and skaldinges / but ye muste two or three tymes streine the water powdre together / and then it will be slymye / and then it is perfectlye good for the purposes aboue rehersed / when as no other remedye will helpe as men of experience do testyfye This is a maruelous nature that the Ferne hath namelye the male / that if a man cut the roote of it in the myddes / it will shewe of eche syde a blacke egle wyth two heades oute of white / Plinye also wrytith / that if the roote of the Ferne be broken and laide to / pulleth furth the sheuer of a reede that styckith in the fleshe / and lykewyse that the roote of the reede laide to / pullyth furth to sheuers of a Brake that is in the fleshe Of Polypodys or Vuallferne or Okeferne Polipodium Filicula Polipody or Vualferne or Okeferne FIlicula is called in Greke Polipodiū / in Englyshe Polipodium or Walle ferne / in Duche Engelsaet / or engelsuß / in Frēche Polipode It groweth in ake trees in olde walles It dryeth whythoute bitinge Dioscorides sayeth that Polipodium groweth in mossye walles / and in olde bodies or bellyes of trees / and speciallye of okes / it is of a spann length / and lyke vnto a ferne / somethinghe roughe / but not so finelye deuided / the roothe is full of heares wherein are cōteyned certayne lōge thinges lyke the feet or claspers of the fyshe / called Polipus / they are of the thicknes of a mans lytle fingre / grene wythin and somethinge russet The vertues of Polipodium oute of Dioscorides POlipodiū hath the poure and vertue to purge It is good to be geuen sodden wyth a henn / or wyth fishe / or wyth betes / or with mallowes to make a purgation The poudre of the roote myxed wyth mede / dothe purge coler fleme it is excedinge good to be laide one those membres that are oute of ioynte / and agaynste the chappes or ryfles that are in the fingers The vertues of Polipodium oute of Mesue POlipodiū is the roote of an herbe that groweth vpō stones trees / whiche the Grecianes call Dendropterim / that is tree Ferne. It that groweth vpō the stones is full of superfluous / rawe / and wyndye moysture / whiche ouerturneth the stomacke It is better that groweth vpon trees / namelie / suche as bare acornes or maste / speciallye yf it be great / sownde / freshe well fastened together / full of knottes wythoute blackyshe redde grene wythin as fistikes be / with a swete taste / astringent / somethinge bitter and somthinge spicie It scowreth away grosse tough humors it maketh rype dryeth vp It purgeth ye euē from the iointes / melācholy or grosse / or towgh fleme It is good for these causes for all diseases that aryse of melācholi as the quartayne yf it be taken wyth mede / doder of tyme salt Indian Al maner of wayes it is good for the colike and for the hardnes of the mylt Polypody drieth lesseth or thinneth the body To auoyde that / that shall not bringe the stomacke to vomitinge / it must be geuen wyth mede or barly water / or the brothe of rasines / or wyth the broth of cockes / or hēnes / or sodden wyth whay It is good to drinck it mixed wyth well sauoringe sede / and other spycye thinges as anise / carua / fenell / ginger / and suche lyke that cōforte the lyffe or the naturall power of the stomacke Polypody can byde lōge sethinge inough It maye be geuen from ij drames vnto six Thus farmesue / an vnce an halffe of our Englishe Polypody will scarsely purge / som vse to drye the rote / to geue a drā of the powder at the lest for a purgatiō / bid the patient after it iiij houres The stylled water of Polipodiū as Tragus wryteth / is good for the quartayne / for the cowgh / for that short winde / against melancholye / against greuous and heun dreame / if it be drōkē certaine cōtynuall dayes together But I thinke that the wine that the rotes are soddē in / made a lytle swete wyth sugger or hony / shoulde worke muche better / for the aboue named purposes / then the water / whych of whatsoeuer herbe it be of / hath no suche strengh as the juice and broth of the same herbe Is ther any water better then rose water is / and hath more strēgh of the rose / and yet ij vnces of the iuice of roses / worketh more in purgynge / thē xvj of water
Wherfore I can not so muche commende the distilled waters of herbes as I do the iuice and brothes / of the same / wherin the herbes are sodden Of fenel FEniculū is called in Greke Marathrō / in Englishe fenel or fenkel / in Duche finchell / in Frenche fenonil Fenel is a great a lōge herbe / somtyme higher then a man / the stalke is great and full of ioyntes / the leaues are very lōge and small / the flour is yelow / the top is lyke vnto the top of dill / the sede groweth thick in the top wythout any coueringe / it is somthinge croked lyke a horne / the outsyde of it is full of gutters and crestes / the rout is longe and white The properte of Fenell out of Dioscorides FEnell / if the leaues be eaten / or yf the sede be dronken wyth a ptisame filleth weomens papes wyth milke / the brothe of the toppes of the leaues is good to lay vnto the back / for the ake in the kidnees / for it dryueth furth water It is good to be drōkē in wine against the bytynge of serpentes It prouoketh flowres / in an agew drōken wyth colde water / it slaketh the lothsunnes / and the heate of the stomacke The rotes of fenel brokē / and layde to wyth hony / are good agaynst the bitynge of a dogge The iuice whiche is pressed out of the stalke leaues / and dryed in the sonne / is put vnto those medicines that clere and bryghe the eysight In som places men vse to cut the stalke of fenell / and to take out of it a iuice like a gumme whiche is verye good for the eyes Out of Macer FEnell prouoketh men to the procreation of childer / the serpētes chow this herbe / and purge and clere theyr eyes therwyth / wherof learned mē dyd gather that it shoulde also be good for mans eyes The iuice of fenell put into a mans eares / killeth the wormes therin the vse of fenell wyth wyne is good against the swellynge of the dropsye It is also good both Feniculum Fenell or Fenkell for diseases of the liuer and the longes The broth that the rootes of fenell is sodden in / wheter it be wather or wine / is good for the diseases of the bladder and kidnens It dryueth furth water / if it be layed vpon the belly a litle aboue the priuites The broth of the rote helpeth the ake of the yearde / if it be therwyth bathed It will do the same put vnto oyle and layde to seth fenel and vineger together / and it will swag any swellinge that cometh sodēly by bytynge The sede stirreth mankind to the procreation of childer And the same is good for a pleuresy / and so is the broth of the herbe Autours wryte that serpentes waxe yonge agayne by tastinge and eatynge of this herbe / wherfore sum thinke that the vse of the herbe therfore is very mete for aged folke Out of Aetius FEnell is so hote that it may be rekened to be hote in the thyrde degre / and it drieth in the first degre / and therfore it engendreth milke Of Fenegreke FEnum grecum is called in Greke Telis / in Englishe Fenegreke in Duche Bucks horne / in Frēche Fenecreke It groweth in Italy and Germany This herbe is also called in Greke Keratitis / that is horned / aigōkeros / that is gotis horne / and bonkeros that is cowishorne / it is also called in latin siliqua / silicia silicula Fenegreke runneth vp wyth small lytle braunches stalkes / whiche are rede / the lefe is lyke vnto trifoly thre leaued grasse The flour is lytle whyte / the sede is rede / it is conteyned in a long cod / lyke a horne / the rote is rounde and sūthinge longe The vertues of Fenegreke out of Dioscorides THe flour or meale of Fenegreke hath power to soften / to driue away The same soddē in mede / if it be layed to / is good both against inwarde and outwarde inflāmations or burnynges wyth salpeter Fenum Grecum Fenegreck and vineger it minisheth the milt the iuice of the broth is good for womās diseases / if they sit in it and be bathed therwith / whether the mother is stopped or is swelled The broth that it is sodden in / streyned and layde to the head / purgeth the here scoureth awaye scurf the runnyngh sores of the heade / if that the naturall place of conception be harde and streyte by reason wherof sum women bringe furth ther childer with great ieperdy if ye mixe Fenegreke and gose fat / and put them together in the conuenient place / accordynge vnto the discretiō of an honest midwyff enlargeth and softeneth it If it be layde to grene with vineger / it is good for raw places that haue the skynne of The droth of it is good agaynst the often vaine desyre of goinge to stole / and agaynst the stinkinge fylthe of the blody flix The oyle that is pressed out of it of myrtilles / scoureth away the starres of the priuitees Of Strauberries FRagraria is called in Englishe a Strawberye leafe / whose frute is called in Englishe a strawbery / in Latin Fragū / in Duche Erdber / in Frenche Fraisue The strawbery rynneth vpon the grounde / and hath a litle roughe stalke / and in the toppe of it growe whyte floures / after the whych floures be gone / ther growe berries / whiche are grene first / Fragraria Strauuberrie and afterward rede The leafe is indētid / alwayes thre of them grow together / the rote is in som place blake and som place redyshe The vertues of Strawberries STrawberies leaues taken in meate / helpeth thē that are diseased in the milt / so doth also the iuice dronkē wyth hony The same is good to be geuen wyth peper for them that are short winded Strawberryes quenche thirst / and are good for a cholerike stomack Ther is a iuice pressed out of strawberries / whiche by cōtinuance of tyme encreaseth in strēgh / and that is a present remedy against the sores and wheales of the face / against the blodshotten eyes The brothe of the rothe swageth the heate of the liuer / dronken the morninge eueninge Many vse this herbe to ioyne together grene woundes / to stoppe laxes / and ishewes of women / to strenghehen the gūmes / to take away the sores or wheales of the mouth / and the stinkinge of the same The frut semeth to haue som warmenes in it / but the leafe is colde Of the Ashe tree THe tre is called in Latin fraxinus / in Greke melia / is named in Englishe an ashe tree / in Duche ein Esch baum / in Frēche fraisne as Theophrastus wryteth there are two kyndes of ashes / of the whiche the one is verye high tawllē / the wood of it is whyte / hath as it were grosse
cresses / or sciatica cresses / because the herbe is good for the sciatica The vertues of wilde cresses GAther in somer good plentye of this roote / for then it hath most vertue / and bete it harde / for it requireth muche betinge / and mix it wyth swines gresse / and bete them in a morter well / till they be both come into one body / then if any man or woman haue any paine in the hauche or huckelbone / binde this oyntment vpon the place that aketh if it be in a woman / for the space of two houres if it be in a man / for the space of iiij houres / nether shall ye mixe or put any oile to it But it alone prouoke the patient to swete a litle / and then let him go into a bath / and bid him abide patiently there the bitinge of the ointment continewe a while therein / and when he is well bathed / then let hym out / and after that he becomed fourth / let hym put a good deale of oile to a litle wine and anoynte the diseased place withall / and afterwarde that the place is made clene and the fat is scoured awaye / couer the diseased place wyth warme woole / and if any grudge of the same disease chance to rise againe / let hym vse the fore saide medicin againe after the same maner many haue bene brought in by other meÌ„ into the bath / beinge lame / by the sciatica / whiche after they haue vsed this ointment and bath / haue commed out by theÌ„ selues stronge and lustye The minde of Galene in this matter DEmocrates vsed the same medicine after the same maner against the olde and longe heade ache / and against all olde diseases of the body / and against palseis / against suche diseases as can not be healed wyth out blystringe mustarde plasters / he saith / that he healed therwyth all that were sicke in that disease / whiche he toke in haÌ„de Archigenes saith also in his seconde boke of medicines after the kinde / that Iberis whiche he calleth Lepidium / is good for theÌ„ that are sicke in the milt / or greued wyth the sciatica Hipparcus also wryteth / that Iberis is good for the sciatica for the extreme colde After this maner gather that herbe Iberis / whiche some call Lepideum or wilde cresse / and stampe it wyth swynes gresse after the maner of an emplaster / laye it to the akinge place for the space of iij. howres / and then let the patient go into a bath afterwardes / and this will hâ—lpe him / ye may vse the same remedy against the olde heade ache / as Democrates the Phisiciane in his verses doth testify The vertues of Iberis out of Dioscorides THe rootes of Iberis are burninge hote / they are good against the sciatica / wyth salted swines grece / laide to the place after the maner of an emplaster / for the space of iiij howres / but the patient must afterwarde go into a bath / and after that he must anoynt the place and couer it wyth woll This herbe is hote and drye in the seconde degre at the least Of Cycory and Endiue Intubus Intubum satiuum angustifolium INtubus whiche is named in Greke seris / is of two sortes / the one is called Intubus hortensis / and the other is called intubus syluestris Intubus hortensis is also of two sortes / the one is called Endiue or white Endiue / and the other is called garden succory Intubus syluestris is of two sortes / the one is called in Latin Cichorium / and in Englishe succory or hardewes / and the other is called of Theophrasstus Aphaca / of Plinie Hedipnois / in Englishe DaÌ„delion or priestes crowne / in Duche pfaffenblat Seris / is of two kindes / the one is wilde as Dioscorides wryteth / and it is called picris and cichorium / and the other kinde is of the gardin / and it hath broder leaues / the wilde is better for the stomacke then the garden is / the garden endiue is also of two kindes / the one hath brode leaues lyke vnto lettis and the other hath narrower leaues / which hath a bitter taste The vertues of Cycory and Endiue BOth Endiue and Cycoâ—y coul binde together / and are very good for the stomacke The herbe sodden and taken wyth vinegre / stoppeth the belly The wilde is better for the stomacke / for if it be eateÌ„ / it swageth the burninge stomacke that is feble It is good to lay the herbes ether by them selffe or wyth polenta perched barley to the place conuenient for the disease called Cardiaca passio They are good for the gout and the inflaÌ„mationes of the eies if they be laide to The herbes laide to emplasterwise wyth the roote / are good against the stinginge of a scorpion wyth perched barley / the herbe is good against the cholerike inflammationes called of som saint Antonies fier The iuice of these herbes wyth whyte leade vinegre / are good to be laide vnto suche places to haue nede of coolynge Of Elecampane INnula is called in Greke Helenion / in Englishe Elecampane or AlecaÌ„pane / in duche Alantzwurtz / in Frenche and in the poticaries shoppis Enula campana ElecaÌ„pane hath leaues like vnto mullen / but muche narower / sharper and longer In some places / it putteth furth no stalke / it hath a roote vnder / som thinge whyte / and som thinge redishe / and it hath a good sauor / it is som thinge bytinge / well growen / and of a great bignes out of the whiche come certaine buddinge knoppes / whiche may be sowen after the maner of lylye or aron The vertues of Elecampane THe broth of the rote dronken driueth furth vrine and flowers Elecampane taken in an Electuary wyth hony is good for the cough / for shortnes of breth / for places bursten and shronken together / for windenes and for the bytinge of serpentes The leaues / if they be sodden in wine / are good to be laide vnto the Enula Campana sciatica Elecampane seasoned and layde vp in maluasey / is good for the stomacke / the succot makers and saucemakers / take the roote and drye it a lytle first / and then seth it / and afterwarde stepe it in colde water / and laye it vp in sodden wine for diuerse vses The roote broken and dronken / is very good against the spittinge of blode Of the herbe called in Latin Irio DIuerse learned men haue diuerse opiniones of the herbe that is called in Latin Irio / and in Greke Erysimon Fuchsius rekeneth that the herbe whiche we call in Englishe Carloke or charloke / or wild cole / to be Ireo Dioscorides Ruellius iudgeth that the herbe whiche we call in Englishe female veruine / is Irio / Gerardus Delwike rekeneth that the herbe that is called in Duche winter cresses / or whiche we may call in Englishe bank
dronken with peper myr / it bryngeth downe floures If it be takē with the kyrnelles of grapes / it stoppeth the belly If it be gyuē with lieghe / it is good for places that are sodenly shronken together and bursten It is resolued or melted with bitter al mondes / or with rue / or hoote brede for to make drinkes of it The iuice of the leues will do the same / but not so effectually It is good to be chowed with oximell or with hony and vinegre to help the throte / when as the voice is horse or dulle It is sayde that there is an other Magudaris in Lybia / and that the root is lyke Laserpitio / but that it is not so thyck / sharp and spongous / out of whiche no iuice floweth furth It hath like vertu with Laserpitio If a man will compare these vertues with them that the later writers gyue to maisterwurt or pillitori of Spayn / he shal fynde that there is as great agrement betwene theyr properties / as is betwene theyr formes descriptiones But of thys mater I intende God willyng to speake more largely an other time Of the herbe called Lathyris LAthyris putteth furth a stalck of the length of a cubit / and a fingre thyck / and holow within There grow in the top thynges lyke wynges / and there grow out of the stalcke / longe leaues lyke almondes leaues / but broder and smother They that are in the hyghest toppes / are found lesse / in the licknes of Arestolochia or of a long Iuy lefe It bringeth furth Lathyris fruite in the top in the hyghest branches / whyche is notable by the reason of iij. cases or vesselles that the sede is in The fruite is round as capers / where in are cōteyned rounde cornes diuided one from an other / by filmes that rynne betwene The sedes are bigger thē greate bitter tares called erua / roūde And whē the barckis takē from thē / they are whyte and swete in taste All the hole bushe is full of milck / as the herbe called Tithymalus is Thys description agreeth well with the herbe whiche is called in Englishe spurge / in Duch springkraut / in Frenche espurge / of the apothecaries catapucia minor / not bycause it is little / but because it is lesse then ricinus / whiche is called catapucia maior But the figure whiche that Matthiolus setteth for Lathyri / agreeth not with this description For the leaues are not very lyke almonde leues / nether broder then they be But perauenture hys karuer hath begyled hym as karuers and paynters haue begyled o / ther men before this tyme. The vertues of spurge out of Dioscorides SYxe or seuen granes of spurge taken in pilles with figges or dates / purge the belly But he that hath taken them / must afterwarde drynck cold water They draw down choler / fleme / water The iuice taken out / as the iuice of Tithymal is taken furth / and dressed / hath the same workyng The leues are sodden with a cock for the same purpose Out of Actuarius SPurge purgeth thynne fleme vehemently Fiftene of the greater cornes / are geuen at ones / and xx of the lesse cornes They that wolde be effectually purged / let them chow them Let thē that desyre not to be so gretely purged / swalow them hole ouer specially / if he that taketh them haue a weke stomacke Aetius hath the same wordes and sentence of Lathyris that Actuarius hath Wherefore it appereth that Actuarius a later writer then Aetiu◠/ took it that he wrote out of Aetius of the herbe called Lauer or Sion SIon otherwise called lauer / is foūd in waters / with a fat bushe ryght vp with brode leues / lyke vnto the herbe called Hipposelino / but lesse well smellyng The herbe called in som place of Englād belragges / agreeth in al poyntes with this description But so doth not the herbe called in Englishe brooklyme / in Duche bauch pung / for when as Sion is described to be a ryght vp growyng herbe with leues lyke hyposelino broock lyme crepeth moste comēly by the grounde and hath a lefe nothynge lyke vnto hipposelino Wherfore Amatus gyueth an vnryght duche name vnto Siō / when he calleth it bauchbungē or pūgen / as the Duche mē also did before hym of whome he learned to call Sion bauchbungē I meruell that Matthiolus maketh Syon with sedes in litle coddes / when all the Syon that euer I could ether se / in England / Germany / or Itali / had euer sede in the top after the maner of Persely / with out any coddes Wherfore I reken that his Syon is not the ryght Sion Syō is not only so lyke a kynde of Selinon / called hipposelinon or olus atrum in the leues as Dioscorides writeth / but also so lyke Selino or Apio in the stalck and top / sede / that som haue taken it for Elioselino / and haue named it waterpersely Whiche name were good to be receyued in England that the herbe myght the better ther by be knowē / thē bi the name of belragges The vertues of water Persely THe leues of Syon ether raw or sodden / if they be taken in / they breake the stone and dryue it furth They moue men to make water They are good to help women to theyr sycknes They are also good for to help the byrth to come furth If they be taken in mete / they are also good for the blody flix The Laurel or Baytre LAurus is named in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Englishe a Bay tre or a Laurel tre / in Duche ein lorben baum / in Frenche vng laurier The leaues of the Bay tre are alwayes grene / and in figure and fashon they are lyke vnto scala celi / and to periwincle They are long and brodest in the middest of the lefe They are blackishe grene / namely when they are olde They are curled about the edges / they smell well And when they are casten vnto the fyre / they crake wonderfully The tre in England is no great tre / but it thryueth there many partes better and is lustier then in Germany The berries are allmoste round / but not alltogether The kirnell is couered with a thick black barke / which may well be parted from the kirnell The vertues of the bay tre and it that groweth out of it THe bay leaues haue the vertue and strengthe to hete / and to soften / wherefore the broth of them is good to sit in / for the diseases of the mother and of the blader The grene leues of the bay tre binde som thyng And if they be layd to when they are broken / they he le the styngyng of bees / and waspes The same layd to with perched barley and brede / swage al inflāmationes or hoote burninges / but if they be dronken / they make all that is in
of Myrtilles Whereof I haue sene one / whē I was in Bononi it hath fiue tymes as litle leues as it that is set furth of Matthiolus for the comen sett Myrt tre And that kynde did I also se in monte Appēnino / but they that shewed it me / called it Myrtum syluestrem / and it with the small leues / which is in dede Myrtus satiua tarantina only Myrtum satiuam But I rather holde in thys mater with Matthiolus / then with them that hold of the contrari parte Allthough I thynk that Matthiolus hath paynted hys Ruscus with to lytle leues and hys Myrt tre with to great and brode leues in comparison of the other For Dioscorides in the description of the wild Myrte tre / which is called in Englishe bochers brome / maketh it to haue broder leues / then set Myrt hath I haue sene them both / doutles there is a faut in the smalnes of the leues of Ruscus as I intende to shew more largely when I shall com to the intreatyng of Ruscus The set or gardin Myrt tre / hath bowyng branches and twygges / a rede barck / lōge leues allwayes grene / somthyng like the leues of a Pomgranates leues In the whyte Myrte appere whiter leues / and in the black blacker They haue all whyte floures and well smellyng The sett or gardin Myrt trees haue greater frute then the wild haue Both the kyndes of Myrt trees haue lōge fruites / lyke vnto the fruites of the wilde Myrt tre but greater The vertues of the Myrt tre THe vertue of the Myrte tre / of the sede of the same / is to bynde The grene / or dry sede / is good to be geuen in mele to thē that spit bloode / it helpeth the prickyng of the blader The iuice pressed out of the grene leues / hath the same vertue It is good for felde spyders And in wyne it is good for the styngyng of a scorpion The brothe of Myrtelles soddē in wyne / helpeth the sores that aryse in the vttermoste membres The same layde to with the flour of perched barley / swageth the inflāmationes of the eyes It is good to be layde to agaynst the impostemes of the corners of the eye If ye put the sede into wyne and hete it ther in / it will be good for them that haue weyk braynes to saue them from dronkennes / so that the wyne that is streyned / be taken a fore hād The bathe made with the sede of the myrt tre is good for the falling down of the mother / for the diseases of the fundamēt / for the isshue that weomē haue som tyme to muche plenty of It scoureth away scourf or scalles in the hede / the rynnyng sores in the hede / and the wheles that burst out in the hede It stayeth the heyr that falleth of The bath that is made of the leues of the Myrte tre / is good to sit in / for them that haue membres out of ioynte / whiche fasten and grow together very slowly Also if bones be broken / and will not easely be ioyned / and fastened together agayn / it is good to bath them with the brothe aboue mentioned It healeth the whyte morphew / and it is good to be poured into matery eares that ryn The iuice hath the same vertue The leues broken and layd to with water / ar good for moyst sores / and for all partes of the body hauyng any isshue / and for them that haue the lax If ye put to it the oyle made of vnrype olyues / or a lytle rose oyle with wine / they ar good for tetters or crepinge sores / for the wildfyre / for the inflammatione of the stones / for the sores or isshue in the eyes / that darken the syght for harde lumpes The pouder of the withered leues / is good to be cast vpon the whitflaw / aguayles It is good agaynst the styngkyng that commeth of to muche swete / in the flankes and armholes It stayeth the swetyng of them that haue the disease which is called cardiaca passio The raw leues / or elles burnt with a trete made of wex / heal burnyng whit flawes and aguayles Out of the later writers THe brothe of Myrtilles or Myrte sedes / with butter stoppeth to muche swetyng The Myrt leues comfort the hart / and take away the trymlyng of the same The iuice is good for the burnyng of the blader kydnees An emplaster made of Myrtelles is good for the pyles the fallyng out of the fundamēt Let the apothecaries phisiciones / and surgeanes of England take hede / that they vse no more as they haue don in tymes paste / the litle bushe the groweth in the sennes in the stede of the ryght Myrt tre / but let thē cause the right Myrtelles Myrt leues be brought vnto them out of Itali / where as is of them plenty inough to be had Many of the apocaries of Germany haue erred an other way in the Myrt tre / in takyng the bleberries or hurtel berries in the stede of the Myrte tre Of the herbe called Napus DIoscorides hath not described vnto vs the herbe called Napus / nether Pliny in any place that I haue red as yet He maketh v. kyndes of Napus but Matthiolus Fuchsius ech of thē makethe no mo but ij kyndes Yet they diuide theyr kyndes diuersely For Matthiolus diuideth Napū into the whyte and the yelow And Fuchsius diuideth it into the set or sown / into the wilde Napus is named in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but not bunion / in Duche Steckrub / in Frenche nauet / I know no Englishe name for it / as it is no meruel / seyng that I neuer saw the ryght Nape growyng in England It may be called a Nape or a yelow rape vntill we fynde out the olde Englishe name for it The Nape hath leues lyke vnto a rape but smother / indented about the edges after the maner of rocket It hath a round stalk of a cubit hight / Napus Napus agrestis som tyme hygher / a yelow flour lyke vnto Cole / a sede in long coddes or small long huskes The root is som thing long and so rounde as a rape roote is / and comonly in Germany it is yelowish It with the whyte roote is not gretely vsed in Germany The vertues of the Nape THe roote of Nape or Nauet as the Frence men call it / soddē / bredeth wynde / norissheth but litle The sede of the Nape / dulleth poyson if it be dronkē It is muche vsed to be put into triacles preseruatiues Napes at hote moyste / they brede wynde raw fleme They sharpe the sede / smoothe the breste / throte / they hete the kydnes Galen semeth to conteyn Napes vnder rapes / for I can fynde no mention of Napes in Galene / in hys
of Horminum agreeth not with our Clare Dioscorides maketh mention but of one stalk in hys Hormino But it that Matthiolus setteth furth hath seuen stalkes at the leste / wherefore when as Dioscorides vseth not comēly to let such notable thynges to slip / it is lyke if hys Horminū had had as many / he wold haue made som mention of them Wherefore that may make som men to dowt wheter the Horminum of Matthiolus be the ryght Orminum or no / which I wold not do / if I know that it had al other thynges belonging to Horminum besyde The vertues of Horminum MEn will that Orminum stirreth men to the gettyng of childer / with hony it scoureth away the haw in the ey / or the pin and the web And if it be layde to with water it dryueth and scattereth away swellynges with the same prickes or shiuerse may be plucked out of the body The wilde Orminū is stronger then the other Allthoughe our Clare and oculus Christi which is the wilde Clare / be not the ij kindes of Orminum that Dioscorides describeth yet for al that they haue som vertues lyke vnto the kyndes of Orminū / for it that we calle oculus Christi hath thys properti / that if a man put a sede of it into hys ey / vnder the ey lyd / it bryngeth furth much filthy gere out of it / if ther be any there Both the kyndes of Clare be hote dry at the leste in the second degre If ye will put Clare into new must / and let it ly in it a cōuenient tyme / or if it be sodden with the must / it will make a good wyne and holsum for them that haue cold stomackes The same wyne as the later practicioners wryte / is good to cut fleme / for berun weomen / and for suche as ar muche cumbred with theyr white floures The pouder of clare put into a mannis nose maketh hym nese / and bryngeth doun much water out of the hede The same clare is good to bathe weomen with / that want theyr floures / when it is sodden in water with penny ryall and other herbes of lyke vertue Of the herbe called Ornithogalon Ornithogalon ORnithogalū is a tendre stalk / white / smal / a foote an half lōge with ij or thre to growyng branches in the top which ar soft / out of the which come furth floures / wtout of an herbishe color / but whē as they gape ar opened furthe / they appere white / amongest the whiche / a litle hede or knop / lyke a hasel floure / which in the spryng appeareth before the leues / cōmeth furth Thys description of Dioscorides agreeth well in all poyntes with the herbe which is called in Duche in the city of Colon / Hundis vllich / but that it neuer growethe aboue the hyght of one span / and is seldum so long But it may chance that where as our comon Greke text hath 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 / that som hath put to thys syllab di For Pliny describyng the same herbe / sayeth that it is but of the lenght of half a foote as my text of Plini hath So that it semeth that Plini red in hys Greke Dioscorides for it is playn that he had Dioscorides howsomeuer like a falslying good lesse man / he pretēdeth as thoughe he neuer saw Dioscorides of whom he hath conueyed / so much learned stuf / into hys omnigatherum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because there is so grete difference betwen two spannes and half a foote / whiche hath but vj. Romane inches / when as ij spannes conteyn xviij inches or a foote and an half But it maketh no grete mater whether we know it or no / seyng that it is good for nothing elles / but to be baked in brede as Nigella Romana or blak comun is / and to be eaten Matthiolus setteth furth an herbe for Ornigalo Dioscorides / which if it were ij span long / and had all other thynges agreyng with the description of Dioscorides I wold not deny but it were the ryght Ornithogalon / but because he telleth nether of the lenghth of hys herbe / nor of the qualites that it hath / I dout more of it thē of it that I haue hether to taken for Orinthogalo Of the tre called Ornus THere is som diuersite of opiniones about thys tre Ornus Sum hold that it is the tre whiche we call in the North countre a quicken tre or a rown tre / in the South countre a quikbeme / sum hold that it is Ornus but not fraxinus of the mountaynes as Tragus / who calleth it in Duche Han buchen or Hagen buchen / Other Duche men namely Iacob Detter the Apothecari of Wiseburg told me that Ornus is called in ryght Duche Walt eschern oder Wilder eschebaū But my iudgement is that Ornus is not the quicbeme / but Fraxinus montana / whiche thyng I trust I shall proue by good autorite Columella in hys booke de re rustica sayeth that Ornus is a wyld ashe or an ashe of the woldes / and that it hath no worse bughes then the elm tre Gotes shepe ete more gladly of the bughes of thys tre then of other Theophrast in hys thyrde booke of the histori of plantes / in the eleuent chapter writeth of ij kyndes of asshes / of the whiche the former kynde is in grete plenty in England / and it is called comonly an ashe tre But the second kynde groweth not in England that I know of And if I be not deceyued it is called of the Latines namely of Virgil Ouid and Columella / Ornus or Fraxinus syluestris And Theophrast wryteth of hys second kynde of ashe thus The second kynde of the asshes is lower and waxeth not so hyghe as the other / and is rougher / harder and yelower The smothe ashe groweth in low and holow places / and in watery places But the roughe one groweth in dry rocky grounde All that grow in playn groundes vse to be playn smouthe And all that grow in the mountaynes / vse to be roughe scuruy or scabbed / with vnequal partes apperyng outward after the maner of scabbes Thus far Theophrast That Ornus is a tre of the mountaynes / Virgill in the second of hys Georgikes wytnesseth in thys verse Nascuntur steriles saxosis montibus Orni That is / the Barun Orni or wild ashe trees grow in the rooky or craggi mountaynes I know also by experience that I haue of the wild or rocky ashe here in Germany / and by it that I had in the alpes of Rhetia / that the wod of the wilde ashe is very fayr yelow / and that the Germaynes make fayr tables and cupbordes and spounes and many other thynges belongyng to the house of the same ashe tre Then when as Columella sayeth that Ornus is Fraxinus montana / and Theophrast sayeth
hath a byndyng poure coolyng / and it is good for all that the other kynde is good for / but it is in all poyntes weyker Galene besyde these properties / that Dioscorides geueth vnto Polygono / assygneth also these that folow here after As knotgrasse hath a certayn byndyng / so doth a waterish coldnes ber the chefe ruel in it So that it is in the second degre colde / or allmoste in the begynnyng of the thyrde degre It is good to make a repercussiue or backdryuyng medicine of it / to dryue bak agayn such humores as flow vnto any place Of the herbe called Polygonatum or scala caeli Polygonaton Polyganatum angustifolium POlygonaton groweth in hylles or mountaynes It is a bushe more then a cubit hyghe / it hath leues lyke a bay tre / but broder and smother / which in taste hath a certayn thyng lyke a quince / or pomgranat For they send furth a certayn byndyng There ar whyte floures about the out sprynges of euery lefe / mo in nombre then the leues ar / if ye begin to tell from the roote It hath a whyte roote / soft / long full of knees or oyntes / coughe as som translate thys worde 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or thyk well compact together / as other turn the same worde and it hath a greuous smell / it is about an ynche thick Thys herbe is well knowen bothe in England / and in Germany It is called in English scala celi The Duch men call it Weiß wurtz / the herbaries calle it sigillum Salomonis It were better to call it by an English name taken out of Duch from whence our English sprang first whyte wurt then scala celi / for so shall men lern better to know it / and to remembre the name of it The properties of Polygonatum or whyte wurt IT is very good for woundes and to scour away spottes and frekles / out of ones face Som vse to make ashes of the root of thys herbe and to make ley of it / for to scour away frekles out of the face Of Asp and kyndes of Popler Populus I. Populus II. DIoscorides maketh but two kyndes of Populus / that is the whyte and the blak But Theophrast / and Pliny / make thre kindes / Dioscorides and Theophrast call populum nigram 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and populum albam 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But in Theophrast is ther yet an other kynde called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of hym But why that it hath that name / I can not perfitly perceyue / 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is as much to say in Latin as Radius / which betokeneth in our speche a beam / a spoke in a whele / the lesse bone in a mannis arm and a weuers instrument named a shittel But I se no cause that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the thyrde popler / shuld haue hys name of any of these But if that ther had bene in the stede of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which word it is possible that it hath ones bene in the text of Theophrast / and afterward changed by som writer into 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it were easye to tell / of what properti it were called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Greke is as much to say in Englishe / a spytefull noyse and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Greke is / found agayn Therfore / if the worde had bene 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to the thyrde kinde of popler shuld haue had the name of soundyng or of makyng of a noysum noyse Whiche propertie Pliny in diuerses places geueth vnto the popler tre / and we se that in the wod popler / that it hath leues euer trymbling and mouyng / with in but a small wynde crackyng Theodore Gaza the translator of Theophrast / out of Greke in to Latin / turneth kerkin in to populum alpinam that is an asp or popler of the mountaynes / called the alpes Pliny called thys thyrde kynde populum lybicam / wher of I intend to intreat here after Of the kyndes of poplers out of Theophrast THe whyte popler / and the blak / ar of one fasshone / they grow ryght vp bothe But the blak popler is longer and smother They ar bothe like in figure of lefe / They haue also bothe white wod / when as they ar cut down 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or populus alpina / is not vnlyke vnto the whyte popler / bothe in bygnes and by that it spredeth abrode with white boughes It hath the lefe of an Iuy / but in the one half with out a corner / on the other side a long corner / goyng to a sharpnes / with one color allmoste both vpon the ouer parte and nether parte also It hath a long footstalk and small / therfore it is not ryght out / but bowyng in The bark is rougher then the white poplers bark is / and more scabbed / as the bark of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is / whiche Theodore turneth a wilde pyne Thus wryteth Theophrast in the thyrd booke de historia plantarum and in the xiiij chapter And in the xvj chapter of the first booke de historia plantarū he writeth thus of the whyte popler / and not generally of euery popler as Gaza translating 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 not very well / populum with out any puttyng to of whyte or blak doth The leues sayethe he in all other trees ar in all poyntes lyke them selues / but the leues of the whyte aspe / of the Iuy tre / and of palma Christi / ar not lyke them selues / that is they haue som tyme one fasshon of leues / and som tyme an other fasshon For when as they ar yong / they ar rounde / but when they ar olde / they grow into to corners But it is not so with the Iuy For the Iuy whilse it is yong / hath more cornered leues / and when it commeth to perfit age / then ar the leues rounder And thys propertie belongeth seuerally to the oliue tre to the lynde / and to the whyte popler tre / for they turn downe theyr vpper partes by and by after solstitium whyche is after Aetius / the xxv of Iuny after Pliny the xxiiij of Iuny and by that token the Husbaumen know that the solstitium of sommer is past Theophrast writeth in diuerse places that the poplers grow by water sides / and in moyst places / as the noble Poet Virgil doth also Out of Pliny THere ar thre kyndes of Populus / the whyte / the blak / and it that is called lybica / which is leste and blackest in the lefe / and moste commended of all other / for beryng of todestooles or as the Northumberlanders call them bruches The white hathe a lefe of two colores / white aboue which sayng of Pliny is not true vntill the solstitiū be past for a fore that
and maketh heuy dremes It stereth a mā to make water / and it is good for the belly to louse it as som vnderstand Dioscorides It maketh fyne but it dulleth the syght / it draweth doun flowres It hurteth the blader that hath the skin of / the kydnees If it be sodden with a ptisan and receyued with meat it will bryng out those thynges that stick fast in the breste But the ouermost busshy toppes of the leues sodden with see water / and vinegre / ar good to sit ouer for the stoppyng and hardnes of the mother If ye will sethe a leke in two waters and afterwarde stepe it / in cold water / it will be swete and lesse wyndye then it wase before The sede is sharper or more bytyng / it hat a certayn byndyng poure Wherefore the iuice of it with vinegre stoppeth bloode / and specialli it that commeth furth of that nose if Frankincense or the fine flour of it be menged therewith It stereth vp also the lust of a mānis body And it is vsed agaynst all the diseases of the breste / licked in with hony after the maner of an electuari It is also good against the ptisik / whē it is taken in meate It scoureth also the wynde pype But if it be eaten / it dulleth the syght and hurteth the stomack The iuice dronken with hony is good against the bytyng of venemus bestes Ye the lyke layd to it self is good for the same purpose The iuice of the leke poured in to the ear with vinegre / frankincense / milk or rose oyle / healeth the ach soundyng there of The leues layd to with sumach of the kitchin / take away varos that is litle harde swelled lumpes in the face and epinictidas that is / wheles that com out on the night / which somtyme beyng rede / if they be broken put furth blodi mater / If they be layde to with salt / they brynge away the crustes of sores Two drammes of the sede with lyke weyght of myrtill berryes / if they be dronkē they ar good for the casting out of blod of the breste The wild leke or wynyard leke / is more hurtfull for the stomack them the comō leke But it heteth more / and stereth a mā more to make water It bryngeth also doun floures And the vse of it is good for them that ar bitten of venemus beastes Out of Simeon Sethi THe leke is hote dry in the first degre as Symeon Sethy wryteth / but I reken that it is hote at the leste in the seconde degre because it hath such vertues and workyng as one that is but hote in the first degre can not haue And as many as ar folowers of Galenes learnyng in the boke of simple medicines / as soun as euer they taste of the leues or sede / will iudge that the leke is ether hote in the thyrde degre allmoste / or at the leste in the secōde in the atremite Besyde the properties that Dioscorides geueth vnto the leke / Symeon writeth that it maketh hede ach / hurteth the liuer / that it is good for the emrodes / for such as haue colde stomackes And Galene generally writyng of vnyones lekes / of all suche hote herbes coūselleth all thē that ar of hote nature to auoyde suche / that they ar only good for them that haue colde waterish humores or toughe / or clammy humores in theyr stomackes Out of Aetius THe heded lekes ar of a sharp taste as vnyones ar By reson where of / they heat the body / and make thin or breke grosse humores and cut in peces toughe humores They purge the blader / Paulus Egineta techeth that the sede of the leke is vsed to be put in medicines for the kydnees Out of Plini THe porrum sectiuum stancheth blod in the nose / if ye breke the leke and meng it with gall or mynte / if ye stop the nose thrilles therwith The iuice of the leke takē with weomēs milke / stoppeth the isshue that commeth / when a woman hath had hyr byrth before hyr tyme. The leues ar good for burnyng if they be layd to So ar they good for the diseases of the eares with a gotis gall or lyke portion of honied wyne Thys leke is also good for the iaundes / and for the dropsey The iuice takē in the mesure of an acetable that is about two vnces and an halfe with hony / scowreth the mother It quencheth thurst / and dryueth away dronkennes and softeneth the belly The great heded leke is stronger for all these purposes The vse of lekes is good for thē that wolde haue chylder It is also good for the clerenes of the voice / taken with a ptisan / or if it be taken euery other day raw / in the mornyng fastyng The lekes hedes twyse soddē / and the water changed / stop the belly Out of the Arabianes A He leke bryngeth weomē theyr syknes / and scoureth the breste / and taketh away sour belchynges / and softeneth the belly The leke destroyeth the tethe / and the goumes The leke of a naturall propertie is good for a moyst slymie mother The sede of the leke is good to make a perfume of / to perfume the fundament therwith agaynst fistulas that ar in it Of Porcellayn Portulaca Portulaca agrestis POrcellayn is named in Greke andrachne / in Latin / Portulaca / in Duch pursel of bursell There ar two kyndes of porcellayn The one is the comē porcellayn that groweth in gardines with the brode leues The other groweth wilde in the wynyardes of Germany They ar both so well knowen in all countrees that they nede no further description The vertues of porcellayn out of Dioscorides POrcellayn hathe a byndyng pour If it be layd to emplaster wyse with percheth barlei / it is good for the hedeach / and for the burnynge heate of the eyes / and for other inflammationes and for the heat of the stomacke / and for the erysypelate called of som / saynt Antonies fyre It healeth the payn of the bladder The same if it be chowed after the maner of meat helpeth the teth / when as they ar an edged / the heat of the stomack guttes / and it stilleth the flowyng It healeth the fretynges or exulcerationes of the kydnes and bladder And it quencheth the outragius desyre to the lust of the body So is the iuice also good if it be dronken in agnes It is also good for round wormes and agaynst the spittyng of blode / and the blody flix / and the emrodes / and the burstyng out of blode / if it be much sodden It is also good agaynst the bytyng of a venemus beast / called seps not vnlike vnto it that is called in the north parte of Englād a swyfte It is very good to be menged withe eymedicines Men vse to pour it in / agaynst the flyx of the guttes
be very hote / it may be called hote in the third degre / If it be so hote as it can be / then it is called hote in the fourth degre / and so ye maye vnderstand the degrees of cold / moyst and drye herbes ☞ Herbes and other thinges that are temperate / that is neither notablie hote nor cold Maydens heyre of Italye called Adianthum Maydens heyre of EnglaÌ„d called Trichomanes Sperage called in Latin Asparagus The shell or barke of pome Citron / called in Latin cortex citri The iuyce of Licores called in latin succus glycirrhice LeÌ„tilles called in latin lens Sebesten call mixa The mosse of trees called in latin Muscus / in barbarous latin vsnea Swete oyle Melilote called Lotus syluestris The kernelles of the Pineaple nut Brushe cheris called Zizipha ☞ Herbes and other thinges that are hote in the first degre They that are hote in the first degre / encrease the natural heate whiche commeth after the digestion and other natural workinges if they be taken in And suche are these that followe Wormwode Romaine called Absinthium Romanum or Ponticum Agaricke / Aloe / Marchemalowe called in Latin Althea or Hibiscus / Swete almondes / Grene Dill / Bete called in Latin Beta / Cole called in Lattin Brassica / and of some Caulis / Borage called in Latin Buglossum / and oure commoÌ„ buglosse is of the same nature / Chamomyle / Chesnuttes called nuces castanee / Dodder called in Latin Cassuta / and Cuscuta of others / Agrimonye called Eupatorium Grecorum / The gum of the bushe called Leidus / Flax sede or Lintsede / Greymyll sede or Gromel sede / called Lithospermum / that is stone sede / Grene walnuttes / Rice called in Latin Oriza / The water of the floures of Aspe / Suger called Saccharum / Whey called Serum lactis / authore Fuchsio / Ripe grapes / Newe wine ☞ Herbes and other thinges hote in the second degre They that are hote in the second degre / are partakers of a fyrye heate / therfore haue power to make suttel or fine / and to open the stoppinge of the poores and other wayes And suche are these that folowe Ambar of grece / Bitter almondes / Drye dill / Percelye called in Latin Apium / Mugwurte called in Latin Artemisia / The right natural Balme / Capers / Campher / Ground pyne called of the Apothecaries Chamepitis / Saffron called in Latin Crocus / Fenegreke called in Latin Fenum grecum / Figges / Mastiche / Horehound called in Latin Marrubium / Honye / Bawme called Melissophillon / of others Melissa / Dryed walnuttes / Nutmegges / Basil / Harestrange / Fistick nuttes called Pistacium in latin / Drye pitche / Poly called in Latin polium / A rape otherwyse called Turnepe / A Sea vnyon called in Latin Scilla / of the Apothecaries Squilla / The rote of Archichoke or greate Thistel / Salt / Frankencense / Wyne not verye olde / but not newe / Setwall of Inde / and not it of the gardin ☞ Of the herbes and other medicines that are hote in the third degre Those medicines that are hote in the third degre / if they be takeÌ„ in / they cut in peces / they draw / they heate verye muche and make a man thirstie And of this sorte are these that folowe Sothernwode called Abrotanum / The rote of Calamus odoratus / The rotes of Galingale / Margerum / Agnus castus of Italye / not Tutsan / Asarabacca or Fold fote called in Latin Asarum / Aron or Cokowspinte / Dittanye of Candye / Charowayes / Germander / Spanish saffron Auctore Fuchsio / Nesing pouder and Berefote / Dodder that groweth vpon tyme called Epithimum / Fenel or Fenkel / Cloues / Floure deluce rotes and Aris pouder / Iuniper beryes and the wode / Enula campane / Hissope / Minte / Horsemint or wild minte / Muske / Nigella Romana or git or black cummin / Al kindes of Organ or wild Margerum / Pepper / Penyrial / Raddishe / Garden rew / Sauin / Baume minte / Old wine ☞ Of herbes and other medicines that are hote in the fourth degre Medicines that are hote in the fourth degre / rayse vp bladders / burne and pul of the skin and frete inward And of this sorte be these that folowe Garleke / Vnyones / The gum called Euphorbium / English dittanye / Garden cresses / Lekes / Pilletorie of Spayne / Rew of the mountaines or wilde rewe / Mustard / All kind of Spourge and of that kinde that geue milke / Celendine ☞ Of herbes and other medicines that are cold in the first degre that is but a littel cold These herbes cole the natural heate and after some maner hinder digestion / As are these that folowe Areche called in Latin Atriplex / Soure grapes / The inmeate of Citrones / The fleshe of the Quince / Grasse / Barlye / Malowes / Myle called in Duche Herse / in Latin Milium / Plummes / Roses / Violettes ☞ Of them that are cold in the second degre They that are cold in the second degre / make thicke or grosse / euideâ—lye make dull or minish the natural heate As are these that folowe / The gourde / Cucumbers / Galles / Endiue and Suckorye / Duckis meate that groweth vpon standing waters and poudes called Lens Palustris / Tamarindes / Pepones / Melones / Citrulles / Peches / PlaÌ„tayne / Knotgrasse or Swynes grasse / Flewurte called Psillium / Sumach / Petymorrell of the garden ☞ Of those thinges that are cold in the third degre They that are cold in the third degre / stoppe and shyte vp the inwarde wayes and passages and the pores They make dull all the wittes or senses And of this sort be Henbayne / Mandrage / Water rose or water lilie called in Latine Nimphea / Porcelayne / Houselyke ☞ Of medicines that are cold in the fourth degre Medicines that are cold in the fourth degre / frese together or congele / put out or quenche the naturall heate / and kill men if they take them in in anye great quaÌ„titie As are these that folowe / Cicuta / The iuyce of black poppye called Opium / Black poppye ☞ Of herbes and other thinges that are moyst in the first degre They that are moyste in the firste degre / swage and make slipperye / of which sorte be Borage and Buglosse / The inward meat of the Citron / Parietorie / Malowes / Rapes or Turnepes / Sugar / Hares coddes or noble Satyrion ☞ Of them that are moyst in the second degre They that are moyst in the second degre / lose and make the strength of the inward partes more feble / Of this order are Areche / Gourdes / Lettice / Duckis meate that swimmeth aboue the water / Melowes / Pepones / Peches / Porcelayne / Damaske prumes / Violettes / Ripe grapes ☞ Of medicines that are drye in the first degre They that are drye in the first degre / make the
of / but not nere hand / in colour whyte / and in sauour pleasant After that the floures are fallen / ther foloweth a sede like vnto a litle smale wert / ending into thre sharpe toppes The roote is longe and full of litle tasselles like thredes / black withoute / within brounishe / of a stinking smelle / of a bitter and binding taste This herbe is called of some Vlmaria / and the whole forme of it is like vnto the herbe which is called in Duche Geißbardt / which is Barba capri The vertues of this herbe after the Practitioners of Germanye THE roote of this herbe sodden in wine and honye / and dronken / loseth the bellye and draweth furth choler It is good for the bloody flixe if it be dronken when it is sodden in read wine The weomen cookes in the spring time vse to gather this herbe / and put it in there potages and mooses with other pot herbes Beware that the sede of it be not eaten / for it maketh the head ake The same practitioners of Germanye do affirme that the herbe brused layd to with mede dryueth awaye swellinges / and draweth furth shiuers / and also dartes and arrow heades Of Burnet Sanguisorbia THE herbe that is named in Englishe Burnet / is called of some comon writers Pimpinella / and of other Pimpinella Italica / to put a difference betwene it and Pimpinellam Germanicam / some of the finer sort hold that this herbe ought to be called Bipennula or Bipinnula / because there growe ouer thwart the leafe two and two litle leues like vnto the winges of birdes / standing out as the bird setteth her winges out / when she intendeth to flye Some wold it shuld be called Pampinella / and Fuchsius sayth that it ought to be called Sangui sorba / the Duch men call it Hergottes bertlin / that is Gods litle berde / because of the color that it hath in the toppe This herbe is so wel knowen in al places of England by the name of Burnet / that I should but lese my laboure / if I shoulde describe it / Therfore I wil go to the vertues of it The vertues of Burnet DIuers of the Practitioners of Germanye do holde that this herbe is good to staunche blood both in the bloody flixe / and also in the issue of bloode / that weomen haue oute of measure / some holde that that herbe holden alone in ones hand / is good for the same The truth is that this herbe is of a binding nature / and rather cold then hote / and therefore it is fit for the purposes aboue rehersed / speciallye the roote and the sede The leafe is pleasant both in taste and in smelle / and is good to be put both in wine / bere and ale / for them that are disposed muche to anye reume or flixe in the bodye / and in my iudgement the vse of it is good both within and without against an hote running goute / namely the leues Of Duch Pimpinell THEre is an other herbe called in Duche Bibernel / and of the Duche Herbaries Pimpinella Germanica and it is muche lyke in forme of the leaues vnto oure Burnet / but it is yelower a great deale / and rougher It hath a white floure in the toppe The sede of it is lyke vnto Persely sede The herbe is hote at the lest in the third degre / both the roote and the sede Some call this herbe Saxifrage / because it groweth amongest stones in many places / and cleueth them / and some call it Saxifrage / for the propertye that it hath in breakinge of the stone in a mannis bodye / and it deserueth much better the name of Saxifrage / then our English Saxifrage doth It groweth commonlye in Englande in bankes of eche syde of holowe hygh wayes / and in manye medowes also / and in verye great plentye The vertues of this herbe THE newe writers holde that this herbe is good against the pestilence to be taken in fastinge in the morninge / and as I sayde before / it is good to breake the stone The Germanes do holde that the rote of this herbe dryed / is so hote that it maye be vsed for pepper / which I would not denye if it were so pleasaunt as it is medicinable The rootes maye be sodden and condited in sugar / to the great profit of them that haue colde stomaches / and are troubled with tough fleme / the colike and the stone The roote of Pimpinel any wayes taken in / is good against any kind of poyson / against gnawinges in the bellye / which come of a colde cause And it is good for to bringe doune weomen their sicknes The sede will do al these thinges / therfore it were good that comfittes should be made thereof They saye also that the water of it dronken thre or foure dayes / in the quantite of thre or foure sponefulles / is good for the same purposes / but I geue more credite to the roote and the sede / except the water were better stilled / then it is here in England Of the herbe called of the later writers Bistorta BIstorta is called in some places of England Astrologia / and in some places Pationes / but there is no general name for it It maye be called ether of the name twise writhen / or els docke Bistorte I know no herbe in all these part of Europa / where as I haue bene / that agreeth better with the description vertues of Britannica then Bistorta doth / howbeit the rote agreeth not with the description of Dioscorides / and therfore I haue set it amongest the herbes of the newe writers Yet not withstanding I do vehemently suspect / that it is Britannica of Plinye / whereof is made mention in the booke of Pliny de naturali historia where he writeth that the souldiers of the Romaynes come into Freiceland / and that they dranke two yeare of one freshe springe / for there were no mo fresh springes / as he saith in all the hole countre / and that had suche a propertie that al that dranke of it within two yere / had the disease whiche is called scelotirbe / and stomocace / that is the losing of the knees and the disease of the mouth / for they waxed lame in their knees / and al their teth waxed loose / which later named parte of the disease many in Freiselande haue at this present houre / and when I was the Erle of Emdens Phisitian / whiche is the Lord of East Freseland / diuers asked me councell for that disease / and by the helpe of God / I did heale them / and perceiued that it was the verye same disease that Plinye spake of / wherefore although I had learned by experience to heale the disease with other herbes / yet because that Pliny wrote that the inhabitores of Freseland taught the Romaines to heale their disease with an herbe called
/ because it is like thrist that groweth on the houses / which is a kinde of ayegrene / when it commeth firste out of the grounde I remember nowe that one English man called this herbe Eestrige It hath a rede stalke / and those thinges that answere / for the leaues are like vnto whete / but manye partes longer and round / in taste saltishe / and in color grene The stalke of it is ful of ioyntes / and not one far from another The older that the herbe is / the longer are the leaues / at the lenght growe oute rounde knoppes / wherein are verye smal sedes / whiche the Larkes in East Freselande eate in winter KALY The vertues of Kaly I Haue red no vertue that Kaly hath in Phisik / but they that make glasse vse the ashes of it to make glasses of / and of the broth of it is made a salt / called Salt a kali Of the two kindes of Lauander LAuander is not written of / by name in anye old writer / but in my iudgement it is a kinde of Stichados / and therfore I maruel muche at Fuchsius and Matthiolus / wherof the one writeth that it is Spica Germanica and the other that it is Spica Italica when as it differeth vtterly in likenes from all the kindes of spica / that anye auncient author maketh mention of Therefore it shal be better ether to call it thinne or longe Stichas / or after the commō herbaries Lauandulam or Lauendulam then Spicam Germanicā Anglicā Gallicam Scoticam Hispanicam or Danicam although it grow in al these cōtreys Lauendula Lauendula minor For an herbe hauinge in the toppe like an eare of corne / called in Latine Spicam ought not te be called streight waye / therefore when it groweth in Germanye Spica germanica nether where it groweth in Italye Spica Italica nether Spica in anye spece / because the Barbarus writers cal it Spicam Ther are two kindes of Lauander / one kinde onlye called Lauander / and this is the lesse kinde / and the greater and fayrer kinde is called Lauander spyke Learned men do iudge not withoute a cause / that it was first called Lauēda Lauanda or Lauendula a Lauande / of washinge / because wyse men founde by experience that it was good to washe mennis heades with / which had anye deceses there in / or weiknes that come of a colde cause These two kindes of Lauander are so well knowen in all countrees that I haue bene in / that I thinke that it were but lost labor to describe them that are so well knowen all redy / therfore I wil procede to the vertues of them The vertues of Lauander or Lauander spyke BOth these kindes of Lauander as some of the Italianes do write / are hote and drye fully in the seconde degre / and in the beginninge of the third But I do not iudge by experience and by learninge / that they are perfitly hote in the third degre / whiche they partely themselues do graunt when they say / Olio de spigo odoris adeò acerrimi est vt caetera odoramenta superet Wherfore it can not be true that the two kindes of Lauander do not differ muche in strength from al the kindes of Spikenard / namely when as beside this / alleged Galene in the eight boke of Simple medicines / graunteth that Spikenard is hote only in the first degre / and drye in the second fullye They grant also that these kindes of Lauander are good for al diseases of the brayne that come of a colde cause / also for crampes and palsyes that they strengthen the stomache / and open the liuer that is stopped / and the stopped milt also / bring doune floures and secondes / whiche properties rather belonge vnto Stechas then vnto anye kinde of Spiknarde / which ye shall wel se if ye nede the properties of Stechas / and of the kindes of Nardus / and compare thē both together Wherefore it ought not by and by to be receyued as the aunswere of Apollo / whatsoeuer the Italianes and other countrey men do write / except it can be proued by autorite or good reson The Germanes do write that the floures of Lauander sodden in wine and dronken / do make one auoyde water well The same as they write dronken thre or foure dayes together / bringe doune floures and secondes / they dryue wind away / and are good for the iaundes The floures of Lauander taken with Cinnamum cloues / Mace graynes / Cubebes / and the leaues of Rosemarye / do not only helpe the aboue named diseases more strongly / but also further helpe the palsey / and the tothe ache The water of both the Lauanders is good to washe the akinge heade with / if the cause be colde / and so it helpeth the dusines of the head The broth of the floures of both the kindes / and the water also / are good for membres that are num or taken / if they be oft bathed and washed therewith I iudge that the floures of Lauander quilted in a cappe and daylye worne / are good for all diseases of the head that come of a colde cause / and that they comforte the brayne verye well / namelye if it haue anye distemperature that commeth of cold an moystenes Of Nutmegges and Mace THE mace groweth aboute the Nutmegge / and is the floure / and at the firste it is sprede abroade like a wild rose wyth fyue leaues / and the nutte appereth in the middes / and afterwarde closeth it selfe roundabout the Nutmegge The Nutmegges growe in great plentye in an Iland of Inde / called Badon / The trees haue leaues like peche leaues / but shorter and narrower The herbe Nutmegge is inclosed in an hard shelle as a hasel nutte is And the same haue I sene verye well cūdited in sugar / it was condited whilse it was grene / as yonge walnuttes are condited hole before the shelles waye hard / and they are verye pleasant in eatinge and comfortable for the stomache The Nutmegge is called in Barbarous Latine Nux muscata in Latine Nux myristica and of some in Greke Moscocarydion or Mescoryon The vertues of Nutmegges and Mace THE best Nutmegges are rede / fat heuy / the worst are light black drye / The Nutmegges are hote dry in the end of the second degre but some hold that they are hote in the third degre / but not perfitly The Nutmegge stoppeth the bellye / and maketh ones breth sauour wel / and taketh awaye fumes of the stomache It digesteth meat / driueth winde awaye and comforteth the stomache and the liuer / and is good for the frekles in the face and the ringworme It minisheth the greatnes of the milt / and softeneth the impostemes of the liuer It is also good for the cold diseases of the mother The Arabianes hold that Nutmegges and Cloues be of one nature / but I hold that the Cloues
vsed for methel nuttes / are the righte nuces vomicae that is vomite nuttes And for his proofe he alledgeth Serapion / and he maketh this difference / that the right vomike nuttes haue litle knoppes vpon them lyke eyes / and that the methel nuttes haue dounye or roughe skin all ouer them Oute of the Arabianes / and chefelye out of Serapio / and them that he citeth SErapio maketh two chapters of Nux Methel and of Nux Mechil and a seueral chapter of the fruyte called Nux vomica where they must be thre seuerall thinges and not one simple first I wil rehearse what he writeth of the vomike nut Of the Vomike nut LEum alcey or alke / is named in Latin Nux vomica This nut ether alone or with other medicines as salt / maketh a man vomite strongly / for salt furthereth perbreakinge / and stereth the humores / and maketh them more easelye go furth by casting or vomiting The quantite of them to be taken is two drammes Take twentye drammes of the drye toppes or leaues of Dill / and seth them in a wine pint of water vntill the halfe be sodden awaye / and put some honye to it / and let the medicine be made of honye / and afterward let it be menged with this sodden water and dronken / and then it maketh a man vomit easely / and it loseth the bellye sometyme One Abraham in Serapio writeth thus There is a nut whose color is betwene grayshe / blewishe / and whitishe / greater then a hasel nut / and there are knobbes in it / and if ye take a dram of the pouder of the barke of it that is sifted with two great drammes of the pouder of Dill or Fenel sede / and put vnto it a sufficient quantite of honye / and drinke it with warme water / it wil make a man vomite choler and tâ—eme / and it wil make some go to the stole also Here in this texte I find nothing that mislyketh me / sauing that this Abraham geueth but one dram / when as other geue two drammes / and that he compareth it vnto a hasel nut / when as there is no lykenes at al betwene an hasel nut and the vomiting nut so far as I haue rede or sene by experience Of the nut Methil oute of the 365. Chapter of Serapio De temperamentis LEum Methel / that is nut Methel / is a fruyte lyke vnto the vomiting nut / and the sede of it is lyke vnto the sede of a Citron / Haese writeth in the same chapter that the nut Methel is lyke vnto the vomike nut / and that the sede of it is lyke vnto the sede of Mandragoâ—a / that the barke of it is rough and the tast of it is delectable and fatty or vnctuous / that it is colde in the fourth degre / and that if one kirat of it be geuen in wine / it maketh a man wonderfully dronken / and a kirat is the weight of foure barly cornes But if it be gyuen in the quantite of two drammes and two seuen partes of a dram / it wil kill a man furth without any delaye Rasis beynge alledged in the same chapter sayth / that it maketh vnsensible / and peraduenture killeth and stoppeth and stancheth / and make a man vomit / and an other of the Arabianes sayth that fyue drammes of the Methel nut make one dronken verye sore / if there be much of it geuen / it killeth And therefore he that taketh of it / ought to take in hote butter / and to set his outwarde partes in warme water / be so ordered that he maye vomit enough / and let him be so cured as he that hath taken Mandragoram Rasis also in his Simples writeth that the Methel maketh num or vnsensible / and bringeth somtyme destruction / and engendreth dronkennes / lothsumnes and vomitinge Oute of Auicenna THE Nux methel is poyson / and maketh num or vnfelable / it is lyke vnto a vomike nut / and the sede of it is like the sede of a Citron / it maketh vnfelable the head / and maketh forgetfulnes / and is ill for the brayne / the quantite of a dauich maketh a man dronken / the poyson of it killeth in one daye Thus muche haue I translated out of the Arabianes / and so muche as I coulde finde in any Arabian / that is translated into Latine / of al that I can gather of these Arabianes / the nut Methel stereth a man to vomit muche more then Nux vomica doth / and that in lesse quantite / wherfore the working of Nux Methel deserueth more the name of the vomitinge nut / then the commonly called nut vomike doth But seynge that it is out of all dout / that they are verye perillous / I will aduise al my frendes to vse nether of both in their bodyes / but to vse them to catche fishe / byrdes / and some litle beastes therewith and it were best to take out the stomake of suche as are taken streight waye / and not to suffer them to lyue after they be dosyed or made dronken Of the fruyte called Anacardium ANacardium maye be called in Englishe Hart nut / of the likenes that it hath with an hart / for it is lyke a byrdes hart in proportion and in color also It groweth in Sicilia in the hote hilles / whiche burne continuallye vnder the ground This hart nut is hote and drye in the fourth degre / and is very good for the marring or hurting of the memory and senses / is good for al diseases of the brayne that come of colde and moystenes It is good against losing of the sinewes / and it remoueth forgetfulnes and helpeth the memorye / halfe a dram of it if it be receyued / is good for the memorye / and the inward part is best / but because it is extremely hote / it is deadly ieperdous for yong men / and for them that be of a colerike or hote complexion therefore it ought not to be geuen vnto theÌ„ / and it ought onlye to be geuen to them that haue the palsey / or are afrayd of the palseye Of Adders tonge O Phyoglosson is called in Latine Lingua serpentina in English Adders tonge / of some other Adders grasse / though vnproperly Adders tong hath one fat leafe a finger long like water Plantayne / but much narrower / for the quantite of it out of the lowest part / whereof there riseth a litle stalke which hath a longe tonge vpon it / not vtterly vnlike a serpentes tonge / whereof it hath the name It groweth in moyst and medowes in the ende of April / and in the beginninge of May and shortely faydeth awaye Ophioglosson The vertues of Adders tonge THis is a wounde herbe / and healeth woundes which are almost vncurable / or at the least wonderfully hard to be healed The nature of it is also to dryue away great swellinges / and to preuent
broth or iuyce of it / it wil driue away the inflammationes or hote burninges of Vuula / squinansy and of the iawes The pouder is good for old sores / for it drieth them vp and healeth them quickly Hierom Bock geueth almoste all the fornamed vertues vnto the distilled water of the herbe / and sayth also that it is good for the stomach and mother / and other partes that haue the skinne of / and brede gnawinges in a mannis body But I set more by the iuyce / broth / and pouder of the herbes / then I do by their waters Of the roote called Setwal / or Zedoaria I Haue not yet spoken with anye man / nether rede any mannis booke of this age / that hath sene Setwal grene / wherefore we can not describe it But because we haue the roote / we can iudge somthinge of it both by taste and the workinge of it / and by bokes of elder writers that haue written of it The vertues of Setwal out of the Arabianes SEtwal or Zedoaria is of a certein natural propertye and not elemental / maketh a man fat / and withstandeth poyson and venome / and therfore it is good against napellū / and many vse to put it into diuerse kindes of triacles And if a man eat of it after vnyons and garleke / it taketh the smell of them awaye / as it taketh also the smell of wine awaye It breaketh grosse winde / and healeth the bytinges of venemous beastes / and it stoppeth the belly It resolueth or melteth awaye grosse empostemes and swellinges / and speciallye them that are in the mother It stoppeth perbreakinge / and is good for a windye colyke Of Rosa solis ROsa solis is a litle small herbe that groweth in mossey groundes and in fennes and watery mores with a brode hory thinge in the toppe / it groweth not aboue the height of thre or foure fingers height The vertues of Rosa solis OVR English men now adayes set very muche by it / and holde that it is good for consumptious and swouning / and faintnes of the harte / but I haue no sure operience of this / nether haue I red of anye olde writer what vertues it hath / wherefore I dare promise nothing of it Of the Coweslippe A Coweslippe is named in the Herbaries Apothecaries Latin herba paralysis there are two kindes of them / the one is redder yelow then the other / the other paler / they differ also in smel / for the one smelleth better then the other / the one is called in the West contre of some a Cowislip / the other an Oxislip / they are both call in Cambridge shyre Pagles There are some grene Cowislippes some dubbel / tripel and quadrupel that grow in gardines / but they differ not in kinde from the other / of the same kinde is our prinrose / which I neuer saw grow in any place / sauing in England East Freseland ij cold contrees / be like it wil not grow in hote countrees / and of al them that hither to hath written of herbes / no man that I do remember hath mention of this kind / nether set out anye figure of it / sauing only Rembertus / and a Barnet of Swigerlandt / in the boke called the garden of Germanes / who writeth that it groweth in the toppe of a cold mountayne in his countrey Ruellius calleth our two kind of Cowislip Verbascum and Phlomides but Matthiolus bringeth reasones against him that they are not Phlomides he saith that our Cowislip is called in Latin Primula veris which name we geue more iustly to oure prinrose / which commeth furth a great while before the Cowislip The Germanes call the Cowislip Schlussel blumen / because they haue a great sort of floures like keyes / growing together in the top of the littel stalke The vertues of Cowislip out of Tragus / Fuchsius / and Matthiolus Tragus THE floures of Cowislip conserued in sugar / and also the stilled water ther of / are very good for thē that are weke very low brought by consumption of long sicknes / also for them that haue the hole palsey / and for them that sounde oft / they saye that this is knowen by experience / it hath a singuler property to comfort the hart The floures and leaues of Cowislip brused and layde to / are good against the bitings of venemous beastes / they swage swellinges / they heale also woundes / both if the water be poured vpon them / and also if the leafe be brused laid vpon them Tragus sayth that the water of Cowislippes layde to a mannis heade / swageth the ache thereof / if it come of a hote cause / that he saith to be knowen by experience Some weomen springkle the floures of Cowislip with whyte wine / and after still it and washe their faces with that water to driue wrinkles away / to make them fayre in the eyes of the worlde rather then in the eyes of God / whom they are not afrayd to offende with the scluttishnes / filthines / and foulnes of the soule Fuchsius THE later writers geue these properties to the two kindes of Cowislip / they are good to be broken brused / laid to the ioyntes that ake / the stoppinge of the bladder and kidneis is taken away by the vsing of the rootes of these The iuyce of these herbes is good to be takē in / and also to be layd with out vpon broken bones / and them that are out of ioynt / they bind very littel / and they are bitter / and a littel byting in taste / by which properties they can not fully bringe to passe that the practitioners saye they can do without the helpe of other herbes / in heling of bone and displaced membres / yet they may wel inough drye vp and scoure away / which properties Galen geueth vnto his Verbasculis The Herbaries of oure time saye that they are hote and dry / and the weomen that would be fayre / and labor to encrease their bewtie / washe their faces with the iuyce of the floures of them Matthiolus THE later writers holde that this herbe hath the vertue to swage the ache of the iointes / they do also commend the broth of the rotes to be good for the stone of the kidney also of the bladder / They saye also that the iuyce of them both dronken inwardly / layd to without / is good for broken bones suche as are out of ioynt / they say also that if they be soddē with sage mergerum / their broth is good against the cold diseases of the sinewes the brayne / wherfore they are very good to be geuen to be dronken vnto them that haue the palsey / or any num or tremble member The water of the floures of Cowislippes is good to be dronken of them that sound / when as the body is very feble weke / for as the experimentores do saye they comfort the hart wonderfully / the floures are good to be layd to the striken of scorpiones feldspiders / for they easelye scatter awaye the swellinges dissolue them The leues or the floures brused / will heale woundes / the stilled water that is out / if the hole herbe is good for the heade ache / Matthiolus confirmeth it that Tragus and Fuchsius wrote before / concerning the propertie that Cowlip water hath to make faire faces Of the Holye tre THE tre which is called commonly in England Holy / in some places Holme / and in other places Huluer / is iudged to be Aquifolium in Latin or Agrifolium of Theophrastus to be named Crateagonon and of some Paliurus whatsoeuer men iudge it to be / it is not certenelye knowen as yet what it is / but because it hath one good propertye in Phisicke / I will not passe ouer it wtout making of some mention of it The vertues THE broth of the barkes of the roote are very good to be sodden for them that haue had their iointes or members out of ioynte / and haue waxed hard thereafter For it softneth and resolueth / and driueth awaye swellinges / sodoreth together broken bones Other properties that this tre hath / I know none / sauing that the barke is good to make byrd lime of / and the bowes are good to swepe kynyes withal / and the stades are good baytes to entyse felde fares to come to lymeroddes / when as all other berries are eaten vp in the woode / this tre is called in Duche Wald distelen / and Stech palmen If any be desyrous to make byrd lime of the barkes / they may lerne it of me which haue made it oft tymes after this manner About Midsommer I pill of the barkes / and strayt way seth them a good while / and then I pull of the outtermost rind / and lay them in a moyst corner / or digge them in the earth or a dunghill / and within eight or ten dayes / I take them out agayne / and bray them or bete them in a morter as smal as is possible / and then I washe them in a running streame / or if I can not come by that in other cold water vntill the vnbeaten peces of the barkes be fallen awaye / and the reste become lyme FINIS
a litle / beanes layd without as a medicine do drye without hurt Galene writeth that he hath oft vsed beanes sodden in water / and laid them to with swines grese vpon places / vexed wyth the goute He also vsed the leaues against the brusinge of synewes / and the woundes of thesame / and namely the mele of them with honye and vinegre Goodly Reder / this folowing matter shall be addeth vnto the vertues of Dill / which you shall find at the nomber / Folio 43. and 44. The maner of making of a fat or butter lyke in strength with the oyle of Dyll / or the oyle of Chamomill TAke of the floures of Dill or Chamomil floures / the white circle taken away / a quart or a pint as ye will haue the quantite of the medicine to be great and poure vpon the floures / ether so muche fresh melted butter / and scomed / or so much of the fattes of a gose / hen / hog / or capon / or al mixed together as wil couer all the floures / being in a pottel pot / or a greter vessel / which pot or vessel ye shal set in an other vessel full of hote sethinge water / and let the pottel pot stand so longe in the water / vntill that the floures begin to faide or change their color and waxe soft / theÌ„ streyne altogether and cast awaye the floures / and put as muche freshe floures vnto the butter or fat / as ye did before / and so do thre tymes / and then put vp your butter in a close vessel wel stopped / and vse it when ye haue nede This butter or fatt if it be dressed with Chamomil floures / is good for the diseases that are in the synewes / or the ache that is in partes full of sinowes It is good to anoint theÌ„ withal that haue bene longe sicke in an agewe a litle before the fit come It is good to laye to anye parte that acheth in the body it is good for them that are werye / ether by great labor or with riding / so that it may be layd verye warme on with a hote hand / speciallye about the ioyntes / it will also ease the payne of the stone / somthing if the diseased place be anoynted therewith beyng hote If ye make it of Dill / it doth also swage ache or payne that commeth of windy matter / and is good for all other thinges that Chamomill is good for / and specially for driuing awaye of the cold of an old agew / if the ridge bone be anointed therewith as hote as the patient can suffer / an houre before the fit at the fire syde or in a hote bed It is also good for swellinges and impostemes / and hardnes / and partely it helpeth a man to swete if a man be anointed therwith as hote as he can suffer / and so will the butter of Chamomil do lykewise / layd to after the same maner Ye may make a medicine with butter / and the floures of Lauander / as I taught you to make of the floures of Dill and Chamomill / and it wil be good for a cold stomache / for the head ach that commeth of cold / and for the ache of anye parte of the body that commeth of cold FINIS The seconde parte of Vuilliam Turners Herball / wherein are conteyned the names of herbes in Greke / Latine / Duche / Frenche / and in the Apothecaries Latin / and somtyme in Italiane / with the vertues of the same herbes with diuerse confutationes of no small errours / that men of no small learning haue committed in the intreating of herbes of late yeares God saue the Quene HONY SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE Imprinted at Collen by Arnold Birckman / In the yeare of our Lorde M.D.LXVIII Cum Gratia Priuilegio Reg. Maiest The Table ABrecock tre 48 Agarick 29 Alleluya 74 Alkaking or winter chirres 142 Aspe and kindes of Pepler 90 Auenes 9 B Barley 16 Basil 66 Bay tre 32 Bech tre 1 Bramble bushe 118 Brere bushe 119 Brionye 166 167 Broume 7 C Carob tre 136 Carot 80 Cattes tayle 259 Cheruel 10 Cinkfoly 110 Ciue or Ciuet 8 Citron tre 49 Clare 70 Clot bur 170 Comfrey 148 Cottenwede 11 Cotton 13 Cresses or karsse 64 Crowfoot 114 Cicory and Endiue 21. D Darnel 41 Date tre 74 Ded nettel 27 Dittani 35 Dock 121. E Elder or bourtre 124 Elecampane or Alecampane 22 Elm tre 169. F Fenel or Fenkel 5 Fenegreke 5 Ferne or brake 3 Feuerfewe 79 Fiche 162 Figge tre 2 Figge beane 43 Fistick nutt 91 French or Spanish brome 144 Floure de lice 23 G Gelouer 163 Gentian 7 Gethsemin or Iesemin 19 Grasse 13 Great bur 82 Groundel 132 Grummel or graymile 40 H Haris foot 26 Harstrang 38 Hartis tounge 86 Haukwede 14 Herbe ferula or fenel giante 1 Hoppes 42 Horehounde 51 Horsse tonge or double tonge 15 Horsse houe or bullfote 159 Housleke 133 Hysop 19 I S. Iohns grasse 18 Iuniper or Iuneper 25 K Kidney beane 140 Knot grasse 97 Kowe persnepe 145 L Lampsana 27 Larix 28 Laserpitium 30 Lathyris 31 Lauer or Sion 32 Leke 101 Lentil or lentilles 33 Lentisk or mastick tre 34 Lettes or lettuce 26 Ligustrum 35 Lily 38 Limonium 39 Linden tre 153 Liuer wurte 36 Lint sede 39 Lotus vrbana 42 Lycores 12 Lysimachia 44 M Madder 118 Mallow 44 Mandrage 45 Maydens heyre 6. 157 Medica 52 Medler tre 56 Meon or Mew 56 Mercury 55 Mile or Millet 57 Mint 53 Missel or Misselto tre 165 Mulberry tre 58 Mustarde 137 N Nettel 169 Nigella Romana 10 Night shade 142 O Oke tre 109 Oleander 56 Oliue tre 67 Organ 69 Orobanche 71 Oxyacantha 73 P Palma Christi 116 Panik 76 Parietorie or Pilletorye of the wall 14 Phalaris 85 Peonye 84 Persnepes and skirwurtes 138 Peare tree 108 Pease 92 Penny rial 107 Pepper 90 Playn tre 95 Plum tre 103 Poppye 76. 77 Pomgranat tre 49 Pinke nedle or starkis bill 8 Polipodium ot walferne 4 Porcellayn 102 Prymprint 37 Psyllium or flea sede 105 Ptarmica 106 Pyne tre 87 Q Quickbeam tre 143 Quince tre 48 R Radice or radish 111 Rape or Turnepe 112 Raspis or hindberry 119 Rise 72 Rose 116 Rosemary 35 Rue 122 Rye 129 S Sage 126 Sauin 124 Scala caeli 97 Scandix 120 Sea vnyon 130 Sea trifoly 12 Sea wartwurt 81 Securidaca 133 Settwall 86 Sesamum 134 Siler mountayn ibidem Siâ—imbrium 140 Sison 139 Spelt 131 Spiknarde 62 Spourgwurt 171 Squynant 24 Stauis aker 147 Strawberrye 6 Sumach 115 T Tamarisk 59 Tithymales 154 Todes flaxe 73 Tribuli 156 Triacle mustard 152 Turpentine 151 V Veruine 162 walnuttes 24 wall barley or way bent 17 waybrede 94 water persely 138 water germander 132 water rose or water lily 65 whyte Satyrion 127 wilde Thyme 132 wilde cresse 20 wilde grape 25 wodbinde 82 FINIS Of the bech tre FAgus is named in Greke Phegos / in
of Hierobatone are so cut in and indented aboute the edges / as the oke leafe is / and they are in color grayshe blewe Ye maye se also that they differ also in the color of the leaue / if they differ not also in the depnes of iagging or indenting as I thinke a man may gather by Dioscorides that they do For the former hath but a lyghte cuttinge aboute / made mention of / and the later is declared to haue much deper indentinge / wherefore these herbes differ much more then only in the lying or standing of the herbe And Pliny wryting of the two kindes of Verbenaca / maketh them after the reporte of writers to be both one kind / not because they haue one liknes in leaues / stalkes and floures / but because as he writeth quoniā vtraque eosdē effectus habeat because they haue both thesame vertues / which sauing as it is cōtrary to it that Dioscorides writeth of the vertues of these two herbes / so is his description of them contrary vnto the description of Dioscorides for he maketh the fyrst to be a span long more / the second a cubit long / and somtime longer The length the indenting of the leaf of the herbe which we comonly call Veruine / the Duch eisenkraut / wold moue me more to thinke that our comō Veruine should be Hierobatono then Peristereon / if the floures were not so whytish / but the color is a deceyuable signe / for in many places groundes it changeth / for all other thinges the description of Hierobatone in my iudgemente agreeth better white our Veruin then the description of Peristereon doth / let other men iudge in this matter / that are vniuersalye sene in all kindes of philosophy / and in olde wryters The vertues of the former kinde of Veruine called properlye Peristereon THe leaues layd to wyth rose oyle / an freshe swynes greise / take awaye the payne in the mother The herbe layd to wyth vinegre / stayeth burning heates / and saint Antonyes fyre / and stoppeth rotting / and ioyneth together woundes / and couereth wyth a skinne / and filleth wyth fleshe olde woundes The vertues of the second kinde of Veruine properly called Hierobatone THe leaues of thys and the rootes dronken wyth wyne / and also layde to / are good agaynst crepinge beastes / as serpentes such like The leaues taken in the quantite of a dram / wyth a scruple and an halfe of Frankincense / are dronken in x. vnces of old wyne / fasting for the space of xl dayes agaynste the iaundes Thesame layd to / swage longe swellinges and inflammationes / and they scoure fylthye sores But the hole herbe it self / sodden with wine / breaketh vp crustes or stalkes in the almondes / and it stoppeth the freting sores of the mouth / if it be gargled there wyth som saye that the broth of it be sprinkled in feastes or bankettes / that the gestes or drinkers thereby are made merrier The thyrde ioynte / from the grounde wyth the leaues that grow about it / is geuen in a tertian / and the fourth is so geuen in a quartayn They call it Hierobatone / that is an holy herbe / because it is very good for to be hanged vpon men / agaynst inchantementes and to purify or clenge wyth all Of the Fiche VIcia is named in Greke Bikion / in English a Fiche / or of som a Tare / in Duche Wicken / in Frenche la Vesce The Fiche is so well knowen that it nedeth no description / all men knowe that the leaues growe by payres wyngwyse / on agaynst an other / and that the sede is not so round as a whyte pease is / but much flatter It is euel to be eaten of men / for it stoppeth the belly to much / and ingendreth a grosse and melancholike humor in the body of a man / but it is good for beastes / as experience hath taught vs these manye yeares Plinye writeth that the Fiche fatteth the grounde / and that there are thre tymes of sowyng of it The fyrste tyme is about the fallinge ofarcturus / that it maye sede in December Then is it best sowen to make or gather sede of it / for it will bringe furth lyke well / after that it is ones cutte doune / or eaten vp to the rootes The seconde tyme of sowyng is in Ianuarye The thyrd tyme is in Marche / and that whych is so wen then / is moste fit to bringe furth stalkes and braunches It loueth best drynes of all thynges that are sowen and it refuseth not shaddowy places The chaffe of it is best of all other / if the sede be gathered when it is rype Of wall gelouer and stock gelouers Viola alba Viola matronalis alba VIola alba is named in Greke Leucoion / but allthough the worde betoken a whyte violet / yet Dioscorides maketh foure kindes of Leucoion / whereof he maketh but one kinde wyth a whyte flour / and that is the fyrste kinde The seconde kinde hath yelowe floures The third kind hath blew floures The fourth kind hath purple floures Viola alba Theophrasti Viola Punice◠It that hath the yelow floure / whyche Dioscorides writeth to be mete to be vsed for physik / is called of the Arabianes Keiri / in Duche geel violetten / in Englishe Wal gelouer or hartis ease The other thre kindes are called stock gelouers / hauing there names according vnto the coloure of the floure that they beare The vertues of the gelouers THe drye floures of wall gelouer / sodden to sit in / ar good for the inflammation of the mother / and to bringe doune floures If they be receyued in a cerote / they heal the rinninges in the fundamente They heale wyth honye the burninge sores of the mouthe The sede of it in the weyght of two drames / dronken wyth wine / or layd to with honye / dryueth doune floures / secondes and the byrthe The rootes layd to wyth vinegre / minishe the bignes of the milte / and are good for them that haue the goute Of the Violet Viola matronalis purpurea VIola is named in Greke Ion melan / som Latine men name it Violam nigram / and som call it Violam purpuream The purple violet as Dioscorides writeth / hath a leafe lesse and thinner then the Iuye / but blacker / and not vnlyke / and a litle stalke in the middes from the roote / whereon groweth a litle floure verye well smellinge / of a purple colour The vertues of the Violettes VIolettes haue a coolinge nature The leaues of Violettes layde to both by them selues / and also wyth perched barley mele / are good for a burninge stomack / the inflammation of the eyes / and the fallinge doune of the fundament some write that it that is purple in the floure / if it be dronken wyth water / is good for the squinancie or choukes / and for the
falling siknes in childer The vertues of Violettes out of Mesue THe violet when it is grene / is colde and moyste in the fyrst degre / when it is dryed it is both lesse cold and drye A grene violet stancheth hote aches after the maner of other that make dull / and vnsensable / and it quencheth out all inflammationes / it swageth and softeneth the throple / and the breste / and it purgeth oute yelowe choler / and putteth out the heate of it It healeth the head ache that commeth of an hote cause Violettes make a man to slepe / and they are good for the disease of the vuula / the squinancie or choukes and the pleuresye / and all swellinges of the breste / they heale also meruelously the inflammation of the liuer / and the drye stopping of the same / and the iaundes or guelsought / and inflaming agues / they quenche thyrst / but they stere vp a rume that falleth from the heade into the nose thrilles the violet is better that is gathered in the morninge / whose vertue nether the heate of the sun hath melted away / nether the rayne hath wasted and driuen away Violettes and violet oyle / are put vnto medicines to restreyne and make dull the vehemence or great streingth of them The iuice of violettes and the syrop louse the bellye by softeninge of it The violettes condited wyth hony / scour more / but coole lesse but condited with sugre contrarywise Nether violettes nor ther iuyce can abyde long sething / the vinegre made of violettes / slaketh wonderfullye the burninge of hote agues the broth of violettes is geuen from iiij vnces vnto viij the iuyce is geuen from one vnce to two the syrop is geuen from ij vnces to iiij and the conserue is geuen from one vnce and an half vnto thre vnces Thus much may ye geue when as ye are disposed to pourge with violettes at other tymes whē ye intend not to purge / ye may geue lesse then is here before appoynted Of the Missel or Misselto tre and lyme made of the same out of Dioscorides THe best missel byrde lyme / is freshe resemblinge a leke in color within / but somthynge yelow wythoute / and hath no rough thyng / nether any dirt or thinges lyke bran in it It is made of a certayn round fruyte that groweth in an oke / the leafe of the bushe / that beareth it / is lyke vnto boxe It groweth also in apple and crab trees peare trees and other trees / and somtyme at the rootes of sombushes Out of Theophrast Viscum Virgil also declareth thesame in these two verses folowynge Quale solet syluis brumalis frigore viscum Fronde virere noua quod non sua seminat arbos By these places rehearsed / a man maye learne to vnderstande this prouerbe Turdus ipse sibi malum cacat The thurse shyteth mischefe her selfe She shiteth out the miscel berries well prepared in her bodye / and layeth them vpon the tre / the berries grow into a bushe / and the bushe bringeth furth berries / and of the berries the fouler maketh byrde lyme / where wyth afterward he taketh the thrushe / and so the thrushe hath shitten oute her oune destruction I neuer sawe more plentye of righte oke miscel / then Hugh Morgan shewed me in London It was sente to hym oute of Essex where as there is more plentye then in anye other place of Englande that I haue ben in The vertue of Miscell and miscel byrd lyme MIscel burde lyme / hath the poure to driue awaye / to soften / to drawe / to make ripe impostemes / called pinos impostemes behinde the eares / and other impostemes wyth like quantite of rosin and waxe Wyth Frankincense it softeneth old sores and rebel lius impostemes It melteth a swelled milt / if it be sodden and layd to wyth a gete stone or the Asiane stone Oute of Galene VIscum is made of an aerishe / waterishe hote nature / and a litle earthly substance / for the sharpnes of it / excedeth the bitternes It draweth oute humores myghtely from the grounde / and it scattereth abrode such as are grosse / and rypeth them The maner of lyme of Missel berries out of Dioscorides DIoscorides supposeth that no byrde lyme is made of any miscel / sauinge only of it of the oke but other haue proued / that it maye be made also of the miscel of the Fyre tre It is made thus Bruse fyrst the berries / and then washe them / and afterwarde seth them in water Some vse to make the lime by chowynge of the berries in theyr mouth Out of Plinye MIssel byrde lyme is made of the berries which are gathered in the haruest tyme for if the rayn come vpon them / indede they growe greater / but that rotteth awaye that shoulde become lyme After that they be gathered / they must be dried / and then beaten / they let them rot xij dayes in water This thinge alone getteth goodnes by rottinge Then bruse them in a running water wyth a male / vntill the skinnes of the berries be all gone / and the lyme waxe tough Of the tre called Vitex VItex is named in Greke agnos or ligos / som translate agnon into amerinam / as Theodore / and oure Linaker do But amerina is a kinde of salicis viminalis in Columella / whiche is also called salix sabina The apothecaries call Viticem / agnum castum In som place of Germany the apothecaries vse priuet for agno / and in England they abuse shamfully tutsam / for agno I haue sene it growyng at the black freres in Ferraria / and afterward in Peter Cowdenberges gardin in Anwerp It hath fruyte and leaues lyke vnto Hemp / wherefore it maye be called Hemp tre / or of the vertue that it hath / Chast tre Out of Dioscorides VItex is a bushe lyke a tre It groweth besyde riuers / rough places / and valees It hath long boughes hard to breake The leaues are lyke olyue leaues / but tenderer The one kinde hath a whyte floure wyth a thinge resemblinge purple The other hath a floure only purple The sede is lyke peper so far Dioscorides The vertues of Chaste tre IT hath vertue to heate and to binde The sede of it dronken / is good for the bitinge of venemous beastes / for them that haue the dropsey / and the swellinge of the milte It increaseth also milke / and bringeth doune floures If it be dronken wyth wyne in the quantite of a dram / it resolueth and wasteth awaye the sede It vexeth the heade and maketh a man slepe The broth of the leaues and sede made to sit in / helpeth the inflammationes and diseases about the mother If it be dronken with pennye ryall / and the sede made after the maner of a perfume / and also layd to / stereth vp a purgation If it be layde in / it easeth also the