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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A69834	Galen's art of physick ... translated into English, and largely commented on : together with convenient medicines for all particular distempers of the parts, a description of the complexions, their conditions, and what diet and exercise is fittest for them / by Nich. Culpeper, Gent. ...; Technē iatrikē. English	Galen.; Culpeper, Nicholas, 1616-1654.	1652 (1652)	Wing C7517; Wing G159; ESTC R22670	55,815	130

Apprehension a sound Judgment a stable and firm Memory shews a good Brain dulness of Apprehension apish Judgment and Forgetfulness shew a bad Brain fickleness in Opinion shews a hot Brain stability in Opinion shews a cold Brain And yet here are two sorts of Indications which I think I have passed by though I promised them in the beginning the one of which concerns Natural Operations the other things without we shall speak of them hereafter Culpeper This Chapter although very short yet in my Opinion very pithy I shall but ad a little to honest Galen in it he tells you That a good Judgment a nimble Apprehension and a retentive Memory argue a good Brain they do so yet in few men shall you find all three of them excellent then consider the Apprehension lies in the fore part of the Brain and that 's the reason rubbing the Forehead quickens the Apprehension Judgment lies in the middle and Memory in the hinder part of the Brain then do but consider which of these three is weakest which strongest in you and you may know which part of your Brain is weakest and which strongest Chap. 13. Signs of a good temper of the Brain IF the Brain have obtained a good temper of the four first Qualities Viz. Heat Cold Driness and moisture the Operations thereof are alwaies moderate and seldom exceed the golden mean the excrements which it avoids by the mouth Nose Ears or Eyes are moderate It is not very subject to be hurt by external Heat Coldness Driness or Moisture for if the temper within be good it keeps external distempers from harbouring there The Hair is of a dusky red when Infants of a dusky yellow when Youths and yellow when Men they curl somthing but not much neither are they easily bald and yet the colour of the Hair doth indeed belong not only to the temper of the Brain but also to the Region Men live in and also to the temperature of the Humors without the Skull Culpeper I like a man that is not ashamed to call in his Errors as Galen here doth and not daub over the old ones with a Plaister of new ones as our Colledg did in mending their Dispensatory indeed Galen is in the truth diverse Regions give diverse colours of Hair usually as most Welch men have light or yellow Hair most Spaniards black also the temperature of Brain alters not the Hair at all unless by accident as it heats or cools the adjacent parts but the Humors without the Skull and that 's the reason in great Surfets usually the Hair comes off and every one that knows any thing knows that the Liver is the Principal part afflicted in a Surfet Chap. 14. Signs of a hot Brain SIgns of a hot Brain besides those we named before are the Forehead looks reddish and feels hot the Veins on the white of the Eyes appear plain and red the hair is hard and curling they are soon bald and the hotter the Brain is the sooner are they bald the excrements which come from the Brain by the Mouth Nose Ears and Eyes are but few and those few argue drought their Head is filled especially such as keep no regular diet with unconcocted excrements hot Meats and Drinks hot air and hot smels cause Headach they sleep but little and that little is very unquiet Culpeper Such whose Brain is too hot are almost continually troubled with Headach Dreams of fighting and quarrelling their Apprehension is exceeding quick and their smel good when you find these Symtoms in one that is troubled with Headach cool the Brain Chap. 15. Signs of a cold Brain THe Indications of a Brain which is colder than it ought to be are very many excrements appear in their proper places which we shewed before the hair is black soft smooth and not curling it is a long time after the Child is born before the Hair grow they being evilly nourished at beginning such are easily offended by cold causes and being so offended are troubled with heaviness in the Head and distillations from it their Face is pale neither is their Forehead hot the Veins in their Eyes are not seen in the least they are dull witted and mightily given to sleep Chap. 16. Signs of a dry Brain THe Indications of a dry Brain are very few superfluities accuteness of Wit and sences they watch much their Hair is hard and rugged yet quickly grows it curls yet are they soon bald Chap. 17. Indications of a moist Brain THe Signs of a Brain that is moister than it should be are plain Hair no waies curling plain and soft they never are Bald their Wits are dull and stupid never able to get the Phylosophers Stone their Sences are not good many excrements flow from the Head they have tears at will much and deep sleep These are the Signs of a simple distemper of the Brain Chap. 18. Signs of a hot and dry Brain OF Compound Distempers we shall first give the Indications of a hot and dry Brain in which Distemper but very few superfluities of the Brain are avoided for there are but few to avoid they have excellent quick and nimble Wits they watch much their Sences are good their Hair grows soon in Youth yet are they subject to be bald their Hair curls their Forehead appears red in colour and hot in feeling Culpeper I am of Opinion that simple distempers seldom distemper the Brain not because they are not offensive but because they never go alone and my reason is because they are Compound in every Element as the fire is not only hot but also dry the water not only cold but also moist and that 's the reason I gave you not any comment upon the Simple distempers to proceed A hot and dry distemper of the Brain usually causeth continual Headaches and the more it exceeds the golden Mean in heat and driness the greater is the pain as for the curling of the Hair and baldness which Galen speaks of I find they do not alwaies happen true for Aries which is a hot Sign gives thick Hair and never baldness unless Sol be in it if it do then but for Remedies of such a distemper of the Brain use Fumitory Willow Leaves Lettice Hops Water Lillies white Poppy Seeds Roses Violet Leaves and Flowers Strawberry Leaves the Seeds of Endive Succory Musk-Millions and Pumpions you may use them which way you please they are all harmless Also if the pain be extream and sleep fly from you take two grains of Laudanum Londinense at night going to bed Chap. 19. Signs of a hot and moist Brain IF Moisture be joyned to Heat and both of them surpass the golden Mean there follows a high colour of the Face the Eyes are hot and burning and look red the Veins of the Temples seem great the excrements of the Head are many yet seem well concocted all hot things whether taken inwardly or applied outwardly cause them to have a stretching distention and heaviness in

if they be sick but if it be natural to them it is very hairy they are full of action hasty in all things angry and Tyrannical Culpeper Herbs Medicinal for such as labor under this Infirmity are Borrage Bugloss Sorrel Woodsorrel Lettice Purslane c. these and Syrups or Conserves made of them also let such drop four or five drops of Oyl of Vitriol or Spirit of Salt in their Drinks and shake it up and down before they drink it Chap. 34. Signs of a hot and moist Heart IF moisture together with heat predominate at the Heart the Mans Breast is not so tough nor hairy they are quick enough to anger and Action but not so cruel in their anger as if driness prevail their Pulse is great soft swift and frequent If the Breast be large they draw their Breath very deep if narrow very thick and their experation or letting out their Breath is done with more swiftness than their inspiration or drawing in their Breath such Bodies are mighty subject to Diseases of Putrefaction of Humors Culpeper Things Medicinal for such are Conserves of red Roses Syrup of Violets of Bawm and of Citron Pils as also of the Juyce of Citrons and Lemmons Preserved Citron Pills c. As for Simples Citron Seeds Rue Bawm Angelica Roots and Leaves Woodsorrel the Flowers os Roses Borrage Bugloss and Violets above all sweating and Bleeding may be commended in this infirmity Harts-horn Ivory Scorzonera Roots and Roots of Butter-Bur c. Chap. 35. Signs of a cold and moist Heart INdications of the Heart when coldness with moisture abounds are softness of the Pulse Fearfulness of Mind slowness of Body he hath scarce Spirit enough to be angry much less to fight as for such things as belongs to the Breast and the rest of the Body you may distinguish them as you were taught before Culpeper Much exercise is very convenient for such Bodies I suppose there were but few troubled with this infirmity in the Spartan Common-wealth in Lycurgus his time Thrashing and cleaving Loggs is good Physick for them For Medicines Aromaticum Rosatum and Aromaticum Caryophillatum Confectio Alchermes Mithridate c. For Simples Rue Angelica Roots Nutmeg● Cinnamon Saffron Marigold Flowers Bettony Bawm Alicampane Rosemary Leaves and Flowers Cum multis aliis quae nunc praescribere longum est Chap. 36. Signs of a cold and dry Heart THe Heart being cold and dry renders the Pulse hard and small yet respiration if the smalness of the Breast answer to the coldness of the Heart is moderate if the Breast be very Broad 't is ●are and slow above all men these are least prone to anger but once anger them and they will never care for you more there is not one of a hundred of them that hath any Hair of his Breast Take this common Notion in all this we have written or shall write concerning this Subject That we when we speak of the Conditions of Men speak of them barely as they are Natural and ingrafted in Man not as they are amended by Phylosophy or Education Culpeper Conserves of Roses Borrage Bugloss and Rosemary Flowers is very good for such as also Marigold Flowers Saffron green Walnuts preserved Juniper Berries Bettony Candied Citron Pills c. Chap. 37. Signs of a hot Liver THe Indications of a hot Liver are bigness of the Veins abundance of red Choller viz. Choller addust the Belly and Bowels are rough and the Blood hot also the whol Body is distempered with heat unless the coolness of the Heart hinder Chap. 38. Signs of a cold Liver THe coldness of the Liver is known by narrowness of the Veins abundance of Flegm the whol Constitution of the Body is cold idle and lazy unless the Heart be all the hotter the Bowels and Belly Viz. The Region of them is smooth Chap. 39. Signs of a dry Liver A Dry Liver causeth thick Blood and but a little of it the Veins a●● hard the whol Body is dry and needs must if the Liver that makes the Blood which nourisheth it be so Chap. 40. Signs of a moist Liver A Moist Liver gives abundance of Blood but there is much water amongst it the Veins are soft and so is all the Body unless the Heat of the Heart withstand it Thus much for the qualities of the Liver considered as Simple by themselves and not commixed with one another Chap. 41. Signs of a hot and dry Liver THe Indications af the Liver when it is hotter and drier than it ought to be are The Bowels are rough the Blood thick and dry soundly pestered with Choller it is yellow Choller in youth but black or addust Choller in age the party is subject to dry Scabs the Veins are large and hard and although the Heat of the Heart may withstand the coldness of the Liver yet cannot the moisture of the Heart withstand the driness of the Liver for the driness of the Heart is sooner overcome by the moisture of the Liver than the driness of the Liver by the moisture of the Heart Culpeper Herbs Medicinable are Liverwort Strawberry and Violet Leaves R●isons of the Sun Endive Succory Fumitory Water-Lillies Lettic● Purslain Nightshade these or any of these or others like them in operation are excellent to boyl in clarified Whey in the Summer time Also the Compounds of them Syrups or Conserves made of them as also Dandelyon Scabious Devils bit Scurvy-grass Groundsel Peach Leaves Dyers Weed Furs Flowers c. Chap. 42. Signs of a Hot and Moist Liver IF the Liver be hot and moist the Bowels are not so rough as when it is hot and dry they abound exceedingly with Blood their Veins are large the habit of their Body hot and moist unless the heat of the Heart spoil all If these two Qualities surpass the Bounds of Nature and Mediocrity presently comes a Disease of Putrefaction of corrupt Humors if moisture abound more than heat of adustion of Blood if heat abound more than moisture Culpeper This Temper of the Liver keeping a due decorum makes a pure Sanguine Complexion as the former did a Chollerick for all Complexions or at least such as people call Complexion comes from the Liver If the qualities of the Liver abound Bleeding and Sweating is your Cure afterward if your Liver be too hot you may cool it as you were taught before if too cold you may heat it as you shall be taught hereafter Chap. 43. Signs of a Cold and Moist Liver THe Indications of a Liver colder and moister than it ought to be gives smooth and slick Bowels the Veins are narrow the colour pale and the Blood is filled with Flegm the whol Body if the heat of the Heart hinder not is full of Flegm lazy idle dull fat and plump Culpeper Here you have the Description of a Flegmatick Complexion wherein if you perceive Flegm exceed the due limits of reason you may thus correct the cold and moist temper of the Liver that so it may breed better

shall find almost as thick as they are long their Veins and Arteries are small their Bodies without Hair and they have but ●●ttle Beards their hair is usually flaxen or light brown their face white and pale their Skin smooth cold and moist in touching both Appetite and Digestion is very weak in them their Pulse little and low their Urine pale and thick but the excrements of their bowels usually thin they dream of great rains water and drowning Conditions As for Conditions they are very dull heavy and slothful like the Scholler that was a great while a learning a Lesson but when Once he had it he had quickly forgotten it They are drowsie sleepy cowardly forgetful Creatures as swift in motion as a Snail they travail and that 's but seldom as though they intended to go 15. miles in 14. daies yet are they shame fac'd and sober Diet and Exercise fitting People of this Complexion of all other ought to use a very slender Diet for fasting clenseth the Body of those gross and unconcocted Humors which Flegmatick People are usually as full of as an Egg is of Meat What they do eat let it be of light digestion a Cup of strong Beer and now and then a cup of Wine is no waies unwholsom for them of this Complexion that are minded to keep their Bodies in health Much Meat and Drink fills their Bodies full of Indigestion Wind and Stitches Quotidian Agues and Dropsies Falling sickness and Gouts Rhewms and Catharres Much Exercise is very healthful for them unless they love their laziness better than their health for by that means gross Humors are made thin and expelled by sweat the Memory is quickned and the Skin clarified Thus much for Complexions taken Simply by themselves without commixture one with another as for Medicinal Remedies for their superabounding I omitted it considering it may be found by what hath gone before unless by such dolts that forget one line as fast as they reade another I come now to their Commixture which as far as I can find within the compass of my Pia Mater are these that follow 1. Chollerick-Melancholly 2. Melancholly-Chollerick 3. Melancholly-Sanguine 4. Sanguine-Melancholly 5. Sanguine-Flegmatick 6. Flegmatick-Sanguine 7. Flegmatick-Chollerick 8. Chollerick-Flegmatick Let none object to me that there may be more commixtures than these as Chollerick-Sanguine Flegmatick-Melancholly and the like for I can scarce believe it and if you do but heed how and in what order the Signs of the Zodiack arise you may happily be of my Opinion and therfore of these and these only in order Of a Chollerick-Melancholly Complexion IT is a thing very difficult if not impossible to find a man in whom two Complexions are equally predominant but one will more or less excel therefore where Choller exceeds in chief and next that Melancholly that man I call Chollerick-Melancholly Description They are higher of Stature than such as are Simply Chollerick by reason their radical moisture is more prevalent yet have they little lean Bodies rough and hard Skin meanly hairy and but meanly neither pretty temperate in feeling in respect of Heat swarthy colour their Hair of their Head is of a Chestnut colour or light brown their digestion is meanly strong their Pulse meanly strong yet somthing slow their Urine of a pale yellow and thin their Excrements yellow and hard they dream of falling from high places Robberies Murders Hurts proceeding from fire fighting or anger Conditions Such people by natural inclination are very quick Witted excellent Students yet will they begin many businesses ere they finish one they are bold furious quarrelsom somthing fraudulent prodigal and eloquent they are not so unconstant and scornful as Chollerick men are but more suspitious and fretful more solitary and studious after Curiosities and retain their anger longer than Chollerick men do Diet and Exercise fitting Let them observe great moderation in Meat and Drink for Meats hard of digestion engenders tough Flegm in such Bodies and will bring their Bodies to an Asthma ere they are aware of it Above all let such people avoid excess in drinking for much small drink breeds Fligm in them and much strong spoils the Brain causeth Scabs and Itch and breaking out of heat about the Body Moderate Exercise is not only convenient but also very profitable for such persons Melancholly-Chollerick Complexion Description SUch are usually tall of stature yet are their Bodies somwhat slender and dry their Skin rough hard and cold in feeling they have but very little Hair on their Bodies and are long without Beards they have also much superfluities at the Nose the Face of a dark pale colour their Hair usually of a blackish brown colour their digestion weak and somthing less than their Appetite their Pulse slow their Urine subcitrine and thin their egestion sallow colour'd and somthing thin dreamings are of falling down from high places vain idle and fearful things Conditions As for Conditions they are very gentle and sober willing to do good admirable students delighting to be alone very shamefac'd and bashful somwhat fretful con●tant to their Friends and true in all their actions Diet and Exercise fitting Excess of eating drinking and sleeping are as great Enemies to the Nature of such a man as R●ts-bane for they fill the Bodie full of tough and congealed Humors from whence proceed Morphew and other Infirmities of the Skin and other Infirmities that are more than Skin deep as stoppings of the Liver corruptions of the Lungues Asthma Phtisick Wind Belly-ach Chollick If such will be ruled by me if they will not I cannot help it let them eat and drink moderately let their care be to suffice Nature and not to stuff their Guts with Meat nor make a Hog-wash-tub of their Bellies with drink I will not deny them but advise them now and then to drink a cup of strong Beer or Wine especially after meat for excess of small Beer cools the Liver hinders their digestion and bids them beware of a Dropsie it spoils both Apprehension and Memory and fills the Head full of superfluites but The immoderate use of strong Beer fills that Brain full of Fancies which should be imployed about better matters Moderate Exercise is very good for them and helps much to destribute vital heat which in this Complexion seems to be but weak above all things let them have a care of catching wet at their feet Melancholly-Sanguine Complexion Description THey are tall of stature and have big fleshy ●●●m strong bodies the colour of their Face of a darkish red their Skin neither hard nor rough and as little cold but temperate in respect of softness and warmness their Bodies are not usually very hairy yet have they soon Beards their digestion is good and laudable their Urine of a light Saffron colour mean in substance neither too thick nor too thin the egestion or Excrements of the Belly reddish and soft their dreams are pleasant and many times happen truly to come to pass