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A53048 Natures picture drawn by fancies pencil to the life being several feigned stories, comical, tragical, tragi-comical, poetical, romanicical, philosophical, historical, and moral : some in verse, some in prose, some mixt, and some by dialogues / written by ... the Duchess of Newcastle. Newcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of, 1624?-1674. 1671 (1671) Wing N856; ESTC R11999 321,583 731

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Chance She answered That doubtless there were fixt Decrees as Light Darkness Growth Decay as Youth Age Pain Pleasure Life Death and so in every thing else for ought my Reason can perceive For said she as Nature creates by Dissolution and dissolves by Creation so the Diattical Life says she decrees Rules and ruleth by Decrees Then they asked her What was Chance and Fortune Chances said she are visible Effects from hidden Causes and Fortune a conjunction of many sufficient Causes to produce such an Effect since that Effect could not be produced did there want any one of those Causes by reason all of them together were but sufficient to produce but that one Effect many times produces many Effects upon several Subjects and that one Effect like the Sun streams out into several rays darting upon several Subjects and again as the Sun scorches and burns some things and warms and comforts others so this Effect advances some and casts down others cures some and kills others and when the Causes vary and the Effects alter it is called Change of Fortune Then they asked her Whether she thought Faith could naturally produce any Effect She answered That in her opinion it might for said she why may not Faith which is an undoubted Belief joined to such a subject produce or beget an Effect as well as a Seed sown or set in the Earth produceth a Flower a Tree or the like or as one Creature begets another especially if the Faith and Subject whereon it is placed have a sympathy but by reason said she Faith is not so customary a way of producing as other ways are it causeth many Doubts which Doubts are like cold Northern Winds or sharp biting Frosts which nip and kill the Buds of Faith which seldom or never lets the Effects come to perfection Then they asked VVhat the Sun was She answered A Body of Fire Then they askedher VVhat Light was She answered Light was enflamed Air. They said That if Light was enflamed Air it would burn all things and so consume the World She answered That in thin Bodies Fire had but little power to burn for the thinness of the Matter weakens the power of the Strength which causeth Flame said she to be of no great Heat for the hot Flames do rather sindg than burn and the thinner the substance is that is set on fire the purer the Flame is and the purer the Flame is the less Heat it gives as the Flame of Aqua-vitae that may be eaten with Sops Then they asked her What Air was She answered That Air was the Smoak produced from Heat and Moisture For Air said she is a thin Oyl which is set on fire by the fiery Sun or is like a fiery Substance and fiery Motions whose Flame is light Then they asked her what Darkness was She answered Darkness was the absence of Light And then they asked why it was dark immediately when the passage of Light was stopped and that if it were inflamed Air it would burn and give Light as long as that inflamed Air lasted She answered that when the fiery Rays that issued from the Sun were cut off the flame went out for said she it is not the Air that feeds the Flame but the fire that is in the Flame and when that Fire is spent or taken away the Flame dyes this is the reason said she that as soon as the Rays of the Fire is cut off or shut out or taken away it is dark and when they are eclipsed the Light is dull and dim but as I said before Light is only Air set on flame by the fiery Sun and the Blewest Sky is the thinnest Flame being the purest Air and just as if we should carry a Candle away we carry the light also which is the Flame so doth the Sun and as we bring a Candle or the like into a Room we bring in the light so doth the Sun Where the Fire is there is the greatest light and when a Screen is set before it the light is eclipsed and when kindled Fire as a Candle or the like is carried quite from the place it leaves as great a darkness as if it were put out just so doth the Sun which is the World's Candle when it goeth down draweth away the light which is the Flame and as it riseth it bringeth in the Fire which causeth the Flame and when it is high-Noon then is the brightest light as casting no shadows if nought Eclipses it and when Clouds get before it it is Eclipsed as with a Screen and when it is quite removed to another part of the World it doth as if it went into another Room or Chamber leaving no light behind it for twi-light is caused from the Rays of the Sun for though the Body of the Sun is gone from off such a part of the Earth yet the Rays which are the spreading-part of Fire are not quite drawn away as soon as the Sun for as those Rays usher the Sun-rising so they follow the Sun-setting and though these Rays of Fire which are the Beams of the Sun enflame the Air yet not so bright as the Body of the Sun doth and where the Sun is gone so far as the Beams cannot reach that part of it becomes dark It is not the gross Clouds as some think make twi-light for we see a cloudy day makes the twi-light seem shorter though it be not and it is by reason they eclipse the enflamed Air for Clouds are rather Vapour than Air and though Vapour and Air have some relation the like hath Vapour and Water and Vapour when it is gathered into the Clouds doth rather eclipse than prolong light They said That if the Light was Flame the Vapoury Clouds might quench it out She answered That although Vapour could eclipse the Light it could not put out the light of the Sun 't is true said she it may and doth often allay the fiery heat in the Rays for some days will be cooler than other days although the Sun be higher and some will be cooler than others although in the same degree of the Sun by reason of low Marish Grounds or near great Rivers from whence Vapours arise But though the Vapour may abate the heat in the Rays as the enflamed Air and eclipse the light either of Mists or Fogs or when they are gathered into Clouds yet they can neither put out the light nor quench out the heat of the Sun which is the Fountain of both no more than a drop of Water can quench a House on fire The Sun is a World of bright shining Fire from which other Worlds receive both light and heat 'T is true if there could be such a quantity of Water as could equal the Sun's power it might quench the Sun unless the Sun be an eternal Fire But as for Vapour were there a greater quantity than what arises from the Earth it could not change the natural property of the Sun besides Vapour is of a
middle nature as betwixt Water and Air for by the rarifaction it is not so gross nor so wet as Water nor rarified so much as to be as thin and dry as Air. Then they asked her What she thought of those that were of the opinion That under the Line it was uninhabitable through an extream heat She said She thought they were like those that were blind of one eye which saw perfectly on the one side but not on the other for their Reason discovered there was a great Heat but it did not discover the refreshing-Winds and moistning-Dews which are constantly in that place which Winds and Dews quench the fiery heat which makes it temperate for Heat and Cold make an equal temper when they are equal in degrees and because there is twelve hours night and twelve day there is as much Cold as Heat for the Dews and the Winds join'd with the Night makes it temperate but if it were not for the equal hours and those Dews and Winds it would be as they thought it was insufferably hot but they wanted information concerning the Dews and the Wind and did not throughly consider when they miss'd the Night Then they asked her the reason of the light of Clow-worms Tails She answered That it was probable the purest thinnest and oilest extracted parts of the Body were in the Tail which the radical Fire enflamed which Flame was Light and said she the Worm having no solid Bones tough Sinews firm Flesh gross Blood or thick Skin in that part to obstruct or eclipse the light it visibly shines in the Night when the Sun is gone whose greatest light drowns all other lesser lights and the reason it shines some times and not others may be some outward cause that eclipses it from our sight as a little Cloud will do the Sun whereas a much smaller Vapour or the like cause will serve to obscure the light of the Glow-worms Tail and certainly said she if we could see through the Bodies of Animals and likewise throught their Skull as easily as the Glow-worms Tail we should see said she a much brighter flame in the Heart and the Brain which flame is the light of Knowledg and the several Objects that the Senses bring in are there visibly perceived these Lights Sickness eclipses and Death puts out Then they asked her What the Moon was She answered A Body of Water and the several Changes said she is the ebbing and flowing thereof which makes it fuller sometimes in one part of the Circle than in the other and when it is High-tide we say it is Full Moon and when it is Low-tide it is in the Wane and as it encreases or decreases we say it is in the First Second or Third Quarter Then they asked her What made it give light She said The Sun's Reflexion thereon for you may observe said she that as the Water shines with the Reflexions or Beams of the Sun so doth the Moon as we say with a Watrish light and said she it is more or less light as that side next to the Sun is swelled fuller or ebbed lower Then they asked her of the rest of the Planets She said She believed that Venus Starr was a Body of Water as the Moon was but for the other Planets said she I take them to be Earthly Bodies but not such as our Globe is but much finer and of as great a difference said she as between Porceline and Clay which makes them shine so bright the substance being so pure that it is as it were transparent Then they asked What the fix'd Starrs were She answered Suns Then they asked her What was the reason that the Breath was hot and cold all at one time as it were for when a Man breathed upon his hand it would feel hot and when he blows upon it it would feel cold She said There was a reason for that for said she a Dilatation causeth heat and a Contraction causeth cold and said she if one breathes on the hand they open the Mouth and Lips wide by which the Breath dilatates like a steam or a vapour which is hot and when one blows upon the hand then the Mouth and Lips are drawn into a narrow compass and that contracts the Breath into a cold wind These several Motions make one and the same thing from one and same manner or passages to work two several effects and surely those Winds that are coldest from whence soever they issue out their passage is narrow and those Winds that feel warm as many times Winds will do their passage is wider and are rather a breathing Vapour than a perfect Wind. There is nothing shews that VVind is made cold by Contraction so much as to blow upon the hand which shews that VVind is contracted Air. Then they asked her VVhat was the reason wind could blow out flame and in a flame it could kindle and put out fire She said That wind did strive to dissipate all things it did encounter and where it hath not so much power to dissipate it only dilatates and when fire is set to any combustible Matter as wood or the like the wind having not a forcible power to dissipate it into dust or ashes it beats the heat of the fire into it and fire having a nature to catch hold and to dilatate and so to feed it self upon all things or at least upon most when the Matter is too hard for the siery-points to enter or at least to enter suddenly the wind like a Hammer strikes them in and so lends the fire force and helping the fire to extend by its dissipating-power dilatates the Heat into the smoak or vapour of the Matter and so into a flame but when it puts out fire or flame it is when it hath so much force as to dissipate the Matter the fire works on and if the wind destroys or disperses the Matter it must needs put out the fire having nothing to work on for fire dyes when it hath no Fuel to work or feed on This is the reason a Man with his Breath can blow out the flame of a Candle and with his Breath blow the flame in again if the snuff of the Candle be full and throughly fired or else he cannot but if it be full and throughly fired he may blow so hard as to dissipate the flame yet not so hard as to dissipate the fiery snuff or wieck of the Candle so that the flame by the dissipating goeth out being dilatated to a dissipation and when the flame is out and the fire remaining with a gentle wind he may dilatate the fire into a flame again and so many times as long as the body of fire remains but if they should blow so hard or strongly as to dissipate the body of fire they put out both fire and flame Then they asked her VVhat Snow Hail Ice and Frost was She answered That Snow was curded VVater like curded Milk for saith she cold doth curdle
Histories I did desire To see my Native Countrey Native Friends That lov'd me well and had no other ends Than harmless mirth to pass away dull time With telling Tales either in Prose or Rime But though Desire did then like a Wind blow The Sails of Wishes on Love's Ship to go Yet Banishment to my dear Lord was then A dangerous Rock made of hard-hearted men And hearing of such dangers in my way I was content in Antwerp for to stay And in the Circle of my Brain to raise The Figures of my Friends crowned with Praise These Figures plac'd in company together All setting by a Fire in cold weather The Fire was of Fancy which I made Within the Glandule of a Chimney laid My Lord and I amongst our Friedns was set In the midst of them that were thither met But afterwards perceiving I could make As many Figures as my Thoughts could take Then I invited all the Learned men And best of Poets that the Age had then The poorest Guess though they no birth inherit To entertain according to their merit Thus was my Mind as busie as a Bee To entertain this Noble Company Then my Imaginations a large Room built Furnish'd most curiously and richly gilt I hired all the Arts for to provide Choice of Provisions and Pastime beside The Wit I had unto the Muses sent With Love's Request which humbly did present My Mind's Desire which was without delay To come and help to pass the time away Wit travell'd far and search'd them all about At last in Nature's Court Wit found them out Then first to Nature Wit did bow down low To Wit Dame Nature did her Favours show And with a pleasing-smile she bid him say Whether be came to fetch her Maids away Wit answered Yes Then Nature bid them take The Helicon Water and with it make The Company all Poets Which they did Although they were but Pictures in my Head Their real persons at great distance were But on my Thoughts that did their Figures bear The marvellous Waters could not work well Which is the cause no better Tales I tell But hope those Friends my Fancy do present VVill take it well and for a good intent For I did trouble much my poor weak Brain This worthy Company to entertain MARGARET NEWCASTLE SEVERAL Feigned Stories IN VERSE The First BOOK READERS my Works do not seem in my Mind So bad as you make them if Faults you find For if you find much Fault you would not spare Your ridgid Censures but their Faults declare For I perceive the World is evil bent Judging the worst of that which was well meant When they a word to Wantonness can wrest They 'l be well-pleas'd and often at it jest When every foolish Tongue with words can play And turn good sense with words an evil way But at my Writings let them do their worst And for their pains with Ignorance be curst IN VVinter cold a Company was met Both Men and VVomen by the Fire were set At last they did agree to pass the time That every one should tell a Tale in Ryme The VVomen said VVe no true Measures know Nor do our Rhymes in even Numbers go Why said the Men All Women's Tongues are free To speak both out of time and follishly And drawing Lots the Chance fell on a Man Who having spit and blown his Nose began Of the Mournful Widow I Travelling it was my chance to spy A little House which to a Tomb stood nigh My Curiosity made me inquire VVho dwelt therein to further my desire I knocked at the door at last came one Which told me 'T was a Lady liv'd alone I pray'd that I the Lady might but see She told me she did shun all Company By her discourse the Lady had been Wife But being a Widow liv'd a lonesome life I told her I did travel all about Only to find a Constant Woman out She answer'd If the world had any where A Constant Woman surely she dwelt there I waited there in hope my Fortune might At length direct me to this Lady's sight And lying underneath a Tomb at night At Curfue-time this Lady with a Light Came forth out of the House all cloth'd in white And to the Tomb her walk she bended right With a Majestick-grace she walk'd along She seem'd to be both beautiful and young And when she came she kneeled down to pray And thus unto her self did softly say Give leave you Gods this Loss for to lament Give my Soul leave to seek which way his went O let my Spirits with his run a Race Not to out-go but to get next in place Amongst the Sons of Men raise up his Fame Let not foul Envy Canker-fret the same And whilst Great Gods I in the world do live Grant I may Honour to my Husband give O grant that all fond Love away may flye But let my Heart amongst his Ashes lye Here do I sacrifice each vainer dress And idle words which my Youth did express Here Dear I cancel all Self-love and make A Bond thy loving Memory to take And in my Soul always adore the same My Thoughts shall build up Altars to thy Name Thy Image in my heart shall fixed be My Tears from thence shall Copies take of thee And on my Cheeks those Tears as Pictures plac't Or like thy Carved Statue ne're shall waste Thy Praise my words though air shall print so deep By Repetition shall for ever keep With that Tears from her Eyes in show'rs did flow Then I rose up to her my self did show She seemed not to be mov'd at my sight Because her Grief was far above her Fright Said I Weep weep no more thou Beauteous Saint Nor over these dull ashes make complaint They feel not thy warm Tears which liquid flow Nor thy deep Sighs which from thy Heart do go They hear thee not nor thank thee for thy love Nor yet his Soul that 's with the God's above Take comfort Saint since Life will not return And bury not thy Joys within this Urn. She Answered I have no Joys in him they did reside They fled away when as his Body dy'd Not that my Love unto his Shape was ty'd But to his Virtues which did in him ' bide He had a Generosity beyond all Merit A Noble Fortitude possest his Spirit Foreseeing-Prudence which his Life did guide And Temperate Thoughts did in his Soul abide His Speech was sweet and gentle to the Eat Delight sate close as listning for to hear His Counsel wise and all his Actions good His Truth and Honesty as Judges stood For to direct and give his Actions Law His Piety to Gods was full of awe Wherefore return your Counsels are in vain For I must grieve whilst I'n the world remain For I have sacrific'd all my Delight Upon my Noble Husband 's Grave and slight All Vanities which Women young do prize Though they entangle them as Webs do Flies Lady said I you being Young and
had given it such a pull that if the Fates had not had great care in slacking it it had broke from the Spindle So I told Charon He must carry me back again where with much entreaty he set my Soul where he had taken it up and from thence it returned into my Body to be alive again The SPECULATORS A MAN having occasion to travel being in the heat of Summer for more ease took his journey when Night was running from Day for fear the glorious Sun should overtake her And looking earnestly to observe how her darker Clouds retired or were illuminated at last in the dawning before the Sun appeared in glory he thought he saw something appear in the Air more than usual which Fancy of his caused him to a-light from his Horse and fastning his Bridle to a Bush himself went and lay upon his back on the ground that he might fix his Eyes on the strange Sight the more stedfastly But his desires were cross'd with the dulness and dimness of his Eyes which by over-earnestness could view nothing at all But a grave old man coming there asked him Why he lay in that posture He answered It was to look up to see more perfectly that which in the Air he had but a glimpse of but said he striving to see more I saw less for I have not only lost the Vision but almost my Sight That may well be said the old man for the Body is like the Mind whereinto if you take more Learning than the Understanding can discuss it overwhelms it and knocks Reason on the head as if you take more Meat into the Stomack than it can digest it surfeits if the Ear receives too swift or harsh a Sound it makes it deaf smuthering the distinct Notes Likewise if you draw more Species than can pass through the Eye in order to the Optick Nerve it 's like a Croud of People at a narrow Pass every one striving to get in first wedging themselves so close sticking so fast one binding in the other that they can neither pass backward nor forward but stop up the place Just so come the Eyes to be dimmed or obstructed Besides said the old man Nature is not only curious in her workings but secret in her Works for none of her Works know themselves perfectly not Man who seems to have the best Understanding because Nature governs her Creatures by Ignorance and if any had perfect knowledge they would be as great as She. The other Man says Doth she know her self The Answer was That it is a Question not to be resolved but surely if her Creatures knew her she would be slighted for what they know they despise but Ignorance begets Fear Fear Superstition Superstition Admiration and Admiration Adoration By that we perceive that Nature takes delight that her Creatures should search her ways and observe her several motions and those are esteemed her perfectest and best Works that do so And because your Desires flye high I will give you such Glasses as shall satisfie your Mind concerning the Celestial Globe Here be three Glasses the first shews you the Lower Region the next the Second Region and the third Glass shews you the Upper Region that is as high as can be observed So taking leave of the Gentleman he left him to his observation Soon after the Gentleman takes the first Glass and laying his Eye to it he saw a Vapour arise from the Earth straight upward in small Lines or Streams streaming through every Pore of the Earth which Pores were like a Sieve full of small holes This was a fine sight to see how small straight and thick those Streams were for it seemed as an ascending-Rain and those Streams at a certain height gathered together and became spongy Clouds which clouds were of the fashion of Honey-combs where in every hole lye drops of Water which are squeezed by the agitation of the Air or by the heat of the Sun made to bubble out or those holes being over-full they fall down with their own weight or as one may say they overflow Then turning his Glass to the two Poles first to the North then to the South he saw they were like two Crystal Squirts which some call Syringes those suck and draw in a certain quantity of Water from those Honey-comb-Clouds and when they are full they spout that Water with such a force back that it goeth a great length and the smalness of the passage wire-draws it as it were and by the agitation it becomes so powerful that it drives all before it if they be not very firmly fix'd it enters all Porous Bodies and those that are sensible it puts to pain as if they were sharp for the smalness thinness and quickness makes it cut and divide and the force makes it break and cast down all that doth oppose it These are called the South and North Winds Then directing his Perspective to the midst between the East and the West which is called the Torrid Zone he perceived it was like a Cymbal of Fire which had three holes the one in the midst by which it drinks in Water the other two holes of each side which are called the East and West for the Water that is drawn in being in this hollow Ball the Heat rarifies it so thin that it breathes forth at the lesser Holes for as the Water is rarified into Air by the Heat so the Air is rarified into Wind and those two small holes let out the thinner part and keep the grosser in until it be more rarified into Wind. Those Winds that are made thus are much gentler and softer than those that proceed from the Squirts because this is only a voluntary Motion which breathes out and spreads gently the other is forced and goeth out with Violence Now the hole that is in the midst of this Cymbal which serves as the Mouth drinking perpetually being very dry by reason of the heat within cannot digest it all at once but by degrees Now if that part of the Water be rarified soonest which is of that side we call the East that blows out first if it be rarified of that side first that we call the West that blows soonest but if it blows from several places or parts then that predominates that is most powerful After he had perceived how the VVinds were made he laid by that Glass and took up the second and looked into the Middle-Region then he saw curling folding and rowling VVaves of Air every Wave as thin as the thinnest Cypress and through those Waves he saw many Cities which had great Champanes of Air full of Flowers Fruits and sweet Herbs which Champanes of Air the Winds plough or dig and the Sun plants sows and sets Incorporeal Vegetables with his Instrumental Beams for they draw the Vapours or Scents of all Herbs Flowers Fruits and the like from the Earth and plants them there So there grows nothing but the sweet and delicious Scents and not the
he thought they might despise him as seeming unconstant yet stay he could not wherefore calling them together he spake in this manner My Friends said he We have here a pleasant Island altogether unhabited but what is possest by our selves and certainly we might become a famous People had we Women to get Posterity and make a Commonwealth but as we are all men we can only build us Houses to live and dye in but not have Children to survive us Wherefore my Counsel is That some of us that are most employed may take the new Ship and go a Pyracing for Women making some adventure on the next Kingdom which may be done by a sudden surprisal which Prizes if we get any will bring us more comfort pleasure and profit than any other Goods for what contentment can Riches bring us if we have not Posterity to leave it to They all applauded so well of his Advice that they were impatient of stay striving who should go along with him and so pleased they were with the imagination of the Female Sex that those whose Lot was to stay who seldom or never pray'd before prayed for the others good success But the Prince's intention was only to find that Female he lost caring not to seek for those he never saw But setting out with great expedition and hopes of a good return sailed with a fair Wind three or four days at last saw Land part of the Kingdom of Amity No sooner landed but they were beset with Multitudes of Countrey-people who flocked together being affrighted with the arrival of strangers and being more in numbers than they were over-power'd them and took them Prisoners They were examined for what they came They answered For fresh Water But they believed them not for said they it is not likely you would come in a Troop so armed for fresh Water So they bound them and sent them to the King to examine them farther And being carried to the chief City where the King was who was advertised of all sent for them into his Presence to view them And being brought unto them the Prince who was of a comely and graceful Presence and a handsome man bowing his Head down low in a submissive stile thus spake Great King We poor Watry-Pilgrims travelling through the vast Ocean to search the Curiosities of Nature that we may offer our Prayers of Admiration on her Altar of New Discoveries have met with cruel Fortune who always strives to persecute and hath forced us to your Coast for the relief of fresh Water for we came not here to rob nor to surprise but to relieve our feeble Strength that was almost lost with thirst not that we were afraid to dye but loath to live in Pain nor would we willingly yeeld up our Lives unless great Honour lay at stake but if the Fates decree our death what way soever it comes with patience we will submit But if great King your Generosity dares trust our Faiths so far as to employ us in your Service we may prove such by our Courage that our Acts may beg a Pardon for those necessitated Faults we have committed and if we dye in Warrs we dye like Gallant Men but to dye shackled Prisoners we dye like Slaves which all Noble Natures abhor The King when he had heard him speak thus answered the Prince as their accustomed manner was in Verse Your Faith I 'le trust and Courages will try Then let us see how bravely you dare dye The Prince Poetically answered again as he perceived it an usual Custom to speak Our Lives said he wee 'l quit before we yeeld Wee 'l win your Battels or dye in the field For the King at that time was newly entred into a Warr with the Queen of Amity the chief cause was for denying him Marriage he being a Batchelor and she a Maid and their Kingdoms joining both together but he nearer to her by his Affection being much in Love with her But she was averse and deaf to his Suit and besides her People was loath for fear of being made a subordinate Kingdom Wherefore he sought to get her by force And the King liking the Prince's Demeanour demanded who he was and from whence he came The Prince told him truly who he was from whence he came how he was taken by the Pyrates and how long he had lived with them concealing the cause of his journey But by his Discourse and Behaviour he insinuated himself so far into the King's Favour and got such Affections in his Court that he became very powerful insomuch as he was chosen the Chief Commander to lead out the Army believing him as he was nobly born and observing him to be honourably bred and they being a People given to ease and delighting in Effeminate Pleasures shunned the Warrs sending out only the most Vulgar People who were rather Slaves than Subjects All meeting together produced the chusing of the Prince who ordered and directed their setting out so well and prudently as gave them great hopes of a good Success In the mean while the Queen was not ignorant of their Intentions nor slack in her Preparations sending forth an Army to meet them But the Queen her self had a Warr in her Mind as great as that in the Field where Love as the General lead her Thoughts but fear and doubt of Times made great disorder and especially at that time for Travelia on whom she doted was then sick in which Sickness she took more care to recover him than to guard her self and Kingdom But the Army she sent out was led by one of her Chief Noble Men who marched on until he had a view of the other Army and being both met they set their Armies in Battel-array When they were ready to fight the Prince thus spake in the most general Language Noble Friends YOU being all Strangers to me makes me ignorant both of your Natures and Customs and I being a Stranger to you may cause a mistrust both of my Fidelity and Conduct As for my Experience I am not altogether ignorant of the Discipline of Warr having been a Commander in my own Countrey Neither need you doubt of my Zeal and Loyalty to your King's Service by reason I owe my Life to him for it was in his power to have taken it away Neither can I have more Honour bestowed on me from any Nation than from this were I never so ambitious or basely covetous to bribe out my Fidelity Wherefore if I lose as I am perswaded I shall win the Day yet it will not be out of my Neglect Falshood or want of Skill but either it must be through Fortune's Displeasure or by your Distracted Fears which I cannot believe will possess any Spirit here being so full of Alacrity Chearfulness and Readiness to meet the Enemy and may the Thoughts of Honour maintain that Heat and Fire not only until it hath consumed this Army you see but all that shall ever oppose you After he