Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
water_n	body_n	earth_n	element_n	7,308	5	10.1853	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A59140	A new systeme of geography, designed in a most plain and easy method for the better understanding of that science accommodated with new mapps of all the countreys, regions, empires, monarchis, kingdoms, principalities, dukedoms, marquesates, dominions, estates, republiques, Soveraignties, governments seignories, provinces, and countreys in the whole world with geographical tables, explaining the divisions in each mapp / John Seller ...	Seller, John, fl. 1658-1698.	1685 (1685)	Wing S2477; ESTC R3904	48,442	207

A NEW SYSTEME OF Geography Designed in a Most Plain and Easy Method for the better Understanding of that Science Accommodated With NEW MAPPS OF ALL THE Countreys Regions Empires Monarchie Kingdoms Principalities Dukedoms Marquesates Dominions Estates Republiques Soveraignties Governments Seignories Provinces and Countreys in the whole World WITH Geographical Tables Explaining the Divisions in Each Mapp By John Seller Hydrographer to the King And are Sold at his Shop on the West-side of the Royal Exchange A New Systeme of GEOGRAPHY Reduced to a Plain Easy Method For the Ready finding out any Empire Kingdom Principality or Government in the whole World By John Seller Hydrographer to the King Europe Asia Africa America A New SYSTEME OF Geography The Elements and Principles of Geography CHAP. I. Of the Nature and Division of Geography GEOGRAPHY is a Science shewing the Divisions and Distinctions of the Earthly Globe as it is a Spherical Body Composed of Earth and Water for that both these do together make one Globe 2. And hence the Parts of Geography are two the one concerns the Earthy and the other the Watry part 3. The Earthy part of the Globe may be divided into Continents and Islands 4. A Continent is a great quantity of Land not Separated by any Sea from the rest of the World as the whole Continent of Europe Asia and Africa 5. An Island is a part of Land Environed with some Sea or other as the Islands of Great-Britain and Ireland with the Ocean The Island of Sicilia with the Mediterranean 6. Both those are Subdivided into Peninsula Isthmus Promontorium 7. Peninsula is a Tract of Land which being almost Encompassed round by Water is joined with some little part or neck of Land 8. Isthmus is that narrow neck of Land which joineth the Peninsula to the Continent thus is Africa joined to Asia only by that small neck of Land that is Contained between the Mediterranean and the Arabian Gulf called the Red Sea 9. Promontorium is a high Mountain which shooteth it self into the Sea the utmost end thereof is called a Cape as Cape Bona Esperance in Africa 10. The Watery part of the Globe is Destinguished by Divers Names as Oceanus Maro Fretum Sinus Lacus and Fluvius 1. Oceanus or Ocean is that Great general Collection of Waters that Encompasseth the Earth on every side 2. Mare the Sea is a part of the Main Ocean to which we cannot come but through some Fretum or Strait as Mare Meditterraneum and sometimes takes its Name from the Adjacent Shore as Mare Adriaticum from the City of Adria or from a first Discoverer as Mare Magelanicum 3. Fretum or Strait Is a part of the Ocean straitned between some Narrow bounds and opening the Way to some Sea as the Straits of Gibralter the Straits of Magelan c. 4. Sinus Is a Gulf or Bay or any Indraught of Water as the Gulf of Venice the Gulf of Mexico the Bay of Biscaia and the Bay of Bengale in the East-Indies 5. Lacus or a Lake is a Body or Collection of Waters which hath no visible Intercourse with the Sea or Influx into it as the Lake of Geneva and the Lake of Asphaltites or Dead Sea in the Land of Canaan 6. Fluvius or River is a Water-course Issuing from some Spring or Lake And Emptyeth it self into some part of the Sea a great River as the Rhine the Thames c. CHAP. II. Of the Circles of the Sphere THere are ten Circles of the Sphere six great and four lesser The Six great Circles are the Meridian the Horizon the Equinoctial the Ecliptick the two Colures all which divide the Sphere into two Equal parts The four lesser Circles are the two Tropiques and the two Polar Circles each of which Divides the Sphere into two unequal parts The Meridian is a great Circle which passeth through both the Poles of the World and through the Zenith and Nadir Points and sheweth the Latitudes of all places on the Earth The Horizon is also a great Circle which divideth the visible part of the Heavens which we see from those we see not The Equinoctial is a great Circle 90 Degrees from either Pole in which Circle are reckoned the Longitude of all places on the Earth from any certain Meridian Assigned which Primary Meridian from whence the Longitude of places in all the Mapps in this Treatise doth Commence is that which passeth through the Island of Pico Teneriffa and from thence Reckoned Eastward round the World The Ecliptique is a great Circle divided by the Equinoctial into two Equal Parts one declining towards the North and the other towards the South the greatest Obliquity being 23 Degrees 30 Minutes The Colures are two great Circles of the Sphere Intersecting each other at Right Angles in the Poles of the World One is called the Solstitial the other the Equinoctial Colure The Solstitial Colure is that which passeth through the Poles of the World and cutteth the Ecliptique in the Points of Cancer and Capricorne The Equinoctial Colure passeth through the Poles of the World and cutteth the Ecliptique and the Equator in the Points of Aries and Libra by which Points the four Seasons of the Year are Distinguished A MAPP OF THE FIVE ZONES The Four Lesser Circles of the Sphere The four lesser Circles of the Sphere are the two Tropiques and the two Polar Circles which Circles Divides the Earth into five broad Spaces called Zones which are distinguished in the following Chapter CHAP. III. Of the Division of the Earth by Zones A Zone is a broad Space of the Earth limited by the Tropiques and the Polar Circles and are five in Number one Torrid or burning Zone two Temperate and two Frozen Zones 1. The Torrid or Burning Zone is that Space of Earth and Sea Contained between the two Tropiques and is 47 Degrees in Breadth 2. The two Temperate Zones are that Space Contained between each Tropique and the Polar Circles one called the North and the other the South Temperate Zone And are each of them 43 Degrees in Breadth 3. The two Frozen Zones are those Spaces Contained between each Polar Circle and the Poles of the world 4. The Inhabitants of those Zones in Respect of the Diversity of their Noon Shadowes are Divided into three Kindes Amphiscii Heteroscii and Periscii 5. Those that inhabit in the Torrid Zone are called Amphiscii because their Noon-shadows are Diversly cast sometimes towards the North and sometimes towards the South according to the Position of the Sun when it is on the North or South side of their Zenith or Vertical Point and their Shadows are cast accordingly viz. If the Sun be to the Northward then their Shadow is cast to the Southward and so on the Contrary 6. Those Inhabitants that live in the Temperate Zones are called Heteroscii because their Noon Shadows are cast but one way and that either North or South Those who live in the North Temperate Zone their Noon Shadows are alwaies cast towards

and Judaism Mahometism possesses Barbary Biledulgerid Egypt Zaara the desart part of the Negroes and a good part of Zangubar Paganism holds part of the Negroes Nubia and Guinea and all the Lower Ethiopia with the Cafrees and some mixture otherwhere Christianity holds in Africa almost all the whole Empire of the Abissines and part of Egypt and by the Portugals in their several Factories and Colonies that they have upon the Coasts of Africa As for Judaism it is scattered in many Cities on the Coast of Barbary as at Morocco Fez Algier c. Likewise in Egypt and on the Confines of the Abassines CHAP. II. Of the Country of Africa in particular Of Barbary THe People in Barbary are of a duskish or blackish Complexion of Stature Tall and well proportioned they are of an Active Disposition for Horsemanship otherwise excessive idle they are very subtil close perfidious inconstant Proud much addicted to Luxury and therefore by consequence very jealous of their Wives whom they keep with great severity and that the more according to their handsomness Their Religon is Mahometism and are for the most part inclined to Literature and Arts. The Moores of Fez and Morocco are well disposed strong active and yet melancholly they may marry four Wives and as many Concubines as they can keep Here the women at the death of their friends assemble themselves together habit themselves in Sackeloath and Ashes and sing a Funeral Dirge to the praise of the deceased and at the end of every Verse howl and cry and this they do for seven days together Of Billedulgerid BIlledulgerid or Land of Dates hath Barbary on the North from whence it is separated by Mount Atlas on the south Zaara on the west the great Ocean Sea and on the East Egypt The Air is healthful they live long are deformed and are held base people ignorant of all things are addicted to Theft Murther and are very deceitful they feed grosly and are great hunters they acknowledge Mahomet Of Zaara ZAara is an Arabian name and signifie Desart The Country is generally hot and dry it hath but little water except some few wells and those salt if there falls great rains the Land is much better but besides the leanness of the soil there is sometimes such vast quantities of Grashoppers that they eat and ruine all that the earth produceth It is so barren and ill Inhabited that a man may travel a week together without seeing a tree or scarce any grass or water The People are Bereberes and Africans almost all follow Mahometism This great desart is divided into five principal parts as is shewed in the Table and Map Of the Land of Negroes THe Negroes are People about the River Niger which hath taken its name from these people and these people from their Colour In this Division are placed several Kingdoms as you will find marshall'd in the Table and what is remarkable in them we shall briefly touch Some of the Kingdoms are rich in Grain Cotton Cattle and Gold the Country of the Negroes is esteemed as fertile as those watred with the Nilo it bears twice a year and each time sufficient to furnish them with Corn for five whole years which makes them not sow the Lands but when they judge they shall have need they keep their Corn in Pits and Ditches under ground which they call Matamores The People are generally idle and ignorant but bear great respect to their Kings Of Guinea GVinea is that part of the Coast of Africa which is found between the River Niger and the Equinoctial Line This Coast from East to West is 7 or 800 Leagues long and not above 100 or 150 in breadth The Soil of Guinea very fertile and for the most part bears twice a year because they have two Summers and two winters The Comodities of the Country are Gold and Elephants Teeth in great abundance in Wax Hides Cotton and Ambergreese and for these Commodities they barter for course Cloath both Lannen and Woolen Red Caps Freez Mantles and Gowns and leather bags Guns Swords Copper Bars and Iron Knives Hammers Axes c. The Inhabitants go naked save about their Waste they tye a piece of Linnen yet very proud and stately in matters of Religion great Idolaters worshiping Beasts on this Coast are several Factories belonging to the Royal African Company Of Congo TO the southward of the Equinoctial Line and unto Cape Negroe lies the Kingdom of Congo and is said to be the fairest of the lower Ethiopia The Inhabitants are naturally very sweet and are able and strong of body but dull and idle their money is of grey shells their Grains Fruits Waters Fowl Sea and River Fish are excellent they have store of Elephants Mines of Silver Iron Chrystal Marble Jaspar Porphyre c. They know no History but by the Reigns of their Kings The most famous Rivers of this Kingdom are the Zaer the Lelunda the Zair descends from the Lane of Zair from whence also descends the Nile The Zaer hath 400 Leagues Course and is very Rapid by reason of the Cataracts or great falls which it hath from the Mountains Of Biafara BIafara is a Kingdom in the lower Ethiopia in the Gulf of St. Thomas by our English-Seamen called the Bight the people very Barbarous their habits made of Mats they adict themselves to Witchcraft and sometimes sacrificing their children to Devils Of Monomotapa THE Monomotapa that is the Emperor King or Soveraign of Motapa and possesses an Empire so great that it is 1000 Leagues Circuit this Prince deports himself with gravity and that there is no access to his person but with very great submissions he is alwayes adorned with Chains and precious stones like a woman The Inhabitants are all black of mean Stature and excellent good footmen that they are said to out-run horses The Woods have great store of Elephants as also other Beasts rich Pastures well surnished with Cattle plenty with Grains Fruits Fowl and is well watered with Rivers in which are abundance of Fish the Air temporate their summer is when we have our winter and their winter is when we have our Summer Of the Abissines THE Empire of the Abissines Heylin makes to be the Dominions of Prester John and saith he is of such great force that he is able to raise upon a sudden occasion a million of fighting men his Government is absolutely Tyrannical The people profess the Christian Religion which was first made known to them by the Eunuch of Queen Candace who was baptized by Philip the Evangelist and more generally by the Preaching of Saint Mathew the Apostle since which they have much swerved from the Purity of the true Religion by their many Corrupt Opinions they keep many of the Ceremonies of the old Law they keep the seventh day Sabbath according to the fourth Commandment they allow their Priests no yearly maintenance neither will they suffer them to beg they get their livelyhood by their own labour