him LO Six a paire of sheeres a rasor a lancet a sound a tirball a needle CO. How many thinges are to be obserued by the Chirurgian before he vndertake any operation LO According to Haly Abbas there are fiue The first to knowe well the temperament of the patience The second he must knowe the sicknesse and nature thereof The third whether it be curable or not The fourth remidies proper and meete for the disease The fift the right way to applie such remedies as be nedefull of all these he ought to giue good reason and authoritie of such famous men as haue written of this science CO. In how many things consisteth chieflye the contemplation of Chirurgerie LO In three things according to Fuchius CO. Which are they LO The first are those things that concurre to the making constitution of our bodie and therefore are called thinges naturall the second are those thinges which conserue the bodie from sicknesse and being rightly vsed nourishe the same our auntients call them thinges vnnaturall because if they bee immodâ—ratly and ill vsed they bee altogether contrarie to our bodies the thirde are those things which be indeede contrarie to our bodies and therefore are called things contrarie to nature as Galen writeth CO. Tell mee some thinge more particulerly of these contemplations of Chirurgerie LO I am contented if your leisure doth permit CO. Then we will in the nexr Chapter followe out naturall thinges The third Chapter of naturall thinges in Generall LO May it please you to prosecute the discourse of natural things seing we haue alredie intreated of Chirurgerie in generall of the operatioÌ„s instrumentes Chirurgaticalls CO. I like verie well of this methode howe many naturall things are reckoned by the ChirurgiaÌ„ LO Seauen the first is called Element the second Temperament or complexion the thirde humors the fourth members the fift vertues or faculties the sixt works and effectes of vertues the seauenth Spirites The Fourth chapter of Elements CO. Seeing according to your former diuision of naturall thinges Element is the first then what is an Element LO It is the most simple part whereof any thing is made in the distruction thereof is lastly resolued CO. Howe many elements are there LO Two according to the contemplation of Chirurgerie viz. simples or intilligibles composed oâ— sensibles CO. Which are the intelligibles LO Those which are knowne only by the speculatioÌ„ iudgement the which was first obserued by Hypocrates CO. How many are they in number LO They are foure according to Arist to wit the fire the ayre the water and the earth the which haue foure diuers qualities hot cold moyst and drie CO. Are these foure Elements otherwise distinguished LO They are distinguished also according to their lightnesse and heauinesse CO. Which are the light LO The fire and the ayre and seeketh vpward by reason of their lightnesse CO. Which are the heauie LO The water and the earth and by reason of their heauinesse they moue downwards CO. Which are sensible elements LO They are similar or like parts of our bodies as sayth Galen CO Howe many are they in number LO Twelue to wit the bones the cartilages flesh nerues vaines arters pannicles ligameÌ„ts tendons the skin the fat grease the marrowe to the which twelue similar partes some adde parts made of the superfluities of our bodie as the haire and nailes The fift chapter of temperameÌ„ts wherin is shewed the teÌ„perature of mans body of euery nation and foure seasons of the yeare CO. What is Temperament LO It is a mixtion of the foure qualities of the Elements as sayth Auicen or as sayth Galen it is a confusion or mixing of hot cold drie and moyst CO. How many sorts of complexions are there LO Two to wit well tempered and composed or euill tempered CO. What is temperament well tempered LO It is that which is equally composed of the Foure qualities of the Elements of the which compositioÌ„ and substance amongst all naturall things there is but one so tempered which is the inner skin of the hand chiefly in the extremities of the fingers as sayth Galen and is called temperamentum ad pondus There is another kind of this called temperament ad Iusticiam which is according to iudgment CO. What is temperament ad Iustitiam LO It is that which is composed according to the exigence and dignitie of nature is known by his operatioÌ„s for when any thinge naturally hath his operations verie perfit we esteeme it tempered ad Iusticiam CO. What is temperament euill tempered LO It is that in the which one Element gouerneth and hath dominion more than other as the hot doth surpasse the cold and so forth CO. How many euill temperaments are there LO There are diuers which indeede passe not the Limits of health for some surpasse the temperate in one simple qualitie some in too composed and so forth CO. How many simple qualities are there LO Foure as you haue heard hot drie colde humide in like maÌ„ner there are foure composed to wit hot drie hot and humide cold and drie cold humide of the which Galen hath openly written CO. What partes of our bodies are attributed to these foure qualities LO To the heate we attribute the parts most hot of our bodies as the spirit the heart the blood the lyuer the kidnies the flesh the muscules arters veines skin and milt To the cold wee attribute the haire bones cartilage ligameÌ„ts tendioâ—s membraines nerues the braines the fat grease To the humide qualities the braines the blood the fat grease the flesh the papps the stones lights lyuer kidnies marrow To the drie the haire the bones cartilages membraines ligameÌ„ts tendons arters veines nerues the skinne neuerthelesse some exceede others in these qualities as you may perceiue by their order For it is necessary in healing wounds vlcers to know the teÌ„perature of euery part for other remedies are to be vsed in hard dry parts than in soft and humide parts CO. How are the foure qualities coÌ„pared to the foure quarters of the yere LO The spring time is hot humide most healthfull as saith Hiopocrates continueth froÌ„ the X. of March vntill the XI of Iune The soÌ„mer begins at the XI day of Iune endeth on the XIII day of SepteÌ„ber and is hot dry The Autume or haruest froÌ„ the XIII day of September vntill the XIII day of December is cold drie very vnhealthfull sickly the which sicknesses if they continue till Winter are most daÌ„gerous The winter froÌ„ the XIII day of DeceÌ„ber vntil the X. day of March is cold humide in this time of the yere men eat much ingeÌ„der abundaÌ„ce of crudities of the which coÌ„meth diuers sicknesses Co. How many ways know yee the temperature of mans body Lo. Fiue waies to wit by the constitutioÌ„ of the whole body by the operations
see in the ende of Sommer and Autumne great maladies and dangerous sometimes the plague as writeth Cardanus for it entreth into our bodies by the mouth and nose when we respire of the which often are ingendred maladies very difficill CO. Whereof proceedeth the varietie of the qualities of the ayre LO Of three thinges like as of Regions or Countries of windes and of the scituation of the place where we are CO Howe proceedeth the varietie of the ayre by Countries LO There are some which are euill tempered and others well tempered according to the Climate where they are scituated like as vnder the pole Articke and Antarticke the farre distant sunne beames which maketh the temperature extreame colde for the which it is inhabitable yet there are some habitables like as Scythia and other such Countries vnder the equinoctiall Lyne the intemperature is so extreame hotte because of the right reflexion of the Sunne especially betweene the circle Articke Cancer like as in the Antarticke and Capricorne the aire is more temperate chiefly in the middest according to the approaching of the Sunne as wee see in the foure seasons of the yeere Cardanus sayth that those Countries which are mountainous are most temperate and that a man may liue an hundreth yeeres in such places Plinie sayth that men beastes and trees are farre stronger and more barbarous in hillie partes then in other partes and that for their great libertie Those which dwell in lowe partes and valleyes are more effeminate as sayth Titus Liuius CO. Seeing the ayre is so necessary for the curation of malladies is there no way to alter and accommodate it by arte to the sicknesse LO Yes verily and for this cause Hippocrates counselleth in malladies cronickes to chaunge the ayre and countrie and in maladies commitialles to chaunge the ayre countrie and nouriture Galen counselleth those who haue vlcers in the lightes to dwell at Rome because there the ayre is very drye in common sickenesses wee helpe the ayre somewhat by Arte like as in feuers which are hotte and drie wee chuse a house which is colde and humide diuers windowes for the euentilation thereof or windes made by Arte also by casting colde water through the house by spreading and strawing of flowers and braunches of trees which are colde and humide like as violettes roses wilde vine berrie trees and such like also beware to haue many people in the chamber as counselleth Cardanus But when the sicknesses are cold and humide as feuers putrified catarres hydropises tumors pituitous wee chuse houses which are hotte and drie Also to spread and strawe flowers hearbes braunches of trees which are hotte and drie as cammomile sage lauander marierome spinnage and such like Vnder the signification of the ayre in this place wee vnderstand all manner of windes little and great the which is most necessarie to be considered because they doe not onely alter and chaunge the body but also the spirite It goeth by the nose to the braine by the mouth to the heart by the pores of the skinne and mouing of the arters thorough all the bodie it furnisheth the aliment to our spirites for this cause the diuine Hippocrates noteth that the good and euill disposition of our spirites and humours dependeth of the constitution of the ayre and windes For wee see where there is great trouble varietie of windes the people are arrogant difficill to be gouerned and very cruell CO. Seeing that of the winde these accidentes fall let me knowe what is Winde LO Hippocrates saith it is no other thing but an vnstable motion of the ayre the which beeing stirred by some motion it purgeth CO. What nature is it of LO It is hotte and drie like as it is made of an exhalation hotte and drie CO. Howe many diuers sortes of windes are there LO There are foure principall to wit Eurus from the East hot and drie Zephyrus from the West colde and humide Auster froÌ„ the South hot humide putrifactiue it passeth by the sea Mediterrane Boreas froÌ„ the North cold drie resisting against putrifaction Arist attributeth two collaterall to each of these foure so in all maketh 12. some make two and thirtie like as the Marriners but the exact contemplation of these matters is not much requisite in a Chirurgian Bodin saith in his common wealths that the winds make great varietie in vs for in countries where the wind is violent great the people are turbulent in spirite and there where the woundes are not so violent the people are of a more quiet spirit CO. What meane you by scituation or place LO I meane as to be scituated towards the sea stanks dubbs mosses and such as you haue heard also those who haue no other aspect but eyther to the South which is humide and putrifactiue or to the West which is cold and humide Also to be dwelling in ground which is fat the aire is hot and humide and in ground that is full of Sand hot and drie and in Marsh grounde and Fennes cold and humide or in Stonie grounde which is colde and drie Titus Liuius sayth that the places change the nature of our bodies as those which dwell in Mountaines differ from those which dwell in lowe places also sayth he those places and Countries which are fertill the men are ordinarily Cowards giuen to lust the Countries and places barren the people are more hardie and ingenious quicke spirited Arist sayth those that dwell in cold Regions are proude cruell and barbarous in their manners verie strong in hot countries they are wise and more fearefull those which dwell in low Marsh Countries are dull sleepie the which proceedeth of the disposition of the aire The second Chapter of meate and drinke CO. Seeing the aliment is no lesse to be coÌ„sidered for the preseruatioÌ„ of the health than the aire it is necessarie to know what is aliment with the diuers sorts thereof LO Aliment is that which augmenteth and nourisheth our bodiâ—â— CO. How many kinds of alimentes are there LO There are diuers sorts like as flesh fishes hearbes fruites corne drinke naturall artificiall condimentes simple and compound CO. Are they all vsed after one intention LO No they are of diuers natures and must bee vsed in diuers manners according to the temperature of the bodie as writeth Cardanus CO. What sort of norriture ought we to vse most commonly LO That which nourisheth well ingendreth good iuice of the which Galen his wryting in his bookes of the facultie of Aliments and in the booke of Conseruation of health as also Hipocrates in diuers places CO. In the vsing of Alimentes how many things are there to bee obserued LO Nine to wit the goodnes the quantitie the qualitie the vse and custome the appetite the order the hower the age and time of the yeare CO. First then we must consider that he who woulde haue his bodie entertayned in good health must vse meates
man haue an vlcer whether it be come to him before his sickenesse or in the sickenesse and the sicke die that vlcer shall bee before hee die drie blewe or pale The same Hippocrates saith also that those who haue vlcers accompanied with tumor doe neither fall in conuulsion rauing nor phrensie but if the tumor goe away without manifest cause if the vlcer be in the backe the sicke falleth in spasme if before in the bodie in rauing and phrensie if in the thorax before he falleth in empâ—â—m and pleurisie all vlcers accompanied with varices or inteÌ„perie and those also that haue the sides hard are difficill to heale all vlcers in the extremities of the muscles of the legges and armes are difficill and dangerous as also those which penetrate in the bodie such vlcers as chaunce in the extremities of the bodie as in the feete or handes make oft phlegmons or other tumors against nature and in crisis of a maladie are difficill CO. Which are those which are of easie curation LO Those which happen in bodies of good complexion in the which none of the foresaid accidentes doe happen CO. Which are the chiefe causes that hinder the healing of vlcers LO According to Galen the chiefe cause is want of good bloud to ingender flesh or else that it is euill either by quantitie or qualitie of it selfe also dolor intemperie apostume contusion erisipelas echymois superfluous flesh hardnesse callositie of the sides corruption of the boane varices hemoragie of bloud also roundnesse in figure for the which Hippocrates counselleth if the vlcer bee round to put on it an other forme Imbecillitie of the part vlcered indisposition of the lyuer or milte retention of the monethly course in women and of the hemerroihdes and also the applying of medicines vnmeete for such vlcers Many ignorant barbors faile herein thinking one kinde of emplaister to bee good for all sores in the which they are deceiued for hee that would cure vlcers must first take away the cause as also the impedimentes and accidentes otherwise he trauaileth in vaine as saith Paulus for the perfourmance whereof we must ordayne first good dyet secondly take away the cause antecedent to witte the humor which falleth which shall be done by purging bleeding according to the cause on the parte thirdly correct and heale the accidents and indispositions which accompanie the vlcer these thinges done hee may come to the curation hereof as shall be particularly set downe of euery kinde of vlcer in his proper place The second Chapter of Vlcers sanions and the Curation thereof AS in the former Chapter I haue spoken of Vlcers in generall of their difference cause signes and iudgements cure so now I will particularly intreat of them All Vlcers are either simple or composed with some other maladie the simple Vlcer requireth onely desiccation those which are composed and ioyned with some other accident except those accidentes be taken away cannot heale for the cure of the which there are foure Intentions first in the way of life which shall bee according to the strength of the sicke nature of the maladie aboundance of the humors in the bodie as if the humors be hotte and sharpe we ordaine colde thinges The second Intention is in diuerting and intercepting the matter antecedent which is done by purgations and bleeding if the strength permit also by frictions ligators application of emplaisters that haue the force to repell the matter The third Intention is in correcting the accidents ioyned with the vlcer as dolor tumor contusion excrescence of the flesh callositie of the lippes rottennesse of the boane varice and wormes First then wee must labor to take away the intemperie which shall be knowne by the colour of the member by the touching and feeling of the patient which sometime is hotte sometime colde which if it be drie wee remedie it by purgation and bleeding also if neede be foment the place with hotte water till it growe redde as counselleth Galen thereafter vse this vnguent made of mallowes sodden in water with a little hogges grease and honney mixed with nutritum ceratum galeni rosatum populeon incorporate with plantaine water morrell and housleeke If the Intemperie be humide vse vnguents that drie as pompholigos de plumbo cerusa allom water vnguent basilicon citrinum fuscum de althea or this fomentation of claret wine in the which hath beene sodden roses betonie wormewood roch allom If the Intemperie bee cold we foment the part onely with wine wherein wormewood hath beene sodden hyssope calamint rosemary vnguent basilicon de althea If the Intemperie be hotte we remedie it by water of plantaine solanum housleeke or vnguentum rubrificum cum camphora or cerat galen if there be dolor with vlcer which commeth of intemperie erosion of a subtill humor or solution of continuitie or plenitude of grosse humors or a flatuous spirite for the which take vnguent populeon oyle of yolkes of egges vnguentum album camphoratum with other such as are in tumors if the dolor be vehement we make a cataplasme narcotick of barly flowre oyle of roses henbane mandrager poppie all sodden in milk If the dolor be accompanied with tumor first looke to the cause of it thereafter ordayne the dyet straight and cold bleeding purging according to the nature of the humor with such particular remidies as ye haue heard in tumors The excrescence of the fleshe shal be taken away with caâ—ters rasors sheeres pouder of mercurâ—â— burnt allom â—â—â—stum squama aeris vnguentum aegiptiacum apostulorum vitrioli romani The hardnes is cured by Remollientes and Resoluentes as goose henns ducke and calues greace oyle of Lillies lumbricorum vulpinum muscilaginis of althea and fenigreci basilicon diachilon magnum de muscilaginibus thereafter scarifie as couÌ„selleth Auicen then put pouder of mercurie or cut it with a Rasor to the soft part If the vlcer become blacke and Red scarifie it and lette it bleede well and applye thinges drying If it bee accompanyed with Varice it must bee taken awaye as yee haue heard in the Chapter of Varix If there be rottensse in the bone yee shall haue recouse to the proper Chapter If there be wormes in the vlcer wee must consume the rottennes and humiditie they are ingendered of and kill them also take the decoction of Wormewood Agrimonie Centorie Calamint which is to wash the vlcers also in the eares fasting spittle is good for vlcers in the eares and make the Cicatrize well fauoured with the foresayde dococtioÌ„ wash the vlcers as also with Oyle of Wormwood the pouder Aloes mixed with the Oyle of Absynthe and a little waxe is verye good Millefolum taken the weight of one dramme in white Wine sleaeth the wormes in bellie also The fourth intention consisteth in healing of the places vlcered which shall bee doone in taking away the impediments as ye haue heard thereafter ciâ—atrize the vlcer with such
functioÌ„s by the countries wherin men are born by the color by the age which being al coÌ„sirered we may iudg of euery mans coÌ„plexion CO. How know you the teÌ„perature of mans body by the coÌ„stiturioÌ„s Lo. Galen saith those which are fat be cold like as fatnes is ingeÌ„dered of a cold habitude Those that be grosse full of flesh be hot because much flesh is ingeÌ„dered of great abundaÌ„ce of blod as saith AuiceÌ„ Co. How know you the teÌ„perature of maÌ„s body by the operatioÌ„s Lo. Galen saith that any creature plant or hearb is of a good temperature wheÌ„ they do well their functioÌ„s natural Co. How by the natioÌ„s or countries know you the temperatur Lo. The people towards the South are melaÌ„cholick cruel vindicatyf always timide they are subiect to bee mad furious as often chanceth in the Realme of Feze and Marock in Africk Ethiopia and Egipt where there is a great number of mad men they are also subiect to be lepre chiefly in Ethiopia they be leane pale coloured black eyed and are hot by the natural aire Galen they are also subiect to Venus gaimes because of the melancholicke spumous humor which is cause that the Kings of that countrie haue had all times a great nuÌ„ber of wiues Concubines so that some haue had three hundreth foure hundreth some a Thousand as reporteth Bodin in his commonwealth They are subiect to the falling sickenesse and Scrofules and feuer quartane yet they are wise modest and moderate in their actions they are also proper for the contemplation of naturall and diuine thinges they haue little interior heate and for that cause are abstinent because they cannot digest much meate so we may saye that those people being subiect to greatest sicknesses and vices are also adorned with greatest vertues where they are good The people towards the North are cold and humide neyther so wicked nor deceytfull they are faithfull and true yet because they are of a grosser wit and more strength they are more cruell barbarous they haue greater force and are stroÌ„ger by reason of the thicknes coldnes of the blood they be verie couragious for the great abundance of blood and smaler iudgment they haue great heate in their interior partes and therefore eate well and drinke better which is an vnhappie vice They are highe in stature great bodied more beautyfull than those of the South lesse giueÌ„ to the lust of the flesh lesse subiect to ielosie which is a common vice to the people towards the East as Greekes and Turkes or West as Spayne such like countries But principally the people of the South from whom is come the vse to geld men whome they call Eunuches to keepe their wiues Moreouer they who are towards the North are more laborious and giuen to artes mechanicks more proper for wars than sciences The people betwixt the South and the North as Italie Faunce and such like be almost of the Northen peoples temperature but somewhat hotter they haue lesse internall heate and force than the Northern people but more theÌ„ they of the South and therefore decide their quarrells oftener by reason than force Yet it is certaine that they of the Weste draw more to the qualities of those of the North like as those of the East to the conditions of those of the South CO. How know you by the coulor mans temperature LO Galen sayth those which are of color somewhat red yellow or blew be of a hot temperature those which are blacke white or leade color are of a cold complexioÌ„ otherwise be the foure colors the red the yellow the blacke the white the red is ordinarily sanguine the black is melancholy the yellow is collericke the white is Phlegmatick CO. How know you mans temperature by the age LO For as much as there is a perticuler of the age we will deferre it till we come to that chapter CO. By what outward marks know you euery mans coÌ„plexion LO He of the sanguine complexion is fleshie liberall louing amiable gratious merrie ingenious audacious giuen to Venus game red coloured with diuers other qualities which sheweth the domination of the blood and it is hot and humide is in good health in sommer and in winter by reason of his humidity The cholericke is hastie prompt in all his affaires enuious couetous subtill hardy angrie valiant prodigall leane yellow coloured and is hot and drie is in good health in winter The Flegmaticke is fat soft white sleepie slothfull dull of vnderstanding heauie much spitting white coloured finallie his temperature essentiall or accidentall is cold and moist and in good health in sommer The Melancholicke which is eyther by nature or accident of colour liuide and plumbin and solitarie coward timide sad enuious curious auaritious leane weake tardife and so foorth and is cold and drie and are well in haruest As touching the complexioÌ„ of euery age you shal heare in the chapter of age and for the complexioÌ„ of euery part of the body ye shall heare in the poore mans guide The sixt Chapter of Humors CO. Thou knowest that the most part of all sicknesses proceedeth and are entertayned by some humor and sometime by sundry humors together therfore it is most necessarie that the Chirurgian know perfectly the humors of our bodies to the end he giue the better order for the curation of maladies then tell me what is an humor LO It is a thin substance into the which our nourishment is first conuerted or it is an naturall Ius that the body is intertained norished or conserued with CO. Wherof proceedeth the humors LO Of the iuice or chiles which is made in the stomack of the aliment wee are nuorished with changed by the naturall heate of the stomacke and parts neere thereto therafter brought to the lyuer by the veines meseraicks and maketh the foure humors which differeth in nature and kind CO. How many humors are there LO There are foure which represent the foure Elements aswell by the substance as qualities whereof euery thing is made Galen calleth them the elements of our body CO which are the foure humors Lo. The blood the phlegme the choller and melancholie CO. What is the blood LO It is an humor hot aerious of good consistance red coloured swete tasted most necessarie for the nourishment of the parts of our body which are hot and humide ingendered in the lyuer retayned in the veines and is compared to the aire as sayth Galen CO. What is phlegmie LO It is an humor cold and humide thyn in consistance white coloured when it is in the veines it nourisheth the parts cold and humide it lubrifieth the the mouing ef the ioynts is compared to the water CO. What is chollâ—r LO It is an humor hot and drie of thyn and subtill consistence black coloured bitter tasted proper to nourish the parts hot and dry it is comparrd to the fire
into the skin this way of ligature may be vsed in diuers partes of our bodie The blood being staunched we vse this following astringent pouder Rec. boli aimenici 3. ounces farine volatilis 2. ounces picis resine sanguinis draconis an one dram of this pouder you shall cast on the wound with drie flax thereafter an astringent or defensiue made of the foresaide pouders with whites of Egges and oyle of Roses lay it on flax in like manner that shall bee wett in oxycrate to couer the sore thereafter take a doubled cloth sufficient to couer the sore partes neare to it wet it likewise in oxycrate wherein cast the foresayd defensiue thy bandes wet likewise in oxycrate bind it well so that it be neither too straight nor too slack then situate the member in good sort and remoue it not in three daies chiefly in winter which is to be obserued according to the accidents which happen In changing these remedies beware to take away the sâ—are or knotts of the thread for auoyding whereof we rubbe the part with cerot of Galen to the end the defensiue cleaue not to it If there chance any veine or arter to open we shall dissolue a little vitrioll in vineger and lay on the veine on flax the breadth of a Groate this will stay it presently as I haue often proued If two or three open cause thy seruant to put his fingers on them and knit them as ye haue hearde afore The second dressing shall be done in the same maner or at least some astringment chiefly on the veines and arters and so continue till such time that there is no more feare of blood which will continue 8. or 10. dayes on the rest of the wound vse digestâ—â— made in this forme Take Turpintine well washed in Plantine water vnc 4. hony of Roses vnc 1. barley flower halfe an ounce twoo yolkes of Egges and incorporate all well together and lay it on the sore till it be perfectly suppured thereafter mundificatiue dâ—appio apostolorum such like with this emplaster composed of equall portions of Diapalma and red Desiccatiue for a certaine time next vse this Cicatrizant to the entier curatioÌ„ Take tutia praeparatae plumbi crudi antimonij crudi corticis granati balaâ—stiorum nucis muschatae boli armenici sanguinis draconis an drag 1. accipiantur omnia simuli cuÌ„ vnciis tribus vnguenti diapompholâ—gos fiat magdaleon bone consistentiae In the meane time if there be any excrescence of flesh we correct it with pouder of alume sauine or oker or pouder of Mercurie taken in a little quantity these or any of them may be applyed alone or mixed with some vnguent This operation is most learnedly set down by my good friend M. William Clowes one of her Maiesties Chirurgians in his obseruation with an sure methode to staye the flux of blood For a further declaration of the premisses I will recite a historie which I did see during the siege of Paris where through great hunger cold and other miseries hapened many grieuous sicknesses as gangrens and mortifications amongst the rest there was a Spanish souldior who had blacknes on the toes of his feete as if they had been burnt I cut off his toes scarified the rest and vsed such remedies that he healed Shortly after there hapened the like in the toes of the other foote which I would haue cut and cured as the first but he esteeming it a deformitie would not suffer mee so that the griefe by delay waxed so violent and furious that by the aduise of the best Chirurgians in Paris at that time I was constrayned to cut off the whole legge so helped him This historie haue I alledged to shewe the daunger of delay and that if any such thing happen wee should not deferre it but proceede as ye haue heard Thus we end the tumors which proceede of the sanguine humor and hereafter we will prosecute those which come of choller beginning first with Erisipelas The seauenth Chapter of tumors Bilions called by the Latins Flaua bilis and first of Erisipelas WE said that there were 2 sorts of hot tumors to wit Phlegmon whereof we haue spoken and Erisipelas whereof in this Chapter we will speake Erisipelas is a tumor which proceedeth of the humor chollerick with great inflamation dolors for the most part not eminent without pulsation and is of pale and red colour It is called in Greeke Erisipelas in Latin Iguis sacer in our tongue wild fire it differeth not greatly from Phlegmon as sayth Galen some esteeme them to differ because the one proceedeth of blood the other of choller they differ also in coulor the one is red the other oftentimes pale the phlegmon entreth deepe in the flesh and muscles and so remaineth in the skin Of this there are two sorts the first is the true Erisipelas which commeth of chollâ—r only but when it is mixed with the humors there commeth three kindes of it as ye haue heâ—d in phlegmon The cause of this tumor is abundance of the chollerick humor great heate of the sunne stroakes falles and vsing of hot medicaments which mooue the fluxion and drawe the humor to any part of the body The signes are these the tumor is liâ—â—e vehement heate dolor mordicant sieldome commeth to maturitie it appeareth often in the neck and face by reason of the tendernesse of the skin the coulor is not perfetered but mixed and so is somewhat pale If it bee vlcered it is better then if it strike in that which commeth out is good that which appeareth in the the face and in woundes is euill those which happen in the matrix are mortall those which appeare in the heade are verie daungerous and if good remedies bee not vsed the partie dyeth as sayth Aegineta As touching the curation there are twoo thinges to bee obserued euacuation generall and refrigeration with consolidation of the part the waye of life shal be colde and humide contrarie to the humor which is hot and drie as ye haue hearde in the generall Chapter abstayne from wine stronge drinke all sweete thinges from anger vehement exercise greate heate and such like The humor must bee euacuated by purgations clisters and bleeding and sometime scarified if it become liuide being first fomented with hot water and vse thinges on the sore which are colde and humide as Solanum Housleeke Lettice Succorie Vmbilicus Veneris Cucumbers take the iuyce or water of these or anye of them wet a cloth therein and laye it on the sore which is most expedient when it is in the face also colde water and oxycrate as counselleth Galen and Auicen for the same purpose cerot Galâ—n oft washed in plantine water is verye good If there be vehement dolour as oft chaunceth the rootes and leaues of Henbane being rosted vnder the ashes and mixed with a litle Populeon are very good likewise vnguentuÌ„
heard in others as dolor pricking tensioÌ„ rednes feuer The cure consisteth in vniuerâ—all perticuler remidies vniuersall as purgatioÌ„s bleeding chiefly of the veines saphens veÌ„tosing friction on the thighes with other coÌ„uenient remedies for the prouocatioÌ„ of the purgations as ye shall heare at length in the treatise of the diseases in womeÌ„ Vse good diet tending to humidity The perticular remedies differ not froÌ„ others sauing that we vse familiar weake repercussiues because it is nere to the noble parts in the beginning it shal be good to foment the pappe with hot water vineger oyle of roses or this take the flowers of camomill lyn-seede fenegreck of ech half a pound the iuyce of mallowes roses and plantine of each three ounces vineger two ounces wet a cloth therein and lay on the sore If it tend to maturation vse this the crum of white bread and beane meale of ech halfe an ounce flower of Fenegreck half an ounce Mallowes althea and lillie roots of ech a little seeth them in milk putting therto the yolke of an egge fresh butrer a little saffion when it is come to suppuration open it with canter or lancet vacuate the humor and cure it as other apostumes make a bandage to holde it vp and labour not with the arme on the sore side for that maketh attraction of milke to it The sixteene Chapter of the Tumor in the thorax câ—lled Pleurisie PLeurisie is an inflammation and tumor of the membranes which knitte couer the ribbes whereof there are two sortes false and true the false is outward in the muscles of the short ribbes the true is that which cometh in the membranes which knitte the ribbes The Cause is externe and interne the externe is great heate or colde also great vsage of strong wine or very cold water violent exercise or colde ayre after great heat the internall cause is great repletion of all the body foure humors but chiefly the bloud and choler which make the most subtill part of the bloud ascend from the veine caue to the veine azigos thereafter in the muscles veines membranes inteâ—â—stals The Signes as saith Galen are great dolor from the shoulders to the nethermost ribbe punction in the side continuall feuer difficultie of respiring coughing hard pulse great alteration with want of appetite The Iudgementes are these that which commeth on the right side is not so dangerous as on the left if the spittle be blacke liuide and viscous with continual cough and vehement dolor long continuing it is mortall If the vrine bee thicke blewe or blacke it is mortall if the cough bee very drie and cease not it is an â—uill signe If the spittle be white light equal with little cough and the patient sleepeth well good appetite and the vrine redde coloured it is a good signe The Cure consisteth in vniuersall and particular remedies vniuersall as clisters bleeding in both the armes chiefly in the side opposite to the sore keeping good dyet abstayning from all strong drinke women violent exercises perturbations of the minde the particular shall be cataplasmes and linimentâ—s of flowers of camomill melllot annise seede linâ— seede and fenâ—greâ— if the dolor bee great and doth continue Fuchius counselleth frequent applycation of ventouses with scarrification of the parte affected If by these remedies the paine doth not cease neither that ye perceiue any euacuation of the humor neither by the mouth vrine nor fundament it is to be suspected to turne into Empiem which is a collection of matter betweene the ribbes and the region of the lightes sometime with corruption hereof for the which we make incision either by canter or lancet but rather by the canter for neither doth it close so soone nor is so dolorous the opening shall be betweene the third and fourth of the true ribbes beginning at the nethermost and so counting vpwarde sixe inches from the ridge of the backe If yee see tumor eminent in any place of the thorax open it in the most conuenient place Hippocrates counselleth to decouer the third ribbe and bore it with a trepan to let out the humor when it is open put in a hollowe tente either of siluer or leade let not all the matter auoyde at one time but by little and little and cure it as other apostumes The seuenteenth Chapter of the Tumor in the nauell called in Greeke â—â—câ—mphalon or Eminentia vmbilici VVHen the Peritone is dilated or riuen the Nauell doth swell or tumifie in such sort that sometime it riueth the cause is often in the midwife that either knitteth too neare or too long by the neere knitting either it slippeth breaketh or causeth conuulsion other grieuous diseases by the too long knitting it giueth place to the intestine or â—mentum or some bloud or fleshe waterie or windie vapors doe occupie the eminent place The Signes are knowne by the diuersitie of the matter contayned therein as if the omentum it is softe and in cullour not different from the rest of the flesh if the intestine the tumor is softe and inequall and returneth into the capacitie with a noyse if humiditie or vapours the signes are as in waterie and windie tumors if bloud which happeneth through the infecting of some veine or arter the signes are as in aueâ—â—risma if excrescence of flesh the tumor is hard and obeyeth not easily The Iudgements are these when the dilation is great it healeth not easily and often riueth by some violence or coughing The Cure is first in good regiment tending to sobrietie abstayning from all statuous meates and such as ingender crudities little mouing and such like Particular remedies consist in emplaisters astringent or the emplaister set downe in the practise of Petrus de Angilla also fomentations astringent and bandages chiefely in the beginning If that helpe not reduce the puddinges and quafe and cause the sicke to hold in his breath till ye knit the production let it fall of it selfe and produce the cicatrice If it bee riuen by violence or great cough that the intestine commeth out as happened to a woman whom I cured in Paris yee shall inlarge the wounde with a conuenient instrument reduce the intestine and vse the sutor pellitor and cure it as other woundes If there bee winde and water in the place cure it as ye shall heare more at large set downe in the Chapter of Hernes The eighteene Chapter of the Tumor in the belly called Hydrâ—psie HIdropsie is a Tumor against nature ingendred of great quantitie of water winde or phlegme sometime dispersed through the whole bodie and is called vniuersall otherwhiles in some part thereof is called particular most commonly in the capacitie of the Peritone of the which there are three kindes to witte ascites timpanites and anasarca Ascites is a maladie that causeth the bellie and legges
to swell through a waterie humor the rest of the body is small and leane Tympanites is a maladie in the which is more flatuositie and lesse humor and in touching soundeth like a drumme Anasarca or Lâ—ncophlegmatia is a disease wherewith the whole bodie but chiefely the priuie partes are swollen with a pituitous humor white and clare accompanied with feuer The cause is either externe or interne externe as stroakes falles heate colde fluxe of bloud or great and long running of the hemerhoides or through dissenteria also great vsage of humide meates as sewens euill water and such like whereof we had good proofe at the siege of Paris also euill regiment Plato saith that in the time of Apollo and Aesculapius neither caiter nor hydropsie nor many other diseases which now raigne were knowne and that through their great sobrietie The cause interne commeth chiefely of the vertue alteratrix and concoctrix of the liuer in like manner apostumes of the liuer also passions of the stomacke through the vice of the veines meseraicks intestine matrix bladder lightes milte and kidneâ—s The Iudgementes are that all hydropsies after a hotte feuer or in the feuer are euill if after apostume of the liuer it receiueth no curation if by vsing remedies the sicke groweth better within 3. or 4. daies is ill againe he healeth not if hee become laxatiue and haue no ease of his paine it is mortall if the spittle the breath and extremities do stink they are signes of death if flux with difficultie of respration he shall die within three dayes of all sorts ascites is the worst those that are yong and robust vsing exercise and if the humor be not putrified may be cured For the cure hereof there are 3. intentioÌ„s the first is good diet tending to hot and drie of good nourriture and light digestion it is good not to drinke at all but if it be any let it be a little old man I knewe a man that was cured by abstayning from drinke halfe a yeare Anthonius Bene uenius reporteth that he knew men cured by abstayning from drink a yeare without vsing any other remedies Let their bred be of barley wherwith shal be mingled the pouder of wormwood annisseede betonie calamint calamus aromaticus succorie fennell which thinges may also bee put in their pottage drinke asses goates milke is also good The second intention is with fomentions and vnguentes resotiues as ye haue heard in Edema The third intention is to corroborate the intemperie of the lyuer as is ample set downe by Albucrasis Some counsell to make incisioÌ„ the which I haue often seene but with euill successe therefore not to bee vsed as being reiected by Celsus Paulus Trallianus Gordonius and others The manner of incision is thus make the incision with a bistorie by the nauell but 3. fingers vnder it towards the flanck shuning the Linaea put a hollow tent in it and euacuate the humor by little little I haue set downe an excelleÌ„t remedie in the poore mans Guide for the curation of this disease if the fault be not in the liuer whereby I healed many in Paris during the time of the siege There are many other things which might be spoken of this matter which I leaue to the mediciners being more medicinall than Chirurgicall but by reasoÌ„ that sometime it falleth vnder the Chirurgians haÌ„ds I thought good thus much to intreate of it The ninteenth Chapter of the Tumor in the fundament called Condiloma THe fundament is subiect to diuers passions as Condiloma ficus atrices hemerhoids rhadiae clausio paralysis pruritus fistula Condiloma is a certaine excrescence of flesh hard tuberculus and membranous in the brimmes of the fundament sometimes accompanied with great tumor and swelling and are called Condilomata sometime not swelled and are called Atrices The cause is the weakenesse softnes and lowe scituation of the part also defluxion of humors which become rotten for the which it is of hard curation The signes are manifest to the sight accompanied with great tumor and dolor The Cure consiâ—th in good regiment and rest often purging with clisters bleeding in the arme to diuert the humor if there be any inflammation vsing vomitors thinges to prouoke vrine The topicall remedies are in the beginning to vse linimentes of oyle of roses cidoniorum with whites of egges thereafter vse remollientes and discutientes if it tend to suppuration vse such remedies as ye haue heard in others putting thereto a little of tapsus barbatus it must be opened in forme circular this counselleth Gordon to the ende the matier remaine not long there in which easily causeth fistule If the excrescence be great hard they must be consumed with causticke medicamentes as counselleth Celsus Sometime the fundament is closed as I sawe in Picardie in the Towne of S. Quintin in France where I brought a woman to bedde that had two children the one had excrescence of fleshe and dyed soone after it was borne the other had a membrane that closed the passage of the excrementes which I câ—tte with a bistorie and it healed This hapneth often to maides in their conduites for the which doe the like or haue recourse to Celsus Or to the mans Guide The twentie Chapter of the Tumors in the Fundament called Hemerhoides THe Hemerhoides are an inflamation or voiding of bloud of some one or moe of the fiue veines which goe about the Fundament of the which there are diuers kindes as saith Fernelius some are interne which are not to be seene others externe some swelled and voide no humor but in tract of time returne inwardly some open and auoyde aboundance of melancholicke bloud which maketh great payne The cause is great aboundance of melancholicke pituitous or bilious bloud also great vsage of mordicant medicines as saith Gordonius The Signes are these if the humor be colde the sicke feeleth great heauinesse and dolor and trembling of the bellie if the humor be hotte there shall be great pulsation euill coullor of the face heauinesse of the eyes The Iudgementes this disease is dangerous and difficill for sometime the great euacuation causeth the hydropsie euil colour and weakenesse of the bodie which often endeth in fistule If they be sodainely stayed they ingender dangerous maladies and often death the humor taking the course to some other part as the liuer or the lightes as saith Bartapallia if they voyde moderatly it is good and preserueth the sicke from melancholie leprosie strangurie griefe in the sides and inflamation on the lightes The naturall course of them is to voyde euery moneth once or at least foure or fiue times in the yeere The Cure is somewhat difficill the part being sensible and colde hauing no force of it selfe also being in a lowe place easie to receiue fluxion and being in a priuie place hard to
better Some keepe them ten or twelue dayes chaunging the water once in two or three dayes after the which manner they may be kept a whole yeere in glasses or pottes of earth chaunging the water once in x. dayes wee vse them for the same purpose as scarrifications and in such places where ventouses cannot bee applied as in the lippes gummes legges fundament mouth of the matrix such partes as are emptie of fleshe as nose fingers toes also about olde vlcers and apostumes of the emunctoires and others that are venenous rubbing the parte ye put them on till it grow redde They draw onely superficially the bloud which is in the flesh and so are good pro morbis subter cutaneis if they be applied on the fundament they make euacuation from all the members The part where wee applie them must be cleane otherwise they will not bide thereafter take them with a piece of cleane cloth handle them softly not touching them with the bare hand hold their head to the part you would haue them bite for the more easie doing thereof we put a drop of Pigeons or Chickins blood on the part or pricke the part a little to cause the blood to come out then if you would haue them drawe much cut the endes of them with the sheeres to let the blood runne otherwise when they fall of apply freshe in their place or put on twoo or three in the begining as ye find expedient To make them fall sooner yee shall put a corne of salt or drop of vineger on their heade or a fewe ceudres or seperate them with a horse haire If after the fall the place bleede much wee apply cotton or burnt cloth or cloth wet in cold water or halfe a beane clouen and bound on it If there be venenositie in the part after they fall we foment the place with water and salt sometime a cornet or little ventouse The fourth Chapter of Seton the qualities of it and way to apply it SEton which the Latins call Seta is no other thing but a little cord which in old time was made of haire or thread and now of silk or cloth or wollen yarne is drawen through the skin with a needle for the purpose in sundry parts of our bodies for diuers occasions as ye shall heare First and most commonly we apply it in the neck betwixt the and fift thirde vertebre sometime lower downe and is good to diuert draw away fluxion on the eyes Cattarrs which come from the head and fall on the stomack and gummes lightes back and other parts of the body Secondly we apple it on the nauell when it is swollen with water and humors Thirdly in the codds for waterie tumors contayned in those parts as also for those that are Hydropick Fourthly we apply them on wounds which passe out through for the better euacuation of the matter they are applyed eyther as did our auntients or without fire as now is commonly done for the doing whereof we set the sick in a chaire then one taketk the neck behind or other part where ye will apply it equallie in his hands neyther more on the one side nor the other the one hand lower downe and the other more vpward leauing a space betwixt the hands Then the Chirurgian shall take hold of the same with his pincers for that purpose therafter pâ—rce it with a sharp needle through both the holes of the pincers being first threaded with the Seton or Cord beware yee prick not the Muscle of the Neck thereafter holding the skin with the pincers cause the sick moue his head so ye shall easily perceiue if the Muscle be taken hold of and if it be let go the gripe and take onely the skin and draw through the Needle and Seton which shal be an ell in length or there-abouts great like a Goose quill take the Needle and let the Seton remaine and rubbe it with digestiue fresh Butter or Cerat Galen with an emplaster of Cerat or such like for Two or Three dayas thereafter Diapalma or Beronica some put onely Woodbynd leaues drawing it a little euery day in the Morning and at Night it being almost neare the end ye shall draw it the other way by this meanes it will serue a Moneth or Sixe weeks When ye will change it sow an other new Seton to the end thereof in such sort that it slipp not in the through going so cut away the old and leaue the new and so continue so long as shal be expedient that is till the humor be well euacuated vsing in the meane time some meete remedies vntill the humor be diuerted intercepted and euacuated Some vse this a yeare or Two according to the greatnes of the disease purge the body afore ye apply it and after it is taken away The fift Chapter of Canters Actuall and Potentiall CAnter called by the Latins Canterinum is a thing which hath vertue to burne rhe fleshe bones or any part where it is applyed whereof there are two sorts to wit actuall and potentiall The actuall is that which actually doth burne and is made of Gold Siluer brasse Iron or Lead in diuers fashions according to the maladie and part where they are applyed as ye haue heard in wounds and vlcers yet most commonly they are vsed for Foure causes first in staunching of blood in veines and arters secondly for Gangrens and Mortification Carbuncles and Bubones excepting alwayes when there is no inflammation in the part thirdly in bones that are rotten for it is enemy to rottennts helpeth the separation of the bones fourthly in maling vlcers and byting of venemous beasts The canter potentiall which the Latins call Canterium Potentiale or Pyroticum is that which hath the force by extreame heate to burne the part where it is applyed but actually as the other and is composed of diuers matter that are for the most part extreame hot like as Cartharideâ— Vitrioll Tartar Arsnic Orpiment Sublimat strong water oyle of vitrioll Cloues Sage and Brimstone or of dyuers othâ—r thinges as the ashes of the Oake or Figge tree of Vines or Beane stalkes quick lyme salt Nitre Armoniack Axungia viâ—ri Granley all which ye may vse together or some of them in water which we call Capitellum or Lixiuiâ—um and is eyther strong or weake according to the Ingredientes For the making of the which ye shall take a certaine of these thinges and steepe them in water three or foure dayes sturring it Morning and Euening theÌ„ passe it through a cloth seeth it on the fire in a pan of brasse till it be coÌ„gealed to salt which being taken from the fire shal be cut in little peeces and put in glasses close stopt that no ayre enter in The way to make diuers sorts of Canters is thus take the ashes of the vine quick lyme graneley axungia vitri an halfe a pound allom and vitrioll roman of ech
most part in the dry neruous parts but chiefly on the head and ioyntes on the hands feete The causes are strokes and wearines of the ioynts such other as ye haue heard in Aâ—â—â—roma as also the signes The cure first consisteth in good diet eschewing al meates which ingender grosse humors eate of things of good digestion abstaine from drinking of water purge bleede haunt no humide place as for the pâ—rticular remedies we must vnderstand that this humor is sometime inclosed in the membraine in that procede as in Aâ—â—â—â—oma sometime it is not inclosed and theÌ„ we may applye a cake of leade rubbed with quicksiluer or an emplaster resolutine made of galbanum ammoniac oyle of lillies and bayes brimstone virioll roman calcined Sometimes it is with corruption of the bone in that case the humor must be euacuated and the exfoliatioÌ„ of bone procured as ye shal heare in the chapter of vlcers with corruptioÌ„ of the bone For diuers other diseases of the head haue your recourse to heurnius demorbis capitis The third Chapter of the tumor in the eye called Lippitudo and Opthalmia in Greeke OPthalmia is an inflamatioÌ„ of the whole eye but chiefly of the membraine called coniunctiue with great rednes dolor The cause is either externall or internall the externall as strokes heate dust winde great cold rubbing or some moate in the eye the internall â—ause is defluxion of the humors being nere to the braines as also the veins externe interne of the head wherof procedeth fluxioÌ„ also the sanguine humor chollerick or phlegmatick which asceÌ„deth to the head The signs are manifest like as great inflamatioÌ„ rednes heat of the eies teÌ„ples dolor repletioÌ„ of the veins hardnes this sicknes hath 4. degrees like as other tumors hapneth ofteÌ„ to yoÌ„g childreÌ„ others who haue weake eies which is the cause that they are subiect to the fluxioÌ„ of humors The iudgmeÌ„ts are the matter of this is somtime hot otherwhiles cold and those which happeÌ„ in winter are the worse theÌ„ those which happeÌ„ in SoÌ„mer if they be neglected euill handled there follow euill accideÌ„ts as spots rupture of the cornea and diuers others If the dolor be vehement it is daÌ„gerous for corruptioÌ„ corrosion of the cornea As for the curatioÌ„ there are 3. things to be obserued the first is good diet eate litle chiefly at night abstaine froÌ„ al vaporous things al euil digestioÌ„ fishes fruits spices salt humide things abide neither in great darknes nor too much light for great light dissipeth the spirit sometime causeth blindnes as we read of the soldiors of Xenophanes who through going long in the snow became almost al blind Also Dioniâ—â—â—s tiraÌ„t of Sicil made blind his prisoÌ„ers after this sort first he imprisoÌ„ed theÌ„ long in a very dark place theÌ„ he brought them suddeÌ„ly into a great light so made theÌ„ all blind All colors are not expedieÌ„t for the sight the white dissipeth the spirits draweth them to it the black maketh them too dul there is nâ— color that coÌ„forteth the sight but grene blew violet which nature sheweth vs in the compositioÌ„ of the eye for the tunic vâ—e a sheweth the greene blewe of the part that looketh to the humor custalline Endeuor to be laxatiue walke not too much beware of al perturbâ—ons of the spirit from smoake and dust and blowing of Alchymie for both it hurteth the eye and consumeth the substance maketh men miserable both in bodie and goods hold vp thy head and abstayne from wine and women and such like as yee may perceiue by these verses of the learned Gordoniu Haec occulis multum sol puluis fumus et aestus Ventus cum fletu vina Venusque nocent Acria ne mandas nec quae sunt plena vaporum Nec caepas lentes allia poâ—ra fabas The second intention consisteth in euacuating diuerting the humor by pilles clisters bleeding of the veine Cephalicke ventouseing on the shoulders frictions on the thighes legges and extremities also by opening the veine and arters of the temples The third intention is in the topicall remedies as collyrs of diuers sorts according to the diuorsitie of the degree and time of the apostume as in the beginning of the inflamation take plantaine and rose water of each halfe an ounce two whites of egges and a little fennell water womens milke the muâ—ilages of hipsileon with a little trochistes of rasis sine opio a litilt caiphure put of thiis in the eye and at night make a cataplasme of an apple rosted and lay on the eye or this remedie which I haue often prooued not onely in the opthalmie but diuers other maladies of the eyes Take two ounces of white wine as much rose water and euphrage halfe a crownes waight of Tutie prepared as much of aloes 3. or 4. leaues of Massi put all in a violl and stoppe it close set it three weckes in the sunne instill thereof in the eyes In the meane time vse emplaisters on the temples of mastick de bolo et contra rupturam and such like to stay the fluxion For the great dolor vse the roasted apple with a little womens milk or a little plantaine water put betweene two clothes likewise for the vehement dolor the bloud of a pigeon or henne vnder the winges instilled is verie good there are diuers other remedies whereof we shall intreat more at length in the poore mans guide like as also of Egilops and Enchilops with diuers other maladi-s of the eyes The fourth Chapter of the tumors in the eares THere come many grieuous diseases in the eares sometime outwardly and sometime inwardly occupying sometime the whole eare sometime a part thereof The cause is an hotte humor and biting descending from the nerues of the fift coniugation with the dura mater dispersed in the conduite of the eare sometime a vaporous spirite cold thicke humor which maketh difficultie of hearing and sometime deafenes The Signes are manifest The iudgementes young people are more grieuously tormented then olde and die often afore it come to suppuration and that within 7. dayes by reason of the great accidents as feuer lightnesse sounding In old folkes it commeth oft to suppuration yet the dolor is verie vehement by reason of the nerue of the fift coniugation also for the membranes and propinquitie of the braines nature hath giuen it an exquisite feeling The cure consisteth in remedies vniuersall and particular vniuersall as good dyet abstayning from wine and all strong drinke and fumie bleeding of the veine Cephalicke and vsing of clysters or some gentle medicines according to the humor as ye haue heard in Opthalmi As for particular remedies they differ not much from others except that we vse no repercussiues abstayne from all cold remedies by reason of
the nerue which is deepe and hollowe If the dolor bee vehement with heate vse oyle of roses mirtles and cidoniorum with a little vineger mixe all together and drop a little in the eare cattes water distilled is good as saith Quersitanus If it tend to suppuration handle it as other apostumes The fifth Chapter of the Tumor that commeth behinde the eares called Parotides NAture hath placed by the rootes of the eares certaine little glands to the ende they may receiue the vennemous matter deposed by the braines Parotides is an inâ—â—amation or apostume of the glands behind the eares The cause is the humor which easily descendeth from the head partly because nature hath ordeined them for receptacles as ye haue heard and by reason they are soft colde and the passages large that bring the humor Sometime the cause commeth of the whole bodie like as in crise of feuer it may come of any one of the foure humors or all mixed together which may easily be knowne by the accidents The signes are tumor dolor vehement feuer pulsation with such other as yee haue heard in tumors The Iudgementes are that those by crisis without signe of maturation are euill and if it goe to the internall partes it is for the most part mortall as saith Auicen The Cure generall is to vse clisters bleeding in the veine Cephalicke vsing good dyet eating thinges of light digestion not vaporous abstayning from strong drinke the particular remedies differ not from the cure of other apostumes except that we vse no repercussiues but onely maturatiues attractiues and anodiues and some digerents in the beginning like as oyle of lillies Iris camomill bitter almondes with sheepes wooll or a cataplasme of digerent hearbes It is best not to abide the perfect suppuration but so soone as may be to cause it open for by that meanes the venemous vapor doth dissippe the dolor ceaseth and nature doth more easily discharge It may bee opened by canter or lancet but beware of the nerue veine and arters for the great accidentes that happen Being openeed it must be cured by suppuratiues mundificatiues incarnatiues and desiccatiues as ye haue heard in others The sixt Chapter of the Tumors in the nose called Sarcoma Ozena and Polypus THe nose is a part of the bodie by the which the braines doth discharge the excrements in the which do chauÌ„ce three kindes of maladies yet not much different the first is called Sarcoma which is an excrescence of fleshe against nature the second is called Ozena which is most dangerous ill sauoured the third is called Polypus which differeth not froÌ„ Sarcoma sauing that it is not so great Polypus is a tumor which proceedeth of the bone ethomides and sticketh fast to it The cause is rotten humor thicke and viscous which commeth from the head The signes are manifest to the sight and by the narration of the sicke The Iudgementes are these that which is hard and blacke must not be touched that which is soft may bee healed if the excrescence be white and soft without dolor it is easie to heale if it be redde and browne with dolor it is very difficill if it occupie both sides of the nose either the sicke sleepeth with open mouth or else he suffoketh The cure is most diffâ—cill as I haue oft seene and better it were to vse remedies palliatiues then to aduenture any perfect cure yet the cure in so much as may be is by vniuersall remedies as purging and bleeding and in good dyet Fuchâ—ns counselleth to rubbe the head with such things as haue vertue to corroborate drie the braines The particular remedies shall be according to the Tumor which is sometime hard otherwhiles soft the soft must be taken away with instrument or canter or some causticke pouder as pouder vitrioll mercurie arsenit allom spuma aeris atramentum sutorium ye may mixe any of these pouders with some vngueÌ„t anodine or honey vse deâ—ensiues for the inflamation vnguent pompholigs with a little balaust is good Also this water Rec. bolaustiorum corticis malorum granatorum an lib. 1. gelangae caudae equinae linguae passerinae et herâ—iariae an manip di radic bis tortae 4. vnc sumitatuÌ„ piri siluest manip di contundantur simul distilleutur fiaâ—â—aqua de qua frequenter abluat nares adde to it a little Allum If eyther this or the other which is harde degender into an vlcer cancrous touch it not but vse such remedies as ye shal heare in the vlcer Cancrons The seauenth Chapter of the tumor in the mouth called Vunla or Columella THe mouth as sayth Gordon is the instrument of voice in beastes and speaking in men in the which happen diuers grieuous and dangerous passions but we wil intreat of those which are moste daungerous beginning with Vunla which is called in our tongue the pap of the mouth Nature being prouident that nothing should offend hath placed in the roufe of the mouth this little peece of fleshe for diuers reasons first that we may pronounce and sâ—eake clearer for which cause it is called plectrum vocis also that the aire enter not in the trachearter till the force and impetuositie of the cold be corrected for we see in those who waÌ„t it haue both deformity of speach refrigiratioÌ„ on the lightes Vunla is an inflamation or aposthume either in forme long and is called Columella that is like a piller or like vnto the vine berrie called Vua The cause is eyther interne or externe the interne are hot humors which come from the head and cause an inflamation also asceÌ„ding from the stomacke as happeneth in rotten feuers in like manner of abundance of blood The cause externe is cold Cough excessiue eating and drinking at vnacostomed howers chiefly at night The signes are manifest to the sight chiefly in pressing downe the tongue accompanyed with dolor and feuer paine to swallow any thing the sick thinketh that he hath alwayes something in his mouth The iudgmentes are that sometime it falleth so much that it filleth vp the whole throate so the sick suffofoketh in case it be not quickely cutte if it be cutte altogether the patient waxeth dumbe or at least speaketh so as he may not be vnderstoode and his drinke doth auoyde by the nose which accidents I did see in a Chanon of S. Honorie in Paris who was my patient The Cure consisteth first in the forme of dyet tending to colde and drie vsing meates of light digestion drinking no strong not fumie drinke often vsing of clisters and bleeding in both the armes if ye perceiue plenitude ventouses on the shoulders and opening the head with scaâ—rifications frictions on the necke opening of the veines vnder the toungue The particular remedies shall onely be plantaine rose or common water with a little vineger