destilled by a gentle fire and there wil come forth a cleer water and a little after there wil follow a reddish oyl then augment the fire ever and anon more and more increasing it unto the end of the destillation This being done separate the oyl from the Water and keep them both assunder This water in a short time will become of a reddish colour and the oyl wil be of the color of a Rubie This oyl is exceeding good for Wounds but especially the Wounds of the Nervous parts of the bones and of the Veins for it Consolidates speedily and without pain Another Take Earth-worms as many of them as you think fit put them into a Vessel filled up with the Moss of the wild Sloe-Tree to the end that creeping through the Moss they may be purged from their filth add likewise unto them the yelks of Eggs hard boyled and sliced that they may serve them for food Of these Earth-worms thus prepared take one pound and let them be well bruised in Mortar and then add Oyl of Roses one pinte boyl them and afterwards strain them and unto the straining add of Mastick and Myrrh of each two drams the Root of Orace and Sarcocol of each six drams Turpentine and Honey of Roses an ounce and half Mingle them Or Take Oyl of Olives one pinte Turpentine three ounces flowers of St. Johns-wort Mullein of each a sufficient quantity that there may be a Masse made unto which pour of the best white Wine a measure and a half and boyl them til the Wine be consumed Let the species be afterwards put in the Sun for two months that so there may be made an Oyl or a Balsam Or Take Roots of the greater Consound as much as you please thereof put them in a new Pot and pour in of the Oyl of Olives unto a good heighth boyl them and press forth the Liquor the Juyce thus pressed forth boyl it again so long until there be none of the Wateriness left remaining and then afterwards Take Of this Oyl three parts Oyl of Turpentine one part Flowers of St. John wort and of the greater Celandine of each as much as will suffice let them be mingled and melted together and so put into a Glass Flagon and so let them stand for fourty daies in horse dung and then you shall have a Balsam which you are to instill Warm into the Wound Or Take Oyl Olive a pinte and half St. John-wort Betony Prunella or Self-heal Centaury of each one handful let the Herbs be bruised together and with the Oyl let them be shut up in the Glass Vessel and then set them in the heat of the Sun for the space of fourty daies there to digest and afterwards press forth the liquor which you may reserve for use The following Oyl as Hieronymus Fabricius tels us is in Spain very much commended for all Wounds of the Nervous parts Take Of the oldest Oyl three ounces pure Turpentine eight ounces whole Wheat one ounce and half Seed of St. Johns wort two ounces Roots of Carduus Benedict and Valerian of each one ounce Frankincense powdered two ounces let the Roots and Herbs be bruised in a gross manner and put into a Pot and then pour in so much white Wine that all may swim in the Wine or at least be covered therwith and after two daies infusing let the Oyl and the Wheat be added and then boyl them all until the wine be wasted away and presently after having first strongly pressed forth the Liquor add the Turpentine and Frankincense then let them be again a little boyled and kept for use in a Glass Vessel The manner of using it is thus The Wound being first washed with cold white Wine the whole Wound is then forthwith to be anoynted with the Oyl aforesaid a little warm but if this cannot conveniently be done it is then with a Pipe or Funnel to be conveied within the Wound and immediatly the Lips of the Wound are to be brought together so close that they may touch either by a Ligature or by sewing or by Gluing And then the parts that lie round about are likewise to be anointed with the aforesaid Oyl Upon the Lips of the Wound now drawn together you are to lay on a Linen Cloth wet in the aforesaid Oyl and above upon this another wet in black Wine and then wrung dry and then upon this another dry Linen Cloth and then Lastly upon al the Swathe is to be rolled about and fastened That Oyl likewise which they cal the Oyl of Hispana is much commended The Oyl of Hispana and it is thus to be prepared and made Take Old Oyl of Olive four pound Oyl of Turpentine two pound Frankincense one pound Valerian St. Johns-wort Carduus Benedict of each half a pound Elect and Choice Myrrh one ounce Cutchioneal four ounces new Rosin of the Pine three ounces Malmesey three pintes Let the Valerian be gathered in the month of May and cast away the Roots The St. Johns-wort may be gathered in the month of July with the Flowers and Seeds The Herbs therefore being broken with the Hands and a little bruised in a Mortar let them be infused in the Malmsey and put into an Earthen Pot covered over with Glass of which said Pot let the third part remain empty of all those things aforesaid that are put into it for four hours In the next place let the Cutcheoneal a little broken in a Mortar together with the Oyl be put upon the rest and so without any Covering let them boyl by a gentle Fire until the Wine be well nigh wasted and here great care must be taken that the Herbs be not burnt in the boyling After this let it be taken from the fire and while it is yet scalding hot let the Herbs be pressed and squeezed very hard in a bag first soaked in Malmsey And then let the Vessel in which the boyling was be carefully cleaned and yet nevertheless it will not be altogether dried for there will still be left some of the Wine sticking to the sides and in the same Vessel let the Oyl be again put to the Fire with the Oyl of Turpentine or that that sweats forth of the Fir-Tree and so soon as ever it begins to boyl let the Mirrh bruised and beaten very smal be added and melted in a Mortar with a little of the Oyl that is in the Vessel over the Fire Let Rosin in like manner be added melted with the same Oyl yet nevertheless it must be first strained through a strainer and then add the Frankincense being very finely powdered let al the other things be in the most exact and curious manner mingled together and when they have boyled a little let the Vessel be taken from the Fire and when they are grown cold let it be kept in a Glass Vessel without any straining at al and so let it be set abroad in the Sun for fifteen or twenty daies Caesar Magatus commendeth
cleansing it is to be filled up joyned together and at length with a Cicatrice to be shut up But touching the cure of a Carbuncle see more in the fourth Book of Feavers and the fourth Chapter Chap. 14. Of the Tumor Paronychia UNto Inflammations there also belongeth that Tumor that the Greeks call Paronychia because that it is generated in the Confines or sides of the Fingers the Latines term it Panaritium the Germans Der Wurm Oder Das Vngenandte For the Vulgar are of Opinion that in this Tumor there lieth hid a Worm that by gnawing exciteth and causeth those so great pains and that when it is mentioned and spoken of it is thereby exasperated and that therefore it ought not to be so much at named but these things are meerly fabulous What a Paronychia is Now a Paronychia is a hot Tumor or Swelling arising from blood adust and atrabiliary in the extream part of the Fingers at the sides of the Nails and by reason of the neighborhood of the Nerves exciting most grievous and intollerable pains The Causes For this Tumor hath its original from adust and for the most part likewise malignant blood which Nature thrusteth forth unto the Fingers ends and there it causeth an Inflammation The Signs Diagnostick It is known by the Swelling Redness and pain appearing in the Fingers ends about the Nails together with a most extream and intense pain by reason that the neeâ— adjoyning Nervous parts are affected which wil not permit the sick Person to sleep or take any rest neither night nor day and this pain in regard of the Nerves consent is oftentimes extended throughout the whol Arm and it hath to accompany it a continuall Feaver and somtimes by reason of the over-great pain a Lipothymy which we term fainting or swounding Prognosticks 1. According to the benignity and inoffensiveness of the humor the malady is somtimes more mild and tollerable and somtimes again more grievous and intollerable For if the matter be benign or moderate and favorable the symptoms are then the less vehement 2. On the contrary if the Matter be Malignant the Malady is dangerous for it oftentimes so corrupteth the Ligaments and the neighboring Nerves that the utmost Joynt together with the Bone Impostumateth and somtimes the whole Finger is corrupted The Cure The Vulgar as they have superstitious Opinions touching the Cause so they have likewise concerning the Cure of this Tumor For they think that if any one thus affected shall in the Spring time wash and besmear his hands with the Eggs otherwise called the seed or Sperm of Frogs shal then suffer them to dry leisurely of their own accord and shal afterward hold in this Hand that Finger that is grieved with this Inflammation he shal by this means asswage and qualifie the said Inflammation And some there be also that every yeer hold in their hand a live Mole and then having conceived and mumbled over a certain form of words with squeezing hard they kill the Mole they have in their hand and then they brag and boast that for the yeer following they are able to kil and destroy all those Worms But to omit these sopperies the right and due way of Cuâ—ing this Evil is then taken when after the general evacuation of the humors by Blood-letting and Purgation hath been premised in the first place we impose upon the part affected those things that moderate the pain and mitigate the servent heat of the humors and such Medicaments likewise as help forward and further suppuration But Repelling and Astringent Remedies are by no means to be imposed upon the grieved part lest that by this means the humor should be the more impacted into the part the pain augmented and the Nerves and Bone corrupted If yet notwithstanding the Asslux be over great then let Repellers be laid on very nigh unto the part next above it And therefore in the very beginning the following Cataplasm is to be imposed Take Barley meal and Bean meal of each one ounce Camphire one scruple the Mucilage of the seed of Fleabane as much as will suffice Mingle all these with Vinegar over the sire and so make a Cataplams Oâ— Take the juyce of Nightshade of Plantane of Navelwort of each half an ounce the Mucilage of Fleabane seed extracted with the Water of Nightshade three drams Bole armenick half a dram Camphire five grains Oyl of Roses and Myrtle of each half an ounce Mingle them c. Or Take the Mucilage of Fleabane seed extracted with the juyce or water of Plantane two ounces Bole armenick one dram Vinegar half an ounce Mingle them c. Or else let the white of an Egg mingled with the Oyl of Violets be imposed There are likewise commended those little Worms that are found in the middle of the utmost â—ind of the Teazel or Fullers Thistle if while they are alive they be bound about the Nails affected Where the matter tendeth to Suppuration Take the Meal of Fenugreek seed and Linseed of each half an ounce the Yelk of one Egg fresh Butter one ounce the fat of a Hen three drams Mingle them without sire and make an Vnguent Or Take the Mucilage of the juyce of Fleabane one ounce the meal of Linseed and Fenugreek of each three drams the Yelk of an Egg Saffron one scruple the fat of a Hen and Butter unsalted of each one ounce Mingle them and make a Cataplasm When the Pus is bred the Impostume is forthwith to be opened and the Pus or Snot-like filth being seldom good but rotten and corrupt is to be drawn forth The Pus being thus evacuated such a like Abstersive and Incarnative is then to be made use of Take Aloes Hepatick three drams Myrrh Frankincense Sarcocol of each one dram pure and cleer Turpentine half an ounce Honey of Roses two drams Mingle them c. Gulielmus Fabricius in the first Century of his Chirurgical Observations Observ 97. doth not stay to wait for the Inflammation or for any notable swelling up and suppuration but in a Woman that was afflicted with a most grievous pain in the end of her finger together with a Feaver a fainting and swounding a nauseousness and vomiting and other symptoms he thus ordaineth his Cure He first of al a little fomenteth the finger with Cows Milk in which Camomil flowers Melilot flowers the seeds of Fenugreek and Quinces were first boyled And then by little and little he dissected the superficies of the Skin The Skin being shaven away there appeared smal red spots which being cut with the edg of a knife he findeth under the Skin a drop or two of red Water That being evacuated he applied a Linen Cloth dipt and moistened in Aqua vitae in which there was dissolved a little Treacle By thus doing he soon qualified and quite took away the pain and by this one only Remedy the very next day the finder was healed And likewise in another Matron that for three
Let the Oyl Rosin Wax and Suet melt together and then let them be boyled unto a just consistence and after let the rest of the Ingredients be added Of Take White Wax Turpentine Rosin of each one ounce Frankincense and Mastick of each two drams Styrax Calamite three drams Gum Elemi six drams round Aristolochy two drams the juyce of Milfoyl and Betony of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses as much as wil suffice and make an Vnguent But let the Wax Rosin Turpentime and Oyls be first of al dissolved together after this let the Juyces be poured unto them and when they begin to grow cool add the Pouders Or Take Oyl of Roses twelve ounces Ceruss three on ounces Litharge four ounces and half Frankincense and Mastick of each half a dram Dragons blood half an ounce Myrrh and Sarcocol of each two drams boyl them a little until they be red after remove them from them fire and then dip therein an old Linen cloth which when it is throughly soaked in the matter of the Emplaster may be taken forth and spread abroad to make a Sparadrape Touching the ulcers of the rest of the parts we have already treated of them in the formers Books of this our Practice To wit in the first Book Part 3. Sect. 2. Chap. 18. of the ulcers of the Adnata and Cornea Tunicles of the Eye ibid. Sect. 3. Chap 3. of the ulcers of the Ears ibid. Sect. 4. Chap. 1. of the ulcers of the Nostrils In the second Book part 1. Chap. 3. of the ulcers of the Lips ibid. Chap. 16. of the ulcers of the Gums ibid. Chap. 21. of the exulceration of the Throat-pipe ibid. Chap. 22. of the ulcers of the Tonsils Part 2. Chap. 1. of the ulcers of the Aspera Arteria or rough Artery ibid. Chap. 12. of the ulcers of the Lungs ibid. Chap. 18. of the Fistula's of the Thorax Part 4. Chap. 3. of the ulcers of the Heart Book 3. Part. 1. Sect. 1. Chap. 1. of the ulcers of the Oesophagus ibid. Chap. 17. of the ulcers of the Stomach Part 2. Sect. 1. Chap. 9 10. of the ulcers of the Intestines Part 3. Chap. 5. of the impostumes and ulcers of the Mesentery ibid. Chap. 7. of the ulcers of the Pancreas ibid. Chap. 8. of the Caul Part 4. Chap. 8. of the Spleen ibid. Part 6. Chap. 8. of the Liver Part 7. Chap. 11. of the Reins Part 9. Sect. 1. Chap. 6. of the Bladder ibid. Chap. 9. of the Urinary Passage Part 8. Chap. 5. of the Testicles ibid. Chap. 6. of the Cods ibid. Chap. 8. 10. of the Yard Part 10. Chap. 5. of the Navel ibid. Chap. 7.11 of the Abdomen Book 4. Part 1. Sect 1. Chap. 48. of the Neck of the Womb ibid. Chap. 10. of the Fistula's of the Neck of the Womb ibid. Chap. 11. of the Cancer of the Womb ibid Chap. 12. of the Gangrene and Sphacelus of the Womb Sect. 2. Chap. 14. of the Cancer of the Womb ibid. Chap. 19. of the ulcers of the Womb ibid. Chap. 20. of the Testicles in Women Part 3. Sect. 1. Chap. 7. of the Cancer of the Breasts Chap. 8. of the ulcers and Fistula's of the Breasts ibid. Chap. 11. of the ulcers of the Teats Chap. 18. Of Burnings WE may not unfitly unto Ulcers subjoyn Burnings which do likewise excite and raise ulcers For oftentimes it happeneth that by some mischance and unfortunate accident the Members may be scalded either with water or with hot boyling Oyl mor melted Metal or else one may chance to fal into the Fire into the Water or into scalding hot Oyl which whensoever it happeneth then pain blisters and exulcerations are excited The Differences Now of such things as are burnt there are three degrees or Differences For somtimes there is only a heat and pain excited in the part affected by the said burning and unless that Remedies be forthwith administred the Scarf-Skin wil be separated from the true Skin and blisters wil be raised in the which there wil be a certain cleer water contained and oftentimes likewise suddenly and in a moment the blister or bladder is lifted up and the very Skin it self is burnt dried up scorched and contracted together and yet notwithstanding there is al this while no Crust or Eschar produced but at other times the very Skin it self yea and oftentimes the flesh that lieth under it is burnt dried up and an Eschar produced and the Skin becometh black loseth somwhat of its sense and feeling and after that the Eschar is fallen off there is left behind an ulcer sufficiently deep For fire dissolveth the continuity and exciteth a pain and because the moist parts in the Skin are resolved by the force of the fire and endeavor to exspire and breathe forth but are stil kept in by the thickness of the Scarf-skin they lift it up and raise the bladder or blister But sometimes again there is by the force of the fire some kind of humidity left remaining in the part from whence the Skin is contracted and drawn together but somtimes also the moisture of the part is altogether dissiputed and dried up and an Eschar is produced and this happeneth according to the variety of the things that burn For Water burneth less than the other and this Water likewise more or less according as it is more on less hot For stubble straw flax and the like cause no great and vehement burning unless the burning be long continued But Oyl burneth more and so do Fat 's Varnish Pitch Honey Wax And the greatest and most vehement of al burners are Lead and Tin meltd Iron and other Metals made red hot by the fire as likewise the very actual Fire it self Gun-powder and Lightening And so likewise by how much the thicker the subject matter of the Fire is and the more its force and strength is augmented by the concurrence of its many Atomes and the more it is condensed and lastly by how much the longer the action of the Fire is continued by so much the greater the burning must needs be But if the fire be in a subject more thin and so its Atomes be the more dispersed and but little united and if its action likewise continue but a short time then the burning is so much the less Prognosticks Touching the Diagnostick Signs there is no need that we speak any thing at al since that the burning wil sufficiently manifest it self Its Degrees likewise and how far it hath gone wil sufficiently appear by what was said a little before As for the Prognosticks 1. By how much the lighter the Burning is by so much the more easily it is cured and so much the less is the evil that it bringeth along with it but by how much the burning is greater by so much the harder it is to cure and so much the more grievous the evils that it bringeth along with it For oftentimes an Inflammation of the part yea even a Necrosis or
tumor may he opened or else with an Iron Incision knife that hath not been heated in the fire We very seldom make use of the hot Iron and then never but in cold tumors and that also only whilst the impostume is in those parts that have in them either many or else large Veins and Arteries that so the flux of Blood which we cal the Hemorrhage may the better be pre-cautioned and prevented But as for the Incision Iron that hath not been heated we use it most frequently and that with very good success But if it shall so happen that upon the opening of the Impostume somtimes pain and somtimes an efflux of blood shal ensue and likewise that by reason of the abundant evacuation of the matter or else that by pain and fear a sinking away or swooning should follow in this case we must endeavor that the Section may be performed with the greatest speed and the least pain that possibly may be If an Hemorrhage be feared we must have in a readiness those Medicaments that stop the flux of Blood as Frankincense Aloes the white of an Egg Bole Armenick Pomegranate flowers Dragons blood and the like To prevent fainting and swooning especially in Children Women and other fearful persons we ought to have at hand such Medicaments as are in use against this faintness of mind As also that there may be a right and orderly proceeding in the Section or opening The opening of a Tumor in what manner to be performed the condition of the part the scituation of the Veins Arteries and Nerves as likewise the Nature of the Muscles all these ought to be exactly known and learned by the Chirurgeon from what is written by Anatomists lest otherwise Veins and Arteries should be cut and an Hemorrhage thereby caused or that pain should arise from this hurting and cutting of the Nerves or that hereby the Member should be altogether deprived of sense or lastly that by the hurting of the Muscles the part should be wholly deprived of its motion Moreover also a special regard must be had unto the fibres in the Muscles so that the Section ought to be performed according to the conduct of these fibres that is to say not oblickly or overthwartly for this kind of Section wil greatly annoy the action of the part We must again heedfully weigh and consider in what measure and how great the Section ought to be For if it be over little the Pus or corrupt matter especially if it be thick and cloddy wil have no passage forth without compression of the part which wil both assuredly excite pain and beget a kind of brawny hardness in the part which may be the cause of a Fistula And on the other side if the section be made overgreat and wide there wil then be left remaining a great and unsightly scar and which is worse the ambient Air getting in wil alter the part and therefore the Section ought to be made in such a manner and measure as shal be most requisite for the evacuation of the Corruption and filth And although the section be somwhat with the least it may notwithstanding very easily be dilated by thrusting a tent into the hole thereof To make the Incision we admit of either the Razor or the Knife of Myrtle wood edged on both sides with which the Italians and French open Veins or else that Knife which we cal Phlebotomus which the Germans use or lastly that which we cal Syringotomos an Instrument crooked and of use only in the incision of an internal or a concavous body The incision being made if there be but little filth The evacuation of the Pus or corrupt matter the part is with the finger to be pressed down to the end that it may the more readily flow forth but if there be great store of this filth and matter it is then to be drawn forth leisurely and by little at a time lest haply if it should be evacuated al together suddenly and on an heap as it were much of the spirits should therewithal exhale and thereupon a fainting and swooning should ensue After Incision and the emptying forth of the corruption it will be convenient the first day to strow thereon the dust of Frankincense on the second day to lay thereon some kind of Digestive or other that so if any thing yet remain undigested the compleat digestion thereof may hereby be accomplished And if there be present any filth or any kind of uncleanness which may hinver the growth of flesh shal chance to occur they are forthwith to be wiped and cleansed away As for example Take Turpentine one ounce Honey of Roses half an ounce and of Barley Meal as much as is requisite and so make a mixture and use it for the purpose aforesaid If the Ulcer require yet a more forcible cleansing by reason of its extraordinary nastiness then we ought to use the stronger Abstersives as Vnguentum Apostolorum c. And at length Sarcoticks that is such Medicaments as cause flesh to breed and grow are wisely to be applied and the orisice of the Ulcer to be shut up with a scar Here we are to take notice That somtimes Impostumes may for a long space he hid not only underneath the external Muscles Of Impostumes lying hid two histories but likewise under the more profound yea and the more internal Muscles also Concerning the Impostumes of the Muscles of the lower belly or Paunch we have already spoken in the third Book Part 10. Chap. 7. As touching the Impostumes in the great Muscle Psoa Gulielmus Fabricius in his first Century and sixty third Observation relates two Histories And first he tels us that a certain Matron took her bed complaining of acute and extream pains about her Loyns which was accompanied with a Feaver swooning fits and difficulty of making water And when it was sufficiently understood by the kind of the pain and other signs and tokens to be an inward Impostume for outwardly there appeared not any thing neither could there any thing be discerned by the touch and that this Apostem could be no where but under the Psoa Muscle and when that the sick party was foretold the extream danger and hazard of her life unless the Impostume were opened and the humor caused to flow forth both her self and her friends gave their consent that on one side of the Spina dorsi or back-bone the skin and the exterior Muscles even unto the Psoa Muscle should be opened by an Incision with a Razor which was done accordingly and out there flows a purulent and stinking humor and so after that some certain cleansing and abstersive Medicaments had been for some few months applied she became perfectly recovered The other History which he relates is this In the Year One thousand five hundred eighty five a certain yong man aged twenty seven years or thereabouts as he was descending from the highest pitch of the Mountain Cinecius unto the
now although al Diaphoretick Medicaments are in their own Nature hot and that they acquire this faculty from a certain due proportion observed in their mixture yet notwithstanding among them some are stronger some weaker Those of the milder sort are Chamomel Melilot the Roots of Marsh-mallows the Roots of white Lillies and of Fenugreek the flour or meal of Lupines of Orobus or bitter Vetch and of Cicers or Chiches leavened Bread Goose fat old Oyl The stronger of them are Dill Organy Thyme Pennyroyal Hysop Calamint Horehound Orace roots Rue Sage Annis seed Fennel seed Caraway seed flowers of the Elder Tree Ammoniack Bdellium Galbanum Buls fat Bears grease Oyl of Rue and Laurel And those most of al forcible are Nitre and the froth thereof Sulphur or Brimstone Lime and the like We make use of the milder sort when the matter is in a place not very deep when the part affected and the body it self is more soft and relaxed and the Inflammation but smal and inconsiderable But if the Inflammation be greater and the matter scituate more deep than ordinary the body it self more hard and condensed in this case the stronger Medicaments are to be administred Notwithstanding we ought to use the stronger Discussives with due caution lest that by them the thinner parts of the Humors being discussed and resolved and the thicker parts left remaining behind the Tumor should be hardened and the Malady rendered incurable which wil most commodiously be prevented if together with such things as forcibly discuss we likewise mingle those things that moisten and mollifie We ought in like manner to be very cautious that the Discussives be not over tart and biting lest that by their biting property they the more excite pain and augment the fluxion Now out of that before recited Medicamental matter there are divers kinds and forms In the end of the beginning of the Inflammation and likewise in the augmentation such like Remedies as these that follow are of singular use Take Barley Meal two ounces What is to be done in the encrease or augmentation of an inflammation Linsed one ounce the Pouder of Camomile flowers half an ounce boyl them in Vinegar then add of Oyl of Roses and Camomile and the fat of an Hen of each alike as much as will suffice and make a Cataplasm Or otherwise Take Pellitory of the wall Mallows Plantane of each one good handful boyl them in Water with the which let there be a very smal quantity of Vinegar wel mingled together and so let them be bruised into smal pieces after they are thus brayed add of Barley meal two ounces Fenugreek seed an ounce and half Oyl of Roses and Camomile of each as much as will suffice and make a Cataplasm A most excellent and useful Cataplasm to prevent Inflammations in Wounds and in other cases Viz. Take the pouder of Camomile flowers of red Roses of Wormwood and Barley meal a like quantity of them al boyl them in pure clear Water and make a Cataplasm Or Take the pouder of Camomile flowers red Roses Wormwood Barley Meal of each three ounces Decoct them in common Water then add Oyl of Roses one ounce and half and make a Cataplasm In the state or perfection What in the state or perfection of it such like as these that follow may be administred Take Camomile Flowers and Melilot Flowers the Leaves of Mallows of each half a handful red Roses two large handfuls boyl them in austere or sharp Wine and then add of Fenugreek meal one ounce Oyl of Camomile a sufficient quantity and make thereof a Cataplasm Or Take the Roots of white Lillies one ounce the flowers of Camomile and Melilot of each one good handful red Roses and the tops of Dill of each half a handful boyl them in simple common Water and let them be bruised very smal then let there be added of the Meal of Millet seed Fenugreek Meal and Barley Meal of each an ounce Saffron half a dram Oyl of Camomil as much as will suffice and make a Cataplasm Or Take the Pith of wheaten Bread six ounces boyl it in common Water and after this let it be strewed with the Pouder of Camomile flowers and Melilot flowers of each half an ounce red Roses two drams Saffron half a dram and so make a Cataplasm And what in its declination Lastly In the declination such like Remedies are to be put in practice Viz. Take Marsh-mallow Root one ounce the leaves of Mallows Organy the flowers of Camomil and Melilot of each half an handful Lin-seed Fenugreek seed and Dill seed of each alike two drams Decoct them in a sufficient quantity of Water and make a fomentation to be applied warm with a Spunge Or Take the Pouder of Camomil Flowers of Elder and Melilot flowers of each of these half an ounce Dill seed two drams the Meal of Lin-seed Fenugreek and Beans of each one ounce Oyl of Dill and Camomile of each alike as much as will suffice and make a Cataplasm This moreover as touching Digestives is to be taken notice of to wit That if the matter be grosser and thicker than ordinary insomuch that Digestives cannot satisfie the expectation by doing their office we must then do our endeavor that the matter may be rendered fit for Discussion and transpiration by sweat and this may conveniently and securely be done by mollifying Remedies And therefore in such a case as before we likewise hinted unto you we ought not only to abstain from those Medicaments that over-heat and dry since that they discuss wast and consume the humidity that is in the Tumor and harden the matter and so cause the Malady to become altogether incurable but we ought likewise to administer mollifying and loosening Remedies such as do moderately heat and withal do not excessively dry but rather moisten which kind of Medicaments you may before find enumerated and reckoned up among the Digestives themselves such as is Hens fat Goose fat the Roots of Marsh-mallows and white Lillies Mallows Lin-seed Fenugreek Bdellium Ammoniacum and such like al which are most fitly and conveniently administred when the matter is thicker than usual as we shal further shew you in its proper place when we come to speak of Emollients or Mollifiers And in this manner the matter contained in an Inflammation is to be removed by insensible transpiration But we have acquainted you that this matter is sensibly and perspicuously poured forth either by scarification or by opening of the part after that the Pus or purulent matter is generated As for what concerneth Scarification that it ought to be administred Galen gives us his judgment cleerly for it whilst that in his ninety fifth Chapter of the Method of Physick he thus writes But thou shalt more especially evacuate saith he both by the useful assistance of scarification and by the help of Medicaments that have in them a power and faculty to dissolve in case thou observe any thing to
daies together by reason of the vehement pain of the Patonychia could not sleep not take any rest at al the skin being shaven off he findeth under the skin in the very tip of the finger a spot of this bigness O in the which there was contained scarcely one smal drop of the Ichorous excrement The spot being opened thereto applied Cotton dipt in Aqua vitae wherein there was Treacle dissolved and about the whol hand and wrist a linen cloth after it had been first wel soaked in vinegar and water doubled and wrapped the pain immediately ceased insomuch that the very next day following the finger was fully and perfectly healed But the same Author addeth further that this incision ought forthwith in the very beginning to be made because that otherwise by the concourse of the Humors there wil be excited an Inflammation and Swelling and so the flesh lying underneath yea and even the bones also wil be in danger of being eaten through For the Skin in that place is of an extraordinary thickness so that the matter of the Paronychia which in it self is malignant when it can by no means exhale it then acquireth the greater acrimony and poysonfulness and the finger also yea and the whol hand by reason of the vehemency of pain is swoln and blown up and this incision very little or nothing availeth unless that the matter be first concocted and converted into Pus Chap. 15. Of Perniones or Kibes THere is also found a peculiar kind of Inflammarion which they term Perniones the Greeks cal this Affect Chimethlon and Chemeithlon from the Greek word Cheimon in regard of their appearing in the Winter time only And it is such a kind of Inflammation as in the Winter time ariseth in the heels and on the toes and fingers I once likewise saw a Noble-man that had such a kind of Inflammation on the very tip of his Nose The Causes Now this kind of Inflammation ariseth from the Winters cold whilest that by it not only the part is weakened and made more apt to receive but that likewise from the pain there is caused an attraction of blood unto the part Yet notwithstanding this is worth consideration how it cometh to pass that he who hath in the Winter time undergone and suffered some notable cooling of the extream parts should yet notwithstanding be wel and altogether insensible of it during the Summer and the Winter following again and thus to continue for some yeers and until the Malady be wholly removed and taken away by cure should be so sensible of an extream itching pain and swelling in the part that was over cooled as aforesaid and that although in the Summer time he felt no ill instantly in the very first entrance of the Winter the Malady should again get head and return and an itching be again felt in the part affected al which argueth that there was some strong impression left behind in the part For those that are thus greatly cooled do not only suffer a bare alteration but that there is likewise somthing that is substantial communicated unto the part affected appeareth even by this That Apples and Eggs when they are frozen if they be cast into cold Water there is then an Ice taken out of them so that it outwardly sticketh fast unto them like unto a crust and then these Apples and Eggs return again to their former Natural state whereas on the contrary if they be put into warm Water they become flaggy turn black and are corrupted which notwithstanding could not possibly happen if there were only a meer and simple alteration and therefore we may conclude that by the pain that afflicteth the part there is blood attracted to the part affected that exciteth and causeth the Inflammation Signs Diagnostick There went before a guarding and preservation of the extream parts of the Body against the injuries of the external Air that was but weak and sleight and not sufficient to maintain a due warmth in them and thereupon an undue cooling befalleth them there is likewise an itching and a pain that is not only once and after that the sick person hath suffered a refrigeration from the external Air perceived but although it cease in the Summer time and Autumn yet notwithstanding about the beginning of Winter it again returneth the part waxeth red and swelleth up and now and then also it is exulcerated Prognosticks This Tumor to tel you the truth hath in it no danger at al yet notwithstanding if the Malady be not speedily â—â—â—ed it wil prove tedious and of long continuance and this pain wil for many yeers be grievous and troublesom unto the Party thus affected and somtimes likewise the part is wont to be exulcerated The Preservation Lest that the parts should be hurt by the external cold it is requisite that in the Winter time they should be sufficiently fenced and provided for against the injuries of the aforesaid external cold Air. And more particularly lest that the feet be hurt it wil be expedient to wear Legharnesses as they cal them or linen Socks wel moistened in the Spirit of Wine especially in that part of them by which they cover the feet But seeing that it cannot wel be that al the parts should be sufficiently kept from and defended against the cold yet notwithstanding lest that any one after he hath for a while been in the cold Air should suffer any dammage the refrigerated parts are not first of al to be altered with the contrary quality but rather we ought to do our endeavor that the cause which hath insinuated it self into any part may be removed and taken away And therefore as it is commonly wont to be done in the cold Septentrional Regions and of which as of a thing very wel known Gulielmus Fabricius takes notice in his Treatise of a Gangrene and Sphacelus Chap. 10. the refrigerated part is not to be put close to the fire neither are those things that are hot to be imposed thereon for if this be done the coldness or indeed rather the cold Atomes retained in the part being by this means thrust down into the deeper parts of the place affected a most intollerable pain happeneth thereupon to arise yea and somtimes also a Gangrene is produced and excited but the cooled part is to be wel rubbed with Snow that so by its like the coldness or cold thing may be extracted out of the affected part after the same manner as Apples or Eggs being frozen and cast into the coldest water are restored unto their pristine Nature the extracted Ice sticking fast without unto the rinds of the one and shels of the other And for this very reason the Inbabitants of the abovementioned Northern Regions when they have been travelling do not accustom themselves to enter into Stoves or Hot-houses or so much as to draw neer unto any fire until they have first throughly rubbed their Hands Nose and the extream parts or tips of
yet notwithstanding several and different affects as Cardanus in the place alleadged hath very rightly determined And therefore Experience is to be consulted 2. From Experience Now Zacutus Lusitanus in the place before alleadged bringeth in and produceth this Experience He there writeth That a certain poor woman having had a Cancer exulcerated in her Breast for many yeers together and lying in bed with her three sons they were all infected with the like contagion that she after five yeers dying two of these her three sons seized upon and dispatcht by this Disease departed this life but the third somwhat stronger of constitution than the other two after that the Cancer had been cut away by the hand of the Chirurgeon with much pains and ado was cured and healed An Answer to the aforesaid Experience But this being but one example Experience is yet further to be consulted and the rather in regard that it may be here objected that those her sons might contract this Disease not by contagion but from an hereditary infection The Cure As for what therefore concerneth the Cure of a Cancer not exulcerated in the very first place and this indeed is generally to be practised in al Cancers whatsoever before any thing else be done we are to use our diligent endeavor to prevent the encrease of black Choler and that none be generated for the future and that what is already in the body may speedily be evacuated The breeding of black Choler and the Melancholy Humor is to be hindered and prevented by the Patients abstaining from those Meats that may any way yield and afford matter to the black Humor such as are al things that are thick feculent salt bitter and such are old cheese flesh that is thick old salt or smoak-dried Garlick Onions Mustard Pepper and al other Spices Let the sick person likewise shun and avoid al those things that do any way conduce to the generating of the black Humor such as are Grief and sadness of the heart overmuch watching and want of rest and the like But rather let the Patient use a Diet that is moderately moistening and cooling viz. Ptisan of Barley Lettice Mallows Borrage Succory the four cold Seeds Veal Wether Mutton Kids flesh Chickens Reer Eggs River fish the Whey of Goats Milk and such like Furthermore If there be any adust Humor already generated in the Body let it be with al speed evacuated And therefore in the first place if it be at al requisite blood may be drawn forth by opening a Vein In Women the provoking and bringing down their Courses wil be most proper and convenient and in men let the Hemorrhoids be opened if it may be done After this let the body be throughly purged with those Medicaments that eâ—â—cuâ—te the black adust Humor among which there is especially commended Epithymum we vulgarly cal it Mother of Tyme black Hellebore Fumitory and the Compounds thence derived viz. the Pils of Fumitory and the Confection Haâ—â—ech But now that the Purgation may the better succeeâ— that thick and gross Humor is first of al to be prepared yea moreover wheras the whol Humor may not at once and al together be evacuated then the Purgers and Preparers are often to be repeated by turns and successively Now for this Affect those things that are very proper and convenient are the Syrup of Apples of Fumitory of the Juyce of Borrage and Bugloss Syrup of Lupulus or the Hop or other Compound Medicaments like unto these Neither wil it be amiss or any whit incongruous likewise to strengthen the Heart and the Liver and if there be any distemper chanced unto either or both of them to amend and rectifie it by Medicaments or Borrage Bugloss Roses Citrons Sanders Corals Margarites Pearls and those other Medicaments that are made and compounded out of these And then in the next place we are to apply our selves unto the very part affected And 1. By Topicks the Matter that hath flown in is a little to be driven back again and discussed and the part is to be confirmed and strengthened and those Medicaments that have in them a power and vertue of Repressing Corroborating and Disucssing are to be applied For by this means so much of the Cancer as is already generated is quite taken away and likewise the further growth and increase thereof is prevented But now let those Medicaments have in them a mediocrity or mean of strength and vertue and let them not be sharp and biting For if the Medicaments be over weak they then afford no help or benefit and again if they be too strong and violent they then indeed either repress or discuss the more thin parts but for the more thick they do not only leave them behind but also render them the more unapt and unfit to be afterwards discussed and dissipated There is for this use and purpose very convenient the Decoction or Juyce of Nightshade and of the several Species of Endive and Succory But more especially there are commended the Cockle-fish boyled River Crabs or Crevishes and principally green Frogs out of which there is a most excellent Oyl to be distilled for the moderating of the pain and the healing of the are Cancer the destillation is by descent after this manner Take Green Frogs living either in the Reeds or in pure and cleer Waters fill their mouths with Butter and afterward put them into an Earthen Pot that is glazed and having in its bottom many little holes Let this Pot be put into another Pot and that other Pot put into and surrounded with the Earth in the which it is to be as it were shut up and then let as wel the Pot that hath the Cover as that Pot which is put into it be carefully luted and stopt that so nothing may exhale Afterward let the fire be kindled round about the Pot on every side and the Oyl wil destil into the lower pot which is to be taken forth and together with the Pouder of the Frogs mingled for the making of an Vnguent Others there are that make up an Unguent with the Ashes of Crabs or Crawfish mingled together with Coriander seed and the Oyl of Roses And here likewise we are to make use of the greatest part of Metallicks washed and so becoming altogether without any biting quality their power and vertue being here of singular use such as are Lead Tutia or Pompholyx Litharge Ceruss Antimony Lead is chiefly and most highly commended by al and it may likewise be administred any manner of way Whereupon it is that al those Medicaments that are to be applied in the Cancer are most fitly and properly made up in a Leaden Mortar with a Leaden Pestle touching which Galen is to be consulted see in his 9 Book of the Faculty of simple Medicaments and the Chapter of Lead which is made by rubbing together two Leaden Plates whereon the Oyl of Roses hath been poured so long until the Oyl become
now those Humors are called forth unto the Skin when any one having been in the cold suddenly approacheth neer unto the fire or else betaketh himself to a hot Bath and so on the contrary when after heat the pores of the Skin shal be altogether close shut up by the external cold The Signs Diagnostick The little Bladders that resemble those that are raised by the fire or scalding hot water do suddenly break forth and when they are broken there issueth forth by little and little a yellowish humor the Crusts thereof wax hard and then they fal off By reason of the acrimony and fervent heat of the humor they excite an itching in the Skin Prognosticks 1. Phlyctaenae as Aetius tels us Tetrab 4. Serm. 2. Chap. 63. abide and continue somtimes for two or three daies 2. Phlyctaenae if they be not wel and rightly cured they now and then degenerate into an Herpes The Cure If such like vitious humors abound in the body then in the first place such a kind and course of Diet is to be prescribed thai wil not encrease those like Humors but such as may rather correct that Cacochymy And moreover the said vitious Humors are by convenient Medicaments to be evacuated Now as for Topicks let the Phlyctaenae first be fomented with the Decoction of Lentils Myrtle and Pomegranate Rinds Or Take the Mucilage of Fleabans or Fleawort seed Rose water extract six ounces the Juyce of Purslane and Nightshade of each two ounces mingle them and let the place affected be anointed therewith If they breâ—k not of their own accord and thereupon cause a grievous pain they are then to be pâ—â—ckt and pierced through with a needle and the Pustules are to be hard squeezed and upon the Ulcer lay this following Cataplasm Take Barley Meal the Meal of Lentils and of Beans the pouder of Pomegranate Rinds of each an ounce with a sufficient quantity of the Oyl of Roses make a Cataplasm Or Take the Leaves of Plantane Mallows Myrtle of each one handful boyl them to a softness and pass them through a hair sieve then add unto them Barley Meal the Meal of Lentiles and crums of white Bread of each as much as will suffice and make a Cataplasm Or else let a Liniment made of Swines Fat with the Spume or Froth of Silver in a Leaden Mortar he laid on Or Take Juyce of the Root of sowr Sorrel and Scabious of each two ounces Oyl of Roses four ounces the Fat of an old Hog six ounces boyl them until the Juyces be consumed and afterwards add Litharge of Gold one ounce live Sulphur six drams Turpentine half an ounce stir them wel together in a Leaden Mortar and 〈◊〉 a Liniment Or â—â—ke L tharge live Sulphur Myrtle Pouder 〈◊〉 one ounce stir them wel together with 〈◊〉 â—ar in a Leadâ—n Mortar and adding thereâ—â— a â—â—fficient quantity of the Oyl of Roses make â—â—Vnguent See more of this in Aetius Tetrab 1. Serm. 4. Chap. 21. Chap. 23. Of Vari or Pimples VAri are Tubercles or little Swellings somwhat neer of kin unto Psydracia by the Greeks called Jonthoi because that like unto Dung they are the defilement and the disgrace of the Countenance by fouling and disfiguring of the Face Galen in his second Book of the Method of Physick Chap. 2. reckons up these among those names that neither represent the place affected neither the cause that produceth them They are likewise by some named Acne or Acna as Aetius tels us Tetrab 2. Serm. 4. Chap 13. Although Hermolaus in his Gloss upon Pliny reads the word Acmas as if this kind of Affect were commonly so termed by the Greeks in regard that it is wont to seize upon those that are of ripe and ful age Celsus in his fifth Book Chap. 6. writeth thus It is almost but a meer folly saith he to attempt the curing of these Vari or Specks and Pimples in the Face or the little Pushes and heat-wheals of the same But Vari and Lenticuâ—ae or Pimples are very wel and commonly known and yet notwithstanding you cannot possibly take from Women the care they take in tricking themselves up and especially in trimming their Faces In Galens Opinion as we have it in his fifth Book of the Composition of Medicaments according to the place Chap. 3. and in his Book of making those Remedies that may be provided Chap. 51. Jonthos is an hard and little swelling in the Skin of the Face raised from a thick Juyce that is there gotten together The which in regard that it is altogether void of the wheyish moisture it is therefore not at al itching neither doth it require or stand in any need of scratching This Humor is for the most part alimentary insinuating it self into the Pores of the Skin But yet there is likewise oftentimes therewithal mingled an excrementitious Humor and atrabiliary blood Signs Diagnostick We have before told you out of Celsus that this Tumor is sufficiently and commonly known Prognosticks 1. This Affect hath in it no danger so that Celsus thinks it meer folly so much as to will or desire the Cure of this Tumor 2. Those Vari that arise only from the thicker and grosser Aliment are firm and stable But if an Excrementitious Humor be mingled with them the Tubercles pour forth an Ichor or thin Excrement and if they be suppurated they turn into Ulcers 3. If together with the Pushes there be an Intense and extraordinary redness in the face the Malady is then very hard to be cured if not altogether impossible and although the Pustules may be removed by strong Medicaments yet the redness wil notwithstanding remain and encrease unto a higher pitch 4. When there is a redness conjoyned with the swelling and puffing up of the Face and a hoarsness of the voyce this is a very shrewd sign of an approaching Lepra or Leprosie The Cure These Tubercles are to be cured by Emollients Discussers and likewise unless they in a short time yield and give place by corroding Medicaments As for instance Take Meal of Lupines of the bitter Vetch Orobus of each one ounce and half of Mallows peeled and Flowerdeluce Root of each two drams Salt Ammoniack one dram with Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth make Trochisques which at the time of using them may be dissolved in Milk Or Take Honey and the sharpest or sowrest Vinegar of each one ounce and half Mingle them Or Take Litharge of Gold three drams Turpentine half an ounce common Oyl as much as will suffice mingle them Or Let the Face be anointed in the Evening with bitter Almonds wel pounded and made into a Mash and so mingled with Vinegar and in the morning wash the Face with Milk If the Vari be harder than ordinary Take Black Soap half an ounce Animoniacum Frankincense of each a dram and half let them be dissolved in Water that they may get the thickness of a Cerote Or Take the Juyce of the sharp Dock two ounces Vinegar of
different Affect and such as is familiar and common unto Children and that it is bred out of sweet flegm which is manifestly declared by the viscousness and clamminess of the rotten filthiness as also by the whiteness thereof and somtimes from a flegm mingled with Blood as the color declareth which is not very red and it soon cometh to a maturity and somtimes likewise from Melancholy or Choler as Gulielmus Placentius writeth of this same Affect in the first Book of his Chirurgery and Chap. 5. Johannes Philippus Ingrassias in his Book of Tumors Tract 1. Chap. 1. without any the least scruple conceiveth that this Tumor is to be referred to Hydrocephalus But in regard that Hydrocephalus is bred of Water and hath no blood at al mingled therewith neither may be suppurated this therefore cannot be granted unto the said Ingrassias nor by any means allowed of And lastly there is another Tumor which they cal Nata Natta Natta and Napta being great and soft without any pain and color growing forth especially in the back and somtimes notwithstanding breaking forth in the shoulders and other parts hanging by a smal slender Root but yet so greatly encreasing that it weigheth some pounds and is in bigness equal unto a Melon or Gourd which because it hath not alwaies one and the same form and figure it hath likewise therefore by Authors divers and several names conferred upon it The matter that is therein contained doth indeed now and then seem to be fleshy but in truth it is no flesh but like unto fat and therefore it may not unfitly be referred unto Steatoma The Causes They refer the cause of these Tumors unto a salt flegm or else a flegm mingled with Choler But in regard that these Tumors may be referred to Melicerides Atheromata and Steatomata it may therefore most fitly be determined and asserted That these Tumors have the very self same cause that those said Tumors have only here lieth the difference That in these there is greater store of matter and thereupon it is likewise that these Tumors arrive at a greater bulk and bigness than the former Signs Diagnostick These Tumors are easily known from the descriptions before declared for they are soft Tumors or at least such as are not very hard broad and large and shut up in their peculiar Membrane Prognosticks 1. If these kind of Tumors be in the Head they then are dangerous by reason of the vicinity and neerness of the Skull in regard that they corrode the Skul and corrupt it especially about the Sutures 2. If there be present a great corruption of the Skul it is then far better to let this Tumor alone and not meddle with it than to cure it 3. Those of them that are without any corruption of the Skul are cured with more safety 4. Like as it was in the Tumors mentioned in the former Chapter so it is likewise in these unless the whol Tunicle be drawn forth together with the humor there is no perfect health and soundness to be expected or hoped for since that if there be any thing left behind there wil from it a new Tumor arise and break forth The Cure Universals and generals being first premised and the body sufficiently evacuated the matter constituting the Tumor is to be taken away which is done by digestive and resolving Medicaments or by those that suppurate or by Chirurgery And therefore if the Tumor be without any Ulcer and corruption of the bone then let discussing Medicaments be administred Now the Discussives are such as are wont to be used in Scrofulae and Tumors But it is somwhat rare that these Tumors are cured by Discussives If therefore they cannot be so taken away and removed to wit by Discussives alone then Maturatives and Suppurating Medicaments are likewise to be administred such like as have been already propounded in the foregoing Chapter Or Take Onions roasted under the Embers the Yelks of Eggs hard boyled of each three in number Swines Grease or unsalted Butter half a pound the Root of Marsh-mallows boyled to a softness and bruised very smal one pound and make a Cataplasm And yet notwithstanding we are not to expect and wait for a perfect Concoction and generation of Pus in regard that Pus easily and soon gets a sharp and malignant quality and so corrodeth the Skul And therefore so soon as any signs of Suppuration shal appear the Tumor is maturely to be opened The Incision is to be either simple and downright or else it is to be made in the form and figure of a Cross according to the bigness of the Tumor The Pus being wholly evacuated the Ulcer is to be throughly cleansed by convenient Medicaments as for example with such as this Take Barley Meal two ounces Myrrh half an ounce Sarcocol one ounce Honey as much as will suffice mingle c. The Ulcer when it is throughly cleansed is to be filled up with Flesh and consolidated If the bone be corrupted it is then to be shaven and to be cured in like manner as it is wont to be in the rottenness of the bones But as for the Cure by Chirurgery it is to be ordained and instituted in like manner as was declared in the Chapter foregoing Chap. 37. Of Verrucae or Warts THere are moreover other Tumors likewise that are said to have their original not from humors but from a solid substance But since that these same humors take their original either from a vitious and luxuriant juyce nourishing the parts or else from excrementitious humors mingled together with them we wil therefore subjoyn this kind of Tumors unto those that were but even now explained and treated of And first of al there are indeed certain smal Tumors that arise in the Skin like unto little hillocks Verrucae which are called Verrucae or Porri For with the Latines Verruca is properly the higher and more eminent part of a Mountain or Hil and according to Gellius in his third Book and Chap. 7. the rough part thereof whereupon it is that those places are termed Verrucosa that are unequal and have divers eminent parts But now these Verrucae from their several forms have gotten divers and several appellations For one is called Sessilis by the Greeks Myrmecion Verruca sessilis and by the Latins Formica which is fixed and fastened with deeper roots broad beneath and slender above and this thrusteth forth it self in the Skin less than the other kinds of them and it is likewise stable and permanent and not altogether so movable as the rest Now they conceive that it is so named either from their blackish color such as there is in Ants or Pismires or else because that when it is hard pressed it exhibiteth a sense of pain like unto the bitings of those aforesaid Pismires and it is for the most part bred in the Hands or likewise in the Feet neither is it altogether without pain and in this
Scrofulae that are in Swine which we call the Swine pox The Breath stinketh the Voice is hoarse shril and obscure by reason that the Lungs and the parts serving for Respiration are filled and beset about with thick adust humors and by reason also of the driness and roughness of the Trachaea Arteria or the great rough Artery In the Hands the Muscles are extenuated especially between the Thumb and the fore Finger for whereas those Muscles are naturally lifted up into an hilly and manifest swelling the depression of them and their being emaciated happening by reason of the defect of aliment becomes the more manifest and remarkable in them the Nails are cleft there is present a stupidity and want of feeling in the Ankles and the Calves of the Legs and in the Feet also so that although the sick Persons shall be pricked with Pins or Needles in those places yet they feel it not in regard of the vitious matter filling up and obstructing the part hindering the access of the spirits The same likewise somtimes befalleth the Fingers and Toes in the which there is also perceived a coldness and a certain privation of al sense and feeling and somtimes likewise that stupidity and sleeping as they cal it chanceth unto the whol Skin between those Fingers and extendeth it self even unto the Arm from the Foot it extendeth it self even unto the Knees the Thighs and the Hips yea moreover the sense of feeling is diminished throughout the whol body in Elephantiack Persons For all the Nerves and Pores being obstructed and in a manner shut up by the thickness of the humors will not allow and afford any passage unto the Animal Spirits In some certain places under the Skin there is perceived and felt a kind of stinging such as is caused by Emmets or Pismires as if Nettles were rubbed thereupon and likewise a certain kind of itching and tickling as if there were Worms creeping there and this is by reason of the adust fumes and burnt vapors ascending up under the Skin The Skin it self is wholly Unctuous and Oyly so that Water poured upon it wil hardly stick and abide by reason of the melting of the fat under the Skin and the effusion of fat excrements thereinto Others there are that unto these signs add other signs also They advise us to take some few grains of Salt and to cast it upon the Blood because that if the Blood be infected the Salt is presently resolved and melted but on the contrary if the Blood be not infected They command us likewise to cast this Blood into the purest and clearest Water and if it swim at top it is corrupted but the contrary if it sink to the bottom Others there be that take the Blood and putting it in a clean Linen Cloth they wash it for if there then appear in it certain blackish rough and as it were sandy bodies it argueth a leprosie But there are other signs also of this Malady and indeed there is scarcely any evil mischief or inconvenience that is not annexed thereunto and in the which there is hardly any thing within or without that is sound But yet notwithstanding the Face is especially to be considered neither is any one rashly to be accounted Leprous unless the figure of the Face be corrupted And therefore since that in some Common-wealths there is instituted and appointed an Annual Examination and Search in and about these Elephantiack persons and that this is the chief if not the whol business of the Physitian he ought therefore to use the utmost of his endeavor and to be very cautious that through imprudence or by a rash and precipitate Judgment he do not cause such to be exiled and banished from al society that are not infected with this Disease and on the other hand for those that are infected therewith that he do not permit them to live and converse with such as are sound to the great endangering of them And this he may easily do if he have in his eye al the signs before recounted and mentioned and if he wil likewise but duly weigh and consider which of them are proper unto them and inseparable from them and what they have common with other Diseases In the serious examination of al which Franciscus Valeriola hath taken extraordinary pains in the sixth Book of his Enarrations Enarrat 5. the Reader may do wel to consult the place alleadged We must not here also pass by in silence that which Marcellus Donatus hath in his first Book of the History of things wonderful in Physick Chap. 4. by which we have occasion given us to think and conjecture how great the corruption of the blood may possibly be in those that are Leprous Annibal Pedemontanus saith he having been for two yeers vexed and afflicted with an incurable Lepra he was at the end thereof taken and surprized with a Pleurisie and having a Vein opened this strange thing befel him the hot Vrine that came from him being in quantity more than the pot could wel hold and upon which there swam a blood at least six ounces in weight so soon as it was cooled was by the said blood thickned in such a manner just as if the water had been Milk and the blood the Curd thereof so that in its consistency it seemed to be very like unto curdled Milk yet still retaining its own proper color of the which there was not one drop indeed to be found that was severed from the rest and not curdled The cause hereof is given by the Author before cited who conceived it to be and imputeth it unto the thickness and clamminess of the blood which being throughly mingled with the Water the actual heat of both of them assisting and furthering the distribution in their mingling together when it had abated of its great heat and was now become cool gave the occasion of the said coagulation or curdling And he conceiveth likewise that here the very same thing happened that cometh to pass when the smal parts and pieces that are cut from Hides and Skins are boyled in Water for the making of Glew For so soon as ever that Water is cooled it instantly is thrust and forced close together by reason of the clamminess and sliminess of the juyce and the like also happeneth in some kind of meats that we eat that are made of Calves feet and the feet of other living Creatures Prognosticks 1. By al which iâ— appeareth That this Malady is most grievous and dangerous hard to be cured and the truth is not at al curable unless it be taken in hand in the very beginning and first rise thereof neither then without much ado and difficulty For an Elephantiasis inveterate and confirmed wil at no hand admit of any Cure For if a Cancer being but a particular disease only wil allow of no cure how much less wil the Elephantiasis that is an universal Cancer of the whol body admit and receive any And
indeed there is hardly to be found any Remedy that can subdue and conquer the greatness of this Malady 2. This Disease is exceeding great and grievous to wit from the great store of corrupt humors and there is in the body an extream and intense heat to wit so great that if any one thus affected but for a short space hold in his hand a new and green Apple it wil become wrinkled and withered even as if it had been for some long time dried by the heat of the Sun and the Air. And this same very malignity hath now of a long time taken deep root For this Malady discovereth it self but very slowly neither doth it at al appear before that the malignity of the humors have besieged as I may so say and shal have corrupted the bowels On the contrary the strength of Nature is but very weak as it may sufficiently appear from the actions of al the faculties that are generally hurt and weakened 3. Wherefore like as we do but in vain and to no purpose at al take in hand those that are altogether overmastered by this malady and the long continuance thereof so on the other hand it argueth an overgreat despondency and despair in those Physitians that deny their help and assistance for the cure and recovery of those that but only seem to be affected with this disease but in very truth are not so For as Aetius writeth Tetrab 4. Serm. 1. Chap. 120. It is a sign of humanity and an argument of brotherly kindness in the most extream and worst of Maladies to condescend likewise unto those Experiments that in al likelihood and probability may tend to the quelling and keeping under the rage and violence of the Affect The Cure As for what concerneth the Cure of this Disease in the curing of an Elephantiasis that is but new begun it is above all other things necessary and requisite that the vitious humors be wholly removed out of the body which to attempt wil yet notwithstanding be but in vain unless there be withal such a like Diet first ordained and appointed as by the which there may be no more of the vitious and bad humors gathered and heaped up together but that thereby rather the fault and whatever is amiss in the humors and the body may be rectified and amended And this is done by such things as cool and moisten to wit as they are contrary unto the preternatural distemper being hot and dry Broths and suppings are in this case therefore very fit and proper which may be qualified with Sorrel Bugloss and Borrage unto which likewise as unto al other food the Patient eats Harts-horn may be added and mingled therewith as having in it an especial and peculiar virtue of oppugning and subduing that aforesaid malignity Let his Meats be such as afford a good and commendable juyce and withal easie of digestion his flesh rather boyled than roasted or if at any time it be rosted then among other Condiments Sauces or Sallades let there be appointed him these that follow viz. Sorrel Lettice the juyce of Citrons Vinegar of Roses and Câ—pars But chiefly we commend the cream of Barley with the Milk of sweet Almonds And on the contrary let the Patient carefully a-avoid al salt meats and such as being salted are then smokeâ—dried and so hardened al fried and adust food al spiced meats as also Pease Beans Onions Garlick Mustard Hares flesh Harts flesh Beef Swines flesh Fish that have a viscous and clammy juyce and generally al other meats that breed a thick melancholick and adust humor And when the sick person is at his meals thirsty mere and undiluted Wine is very hurtful for him in regard that the heat and driness of the Patients body is thereby augmented and as for Beer thick humors are for the most part thereby generated and therefore it wil be requisite to find out for him another kind of Drink that he may dayly make use of without any the least inconvenience Of which sort the chief and principal is that drink that is made of the juyce of sweet ripe Apples and then throughly cleansed from its Lees and Dregs For this Drink is of singular use and benefit not only for those that are Elephantiack but likewise for al Melancholy and Hypochondriacal persons as also for al others whose Liver and Mesentery or Midrif afford matter and cause of a disease For it tempereth and qualâ—â—ieth the melancholy humor discusseth the vapors thereof recreateth the Heart begetteth cheerfulness tempereth and moisteneth the dryness of the Bowels and yieldeth a good aliment Another Drink there is that is useful and fit for al hot Natures and hot Diseases provided that the stomach wil but bear it and it is made after this manner Take of the purest Water three quarts Sugar six ounces the juyce of Lemmons or of the Citron three ounces according to what the stomach of the sick person the strength of the heat and the tast require of Citrine Sanders two drams let them boyl a little and afterward add of Cinnamom one dram and strain them Those that are of mean estate and condition may make use of the Prisan or Barley boyled with Fenel seeds Bur this following wil serve them for a more efficacious Drink Take Sorrel Marigolds Meadow-sweet of each one handful Pimpernel two drams Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each one dram Raisons stoned and wel washed two ounces Liquor is rasped and cut into thin slices one ounce Barley one pound Boyl them in a gallon of Water until one quart thereof be wasted away And what is strained forth let it be sweetened with the Syrup or Julep of Violets Or Take the Root of Succory one ounce Raisons three ounces Liquoris cut thin half an ounce Harts-horn Fenel seed of each one dram boyl them in a gallon of Water almost unto a third part And what is strained forth sweeten it with the Syrup of Violets Furthermore as there shal be occasion let a vein be opened and the body be purged according to what the variety of circumstances shal require as for example Take Cassia one ounce Elect. Diacatholic two drams Fenel seed half a scruple and with Sugar make a Bole. Or Take Elect. Diacatholic half an ounce Confect Hamech one dram or two Conserve of Borrage half a dram Sugar a sufficient quantity and make a Bole. Or Take the Roots of Succory and Scorzonera or Vipers Grass of each three drams Sorrel Borrage Bugloss Fumitory Harts-tongue of each one pugil or smal handful of al the Cordial flowers two pugils of the four greater cold seeds and Fenel seed of each half a dram the Leaves of choice Sene half an ounce Polypody of the Oak and Mother of Thyme of each two drams Raisons cleansed half an ounce boyl them in a sufficient quantity of cleer running Water and in four ounces and half of the straining infuse one dram and half of Rheubarb and half a dram of Cinnamom unto
the flowing humors such is likewise the diversity and variety of the Tumors that are excited to wit an Inflammation an Erysipelas Oedema and Cancer But what humors they are that excite those Tumors hath been above declared where we spake of Tumors Signs What kind of Tumor this is and what danger it produceth and threateneth appeareth likewise sufficiently from the places alleadged neither is there any need at all that we repeat any thing here of what was there said The Cure The way Means and Method of Curing it was there likewise declared which is yet nevertheless here in such manner to be instituted that the Ulcer may not in the least be neglected If therefore either the Blood offend in its quantity and overgreat abundance or else if vitious humors abound in the body these are first of all to be evacuated In the next place regard is to be had to the very part affected After this Medicaments are to be applied unto the place affected which may either discuss the humor that is the Cause of the Tumor or else convert it into Pus And therefore in an Inflammations there ought to be applied a Cataplasm made of Quinces boyled with the Pouder of Myrtle or of boyled Lentiles with the Meal or flour of Barly Pomegranate rinds and red Roses In the augmentation of the Ulcer there must be added Camomile flowers and Bean meal In the State Mallows Marshmallows the meal of Linseed and of Fenugreek As Take Barley meal two ounces the pouder of Camomile flowers one ounce the meal of Linseed and of Fenugreek of each six drams and make a Cataplasm If the Tumor tend toward a Suppuration the Suppuration is then to be holpen on with a Cataplasm of Mallows Mashmallows Linseed Fenugreek and Wheat and other such like Ripeners As Take Mallows Marshmallows of each one handful boyl them in Water until they be soft and then bruise them well When they are bruised then add of the flour of Linseed and Fenugreek of each one ounce Wheat flour half an ounce Swines fat and Oyl of Roses of each one ounce and Mingle them If an Erysipelas be joyned together therewith externally and in the neer adjacent places those Medicaments are to be imposed that we have above propounded in the first Part and Chap. 7. touching an Erysipelas There is here very usefully imposed upon the external parts the water of Elder flowers and Night shade We add this only that somtimes it so happened that as in an Erysipelas if it be not rightly Cured and if such things shal be rashly and unadvisedly administred that obstruct the Pores so that the humor can by no means pass forth nor be dissipated or that there be caused an over great asslux of humors Pustules oftentimes yea and greater blisters and bladders are excited in the affected part out of which when they are broken there issueth forth a warry Sanies and the part is afterward exulcerated and unless it be rightly handled the Affect soon degenerateth into long continuing and malignant Ulcers especially in the Thighs yea and oftentimes into a very Gangrene it self Which if it should change so to happen it wil then be very requisite to make use of Coolers Driers and Astringents together As Take Platane Leaves one handful flowers of red Roses half a handful boyl them to a softness and then let them be bruised when they are bruised and passed through a Hair-sieve add of Barley meal one ounce and half the pouder of Pomegranate flowers half an ounce with the oyl of Roses make a Cataplasm That that is here especially useful and profitable is the Unguent Diapompholyx unto which if you please you may yet further add some Sugar of Saturn If the Tumor be cold then such a like Cataplasm as this may be imposed Take the Leaves of Mallows Marshmallows of each one handful and boyl them in Ley unto a softness and then bruise them wel then add the pouder of Marshmallow root one ounce and half Camomile flowers ten drams Oyl of white Lillies as much as wil suffice and so make a Cataplasm If a Cancer be joyned with the Ulcer there can then be no other Cure more fit and proper then that we have already propounded touching an ulcerated Cancer The rest of what might here be spoken touching these may be seen if they be sought for in the first part touching Tumors Chap. 7. Of proud flesh growing forth in Ulcers IT happeneth oftentimes that in Ulcers there is found proud flesh and such as groweth forth further then what is fitting which Malady the Greeks term Hypersarcosis which whensoever it happeneth it hindereâ—h that the Ulcer cannot possibly be shut up with a Cicatrice The Causes Now this happeneth either from the abundance of blood that floweth unto the part affected or else by reason that the Sarcotick Medicaments that had been administred were overweak and less drying then what was fit If the former of these be the Cause then the flesh it self wil be in a right temper only there wil be too much thereof If overmuch flesh proceed from the latter of the two Causes then the flesh wil not be sound and solid but loose and Spungy The Cure As for what concerneth the Cure if the first happen fasting and spareness of Diet is then to be enjoyned unto the sick Person and dry Medicaments are to be imposed But if the flesh begin to grow proud by reason of the use of Sarcotick and detersive Medicaments that were in their own Nature overweak then we ought to make use of the stronger sort of Detersives and such as produce a Cicatrice and if there be occasion even septick Medicaments likewise And such are a Spunge burnt dry Liniments imposed the rind of Frankincense Galls Aloes Tutty and burnt Alum And indeed in the Toes when by reason of the compression of the excrescent Nails the flesh beginneth to be luxuriant so that a man can neither put on his Shoes not go without pain then burnt Alum alone sprinkled thereon wil take away the said flesh The stronger Medicaments are the rust and scouring of Brass Chalcitis Mercury precipitate Mercury sublimate And therefore whensoever there is need but of litttle drying then let there be imposed dry Liniments or else such as have been soaked and wel wet in this following Decoction Take Galls the rinds of Frankincense and Mastick of each one dram Flowers of red Roses Pomegranate flowers and Rue of each half a handful Alum two drams boyl them al in Wine Or Take Galls Pomegranate rinds a Spunge burnt of each alike and make a Pounder to be strewed thereon There is more especially useful this green water following which being besprinkled upon the luxuriant flesh or else imposed thereon by Liniments it taketh away the said flesh without any pain at all and generateth a Cicatrice The Green Water Take Alum Crude and Green of each two drams boyl them in eighteen ounces of Wine until a fourth part be wasted
oft as it is hot we may put it into cold water to cool it And whatsoever of the humor sweat forth out of that bone it is to be cleansed and wiped away with a Spunge or a Linen cloth lest that otherwise it corrupt the neerly scituated parts After the burning we are then in the first place to apply rose-Rose-water with the white of an Egg for the preventing of the Inflammation and the moderating of the pain afterward we are to administer the Oyl of Roses with the Yelk of an Egg and then after this Butter with Honey of Roses But unto the bone that is burnt the Pouder of the Root of Sow-fennel of Aristolochy Euphorbium or some other of the forementioned Remedies is to be imposed and laid upon the corrupted bone until the said bone be separated and parted After the taking forth of the corrupted bone some drying Pouder and such as are called Cephalick Pouders is to be strewed upon the place After this the Ulcer is to be filled up with flesh and at length to be closed and shut up with a Cicatrice Chap. 14. Of Ulcers hard to be cured commonly called Cacoethe Telephium and Chironium THere are Ulcers likewise that are here and there in the Writings of Physitians termed Dysepulote Ulcers Cacoethe Telephia Chironia and Phagedaena which what they are we shal in this and the following Chapter explain unto you And in general al those Ulcers may be called Dysepulote or hardly healed that are not to be cured without much difficulty and such as are not closed up with a Cicatrice without much ado Touching the right curing of which Galen wrote both the fourth Book of his Method of Healing and his fourth Book of the Composition of Medicaments according to their kinds And this indeed happeneth for four causes as Galen tels us in his fourth Book of the Method of Healing Chap. 1. For of those Ulcers that are hardly cured and rebellious some of them are made such by reason of the distemper in the ulcerated part and others of them become such by means of the humor flowing in unto them But now this very distemper may again be said to be twofold since that the subjected flesh is somtimes such as hath exceeded the bounds of Nature in the quality only but somtimes likewise with a certain necessary Tumor or swelling And in like manner the afflux of humors admitteth of a twofold division to wit into First the bad and depraved quality and secondly the excessive quantity of the humor or juyce that floweth in But in the mean while either some or else al the aforesaid Affects are alike and indifferently mingled together Yet nevertheless the same Galen in the sixth of the Aphorisms Aphor. 45. addeth a fifth cause where he writeth That Ulcers retrain a long time not only because of the afflux of humors or by reason of any disposition in the Member contracted from the humors flowing in but also thirdly by reason of some passion of the bone that is corrupted in that place For although Ulcers that have a corrupted bone lying underneath them may somtimes be cured and covered over with a Cicatrice yet notwithstanding that foundness is not firm and of any continuance but the Ulcer is afterward again renewed and this happeneth so long as the rotten bone remaineth unhealed And yet nevertheless Galen in his first Book of the Composition of Medicaments according to their kinds Chap. 18. distinguisheth between these Dysepulote Ulcers that is to say such as are hardly brought to a Cicatrice Malignant ulcers and the Ulcers Cacoethe or Malignant and he calleth such of them Dysepulote that arise from the conflux of either many or sharp humors without this that the part affected hath already such a disposition that although that that floweth in should be good yet notwithstanding it corrupteth it now those Ulcers that have already gotten this aforesaid disposition he calleth Cacoethe or malignant So that al those Ulcers that are hardly cured from what cause soever it be may in general be called Dysepulote Ulcers and now in special likewise those that are so made without any depraved disposition of the part affected But in regard that al the differences and causes of Ulcers hardly cured have hitherto been explained there is no need that we add any thing more concerning them And yet nevertheless there is one cause of those Ulcers that are hardly curable that I have somtimes observed which I think it not fit here altogether to pass over in silence It happeneth very often that in long continued Ulcers the skin is extenuated and the fleshy panicle and fat is wasted which if it happen we may conclude that the Ulcer is not healed since that the skin can by no means be agglutinated unto the flesh lying underneath it for when the Capillary Veins tending to the skin are eaten asunder they cannot then convey unto the skin that blood that is necessary for consolidation This is known because that the skin is not only by the touch perceived to be extenuated Ulcers Chironia but the color is likewise changed and becometh wan and dark and the skin as it were withereth away There is in this case little or nothing to be performed by Medicaments but the skin is either to be corroded by some Caustick Medicament or else as I have sometimes caused it to be done the Ulcer is to be opened longwaies with the Iron and this may very easily be done As touching the Ulcers Chironia and Telephia the Chironian Ulcer hath its name from the Centaure Chiron though some there are notwithstanding that render another reason of the said appellation Zenodotus as Erasmus of Rotterdam relateth in Chil. 2. Cent. 8. Prov. 21. thought that Chiron received from Hercules a Wound in his Foot and that the said Wound being altogether incurable he perished thereof so that incurable Ulcers are hence called Chironian Ulcers But Pliny in his twenty fifth Book Chap. 6. and Ovid in the fifth Book of his Fasti are of opinion that Chiron was not wounded by Hercules who was his friend but that Chiron being entertained by Hercules Chiron his Arrow fel accidentally upon the Foot of Hercules and caused therein a most dangerous and envenomed Wound and that Chiron himself healed this Wound with Centaury which Plant was therefore by those that came after called Chironium and that this Chiron was the first Inventor of the ancient Chiturgery being a part of Physickâ— and that from Hands and the operation of those hands it received â—s name So that any contumacious and malignant Ulcer that by reason of its contumacy hath need of some Chiron to cure iâ— and which was at the first cured by the said Chiron may be called a Chironian Ulcer Celsus in his sixth Book and Chap. 28. defineth a Chironium Ulcer in this manner It is saith he great and hath lips that are hard callous and swelling The Sanies that issueth out of it is not much but
Mortification the Radical humidity being consumed and the Native heat dissipated ariseth from thence ulcers hard to cure are likewise from thence excited the motion of the part is abolished and there are filthy and deformed Cicatrices left remaining 2. Burning by Lightening is likewise very dangerous and for the most part deadly 3. By how much the purer the Body is by so much the more easily is the burning cured But if the Body be either Plethorick or Cacochymical then from the pain and heat there is very easily caused an afflux of the humors and from thence Inflammations putrid ulcers and other evils are excited 4. The Burning is likewise somtimes more and somtimes less dangerous according to the Nature and condition of the parts affected For if there be but only one part burnt there is then less danger than if many parts or the whol body be burnt For when many parts or the whol body be burnt it is very rare that the persons thus burnt should ever be perfectly wel and sound but most commonly they die miserably by the very vehemency of the Symptoms 5. If the burning be so deep that it reach even unto the greater Veins Arteries and Nerves it is then dangerous For when the exsiccated Vessels are contracted and shut up the blood and the spirit cannot then flow unto the affected part from whence there is caused an Atrophy a Gangrene and a deprivation of sense and motion 6. The burnings of the Abdomen are not cured without much difficulty for the Skin is there softer and those Muscles by reason of their various motions are variously extended and contracted 7. If the burning reach even unto the Intestines it is then deadly 8. The burning likewise of the Groyns is very dangerous since that those places are moist and therefore the more fit to receive the afflux of humors 9. The burnings of the Eyes are also dangerous For although they be but light yet notwithstanding they may produce either a stark blindness or a deprivation of the sight or at least a dimmution thereof 10. If the hairy parts be ever a whit grievously burnt they alwaies continue smooth and slick for hairs are never generated in that hard Cicatrice that is brought over the affected part The Cure Indeed some there are that from the ordinary and wel known Axiom of Physitians viz. That Contraries are the Remedies of Contraries are of opinion that such Members as are burnt ought so be cooled and therefore they think that unto those parts that are burnt there must Coolers be immediately applied But this their opinion hath its original from that vulgar but false Conceit viz. That the burning is only an alteration and the introducing of a hot quality whenas notwithstanding the very fire it self and likewise its Atomes are communicated unto the part that is burnt and an Empyreuma as al of them are forced to confess is produced for what indeed else is this Empyreuma which al of them tel us ought to be called forth then the smal parts or particles of the very fire that have penetrated themselves into the burnt part and Experience it self teacheth us That cold things wil not cure burnings but that on the contrary by the said Coolers the fiery particles being thereby thrust down much lower the pain is wonderfully augmented and inflammations yea and the Gangrene it self and the Sphacelus excited but that such things as are hot and that cal forth the Empyreuma are very helpful from whence likewise it is as we al wel know that the burnt parts are not to be plunged into cold water but rather to be put somwhat neer unto the fire Which although that Platerus seem to find fault therewith yet use hath tâ—ught even the very vulgar the truth of this and Aristotle long since took notice hereof as appeareth in his Sect. 2. Problem 56. Neither are those things that are applied hot applied in the nature of Anodynes since that al Anodynes wil not do it as by and by in the Cure it wil appear but only those of them which have virtue and power in them of calling forth the Empyreuma But now similitude and likeness begetteth attraction and the external fire calleth forth the incrinsecal fire that is to say that very fire that it self conveyed into the burnt part as Ambrose Parry tels us very truly in his Book 11. Chap. 9. In the Cure therefore of Burnings let the first care be to cal forth the Empyreuma to wit in the same manner like as we have told you in Part 1. Chap. 15. touching Kibes that the cooled parts are not rightly cured if they be put neer unto the fire or plunged into hot water since that hence the pain becometh so much the more intense and vehement yea and that oftentimes a Gangrene and Sphacelus are excited but if they be first rubbed with Snow or dipt into cold water then the cold is drawn forth so if the Empyreuma be called forth by those things that are hot which is done by means of the similitude or likeness then this Malady is soon taken away Which that it may be rightly done the Cure is to be instituted and ordered according to the degrees of the Burning above propounded First of al therefore if the Burning be but light The Cure of a light burning we must prevent what we can the breeding and arising of Pustules or blisters for if this be done the sick person is then already freed from al the evil of the burning But now this is to be speedily done and therefore whatsoever Medicament we have ready at hand we must forthwith make use thereof and therefore the Member if the nature and condition thereof wil so bear it is to be put a little neer unto the fire or else deeply plunged into hot water or else fomented with a Spunge or a Linen cloth doubled and then wel soaked in warm water that so the Empyreuma by reason of the likeness may be extracted or else immediately a Linen cloth dyed in Varnish is to be imposed upon the burnt Member or a Linen cloth wel wetted in the Ley or water in which unslaked Lime hath been extinguished And then presently Onions bruised in a Mortar with Salt are to be laid upon the burnt part or else this Unguent Viz. Take of a raw Onion one ounce and half Salt Venice Sope of each half an ounce mingle them in a Mortar pouring in unto them as much of the Oyl of Roses as wil suffice and make an Vnguent Or Take Venice Sope three ounces raw Onion one ounce Salt six drams the Oyl of Eggs half an ounce Oyl of Roses and sweet Almonds of each one ounce and half the Mucilage of Quince seeds one ounce mingle them and make an Vnguent Or Take the green Rind of the Elder tree or the first shoots of the Elder let them he wel bruised and then boyled in Butter that is new and unsalted and then strain them Or Take Vnslaked Lime
the Evacuation of the blood and the preparation and purgation of the vitious humors ought to be enjoyned according to the Nature of the peccant humors This in the general is to be pre-cautioned that regard be had unto the Heart that it be wel and safe guarded against al the malignant vapors that exhale from the putrifying part And therefore we must here administer for the comforting and strengthening of the Heart Medicaments of Borrage Bugloss Carduus Benedictus the smallest Sorrel Bole-armenick Terra sigillata Bezoar stone Citrons Treacle Mithridate Species of Diamargarit frigid Electuarium de Gemmis Confection of Hyacinth Alkermes and the like Or Take the Water of Scabious Sorrel Borrage Roses and Carduus Benedictus of eâ—â—h one ounce and half Syrup of Sorrel Citrons and Pomegranates of each one ounce the species of Diamargarit frigid Bole armenick and Terra sigillata of each one scruple Mingle them and make a Potion Or Take Conserve of Roses two ounces of Sorrel of Borrage and of Gilliflower of each one ounce Citron rind candied Rob de Ribes of each half an ounce prepared Margarites Bole-armenick Terra sigillata the temperate Cordial Species of each one scruple Syrup of Sorrel and of Citrons as much as wil suffice and mingle them Let the Heart be likewise guarded externally with Topicks As Take the Water of Roses two ounces of Borrage and Sorrel one ounce and half of Carduus Benedictus one ounce Vinegar of Water-Germander six drams Spirit of Roses one scruple Mace Lign-aloes Rinds of the Citron of each half a dram Saffron half a scruple Camphire six grains Mingle them and make an Epithem which must be applied unto the Region of the Heart for its defence and preservation In a Gangrene likewise for the most part the sound part ought to be fenced and guarded and we must be alwaies doing our endeavor that the said part receive none of the putridness And for this end the above mentioned Defensives of Bole-armenick and Terra sigillata must be administred unto which by reason of the malignity Water Germander may be added and mingled therewith As Take Bole-armenick one ounce Terra sigillata half an ounce Harts-horn burnt and prepared one dram Camphire half a dram Wax six drams Oyl of Roses four ounces Rose Vinegar one ounce the juyce of Water Germander half an ounce the white of one Egg mingle them and make an Vnguent As Take Bole-armenick and Terra sigillata or sealed Earth of Lemnos of each half an ounce Mingle them with Vinegar of Water Germander Gulielmus Fabricius frequently made use of this that followeth Take Barley meal four ounces Bolearmenick two drams Galls Cypress Nuts Pomegranate rinds of each one dram and half with a sufficient quantity of Oxymel simplex make a Cataplasm A Gangrene from overmuch cooling But now that we may come unto the more special Cure we will in the first place declare unto you in what manner the Gangrene that hath its originall from an overgreat cooling ought to he Cured But now that it may be wel known how and in what manner al those are to be dealt withal that have been over cooled whether it be so that the Gangrene be already present and in being or that it be only neer at hand we wil from the very begiâ—â—ing briefly pursue and declare the truth of the thing The Cure of such as are over-cooled If therefore there be any one over cooled yet notwithstanding that as yet there is no Gangrene present neither is the part as yet become wan pale and cold but that there is rather a redness in the part together with a vehement and burning pain then in this case the man is not instantly to be moved neer unto the Fire but he is rather to be placed somewhat more remote from it that so by degrees the heat may recover and recollect it self But if it be so that the part be not altogether stiff and stifled with cold so that there be no longer any blood left therein then it is forthwith to be welchafed and rubbed with Snow or the overcooled members are likewise to be throughly washed with cold water upon which they wil begin by little and little to wax warm and to recover their former heat Which the Inhabitants of the Northern Climates have much in use who are wont when any Travellers are overcold stiff and almost dead therewith first of all to plunge them deep into cold water and before ever they give them any entertainment to wash and rub their Hands Feet Noses and other Members with Snow And that from the inward parts the heat may the more strongly diffuse it self unto the external parts and that all the cold may be expelled it wil be requisite to administer suppings made of Wine and to drink Wine and Treacle mingled together The aforesaid People of the Seprentrional Regions use to give their Guests when they are almost dead with cold Hydromel with the Pouder of Cinamom Cloves and Ginger and the like Spices after which they put them to bed and cause them there to Sweat For which purpose there be some that outwardly apply likewise unto the body Flagons or Stone Pots ful of hot water Afterward when the pain and the coldness are something mitigated gentle rubbings with the hands anoynted with the Oyl of Camomile sweet Almonds and Dil are to be administred and the parts are to be fomented with sweet Milk in the which there may also be boyled the Leaves and Berries of the Lawrel Rosemary Camomile Sage Organy French Lavender and the like The Decoction of Rape roots is likewise singularly useful and commonly unto those members that are pained with overcoldness they use to apply the Decoction of Rape roots that have been first frozen with cold After this we must betake our selves unto those things that are hotter such as the Oyl of Lilies of Turpentine of Wax Nettle seed Cresses But if there be not only a fear of a Gangrene but that there also be one already present and that the Member already begin to die we must then use our utmost endeavor that the heat may be preserved in the part and that from other parts it may be again called back unto it and therefore here is little or no benefit to be expected from Defensives but Scarifications are rather to be administred and the parts to be fomented with those hot Medicaments that were but even now mentioned unto which we may add Scabious water Germander the Root of Asclepias or Swallow-wort and the like Unto the parts there may be administred Treacle Mithridate Trochisques of the Viper the Ley in which Water Germander hath been boyled and Treacle Waters Secondly A Gangrene from the afflux of Malignant humors If the Gangrene hath its original from the afflux of Malignant humors or a malignant quality then by appointing a Cooling and drying Diet and by administring of Meats sauced and seasoned with Citrons Lemmons and Pomegranates and
their Conception The Cure Indeed it is very requisite that the depraved humors that are the Antecedent Cause of this Affect and are wont to nourish the same should be evacuated but in regard that in Women with Child we may not safely make use of those evacuations we ought therefore to content our selves with Topical Medicaments And here there is to be commended the use of Bayberries if their rinds be taken off and then they be beaten into a pouder and so mingled with Honey and made into the form of an Unguent and the Face therewith anointed in a Bath Or Take Pouder of Lawrel Berries as much as you please and with Mushrom Water make it into the form of a Pultiss with which let the Face be anointed in the Bath Or Take Camphyre one dram Nitre two drams Mingle them with Honey and let the Face be anointed with the said mixture The Emulsion likewise that is made of the Seeds of Hemp is very useful For the spots that are in the Faces of Maidens while their Courses are upon them and whilst they yet flow Take the Juyce that is pressed forth of the root of Bugloss sliced and with it anoint the Spots Chap. 3. Of Lentigines Pimples or specks in the Face ANd hither belong likewise the Lentigines which the Germans from the color of dry Leaves cal Sommer strossen Sommer flecken and Lauf flecken and they are spots in color resembling Lentiles with the which in Women especially the Face principally and somtimes likewise the Hands Arms and upper part of the Thorax being exposed unto the Air is aspersed and overspread they somtimes standing thicker and somtimes thinner like unto so many drops as it were without any pain and trouble in some appearing indeed only in the Summer time and vanishing again in the Winter and in some likewise they keep their course from yeer to yeer The Causes But now they have their original from adust burnt blood seizing upon the Scarf-skin And this happeneth more especially in ruddy bodies that are of a Cholerick temperature and especially in the Summer time when that vapor of the blood is more burnt And hence it is that in the Winter for the most part these spots vanish but then they return again and appear in the Summer And they break forth chiefly in those parts that are exposed unto the external Ambient Air the Face the Neck the Hands and the superior part of the Thorax because that the Scarf-skin is more burnt by the Sun and the Ambient Air detaineth those burnt vapors in the Skin Platerus is of opinion that the Juyce that should nourish the hairs that are fixed in the Skin being brought unto the pores of the Skin do cause these spots For this humor saith he being first of al assimilated by them and agreeing somwhat with them in color before they are put unto the Roots of them if it be by them further dispersed any whither else into the superficies and circumference of the pores it then produceth those kind of spots and that dark and duskish color somwhat more or less inclining unto that color of the hairs that it had gotten while it was assimilated by them Which diffusion of this Juyce into the Pores proceedeth somtimes from the external heat overstrongly attracting it and withall dilating the Pores if then the Juyce nourishing the Hairs doth not only affix it self unto the roots of the Hairs but diffusing it self further also and there subsisting causeth those Dusk Dark and Brown spots more or less according to the diversity of the colour of the Skin But since that the Face wanteth Hairs it is not credible that the Juyce ordained by Nature for the nourishing of the Hair should breed such kind of spots but for the breeding of these like spots there sufficeth a portion of the adust blood degenerating as it were into a Melancholly humor Platerus also is of opinion that the overgreat Natural loosness of the Pores contributeth its furtherance so that even by reason of them the said Juyce doth not only nourish the Hairs but likewise produce these spots But I had here rather assent with Eustachius Rudius who thinketh rather that the Lentigines do arise from the thickness of the Skin and therefore because that the Cheeks are more thin than other parts therefore it is that although there come into them very many of these adust vapors yet notwithstanding they are not detained in them but are from thence gently evaporated and so the Lentigines that are in them are but few but because the Skin of the Fore-head is thicker and that the vapors are not easily received in it but being once received are the more detained there therefore the Fore-heed doth the more abound with these Lentigines or Dusky spots Signs Diagnostick These Lentigines are easily known because that they are Spots of the bigness a of Lentile of a dark brown and dusky color dispersed up and down in many drops as it were standing close and thick together and very familiar unto such as are of a red Hair and they annoy the Face the Neck the Hands and those parts that are exposed unto the Sun and the Air. The Prognostick Those Lentigines as they have in them no danger at all so for the most part they vanish in the Winter but yet notwithstanding in some bodies they alwaies return again in the Summer and in some they are Annual and return constantly from yeer to yeer The Cure Galen for these Spots commendeth the Herb Costmary with Honey and Water as also the seed of the Cabbage Bitter Almonds are likewise very useful and so is the Oyl of Eggs likewise But most effectual is the Water of great Figwort distilled out of that wel known Plant as also the Water drawn out of the flowers of the spotted Satyrion and lastly the Oyl of Tartar by draining O Take of Eldern flowers and Bean flowers of each a like proportion pour in unto them Goats Milk blood-warm Let them stand for a daies time in some cold place and afterwards let them be destilled and then Take Bean meal as much as you think fit let it be moistened with the said water and in the evening let the Face be anoynted with that mixture In the morning let the Face be washed with the water of Elder flowers and Bean flowers unto which there may be added a little Camphyre dissolved in the Spirit of Wine Or Take Honey four ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds one ounce Pouder of the Flower deluce root two drams Borax half an ounce make an Vnguent The Virgins Milk likewise as it is called is here very good and it is thus prepared Take of Litharge four ounces boyl it in three pints of the best Vinegar unto the wasting of a third part when it is cooled let it be strained through a filtring bag and afterwards Take Sal Gem three drams boyl it in cleer water unto the Consumption of a third part then strain it after
in Chap. 4. touching the Scurvy which proceeded from a Styptick Vapor contracting the Muscles moving the Larynx and as it were violently pulling them together In the Body the Back especially there appeared wan spots the Teeth were loose and indeed some of them were already faln out There was likewise continually to be seen in the hollow of his Hands a perpetuall redness proceeding no doubt from the heat and driness of the Liver and this arose from the unseasonable use of Medicaments heating and drying For he had not only for fourty daies together used the Decoction of China as is beforesaid but other Medicaments of the like Nature He lay whole Nights many times without any sleep at all There was likewise present a Fever that observed no course at al such as those are wont to be that accompany the Scurvy Such was this Patient when I first received him that for the recovery of his perfect health I could give him no assurance at al neither could I wel give him any certain hope of the preserving his life from a sudden death which continually threatened him But yet nevertheless in regard that he had come so far a Journey for his healths sake I endeavored what I could by my continued care and pains to effect his desire and to do him good and by the good hand of the Almighty assisting me I so wrought that his Belly was able again to do its office and that the excrements acquited again their natural consistence that the pains of the Belly and Joynts ceased and that the Arms and the Hands had likewise their motion restored them insomuch that the Noble Lord could not only perform other offices with his Arms and Hands but could likewise write Letters His Belly also that was altogether extenuated began again to increase and not only so but even also to grow fat again And yet notwithstanding there stil remained and pertinaciously persevered the Palsey of the Feet and their contraction which could not be taken away by any kind of Medicaments no not by the use of those admirable Baths to wit the Teplicenses into which he was put in the month of June in the yeer 1629. and as I conceive it wil hardly ever be wholly and perfectly cured Now the Medicaments that I made use of were directed unto these ends and purposes to wit that the Belly might again be made loose and soluble that the Cacochymy might by degrees be evacuated that the vice of the humors and the Scorbutick disposition of the Bowels might be amended by Antiscorbutick Medicaments and that the most urgent Symptoms might be quite removed and taken away As for what concerns the matter of Physick here to set down al the forms of those Medicaments which almost every day were administred it would be too tedious and not worth the while in regard that the same Indications stil abiding the very same Medicaments but yet nevertheless with often variation of the forms are frequently to be repeated in this long lasting and contumacious Disease We wil therefore only subjoyn the matter of those Medicaments that answer unto the Indications extracted from the forms which yet nevertheless were not al of them administred in al Medicaments but according unto the present condition and the Nature of the Circumstances somtimes these and then another while those were administred And yet notwithstanding we wil here add a form or two For the loosening of his Belly which unless some waies irritated would scarcely ever have done its office he had indeed as I told you before brought out of Italy great store of Aloes Rosat But when I perceived that by the use thereof his Intestines were but the more dried I disswaded him from the use of it And so instead thereof he often made use of Clysters unto the which his body had been much accustomed made of the Roots of Marsh-mallows Polypody of the Oak the Leaves of Feverfew of the Herb Mercury Bears-breech Mallows Marsh-mallows Centaury the less the flowers of Camomile and Elder Dill-seed Fenugreek seed Lin-seed Cummin-seed Electuar Diacatholic Diacartham Benedict Laxatâ—vâ— Hiera simplex Syrup of Roses Solutive Oyl of Camomile of Elder of white Lilies and Yelks of Eggs. But the Laxative Syrups were made of the Roots of Polypody of the Oak Fern Succory the Rinds of Tamarisque the Roots of Capars Fumitory Agrimony Endive Germander Spleenwort or Miltwaste the seeds of Carthamus Raisins Leaves of Sene Agarick Zedoary Galangal the Rinds of Citron the Cordial flowers Manna Cream of Tartar and Sugar as much of al these as shal suffice Pills of the Mass of Pass of Fabricius Aquapend with the Species of Diacartham For the correcting the vice of the humors and the amending of the Scorbutick disposition he made use of Antiscorbutick and opening Medicaments As for example Take of Scorbutick Water described in the third Book of our Practice four ounces of Spoonwort or Scurvygrass and Borrage of each one ounce Conserve of Spoonwort an ounce and half of Betony half an ounce Let them stand al night and strain them in the morning adding thereto of Tartar and Vitriol or the simple mixture of each half a dram and mingle them together Also Take the Juyce of Spoonwort newly pressed forth of Water Pimpernel or Brooklime and Water-Cresses of each a quart of Succory root newly Candied six ounces Salt of Tartar half a dram Let them stand digesting in a close Vessel for some daies and afterwards strain them unto the straining add of white Sugar four ounces Conserve of Borrage Betony and Fumitory of each two ounces let them stand again in digesting one whol day and night and afterward strain them Also Take of the simple Mixture one ounce and half Rob of Juniper one ounce Juyce of Spoonwort Water-Cresses Brooklime of each six ounces Species of Diarrhod Abbat two drams Syrup of Borrage of the lesser Gilliflower of Acetosit Citri of each one ounce and half Cinnamom Water half an ounce let them stand digesting and afterward pour out al thereof that is cleer Also Take of the simple Mixture one ounce and half Rob. Juniper two ounces Extract Calam. Aromat one scruple Saffron half a scruple Conserve of Spoonwort three ounces Fumiterry and Sorrel of each one ounce and half Juyce of the Citron new drawn four ounces Scorbutick Water six ounces Spoonwort Water four ounces Cinnamom Water half an ounce Let them stand in digestion and afterward strain them He made use likewise of the Pils of the Trochisques of Capars the Extract of Succory Spleenwort and Gentian and also Cream of Tartar Vitriolat There were likewise Rols prescribed for him of the Species of Aromat Rosat Abbat Diarrhodon Abbat Plires Archont Extract of Otrace Elecampane Erynus the Pouder of Bezoar as likewise this Pouder Take Species Dâ—aireos one dram Calam. Aromat the seed of Cresses Rocket Saffron of each one scruple Cinnamom one dram Cream of Tartar two drams make a Pouder He used Electuaries made of the Conserve
likewise the Oyl of St. Johns-wort The Oyl of St. Johns-wort invented by Magatus of his own invention which is thus with much labor and pains to be made Take the Tops of St. Johns-wort three handfuls Adders Tongue the greater Consound and Horse-Tail of each one handful white Wine well scented and strong five pints let the Herbs be bruised and macerated in the said Wine for the space of twenty four hours the mouth of the Vessel being carefully and close stopt and then making an expression and straining what is so pressed forth take the like Quantity of the said Herbs and let there be a second infusion and after that a third The last infusion being made and the liquor pressed forth and strained Add then unto the white Wine Of old Oyl six pound the Tops of St. Johns-wort two handfuls Adders Tongue the Herb commonly called Meddow-sweet or Regina prati the greater Consound and Carduus Benedict of each one handful the Root of white Dittany the greater Consound Birth-wort Tormentile Bistort of each half an ounce Scarlet Grain or Chermes Berry two drams Seeds of St. Johns-wort six drams and mingle them Having bruised those things that are to be bruised let them be macerated in Balneo in hot boyling water the mouth of the Vessel being well stopt for twenty four hours and afterwards let them boyl in a double Vessel tel the Wine be consumed and then pressing and wringing forth the Liquor and straining it through a bag first well moistned in the best white Wine Add thereunto The Tops St. Johns-wort two handfuls Adders Tongue the Herb Meddow-sweet Consound Woodroof which the Latine Herbarists call Matrisylva of each one handful mingle them The Herbs being bruised and an infusion made in a Bath of scalding hot Water or in Balneo Mariae for twenty four hours and after this an expression being made and the Liquor strained as before take the like quantity of the aforesaid Herbs and make another infusion as above and so a third and the last expression and straining being made add to the Oyl Leaves of St Johns-wort two handfuls Betony Pimpernel Mous-Ear the Herb Trinity of each one Handful of these make three infusions as above the last expression being made and the liquor strained Add unto the Oyl Of the smallest Leaves of St. Johns-wort two handfuls Consound the lesser Centaury white Briony Periwinkle of each one handful and here likewise let there be three infusions in this manner Let the Vessel which ought to be of Glass be set in the Sun for three daies and the fourth day let it be kept in Balneum of Scalding hot Water and there let it continue for twenty four hours and afterwards make an expression and strain it and unto the Oyl let there again be added The smal Leaves of St. Johns-wort that have attained unto their ful ripeness three handfuls Centaury the less one handful the fruit of the Balsam Tree in Numb 6. And then do as before The last expression being made and the straining likewise Add unto the Oyl Dittany of Crete one ounce Roots of white Dittany and the greater Consound Birthwort Orace of Illyria Bistort Tormentil of each six drams Scarlet Grain two drams Make three infusions after this manner set the Vessel in the Sun for six daies after that for two daies let it be kept in a Balneum of boyling hot water then press forth the Liquor and strain it and thus do three times as above and in the end the last expression being made and strained Add unto the Oyl The distilled Oyl of Turpentine of the Gum or sweat of the Fir-Tree of each half a pound Seed of St. Johns-wort one ounce Root of Consound Birthwort white Dittany Tormentil Bistort Orace of each two ounces Scarlet Grain one ounce Mirrh and Frankincense of each one ounce and half Sarcocol Gum Junip Aloes of each half an ounce Apples of the Balsam Tree twelve in Numb Balsam of Peru two ounces slice the Apples and bruise all the rest mingling them with the Oyl and let the Vessel be kept all the Winter time under Horse Dung then take it forth and press out the liquor and straining it keep it for your use in a Glass vessel the mouth thereof being close stopt The vulnerary Balsam of Magatus The Vulnerary Balsam of Magatus Take Gum Elemi four ounces Balsam of Peru three ounces Gum Tacamahaca Gum Carranna the liquor conteyned in the little bladders of the Elm of each two ounces oyl of Bayes Styrax liquid Myrrh of each one ounce and half White Frankincense Gum Hedera of each one ounce the sweet smelling Laser Ladanum Styrax Calamite the fattest you can get Ammoniacum Bedellium Opopanax Galbanum Sarcocoll of each six drams Roots of Birthwort Master-wort Angelica White Dittany Consound Acorus Orace Tormentill Bistort the seeds of St. Johns Wort of the Citron Citron rind of each half an ounce Cinnamom Cloves Nutmegs and Mace of each one ounce Mastick Aloes Dragons blood Scarlet Grain of each half an ounce Cretan Dittany one ounce the oyl of the oyle Nut Ben three ounces Juiniper Berries an ounce and half Wax one ounce Rosin of the Pine one ounce and half Cleer Turpentine Gum of the fir tree of each one pound and half the best strong water six pints Mingle them the Gums being exactly melted they may be melted apart by themselves with some of the Turpentine and the rest that are more drie beaten and bruised in a gross manner into a powder and then let them all be cast together into a Retort which may be kept for three days in a Balneum of Boyling hot water then let it be luted and kept in the hot water untill the Clay be throughly dryed afterwards by a fire of Ashes or embers let the oyl be drawn forth in an Artific al manner now first there will come forth a certain water which I call the water of Balsam and it is to be kept by it self and then the oyl which we call Balsam The oyl of St. Johns Wort is here likewise of singular use and it is thus to be prepared Take the Tops of St. Johns wort fully ripe Oyl of St. Johns Wort. three ounces Macerate them for three days in sweet smelling Wine and then let them boyl in a double vessel stopping close the mouth thereof after this let them be squeezed hard and the liquor pressed forth then let a like weight of fresh St. Johns wort be cast into it let it be again Macerated boyled and pressed forth let this be thrice done and if the wine be diminished add other instead thereof after this Take Turpentine three ounces old cleer oyl six ounces Saffron one pound boyl them in a double vessel unto the wasting a way of the wine and then make an expression and when you have purged the oyl from all its setling reserve it for your use The Balsam following is greatly commended by Dr. Raimundus Mindererus The Balsam of
expected that in the curing of Wounds there should be at any time a total and absolute freedom from all pain and trouble no more then there is in the curing of other diseases And indeed if al things were to be omitted and for born that are any waies the Cause of any trouble whatsoever then the sewing of the Wound as likewise the Swaths and binding up of the Wound were all of them to be omitted But the Rule is good in this case that alwaies of two Evils the less is to be chosen Fifthly Neither are Tents therefore to be omitted because that being defiled by the Pus they may hurt the wounded part For as often as they shal be thus fouled and made nasty they are to be drawn forth and this very thing impugns the rare and seldom opening of the Wound Sixthly And last of all although that Hippocrates and Galen where they treat of the Curing of Wounds do not make express mention of these Tents so neither yet do they forbid the use of them but rather out of the precepts of Galen as touching the Curing of Wounds it may be proved that the use of Tents is oftentimes by him allowed and approved of All the premises being therefore thus agitated and discussed Pro and Con the thing seems to come to this and the whole sum and substance of this Controversie amounteth to thus much that light and sleight Wounds and such wherein there is not much Pus generated may be committed unto Nature and that it matters not much if such Wounds as these be but seldom concovered But yet I would not in the least perswade any Man that in those Wounds that are more grievous and in which there is generated great store of Pus and Excrements he stand as an idle Spectator and Trisler doing little or nothing himself but committing the whole business to Nature in regard that from the neglect and omission of the necessary opening of the Wound there may more danger and damage arise in one day then can afterwards be removed in a whole Month. And so likewise for Tents as on the one side where there is no need of them I would not perswade to the putting of any into the Wound much less that there should be such Tents made use of that may cause pain excite a fluxion or hinder the flowing forth of the Pus so on the other hand where necessity urgeth and the Causes before mentioned require the use of them there I conceive they cannot possibly be omitted without damage and danger But yet nevertheless in regard that experience perfecteth Art example shewing us the way I shall not withstand or oppose any man in his making trial and experience even of this way likewise so that it be as I have said before without any danger unto the Patient and as Magatus himself adviseth in his 1 B. and 40. Ch. about the end thereof beginning alwaies from those more light and easie and from these by degrees proceeding unto those that are more grievous and difficult Chap. 10. Of the VVeapon Salve THose things that have been in the precedent Chapter spoken touching the opinion of Caesar Magatus and Ludovicus Septalius as concerning the curing of Wounds put me now in minde of that Unguent they commonly cal the Weapon Salve For as those siple Wounds of the flesh as hath been said in the foregoing Chapter are Cured by the benefit of Nature alone without any other great provision without any frequent opening of the Wound and without the applying of many Medicaments So those Wounds likewise that are said to be cured by this Weapon-Salve my Opinion is that they are cured by the help and assistance of Nature alone But in regard that there are many who have asserted the contrary therefore we think it not amiss in this place to make some enquiry into this Opinion of theirs and to tel you what I conceive is to be thought as touching this Weapon-Salve Now we shall First of all give you the descriptions of this Unguent or Weapon-salve and then we shall acquaint you with the use of it and what Arguments are usually brought for the defence therof Now most are of Opinion that Paracelsus was the first that found out this Weapon-Salve and therefore the invention thereof is by very many ascribed unto him but whether he were the first that we find to have made mention hereof or not of this there is no question but that he hath been very forward in the divulging of it Paracelsus himself in his 1. B. Archidox Magicae hath this description of it Take The Moss of a Dead mans Skul two ounces Paâ—â—â—cisus his description thereof Mummy half an ounce Mans fat two ounces Mans blood half an ounce Oyl of Linseed two drams Oyl of Roses and Bole-Armenick of each one dram mingle them and make an Vnguent Into which he puts a piece of Wood that hath been soaked in the Blood that comes from the wound and then throughly dryed and every day constantly he covereth the Wound with a new Swathe that had been throughly moystened in the Urine of the wounded person But then for the anoynting of the Weapon he addeth yet further Honey one ounce and Bulls fat one dram John Baptista Porta in his 8. B. of Natural Magick and 12. Chap. writeth thus of it The Weapon Salve saith he was a good while since by Paracelsus given to Maximilian the Emperor who having made trial of it esteemed it very highly all his Life after of which there was some bestowed on me by a certain noble person then living in this Emperors Court. If the Sword that gave the Wound were brought or a piece of Wood wet in the blood of the said Wound the wounded person was then cured albeit he were never so far off Take Vsnea Porta his description of the weapon salve or the Moss that groweth upon a skul left in the open Air and mans fat of each two ounces Mummy and mans blood of each an ounce and half Oyl of Linseed Turpentine and Bole Armenick of each one ounce let them be all wel mingled together in a mortar and then preserved in an Earthen Vessel somwhat long and narrow Dip the Sword into the Vnguent and so leave it let the wounded person in the morning wash the wound with his own Water and so adding nothing at all thereto let the wound be bound up and it shall be cured without any pain And Crollius himself likewise attributeth this Unguent or Weapon Salve unto Paracelsus Crollius his Description and he cals it the Sympathetick Unguent of Paracelsus and thus he describeth it Take the fat of a Bore Pig or Brawner and Bears fat of each four ounces The older these Creatures are the better it their fat Let both these fats first of all for the space of half an hour boyl in red wine over a gentle fire After this it is to be poured out upon cold water and the fat swimming
flesh and any other substance that is lost and perished may readily be restored and made good again and the part restored unto its former Vnion And Pet. Andraeas Matthiolus in his 4. B. upon Dioscorides Chap. 16. saith thus By such potions I have seen healed as wel the Wounds of the Thorax as those of the Intestines which were thought to be mortal and altogether incurable by any help and means whatsoever And this these Medicaments do altogether and without fail perform to wit that they consume the excessive humidity of the blood that is wholly unfit for agglutination that they supply a due and fit matter for the generating of flesh and Thirdly that by their moderate astriction they prevent and hinder the afflux of humors unto the wounded part And Guido of Gauliacum Tr. 3. Doct. 1. Chap. 1. writeth thus in the stile of his Age In Ancient Vlcers saith he in case of any parts Fistulated and Cancerated as also in Blood congealed in the interior parts and in case of Sanies gotten together in the Breast and Intrinsecal Glandules and in Croakings of the Guts I have somtimes used these potions And out of him the very same hath Johannes Tragautius in his 2. B. of Chirurgic Institutions and Johannes Andraeas a Cruce writeth very confidently that in these cases he himself was wont to make use of these potions and most of all in Wounds of a long continuance when they have come to be Fistulated and refractory against all other Remedies And Ludovicus Septalius in the place alleadged writeth thus When we once perceive saith he that great store of excrements are from day to day generated either by reason of Errors committed in point of Dyeâ— or by reason of the overgreat abounding of naughty and vitious Humors in the whol Body or else by reason of somthing amiss and faulty in the Wound the Body being first evacuated and the time of the Inflammation passed over we thought good oftentimes to make use of some vulnerary potten for many daies together until we saw that the matter was wholly consumed Now the simples out of which they are made and prepared are divers Johannes Andraeas a Cruce writeth that there are only four Herbs that may be extolled and commended for this use to wit Ladies Mantle Avens the Herb Periwinkle and the Herb Trinity which is a species of Trifoyl or three Leaf Grass But indeed there arâ— many more Plants in use for the making of these potions to wit The Materials of vulnerary petions The greater and less Consound Sanicle Saracennical consound Agrimony Winter-green Speed-wel Mug-wort Plantane Savine Horse-Tail Adders Tongue five leafed Grass or Cinquefoil wild Tansey Vervein the Red Cabbage Neep or Neppe some calit Cat Mint Golden Rod the lesser Centaury St. Johns-wort Tansey Vipers Bugloss Rupture wort Water Germander Straw Berry Leaves the Roots of Tormentil Pimpernel both the Aristolochies or Birth-worts white Dittany Valerian Bistort Gentian Rubarb Rhapontick the Flowers of Lillies of the Vally of St. Johns-wort and Roses Crabs Eyes Sperma Ceti commonly called Parmacitty the Lentisk Wood Mummy Mace Bole-Armenick Of these there are made divers Compositions but more especially potions and pouders And yet nevertheless in the preparing of these there is in the general to be observed to wit that those Plants which are appropriated unto the wounded part or the parts nigh unto it as for instance in the Wounds of the Head Betony Roses in the Wounds of the Breast Speedwell in the Wounds of the Liver and about the Liver Agrimony in the Wounds of the Reins or about the Reins Straw-berry leaves are to be made choice of Potions Take Red Mug-wort one ounce Leaves of Tree Ivy the Herb Winter-green the greater and less Sanicle Ladies Mantle Saracennical Consound of each one ounce Daisies half an ounce let them be cut smal Vulnerary potions and infused in half a pinte of the best Wine and cleer running Water one pinte and half let them stand in the Balneum shut and close covered by the space of three hours in the heat and then after this let them be taken forth and stand all night in the morning add Sugar four ounces Nutmeg Crabs Eyes Mummy of each two drams and make a potion Or Take Ladies Mantle Sanicle Saracennical Consound wild Ivy red Mug-wort of each one handful pour in unto these four measures of the best Wine boyl them in a close pot over a gentle Fire until the fourth part be consumed and wasted away Or Take Winter-green four handfuls the Leaves of ground Ivy three handfuls the Roots of white Gentian four ounces when you have cut them smal put to them of old stale Beer as much as will suffice let them stand al night and afterwards destil them Or Take Saâ—racennical Consound all of it both Root and Leaves one handful hoyl them in good Wine until a third part be wasted away and give the Patient Morning and Evening a draught of this to drink Or. Take the Herb Tormentil Straw-berry leaves Sanicle Matrisy Iva or Ladies Bedstraw and Winter-green of each one handful boyl them in beer and give it the Patient to drink Or Take Herb Winter green Herb Periwinkle the Herb Bugle Mug-wort Pimpernel and Agrimony of each two handfuls boyl them in Wine unto the one half and give the wounded person a draught of this Mornings and Evenings Or Take the Lentisk Wood and Oake Missletoe of each two ounces the Roots of Consound Aristolochy Centaury Valerian Madder Tormentil and Bistort of each half an ounce Common Water Chalibeated that is to say wherein steel hath been often quenched six quarts mingle them and make an Infusion according to Art for twenty four hours and afterwards let them boyl in a double Vessel until the one half be wasted and when in the boyling it is come to the third part then add of Parsley Roots the tops of the Bramble Bush Hemp Mous-Ear Herb Trinity a species of Trifoyl or three leaved Grass Herb Climer or Periwinkle Horse-Tayl Straw-berry leaves Flowers of Valley Lillies of each half a handful Rhapontick two drams Cinnamom half an ounce but in the end of the Decoction add of Aromatick Wine three pints and then having pressed forth the liquor and strained it with Sugar make a sweet and pleasant drink Or Take Quajacum Wood prepared four ounces the Rinds of the same Wood and Sarsaparilla of each two ounces Citrine-Saunders and Tormentil Root Bistort Root Valerian Root white Dittany Root and Consound Root of each half an ounce Common spring Water two Gallons mingle them and make an Infusion according to Art for twenty fours hours after this let them boyl in a double Vessel unto the consumption of the third part and then add of Horsetayl Betony Mousear Cretan Dittany Wintergreen Wild Tansey topps of the Bramble bush herb trinity and Strawberry leaves of each half a handful Cinnamom half an ounce let them boyl together until there remain three Quarts and
be had since that by the use of them there may easily be excited a pain Convulsion Inflammation at length the Gangrene it self unto which Maladies these Wounds are otherwise obnoxious like as also those Glutinating Cataplasms which stick so close and fast unto the part and bind it so streightly together have here no place neither are they rashly and inconsiderately to be made use of because that they bind together and streighten the part and thereby cause pain It is therefore most convenient that after the bones are again composed and conjoyned the Member be placed and fastened in a thin plate of Lead or in a skin moystened or with those slivers or chips that wheel-wrights while they hollow the holes of their Carts and Wains cut forth with the hollow Auger or Wimble after they have been first moystened with water For all these things as they hold the broken part together so they do it in such a manner that they may notwithstanding be bent as much as you please that so they may not cause any pain But now in the stead of those Cataplasms there may be layd on some Emplaster or Cerote As Take Rosin and Wax of each half a pound the pouder of the barque of the teyl tree one ounce and half Turpentine two ounces Bole armenick one ounce the Juice of the herb Storks bill or Cranes bill two ounces boyl them to the Consistence of a Cerote or Take Mucilage of the Root of the greater consound the Gum or Juice that sweats out of the Apple tree of each three ounces the Juice of the greater Comfrey and Bole Armenick of each an ounce and half the Juice of Cranes bill six ounces the powder of the rind of the Linden or Teyl tree two ounces the yelks of twenty Eggs Turpentine half a pound the oyl of Earthworms three ounces mingle them You shall have more of these prescribed blow in the fifth part touching Fractures The Dyet Let the Air be dry and in other Respects temperate and rather inclining to heat then cold Let the Patients food be sparing and yet nevertheless there is here also a regard to be had unto the Patients strength and his accustomed Dyet and as in all other so especially in this kind of Wounds his Meats must be of a good Juice but he ought carefully to abstain from all those meats that yield a naughty and corrupt Juice Let the Patient altogether forbear the drinking of wine unless he hath been much accustomed thereto for whosoever he be that hath wholly accustomed himself to the drinking of wine he wil hardly away with the drinking of Water in case Beer should be hard to come by Let the Wounded person likewise carefully shun all occasions of Anger abstain from all over swift and violent motion of the body in regard that rest as Hippocrates in his Book of Ulcers teacheth us is the most fit and requisite for all that are wounded and on the contrary all labor hurtful He must likewise avoid Venery by keeping himself from womens company And in a word if ever there be need of an exact and accurate Dyet in other wounds then certainly the most exact Dyet that may be is much more especially required in this kind of Wounds Chap. 21. Of Poysoned Wounds TOuching those poysoned Wounds you are to understand that these poysoned Wounds require a peculiar kind of Cure by themselves whether it be by poyson put upon the bullets Arrows Darts or whatsoever other kind of poysoned Weapons or else by the biting of any living Creature as a Dog or a fierce and raging Wolf or some other poysonous Creature or else by the blow of a Scorpion Aspe or any other venemous Creature whatsoever And the very truth is that those wounds that are thus inflicted by the biting or strokes of poysonous Creatures whether wild beasts or any other they do more hurt by their venemous quality then by the Wound it self which for the most part is but sleight and of no great moment whereas those Wounds that are inflicted by poysoned weapons do not only hurt by their poysonous quality and by virtue of the poyson wherewith they are infectted but they are likewise oftentimes very dangerous simply as they are Wounds We must not here pass over in silence that Disease which is contracted from Scarifications The Moravian Disease some have called it the new disease of Moravia and the sickness of Brunna because that it first of all began to shew it self at Brunna a town in Moravia in the year 1577. touching which Thomas Jordan hath published a special Treatise which Johan Schenckius hath inserted in the sixth Book of his observations And touching this same disease or plague Johan Sporischius hath written a Tract and inscribed it of the Symptoms of Scarification And Job Crato likewise maketh mention of this same Disease in his Epist collected by Scholtzius Epist 139. The Sum of the whole business is this in brief Al whosoever they were that in the year 1577. on St. Lucies day from what followeth notwithstanding I Collect this that not only those that were thus scarifyed on the first day of Winter were taken with this Malady but that all likewise that made use of these Scarifications from that first day of Winter even unto the vernal or spring Solstice went into their publique Bath at Brunna and had these scarifications administred to them they instantly seemed to be taken and surprised with this Malady Neither did they yet presently perceive the hurt and mischief thereof although that forthwith there appeared some certain signs of the disease now gotten into them There were some that had the disease lying hid and not discovering it self for the space of Eight days in others the Malady lay concealed a fortnight and in others during the whol time of their courses to wit according to the strength both of the Malady as also of the party now affected therewith But at length it manifested it self publiquely In the mean time those that were taken with the disease were observed to be affected with an universal kind of sloath and dull sluggishness and being thus taken with sloathfulness they became lazy and altogether unfit and indisposed for the discharge of their Callings and wonted business and they were likewise Melancholly and of a sad countenance The Native fresh colour of their face was suddenly turned into a paleness the Vigor and quickness of their eyes into wilde and fierce lookes there appearing in them a deformity with a dun and duskie Circle as it useth to be in women that have their Courses upon them And then it soon discovered it self by manifest and apparent signs After the application of Cupping glasses they were immediatly invaded by an extreme great and incurable heat and after this there followed filthy imposthumations and putrid rotten Vlcers flowing with Sanies and foul black gore-Blood and round about there appeared also certain pushes at broad as the Palm of the Hand
its proper place and that there be no Contusion of the parts incumbent and lying neer then some gentle Medicament that is fit and Convenient for a fracture and inflammations is to be layd on of Frankincense sine flour Bole Armenick the White of an Egge and the like But if the broken Ribb stick forth outwardly it is to be pressed together with the hand and to be reduced unto its Natural situation and here also a Convenient Medicament is to be imposed But if the broken Ribb tend inwardly we must endeavor that it may be brought back into its own place And therefore we must first of all see whether by the Cough and the holding of the breath or by the help of the hands the broken Ribb may be restored again into its own place which if it succeed not then we must lay on some Emplaster that will attract and that will stick fast unto the Ribb and then this Emplaster is again with violence to be taken away that so the Ribb may be brought back again into its own place And very Convenient for this use is this Emplaster also Take The finest wheat flour two ounces Tragacanth Frankincense powdered of each five drams Missleto of the Oake to wit the Glew six drams Ichthyocolla or Fish Glue one ounce and half Whites of Eggs two ounces Rose-water as much as will suffice and mingle them Or an Emplaster made of Turpentine Rosin blackpitch Barly Meal or Beanmeal Mastick and Aloes And such like emplasters as these are often to be applyed and then to be taken off when the sick person shall breathe more freely And I my self remember likewise that some yeers since a certain Cooper having a Ribb broken and depressed in his right side by the violent recoyling of a hoop which he was bending to make a hoop for a Hogshead or tub so that he could very hardly draw his breath Coughed extremly and was not able to lift himself up straight I applyed and layd on such an Emplaster as this that we have mentioned and thereby brought back the Ribb again into its proper place Some there are indeed who endeavor the bringing back of the broken Ribbs into their places again by the applying of Cupping-glasses but Most Physitians dislike this practise there being great cause to fear lest that by this means there be more of the humor attracted and that otherwise the flesh above the Ribbs is wont to be puffed up But if any broken fragment of the Ribb prick the Membrane so that thereupon most grievous pains and other ill symptoms arise in so much that there be great cause to fear death that part wherein the Ribb is broken is to be opened with the incision knife that so we may the better come at the fragments that prick either to pluck them forth or to cut them off And if likewise there be present any contusion or bruise a vein is then to be opened lest that an Inflammation follow The Ribbs being reduced unto their own places again Nature will then indeed of her own accord generate the Callus which that we may the better assist some Emplaster that is convenient for a fracture of the bones is to be imposed among the which this that followeth is one of the chiefest Take Pouder of Myrtles and red Roses of each one ounce the Meal of Barly of the bitter vetch orobus and of Lentiles of Beans and of Mastick of each two drams Acron Cups Cypress Nuts the rinds of them Frankincense Dragons blood Earth of Lemnios Aloes and Myrrh of each two drams Oyl of Myrtle of Roses and oyl omphacine of each nine ounces Wax and cleer Turpentine of each half a pound and make an Emplaster Some there are that in the progress of the disease wet and soak the swathes in Rosemary water which as they write is a very special and effectual water in all fractures of the bones But if the flesh be moyst and flaggy then the Medicaments before propounded are to be imposed and the place is to be streyned together with swathes and other Coverings that so the flesh may again be conjoyned with the bone And if through Negligence of the Physitian or the sick person himself the Malady be now become old and inveterate and that the flesh be rendered soft and snotty so that there be cause to fear lest that the bones Gristles and Membranes may be hurt we are then to do our endeavour that the said snotty Juice may be discussed by such digesting Cataplasms as we shall anon speak of But if this may not be done the burning iron is the best Remedy and yet here we are to be very cautious that the bone be not made hot or the inward parts hurt If that which was bruised tend toward a Suppuration the Matter is then to be resolved and evacuated with a Cataplasm of Barly meale Bean meal or of the bitter vetch Orobus Camomile flowers and the like As Take Meal of Beans and Barly of each two ounces Wormwood half an ounce the pouder of Camomile flowers Melilote and Eldern of each one ounce boyl them in Spring Water and then add Oyl of Camomile and Roses of each one ounce and make a Cataplasm But if the matter cannot yet be discussed by these Medicaments all delay is to be avoided for fear lest that the bone be vitiated and therefore in that part wherein it most swelleth the part is to be opened either with the Penknife or with the hot Iron that so a free passage forth may be opened for the Pus The Dyet Let the Patients Dyet at the first be thin and very sparing and such as is required in other acute Diseases Let the sick person keep himself as quiet as he can without any Coughing or Sneezing as much as may be let him not talk much nor laugh nor Chafe See Hippocrates in his 3. B. of the Joynts Text 54. c. Galen in his Comment upon the place and Ambrose Parry in his 14. B. and 12. Chapter Chap. 18. Of the Fracture of the Spina Dorsi or Back-bone ANd somtimes it likewise so happeneth that from external and violent Causes the Spina Dorsi or Back-bone and its Vertebrae are broken Signs Diagnostick If the Spina or Back-bone be hroken then there appeareth a Cavity in that place and there is a pain and pricking felt in regard that of necessity those broken fragments of the bones must needs be very Thorny and Pricking as Celsus tels us in his 8. B. and 9. Chap. And if any process of those broken bones that stick forth be broken this is discerned by the touch because that it may be moved this way and that way And moreover if the sick person lie upon his Face the pain is so much the greater and far more then if he stand upright For there the Skin is extended and bruised with the sharp broken fragments but if the sick person stand upright the Skin is then loosened and not so much pricked by
be sprinkled with warm Water Itching that the humor the cause of Itching may be discust and the pain abated otherwise if there be no Itching we must forbear warm sprinklings lest the Ligaments be relaxt or rather when the binding is loosened the place must be fomented with some strengthening Decoction As Take of the Leaves of Myrtle Oak Wormwood of each one handfull red Rose flowers half a handful Pomegranate rind one ounce Pomegranate flowers Missleto of the Oak of each half a handful Boyl them in harsh Wine A Luxation with a wound If a Wound be joyned with the Luxation that is very dangerous and oftentimes kils the man whenas from distention of the Nerves and Muscles a Pain Inflammation Convulsion acute Fevers are caused and the danger is by so much the greater by how much the Member is greater and the Nerves and Muscles about it are the greater whence a Luxation of the Shoulder and Thigh with a Wound for the most part brings death and the danger is the greater by how much the Wound is neerer the Joynt and therefore Hippocrates is against the reducing of luxated bones and their bindings up and commands to use at the beginning only things that asswage pain and take away Inflammation and thinks that none of these can safely be reduced besides the Fingers Hands and Feet in these also he commands al things to be done very diligently for neither a Finger in which there is least of danger ought to be replaced when there is an Inflammation but either before the Inflammation comes or after t is allaied But much more is this to be done in other Joynts of al which Hippocrates Artic. 4. Text. 16. and 17. saith For in whomsoever the bones of the Leg luxated with a wound made do wholly hang forth from the joynts of the foot whether they tend inwardly or outwardly they are not to be reduced but let them suffer he that wil to replace them for ye may know that if they remain reduced they shal die and their life shal be of very few daies for there are few of them which pass the seventh day for that which kills them is a Convulsion moreover it happens also that both the Leg and the Foot do gangraene We must know for certain that these things wil so come to pass And there also Text 28 29 31. which places there you may see and also Galens Comment And therefore presently at the beginning and before an Inflammation come in a Fracture with a wound we must try whether the joynt may be restored into its seat with moderate extension for it can by no means endure strong which if it succeed to your mind we must labor chiefly in this to keep off an Inflammation but if the joynt being replaced an Inflammation or Convulsion doth happen the joynt must be thtust out of its place againâ— if it can be done without violence or if we fear this danger 't is safer especially in the greater joynts to defer the reducing til the Inflammation is ceased and the fear of it is past When the Inflammation is now ceased which is wont to be about the seventh or ninth day both must be signified foretold to the standers by and the danger which is at hand by the reducing and the weakness of the part by which the man is rendered lame and maimed if the joynt be not restored and if they urge the restitution of the joynt it must be attempted without any violence afterwards the Cure of the Wound must be ordered as in a fracture with a wound but the member it self must be so placed that the Patient as much as may be may be free from pain See Hippocrates of these things in the place before alleadged Somtimes also it happens that a Fracture is joyned with a Luxation therefore the Chirurgeon must be wary and if the Fracture offer it self neer the Joynt let him consider whether the Joynt be whole or luxated lest while he cure the Fracture he neglect the Luxation Thus I remember a Neighbors Child a Boy about nine yeers of age whenas a Vessel into which they were wont to pour their hot Drink after it was boyled fel upon his Thigh and his Thigh-bone was broke and the Joynt of the same luxated which when the Chirugeon observed not and only Cured the Fracture and restored not the Hip-joynt the Boy became lame But if there be a luxation with a Fracture the Member must be extended the common way and the luxated Joynt must be reduced into its proper place and the broken bones must be conformed and composed and first of all indeed the luxated Joynt must be replaced if it may be done then the Fracture must be Cured and fit Medicines must be laid on them both of which we have spoken already and convenient binding up must be ordered but if the Joynt cannot be restored to its place without danger before the Fracture be cured then the Fracture must be cured first afterward when the callus is generated we must endeavor that the luxated Joynt also be restored Last of al The Cure of an old Luxation if a Luxation by reason of an Inflammation coming upon it or a Wound or Fracture joynd with it cannot presently be restored but there is a callous hardness contracted about the Joynt the place must be fomented either with plain warm water or with a mollefying Decoction made of Marsh-mallows Mallows Camomile flowers Fenugreek seeds and the like but after the Fomentation the Joynt must be anoynted with Oyntment of Dialthaea or some other mollefier or this like Cataplasm must be laid upon it Take of Marsh-mallow roots wild Cowcumber of each three ounces Mallows Marsh-mallow leaves of each a handful Boyl them til they are soft and searce them through a hair Searce add of the Flour of Fenugreek Flax seed of each half an ounce Oyl of sweet Almonds Hogs grease as much as is sufficient make a Cataplasm If the hardness be greater add to the things boyled wild Cowcumber root and lay on it Diachylum magnum When the Member shal be sufficiently mollefied if need be Digesters may be applied as Betony Sage Hysop Groundpine the Plaister of Betony and the like Or Suffumigations wish a fire-stone or Mil-stone or Bituminous and Sulphurous Baths if they may be had Lastly when whatsoever was hard is mollefied and discussed the joynt in convenient manner must be restored to its place and the rest must be performed as was said above Chap. 1. Chap. 3. Of a Luxation of the Mandible ANd let it suffice to have said this briefly of Luxations in general now we must say somwhat in particular of the Luxations of the chief joynts And first of al as concerning the Luxation of the Mandible whenas Nature hath made only the lower jaw movable in al creatures the River Crocodile excepted which as Aristotle witnesseth 1. Hist Animal c. 11. and 3. Hist Animal c. 7. moves its upper
that is in the blood the virtue of the Medicament is carried and conveyed unto the wound For if all that whol blood were resolved into Atomes it would not be sufficient to fil up all that so great a space Neither have they as yet proved that the blood can send forth out of it self any such species And if by the benefit of the blood the virtue of the Medicament may be carried unto the wound why should it not then likewise carry to the wound the virtues of other things into the which out of wounded persons the blood is oftentimes abundantly poured out which yet we see that it doth not But now as for those things that they alleadg in special touching the Secundines and the first menstruous blood of Virgins and as for their asserting that if this blood be not rightly handled there is much hurt and damage brought unto those maydens these things are to be imputed unto the superstition of these young Women And if in woman kind the Secundines being cast forth into some unclean places bring damage unto these women from whom they came why is not the like done in bruit Creatures whose Secundines or after births being cast forth and buried in dung do oftentimes putrefy And in what place soever you dig and bury these secundines they yet notwithstanding rot and putrefy And why also do not the Molae or false conceptions which women use to burn bring any hurt and damage unto the Woman from whom it proceeded And why should the first menstruous blood if it be burnt bring damage unto the virgin and none of the rest These things being as we have said and the case thus standing there is no need of any further tedious dispute touching those virtues that this unguent is said to have in curing the Wound seeing that it is hitherto sufficiently proved that there cometh no virtue at all from this Unguent unto the Wound And if this Unguent had indeed any virtue at all in it either of preserving and cherishing the temperament or the innate heat of the part they commonly cal it the Balsam or of drying up the Excrements it would better and more commodiously exercise and put forth this virtue being anoynted upon the wounded part it self then upon the Weapon And besides all this if as some will have it the virtue and strength of this Medicament consist in the Blood and fat of Man why then do some of them likewise apply it unto the Wounds of other living Creatures to wit of Horses c. For how great is the Difference between a Man and a Horse But that Crollius and some others that I may not here altogether omit the mentioning of this also derive the vertue of this Medicament from the Heaven and therefore command the preparing of it in such a certain position of the Heavens Neither will that at al patronize this Cause For they have not as yet proved that there is in the Heavens or any of the Stars any virtue at all to heal Wounds or that if there were any such virtue in these that it doth so mingle it self with this Unguent that as if it were in a manner bound and shut up it may be carried up and down about with us and drawn forth into use and Act when we please And so likewise as touching the manner of using this Medicament this also hath no Foundation to uphold it neither doth it want for superstition For first of al seeing that they place the whole Cause of the Cure in this that the virtue of the Medicament is derived unto the Wound by the benefit of the natural Balsam that is in the Blood why then do they anoynt only the Weapon with the which the man was wounded or some other Weapon or a piece of Wood bloodied with the Blood of the Wound and why do they not as well anoynt his shirt or the other Garments of the wounded party or a Stone or any thing else what ever it be upon which the Blood hath been spilt or poured out and if not there is then some implicite underhand compact with the Devil to be suspected And moreover why if the wound be made with the pricking of a Sword do they anoynt the Sword in the point therof towards the hilt but if the wound be made by the Cut of a Sword then they anoynt it from the edge towards the back and if it appear how far and deep the Sword penetrated into the wound so far they anoynt it and no farther but if it doth not appear how far it pierced they then anoynt the Sword all over all which are no better then Superstitious Ceremonies and of which no Reason can be rendered For if the power and faculty of the Medicament be Natural what doth this or that manner of using it in the anoynting make to the thing it self and whether or no doth it add any new virtue and quality thereto If the vertues be Natural there is no need of any such Ceremonies as it plainly appeareth in all Natural things whatsoever The Load-stone draweth the Iron and the Iron being touched with the Load-stone is moved unto the North-pole without any of the aforesaid Ceremonies And furthermore some there are that anoynt the Weapon once every day others every Second or Third day and some content themselves with once only anoynting And some there are who that so they may not Erre in the anoynting wholly dip and plunge the Weapon or Sallow Wood that now and then serves in stead thereof into the Unguent kept in along Box or little Chest until the Wound be perfectly healed but they altogether neglect the Weapon it self that dip the Arms or that they make use of in their stead all over in the Unguent But others there are that keep the anoynted Weapon in any temperate place what ever it be and others likewise shut it up in a little Chest But al of them generally are exceeding Cautious in this that the Weapon be never kept in any place that is over hot or over cold and that it be not polluted with filth and impurities for if this should happen the Cure will by this means be hindered and a most grievous pain in the Wound procured unto the sick person All which are meerly frivolous and superstitious For seeing that as it is before sufficiently proved there cannot possibly be any action of the Weapon-Salve upon the wound at a far distance and interval of place from the Wound so likewise we say that it cannot possibly excite any pain And therefore we conclude that if this at any time happen it is then caused and procured by the help and assistance of some evil spirit And most certain it is that the Blood of wounded persons is not alwaies poured forth into clean places but oftentimes into places very noysom and unclean and that in the Winter time it is frozen and that the Bloody Linen Clothes are washed with warm Water and the wood be sprinkled
with the Blood oftentimes burnt and yet nevertheless the sick person doth not hereupon feel any pain or suffer any damage whatsoever And furthermore we say that they attribute unto this Unguent things altogether impossible and those virtues all which are never to be found in any one Natural Medicament For they affirm that by this Unguent may be Cured all wounds whatever whether inflicted by downright cutting or pricking by a fal or any thing cast at the party But great is the diversity of Wounds according to the various Circumstances that attend them and therefore there is not required one only Medicament but divers Medicaments are required unto the Curing of them A Wound inflicted by a sharp and keen Weapon is Cured without the generating of much Pus but in that which is from a blunt Weapon whatsoever is bruised must of necessity al of it convert into Pus And there is also an exceeding great difference of the parts In a fleshy part especially when the man is of a sound and healthy Constitution the Wound is easily Cured but much harder is that Wound to be cured that is inflicted upon the Brain Nerves Tendons and Ligaments especially the greater ones such as are those in the Hams They promise the Patient likewise that the Cure of the Wound shal be altogether without pain which in all parts to perform is a thing altogether impossible For certainly if a Nerve be prickt there is no man that can make good his promise that here in this no pain shall afflict the Party And that we may now conclude whatsoever may be further said in this Controversie the Curing of the Wound that is ascribed unto this Weapon-Salve as hath been said is for the most part to be a attributed unto Nature whose work alone it is to Cure not only light and trivial Wounds but oftentimes also Wounds most grievous and ful of danger Which appeareth even from this that there are so many several desciptions given us of this Unguent and that there have been some who instead of this compound Weapon-Salve have made use of Lard only or Hogs fat and yet notwithstanding the Wound have been Cured which Johannes Colerius testifieth as before we alleadged him that he himself had seen as we may find it in the before cited place of his Oeconomicks But now if upon the administring of this Medicament some most grievous Wound shal be healed which may seem altogether to transcend the power of Nature this cometh to pass by the power of the Devil himself drawn thereunto by some compact either explicite or implicite Neither is the suspition hereof any waies to be lessened or removed by what is said by some to wit that all the simples that make up the Composition of this Medicament Unguent or as it is commonly called Weapon-Salve are all of them altogether Natural and that in the Composition hereof or the anoynting therewith there are neither Characters nor Conjurations nor Charms and Inchantments made use of For the Devil doth oftentimes hide and conceal the Compact that he makes not only under Characters and Consecrations or a certain form of words but likewise even under things Natural if at his command which is done indeed in the first and explicite Compact wherein others that administer and apply the same things implicitely and inconsiderately may likewise involve themselves things that are Natural be made use of for other purposes then what they were Created for by God and oftentimes Diabolical and Magical Actions are concealed and obtruded under the veil of Magnetick Actions And therefore although it be granted that by this Unguent the wounded person is healed which yet nevertheless is as we have said wrought by the benefit of Nature yet it is not impossible but that the Devil that he may destroy the Soul by Gods permission in many things may help the Body after a certain manner yet it is very Credible in regard that he is the implacable enemy of Mankinde and evermore ready and provided to do them all manner of hurt and mischief that he may seduce and draw men as far as lieth in his power from God the Creator and Author of all good and from the Means by him ordained unto things superstitious and unwarrantable practises Chap. 11. Of Altering Medicaments and Vulnerary Potions VVE told you before that there are two sorts of Medicaments that are made use of in the Curing of Wounds external and internal Touching the external we have hitherto spoken we will therefore now in this Chapter handle the internal Now those are of two Sorts some only altering and some in special called vulnerary Altering Medicaments are Coolers Thickners and such as are but lightly lest they might otherwise breed obstructions Astringent which are to this end administred that they may hinder the Humors that they easily wax not hot become fluxile and receive a putridness And such are made of Succory Endive Sorrel Plantane Tormentil Roses Purslane Water Lilly Borrage Saunders Juyce of Citron Juyce of Pome-Granates Harts-Horn Margarites and Coralls out of which there are made Decoctions distilled Waters Syrups Electuaries and Potions Whether Vulnerary potions are to be made use of And moreover there are made use of certain Medicaments potions more espcially that are termed vulnerary Touching which notwithstanding Authors differ amongst themselves For some of them among whom is Balduinus Roussaeus in his Medicinal Epistles Epist 66. do indeed admit of them in those wounded parts unto which these kinde of Potions do reach as the Gullet Stomack and Intestines and then they have in a manner the place of Topick Medicaments but in the external parts they reject them The Nagative for these Causes First Because that in the writings of Hippocrates and the Ancient Physitians they finde no mention made of these vulnerary potions Secondly because that by Reason of the distance of the Scituation they will not beleeve that these potions can possibly penetrate unto the extream Limbs or the Head nor yet unto the greater and thicker Guts unto which therefore when they are wounded Medicaments may more commodiously be injected by Clysters then given to drink yea they conceive that those Astringents that for the most part are mingled therewith may hinder that those Medicaments may not penetrate unto the more deep and inward parts Thirdly Because thac there is a great difference between the Medicaments out of which these potions are prepared since that some of them are hot and opening as Betony Speed-well Mugwort Avens Carduus Benedictus c. as also Cold and Astringent as great Comfrey Winter green Hors-Tail Burnet Tormentil c. So that it doth not sufficiently appear of what faculty the Medicaments ought to be out of which these potions are prepared and what virtues these potions have in them Fourthly whenas yet notwithstanding they are most of them Astringent they think that being administred they bring more hurt then good and benefit unto the Patient in regard that