Of Almond Milk THis differs not much in colour and taste from an Emulsion only 't is usually thicker than it This is two-fold one more liquid being a milky substance drawn out of Almonds like the Emulsion as aforesaid another thicker made thick with boyling of which at present And this is a restorative Medicine somewhat thinner of substance than syrup much like Milk hence 't is called Almond Cream Almond milk drawn and sweetned with Sugar prepared both to alter and nourish CHAP. IX Of Barly Cream THat which we from the matter it is made of call Barly cream the Antients from the manner of preparing called Ptisan which was a meat made of barly huld and baked for the Greek word signifies to hull and bark and water usually we cal this barly cream but our ptisan is a drink And though it be seldom prescribed yet 't is COMPOUNDED either after the grosser manner of barly cleansed and boyled which is given together with the broth adding sugar as you list but this is only convenient for sound people Or else that which is truly barly cream of huld barley two ounces let it boyle in fair water over a gentle fire then cast away the water and boyl it is a new water four or five houres with a gentle fire then pulp the barly thorow a strainer sweeten it with one ounce or ounce and a half or two ounces of sugar and after let them be a little boyled The VSE anciently it was wont to be the meat of feverish people but now a dayes 't is given for the most part neer sleeping time and then if they are troubled with over-watching there is added to it little of the emulsion prepared with white poppy seeds The UTILITY of it is much in fevers in which it is an alimentory medicine cooling cleansing nourishing much breeding good juyce it moystens and is best for affections of the breast hecticks CHAP. X. Of Milk and the whey of Milk MIlk also happens to be prescribed but chiefly in the phthyfick and disentery and that with some caution both in the sort of milk and also in the dose and manner of giving it Asses milk is chiefly commended in the hectick because it restores radical moysture and is of good juice Cows milk is the fattest and fullest of butter sheeps milk is fullest of cheese Goats milk moderate between all best for persons extenuated As to the USE DOSE and manner of PRESCRIBING 't is this â„ž of Asses milk when you would cool cleanse but Goats milk when you would nourish four ounces of sugar or honey left it corrupt or grow sowr in the stomack one ounce and this for the first dose for the second dose increasing one ounce to five ounces so proceeding til you come to ten ounces or twelve ounces and then decreasing again by the same degrees til you are returned to the same quantity let it be taken 4 hours before meat neither sleeping nor moving the body violenly after the taking of it But the use of milk is never to be begun til the body be very wel cleansed The UTILITY 't is chiefly prescribed for those that are hectical for it fattens restores in the use of it we must have a care that the body be not impure for in a cold stomack it sowres in a hot it turns to a nidorousness from whence comes Head-ach it is not therefore profitable for them that are Feverish or have their short rib-region puft up but 't is very commodious in the dysentery both to lenifie and also cleanse and heal the Ulcer especially if it be chalibeated and you give a good quantity of it morning and evening with one scruple of Terra sigillata four hours before any meat The WHEY OF MILK is not nourishing but medicinal and evacuates both serous and adust humors if it be liberally taken it cools and is good in those that are Feverish and in the heat of the Liver and Reins in summer time but most profitable in Melancholy and affections proceeding from it as the Leprosie Scabbiness c. especially if Fumitory be steeped in it This is the USE and manner of PRESCRIBING â„ž VVhey of Milk let it be strained boyled both because it is windy as also that any thing of curdiness in it may be separated and settled then steep in two pound of it for one night one handful of Fumitory of Succory m. ss when 't is strained add to it an ounce or an ounce and half of Sugar but the second day two ounces are to be added more so every day increasing til you come to three pound afterwards on the contrary decreasing til you come to one pound Otherwise let one pound serve every day for a moneth together steeping in it the same quantity of Fumitory adding to it when 't is strained one ounce of Sugar and in Melancholy people as much of the Cider or juice of pippins Otherwise 't is used for fevers and heats to eight ounces with sorrel steeped in it and that in the morning four hours before meat that they more hang in it tyed in a ragg 2 drams or more of yest or Leven and add to it half a dram or two scruples of spices to every pound and so according to the quantity of Hony The USE and UTILITY it is prescribed for the ordinary drink in cold affections and especially the phlegmatick and where the abstaining from VVine is advantagious or where the use of it is hurtful as in the Palsey or when we desire effectual virtues powerful both to alter cold humors and strengthen the natural heat it also wonderfully preserves from putrefaction But as it is convenient for them that are of cold complexion and for old men so is it hurtful for those that are feverish cholerick or hot of temper because it soon turns into choler and grows bitter as we may finde in boyling it over-much or by keeping it too long therefore Hippocrates forbiâ—s it to them that are very cholerick or that have great spleens in which it is too suddenly drawn into the body from hence it is that it is the cause of crudities and incredible windiness of the intrals it is also according to Hippocrates diuretica wonderfully cleansing and driving forth sand 〈◊〉 or gravel The Winish performs this more sorcibly and like Malmsey powerfully concocts cold humours expectorates â—â—enâ—thens the stomack and concoction discusseth windiness concocts crudities as also doth the commoner sort according to Galen it wonderfully loosens humors in the breast and is good for them that be asthmatick The Medicinal Mead is easily prepared of the simple by boyling dryed simples in it respecting the part to which it is destined and of those such as are most pleasant let them be boyled after it is clear scum'd let them be for example four handfuls of Herbs boyl them and strain the LIquor from them in which infuse for two or three hours half an ounce or six drams of spices
The Vtility is great and the virtue of it specifical besides what is afore-said in taking away diseases especially cold ones and those of long continuance as the Palsey c. CHAP. XII Of Sugred Water and Barly Water SUGRED WATER is a more sweet and pleasing drink than Mead and is almost as effectual in those in whom we abstain from the use of Mead for fear of heat and is chiefly convenient for them that are abstemious It is made of Fountain water clarified at the fire 12 parts and sugar one part more or less to your palate You may aromatize it with Cinnamom or in fevers with Saunders to 3 drams or half an ounce so let them use it for their ordinary drink PTISAN was a meat of the Antients which we now call barly Cream Our ptisan is a drink fit broth for the healthy and Feverish and when heat is either present or imminent and where Wine is forbidden And this is made divers wayes according to the desire of them that take it Either it is made simply of whole Barley and fountain-water to one part of Barly ten fifteen or which is better twenty parts of water as 't is generally made in the shops which is to be boyled to the consumption of five parts and til the barly swel much Nicholaus therefore directs ill to boyl it to the consumption of fifteen parts unless it be for meat and such like is vulgarly ealled in the shops Barley water and decoction of Barley Or else Liquorice Raisins of the Sun the roots of Grass or Sorrel and other things according to the palate of him that takes it are boyled in it though in smal quantity but 't is seldom now a dayes prescribed by the Physitian The UTILITY it moistens cools cleanses yeilds little nourishment but such as is fit for cholerick and sanguine people and for them that are in fevers or have hot affections of the Liver Stomack or Reins Note that Barly water or that which we now cal Ptisan consists of whole barly one part of water twenty parts boyled til the barly swel and the cream of Barly til it be bursted but that which we cal Barly cleansed and boyled is boyled til it go into a pulp represents the Ptisan of the Antients and if it be pulped thorow a hair strainer 't is called the juyce of Barly CHAP. XIII Of Dyet-drink BY this name of Diet we do not so much understand the regulating of the six things not natural as divers decoctions made of usual sweating Medicines through the whole use of which because an exact and accurate way of living temperately is to be observed from hence it is that these have been absolutely called by the name of Diet. But that which we understand by the name Diet is a decoction of one of the usual sudorifical Medicines or more made in a fit Liquor prepared either to alter simply or evacuate insensibly by transpiration or sensibly by sweat Therefore a Diet-drink is to be accounted two-fold altering and evacuating The altering Diet-drink ALthough these four usual sweating Medicines seem to be destined only for provoking sweat yet are they often prescribed with very good success in divers affections without sweating hence it is that I cal it an altering Diet-drink In this three things are to be considered the Composition the Vse and Vtility In the COMPOSITION three things also the matter of which 't is made the Liquor and the things to be dissolved in it The MATTER in relation to its quality is two-fold 1. Some of the common Sudorificks as Guaiacum China Sassafras and Salsaparilla 2. Divers alterers as roots leaves seeds flowers c. respecting the affection the humor offending and part affected But in special that matter is chosen diversly according to the variety of the parts in which the affections that are to be removed are inherent For in altering and removing powerfully phlegmatick and inveterate affections we usually take Guaiacum China or Salsaparilla either alone or mixed together with fit alterers as aforesaid But in affections of the breast as the stuffing Ulcer and putrefaction of the Lunâ—s in which now a dayes such an altering diet is usually prescribed and is every where called the pectoral decoction we chuse either China alone or else there is sometimes added to it Salsaparilla or Sassafras together with alterers appropriated to the breast So that from what is said before an altering Diet drink may be reckoned two-fold 1. Not pectoral insensibly consuming the phlegmatick affections of divers parts 2. Pectorel viz. a decoction of China sometimes Salâ—apâ—rilla being added prepared of pectoral seeds and fruits such is only now a dayes prescribed As to the quantity those sudorificks in a diet-drink not pectoral are prescribed either alone or mixed to six ounces more or less according as the time age and region shal further require but alterers as Roots Leaves Seeds Flowers either all or some of them are to be added to half the quantity they are appointed for the Apozem aforesaid But in a pectoral Diet-drink whose basis is China this if alone is added to one ounce if other things aforesaid be joyned to it then to two drams or three drams of these they usually take six drams of China Of alterers pectoral fruits are added to an ounce and a half or two ounces pectoral seeds to an ounce or an ounce and a half and if as sometimes in the Phthysis the flesh of Craw-fish or tortoises be added 't is to an ounce or two ounces The LIQUOR in relation to its quality in an altering Diet drink not pectoral is common water or some other fit liquor as before in the Apozem chiefly Mead because these sorts of decoctions for the most part respect cold affections and humors In a pectoral Diet-drink also either common water or decoction of Barly is taken but with this proviso that the China be infused in this Liquor for some hours then let it be put up together with the pectoral fruits and seeds in the belly of a chick or hen then let them boyl in the aforesaid Liquor til all be boyled to pieces As to its quantity take 10 or 12 pints or q. s as is required to boyl it throughly Things to be dissolved as to their quality in a diet-drink not pectoral are sometimes syrup or sugar and are prescribed to be dissolved together with the aromaticks as in an altering Apozem In a pectoral drink sugar of Roses is generally prescribed yet it may be also some fit syrup As to their quantity they are dissolved to an ounce or an ounce and a half in every dose The USE in it mark three things the manner the quantity and the time The decoction not pectoral as to the manner indrinking is to be taken without sweating As to the united quantity or dose it is to be taken to four ounces or six ounces as to the divided quantity it is to be used ten or fifteen dayes As to the time this
above declared in the form of the sudorifical diet-drink otherwise it is to be prescribed and prepared of fresh ingredients one ounce or two ounces of the same or some other sudorifick being added over and above let all be infused twelve hours in twelve pints of water as above solet them be boyled onely to the consumption of a third or fourth part let them be strained thorow an Hippocras bagg and rellish it with half a pound or a pound of sugar or else season it to your palate and aromatize it with three drams or half an ounce of Cinnamom so make a secondary Decoction or a â—ochete to be kept in glass bottles for your ordinary drink Or else 't is made for present use either in regard no diet-drink hath been prescribed before out of whose residence this may be prepared or because perhaps it was composed of other simples both alterers and purgeâ—e whose virtues are not needful in this kinde of ordinary drink then is it to be prepared of some one or more of the suborificks prescribed to two ounces or two ounces and a half after the same manner as is above-said so make a Bochete to be used as is said The USE FORM and UTILITY are already sufficiently declared CHAP. XV. Of Cock-Broth THe reason of the name is plain this was the invention of the Antients and is much confirmed by the use and practise of late Physitians But this DECOCTION of a Cock is a broth prepared either to alter or purge of an old Cock together with some certain sudorificks and also alterers and sometimes also purgers From hence this sort of decoction is two-fold altering and purging The altering Cock-borth IN the altering broth are considered chiefly the matter and the Licuor and in both of them the quality and quantity As to the matter in respect of its quality an old COCK is taken as it were for the basis Then either his belly is filled with these following things or else they are added neer the end of the decoction and they are usually these sudorificks as China Salsaparilla Sassafras either alone or mixed in the Asthma and Hypochondriacal melancholy they are chiefly prescribed as also to them alterers as Roots Leaves Seeds Fruits more or less As to the quantity Sudorificks are prescribed to two ounces but the alterers much like their quantity in the altering Apozem or somewhat less The LIQUOR as to the quality is alwayes fair water As to the quantity q. s The USE as to the quantity the dose is six or eight ounces As to the time 't is to be taken in the morning continuing the use of if fifteen dayes or the space of a moneth And this is the FORM â„ž an old decrepit red Cock or of four or five years old that hath been tired with coursing and beating pul off his feathers whiles he is alive then strangle him and take out his bowels let his belly be filled with the Sudorificks fruits and seeds as aforesaid then sew it up and boyl him in a glazed pot with a sufficient quantity of water til the flesh be consumed and wholly fal from the bones but when the broth is scum'd at first add the roots c. and towards the end of the decoction add the leaves and flowers c. boyl them til there remains about three pints of broth straine it and presse it out strongly and keep the decoction in a glass bottle in a cold place taking off all the fat when it is cold Take of this broth from one pint to eight ounces in the morning adding if you wil especially in the affections of the breast sugar or some fit syrup to an ounce continuing it fifteen dayes or the space of one moneth The UTILTY of it is much in stubborn obstructions hence it is that it is generally prescribed in the hypochondriacal melancholy for which purpose there is usually prescribed for this sort of broth the â—â—ots of Parsley Succory Grass Sparagus the leaves of Ceterach Baume Bugloss Burnet Agrimony Frâ—its as Corans and sometimes China and Sassâ—fras wood it is also used in any other durable obstructions of the intrals as also in the affections of the breast especially the Asthma to which China is added with fruits â—dedicated to the breast and in arthritical pains with wood of Sassasras and for paleness of the face c. The purging Cock-broth IT differs not from the former except that beside the aforesaid ingredients there are also added purgers and for the most part these of Senna Polypody Carthamus and two ounces or two ounces and a half Agarick one ounce as much Epithymum which are shut up in the belly of the duck and is prescribed to be made a decoction to two pints in which dissolve if you wil four ounces of sugar and to be aromatized c. for 4 morning doses thus to be used every moneth And the hypochondriacal melancholy obstructions of the bowels Gout and Cholick but 't is very seldom used for the Asthma or difficulty of breath CHAP. XVI Of the Restorative distilled liquor WHere the sick are extreamly weakned either by the violence or length of the disease or some extreame evacuation they very hardly digest any meat to repair their lost spirits or else through nauseousness they refuse all yet ought the strength both to be preserved and restored wherefore the late Writers have invented a way to preserve them by liquors distilled out offlesh that hath both good and much nourishment This from the effect is called the distilled Restorative as also sometimes from the matter 't is made of they call it Capon-water This DISTILLED RESTORATIVE distilled water or Liquor thus drawn by a still imbued with the nourishing virtue of the flesh chiefly of Capons and with the Medicinal virtues of divers conserves powders waters and Juyces is chiefly prepared to restore lost and decaying strength And in this three things are to be considered the Composition Vse and Vtility In the COMPOSITION two things chiefly the matter of which 't is made and the things 〈◊〉 be dissolved in it As to the MATTER 't is commonly the flesh of a Capon or Hen or else of two Partridges cut in the middle cleansed from the fat bones washed in some Cordial Liquor as Rose-water white Wine c. to this they take mingle with it â—ivers Conserves Preserves Cordial powders to little purpose leaves of Gold c. and sprinkle all with a convenient Liquor and distil it in balneo Mariae but because by this means the nourishing quality of the flesh is very smal or none in the distilled water and this manner also is reproved the thing is to be more accurately performed which wil be done if you boyl the aforesaid flesh to a perfect pap and thence strain forth the broth and with it mix the aforesaid things and distil them The matter of this sort of distillation is twofold nourishing and Medicinal the nourishing matter as to the quality usually one Capon
quantity 't is taken to a spoonful or a spoonful and an half or two As to the time if it be for strengthening the animal faculty 't is best after meat or at going to sleep if for the vital at any time when need requires for the natural either before with or after meat The Vtility is to preserve the vigor of the principal parts to restore the strength wasted by diseases Hence it is that the use of these candied confections is wholly restorative rather helping nature and the strength than regarding the disease which neverthelesse is not to be neglected therefore these candied confections are made heating cooling binding c. the use of them is frequent in the hypochondriacal affection panting of the heart consumption of the lungs weaknesse of the stomack and liver c. THE THIRD SECTION Of the First Book OF THE SOLID FORMES OF MEDICINES CHAP. I. Of Paste-royal and morsels THere is also an invention of modern Writers which in consistence resembles Pineolates or Paste of Pine kernels made of divers things wrought together like paste from whence its name and of sugar dissolved in some convenient liquor and boiled to the height of Tabulets this is made into boles or morsels like Conserves of Roses dried hence it is called morsels which being leisurely dried are kept for use and are somtimes gilded and this is called Paste-Royal for the Soveraign virtues it hath in affections of the brest lungs and in extenuated bodies In this also three things are to be noted Composition Vse and Vtility As to the Composition 't is made two wayes 1. Either without the flesh of living creatures as shall be said of bechical fruits and seeds only and sugar These fruits are for the most part blanched Almonds washed soaked and bruised the kernels of Pistaches and pine nuts washed also in a fit water as of violets or roses They are usually prescribed to the quantity of four ounces The seeds are the four greater cold seeds usually huld and bruised to which when sleep is to be provoked the seeds of white poppy and lettice are added Let these be prescribed to the quantity of two ounces or two ounces and an half The sugar is to be chosen white dissolved in a fit liquor the quantity of it is usually set down q s yet it should usually be double the proportion of the rest 2. Or else this paste is made restorative with the flesh of the tortoses of the wood washed and boyl'd in barley water the head and tail being left out and this is afterwards called Testudinate paste or paste of Tortoses or with the flesh of Crawfish Capons and Partridges or else to these are added the fruits aforesaid seeds and powders mentioned in the Candies and sugar dissolved in Rosewater usually in this proportion Of flesh three or four ounces Fruits three ounces Seeds one ounce an ounce and half And let one dram of powders answer to every ounce of the rest and of those that are precious a lesse quantity Sugar is mentioned q. s Somtimes Ambergreece and Musk are added in small quantity to some few grains somtimes also the paste is covered over with leaf gold The VSE the manner is either by it self or in broth The Dose or united quantity is to half an ounce or an ounce the morsels in numb one or two The divided quantity 't is to be taken often with meat and in your meals The time is expressed The FORME â„ž c. make a confection in morsels and somtimes 't is added like pineolate so let it be used The VTILITY the paste that is not nourishing is good for divers affections of the lungs and brest to incrassate lenifie cleanse or expectorate c but the restorative paste both in the same and the consumption for them that are extenuated and weakened by the ulcer of the lungs it nourisheth drieth and thickneth rheumes therefore the use is wholly restorative regarding also the affections from whence that lack of nourishment and dejection of the strength proceeds CHAP. II. Of a Pandaleon THis invention of the Arabians and latter Physitians is a medicine dedicated to the brest and lungs made of pleasant ingredients agreeing with the Lohoch to the same purpose differing only in form in which it resembles Tablets From them also it differs in this because they are made up in a certain shape but this when the sugar is sufficiently boiled and the ingredients mixed with it is poured into a box and there suffered to harden and at the time of using it a bit is taken out with a knife or spoon c. Therefore it is a medicine solid like Tablets kept in a box like a cake made of powders bechical conserves and sugar dissolved and made into a Tablet consistence appointed for the same uses as Lohochs are And in it three things are to be noted Composition Vse and Vtility The COMPOSITION is two wayes 1. Either of bechical powders simple or compound several or mixed and sugar dissolved in a fit liquor boiled in or neer this proportion that to half an ounce of the powder there may be four ounces of sugar dissolved or else q. s 2. Or of thoracical fruits and seeds powders of electuaries sugar dissolved after these proportions Of fruits two drams seeds an ounce powders three drams sugar q. s Note that conserves may somtimes be added to three drams or half an ounce The VSE the manner is to contain it in the mouth that it may leisurely melt and may gently be swallowed down and used frequently The quantity let a bit of this be taken from a spoon or the point of a knife The time is the same with that of the Lohochs The FORM â„ž c. make a Pandalcon in a convenient box of which c. The VTILITY is the same with that of the Lohochs from which this differs only in form and that this for the most part consists of the pleasantest things CHAP. III. Of Marchpane and Pineolates MArchpane is a most pleasant confection of latter writers nourishing much convenient for people that are leane and for affections of the lungs instead of sweet meats 'T is compounded of blanched Almonds three ounces Pistaches cleansed one ounce stamped in a marble mortar with a little rose-rose-water adding half a pound of white sugar make a paste which make into little cakes to be baked gently in an oven till they begin to be coloured yellow and are a little hardened other pleasant things may also be added as Cinamom c. A PINEOLATE is made to the same end of equal parts of pinekernels and sugar dissolved of which are made morsels adding musk for the better grace if you will but this is to be injoyned by the Physitian not else to be usually prescribed CHAP. IV. Of Tablets THat which they were wont to call the solid electuary is otherwise called from its flat shape a Tablet and because the sugar of which they are made when it is boiled and flatted
effectual united faculty To the Troschischs are to be referred the Muscardines WHich are little pastils so called from the musk they contain cheifly composed for the perfuming the breath and to exalt venereall moriscoes such are these of Gallia moschata that are most effectual They are compounded either simply of ambergreese musk-grains three four c as you wil and q. s sugar dissolved in rose-rose-water with a little starch Or else more compounded of the powder of some aromatical things of sweet savor as cinnamom Saunders one dram musk Ambergreese gr three or four as you list and sugar q. s make troschischs of which let him hold one often in his mouth CHAP. VII Of Powders THe USE of POWDERS is extream necessary both that solid medicines may come in use of themselves as also that they may the easilier be mixed with other formes of medicines but that which the Latines cal a powder the Arabians call by 3. names Suffuff any gross powder Alcohol the finest powders and Seiff the grinding of any sort of troschischs which is done on a stone with a fit water for affections of the eyes but a powder is either officinal or magisterial of which this discourse is The magisterial is either internal or external The internall is either purging strengthening or altering Purging Powder The definition and differences may be sought out of what is aforesaid It is compounded of Catharticks and for the most part those that are the pleasantest with their proper correctors in a proportion often before mentioned As to the quantity to an ounce an ounce and half is the most is prescribed and note that sugar for the more delicate may be added but in a smal quantity or equal to the powder and that exactly defined The VSE as to the manner 't is to betaken in broth or some convenient liquor As to the quantity the doses of the purgers are to be computed As to the time in the morning with custody The FORM â„ž c. Make a powder of which c. The VTILITY is to purge see afore The strengthening powder Although it may be prescribed to strengthen divers parts according to the scope of the Physitian yet 't is either to confirm the stomack and is called a Digestive or the heart and is called a Cordial and an Alexiterial it may be also made for other uses as to strengthen the Liver Intrals c. The COMPOSITION 1 of the digestive powder is in general of stomachical things that help concoction dissolvers of wind and binder But in special Coriander-seed prepared is usually the basis prescribed to an ounce to which are added things that discuss wind as Anniseed to half an ounce or 6 drams then strengtheners of the stomack either simple or compound to 2 or 3 drams at most with sugar of Roses in tablets s q. 2. The Cordial powder or that which strengthens other parts which is compounded both of simple and compound powders of Electuaries proper and specifical to half an ounce 6 drams or 1 ounce according as the use of it shal continue long or short yet so that the more pretious Cordial powders be joyned but in a smal quantity either to a fourth or sixth part these are prescribed either alone or for the better taste sake sugar rosat is mixed with them to three or four times their weight The VSE and form of the Digestive powder â„ž c. Make a powder of which let him take a spoonful neither eating nor drinking after it But of a Cordial or other strengthening powder as hepatical c. this is the form â„ž c. Make a powder of which let him take 1 2 or 3 drams with water broath or other convenient liquor and that in the morning the stomack being empty or else when necessity requires especially if it be Alexiterial The VTILITY is for the strengthening of the principal parts and others also and consists for the most part of hot things yet with the same intention of strengthening they may be prepared of cooling things Hither appertains the altering powder altering divers wayes according to the scope in first second and third qualities as that which is generally prescribed of steel against obstructions with other openers to one ounce or two ounces with an equal quantity of sugar of which a spoonful is taken every morning drinking after it a little wine or other convenient Liquor so against the stone or gravel of stone-breaking medicines to an ounce an ounce and a half and Sugar s q. of which take one dram or a dram and a half with a diuretical Liquor so to provoke the birth and courses as also to bind the fluxes of blood both by stool and from the Womb and bladder against all kindes of fluxes and to alter divers wayes when moysture is one cause offending Thus much of an internal powder The external powder is also sometimes prescribed and is either physical or chirurgical The physical or medicinal is for the most part strengthening as is usually prescribed for comforting and drying the brain of proper cephalical things as Roots Leaves c. prescribed to two ounces adding to it also and that frequently the violet or cypris powder to one ounce or one ounce and a half more or less but for the most part they take of roots two ounces seeds six drams flowers three drams spices two drams The VSE and FORM â„ž c. Make a gross powder with which let the head be dryed in the morning which is most usual lafter the washing of it The VTILITY is to strengthen the brain and dry the phlegmatick and to waste the excrementitious moysture of the hairs of the head The Chyrurgical powder is various to be prescribed only by a Chyrurgeon to cleanse fil and heal Ulcers stop the bleeding of wounds c. the quantity of prescribing it varies according to the various occasion of its use THE SECOND BOOK OF EXTERNAL REMEDIES The First SECTION Of Remedies common to many parts CHAP. I. Of Epithemes or liquors to be applyed to any part IF you regard the signification of the name every external medicine that is applyable to any part may be so called but now it claims a peculiar kinde of right in designing only those remedies that are externally applyed to the Heart and Liver and the nobler parts of the body to alter strengthen and is two-fold liquid and solid The liquid Epitheme The name is apparent and it is fluid like water or a Julep chiefly composed of a convenient liquor and cordial powders In it three things are to be considered the Composition Vse and Vtility In the Composition we must regard the matter of which 't is made whether liquid or dry as powder or mean between both and in either of these the quality and quantity The Liquor as to its quality is for the most part a distilled water as the basis such as is proper both for the affection and part affected and that either alone or else
Carthamum and sometimes Turbith to half an ounce or 6 drams The quantity of it and of the things to be dissolved is as in a Gargarisme The USE and FORM is the same for it is really a purging gargarisme The VTILITY is the same as of the masticatory yet because when gargarized it enters farther into the Throat and it also draweth farther from the almons of the ears and ousle and 't is also thought to draw more powerfully from the brain CHAP. VII Of Dentifrices THis Remedy though it seem onely beautifying yet 't is often prescribed by Physitians for other affections 'T is Composed 1. Either in the form of water with which either the teeth are washed or else they are rubbed with a linnen with it hither belong the spirits of Vitriol and Sulfure in a smal quantity diluted in the water with which the teeth may be rubbed It marvelously cleanseth and whiteneth them and preserves them from rotting yet it must be done warily for it makes them apt to break 2. Or else in the forme of a liniment of six drams or 1 ounce of powder with a s q. of hony of Roses so make it of the consistency of an Opiate or a Liniment 3. Or in the form of Troschischs like a suppository with which being dryed and hardened let the teeth be rubbed These are made of an ounce and a half or two ounces of powder with the muscilage of gum dragant q. s make Troschischs like suppositories and dry them The VSE and FORM â„ž c. Make c. with which either let the mouth be washed c. or anointed or let the teeth be rubbed afterwards let the the mouth be washed with a convenient liquor water wine c. The UTILITY 't is prescribed chiefly to whiten the teeth cleanse and fasten them also to remedy the scates and rottenness of them to strengthen and incarnate the gums and defend them from defluxions Note that as to the matter of them there is usually and profitably to cleanse Tartar Coral crust of bread burnt Salt Scuttle-bone Pumice-stone c. to which for the richer sort sweet smelling things as Musk Ambergreece should be added CHAP. VIII Of Errhines or sneezing Medicines 'T Is a Medicine in general which is drawn up in the nose from whence its name either for affections of the head or the proper affections of the nostrils to purge the first to alter the others diversly so that I may rightly esteem it two-fold purging and altering The purging Errhine 'T is dedicated to purge the brain of divers vitious humours which it doth either without sneezing and then is called absolutely an Errhine which they otherwise cal a he adpurge or with sneezing and then is called a Sternutatory or sneezing Medicine Of that which is called absolutely an Errhine It emptieth the brain without sneezing and in relation to its form is threefold Liquid soft and solid The Liquid is compounded 1. Either of Juices onely of head-purgers which is pressed out of 4 handfuls of the leaves bruised and strained with four ounces of white Wine this Liquor is kept in a glass bottle for use this is otherwise prescribed thus more briefly â„ž of the Juices newly drawn out of the leaves of green Herbs with white wine c four ounces eight ounces seldom 't is prescribed to lib 1. unless for a continual use and in diets Note that sometimes to make it the more cephalical Betony c. may be joyned with it or a little of some cephalical decoction and that it may the more penetrate one ounce of Aqua vitae may be added 2. Or altogether of a decoction of cephalical things as the Apophlegmatisme is the leaves of head-purgers being joyned of which strained take 6 or 8 ounces in which either nothing is dissolved or sometimes fit juyces to 2 or 3 ounces Aqua vitae c. Note that some to purge the more wil-dissolve purging opiates in it but 't is better to boyl some fit purger with the rest of the things The VSE and FORM â„ž c. Make an Errhine or a head purge keep it in a glass bottle let it be used warm in the morning two hours before dinner or also before supper snuff it up out of the palm of the hand the mouth being ful of water continue this 3 or 4 dayes 3 or 4 times at once or if a diet be appointed let it be continued the whole time of the diet The SOFT Errhine is compounded 1 In the form of a Liniment of divers juyces and oyl of Iroes ana two ounces boyl them to the consumption of the juyces add wax q. s make a Liniment to which may be added a dram and a half of sharp powders or which is best half a scruple or a scruple of Elaterium 2. Or in the consistence of an Opiate of two ounces of the aforesaid Juyces Wine an ounce and a half Honey q. s boyl it gently to the consistence of an opiate N B that besides sharp or or purging powders as Elaterium Colocinthis may be added to one scruple Note also that the Opiate may be made without Juices of two drams or 3 drams of powder honey q. s The VSE and FORM â„ž c. make c. and with your finger or a feather anoint the inside of your nostrils and holding forwards your head let the humors be drawn forth t is best after it to wash the nostrils See Errhinum The SOLID is compounded 1. either in the form of a powder of fit things to two drams 3. drams half an ounce 2. or in a solid form and is properly called a Nasal of the powder of such like things two or three drams make it up with a fit muscilage or turpentine q s and wax make a Nasal in the shape of a Pyramid The VSE and FORM of the Powder â„ž c. blow up a little as for example half a scruple or a scruple with a quil into the Nostrilâ— Of the Nasal thuâ— â„ž c. make it in the figure of a Piramid which being anointed with oyl put it up in the Nostrils The VTILITY is after general purges in aâ—fections of the head especially the cold and lasting ones and also in them that proceed from choler and watrish humors from whence often spring very sharp pains and for all affections arising from the foulness of the brain therefore in diets it is most usual and most profitable it purgeth the foremost ventricles of the brain and the meminges or coverings of it but t is warily to be prescribed in affections of the eyes The sneezing medicine T is COMPOUNDED of the Powder of sneezing simples to one dram and a half or 2. drams for they are strong The USE and FORM â„ž c. Make a fine powder whose steam is either to be drawn into the Nostrils or especially when cephalical things are mixed with it in equal quantity a little as gr 1 2 3 by the help of a quil may be snuffed up in the
I. 1 Of an Apozeme 1 2 Of a Julip 24 3 Of a Potion 30 4 Of a Syrrup 51 5 Of a Vomitory 72 6 Of Medicated Wines 81 7 Of an Emulsion 8 Of Ammygdalate 9 Of Hordeatum 10 Of Milk and Whey 11 Of Hydromel 12 Of Water and Sugar with Barley Water 13 Of the Diet 14 Of Dragon-broth 15 Of a Restorative Distillation 16 Of Broths and Potages The Chapters and Forms of the second Section CHAP. I. 1 Of the Bolus 129 2 Of Opiates 134 3 Of Comfits and Conserves 143 4 Of Preserves 146 The Chapters and Forms of the third Section CHAP. I. 1 Of Pasta Regna 148 2 Of Pandaleon 150 4 Of Poineolate 4 Of Tablets 5 Of Pills 6 Of Powders The Second Book hath two Sections the first of common Remedies in divers parts the second of proper Remedies CHAP. I. 1 Of an Epitheme 169 2 Of a Lotion 173 3 Of a Fotion 176 4 Of a Bath 181 5 Of a stove or Sudatory 183 6 Of Embrocation 185 7 Of the Liniment 188 8 Of Unguents 190 9 Of a Cerecloth 194 10 Of an Emplaster 196 11 Of the Spanadrap 198 12 Of a Cataplasm 200 13 Of Rubisicating medicines The Dropax 203 14 Of Physical baggs The Vesicatory 205 The Chapters and Forms of the Second Section the Remedies proper to certain parts CHAP. I. 1 Of Frontal 2 Of Oxyrrhodinum 3 Of Cucupha 4 Of a Gargarism For the Nose 3 Of a liquid Unguent 6 Of a Phlegmatick Purgation 7 Of a Dentrifice or Medicine for the cleansing of the Teeth 8 Of an Errhinum or Medicine for the Nostrils 9 Of a Suffiment 10 Of an Odoriferous Medicine For the Stomach A Scutum or Releeving Medicine For the Womb. Pessarum or a Medicine for the Womb. For the Arse-hole Of a Suppository Of a Glyster Of a Nascale Also divers injections What Heads are to be observed in the Composition of every Medicine In the Composition of every Medicine three things must be observed The Form or Composition the Use and the Profit In the Composition on the Material part we shall observe in our prescriptions quantity quality and order where generally note that quality must be noted in single and those first most Appropriate and Efficacious that in as much as possible may be the party affected may be restored to health very suddenly Secondly They must be Safe that if they do not remedy they may no wise prejudice the party though in desperate Diseases desperate Medicines may be used with an exquisite Judgement Thirdly They must be Pleasant and Jucund in colour smel and tast yet contrary and resistant to the disease and in so doing you may happily put a gloss on nature Fourthly such Remedies as are experienced and approved for these will more safely cure then those which are newly found out by a Physitian though of the greatest judgement for the quantity in a continuity they must all be moderate not commending the use of an ounce when a dram is sufficient More specifically those Medicines which are bitter or nauseating neither in taste or smell not being easily retained or taken by the Patient must therefore be compounded in a less dosis for the discreete quantity or number of the ingredients those compositions must not be used where their simples are sufficient Also in the compositions of simples avoid much a vast and high bulk made like a theriacal Medicine these kind of Medicines causing a loathing in the sick who taketh the same and a trouble to the Apothecary in compounding or forming of the Paste on that account causing an omission depriving the Physitian of his hope and the sick of the operation of the Medicine with the losse of his health For the order of the prescription though nought of the strength of the medicine do sink after what sort soever the Simples are prescribed so they are rightly prepared yet it is far better and more elegantly to observe such an order in the prescription as I have described in every form so that in the general I have nothing more worthy of animadversion in the use of the prescribed form First consider the quantity or dosis then the time and lastly the use hence the words adnected in which the form is conceived In the Utility I shall shortly and plainly demonstrate the universal fruit which doth emerge from the form of every medicine in the Genus and the Species These two Physical Phrases are fit to be known by all English Men Printed for N. Brooke at the Angel in Cornhill ADAM in EDEN or the Paradise of Plants a compleat History of Plants Fruits Herbs and Flowers With their time of Flourishing and decreasing Together with their Physical Vertues a Work fit to be known by all English men by W.C. M D. and others THE DOCTORS DISPENSATORY OR THE APOTHECARY HIS SHOP OPENED SECTION 1. OF LIQVID MEDICINES CHAP. 1. Of Apozems and Decoctions THat which the Latines cal Decoction the Greeks cal Apozem properly derived from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies to heat or boyl But now an Apozem is onely that liquid form of a Medicine which is made of a Liquor saturated with the vertues of divers ingredients relished with Sugar or Honey clarified and spiced repared in a sufficient quantity for four or five doses either to purge or alter Apozems are two-fold one of the antients now out of use another of modern Writers of which I here write and from the general effect of it it is two-fold altering and purging Altering Apozems or Decoctions THat is called an altering Apozem or Decoction which hath a vertue to alter the body and things contained in it especially the Humours without that visible evacuation which is usually called purging Such altering Apozems either alter the body in the qualities only and these are properly called alterers in general or else as they are made of divers simples relating to each particular part they are termed cephalical cordial hepatical c. and these deserve to be accounted specifical alterers Or else and that usually they are given to make way for a succeeding purge and free the body from obstructions and these are called opening Apozems They alter humors either in the first or second qualities and that either without intention of purging and these are called simply altering apozems as heating c. or else also in the second qualities and with intention of future purging and these are generally called preparers or else as they have relation to particular humors they are specially termed preparers of phlegme Choler c. To these Apozems are to be referred divers decoctions which are used to provoke the courses Urine sweat as those water-wasting Medicines hereafter to be mentioned But enough of them in an altering Apozem these three things as most relating to a method of Physick are to be chiefly considered viz. 1. Composition 2. Use or manner of prescribing 3. Benefit gained by them In Composition six things are diligently to be considered 1.
practice from this foundation because every Apozem is likely prescribed for four doses the purgers must be taken in such a quantity as may suffice for these four that is four several doses of them are to be put into the decoction as alwaies these three Senna Polyooâ—y and Carthamus after the usual manner which you must appoint for the basis as for example to purge Phlegme four times together to one ounce or one ounce and a half of Senna and as much Polypody and although you have prescribed also as much Carthamus yet shal you add a fourth as Agarick to half an ounce or six drams and you wil have your aim but if besides Agarick you desire other phlegmagogues as Turbith or Hermodactils then either the dose of this or the others is to be diminished or at least a less proportion of these stronger is to be prescribed and this is a general rule safe every where yet you may prescribe a less quantity in respect of the sex age and time of the Year c. The Montpelier Physitians out of custom do usually prescribe a greater quantity as was before noted in the Composition so that against the common rules of others they take of the gentlest purgers to a sixfold or eight-fold proportion of the more vehement as Turbith to a four-fold quantity but although the Montpeliers do this other circumstances being seen to securely yet is it not to be followed in all places nor the dose so indifferently to be prescribed but rather relie on the common practice before mentioned or else search out the several doses of the simples in the substance by comparing of which you wil readily find out the several doses for the decoctions this only is to be 〈◊〉 ted that though Tamarinds by this rule of proportion might be boiled to eight ounces which is the four-fold proportion because they are given in substance to two ounces yet we seldom in the decoction transcend the dose in which they are given in substance because being viscid they make the decoction clammy and grosâ— hard to be clarified Myroâ—tilans also though they 〈…〉 purge yet are they never to be prescribed in the â—eattr but alwaies in the less dose at most to half an ounce or 6 drams because they make the decoction too much astringent contrary to the intention of the Physitian therefore also are they to be only lightly boiled in an Apozem purely purging but rather to be infused as by the counsel of Mesues is rightly admonished against the vulgar practice 4. But the ingredients of either Apozem are not to be prescribed promiscuously in any order but in a certain manner according to the nature of the things that are to be boiled according to that order which the Apothecary observes in preparing decoctions by the rules of art as first roots 2ly Leaves c. and so they add the rest severally to be boiled as is above set down yet although this be so the root of Liquorice because for its tenuitie of substance it is boiled in the rank with the flowers it may also be prescribed with them so if sweet Woods or Aromatical barks as Cinamom be set down with the number of Roots yet because they ought to be boyled last for their spirits which are easily vanishing therefore ought they to be prescribed last either with or immediatly before the flowers Seeds should be added after the Leaves yet the four greater cold Seeds especially of Melons and Gourds are prescribed just before the leaves so your red soicers are to be prescribed either with or just before the leaves and Barley is seldom set among the seeds but with the leaves for this is chiefly to be boyled but Mucilaginous seeds are to be added but just before the flowers as the seeds of Mallows Marsh Mallows c. lest by too long boyling they make the Decoction too thick and troubled I have before said that Catharticks are to be prescribed before the flowers yet Polypody of the Oak is most usually added amongst the roots but Epithymum usually among the Flowers and often in their quantity viz. by the Pugil correctives are to be placed immediatly after the purgers 5. Concerning the Liquor this is to be noted that Wine is usually added to Apozems or Decoctions in cold affections obstructions when gross humors are to be attenuated or when the force of the Medicine is to be conveyed far into the body but not so conveniently prescribed when they say in equal parts of Wine and Water because t is without commodity for if by a most gentle heat nay warmth the spirit of Wine from whence Wine hath his acuteness and energie and without which Wine is but water without life in distillation doth ascend and be elevated into the air the vessel being opened in the boyling what can we hope for but the whole loss of it by such boiling hence we must conclude that Wine is much more profitably added at the last after boiling Here is to be noted that the opening roots are usually macerated in Vinegar with a good Proviso but they do ill-which after pour out the Vinegar and boyl roots only robbed of their virtue for the virtue of them is passed into it which by this means is pour'd away for any sharp Liquors do effectually draw forth the force and essence of things as we may see in Extracts the Liquor therefore should not be poured away for it serves to dissolve the things decocted 6. It is to be noted that the limits of the decoction is ambiguously defined only in general the ingredients should be boyled til they have left all their virtue in the Liquor which in special some note by the change in the colour and alteration of the appearance of things viz. that the hard things should be softned others wasted Galen appoints to the Thirds sometimes to half Mesue to almost half modern Writers are various but that truth may be found both the faculties and nature of the Medicaments are to be considered for they whose virtues are easily dissolved are to be boyled the less time as to the consumption of the third or fourth part lest the efficacy of the simples consisting in a thin substance should vanish but they whose virtues will hardly exhale may be boyled to the wasting of two thirds they whose virtues are of a middle temper may be boyled to halves And that which is correspondent those things that are boyld in four times their quantity of Water to the thirds they which are boyld in 6 times their quantity til half be wasted as for the most part are all Apozems and Decoctions from whence this may be gathered that simples of a solid close hord substance as Roots Woods and Barks that are without smel should be boyld in eight times their quantity of water those which are of a rare thin soft subtile substance as Flowers Spices Purgers in four times their quantity those of a middle substance between these as Leaves Seeds and
Fruits in six times their quantity of Water 7. Concerning Clarification note that if we desire the decoction the stronger it is not to be clarified therefore they do il who boyl it again and clarifie it with the white of an Egge because by that means the virtue and essence wasteth it should therefore be thus appointed first it should be placed in Balneo Mariae or in a pot wel stopped over warm ashes so is the virtue preserved and the dregg and residence which otherwise would make it apt to putrifie wil settle to the bottom and the thin liquor clear in the upper part as if clarified may be kept for use 8. Concerning the Form of PRESCRIPTION these few things are also to be noted that fit words in prescribing forms and ingredients ought to be observed by an Artist lest he be derided or seem unskilful therefore these following things are wont thus to be prescribed â„ž Of the common or opening or diueretical roots macerated a night in white Wine for cold obstructions or for them whom Vinegar hurts or Vinegar c. Liquorice shaved and a little bruised c. The Bark of the roots of Capers c. The middle Bark of Ash c. The middle Bark of Tamarisk which three Barks are alway prescribed by the Montpellians in Obstructions and Melancholy affections The leaves of Borage Bugloss Dandelion Sorrel Cichory Endive with the roots or with the whole c. The tops of Fumitory Hops Mallows Hysop Wormwood Pontick or the tufts of it c. Whole Barley where you would cleanse and open huld Barley where you would lenifie and in the affections of the Brest The seeds of Melons and Gourds cleansed or the kernels of the seeds of Melons and Gourds c. Red Vetches c. Juniper berries c. Pippins pared and cut in slices N. 1 2 3. Raisins of the Sun picked and stoned c. Dates cleansed from their strings c. Fat Figgs or new Figgs c. Sweet Prunes c. Kernels of Pine Nuts washed c. Make a Decoction in Barley-water perfectly boyled c. CHAP. II. Of Julebs THis Medicine used chiefly for alteration unknown to the antientest Greeks is the invention of the Arabian so called because it is made of sweet and pleasâ—nt things the word Julep or Juleb signifying in the Persian tongue a sweet potion but the latter Greeks after the manner of the Arabians cal it Julapium and Jolabion which words yet remain among Physitians although the thing it self be grown out of use This is found two-fold among Authors one of the Antients another of modern Writers The Juleb of the Antients is wholly different from ours but simple consisting of some juyce distild water insusion of Barley or the decoction of one thing and sugar most commonly made for present use as was usually the Juleb of Roses otherwise called Alexandrinus or Regis most famous against thirst and heat But the Julep of modern Writers which is at this day every where prescribed retains the name of the Antients not the form and is every where called a Julep although some very late Writers cal it a syrup or Seraâ—ium as to this day some Italians do perhaps because a syrup is the basis of Juleps but at Montpâ—llier they are called Juleps But a JULEP is a fluid Medicine composed of an appropriate Liquor and Syrup and sometimes Sugar mixed together without boyling for 〈◊〉 or five doses either to prepare or alter humors otherwise or to strengthen the body Hence this altering Medicine may be judged twofold either it prepares the humors for purgation as the praepotions of the ancient Greeks which were fore running potions of general purgations which may therfore rightly be called a concocting potion or else alters the humours without any scope or intention of purging as also the spirits and other parts of the body hither appertain a strengthening and Cordial Julep In this three things are to be considered the Composition the use and the benefit In the Composition two things chiefly are to be weighed 1. An appropriat Liquor of which it is to be made 2. What things are to be dissolved in it In the Liquor two things are to be regarded the quality and quantity In relation to the Quality either there is prescribed a single distilled water regarding both the affection and the affected part which is most frequent especially in the winter time for the defect of Herbs either for a Julep to prepare the humors or alter them any other way or strengthen the faculties of the body Or else a distilled water and a juyce together which is most usual for a Cordial and strengthning Julep Or else a decoction for simple potions to be prescribed in half the quantity of an Apozem and almost in the same manner which is often to be put in practice for the concoction and alteration of humors But the quantity for every dose of Liquor is to be prescribed to three ounces or four ounces so that when the Julep is prescribed for 3 or 4 doses the quantity of the Liquor for the whole Julep should be eight ounces or twelve ounces if for 3 doses to twelve ounces or sixteen ounces for four doses having in the interim regard to the age and growth of the body for 4 ounces wil hardly be sufficient for great bodies unless it be powerful in virtue or strong in taste We must mark that when distilled waters and Juyces are prescribed together sometimes they are prescribed in equal quantities sometimes the Juyce sometimes the water exceeds each other two or three ounces but you must observe that when the Juyce that is added is sowr or sharp one ounce or two ounces will be enough for a Julep of two doses Things to be dissolved are considered in respect of their quality and quantity A to their quantity either it is sugar alone which is seldom seen or some appropriate syrup respecting both the affection and part affected which is generally received every where Besides these sweetners some other thing is alwayes to be dissolved in a Julep sometimes therfore there is dissolved 1. In a preparing Julep if you prescribe it of a decoction like apozems the same things that are dissolved in altering Apozems as aforesaid for this kinde of Julep is as it were a pretty Apor zem 2. In a Cordial or strengthning Julep either some cordial Confection and that alone as confectio Alkermes de Hiachintho especially where we are to strengthen in fluxes of the belly smal pox Worms or Treacle in contagious times Or eâ—se some Cordial powder alone and that either simple and this again arematical as Saunders or not aromatical as is usual in the smal Pox as of Harts-horn Ivory Coral-Pearls Vnicorns horn and also in other malignant humors in the Worms as also Coralline among them c. Or compound as the powder of some elect â—ary of the shops as species of Diamargariti frigidi c. as your indications
Medicine almost of the consistencie of Hony or somewhat thicker prepared either to alter or purge and because it is a bit a Medicine as much as the mouth can wel contain therefore it hath its name A Boble is three-fold viz. purging altering and strengthening A PURGING BOLE WHat a purging Bole is and what are his differences taken from the variety of humors that are to be purged may appear by what hath been said before in the Apozem But in it three things are to be considered the Composition Vse and Vtility In the COMPOSITION chiefly the matter of which 't is made in which there is to be considered its quality and quantity As to the quality of the MATTER in general 't is composed of purgers both simple and compound as any purging powder both simple and compound and sugar As to the quantity in general a bole ought not to exceed six drams or 1 ounce seldom 10 drams unless it consist of the gentlest sort of purgers But in special a purging bole as to the matter is composed 1. Either of Cassia alone which is most commonly the basis of a bole or also pulp of tamarinds especially in the cholerick though 't is better to have it of Cassia and some other purger together that its purging quality might be acuated which else is only lenifying lest otherwise by staying too long in the intrals it might overslacken them and then as to the quantity there is prescribed half an ounce or six drams of Cassia but of the purging opiate or tablet two drams or three drams more or less examining the doses by that caution before noted that if two or three be mingled with the Cassia the compleat dose of all might be found out Note that 't is commonly used in the affections of the reins and bladder to prescribe a bole of the aforesaid Cassia as the basis to six drams to which add two drams of Turpentine washed in violet or pellitory water with a sufficient quantity of powder of liquorice and sugar to which purpose also Turpentine alone is prescribed sometimes with a scruple of Rheubarb added to it as is hereafter setdown 2. Or of the purging officinal opiate which is either prescribed alone in that quantity which hath been before in the potion and shal hereafter be defined or else together with it is added a purging tablet or solid electuary in that proportion that all together may make up the compleat dose yet should the opiate somewhat exceed the others Note that sometimes either to these two joyned or to the opiate alone is added some purging powder and that either simple as the powder of Rrheubarb Mechoachan c. from half a scruple to half a dram or compound as of diaturoith from half a scruple to a scruple according to the quantity the other things are prescribed in or else sometimes not purgative but either directing or correcting or strenghening to half a scruple 3. Or else of a tablet or solid electuary either alone in the dose aforesaid in the potion and hereafter to be set down with some syrup or Sâ—gar or sometimes an opiate being added or a purging powder as aforesaid 4. Or which is very seldome of a powder onely either simple or compound made up with a syrup or sugar but this manner is lesse used 5. Or else which hardly deserves the name of a purging bole yet is used in affections of the reins of Turpentine washed in violet water c. to two drams or three drams with a scruple of the powder of Liquorice The USE as to the manner 't is taken by swallowing it down which is easiest done out of a spoon with some syrup that is gratefull to the taste Aâ— to the quantity 't is above defined The time is in the morning after the manner of other catarrticks The FORM of PRESCRIBING when Cassia onely is taken is â„ž take the marrow of Cassiae newly drawn and sometimes 't is added by the vapour of some decoction as of Barly Liquorice Mallows for the Reins or else 't is said the pulp or flour of Cassia c. make a bole with Sugar If of an Opiate â„ž c. with Sugar make it a bole But when a bole is made of the drier things as tablets and powders so that they can hardly stick together in the form of a bole â„ž let them be moistened with such a syrup then with Sugar reduce them into the form of a bole which let him take c. but when the bole is made of Turpentine â„ž Turpentine washed c. make a bole let each bit be wrapped in Wafers so take them out of a spoon with a convenient Syrup as of Maiden hair Violets c. let them be swallowed down in the morning three or four hours before dinner and that usually for three dayes together The UTILITY is the same with that of a potion viz. when the cause of the affection is in the inferior region or the parts adjacent but a bole of Cassia is particularly profitable in the reins and bladder in which we should deal very gently and onely lenisie The strengthening bole IN it three things are to be considered the composition use and utility As to the COMPOSITION in respect of its quality it is prepared 1. Either of officinall conserves and a powder which is either the Species of some Electuary of the shops or other aromaticall powder as of Cinnamom c. with Sugar Note that sometimes with the aforesaid conserves are also taken cordiall confections as alchermes de hyacintho 2. or of some strengthening officinall confection alone As to the quantity this bole in generall seldom exceeds three drams or half an ounce In speciall the quantities and dose of the first sort of these boles is this as of conserves let there be three drams half an ounce powders a Scruple Of confections if added one scruple or half a dram But of the second sort viz. the confection is prescribed from a dram to a dram and half The USE as to the time it useth to be prescribed the day after a purging Medicine two hours before dinner or otherwise at any other convenient hour simply to strengthen without any purge preceding it As to the manner 't is to be swallowed out of a spoon if you will with syrup drinking aftâ—r it a little wine diluted or other liquor fit for the purpose The FORM â„ž c. make it a bole with Sugar which let him take c. The Vtility sufficiently appears in its name see also the cordiall potion but most usually they are prescribed after purging medicines to comfort the stomack and parts afflicted by them as also by the violence of diseases and also simply to strengthen without Relation to any preceding Purgation as often as the strength growing weak or feeble by any other cause requires it as also to alter together with the strengthening so also this sort of boles are used against fluxes of the belly
cotton c. and apply it But of the Troschischs ℞ c. Make Troschischs see before The VTILITY is as is said either to strengthen or alter diversly usually to dry the brain and consume Catarrhs strengthen for Phlegm contained in the breast in divers affections to dry the ulcers of the lungs of Tobacco Coltsfoot Brimstone c. to provoke or stop the courses of fit things as also to stay the Fluxes of the belly as the dysentery against fits of the mother of ill-scented things to the superior and sweet scented things to the inferior parts to dry and strengthen the womb and help conception for Ulcers of the ears nose mouth lungs womb c. for the French Pox of Cinnaber as is usual whose fume received in a close place cures that filthy disease by a spetting Flux and all affections depending thereon as Ulcers pains And t is usually made in the form of a powder or Troschisch as ℞ Cinnaber one ounce and a half Gum balf an ounce four dram of a strengthening powder two drams three drams make a powder or else with turpentine make Troschischs The MOYST Suffiment is otherwise properly called a vapor and is made of a liquor fit for the purpose sending forth a vapor by the help of boyling it T is COMPOSED 1. Either of a simple liquor as vinegar wine Aqua vitae or Rose water c. Note that sometimes red hot flints are quenched in the vinegar for the discussing of hard Oedematous swellings as also red hot tyles to be quenched in vinegar and the vapor received as is usual in the time of the pestilence 2. Or of the decoction of fit simples to be prescribed in the quantity of the fomentation or according to the ampleness of the part Therefore in affections of the ears a third part of that will suffice The VSE and FORM ℞ c. make a decoction whose vapor let them receive in affections of the womb and others also thorow a hollow stool and a leaden Pipe or Tunnel see the Insession in affections of the ears by a Pipe or Tunnel which they vulgarly call an EMBOIE The UTILITY is great especially in affections of the Womb in staying or provoking the courses of mollifiers and attenuators in the dysentery of binders in divers affections of the Anus or Fundament in stopping and easing the Hemorrhoids they are also prescribed for affections of the ears and eyes In general they may be used to dry binde relax mollifie discuss open c. CHAP. X. Of Odoraments or Perfumes THey are prescribed partly for delight partly for health but chiefly to alter the brain refresh the animal spirits to put away ill sents and infectious ayre for the increasing the vigour and spirits of the heart also the sent of them being attracted with the breath into the Lungs and thence to the heart They are made of sweet smelling things and are either dry or moist Dry Perfumes These are Compounded 1 In the forme of a powder see the suffiments but the quantity of this is to be limited according to the manner of using it if it be for the greater baggs 't is best to use the Violet or Cipreos powder but for the lesser sort two or three ounces wil serve yet so that the quantity of the gums be diminished see above which in a box bored ful of holes or otherwise you may hold to the nose in a little knot or bagg of silk 2. Or in the form of a Pomander of the powder aforesaid in Suffiment for pleasure to one ounce an ounce and a half or two ounces adding Musk Ambergreese Civet to grains 6. half a scruple or a scruple as you please And 't is made up either with Gum tragant dissolved in Rose water so make two Pomanders to be carried in the hands or which is better let them be incorporated with Ladanum dissolved so make a Pomander which anoint with some sweet oyl Note also that t is better for your Musk Ambergreese Civet not to go into the Composition but to wipe the outside of it over with them dissolved as also with oyl of Cinnamom Cloves c. alone or mixt and to renew them often 3. Or in the form of Globulets or beads made of the same masse as the powders are but the proportion of it must be according to the quantity you intend to make to which the Apothecaries to increase the quantity of them add willow charcole finely powdered 4. Or in the form of a perfumed sope for the washing of the hands and head of Venice sope or other white sope to 4 ounces sweet powder six drams and if you wil Musk or Ambergreece gr 3 4 c. with a sufficient quantity of Rose water incorporate and make bals great or little The VSE let the sent of them be often snuffed up but the scope is onely to cleanse the hands and head from filthiness c. The VTILITY is expressed at first Moist Perfumes They are Compounded 1. in the form of sweet water and this is either simple as Orange-flower water to 3 ounces of which you may add of Musk or Ambergreese gr 2 or 3 The Compound is made of Odoriferous things liquid as Rose-water Orange-flower water c. 4 ounces Cinnamon water one ounce and dry things as of sweet powders to 2 3 or 4 drams and if you wil some few grains of Musk and Ambergreese 2. Or in the Form of a Liniment which now adayes they cal sweet balsam of white wax often washed and melted one ounce of some convenient chymical oyls one dram and if you wil Musk Civet Ambergreese some few grains or more coursly of half an ounce of sweet powder wax 3 drams oyl of Ben or of sweet Almonds q. s so maken Liniment adding Musk Ambergreese c. to some few grains The VSE of the water is to wash the hands beard and hair of the head chiefly The use of the Balsam and its utility is the same as that of the dry perfume the hand also may be lightly smeared and the inside of the nostrils to avoid stenches to comfort the brain and heart and the spirits of both CHAP. XI Of the Scute IT is in general a topical Medicine for the stomack made in the form of a Scutcheon which seeing it is usually made both of plaisters and baggs custome hath so far prevailed the strengthening bagg is often used for the Scute 'T is COMPOVNDED therefore 1. in the form of a bagg of the powders of heating stomachical stomachical things observing these rules in every thing that are set down for your Quilt Caps from whose Form it onely differs in the use so that 〈◊〉 the proportion of the powder be also two ounces 2. Or in the form of a Plaister of the mass of some stomachical plaister as Empl. de Mastiche 2 ounces and of some stomachical powder to half an ounce to which also are sometimes added wel sented gums to 2 drams and are all made up with
and those which are new weighty and full which if it be shaken doth not rattle or sound shining without and ful of fat pulp within Neither is it to be drawn til to be used for after 't is kept in it groweth sowr The Qualities As to the first qualities Cassia is very near temperate for Avicen lib. 2. ch 197. writes that it is temperate in the active qualities but that in the passive it doth somewhat moisten Serapio lib. Simp. ch 12. makes it altogether temperate Mesues cap. 6. Simpl. writes that it a little inclines to heat Ant. Musa in exam simpl says it is hot and moist in the first or beginning of the second degree As to the second qualities it lenifies mollifies and loosens purgeth choler and phlegme and makes the blood pure As to the parts and affections 't is dedicated to the Brest Lungs Liver Reins and bladder and is therefore profitably used in the Pleurisie burning Fevers hot distemper of the Liver heat of the Reins and bladder and also in the stone in the running of the Reins or Gonorrhea proceeding from a sharp matter or cholerick sperme As to the age and Sex 't is safe for all ages and very profitable for Women with child Correction of it Besides the aforesaid commodities Cassia hath this discommodity that 't is very windy maketh so slippery and is of slow operation hence it is hurtful for them that are troubled with windinesse and that have a weak moist stomack and less commodious for them that are of a loose belly and is hurtful for the Ulcers of the Reins and bladder and little helps them that are of a costive nature unless these defects of it be correrected But it is corrected as to its windiness with halfadram or a dram of the seeds of Annise Fennel Citrons as it over-moistens or relaxeth wth the powder of the bark of Myrobolanes Reubarb Ciâ—amon Mastick but chiefly Coriander seed prepared and as to its sloth in working 't is to be quickened with two drams or half an ounce of some purging Electuaries or Tablets The Dose 'T is given for the most part to children from three drams to half an ounce to those of ripe age an ounce an ounce and a half two ounces to those that are with child or weak one ounce if Cassia with the cane be taken the dose is the same But the most usual dose of Cassia is from half an ounce to an ounce The manner of giving it Cassia is taken either in the form of a bole or a potion if it it be taken in the form of a bole the basis is Cassia to an ounce or an ounce and a half as need requires correctors being added or things respecting the part affected to half a dram or a dram or things that quicken it to two or three drams more or lesse and so with q. s of Sugar is made a bole as for example in affections of the breast â„ž of Cassia newly drawn one ounce more or lesse Flower of brimstone or some other pectoral powder to a scruple or half an dram the seed of Annise or some other corrector two scruples with sugar make a bole In burning Fevers â„ž c. of Cassia one ounce the seeds of Citrons powdered one dram with sugar make a bole In affections of the Reins and Bladder 't is prescribed of Cassia six drams Turpentine washed in pellitory-Pellitory-water two drams with powder of Liquorish sugar q. s make a bole so according to the indication may be adjoyned those things that suppresse the effluvium of the seed as Coral Mastick Oriental bole Troschisch of Amber to half a dram or two scruples and so with sugar make a bole 't is a most excellent Medicine if the faculty of Cassia is to be acuated â„ž of Cassia six drams or half an ounce some purging Tablets or Electuaries as Diaprun solutive or Electuar de succco Rosar two or three drams Coriander seed prepared 2 scruples with sugar make a a bole In those that are of a loose constitution other purgers are added that are indued with a strengthening binding faculty as to 1 ounce of Cassia take an ounce of Reubarb or the barks of Myrobolanes and half a dram of some of the correctors so with Sugar make a bole But if it be taken in the form of a potion some Liquor is to betaken in which the Cassia is to be dissolved This Liquor is either a distilled water as of Sorrel Endive Succory or some decoction of fit plants as for example take of Cassia an ounce a half which dissolve in q. s of Liquor make a potion Of late at Paris they have began to use Cassia in infusion which way is of all the best because Cassia in the form of a bole is ungrateful through its extream quantity and if it be dissolved in a fit Liquor it renders the potions too gross therefore 't is much better if Cassia be infused in some conveniet Liquor in some hot place and a q. s of the in fusion strained be dissolved in other things c. or if need be some other may be joyned and so given as for example in burning Fevers â„ž Sorrel water as much as you wil in which infuse of Cassia newly drawn an ounce and a half or lesse in q. s of the strained Liquor dissolve two drams of Electuary of the juice of Roses more or lesse make a potion MANNA The Kinde THe word Manna is a doubtful word for somtimes 't is taken for the Manna of Frank-insence which is nothing else then the smal corns of frankinsence broken off in carriage or else 't is meant of a dew condensed in this latter sense I here understand it Of this there are diverse differences taken from the Provinces but that which is usual in the shops is that which is brought out of Calabria which is gathered in Calabria by the Inhabitants about the dogg-dayes upon the leaves of the Ash and the wild Ash which is two-fold Manna in grains which is as it were in smal grains and the Masticine Manna which consists of the greater grains like Mastick The first is called Manna of the leaves because 't is gathered from the leaves the other is called Manna of the body because 't is taken off from the greater boughes And this Manna is altogether celestial i. e. falling from the very region doth settle on the leaves and doth not proceed like Gum out of the tree as Altimarus and the Monks that have commented on Mesues have written for it fals not onely on the leaves of trees but also on the Meadows so that the mowers cannot untangle easily their sickles from the grasse by reason of the Manna dissolved on them with the heat of the Sun but the reason why 't is onely gathered from the Ash and wild ash called Ornus is because the Ash hath some occult quality whereby it doth thicken and coagulate the Manna which from other trees drops off like Honey on
the grasse benerth The Election That is to be chosen that is white new not more then a year old for that which is red or brown is too old round whose grains being broken are not spnngy nor ash'coloured but solid and white The Qualities According to Avicen and Mesue 't is temperate to Averrhoes 't is hot and moist it opens mollifiers smooths gently moves the belly draws forth choler and purgeth watrish humors chiefly dedicated to the wind-pipe and breast hence it is profitably used in hectical Fevers and to quench thirst 't is lesse useful in burning Fevers for its sweetness for which reason it easily turneth into choler 't is safely given both to Women with child and children The Correctors Because it is flatulent 't is corrected with a little Cinnamon Ginger or Aniseed and because 't is slow of operation 't is usually quickened with syrup of Roses solutive or some gently purging decoction some add two three or four grains of Diagridium The Dose Is from an ounce to two or three ounces but commonly to an ounce and a half and to children one ounce Mesues appoints from six drams to fifteen but perhaps he meant the best sort of Masticine Manna The form of giving it 'T is given iâ— the form of a potion dissolved in the broth of a Chicken in which 't is scarcely perceived or in VVhey or in some decoction or in a convenient water In the Cholick with oyl of sweet Almonds to which a little Malmsey should be added sometimes t is prescribed to be eaten down TAMARINDS The Kind T Is a fruit of a certain kind of Indian tree which the Arabians have referred to the kind of dates as if it were the fruit of a wild Datetree because t is called the Indian date for Tamar in their language signifies Date But they have not properly called this fruit Dates as if the tree were of the kinds of Dates or like a Date tree but more respecting the similitude of the fruit which also contain little stones in them as Dates do then which they had found no fitter name but the pulp of this Fruit onely is in use the stones being to be cast away The Election Those Tamarinds are the best that are fat and pulpy brown sharp and soft from whence they were called Oxyphaenica The Qualities They are cold and dry in the second degree as Mesues writes and that to the height as Brassavolus and as Avicen saith in the third they mitigate humours too much burnt especially choler they move the belly and purge choler therefore are profitably used in vomitings to quench thirst in madness and for those that are obstructed hydropical sick of the Jaundies and Spleen-sick they also prevent all exulcerations of the skin hapning through too much torrifying of the blood as the Scabs Leprosie Frâ—ckles and Ring-worms The Correction They hurt by their coldness a cold stomack and are of slow operation and are therefore corrected with Mace Mastick Cinnamon and Spiâ—enard and are quickened with whey of Goats milk Juice of Fumitory or Hops Manna or Cassia The Dose Is from one ounce to two and three ounces which varies according to the manner of giving them The manner of giving them They are given either in the form of a bole or potion if in the form of a bole then the masse of them is first to be washed with a pestle after driven through a hair sieve placed over steeming hot water and afterwards adding correctors to the proportion as is said in the Cassia with Sugar make a bole But for the most part Tamarinds are not given alone but to half an ounce of the pulp of Tamarinds is added one ounce of Cassia then adding Correctors as is said in Cassia make a bole the form of a potion is used either in an infusion or a decoction The infusion is made thus they are steeped in Endive water three hours afterwards make an expression and give the strained Liquor with Sugar The decoction is made thus â„ž of Tamarinds one ounce boyl in it ten ounces of VVhey or some other broth altered with Hops or Fumitory til two ounces be wasted strain them thorow a thick cloth take of the strained Liquor two five or six ounces with Sugar make a potion The Dose of the decoction and infusion is the same viz. from â„¥ ii to â„¥ v. or â„¥ vi JUYCE of ROSES Roses used in the Shops are white red damask either common or musked The Kind This is the juyce drawne forth of the damask Roses or else from the musked white ones not the common ones wherewith rose Gardens abound but either of the damask or musked Election The juyce of the musked Roses and damask Roses is to be preferred before the juyce of other pale Roses and the juyce of Roses full blowne is better then that of the buds The Qualities This juyce is hot and dry in the first degree though Roses themselves be cold in the first and dry in the second degree the reason according to Mesues is because the juyce is here separated from the earthy and cold substance It discusseth cleanseth opens purgeth choler and yellow watrish humors and moves the courses gently therefore not to be given to women with child 'T is good for the liver and heart and is used in obstructions of the liver and pantings of the heart as also in cholerick Feavers for it purgeth humours that cause these diseases it strengthens the bowels by purging them and there is no malignity in it The Dose and manner of giving it 'T is given from â„¥ i. to â„¥ ii with sugred water or according to Mesues with whey or honey giving â„¥ i. of the juyce of Roses with â„¥ ii or â„¥ iii. of whey but now with us is prepared an infusion of damask Roses and of that is made syrup of Roses solutive simple called Muchard and compound also honey of Roses solutive and out of the juyce is prepared Electuary of the juyce of Roses but this is of red Roses RUBARB The Kind 'T is called Rubarb by an Antonomasia figuratively and is a famous root of a barbarous people in the East Indies or of some Province of Barbary called the Trogloditick but very ill so esteemed For as Garcias ab horte Lib. 1. c. 37. and Linscot Par. 4. Ind. Orient Cap. 29. there is no Rubarb in India but onely in China where it growes from whence it is carried to Ormur through Tartary and thence into India and againe by the Westerne Tartars into Turkey and so to Venice from whence the other Kingdomes of Europe are stored with it This Root was unknown to Galen and Dioscorides and therefore diverse think amisse that this is the Rhapontick of Dioscorides and Galen and so confound that with our Rubarb For the Rheum of Dioscorides hath no purging quality and besides wants the markes of the true Rubarb for Rubarb is in substance compact weighty and brittle bitter in tast and sharp in smell of a
use But the true preparation of Scammony is done with the juyce of Limons clarified in which it is dissolved in B. M. and whilest it is yet hot it is strained through a linnen by which meanes the grosse and impure substance that doth nothing but hurt is separated Scammony thus prepared and corrected is called Diagridium The Dose The Dose of prepared Scammony i.e. of Diagridium is from gr vi to xii and ℈ i. Mesues from gr v. to xii Dioscorides and Ruffus to ʒ i. Paulus and Aelius to ℈ ii But perhaps the Scammony of the Greeks was gentler then ours not adulterated as now a days with the juyce of Spurge therefore it is better to follow the dose appointed by Mesues then that of the Greeks so that the lowest Dose be to gr v. vi the middle Dose to gr xii and the highest to gr xv or ℈ i. The manner of using it Diagridium is used in the forme of a potion bole electuary pils powder Dioscorides gave it in forme of a potion with fair water or water and hony But now a dayes it is neater used with oyl of sweet Almonds or syrup of Roses solutive and some convenient distilled water as for example ℞ of syrrup of roses solutive ℥ i. Diagridium gr vii more or lesse with succory water s q. make a potion The Bole is made of gr x. or xii of Diagridium with conserves of roses to ʒ ii and the chymicall oyl of cloves three or four drops a most pleasant purge It is used in form of an Electuary in the Electuary of the juyce of roses and transparent diacidonium purgative the Dose of both which is ʒ iii. yet the Electuary of the juyce of roses is never given by it selfe but dissolved in some convenient distilled water in the forme of a potion There is also made a pleasant electuary of the jelly of apples to twice the weight of the sugar to which boyled up to a just consistence there is added the infusion of Scammony in this proportion that ℥ i. of the electuary may receive ʒ i. of the infusion then boyling it up to the consistence and make an electuary like clear Marmelade the dose is ʒ iii. And this infusion of Scammony is made in aq vitae which afterwards is filtrated through a gray paper 'T is used in the form of Pils in many masses of Pils of the shops also it may be made into magisteriall Pils of a certain proportion of diagridium as gr viij ix xii with a fit juyce or syrrup Lastly the powder is thus composed out of Diagridium ℞ of creme of tartar ℈ ij or ʒ i. of Diagridium gr vii or more according to your indications mix it and make a powder to be taken in broath THE SECOND CLASSIS OF PURGERS IN WHICH ARE CITED THE PHLEGMAGOGVES OR PURGERS OF PHLEGME CARTHAMUS The Kind IT is the seed of wild or bastard Saffron whose kernell is onely used to purge withall and therefore in prescriptions it is commonly set downe the kernel part or middle of Carthamus bruised The Election That seed is best that is white plain thick and full whose kernel is fat and unctuous and husk thin The Qualities Mesues saith it is hot in the first and dry in the second degree Galen and Paulus say it heats in the third degree if it be used outwardly it purgeth phlegme and watrish humours it wonderfully discusseth windinesse and therefore is profitable in the cholick and dropsy it is addicted to the breast and lungs but is nought for the stomack The Correcters It is corrected for its hurting the stomack with stomachicall things as Anniseed Cinamon Galingale Mastich and the like but as to its slow operation by adding sharp things as Cardamomes Ginger Sal gem The Dose Is from ℥ s to ʒ vi and ℥ i. in infusion The manner of using It is seldome given unlesse in composition especially the Diacarthamum of the shops either in a liquid or solid consistence But by Mesues both by his owne and others judgment 1 In the form of Pils making a mass of ʒ x. of the kernelly part of Carthamus and ʒ i. of Cardamomes of which make Pils like pease and give ʒ v for one dose 2 In the form of a honyed syrrup viz. of an oxymel The kernelly part of Carthamus being tied up in a thin cloth and soaked in oxymel of squils whilst it is a boyling by which meanes it is made solutive 3 In the form of a bole ℞ of the Medulla or kernelly part of Carthamus ʒ xii pinidies ʒ iv Cardamomes and Ginger ana ʒ i. with honey make pils like wall-nuts of which let him take one or two at a time 4 In form of a potion the same Medulla being boyled in cock broath to ℥ s or thereabouts and afterwards the broath drank downe A GARICK The Kind and Election It is a Fungus or excrescence growing to the trunck of the Larch tree taking its name from Agaria a country of Sarmatia in which the best did grow yet now the best is had from the Dolphiny in France and from the mountaines about Trent as also in Rhetia Vindelitia and Noricum Countyes of Germany The marks of the best Agarick are included in the distick following Agarick's best that 's soon broke shining white If much goes to a pound for then 't is light That which is black weighty or wormeaten is discommended and that part of it that growes next the Tree The Qualities It is hot in the first dry in the second degree it cuts attenuates cleanseth openeth and discusseth it purgeth phlegme especially that which is gross and tough and both the sorts of choler from the brain nerves muscles organes of the senses back-bone brest lungs stomack liver spleen reines womb joynts it also resisteth poysons And therefore perhaps it is called by Democritus the medicine for the family because it hath some influence on all the parts of the body and takes away their obstructions and any disease thence arising and is safe for all ages but let women with child avoid it for it provokes the courses and is apt to cause abortion The Correction Two faults are to be corrected in Agarick 1 The slowth in working 2 The lightnesse or levity of it whereby it floates in the stomack and provokes vomiting and sticking to the intrals it moves defluxions and as it were pricking and fretting them breeds gripings which fauls of it are diversely corrected by Mesues but the best way is to make it into troschiscks with s q. of white wine or Malmsey wherein Ginger hath been steeped The Dose and manner of taking it The powder both of that in troschiscks and the other is given from ℈ ii to ʒ i and ʒ ii but in decoction or infusion from ʒ ii to ℥ s ʒ v It is given both in the form of a potion pils and bole In the form of a potion if the powder of Agarick especially the troschiscated be dissolved in a convenient liquor
using it It is used either in Pils as â„ž of Euphorbium gr vi mitigaters as of the seeds of Lettice Purslane Endive flowers of Roses ana gr iij with juyce of Lemons make Pils Or else it may be dissolved in the juyce or water of Endive like a potion Or made into the form of a bole with Cassia as â„ž of Cassia Ê’ iij. Euphorbium prepared gr iij. with sugar make a bole THE THIRD CLASSIS OF PURGERS WHEREIN ARE TREATED THE MELANAGOGVES OR PURGERS OF MELANCHOLY SENA The Kind IT is a codded Plant first brought to us out of the Easterne Countryes very like to Collutea which we call bastard Senna we use chiefly the leaves though Mesues sayes the cods are the more effectuall which is to be understood of the cods that are gathered whilst they be green and juycy and suddainly dryed but not of those that are fading and dryed on the Plant. The Election But seeing the cods are seldome brought to us we are to take those leaves of Senna which are green throughly dryed not spotted or worm-eaten but cleansed from their stalkes The Qualities The leaves are hot and dry in the first degree they purge melancholy burnt choler and phlegm from the brain lungs liver spleen stomack and mesentery and therefore heal diseases of the aforesaid parts arising from such like humours safely to be given to all ages and to them which are with child a most profitable purge The Correction It is corrected for its windinesse and the offending of the stomack that is imputed to it with Ginger Cinamon Anniseed Cloves The Dose In substance is from Ê’ i to Ê’ i s Ê’ ii some will give Ê’ iii. but in infusion or decoction from Ê’ iii. to â„¥ s Ê’ vi and in the stronger sort to â„¥ i. if there be no other purgers The manner It is given either in substance or infusion or decoction In substance it is given diversly 1 In the form of Pils as â„ž of the powder of Sena Ê’ i. Ginger Cinamon ana ℈ s salt peter gr v. make them into pils with some convenient syrup which may either be taken all at once or else some only as the usuall pils 2 In form of a potion dissolving the powder of Senna with the correctors in some fit liquor especially whey 3 In the form of Lozonges for children as is said in Rubarb The infusion The infusion of Senna is also diversly used 1 The leaves of Senna are infused to a double proportion to that they may be given in substance in s q. of white wine afterwards the liquor is strained forth which may either be given of it selfe or other things may over and above be dissolved in it as is said in Rubarb 2 In form of an extract prepared according to art with the water of hops harts-tongue borrage fumitory adding to it a proportion of Cloves Ginger Fennel-seed c. 3 In form of a sennated spirit as â„ž of the leaves of Senna cleansed â„¥ iii. creme of Tartar â„¥ ii Cinamon â„¥ i. Mace â„¥ s spices of Diagalangal â„¥ i s Ginger â„¥ s infuse them three dayes in spirit of wine either common or of Malmsey afterwards filtrate it and keep for your use The Dose is from â„¥ s to Ê’ vi in phlegmatick fat people only for its heat The Decoction of Senna is made after the same manner as the decoction of Rubarb only changing Rubarb for Senna POLIPODY The Kind 'T is a herb like Ferne growing on mossy wals and the old bark of Trees whose root which is only in use hath many knots and tufts of sprigs like the fish Polipus from whence the name 't is also called tree-Ferne The Election That is to be elected that growes on the Oake and is new and knotty for that which is old binds The Qualities As to the Qualities it purgeth burnt choler and phlegme helps the collick and is peculiarly appropriated to the Spleen and is most effectual in hypochondriacall affections The Correction But because it dryeth very much it is to be corrected with liquorish and to quicken it in the working add a third part of Anniseed Fennel or Ginger c. The Dose Is from Ê’ ii to Ê’ iii. and â„¥ s The manner It is given either in decoction or infusion made in some fit liquor i. e. that is appropriated both to the part and affection as whey for scabbinesse and burnt choler in Barly water for Quartane Agues adding fit correctors to a third part EPITHIMUM The Kind It is a herb that grows upon thin hyssop savory mother of Time and other Plants like Dâ—dder from which it differs in figure native place and qualities although some use Epithimum and Dodder promiscuously But these medicines should rather be referred to the openers then purgers and it is better to use them with others then them alone and therefore they should have been referred to the alterers for which place also I reserve them Though this purgeth but gently yet it doth move the belly and might claime a place among the purgers as Polipody which also more openeth then purgeth but the best use of Epithimum is with others purgers of melancholy for it doth specifically direct their faculties to the humor opens obstructions and makes that humour yeild and be obedient 'T is hot and dry in the end of the second degree and of thin parts it is best corrected with liquorish and raisins of the sun stoned and is most used in infusions or decoctions Ê’ i or Ê’ ii of this at most will be enough to put into any other purging potion it is chiefly used for them that have stiches in their sides through obstructions coming of grosse cold humors and after Quartane agues Black HELLEBORE The Kind Black Hellebore is of two sorts the false and the true The false is either the Garden false Hellebore which Fuchsius cals Eristwarken or the wild which is called Helleboraster The true black Hellebore is by some thought to be that which Mathiolus cals the purple flowred by others to be the Sanicula femina of Fuâ—hsius by others to be that which Mathiolus cals Psendohellebor which hath flowres like them of Oxe eye The Election For use we must choose the true black hellebor viz. that with the purple flower or for want of it the false or adulterine Garden black hellebore The roots only are in use the small pith being cast away which is to be steeped in wine of Quinces in a warme place and after dryed and laid up for use The Qualities As to the Qualities it is hot and dry in the third degree it purgeth the dry sort of me lancholy and other burnt humors that are hardly loosned therefore it is profitable for all melancholy diseases as madnesse melancholy leprofie quartane agues c. Where note that black hellebore rightly used is a hurtlesse medicine and may safely be given to children have a care of women with child and other weak bodies The Correction It is corrected with cordiall and
Stavesacre Treacle-mustard Sesely Silvermontan Fruits Figs Raisins bitter Almonds Juniper berries Bay-berries Gums Mastick Ammoniack Myrrh Animal things Castor These Simples as to their use are either chewed as is usually the roots of Pellitory of Spain steeped all night in Vinegar to ℥ i. or else a powder made of the aforesaid things to ʒ iii. or ℥ s is taken with s q. of wax and made up into Troschischs as big as Lupines one of which is chewed in the mouth and so rolled up and down a reasonable while Opthalmicks or Eye-Medicines called by by the Latines and Greeks Opthalmica THey are called so in general which are used to heal diverse affections of the Eyes and are divided chiefly into three Classes The first contains the Oxidorcicks or Medicines that sharpen the sight The second contains those Medicaments that are for the inflāmation of them either in the beginning as Repellers and Anodynes or easers of pain or else in the state and declination as Digesters or Discussers the third includes the Cleansers that are used in the Ulcers Spots Suffusions and such like affections of the Eyes Oxidorcicks or Sharpners of the Sight Internal Roots Of Fennel Celendine the greater Avens Valerian Leaves Of Eye-bright Celendine Fumitory Fennel Vervain Rue Clary Seeds Silvermountain seed Rape seed Radish seed Fennel Carraway seed Clarified Juices Of Fennel Vervain Eyebright Marjoram Rue Distilled Waters Of Eyebright Vervain Celandine Fennel Rue Wine Of Eyebright On the contrary these hurt the Sight Radishes Garlick Onions Mustard and Cresses Externall Oxidorcicks or Quickeners of Sight Water of Hony if the dimnesse proceed from the thicknesse of the tunicles distilled Waters of the aforesaid sight-sharpning simples mixt together adding Gall and the Urine of a Boy under age white Wine and Hony Antimony to ʒ i. infused in ℥ iv of Water The Juices aforesaid dropped into the Eye the Juice of Rocket and of flowring Willow that which drops out at a cut in the Bark Anodynes or Easers of Pain Mucilages Of the seed of Fleawort of white Poppy seeds where you would also Lenifie of Quince seed where you would also bind Waters Of Roses of pickings of Roses of Plantain Nightshade Housleek Purslain Womens milk white of an Egg beaten with water Sweet Apples roasted under the Embers or boiled in Milk juice of Apples Crums of Bread steeped and boiled in Milk adding a little Saffron to gr iv or v. White Troschises of Rhazis where there is great pain And in vehement pain Opium to gr ii in liquid Colliriums Repellers Waters Of Roses Mirtles Plantains Violets Purslain Nightshade Juices O◠Quinces sowr Apples Pomegranates white of an Egg. Muscilage Of Quince seed pulp of Quinces boiled in some binding Water as in the Water of stalks or pickings of Roses Discussers Decoctions Of Fenngreek Camomile Melilot Fomentations and Vapors Of the same things together with the Oxidorcicks before named Waters Of Eyebright Aqua vitae ¶ Of Fennel Celendine Rue with a little white Vitriol or salt peeter in it Animals their parts and Excrements Womans milk the blood of Pigeons and turtle Doves the feathers of young Pigeons that are full of blood drawn forth and pressed into the Eyes the gall of Fishes Gums Sarcocal fed with milk Rosins Myrrh and Frankincense Juices Aloes Verjuice where there is also a burning joined with the others And lastly Saffron Cleansers Some are gentle without biting the use of which is in the declination of Inflammations as Sugar-candy Hony juice of red Roses Antimony washed Cadmia Pompholix or white Tutty gray Tutty Skuttle-bone Pumice-stone Lead burnt and washt Others are stronger and joined with a biting the Vse of which is chiefly in Suffusions Skins and sometimes in Ulcers as gals of Fishes which are the gentler of four-footed Beasts which are moderate and of Birds which are the strongest to which add the gall of Vipers and Serpents Note that the gall of Partridges is the strongest of all and that of Hens is the gentlest Juices Of Fennel Quinces Celendine blew flowred Pimpernel Urine water of Hony compounded with the Oxidorcicks Others are the strongest of all as Vitriol burnt Verdigrease white Vitriol a liquor of which made with the whites of Eggs is excellent in the inflammation Itch and rednesse of the Eyes crude Antimony Oticks or Ear-Medicines by the Latines Auricularia by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THese are Remedies that help the Hearing and are two-fold Internal and External The Internal are the Cephalical Medicines before rehearsed which alter consume or discusse the Humor contained in the inward cavity of the Ear whether they be hot if the Malady come from cold and grosse Humors or cold if the cause of the Deafnesse proceeds from hot Humors which useth to happen in acute Diseases after the Crisis the matter of the Disease being sent to the Ears External also are two-fold Hot and Cold. The Hot are these following Waters Aqua vitae simple or compounded with some of the other Cephalical things made in white Wine this cuts cleanseth digests any slimy Humor And to this purpose there are infused the roots of Radish Leeks Onions Sowbread white Hellebore Castor Saffron salt Peeter Cows gall besides the Cephalical things ¶ Crato commends Carduus benedictus infused in Spirit of Wine and then distilled for a singular Experiment See Crato Ep. 59. Decoctions made of the same things in Aqua vitae simple Vinegar or Vinegar of squils Juices Of Onions Leeks Radishes Rue Ash Common Oyls As of bitter Almonds Spikenard Distilled Oyls These following besides the Cephalical Oyls aforesaid of Sage Rue Cummin seed Carraways Fennel seed Bay berries Spike Animols The fat of an Eele that drops from it whilest it is roasting dropped into the Ear for is mollifies and relaxeth by reason of its fat substance attenuates and discusseth partly by the quality it obtains from the fire but chiefly by that it gets from Bay leaves wherewith it should be stuck full when it is laid down ¶ To these may be added the fat of an Hedgehog prepared after the same manner and Woodlice which some call Monks pease others Cheeslogs powdered and mixed with somu auricular Oyl and dropped into the Ear. Suffumigations made of the like things as are before spoken of Musk wrapped up in wool or cotten and put into the Ear. ¶ Civet is much more forcible especially if you add to it a drop or two of Oyl of Cinamon or Cloves The Cold are these Oyls Of Water-lillies Roses Violets Womens milk warm from the brest Juice or liquor of Vines which distils from the branches cut in the Spring Decoctions of Cooling things as Roses Mallows Violets Willow Lettuce Water-lillies ¶ Plantain Endive Straw-berries Purslain Odonticks or Teeth-Medicines THey are so called that strengthen the Teeth and by cleansing them from the filth whiten them these are a fit matter for Dentifrices and they are these following Of Plants the stalks of Burnet Pellitory of the wall