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water_n body_n earth_n element_n 7,308 5 10.1853 5 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A93046 The history of the propagation & improvement of vegetables by the concurrence of art and nature: shewing the several ways for the propagation of plants usually cultivated in England, as they are increased by seed, off-sets, suckers, truncheons, cuttings, slips, laying, circumposition, the several ways of graftings and inoculations; as likewise the methods for improvement and best culture of field, orchard, and garden plants, the means used for remedy of annoyances incident to them; with the effect of nature, and her manner of working upon the several endeavors and operations of the artist. Written according to observations made from experience and practice: / by Robert Sharrock, Fellow of New Colledge. Sharrock, Robert, 1630-1684. 1659 (1659) Wing S3010; Thomason E1731_2; ESTC R200918 91,082 174

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thick_a will_v do_v the_o same_o but_o rather_o by_o a_o actual_a heat_n which_o it_o create_v by_o its_o fermentation_n than_o by_o the_o power_n of_o single_a principle_n as_o in_o the_o former_a instance_n but_o the_o excess_n of_o it_o be_v harmful_a be_v lay_v in_o such_o quantity_n as_o it_o may_v heat_n and_o certain_o burn_v the_o root_n of_o any_o ordinary_a vegerable_n that_o grow_v near_o it_o sheep-dung_n fog-dung_n likewise_o and_o all_o soil_n and_o litter_n of_o cattle_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o dung_n urine_n and_o heat_n of_o their_o body_n lie_v thereon_o have_v a_o warmth_n in_o they_o and_o be_v fit_a for_o cold_a land_n on_o that_o account_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o moisture_n for_o dry_a land_n also_o for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o many_o ground_n be_v dry_a and_o cold_a too_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o north_n and_o northwest_n as_o england_n lie_v and_o in_o england_n many_o of_o our_o wood-land_n especial_o and_o so_o all_o hot_a and_o 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december_n or_o january_n that_o the_o root_n of_o the_o grass_n may_v the_o better_o take_v to_o the_o ground_n before_o hot_a weather_n come_v in_o the_o spring_n among_o mr._n speed_v note_n there_o be_v these_o recipt_n take_v red_a herring_n and_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n burn_v the_o piece_n on_o the_o molehill_n or_o you_o may_v put_v garlic_n or_o leek_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o their_o hill_n and_o the_o mole_n will_v leave_v the_o ground_n i_o have_v not_o try_v these_o way_n and_o therefore_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o his_o own_o trial_n belief_n or_o doubt_v i_o have_v almost_o forget_v to_o mention_v the_o change_n of_o seed_n from_o ground_n of_o a_o contrary_a nature_n which_o by_o the_o experience_n of_o husbandman_n be_v find_v very_o advantageous_a and_o be_v think_v to_o prevent_v smootiness_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n in_o buckinghamshire_n for_o those_o of_o the_o vale_n to_o buy_v their_o seed_n from_o the_o chiltern_n on_o this_o account_n and_o this_o experiment_n be_v find_v profitable_a in_o wheat_n barley_n pease_n and_o all_o field_n grain_n and_o not_o so_o only_o but_o also_o in_o garden_n plant_n for_o the_o preserve_n early_o or_o late_o sow_v corn_n or_o the_o same_o when_o it_o begin_v to_o corn_n in_o the_o ear_n from_o crow_n rook_n or_o jack-dows_n mr._n blithe_n have_v invent_v this_o scarecrow_n you_o must_v say_v he_o kill_v a_o crow_n or_o two_o and_o take_v they_o into_o the_o field_n where_o they_o haunt_v and_o in_o the_o most_o obvious_a plain_a perspicuous_a place_n make_v a_o great_a hole_n of_o two_o foot_n over_o and_o about_o twenty_o inch_n deep_a on_o the_o high_a ground_n in_o the_o field_n which_o hole_n must_v be_v stick_v round_o about_o the_o edge_n with_o the_o long_a feather_n the_o bottom_n must_v be_v cover_v with_o the_o short_a and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o carcase_n and_o that_o turf_n or_o earth_n that_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o hole_n be_v lay_v round_o upon_o a_o heap_n you_o may_v stick_v round_o with_o feather_n also_o one_o crow_n feather_n will_v dress_v two_o or_o three_o hole_n and_o about_o six_o or_o eight_o hole_n will_v serve_v for_o a_o field_n of_o ten_o or_o twelve_o acre_n the_o feather_n will_v remain_v fresh_a a_o month_n unless_o store_n of_o rain_n or_o weather_n beat_v they_o much_o and_o then_o if_o needful_a they_o must_v be_v renew_v chap._n viii_o of_o the_o mean_n of_o improvement_n and_o best_a culture_n of_o such_o plant_n or_o flower_n as_o be_v usual_o cultivate_v in_o garden_n or_o orchard_n and_o of_o the_o way_n use_v for_o the_o remove_n of_o such_o annoyance_n as_o be_v common_o incident_a to_o they_o num._n 1._o of_o the_o annoyance_n in_o general_a incident_a to_o garden_n plant_n the_o politician_n speak_v it_o to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o as_o great_a skill_n and_o prowess_n to_o defend_v a_o place_n already_o get_v and_o to_o improve_v it_o to_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o inhabitant_n as_o it_o be_v at_o the_o first_o to_o arrive_v at_o the_o conquest_n this_o be_v alike_o true_a in_o the_o gardinet_n province_n it_o be_v no_o easy_a thing_n with_o he_o to_o raise_v a_o stock_n of_o choice_a plant_n by_o the_o several_a way_n of_o propagation_n above_o mention_v and_o as_o hard_o to_o preserve_v they_o be_v propagate_v from_o destruction_n by_o foreign_a and_o intestine_a violence_n for_o either_o the_o sharpness_n of_o cold_a the_o torridness_n of_o the_o sun_n vermine_n or_o other_o accident_n from_o without_o or_o want_v of_o convenient_a and_o nourishable_a soil_n of_o earth_n and_o water_n and_o other_o element_n proportionable_a to_o the_o plant_n will_v be_v such_o internal_a deficiency_n as_o to_o cause_v utter_a destruction_n or_o the_o
neighbour_n i_o decide_v not_o the_o question_n nor_o can_v reconcile_v the_o gardener_n to_o weed_n while_o he_o find_v his_o strong_a plant_n destroy_v by_o they_o i_o have_v see_v many_o tree_n in_o a_o well_o grow_v nursery_n spoil_v by_o the_o grass_n that_o grow_v amid_o they_o and_o as_o i_o remember_v the_o very_a bark_n of_o the_o tree_n themselves_o be_v rot_v by_o a_o dew_n cast_v upon_o they_o from_o the_o grass_n i_o have_v likewise_o observe_v a_o strong_o grow_v quickset_n of_o white_a thorn_n to_o have_v be_v destroy_v by_o alexander_n which_o it_o be_v at_o the_o reader_n choice_n to_o account_v as_o a_o weed_n or_o cultivated_a plant._n the_o time_n of_o prune_v general_o be_v the_o dead_a of_o winter_n for_o such_o plant_n as_o consist_v of_o a_o woody_n substance_n pompion_n be_v deprive_v of_o their_o superfluous_a creeper_n and_o other_o gourd_n likewise_o at_o their_o first_o time_n of_o spring_v and_o divarication_n of_o their_o branch_n the_o season_n of_o prune_v for_o acceleration_n of_o ripeness_n be_v when_o the_o fruit_n be_v make_v and_o begin_v to_o grow_v to_o some_o bigness_n as_o general_o they_o be_v about_o midsummer_n some_o have_v a_o three_o time_n of_o prune_a wall-fruit_n viz._n at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o fruit_n be_v take_v off_o as_o they_o do_v rose_n likewise_o when_o the_o flower_n be_v new_o go_v to_o cut_v the_o branch_n or_o sprig_n of_o a_o flower_n or_o tree_n quite_o off_o can_v proper_o be_v call_v prune_v yet_o sometime_o it_o prove_v a_o useful_a operation_n for_o such_o plant_n as_o be_v stunt_v as_o they_o call_v it_o in_o their_o growth_n tree_n that_o be_v crooked_a or_o have_v be_v bite_v with_o cattle_n or_o be_v grow_v old_a thus_o woodman_n count_v it_o best_o to_o cut_v those_o stool_n of_o under-wood_n down_o to_o the_o root_n that_o it_o may_v begin_v to_o shoot_v afresh_o that_o have_v be_v much_o browse_v by_o cattle_n and_o cut_v down_o their_o hedge_n to_o the_o root_n when_o they_o grow_v old_a and_o mossy_a gardiner_n likewise_o if_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o sharp_a winter_n their_o anemone_n be_v pinch_v with_o cold_a and_o starve_v let_v they_o not_o immediate_o run_v to_o flower_n but_o cut_v off_o the_o first_o spring_n to_o the_o ground_n that_o in_o a_o better_a season_n they_o may_v lay_v a_o strong_a foundation_n for_o the_o bear_n of_o full_a and_o fair_a flower_n n._n 6._o of_o pismire_n earwig_n canker_n and_o rottenness_n in_o choice_a plant_n caterpillar_n mossiness_n bark-binding_a burst_v of_o gillyflower_n there_o be_v many_o other_o annoyance_n to_o vegetable_n and_o general_o soon_o reckon_v than_o remedy_v a_o word_n or_o two_o i_o shall_v speak_v of_o as_o many_o of_o they_o as_o come_v into_o my_o mind_n pismire_n especial_o those_o of_o the_o black_a kind_n be_v exceed_o troublesome_a in_o some_o garden_n for_o they_o climb_v the_o high_a tree_n and_o spoil_v the_o fruit_n be_v common_o esteem_v remediless_a bellonius_fw-la who_o take_v exceed_v pain_n for_o improvement_n by_o vegetable_n commend_v the_o decoction_n of_o broth_n make_v of_o any_o sort_n of_o spurge_n as_o very_o efficacious_a for_o this_o purpose_n some_o draw_v they_o to_o one_o place_n by_o bury_v carrion_n where_o they_o most_o resort_n and_o then_o scald_v they_o with_o seethe_a liquor_n to_o divers_a choice_n flower_n but_o carnation_n and_o gillyflower_n especial_o ear-wig_n be_v a_o great_a annoyance_n mr._n p_n way_n of_o set_v beast_n hoof_n among_o the_o flower_n upon_o stick_n to_o take_v they_o be_v use_v of_o every_o body_n here_o and_o general_o like_v some_o that_o set_v their_o flower_n in_o pot_n set_v the_o pot_n in_o earthen_a plate_n with_o double_a verges_n contain_v water_n or_o water_n mingle_v with_o soot_n in_o the_o outward_a verge_n to_o drown_v the_o vermin_n that_o shall_v attempt_v the_o pot_n and_o rain_v water_n in_o the_o second_o which_o may_v pass_v through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o pot_n to_o water_v the_o earth_n therein_o contain_v the_o rottenness_n and_o hollowness_n that_o through_o age_n &_o too_o much_o moisture_n bulbous_a and_o tuberous_a root_n and_o the_o best_a anemone_n especial_o be_v subject_a too_o be_v thus_o provide_v for_o the_o disease_n must_v be_v lay_v open_a and_o the_o rottenness_n cut_v out_o so_o that_o in_o the_o root_n there_o be_v no_o capacity_n leave_v to_o hold_v water_n which_o i_o have_v often_o mention_v to_o be_v a_o great_a enemy_n both_o to_o they_o and_o tulip_n ferrarius_fw-la and_o some_o other_o prescribe_v plaster_n of_o rosin_n turpentine_n and_o wax_v to_o apply_v to_o the_o cicatrice_n of_o the_o wound_a root_n which_o notwithstanding_o i_o have_v no_o great_a regard_n for_o the_o same_o author_n say_v that_o in_o moist_a winter_n anemone_n do_v best_a in_o pot_n in_o dry_a better_a in_o bed_n with_o we_o they_o be_v seldom_o potted_a but_o the_o border_n for_o these_o plant_n be_v usual_o lay_v on_o pretty_a high_a ridge_n as_o husbandman_n lay_v their_o corn_n land_n in_o deep_a and_o moist_a ground_n to_o prevent_v the_o mischief_n that_o usual_o happen_v by_o too_o much_o wet_v mr._n parkinson_n say_v that_o if_o you_o perceive_v that_o your_o gillyflower_n leave_v change_v any_o of_o their_o natural_a fresh_a colour_n and_o turn_v yellowish_a or_o begin_v to_o wither_v in_o any_o part_n it_o be_v a_o sure_a sign_n that_o the_o root_n be_v infect_v with_o some_o canker_n or_o rottenness_n which_o will_v soon_o show_v itself_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o its_o branch_n and_o therefore_o betimes_o else_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a advice_n that_o you_o cover_v all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o branch_n with_o fresh_a earth_n or_o else_o take_v the_o fair_a slip_n from_o it_o or_o according_a to_o art_n lie_v it_o this_o way_n of_o mr._n p._n may_v be_v apply_v unto_o other_o vegetable_n i_o know_v no_o better_a way_n to_o destroy_v caterpillar_n palmer_n worm_n and_o other_o vermin_n of_o that_o kind_n then_o by_o crush_a their_o egg_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v lay_v upon_o the_o leaf_n by_o the_o fly_n some_o brush_v they_o off_o with_o wet_a clothes_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o little_a fly_n that_o usual_o blow_v upon_o the_o cabbage_n choose_v such_o plant_n as_o be_v young_a and_o especial_o those_o that_o be_v raise_v in_o hot_a bed_n or_o endure_v least_o of_o cold_a in_o the_o winter_n precede_v mossiness_n of_o tree_n come_v general_o either_o from_o the_o barrenness_n or_o coldness_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o therefore_o i_o count_v it_o vain_a to_o attempt_v the_o removal_n of_o it_o without_o take_v away_o the_o cause_n and_o make_v the_o ground_n better_o which_o be_v do_v it_o will_v be_v proper_a enough_o to_o rub_v down_o the_o tree_n in_o a_o wet_a day_n with_o a_o hair_n cloth_n tree_n likewise_o be_v sometime_o bark-bound_a especial_o such_o the_o grain_n of_o who_o bark_n run_v round_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n as_o in_o cherry-tree_n and_o not_o straight_o upward_o according_a to_o the_o grain_n of_o the_o tree_n as_o in_o apple_n pear_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o bark_n be_v not_o general_o as_o i_o suppose_v nourish_v by_o apposition_n of_o a_o new_a rind_n to_o it_o as_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tree_n be_v but_o by_o interposition_n of_o particle_n amid_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o rind_n already_o make_v which_o if_o it_o be_v so_o hard_a as_o not_o to_o admit_v other_o particle_n for_o its_o enlargement_n there_o can_v be_v no_o new_a addition_n of_o a_o new_a coat_n of_o wood_n which_o ought_v to_o accrue_v every_o year_n to_o the_o tree_n for_o there_o will_v be_v no_o space_n wherein_o the_o sap_n may_v ascend_v which_o be_v to_o be_v harden_v into_o such_o new_a wood_n unless_o by_o rent_v the_o whole_a coat_n of_o bark_n which_o sometime_o happen_v the_o remedy_n for_o this_o disease_n both_o in_o cherry-tree_n and_o other_o tree_n those_o chief_o who_o bark_n be_v harden_v and_o gro●n_v crusty_a by_o long_o stand_v in_o shadowy_a place_n or_o barren_a ground_n be_v that_o the_o year_n after_o their_o removal_n or_o upon_o addition_n of_o better_a soil_n in_o straight_o grain_v bark_n and_o without_o either_o removal_n or_o addition_n of_o soil_n in_o cherry-tree_n and_o other_o cross_a grain_a bark_n or_o in_o any_o tree_n who_o bark_n rend_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n the_o bark_n be_v slit_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tree_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o tree_n in_o one_o two_o or_o three_o place_n this_o be_v a_o chyrurgical_a remedy_n that_o never_o fail_v and_o be_v easy_o perform_v carnation_n and_o gillyflower_n happen_v to_o be_v often_o deform_v especial_o those_o which_o be_v of_o the_o large_a sort_n by_o burst_v the_o calyx_fw-la cellar_n or_o case_n wherein_o