the nose then it is to be feared that he hath some spice of the mourning of the Chyne for both diseases doe procede of one cause and therefore I thinke good to speake of it here presentlye Of the mourning of the Chyne The .lxvi. Chapter THys word mourning of the Chyne is a corrupt name borrowed of the Frenche tongue wherein it is called Mort deschyen that is to say the death of the backe Bycause many doe holde opinion that thys disease doth consume the marye of of the backe for remedy wherof they vse straunge kinds of cures For some taking it to be a Rheume go aboute to stoppe it by laying Astrictyue or byndyng charges vnto the nape of the necke Some agayne do twyne out the pyth of the backe with a long wyar thrust vp into the horses heade and so into his necke backe with what reason I knowe not Well I knowe that few horses do recouer that haue this disease Some agayne thinke that the Lungs of the horse be rotten and that the horse doth caste them out at his nose But Martin sayth that he hath cut vp dyuers horses which hath bene iudged to haue died of the mourning of the Chyne but he coulde neuer finde eyther backe or Lungs to be peryshed but onely the Lyuer and most commonly that syde of the Lyuer whiche aunswereth the nosetrill whereat he casteth whereof we wyll talke in his proper place when we come to speake of the diseases in the Lyuer The Italians doe call this disease Ciamorro the olde Authours do cal it the moyst Maladye whereof Theomnestus maketh two differences For in the one the matter whiche he doth cast at the nose is whyte and doth not smell at all and in the other that whiche he casteth is a filthy and stinking corruption They procede both of colde humors congealed in the heade but more abounding in the one than in the other by reason perhappes that the horse was not cured in tyme for of colde first commeth the Pose and the Cough then the Glaunders and laste of all the mourning of the Chyne When the horse casteth matter at the nose that is not stinking he maye be easely cured by such remedyes as haue bene before declared in the Chapter of the Pose But if the matter be very filthye and stinking then it is verye harde to cure Notwithstanding it shall not grieue me to wryte vnto you here the experience of Theomnestus and of Laurentius Russius Theomnestus cure is thus Take of water and hony called of the Phisitians Hedromel a quart and put therevnto thre ounces of oyle and poure that into his nosetril euery morning the space of thre dayes and if that doe not profite him then let him drinke euerye day or once in two dayes a quarte of olde wyne mingled with some of the medicine or rather the precious meat called of the old wryters Tetrapharmacum and that will restore him to his former estate Laurentius Russius sayth that of all diseases there is none more perillous nor more to be suspected than the Rhewine whiche commeth of colde for horses haue large Cunduits and are full of moysture and therfore if colde once enter it findeth matter inough to worke on to breede continuall distillation as well outwardlye at the nose as inwardly discending downe to the vital parts ▪ in such sorte as it doth suffocat the same The sygnes according to the sayde Russius be these The horse doth cast matter continually at the nose some tyme thin and sometime thicke his nosetrils eares and all his outwarde partes will be colde to the feeling his eyes head and all his body heauy and he will coughe and haue smal appitite to his meat and lesse to his drinke and sometyme he will tremble and shake His cure is in this sorte Purge his heade partly by perfuming him and partly by making him to neese in such sort as hath bene before taughte in the Chapter of the Pose whiche waies of perfuming purging the head as they be good so doth Russius praise these two here folowing to be most excellent The first is this Take of the stalkes of vitis Alba otherwyse called Brioni or wilde Uine two or three good handfull and broose them betwixt two stones and being so brosed put them into a Linnen bagge and fasten the bagge to the horses heade so as he may receyue the scent vp into his nosetrilles without touching the hearbe with his mouth and this will cause the humors to come downe abundantlye The seconde medicine Take of Euforbiū beaten into fyne powder thre ounces of the iuyce of Betes one pounde of Swines bloud halfe a pounde Boyle all these together vntill they be thorowly myngled lyquid lyke an oyntment and then take it from the fire and put thervnto one ounce more of Euforbium and mingle them again thorowly together and preserue the same in a boxe to vse at nedefull tymes in this sort Make two styffe long rowles or tampins of linnen cloutes or such lyke stuffe sharpe poynted lyke Suger loues which tampins are called of the Phisitians in Laten Pessi and being annoynted with the oyntment aforesayde thruste them vppe into the horses nosetrilles and let them abyde therein a prety while then pull them out you shall see such abundaunce of matter come forth at his nose as is maruellous to behold Russius also prayseth very much this medicine here folowing Take as much of the middle barke of an Elder tree growing on the water side as wil fil a newe earthen pot of a meane syse putting therevnto as much cleare water as the potte wyll holde and let it boyle vntill the one halfe be consumed then to be fylled vp againe with fresh water continuing so to do thre tymes one after an other and at the last time that the one halfe is consumed take it from the fyre and strayne it thorow a lynnen cloth Then take two partes of that decoction and one part of Hogges greace or butter and being warmed agayne together gyue the horse to drinke thereof one horne full and poure an other hornefull into his nosetrill that casteth and when so euer you giue him this medicine lette the horse be empty and fasting and kepe him without meate also two or three houres after For this is a very good drinke for any sicknesse that commeth of colde Moreouer open the skinne of his foreheade and of his temples also of his tayle with a sharpe hote yron that the corrupt humors may issue outward That done Take hote Bricks or else a pan freshe burning coales and holde it nighe vnto hys bellye and flankes to the intent they may be thorowly warmed being so warmed annoynt them all ouer with oyle de Bay or Dialthea to defende his body from the colde and let his head be well couered and all his bellye kepte warme Yea and it were good to bathe his heade sometime as Russius sayth with a bathe made of Rhewe Wormewood
Sage Ieneper Bay leaues and Hysop And lette his drynke be warme water myngled with wheat meale yea and to make it the more comfortable it were good as Russius sayth to put therevnto some Cynamon Gynger Galingale and such hote spyces And his meat in Winter season would be none other but sodden corne or warme mashes made of ground Mault and wheate Branne in Sommer season if he wente to grasse I thinke it woulde doe him most good so that he go in a dry warm groūd for by feding alwayes downeward he shal purge his heade the better as Russius sayth Thus muche of the Glaunders mourning of the Chyne Nowe we will speake somewhat of the Stranguylion according to the opinion of the old Authours though not to the satisfaction perhappes of our Englishe Ferrers Of the Stranguylion or Squynancye The .lxvii. Chapter THe Stranguylion called of the Latens Angina according to the Phisitians is an inflamation of the inwarde parts of the throte and as I sayde before is called of the Greekes Sinanchi whiche is as muche to say in Englishe as a strangling wherof this name Stranguylion as I thinke is deryued for this disease doth strangle eyther man or beast therefore is numbred amongst the perillous and sharpe diseases called of the Latens Morbi acuti of which strangling the Phisitians in mannes body make foure differences The first and worst is when no part within the mouth nor without appeareth manifestly to be inflamed and yet the pacient is in great perill of strangling The second is when the inward partes of the throte onlye be inflamed The thirde is when the inwarde and outward parts of the throte be both inflamed The fourth is when the Muskles of the necke are inflamed or the inwarde ioyntes therof so losened as they strayten therby both the throte or wesand or windpipe for shorte breath is incident to all the foure kindes before recyted and they procede all of one cause that is to say of some Colorick or bloudy fluxion which commes out of the braunches of the throte vaynes into those partes and there bredeth some hote inflamation But nowe to proue that a horse is subiecte to this disease you shall heare what Absirtus Hierocles and Vegetius and others doe say Absirtus wryting to his frende a certayne Ferrer or Horsleache called Aistoricus speaketh in this maner When a horse hath the strāguylion it quickly killeth him the sygnes wherof be these His temples will be hollowe his tongue will swell hang out of his mouth his heade and eyes also will be swollē and the passage of his throte stopt so as he can neyther eate nor drinke All these sygnes be also confirmed by Hierocles Moreouer Vegetius rendereth the cause of this disease affirming that it proceedes of aboundaunce of subtill bloude whiche after long trauell wil inflame the inwarde or outwarde muskels of the throte or wesand or suche affluence of bloude may come by vse of hote meates after great trauel being so alteratiue as they cause those partes to swell in such sorte as the horse can neyther eate nor drinke nor drawe his breath The cure according to Vegetius is in this sort First bath his mouth and tongue well with hote water and then annoynte it with the gall of a Bull that done giue him this drinke Take of olde oyle two pounde of olde wyne a quarte nine Figges and nine Leekes heades well stampte and brayed together And after you haue boyled these a whyle before you strayne them put therevnto a little Nitrum Alexandrinum and giue him a quarte of this euery morning and euening Absirtus and Hierocles woulde haue you to let him bloude in the palat of his mouth and to poure wyne oyle into his nosetrilles and also to giue him to drink this decoction of Fygges and Nitrum sodden together or else to annoynt his throte within with Nitre oyle and hony or else with hony and Hogs dong myngled together which differeth not much from Galen his medicine to be giuen vnto man For he sayth that hony mingled with the powder of Dogges dong that is whyte and swalowed downe doth remedy the Squinancye presentlye Absirtus also prayseth the oyntmente made of Bdellinum and when the inflamation beginneth somewhat to decrease he sayth it is good to purge the horse by giuing hym wylde Concumbre and Nitre to drinke Let hys meate be grasse if it may be gotten or else wet hay and sprinkled with Nitre Let his drinke also be luke warme water with some Barly meale in it Of the Cough The .lxviii. Chapter OF Coughes some be outward and some be inwarde Those be outwarde whiche doe come of outwarde causes as by eating a feather or by eating dusty or sharpe bearded straw and such lyke things which tycling his throte causeth him to Coughe You shall perceyue it by wagging and wrying his heade in his choughing by stamping sometyme with his foote labouring to get out the thing that grieueth him and can not The cure according to Martin is thus Take a Willow wand rowled throughout with a fyne Linnen clout and then annoynte it all ouer with hony and thrust it downe his throte drawing your hande to and fro to the intente it may eyther dryue downe the thing that grieueth him or else bring it vp and doe thys twice or thrice annoynting at euery tyme the sticke with fresh hony Of the inwarde and wet Coughe The .lxix. Chapter OF inwarde Coughes some be wet and some be dry The wet cough is that which commeth of colde taken after some greate heate giuen to the horse dissoluing humors which being afterwarde congealed doe cause obstruction and stopping in the lungs And I cal it the wet coughe bycause the horse in his coughing will voyde moystye matter at his mouth after that it is once broken The sygnes be these The horse will be heauy and his eyes will run a water and he will forsake his meate and when he cougheth he thrusteth out his head and reacheth with great paine at the first as though he had a dry cough vntill the Flegme be broken and then he will cough more hollow which is a sygne of amendment And therfore according to Martins experience to the intent the Flegme may breake the soner it shall be necessarye to kepe hym warme by clothing him with a double cloth and by litteryng him vp to the bellye with freshe strawe then to giue him this drinke Take of Barlye one Pecke and boyle it in two or thre Gallons of faire water vntill the Barlye begin to bruste and boyle therewith of broused Lycoras of Annis seedes of Raysins of eche one pounde then strayne it and to that lyquor put of hony a pynte and a quarterne of Sugercandy and keepe it close in a potte to serue the horse therewith foure seuerall morninges and cast not away the sodden Barly with the rest of the strayninges but make it hote euery day to perfume the horse withall
being put into a bagge and tyed to his heade and if the horse will eate of it it shall doe him the more good And this perfuming in Winter seasō would be vsed about ten of the clocke in the morning when the sunne is of some heyght to the intent the horse may be walked abrode if the sunne shyne to excercyse hym moderately And vntill hys coughe weare awaye faile not to giue him warme water with a little ground Maulte And as his cough breaketh more and more so lette his water euery day be lesse warmed than other Of the dry Coughe The .lxx. Chapter THis semeth to come of some grosse and tough humor cleauing harde to the hollowe places of the lungs which stoppeth the wind pipes so as the horse cā not easly draw his breath if it continue it wyll eyther grow to the Pursick or else breake his winde altogether The sygnes be these He wil cough both often dryly and also vehementlye without voyding at the nose or mouth The cure according to Martin is in this sort Take a close earthen potte and put therin thre pyntes of strong Uineger and foure Egges shelles and all vnbroken and foure Garlick heades clene pilled broused and set the pot being very close couered in some warme donghill and there lette it stande a whole night and the next morning with your hand take out the Egges which will be so soft as sylke lay them by vntil you haue strayned the Garlycke and Uineger thorow a fayre cloth then put to that lyquor a quarterne of hony and halfe a quarterne of Sugercandye and two ounces of Lycoras two ounces of Annis seedes beaten all into fyne powder And then the horse hauing fasted all the night before in the morning betwixte seuen and eyght of the clock open his mouth with a corde and whorle therein one of the Egges so as he may swallow it downe and then immediatelye poure in after it a horne full of the foresayde drynke being first made luke warme and then cast in an other Egge with an other horne ful of drinke and so continue to do vntill he hath swallowed vppe all the Egges and dronke vp all the drinke and then brydle him and couer him with warmer clothes thā he had before and bring him into the stable and there lette him stande on the bitte at the bare racke well littered vp to the bellye the space of two houres Then vnbitte him and if it be in Winter offer him a handeful of Wheaten straw if in Sōmer giue him grasse and let him eate no hay vnlesse it be very well dusted and sprinckled with water and giue him not much thereof And therfore you shall neede to giue hym the more prouender whiche also must be well clensed of all filthe and dust and giue him no colde water the space of nine dayes And if you perceyue that the cough doth not weare away then if it be in Winter purge him with these pilles Take of larde two pounde layde in water two houres then take nothing but the cleene fatte thereof and stampe it in a morter and thereto put of Lycoras of Annis seedes of Fenegreke of eche beaten into powder three ounces of Aloes in powder two ounces of Agarice one ounce Knede these together lyke paast make thereof sixe balles as big as an Egge Then the horse hauing fasted ouer nighte giue him the nexte morning these pilles one after another annointed with hony and oyle mingled together in a Platter and to the intente he may swallowe them downe whyther he will or not when you haue opened his mouth catch holde of his tongue and holde it faste whilest you whorle in one of the pilles that done thrust it into his throte with a rowling pinne and then let his tongue go vntill he hath swalowed it downe then giue hym in like maner all the rest of the pilles let him stande on the bit warme clothed and littered the space of thre houres at the least and after that giue him a little wette hay and warme water with a little grounde Maulte in it to drinke and lette him drinke no other but warme water the space of a weke And now and then in a fayre sunnye day it shall be good to trotte him one houre abroade to breath him Of the fretized broken and rotten lungs The .lxxi. Chapter THis procedes as Absirtus and Theomnestus sayth eyther of an extreeme coughe or of vehement running or leaping or of ouer greadye drinking after greate thrist for the lungs be inclosed in a very thin film or skinne and therefore easy to be broken which if it bee not cured in tyme doth growe to appostumation and to corruption oppressing al the lungs which of the olde Authors is called Vomica and Supputatio But Theomnestus sayth that broken lungs rotten lungs be two dyuers diseases and haue dyuers sygnes dyuers cures The sygnes of broken lungs be these The horse draweth his wind short and by little at once he will turne his heade often toward the place grieued and groneth in his breathing he is afrayde to coughe and yet cougheth as though he had eaten small bones The same Theomnestus healed a frendes horse of his whose lungs were fretyzed or rather broken as he sayth by continual eating of salte with this maner of cure here folowing Let the horse haue quiet and rest then let him bloude in the haunches where the vaynes appeare most and giue him to drinke the space of seuen dayes Barlye or rather Otes soden in Goates mylke or if you can get no milke boyle it in water and put therein some thicke Collops of Larde and of Deares sewet and let him drinke that and let his common drinke in winter season be the decoction of wheat meale and in Sommer tyme the decoction of Barly and this as he sayth will binde his lungs agayne together Vegetius vtterlye disaloweth letting of bloude in any such disease as this is and also all maner of sharpe medicins for feare of prouoking the coughe by meanes whereof the broken places can neuer heale perfectly And therfore neyther his medicins nor meate woulde bee harshe but smouth gentle and cooling The best medicine that may be gyuen him at all tymes is this Take of Fengreke and of Lynsede of ech half a pounde of Gum dragant of Masticke of Mirre of Suger of Fytch floure of eche one ounce Let all these things be beaten into fyne powder and then infused one whole night in a sufficient quantity of warme water and the next day giue him a quart of this luke warme putting therevnto two or three ounces of oyle of Roses continuing so to doe many dayes together and if the disease be new this will heale him Yea and it will ease him verye muche though the disease be olde whiche then is thought vncurable And in winter season so long as he stādeth in the stable let him drinke no colde water let his meate be cleene
without dust but in Sommer season it were best to let him run to grasse For so long as he eateth grasse a man shall scantly perceyue this disease thus much of broken lungs Of putryfied or rotten lungs The .lxxii. Chapter THe sygnes to knowe whether a horses lungs be putrifyed or rottē according to Theomnestus are these The horse wil both eate drink more gredily than he was wont to do and he shall be oftner vexed with a dry cough and in coughing he wil cast little lumps of matter out at his mouth The cure wherof according to Theomnestus is thus Giue him to drinke euery morning the space of seuen dayes the iuyce of Purslen mingled with oyle of Roses and adde thervnto a little Tragagantū that hath bene layde before in steepe in Goates mylke or else in barlye or oten milke strayned out of the corne When the Apostume is broken then a verye strong and euill sauour will come out at his nosetrilles For remedy whereof it shall be good to giue him the space of seuen dayes this drinke here folowing Take of the roote called Costus two ounces and of Casia or else of Cynamon thre ounces beaten into fyne powder and a fewe Raysins and giue it him to drinke with wyne But Vegetius woulde haue him to be cured in this sort and with lesse cost I assure you Take of Franconcense and of Aristoloch of eche two ounces beaten into fyne powder and giue him that with wine or else take of vnburnt Brimstone two ounces and of Aristoloch one ounce and a half beaten into powder and giue him that with wyne And he would haue you also to draw his breast with a hote yron to the intent that the humors may issue forth outwardly Of shortnesse of breath The .lxxiii. Chapter A Horse may haue shortenesse of breath by hastye running after drinking or vpon a full stomacke or by the discending of humors vnto his throte or lungs after some extreme heate dissoluing the sayd humors which so long as there is nothing broken maye in the beginning be easilye holpen The sygnes be these The horse will continually pant and fetch his breath shorte which wil come very hote out at his nose in his breathing he will squese in the nose and his flankes will beat thicke yea and some can not fetch their breath vnlesse they holde their neckes right out and straigth whiche disease is called of the olde wryters by the Greeke name Orthopnoea The cure Let him bloude in the necke and giue him this drinke Take of wyne and of oyle of eche a pynte of Franconcense halfe an ounce and of the iuyce of Horehound halfe a pynte It is good also to poure into his throte honye butter and Hogges greace molten together made luke warme Tiberius sayth it is good to giue him whole Egges shelles and al steeped and made soft in Uineger that is to say the first day thre the seconde day fyue and the thirde day seuen and to poure oyle and wine into his nosetrilles I for my part would take nothing but Annis seedes Lycoras and Sugercandy beaten al into fyne powder giue him that to drinke with wine and oyle mingled together Of the Pursicke The .lxxiiii. Chapter THis is a shortenesse of breath and the horse that is so diseased is called of the Italians Cauallo pulsino or Bolso whiche I thinke is deriued of the Laten worde Vulsus by chaunging V. into B. and I thinke differeth not muche from him that hath brokē lungs called of Vegetius and other olde wryters Vulsus for suche shortenesse of breath commes eyther of the same causes or else muche lyke as of abundaunce of grosse humors cleauing harde to the hollowe places of the lungs and stopping the winde pipes And the winde beyng kepte in doth resort downeward as Russius sayth into the horses guttes and so causeth his flankes to beate cōtinually without order that is to say more swiftlye and hyer vp to the backe than the flankes of any horse that is sounde of wynde And if this dysease be olde it is seldom or neuer cured and though I finde many medicins prescribed by dyuers Authours fewe or none doe contente me vnlesse it be that of Vegetius recyted before in the chapter of broken lungs And if that preuaileth not thē I thinke it were not amisse according to Russius to pourge him with this drinke here following Take of mayden haire of Ireos of Ashe of Lycoras of Fēgreke of Raysins of ech halfe an ounce of Cardamum of Pepper of bytter Almonds of Baurach of ech two ounces of Nettle seede and of Aristoloche of eche two ounces boyle them all together in a sufficiente quantitie of water and in that decoction dissolue halfe an ounce of Agaricke and two ounces of Coloquintida together with two pounde of hony and giue him of this a pinte or a quart at dyuers times and if it bee to thicke make it thinner by putting thervnto water wherin Lycoras hath bene soddē and if nede be you may also draw both his flanks crossewyse with a hote Iron to restrayne the beating of them and also slytte his nosetrilles to giue him more ayre And if it be in Sommer turne him to grasse if in Winter lette him be kept warme and giue hym now and then a little sodden wheate Russius woulde haue it to be giuen him three dayes together and also newe sweete wyne to drinke or else other good wine mingled with Licoras water Of a Consumption The .lxxv. Chapter A Consumption is none other thyng but an exulceration of the lungs proceding of some fretting or gnawing humor discending out of the head into the lungs And I take it to be that disease whiche the olde wryters are wonte to call the dry malady Whiche perhappes some woulde rather interprete to be the mourning of the Chyne with whom I intend not to stryue But thus much I muste nedes say that euerye horse hauing the mourning of the Chyne doth continually cast at the nose but in the dry maladye it is cleane contrary For all the Authours that wryte therof affyrme that the horse auoydeth nothing at the nose And the sygnes to knowe the dry maladye according to their doctryne be these Hys fleshe doth cleene consume away his bellye is gaunt and the skin therof so hard stretched or rather shronk vp as if you strike on it with your hand it will sounde lyke a Tabor and he wyll be hollowe backt and forsake his meate and though he eateth it as Absirtus sayth yet he doth not disgest it nor prospereth not withall he woulde coughe and can not but hickingly as though he had eaten smal bones And this disease is iudged of al the Authours to be incureable Notwithstanding they say all that it is good to purge his heade with such perfumes as haue bene shewed you before in the Chapter of the Glaunders also to gyue him alwayes Coleworts small chopt wyth his prouender Some woulde haue hym to drinke the warme
bloude of sucking Pigges newe slayne and some the iuyce of Leekes together with oyle and wyne myngled together Others prayse wyne and Franconcense some oyle and Rhew some woulde haue hys bodye to be purged and sente to grasse Of the Consumption of the flesh and howe to make a leane horse fatte The .lxxvi. Chapter MArtin sayth that if a horse take a great colde after a heat it will cause his fleshe to waste his skin to waxe hard dry to cleaue fast to his sides and he shall haue no appetite vnto his meate and the fillettes of his backe will fall away and all the fleshe of his buttockes and of his shoulders will be consumed The cure whereof is thus Take two sheepes heades vnfleaed boyle them in thre gallons of Ale or fayre running water vntyll the fleshe be consumed from the bones that done strayne it through a fine cloth and then put therevnto of Suger one pounde of Cynamon two ounces of conserue of Roses of Barbaries and of Cheries of ech two ounces and mingle them together giue the horse euery day in the morning a quarte thereof luke warme vntill all be spent and after euery tyme he drinketh let him be walked vp and downe in the stable or else abrode if the weather be warme and not wyndye and let him neyther eate nor drinke in two houres after and let him drinke no colde water but luke warme the space of fiftene dayes and let him be fedde by little and little with such meate as the horse hath moste appetyte vnto But if a horse be neshe tender and so waxe leane without anye apparant griefe or disease then the olde wryters woulde haue him to be fed now and then with partched wheate also to drinke wyne with his water and to eate continuallye wheate branne mingled with his prouender vntill he wax strong and he must be often dressed and trymmed and laye soft without the which thinges his meate will doe him but little good And his meate must be fyne and cleane and giuen him often and by little at once Russius sayth that if a horse eating his meat with a good appetite doth not for all that prosper but is stil leane then it is good to giue him Sage Sauyn Bay buryes Earth nuttes and Boares greace to drinke with wyne or to giue him the intrayles of a Barble or Tench with whyte wyne He sayth also that sodden Beanes mingled wyth bran and salte will make a leane horse fatte in very shorte space Of griefe in the breast The .lxxvii. Chapter LAurentius Russius wryteth of a disease called in Italian Granezza di petto whiche hath not bene in experience amongst our Ferrers that I can learne It commes as Russius sayth of the superfluity of bloud or other humors dissolued by some extreme heate and resorting downe to the breast payning the horse so as he can not well goe The cure wherof according to Russius is thus Let him bloud on both sydes of the breast in the accustemed vaynes and rowel them vnder the breast and twice a day turne the rowelles with your hande to moue the humors that they may issue forth and let hym go so rowelled the space of .xv. dayes Of the payne at the harte called Anticor that is to say contrary to the heart The .lxxviii. Chapter THis procedes of abundaunce of ranke bloud bredde with good feeding and ouer much rest Which bloud resorting to the inwarde partes doth suffocate the hart and many tymes causeth swellings to appeare before the breast whiche wil grow vpwarde to the necke and then it killeth the horse The sygnes The horse will hang downe his heade in the maunger for saking his meate and is not able to lifte vp his heade The cure according to Martin is thus Let him bloude on both sydes abundantlye in the plat vaynes and then giue him this drinke Take a quarte of Malmesy and put therevnto halfe a quarterne of Suger two ounces of Cynamō and giue it him luke warme Then kepe him warme in the stable stuffing him well aboute the stomacke that the winde offende him no maner of way and gyue him warme water wyth mault alwayes to drinke and giue him such meate as he wil eate And if the swelling do appeare then besydes letting hym bloude strike the swelling in dyuers places wyth your fleame that the corruption may go foorth and annoynt the place wyth warme Hogges greace and that will eyther make it to weare away or else to grow to a heade if it be couered and kept warme Of tyered horses The .lxxix. Chapter BYcause we are in hande here with the vitall partes and that when horses be tyered with ouer muche labour their vitall sprightes wax feble I thinke it best to speak of them euen here not with suche long discoursing as Vegetius vseth but brieflye to shewe you howe to refresh the poore horse hauing nede thereof which is done chieflye by geuing him rest warmth and good feeding as with warme mashes and plentye of prouender And to quicken his sprightes it shall be good to poure a little oyle and Uineger into his nosetrilles and to giue him the drinke of shepes heades recyted before in the Chapter of the consumption of the flesh yea and also to bath his legs with this bath Take of Mallowes of Sage of eche two or thre handfull and a rose Cake Boyle these thinges together and beyng boyled then put vnto it a good quantity of butter or of Sallet oyle Or else make him this charge Take of bole Armonye and of wheate flower of eche halfe a pounde and a little Rosen beaten into powder and a quart of strong vineger and mingle them together and couer all his legges therwith and if it be in Sommer turne him to grasse Of the diseased partes vnder the mydriffe and first of the stomacke The .lxxx. Chapter THe olde Authours make mention of many diseases incidente to a horses stomacke as lothing of meate spuyng vp his drinke surfetting of prouēder the hungry euyll and such lyke which fewe of our Ferrers haue obserued and therefore I will briefly speake of as many as I think necessary to be knowen and first of the lothing of meate Of the lothing of meate The .lxxxi. Chapter A Horse maye lothe hys meate through the intemperature of his stomacke as for that it is to hote or to colde If his stomacke be to hote then most commonlye it will eyther inflame his mouth and make it to break out in blisters yea and perhappes cause some canker to breede there The cure of all whiche thinges haue bene taught before But if he forsake his meate onely for verye heate whiche you shall perceyue by the hotenesse of his breath and mouth then coole his stomacke by giuing him colde water mingled with a little vineger and oyle to drinke or else giue him this drinke Take of milke and of wyne of eche one pynte and put therevnto three ounces of Mel Rosatum
and wash all his mouth with Uineger and salte If his stomacke be to colde chen his haire will stare and stande right vp which Absirtus others were wonte to cure by giuing the horse good wyne and oyle to drynke and some woulde seeth in the wyne Rhew or Sage some would adde thervnto white Pepper and Myrre some woulde giue him Onyons and Roket seede to drinke with wyne some the bloude of a yong Sowe with wyne Absirtus would haue the horse to eate the greene blades of wheate if the tyme of the yeare will serue for it Columella sayth that if a horse or any other beast doe loth his meat it is good to giue hym wyne and the seede of Gith or else wyne and stampt Garlicke Of casting out his drinke The .lxxxii. Chapter VEgetius sayth that the Horse may haue such a Pawlsy proceeding of colde in his stomacke as he is not able to kepe his drinke but many tymes do cast it out again at his mouth The remedye whereof is to lette him bloud in the necke and to giue him cordiall drinks that is to say made of hote and comfortable spyces and also to annoynte all his breast and vnder hys shoulders with hote oyles to purge his heade by blowyng vp into his nosetrils powders that prouoke nesing such as haue bene taught you before Of surfetting with glut of Prouender The .lxxxiii. Chapter THe Glut of Prouender or other meate not digested doth cause a Horse to haue great payne in his body so as he is not able to stande on his fete but lyeth downe waltereth as thoughe he had the Bottes The cure whereof according to Martins experience is in this sorte Let him bloude in the necke then trotte him vp and downe for the space of an houre and if he can not stale drawe out his yarde and washe it with a little white Wine luke warme and thrust into his yard eyther a broosed Cloue of Garlicke or else a little oyle of Camamill with a wax Candle If he can not doung then rake his fundament giue him this glistre Take of Mallowes two or three handful and boyle them in a pottell of fayre running water and when the Mallowes be soden then straine it and put therevnto a quarte of freshe Butter and halfe a pinte of oyle Oliue and hauing receyued this glister leade him vp and downe vntill he hath emptyed his bellye Then set him vp and kepe him hūgry the space of three or foure dayes and the Hay that he eateth let it be sprinckeled with water and let him drinke warme water wherein would be put a lyttle bran and whē he hath dronke giue him the bran to eat and giue him little or no prouender at all for the space of eight or tenne dayes Of an other kinde of surfetting with meate or drinke called of vs foundering in the body The .lxxxiiij. Chapter THis disease is called of the olde writers in Greeke Crithiasis in Latine Hordiatio it cōmeth as they say by eating of much Prouender sodenlye after labour whylest the Horse is hote and panting whereby his meate not being digested bredeth euill humors which by little and little do spreade throughe his members and at length do oppresse all his body and doe cleane take away his strength make him in such case as he can neyther go nor bow his ioynts nor being layde is able to rise againe neyther can he stale but with great pain It may come also as they say of drinking to much in trauelling by the way when the horse is hote but then it is not so daungerous as when it commeth of eating to much But how so euer it commeth they say all that the humors will immediatelye resort downe into the horses legs feete will make him to cast his houes and therfore I must nedes iudgeit to be no other thing but a plaine foūdering which word foūdering is borowed as I take it of the Frēch word Fundu that is to say moltē For foūdering is a melting or dissolutiō of humors which the Italians cal infusione Martin maketh diuers kinds of foundering as foundering in the body which the Frenche men call most commonlye morfundu and foundering in the legges and feete also foundering before and foundering behinde which some Autours do deny as Magister Maurus and Laurentius Russius affirming that there are fewer humors behinde than before and that they can not easelye be dissolued or molten being so farre distante from the hearte and the other vital partes Whervnto a man might aunswere that the naturall heate of the heart doth not cause dissolution of humors but some vnnaturall and accidentall heate spred throughout all the members whiche is dayly proued by good experience For we see horses to be foundered not only before or behinde but also of all foure legges at once which most commonly chaunceth either by taking colde sodenlye after a great heate as by standyng still vpon some colde pauemente or abrode in the colde winde or else for that perhaps the horse traueling by the way and being in a sweate was suffered to stande in some showld water whilest he did drinke which was worse than his drinking for in the meane time the colde entring at his fete ascended vpward and congealed the humors which the heate before had dissolued and therby when he cōmeth once to rest he waxeth stiffe and lame of all his legges But leauing to speake of foundering in the legges as well before as behind vntil we come to the griefes in the legges and feete we intende to talke here onely of foundering in the body according to Martins experience The signes to knowe if a horse be foundered in his body bee these Hys haire will stare he will be chill and shrugge for colde and forsake his meate hanging downe the heade and quiuer after colde water and after two or three dayes he will begin to coughe The cure according to Martin is thus First scoure his bellye with the glistre last mentioned and then gyue him a comfortable drinke made in this sorte Take of Malmesey a quarte of Suger halfe a quartern of hony half a quartern of Cynamom halfe an ounce of Lyckoras and Annis seedes of ech two sponeful beaten into fine powder which being put into the Malmesey warme them togither at the fire so as the hony may be molten and then giue it him luke warme That done walke him vp and downe in the warme stable the space of halfe an houre and then let him stand on the bitte two or three houres without meate but let him be warme couered wel littered and giue him hay sprinckeled with a little water and cleane sifted prouender by little at once and let his water be warmed with a little grounde Mault therin And if you se him somewhat chered then let him bloude in the necke and also perfume him once a day with a little Frankencense and vse to walk him abrode when the weather is fayre and not
vpright is to charge his hip back with pitch rosen moltē together and layd on warme then some flockes of his own colour to be clapped vpon the same and so to let him runne to grasse vntill he goe vpright But the sore hip wil neuer rise agayne so hyghe as the other If the horse be not hipped but only hurt in the hip and that newly Then fyrst take of oyle de Bay of Dialthea of Nerual of swines grease of ech halfe a pounde melt them all together stirring thē continually vntil they be throughly mingled together and annoynt the sore place against the haire wyth this oyntment euery day once the space of a fortenight and make the oyntment to synke well into the flesh by holding a hote brode barre of iron ouer the place annoynted weauing your hande to and fro vntil the ointment be entred into the skinne And if at the fortenightes ende you see that the horse amendeth no whitte for this then slyt a hole downewarde in his skinne an ynch beneath the hyp bone making the hole so wyde as you may easely thrust in a rowel with your finger and then with a little brode sclice of yron losen the skin frō the flesh aboue the bone roūd about the same so brode as the rowel may lie flat playne betwixt the skin the flesh which rowell would be made of soft calues leather with a hole in the midst like a ring hauing a threde tyed vnto it to pul it out when you would clense the hole in this sort if the rowell be rowled aboute with flaxe faste tyed on and annoynted wyth the oyntmente vnder wrytten it will drawe so much the more And thruste in the rowell fyrst double and then spread it abrode with your fynger That done taynt it with a good long taint of flax or toawe dipt in a little Turpentine hogges greace moltē together and made warme and cleanse the hole and the rowel euery day once also renew the taynt for the space of a fortenight And before you dresse him cause him euery day to be ledde vp and downe a foote pace a quarter of an houre to make the humours come downe and at the fortenights ende pull out the rowell and heale vp the wound with the same salue making the taint euery day lesser and lesser vntill it be whole And so sone as it is whole draw with a hote yron crosse lynes of eyght or nine ynches long righte ouer the hyppe bone so as the rowelled place may be in the very mydst thereof and burne him no deeper but so as the skinne may looke yeallow then charge all that place and ouer all his buttocke with thys charge Take of pytch one pounde of Rosen halfe a pound of Tarre halfe a pynte Boyle them together and then being good and warme spred it on with a clout tied in a riuen sticke And then clappe on a fewe flockes of the horses colour and if it be in Sommer let the horse runne to grasse a while for the more he trauayleth at his owne wyll the better it is for him Of stiffling and hurtes in the stiffle The Cxxiiij Chapter THe Horse is sayd to be styffled when the styffling bone is remoned from his right place But if it be not remoued nor losened and yet the Horse halteth by meanes of some grief ther then we say that the horse is hurt in the stiffle and not styffled The styffle cōmeth by meanes of some syde blowe ▪ or some greate strayne flypping or slyding The signes be these If he be stiffled the one bone wyll sticke out further than the other and is apparant to the eye Martin would haue you to cure the styffle in al poynts like vnto the shoulder pight sauing that the pinnes neede not to be so long bycause the stifling place is not so brode as the shoulder and standing in the stable let him haue a pastorne wyth a ring vpon his sore legge and therevnto fasten a corde which corde must go about his necke let it be so much strayned as it may bring hys sore leg more forwarde than the other to kepe the bone from starting out But if the Horse be but hurt in the styffle wyth some strype or strayne then the bone will not stand out but perhaps the place may be swollen The cure according to Martin is thus Fyrst annoynt the place with the oyntment mentioned in the laste Chapter before euery day once the space of a fortenight and if the Horse amend not wyth this ▪ then rowel him with a hearen rowell or else wyth a quyll and lette the neather hole be somewhat beneath the sore place cleanse the hole euery day by turning the rowell continuing styll to annoynt the place with the oyntmente aforesayde and that shall make him whole Of foundering behinde The Cxxv. Chapter THys haps moste commonly when a horse is very fat and hath his grease molten wtin him which is sone done with euery litle heat You shall perceyue it by his going for he wyll be afrayde to sette his hinder feete to the grounde and he wyll be so weake behinde as he wil stande quiuering and shaking and couet alwayes to lie downe The cure according to Martin is thus Firste garter him aboue the houghes and then force him to goe a while to put him in a heate and being somewhat warme let him bloud in the thigh vaynes reseruing of that bloude a pottle to make him a charge in this sorte Put vnto that bloude of wheate flower of beane flower of eche a quarter of a pecke of Bole Armenie one pounde of Sanguis Draconis two ounces syxe egges shelles and all of Turpentine halfe a pounde of Uinegre a quarte Mingle all these things together and therewith charge both his hinder legges raynes and flankes al against the haire And if the horse can not dung lette him be raked and giue him this glister Take of Mallowes three handfuls boyle them well in faire water from a pottle to a quarte Then strayne it and put therevnto halfe a pound of butter and of Sallet oyle a quarter of a pinte and hauing emptied his belly gyue him also this drinke to comfort him Take of Malmesy a quarte and putte therevnto a little Synamom Mace and Pepper beaten into fine pouder and of oyle a quarter of a pinte and giue the horse to drinke of that luke warme with a horne That done let him be walked vp downe a good while together if he be able to goe if not then tye him vp to the rack and let him be hanged with canuas and ropes so as he may stande vpon the grounde with his feete For the lesse he lie the better and pare his hinder feete thinne vntyll the deawe come out and tacking on the shoes agayne stoppe the houes with branne and hogges greace boyled together and let both his feete hauing this geare in it be wrapped vppe in a cloth euen to his
strugling Then bath his stones wel with warme water and butter molten together the stones being somewhat warme and wel molified raise them vp from the body with both your handes being closed by the fingers faste together and holding the stones in your handes in such maner worke downe the gut into the body of the horse by stryking it downewarde continuallye wyth your two thombs one labouring immediatelye after an other vntyll you perceyue that syde of the stone to be so small as the other and hauing so discorded that is to say returned the gutte into his right place Take a liste of two fingers brode thorowly annointed with fresh butter tye his stones both together with the same so nighe the body as may be not ouer harde but so as you may put your finger betwixt That done take the horse quietlye downe and leade him fayre and softly into the stable wheras he must stande warme not be sturred for the space of three weekes But forget not the nexte day after hys discording to vnlosen the liste and to take it away and as well at that time as euery day once or twice after to caste a dishe or two of colde water vppe into his Coddes and that will make hym to shrinke vp his stones and therby restraine the gut from falling downe and at the thre wekes ende to be sure it were not amisse to gelde the stone on that syde away so shall he neuer be incorded againe on that syde But let him not eate much nor drinke muche and let his drinke be alwayes warme Of the botch in the graynes of a horse The Cvi Chapter IF a horse be full of humors and then sodenly laboured the humors will resort into the weakest parts and theyr gather together and brede a botch and specially in the hinder partes betwixte the thighes not farre from the Coddes The signes be these The hinder legges wil be all swollen and specially from the houghes vpward and if you fele with your hād you shal find a great knob or swelling if it be round hard it wil gather to a head The cure according to Martin is thus First ripe it with this playster Take of wheat flower of Turpentine of hony of ech like quātity styrring it together to make a stiffe plaister with a cloth lay it vnto the sore renuing it euery day once vntil it breake or waxe softe and then launce it so as the matter may runne downewarde Then taint it with Turpentyne and Hogs grease molten together renuing it euery day once vntill it be whole Of the diseases incident to the wombe of a Mare and specially of barrennesse The Cvij Chapter IT seemeth by some writers that the wombe of a Mare is subiect to certaine diseases thoughe not so many as the womb of a woman as to ascent discent falling out convulsion barrēnesse aborsement yea Aristotle and others doe not let to write that menstruall bloude doth naturallye voyde from the Mare as from the woman though it be so little in quātity as it can not be wel perceyued But sith none of mine Authours haue writtē therof to any purpose nor any Ferrer of this time that I know haue had any experience in such matters I wil passe them al ouer with silence sauing barrēnesse wherof I promised in the breders office to declare vnto you the causes such kind of cure for the same as the old wryters haue taught A Mare thē may be barren through the vntemperatnesse of the womb or matrix as for that it is to hote fyery or else to colde moyst or to dry or else to short or to narrow or hauing the necke thereof turned awry or by meanes of some obstruction or stopping in the matrix or for that the Mare is to fatte or to leane and many tymes Mares go barren for that they be not well horsed Well the cure of barrennesse that cōmeth through the faulte of the Matrix or wombe according to the old wryters is thus Take a good handeful of Leekes stampe them in a morter with halfe a Glasse full of wine Then put therevnto .xij. flyes called of the Appoticaries Cantharides of diuers coulours if they may be gotten then strayne al togyther with a sufficient quantitie of water to serue the Mare therewith two dayes together by pouring the same into hir nature with a horne or glister pype made of purpose and at the ende of three dayes next following offer the horse vnto hir that shoulde couer hir and immediately after that she is couered wash hir nature twice together with colde water An other receyte for the same purpose TAke of Nytrum of sparrows dong and of Turpentyne of ech lyke quantity well wrought together and made like a suppository and put that into hir nature and it will cause hir to desire the horse and also to conceyue Hipocrates sayth that it is good also to put a Nettle into the horses mouth that shoulde couer hir Of the Itche Scabbe and Maunginesse in the tayle and falling of the tayle The Cviij Chapter IN spring tyme horses be many tymes troubled with the tronchons in their fundament and then they will rubbe their tayle and breake the haire thereof and yet in his tayle perhaps shall be neyther ytche scurffe nor scabbe wherfore if you rake the horse well with your hand annointed with Sope and searche for those tronchons and pull them cleane oute you shall cause hym to leaue rubbing and if you see that the haire doe fall away of it selfe then it is a signe that it is eyther eaten with wormes or that there is some scurffe or scabbe fretting the haire and causing such an ytche in his tayle as the horse is alwayes rubbing the same As touching the wormes scurffe or scabbe it shall be good to annoynt all the tayle with sope then to washe it cleane euen to the ground with strong lye that will kill the wormes and make the haire to grow againe And if much of the tayle be worne away if shall be nedefull to kepe the tayle continually wette with a sponge dipte in faire water and that will make the haire to growe very fast But if the horses taile be maungy then heale that like as you doe the maungynesse of the Mayne before rehearsed Againe if there breede any Canker in the tayle whiche will consume both the fleshe and bone and as Laurentius Russius sayth make the ioyntes to fall away one by one It shall be good as Martin sayth to washe all his tayle with Aqua fortis or strong water made in this sort Take of grene Corporas of Atom of eche one pounde of whyte Corporas a quartern Boyle all these things together in thre quarts of rūning water in a very strōg earthen pot vntyll the one halfe be consumed and then with a little of this water being made luke warme washe his tayle with a little clout or Flaxe bounde to the ende of a sticke continuing
clapp one a whole shoe and stoppe the foote with nettles and Salte brayed together renuing it once a day but not ouer harde to the intent the sole may haue liberty to rise and being growen agayne let him be shodde with the lunettes and so sent to grasse Of the running Frushe The Cliij Chapter THe Frushe is the tenderest parte of the houe towards the heele called of the Ilians Fettone and bicause it is fashyoned lyke a forked head the French men cal it Furchette which worde our ferrers eyther for not knowing rightly howe to pronounce it or else perhaps for easinesse sake of pronuntiatiō do make it a monasillable and doe shortly pronounce it the frushe in which frush breedeth many tymes a rottennesse or corruption proceding of humors that cōmeth out of the legge wherby the legge is kept cleane from wynegalles and all other tumors and swellings by meanes that the humors haue passage that way Notwithstanding the discomoditie of this soraunce is greater then the commodytie bicause it maketh the horses foote so weake and tender as he is not able to treade vpon any hard ground The signes be these The horse wil halt and specially when the passage of the humor is stopt with any grauel gathered into the Frushe and not being stopt it will continually runne the sauoure whereof will be so strong as a man is not able to abide it and in some places it will looke rawe The cure according to Martin is thus First take off the shoe and pare awaye all the corrupt places and make them rawe so as you may see the water issue out of the raw places Then tack on the shoe agayne being first made wyde large ynoughe That done take of soote one handefull of salte as muche Broose them well together in a dishe and put thereunto the whyte of three egges and temper them altogither and with a litle toaw dipt therin stoppe all the foote and speciallye the frushe and splent it so as it maye not fall out renuing it once a daye the space of seuen dayes and then he will be whole During which tyme let the horse reast and come in no wette at the .vij. dayes ende leaue stopping him and ryde him abroade and alwayes when he cōmeth in let his sore foote be cleane washed that no grauel remayne therin without doing any more vnto him Of diseases or griefes indifferently incident to any part of the body but first of the Leprosie or vniuersall maunginesse called of the olde wryters Elephantia The Cliiij Chapter THis is a cankred maunginesse spreding ouer all the body which commeth of abundance of Melancholye corrupt and filthy bloude The sygnes be these The horse will be all maungye and scuruye full of scabbes and rawe plots about the necke euill fauoured to loke on alwayes rubbing scratching The cure according to Martin is thus Let him bloude the first day in the one side of the necke within two dayes after on the other side of the neck wtin two dayes after that in the flank vaynes last of al in the vain vnder the taile Then wash al the sore places with salt brine rubbing them hard with a wispe of strawe hard twysted so as they may blede well and be all raw That done annoynt the places with this oyntmēt Take of quicke siluer one ounce of Hogges grease one pounde of brimstone beaten into powder a quarterne of Rape oyle a pinte Mingle these things well together vntil the quicke siluer be throughlye incorporated with the rest and hauing annoynted all the rawe places with this oyntment make it to sinke into the flesh by holding and weauing vp downe ouer it a hote brode bar of yron then touch him no more againe the space of two or thre dayes during which tyme if you se that he rubbeth still in any place then rub that place againe with an olde horsecombe to make it rawe and annoint it with freshe oyntment But if all this will not helpe then with a hote yron rounde and blunt at the poynt so bigge as a mans little finger Burne all the maūgye places making rounde holes passing onelye through the skin and no further For which intent it shall be nedefull to pull the skinne first from the fleshe with your left hande holding it stil vntil you haue thrust the hote yron throughe it and let euery hole be a span one from an other and if nede be you may annoynt those holes with a little Sope and let the horse be thinne dyeted during this curing tyme. Of the Farcyn called in Italian of some il verme and of some Farcina The Clv. Chapter THis is a kind of creping vlcer growing in knots folowing alongst some vaine and it procedeth of corrupt bloud ingendred in the bodye or else of some outwarde hurte as of spurgallyng or of the byting of some other horse or of the biting of tickes or of Hogges lice or such like casualtyes Or if it be in the legge it may come by enterfering It is easely knowen partly by the former discription and also it is apparant to the eye The cure according to Martin is thus Lette him bloud in that vayne where it commeth as nigh the sore place as may be let him bleede well Then fyre euery knot one by one taking the knot in your left hande and pulling it so harde as you can from his body to the intent you may the better pearce the knot with a round blunt hote yron of the bignesse of a mans fore finger without doing the body any hurt and let the matter out leauing none vnburned be it little or much That done annoynt euery knot so burned with Hogges grease warmed euery day once vntill the cores be redy to fal away and in the meane tyme prepare a good quantity of olde vrine and when you see that the cores are redy to fall boyle the vrine and put therin a little Corporas and salt and a few strong Nettles and with that water being warme washe out all the cores and all the corruption That done fil euery hole immediately with the powder of sleict Lyme continuing thus to do euery day once vntil the holes be closed vp and if any be more ranker then others fill those with Uerdygrease and during this cure lette the horse be thinlye dyeted that is to say with straw and water onely vnlesse it be now and then to giue him a lofe of bread For the lower he be kept the soner he will be whole And in any wyse let his necke be yoked in an olde bottomlesse payle or else with shorte staues to kepe him from licking the sores and the lesse rest he hath the better Of the Canker called of the Italians il Cancro The Clvi Chapter A Canker is a filthy creping Ulcer fretting and gnawing the fleshe in great breadth In the beginning it is knotty much lyke a Farcyne and spredeth it selfe into dyuers places and being exulcerated gathereth
together at length into one wounde or sore This proceedes of a Melancholy and filthy bloud ingendred in the body which if it be mixte with sharpe and salte humors it causeth the more painefull and grieuous exulceration and sometyme it commeth of some filthy wounde that is not clenly kept the corrupt matter whereof cankreth other cleane partes of the body It is easy to be knowen by the discription before writtē The cure whereof according to Martin is thus First lette him bloude in those vaynes that be nexte vnto the sore and take inough of him Then take of Alom halfe a pound of grene Corporas as much of white Corporas one quarterne and a good handefull of salte Boyle all these things together in fayre running water from a pottell to a quart and thys water being warme washe the sore therwith with a clout then sprincle theron the powder of sleyked Lyme continuing so to do euery day once the space of .xv. dayes and if you see that the Lyme doe not mortify the ranke flesh and kepe it from spreading any further then take of Sope halfe a pounde of quick siluer half an ounce and beate them together in a pot vntill the quick siluer be so well mingled with the Sope as you can perceyue none of the quick siluer in it And with an yron sclyce after that you haue washed the sore with the strong water aforesayde couer the wound with this oyntment cōtinuing thus to do euery day once vntill the canker leaue spreading abrode And if it leaue spreading and that you see the ranke fleshe is mortifyed and that the edges beginne to gather a skin Then after the washing dresse it with the Lyme as before continuing so to do vntill he be whole And in the dressing suffer no filthe that cōmeth out of the sore to remaine vpon any whole place about but wype it cleane away or else washe it away with warme water And let the Horse during this cure be as thinly dieted as may be and throughly exercised Of the Fistula called of the Italians Fistula The Clvij Chapter A Fistula is a deepe hollowe crooking Ulcer for the most parte springs of maligne humors ingendred in some wound sore or canker not throughly healed It is easy to know by the discriptiō before made The cure according to Martin is thus First search the depth of it with a quil or with some other instrumēt of Leade that may be bowed euery way meete for the purpose For vnlesse you finde the bottom of it it wil be very hard to cure And hauing found the bottom if it be in such place as you may boldely cut and make the way open with a Launcet or Rasor then make a slit right against the bottom so wide as you may thruste in your finger to feele whether there be any bone or gristle perished or spongye or loose fleshe which must be gotten out then taynt it with a taint of flaxe dipt in this oyntment Take of hony a quarterne and of Uerdigrease one ounce beaten in powder Boyle them together vntill it looke-redde sturring it continually least it runne ouer and being luke warme dresse the taynt therewith and bolster the taynt with a bolster of flaxe And if it be in such a place as the taynt can not cōueniently be kepte in with a bande then fasten on eche syde of the hole two endes of a shoemakers threde right ouer the bolster to kepe in the taynte whiche endes may hang there as two laces to tye and vntye at your pleasure renuing the taynt euery day once vntill the sore leaue mattering And then make the taynt euery day lesser and lesser vntill it be whole And close it vp in the end by sprincling thereon a little sleict Lyme But if the Fistula be in suche a place as a man can neyther cut ryght against the bottome nor nyghe the same then there is no remedy but to poure in some strong water throughe some quil or suche like thing so as it may goe to the bottome and drye vp the filthy matter dressing him so twise a day vntil the horse be whole Of an Anburye The Clviij Chapter THis is a great spongy wert full of bloud called of the Italians Moro or Selso which may growe in any place of the body and it hath a roote like a Cockes stone The cure according to Martin is thus Tye it about with a threde so harde as you can pull it and the threde will eate in by little and little in suche sorte as within seuen or eyght dayes it will fall away by it selfe And if it be so flat as you can binde nothing about it then take it away with a sharp hote yron cutting it round about and so depe as you leaue none of the roote behinde and dry it vp with Uerdygrease Russius sayth that if it growe in a place full of sinewes so as it can not be conueniently cut away with a hote yron then it is good to eate out the core with the powder of Resalgar and then to stoppe the hole with flaxe dipt in the white of an egge for a day or two and lastly to dry it vp with the powder of vnsleict Lyme and honye as before is taught Of woundes The Clix Chapter WOunds commeth by meanes of some strype or pricke and they are properly called wounds when some whole parte is cutte or broken For a wounde according to the Phisitians is defyned to be a solution dyuision or parting of the hole For if there be no such solution or parting then me thinks it ought rather to be called a brouse then a wounde And therfore wounds are most commonly made with sharp or pearcing weapons and brouses with blount weapons Notwithstanding if by such blount weapons any parte of the hole be euidently broken then it ought to be called a wounde as well as the other Of wounds some be shallow and some be deepe hollow Againe some chaunce in the fleshye partes and some in the bonye and sinewe places And those that chaunce in the fleshy partes though they be very deepe yet they be not so daungerous as the others and therfore we will speake fyrst of the moste daungerous If a horse haue a wounde newely made eyther in his heade or in any other place that is full of sinews bones or gristles First Martin would haue you to washe the wound wel with whyte wine warmed That done to search the bottome of the wounde with some instrument meete for the purpose suffering it to take as little wynd in the meane while as may be Thē hauing founde the depth stop the hole close with a clout vntill your saluebe readye Then take of Turpētine of Mel Rosatum of Oyle of Roses of ech a quarterne and a little vnwrought waxe and melt them together stirring them continually that they maye be well mingled together and if it be a cutte make a handesome roule of cleane picked toaw so long and so bigge as
be to fat euery place of their bodyes will be so fylled as the foles within their bellyes cannot haue roume sufficient to growe and to prosper by meanes whereof eyther the foles shall be but little ones or elles the Mares theim selues shall be in greate daunger at the tyme of their folynge by reason that their cundittes be ouermuch strayghtned with fatte And therefore the Scythians which is a people of the North vsed as Aristotle wryteth moderately to iourney and to trauel their Mares after they were quickened to the intente that they myght haue the easier folynge For truely moderate labour and exercise at that tyme muste nedes do theym muche good But to trauell them imediately vppon conception or when they be verye great and redy to fole is daungerous For the fruite of the wōbe in all beastes maybe well compared to the fruyte of the Apple tree which at the first blossominge and also when it is through rype and mellow wyll be blowen downe with euery lyght wind but in the middle time betwixt both it cleueth so fast vnto the braunches of the tree as it wil scant be throwen downe with coudgelles ¶ How to helpe a Mare that is in daunger at the tyme of her folyng And how you shall cause her to expell her secundyne or cleane Cap. xi BUt if it so happen that a mare by any myschaunce be in daunger at the tyme of her folynge then it is neadefull to helpe her causynge one to holde her nostrilles in a gentle maner close in his hande and so to stoppe her breath and it shal make her to fole with more ease and also the soner which is not very paynefull for any man to do for somuch as the Mare foleth standing whereby he shall not nede greatelye to stoupe Agayne if the secundine which is the skynne wherin the fole is wrapped doth not come all out naturally of the owne accorde then vse this remedy Take a good handfull or twoo of Fenell and boyle it in water then take halfe a pynte of that and another halfe pynte of olde wyne and put therunto a fourth part of oyle and mingle them altogether ouer the fyre and beinge but luke warme poure it into the mares nostrilles and holde her nostrilles close with your hand to kepe it in a prety while after And that shall forse the secundine to come foorth whiche for the most parte both she and all other beastes do immedyately eate and swallowe vp agayne into their bellyes Which thinge the plaine folkes of the countrey if they can preuent it will not suffer their milche kine to doe in their time of cauluing saying that it will make them sicke and vnlustye And trulye I beleue it doth the mares no great good Some Authours wryte that when the mare doth eate vppe her secundyne or cleane for so the playne folkes tearme it she snappeth awaye also with her teeth a certeyne peace of fleshe growing lyke a fygge vpon the foles foreheade called of the Grekes and Latins Hippomanes Of the vertue whereof in matters of loue many monsterous tales by many learned Authours are recyted Wherof I think it not good to make the vnlearned partners And therefore I leaue to speake of it any further ¶ Howe to make a Mare to caste her fole that is not worthy to be bredde or for some other nedefull cause cap. xii YF a fayre mare in olde time had ben couered with a foule Royle or had ben wyth fole out of seasō or at such time perhaps as she must ronne for some greate wager then they would vse meanes to make her caste her fole before her time that was done eyther by force of hande or by medecine For if the fole were so farre growen that it had heare thei would cause one to thrust hys hande into the Mares wombe and to take the fole by the hedde and to crushe it in peces And if it had no heare then they would destroy it with medecines not nedefull here to be written Notwithstanding in myne opinion the surest waye if greater cause do not otherwise requyre were to tary till she hath foled of her owne kinde and then to kyll the fole ¶ How Mares should be vsed after they haue foled Also how long the foles shoulde sucke and how they ought to be vsed during their foleage also howe to harden their houes Cap. xiii IT is nedeful immediatly after the mares haue foled or rather a seuennight or a fortenight before they be redy to fole to put them into the warmest swetest and rankest pasture that you haue to the intent they lyinge warme and drye and faringe well maye haue plentye of milke to feede their foles For nothing doth hinder the growth of the foles more then cold and penury Moreouer Anatolius saith that it is very necessarye about two or three monethes after their folinge to chase them about the grounde to and fro or otherwise to exercise them with some moderate labour to make their milke come downe into their dugges And to thintent that the foles maye be fayre and fatte al the writers with one consent would haue them to sucke .ii. yeares and speciallye if they be horse foles yea some would haue them to sucke til thei offer to couer their dammes and lesse then one yere though they be Mare foles none that euer I coulde heare or reade of doth allowe And yet here in Englande they will scant suffer them to sucke .vi. monethes but wyl weane them before they be full halfe a yeare olde whiche truly I cannot commend for though many of them do proue to be great of bone and tall of stature yet the pyth within is not firme nor sounde neyther can they be so stronge so healthful or lyue so longe as those most commonlye do which sucke a longe tyme. For that sweete and moste naturall moysture and nutryment wherof they be depriued in their youth will neuer be gotten agayne so long as they liue Wherfore I wysh those that seeke to haue stronge and healthful Coltes to let them sucke one yeare at the least In olde tyme as it appeareth by Varro and Columella they vsed for warmeth sake to house bothe Mares and foles vntill their foles were ten dayes old and then to putte theim furth into the pasture Also when the foles were fyue Monethes old they vsed now and then to bring them into the house and there would geue them ground barley mingled with wheat branne and suche other softe kynde of foode And beinge a yeare olde they wold geue them firmer prouander as dried Barley and Branne contynuing so to do vntill they were .ii. yeres olde All which tyme the coltes also sucked and chiefly they did this to make them domestical and familiar and partly to make them fat and lustye and partlye agayne to acquaynt them with all kinde of meates but therewith they would touch them or handle them so litle as was possible for feare of hindering their groweth And among the
sayth that if you giue him mans dong in wyne to drinke thre morninges together it will heale him also take of blacke Elleborus two or three handefull and boile it in a sufficient quantitye of strong Vyneger and therewith rubbe and chause both his head and al his body once or twice in a day for the oftner his heade is rubbed the better and often excercyse is verye profitable to all his body Some againe woulde haue the skinne of his heade to be pearced in dyuerse places with a hote Iron to let out the euill humors but if none of all this will preuayle then the last remedy is to gelde him of both hys stones or else of one at the least for eyther that wyll heale him or else nothing As touchyng the dyet and vsage of a madde horse the Authors do not agre for some would haue him kept in a close darke and quyet house voyd from all noyse which Absirtus saith wil either make him madder or else kyll him out of hande His dyet would be thin that is to say without any prouender and that day that he is let bloud receyueth hys drynke they would haue hym to faste vntyll Euen and then to haue a warme washe of Barlye meale yea me thynkes it were not amisse to feede him onelye with warme mashes and hay and that by little at once vntill he be somewhat recouered Of the sleeping euill The xix Chapter THIS is a disease forcyng the beast continually to sleepe whether he will or not taking his memory and appetyte cleane awaye and therefore is called of the Phisitians Lethargus it procedeth of abundaunce of flegme moysting the brayne ouer much It is easy to knowe by the continuall sleeping of the horse The cure of this disease according to Pelagonius Vegetius and others is in this sort Let him bloude in the necke and then giue him this drink Take of Camomyl Motherwort of eche two or thre handefull boyle them in a sufficient quantity of water and put thervnto a little wheate branne salte and Uineger and let him drinke a pynte of that euerye day the space of thre or foure dayes together It is good also to perfume and chaufe his heade wyth Tyme and Peniryail sodden together in Uinegar or with Brymstone and Feathers burned vppon a chaufing dish of coales vnder his nose and to prouoke him to neese by blowing Pepper and Perithre beaten to powder vp into his nosetrils yea and to annointe the palat of his mouth with Hony and Mustarde mingled together and in his drinke which woulde be alwayes warm water to put Parsely sede Fenel sede to prouoke vrine His legges also woulde be bathed and his Houes filled with wheate bran salte and Uineger sodden together and layd to so hote as he may endure it and in any case suffer him nor to sleepe but kepe him waking and styrring by continuall crying vnto him or pricking him wyth some sharpe thing that can not passe clene through the skinne or else by beating hym with a whip and thus doing he shall recouer Of a horse that is taken The .xx. Chapter A Horse is said to be taken when he is depryued of his feeling and mouing so as he is able to sturre no maner of waye but remayneth in suche state or fourme as he was taken in Whiche disease is called of the Phisitians by the Greeke name Catalepsis and in Laten Deprehensio or Congelatio and of Vegetius Sederatio which also calleth those beastes that haue this disease lumenta sideratitia The Phisitians say that it commeth of abundance of Flegme and Choler mixte together or else of Melancoly bloud which is a colde dry humor oppressing the hynder partes of the brayne But Vegetius sayth that it cōmeth of some extreme outwarde colde striking sodenlye into the emptye vaynes or of some extreme heate or of rawe disgestion or else of some greate hunger caused by long fasting It is easy to knowe by the discription before mentioned And as touching the cure Vegetius sayth that if it come of colde then it is good to giue him to drinke one ounce of Laserpitium with wine and oyle mixt together and made luke warme if of heate then to giue it him with water and hony it of crudite then to heale him by fasting if of hunger then by feeding him well with pease But Martin sayth that this disease is called of the Frenche men Surprius and it commeth as he sayth most chiefly of colde taken after a heate and he wissheth a horse that is thus taken to be cured in this sort First to be let bloude on both sydes of the breast and then to be put in a heate eyther by continuall sturring and molesting hym or else if he will sturre by no meanes then to bury him all saue the heade in a warme donghill and there to let hym lye vntill his lymmes haue some feeling And before you so bury him it shall be good to giue him this drinke Take of Malinesy thre pyntes and put thervnto a quarterne of Suger and some Cynamon and Cloues and let him drinke it good and warme and vntyll he be perfectly whole let him be kepte warme and often excercysed and walked vp and downe in the stable and thinlye dyeted and drinke nothing but warme water wherein if you put fome Fenell and Perslye seede to prouoke him to vryne it shall bee the better And if he cannot dong let him be raked and haue a glister made of the broth of Mallowes and freshe butter Of the Staggers The .xxi. Chapter THis is a doosinesse of the head called of the Latens Vertigo and of the Italians as I remember Capistura It commeth of some corrupte bloude or grosse and toughe humors ▪ oppressing the braine from whence proceedeth a vaporous sprighte dissolued by a weake heate which troubleth al the heade The sygnes be these dymnesse of fight the reeling and staggering of the horse who for very payne will thrust his heade agaynst the walles and forsake his meate The cure according to Martin is thus Let him bloude in the temple vaynes and then with a knife make a hole of an ynche long ouerthwarte his foreheade hard vnderneath his foretoppe and rayse the skyn with a cornette thrusting it vpwarde towardes the headstal a good handefull and then put in a teynt dypt in Turpentyne and Hogges greece molten together renuing the taynte euery day once vntill it be whole and doe the lyke vppon the rydge of the rumpe but me thinkes it were better to do the lyke in the powle of his heade or nape of his necke for so shoulde the euill humors haue both wayes the easyer and spedyer passage And as touching hys dyet let him haue continuallye warme drinke and mashes and once a day be walked vp and downe fayre and softly to excercyse his body Of the Falling euill The .xxii. Chapter THis is a kinde of convulsion or Crampe called of the Latens by the Greke name Epilepsia in
legges and lymmes Theomnestus cured his horse as he saith by placing him in a warm stable by making a clere fyre without any smoke round aboute him and the horse not being able to open his Iawes of him self he caused his mouth to be opened and put therein soppes dypt in a confertion called Entrigon Conditum and also annointed al his body with a medicin or oyntment called Acopū the making whereof hereafter foloweth dissolued in Cypres oyle which made him to fal into a sweat and being before halfe deade and more broughte him againe to his feeling and mouing so as he did rise and eate his meate The receyt of the medicine or oyntment called Acopum TAke of Euforbium two ounces of Castoreum foure ounces of Adarces half a pound of Bdellium thre ounces of Pepper one pounde of Foxe greece two ounces of Opoponax foure ounces of Lacerpitium three ounces of Amoniacum halfe a pounde of Pygions dong as much of Galbanum two ounces of Nitrum fiue ounces of Spumanitrie three ounces of Ladanum one pounde of Perethrum and of Bay buryes of eche thre ounces of Cardamomum eyght ounces of the seede of Rewe halfe a pounde of the seede of Agnus Castus foure ounces of Parslye two ounces of the dryed rootes of Ireos or Floure de Luce fiue ounces of Isoppe and of Carpobalsamū one pound of oyle of Floure deluce and oyle de Bay of ech one pound a halfe of oyle of Spiconard three pound of Oleum Ciprinum three pounde and halfe of the oldest oyle Oliue that you can possible get sixe pounde of Pitche not smelling of the smoke one pound eyght ounces of Turpētine one pound Melte euery one of these that will melte seuerally by them selues and then myngle them together with the rest of the simples beaten into fyne powder and after that they haue bene a little boyled on the fyre take it of straine it into a fayre vessell and whensoeuer you will giue your horse any therof giue it him with wine And if with long kepyng it waxeth harde then soften it with oyle of Cypres so as it may be good thicke This confection is both a medicin also an ointement is called of the old wryters Acopum Which if it be put into a horses nosetrilles it will drawe out all noysome humors and discharge his heade of all griefe yea this medicine healeth all Convulsions coldes drynesse or withering of the body and dryueth away all werynesse and tyering Of colde in the heade The .xxvi. Chapter ACcording as the colde whiche the horse hath taken is newe or olde greate or small and also according as humors do abounde in his heade and as suche humors be thicke or thin so is the disease more or lesse daungerous For if the horse casteth lyttle or no matter out of his nose nor hath no very great coughe but is onelye heauy in his heade and perhappes lightlye cougheth nowe than it is a sygne that he is stopped in the head whiche we were wont to call the pose But if his head be full of humors congealed by some extreme tolde taken of long tyme paste and that he casteth foule filthye and stinking matter out at the nose and cougheth grieuouslye then it is a sygne that he hath eyther the Glaunders or Stranguyllion Mourning of the Chayne or Consumption of the Lungs For all such diseases do breede for the most part of the Rheume or distillation that commeth frō the head Of the cures therof we leaue to speak vntil we come to talke of the diseases in the throte minding here to shewe you how to heale the Pose or colde before mentioned Martin sayth it is good to pourge his head by perfuming him with Franconcense and also to prouoke hym to neese by thrusting two Goose feathers dypt in oyle de Bay vp into his nosetrilles and then to trotte him vppe and down the space of halfe an houre for these feathers will make him to caste immedyately at the nose Laurentius Russius woulde haue him to be perfumed with wheate Peniryall and Sage sodden well together put into a bagge so hote as may be which bag would be so close fastned to his heade that all the sauour thereof maye ascende vp into his nosetrilles and his heade also woulde be couered and kept warme and to prouoke him to neese he would haue you to binde a softe cloute annoynted with Sope or else wyth Butter and oyle de Bay vnto a stycke and to thrust that vppe and downe into hys nostrilles so hye as you may conueniently go let him be kept warme and drink no colde water Yea it shall be good for three or foure dayes to boyle in his water a lyttle Senegreke Wheat meale and a fewe Annis seedes And euery day after that you haue purged his head by perfuming him or by making him to neese cause him to be trotted vppe and downe eyther in the warme Sunne or else in the house halfe an houre which woulde be done before you water him and giue him his prouender Of the diseases in the eyes The .xxvii. Chapter HOrses eyes be subiect to diuers griefes as to be waterish or bloudshotten to be dymme of syght to haue the pyn and webbe and the haw whereof some commes of inwarde causes as of humors resorting to the eyes and some of outward causes as of colde heate or strype Of weping or watering eyes The .xxviii. Chapter THis as Laurentius Russius sayeth may come sometyme by confluence of humors and sometime by some stripe whose cure I leaue to recite bycause it doth not differ much from Martins experience here folowing Take of Pitche Rosen and Mastick lyke quantity melt them together Then with a little sticke hauing a cloute bounde to the ende thereof and dipte therein annoynt the temple vaynes on both sydes a handefull aboue the eyes as broade as a Testerne and then clap vnto it immediatly a fewe Flocks of like colour to the horse holding them close to his heade with your hande vntill they stycke faste vnto his heade then let him bloude on both sydes if both eyes be infected a handfull vnder the eyes Russius also thinketh it good to washe his eyes once a day wyth pure whyte wyne and then to blowe therein a lyttle of Tartarum and of Pomys stone beaten into fyne powder Of bloudshotten eyes for a blowe or ytching and rubbing in the eyes The .xxix. Chapter MArtin neuer vsed any other medicine than this water here folowing wherewith he did alwayes heale the foresayde griefes Take of pure rose water of Malmesy of Fenell water of eche thre sponefull of Tutia as muche as you may easely take with your Thombe and Finger of Cloues a dosen beaten into fyne powder mingle them well together and being luke warme or colde if you will washe the inwarde partes of the eye with a fether dipt therin twice a day vntill he be whole Russius sayth that to bloude shotten eyes it is good to
lay the whyte of an Egge or to washe them with the iuyce of Selidony Of dimnesse of syght and also for the Pynne and webbe or any other spot in the eye The .xxx. Chapter IF the Horse be dimme of sight or hath any pearle growing in his eie or thin fylme couering the ball of hys eye then Russius woulde haue you take of Pommis stone of Tartarum and of Sal Gemma of eche lyke wayght and being beaten into very fyne powder to blowe a lyttle of that into his eye continuing so to do euery day once or twice vntil he be whole Martin sayth that he always vsed to blow a little Sandyuoire into the eye once a day which simple he affirmeth to be of such force as it wil breake any pearle or webbe in short space and make the eye very cleare and fayre Russius amongest a number of other medicins prayseth most of all the powder of a blacke Flynte stone Of the Haw called of the Italians l'vnghia de gli occhi The .xxxi. Chapter THis is a gristle couering sometime more than the one halfe of the eye It proceedes of grosse and toughe humors discending out of the head which Haw as Martin sayth woulde be cut awaye in this sorte Fyrst pull both the eye lyddes open with two seuerall threedes stitched with a nedle to eyther of the lyddes Then catch holde of the Hawe with the stych of another nedle threde and pul it out so farre as you may stay it vpon your fynger to the intente that you may cutte it rounde the bredth of a penny and leaue the black behinde For by cutting away to much of the fatte blacke of the eye the horse many tymes becommeth bleare eyed And the Haw being clene taken away squirt a little whyte wyne or beere into his eye Of Lunatike eyes The .xxxii. Chapter VEgetius Wryteth de Oculo Lunatico but he sheweth neyther cause nor sygnes thereof but onelye sayth that the old men termed it so bycause it maketh the eye sometyme to loke as thoughe it were couered with white and sometyme cleare Martin sayth that the horse that hath this disease is blinde at certaine tymes of the Moone in so much as he seeth almost nothing at all during that time and then his eyes will looke yealowishe yea and somewhat reddyshe whiche disease according to Martin is to be cured in this sorte First vse the playster mentioned before in the Chapter of wateryshe or weping eies in such order as is there prescribed and then with a sharpe knyfe make two slittes on both sydes of hys heade an ynche long somewhat towardes the nose a handful beneath the eyes not touching the vayne and with a cornet loosen the skinne vpwarde the bredth of a grote and thruste therein a rounde peece of Leather as brode as a twopenny peece with a hole in the middest to kepe the hole open loke to it once a day that the matter may not be stopped but continuallye runne the space of ten dayes then take the Leather out and heale the wounde with a little Flaxe dypte in the salue here following Take of Turpentyne of Hony of Waxe of ech like quantity and boyle them together whiche being a lyttle warmed will be lyquid to serue your purpose and take not away the playsters from the temples vntill they fall away of them selues which being fallen then with a small hote drawing yron make a Starre in the middest of eche temple vayne where the playster dyd lye Which Starre woulde haue a hole in the middest made with the button ende of your drawing yron in this sorte Of the Cancer in the eye The .xxxiii. Chapter THis commeth of a ranke and corrupt bloud discēding from the head into the eye The sygnes You shall see redde pymples some small and some greate both within and without vpon the eye lyddes and all the eye wyll loke redde and be full of corrupte matter The cure according to Martin is thus First let him bloude on that syde the necke that the eye is grieued to the quantity of a Pottell Then take of roche Alum of greene Corporas of eche halfe a pounde of whyte Corporas one ounce and boyle them in three pyntes of running water vntill the halfe be consumed then take it from the fire and once a day washe his eye with this water being made luke warme with a fyne linnen cloth and clense the eye therewith so as it may loke rawe contynuing thus to doe euery day once vntill it be whole Of diseases incident to the eares and powle of the heade and first of an Impostume in the eare The .xxxiiii. Chapter IMpostumes breede eyther by reason of some blowe or brousing or else of euyll humors congealed in the eare by some extreme colde The sygnes be apparant by the burning painfull swelling of the eare and parts therabout The cure according to Martin is in this sort First ripe the Impostume with this playster Take of Lynesede beaten into powder of wheate flower of eche halfe a pynte of Hony a pinte of Hogges greace or Barrows greace one pounde Warme all these thinges together in an earthen potte and sturre them continually with a flatte stycke or sclyce vntill they be thorowly myngled and incorporated together and then spreade some of this plaister being warme vpon a peece of linnen cloth or soft whyte Leather so broade as the swelling and no more lay it warm vnto it and so lette it remayne one whole day and then renewe it with freshe oyntment continuing so to doe vntill it breake then launce the sore so as the matter may haue passage downewarde and taynt it to the bottom with a taynt of Flaxe dipt in this oyntment Take of Metrosatū of oyle Oliue Turpentine of ech two oūces and mingle them together and make hym a Byggen of Canuas to close in the sore so as the taynte wyth the oyntement may abyde within renuing the taynt once a day vntill it be whole But if the horse haue payne in his eares without any great swelling or Impostumation then thrust in a little blacke woll dipte in oyle of Camamyll and that will heale it Of the Powle euill The .xxxv. Chapter THys is a disease lyke a Fistula growing betwixte the eares and the Powle or nape of the necke and proceedeth of euill humors gathered together in that place or else of some blowe or brouse for that is the weakest and tenderest parte of all the heade and therefore sonest offended whiche rude Carters doe little consyder whylest in their fury they beat their horses vpon that place of the head with their whipstockes and therefore no horses be more subiecte to this disease than Carte horses And this disease commeth most in Winter season The sygnes You shal perceyue it by the swelling of the place which by continuance of tyme will breake of it selfe rotting more inward than outward and therefore is more perillous if it be not cured in tyme and
the soner it be taken in hand the better The cure according to Martin is thus If it be not broken rype it with a playster of Hogges greace layde vnto it so hote as maye be and make a Byggyn for the powle of hys heade to kepe it from colde which Biggen woulde haue two holes open so as his eares may stande out and renue the playster euery day once vntill it breake keping the sore place as warme as may be And if you see that it will not breake so sone as you woulde haue it then there as it is softest and moste metest to be opened take a rounde hote yron as byg as your little fynger and sharpe at the poynte and two ynches beneath that soft place thrust it in a good depenesse vpwarde so as the poynte of the yron may come out at the rypest place to the intent that the matter may discende downeward come out at the neather hole whiche woulde be alwayes kepte open and therefore taynt it with a taynt of Flaxe dypt in Hogges greace and lay a playster of Hogges greace also vpon the same renuing it euery day once the space of foure dayes which is done chiefly to kill the heat of the fyre Then at the foure dayes ende take of Turpintyne halfe a pounde cleane washed in nine sundry waters after that thorowly dryed by thrusting out the water wyth a felyce on the dyshes side then put therevnto two yolkes of Egges and a little Saffron and myngle them well together that done searche the depth of the hole with a wholle quill and make a taynt of a peece of sponge so long as it may reache the bottom and so big as it may fill the wounde and annoynt the taynt with the foresayde oyntment and thrust it into the wounde eyther with that quill or else by winding it vp with your finger and thombe by little and little vntill you haue thrust it home and then lay on the playster of Hogs greace made luke warme renuing it euery day once or twice vntill it be whole But if the swelling ceasse then you neede not to vse the playster but onelye to taynt it and as the matter decreaseth so make your taynt euery day lesser and lesser vntil the wounde be perfectly whole Of the Uyues The .xxxvi. Chapter THe Uyues be certaine kirnels growing vnder the horses eare proceding of some rank or corrupt bloud resorting to that place which within are full of little whyte graynes like whyte salte kirnelles The Italians call them Viuole which if they be suffered to growe Laurētius Russius sayth that they will grieuously pain the horse in his throte so as he shall not be able to swallow his meat nor to breath They be easy to know for that they may be felte and also sene The cure according to Martin is in this sorte Firste draw them ryghte downe in the mydst with a hote Iron from the rote of the eare so farre as the tippe of the eare wil reach being pulled downe and vnder the roote againe drawe two strykes on eche syde lyke an arrowe heade in this forme then in the midst of the first lyne launce them with a launcet and taking holde of the kirnelles with a payre of Pynsons pull them so farre forwarde as you may cut the kirnelles out without hurting the vayne that done fill the hole with white salt But Hierocles would haue them to be cured in this sorte Take a piece of Sponge sowsed well in strong Uineger binde that to the sore renuing it twice a day vntill it hath rotted the kirnelles that done launce it in the nethermoste parte where the matter lyeth and let it out and then fill it vp with salte finely brayed and the nexte day washe all the filth away with warme water and annoynte the place with Hony and Fytch flower myngled together But beware you touche none of the kirnelles with your bare finger for feare of venoming the place which is very apt for a Fistula to breede in Of the cancorous Ulcer in the nose The .xxxvii. Chapter THIS disease is a fretting humor eating and consuming the fleshe and making it all rawe within and not being holpen in tyme will eate thorow the gristle of the nose It commeth of a corrupt bloude or else of sharpe hunger ingendred by meanes of some extreme cold The signes be these He will bleede at the nose and all the fleshe within wil be rawe and filthy stinking sauours and matter will come out at his nose The cure according to Martin is thus Take of grene Corporas of Alom of eche one pounde of whyte Corporas one quarterne and boyle these in a Pottell of running water vntill a pynte be consumed then take it of and put thervnto halfe a pynte of hony then cause his heade to be holden vp with a drinking staffe and squirt into his nosetrilles with a squirte of Brasse or rather of Elder some of this water being luke warme thre or foure tymes one after another but betwixt euery drinking giue him libertye to holde downe his heade and to blowe out the fylthy matter for otherwyse perhappes you may choke hym And after this it shall be good also without holding vp his heade any more to washe and rub hys nosetrilles with a fyne cloute bounde to a whyte stickes ende and wet in the water aforesayde and serue him thus once a day vntill he be whole Of bléeding at the nose The .xxxviii. Chapter I Haue seene horses my selfe that haue bledde at the nose which haue had neyther sore nor Ulcer in their nose and therfore I can not choose but say wyth the Phisitians that it commeth by meanes that the vayne which endeth in that place is eyther opened broken or fretted It is opened many tymes by meanes that bloud aboundeth to muche or for that it is to fyne or to subtill and so pearceth thorow the vayne Againe it may be broken by some vyolent strayne cutte or blowe And finally it may be fretted or gnawen through by the sharpnesse of the bloude or else of some other euyll humor contayned therein As touching the cure Martin sayth it is good to take a pynte of redde Wyne and to put therein a quarterne of Bole Armeni beaten into fine powder and being made luke warme to poure the one halfe thereof the first day into his nosetril that bleedeth causing his heade to be holden vp so as the lyquor may not fall out and the next day to giue him the other half But if this preuayleth not then I for my parte woulde cause him to be lette bloude in the breast vayne on the same syde that he bledeth at seuerall tymes Then take Franconcense one ounce of Aloes halfe an ounce and beate them into fyne powder and mingle them thorowlye with the whytes of Egges vntill it be so thicke as Honye and wyth soft Hares hayre thruste it vppe into his nosetrill fylling the hole so full as it can not fall out or
else fyll his nosetrilles full of Asses dong or Hogges dong for eyther of them is excellent good to restrayne any flux of bloude Of the diseases in the mouth and first of bloody ryftes or Choppes in the palat of the mouth The .xxxix. Chapter THis disease is called of the Italians Palatina which as Laurentius Russius sayth commeth by eating hay or prouender that is full of pricking seedes which by continual pricking and fretting the forrowes of the mouth doe cause them to rancle and to blede corrupte and stinking matter which you shall quickly remedye as Martin sayth by washing first the sore places with Uinegar salte and then by annoynting the same with Hony Of the Bladders in a Horses mouth which our olde Ferrers were wont to call the Gigges The Italians call them Floncelle The .xl. Chapter THese be little softe swellinges or rather postules with black heades ▪ growing in the insyde of his lyppes next vnto the great Iaw teeth which are so paynefull vnto the horse as they make hym to let his meate fall out of his mouth or at the least to kepe it in his mouth vnchowed wherby the horse prospereth not Russius sayth that they come eyther by eating to muche colde grasse or else of pricking dusty and filthy prouender The cure wherof according to Martin is in this sort Slytte them with a launcet and thrust out all the corruption then wash the sore places with a little Uineger and salt or else with Alom water Of the Lampasse The .xli. Chapter THe Lampasse called of the Italians Lampastus proceedeth of the aboundance of bloude resorting to the firste forrowe of the mouth I meane that which is next vnto the vpper fore-teeth causing the sayd sorrow to swell so hye as the horses teeth so as he can not chowe his meate but is forced to let it fall out of his mouth The remedy is to cut all the superfluous fleshe away with a croked hote Iron made of purpose which euery smyth can doe Of the canker in the mouth The .xlii. Chapter THis disease as Martin sayth is a rawnesse of the mouth tongue which is full of blisters so as he can not eate his meat Which proceedes of some vnnaturall heate comming from the stomacke For the cure wherof Take of Alom halfe a pounde of Honye a quarterne of a pint of Colombine leaues of Sage leaues of ech a handefull Boyle all these together in thre pintes of water vntil a pinte be consumed and washe the sore places therwith so as it maye bleede continuing so to do euery day once vntill it be whole Of the heate in the mouth and lippes The .xliii. Chapter SOmetime the heate that commeth out of the stomacke breedeth no canker but maketh the mouth hote causeth the horse to forsake his meate The cure whereof as Martin sayth is in this sorte First turne vp his vpper lippe and iagge it lightlye with a Launcet so as it may blede and then washe both that and all his mouth tongue with vineger and salte Of the tongue being hurt with the Bytte or otherwise The .xliiii. Chapter IF the tongue be cut or hurt any maner of way Martin sayth it is good first to washe it with Alom water and then to take the leaues of blacke Brimble to chop them together small with a little Larde that done to bynde it within a little cloute making it round lyke a ball then hauing dypt the rounde ende in hony to rubbe the tongue therewith continuing so to doe once a day vntyll it be whole Of the Barbles or Pappes vnderneath the tongue The .xlv. Chapter THese be two little Pappes called of the Italians Barbole growing naturally as I thinke in euery horses mouth vnderneath the tongue in the neather Iawes whiche if they shoote out of any length Russius sayth that they will hinder the horses feeding and therefore he and Martin also would haue them to be clipt away with a payre of sheeres and that done the horses mouth to be washed with Uineger and Salte Of the payne in the téeth and gummes of the Wolfes téeth and Iaw téeth The .xlvi. Chapter A Horse may haue payne in hys teeth partly by discent of humors from his heade downe into his teeth and gummes which is to be perceyued by the ranknesse swelling of the gummes partly by hauing two extraordinary teeth called the Wolfes teeth whiche he two little teeth growing in the vpper Iawes nexte vnto the great grinding teeth which are so paynefull to the horse as he can not indure to chowe his meate but is forced eyther to lette it fall out of his mouth or else to kepe it still halfe chowed wherby the horse prospereth not but waxeth leane and poore and he will do the like also when his vpper Iawe teeth be so farre growen as they ouerhang the neather Iawe teeth and therwith be so sharpe as in mouing his Iawes they cut and race the insydes of his chekes euen as they were raced with a knife And first as touching the cure of the payne in the teeth that cōmeth by meanes of some distillation Vegetius sayth it is good to rubbe all the outsyde of his gummes with fine Chaulke strong Uineger mingled together or else after that you haue washed the gummes with Uineger to strow on them the powder of Pomegranate pilles But me thinkes that besydes this it were not amisse to stop the temple vaynes with the playster before mentioned in the Chapter of weping and waterish eyes The cure of the wolfes teeth and of the Iaw teeth according to Martin is in this sorte First cause the horse heade to be tyed vp to some Rafter or Poste and his mouth to be opened with a corde so wide as you may easelye see euery part therof Then take a rounde strong Iron toole halfe a yearde long and made at the one ende in all poyntes lyke vnto the Carpenters Gouge wherewith he pearceth his holes to be bored with a Wimble or Awgor and with your lefte hande sette the edge of your toole at the foote of the Wolfes teeth on the outsyde of the Iawe turnyng the hollow syde of the toole downewarde holding your hand steadely so as the toole may not slippe nor swarue from the foresayde tooth then hauing a mallet in your right hande stryke vpon the head of the toole one prety blow and therwith you shall loosen the tooth and cause it to bend inward then staying the middest of your toole vppon the horses neather Iaw wrinch the tooth outwarde with the insyde or hollow syde of the toole thrust it cleane out of his heade that done serue the other Wolfes tooth on the other syde in lyke maner and fyll vp the empty places with salte finelye brayed But if his vpper Iawe teeth doe also ouerhang the neather teeth and so cutte the insyde of his mouth as is aforesayd then keping his mouth still open take your toole and Mallet pare all those
teeth shorter running alongst them euen from the first vnto the laste turning the hollow syde of your toole towards the teeth so shal not the toole cut the insides of his cheekes the backe or rounde syde being turned towarde the foresayde cheekes and that done washe all his mouth with Uineger and salte and let him goe Why the diseases in the necke wythers and backe be declared here before the diseases in the throte The .xlvii. Chapter HAuing hytherto spoken of the diseases incident to a horses heade and to all the partes therof Naturall order requireth that we should now discend into the throte as a parte next adiacent to the mouth But for so much as the diseases in the throte haue not onely affinity with the heade but also with the Lunges and other inwarde partes whiche are many tymes grieued by meanes of distillation comming from the head and through the throte I will first speake of the diseases incident to the necke wythers and backe of a horse to the intent that when I come to talke of diseases as Rheumes and distillations doe cause I may discourse of them orderlye without interruption Of the Crycke in the necke The .xlviii. Chapter BYcause a Crycke is no other thing but a kinde of Convulsion and for that we haue spoken sufficientlye before of all the kindes thereof in the Chapter of Convulsion I purpose not here therfore to trouble you with many wordes But onely shew you Russius opinion and also Martins experience therein The Crycke then called of the Italians Scima or Lucerdo according to Russius yea and according to Martin is when the horse can not tourne his necke anye maner of way but holde it still right forth in so muche as he can not take his meate from the grounde but by tymes and that very slowlye Russius sayth it commeth by meanes of some great wayght layd on the horses shoulders or else by ouer much drying vp of the Synewes in the necke The cure wherof according to Martin is in this sorte Drawe him with a hote iron from the roote of the eare on both sydes of the necke through the middest of the same euen downe to the breast a strawe depe so as both endes may meete vpon the breast Then make a hole in his forheade hard vnder the foretoppe and thruste in a cornette vpwarde betwixt the skinne and the fleshe a handfull deepe then put in a goose feather doubled in the midest and annoynted with Hogs greace to kepe the hole open to the intent the matter may runne out the space of ten dayes But euery day during that tyme the hole muste be clensed once and the Feather also clensed and freshe annoynted and so put in agayne And once a day let him stande vppon the bitte one houre or two or be ridden two or thre Myles abrode by such a one as will beare his heade and make him to bring it in But if the Crycke be such as the horse can not hold his necke strayght but clene awry as I haue sene dyuers my selfe then I thinke it not good that the horse be drawen with a hote Iron on both sydes of the necke but onely on the contrary syde As for example if he bende his heade toward the right syde then to drawe him as is aforesayde onely on the left syde and to vse the rest of the cure as is aboue sayde and if nede be you may splent hym also with handesome staues meete for the purpose to make his necke stand ryght Of Wennes in the necke The .xlix. Chapter A Wen is a certayne kyrnell like tumor or swelling the insyde whereof is harde lyke a grystell and spongious lyke a skinne full of Wrettes Of Wens some be great some be small Againe some be very paynefull and some not paynefull at all The Phisitians say that they procede of grosse and vicious humors but Vegetius sayth that they chaunce to a horse by taking colde or by drinking of waters that be extreme colde The cure according to Martin is thus Take of Mallowes Sage and redde Netels of eche one handfull boyle them in running water and put thervnto a little butter and hony and when the hearbes be soft take them out and all to brouse them and put thervnto of oile of Bay two ounces and two ounces of Hogges greace and warme them together ouer the fire mingling them well together that done playster it vpon a pece of Leather so bygge as the Wen and lay it to so hote as the horse may indure it renuing it euery day in such sort the space of eyght dayes and if you perceyue that it will come to no heade then launce it from the middest of the Wen downewarde so depe as the matter in the bottom may be discouered and lette out that done heale it vp with this salue Take of Turpentyne a quarterne and washe it nine tymes in fayre newe water then put therevnto the yolke of an Egge and a little Englishe Saffron beaten in powder and make a taynt or rowle of Flax and dippe it in that oyntment and lay it vnto the sore renuing the same euerye day once vntill it be whole Of swelling in the necke after bloud letting The .l. Chapter THis may come of the Flegme being rustye and so causing the vayne to rancle or else by meanes of some colde winde striking sodenlye into the hole The cure according to Martin is thus First annoynt it with oyle of Camomill warmed and then lay vpon it a lyttle hay wet in colde water and binde it about with a cloth renuing it euery day the space of fiue or syx dayes to see whether it will grow to a heade or else vanishe away If it growe to a heade then giue it a slytte wyth a Launcet and open it with a Cornet that the matter may come out Then heale it vp by taynting it with Flaxe dypt in Turpentine and Hogs greace molten together dressing it so once a day vntill it be whole Howe to staunch bloude The .li. Chapter IF a horse be lette bloude when the sygne is in the necke the vayne perhaps will not leaue bleeding so sone as a man would haue it which if any such thing chaunce then Russius sayth it is good to binde therevnto a little newe horsedong tempred with chaulke and strong Uineger and not to remoue it from thence the space of three dayes or else to lay thervnto burnt Sylke Felt or Cloth for all such thinges will staunch bloud Of the falling of the Crest The .lii. Chapter THis commeth for the most part of pouertye and specially when a fatte horse falleth away sodenlye The cure according to Martin is thus Drawe his Creast the depenesse of a strawe on the contrary syde with a hote yron the edge of whiche yron would be halfe an ynch brode and make your beginning and ending somewhat beyond the fall so as the first draught may go all the way hard vpon the edge of the mayne euen vnderneath the
rotes of the same bearing your hande righte downewarde into the neckewarde then aunswere that with an other draught beneath so farre dystante from the first as the fall is brode compassing as it were all the fall but styll on the contrary side and betwixt those two draughtes right in the middest draw a thirde draught then with a button yron of an ynche about burne at eche ende a hole and also in the spaces betwixt the draughtes make dyuers holes distant thre fingers brode one from an other as this figure doth shew you that done to slake the fire annoynt it euerye day once for the space of nine dayes with a Feather dipt in fresh butter molten Then take of Mallowes and of Sage of eche one handful boyle them wel in running water and washe the burning away vntill it be rawe fleshe Then dry it vp with this powder Take of Hony halfe a pynte so muche slect Lyme as will make that hony thycke lyke paast Then holde it in a fyre pan ouer the fyre vntyll it be baken so harde as it may be made in powder sprincle that vpon the sore places Of the maunginesse in the Mayne The .liii. Chapter THe Maungynesse procedes of rancknesse of bloude or of pouertye of lowsynesse or else of rubbing where a Maungy horse hath rubbed and of filthy dust lying in the Mayne for lacke of good dressing The sygnes be aparaunt by the ytching and rubbing of the horse and the scabbes fretting both flesh and skinne The cure according to Martin is thus Take of fresh greace one pounde of Quicksyluer halfe an ounce of Brimstone one ounce of Rape Oyle halfe a pynte mingle them togyther and sturre them continually in a pot wyth a sclyce vntill the Quicksyluer be so wrought with the rest as you shall perceyue no Quicksyluer therin That done take a blunt knyfe or an olde horse-combe and scratch all the maungy places therwith vntill it be rawe and bloudy and then annoynt it with this oyntment in the sunne shine if it may be to the intente the oyntment maye sinke in or else holde before it a fyre pan or some brode barre of Iron made hote to make the oyntment to melte into the flesh And if you se that within the space of thre dayes after with this once annointing he leaue not rubbing then mark in what place he rubbeth and dresse that place agayne and you shall see it heale quicklye Of the falling of the haire of the Mayne The .liiii. Chapter IT falleth for the most part bycause it is eaten with little wormes fretting the rootes in sunder whiche according to Martin you shall remedye in this sorte Annoynt the mayne and creast with Sope then make strong Lye washe all the mayne and creast withall and that will kill the wormes within twice or thrice washing Of griefes in the Wythers The .lv. Chapter TO a horses Wythers and backe doe chaunce manye griefes and sorances whiche as Russius sayth doe sometyme procede of inwarde causes as of the corruption of humors and somtime of outward causes as through the galling and pinching of some naughty saddle or by some heauy burthen layd on the horses back or such like And of such griefes some be but superficiall blisters swellinges lyghte galles or brousinges and be easelye cured Some againe doe pearce to the verye bone and be daungerous and specially if they be nigh the backe bone let vs first then shewe you the cure of the smaller griefes and then of the greater Of Blystringes or small swellinges in the wythers or backe and of gallings The .lvi. Chapter WHen so euer you se any swelling ryse then Martin woulde haue you to bind a little hote horse dong vnto it and that will asswage it If not then to prycke it rounde about the swelling eyther with a fleame or else with a sharpe poynted knife not to deepe but so as it may pearce the skinne and make the bloud to issue forth That done Take of Mallowes or else of Smallage two or thre handfull and boyle them in running water vntill they be so soft as pappe Then strayne the water softlye from it and brose the hearbes in a Treane dishe putting thervnto a lyttle Hogs greace or else Salet oyle or shepes Sewet or any other fresh greace boyle them and stur them together not frying them harde but so as it may be softe and souple and then with a clout lay it warme vpon the sore renuing it euery day once vntill the swelling be gone For this will eyther dryue it away or else bring it to a head which lyghtly chaunceth not vnlesse there be some gristle or bone perished Russius biddeth you so sone as you see any swelling rise to shaue the place with a Rasor and to lay therevnto this playster Take a little wheate floure and the whyte of an Egge beaten together and spread it on a Linnen cloute whiche being layd vnto the swelling two or three dayes and not remoued wyll bryng it to a heade and when you come to take it of pul it away so softly as you can possibly and where as you se the corruption gathered together then in the lowest place thereof pearce it vpwarde with a sharp yron somewhat hote that the corruption may come out and annoynt the sore place euery day once with freshe butter or Hogges greace But if the skinne be only chaufed of without any swelling then washe the place with water and salte or else wyth warme wyne and sprincle this powder theron Take of vnsleyet Lyme â–ª a quantitye beaten in to fyne powder and mingle it with hony vntill it be so thick as Paast and make rolles or balles therof and bake them in a fyre panne ouer the fyre vntill they be so hard as they may be brought to powder for this is a very good powder to dry vp any galling or sore The powder of Mirre or burnt Silk Felt or cloth or of any olde post is also good for suche purposes but when so euer you vse this powder of Lyme and Hony let the place he first washed as is aforesaid Of greate swellinges and inflamations in a horses Wythers The .lvii. Chapter IF the swelling be very greate then the cure according to Martin is thus First draw rounde about the swelling with a hote yron and then crosse hym him with the same yron in this maner then take a rounde hote yron hauing a sharpe poynte and thrust it into the swelling place on ech side vpwarde toward the poynt of the Wythers to the intente that the matter may issue downewarde at both the holes That done taynt both the holes firste with a taint dipt in Hogges greace to kyll the fyre and also annoynt all the other burnt places therewith continuing so to doe vntill the swelling be aswaged renuing the taints euery day once vntill the fiery matter be fallen away and then taint him againe with washed Turpentyne mingled with yolkes of Egges and Saffron in such maner as
moderately the space of .xv. dayes during which time he may not sturre out of his place but onely to lye downe and euery day once refresh the shoulder point with this charge laying stil new vpō the old at the .xv. dayes end lead him abrode to see how he goeth and if he be somewhat amended then let him rest without trauayling the space of one month and that shall bring his shoulder to perfection But if he be neuer the better for all this that is done then it shall be nedefull to rowel him with a leather rowell vpon the shoulder poynt and to kepe him rowelled the space of .xv. dayes renning the rowell and clensing the wound euery other day and then walke him vp and downe fayre and softly and turne him alwayes on the contrary syde to the sore and when he goeth vpright pull out the rowell and heale the wound with a taynt of Flaxe dipt in Turpētyne and Hogges grease molten together And if all this will not serue then it shal be nedefull to drawe him chequorwise with a hote yron ouer all the shoulder poynte and also to make him to drawe in a plough euery day two houres at the least to settle his ioyntes for the space of three weekes or a month and if any thing wil helpe him these two laste remedies will helpe him and make him to go right vp agayne Of splayting of the shoulder The Cxij Chapter THis commeth by some daungerous slyding or slipping wherby the shoulder parteth from the breast and so leaues an open rift not in the skin but in the flesh and filme next vnder the skinne and so he halteth and is not able to go you shall perceyue it by trayling his legge after him in his going The cure according to Martin is thus First put a payre of strait pastornes on his forefete keping him still in the stable without disquieting him Thē take of Dialthea one pounde of Sallet Oyle one pynte of Oyle de Bays halfe a pounde of freshe butter halfe a pound Melte all these things together in a Pipkin and annoynt the grieued place therwith and also roūd about the insyde of the shoulder and within two or thre dayes after both that place and all the shoulder besydes will swell Then eyther pricke him with a launcet or fleame in al the swelling places or els with a lyttle sharpe hote yron made in this sorte the heade whereof would be an ynch long to the intente that the corruption may runne out and vse to annoynt it still with the oyntment aforesayde But if you see that it will not goe away but swell still and gather to a heade then launce it where the swelling doth gather most is softe vnder the finger then taint it with flax dipt in this ointment Take of Turpentine and of Hogges grease of ech two ounces and melt them together renuing the taynt twyce a day vntill it be whole Of the shoulder pight The Cxiij Chapter THat is when the shoulder poynt or pitch of the shoulder is displaced which grief is called of the Italians Spallato it cōmeth by reason of some great fal forwarde rush or strain The sygnes be these That shoulder point wil stick out further then his fellow and the horse will halte right downe The cure according to Martin is thus First make him to swime in a depe water vppe and and downe a dosen turnes and that shall make the ioynt to returne to his place Then make two tough pinnes of Asshen woode as much as your little finger sharpe at the poyntes eche one fiue ynches lōg That done slitte the skin an ynch aboue the point and an inche beneath the point of the shoulder and thrust in one of the pinnes from aboue downward so as both endes may equallye sticke without the skin And if the pin of woode will not easely passe through you may make it way firste with an yron pin That done make other two holes crosse to the first holes so as the other pin may crosse the first pyn right in the midst with a right crosse and the firste pyn woulde be somewhat flatte in the midst to the intente that the other being rounde may passe the better without stoppe and close the iuster together Then take a piece of a little lyne somewhat bigger then a whipcorde and at one ende make a loope which being put ouer one of the pins endes winde the reast of the Lyne good and strait about the pinnes endes so as it may lye betwixt the pins endes and the skin and fasten the laste ende with a packe nedle and a packe threede vnto the rest of the cord so as it may not slippe and to do well both the prickes and the corde woulde be first annointed with a little Hogges greace Then bring him into the stable and let him rest the space of nine dayes but let him lye downe as lyttle as may be and putte on a pastorne on the sore legge so as it may be bounde with a corde vnto the foote of the maunger to kepe that leg alwayes whilst he standeth in the stable more forwarde then the other And at the .ix ▪ dayes ende take out the prickes and annoint the sore places with a little Dialthea or with Hogs greace and then turne him to grasse Of the swelling of the forelegs after great labour The Cxiiij Chapter GReat labour and heat causeth humors to resort down into the legs making them to swel The cure wherof according to Martin is thus Bathe them with buttered beere or else with this bath here folowing Take of mallowes three handeful a Rose Cake of Sage one handefull Boyle them together in a sufficient quātity of water and when the Mallows be soft put in halfe a pound of butter and halfe a pinte of Sallet oyle and then being somewhat warme washe the swelling therewith euery day once the space of thre or foure dayes And if the swelling will not goe away with this then take wyne lyes and Cumin boyle them together put thervnto a little wheate flower and charge all the swelling therewith and walke him often and if all will not serue then take vp the great vayne aboue the knee on the insyde suffering him not to bleede from aboue but al from beneath Of foundering in the forelegges The Cxv. Chapter THe cause of this griefe is declared before in the chapter of foūdering in the body whereas I shewed you that if a horse be foundered in the body the humors wyl immediately resort downe into his legges Martin sayth within the space of .xxiiij. houres and then the horse wil goe crowching al vpon the hinder legges his forelegges being so stiffe as he is not able to bowe thē The cure whereof according to Martin is in this sorte Garter eche legge immediately one handefull aboue the knee with a list good and harde and then walke him to chafe him and to put him in a heate and being somewhat warmed let him
with his owne stale or else with mans vrine then immediatly strowe vpon it the powder of burnt Oyster shelles continuing thus to do euery day once vntill it be whole Of an vpper attaynt or ouer reach vpon the backe synewe of the shanke somewhat aboue the ioynt The Cxviij Chapter THe Italians cal this sorance Attincto which is a paynefull swelling of the master synewe by meanes that the horse doth sometime ouerreach and strike that synewe with the toe of his hinder foote which causeth him to halte The sygnes be apparant by the swelling of the place by the horses halting The cure according to Martin is thus Washe the place with warme water and shaue of al the haire so farre as the swelling goeth and scarify euery part of the sore place lightly with the point of a Rasor that the bloud may issue sorth Then take of Cantharides and of Euforbium of eche halfe an ounce mingle them together with halfe a quarterne of Sope and with a sclice spread some of this oyntment ouer all the sore suffering hym to rest there as you dresse him for one half houre after and then you may carry him into the stable and there let him stand without litter and tyed as hath bene sayde before in the Chapter of the splent and the nexte day dresse him with the same oyntment once againe euen as you did before And the third day annoynt the place with freshe butter continuing so to do the space of .ix. dayes at the .ix. dayes ende make him this bathe Take of Mallowes three handfull a Rose Cake of Sage a handefull Boyle thē together in a sufficient quantity of water And when the Mallows be soft put in halfe a pound of butter halfe a pint of Sallet Oyle and then being somewhat warme washe the sore place therewith euery day once the space of three or foure dayes Of a neather taynt The Cxix Chapter THis is a little bladder ful of Ielly much lyke vnto a windgal not apparant to the eye but to the feling growing in the midst of the pastorne somewhat aboue the frushe It commeth by a strain or else by some wrinch or by an ouer reach and maketh the horse to halte The signes be these The neather ioynt towarde the fewterlock will be hote in the feeling and somewhat swollen The cure according to Martin is in this sorte Tye him aboue the ioynt with a list somewhat harde and that will cause the bladder to appeare to the eye Then launce it with a sharpe poynted knife and thruste out all the Ielly That done lay vnto it the whyte of an Egge and a little Salt beaten together and layd vpon flaxe or toawe and binde it fast vnto the sore renuing it once a day the space of foure or fiue dayes during which time let him rest and then you may boldely labour him Of an ouer reach vpon the heele The Cxx. Chapter THys is a cutte so as the skin hangs downe at the heele made with the toe of the hinder fote and is apparant to the eye and it will cause the horse somewhat to halte The cure whereof according to Martin is thus Cut away the skin that hangeth downe and binde vnto it a little flaxe dipte in the whyte of an Egge mingled with a little bole Armeny renuing it euery day once the space of three or foure dayes and that will heale it Of false quarters The Cxxi Chapter THis is a rifte sometyme in the outsyde but most commonly in the insyde of the houe bycause the insyde is euer the weaker parte which sydes are commonly called quarters and therof this sorance taketh his name and is called a false quarter that is to say a crased or vnsoūd quarter which name in dede is borowed of the Italians calling it in their tong Falso quarto It commeth by euill shooing and partly by euill paring The sygnes be these The horse will for the moste part halt and the rifte will bleede and is apparant to the eye The cure according to Martin is thus If the horse halte then pull of the shooe and cut so much away on that syde of the shooe where the grief is as the shooe being immediately put on againe the rift may be vncouered Then open the rift with a rosenette or drawer fill all the rift with a rowle of toawe dipte in Turpentyne Waxe and sheepes sewet molten together renuing it euery day once vntill it be whole And the rifte being closed in the toppe drawe him betwixte the haire and the houe with a hote Iron ouerthwart that place to the intent that the houe may shote al whole downeward and when the horse goeth vprighte ryde him wyth no other shooe vntill his houe be thorowly hardened again But as touching shooes for false quarters you shall haue the order of making of them declared vnto you hereafter in the end of this booke Of halting behinde and where the griefe is The Cxxij Chapter IF a horse halte behynde the griefe must eyther be in the hyppe in the stiffle in the houghe in the hamme in the legge in the neather ioynt pastorne or foote if he halte in the hip of a newe hurt the horse will goe sydeling and not follow so well with that legge as with the other But if it be olde hurte the sore hippe wil shrinke and be lower then the other and is best seene when he goeth vp a hill or vpō the edge of some banke so as the worste legge may goe on the higher syde for then he will halt so much the more bycause it is paynefull vnto hym to go so vneuenly wrinching his legge If the griefe be in the stiffle then the horse in his going will cast the stiffle ioynt outwarde and the bone on the inside wyll be farre bigger than the other If the griefe be in the hough then it is by meanes of some spauen or some other hurte apparant to the eye And the lyke may be sayd of the hamme wherein may be seene the selandre or such lyke apparant sorance causing the horse to halte If the griefe be eyther in the legge pastorne or foote then you shal finde it by such sygnes as haue bene taught you before And therfore let vs nowe speake of those sorances that are properly incident to the hinder legges Of a horse that is hipped or hurt in the hippes The Cxxiij Chapter THe horse is sayde to be hipte whē the hip bone is remoued out of his right place which griefe is called of the Italians Mal del aucha It cōmeth most cōmonly by some great stripe or strain slypping slyding or falling The signes be these The horse wyll halte and in his going he will goe sydeling and the sore hyp will fall lower than the other and the flesh in proces of time wyll consume cleane away And if it be suffred to runne so long it will neuer be restored vnto his pristine estate The best way as Martin sayth to make him go
pastornes and there tye the cloute fast Let his diet be thinne and let him drinke no colde water and gyue him in winter wet hay and in sōmer grasse Of the drie Spauen The Cxxvi. Chapter THe drye spauen called of the Italians Spauano or Sparauagno is a great harde knobbe as bygge as a Walnut growing in the insyde of the hough harde vnder the ioynte nighe vnto the mayster vayne and causeth the horse to halte which sorance commeth sometime by kinde bicause the horses parents perhaps had the like disease at the time of his generation somtime by extreme labor heat dissoluing humors which do discend through the master vaine continually feding that place with euil nutrimēt causeth that place to swell Which swelling in cōtinuance of time becōmeth so hard as a bone and therfore is called of some the bone Spauē It nedeth no signes to know it bicause it is apparant to the eye most Ferrers do take it to be incurable Notwithstāding Martin sayth that it may be made lesse with these remedies here following Wash it with warm water and shaue of the haire so far as the swelling extendeth and scarifie the place so as it may blede Then take of Cantharides one dosen and of Euforbium halfe a sponefull breake them in pouder and boyle them together wyth a little oyle de Bay and wyth two or three feathers bounde together put it boyling hote vpon the sore and let his taile be tide vp for wyping away the medicine and then within halfe an houre after sette him vp in the stable and tie him so as he may not lie downe all that nyghte for feare of rubbing of the medicine and the nexte day annoynt it wyth fresh butter continuing thus to doe euery day once the space of fyue or syx dayes and when the haire is growen agayne drawe the sore place with a hote yron in this sort Then take another hote sharpe yron like a bodkyn somewhat bowing at the poynt thrust yt in at the neather ende of the middle line and so vpwarde betwixte the skinne and the fleshe an ynch and a halfe And then taynte it wyth a little Turpentine and hogs grease molten togither and made warme renuing it euery day once the space of nine dayes But remember fyrst immediatly after his burning to take vp the mayster vayne suffring him to bleede a little from aboue and tye vp the vpper ende of the vaine and leaue the neather ende open to the intent that he may bleede frō beneath vntill it ceasse of it selfe and that shall diminish the Spauen or else nothing wyll do it Of the wette Spauen or through Spauen The Cxxvij Chapter THis is a softe swelling growing on both sydes of the hough and seemes to goe cleane through the hough and therefore may be well called a throughe Spauen But for the most part the swelling on the in side bicause it is cōtinually fed of the maister vaine is greater than the swelling on the outsyde The Italians call this sorance La ierda or gierdone which semeth to come of a more fluxible humour not so viscouse or slimy as the other Spauen doth and therefore this waxeth not so harde nor groweth to the nature of a bone as the other doth and this is more curable than the other It neede no sygnes bycause it is apparant to the eye and easy to knowe by the discription therof before made The cure according to Martin is thus Firste wash shaue and scarifie the place as before Thē take of Cantharides halfe an ounce of Euforbium one ounce broken to pouder and of oyle de Bay one ounce Myngle them well together colde wythout boyling them and dresse the sore therewyth two dayes together and euery day after vntil the haire be growen agayne annoynt it wyth freshe butter Then fire him both without and within as before wythout taynting him and immediately take vp the master vayne as before And then for the space of nine dayes annoynte him euery day once wyth butter vntill the fyered place beginne to skale and then wash it with this bath Take of Mallowes three handfuls of Sage one handfull as much of redde nettels boyle them in water vntill they be softe and put thervnto a little fresh butter and bath the place euery day once for the space of three or foure dayes and vntil the burning be whole let the horse come in no wette Of the Selander The Cxxviij Chapter THis is a kinde of Scabbe breeding in the ham which is the bente of the hough and is lyke in all poyntes to the Malandre proceeding of lyke causes and requireth like cure and therefore resorte to the Chapter of the Malander Of the Hough bonny The Cxxix Chapter THis is a round swelling bonny like a Paris ball growing vpon the very typpe or elbowe of the Hough therefore I thought good to cal it the Hough bonny This sorance commeth of some strype or bruse and as Martin sayth is cured thus Take a rounde yron somewhat sharpe at the ende like a good bygge bodkyn and let it be somewhat bending at the poynt Then holding the sore wyth your left hande pulling it somewhat frō the synnewes pearce it with the yron being fyrste made red hote thrusting it beneath in the bottom and so vpward into the ielly to the intent that the same ielly may issue downewarde out at the hole and hauing thrust out all the ielly taynte the hole wyth a taynt of flax dypt in Turpentine hogges grease molten together and also annoynt the outsyde wyth hogs grease made warme renuing it euery day once vntyll the hole be ready to shutte vp making the taint euery day lesser and lesser to the intent it may heale vp Of the Curbe The Cxxx. Chapter THis is a long swelling beneath the elbow of the hough in the great synewe behinde causeth the horse to halte after that he hath bene a while laboured and thereby somewhat heated For the more the synew is strayned the greater griefe which agayne by rest is eased This cōmeth by bearing some great wayght whē the horse is yong or else by some straine or wrinch wherby the tender synewes are grieued or rather bowed as Russius sayth whereof it is called in Italian Curba a Curuando that is to say of bowing for anguish whereof it doth swel and such swelling is apparant to the eye and maketh that leg to shewe bygger than the other The cure according to Martin is thus Take of wine lees a pinte and a porringer ful of wheate flowre of Comin half an oūce and stir them well together being made warme charge the sore place therewith renuing it euery day once the space of three or foure dayes and whē the swelling is almoste gone then drawe it with a hote yron in this sort and couer the burning wyth Pytch Rosen molten together and layde on good warme and clappe thereon some flocks of his owne colour or so