WARME BEERE OR A TREATISE WHEREIN is declared by many reasons that Beere so qualified is farre more wholsome then that which is drunke cold With a confutation of such objections that are made against it published for the preservation of health CAMBRIDGE Printed by R. D. for Henry Overton And are to be sold at his shop entring into Popes-head Alley out of Lumbard-street in London 1641. To the Reader GAlen hath a saying in his second book De facultat naturali in the end of his 9. chapter and that is this Studium eorum laudandum est qui vel explanant rectè dicta à sapientibus vel supplent si quid omissum sit ab eis The which I hope gentle Reader will be a protection for this my book against such as think nothing well done which they do not themselves for that I endeavour to do both these things which Galen commendeth that is explain some points heretofore writ by our learned Masters and not regarded and also to adde some things before not thought upon by them And although I have no great hope by this my writing to work a generall good because errours long used make us both blind and deaf be the truth never so apparent not unlike the owl as Aristotle saith whose sight the sun-beams dull yet I doubt not but some will take it thankfully and making use will take benefit thereby assuring themselves I write nothing here which I hold not for the truth and have made long experience of both by self and divers of my friends I have therefore published it in our native tongue respecting a generall good referring the commendations of the thing to the proof and us all to the Almighty Amen The preface of the Publisher to the Reader CHristian and beloved Reader hearing of this ensuing Treatise of warm beer lying in the hand of a worthy Gentleman and friend of mine I made bold to send to him for it who hearing of my practice according did very kindly send it to me The which after I had read the same and considered the arguments brought for the proof thereof and weighed them together with mine own experience in the use of it I was thereby exceedingly strengthened in my judgement and abundantly confirmed in my custome Then speaking of this treatise and the subject matter thereof to some of mine acquaintance and friends and what benefit I found by the use thereof they desired to see the same and when they had read it they intreated me that it might be printed and that I would declare mine own experience which I had found by constant use of the said warm drink that it might be published for the generall good to whose request I could not but consent And therefore I shall not speak any thing by way of commendations of this book but will leave it rather to the judicious Reader and true practicer thereof and will onely relate unto you what I have found true by long experience First heretofore when I did alwayes drink cold beer and now and then a cup of wine I was very often troubled with exceeding pain in the head which did much distemper me also with stomach-ach tooth-ach cough cold and many other Rheumatick diseases But since my drinking my beer small or strong actually hot as bloud I have never been troubled with any of the former diseases but have alwayes continued in very good health constantly blessed be God yet I use not to drink wine because I find that hot beer without wine keepeth the stomach in a continuall moderate concoction But wine and hot beer doth over-heat the stomach and inflameth the liver especially in cold stomachs which have hot livers and men oftentimes drinking wine to heat their cold stomachs they thereby also inflame their livers and so the helping of the cold stomach is the means of the destruction of the liver But hot beer doth prevent this evil for it heateth the stomach and causeth good digestion and nourisheth and strengtheneth the liver And that hot beer actually made hot doth cause good concoction you may conceive it by this comparison The stomach is compared to a pot boyling over the fire with meat now if you put cold water therein it ceaseth the boyling till the fire can overcome the coldnesse of the water and the more water you put in the longer it will be before it boyl again and so long time you hinder the meat from being boyled So it is with the stomach If you drink cold beer you hinder the digestion of the meat in the stomach and the more cold you drink the more you hinder it Also cold water doth not onely hinder the boyling of the meat in the pot but also causeth the meat to be hard so that if it should boyl six houres longer then ordinary yet still the meat will be hard and never tender and soft Right so it is with the stomach Cold beer doth not onely hinder concoction but also harden the meat in the stomach as you may see by them which drink over much cold beer at or after dinner or supper six houres after they will vomit up the same meat again as raw and undigested as if it were but even then eaten which they could not have done if they had not cooled their stomachs so much with cold beer because nature would have digested the meat before that time But on the contrary hot water put in a boyling pot with meat hindereth not the boyling thereof neither doth make the meat hard but continueth the boyling thereof nourishing the meat with sufficiency of liquour and maketh it soft and tender fit to be eaten So in like manner doth hot beer to the stomach It hindereth not concoction nor hardeneth the meat in the stomach but contrariwise it continueth its concoction and maketh it fit for the nourishment of the whole body Again in the second place as this hot beer is excellent good for the keeping of the stomach in good order for concoction and consequently good health so it is most excellent for the quenching of thirst For I have not known thirst since I have used hot beer let the weather be never so hot and my work great yet have I not felt thirst as formerly Nay although I have eaten fish or flesh never so salt which ordinarily do cause thirst and drinesse yet I have been freed from it by the use of hot beer and have been no more thirstie after the eating of salt meat then I have after fresh And the reasons make it manifest being confirmed by experience if we consider when a man is thirstie there are two master-qualities which do predominate in the stomach namely heat and drinesse over their contraries cold and moisture When a man drinketh cold beer to quench his thirst he setteth all foure qualities together by the ears in the stomach which do with all violence oppose one another and cause a great combustion in the stomach breeding many distempers therein For
what with those and what with the stopping of phlegme the lungs must needs suffer And therefore the reason why actuall hot drink is said to mitigate all these is because it doth fortificare digestionem ex qua multiplicantur spiritus vivi strengthen digestion by which the vitall spirits are multiplied which being the pabulum of our senses the one can not fail while the other increaseth And therefore Arnoldus de villa nova saith Dum spiritus calor naturalis non debilitatur neque pili canescunt neque cutis corrugatur So long as the naturall heat is not weakened neither doth the hair wax gray nor the skin grow shriveled nor wrinckled And how it is a means to preserve life shall be shewed CHAP. VI Herein is shewed how the Grecians and Romanes used hot drink NOw to come to the last point which is That it is no new devised thing but that which hath been used amongst the Grecians and Romanes in the time of their longest age and is in use at this day in countreys where they live farre longer then we do which shall be proved by divers clear testimonies And first to prove it was in use amongst the Grecians heare what Philostinus that excellent physician wrote unto his countreymen He counselled them in the spring and all winter to drink their liquour calidissimum most hot and in the summer luke-warm so that at all times he shews that cold drink was not to be used Athenaeus also in his eighth book speaking of Stratonicus the harper saith he called Rhodios Cyrenaeos branchos and their citie civitatem porcorum quia Rhodios deliciis exsolutos calidum bibentes contemplatus albos Cyrenaeos nuncupabat Rhodiúmque oppidum civitatem porcorum Rhodios qui dem à Cyrenaeis colore diversos autumans at ob luxûs similitudinem proclivitatem eandem in voluptates cum porcis urbem illorum comparans Moreover Julius Pollux in his Onomastico propounds this question Whether the ancient Fathers drank their water hot and concludes they did And Lucianus in his Asino writes that the Grecians used their drink hot which Arrianus likewise in his controversies proves Apuleus maketh the same manifest speaking of Fotis in this manner Ecce Fotis mea jam domina cubitu reddita jactâ proximè rosâ sertâ rosâ solutâ in sinu uberante ac me pressim deosculato corollis revincto ac flore prosperso arripit poculum ac desuper aquâ calidâ injectâ porrigit ut biberem c. But for further proof I will prove it both by ancient writers of prose and also poets that the Romanes used it And first Varro in defining this word Calix by the Etymologie saith it comes of the Latine word Calidus because in it Calidus apponebatur potus Hot drink was served Paulus likewise the lawyer speaking of the difference between the vessels that they heated water in saith there is no great difference between Cacabus and Ahenum for in the first they boil their meat and in the other their water to drink And Julius Pollux in his 9. book calleth that vessel Ahenum where they boiled their water to drink Seneca in his first book De ira maketh mention of hot water the which was in use to be drunk in his time And in his second book the 25. chapter Dion likewise in his 57. book proveth the same in the history of Drusius son to Tiberius And in his 59. book intreating of Caius Caligula who killed an host for selling hot water in the time of the funerall of Drusius as a man irreligious to sell hot water for delicious drinking in time of common mourning Moreover Marcellinus in his 28. book shews that all taverns were forbid to sell any hot water or wine untill foure a clock in the afternoon Again Cornelias Tacitus writing of the poysoning of Britannicus shews how the means they wrought to poyson him without suspicion was to bring his drink so hot that he called for cold water to allay it wherein they had put the poyson Plinie also in his 7. book speaking of Marcus Asinius maketh it manifest for saith he the drink being too hot he held it in his hand to cool untill one sitting next to him remembred him of it and said it would be too cold Now to prove it by the authorities of poets I will first begin with Plautus who in his comedy of The vaunting souldier saith Lu. Neque ille hic calidum exbibit in prandium Pa. Neque tu bibisti Lu. Dii me perdant si bibi Si bibere potui Pa. Quâ jam Lu. Quia enim absorbui Nam nimis calebat amburebat gutturem that is Lu. Neither did he drink hot wine to his dinner Pa. Nor thou Lu. As god shall help me I neither drank neither could I. Pa. What then Lu. I supped it For it was so hot it burnt my throat What can be more plain then this Again the same Authour in another comedy brings forth Labrax speaking to Neptune in these words La. Edepol Neptune es balneator frigidus Cum vestimentis posteaquam abs te abii algeo Nec Thermopolium quidem ullum ille instruit Ità salsaÌ„ praebet potionem frigidam that is La. Truly Neptune thou art a cold bath-keeper Since I came from thee I freeze in my clothes Neither doth he keep any hotwater-shop He gives us so salt and cold a potion The like sayings be many in Plautus which for brevity sake I omit Horace also when he writes to Telephus in his third book of his Odes hath this saying Quo chium pretio cadum Mercemur quis aquam temperet ignibus For Chian wine what men exact who 'll our water to warmth redact And Juvenal in his fifth Satyr hath this saying Quando ad te pervenit ille Quando vocatus adest calidae gelidaeque minister When will anon anon Sir come For hot and cold to have custome Likewise Martial in his verses he made to Sextilianus the great drinker saith thus Jam defecisset portantes caldae ministros Si non potares Sextiliane merum They had lackt hot water by this time Had not Sextilian drunk wine And in his second book of Epigrams these be his words Te conviva leget mixto quincunce sed antè Incipiat positus quà m tepuisse calix The tosse pot will thee reade but that must be Onely untill his hot cup cool'd he see And in his 8. book against Caecilianus these be his words Curre agè illotos revoca Caliste ministros Sternantur lecti Caeciliane sede Caldam poscis aquam sed nondum frigida venit Algâ—t adhuc nudo clausa culina foco Runne call thy unwash't servants sit Your couches Caecilian sit Thou call'st No hot water within Nor cold yet in our cold kitchin And in his last book these be his words Frigida non desit non deerit calda petenti Sed tu morosa ludere parce siti Ye want not cold nor shall ye hot But spare to please your dainty throat By these authorities I hope I have made it plain that it was used many hundred years amongst the Romanes For if we consider the age that Plautus lived in which was some five hundred and seventy years after the building of Rome and the poysoning of Britannicus in Nero's time you shall find it to be 808. years after Rome was built and Martial lived under Domitianus 835. years after Rome was built which was more then 300. years Neither did Plautus write it as new devise but as a thing long before in use Now to the other point That it is used at this day amongst whole nations I will prove by Grovani Petro Maffei the Jesuite who in his 6. book of histories writes that they of China do for the most part drink the strained liquour of an herb called Chiâ—â— hot And Persino the Italiaâ— writes that he saw himself tres principes Grapponenses which came to kisse Pope Gregorie the thirteenth foot and it is but a littlâ— while since who drank nothing but hot water affirming it to be the custom of their countrey Thus have I according to my promise handled severally all the points promised in the beginning if not to thy satisfaction impute that to my want of reading not to the truth of the cause which divers times is overthrown with ill handling FINIS
if heat get the mastery it causeth inflammation through the whole body but if cold it surfeteth the body and bringeth a man into fluxes and other diseases But hot beer prevents all these dangers and maketh friendship between all these enemies viz. hot and cold wet and drie in the stomach because when the coldnesse of the beer is taken away by actuall heat and made as hot as the stomach then heat hath no opposite his enemie cold being taken away there onely remains these two enemies dry and wet in the stomach which heat laboureth to make friends as you may see in this example In fire there is heat and drinesse and in water there is cold and moisture which are opposite to the qualities in the fire Now if you throw the cold water upon the fire you set these opposites together by the ears but if you would quickly quench the fire take hot water and throw thereon and one bucket full of hot water will quench more fire then foure buckets of cold The reason is because of the extreme opposition between hot and cold but when the coldnesse of the water is taken away and it made actually hot then hot water to hot fire agreeth as like to like and peace being made between hot and cold the heat maketh friendship between wet and dry Also you may see wet and dry easily reconciled by heat in another example Take a dry piece of wollen cloth and throw it upon cold water and you shall see how wet and dry will oppose one another the water will not let the cloth sink into it and the dry cloth will not let the water enter into it but the cold water will slide off from the dry cloth and the cloth will swim upon the water But if the water be made hot and the cloth thrown thereon they will immediately embrace one another without any opposition So likewise if you put cold water upon dust wet and dry will so oppose each other that the dust will not suffer the water to sink into it but the water will trull up and down on the dust like quick-silver but if the water be hot and put never so lightly upon the dust it will incontinently sink into it without opposition And thus you see by these examples how heat is as it were a means to make friendship between wet and dry Even so it doth in the stomach When one is exceeding thirstie the beer being made hot and then drunk into the dry stomach it immediately quencheth the thirst moistening and refreshing Nature abundantly But some will say Cold beer is very pleasant to one that is thirstie I answer it is true But pleasant things for the most part are very dangerous Cold beer is pleasant when extreme thirst is in the stomach but what more dangerous to the health How many have you known heard of who by drinking of a cup of cold beer in extreme thirst have taken a surfet and killed themselves What more pleasant then for one that hath gone up a hill in summer time and is exceeding hot to sit down and open his breast that the cool aire may blow therein And yet how dangerous is it For a man in very short time for getting himself taketh a sudden cold and surfets thereon which costeth his precious life for his pleasant aire Therefore we must not drink cold beer because it is pleasant but hot beer because it is profitable especially in the Citie for such as have cold stomachs and inclining to a consumption I have known some that have been so farre gone in a consumption that none would think in reason they could live a week to an end their breath was short their stomach was gone and their strength failed so that they were not able to walk about the room without resting panting and blowing they drank many hot drinks and wines to heat their cold stomachs and cure their diseases especially sweet wines but all in vain for the more wine they drank to warm their stomachs the more they inflamed their livers by which means they grew worse and worse increasing their disease But when they did leave drinking all wine and betook themselves onely to the drinking of hot beer so hot as bloud within a moneth their breath stomach and strength was so increased that they could walk about their garden with ease and within two moneths could walk 4. miles and within three moneths were perfectly made well as ever they were in their lives And I doubt not but many that have practiced this thing can witnesse the truth of these as well as my self So having performed the request of my friends to set down my experience and the reasons moving me I leave it now to the practice of such as by themselves or their Physicians are satisfied of what use it may be to them desiring the Lord to adde his blessing for his glory and for their comfort Amen F. W. In commendations of WARM BEER WE care not what stern grandfires now can say Since reason doth and ought to bear the sway Vain grandames say saws ne'r shall make me think That rotten teeth come most by warmed drink No grandfire not if you had us'd to warm Your mornings draughts as I do farre lesse harm Your raggie lungs had felt not half so soon For want of teeth to chew you 'd us'd the spoon Grandame be silent now if you be wise Lest I betray your â—â—â—â—ing niggardize I wot well you no physick ken nor yet The name and nature of the vitall heat 'T was more to save your fire and fear that I Your pewter cups should melt or smokifie Then skill or care of me which made you 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and stamp to see me warm my beer Though Grandsire growl though grandame 〈◊〉 I hold That man unwise that drinks his liquour cold W. B. A Treatise of warm drink CHAP. I. The use and necessitie of drink NOt without great judgement have the poets feigned Prometheus to have entred into the heavens and by Pallas help to have brought from thence celestiall fire naming one thing and intimating another nor with lesse dexteritie of wit doth Homer in his eighth book of Iliads call a method in writing {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} a golden chain seeing that it is as impossible without it to declare any thing orderly as to search through all the secret places of the Labyrinth without Ariadnes clue of yarn And seeing a method doth require his definitions divisions subdivisions and such like in a brief yet ample manner so as nothing be superfluous or wanting I will do my good will to speak all yet in as few words as I may fitting my speech agreeably to the multitude for whom it is written not affecting curiositie as a thing onely meet for the learned You shall understand then that the whole contents of this book depend onely upon this question Which is more wholesome in the regiment of health drink made
still draw from the next untill they come to the last which is the stomach so that the meseraicks being stopt the order of the whole body is perverted and there either remaineth no appetite or a preposterous one for want of just feeling Et hujus insensibilitatis causa as Laurentius saith est refrigeratio nervi obstructio ejusdem exsolutio facultatis appetentis But some will say let this be so how prove you drink drunk actually cold doth stop To make this clear heare what Arnoldus de villa nova saith in the Treatise he wrote to the King of Aragon for the preservation of his health to whom upon some respects he granted both actuall and potentiall cold drink in the canicular dayes having as it seemeth a strong hot stomach but adviseth him to adde to it a little vineger because saith he to those that have strait meseraicks it is necessary The reason was because without vineger it would stop And in another drunk when it hath them all à multò fortiori not to be drunk when they be gone To demonstrate that it is bereft of them in the boyling weigh but this Take water boyled and water never boyled and set them out in the frosty weather and that which hath been boyled will first freeze Which is because its warmest parts are exhaled out of it But it may be objected that although water will do so yet the composition of beer hath taken that away and therefore beer is freed from that fault I answer set beer and water out beer will freez as soon as water But let us look into the composition of beer It is made of barley water and hops Barley is cold in the first degree hops hot in the second now a thing hot in the second degree put to double so much of a thing cold in the first degree maketh but a temper but if it did this is nothing to the actuall cold although it were something to the potentiall for it is the actuall cold we stand on And therefore water beer or whatsoever it be if it have but the positive degree of cold all is one To our purpose Arnoldus in his regiment of health hath these words omnis cervisia ex grano est grossior quà m vinum multùm difficile ad digerendum place he findeth fault with drinking of cold water because saith he it is sluggish impedit omnem cursum and stoppeth all passages Trincavellius also saith cold drink hurteth all that have obstructions and impostumes Again Galen De locis affectis saith cold doth spirituum vias cursus impedire and Aristotle saith it doth congelare Avicen 2. Cautic tract. 1. cap. 4. saith est etiam vitandus potus aquae in mensa water is to be eschewed at the table Whereof Averroes expoundeth the reason to be because priusquam stomachus calefecerit infrigidat incrudat before the stomach can warm the meat by cold water it is cooled and crudified And Galen knowing that cold water was stopping caused it therefore for the stone to be made hot where he would have it to deoppilate as before is alledged But it may be objected grant all this you write is true what is this to our beer which hath endured a boyling I answer it is more vehement against our beer then water unboyled and this is the reason Water which never was boyled hath in it all its aeriall parts which be both his warmest and finest parts and most penetrable and therefore if not to be drunk when it hath them all à multò fortiori not to be drunk when they be gone To demonstrate that it is bereft of them in the boyling weigh but this Take water boyled and water never boyled and set them out in the frosty weather and that which hath been boyled will first freeze Which is because its warmest parts are exhaled out of it But it may be objected that although water will do so yet the composition of beer hath taken that away and therefore beer is freed from that fault I answer set beer and water out beer will freez as soon as water But let us look into the composition of beer It is made of barley water and hops Barley is cold in the first degree hops hot in the second now a thing hot in the second degree put to double so much of a thing cold in the first degree maketh but a temper but if it did this is nothing to the actuall cold although it were something to the potentiall for it is the actuall cold we stand on And therefore water beer or whatsoever it be if it have but the positive degree of cold all is one To our purpose Arnoldus in his regiment of health hath these words Omnis cervisia ex grano est grossior quà m vinum multùm difficile ad digerendum facit oppilationes in visceribus c. All beer saith he made of grain is thicker then wine and being hard to digest it maketh obstructions in the intrals what can be more plainly spoken to our purpose Schola Salerni saith it doth inflare obstruere break wind and stop which is as much as we endeavour for this point to prove And because it shall be known that howsoever you make your beer yet it is stopping of it self and therefore much the more drunk cold note these diversities that beer made of barley onely is most cold that that which is made of barley and oats lesse nourisheth and lesse stoppeth and that that which is made with much wheat is more nourishing and most stopping But to the last point which is Drink taken cold into the stomach indamageth our life which I prove in this sort Whatsoever is a decay or downfall to our spirits indamageth our life But cold drink taken into the stomach doth so Therefore cold drink taken into our stomach indamageth our life My minor I prove in this sort Life according to Paracelsus in his book De vita rerum is nothing else but Spiritus These be his words Vita rerum nihil aliud est quà m essentia spiritualis invisibilis ignis impalpabilis res spiritus spiritualis res Life is nothing else then a spirituall essence an invisible fire an impalpable thing a spirit and a spirituall thing and death is no more then inversio virium virtutum the altering and overthrow of our strength Seeing then our life is a spirituall thing and spirits be the food and nourishment of spirits as Ficinus in his book De sanitate tuenda doth well observe my major must necessarily follow that to be a decay to the spirits is to abbreviate our life My minor viz. that cold drink taken into the stomach doth decay the spirits I prove thus The spirits are ingendred of the bloud and that Montanus in his Counsels doth take notice of where he saith in this sort Spiritus sunt semper proportionati sanguini nihil enim aliud sunt quà m vapor
remote and the cold can there be left or offend But to confirm it by experience these instances I have seen About the yeare of our Lord 1590. I was with a gentlewoman one Mr Clarks wife of Jarcks hill in Kent in whom labouring of a cancer in her matrix I tryed this experience that giving her beer actually cold she would immediately be in the greatest pain in the world but give it her hot and she felt none Another woman dwelt in Houndsditch at the signe of the guilded cup seven years since who likewise labouring of a cancer in the matrix if you had given her cold beer it made her be in great pain if hot in nothing so much By which it is evident that the beer did passe so cold as that it gave a sensible feeling of the difference And therefore it is not to be doubted but that the actuall cold was an enemy being so much more misliked of Nature then the hot Now let us examine by what means drink received actually cold hurts the bowels according as our ancient physicians write For my own opinion I hold it hurts them many wayes First in respect it breeds crudity in the stomach whereof groweth fleam which fleam descending into the bowels breeds intollerable collicks and worms Secondly it breeds windinesse which likewise is the nurse of extreme inconveniences incident to the bowels Lastly fluxes although non primariò tamen jure societatis that is not primarily yet by right of society Seeing therefore it hath been heretofore proved it is so generall an enemy to our health in hurting all and singular our principall parts I may well conclude with Aristotle in his fourth book of Meteors Cold is an enemy to our nature and so by consequence drink drunk actually cold and therefore to be eschewed CHAP. V. The benefit that ariseth from the use of actuall hot drink BUt now according to our promise we will shew the great good that ariseth of hot drink and although in laying open the defects of drink taken actually cold there is much spoken of the good that redounds to the body by the use of hot drink yet because according to our determinate course it comes in order to be intreated of I shall say something not before said First therefore it shall be proved it helps the stomach and by that means the head and by that means the liver and by that means the bowels and by that means the splene and by that means the kidneys and bladder and by that means the matrix in women and by that means keeps back old age and consequently preserves life And although in handling of the defects which cold beer procureth unto all these parts I have sufficiently by the hurt of the one laid open the help of the other yet I will adde unto my first sayings new reasons because I will not be tedious to the Reader not renewing any authorities heretofore cited but alledging Authours of no lesse moment Galen 3. Technic hath this saying Calidiora calido iribus iudigent auditoriis Things whose temper tends to warmth have need to use helps of the same nature then thus I reason The stomach is an office of warmth Therefore it must needs be helped with warmth agreeable to the which position is our beer made actually hot Now to prove that the stomach being warm must be helped with warmth and that it is not any way without hurt to be bereaved of his warmth mark what Avicen 3. Tract. cap. 5. intimateth where writing of warmth in mans bodie he counselleth nay rather forbiddeth that no man wash his hands in warm water because saith he the heat is drawn out of the stomach by the warmth of the water by which digestion in the stomach is hindered and that being vitiated it is a means to breed ingender worms Which declareth how profitable it is to put our drink hot into our stomach in respect of keeping warmth there which by cold would be repelled And our ancient physicians have been so jealous of decaying the warmth of the stomach that they have forbidden us to stand near a great fire after eating for the reason above named In like manner and for the same cause doth Avicen forbid a man to walk fast after eating Nè calor propter motum attrahatur ad partes exteriores Lest the heat by stirring be drawn outwardly How much more consonant is it therefore to reason to use warmth in the stomach whereby naturall heat is increased then to use things cold whereby it is lessened And this Hippocrates in his Aphorisme which begins In hyeme multus cibus c. doth make plain who holdeth that in winter we can eat most meat whereof Galen giving the reason saith it is because the outward cold keeps in the heat in the stomach and makes it stronger And yet I remember Arnoldus De villa nova makes such doubt of cold that he seemeth to take exceptions at Galens words and saith if the outward cold be great it is necessary the stomach be well covered naturally or artificially or else it will weaken it But let us examine the reason how helping the stomach it helpeth the head which thus I prove Whatsoever is the means whereby the head is least oppressed with excrementitious matter is helpfull to the head But hot drink is so Therefore hot drink c. My minor I prove in this sort Whatsoever suggesteth least cause of unprofitable matter is the cause the head is least oppressed But hot drink doth so Therefore hot drink is helpfull The minor thus I prove Whatsoever fortifyeth concoction suggesteth least cause of unprofitable matter But hot drink doth so Therefore c. The minor is thus proved Whatsoever preserves the stomach in naturall warmth fortifyeth concoction But hot drink doth so Therefore hot drink fortifyeth concoction The minor is true For whatsoever temperate heat joyneth it self with naturall heat preserves the naturall heat of the stomach But warm drink being temperate joyneth with the other Therefore hot drink preserveth the naturall heat of the stomach Now it is evident that the warmth of actuall hot beer is in no extreme but after a sort contrary to both the extremes and therefore temperate For Montanus in his Counsels saith Mediocria temperata sunt ad sua extrema tanquam ad sua contraria that is Mediocrities are called temperate as well in respect of their extremes as in respect of their contraries Now will I also prove that by helipng the stomach it also helps the liver in this sort whatsoever washeth the stomach naturally and keeps the meseraicks open doth help the liver But hot drink doth so Therefore it helps the liver But before I prosecute the argument any further I will shew how in performing that it helps the liver which it doth two wayes First because in washing the stomach and bowels it produceth inanition which causeth appetite which is a desire of new matter fit for new bloud Secondly because