stirreup the appetite resist the venemous quality and putrefaction of the humours restraine the heat of the Feaver and prohibit the corruption of the meates in the stomacke Although that those that have a more weake stomacke and are endued with a more exact sense and are subject to the Cough and diseases of the Lungs must not use these unlesse they be mixed with Sugar and Cynamon If the patient at any time be fed with sodden meats let the brothes be made with Lettuce Purslaine Succory Borage Sorrell Hops Buglosse Cresses Burnet Marigolds Chervill the cooling Seeds french Barly and Oatmeale with a little Saffron for Saffron doth engender many spirits and resisteth poyson To these opening roots may be added for to avoid obstruction yet much broath must be refused by reason of moisture The fruit of Capers eaten in the beginning of the Meale provoke the appetite and prohibit obstructions but they ought not to bee seasoned with over-much Oyle and Salt they may also with good successe bee put into Broaths Fishes are altogether to be avoyded because they soon corrupt in the Stomack but if the patient be delighted with them those that live in stony places must be chosen that is to say those that live in pure and sandy water about rocks and stones as are Trouts Pikes Pearches Gudgions and Cravises boyled in milk Wilks and such like And concerning Sea-fish he may be fed with Giltheads Gurnarts with all the kinds of Cod-fish Whitings not seasoned with salt and Turbuts Egges potched and eaten with the juice of Sorrell are very good Likewise Barly water seasoned with the graines of a tart Pomegranate and if the Feaver be vehement with the seeds of white Poppy Such Barly water is easie to be concocted and digested it cleanseth greatly and moistens and mollifieth the belly But in some it procures an appetite to vomit and paine of the head and those must abstaine from it But instead of barly water they may use pap and bread crummed in the decoction of a Capon For the second course let him have raisons of the Sunne newly sodden in Rose water with Sugar soure Damaske Prunes tart Cherries Pippins and Katharine Peares And in the latter end of the Meale Quinces roasted in the Embers Marmelate of Quinces and conserves of Buglosse or of Roses and such like may be taken or else this pouder following Take of Coriander seeds prepared two drams of Pearle Rose leaves shavings of Hatts-horne and Ivory of each halfe a dram of Amber two scruples of Cinamon one scruple of Unicornes horne and the bone in a Stagges heart of each half a scruple of Sugar of Roses foure ounces Make thereof a pouder and use it after meats If the patient be somewhat weake he must be fed with Gelly made of the flesh of a Capon and Veale sodden together in the water of Sorrell Carduus benedictus with a little quantity of Rose vinegar Cynamon Sugar and other such like as the present necessity shall seeme to require In the night season for all events and mischances the patient must have ready prepared broath of meats of good digestion with a little of the juice of Citrons or Pomegranates This restaurative that followeth may serve for all Take of the conserve of Buglosse Borage Violets Water-lillies and Succory of each two ounces of the pouder of the Electuary Diamargaritum Frigidum of the Trochisces of Camphire of each three drams of Citron seeds Carduus seeds Sorrell seeds the rootes of Diptamnus Tormentill of each two drammes of the broath of a young Capon made with Lettuce Purslaine Buglosse and Borage boiled in it sixe pints put them in a Lembecke of glasse with the flesh of two Pullets of so many Partridges and with fifteene leaves of pure gold make thereof a destillation over a soft fire Then take of the distilled liquor half a pint straine it through a woollen bagge with two ounces of white Sugar and halfe a dram of Cynamon let the patient use this when he is thirstie Or else put the flesh of one old Capon and of a legge of Veale two minced Partridges and two drammes of whole Cinamon without any liquor in a lembâ—â—ke of glasse well luted and covered and so let them boile in Balneo Mariae unto the perfect concoction For so the fleshes will bee boiled in their owne juice without any hurt of the fire then let the juice bee pressed out therehence with a presse give the patient for every dose one ounce of the juice with some cordiall waters some Trisantalum and Diamargaritum frigidum The preserves of sweet fruits are to bee avoided because that sweet things turne into choler but the confection of tart prunes Cherries and such like may bee fitly used But because there is no kinde of sickenesse that so weakens the strength as the plague it is alwaies necessary but yet sparingly and often to feed the patient still having respect unto his custome age the region and the time for through emptinesse there is great danger lest that the venemous matter that is driven out to the superficiall parts of the body should be called backe into the inward parts by an hungrie stomacke and the stomacke it selfe should beefilled with cholericke hot thin and sharp excrementall humours whereof commeth biting of the stomack and gripings in the guts CHAP. XXI What drinke the Patient infected ought to use IF the feaver be great and burning the patient must abstain from wine unlesse that he be subject to swouning and he may drinke the Oxymel following in stread thereof Take of faire water three quarts wherein boyle foure ounces of hony untill the third part bee consumed scumming it continually then strain it and put it into a cleane vessell and adde thereto four ounces of vinegar and as much cinamon as will suffice to give it a tast Or else a sugred water as followeth Take two quarts of faire water of hard sugar sixe ounces of cinamon two ounces strain it through a woollen bagge or cloth without any boiling and when the patient will use it put thereto a little of the juice of Citrons The syrupe of the juice of Citrons excelleth amongst all others that are used against the pestilence The use of the Julep following is also very wholsome Take of the juice of Sorrell well clarified halfe a pint of the juice of Lettuce so clarified foure ounces of the best hard sugar one pound boile them together to a perfection let them bee strained and clarified adding a little before the end a little vinegar let it be used betweene meales with boyled water or with equall portions of the water of Sorrell Lettuce Scabious and Buglosse or take of this former described Julep strained and clarified foure ounces let it be mixed with one pound of the forenamed cordiall waters and boile them together a little And when they are taken from the fire put thereto of yellow Sanders one dram of beaten Cinamon halfe a dram
Apothecarie had used too straite a ligature to his head and face for this straite ligature so pressed the sutures that the fuliginous vapoures which used to passe through them and the pores of the scull were stopped from passing that way besides the beating of the Arteries was intercepted and hindred by which meanes the paine and inflammation so encreased that his eyes were rent and broke in sunder and fell forth of their orbe Wherefore Hippocrates rightly commends an indifferent ligature also hee fitly wisheth us to let the emplaisters bee soft which are applyed to the head as also the cloathes wherewith it is bound up to bee of soft and thinne linnen or of Cotton or wooll When the patient is in dressing if there come much matter out of the wound you shall wish him if hee can to lye upon the wound and now and then by fits to strive to breathe stopping his mouth and nose that so the braine lifted and swollne upwards the matter may bee the more readily cast forth otherwise suffer him to lye so in his bed as he shall best like of and shal be least troublesome to him You may with good successe put upon the Crassa Meninx oyle of Turpentine with a small quantity of aqua vitae and a little Aloes and Saffron finely powdred to clense or draw forth the Sanies or matter Or else â„ž Mellis rosar â„¥ ij sarinae hord pulver aloes Mastich Ireos Florent an Ê’ss aquâ— vitae parum let them be incorporated together and make a detersive medicine for the foresayd use Sometimes also the Crassa Meninx is inflamed after Trepaning and swolne by a Phlegmon that impatient of its place it rises out of the hole made by the Trepan and lifts its selfe much higher than the scull whence greevous symptomes follow Wherefore to prevent death of which then wee ought to bee afraid wee must inlarge the former hole with our cutting mullets that the matter contained under the scull by reason of whose quantity the membraine swells may the more freely breathe and passe forth and then we must goe about by the prescript of the Phisition to let him bleed againe to purge and diet him The inflammation shall bee resisted by the application of contrary remedies as this following fomentation â„ž Sem. lini althae soen psillij ros rub an â„¥ j. solani plantag an M. j. bulliant in aqua tepida communi ex qua fiat fotus Anodyne and repelling medicines shall bee dropped into his eares when it is exceedingly swolne that the tumor may subside you shall cast upon it the meale or floure of lentills or vine leaves beaten with Goose grease With all which remedies if the tumor doe not vanish and withall you conjecture that there is Pus or matter contained therein then you must open the Dura Mater with your incision knife holding the point upwards and outwards for so the matter will be poured forth and the substance of the braine not hurt nor touched Many other Chirurgions and I my selfe have done this in many patients with various successe For it is better in desperate causes to try a doubtfull remedy than none at all also it oft times happens whither by the violence of the contusion and blow or concretion or clotting of the blood which is shed or the appulse of the cold ayre or the rash application of medicines agreeing neither in temper nor complexion with the Crassa Meninx or also by the putrifaction of the proper substance that the Dura Mater it selfe becomes blacke Of which symptome the Chirurgion must have a great and speciall care Therefore that thou mayst take away the blacknesse caused by the vehemencie of the contusion you shall put upon it oyle of egges with a little Aqua Vitae and a small quantity of Saffron and Orris roots in fine powder you shall also make a â—omentation of discussing and aromaticke things boiled in water and wine and Vigoes Cerat formerly described shall bee applyed But if the harme come from congealed blood you shall withstand it with this following remedie â„ž Aquae Vitae â„¥ ij tritorumÊ’iiss croci ℈ 1. Mellis rosat Ê’jss sarcocol Ê’iij Leviter simul bulliant omnia de colatura infundatur quousque nigrities fuerit obliterata If this affect come by the touch of the ayre it shall bee helped with this following remedie â„ž Tereb ven â„¥ iij. Mellis ros â„¥ ij hordeiÊ’iij creci ℈ j. sarcocol Ê’ij vitaeÊ’ij Incorporentur simul bulliant paululum This remedy shall be used untill the blacknesse be taken away and the membrane recover its pristine colour But if this affect proceedes from the rash use of medicines it must bee helped by application of things contrary For thus the offence caused by the too long use of moyst and oyly medicines maybe amended by using catagmaticke cephalick powders but the heate and biting of acride medicines shal be mitigated by the contrary use of gentle things for both humide and acride things somewhat long used make the part looke blacke that truely by generating and heaping up filth but this by the burning and hardening heate But when such blacknesse proceedes from putrifaction Iohn de Vigo commends the following remedie â„ž aquae vitae â„¥ ij mellis rosat â„¥ ss But if the affect be growne so contumacious that it will not yeeld to this gentle remedy then this following will bee convenient R Aq. vitae â„¥ iij. mellis ros â„¥ j pulver Mercur. Ê’ij vnica ebullitione bulliant simul ad usum dictum Or â„ž aquae vit â„¥ iss syrup absinth mellis ro at an Ê’ij aegyptiaciÊ’ijss an.Ê’j. vini albi boni odoriferi â„¥ j. bulliant leviter omnia simul colentur ad usum dictum But if the force of the putrefaction be so stubborne that it will not yeeld to these remedies it will be helped with Agyptiacum made with plantaine water in steed of Vinegar used alone by its selfe or with the powder of Mercury alone by it selfe or mixt with the powder of Alome Neither must we bee afraid to use such remedies especially in this extreame disease of the Dura Mater for in Galens opinion the Crassa Meninx after the scull is Trepaned delights in medicines that are acride that is strong and very drying especially if it have no Phlegmon and this for two reasons the first is for that hard and dry bodies such as membranous bodies are be not easily affected unlesse by strong medicines the other is which must be the chiefe and prime care of the Physition to preserve and restore the native temper of the part by things of like temper to it But if the auditory passage not onely reaching to the hard membranes of the Braine but also touching the Nerve which descends into it from the braine suffer most vehement medicines though it be placed so neere certainely the Crassa Meninx will endure them farre more
strain it through a cloth when it is cold let it be given the patient to drink with the juice of Citrons Those that have accustomed to drink Sider Perry Beer or Ale ought to use that drink still so that it be clear transparent and thin and made of those fruits that are somwhat tart for troubled dreggish drink doth not only engender grosse humors but also crudities windiness and obstructions of the first region of the body whereof comes a feaver Oxycrate being given in manner following doth asswage the heat of the feaver and represse the putrefaction of the humours and the fiercenesse of the venome and also expelleth the water through the veines if so bee that the patients are not troubled with spitting of blood cough yexing and altogether weake of stomacke for such must avoyd all tart things Take of faire water one quart of white or red vinegar three ounces of fine Sugar foure ounces of syrup of Roses two ounces boile them a little and then give the patient there of to drinke Or take of the juice of Lemmons Citrons of each halfe an ounce of juice of soure Pomegranates two ounces of the water of Sorrell and Roses of each one ounce of faire water boyled as much as shall suffice make thereof a Julep and use it betweene meales Or take of Sirupe of Lemmons and of red Currance of each one ounce of the water of lillies foure ounces of faire water boyled halfe a pinte make thereof a Julep Ortake of the syrups of water Lillies and vinegar of each half an ounce dissolve it in five ounces of the water of Sorrell of faire water one pinte make thereof a Julep But if the patient be young and have a strong and good stomacke and cholericke by nature I thinke it not unmeet for him to drinke a full and large draught of fountaine water cold for that is effectuall to restraine and quench the heat of the Feaver and contrariwise they that drinke cold water often and a very small quantity at a time as the Smith doth sprinkle water on the fire at his Forge doe encrease the heat and burning and thereby make it endure the longer Therfore by the judgment of Celsus when the disease is in the chiefe encrease and the patient hath endured thirst for the space of three or four daies cold water must be given unto him in great quantity so that he may drink past his satiety that when his belly and stomacke are filled beyond measure and sufficiently cooled he may vomit Some doe not drinke so much thereof as may cause them to vomit but do drinke even unto satiety and so use it for a cooling medicine but when either of these is done the patient must bee covered with many cloaths and so placed that hee may sleepe and for the most part after long thirst and watching and after long fulnesse and long and great heat sound sleep commeth by which great sweat is sent out and that is a present helpe But thirst must sometimes be quenched with little pieces of Melons Gourds Cucumbers with the leaves of Lettuce Sorrell and Purslaine made moist or soked in cold water or with a little square piece of a Citron Lemmon or Orange macerated in Rose water sprinkled with Sugar and so held in the mouth and then changed But if the patient be aged his strength weak flegmatick by nature given to wine when the state of the Feaver is somewhat past and the chiefe heat beginning to asswage he may drink wine very much allayed at his meat for to restore his strength and to supply the want of the wasted spirits The patient ought not by any meanes to suffer great thirst but must mitigate it by drinking or else allay it by washing his mouth with oxycrate and such like and he may therein also wash his hands and his face for that doth recreate the strength If the fluxe or lask trouble him he may very well use to drinke steeled water and also boyled milke wherein many stones comming red hot out of the fire have beene many times quenched For the drynesse and roughnesse of the mouth it is very good to have a cooling moistening and lenifying lotion of the mucilaginous water of the infusion of the leeds of Quinces psilium id est Flea-wort adding thereto a little Camphire with the Water of Plantain and Roses then cleanse and wipe out the filth and then moisten the mouth by holding therein a little oile of sweete Almonds mixed with a little syrupe of Violets If the roughnesse breed or degenerate into Ulcers they must be touched with the water of the infusion of sublimate or Aqua fortis But because wee have formerly made frequent mention of drinking of water I have here thought good to speake somewhat of the choice and goodnesse of waters The choice of waters is not to be neglected because a great part of our diet depends thereon for besides that we use it either alone or mixed with wine for drink we also knead bread boile meat and make broaths therewith Many thinke that rain water which falls in summer and is kept in a cisterne well placed and made is the wholesomest of all Then next thereto they judge that spring water which runnes out of the tops of mountaines through rocks cliffes and stones in the third place they put Well water or that which riseth from the foots of hils Also the river water is good that is taken out of the midst or streame Lake or pond water is the worst especially if it stand still for such is fruitfull of and stored with many venemous creatures as Snakes Toads and the like That which comes by the melting of Snow and Ice is very ill by reason of the too refrigerating faculty and earthy nature But of spring and well waters these are to be judged the best which are insipide without smell colour such as are cleare warmish in winter and cold in summer which are quickly hot and quickly cold that is which are most light in which all manner pulse turneps and the like are easily and quickly boyled Lastly when as such as usually drink thereof have cleer voices and shrill their chests sound and a lively and fresh colour in their faces CHAP. XXII Of Antidotes to bee used in the Plague NOw we must treate of the proper cure of this disease which must bee used as soone as may be possible because this kinde of poyson in swiftnesse exceedeth the celerity of the medicine Therefore it is better to erre in this that you should think every disease to bee pestilent in a pestilent season and to cure it as the Pestilence because that so long as the Ayre is polluted with the seeds of the Pestilence the humours in the body are soone infected with the vicinity of such an ayre so that then there happeneth no disease voyd of the Pestilence that is to say which is not pestilent
the part otherwise it will burne and this medicine must bee made to the consistence of a pultis and applied warme first fomenting the part with warme water for then the haire will fall off by gentle rubbing or washing it with warme water but if there happen any excoriation thereupon you may helpe it by the use of unguentum rosatum or some other of the like faculty ℞ calcis viv aurip citrin an ℥ i. amyl spumae argent an ℥ ss terantur incorporentur cum aq com bulliant simul you shall certainly know that it is sufficiently boiled if putting thereinto a gooses quill the feathers come presently off some make into powder equall parts of unquencht lime and orpiment they tye them up in a cloath with which being steeped in water they besmear the part and within a while after by gently stroaking the head the haire falls away of it selfe The following waters are very fitting for to wash the hands face and whole body as also linnen because they yeeld a gratefull smell the first is lavander water thus to be made ℞ flor lavend. lb iv aq rosar vini alb an lb ii aq vitae ℥ iv misceantur omnia simul fiat distillatio in balneo Mariae this same water may also bee had without distillation if you put some lavander flowers in faire water and so set them to sunne in a glasse or put them in balneo adding a little oile of spike and muske Clove water is thus made ℞ caryoph ℥ ii aq rosar lb ii macerentur spatio xxiv horarum distillentur in balneo Mariae Sweet water commonly so called is made of divers odoriferous things put together as thus ℞ menthae majoranae hyssopi salviae rorismarini lavendulae an m ii radicis ireos ℥ ii caryophylorum cinamomi nncis moschatae ana ℥ ss limonum num iv macerentur omnia in aqua rosarum spatio viginti quatuor horarum distillentur in balneo Mariae addendo Moschi ℈ ss The End of the Twenty sixt Booke OF DISTILLATIONS THE TVVENTIEIGHTH BOOKE CHAP. I. What Distillation is and how many kinds thereof there be HAving finisht the Treatise of the faculties of medicines it now seemes requisite that we speake somewhat of Chymistry and such medicines as are extracted by fire These arc such as consist of a certaine fift essence separated from their earthy inpurity by Distillation in which there is a singular and almost divine efficacy in the cure of diseases So that of so great an aboundance of the medicines there is scarse any which at this day Chymists doe not distill or otherwise make them more strong and effectuall than they were before Now Distillation is a certaine art or way by which the liquor or humid part of things by the vertue and force of fire or some semblable heate as the matter shall seeme to require is extracted and drawne being first resolved into vapour and then condens'd againe by cold Some call this art Sublimation or subliming which signifies nothing else but to separate the pure from the unpure the parts that are more subtle and delicate from those that are more corpulent grosse and excrementitious as also to make those matters whose substance is more grosse to become more pure and sincere eyther for that the terrestriall parts are ill united and conjoyned or otherwise confused into the whole and dispersed by the heate and so carried up the other grosser parts remaining together in the bottome of the vessell Or a distillation is the extraction or effusion of moisture distilling drop by drop from the nose of the Alembecke or any such like vessells Before this effusion or falling downe of the liquor there goes a certaine concoction performed by the vertue of heate which separates the substances of one kind from those of another that were confusedly mixed together in one body and so brings them into one certaine forme or body which may be good and profitable for divers diseases Some things require the heate of a cleare fire others a flame others the heate of the Sunne others of Ashes or sand or the filings of Iron others horse dung or boyling water or the oiely vapour or steame thereof In all these kinds of fires there are foure considerable degrees of heate The first is conteined in the limits of warmth and such is warme water or the vapour of hot water The second is a little hotter but yet so as the hand may abide it without any harme such is the heate of Ashes The third exceeds the vehemency of the second wherefore the hand cannot long endure this without hurt and such is the heate of sand The fourth is so violent that it burneth any thing that commeth neare and such are the filings of Iron The first degree is most convenient to distill such things as are subtle and moist as flowers The second such as are subtle and dry as those things which are odoriferous and aromaticall as Cinnamon Ginger Cloves The third is fittest to distill such things are of a more dense substance and fuller of juice such as are some Roots and gumms The fourth is fit for mettalls and mineralls as Allum Vitrioll Amber Iet c. In like manner you may also distill without heate as wee use to doe in those things which are distilled by straining as when the more pure is drawne and separated from that which is most unpure and earthy as wee doe in Lac Virginale and other things which are strained through an hypocras bag or with a peece of cloath cut in the forme of a tongue or by setling or by a vessell made of Ivy wood sometimes also somethings may bee distilled by coldnesse and humidity and so we make the oile of Tartar Myrrhe and Vitriolls by laying them upon a marble in a cold and moist place CHAP. II. Of the matter and forme of Fornaces THe matter and forme of Fornaces uses to bee divers For some Fornaces use to bee made of brickes and clay othersome of clay onely which are the better and more lasting if so bee the clay bee fat and well tempered with whites of Egges and haire Yet in suddaine occasions when there is present necessity of distillation fornaces may be made of bricks so laid together that the joynts may not agree but be unequall for so the structure will be the stronger The best and fittest forme of a Fornace for distillation is round for so the heate of the fire carried up equally diffuses it selfe every way which happens not in a Fornace of another figure as square or triangular for the corners disperse and separate the force of the fire Their magnitude must bee such as shall bee fit for the receiving of the vessell For their thicknesse so great as necessity shall seeme to require They must be made with two bottomes distinguisht as it were into two forges one below which may receive the ashes of the coales or
divers times done with good successe But if it cannot be so done it will be better to put to your hand than through idlenesse to suffer the patient to remaine in imminent and deadly danger of strangling yet in this there must very great caution be used for the Chirurgeon shall not judge the Vvula fit to be touched with an instrument or caustick which is swolne with much enflamed or blacke blood after the manner of a Cancer but hee shall boldly put to his hand if it be longish grow small by litle and litle into a sharpe loose soft point if it be neither exceeding red neither swolne with too much blood but whitish and without paine Therefore that you may more easily and safely cut away that which redounds and is superfluous desire the patient to sit in a light place and hold his mouth open then take hold of the top of the Vvula with your sizers and cut away as much thereof as shall be thought unprofitable Other-wise you shall binde it with the instrument here under described the invention of this instrument is to be ascribed to Honoratus Tastellanus that diligent and learned man the Kings Physition in ordinary and the chiefe Physition of the Queene mother Which also may be used in binding of Polypi and warts in the necke of the Wombe The Deliniation of constrictory rings fit to twitch or binde the Columella with a twisted thred A. Shewes the ring whose upper part is some-what hollow B. A double waxed thred which is couched in the hollownesse of the ring and hath a running or loose knot upon it C. An iron rod into the eye whereof the fore-mentioned double thred is put and it is to twitch the Columella when as much thereof is taken hold of as is unprofitable and so to take it away without any fluxe of blood When you would straiten the thred draw it againe through this iron rod and so straine it as much as you shall thinke good letting the end of the thred hang out of the mouth But every day it must be twitched harder than other untill it fall away by meanes thereof and so the part and patient be restored to health I have deliniated three of these instruments that you may use which you will as occasion shall be offered A Figure of the Speculum oris by which the mouth is held and kept open whilest the Chirurgion is busied in the cutting away or binding the Vvula But if an eating ulcer shall associate this relaxation of the Vvula together with a fluxe of blood then it must be burnt and seared with an hot iron so thrust into a Trunke or Pipe with an hole in it that no sound part of the mouth may be offended therewith A hollow Trunke with a hole in the side with the hot iron inserted or put therein CHAP. VIII Of the Angina or Squinzy THe Squinancy or Squinzy is a swelling of the jawes which hinders the entring of the ambient aire into the weazon and the vapours and spirit from passage forth and the meate also from being swallowed There are three differences thereof The first torments the patient with great paine no swelling being outwardly apparent by reason the morbificke humor lyes hid behinde the almonds or Glandules at the Vertebrae of the necke so that it cannot be perceived unlesse you hold downe the tongue with a spatula or the Speculum oris for so you may see the rednesse and tumor there lying hid The patient cannot draw his breath nor swallow downe meate nor drinke his tongue likes Gray-hounds after a course hangs out of his mouth and he holds his mouth open that so hee may the more easily draw his breath to conclude his voyce is as it were drownd in his jawes and nose he cannot lye upon his backe but lying is forced to fit so to breathe more freely and because the passage is stopt the drinke flyes out at his nose the eyes are fiery and swollen and standing out of their orbe Those which are thus affected are often suddainely suffocated a foame rising about their mouthes The second difference is said to be that in which the tumor appeares inwardly but litle or scarse any thing at all outwardly the tongue Glandules and jawes appearing some what swollen The third being least dangerous of them all causes a great swelling outwardly but litle inwardly The Causes are either internall or externall The externall are a stroake splinter or the like things sticking in the Throat or the excesse of extreme cold or heat The internall causes are a more plentifull defluxion of the humors either from the whole body or the braine which participate of the nature either of blood choler or flegme but seldome of Melancholy The signes by which the kinde and commixture may be knowne have beene declared in the generall treatise of tumors The Squincy is more dangerous by how much the humor is lesse apparent within and without That is lesse dangerous which shewes it selfe outwardly because such an one shuts not up the wayes of the meate nor breath Some dye of a Squincy in twelue houres others in two foure or seven daies Those saith Hippocrates which scape the Squincy the disease passes to the lungs and they dye within seven dayes but if they scape these dayes they are suppurated but also often times this kind of disease is terminated by disappearing that is by an obscure reflux of the humor into some noble part as into the Lungs whence the Empyema proceeds and into other principall parts whose violating brings inevitable death sometimes by resolution otherwise by suppuration The way of Resolution is the more to be desired it happens when the matter is small and that subtle especially if the Physition shall draw blood by opening a veine and the patient use fitting Gargarismes A Criticall Squincy divers times proves deadly by reason of the great falling downe of the humor upon the throtle by which the passage of the breath is sodainely shut up Brothes must be used made with Capons and Veale seasoned with Lettuce Purslaine Sorrell and the cold seeds If the Patient shall be some what weake let him have potched Egges and Barly Creames the Barly being first boiled with Raisons in water and Sugar and other meates of this kinde Let him be forbidden wine in stead where of he may use Hydromelita and Hydrosachara that is drinkes made of water and Hony or water and Sugar as also the Syrupes of dryed Roses of Violets Sorrell and Limons and others of this kinde Let him avoide too much sleepe But in the meane time the Physition must be carefull of all because this disease is of their kinde which brooke no delayes Wherefore let the Basilica be presently opened on that side the tumor is the greater then within a short time after the same day for evacuation of the conjunct matter let the veine under the tongue be opened let cupping-Glasses
a certaine violent impetuosity which on every side pressing and bending the loosenesse of the Peritonaeum yea verily adjoyning themselves to it in processe of time by a firme adhesion intercept the passage and falling downe of the Gut or Kall which may seeme no more abhorring from reason than that we behold the loadstone it selfe through the thicknesse of a table to draw iron after it any way The same Chirurgion affirmed that he frequently and happily used the following medicine Hee burnt into ashes in an Oven red Snailes shut up in an earthen pot and gave the powder of them to little children in pappe but to those which were bigger in broath But we must despaire of nothing in this disease for the cure may happily proceede in men of full growth as of fortie yeare old who have filled the three demensions of the body as this following relation testifies There was a certaine Priest in the Parish of Saint Andrewes called Iohn Mâ—ret whose office it was to sing an Epistle with a loud voice as often as the solemnitie of the day and the thing required Wherefore seeing he was troubled with the Enterocele he came to me requiring helpe saying he was troubled with a grievous paine especially then when he stretched his voice in the Epistle The Figure of a man broken on the side wearing a Trusse whose bolster must have three Tuberosities two on the upper and one on the lower part and there must be a hollownesse betweene them in the middest that they may not too straitly presse the sharchone and so cause paine The manner of such a Trusse I found out not long agoe and it seemed better and safer than the rest for to hinder the falling aowne of the Gut and Kall A. Shewes the shoulder band which is tied before and behinde to the girdle of the Trusse B. The Trusse C. The Cavitie left in the midst of the Tuberosities When I had seene the bignesse of the Enterocele I perswaded him to get another to serve in his place so having gotten leave of M. Curio Clearke and Deacon of Divinity he committed himselfe unto me I handled him according unto Art and commanded him he should never goe without a Trusse and he followed my directions When I met him some five or sixe yeares after I asked him how he did he answered very well for he was wholy freed from the disease with which he was formerly troubled which I could not perswade my selfe of before that I had found that hee had told mee the truth by the diligent observation of his genitals But some sixe moneths after he dying of a Pleurisie I came to Curio's house where hee died and desired leave to open his body that I might observe whether nature had done any thing at all in the passage through which the gut fell down I call God to witnesse that I found a certaine fatty substance about the processe of the Peritonaeum about the bignesse of a little egge and it did sticke so hard to that place that I could scarce pull it away without the rending of the neighbouring parts And this was the speedy cause of his cure But it is most worthy of observation and admiration that Nature but a little helped by Art healeth diseases which are thought incurable The chiefe of the cure consists in this that we firmerly stay the gut in its place after the same manner as these two Figures shew Another Figure of a man having a Rupture on both sides shewing by what meanes what kinde of Trusse and what shoulder-band he must be bound on each groine A. Sheweth the shoulder-band divided in the middest for the putting through of the head B. The Trusse with two bolsters betweene which is a hole for putting through the yard The forme of both bolsters ought to be the same with the former In the meane time we must not omit diet We must forbidde the use of all things which may either relaxe dilate or breake the processe of the Peritonaeum of which I have already treated sufficiently Sometimes but especially in old men the guts cannot be restored into their place by reason of the quantity of the excrements hardened in them In this case they must not be too violently forced but the Patient must be kept in his bed and lying with his head low and his knees higher up let the following Cataplasmes be applied â„ž rad alth lil ana â„¥ ij seminis lini foenug an â„¥ ss sol malva viol parietan m. ss Let them be boiled in faire water afterwards beaten and drawne through a searse adding thereto of new Butter without falt and oyle of Lillies as much as shall suffice Make a Cataplasme in the forme of a liquid pultis Let it be applied hot to the Codde and bottome of the belly by the helpe of this remedy when it had beene applied all night the guts have not seldome beene seene of themselves without the hand of a Chirurgion to have returned into their proper place The windinesse being resolved which hindered the going backe of the excrements into another gut whereby they might be evacuated and expelled But if the excrements will not goe backe thus the flatulencies yet resisting and undiscussed an emollient and carminative Clyster is to be admitted with a little Chymicall oyle of Turpentine Dill Iuniper or Fennill Clysters of Muscadine oyle of Wallnuts and Aqua vitae and a small quantitie of any the aforesaid oyles are good for the same purpose It often happens that the guts cannot yet be restored because the processe of the Peritonaeum is not wide enough For when the excrements are fallen downe with the gut into the codde they grow hard by little and little and encrease by the accesse of flatulencies caused by resolution which cause such a tumor as cannot be put up through that hole by which a little before it fell downe whereby it happens that by putrifaction of the matter there contained come inflammations and a new accesse of paine and lastly a vomitting and evacuation of the excrements by the mouth being hindered from the other passage of the fundament They vulgarly call this affect Miscrere mei That you may helpe this symptome you must rather assay extreame remedies than suffer the Patient to die by so filthy and loathsome a death And we must cure it by Chirurgery after this manner following We will binde the Patient lying on his backe upon a Table or Bench then presently make an incision in the upper pard of the codde not touching the substance of the guts then we must have a silver Cane or Pipe of the thicknesse of a Goose quill round and gibbous in one part thereof but somewhat hollowed in the other as is shewed by this following Figure The Figure of the Pipe or Cane We must put it into the place of the incision and put it under the production of the Peritonaeum being cut together with the codde all the
its endeavours with suppurating Medicines CHAP. IX Of Convulsion by reason of a wound A Convulsion is an unvoluntary contraction of the Muscles as of parts moveable at our pleasure towards their originall that is the Braine and Spinall Marrow for by this the Convulsed member or the wholle body if the Convulsion be universall cannot be moved at our pleasure Yet motion is not lost in a Convulsion as it is in a Palsie but it is onely depraved and because sometimes the Convulsion possesseth the whole body otherwhiles some part thereof you must note that there are three kinds of Convulsions in Generall The first is called by the Greekes Tetanos when as the whole body growes stiffe like a stake that it cannot be moved any way The second is called Opisthotanos which is when as the whole body is drawn backwards The third is termed Emprosthotonos which is when the whole body is bended or crooked forwards A particular Convulsion is when as the Muscle of the Eye Tongue and the like parts which is furnished with a Nerve is taken with a Convulsion Repletion or Inanition Sympathy or consent of paine cause a Convulsion Abundance of humours cause Repletion dulling the body by immoderate eating and drinking and omission of exercise or any accustomed evacuation as suppression of the Hemorrhoids and Courses for hence are such like excrementions humours drawne into the Nerves with which they being replete and filled are dilated more than is fit whence necessarily becoming more short they suffer Convulsion Examples whereof appeare in Leather and Lute or Viol-strings which swolne with moysture in a wet season are broken by repletion Immoderate vomitings fluxes bleedings cause Inanition or Emptinesse wherefore a Convulsion caused by a wound is deadly as also by burning feavers For by these and the like causes the inbred and primigeneous humidity of the Nerves is wasted so that they are contracted like leather which is shrunke up by being held too neere the fire or as fidle strings which dryed with Summers heat are broken with violence such a Convulsion is incurable For it is better a Feaver follow a Convulsion than a Convulsion a Feaver as we are taught by Hippocrates so that such a Feaver bee proportionall to the strength of the convulsifique cause and the Convulsion proceede from Repletion for the abundant and grosse humour causing the Convulsion is digested and wasted by the feaverish heat The causes of a Convulsion by reason of paine are either the puncture of a Nerve whether it be by a thing animall as by the biting of a venemous beast or by a thing inanimate as by the prick of a needle thorne or pen-knife or great and piercing cold which is hurtfull to the wounds principally of the nervous parts whereby it comes to passe that by causing great and bitter paine in the nerves they are contracted towards their originall that is the Braine as if they would crave succour from their parents in their distressed estate Besides also an ill vapour carried to the braine from some putrefaction so vellicateth it that contracting it selfe it also contracteth together with it all the Nerues and Muscles as we see it happeneth in those which have the falling sicknesse By which it appeares that not onely the braine itselfe suffereth together with the Nerves but also the Nerves with the Braine The signes of a Convulsion are difficult painefull and depraved motions either of some part or of the whole body turning aside of the Eyes and whole Face a Contraction of the Lippes a drawing in of the Cheekes as if one laughed and an Vniversall sweat CHAP. X. The cure of a Convulsion THe cure of a Convulsion is to bee varied according to the variety of the Convulsive cause for that which proceeds from Repletion must be other-wise cured than that which is caused by Inanition and that which proceeds of paine otherwise than eyther of them For that which is caused by Repletion is cured by discussing and evacuating Medicines as by diet conveniently appointed by purging bleeding digestive locall Medicines exercise frictions sulphurious Baths and other things appointed by the prescription of some learned Physition which shall oversee the cure which may consume the superfluous and excrementitious humours that possesse the substance of the Nerves and habit of the body The locall remedies are Oyles Vnguents and Liniments with which the Neck Back-bone and all the contracted parts shall be annointed The Oyles are the Oyle of Foxes Bayes Camomill Wormes Turpentine of Costus of Castorcum The Oyntments are Vnguentum Arragon Agrippae de Althaea Martiatum This may be the forme of a Liniment ℞ Olei Chamaem Laurin ana ℥ ij Olei Vulp ℥ j. Vnguenti de Althaea Marti an ℥ ss Axungiae vulpis ℥ j. Aquae vitae ℥ j. ss Cerae quantum sufficit Make a Liniment for your use or ℞ Olei Lumbric de Spica de Castoreo ana ℥ iij. Axng. hum ℥ j. Sulphuris vivi ℥ ss Cerae quantū sufficit Make a Liniment or ℞ Vnguenti Martiati Agrip. an ℥ iij. Olei de Terebinth ℥ j. ss Olei Salvia ℥ ss Aquae vitae ℥ j. Cerae ℥ j. ss fiat linimentum But this disease is cured by slender diet and sweating with the Decoctions of Guiacum because by these remedies the grosse tough and viscide excrements which are in fault are digested A Convulsion proceeding of Inanition is to be cured by the use of those things which doe wholesomly and moderately nourish And therefore you must prescribe a diet consisting of meats full of good nourishment as broaths and cullices of Capons Pigeons Veale and Mutton boyling therein Violet and Mallow leaves Conserves must be ordained which may strengthen the debilitated powers and humect the habit of the body such as are the Conserves of Buglosse Violets Borage and water Lillies The following broath will be profitable ℞ Lactucae Buglos portul ana M. j. quatuor seminum frigid major an ℥ ss seminis Barberis ʒ j. Let them al be boiled with a Chicken and let him take the broath every morning If thirst oppresse him the following Iulep will be good ℞ Aquae rosar ℥ iv Aquae viol lb. ss Saccari albissimi ℥ vj. fiat Iuiep utatur in siti If the patient be bound in his body emollient and humecting Clysters shall bee appointed made of the decoction of a sheeps head and feet Mallowes Marsh Mallowes Pellitory of the wall Violet leaves and other things of the like faculty or that the remedy may be more ready and quickly made let the Clysters be of Oyle and Milke Topick remedies shall be Liniments and Bathes Let this be the example of a Liniment ℞ Olei Viol. Amygdal dulc ana ℥ ij Olei Lilior Lumbric ana ℥ j. Axungiae porci recentis ℥ iij. Cerae novae quantum sufficit fiat Linimentum with which let the whole spine and part affected be annointed This shall
The bones of children are more soft thin and replenished with a sanguine humidity than those of old men and therefore more subject to putrefaction Wherefore the wounds which happen to the bones of children though of themselves and their owne nature they may be more easily healed because they are more soft whereby it comes to passe that they may bee more easily agglutinated neither is there fit matter wanting for their agglutination by reason of the plenty of blood laudible both in consistence and quality than in old men whose bones are dryer and harder and so resist union which comes by mixture and their bloud is serous and consequently a more unfit bond of unitie and aggluâ—ination yet oft times through occasion of the symptomes which follow upon them that is putrefaction and corruption which sooner arise in a hot and moyst body and are more speedily encreased in a soft and tender they usually are more suspected and difficult to heale The Patient lives longer of a deadly fracture in the scull in Winter than in Summer for that the native heat is more vigorous in that time than in this besides also the humors putrifie sooner in Summer because unnaturall heat is then easily enflamed and more predominant as many have observed out of Hippocrates The Wounds of the braine and of the Meninges or membranes thereof are most commonly deadly because the action of the muscles of the chest and others serving for respiration is divers times disturbed intercepted whence death insues If a swelling happening upon a wound of the head presently vanish away it is an ill signe unlesse there be some good reason therefore as blood-letting purging or the use of resolving locall medicines as may be gathered by Hippocrates in his Aphorismes If a feaver ensue presently after the beginning of a wound of the head that is upon the fourth or seaventh day which usually happens you must judge it to bee occasioned by the generating of Pus or Matter as it is recited by Hippocrates Neither is such a feaver so much to be feared as that which happens after the seaventh day in which time it ought to be determinated but if it happen upon the tenth or foureteenth day with cold or shaking it is dangerous because it makes us conjecture that there is putrefaction in the braine the Meninges or scull through which occasion it may arise chiefely if other signes shall also concurre which may shew any putrifaction as if the wound shall be pallide and of a faint yellowish colour as flesh lookes after it is washed For as it is in Hippocrates Aphoris 2. sect 7. It is an ill signe if the flesh looke livide when the bone is affected for that colour portends the extinction of the heate through which occasion the lively or indifferently red colour of the part faints and dyes and the flesh there abouts is dissolved into a viscide Pus or filth Commonly another worse affect followes hereon wherein the wound becomming withered and dry lookes like salted flesh sends forth no matter is livide and blacke whence you may conjecture that the bone is corrupted especially if it become rough whereas it was formerly smooth and plaine for it is made rough when Caries or corruption invades it but as the Caries encreases it becomes livide and blacke sanious matter withall sweating out of the Diploe as I have observed in many all which are signes that the native heat is decayed and therefore death at hand but if such a feaver be occasioned from an Erysipelos which is either present or at hand it is usually lesse terrible But you shall know by these signes that the feaver is caused by an Erysipelas confluxe of cholericke matter if it keepe the forme of a Tertian if the fit take them with coldnes and end in a sweat if it be not terminated before the cholerike matter is either converted into Pus or else resolved if the lips of the wound be somwhat swollne as also all the face if the eyes be red and fiery if the necke and chappes bee so stiffe that he can scarse bend the one or open the other if there be great excesse of biting and pricking paine and heate and that farre greater than in a Phlegmon For such an Erysipelous disposition generated of thinne and hot blood chiefely assailes the face and that for two causes The first is by reason of the naturall levity of the cholericke humor the other because of the rarity of the skinne of these parts The cure of such an affect must be performed by two meanes that is evacuation and cooling with humectation If choler alone cause this tumor we must easily bee induced to let blood but we must purge him with medicines evacuating choler If it be an Erisipelas phlegmonodes you must draw blood from the Cephalicke veine of that side which is most affected alwayes using advise of a phisition Having used these generall meanes you must apply refrigerating and humecting things such as are the juice of Night-shade Housleeke Purslaine Lettuce Navell wort Water Lentill or Ducks-meate Gourdes a liniment made of two handfulls of Sorrel boiled in faire water then beaten and drawne through a searse with ointment of Roses or some vnguent Populeon added thereto will bee very commodious Such and the like remedies must be often and so long renued untill the unnaturall heat be extinguished But we must be carefull to abstaine from all unctuous and oyly thing because they may easily be enflamed and so increase the disease Next we must come to resolving medicines but it is good when anything comes from within to without but on the contrary it is ill when it returnes from without inwards as experience and the Authority of Hippocrates testifie If when the bone shall become purulent pustles shall breake out on the tongue by the dropping downe of the acride filth or matter by the holes of the pallate upon the tongue which lyes under Now when this symptome appeares few escape Also it is deadly when one becomes dumbe and stupid that is Apolecticke by a stroake or wound on the head for it is a signe that not onely the bone but also the braine it selfe is hurt But oft times the hurt of the Braine proceedes so farre that from corruption it turnes to a Sphacell in which case they all have not onely pustles on their tongues but some of them dye stupide and mute othersome with a convulsion of the opposite part neither as yet have I observed any which have dyed with either of these symptomes by reason of a wound in the head who have not had the substance of their braine tainted with a Sphacell as it hath appeared when their sculls haue beene opened after their death CHAP. XI Why when the braine is hurt by a wound of the head there may follow a Convulsion of the opposite part MAny have to this day enquired but as yet as farre as I know
by the fiered Gun-pouder throw downe all things with a horrid force and that more speedily and violently by how much they resist the more powerfully by their hardnesse They report that Lightning melts the money not hurting the purse Now many by the onely violence of the aire agitated and vehemently mooved by shooting a peice of Ordinance as touched with Lightning have dyed in a moment their bones beeing shivered and broken no signe of hurt appearing in the skinne The smell of Gunpouder when it is fiered is hurtfull firy and sulphurous just like that which exhales or comes from bodies killed with Lightning For men doe not onely shunne this smell but also wilde Beasts leave their Dennes if touched with Lightnings Now the cruelty of great Ordinance makes no lesse spoyle amongst buildings nor slaughter amongst men and beasts than Lightnings doe as wee have formerly showne by examples not onely horrid to see but even to heare reported as of Mines the Arcenall of Paris the Cittie of Malignes These may seeme sufficient to reach that Thunder and Lightning have a great similitude with the shooting of great Ordinance which notwithstanding I would not have alike in all things For they neither agree in substance nor matter but onely in the manner of violent breaking asunder the objects Now let us see and examine what manner of cure of wounds made by Gunshot our adversarie substitutes for ours For hee would have suppuratives used and applyed yet such as should not be hot and most in qualitie or of an Emplasticke consistence but hot and dry things For saith hee here is not the same reason as in Abscesses where the Physition intends nothing but suppuration But heere because a contusion is present with the wound this requires to bee ripened with suppuratives but the wound to be dryed Now to answer this objection I will referre him to Galen who will teach him the nature of suppuratives from whom also hee may learne that great regard is to be had of the cause and more urgent order in the cure of compound diseases then would I willingly learne of him whether he can heale a wound made by Gunshot not first bringing that which is contused to perfect maturitie If hee affirme hee can I will be judged by whatsoever Practitioners hee will to judge how obscure these things are Whereby you may the better understand there is nothing more commodious than our Basilicon and oyle of Whelpes to ripen wounds made by Gunshot if so bee that putrifaction corruption a Gangreen or some other thing doe not hinder Then would hee have Oxycrate poured into these wounds to stay their bleeding which if it cannot so bee stayed hee would have a medicine applyed consisting of the white of an Egge Bole Armenicke oile of Roses and salt But I leave it to other mens judgement whether these medicines have power to stay bleeding if put into the wound certainly they will make it bleede the more For Vinegar seeing it is of a tenuious substance and biting it is no doubt but that it will cause paine defluxion and inflammation To which purpose I remember I put to stanch bleeding for want of another remedie a medicine wherein was some Vinegar into a wound received by a Moore an attendant of the Earle of Roissy hurt with a Lance run through his arme before Bologne by an English horseman But he comes againe to mee a little after complaining and crying out that all his arme burnt like fire wherefore I was glad to dresse him againe and put another medicine into his wound and layd an astringent medicine upon the wound but poured it not therein And then above all other remedies hee extolls his Balsame composed of Oyle of Waxe and Myrrhe beaten together with the white of an Egge which hee saith is equall in operation to the naturall Balsame of Peru. For hee affirmes that this hath a facultie to consume the excrementitious humidity of wounds and so strengthens the parts that no symptome afterwards troubles them Yet hee saith this doth not so well heale and agglutinate these wounds as it doth others which are cut Verily it is ridiculous to thinke that contused wounds can bee healed after the same manner as simple wounds may which onely require the uniting of the loosed continuitie Therefore neither can these Balsames be fit remedies to heale wounds made by Gunshot seeing by reason of their drynesse they hinder suppuration which unlesse it be procured the patient cannot be healed Wherefore such things ought not to be put into wounds of this nature before they be ripened washed and clensed from their filth Yet can I scarse conceive where we shall be able to finde out so many Chymists which may furnish us with these things sufficiently to dresse so many wounded souldiers as usually are in an Army or whence the souldiers shall have sufficient meanes to beare the charge thereof Also that which he saith is absurd that these Balsames must bee put into the wounds without Tents and presently forgetting himselfe hee saith It will not bee amisse if there bee a little and slender Tent put into the wound which may onely serve to hinder the agglutination thereof But how can these Balsames come to the bottomes of wounds without Tents when as it is their chiefe propertie to carry medicines even to the innermost parts of the wounds and alwayes keepe open a free passage for the evacuation of the quitture But it is note worthy that after hee hath rejected unguentum Aegyptiacum hee neverthelesse bids to apply it from the beginning untill the contusion come to perfect maturation dissolving it in a decoction of the tops of wormewood S. Iohn Wurt the lesser Centory and Plantaine and so injecting it into the wound Besides also a little after hee gives another way of using it which is to boyle a quantity of Hony of Roses in plantaine water carefully sciming it untill it bee boiled to the consistence of Hony and then to adde as much Aegyptiacum thereto and so to make an oyntment most fit to bring these wounds to supputation But I leave it for any skilfull in Chirurgery to judge whether such medicines can bee suppuratives or whether they bee not rather detersives Last of all hee writes that these wounds must bee drest but every fourth day And if there bee a fracture of the bone joyned with the wound then to moove nothing after the first dressing untill the eighth day after then presently in another place hee faith it will bee good and expedient to drop ten or twelve droppes of the formerly described Balsame every day into the wound Verily such doctrine which neyther agrees with its selfe nor the truth cannot but much pusle a Novice and young Practitioner in Chirurgery who is not yet versed in the Art or the operations thereof CHAP. XIIII Another Apologie against those who have laboured with new reasons to proove that wounds made by Gunshot are poysoned SOme
for that the kidneyes seeing they are of a fleshy substance doe farre better ripen and digest the purulent matter than the bladder which is nervous and bloodlesse CHAP. LIII Of the signes of the ulcerated Bladder ULCERS are in the bottome of the bladder and the necke thereof The signes of an ulcer in the bladder are a deepe paine at the sharebones the great stinch of the matter flowing therefrom white and thin skins swimming up and downe in the water But when the ulcer possesseth the necke of the bladder the paine is more gentle neither doth it trouble before the patient come to make water but in the very making thereof and a little while after But it is common both to the one and the other that the yard is extended in making of water to wit by reason of the paine caused by the urine fretting of the ulcerated part in the passage by neither is the matter seen mixed with the urine as is usuall in an ulcer of the upper parts because it is powred forth not together with the urine but after it CHAP. LIV. Prognosticks of the ulcerated Reines and Bladder ULCERS of the kidneies are more easily and readily healed than those of the bladder for fleshy parts more speedily heale and knit than bloodlesse and nervous parts Ulcers which are in the bottom of the bladder are uncurable or certainely most difficult to heale for besides that they are in a bloodlesse part they are daily vellicated and exasperated by the continuall affluxe of the contained urine for all the urine is never evacuated now that which remaines after making water becomes more acride by the distemper and heat of the part for that the bladder is alwaies gathered about it dilated straitned according to the quantity of the conteined urine therfore in the Ischuria that is the suppression or difficulty of making water you may somtimes see a quart of water made at once Those which have their legs fall away having an ulcer in their bladder are near their deaths Ulcers arising in these parts unlesse they be consolidated in a short time remaine uncureable CHAP. LV. What cure must be used in the suppression of the Urine IN curing the suppression of the urine the indication must be taken from the nature of the disease and cause thereof if it bee yet present or not But the diversity of the parts by which being hurt the Ischuria happens intimates the variety of medicines neither must we presently run to diuretickes and things breaking the stone which many Empericks doe For hence grievous and maligne symptomes often arise especially if this suppression proceed from an acride humour or blood pressed out by a bruise immoderate venery and all more vehement exercise a hot and acride potion as of Cantharides by too long abstaining from making water by a Phlegmon or ulcer of the urenary parts For thus the paine and inflammation are encreased whence followes a gangrene at length death Wherfore attempt nothing in this case without the advice of a Physitian no not when you must come to Surgery For â—iureticks can scarce have place in another case than when the urenary passages are obstructed by gravell or a grosse and viscide humour or else in some cold countrey or in the application of Narcoticks to the loines although we must not here use these before we have first made use of generall medicines now Diuretickes may be administred sundry waies as hereafter shall appeare â„ž agrimon urtic. parietar surculos rubros habentis an m. i. rad asparag mundat â„¥ iiii gran alkekengi nu xx sem malvae â„¥ ss rad acor â„¥ i. bulliant omnia simul in sex libris aquae dulcis ad tertias deinde coletur Let the patient take â„¥ iiii hereof with â„¥ i. of sugar candy and drinke it warme fasting in a morning three houres before meat Thirty or forty Ivie berries beaten in white wine and given the patient to drink some two houres before meate are good for the same purpose Also Ê’i of nettle seeds made into fine pouder and drunke in chicken broth is good for the same purpose A decoction also of Grummell Goats saxifrage pellitory of the wall white saxifrage the rootes of parsley asparagus acorus bruscus and orris drunke in the quantity of some three or foure ounces is profitable also for the same purpose Yet this following water is commended above the rest to provoke urine open the passages thereof from what cause soever the stoppage thereof proceed â„ž radic osmund regal cyp bismal gram petrosel foenic. an â„¥ ii raph crassior intaleol â„¥ iiii macerentur per noctem in aceto albo acerrimo bulliant postea in aquae fluvialis lb. x. saxifrag crist marin rub tinct milii solis summitat malvae bismal an p. ii berul cicer rub an p. i. sem melon citrul an â„¥ ii ss alkekengi gra xx glycyrhiz â„¥ i. bulliant omnia simul ad tertias in colatura infunde per noctem fol. sen oriental lb. ss fiat iterum parva ebullitio in expressione colata infunde cinam elect Ê’vi colentur iterum colatura injiciatur in alembicum vitreum postea tereb venet lucid lb ii aq vitae â„¥ vi agitentur omnia simul diligentissime Lutetur alembicum luto sapientiae fiat destillatio lento igne in balneo mariae Use it after the following manner â„ž aq stillatitiae prescriptae â„¥ ii aut iii. According to the operation which it shall performe let the patient take it foure houres before meat Also raddish water destilled in balneo mariae is given in the quantity of â„¥ iiii with sugar and that with good successe Bathes and semicupia or halfe bathes artificially made relaxe soften dilate and open all the body therefore the prescribed diuretickes mixed with halfe a dram of Treacle may be fitly given at the going forth of the bath These medicines following are judged fit to cleanse the ulcers of the kidneyes and bladder Syrupe of maiden haire of roses taken in the quantity of â„¥ i. with hydromel or barly water Asses or Goats milke are also much commended in this affect because they cleanse the ulcers by their ferous or whayish portion and agglutinate by their cheeselike They must bee taken warme from the dugge with honey of roses or a little salt lest they corrupt in the stomacke and that to the quantity of foure ounces drinking or eating nothing presently upon it The following Trochisces are also good for the same purpose â„ž quatuor sem frigid major seminis papaveris albi portulac plantag cydon myrtil gum tragacanth et arub pinear. glycyrrhi mund hordei mund mucag. psilii amygdal dulcium an â„¥ i. boli armen sanguin dracon spodii rosar mastich terra sigil myrrhae an â„¥ ii cum oxymelite conficiantur secundum artem trochisci Let the patient take Ê’ss dissolved in whay ptisan barly water and the like they may also be profitably dissolved
be a great dissipation of the vapours and venenate spitits by infensible transpiration for the Lues venerea by the onely communication of these often times catcheth hold and propagates it selfe in lying with a bedfellow tainted therewith But as it is requisite to have let blood and purged the body by the advise of a physitian before the taking of the decoction of Guajacum so whilest hee doth take it it much conduceth to keepe the belly soluble which is much bound by the heat drinesse of such a drink and to preserve the purity of the first veines by a glyster or laxative medicine taken every fifth or sixt day But for the use of it we must warily observe taking indication not onely from the malignity and contumacy of the disease but also from the particular nature of the patient for such as have their body wasted by heat and leanenesse and their skinne dry and scaily whence you may gather a great adustion of the humours and as it were a certaine incineration of the habit of the body must more sparingly make use of these things but rather temper the body by humecting things taken inwardly and applyed outwardly as bathes ointments without quicksilver and other such like things And then a very weake decoction of Guajacum shall bee used for a few dayes before your unction with Quicke-silver A more plentifull diet as it drawes forth the disease which of its owne nature is long so a more sparing and slender diet makes the ulcers more rebellious and contumacious by a hecticke drinesse Therefore a middle course must be kept and meats made choice of which are fit and naturally engender good and laudible juice in the body For it is not only great ignorance but much more cruelty to goe about to conteine all patients without any difference within the strait allowance of four ounces of Ship-bisket and twelve damaske prunes for I judge it farre better to diet the patient with Lambe Veale Kid Pullets fat Larkes and Blacke-birds as those which have a farre greater familiarity with our bodies than Prunes and the like Junkets Let his bread bee made of white wheat well leavened neither too new or tough neither too old or hard Let his drinke be made of the masse or strainings of the first decoction of Guajacum boiled with more water as was formerly mentioned yet if there arise any great weakenesse of the faculties you may permit the use of some little wine drinking especially before each mealea cup of the last mentioned decoction Let him avoyd sleepe presently after meat for so the head is filled with grosse vapoures Passions or perturbations of the mind must also be avoyded for that by these the spirits are inflamed and dissipated all delights of honest pleasure are to be desired but venety wholly avoyded as that which weakens all the nervous parts Many in stead of a decoction of Guajacum use a decoction of China Now this China is the roote of a certain rush knotty rare heavie when it is fresh but light when it is waxed old it is also without smell whence many judge it voyd of any effectuall quality it is brought into use out of India it is thus prepared it is cut into thin round slices boyld in fountaine or river water and is given to patients to drink morning and evening after this manner â„ž rad chin in taleol sect â„¥ ii aquoe font lb xii infundantur per hor. xii coquantur ad consumption tertiae partis Let him take â„¥ vi in the morning and so much at night let him expect a sweat in his bed a second decoction may be made of the masse remaining of the first but with a lesse quantity of water put thereto which also by longer boyling may draw forth the strength remaining in the masse be used at meals for ordinary drink There are some who make a third decoction therof buthat is wholy unprofitable and unusefull Sarsaparilla is prepared also just after the same manner CHAP. IX Of the second manner of curing the Lues venerea which is performed by friction or unction THe cure of the Lues venerea which is performed by unction and friction is more certaine yet not in every kinde condition and season thereof For if the disease bee inveterate from an humour tough grosse viscous and more tenaciously fixed inthe solid parts as you may gather by the knotty tumours of the bones for then we are so farre from doing any good with a friction used at the first that on the contrary wee bring the patient in danger of his life unlesse we shall have first prepared the humour to expulsion by emollient digesting things first used But if it be lately taken with moveable paines pustles and ulcers in the jawes throate and privie parts then may it be easily cured without such preparatives especially if the humour be sufficiently obedient and as it were prepared of it selfe and its owne nature Therefore first using generall medicines you may afterwards come to use the unction with Hydrargyrum CHAP. X. Of the choice preparation and mixing of Hydrargyrum HYdrargum which is cleere thinne white and fluide is the best on the contrary that which is livid and not so fluide is thought to be adulterated by the admixture of some lead That it may be the purer straine it through some sheepes leather for by pressing it when it is bound up it passeth through by its subtlety and leaves the filth and leaden drosse behinde it on the inside Then it may be boyled in vinegar with sage rosemary time chamomile melilote and strained againe that so many waies cleansed it may enter into ointments and plaisters To kill it more surely it shall bee long wrought and as it were ground in a mortar that it may bee broken and separated into most small particles thatby this meanes it may not bee able to gather it selfe into the former body to which purpose you may also adde some sulphur or sublimate as we shall shew hereafter It is most usually mixed with hogs grease adding thereto some oyle of turpentine nutmegs cloves sage and Galens treacle If a Leucophlegmatia together with the Lues venerea affect the body then hot attenuating cutting and drying things shall be added to the medicine which shall be provided for unction the same shall be done when as we would have it to enter into the substance of the bones But if the patient be of a cholericke temper and his blood easie to be inflamed you shall make choice of lesse hot attractive and discussing things As when the body shall be replenished with knotty and scirrhous tumours or squalide by excessive drynesse then shall emollient and humecting things bee mixed therewith But that such ointments may have a better consistence I use to adde to each pound thereof four five or sixe yolkes of hard egges Therefore this shall be the forme of the ointment called Vigoes
thought to comfort the stomack and citron seeds to defend the heart from malignity liquerice to smooth the throat and hinder hoarsnesse and cause sweat But these things shall be given long after meat for it is not fit to sweat presently after meat some there bee who would have the child wrapped in linnen clothes steeped in this decoction being hot and afterwards hard wrung forth Yet I had rather to use bladders or spunges or hot bricks for the same purpose certainly a decoction of millet figges and raisons with some sugar causeth sweat powerfully Neither is it amisse whilest the patient is covered in all other parts of his body and sweats to fan his face for thus the native heat is kept in so strengthened and fainting hindred and a greater excretion of excrementitious humours caused To which purpose you may also put now and then to the patients nose a nodulus made with a little vinegar water of roses camphire the powder of sanders and other odoriferous things which have cooling faculty this also will keepe the nose from pustles CHAP. III. What parts must be armed against and preserved from the Pocks THe eyes nose throte lungs and inward parts ought to be kept freer from the eruption of pustles than the other parts for that their nature and consistence is more obnoxious to the malignity of this virulency and they are easilyer corrupted and blemished Therefore lest the eyes should be hurt you must defend them when you first begin to suspect the disease with the eye-lids also moistening them with rose-water verjuice or vinegar and a little Camphire There are some also who for this purpose make a decoction of Sumach berbery-seeds pomgranate pills aloe sand a little faffron the juice of sowre pomgranates and the water of the whites of egges dropped in with rose-water are good for the same purpose also womans milke mixed with rose-water and often renewed and lastly all such things as have a repercussive quality Yet if the eyes bee much swolne and red you shall not use repercussives alone but mixe therewith discussers and cleansers such as are fit by a familiarity of nature to strengthen the sight and let these bee tempered with some fennell or eye-bright water Then the patient shall not looke upon the light or red things for feare of paine and inflammation wherefore in the state of the disease when the pain and inflammation of the eyes are at their height gently drying and discussive things properly conducing to the eyes are most convenient as washed aloes tuttye and Antimonie in the water of fennell eye bright and roses The formerly mentioned nodulus will preserve the nose and linnen clothes dipped in the fore-said astringent decoction put into the nosthrils and outwardly applyed We shall defend the jawes throate and throttle and preserve the integrity of the voice by a gargle of oxycrate or the juice of sowre pomgranates holding also the grains of them in their mouths often rouling them up down therein as also by nodula's of the seeds of psilium quinces the like cold astringent things We must provide for the lungs respiration by syrupes of jujubes violets roses white poppyes pomgranats water-lillies and the like Now when as the pocks are throughly come forth then may you permit the patient to use somewhat a freer dier and you must wholly busie your selfe in ripening and evacuating the matter drying and scailing them But for the meazels they are cured by resolution onely and not by suppuration the pocks may bee ripened by annoynting them with fresh butter by fomenting them with a decoction of the roots of mallowes lillies figs line-seeds and the like After they are ripe they shall have their heads clipped off with a paire of sizzers or else bee opened with a golden or silver needle lest the matter conteined in them should corrode the flesh that lyes thereunder and after the cure leave the prints or pockholes behinde it which would cause some deformity the pus or matter being evacuated they shall be dryed up with unguent rosat adding thereto cerusse litharge aloes and a little saffron in powder for these have not onely a faculty to dry but also to regenerate flesh for the same purpose the floure of barly and lupines are dissolved or mixed with rose-water and the affected parts annoynted therewith with a fine linnen ragge some annoint them with the swathe of bacon boiled in water and wine then presently strow upon them the floure of barly or lupines or both of them Others mixe crude hony newly taken from the combe with barly floure and therewithall annoint the pustles so to dry them being dryed up like a scurfe or scab they annoint them with oyle of roses violets almonds or else with some creame that they may the sooner fall away the pustles being broken tedious itchings sollicite the patients to scratch whence happens excoriation and filthy ulcers for scratching is the occasion of greater attraction Wherfore you shall bind the sick childs hands and foment the itching parts with a decoction of marsh mallowes barly and lupines with the addition of some salt But if it bee already excoriated then shall you heale it with unguent albumcamphorat adding thereto a little powder of Aloes or Cinnabaris or a little desiccativum rubrum But if notwithstnding all your application of repelling medicines pustles neverthelesse break forth at the eyes then must they be diligently cured with all manner of Collyria having a care that the inflammation of that part grow not to that bignes as to break the eies that which somtimes happens to drive them forth of their proper orbes If any crusty ulcers arise in the nosthrils they may be dryed and caused to fall away by putting up of oyntments Such as arise in the mouth palate and throat with hoarsenesse and difficulty of swallowing may be helped by gargarismes made with barly water the waters of plantaine and chervill with some syrupe of red roses or Diamoron dissolved therein the patient shall hold in his mouth sugar of roses or the tablets of Elect. diatragacanth frigid The Pock-arres left in the face if they bunch out undecently shall be clipped away with a paire of sizzers and then annointed with fresh unguent citrin or else with this liniment â„ž amyli triticei amygdalarum excorticatarum an Ê’iss gum tragacanth Ê’ss seminis melonum fabarum siccarum excorticat farinae hordei an â„¥ iiii Let them all bee made into fine powder and then incorporated with rose-water and so make a liniment wherewith anoynt the face with a feather let it bee wiped away in the morning washing the face with some water and wheat bran hereto also conduceth lac virginale Goose ducks and Capons grease are good to smooth the roughnesse of the skin as also oile of lillies hares bloud of one newly killed and hot is good to fill and plaine as also whiten the Pock-holes
sugar before meate it is no lesse effectuall to put wormeseeds in their pap and in roasted apples and so to give them it Also you may make suppositories after this manner and put them up into the fundament â„ž coralli subalbi rasurae eboris cornu cerviusti ireos an ℈ ii mellis albi â„¥ ii ss aquae centiâ—odiae q. s adomnia concorporanda fiant Glandes let one be put up every day of the weight of Ê’ ii for children these suppositories are chiefly to bee used for Ascarides as those which adhere to the right gut To such children as can take nothing by the mouth you shall apply cataplasmes to their navells made of the pouder of cummin seeds the floure of lupines worme-wood southerne wood tansie the leaves of Artichokes rue the pouder of coloquintida citron seeds aloes arsemart horse mint peach leaves Costus amarus Zedoaria sope and oxegall Such cataplasmes are oft times spred over all the belly mixing therewith astringent things for the strengthening of the part as oile of myrtles Quinces and mastich you may also apply a great onion hollowed in the midst and filled with Aloes and Treacle and so roasted in the embers then beaten with bitter almonds and an oxe gall Also you may make emplasters of bitter things as this which followes â„ž fellis bubuli sucei absinthii an â„¥ ii colocyn â„¥ i. terantur misceantur simul incorporentur cum farina lupinorum make hereof an emplaster to be laid upon the Navell Liniments and ointments may bee also made for the same purpose to anoint the belly you may also make plasters for the navell of Pillulae Ruff. anointing in the meane time the fundament with hony and sugar that they may bee chafed from above with bitter things and allured downewards with sweete things Or else take wormes that have beene cast forth dry them in an iron pan over the fire then pouder them and give them with wine or some other liquor to bee drunke for so they are thought quickly to kill the rest of the wormes Hereto also conduceth the juice of citrons drunke with the oile of bitter almonds or sallade oile Also some make bathes against this affect of wormewood galls peach leaves boiled in water and then bathe the childe therein But in curing the wormes you must observe that this disease is oft times entangled with another more grievous disease as an acute and burning feaver a fluxe or scouring and the like in which as for example sake a feaver being present and conjoyned therewith if you shall give wormseeds old Treacle myrrhe aloes you shall encrease the feaver and fluxe for that bitter things are very contrary to the cure of these affects But if on the contrary in a fluxe whereby the wormes are excluded you shall give corrall and the floure of Lentiles you shall augment the feaver making the matter more contumacious by dry and astringent things Therefore the Physician shall be carefull in considering whether the feaver bee a symptome of the wormes or on the contrary it bee essentiall and not symptomaticke that this being knowne hee may principally insist in the use of such medicines as resist both affects as purging and bitterish in a feaver and wormes but bitter and somewhat astrictive things in the wormes and fluxe CHAP. VI. A short description of the Elephantiasis or Leprosie and of the causes thereof THis disease is termed Elephantiasis because the skinne of such as are troubled therewith is rough scabious wrinckled and unequall like the skin of an Elephant Yet this name may seem to be imposed thereon by reason of the greatnesse of the disease Some from the opinion of the Arabians have termed it Lepra or Leprosie but unproperly for the Lepra is a kinde of Scab and disease of the skinne which is vulgarly called Malum sancti manis which word for the present we will use as that which prevailes by custome and antiquity Now the Leprosie according to Paulus is a Cancer of the whole body the which as Avicen addes corrupts the complexion forme and figure of the members Galen thinkes the cause ariseth from the errour of the sanguifying faculty through whose default the assimulation in the flesh and habite of the body is depraved and much changed from it selfe and the rule of nature But ad Glauconem hee defines this disease An effusion of troubled or grosse blood into the veines and habit of the whole body This disease is judged great for that it partakes of a certaine venenate virulency depraving the members and comelinesse of the whole body Now it appeares that the Leprosie partakes of a certaine venenate virulency by this that such as are melancholicke in the whole habit of their bodies are not leprous Now this disease is composed of three differences of diseases First it consists of a distemper against nature as that which at the beginning is hot and dry and at length the ebullition of the humours ceasing and the heat dispersed it becomes cold and dry which is the conjunct cause of this symptome Also it consists of an evill composition or conformation for that it depraves the figure and beauty of the parts Also it consists of a solution of continuity when as the flesh and skin are cleft in divers parts with ulcers and chops the leprosie hath for the most part 3. generall causes that is the primitive antecedent conjunct the primitive cause is either from the first conformation or comes to them after they are born It is thought to be in him from the first conformation who was conceived of depraved corrupt menstruous blood such as enclined to melancholly who was begot of the leprous seed of one or both his parents for leprous persons generate leprous because the principall parts being tainted and corrupted with a melancholy and venenate juice it must necessarily follow that the whole masse of blood and seed that falls from it and the whole body should also be vitiated This cause happens to those that are already born by long staying inhabiting in maritime countries whereas the grosse and misty aire in successe of time induceth the like fault into the humours of the body for that according to Hippocrates such as the aire is such is the spirit and such the humours Also long abiding in very hot places because the blood is torrified by heate but in cold places for that they incrassate and congealing the spirits doe after a manner stupefie may bee thought the primitive causes of this disease Thus in some places of Germany there are divers leprous persons but they are more frequent in Spaine and overall Africa then in all the world beside and in Languedoc Provence and Guyenne are more than in whole France besides Familiarity copulation and cohabitation with leprous persons may be reckoned amongst the causes thereof because they transferre this disease to their familiars by their breath sweat and spittle left on the
Aire The other that they abate the force of it that it may not imprint its virulency in the body which may be done by correcting the excesse of the quality inclining towards it by the opposition of its contrary For if it bee hotter than is meet it must bee tempered with cooling things if too cold with heating things yet this will not suffice For wee ought besides to amend purge the corruptions of the venenate malignity diffused through it by smels and perfumes resisting the poyson thereof The body will be strengthened and more powerfully resist the infected Aire if it want excrementitious humours which may be procured by purging and bleeding and for the rest a convenient diet appointed as shunning much variety of meats and hot and moyst things and all such which are easily corrupted in the stomacke and cause obstructions such as those things which be made by Comfit-makers we must shun satiety and drunkennesse for both of them weaken the powers which are preserved by the moderate use of meats of good juice Let moderate exercises in a cleare Aire and free from any venemous tainture precede your meales Let the belly have due evacuation either by Nature or Art Let the heart the seat of life and the rest of the bowels be strengthened with Cordials and Antidotes applyed and taken as wee shall hereafter shew in the forme of epithemes ointments emplasters waters pills powders tablets opiates fumigations and such like Make choice of a pure Aire free from all pollution far remote from stinking places for such is most fit to preserve life to recreate and repaire the spirits where as on the contrary a cloudy or mistie Aire and such as is infected with grosse and stinking vapours duls the spirits dejects the appetite makes the body faint and ill coloured oppresseth the heart and is the breeder of many diseases The Northern wind is healthfull because it is cold and dry But on the contrary the Southerne wind because it is hot and moyst weakens the body by sloth or dulnesse opens the pores and makes them pervious to the pestiferous malignity The Westerne winde is also unwholesome because it comes neere to the nature of the Southerne wherefore the windowes must bee shut up on that side of the house on which they blow but opened on the North and East side unless it happen the Plague come from thence Kindle a cleare fire in all the lodging Chambers of the house and perfume the whole house with Aromatick things as Frankinsence Myrthe Benzoine Ladanum Styrax Roses Myrtle-leaves Lavender Rosemary Sage Savory wilde Time Marjerome Broome Pine-apples pieces of Firre Juniper berries Cloves Perfumes and let your cloathes be aired in the same There be some who think it a great preservative against the pestilent Aire to keep a Goat in their houses because the capacity of the houses filled with the strong sent which the Goat sends forth prohibits the entrance of the venemous Aire which same reason hath place also in sweet smels and besides it argues that such as are hungry are apter to take the Plague than those who have eaten moderately for the body is not onely strengthened with meat but all the passages thereof are filled by the vapours diffused from thence by which otherwise the infected Aire would finde a more easie entrance to the heart Yet the common sort of People yeeld another reason for the Goat which is that one ill sent drives away another as one wedge drives forth another which calleth to my mind that which is recorded by Alexander Benedictus that there was a Scythian Physician which caused a Plague arising from the infection of the Aire to cease by causing all the dogs cats such like beasts which were in the City to be killed and cast their carcasses up down the streets that so by the comming of this new putride vapour as a stranger the former pestiferous infection as an old guest was put out of its Lodging so the Plague ceased For poysons have not onely an antipathy with their Antidotes but also with some other poysons Whilest the Plague is hot it is not good to stirre out of doore before the rising of the Sunne wherefore wee must have patience untill hee have cleansed the Aire with the comfortable light of his Beames and dispersed all the foggy and nocturnall pollutions which commonly hang in the Aire in dirty and especially in low places and Vallies All publike and great meetings and assemblies must be shunned If the Plague begin in Summer and seeme principally to rage being helped forward by the summers heat it is the best to performe a journey begun or undertaken for performance of necessary affaires rather upon the night time than on the day because the infection takes force strength and subtlety of substance by which it may more easily permeate and enter in by the heat of the Sun but by night mens bodies are more strong and all things are more grosse and dense But you must observe a cleane contrary course if the malignity seeme to borrow strength and celerity from coldnesse But you must alwayes eschew the beames of the Moone but especially at the full For then our bodies are more languid and weake and fuller of excrementitious humours Even as trees which for that cause must be cut down in their season of the Moone that is in the decrease thereof After a little gentle walking in your Chamber you must presently use some means that the principall parts may be strengthened by suscitating the heat spirits that the passages to them may be filled that so the way may bee shut up from the infection comming from without Such as by the use of garlick have not their heads troubled nor their inward parts inflamed as Countrey people and such as are used to it to such there can can bee no more certaine preservative and antidote against the pestiferous fogs or mists and the nocturnall obscurity than to take it in the morning with a draught of good wine for it being abundantly diffused presently over all the body fils up the passages thereof and strengtheneth it in a moment For water if the Plague proceed from the tainture of the Aire wee must wholly shun and avoyd raine-water because it cannot but bee infected by the contagion of the Aire Wherefore the water of Springs and of the deepest Wells are thought best But if the malignity proceed from the vapours contained in the earth you must make choice of Raine-water Yet it is more safe to digest every sort of water by boiling it and to preferre that water before other which is pure and cleare to the sight and without either tast or smell and which besides suddenly takes the extremest mutation of heat and cold CHAP. VII Of the Cordiall Remedies by which we may preserve our bodies in feare of the Plague and cure those already infected therewith SUch as
growne unto its full ripenesse and bignesse but if presently after the beginning there bee great inflammation with sharpe paine as it often happeneth especially when the abscesses be of the kinde of Carbuncles wee must abstaine from those remedies that are hot and attractive and also from those that are very emplasticke and clammy because they doe altogether close the pores of the skin or because they resolve the thinner part of the collected matter which if it might remain would bring the other sooner to suppuration or else because they may perchance draw more quantity of the hot matter than the part can beare whereof commeth rather corruption than maturation and last of all because they encrease the feaver and pain which inferreth danger of a convulsion or mortall Gangrene Therefore in such a case it is best to use cold and temperate locall medicines as the leaves of Henbane and Sorrell roasted under the coales Galens pultis and such like There are many that for feare of death have with their owne hands pulled away the Bubo with a paire of Smithes Pincers others have digged the flesh round about it and so gotten it wholly out And to conclude others have become so mad that they have thrust an hot iron into it with their owne hand that the venome might have a passage forth of all which I doe not allow one for such abscesses doe not come from without as the bitings of virulent beasts but from within and moreover because pain is by these means encreased and the humour is made more maligne and fierce Therefore I think it sufficient to use medicines that relaxe open the pores of the skinne and digest portion of the venome by transpiration as are these that follow Take the roots of Marsh-mallowes and Lillies of each sixe ounces of Chamomill and Melilote flowers of each halfe a handfull of Linseeds halfe an ounce of the leaves of Rue halfe a handfull boyle them and straine them dip sponges in the straining and therewith let the tumour bee fomented a long time Or Take the crum of hot bread and sprinkle it with treacle-Treacle-water or with aqua vitae and Cowes milk or Goates milke and the yolks of three egges put them all one stupes or flaxe and apply them warme unto the place Or Take of soure Rie leaven foure ounces of Basilicon two ounces three yolkes of egges oyle of Lillies two ounces Treacle one dram let it be received on stupes and applyed in like manner Or Take of Diachylon and Basilicon of each two ounces oyle of Lillies one ounce and an halfe let them be melted and mixed together and let it be applyed as is abovesaid When you see feele and know according to reason that the Bubo is come to perfect suppuration it must be opened with an incision knife or an actuall or potentiall Cautery but it is best to be done with a potentiall Cautery unlesse that happely there be great inflammation because it doth draw the venome from beneath unto the superficiall parts and maketh a larger orifice for the matter that is contained therein neither must it be looked for that nature should open it of her selfe for then it were danger that lest while nature doth worke slowly a venemous vapour should bee stirred up which striking the heart by the arteries the braine by the nerves and the liver by the veines should cause a new increase of the venemous infection For feare whereof there be some that will not expect the perfect maturation and suppuration but as it were in the midst of the crudity and maturity will make an orifice for it to passe forth at yet if it be done before the tumour be at his perfect maturity paine a Feaver and all accidents are stirred up and enraged whereof commeth a maligne ulcer that often degenerats into a Gangrene For the most part about the tenth or eleventh day the work of suppuration seemeth perfected and finished but it may be sooner or later by reason of the application of medicines the condition of the matter and state of the part when the matter commeth forth you must yet use suppurative and mollifying medicines to maturate the remains thereof in the mean while cleansing the ulcer by putting mundificatives into it as we shall declare in the cure of Carbuncles But if the tumour seeme to sinke in or hide it selfe again it must be revoked and procured to come forth againe by applying of Cupping-glasses with scarification and with sharpe medicines yea and with Cauteries both actuall and potentiall When the Cauteries are applyed it shall be very good to apply a vesicatory a little below it that there may be some passage open for the venome while the Eschar is in falling away For so they that are troubled with the French Pocks so long as they have open and flowing ulcers so long are they voyd of any paine that is worth the speaking of which ulcers being closed and cicatrized they doe presently complain of great paine If you suspect that the Bubo is more maligne by reason that it is of a greene or blacke and inflamed colour as are those that come of a melancholy humour by adustion turned into a grosse and rebellious melancholy humour so that by the more copious influxe thereof into the part there is danger of a gangrene and mortification then the places about the abscesse must bee armed with repercussives but not the abscesse it selfe and this may be the forme of the repercussives Take of the juice of house-leeke Purslaine Sorrell Night-shade of each two ounces of Vinegar one ounce the whites of three egges of oyle of Roses and water-Lillies of each two ounces and a halfe stirre them together and apply it about the Bubo and renew it often or boyle a Pomgranate in vinegar beat it with Unguentum Rosatum or Populeon newly made and apply it as is aforesaid If these things doe not stop the influxe of other humours the abscesse it selfe and the places about it must bee scarified round about if the part will permit it that the part exonerated of portion of the venome may not stand in danger of the extinction of the proper and naturall heat by the greater quantity and malignity of the humours that flow unto it In scarrifying you must have care of the great vessels for feare of an irrepugnable fluxe of bloud which in this case is very hard to bee stayed or resisted both because the part it selfe is greatly inflamed and the humour very fierce for the expulsion whereof nature carefull for the preservation of the part and all the body besides seemeth to labour and worke But yet you must suffer so much of the bloud humour to flow out as the patient is able to abide without the losse of his strength Moreover you may spend forth the superfluous portion of the malignity with relaxing mollifying and resolving fomentations as Take the roots of Marsh-Mallowes Lillies and Elicampaine of each one
alum roch an ʒii bulliant omnia simul fiat decoctio of this make injection into the wombe In the performance of all these things I would have the Surgeon depend upon the advice of a Physitian as the occasion and place shall permit But if nature endeavour to free it selfe of the pestilent matter by the hoemorrhoides you may provoke them by frictions and strong ligatures in the lower parts as if the thighes or legs were broken by ventoses applyed with great flame to the inner side of the thigh by application of hot and attractive things to the fundament such as are fomentations emplasters unguents such as is usually made of an onion rosted under the embers and incorporated with Treacle and a little oile of Rue after the hoemorrhoid veines by these meanes come to shew themselves they shal be rubbed with rough linnen cloths or fig leaves or a raw onion or an oxe gall mixt with some pouder of Coloquintida lastly you may apply horse-leaches or you may open them with a Lancet if they hang much forth of the fundament and be swolne with much blood But if they flow too immoderately they may be stayed by the same meanes as the courses CHAP. XXXIX Of procuring evacuation by stoole or a fluxe of the belly NAture often times both by it selfe of its owne accord as also helped by laxative and purging medicines casts into the belly and guts as into the sinke of the body the whole matter of a pestilent disease whence are caused Diarrhaea's Lienteries and Dysenteries you may distinguish these kindes of fluxes of the belly by the evacuated excrements For if they be thinne and sincere that is reteine the nature of one and that a simple humour as of choler melancholy or phlegme and if they be cast forth in a great quantity without the ulceration or excoriation of the guts vehement or fretting paine then it is a Diarrhaea which some also call fluxus humoralis It is called a Lienteria when as by the resolved retentive faculty of the stomacke and guts caused by ill humours either there collected or flowing from some other place or by a cold moist distemper the meat is cast forth crude almost as it was taken A Dysenteria is when as many and different things and oft times mixt with blood are cast forth with pain gripings and an ulcer of the guts caused by acride choler fretting insunder the coats of the vessels But if in any kinde of disease certainely in a pestilent one fluxes of the belly happen immoderate in quantity and horrible in the quality of their contents as liquid viscous frothy as from melted greace yellow red purple greene ash-coloured blacke and exceeding stinking The cause is various and many sorts of ill humours which taken hold of by the pestilent malignity turne into divers species differing in their whole kinde both from their particular as also from nature in generall by reason of the corruption of their proper substance whose inseparable signe is stinch which is oft times accompanied by wormes In the campe at Amiens a pestilent Dysentery was overall the Campe in this the strongest Souldiers purged forth meere blood I dissecting some of their dead bodies observed the mouths of the Mesaraike Veines and Arteries opened and much swollen and whereas they entered into the guts were just like little Catyledones out of which as I pressed them there flowed blood For both by the excessive heat of the summers sunne and the mindes of the enraged souldiers great quantity of acride and cholericke humour was generated and so flowed into the belly but you shall know whether the greater or the lesser guts be ulcerated better by the mixture of the blood with the excrements than by the site of the paine therefore in the one you must rather worke by Glysters but in the other by Medicines taken by the mouth Therefore if by gripings a tenesmus the murmuring and working of the guts you suspect in a pestilent disease that nature endeavours to disburden it self by the lower parts neither in the meane while doe it succeed to your desire then must it be helped forward by art as by taking a potion of ℥ ss of hiera simplex and a dramme of Diaphaenicon dissolved in worme-wood water Also Glysters are good in this case not onely for that they asswage the gripings and paines and draw by continuation or succession from the whole body but also because they free the mesaraike veines and guts from obstruction and stuffing so that by opening and as it were unlocking of the passages nature may afterwards more freely free it selfe from the noxious humours In such glysters they also sometimes mixe two or three drammes of Treacle that by one and the same labour they may retunde the venenate malignity of the matter There may also be made for the same purpose suppositories of boyled hony ℥ i. of hier a picra and common salt of each ʒss or that they may bee the stronger of hony ℥ iii. of oxe gall ℥ i. of Scammony euphorbium and coloquintida poudred of each ʒss The want of these may be supplied by nodula's made in this forme ℞ vitell ovor nu iii. fellis bubuli mellis an ℥ ss salis com ʒss let them be stirred together and well incorporated and so parted into linnen ragges and then bound up into nodula's of the bignesse of a filberd and so put up into the fundament you may make them more acride by adding some powder of Euphorbium or Coloquintida CHAP. XL. Of stopping the fluxe of the belly VIolent and immoderate scourings for that they resolve the faculty and lead the patient into a consumption and death therefore if they shall appear to be such they must be stayed in time by things taken and injected by the mouth and fundament To this purpose may a pudding be made of wheat flower boyled in the water of the decoction of one pomegranate berberies bole armenick terra figillata and white poppie seeds of each ʒi The following Almond milke strengthens the stomacke and mitigates the acrimony of the cholericke humour provoking the guts to excretion Take sweet Almonds boiled in the water of barly wherein steele or Iron hath been quenched beat them in a marble motter and so with some of the same water make them into an Almond milk wherto adding ʒi of Diarhodon Abbat is you may give it to the patient to drink This following medicine I learnt of Dr. Chappelaine the Kings chiefe physitian who received it of his father and held it as a great secret was wont to prescribe it with happy successe to his patients It is thus ℞ boli à rmen terrae sigil lapid haemat an ʒi picis navalis ʒiss coral rub marg elect corn cervi ust loti in aq plant an ℈ i. sacchar ros ℥ ii fiat pulvisc of this let the patient take a spoonefull before meat or with the
yolke of an egge Christopher Andrew in his oecoiatria much commendeth dogges dung when as the dogge hath for three dayes before bin fed onely with bones Quinces rosted in embers or boyled in a pot the conserve of cornelian cherries preserved berberies and myrabalans rosted nutmeg taken before meat strengthen the stomack and stay the laske the patient must feed upon good meats and these rather reasted than boiled His drinke shall be chalibeate water of the docoction of a some pomegranate beaten or of the decoction of a quince medlars cervices mulberies bremble berries and the like things endued with a faculty to binde and waste the excrementitious humidities of the body these waters shall be mixed with syrupe of red currance Julep of roses and the like Let the region of the stomacke and belly be anointed with oile of masticke Moschatelinum myrtles and quinces Also a crust of bread newly drawn forth of the oven and steeped in vinegar and rose water may be profitably applyed or else a cataplasme of red roses sumach berberies myrtles the pulpe of quinces mastick bean flower and hony of roses made up with calibeate water Anodyne abstergent astringent consolidating and nourishing glysters shall bee injected These following retund the acrimony of humours and asswage paine â„ž fol. lactuc. hyosc acetos portul an m. i. flor violar nenuph. an p i. fiat decoctio ad lb i. in colatura dissolve cassiae fistul Ê’vi olei rosat nenuph. an â„¥ iss fiat clyster Or else â„ž ros rub hord mund sem plant an p i. fiat decoctio in colatura adde olei ros â„¥ ii vitel ovor ii fiat clyster Or â„ž decoctionis Capi crur. vitellin capit vervicin una cum pelle lb ii in qua coquantur fol. violar malv. mercur plantag an m i. hord mund â„¥ i. quatuor sem frigid major an â„¥ ss in colaturae lb ss dissolve cass recenter extract â„¥ i. ol viol â„¥ iv vitellor ovor ii sach rub â„¥ i. fiat clyster Or â„ž flor chamaem melil aneth an p i. rad bismal â„¥ i. fiat decoctio in lacte colaturae adde mucag. sem lin foenugr extract in aqua malv. â„¥ ii sacchar rub â„¥ i. olei cham aneth an â„¥ iss vitellor ovor ii fiat clyster Such glysters must be long kept that they may more readily mitigate paine When shavings of the guts appeare in the stooles it is an argument that there is an ulcer in the guts therefore then wee must use detergent and consolidating glysters as this which followes â„ž hordei integr p ii ros rub flor chamoem plantag apii an p i. fiat decoctio in colatura dissolve mellis rosat syr de absinth an â„¥ iss vitel ovor ii This following glyster consolidateth â„ž succi plantag centinod portulac nu â„¥ ii bol armen sang dracon amyl an Ê’i sebi hircini dissoluti Ê’iii fiat clyster Also cowes milke boyled with plantaine and mixed with syrupe of roses is an excellent medicine for the ulcerated guts This following glyster bindes â„ž caud equin plant polygon an m i. fiat decoctio in lacte ustulato ad quart iii. in colatura adde boli arm terrae sigil sang dracon an Ê’ii albumina duor ovor fiat clyster Or else â„ž suc plant arnoglos centinod portulac residentia facta depuratorum quantum sufficit pro clystere addendo pul boli armeni terrae sigil sang dracon an Ê’i ol myrthin rosat an â„¥ ii fiat clyster If pure blood flow forth of the guts I could wish you to use stronger astrictives To which purpose I much commend a decoction of pomegranate pills of cypresse nuts red rose leaves sumach alome and vitrioll made with smithes water and so made into glysters without any oyle It will bee good with the same decoction to foment the fundament perinaeum and the whole belly Astringent glysters ought not to bee used before that the noxious humours bee drawne away and purged by purging medicines otherwise by the stoppage hereof the body may chance to be oppressed If the patient bee so weake that hee cannot take or swallow any thing by mouth nutritive glysters shall be given him â„ž decoctionis capi pinguis cruris vitulini coct cum acetosa buglosso boragine pimpinella lactuca â„¥ x. vel xii in quibus dissolve vitellos ovorum num iii. sacchari rosati aquae vitae an â„¥ i. butyri recentis non saliti Ê’ii fiat clyster CHAP. XLI Of evacuation by insensible transpiration THe pestilent malignity as it is oft times drawne by the pores by transpiration into the body so oft times it is sent forth invisibly the same way againe For our native heat that is never idle in us disperseth the noxious humours attenuated into vapours and aire through the unperceivable breathing places of the skin An argument hereof is we see that the tumours and abscesses against nature even when they are come to suppuration are oft times resolved and discussed by the onely efficacy of nature and heate without any helpe of art Therefore there is no doubt but that nature being prevalent may free it self from the pestilent malignity by Transpiration some Abscesse Bubo or Carbuncle being come forth and some matter collected in some certaine part of the body For when as nature and the native heat are powerfull and strong nothing is impossible to it especially when as the passages are also in like manner free and open CHAP. XLII How to cure Infants and Children taken with the Plague IF that it happen that sucking or weaned children be infected with the pestilence they must bee cured after another order than is yet described The Nurse of the sucking childe must governe her selfe so in dyet and the use of medicines as if she were infected with the pestilence her self Her dyet consisteth in the use of the six things not naturall Therefore let it be moderate for the fruit or profit of that moderation in dyet cannot chuse but come unto the Nurses milke and so unto the infant who liveth onely by the milke And the infant it selfe must keep the same diet as neere as he can in sleep waking and expulsion or avoyding of superfluous humours and excrements of the body Let the Nurse bee fed with those things that mitigate the violence of the feaverish heat as cooling brothes cooling herbs and meats of a moderate temperature shee must wholy abstaine from wine and anoint her nipples as often as shee giveth the infant sucke with water or juice of sorrell tempered with sugar of roses But the infants heart must bee fortified against the violence of the encreasing venome by giving it one scruple of treacle in the Nurses milke the broth of a pullet or some other cordiall water It is also very necessary to anoint the region of the heart the emunctories and both the wrests with the same medicine neither were it unprofitable to smell often unto Treacle
spermatis Ceti ℥ ii olei amygdal dulcium hypericon an ℥ iss sevihircini ℥ i. olei myrtillor ℥ i. cer ae novae quantum sufficit make thereof an oyntment wherewith let her bee annoynted twice in the day let a plaster of Galbanum bee applyed to the navell in the middest whereof put some few graines of Civet or Muske so that the smell of the plaster may not strike up into her nostrils Then let this medicine following bee applyed commonly called Tela Gualterina ℞ cer ae novae ℥ iiii spermatis Ceti ℥ iss terebinth venetaein aqua rosacea lotae ℥ ii olei amygdal dulcium hypericonis an ℥ i. olei mastich myrtini an ℥ ss axungiae cervi ℥ iss melt them all together and when they are melted take it from the fire and then dippe a linnen cloth therein as bigge as may serve to fit the region of the belly whereunto it is to bee applyed These remedies will keepe the externall region of the belly from wrinkling But of all other the medicine following excelleth ℞ limacum rub lb i. florum anthos quart iii. let them bee cut all in small pieces and put into an earthen pot well nealed with lead and close stopped then let it bee set in the dung of horses for the space of forty dayes and then bee pressed or strained and let the liquor that is strayned out bee kept in a glasse well covered and set in the sunne for the space of three or foure dayes and therewith annoynt the belly of the woman that lyeth in child-bed If shee bee greatly tormented with throwes let the powder following bee given unto her ℞ anisi conditi ℥ ii nucis moschat cornu cervi ust an ʒi ss nuclcorum dactyllor ʒiii ligni aloës cinamomi an ʒii make thereof a most subtle powder let her take ʒi thereof at once with white wine warme Or ℞ rad confolidae major ʒiss nucleorum persicorum nucis moschat an ℈ ii carab ℈ ss ambrae graezoe gra iiii make thereof a powder let her take one dramme thereof at a time with white wine or if shee have a feaver with the broth of a Capon Let there be hot bagges applyed to the genitalls belly and raynes these bagges must bee made of millet and oates fryed in a frying pan with a little white wine But if through the violence of the excraction the genitall parts bee torne as ancient writers affirm it hath come to passe so that the two holes as the two holes of the privie parts and of the fundament have beene torne into one then that which is rent must bee stitched up and the wound cured according to art Which is a most unfortunate chance for the mother afterwards for when shee shall travell againe shee cannot have her genitall parts to extend and draw themselves in againe by reason of the scarre So that then it will bee needfull that the Chirurgion shall againe open the place that was cicatrized for otherwise shee shall never bee delivered although shee strive and contend never so much I have done the like cure in two women that dwelt in Paris CHAP. XXVIII What cure must bee used to the Dugges and Teates of those that are brought to bed IF great store and abundance of milke bee in the breasts and the woman bee not willing to nurse her owne childe they must bee annoynted with the unguent following to repell the milke and cause it to bee expelled through the wombe ℞ olei ros myrtini an ℥ iii. aceti rosat ℥ i. incorporate them together and therewith annoynt thè dugges foure times a day and presently after the annoynting besprinkle them with the powder of myrtils and then apply the plaster following ℞ pulv mastichini nucis moschat an ʒii cupressiʒiii balaust myrtill an ʒiss Ireos florent ℥ ss olei myrtini ℥ iii. terebinth veneta ℥ ii cerae novae quantum sufficit make thereof a soft plaster The leaves of brooke-lime cresses and boxe boyled together in urine and vinegar are thought a present remedy for this purpose that is to say to draw the milke from the breasts And others take the clay that falleth downe into the bottome of the trough wherein the grindstone whereon swords are grownd turneth and mixe it with oyle of roses and apply it warme unto the dugges which in short space as it is thought will asswage the paine stay the inflammation and drive the milke out of the dugges The decoction of ground Ivie Peruwincle Sage redde Roses and roach Alome being prepared in oxycrate and used in the forme of a fomentation is thought to performe the like effect the like vertue have the lees of red wine applyed to the dugges with vinegar or the distilled water of unripe Pine-apples applyed to the breasts with linnen clothes wet therein or hemlocke beaten and applyed with the young and tender leaves of a gourd This medicine following is approved by use Take the leaves of Sage Smallage Rue and Chervill and cut or chop them very small and incorporate them in vinegar and oyle of Roses and so apply it warme to the breast and renue it thrice a day In the meane time let Cupping-glasses bee applyed to the inner side of the thigh and groine and also above the navell For this is very effectuall to draw the milke out of the breasts into the wombe by the veines whereby the wombe communicateth with the breasts Moreover they may let children or little welpes sucke their breasts whereby they may draw out the milke that is fixed fast in their dugges in steed whereof wee have invented this instrument of glasse wherewith when the broader orifice is fastened or placed on the breast or dugge and the pipe turned upwards towards her mouth shee may suck her owne breasts her selfe The forme of a little glasse which being put on the nipple the woman may sucke her owne breasts In steede of this instrument a violl of glasse being first made warme and the mouth thereof applyed to the nipple or teat by reason of the heate and widenesse thereof will draw the milke forth into the bottome thereof as it were by a certaine sucking The after purgations being first evacuated which is done for the most part within twenty dayes after the birth if the woman bee not in danger of a feaver nor have any other accident let her enter into a bath made of marjerome mints sage rosemary mugwurt agrimonie pennyroyall the flowers of chamomile melilote dill being boyled in most pure and cleare running water All the day following let another such like bath bee prepared whereunto let these things following bee added ℞ farini fabarum aven an lb. iii. farin orobi lupinor gland an lb. i. aluminis roch ℥ iiii salis com lb. ii gallarum nucum cupressi an ℥ iii. rosar rub m. vi chariophyl nucum moschat an ʒ iii. boyle them all in common water then sew them all in a cleane linnen cloth
Therefore what things soever resolve relaxe or burst the ligaments or bands whereby the wombe is tyed are supposed to be the causes of this accident It sometimes happens by vehement labour or travell in childe-birth when the wombe with violence excluding the issue and the secundines also followes and falls downe turning the inner side thereof outward And sometimes the foolish rashnesse of the midwife when shee draweth away the wombe with the infant or with the secundine cleaving fast thereunto and so drawing it downe and turning the inner side outward Furthermore a heavie bearing of the womb the bearing or the carriage of a great burthen holding or stretching of the hands or body upwards in the time of greatnesse with childe a fall contusion shaking or jogling by riding either in a waggon or a coach or on horse backe or by leaping or dancing the falling downe of a more large and abundant humor great griping a strong and continuall cough a Tenesmus or often desire to go to stoole yet not voiding any thing neesing a manifold and great birth difficult bearing of the wombe an astmaticall and orthopnoicall difficulty of breathing whatsoever doth waightily presse downe the Diaphragma or Midriffe or the muscles of the Epigastrium the taking of cold aire in the time of travell with childe or in the flowing of the menstruall fluxe sitting on a cold marble stone or any other such like cold thing are thought often times to bee the occasion of these accidents because they may bring the wombe out of its place It falls downe in many saith Aristotle by reason of the desire of copulation that they have either by reason of the lustinesse of their youth or else because they have abstained a long time from it You may know that the wombe is fallen downe by the pain of those parts where-hence it is fallen that is to say by the entrals loynes os sacrum and by a tractable tumour at the necke of the wombe and often with a visible hanging out of a diverse greatnesse according to the quantity that is fallen downe It is seene sometimes like unto a piece of red flesh hanging out at the necke of the wombe of the bignesse and forme of a Goose egge if the woman stand upright shee feeleth the weight to ly on her privie parts but if she sit or ly then she perceiveth it on her back or goe to the stoole the straight gut called intestinum rectum will bee pressed or loaden as it were with a burthen if shee lye on her belly then her urine will bee stopped so that shee shall feare to use copulation with a man When the wombe is newly relaxed in a young woman it may bee soone cured but if it hath beene long downe in an old woman it is not to bee helped If the palsie of the ligaments thereof have occasioned the falling it scarce admits of cure but if it fall downe by meanes of putrefaction it cannot possibly be cured If a great quantity thereof hang out betweene the thighes it can hardly be cured but it is corrupted by taking the ayre and by the falling downe of the urine and filth and by the motions of the thighs in going it is ulcerated and so putrefies I remember that once I cured a young woman who had her wombe hanging out at her privie parts as big as an egge and I did so well performe and perfect the cure thereof that afterwards she conceived and bare children many times and her womb never fell downe CHAP. XLI The cure of the falling downe of the Wombe BY this word falling downe of the wombe we understand every motion of the womb out of its place or seat therefore if the wombe ascend upwards wee must use the same medicines as in the strangulation of the wombe If it bee turned towards either side it must bee restored and drawne backe to its right place by applying and using cupping glasses But if it descend and fall downe into its owne neck but yet not in great quantity the woman must be placed so that her buttockes may be very high and her legs acrosse then cupping glasses must bee applied to her navell and Hypogastrium and when the wombe is so brought into its place injections that binde and dry strongly must bee injected into the necke of the wombe stinking fumigations must bee used unto the privie parts and sweetthings used to the mouth and nose But if the wombe hang downe in great quantity betweene the thighes it must be cured by placing the woman after another sort and by using other kinde of medicines First of all shee must bee so layed on her backe her buttockes and thighes so lifted up and her legges so drawne backe as when the childe or secundine are to bee taken or drawne from her then the necke of the wombe and whatsoever hangeth out thereat must be anointed with oile of lillies fresh butter capons grease and such like then it must be thrust gently with the fingers up into its place the sick or pained woman in the mean time helping or furthering the endeavour by drawing in of her breath as if she did suppe drawing up as it were that which is fallen downe After that the wombe is restored unto its place whatsoever is filled with the ointment must be wiped with a soft and cleane cloth lest that by the slipperinesse thereof the wombe should fall downe againe the genitalls must bee fomented with an astringent decoction made with pomegranate pills cypresse nuts galles roach allome horse-taile sumach berberies boiled in the water wherein Smithes quench their irons of these materialls make a powder wherewith let those places be sprinkled let a pessary of a competent bignesse be put in at the necke of the wombe but let it bee eight or nine fingers in length according to the proportion of the grieved patients body Let them bee made either with latin or of corke covered with waxe of an ovall forme having a thred at one end whereby they may bee drawne backe againe as need requires The formes of ovall pessaries A. sheweth the body of the Pessary B. sheweth the thread wherewith it must be tyed to the thigh When all this is done let the sicke woman keep her selfe quiet in her bed with her buttocks lying very high and her legs acrosse for the space of eight or ten daies in the meane while the application of cupping glasses will stay the wombe in the right place and seat after it is restored thereunto but if shee hath taken any hurt by cold aire let the privie parts be fomented with a discussing and heating fomentation on this wise â„ž fol. alih salâ—v lavend. rorismar artemis flor chamoem melilotâ—… m ss sem anis foenugr an â„¥ i. let them bee all well boyled in water and wine and make thereof a decoction for your use Give her also glysters that when the guts are emptied of the excrements the womb may the
default of the principall parts For if the brain or the stomacke be cooled or the liver stopped or schirrous many crudities are engendered which if they runne or fall downe into the wombe that is weake by nature they cause the fluxe of the wombe or whites but if this fluxe be moderate and not sharpe it keepeth the body from maligne diseases otherwise it useth to inferre a consumption leannesse palenesse and an oedematous swelling of the legges the falling downe of the wombe the dejection of the appetite and all the faculties and continuall sadnesse and sorrowfulnesse from which it is very hard to perswade the sicke woman because that her minde and heart will bee almost broken by reason of the shame that shee taketh because such filth floweth continually it hindereth conception because it either corrupteth or driveth out the seed when it is conceived Often times if it stoppeth for a few moneths the matter that stayeth there causeth an abscesse about the wombe in the body or necke thereof and by the breaking of the abscesse there followeth rotten and cancerous ulcers sometimes in the wombe sometimes in the groine and often in the hippes This disease is hard to bee cured not onely by reason of it selfe as because all the whole filth and superfluous excrements of a womans body floweth downe into the womb as it were into a sink because it is naturally weak hath an inferiour situation many vessells ending therein and last of all because the courses are wont to come through it as also by reason of the sicke woman who often times had rather dye than to have that place seene the disease knowne or permit locall medicines to bee applied thereto for so saith Montanus that on a time hee was called to a noble woman of Italy who was troubled with this disease unto whom hee gave counsell to have cleansing decoctions injected into her wombe which when shee heard she fell into a swoune and desired her husband never thereafter to use his counsell in any thing CHAP. LX. The cure of the Whites IF the matter that floweth out in this disease bee of a red colour it differeth from the naturall monthly fluxe in this onely because it keeps no order or certain time in its returning Therfore phlebotomy and other remedies which we have spoken of as requisite for the menstruall fluxe when it floweth immoderately is here necessary to be used But if it bee white or doth testifie or argue the ill juice of this or that humour by any other colour a purgation must be prescribed of such things as are proper to the humour that offends for it is not good to stop such a flux suddenly for it is necessary that so the body should be purged of such filth or abundance of humours for they that doe hasten to stop it cause the dropâ—ie by reason that this sinke of humours is turned backe into the liver or else a cancer in the womb because it is stayed there or a feaver or other diseases according to the condition of the part that receiveth it Therefore we must not come to locall detersives deâ—iâ—catives restrictives unlesse we have first used universall remedies according to art Alom baths baths of brimstone and of bitumen or iron are convenient for the whites that come of a phlegmaticke humour instead whereof bathes may bee made of the decoction of herbes that are hot dry and endued with an aromaticke power with alome and pebbles or flint-stones red hot throwne into the same Let this bee the forme of a cleansinâ— decoction and injection â„ž fol. absynth agrimon centinod burs past an mss boyle them together and make thereof a decoction in which dissolve mellis rosar â„¥ ii aloes myrrhae salis nitri an Ê’i make thereof an injection the woman being so placed on a pillow under her buttockes that the necke of the wombe being more high may be wide open when the injection is received let the woman â—et her legges acrosse and draw them up to her buttockes and so shee may keepe that which is injected They that endeavour to dry and bind more strongly adde the juice of acatia greene galles the rindes of pomegranates roch alome romane vitrioll and they boile them in Smithes water and red wine pessaries may be made of the like faculty If the matter that commeth forth be of an ill colour or smell it is like that there is a rotten ulcer therefore we ought to inject those things that have power to correct the putrefaction among which aegyptiacum dissolved in lye or red wine excelleth There are women which when they are troubled with a virulent Gonorrhaea or an involuntary fluxe of the seed cloaking the fault with an honest name doe untruly say that they have the whites because that in both these diseases a great abundance of filth is voided But the Chyrurgian may easily perceive that malady by the rottennesse of the matter that floweth out and hee shall perswade himselfe that it will not bee cured without salivation or fluxing at the mouth and sweats In the meane while let him put in an instrument made like unto a pessary and cause the sicke woman to hold it there this instrument must have many holes in the upper end through which the purulent matter may passe which by staying or stopping might get a sharpnesse as also that so the womb may breathe the more freely and may be kept more temperate and coole by receiving the aire by the benefit of a spring whereby this instrument being made like unto a pessary is opened and shut The forme of an instrument made like unto a pessary whereby the wombe may bee ventilated A. sheweth the end of the instrument which must have many holes therein B. sheweth the body of the instrument C. sheweth the plate whereby the mouth of the instrument is opened and shut as wide and as close as you will for to receive aire more freely D. sheweth the spring EE shew the laces and bands to tye about the patients body that so the instrument may be stayed and kept fast in his place CHAP. LXI Of the hoemorrhoides and wartes of the necke of the wombe LIke as in the fundament so in the necke of the wombe there are hoemorrhoides and as it were varicous veines often times flowing with much blood or with a red and stinking whayish humor Some of these by reason of their rednesse and great in equality as it were of knobs are like unripe mulberries and are called vulgarly venae morales that is to say the veines or hoemorrhoides like unto mulberries others are like unto grapes and therefore are named uvales other some are like unto warts and therefore are called venae verrucales some appeare shew themselves with a great tumour others are little and in the bottome of the neck of the wombe others are in the side or edge thereof Achrochordon is a kinde of wart with a
callous bunch or knot having a thin or slender root and a greater head like unto the knot of a rope hanging by a small thread it is called of the Arabians verrucâ— botoralis There is also another kinde of wart which because of his great roughnesse and unequality is called thymus as resembling the flower of Thyme All such diseases are exasperated and made more grievous by any exercise especially by venereous acts many times they have a certaine malignity and an hidden virulency joyned with them by occasion whereof they are aggravated even by touching onely because they have their matter of a raging humour therefore to these we may not rightly use a true but onely the palliative cure as they terme it the Latines call them onely ficus but the French men name them with an adjunct St. Fiacrius figges CHAP. LXII Of the cure of the Warts that are in the necke of the wombe THe warts that grow in the necke of the wombe if they bee not maligne are to bee tyed with a thread and so cut ofâ— Those that lye hid more deep in the wombe may be seene and cured by opening the matrix with a dilater made for the purpose Divers Specula matricis or Dilators for the inspection of the matrix An other forme of a dilater or Speculum matricis whereof the declaration followeth A. sheweth the screw which shutteth and openeth the dilater of the matrix B. B. shew the armes or branches of the instrument which ought to be eight or nine fingers long But these dilaters of the matrix ought to be of a bignesse correspondent to the patients body let them be put into the matrix when the woman is placed as wee have said when the child is to be drawne out of her body That instrument is most meet to tye the warts which wee have described in the relaxation of the palate or Uvula let them bee tyed harder and harder every day untill they fall away Therefore for the curing of warts there are three chiefe scopes as bands sections cauteries and lest they grow up againe let oyle of vitrioll be dropped on the place or aqua fortis or some of the lye wherewith potentiall cauteries are made This water following is most effectuall to consume and waste warts â„ž aq plantag â„¥ vi virid aeris Ê’ii alum roch Ê’iii sal com â„¥ ss vit rom sublim an Ê’ss beat them all together and boile them let one or two drops of this water be dropped on the grieved place not touching any place else but if there be an ulcer it must be cured as I have shewed before A certain man studious of physick of late affirmed to me that oxe dung tempered with the leaves or powder of savine would waste the warts of the wombe if it were applied thereto warme which whether it be true or not let experience the mistresse of things be â—udge verily cantharides put into unguents will doe it and as it is likely more effectually for they will consume the callousnesse which groweth betweene the toes or fingers I have proved by experience that the warts that grow on the hands may be cured by applying of purslain beaten or stampt in its own juice The leaves and flowers of marigolds doe certainely performe the selfe same thing CHAP. LXIII Of chaps and those wrinkled and hard excrescences which the greeks call Condylomata CHapps or fissures are cleft and very long little ulcers with paine very sharpe and burning by reason of the biting of an acride salt and dryâ—ng humour making so great a contraction and often times narrownesse in the fundament and the necke of the wombe that scarcely the â—oppe of ones finger may be put into the orifice thereof like unto pieces of leaâ—â—er or parchment which are wrinkled and parched by holding of them to the fire They rise sometimes in the mouth so that the patient can neither speake eat nor open his mouth so that the Chirurgian is constrained to cut it In the cure thereof all sharpe things are to be avoided and those which mollifie are to be used and the grieved part or place is to be moistened with fomentations liniments cataplasmes emplasters and if the malady bee in the wombe a dilater of the matrix or pessary must be put thereinto very often so to widen that which is over hard too much drawn together or narrow and then the cleft little ulcers must be cicatrized Condylomata are certaine wrinkled and hard bunches and as it were excrescences of flesh rising especially in the wrinkled edges of the fundament and neck of the womb Cooling and relaxing medicines ought to be used against this disease such as are oile of egges and oyle of linseed take of each of them two ounces beat them together a long time in a leaden mortar and therewith anoint the grieved part but if there be an inflammation put thereto a little camphire CHAP. LXIV Of the itching of the wombe IN women especially such as are old there often times commeth an itching in the neck of the wombe which doth so trouble them with pain and a desire to scratch that it taketh away their sleep Not long since a woman asked my counsell that was so troubled with this kind of malady that she was constrained to extinguish or stay the itching burning of her secret parts by sprinkling cinders of fire and rubbing them hard on the place I counselled her to take aegypt dissolved in sea-water or lye inject it into her secret parts with a syringe and to wet stupes of flaxe in the same medicine and put them up into the wombe and so she was cured Many times this itch commeth in the fundament or testicles of aged men by reason of the gathering together or confluxe of salt flagme which when it falleth into the eyes it causeth the patient to have much adoe to refraine scratching when this matter hath dispersed it selfe into the whole habite of the body it causeth a burning or itching scabbe which must be cured by a cooling and a moistening diet by phlebotomy and purging of the salt humour by bathes and hornes applied with scarification and anointing of the whole body with the unction following â„ž axung porcin recent lb i ss sap nig vel gallici salis nitri assat tartar staphisag an â„¥ ss sulph viv â„¥ i. argent viv â„¥ ii acet ros quart i. in conporate them all together and make thereof a liniment according to art and use 〈◊〉 is said before unguentum enulatum cum mercurio is thought to have great force not without desert to asswage the itch and dry the scab Some use this that followeth â„ž alum spum nitr sulph viv an Ê’ vi staphis â„¥ i. let them all be dissolved in viâ—…gar of roses adding thereto butyr recent q. s make thereof a liniment for the forenamed use CHAP. LXV Of the relaxation of the great gut or
Mellis ℥ i. irritantisʒi ℞ Mellis cocti ℥ i. pul Colocynthidos ℈ ss Salis gemmae ℈ i. fiat Suppositorium Wee use Suppositories when the sicke by his infirmity is unwilling or not able to beare or away with a Glyster as in burning Feavers or when as one being injected is slow and resteth in the guts And we use the sharper Suppositories in seporiferous affects of the head that they might provoke the dull faculty of the guts to expulsion As also when the condition of the disease is such that by the use of Glysters there is manifest hurt as in an Enterocele where the gut so swels that over and above it be filled by the glyster infused it would the more presse the Peritonaeum so that straightwaies by the relaxed or broken part it might easily be devolved into the Codde Nodules have the same use with Suppositories and are oftentimes substituted in stead of Glysters They are made of gentle medicines as the yelkes of Egges with a little Salt and Butter or of Gall and Honey tyed up in a cloth in the forme of a Filbert the string of it may hang forth whereby the Nodule in the fundament may be drawne forth This description may be an example of Nodules ℞ Vitellum unius ovi cui adde salis modicum fellis vervecis mellis an ℥ ss butyri ℥ iii. misce fiant Noduli filo appensi A Pessary is grosser than a Suppository and is appointed for the wombe being made with Cotton-wooll or Silke steeped in some medicament and then put into the necke of the wombe A pessary is used either to ulcers of the necke of the wombe or for the procuring or stopping of the Menstrua or against sordide and hurtfull humours of the wombe causing hystericall passions and therefore to be wasted away and evacuated Therefore in the composition of pessaries are used gummes juices seeds of herbes roots and many other things according to the advise of the Phisitian they are also made of a solide consistence the bignesse of a finger that they may enter into the necke of the wombe these being tyed with a string which must hang forth to plucke it out withall when occasion serves This following may be an example of their description rum myrrh aloes an ʒ i. sabin semin nigel arthemis an ʒ ii radic ellebor nig ʒ i. croci ℈ i. cum succo mercurial melle fiat pessus let it bee tied to the thigh with a thread Or this ℞ mastich thurii an ℥ iii. alum ros rub nuc cupres an ʒ ii ladan hypoci sumach myrtil an ʒ iii. fiant pessi cum succo arnoglos cotoniorum According to this example others may be made for to mollifie to binde to cleanse to incarnate to cicatrize and cover the ulcers of the womb they are to be put up when the patient lieth in bed and to be kept all night Pessaries are also made of medicinable powders not onely mingled with some juice but also with those powders alone being put into a little bagge of some thinne matter being stuffed with a little cotton that it might be of a convenient stiffenesse and this kinde of pessaries may bee used profitably in the falling of the mother An example of one mentioned by Rondeletius in his booke of inward Medicines is as followeth ℞ Benioini styracis caryoph an ʒ i. gal mosch ℥ ss moschi gr vi fiat pulvis this being made up with cotton may be put up into the body CHAP. XXIV Of Oyles PRoperly and commonly we call oile that juice which is pressed forth of Olives but the word is used more largely for we call every juice of a fluxible unctuous and aiery substance Oyle There are three differences of these oleaginous juices The first is of those things which yeeld oile by expression as well fruits as seeds being bruised that by beating the oily juice may be pressed forth some are drawn without fire as oile of sweet and bitter almonds oyle of nuts of palma Christi Others are made to runne by the helpe of fire by which meanes is gotten oile of baies linseed oyle rape oyle oile of hempe and such like The manner of drawing oile from seeds is set downe by Mesue in his third booke The second sort is of those oyles which are made by the infusion of simple medicines in oyle wherein they leave their qualities and this is done three severall waies the first is by boyling of roots leaves tops of flowers fruits seeds gummes whole beastes with wine water or some other juice with common or any other oile untill the wine water or juice bee consumed which you may perceive to bee perfectly done if you cast a droppe of the oyle into the fire and it maketh no noise but burneth It is to be remembred that sometimes the seeds or fruits are for a certaine time to be macerated before they are set to the fire but it must bee boiled in a double vessell lest the oyle partake of the fire After this manner is made oleum costinum rutaceum de croco cydoniorum myrtillorum mastichinum de euphorbio vulpinum de scorpionibus and many others The second is by a certaine time of maceration some upon hot ashes others in horse dung that by that moderate heat the oile might draw forth the effects of the infused medicines into it selfe The third is by insolation that is when these or these flowers being infused in oile are exposed to the sunne that by the heat thereof the oile may change and draw into him selfe the faculty of the flowers which are infused of this kinde are oile of roses chamomile dill lillies of water lillies violets and others as you may see in Mesue The third kinde is properly that of the Chimists and is done by resolution made after divers manners and of this sort there are divers admirable qualities of divers oleaginous juices whether they be made by the sunne or fire or putrefaction as we shall speake in his place hereafter Wee use oiles when wee would have the vertue of the medicament to pierce deepe or the substance of the medicines mingled with the oile to bee soft and gentle Moreover when wee prepare oiles that should be of a cooling quality the common oile of the unripe Olive is to be used of that should the oile of roses be made Againe when we would prepare oiles of heating qualities such as are Oleum philosophorum or of Tiles sweet and ripe oile is to be chosen CHAP. XXV Of Liniments ALiniment is an externall medicine of a meane consistence between an oile and an ointment for it is thicker than an oile for besides oile it is compounded with butter axungia and such like which is the reason why a liniment is more efficacious in ripening and mitigating paine than simple oile The varieties of liniments is drawn from their effects some coole others heat some humect some ripen others by composition
litharg auri lb i. terebinth clarae â„¥ ii styracis liquid â„¥ i s8 argenti vivi extincti so much as the present occasion shall require and the sicke shall be able to beare and make up the plaister To one pound of the plaster they doe commonly adde foure ounces of quick-silver yet for the most part they doe encrease the dose as they desire the plaster should be stronger the wormes must be washed with faire water and then with a little wine to cleanse them from their earthie filth of which they are full and so the frogs are to be washt and macerated in wine and so boiled together to the consumption of a third part then the squinanth must bee bruised the feverfew and the staechas cut small and they being added to be boiled to the consumption of one pint and being boiled sufficiently the decoction being cooled shall bee strained and kept and the Letharge is to be infused for twelve houres in the oile of chamomile dill lillies saffron and the axungies above spoken of Then boile them all with a gentle fire by and by taking it from the fire and adde one quart of the decoction above spoken of then set it to the fire againe that the decoction may bee consumed and then by degrees adde to the rest of the decoction the oile of spike shall bee reserved unto the last which may give the plaster a good smell Then are added the juices of walwort and enula which must bee boiled untill they bee wasted away Afterwards it being taken from the fire to the composition is added the frankincense and euphorbium and white wax as much as shall suffice When the whole masse shall coole then at last is mingled the quick-silver extinct turpentine oile of bitter almonds baies spike of line styrax and axungia being continually stirred and it shall bee made up upon a stone into rolls Unlesse the quick-silver be well extinguished it will runne all into one place and unlesse you tarrie untill the composition coole it will vapour away in fume â„ž croci Ê’ii bdellii mastich ammon styrac liquid an â„¥ ss cerae alb lb s8 tereb â„¥ vi medul cruris vaccae adipis anserini an â„¥ i. aesypi vel si desit axung gallin â„¥ ix olei nard quantum satis ad magdaleones formandos expressionis scillae â„¥ i s8 olibani sevi vitul â„¥ i. The oesypus sepum adeps medulla cera are to bee dissolved together when they coole adde the ammoniacum dissolved in the decoction of faenugreeke and chamomile halfe an ounce and so much juice of squils then put to the styrax and turpentine stirring them continually then adde the bdellium olibanum mastich aloes brought into fine powder and when they are perfectly incorporated into a masse let them bee made up with oleum nardinum into rolls rum terebinth lb s8 resin lb i. cer alb â„¥ iv mastich â„¥ i. fol. verben betonic pimpinel an m i. The herbes being greene the tops are to bee cut and bruised in a stone mortar and boiled in red wine to the consumption of one third part To the strained liquor adde waxe cut into small pieces and being dissolved by the fire the liquor being consumed put to the rosine when it shall coole adde the Mastick powdred working it with your hands by which it may bee incorporated with the rest of the things â„ž succi beton plantag apii an lb i. cerae picis resin tereb an lb s8 fiat empl the juices are to bee mingled with the waxe being dissolved and boiling them untill three parts be consumed adde the rosine and pitch which being dissolved and hot must be strained and then adde the Turpentine and make up the plaster rum croci picis com or rather picis navalis because this emplaster is used to discusse and draw forth the matter which causeth the paine of the joints coloph. cerae an â„¥ ii tereb galb ammon thuris myrrhae mastioh an Ê’v ss The cera pix and colophonia are by little and little to bee dissolved to which adde the gummes dissolved according to art and mingled with the terebinth and taking it from the fire adde the thus myrrha and at last the crocus in fine powder and then make it up into rowles with oyle of wormes rum ol com lb ii cerus subtilis lb i. boile them together with a gentle fire stirring them continually untill they come to the body of an emplaster if you would have the plaster whiter take but â„¥ ix of the oile â„ž lytharg triti acet fortis an lb ss ol antiq lb i. fiat emplastrum let the oile bee mingled with the litharge for the space of twelve houres then boile them untill they come to a good consistence putting in the vinegar by little and little but you shall not take it from the fire untill the vinegar be quite wasted away rum ol vet lb iii. axung vet sine sale lb ii lytharg trit lb iii. vitriol â„¥ iv let the oyle bee mingled with the lytharge for the space of twelve houres and boile them to a good consistence then adde to the axungia stirring them continually with a spatter made of the palme tree reed or willow and being sufficiently boiled take it from the fire and adde the vitrioll in fine powder â„ž picis naval aloes an â„¥ iii. lytharg cerae coloph. galban ammoniac an â„¥ ii visci querni â„¥ vi gypsi ust utriusque aristoloch ana â„¥ iv myrrhae thuris an â„¥ vi tereb â„¥ ii pulveris vermium terrestrium gallar utriusq consolid bol arm an â„¥ iv sang humani lb i. fiat emplast If you would have it of a very good consistence you may add of the oile of myrtills or mastich lb ss you shall make it thus Take the skinne of a Ramme cut in pieces and boyle it in an hundred pints of water and vinegar untill it come to a glew or stiffe gelly in which you shall dissolve the visco quer then adde the pitch and waxe broken into small pieces and if you will you may adde the oile with them afterwards the galban and ammoniac dissolved in vinegar being mingled with the terebinth may be added Then adde the litharge gypsum bol aristoloch consolida vermes sang human At last the myrrhe thus colophon and aloe stirring them continually and that they may bee the better mingled worke the plaster with a hot pestell in a mortar rum mucag. sem lini rad alth foenug median corticis ulmi an â„¥ iv olei liliacei cham aneth an â„¥ i ss ammon opopanac sagap ana â„¥ ss croci Ê’ii cerae nov lb ss tereb â„¥ ss fiat empl Fernelius hath â„¥ xx of wax the wax being cut small must be mingled with the oiles and the mucilages stirring them continually with a wooden spatter till the liquor be consumed Then the gummes dissolved and mingled with the terebinthina must be
added and last of all the saffron finely poudered rum ol ros myrtil ung populeon ana â„¥ iv pinguedinis gallin â„¥ ii sebi arietis castrati sepi vaccini an â„¥ vi pingued porci â„¥ x. lytharg auri argenti an â„¥ iii. cerus â„¥ iv minii â„¥ iii. tereb â„¥ iv cerae q. s fiat emplastrum vel ceratum molle The lithargiros cerusa and minium are to be brought into fine powder severally being sprinkled with a little rose water lest the finest of it should flye away these being mingled with the oile of roses and myrtles with a gentle fire may bee boiled untill they come to the consistence of hony then adde the axungia's and boile them till the whole grow black after adde the sebum and that being dissolved take it from the fire and then adde the unguentum populeon and some waxe if there be need and so bring it to the forme of a plaster â„ž litharg puri pul â„¥ xii ol irin chamaem aneth an â„¥ viii mucag. sem lini foenug rad alth ficuum ping uvar. passar succi ireos scillae oesipi icthyocollae an Ê’xii ss tereb â„¥ iii. res pini cerae flavae an â„¥ ii fiat emplastrum The litharge is to be mingled with the oyle before it be set to the fire then by a gentle fire it is to be boiled to a just consistence after the mucilage by degrees must bee put in which being consumed the juices must bee added and the icthyocolla and they being wasted too then put to the waxe and rosine then taking the whole from the fire and the oesipus and terebinthina We use plasters when wee would have the remedy sticke longer and firmer to the part and would not have the strength of the medicament to flye away or exhale too suddenly CHAP. XXVIII Of Cataplasmes and Pultisses CAtaplasmes are not much unlike to emplasters lesse properly so called for they may be spred upon linnen cloaths and stoupes like them and so applied to the grieved parts They are composed of roots leaves fruits flowers seeds herbes juices oiles fats marrowes meales rosines Of these some must bee boiled others crude The boiled are made of herbes boiled tender and so drawne through an haire searse adding oiles and axungia's thereto The crude are made of herbes beaten or their juices mixed with oile and flower or other powders appropriate to the part or disease as the Physitian shall thinke fit The quantity of medicines entring these compositions can scarce be defined for that they must be varied as we would have the composition of a softer or harder body Verily they ought to be more grosse and dense when as we desire to ripen anything but more soft and liquid when wee endeavour to discusse We use cataplasmes to asswage paine digest discusse and resolve unnaturall tumors and flatulencies They ought to be moderately hot and of subtle parts so to attract and draw forth yet their use is suspected the body being not yet purged for thus they draw downe more matter into the affected part Neither must wee use these when as the matter that is to be discussed is more grosse and earthy for thus the subtler parts will be oaely discussed and the grosse remaine impact in the part unlesse your cataplasme be made of an equall mixture of things not only discussing but also emollient as it is largely handled by Galen This shall be largely illustrated by examples As â„ž medul panis lb ss decoquantur in lacte pingui adde olei chamam â„¥ ss axung galin â„¥ i. fiat cataplasma Or â„ž rad alth â„¥ iii. fol. malv. senecionis an m i. sem lini faenug an Ê’ ii ficus ping nu vi decoquantar in aqua per setaceum transmittantur addendo olet lilior â„¥ i. far hord â„¥ ii axung porcin â„¥ i ss fi at cataplasma Or â„ž far fab orob an â„¥ ii pulv chamam melil an Ê’ iii. ol irin amygd amar an â„¥ i. succi rut â„¥ ss fiat cataplasma Pultisses differ not from cataplasmes but that they usually consist of meales boiled in oile water hony or axungia Pultisses for the ripening of tumours are made of the floure of barly wheat and milke especially in the affects of the entralles or else to dry and binde of the meale of rice lentiles or Orobus with vinegar or to cleanse and they are made of hony the floure of beanes and lupines adding thereto some old oile or any other oile of hot quality and so make a discussing pultis Also anodine pultisses may bee made with milke as thus for example â„ž farin triticeae â„¥ ii mica panis purissimi â„¥ iii. decoquantur in lacte fiat pulticula â„ž farin hordei fab an â„¥ ii far orob â„¥ iii. decoquantur in hydromelete addendo mell is quart i. olei amyg amar â„¥ ii fiat pulticula Wee use pultisses for the same purpose as wee doe cataplasmes to the affects both of the internall and externall parts Wee sometimes use them for the killing of wormes and such are made of the meale of lupines boiled in vinegar with an Oxes gall or in a decoction of Worme-wood and other such like bitter things CHAP. XXIX Of Fomentations A Fotus or fomentation is an evaporation or hot lotion chiefly used to mollifie relaxe and asswage paine consisting of medicines having these faculties A fomentation commonly useth to be moist being usually made of the same things as embrocations to wit of roots seeds flowers boiled in water or wine The roots here used are commonly of mallowes marsh-mallowes and lillies The seedes are of mallowes marsh-mallowes parsly smallage line fenugreeke Flowers are of chamomile melilote figges raisons and the like all which are to bee boiled in wine water or lye to the consumption of the third part or the halfe as â„ž Rad. alth lilil an â„¥ ii sem lini foenug cumin an Ê’iii flo cham melil aneth an p. i. summit orig m. ss bulliant in aequis partibus aquae vini aut in duabus partibus aqua una vini aut in Lixivio cineris sarmentorum ad tertiae partis consumptionem fiat fotus In imitation hereof you may easily describe other fomentations as occasion and necessity shall require We use fomentations before we apply cataplasmes oyntments or plasters to the part that so we may open the breathing places or pores of the skin relaxe the parts attenuate the humour that thus the way may be the more open to the following medicines The body being first purged fomentations may be used to what parts you please They may be applyed with a female spunge for it is gentler and softer than the male with felt woollen clothes or the like dipped in the warme decoction wrung out and often renued otherwise you may fill a Swines bladder halfe full especially in paines of the sides of the decoction or else a stone bottle so to keep hot the
over the fire untill all the liquor be almost wasted away Then they cut into peeces the salt or that earthy matter which remains after the boyling away of the Capitellum with a knife or hot iron spatula forme them into cauteries of such figure and magnitude as they thinke fitting and so they lay them up or keep them for use in a violl or glasse closly stopped that the ayre get not in Or Take a bundle or sufficient quantity of Beane stalkes or huskes of Colewort stalks two little bundles of cuttings of Vines foure bundles burn them all to ashes which put into a vessell of river water so let them infuse for a dayes space being stirred ever now and then to this adde two pounds of unquencht lime of Axungia vitri halfe a pound of calcined Tartar two pounds of Sal niter foure ounces infuse all these being made into powder in the foresaid Lye for two or three dayes space often stirring it then straine the Capitellum or liquor through a thicke cloth untill it become cleare Put it into a bason and set it over the fire and when as the moisture is almost wholly spent let two or three ounces of vitrioll be added when the moisture is sufficiently evaporated make cauteries of that which remaines after the formerly mentioned manner Take of the ashes of sound knotty old Oake as much as you please make thereof a Lye powre this Lye againe upon other fresh ashes of the same wood let this bee done three or foure times then quench some lime in this Lye of these two make a Capitellum whereof you may make most approved cauteries For such ashes are hot in the fourth degree and in like sort the stones whereof the lime by burning becomes fiery and hot to the fourth degree Verily I have made cauteries of Oake ashes only which have wrought quickly and powerfully The Capitellum or Lye is thought sufficiently strong if that an Egge will swimme therein without sinking Or Take of the ashes of Bean stalkes three pounds of unquencht lime Argoll of the ashes of Oake wood being all well burnt of each two pounds Let them for two dayes space be infused in a vessell full of Lye made of the ashes of Oake wood and be often stirred up and downe Let this Lye then be put into another vessell having many holes in the bottome thereof covered with strums or straw pipes that the Capitellum flowing through these strait passages may become more cleare Let it be put twice or thrice upon the ashes that so it may the better extract the heate and causticke quality of the ashes Then putting it into a Barbers bason set it over the fire and when it shall begin to grow thicke the fire must be increased and cauteries made of this concreating matter The following cauteries are the best that ever I made tryall of as those that applyed to the arme in the bignesse of a Pease in the space of halfe an houre without paine especially if the part of it selfe be painlesse and free from inflammation eate into the skinne and flesh even to the bone and make an ulcer of the bignesse of ones fingers end and they leave an eschar so moyst and humide that within foure or five dayes space it will fall away of it selfe without any scarification I have thought good to call these cauteries Silken or Velvet ones not onely for that they are like Silke gentle and without paine but chiefly because I obtained the description of them of a certaine Chymist who kept it as a great secret for some Velvet and much entreaty Their description is this Take of the ashes of Beane stalkes of the ashes of Oake wood well burnt of each three pounds let them bee infused in a pretty quantity of river water and bee often stirred up and down then adde thereto of unqueneht lime foure pounds which being quencht stirre it now and then together for two daies space that the Capitellum may become the stronger then straine it through a thick strong linnen cloth thus strained put it three or foure times upon the ashes that so it may draw more of the causticke faculties from them then boyle it in a Barbers bason or else an earthen one well leaded upon a good Char-cole fire untill it become thicke But a great part of the secret or art consists in the manner and limit of this boyling for this Capitellum becomming thicke and concreating into salt must not bee kept so long upon the fire untill all the moysture shall bee vanished and spent by the heate thereof for thus also the force of the foresaid medicines which also consists in a spirituous substance will bee much dissipated and weakened therefore before it be come to extreme drinesse it shall be taken off from the fire to wit when as yet there shall some thicke moysture remaine which may not hinder the cauteries from being made up into a forme The made up cauteries shall bee put up into a glasse most closely luted up or stopped that the ayre may not dissolve them and so they shall be laid up and kept in a dry place Now because the powder of Mercury is neere to cauteries in the effects and faculty thereof which therefore is termed Pulvis Angelicus for the excellency therefore I have thought good to give you the description thereof which is thus â„ž Auripigmenti citrini floris aeris an â„¥ ii salis nitri lb iss alumin. rochae lb ii vitrioli rom lb iii. Let them all bee powdred and put into a Retort having a large receiver well luted put thereto Then set the Retort over a Fornace and let the distillation be made first with a gentle fire then increased by little and little so that the receiver may waxe a little reddish â„ž Argenti vivi lb ss aquae fortis lb i. ponantur in phiala fiat pulvis ut sequitur Take a large earthen pot whereinto put the violl or bolt head wherein the Argentum vivum and Aqua fortis are contained setting it in ashes up to the necke thereof then set the pot over a fornace or upon hot coales so that it may boyle and evapourate away the Aqua fortis neither in the interim will the glasse bee in any danger of breaking when all the water is vanished away which you may know is done when as it leaves smoaking suffer it to become cold then take it forth of the ashes and you shall finde calcined Mercury in the bottome of the colour of red Lead separated from the white yellow or blacke excrement for the white that concretes in the toppe is called Sublimate which if it should remaine with the calcined Mercury would make it more painfull in the operation Wherefore separating this calcined Mercury you shall make it into powder and put it in a brasse vessell upon some coales stirring or turning it with a spatula for the space of an houre
by the beames of the sunne others by the force of lightnings penetrating the bowels of the earth others by the violence of the aire vehemently or violently agitated no otherwise than fire is strucke by the collision of a flint and steele Yet it is better to referre the cause of so great an effect unto God the maker of the Universe whose providence piercing every way into all parts of the World enters and governes the secret parts and passages thereof Notwithstanding they seeme to have come neerest the truth who referre the cause of heat in waters unto the store of brimstone conteined in certaine places of the earth because amongst all minerals it hath most fire and matter fittest for the nourishing thereof Therefore to it they attribute the flames of fire which the Sicilian mountaine Aetna continually sends forth Hence also it is that the most part of such waters smell of Sulphur yet others smell of Alom others of nitre others of Tarre and some of Coprosse Now you may know from the admixture of what metalline bodies the waters acquire their faculties by their taste sent colour mud which adheres to the channels through which the water runnes as also by an artificiall separation of the more terrestriall parts from the more subtle For the earthy drosse which subsides or remaines by the boiling of such waters will retaine the faculties and substance of Brimstone Alume and the like minerals besides also by the effects and the cure of these or these diseases you may also gather of what nature they are Wherefore wee will describe each of these kinds of waters by their effects beginning first with the sulphureous Sulphureous waters powerfully heat dry resolve open and draw from the center unto the surface of the body they cleanse the skin troubled with scabs tettars they cease the itching of ulcers and digest exhaust the causes of the gout they help paines of the collicke and hardened spleenes But they are not good to be drunk not onely by reason of their ungratefull smell and taste but also by reason of the malitiousnesse of their substance offensive to the inner parts of the body but chiefly to the liver Aluminous waters taste very astrictively therefore they dry powerfully they have no such manifest heat yet drunke they loose the belly I believe by reason of their heat and nitrous quality they cleanse and stay defluxions and the courses flowing too immoderately they also are good against the tooth-ache eating ulcers and the hidden abscesses of the other parts of the mouth Salt and nitrous waters shew themselves sufficiently by their heat they heat dry bind cleanse discusse attenuate resist putrefaction take away the blackenesse comming of bruises heale scabby and maligne ulcers and helpe all oedematous tumors Bituminous waters heate digest and by long continuance soften the hardened sinewes they are different according to the various conditions of the bitumen that they wash and partake of the qualities thereof Brasen waters that is such as retaine the qualities of brasse heat dry cleanse digest cut binde are good against eating ulcers fistula's the hardnesse of the eye-lids and they waste and eat away the fleshy excrescences of the nose and fundament Iron waters coole dry and bind powerfully therefore they helpe abscesses hardened milts the weaknesses of the stomacke and ventricle the unvoluntary shedding of the urine and the too much flowing termes as also the hot distemper of the liver and kidneyes Some such are in the Lucan territory in Italy Leaden waters refrigerate dry and performe such other operations as lead doth the like may bee said of those waters that flow by chalke plaster and other such mineralls as which all of them take and performe the qualities of the bodies by which they passe Hot waters or bathes helpe cold and moist diseases as the Palsic convulsion the stiffenesse and attraction of the nerves trembling palpitations cold distillations upon the joints the inflation of the members by a dropsie the jaundise by obstruction of a grosse tough and cold humour the paines of the sides collick and kidneies barrennesse in women the suppression of their courses the suffocation of the womb causelesse wearinesse those diseases that spoile the skinne as tettars the leprosie of both sorts the scabbe and other diseases arising from a grosse cold and obstructing humour for they provoke sweats Yet such must shunne them as are of a cholericke nature and have a hot liver for they would cause a cachexia and dropsie by overheating the liver Cold waters or baths heale the hot distemper of the whole body each of the parts therof and they are more frequently taken inwardly than applied outwardly they help the laxnesse of the bowels as the resolution of the retentive faculty of the stomacke entralls kidneies bladder and they also adde strength to them Wherefore they both temper the heat of the liver and also strengthen it they stay the Diarrhaea Dysentery Courses unvoluntary shedding of urine the Gonnorrhaea Sweats and Bleedings In this kinde are chiefly commendable the waters of the Spaw in the country of Liege which inwardly and outwardly have almost the same faculty and bring much benefit without any inconvenience as those that are commonly used in the drinks and broaths of the inhabitants In imitation of naturall baths there may in want of them be made artificiall ones by the infusing and mixing the powders of the formerly described mineralls as Brimstone Alume Nitre Bitumen also you may many times quench in common or raine water iron brasse silver and gold heated red hot and so give them to be drunk by the patient for such waters doe oft times retain the qualities and faculties of the metals quenched in them as you may perceive by the happy successe of such as have used them against the Dysentery Besides these there are also other bathes made by art of simple water sometimes without the admixture of any other thing but otherwhiles with medicinall things mixed therewith and boiled therein But after what manner soever these bee made they ought to be warme for warm water humects relaxes mollifies the solid parts if at any time they bee too dry hard and tense by the ascititious heat it opens the pores of the skinne digests attracts and discusses fuliginous and acrid excrements remaining betweene the flesh and the skin It is good against sun-burning and wearinesse whereby the similar parts are dried more than is fit To conclude whether we be too hot or cold or too dry or be nauseous we find manifest profit by baths made of sweet or warme water as those that may supply the defect of frictions and exercises for they bring the body to a mediocrity of temper they encrease and strengthen the native colour and by procuring sweat discusse flatulencies therefore they are very usefull in hecticke feavers and in the declension of all feavers and against raving and talking
idely for they procure sleep But because water alone cannot long adhere to the body let oile bee mixed or put in them which may hold in the water and keep it longer to the skinne These bathes are good against the inflammations of the lungs and sides for they mitigate pain and help forward that which is suppurated to exclusion when as generall remedies according to art have preceded for otherwise they will cause a greater defluxion on the afflicted parts for a bath in Galens opinion is profitably used to diseases when as the morbifick matter is concocted To this purpose is chosen rain water then river water so that it be not muddy and then fountaine water the water of standing lakes and fennes is not approved of for it is fit that the water which is made choice of for a bath of sweet water should bee light and of subtle parts for baths of waters which are more than moderately hot or cold yeeld no such commodity but verily they hurt in this that they shut up or close the pores of the body and keepe in the fuliginous excrements under the skinne other bathes of sweet or fresh water consist of the same matter as fomentations doe whence it is that some of them relaxe others mitigate paine others cleanse and othersome procure the courses that is compounded of a decoction of ingredients or plants having such operations To these there is sometimes added wine other whiles oile sometimes fresh butter or milke as when the urine is stopped when nephriticke paines are violent when the nerves are contracted when the habite of the body wastes and wrinkles with a hecticke drynesse for this corrugation is amended by relaxing things but it is watred and as it were fatted by humecting things which may penetrate trans-fuse the oily or fatty humidity into the body thus rarified and opened by the warmnesse of a bath Anodine bathes are made of a decoction of medicines of a middle nature such as are temperate and relaxing things with which wee may also sometimes mixe resolving things they are boiled in water and wine especially in paines of the collicke proceeding from vitreous phlegme or grosse and thicke flatulencies conteined or shut up in the belly kidneyes or wombe In such bathes it is not fit to sweat but onely to sit in them so long untill the bitternesse of the paine be asswaged or mitigated lest the powers weakened by paine should bee more resolved by the breaking forth of sweat emollients are sometimes mixed with gentle detergents when as the skin is rough and cold or when the scailes or crust of scabs is more hard than usuall then in conclusion we must come to strong detersives and driers lastly to drying and somewhat astrictive medicines so to strengthen the skinne that it may not yeeld it selfe so easie and open to receive defluxions By giving you one example the whole manner of prescribing a bath may apppeare â„ž rad lilior albor bismalv an lb ii malv. pariet violar an m ss sem lini foenug bismalv an lb i. flor cham mclil aneth an p vi fiat decoctio in sufficienti aquae quantitate cui permiscito olei liliorum lini ana lb ii fiat balneum in quo diutius natet aeger Bathes though noble remedies approved by use and reason yet unlesse they bee fitly and discreetly used in time plenty and quality they doe much harme for they cause shakings and chilnesse paines density of the skinne or too much rarefaction thereof and oft times a resolution of all the faculties Wherefore a man must bee mindfull of these cautions before he enter a bath first that there be no weaknesse of any noble and principall bowell for the weak parts easily receive the humors which the bath hath diffused and rarified the waies lying open which tend from the whole body to the principall parts Neither must there be any plenty of crude humours in the first region for so they should be attracted and diffused over all the body therefore it is not onely sit that generall purgations should precede but also particular by the belly and urine besides the patient should bee strong that can fasting endure a bath as long as it is needfull Lastly the bath ought to be in a warme and silent place lest any cold aire by its blowing or the water by its cold appulse cause a shivering or shaking of the body whence a feaver may ensue The morning is a fit time for bathing the stomacke being fasting and empty or sixe hours after meat if it be requisite that the patient should bath twice a day other-wise the meat yet crude would bee snatched by the heate of the bath out of the stomacke into the veines and habite of the body Many of all the seasons of the yeere make choice of the spring and end of summer and in these times they chuse a cleare day neither troubled with stormy windes nor too sharpe an aire As long as the patient is in the bath it is fit that he take no meate unlesse peradventure to comfort him hee take a little bread moistened in wine or the juice of an orange or some damaske prunes to quench his thirst his strength will shew how long it is fit that he should stay in for he must not stay there to the resolution of his powers for in baths the humide and spirituous substance is much dissipated Comming forth of the bath they must presently get them to bed and be well covered that by sweating the excrements drawne unto the skinne by the heat of the bath may breake out the sweat cleansed let him use gentle frictions or walking then let him feede upon meat of good juice and easie digestion by reason that the stomacke cannot but be weakened in some sort by the bath That quantity of meat is judged moderate the weight whereof shall not oppresse the stomacke venery after bathing must not bee used because to the resolution of the spirits by the bath it addes another new cause of further spending or dissipating them Some wish those that use the bath by reason of some contraction paine or other affects of the nerves presently after bathing to dawbe or besmeare the affected nervous parts with the clay or mudde of the bathe that by making it up as it were in this paste the vertue of the bath may worke more effectually and may more throughly enter into the affected part These cautions being diligently observed there is no doubt but the profit by bathes will be great wonderfull the same things are to be observed in the use of Stoves or Hot-houses for the use and effect of baths and hot-houses is almost the same which the antients therefore used by turne so that comming forth of the bath they entred a stove and called it also by the name of a bath as you may gather from sundry places of Galen in his Methodus med wherefore I thinke it fit in the next
mixed together in equall proportion with a like quantity of the liquor contained in the bladders of elme leaves is very good for the same purpose Also this â„ž mica panis albi lb iv flor fabar rosar alb flor naenuph lilior ireos an lb ii lactis vaccini lb vi ova nu viii aceti opt lb i. distillentur omnia simul in alembico vitreo fiat aqua ad faciei manuum lotionem Or â„ž olci de tartaro â„¥ iii. mucag. sem psilii â„¥ i. cerus in oleo ros dissolut â„¥ i ss borac sal gem an Ê’ i. fiat lintmentum pro facie Or. â„ž caponem vivum caseum ex lacte caprino recenter confectum limon nu iv ovor nu vi cerus lot in aq rosar â„¥ ii boracis â„¥ i ss camph. Ê’ ii aq flor fabar lb iv fiat omnium infusio per xxiv horas postea distillentur in alembico vitreo There is a most excellent fucus made of the marrow of sheepes bones which smooths the roughnesse of the skinne beautifies the face now it must be thus extracted Take the bones severed from the flesh by boyling beat them and so boyle them in water when they are well boyled take them from the fire and when the water is cold gather the fat that swimmes upon it and therewith anoint your face when as you goe to bed and wash it in the morning with the formerly prescribed water â„ž salis ceruss Ê’ ii ung citrin vel spermat ceti â„¥ i. malaxentur simul fiat linimentum addendo olci ovor Ê’ ii The Sal cerussae is thus made grinde Cerusse into very fine powder and infuse lb i. thereof in a pottle of distilled vinegar for foure or five dayes then filter it then set that you have filtred in a glased earthen vessell over a gentle fire untill it concrete into salt just as you doe the capitellum in making of Cauteries â„ž excrementi lacert ossis saepiae tartari vini albi rasur corn cerv farin oriz. an partes aequales fiat pulvis infundatur in aqua distillata amygdalarum dulcium limacum vinealium flor nenuph. huic addito mellis albi par pondus let them be all incorporated in a marble mortar and kept in a glasse or silver vessell and at night anoint the face herewith it wonderfully prevailes against the rednesse of the face if after the aâ—ointing it you shall cover the face with a linnen cloath moistened in the formerly described water â„ž sublim Ê’ i. argent viv saliv extinct Ê’ ii margarit non perforat Ê’ i. caph Ê’ i ss incorporentur simul in mortario marmoreo cum pistillo ligneo per tres horas ducantur fricentur reducanturque in tenuissimum pulverem confectus pulvis abluatur aqua myrti desiccetur serveturque ad usum adde foliorum auri argenti nu x. When as you would use this powder put into the palme of your hand a little oile of mastick or of sweet almonds then presently in that oyle dissolve a little of the described powder and so work it into an ointment wherewith let the face be anointed at bed-time but it is fit first to wash the face with the formerly described waters and againe in the morning when you rise When the sace is freed from wrinkles and spots then may you paint the cheekes with a rosie and flourishing colour for of the commixture of white and red ariseth a native and beautifull colour for this purpose take as much as you shall thinke fit of brasill and alchunet steep them in alume water and there with touch the cheeks and lips and so suffer it to dry in there is also spanish red made for this purpose others rub the mentioned parts with a sheeps skinne died red moreover the friction that is made by the hand onely a pleasing rednesse in the face by drawing thither the blood and spirits CHAP. XLV Of the Gutta Rosacea or a fiery face THis treatise of Fuci puts me in minde to say something in this place of helping the preternaturall rednesse which possesseth the nose and cheekes and oft times all the face besides one while with a tumour other whiles without sometimes with pustles and scabs by reason of the admixtion of a nitrous and adust humor Practitioners have termed it Gutta rosacea This shewes both more and more ugly in winter than in summer because the cold closeth the pores of the skinne so that the matter contained thereunder is pent up for want of transpiration whence it becomes acrid and biting so that as it were boiling up it lifts or raiseth the skinne into pustles and scabs it is a contumacious disease and oft times not to be helped by medicine For the generall method of curing this disease it is fit that the patient abstaine from wine and from all things in generall that by their heat inflame the blood and diffuse it by their vaporous substance he shall shunne hot and very cold places and shall procure that his belly may be soluble either by nature or art Let blood first be drawn out of the basilica then from the vena front is and lastly from the vein of the nose Let leaches be applied to sundry places of the face and cupping glasses with scarification to the shoulders For particular or proper remedies if the disease be inveterate the hardnesse shall first be softned with emollient things then assaulted with the following ointments which shall be used or changed by the Chirurgian as the Physitian shall thinke fit â„ž succi citri â„¥ iii. cerus quantum sufficit ad eum inspissandum argenti vivi cum saliva sulphure vivo extincti Ê’ ss incorporentur simul fiat unguentum â„ž boracis Ê’ ii farin cicer fabar an Ê’ i ss caph Ê’ i. cum melle succo cepae fiant trochisci when you would use them dissolve them in rose and plantaine water and spread them upon linnen cloaths and so apply them on the night time to the affected parts and so let them be oft times renued â„ž unguenti citrini recenter dispensati â„¥ ii sulphuris vivi â„¥ ss cum modico olei scm cucurb succi limonum fiat unguentum with this let the face be anointed when you goe to bed in the morning let it bee washed away with rose water being white by reason of bran infused therein moreover sharp vinegar boyled with branne and rose water and applied as before powerfully takes away the rednesse of the face â„ž cerus litharg auri sulphur is vivi pulverisati an â„¥ ss ponantur in phiala cum aceto aquarosarum linnen cloaths dipped herein shall be applied to the face on the night and it shall bee washed in the morning with the water of the infusion of bran this kinde of medicine shall be continued for a moneth â„ž sanguinis tauri lb i. butyri recentis lb ss fiat distillatio utatur The liquor
which is distilled for the first daies is troubled and stinking but these passed it becommeth cleare and well smelling Some boile bran in vinegar and the water of water lillies and in this decoction they dissolve of sulphur and camphire a fit proportion to the quantity of the decoction and they apply cloaths moistened in this medicine to the face in the evening ℞ album ovor nu ii aquae ros ℥ i ss succi plantag lapath. acut an ℥ i ss sublimati ℈ i. incorporentur in mortario marmoreo ℞ axung porcidecies in aceto lota ℥ iv argenti vivi ℥ i. aluminis sulphuris vivi an ʒ i. pistentur omnia diu in mortario plumbeo fiat unguentum argentum vivum non debet nisi extremo loco affundi ℞ rad lapath acut asphodel an ℥ ii coquantur in aceto scillitico postea tundantur setaceo trajiciantur addendo auripigmenti ʒ ii sulphuris vivi ʒ x. let them be incorporated and make an ointment to be used to dry up the pustles ℞ rad liliorum sub cineribus coctorum ℥ iv pistillo tusis setaceo trajectis adde butyri recentis axung porci lotae in aceto an ℥ i. sulphuris vivi ʒ iii. camphor ℈ iii. succi limonum quantum sufficit malaxentur simul fiat unguentum ℞ lactis virginalis lb ss aluminis ℥ ss sulphuris vivi ℥ i. succi limonum ℥ vi salis com ʒ ss let them all be distilled in a glasse alembicke and the water kept for the forementioned uses ℞ lapath. acut plantagin asphodel an ℥ i ss olei vitel ovor ℥ i. terebinth venet ℥ ss succi limonum ʒ iii. aluminis combust ʒ i. argenti vivi extinct ℥ i. olei liliorum ℥ ss tundantur omnia in mortario plumbeo addendo sub finem argent viv ne mortario adhaerescat The juice of onions beaten with salt or the yelkes of egges are good for the same purpose For staying and killing of Ring-wormes and Tettars the leaves of hellebore beaten with vinegar are good the milke of the fig-tree is good of it selfe as also that of the spurges or mustard dissolved in strong vinegar with a little sulphur Or ℞ sulphuris calcanthi aluminis an ʒ i. macerentur in aceto forti trajiciantur per linteum apply the expressed juice Others macerate an egge in sharpe vinegar with coporose and sulphur vivum beaten into fine powder then they straine or presse it through a linnen cloath But seeing the forementioned medicines are acride and for the most part eating and corroding it cannot bee but that they must make the skinne harsh and rough therefore to smooth and levigate it againe you shall make use of the following ointment ℞ tereb ven tam diu lotae ut acrimoniam nullam habeat butyri salis expertis an ℥ i ss olei vitel ovor ℥ i. axung porci in aqua rosarum lotae ℥ ss cerae parum fiat linimentum ad usum To the same purpose you may also make use of some of the forementioned medicines CHAP. XLVI To blacke the haire AT first the haires to take the fucus or tincture and to retaine it must be prepared with Lye wherein a little roche Alome is dissolved Thus the fatty scales may be washed and taken away which hinder and as it were keep away the fucus that it cannot adhere or penetrate into the body of the haire Then must we come to particular or proper fitting medicines for this purpose These ought to be aromaticke and cephalicke and somewhat stiptick that by their odoriferous and astringent power they may strengthen the animal faculty Furthermore they must be of subtle parts that they may enter even into the inner rootes of the haires ℞ Sulphuris vitrioli gallarum calcis vivae lithargyri an ʒii scoriae ferri ʒss in pollinem reducantur cum aq communi incorporentur ut inde fiat massa with this at bed time let the haires bee rubbed and in the morning let them bee smoothed with the same ℞ calcis lotae ℥ i. lithargyri utriusque ℥ ss cum decocto gallarum corticum nucum fiat massa addendo olei chamem ʒ ii ℞ lytharg auri ℥ ii ciner clavellat ℥ i s8 calcis viv ʒ i. dissolve omnia cum urena hominis donec acquirant consistentiam unguenti pro unctione capillorum ℞ calcis lotae ℥ iv lithargyri utriusque an ℥ ii cum decoct salv cort granat fiat pasta ad formam pultis satis liquidae let the haire at bed time bee died herewith and washed in the morning with wine and water Now the manner of washing lime is thus Infuse in ten or twelve pints of faire water one pound of lime then poure out the water by stooping the vessell putting more in the stead thereof the third time in stead of common water powre thereon the water of the decoction of sage and galls let the lime lye therein for so many houres then in like manner powre it off by stooping the vessell and thus you shall have your lime well washed There is also found a way how to die or black the haire by only powring of some liquor thereon as ℞ argenti purissimi ʒ ii reducantur in cumʒii aquae separationis auri argenti aquae rosar ʒ vi The preparing of this water is thus put into a violl the water of separation and the silver and set it upon hot coales so to dissolve the silver which being done then take it from the fire and when it is cold adde thereto the rose water But if you would black it more deeply adde more silver thereto if lesse then a smaller quantity to use it you must steepe the combe wherewith you combe your head in this water ℞ plumbi usti ℥ ii gallarum non perforat cortic nucum an ℥ iii. terrae sigil ferret hispan an ℥ ii vitriol rom ℥ vi salis gem ℥ i ss caryoph nucis mosch an ℥ i. salis ammon aloes an ʒ ss fiat pulvis subtilissimus let this powder be macerated in vinegar for three daies space then distill it all in an alembick the water that comes therefrom is good for the foresaid use The following medicine is good to make the haires of a flaxen colour ℞ flor genist staechad cardamom an ℥ i. lupinor conquassat rasur buxi corticis citri rad gentian berber an ℥ i ss cum aqua nitri fiat lenta decoctio herewith bathe and moisten the haires for many dayes CHAP. XLVII Of Psilothra or Depilatories and also of Sweet waters MEdicines to fetch off haire which by the Greeks are termed Psilothra and Depilatoria in latine vulgarly are made as you may learn by these following examples ℞ calcis vivae ℥ iii. auripigmenti ℥ i. let the lime bee quencht in faire water and then the orpiment added with some aromaticke thing have a care that the medicine lye not too long upon