whence_o the_o salt_n be_v draw_v must_v be_v put_v in_o some_o cover_a place_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n where_o neither_o sun_n rain_n nor_o any_o other_o water_n may_v come_v and_o there_o it_o must_v be_v spread_v all_o abroad_o about_o a_o foot_n high_a then_o you_o must_v have_v in_o readiness_n horse_n dung_n or_o the_o excrement_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o beast_n great_a and_o small_a and_o put_v off_o this_o upon_o the_o other_o about_o the_o height_n of_o three_o or_o four_o foot_n then_o take_v all_o that_o be_v skume_v from_o the_o lixivium_n in_o boil_v and_o the_o water_n that_o be_v leave_v and_o will_v not_o shoot_v and_o the_o bottom_n that_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o wooden_a vessel_n where_o the_o salt-peter_n do_v shoot_v and_o throw_v they_o away_o as_o hurtful_a and_o useless_a upon_o the_o dunghill_n throw_v likewise_o every_o day_n or_o as_o often_o as_o you_o can_v the_o urine_n of_o man_n and_o let_v it_o lie_v two_o year_n and_o you_o shall_v have_v your_o earth_n fill_v with_o salt-peter_n as_o before_o with_o a_o great_a abundance_n you_o may_v likewise_o throw_v upon_o your_o dunghill_n the_o horn_n claw_n and_o hooss_n of_o beast_n and_o then_o from_o this_o earth_n it_o will_v be_v very_o easy_a to_o draw_v good_a salt-peter_n by_o the_o method_n we_o have_v prescribe_v chap._n x._o to_o clarify_v and_o refine_v salt-peter_n take_v as_o much_o salt-peter_n as_o you_o please_v and_o be_v put_v in_o a_o copper_n pour_v upon_o it_o so_o much_o fair_a water_n as_o will_v dissolve_v it_o that_o be_v about_o eight_o of_o water_n and_o three_o of_o salt_n and_o pour_v upon_o the_o same_o of_o the_o former_a lixivium_n prepare_v of_o ash_n quick-lyme_n and_o roch_n alum_n boil_v it_o upon_o the_o fire_n until_o all_o the_o salt-peter_n be_v dissolve_v that_o be_v do_v have_v in_o readiness_n a_o vessel_n of_o wood_n sufficient_o big_a and_o so_o dispose_v that_o another_o may_v stand_v under_o the_o same_o which_o must_v before_o it_o be_v so_o set_v be_v pierce_v in_o the_o middle_n and_o the_o hole_n cover_v over_o with_o a_o earthen_a dish_n let_v the_o uppermost_a tub_n be_v fill_v five_o or_o six_o inch_n with_o fine_a clean_a sand_n then_o let_v the_o tub_n be_v cover_v over_o with_o a_o course_n cloth_n and_o pour_v through_o the_o same_o into_o your_o sand-tub_n your_o dissolve_a salt-peter_n and_o so_o it_o will_v distil_v by_o little_a and_o little_a into_o the_o vessel_n which_o stand_v under_o and_o so_o pass_v through_o the_o sand_n it_o will_v be_v discharge_v of_o all_o its_o superfluity_n and_o will_v leave_v the_o most_o terrestrial_a part_n and_o such_o as_o be_v useless_a in_o the_o sand_n which_o water_n again_o put_v into_o the_o cauldron_n and_o boil_v it_o up_o as_o former_o until_o it_o may_v be_v fit_a to_o congeal_v and_o in_o the_o end_n pour_fw-fr it_o into_o wooden_a long_a flat_a vessel_n as_o before_o and_o in_o two_o or_o three_o day_n it_o will_v be_v shoot_v into_o crystal_n as_o former_o which_o if_o you_o will_v have_v pure_a you_o must_v reiterate_v this_o work_n once_o more_o or_o you_o may_v put_v upon_o this_o peter_n lyme-water_n filter_n it_o and_o boil_v it_o up_o according_a to_o art_n and_o it_o will_v be_v pure_a salt-peter_n may_v be_v purify_v thus_o put_v your_o salt-peter_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o copper_n iron_n or_o vernished_a earth_n i_o like_v a_o crucible_n best_o which_o be_v put_v to_o a_o small_a fire_n augment_v it_o gradual_o until_o all_o the_o salt_n be_v melt_v and_o boil_v then_o take_v common_a sulphur_n fine_o pulverize_v and_o throw_v it_o upon_o the_o liquified_a salt-peter_n which_o will_v quick_o take_v fire_n and_o burn_v and_o by_o the_o same_o mean_n consume_v all_o the_o gross_a and_o viscous_a humour_n with_o the_o terrestrial_a salt_n remain_v useless_a among_o the_o salt-peter_n before_o the_o rectification_n beside_o you_o may_v reiterate_v this_o work_n by_o put_v on_o fresh_a sulphur_n many_o time_n until_o such_o time_n all_o the_o strange_a humour_n be_v quite_o consume_v in_o the_o end_n the_o salt-peter_n be_v well_o melt_v and_o well_o purify_v pour_v it_o upon_o well_o polish_a marble_n or_o plate_n of_o iron_n or_o copper_n or_o glaze_v earth_n and_o let_v it_o cool_v and_o you_o will_v have_v a_o salt-peter_n congeal_v almost_o resemble_v in_o colour_n and_o hardness_n the_o true_a alabaster_n chap._n xi_o how_o salt-peter_n meal_n be_v make_v without_o any_o beat_n for_o the_o make_n of_o gunpowder_n salt-peter_n well_o purify_v must_v be_v put_v in_o a_o kettle_n upon_o a_o furnace_n over_o a_o fire_n then_o moderate_o increase_v the_o fire_n with_o bellows_o to_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o heat_n until_o it_o begin_v to_o smoke_n and_o evaporate_v until_o the_o salt_n begin_v to_o lose_v its_o humidity_n and_o obtain_v a_o whiteness_n and_o so_o keep_v continual_o stir_v it_o with_o a_o wooden_a or_o iron_n ladle_n for_o fear_v it_o shall_v return_v into_o its_o pristine_a form_n and_o hereby_o will_v be_v take_v away_o all_o its_o fatty_a greasiness_n that_o may_v be_v commix_v this_o be_v do_v pour_v so_o much_o water_n into_o the_o kettle_n as_o will_v cover_v the_o salt-peter_n and_o when_o it_o shall_v be_v dissolve_v and_o it_o have_v obtain_v the_o consistence_n of_o a_o thick_a liquor_n then_o with_o a_o wooden_a stick_n or_o ladle_n keep_v continual_o stir_v it_o without_o any_o intermission_n until_o all_o its_o humidity_n be_v evaporate_v and_o all_o be_v reduce_v into_o most_o dry_a white_a meal_n chap._n xii_o to_o make_v salt-peter_n with_o the_o flower_n of_o old_a wall_n of_o cave_n cellar_n vault_n etc._n etc._n gather_v together_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o this_o flower_n which_o you_o may_v find_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o old_a wall_n which_o be_v in_o moist_a place_n under_o the_o earth_n you_o may_v also_o make_v provision_n with_o a_o certain_a salt_n which_o stick_v to_o lyme_n or_o upon_o ruinate_a wall_n which_o peter_n one_o sardi_n a_o roman_a take_v notice_n of_o be_v always_o well_o practise_v at_o brussels_n in_o brabant_n as_o he_o confess_v in_o his_o five_o book_n of_o artillery_n chap._n 49._o first_o see_v how_o much_o salt-peter_n matter_n you_o have_v then_o take_v one_o four_o part_n so_o much_o of_o quick_a lyme_n pour_v upon_o it_o warm_a water_n boil_v it_o well_o and_o clarify_v it_o according_a to_o custom_n than_o put_v your_o salt-peter_n matter_n into_o a_o tub_n with_o a_o tap_n in_o it_o and_o a_o little_a earthen_a dish_n before_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o tap_n within_o pour_v into_o this_o tub_n the_o lie_n and_o stir_v it_o well_o with_o a_o stick_n until_o all_o the_o salt_n peter_n be_v dissolve_v in_o the_o water_n then_o let_v it_o distil_v leisurely_o into_o a_o vessel_n that_o stand_v under_o the_o tap_n and_o at_o last_o be_v all_o dissolve_a and_o run_v out_o put_v this_o water_n into_o a_o kettle_n and_o boil_v it_o over_o the_o fire_n until_o so_o much_o be_v consume_v that_o the_o remainder_n be_v drop_v upon_o a_o tyle-stone_n or_o board_n do_v congeal_v and_o be_v of_o hardness_n but_o not_o too_o hard_a for_o if_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a the_o water_n be_v burn_v but_o if_o too_o soft_a not_o enough_o when_o it_o be_v well_o boil_a and_o scummed_a take_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n and_o proceed_v with_o it_o as_o in_o the_o ten_o and_o eleven_o chapter_n chap._n xiii_o how_o to_o examine_v the_o goodness_n of_o salt-peter_n put_v upon_o a_o wooden_a table_n or_o any_o clean_a and_o smooth_a board_n a_o little_a salt-peter_n then_o give_v fire_n to_o it_o with_o a_o live_a coal_n and_o observe_v these_o rule_n follow_v viz._n if_o it_o make_v the_o same_o noise_n in_o burn_v as_o the_o common_a salt_n do_v when_o it_o be_v throw_v upon_o live_a coal_n it_o be_v a_o sign_n it_o hold_v yet_o much_o common_a salt_n if_o it_o hold_v a_o thick_a and_o fat_a scum_n it_o be_v a_o sign_n it_o be_v fatty_a and_o viscous_a if_o after_o the_o salt_n be_v consume_v there_o rest_v yet_o crass_a and_o filthy_a matter_n upon_o the_o board_n it_o be_v a_o infallible_a sign_n that_o the_o salt_n contain_v yet_o a_o quantity_n of_o earthy_a matter_n and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o if_o you_o see_v much_o dregs_o after_o the_o combustion_n of_o the_o salt-peter_n be_v pass_v and_o therefore_o the_o less_o powerful_a and_o active_a but_o by_o contrary_n if_o it_o render_v a_o clear_a long_a flame_n divide_v into_o many_o stream_n and_o that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o board_n remain_v neat_a without_o any_o filth_n or_o that_o it_o be_v consume_v so_o that_o nothing_o be_v leave_v but_o a_o white_a clean_a ash_n without_o make_v much_o noise_n or_o great_a tremble_a you_o may_v then_o conclude_v that_o the_o salt-peter_n be_v good_a and_o
well_o cleanse_v and_o in_o its_o perfect_a preparation_n chap._n fourteen_o the_o true_a way_n to_o purify_v salt-peter_n and_o separate_v it_o from_o all_o offend_a and_o superfluous_a matter_n as_o common_a salt_n vitriol_n alum_n and_o all_o fatty_a and_o viscous_a humour_n take_v two_o pound_n of_o quick-lyme_n two_o pound_n of_o common_a salt_n one_o pound_n of_o verdigrease_n one_o pound_n of_o roman_a vitriol_n one_o pound_n of_o sal-armoniack_a beat_v they_o all_o together_o after_o put_v they_o into_o a_o iron_n vessel_n and_o pour_v upon_o they_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o vinegar_n or_o in_o default_n of_o they_o good_a clear_a water_n and_o make_v a_o lixivium_n which_o you_o shall_v let_v rarify_v and_o clarify_v of_o itself_o stand_v the_o space_n of_o three_o day_n after_o put_v your_o salt-peter_n in_o a_o kettle_n and_o pour_v upon_o the_o same_o as_o much_o of_o this_o lixivium_n as_o will_v well_o cover_v the_o salt-peter_n put_v it_o upon_o a_o fire_n sufficient_o moderate_a at_o first_o increase_v it_o until_o it_o boil_v to_o the_o consumption_n of_o half_a take_v it_o then_o away_o from_o the_o fire_n and_o pour_v it_o by_o gentle_a inclination_n into_o a_o wooden_a vessel_n and_o throw_v away_o all_o the_o dregs_o and_o salt_n which_o remain_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o kettle_n that_o do_v let_v the_o salt-peter_n water_n cool_a and_o continue_v your_o preparation_n as_o we_o have_v give_v before_o where_o we_o treat_v of_o refine_n salt-peter_n chap._n xv._o how_o to_o clarify_v common_a sulphur_n and_o to_o know_v its_o goodness_n we_o experience_v often_o and_o without_o contradiction_n that_o not_o only_a salt-peter_n be_v fill_v with_o terrestrial_a quality_n but_o brimstone_n also_o which_o be_v not_o only_o of_o a_o fatty_a &_o certain_a oleganious_a humour_n but_o likewise_o a_o noisome_a quality_n which_o be_v in_o the_o compound_n common_a to_o one_o and_o the_o other_o of_o its_o matter_n from_o hence_o if_o we_o desire_v to_o be_v curious_a in_o our_o work_n we_o judge_v it_o may_v be_v necessary_a to_o purify_v sulphur_n and_o to_o procure_v to_o it_o by_o power_n of_o clarification_n a_o nature_n most_o sublime_a subtle_a fiery_a and_o volatile_a the_o order_n and_o method_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v use_v in_o this_o be_v thus_o in_o vessel_n of_o iron_n or_o copper_n melt_v your_o sulphur_n with_o a_o very_a gentle_a fire_n over_o coal_n well_o light_v and_o not_o flame_v and_o when_o it_o be_v melt_v with_o a_o ladle_n skim_v neat_o off_o all_o that_o rise_v on_o the_o top_n and_o swim_v upon_o the_o sulphur_n than_o not_o long_o after_o let_v it_o be_v take_v from_o the_o fire_n and_o strain_v through_o a_o double_a linen_n cloth_n into_o another_o vessel_n pour_v it_o through_o at_o leisure_n thus_o all_o the_o oily_a matter_n and_o crassy_a substance_n remain_v in_o the_o cloth_n but_o under_o in_o the_o vessel_n will_v be_v a_o pure_a sulphur_n such_o as_o we_o have_v before_o speak_v of_o to_o know_v the_o goodness_n of_o sulphur_n you_o must_v do_v thus_o press_v it_o between_o two_o iron_n plate_n that_o be_v hot_a and_o if_o in_o the_o run_v it_o appear_v yellow_a without_o any_o bad_a odour_n and_o that_o which_o remain_v be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n one_o may_v believe_v it_o be_v natural_a and_o excellent_a so_o likewise_o it_o be_v a_o good_a sign_n if_o when_o it_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n it_o do_v free_o burn_v all_o away_o leave_v little_a or_o no_o resident_a matter_n for_o if_o sulphur_n be_v pure_a and_o good_a we_o do_v find_v that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o sympathy_n between_o it_o and_o fire_n that_o the_o fire_n be_v desirous_a of_o the_o sulphur_n for_o its_o nutriment_n and_o that_o reciprocal_o the_o sulphur_n be_v please_v likewise_o to_o be_v thus_o devour_v and_o consume_v by_o the_o element_n of_o fire_n so_o that_o if_o some_o fragment_n of_o it_o be_v put_v about_o some_o piece_n of_o wood_n if_o this_o shall_v feel_v the_o fire_n at_o some_o distance_n it_o seem_v as_o if_o it_o do_v attract_v it_o to_o itself_o and_o do_v sometime_o unaware_o at_o a_o distance_n catch_v or_o take_v fire_n if_o great_a care_n be_v not_o take_v there_o be_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o sulphur_n which_o will_v not_o burn_v so_o free_o as_o other_o sulphur_n nor_o send_v forth_o any_o ill_a scent_n but_o be_v put_v upon_o the_o fire_n melt_v not_o otherwise_o than_o common_a wax_n and_o this_o sulphur_n be_v find_v abundant_o near_o mount_n aetna_n as_o carniola_n of_o libavius_n report_n in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o the_o apocap_n hermel_n but_o this_o sulphur_n be_v common_o red_a as_o also_o be_v that_o which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o heil_n des_fw-fr heim_n as_o agricola_n mention_n in_o his_o first_o book_n chap._n 22._o and_o upon_o the_o testimony_n of_o john_n johnson_n adm._n nat._n clas_n 4._o chap._n 13._o sulphur_n be_v find_v likewise_o of_o divers_a other_o colour_n as_o pale_a yellow_a green_a as_o be_v many_o time_n to_o be_v see_v and_o find_v stick_v about_o stone_n and_o rock_n so_o that_o a_o man_n may_v without_o any_o great_a difficulty_n take_v it_o from_o thence_o and_o make_v it_o into_o a_o mass_n that_o which_o be_v clear_a perfect_o yellow_a not_o very_o hard_a nor_o too_o much_o shine_v be_v the_o very_o best_a yet_o there_o be_v another_o sulphur_n which_o look_v greenish_a and_o have_v never_o pass_v the_o fire_n and_o this_o be_v call_v sulphur_n vivum_fw-la and_o by_o some_o virgin_n sulphur_n by_o reason_n woman_n and_o maid_n have_v a_o custom_n to_o compose_v with_o it_o a_o certain_a fucus_fw-la or_o paint_n with_o which_o they_o use_v to_o adorn_v their_o face_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o three_o principal_a in_o composition_n of_o gunpowder_n viz._n coal_n and_o its_o preparation_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n or_o june_n when_o all_o sort_n of_o tree_n be_v easy_a to_o peel_n by_o reason_n in_o that_o time_n there_o come_v out_o a_o sap_n and_o they_o be_v full_a of_o humour_n than_o at_o any_o other_o time_n of_o the_o year_n cut_v then_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o hazle_n or_o ash_n the_o length_n of_o two_o or_o three_o foot_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o half_a your_o fist_n take_v away_o from_o they_o with_o a_o bill_n all_o that_o be_v superfluous_a then_o take_v away_o the_o rind_n likewise_o and_o of_o these_o make_v little_a bundle_n and_o make_v they_o very_o dry_a in_o a_o warm_a oven_n then_o in_o a_o place_n choose_v for_o that_o purpose_n that_o be_v plain_a and_o even_o set_v they_o upright_o one_o by_o another_o and_o set_v they_o on_o fire_n and_o after_o you_o see_v the_o fire_n well_o light_v and_o that_o the_o fire_n have_v reduce_v they_o all_o into_o burn_a coal_n cover_v they_o close_o and_o diligent_o with_o water_a earth_n so_o that_o it_o may_v have_v no_o respiration_n or_o that_o no_o air_n may_v pass_v in_o then_o the_o flame_n be_v thus_o stifle_v upon_o the_o coal_n they_o will_v remain_v pure_a and_o whole_a without_o be_v charge_v with_o much_o ash_n then_o 24_o hour_n after_o you_o may_v take_v they_o away_o and_o keep_v they_o for_o to_o serve_v you_o in_o your_o business_n and_o put_v they_o to_o such_o use_n as_o we_o shall_v write_v of_o hereafter_o but_o if_o you_o have_v occasion_n for_o a_o small_a quantity_n only_o take_v then_o of_o the_o arm_n and_o limb_n of_o such_o tree_n aforesaid_a that_o be_v of_o teil_n wood_n of_o juniper_n of_o ash_n etc._n etc._n cut_v they_o in_o small_a piece_n and_o dry_v they_o well_o then_o shut_v they_o in_o a_o earthen_a vessel_n and_o lute_n the_o cover_n on_o the_o top_n with_o clay_n then_o place_n coal_n round_o about_o the_o pot_n and_o let_v it_o be_v all_o cover_v with_o coal_n leave_v they_o so_o the_o space_n of_o a_o good_a hour_n continue_v the_o fire_n all_o this_o while_n in_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o heat_n at_o last_o let_v it_o cool_v of_o itself_o and_o when_o it_o be_v cold_a open_v the_o pot_n and_o take_v out_o the_o coal_n for_o your_o use_n chap._n xvii_o the_o way_n of_o compound_v or_o make_v gunpowder_n the_o way_n of_o compound_v of_o gunpowder_n have_v be_v so_o common_o know_v that_o not_o only_o such_o as_o be_v conversant_a in_o firework_n do_v understand_v the_o same_o but_o other_o also_o so_o that_o it_o be_v make_v a_o particular_a trade_n nay_o that_o which_o be_v more_o strange_a the_o country_n people_n in_o polonia_n have_v learned_a to_o prepare_v it_o with_o their_o own_o hand_n without_o the_o use_n of_o any_o artificial_a engine_n or_o chemical_a vessel_n for_o i_o have_v see_v many_o of_o the_o people_n of_o podolie_n and_o the_o vkrain_n which_o we_o call_v now_o the_o cossaques_n who_o prepare_v their_o powder_n quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o common_a way_n or_o that_o
or_o of_o a_o certain_a saline_n humour_n no_o otherwise_o than_o other_o salt_n be_v produce_v of_o their_o own_o proper_a brines_n do_v at_o last_o or_o in_o a_o long_a time_n separate_v itself_o from_o the_o coal_n and_o sulphur_n and_o so_o return_v to_o a_o brine_n water_n again_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o original_n and_o so_o abandon_v the_o other_o two_o matter_n that_o adhere_v to_o it_o the_o sulphur_n and_o coal_n lose_v nothing_o of_o their_o weight_n see_v that_o no_o humidity_n that_o be_v attract_v can_v be_v able_a to_o dissolve_v they_o but_o rather_o by_o the_o contrary_a the_o coal_n do_v attract_v greedy_o and_o become_v more_o ponderous_a if_o for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a you_o desire_v to_o repair_v and_o restore_v the_o strength_n of_o gunpowder_n that_o begin_v to_o alter_v or_o that_o have_v quite_o lose_v its_o force_n its_o defect_n may_v be_v amend_v three_o several_a way_n etc._n etc._n viz._n the_o first_o be_v thus_o make_v a_o lie_n of_o two_o part_n of_o aqua_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la and_o one_o part_n of_o clarify_a salt-peter_n make_v into_o fine_a powder_n of_o good_a vinegar_n make_v of_o good_a wine_n half_o a_o part_n of_o oil_n of_o sulphur_n one_o eight_o part_n and_o as_o much_o camphire_n dissolve_v in_o brandy_n these_o put_v together_o do_v make_v a_o lixivium_n which_o must_v be_v strain_v through_o a_o large_a strainer_n and_o then_o with_o it_o you_o may_v amend_v your_o powder_n that_o be_v decay_v by_o moisten_v it_o with_o the_o same_o very_o often_o and_o dry_v it_o by_o the_o sun_n in_o wooden_a vessel_n and_o then_o put_v it_o up_o in_o a_o dry_a place_n free_a from_o any_o humidity_n or_o air_n and_o then_o it_o will_v not_o in_o a_o long_a time_n again_o be_v damnify_v the_o second_o way_n to_o repair_v powder_n be_v thus_o examine_v how_o much_o your_o powder_n weigh_v when_o it_o be_v first_o put_v into_o the_o cask_n or_o barrel_n then_o see_v how_o much_o it_o do_v now_o weigh_v after_o it_o be_v damnify_v it_o be_v first_o dry_v if_o it_o chance_v to_o be_v wet_a then_o see_v the_o difference_n between_o these_o two_o weight_n and_o add_v so_o much_o salt-peter_n to_o your_o decay_a powder_n mix_v it_o well_o and_o make_v it_o up_o into_o corn_n again_o and_o preserve_v it_o as_o before_o the_o three_o way_n to_o restore_v the_o strength_n of_o gunpowder_n be_v such_o as_o be_v most_o plain_a and_o common_o use_v among_o the_o powder-man_n they_o put_v upon_o a_o sale-cloath_n or_o smooth_a place_n or_o board_n a_o portion_n of_o damnify_v powder_n to_o which_o they_o add_v a_o equal_a weight_n of_o that_o which_o be_v new_o make_v and_o then_o with_o their_o hand_n or_o wooden_a shovel_n they_o mingle_v it_o well_o together_o then_o they_o dry_v it_o in_o the_o sun_n and_o put_v it_o up_o into_o a_o barrel_n again_o and_o keep_v it_o in_o a_o dry_a and_o proper_a place_n yet_o there_o be_v another_o way_n may_v be_v allow_v but_o this_o be_v almost_o the_o same_o with_o make_v new_a powder_n and_o it_o be_v thus_o take_v what_o quantity_n of_o decay_a powder_n you_o please_v put_v it_o into_o earthen_a or_o wooden_a vessel_n pour_v upon_o the_o same_o three_o time_n so_o much_o hot_a water_n stir_v it_o well_o about_o and_o when_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v cold_a or_o have_v stand_v one_o hour_n or_o two_o strain_v the_o water_n away_o and_o to_o the_o fece_n put_v more_o water_n stir_v it_o well_o about_o then_o let_v it_o stand_v and_o settle_v as_o before_o and_o strain_v it_o from_o the_o fece_n this_o do_v a_o three_o time_n and_o you_o will_v have_v draw_v out_o all_o the_o salt-peter_n put_v these_o water_n in_o a_o clean_a kettle_n and_o boil_v it_o away_o until_o so_o much_o be_v consume_v as_o that_o a_o drop_v drop_v upon_o a_o stone_n or_o iron_n do_v congeal_v then_o pour_v it_o into_o some_o wooden_a vessel_n that_o it_o may_v congeal_v into_o salt-peter_n and_o that_o water_n as_o remain_v you_o must_v boil_v up_o again_o as_o before_o and_o if_o need_v be_v you_o must_v in_o the_o boil_a scum_n what_o rise_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n have_v by_o this_o art_n obtain_v the_o salt-peter_n out_o of_o the_o decay_a gunpowder_n you_o may_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n give_v in_o the_o composition_n of_o powder_n mix_v it_o with_o its_o remain_a sulphur_n and_o coal_n or_o fresh_a sulphur_n and_o coal_n which_o be_v better_o and_o after_o it_o be_v well_o mix_v corn_n it_o according_a to_o the_o give_v rule_n then_o let_v it_o be_v well_o dry_v and_o put_v up_o into_o dry_a powder_n barrel_n and_o let_v it_o be_v conserve_v in_o a_o dry_a place_n from_o air_n or_o any_o moisture_n some_o do_v mend_v their_o powder_n in_o this_o nature_n they_o moisten_v it_o with_o vinegar_n or_o fair_a water_n beat_v it_o fine_a and_o sift_v it_o and_o dry_v it_o and_o to_o every_o pound_n of_o powder_n they_o put_v one_o ounce_n of_o meal_v salt-peter_n then_o moisten_v and_o mix_v they_o well_o so_o that_o neither_o may_v be_v discern_v one_o from_o the_o other_o but_o that_o they_o be_v perfect_o incorporate_v which_o you_o may_v know_v by_o cut_v the_o mass_n with_o a_o knife_n or_o break_v it_o when_o it_o be_v well_o compound_v let_v it_o be_v corn_v in_o manner_n as_o we_o have_v before_o prescribe_v if_o your_o composition_n of_o powder_n be_v make_v up_o with_o aqua_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la and_o so_o make_v up_o into_o great_a ball_n and_o well_o dry_v in_o a_o stove_n or_o in_o the_o sun_n and_o put_v into_o glaze_v earthen_a pot_n and_o close_o cover_v you_o may_v keep_v it_o as_o long_o as_o you_o please_v for_o age_n will_v not_o decay_v it_o there_o ought_v always_o a_o care_n to_o be_v take_v by_o gunner_n or_o fire-master_n or_o such_o as_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o gunpowder_n to_o choose_v if_o they_o can_v such_o place_n as_o be_v dry_a and_o stand_v upon_o the_o best_a ground_n free_a from_o dampness_n of_o the_o air_n or_o any_o water_n possible_o come_v near_o every_o gunner_n etc._n etc._n aught_o to_o take_v care_n that_o his_o barrel_n be_v turn_v upside_o down_o or_o any_o carthredge_n ready_a fill_v for_o if_o the_o powder_n attract_v air_n the_o peter_z with_o the_o moisture_n it_o have_v attract_v will_v in_o time_n separate_v from_o the_o other_o matter_n and_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n so_o that_o the_o powder_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n will_v loose_v its_o strength_n which_o be_v prevent_v by_o turn_v and_o shake_v they_o every_o fourteen_o day_n and_o air_v they_o at_o the_o sun_n at_o convenient_a time_n and_o as_o it_o be_v necessary_a a_o gunner_n shall_v have_v carthredge_n fill_v for_o present_a service_n those_o aught_o also_o to_o be_v turn_v out_o and_o fill_v again_o every_o fourteen_o day_n more_o or_o less_o as_o the_o gunner_n in_o his_o judgement_n shall_v allow_v of_o chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o property_n and_o particular_a office_n of_o every_o material_a in_o the_o composition_n of_o gunpowder_n we_o ought_v infallible_o to_o believe_v that_o gunpowder_n be_v not_o find_v out_o casual_o or_o by_o fortune_n but_o invent_v by_o a_o true_a knowledge_n and_o by_o reasonable_a speculation_n in_o natural_a philosophy_n consider_v that_o to_o this_o day_n no_o man_n have_v oppose_v notwithstanding_o many_o person_n have_v make_v it_o their_o endeavour_n or_o can_v find_v any_o other_o material_n like_v unto_o these_o or_o of_o such_o a_o nature_n which_o be_v well_o unite_v and_o incorporate_v together_o they_o be_v able_a to_o produce_v a_o fire_n so_o vigorous_a fearful_a powerful_a and_o above_o all_o so_o inextinguishable_a that_o the_o whole_a universal_a matter_n be_v consume_v in_o a_o moment_n which_o be_v the_o more_o to_o be_v believe_v since_o we_o make_v not_o much_o difficulty_n particular_o in_o this_o our_o age_n wherein_o we_o live_v to_o add_v many_o thing_n to_o the_o invention_n of_o other_o and_o that_o as_o the_o physician_n say_v all_o that_o have_v a_o beginning_n do_v pass_v from_o imperfection_n to_o perfection_n we_o desire_v therefore_o it_o may_v be_v permit_v since_o the_o inventor_n have_v leave_v we_o nothing_o in_o write_v to_o propose_v here_o some_o observation_n of_o speculative_a truth_n draw_v from_o experiment_n which_o have_v be_v make_v about_o the_o strength_n nature_n effect_n and_o office_n of_o all_o the_o matter_n comprehend_v in_o the_o composition_n of_o gunpowder_n as_o well_o of_o the_o particular_n as_o all_o make_v up_o into_o one_o body_n for_o i_o believe_v that_o have_v insinuate_v into_o a_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o the_o property_n and_o the_o affection_n as_o well_o specificate_v as_o general_n of_o all_o its_o ingredient_n no_o body_n more_o will_v fall_v into_o those_o error_n which_o be_v too_o often_o commit_v in_o the_o
light_a blow_n it_o out_o and_o there_o remain_v none_o but_o a_o burn_a coal_n chap._n viii_o of_o certain_a antidote_n excellent_a and_o approve_a against_o the_o burn_a of_o gunpowder_n sulphur_n hot_a iron_n melt_v lead_v and_o other_o like_a accident_n draw_v from_o the_o particular_a experiment_n of_o cozimu_n nowicz_n section_n i._o boil_v hog_n grease_v in_o common_a water_n over_o a_o most_o gentle_a fire_n the_o space_n of_o some_o time_n then_o take_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n and_o let_v it_o cool_v and_o after_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o fair_a and_o clear_a weather_n three_o or_o four_o night_n after_o have_v put_v it_o into_o a_o earthen_a pot_n melt_v it_o again_o upon_o a_o small_a fire_n and_o be_v melt_v strain_v it_o through_o a_o cloth_n into_o cold_a water_n after_o wash_v it_o many_o time_n with_o good_a clean_a and_o fresh_a water_n until_o it_o come_v as_o white_a as_o snow_n this_o do_v put_v it_o into_o a_o glaze_v pot_n to_o serve_v you_o at_o your_o occasion_n the_o use_n be_v thus_o you_o must_v anoint_v the_o burn_a part_n as_o soon_o as_o you_o can_v and_o you_o will_v see_v a_o quick_a and_o admirable_a effect_n sect_n ii_o take_v plaintain_v water_n oil_n of_o nut_n of_o italy_n of_o each_o as_o much_o as_o you_o please_v sect_n iii_o take_v mallow_n water_n rose_n water_n plume_v alum_n of_o each_o as_o much_o as_o be_v necessary_a and_o mix_v they_o well_o together_o with_o the_o white_a of_o a_o egg._n sect_n iv_o take_v a_o lixivium_n make_v of_o calx_fw-la vive_fw-la and_o common_a water_n add_v to_o it_o a_o little_a oil_n of_o hempseed_n oil_n olive_n and_o some_o white_n of_o egg_n mingle_v all_o well_o together_o and_o anoint_v the_o burn_a place_n with_o this_o composition_n all_o these_o ointment_n cure_v burn_n without_o cause_v any_o pain_n these_o i_o have_v often_o experiment_v upon_o myself_o some_o receipt_n from_o divers_a author_n take_v oil_n of_o olive_n oil_n of_o sweet_a almond_n liquid_a varnish_n each_o one_o part_n juice_n of_o onion_n two_o part_n with_o these_o chase_n the_o part_n affect_v if_o there_o be_v already_o blister_v raise_v and_o ulceration_n in_o the_o part_n this_o follow_a ointment_n be_v most_o excellent_a boil_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o the_o second_o rind_n of_o elder_a tree_n in_o oil_n of_o olive_n then_o pour_v it_o through_o a_o linen_n cloth_n add_v to_o it_o a_o little_a after_o two_o part_n of_o cerus_fw-la or_o burn_v lead_v of_o lytharge_n of_o gold_n of_o each_o one_o part_n put_v they_o into_o a_o leaden_a mortar_n and_o then_o stir_v they_o about_o and_o mix_v they_o so_o that_o they_o become_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o linament_n take_v melt_v lard_n pour_v it_o into_o two_o ounce_n of_o morrel_n water_n and_o one_o ounce_n of_o oil_n of_o saturn_n then_o mingle_v they_o well_o together_o this_o remedy_n be_v sovereign_a take_v the_o mucilage_n of_o the_o root_n of_o henbane_n and_o of_o the_o flower_n of_o poppy_n of_o each_o one_o ounce_n salt_n peter_n one_o ounce_n mingle_v they_o all_o with_o oil_n of_o camphire_n and_o make_v a_o linament_n according_a to_o art_n or_o take_v the_o juice_n of_o oynion_n roast_v in_o ember_n two_o ounce_n nut_n oil_n one_o ounce_n mingle_v they_o all_o well_o together_o or_o take_v of_o the_o leave_n of_o ivy_n two_o m._n or_o handful_n well_o beat_v up_o with_o plantain_n water_n oil_n olive_n one_o pound_n make_v all_o boil_v with_o four_o ounce_n of_o good_a white_a wine_n until_o the_o consumption_n of_o the_o whole_a wine_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o decoction_n add_v wax_n as_o much_o as_o be_v necessary_a to_o give_v he_o the_o form_n and_o consistency_n of_o a_o linament_n again_o take_v old_a lard_n let_v it_o be_v melt_v over_o the_o flame_n and_o pour_v into_o two_o ounce_n of_o the_o juice_n of_o beet_n and_o rue_n of_o the_o cream_n of_o milk_n one_o ounce_n mucilage_n of_o quince-seed_n and_o gum_n tracanth_n of_o each_o a_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a mix_v they_o well_o together_o and_o make_v thereof_o a_o linament_n this_o remedy_n be_v none_o of_o the_o worst_a we_o take_v it_o from_o joseph_n quercetanus_n in_o libro_fw-la sclopetrio_n chap._n ix_o of_o hand_n granade_n the_o hand_n granade_n respect_v their_o form_n be_v globical_o or_o perfect_o round_a and_o hollow_a in_o their_o interior_a part_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o sphere_n they_o be_v call_v hand_n granade_n or_o handy_n granade_n because_o they_o may_v be_v grasp_v in_o the_o hand_n and_o throw_v to_o the_o enemy_n and_o if_o we_o shall_v dwell_v upon_o the_o denomination_n of_o the_o latin_a we_o may_v call_v they_o as_o they_o do_v granade_n palmare_n they_o be_v common_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o bullet_n of_o iron_n of_o 5_o 6_o and_z 8_o l._n they_o weigh_v sometime_o 1_o l._n and_o sometime_o one_o pound_n and_o a_o half_a some_o be_v of_o two_o pound_n and_o other_o of_o three_o pound_n there_o be_v give_v to_o these_o sort_n of_o globe_n the_o name_n of_o granade_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a resemblance_n they_o have_v with_o the_o fruit_n punic_a which_o we_o call_v pom-granad_a for_o as_o these_o do_v shut_v up_o in_o their_o rind_n a_o great_a quantity_n of_o grain_n so_o our_o military_a globe_n be_v fill_v with_o a_o number_n of_o grain_n of_o powder_n almost_o innumerable_a the_o which_o have_v receive_v the_o fire_n do_v break_v into_o a_o thousand_o and_o a_o thousand_o shiver_n leap_v against_o the_o enemy_n and_o pierce_v if_o it_o can_v all_o such_o thing_n as_o it_o meet_v oppose_v its_o violence_n they_o be_v general_o make_v of_o iron_n or_o copper_n carry_v in_o its_o diameter_n about_o three_o ounce_n be_v about_o the_o length_n of_o a_o barley_n corn_n in_o thickness_n of_o metal_n they_o be_v fill_v common_o with_o gunpowder_n and_o sometime_o of_o other_o composition_n there_o be_v add_v to_o its_o orifice_n a_o small_a pipe_n common_o call_v a_o fuse_n which_o be_v fill_v with_o a_o matter_n or_o composition_n that_o be_v slack_a or_o slow_a in_o burn_v but_o nevertheless_o very_o susceptible_a of_o the_o fire_n and_o capable_a to_o hold_v fire_n some_o time_n for_o fear_v that_o it_o shall_v break_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o that_o manage_n it_o and_o intend_v to_o throw_v it_o there_o be_v among_o fire-master_n account_v three_o sort_n of_o hand_n granade_n the_o first_o and_o most_o common_a be_v make_v of_o iron_n other_o be_v make_v of_o brass_n allay_v with_o other_o metal_n in_o the_o melt_a the_o three_o sort_n be_v of_o glass_n if_o you_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v make_v of_o iron_n take_v such_o as_o be_v most_o fragile_a and_o as_o little_o wrought_v as_o possible_a you_o can_v get_v if_o you_o will_v cast_v they_o of_o copper_n you_o must_v allay_v six_o pound_n of_o copper_n with_o two_o pound_n of_o tyn_n and_o half_a a_o pound_n of_o marcasite_n or_o you_o may_v put_v one_o part_n of_o tyn_n with_o three_o part_n of_o latin_a or_o of_o auricalque_fw-fr those_o that_o be_v make_v of_o iron_n be_v in_o thickness_n about_o the_o nine_o part_n of_o the_o diameter_n those_o that_o be_v make_v of_o brass_n must_v have_v one_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o diameter_n in_o thickness_n of_o metal_n last_o such_o which_o you_o cause_v to_o be_v make_v of_o glass_n must_v have_v one_o seven_o part_n of_o their_o diameter_n in_o their_o thickness_n the_o largeness_n of_o the_o orifice_n in_o which_o you_o must_v put_v in_o your_o fuse_n make_v of_o wood_n who_o upper_a part_n must_v be_v about_o 2_o 9_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o granado_n and_o the_o small_a hole_n in_o the_o fuse_n shall_v have_v the_o largeness_n of_o 1_o 18_o of_o the_o same_o diameter_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o shell_n must_v be_v fill_v with_o well_o grain_v powder_n the_o length_n of_o the_o fuse_n must_v be_v about_o â…”_n of_o the_o diameter_n and_o the_o top_n must_v be_v broad_a and_o a_o little_a round_v like_o a_o hemisphere_n the_o hollow_a and_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o fuse_n must_v be_v about_o 1_o 9_o diameter_n at_o the_o small_a or_o inner_a end_n and_o â…”_n at_o the_o outer_a end_n man_n do_v general_o fill_v the_o void_a place_n with_o powder_n ground_n most_o subtle_o which_o must_v be_v moisten_v with_o gum-water_n or_o dissolve_v glue_n that_o it_o may_v join_v the_o better_a as_o for_o the_o fuse_v they_o must_v be_v fill_v or_o charge_v with_o one_o of_o the_o composition_n hereunder_o write_v afterward_o you_o must_v fasten_v it_o well_o and_o close_o with_o tow_n or_o okham_n and_o the_o pyrotechnian_a lute_n which_o the_o german_n call_v kit_n which_o be_v make_v of_o four_o part_n of_o ship_n pitch_n two_o part_n of_o colophonia_fw-la one_o part_n of_o terrebinthe_n and_o one_o part_n of_o
prepare_v salt-peter_n from_o a_o nitrous_a earth_n the_o earth_n and_o matter_n of_o salt-peter_n be_v find_v common_o in_o great_a abundance_n in_o obscure_a shadow_a place_n where_o no_o rain_n nor_o any_o fresh_a water_n do_v penetrate_v nor_o likewise_o where_o the_o sun_n by_o his_o ray_n can_v communicate_v his_o heat_n it_o be_v likewise_o draw_v from_o horse_n dung_n under_o stable_n and_o from_o cover_a place_n where_o great_a and_o small_a cattle_n be_v shut_v up_o likewise_o in_o such_o place_n as_o man_n use_v to_o piss_v in_o or_o jaquese_n or_o the_o like_a place_n or_o in_o place_n where_o have_v be_v make_v great_a fight_v or_o where_o have_v be_v lay_v up_o together_o many_o dead_a body_n and_o earth_n throw_v upon_o they_o for_o from_o thence_o in_o few_o year_n may_v much_o salt-peter_n be_v draw_v i_o shall_v declare_v three_o several_a way_n whereby_o to_o ground_v your_o judgement_n with_o more_o certainty_n concern_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o place_n from_o 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find_v a_o little_a after_o about_o this_o iron_n some_o citrine_n mark_n incline_v a_o little_a after_o to_o a_o whiteness_n you_o need_v not_o doubt_v that_o earth_n but_o further_o assure_v yourself_o it_o be_v very_o good_a to_o put_v to_o work_v the_o three_o way_n be_v throw_v a_o little_a of_o that_o earth_n upon_o burn_a coal_n and_o if_o you_o perceive_v it_o make_v any_o noise_n and_o that_o it_o spit_v in_o the_o fire_n or_o that_o clear_a and_o shine_a spark_n come_v from_o it_o you_o may_v from_o thence_o judge_v that_o that_o earth_n hold_v a_o forcible_a matter_n of_o that_o nature_n after_o you_o have_v find_v a_o proper_a earth_n to_o draw_v salt-peter_n from_o and_o that_o by_o some_o of_o these_o proof_n you_o have_v testimony_n of_o its_o goodness_n and_o worth_n let_v be_v take_v of_o it_o a_o great_a quantity_n or_o as_o much_o as_o you_o please_v let_v it_o be_v carry_v to_o a_o place_n appoint_v for_o this_o purpose_n then_o prepare_v to_o burn_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o wood_n either_o of_o oak_n ash_n elm_n maple_n or_o other_o sort_n of_o hard_a wood_n that_o you_o may_v have_v ash_n then_o take_v two_o part_n of_o these_o ash_n one_o part_n of_o quick_a lime_n mix_v they_o well_o and_o put_v this_o mixture_n by_o itself_o for_o such_o use_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o anon_o take_v then_o vessel_n of_o wood_n or_o pipe_n or_o hogshead_n cut_v in_o two_o part_n for_o they_o must_v be_v able_a to_o hold_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o water_n make_v a_o hole_n at_o the_o bottom_n about_o one_o or_o two_o finger_n breadth_n put_v into_o the_o hole_n a_o small_a wicker_n thing_n or_o you_o may_v whelm_v over_o it_o a_o earthen_a dish_n after_o put_v rush_n all_o over_o the_o bottom_n not_o except_v the_o hole_n or_o in_o its_o place_n clean_a straw_n this_o vessel_n be_v thus_o fit_v dispose_v of_o it_o in_o this_o manner_n set_v it_o so_o that_o under_o may_v stand_v a_o lesser_a vessel_n of_o wood_n to_o receive_v the_o liquor_n that_o shall_v distil_v down_o from_o the_o upper_a vessel_n after_o put_v into_o the_o upper_a vessel_n about_o the_o height_n of_o a_o hand_n of_o this_o salt-peter_n earth_n which_o have_v be_v before_o for_o some_o time_n dry_v in_o the_o air_n upon_o this_o earth_n put_v the_o height_n of_o three_o or_o four_o finger_n of_o the_o mixture_n make_v of_o ash_n and_o quick_a lime_n and_o then_o again_o of_o the_o salt-peter_n earth_n after_o of_o the_o ash_n about_o the_o same_o height_n as_o before_o and_o continue_v this_o fashion_n put_v earth_n upon_o ash_n and_o ash_n upon_o earth_n until_o the_o vessel_n be_v full_a within_o a_o hand_n breadth_n at_o the_o top_n to_o hold_v the_o water_n that_o be_v put_v in_o this_o do_v put_v upon_o it_o fresh_a water_n as_o much_o as_o shall_v be_v necessary_a viz._n so_o much_o as_o must_v surmount_v the_o earth_n two_o or_o three_o finger_n breadth_n and_o look_v that_o it_o pass_v through_o all_o the_o earth_n and_o run_v drop_n by_o drop_n through_o the_o hole_n at_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n into_o the_o tub_n stand_v under_o and_o you_o shall_v have_v a_o nitrous_a lixivium_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n as_o you_o pour_v into_o the_o vessel_n which_o if_o you_o judge_v be_v too_o little_a you_o must_v reiterate_v the_o infusion_n and_o the_o second_o time_n also_o the_o water_n pass_v through_o the_o earth_n will_v carry_v with_o it_o a_o substance_n and_o so_o the_o three_o time_n this_o do_v put_v all_o the_o lixivium_n into_o a_o kettle_n of_o a_o sufficient_a bigness_n and_o let_v it_o be_v boil_a upon_o the_o fire_n very_o easy_o and_o moderate_o at_o first_o after_o increase_v the_o fire_n to_o the_o consumption_n of_o the_o liquor_n or_o a_o little_a more_o keep_v continual_o skim_v it_o all_o the_o time_n it_o boil_v and_o when_o it_o be_v thus_o consume_v pour_v it_o into_o wooden_a vessel_n that_o be_v broad_a and_o cover_v they_o over_o with_o clothes_n and_o let_v they_o stand_v until_o the_o pure_a part_n christalize_v into_o white_a salt_n and_o the_o feculent_a or_o more_o terrestrial_a part_n settle_v to_o the_o bottom_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n continue_v pour_v in_o of_o the_o lixivium_n again_o into_o the_o kettle_n boil_v and_o skim_v it_o as_o before_o and_o this_o do_v until_o all_o your_o lixivium_n be_v boil_a up_o and_o pour_v into_o wooden_a vessel_n to_o christalize_v then_o from_o the_o wooden_a vessel_n incline_v they_o gentle_o pour_v all_o the_o lixivium_n leave_v the_o settle_n at_o bottom_n by_o itself_o into_o your_o copper_n as_o before_o and_o boil_v it_o up_o again_o with_o a_o good_a fire_n until_o half_o be_v consume_v or_o until_o it_o begin_v to_o thicken_v or_o until_o by_o put_v a_o little_a upon_o a_o stone_n or_o piece_n of_o board_n it_o do_v immediate_o congeal_v then_o take_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n and_o when_o it_o be_v a_o little_a cool_v pour_v it_o as_o before_o into_o wooden_a vessel_n or_o bowl_n and_o put_v into_o each_o about_o a_o hand_n in_o height_n then_o cover_v each_o vessel_n with_o course_n clothes_n put_v it_o into_o a_o cool_a place_n and_o two_o or_o three_o day_n after_o you_o will_v find_v your_o salt-peter_n congeal_v and_o thrust_v together_o in_o small_a crystal_n like_o transparent_a ice_n stick_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o likewise_o upon_o some_o stick_v for_o that_o purpose_n provide_v the_o rind_n be_v take_v off_o and_o place_v in_o the_o wooden_a vessel_n before_o the_o pour_v in_o of_o the_o liquor_n get_v diligent_o together_o the_o peter_n as_o well_o that_o which_o stick_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n as_o that_o to_o the_o stick_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o wood_n proper_a to_o receive_v it_o and_o cover_v it_o and_o keep_v it_o dry_a the_o remain_a water_n you_o must_v boil_v up_o as_o before_z not_o forget_v to_o separate_v it_o from_o its_o residence_n whilst_o it_o be_v boil_v it_o happen_v sometime_o that_o the_o liquor_n may_v rise_v and_o boil_v over_o the_o cauldron_n to_o prevent_v that_o danger_n have_v in_o readiness_n other_o lixivium_n make_v of_o three_o part_n of_o ash_n and_o one_o part_n of_o quick_a lyme_n as_o we_o speak_v before_o in_o which_o be_v dissolve_v roch_n alum_n allow_v to_o every_o hundred_o weight_n of_o lixivium_n four_o pound_n of_o alum_n and_o when_o it_o begin_v to_o rise_v pour_v in_o a_o little_a of_o this_o from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v you_o will_v see_v that_o the_o water_n that_o be_v hasten_v to_o come_v over_o will_v fall_v down_o and_o that_o the_o common_a salt_n and_o more_o terrestrial_a part_n will_v settle_v to_o the_o bottom_n the_o earth_n remain_v in_o the_o wooden_a tub_n from_o
which_o be_v use_v by_o fire-master_n for_o they_o put_v sulphur_n salt-peter_n charcoal_n all_o together_o in_o a_o earthen_a pot_n a_o certain_a proportion_n of_o each_o which_o proportion_n one_o to_o the_o other_o they_o have_v learn_v by_o experimental_a practice_n upon_o which_o they_o pour_v fair_a fresh_a water_n which_o they_o boil_v upon_o the_o fire_n until_o all_o the_o water_n be_v evaporate_v and_o the_o matter_n become_v thick_a then_o they_o take_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n and_o dry_v it_o in_o the_o sun_n or_o in_o some_o warm_a place_n as_o a_o stove_n or_o the_o like_a then_o they_o pass_v it_o through_o a_o hair_n sieve_n and_o reduce_v it_o into_o small_a grain_n there_o be_v other_o that_o take_v these_o material_n and_o grind_v they_o upon_o a_o smooth_a flat_a stone_n or_o a_o smooth_a earthen_a dish_n and_o then_o have_v moisten_v it_o by_o their_o skill_n they_o bring_v it_o into_o grain_n which_o powder_n bring_v to_o this_o degree_n of_o perfection_n they_o serve_v their_o occasion_n with_o as_o much_o utillity_n and_o profit_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o one_o of_o the_o most_o know_a or_o skilful_a powder-maker_n in_o the_o world_n it_o be_v in_o my_o judgement_n labour_v lose_v to_o speak_v more_o of_o these_o superficial_a way_n but_o come_v to_o the_o order_n and_o method_n which_o be_v necessary_a and_o usual_o observe_v in_o the_o prepare_n of_o gunpowder_n it_o shall_v likewise_o suffice_v i_o to_o propose_v in_o this_o chapter_n some_o composition_n most_o excellent_a and_o best_a approve_v which_o be_v these_o composition_n for_o cannon_n powder_n composition_n for_o musquet-powder_n composition_n for_o pistol-powder_n the_o first_o the_o first_o the_o first_o salt_n peter_n 100_o l._n salt-peter_n 100_o l._n salt-peter_n 100_o l._n sulphur_n 25_o sulphur_n 18_o sulphur_n 12_o coal_n 25_o coal_n 20_o coal_n 15_o the_o second_o the_o second_o the_o second_o salt-peter_n 100_o l._n salt-peter_n 100_o l._n salt-peter_n 100_o l._n sulphur_n 20_o sulphur_n 15_o sulphur_n 10_o coal_n 24_o coal_n 18_o coal_n 8_o you_o must_v first_o fine_o powder_v these_o composition_n or_o mixture_n for_o cannon_n or_o musket_n powder_n and_o after_o moisten_v they_o with_o fair_a fresh_a water_n or_o vinegar_n or_o with_o aquavitae_n but_o if_o you_o will_v have_v your_o pistol_n powder_v strong_a and_o more_o violent_a you_o ought_v to_o stir_v it_o up_o several_a time_n whilst_o it_o be_v in_o the_o mortar_n with_o this_o follow_a liquor_n that_o be_v a_o water_n distil_v from_o rind_n of_o orange_n citron_n or_o lemon_n by_o a_o alymbeck_n or_o any_o other_o chemical_a vessel_n then_o let_v all_o be_v beat_v and_o well_o bray_v 24._o hour_n and_o then_o in_o the_o end_n reduce_v it_o into_o very_o fine_a small_a grain_n a_o liquor_n for_o this_o purpose_n may_v likewise_o be_v make_v of_o twenty_o part_n of_o aquavitae_n and_o 12_o part_n of_o distil_a vinegar_n make_v of_o whitewine_n and_o four_o part_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt-peter_n and_o two_o part_n of_o water_n of_o salarmoniac_a and_o one_o part_n of_o camphire_n dissolve_v in_o brandywine_n or_o reduce_v into_o powder_n with_o powder_a sulphur_n or_o reduce_v with_o oil_n of_o sweet_a almond_n to_o corn_n powder_n well_o you_o must_v prepare_v a_o sieve_n with_o a_o bottom_n of_o thick_a parchment_n make_v full_a of_o round_a hole_n then_o moisten_v the_o powder_n that_o must_v be_v corn_v with_o its_o water_n and_o make_v it_o up_o in_o ball_n as_o big_a as_o egg_n which_o put_v into_o the_o sieve_n and_o with_o it_o put_v a_o wooden_a bowl_n and_o when_o you_o have_v so_o do_v sift_v the_o powder_n so_o as_o the_o bowl_n roll_v about_o the_o sieve_n may_v break_v the_o clod_n of_o powder_n and_o make_v it_o pass_v through_o those_o little_a hole_n into_o corn_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o fire-master_n and_o gunner_n that_o powder_n when_o it_o be_v corn_v be_v of_o much_o great_a force_n and_o power_n than_o in_o meal_n from_o hence_o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o powder_n when_o it_o be_v put_v into_o a_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v press_v or_o beat_v home_o too_o hard_o in_o the_o piece_n for_o thereby_o it_o will_v loose_v its_o form_n of_o grain_n and_o thereby_o lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o its_o strength_n that_o it_o have_v and_o be_v therefore_o not_o able_a to_o throw_v out_o the_o bullet_n with_o so_o great_a a_o violence_n as_o if_o the_o powder_n have_v be_v gentle_o thrust_v home_o to_o the_o britch_n end_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o several_a colour_n which_o be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o powder_n know_v first_o that_o all_o the_o blackness_n which_o you_o see_v in_o gunpowder_n come_v from_o the_o coal_n not_o that_o this_o colour_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o be_v conjoin_v to_o its_o nature_n or_o that_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o be_v give_v to_o it_o for_o its_o meliorate_n or_o make_v it_o more_o vigorous_a this_o be_v not_o so_o but_o by_o contraries_n you_o may_v be_v permit_v to_o give_v unto_o it_o any_o such_o colour_n as_o you_o shall_v think_v fit_a without_o prejudice_n or_o hindrance_n of_o the_o powder_n and_o virtue_n of_o it_o for_o if_o instead_o of_o coal_n you_o take_v rot_a dry_a wood_n or_o sawdust_n well_o dry_v or_o white_a paper_n moisten_v and_o dry_v in_o a_o stove_n and_o powder_a or_o indeed_o any_o other_o thing_n of_o a_o combustible_a nature_n or_o that_o be_v well_o dispose_v to_o take_v fire_n such_o as_o you_o read_v hereunder_o and_o to_o this_o you_o may_v add_v a_o colour_n according_a to_o your_o fancy_n and_o pleasure_n and_o you_o will_v infallible_o have_v a_o powder_n that_o will_v make_v the_o same_o effect_n as_o the_o black_a powder_n and_o for_o this_o purpose_n i_o shall_v lay_v down_o in_o this_o chapter_n certain_a miction_n with_o which_o i_o serve_v myself_o many_o time_n and_o therefore_o know_v to_o be_v experimental_a truth_n white_a powder_n take_v salt-peter_n six_o pound_n sulphur_n one_o pound_n of_o sawdust_n of_o the_o elder_a tree_n well_o dry_v and_o powder_v one_o pound_n these_o mix_v according_a to_o the_o direction_n in_o the_o former_a chapter_n there_o will_v be_v make_v a_o powder_n of_o a_o white_a colour_n or_o thus_o take_v salt-peter_n ten_o pound_n of_o sulphur_n one_o pound_n of_o the_o woody_a part_n when_o the_o hemp_n be_v take_v away_o one_o pound_n etc._n etc._n or_o thus_o salt-peter_n six_o pound_n sulphur_n one_o pound_n of_o tartar_n calcine_v until_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o whiteness_n and_o the_o salt_n extract_v for_o use_n one_o ounce_n red_a powder_n take_v of_o salt-peter_n twelve_o part_n of_o sulphur_n two_o part_n of_o amber_n one_o part_n of_o red_a sander_n two_o part_n etc._n etc._n or_o take_v salt-peter_n eight_o pound_n of_o sulphur_n one_o pound_n of_o dry_a powder_a paper_n boil_a up_o in_o a_o water_n wherein_o be_v cinaber_n or_o brazil_n wood_n and_o then_o again_o dry_v one_o pound_n yellow_a powder_n take_v salt-peter_n eight_o pound_n sulphur_n one_o pound_n wild_a or_o bastard_n saffron_n boil_a in_o aqua_n vitæ_fw-la after_o dry_a and_o powder_v two_o pound_n etc._n etc._n green_a powder_n salt-peter_n ten_o pound_n of_o sulphur_n one_o pound_n dry_a wood_n or_o sawdust_n boil_a in_o aqua_n vitæ_fw-la with_o some_o verditer_fw-la then_o dry_v and_o powder_v of_o this_o two_o pound_n blue_n powder_n salt-peter_n eight_o pound_n of_o sulphur_n one_o pound_n of_o the_o sawdust_n of_o the_o teil_n wood_n boil_a in_o brandy_n wine_n with_o indigo_n and_o after_o dry_a and_o powder_v one_o pound_n chap._n xix_o still_o powder_n or_o powder_n without_o noise_n there_o be_v several_a that_o do_v write_v many_o strange_a thing_n concern_v this_o still_a powder_n or_o powder_n without_o noise_n or_o as_o some_o do_v give_v it_o the_o name_n deaf_a powder_n whereof_o they_o have_v treat_v prolix_o the_o which_o i_o think_v not_o convenient_a to_o do_v by_o reason_n i_o be_o loath_a to_o tire_v the_o reader_n with_o any_o such_o discourse_n as_o tend_v not_o much_o to_o edification_n i_o shall_v therefore_o put_v down_o certain_a mixture_n which_o i_o have_v know_v to_o be_v more_o excellent_a and_o best_a approve_v first_o way_n take_v common_a powder_n two_o pound_n venus_n borax_n one_o pound_n these_o be_v well_o powder_v mingle_a and_o incorporate_v together_o must_v be_v make_v up_o into_o corn_n powder_n second_o way_n take_v common_a powder_n two_o pound_n venus_n borax_n one_o pound_n of_o lapis_n calaminaris_n half_a a_o pound_n of_o sal-armoniack_a half_n a_o pound_n powder_n and_o mix_v they_o well_o and_o make_v they_o up_o into_o grain_n three_o way_n take_v common_a powder_n six_o pound_n of_o live_a mole_n burn_v in_o a_o earthen_a pot_n of_o venus_n borax_n half_a a_o pound_n mix_v they_o as_o before_o etc
foot_n long_o 2_o 10_o 4_o 20_o 6_o 30_o 8_o 40_o 10_o 30_o 12_o 61_o 14_o 73_o 16_o 84_o 18_o 56_o 21_o 8_o 10_o foot_n and_o half_a 2_o 21_o 4_o 41_o 6_o 69_o 8_o 88_o 11_o 81_o 13_o 28_o 15_o 48_o 17_o 68_o 19_o 89_o 22_o 10_o 11_o foot_n long_o 2_o 31_o 4_o 62_o 6_o 93_o 9_o 24_o 11_o 56_o 13_o 88_o 16_o 22_o 18_o 51_o 20_o 82_o 23_o 14_o 11_o foot_n and_o half_a 2_o 42_o 4_o 48_o 7_o 26_o 9_o 68_o 12_o 10_o 14_o 53_o 16_o 95_o 19_o 37_o 21_o 80_o 24_o 21_o 12_o foot_n long_o 2_o 53_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 59_o 10_o 12_o 12_o 65_o 15_o 18_o 17_o 72_o 20_o 25_o 22_o 78_o 25_o 33_o 12_o foot_n and_o half_a 2_o 63_o 5_o 20_o 7_o 89_o 10_o 52_o 13_o 15_o 15_o 78_o 18_o 41_o 21_o 4_o 23_o 67_o 26_o 33_o 13_o foot_n long_o 2_o 74_o 5_o 48_o 8_o 82_o 10_o 96_o 13_o 70_o 16_o 44_o 19_o 48_o 21_o 92_o 24_o 68_o 27_o 40_o 13_o foot_n and_o half_a 2_o 84_o 5_o 68_o 8_o 52_o 11_o 36_o 14_o 20_o 27_o 4_o 19_o 88_o 22_o 72_o 25_o 56_o 28_o 42_o 14_o foot_n long_o 2_o 95_o 5_o 90_o 8_o 85_o 11_o 80_o 14_o 75_o 17_o 70_o 20_o 65_o 23_o 60_o 26_o 56_o 29_o 53_o the_o use_n of_o this_o table_n in_o graduate_v the_o rule_n be_v very_o plain_a for_o if_o your_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n be_v 8_o foot_n long_o and_o you_o will_v mount_v your_o piece_n two_o degree_n seek_v for_o 8_o foot_n under_o the_o title_n length_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o in_o the_o common_a angle_n against_o the_o length_n of_o the_o piece_n under_o two_o degree_n you_o will_v find_v 3_o 36_o to_o make_v a_o degree_n that_o be_v 3_o inch_n and_o 36_o part_n of_o a_o inch_n divide_v into_o 100_o part_n and_o to_o this_o you_o may_v set_v your_o bead._n the_o use_n of_o the_o graduated_a rule_n be_v thus_o have_v load_v your_o piece_n and_o bring_v your_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n in_o a_o right_a line_n with_o your_o mark_n the_o dispart_o be_v place_v upon_o the_o muzzle_n ring_n in_o like_a manner_n place_v your_o rule_n upon_o the_o base_a ring_n and_o let_v one_o stand_v by_o hold_v it_o for_o the_o foot_n of_o it_o let_v it_o be_v fit_v round_o to_o the_o gun_n so_o you_o may_v be_v sure_a to_o place_v it_o right_n and_o you_o may_v estimate_v on_o its_o perpendicular_a well_o enough_o now_o have_v before_o the_o distance_n to_o the_o mark_v you_o intend_v to_o shoot_v at_o and_o admit_v you_o have_v find_v it_o to_o be_v 461_o pace_n and_o the_o first_o shoot_v you_o make_v for_o practice_n out_o of_o that_o piece_n convey_v her_o shot_n at_o two_o degree_n of_o mounture_n 274_o pace_n then_o by_o our_o former_a rule_n and_o the_o table_n of_o random_n there_o i_o find_v 461_o against_o 6_o degree_n which_o be_v the_o degree_n i_o must_v mount_v my_o piece_n to_o reach_v 461_o pace_n then_o to_o find_v by_o this_o table_n how_o many_o inch_n and_o hundred_o part_n of_o a_o inch_n 6_o degree_n will_v require_v look_v in_o the_o table_n above_o and_o find_v on_o the_o left_a hand_n in_o the_o first_o column_n the_o length_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o just_a under_o the_o degree_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a you_o shall_v find_v the_o inch_n and_o part_n of_o mounture_n to_o which_o set_v your_o bead_n on_o your_o string_n that_o be_v in_o the_o sight_n to_o so_o many_o inch_n and_o part_n as_o the_o table_n give_v then_o mount_v the_o piece_n high_o or_o low_o until_o you_o bring_v the_o bead_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o dispart_n and_o mark_n all_o in_o one_o line_n stop_v then_o the_o piece_n in_o such_o a_o position_n with_o a_o coin_n then_o prime_a and_o give_v fire_n if_o you_o will_v shoot_v by_o the_o metal_n of_o the_o piece_n without_o a_o dispart_n then_o subtract_v the_o height_n of_o the_o dispart_n out_o of_o the_o inch_n find_v by_o the_o table_n and_o to_o the_o remainder_n mount_v your_o piece_n if_o you_o have_v no_o quadrant_n nor_o a_o ruler_n and_o will_v make_v a_o good_a shot_n look_v in_o the_o table_n and_o find_v the_o length_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o the_o inch_n that_o you_o ought_v to_o raise_v your_o piece_n unto_o then_o cut_v a_o piece_n of_o stick_n just_a of_o that_o length_n and_o set_v it_o upon_o the_o base_a ring_n and_o bring_v the_o top_n of_o that_o stick_n the_o top_n of_o the_o dispart_n and_o the_o mark_n all_o in_o a_o right_a line_n with_o your_o eye_n and_o you_o will_v make_v as_o good_a a_o shot_n as_o if_o you_o have_v a_o rule_n and_o bede_n or_o quadrant_n if_o you_o will_v have_v no_o dispart_n take_v your_o dispart_n and_o measure_v it_o upon_o the_o aforesaid_a stick_n at_o the_o base_a ring_n and_o from_o it_o cut_v off_o the_o length_n of_o the_o dispart_n and_o the_o remainder_n use_v upon_o the_o base_a ring_n but_o if_o the_o mounture_n shall_v be_v so_o small_a that_o the_o inch_n of_o the_o dispart_n shall_v be_v more_o than_o the_o inch_n answerable_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o mounture_n then_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o dispart_n so_o much_o as_o it_o be_v long_o than_o the_o other_o and_o place_n it_o upon_o the_o muzzle_n ring_n and_o bring_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o base_a ring_n the_o dispart_n and_o mark_v in_o a_o right_a line_n with_o your_o eye_n and_o you_o will_v this_o way_n make_v a_o level_n with_o a_o stick_n without_o instrument_n as_o well_o as_o if_o you_o have_v ruler_n or_o quadrant_n chap._n xxiii_o how_o to_o make_v a_o shot_n at_o the_o enemy_n light_n in_o a_o dark_a night_n and_o to_o make_v at_o a_o company_n of_o horseman_n or_o footman_n pass_v by_o and_o also_o to_o make_v a_o good_a shot_n at_o a_o ship_n sail_v and_o how_o a_o shoot_v lodge_v in_o a_o piece_n so_o that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v drive_v home_o to_o the_o powder_n may_v be_v shoot_v out_o without_o hurt_n to_o the_o piece_n to_o shoot_v by_o night_n at_o the_o enemy_n light_n dispart_v your_o piece_n with_o a_o light_a and_o flame_a wax_n candle_n or_o with_o a_o light_a piece_n of_o match_n that_o with_o your_o eye_n you_o may_v bring_v the_o base_a ring_n the_o fire_a match_n on_o the_o muzzle_n ring_n and_o the_o enemy_n light_n in_o a_o right_a line_n or_o mark_v then_o give_v fire_n and_o you_o will_v make_v a_o good_a shot_n if_o you_o make_v a_o shot_n at_o a_o company_n of_o horse_n pass_v by_o take_v a_o piece_n that_o will_v reach_v the_o way_n the_o horse_n or_o foot_n be_v come_v in_o a_o right_a line_n then_o let_v your_o gun_n be_v so_o load_v with_o powder_n as_o it_o may_v present_o take_v fire_n and_o let_v your_o shot_n be_v fit_a for_o your_o use_n then_o take_v notice_n of_o some_o hillock_n or_o some_o turn_n across_o way_n for_o the_o mark_n and_o when_o the_o enemy_n come_v near_o to_o that_o way_n in_o a_o right_a line_n with_o your_o gun_n give_v fire_n but_o for_o shoot_v at_o a_o ship_n upon_o the_o river_n you_o must_v put_v your_o piece_n to_o some_o eminent_a mark_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n and_o when_o the_o head_n of_o the_o ship_n shall_v begin_v to_o be_v between_o the_o piece_n and_o the_o mark_n then_o give_v fire_n but_o if_o by_o some_o mischievous_a accident_n a_o shot_n be_v lodge_v in_o the_o concavity_n of_o a_o piece_n and_o there_o stick_v and_o will_v not_o go_v home_o to_o the_o powder_n or_o come_v out_o then_o the_o gunner_n to_o save_v his_o piece_n from_o break_v must_v embase_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n or_o put_v it_o under_o the_o line_n of_o level_n then_o put_v in_o at_o the_o touchhole_n fair_a warm_a water_n at_o several_a time_n so_o that_o it_o may_v run_v out_o at_o muzzle_n or_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o when_o all_o the_o salt-peter_n be_v wash_v from_o the_o powder_n which_o be_v know_v by_o the_o taste_n of_o the_o water_n then_o let_v the_o gunner_n clear_v the_o touchhole_n and_o put_v in_o as_o much_o powder_n as_o possible_a he_o can_v and_o prime_a and_o give_v fire_n and_o it_o will_v serve_v to_o draw_v out_o the_o shot_n but_o when_o a_o shot_n have_v lie_v long_o in_o a_o piece_n until_o he_o be_v grow_v rusty_a and_o so_o stick_v fast_o put_v strong_a vinegar_n warm_a into_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o with_o the_o rammer_n strike_v the_o shot_n until_o it_o do_v move_v then_o put_v in_o vinegar_n until_o it_o run_v clear_a through_o the_o powder_n and_o shot_n prime_a as_o before_o and_o give_v fire_n with_o good_a powder_n and_o if_o it_o do_v not_o run_v through_o after_o it_o have_v stand_v three_o day_n clear_v the_o touchhole_n prime_a and_o give_v fire_n a_o man_n may_v also_o shoot_v
it_o be_v find_v in_o different_a form_n for_o some_o be_v find_v full_a of_o hole_n or_o cavern_n like_o a_o sponge_n other_o on_o the_o contrary_n be_v firm_a close_o solid_a shine_a and_o diaphanous_a as_o glass_n which_o be_v let_v fall_v easy_o will_v split_v in_o thin_a leaf_n and_o be_v fryable_a in_o beat_v and_o from_o its_o various_a appearance_n be_v judge_v its_o manifold_a virtue_n in_o one_o more_o powerful_a than_o another_o which_o be_v know_v by_o its_o operation_n from_o hence_o we_o see_v that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v from_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o best_a receive_a author_n about_o the_o mineral_n niter_n and_o in_o none_o be_v any_o mention_n make_v of_o artificial_a salt-peter_n or_o such_o as_o we_o at_o present_a make_v use_n of_o general_o which_o be_v call_v proper_o salt-peter_n sal_fw-la nitre_n or_o halinitre_n yet_o be_v there_o very_o little_a difference_n between_o the_o natural_a that_o use_v to_o be_v bring_v to_o we_o and_o the_o artificial_a for_o if_o we_o compare_v the_o virtue_n and_o operation_n of_o the_o one_o we_o shall_v find_v they_o in_o our_o use_n no_o way_n d_o ffer_v as_o scaliger_n testify_v say_v that_o the_o ancient_a niter_n be_v not_o much_o different_a from_o we_o particular_o if_o we_o consider_v its_o tenuity_n and_o subtle_a part_n there_o be_v of_o the_o ancient_a niter_n find_v upon_o the_o superficies_n of_o old_a wall_n expose_v to_o the_o humidity_n but_o particular_o in_o cellar_n and_o deep_a cave_n and_o in_o cover_a vault_n it_o resemble_v perfect_o a_o certain_a brine_n or_o white_a jelly_n or_o fine_a meal_n or_o in_o more_o proper_a speak_n fine_a sugar_n and_o be_v many_o time_n white_a as_o snow_n and_o this_o thus_o have_v the_o virtue_n be_v to_o be_v commend_v which_o i_o myself_o have_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o collect_v in_o the_o imitation_n of_o many_o other_o which_o i_o have_v often_o see_v which_o if_o now_o it_o be_v desire_v to_o prepare_v this_o salt_n according_a to_o the_o method_n of_o our_o art_n it_o will_v be_v congeal_v into_o small_a little_a long_a crystal_n like_o icicle_n and_o it_o will_v be_v like_o that_o of_o the_o ancient_n but_o as_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o find_v so_o great_a a_o quantity_n as_o the_o continual_a use_n do_v consume_v and_o necessity_n do_v excite_v to_o this_o day_n for_o the_o supply_n of_o all_o war_n which_o have_v be_v great_a and_o in_o few_o year_n consume_v many_o great_a and_o vast_a place_n of_o the_o universe_n we_o be_v therefore_o constrain_v to_o this_o new_a subject_n and_o be_v force_v even_o to_o study_v and_o invent_v in_o these_o latter_a age_n a_o new_a way_n to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o the_o former_a which_o be_v make_v with_o much_o labour_n and_o industry_n from_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o then_o purify_v and_o wash_v divers_a time_n to_o separate_v it_o from_o its_o more_o gross_a and_o terrestrial_a part_n and_o take_v from_o its_o first_o crudity_n that_o its_o may_v show_v its_o likeness_n of_o its_o mother_n it_o be_v in_o the_o end_n perfect_o purify_v and_o bring_v to_o such_o a_o height_n that_o it_o differ_v nothing_o to_o he_o of_o the_o same_o form_n and_o virtue_n of_o the_o ancient_a salt-peter_n wherefore_o if_o i_o may_v be_v admit_v to_o speak_v my_o thought_n upon_o it_o i_o shall_v say_v open_o and_o plain_o leave_v none_o in_o doubt_n the_o ancient_n do_v indeed_o find_v natural_a grow_a niter_n which_o come_v out_o of_o itself_o at_o the_o top_n of_o rock_n fill_v the_o cleft_n and_o hole_n and_o there_o condense_v into_o small_a icicle_n it_o harden_v and_o petrefy_v this_o niter_n be_v natural_a but_o since_o art_n be_v the_o imitator_n of_o nature_n as_o it_o be_v allow_v by_o all_o than_o you_o may_v not_o think_v it_o strange_a if_o we_o can_v by_o a_o little_a of_o her_o aid_n and_o by_o force_n of_o industry_n attain_v to_o the_o perfection_n of_o her_o production_n nay_o if_o i_o may_v be_v bold_a to_o 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earthy_a part_n be_v the_o subject_n that_o make_v it_o make_v such_o noise_n than_o the_o earth_n itself_o may_v be_v adjudge_v to_o make_v a_o far_o great_a noise_n see_v it_o be_v also_o mix_v with_o this_o element_n and_o yet_o we_o find_v it_o crack_v not_o at_o all_o be_v put_v in_o the_o fire_n therefore_o by_o consequence_n this_o reason_n be_v void_a well_o then_o be_v it_o of_o its_o rarity_n which_o aristotle_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d this_o can_v pass_v for_o a_o truth_n since_o daily_a experience_n do_v let_v we_o see_v that_o the_o mushroom_n or_o toad-stool_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v of_o a_o most_o rare_a thin_a nature_n yet_o make_v no_o noise_n when_o put_v upon_o burn_a coal_n neither_o be_v the_o hardness_n that_o be_v join_v to_o these_o more_o subtle_a part_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o crack_n for_o we_o see_v that_o the_o pumicestone_n will_v not_o spit_v nor_o crack_v nor_o make_v any_o noise_n in_o 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reach_v to_o l_o divide_v the_o arch_n b_o l_o into_o two_o equal_a part_n and_o that_o will_v be_v at_o f_o the_o distance_n o_o l_o be_v set_v upward_o from_o l_o will_n reach_n to_o d_o so_o then_o draw_v the_o line_n a_o d_o will_v make_v the_o quadrant_n a_o b_o d_o and_o the_o arch_n b_o o_fw-fr l_o d_o will_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o equal_a part_n now_o every_o one_o of_o those_o part_n must_v again_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o equal_a part_n and_o every_o one_o of_o they_o into_o 10_o equal_a part_n so_o will_v your_o quadrant_n be_v divide_v into_o 90_o equal_a part_n call_v degree_n of_o the_o scale_n from_o any_o part_n of_o the_o line_n a_o b_o and_o a_o d_o at_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o point_n a_o as_o at_o g_o and_o h_o raise_v two_o perpendicular_a line_n which_o will_v meet_v in_o the_o point_n m_o which_o we_o divide_v here_o into_o 12_o equal_a part_n but_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o 100_o or_o a_o 1000_o equal_a part_n at_o pleasure_n and_o the_o 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and_o vanish_v last_o take_v that_o matter_n which_o rest_v in_o the_o pot_n and_o draw_v from_o thence_o a_o oil_n by_o chemical_a instrument_n proper_a to_o this_o work_n chap._n ii_o the_o preparation_n of_o the_o flower_n of_o benjamin_n take_v benjamin_n a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o ounce_n put_v it_o into_o a_o gourd_n or_o a_o limbeck_n glass_n and_o close_o it_o well_o with_o a_o blind_a head_n as_o they_o call_v it_o then_o have_v in_o readiness_n a_o earthen_a vessel_n set_v it_o upon_o a_o tresfoot_o or_o for_o the_o more_o certainty_n upon_o a_o small_a furnace_n place_v it_o in_o your_o glass_n body_n and_o compass_v it_o well_o about_o with_o fine_a sand_n or_o ash_n so_o high_a as_o the_o matter_n be_v in_o the_o glass_n after_o make_v a_o moderate_a fire_n under_o it_o for_o fear_v the_o limbeck_n heat_n too_o soon_o and_o be_v too_o hot_a for_o that_o will_v make_v the_o flower_n become_v citrine_n or_o yellow_a when_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v as_o white_a as_o snow_n 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