it_o i_o find_v my_o beetle_n as_o lively_a as_o before_o yet_o a_o weight_n of_o lead_n in_o one_o solid_a body_n commensurate_a to_o the_o base_a of_o the_o beetle_n will_v have_v crush_v he_o to_o piece_n so_o that_o the_o non-gravitation_a of_o these_o sinall_z body_n of_o sand_n granner_n and_o shot_n may_v sufficient_o prepare_v our_o mind_n to_o apprehend_v one_o of_o the_o reason_n of_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluids_n which_o though_o fluid_a yet_o be_v not_o disjoin_v as_o in_o those_o former_a instance_n but_o a_o continue_a body_n and_o therefore_o the_o upper_a particle_n thereof_o more_o capable_a of_o support_n from_o those_o subject_v particle_n chap._n v._n concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o fluid_n upon_o subject_v body_n and_o first_o of_o the_o gravitation_n of_o water_n some_o thing_n must_v be_v premise_v before_o i_o come_v to_o the_o main_a matter_n lintend_v herein_o 1._o that_o it_o be_v certain_a water_n have_v a_o intrinsical_v gravity_n of_o its_o own_o as_o it_o be_v a_o heavy_a body_n 2._o and_o consequent_o if_o water_n be_v consider_v separate_a from_o water_n as_o for_o the_o purpose_n when_o it_o be_v put_v into_o a_o vessel_n as_o a_o pail_n bucket_n and_o hollow_a cube_n or_o globe_n the_o water_n and_o the_o vessel_n wherein_o it_o be_v make_v now_o one_o body_n do_v actual_o gravitate_fw-la and_o have_v only_o one_o direction_n of_o its_o motus_fw-la or_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la as_o other_o solid_a body_n have_v namely_o perpendicular_a to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v the_o line_n and_o term_n of_o its_o motion_n so_o that_o some_o have_v by_o computation_n estimate_v that_o a_o cubique_a foot_n of_o water_n weigh_v about_o 65_o pound_n for_o here_o the_o water_n be_v not_o consider_v as_o a_o fluid_a element_n but_o be_v reduce_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o solid_a heavy_a body_n by_o the_o vessel_n wherein_o it_o be_v contain_v and_o include_v which_o together_o with_o it_o make_v up_o one_o body_n and_o consequent_o govern_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o gravitation_n incident_a to_o solid_a body_n viz._n to_o descend_v perpendicular_o therefore_o what_o i_o be_o now_o to_o treat_v of_o be_v touch_v the_o gravitation_n of_o water_n as_o it_o be_v in_o its_o own_o consistency_n a_o fluid_a body_n and_o herein_o far_o these_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v admit_v 1._o that_o the_o gravitation_n of_o the_o fluid_a water_n be_v all_o one_o whether_o it_o be_v in_o the_o great_a vessel_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o ocean_n or_o in_o any_o other_o artificial_a and_o small_a vessel_n as_o a_o tub_n trough_n or_o cistern_n i_o mean_v as_o to_o the_o main_a question_n though_o there_o may_v be_v some_o various_a accidental_a difference_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o strength_n weight_n or_o consistence_n of_o the_o water_n themselves_o therefore_o the_o same_o reason_n will_v be_v of_o the_o gravitation_n or_o non-gravitation_a of_o water_n upon_o a_o subject_v body_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o the_o 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granula_fw-la arenae_fw-la that_o be_v in_o their_o own_o nature_n heavy_a than_o the_o water_n which_o be_v visible_a to_o the_o eye_n in_o great_a river_n and_o much_o more_o in_o the_o sea_n 2._o there_o may_v possible_o be_v suppose_v a_o small_a cap_n or_o cone_n of_o water_n that_o may_v be_v impendent_a upon_o the_o subject_v body_n that_o may_v endure_v some_o inconsiderable_a and_o scarce_o perceptible_a gravitation_n vide_fw-la quae_fw-la dicta_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o sine_fw-la capitis_fw-la 9_o but_o that_o this_o gravitation_n be_v in_o any_o degree_n proportionable_a to_o the_o column_n of_o water_n impend_v upon_o the_o subject_v body_n with_o a_o base_a answerable_a to_o it_o or_o indeed_o that_o it_o be_v any_o considerable_a pressure_n in_o the_o hundred_o degree_n of_o such_o a_o proportion_n be_v most_o certain_o untrue_a and_o if_o i_o shall_v call_v hereunto_o the_o attestation_n of_o divers_a the_o experiment_n of_o the_o tadpole_n and_o fish_n as_o well_o swim_v in_o a_o great_a profundity_n of_o water_n as_o in_o a_o small_a nay_o in_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n compress_v as_o much_o as_o possible_o may_v be_v with_o a_o rammer_n these_o and_o infinite_a instancesmore_n will_v make_v it_o beyond_o contradiction_n that_o such_o pressure_n or_o gravitation_n be_v not_o at_o all_o considerable_a though_o some_o it_o may_v be_v and_o now_o my_o business_n be_v to_o examine_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n namely_o why_o the_o water_n in_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o a_o bucket_n do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la in_o proportion_n answerable_a to_o its_o intrinsic_a gravity_n or_o in_o proportion_n to_o a_o column_n of_o water_n proportion_v in_o base_a to_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o subject_v body_n chap._n vi_o concern_v the_o reason_n assign_v by_o other_o for_o the_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluid_a water_n upon_o subject_v body_n though_o some_o contend_v for_o some_o gravitation_n of_o water_n yet_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o fluid_a water_n do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o subject_v body_n in_o that_o prodigious_a proportion_n of_o weight_n that_o a_o column_n of_o water_n commensurate_n in_o base_a to_o the_o subject_v body_n and_o extend_v from_o they_o to_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n for_o if_o it_o shall_v it_o must_v crush_v the_o subject_v body_n to_o piece_n or_o at_o least_o whole_o suspend_v their_o motion_n for_o such_o a_o column_n of_o water_n ten_o or_o twelve_o fathom_n deep_a impend_v upon_o a_o diver_n will_v amount_v to_o some_o tun_n of_o water_n which_o if_o separate_v in_o a_o vessel_n will_v crush_v all_o his_o bone_n but_o the_o reason_n that_o learned_a man_n have_v assign_v for_o this_o matter_n as_o they_o differ_v among_o themselves_o so_o they_o be_v in_o themselves_o very_o inevident_a and_o unsatisfactory_a which_o as_o near_o as_o i_o apprehend_v they_o be_v much_o of_o what_o follow_v stevinus_n give_v this_o reason_n that_o the_o pressure_n of_o water_n be_v equal_a every_o way_n upward_o downward_o and_o lateral_o and_o therefore_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n be_v thus_o equal_o compress_v every_o way_n by_o the_o circumjacent_a water_n have_v his_o continuity_n preserve_v and_o be_v not_o crush_v by_o the_o impend_a weight_n of_o water_n neither_o feel_v it_o but_o be_v keep_v in_o a_o equal_a state_n and_o aequilibrium_fw-la but_o the_o truth_n be_v this_o leave_v the_o difficulty_n equal_a if_o nor_o worse_o than_o before_o for_o a_o equal_a pressure_n of_o every_o side_n will_v crush_v his_o bowel_n and_o breast_n and_o rib_n into_o a_o intolerable_a condition_n and_o yet_o leave_v he_o to_o the_o severity_n of_o the_o perpendicular_a weight_n nevertheless_o des_fw-mi cartes_n give_v this_o obscure_a and_o scarce_o intelligible_a reason_n of_o it_o which_o as_o near_o as_o i_o apprehend_v he_o be_v thus_o because_o when_o the_o man_n sink_v into_o the_o water_n as_o he_o descend_v the_o subjacent_a water_n take_v the_o room_n that_o his_o body_n leave_v but_o this_o salve_v not_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o non-gravitation_a of_o the_o column_n of_o water_n when_o once_o get_v above_o he_o mersenius_n salve_v it_o as_o he_o think_v by_o the_o doctrine_n of_o archimedes_n de_fw-fr insidentibus_fw-la humido_fw-la namely_o that_o any_o give_v portion_n of_o water_n suffer_v no_o weight_n by_o the_o superior_a portion_n of_o water_n because_o they_o be_v all_o of_o one_o equal_a gravity_n and_o therefore_o every_o part_n of_o water_n sit_v quiet_a in_o any_o situs_fw-la give_v without_o gravitation_n or_o be_v gravitate_v by_o any_o portion_n of_o itself_o and_o that_o body_n heavy_a than_o water_n as_o the_o body_n of_o man_n be_v lose_v so_o much_o of_o their_o natural_a weight_n when_o in_o the_o water_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o such_o a_o quantity_n of_o water_n as_o be_v commensurate_a to_o the_o bulk_n of_o that_o heavy_a body_n so_o that_o it_o have_v no_o more_o than_o what_o it_o
which_o be_v analogical_a to_o a_o vital_a principle_n exert_v this_o power_n but_o it_o serve_v my_o turn_n at_o this_o time_n to_o call_v it_o a_o intrinsic_a quality_n of_o heavy_a body_n gravitation_n be_v either_o motion_n itself_o or_o the_o conatus_fw-la or_o nisus_fw-la admotum_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o according_a to_o that_o linea_fw-la directionis_fw-la whereby_o or_o according_a to_o which_o the_o motion_n of_o body_n be_v direct_v not_o improper_a to_o say_v that_o according_a to_o that_o line_n of_o direction_n these_o body_n do_v gravitare_fw-la and_o although_o ordinary_o the_o line_n of_o direction_n of_o heavy_a body_n natural_o be_v towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o a_o perpendicular_a descent_n which_o be_v the_o ordinary_a motion_n of_o gravitation_n and_o be_v great_a or_o lesser_a according_a to_o the_o strength_n weakness_n or_o allay_v of_o this_o nisus_fw-la or_o conatus_fw-la yet_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o incongruous_a to_o say_v that_o every_o thing_n that_o have_v a_o nisus_fw-la or_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la do_v in_o some_o sort_n gravitate_fw-la according_a to_o the_o degree_n and_o line_n of_o such_o direction_n and_o thus_o fluid_v though_o the_o primitive_a line_n of_o the_o direction_n of_o their_o gravitation_n may_v be_v perpendicular_a yet_o fluid_n have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o natural_a direction_n or_o gravitation_n otherways_o and_o some_o fluid_n may_v have_v a_o accidental_a gravitation_n otherways_o for_o instance_n water_n though_o it_o have_v its_o primitive_a line_n of_o direction_n of_o its_o motion_n downward_o to_o the_o centre_n yet_o it_o have_v line_n of_o direction_n of_o its_o motion_n otherways_o as_o lateral_o or_o per_fw-la declive_a and_o in_o some_o instance_n per_fw-la ascensum_fw-la whereof_o hereafter_o and_o consequent_o gravitates_fw-la every_o of_o those_o way_n for_o as_o i_o say_v before_o gravitation_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o motion_n or_o at_o lest_o conatus_fw-la or_o nisus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o real_a incongruity_n to_o say_v that_o fire_n or_o gunpowder_n do_v gravitate_fw-la in_o its_o line_n of_o ascension_n or_o expansion_n that_o the_o bullet_n when_o shoot_v upright_o do_v gravitate_fw-la ascendendo_fw-la when_o it_o be_v shoot_v level_v it_o gravitates_fw-la horizontal_o as_o long_o as_o that_o force_n prevail_v against_o its_o natural_a motion_n of_o descent_n for_o as_o to_o this_o purpose_n gravitation_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o motus_fw-la or_o nisus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la secundum_fw-la in_o line_n be_fw-mi directionis_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o when_o a_o weight_n of_o 10_o or_o 20l._n be_v in_o the_o scale_n a_o and_o nothing_o in_o the_o scale_n b_o a_o percussion_n with_o a_o hand_n or_o hammer_n in_o the_o scale_n b_o that_o move_v the_o scale_n a_o with_o its_o weight_n from_o the_o horizontal_n plane_n wherein_o it_o stand_v be_v true_o say_v praegravitare_fw-la to_o the_o weight_n and_o scale_n at_o a._n chap._n iii_o concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o solid_a body_n and_o their_o part_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o every_o solid_a body_n separate_v from_o the_o earth_n have_v a_o actual_a pressure_n or_o gravitation_n or_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o its_o proper_a line_n of_o direction_n i_o speak_v not_o here_o of_o the_o centre_n of_o gravity_n of_o the_o body_n themselves_o de_fw-la quo_fw-la vide_fw-la sis_fw-la galdinum_n gondicburldum_n &_o stephinum_fw-la yea_o if_o a_o body_n be_v a_o fluid_a body_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v sever_v from_o a_o body_n of_o its_o own_o nature_n by_o a_o vessel_n contain_v it_o this_o fluid_a body_n in_o this_o consistency_n obtain_v the_o natural_a rule_n and_o reason_n of_o a_o solid_a body_n consist_v of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o vessel_n contain_v it_o as_o for_o instance_n water_n in_o a_o pail_n or_o bucket_n as_o so_o state_v have_v in_o it_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o solid_a body_n and_o the_o gravitation_n thereof_o be_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o centre_n which_o be_v its_o proper_a line_n of_o direction_n and_o so_o air_n include_v in_o a_o bladder_n though_o it_o swim_v in_o water_n yet_o do_v gravitate_fw-la in_o some_o measure_n as_o other_o solid_a body_n do_v and_o descend_v natural_o to_o this_o centre_n yea_o a_o portion_n of_o water_n by_o itself_o be_v pour_v out_o of_o a_o vessel_n from_o the_o top_n of_o a_o tower_n or_o steeple_n have_v its_o line_n of_o direction_n through_o the_o air_n to_o the_o centre_n and_o will_v follow_v and_o gravitate_fw-la in_o that_o line_n of_o perpendicular_a descent_n for_o though_o it_o be_v a_o fluid_a body_n in_o itself_o yet_o relative_o to_o the_o air_n be_v a_o light_a body_n through_o which_o it_o move_v it_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o solid_a body_n and_o yet_o in_o a_o great_a descent_n the_o acceleration_n of_o its_o motion_n and_o the_o renitence_n of_o the_o air_n will_v break_v it_o into_o drop_n or_o dew_n before_o it_o come_v to_o the_o bottom_n in_o a_o great_a descent_n but_o though_o solid_a body_n do_v actual_o gravitate_fw-la yet_o if_o they_o be_v continue_v the_o part_n thereof_o do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la one_o upon_o another_o because_o mutual_o and_o mechanical_o sustain_v one_o by_o another_o and_o in_o a_o state_n of_o continuity_n as_o a_o bowl_n of_o ebony_n that_o may_v weigh_v 10l_n yet_o the_o upper_a part_n or_o quarter_n thereof_o while_o in_o continuity_n do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o low_a for_o if_o a_o hole_n be_v bore_v through_o the_o bowl_n yet_o the_o upper_a part_n thereof_o will_v not_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o cavity_n for_o the_o reason_n before_o give_v and_o therefore_o the_o vast_a body_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o its_o own_o centre_n because_o though_o all_o the_o part_n thereof_o be_v perchance_o not_o simple_o continue_v as_o a_o stone_n or_o piece_n of_o wood_n yet_o partly_o by_o their_o mutual_a compression_n one_o to_o another_o and_o partly_o by_o the_o intervention_n of_o the_o cement_n of_o water_n they_o be_v quasi_fw-la unum_fw-la continuum_fw-la again_o if_o we_o shall_v suppose_v that_o the_o vast_a body_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a solid_a invert_v cones_n or_o pyramid_n and_o that_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o lesser_a globe_n of_o soft_a wax_n or_o quicksilver_n or_o other_o soft_a matter_n suppose_v a_o mile_n in_o diameter_n and_o that_o each_o cone_n or_o pyramid_n have_v a_o part_n of_o the_o acute_a end_n cut_v off_o to_o be_v contiguous_a to_o this_o globe_n of_o wax_n yet_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o they_o shall_v press_v or_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o that_o globe_n of_o wax_n because_o they_o will_v be_v each_o support_v one_o by_o another_o as_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o follow_a figure_n a_o the_o globe_n of_o wax_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o earth_n b_o the_o earth_n c_o c_o c_o the_o several_a divide_v invert_v cones_n for_o the_o upper_a base_n of_o every_o cone_n be_v large_a than_o the_o acute_a part_n thereof_o every_o cone_n will_v be_v support_v by_o his_o fellow_n without_o any_o gravitation_n upon_o the_o clobe_n as_o a._n yea_o and_o it_o will_v fall_v out_o to_o be_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n though_o we_o shall_v suppose_v that_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o some_o have_v suppose_v to_o be_v 7000_o miles_n diameter_n shall_v be_v but_o 1000_o mile_n in_o earth_n and_o the_o other_o 6000_o mile_n to_o be_v a_o globe_n of_o water_n or_o some_o fluid_a body_n for_o the_o reason_n before_o give_v and_o this_o by_o the_o way_n may_v show_v the_o mistake_n of_o their_o supposition_n that_o think_v the_o impendent_a column_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n which_o they_o think_v to_o be_v seven_o mile_n high_a be_v a_o bare_a column_n commensurate_a in_o its_o top_n and_o bottom_n for_o it_o can_v be_v so_o but_o at_o the_o most_o be_v a_o invert_v cone_n or_o pyramid_n considerable_o wide_o at_o seven_o miles_n distance_n than_o it_o be_v at_o the_o earth_n which_o if_o consider_v will_v trouble_v their_o explication_n of_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n upon_o a_o account_n of_o the_o actual_a gravitation_n of_o a_o column_n of_o air._n chap._n iu._n concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o solid_a body_n in_o contiguity_n and_o not_o in_o continuity_n the_o law_n of_o statiques_n do_v infallible_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o weight_n a_o incumbent_n upon_o the_o staff_n b_o which_o at_o both_o extremity_n be_v support_v by_o c_o and_o d_o that_z c_z bear_v but_o one_o half_a of_o the_o weight_n a_o and_o d_o the_o other_o half_a and_o consequent_o if_o there_o be_v another_o staff_n set_v on_o cross_n from_o e_o to_o f_o of_o the_o same_o length_n each_o supporter_n will_v bear_v but_o a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o weight_n this_o be_v premise_v
what_o i_o mean_v and_o his_o own_o observation_n will_v furnish_v he_o with_o experiment_n either_o to_o confute_v or_o to_o confirm_v what_o i_o have_v say_v and_o thus_o far_o touch_v the_o non-gravitation_a of_o water_n &_o the_o reason_n thereof_o which_o may_v be_v as_o i_o think_v applicable_a to_o all_o other_o fluid_a body_n as_o oil_n yea_o quicksilver_n it_o self_n at_o least_o in_o a_o great_a degree_n and_o by_o analogy_n of_o reason_n though_o i_o have_v not_o have_v opportunity_n to_o experiment_n it_o chap._n ix_o certain_a consequence_n or_o consectary_n draw_v from_o what_o have_v be_v before_o say_v from_o what_o have_v be_v before_o express_v in_o the_o two_o former_a chapter_n these_o thing_n seem_v natural_o to_o follow_v 1._o that_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o low_a part_n of_o that_o fluid_a body_n 2._o that_o if_o any_o body_n of_o equal_a weight_n with_o the_o fluid_a be_v within_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o fluid_a body_n the_o fluid_a body_n do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o it_o nor_o it_o upon_o the_o subject_v fluid_a body_n but_o every_o part_n hold_v its_o station_n 3._o that_o a_o fluid_a body_n contain_v within_o a_o solid_a vessel_n do_v not_o with_o its_o full_a weight_n gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o base_a of_o that_o vessel_n that_o contain_v it_o as_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o of_o the_o water_n in_o a_o bucket_n do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la with_o its_o full_a weight_n upon_o the_o entire_a base_a that_o sustain_v it_o and_o this_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o natural_a consistency_n and_o frame_n of_o fluids_n not_o pure_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o mechanical_a sustentation_n which_o must_v be_v agree_v somewhere_o to_o gravitate_fw-la though_o not_o upon_o all_o part_n as_o have_v be_v show_v 4._o though_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o entire_a bulk_n and_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o sea_n or_o a_o vessel_n might_n gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o entire_a base_a which_o yet_o be_v not_o admit_v yet_o the_o parallel_a part_n of_o water_n do_v not_o entire_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o a_o part_n proportionable_a to_o they_o for_o instance_n suppose_v a_o cube_n of_o water_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o nine_o inch_n square_a if_o we_o shall_v suppose_v the_o whole_a cube_n shall_v gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o base_a yet_o the_o column_n of_o three_o inch_n square_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o cube_n will_v not_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o three_o inch_n square_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o base_a of_o the_o cube_n even_o for_o the_o mechanical_a reason_n above_o give_v 5._o that_o consequent_o no_o body_n heavy_a than_o water_n in_o the_o base_a of_o fund_z do_v sustain_v a_o weight_n of_o water_n proportionable_a to_o such_o a_o column_n of_o water_n as_o be_v in_o the_o base_a and_o top_n commensurate_a to_o the_o amplitude_n of_o the_o body_n in_o the_o fund_z or_o bottom_n i_o shall_v add_v this_o unpolished_a experiment_n for_o the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o chap._n namely_o i_o make_v a_o experiment_n touch_v the_o weight_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o lead_n in_o several_a depth_n of_o water_n i_o can_v build_v much_o upon_o it_o because_o my_o opportunity_n for_o it_o be_v not_o exact_a nor_o such_o as_o other_o may_v have_v yet_o i_o shall_v offer_v it_o other_o may_v make_v or_o possible_o have_v make_v it_o with_o more_o exactness_n i_o take_v a_o flat_a round_a cake_n of_o lead_n of_o four_o inch_n diameter_n and_o make_v four_o hole_n in_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o it_o i_o suspend_v it_o parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n upon_o a_o packthrid_n of_o five_o foot_n long_o and_o hang_v it_o to_o the_o end_n of_o a_o balance_n like_o the_o dish_n or_o scale_n and_o counterpoise_v the_o lead_n and_o packthrid_n by_o a_o weight_n impose_v in_o the_o other_o scale_n the_o lead_n and_o packthrid_n in_o arido_fw-la weigh_n ten_o ounce_n and_o as_o much_o as_o the_o dish_n wherein_o the_o ten_o ounce_n be_v place_v which_o possible_o may_v be_v about_o two_o ounce_n more_o in_o all_o about_o 12_o ounce_n in_o a_o vessel_n above_o four_o foot_n deep_a in_o water_n i_o immerse_v the_o lead_n four_o foot_n deep_a in_o water_n and_o then_o as_o it_o needs_o must_v by_o the_o grossness_n of_o the_o medium_n it_o lose_v part_n of_o its_o gravitation_n and_o weigh_v only_o eight_o ounce_n ½_o ¼_n beside_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o opposite_a scale_n then_o take_v up_o the_o string_n short_a i_o immerse_v it_o only_o in_o a_o foot_n depth_n of_o water_n but_o yet_o it_o gain_v no_o more_o weight_n that_o i_o can_v perceive_v but_o weigh_v as_o before_o one_o ounce_n ½_o ¼_n but_o indeed_o immerse_v it_o only_o in_o one_o inch_n of_o water_n below_o the_o superficies_n it_o increase_v its_o weight_n near_o ⅛_n of_o of_o a_o ounce_n for_o the_o lead_v weigh_v one_o ounce_n ½_o ¼_n ⅛_n of_o a_o ounce_n or_o very_o near_o thereabouts_o beside_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o opposite_a scale_n or_o dish_n by_o this_o rude_a experiment_n it_o seem_v the_o column_n of_o four_o foot_n of_o water_n gravitate_v no_o more_o than_o one_o foot_n of_o water_n for_o if_o it_o have_v any_o accession_n of_o weight_n it_o be_v not_o perceptible_a yet_o according_a to_o stevinus_n calculation_n in_o his_o four_o book_n of_o his_o hydrostatic_o which_o yet_o i_o do_v not_o altogether_o allow_v that_o a_o cubique_a foot_n of_o water_n weigh_v 65_o pound_n the_o proportion_n of_o the_o column_n of_o 4._o foot_n amount_v to_o about_o 567_o square_a inch_n which_o be_v about_o 8_o pound_n but_o the_o column_n of_o one_o foot_n be_v but_o 144_o inch_n which_o be_v but_o about_o two_o pound_n weight_n of_o water_n i_o do_v not_o trouble_v myself_o with_o curiosity_n in_o calculation_n but_o it_o suffice_v to_o give_v some_o account_n of_o the_o imperceptibleness_n or_o at_o least_o inconsiderableness_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o gravitation_n of_o water_n in_o various_a depth_n chap._n x._o concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o the_o air._n i_o do_v not_o intend_v here_o to_o make_v any_o large_a discourse_n upon_o this_o point_n because_o indeed_o it_o deserve_v a_o large_a examination_n than_o this_o portion_n of_o paper_n that_o remain_v will_v afford_v to_o unrivet_v that_o opinion_n touch_v the_o gravitation_n of_o free_a air_n with_o which_o many_o have_v please_v themselves_o and_o thereby_o endeavour_v to_o reduce_v the_o solution_n of_o problem_n and_o appearance_n in_o nature_n but_o be_v therein_o as_o i_o think_v deceive_v that_o the_o air_n may_v have_v gravitation_n it_o be_v seclude_v from_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n by_o a_o vessel_n as_o well_o as_o water_n as_o in_o a_o bladder_n none_o that_o i_o know_v do_v much_o deny_v that_o the_o interspersion_n in_o the_o air_n of_o halitus_fw-la terrestres_fw-la &_o vapores_fw-la aquosi_n may_v have_v and_o have_v some_o gravitation_n more_o than_o what_o belong_v to_o pure_a air_n i_o shall_v not_o question_v but_o that_o the_o air_n yea_o or_o atmosphere_n have_v that_o prodigious_a gravitation_n that_o the_o late_a master_n of_o experiment_n have_v attribute_v to_o it_o be_v i_o suppose_v a_o mistake_a assertion_n as_o for_o instance_n that_o upon_o a_o restagnant_fw-la vessel_n of_o three_o inch_n diameter_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a column_n of_o air_n actual_o gravitate_v upon_o that_o restagnant_fw-la vessel_n of_o quicksilver_n and_o commensurate_a to_o the_o base_a thereof_o and_o extend_v from_o the_o same_o to_o the_o upper_a surface_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n which_o they_o suppose_v to_o be_v 6_o or_o 7_o mile_n shall_v counterpoise_v a_o suspend_v column_n of_o quicksilver_n which_o may_v be_v 2_o 3_o 4_o or_o 5_o pound_n according_a to_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o tube_n this_o i_o say_v seem_v to_o i_o but_o a_o imagination_n and_o impossible_a to_o be_v true_a and_o will_v choke_v all_o animal_n on_o the_o earth_n in_o two_o minute_n if_o it_o be_v so_o for_o the_o plain_a truth_n be_v the_o air_n no_o nor_o yet_o the_o atmosphere_n notwithstanding_o its_o interspersion_n have_v no_o considerable_a gravitation_n upon_o subject_v body_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v in_o effect_n before_o give_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o water_n and_o its_o gravitation_n but_o with_o much_o great_a advantage_n applicable_a to_o the_o air._n 1._o the_o body_n of_o the_o air_n be_v not_o only_a quid_fw-la continuum_fw-la but_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v so_o contiguate_v like_o a_o net_n that_o each_o part_n support_v another_o and_o it_o be_v as_o impossible_a that_o one_o part_n shall_v gravitate_fw-la considerable_o upon_o any_o subject_v body_n as_o the_o arch_n of_o westminster_n abby_n shall_v gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o people_n in_o the_o church_n 2._o the_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la and_o consequent_o the_o gravitation_n of_o the_o air_n be_v quoquoversum_fw-la viz._n sursum_fw-la deorsum_fw-la dextrorsum_fw-la sinistrorsum_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o will_v come_v down_o my_o chimney_n and_o in_o at_o my_o door_n and_o up_o my_o stair_n and_o these_o various_a conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la of_o the_o air_n and_o of_o its_o particle_n do_v necessary_o refract_v any_o gravitation_n that_o it_o may_v imaginable_o have_v per_fw-la lineam_fw-la perpendicularem_fw-la descensus_fw-la and_o render_v it_o equable_v and_o disengage_v from_o any_o one_o line_n of_o presence_n and_o by_o this_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la i_o mean_v not_o that_o imaginary_a elaterium_n which_o some_o have_v call_v in_o to_o the_o aid_n of_o their_o solution_n of_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n which_o i_o must_v needs_o say_v needs_o more_o help_n than_o one_o for_o though_o air_n violent_o compress_v as_o in_o wind-gun_n have_v its_o conatus_fw-la of_o restitution_n to_o its_o natural_a staple_n and_o be_v expanded_a by_o rarifaction_n have_v its_o natural_a motion_n or_o conatus_fw-la of_o restitution_n to_o its_o due_a consistency_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o torricellian_a and_o divers_a other_o experiment_n yet_o the_o great_a elaterium_n of_o the_o air_n in_o its_o natural_a consistence_n call_v in_o by_o some_o to_o help_v at_o a_o lift_n as_o it_o have_v little_a evidence_n so_o it_o contribute_v less_o to_o the_o solution_n indeed_o it_o have_v a_o fluidity_n great_a than_o water_n and_o therefore_o be_v movable_a to_o all_o place_n for_o its_o reception_n it_o be_v compressible_a which_o water_n be_v not_o but_o for_o any_o elaterium_fw-la or_o such_o considerable_a expansion_n of_o itself_o as_o to_o offer_v any_o force_n to_o other_o body_n seem_v unwarrant_v by_o reason_n or_o experience_n or_o common_a sense_n unless_o where_o by_o violence_n or_o accident_n compress_v or_o expanded_a beyond_o its_o natural_a size_n but_o i_o do_v not_o at_o present_a pursue_v this_o matter_n to_o all_o its_o refuge_n it_o require_v more_o time_n and_o paper_n and_o will_v exceed_v the_o bound_n of_o my_o intend_a pamphlet_n and_o beside_o the_o discussion_n beforego_v touch_v the_o reason_n of_o non-gravitation_a of_o water_n render_v that_o concern_v non-gravitation_a of_o air_n easy_o intelligible_a and_o applicable_a to_o it_o with_o much_o great_a advantage_n of_o reason_n and_o evidence_n finis_fw-la
essay_n touch_v the_o gravitation_n or_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluid_a body_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o london_n print_v by_o w._n godbid_v for_o william_n shrewsbury_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o bible_n in_o duck-lane_n 1673._o the_o content_n chap._n i._n the_o introduction_n pag._n 1_o chap._n ii_o of_o gravity_n and_o gravitation_n and_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o the_o latter_a pag._n 9_o chap._n iii_o concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o solid_a body_n and_o there_o part_n pag._n 13_o chap._n iu_o concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o solid_a body_n in_o contiguity_n and_o not_o in_o continuity_n pag._n 19_o chap._n v._o concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o fluid_n upon_o subject_v body_n and_o first_o of_o the_o gravitation_n of_o water_n pag._n 30_o chap._n vi_o concern_v the_o reason_n assign_v by_o other_o for_o the_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluid_a water_n upon_o subject_v body_n pag._n 37_o chap._n vii_o concern_v the_o most_o probable_a solution_n of_o the_o phaenomenon_n of_o the_o non-gravitation_a of_o water_n in_o its_o fluid_a consistence_n pag._n 48_o chap._n viii_o the_o second_o and_o principal_a reason_n of_o the_o non-gravitation_a of_o water_n upon_o itself_o or_o a_o subject_v animal_n or_o other_o body_n pag._n 58_o chap._n ix_o certain_a consequence_n or_o consectary_n draw_v from_o what_o have_v be_v before_o say_v pag._n 78_o chap._n x._o concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o the_o air_n pag._n 83_o concern_v gravitation_n of_o fluid_n upon_o subject_v body_n chap._n i._n the_o introduction_n i_o have_v consider_v the_o noble_a problem_n touch_v the_o gravitation_n or_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluid_n upon_o the_o body_n subject_v to_o they_o and_o of_o those_o several_a solution_n and_o supposition_n touch_v the_o same_o give_v by_o the_o great_a wit_n of_o latter_a age_n which_o i_o shall_v in_o their_o due_a place_n more_o particular_o examine_v and_o i_o must_v needs_o commend_v the_o industry_n of_o this_o latter_a age_n in_o the_o invent_v and_o exhibit_v of_o very_a choice_n experiment_n as_o in_o relation_n to_o some_o other_o philosophical_a essay_n so_o in_o particular_a touch_v this_o phenomenon_n of_o the_o gravitation_n or_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluids_n but_o yet_o i_o must_v further_o add_v that_o though_o their_o experiment_n herein_o have_v be_v search_v out_o and_o form_v with_o great_a ingenuity_n industry_n curiosity_n and_o expense_n yet_o their_o solution_n of_o they_o and_o the_o supposition_n and_o reason_n whereunto_o they_o have_v reduce_v they_o have_v be_v in_o my_o understanding_n very_o unsatisfactory_a and_o inevident_a if_o not_o whole_o untrue_a and_o inexplicable_a and_o the_o reason_n hereof_o seem_v to_o be_v principal_o these_o viz._n 1._o that_o man_n have_v preingaged_n themselves_o and_o their_o judgement_n in_o the_o assertion_n and_o maintenance_n of_o certain_a preconceive_a hypothesis_n and_o principle_n which_o they_o have_v invent_v and_o be_v therefore_o extreme_o addict_v to_o and_o unwilling_a to_o hear_v or_o receive_v any_o thing_n that_o may_v render_v their_o labour_n herein_o vain_a and_o fruitless_a and_o upon_o that_o account_n have_v not_o without_o much_o partiality_n misapply_v and_o misappropriate_v their_o experiment_n and_o the_o solution_n of_o they_o in_o favour_n of_o such_o hypothesis_n as_o they_o have_v once_o invent_v or_o entertain_v and_o with_o too_o much_o prejudice_n reject_v any_o other_o solution_n that_o may_v either_o overthrow_n or_o at_o least_o not_o gratify_v such_o preconceive_a supposition_n 2._o that_o man_n have_v not_o strict_o enough_o consider_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o gravitation_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o 3._o that_o they_o have_v not_o enough_o take_v into_o consideration_n those_o several_a accidental_a as_o i_o may_v call_v they_o intervention_n that_o abate_v impede_fw-la advance_v or_o direct_v the_o gravitation_n of_o body_n though_o in_o themselves_o heavy_a and_o tend_v to_o the_o centre_n i_o do_v not_o intend_v to_o make_v a_o full_a tract_n concern_v gravity_n or_o gravitation_n those_o that_o mind_n to_o trouble_v themselves_o therein_o may_v at_o their_o leisure_n consult_v those_o excellent_a man_n that_o have_v write_v at_o large_a of_o this_o subject_n as_o archimedes_n de_fw-fr insidentibus_fw-la humido_fw-la mersenius_n and_o stevinus_n their_o hydrostaticks_n and_o although_o i_o can_v subscribe_v to_o all_o that_o the_o two_o latter_a have_v write_v in_o this_o subject_n yet_o i_o must_v needs_o say_v that_o i_o think_v little_a of_o moment_n have_v be_v add_v to_o their_o principle_n and_o demonstration_n by_o late_a writer_n only_o some_o new_a experiment_n have_v be_v add_v by_o late_a writer_n bottom_v upon_o the_o doctrine_n and_o experiment_n of_o these_o ancient_n i_o shall_v therefore_o direct_v all_o i_o have_v to_o say_v principal_o to_o this_o one_o matter_n or_o point_n namely_o the_o gravitation_n or_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluid_n upon_o subject_v body_n and_o the_o degree_n and_o reason_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n and_o though_o it_o may_v possible_o happen_v that_o what_o i_o say_v herein_o may_v as_o little_o satisfy_v other_o as_o their_o supposition_n have_v satisfy_v i_o and_o though_o my_o explication_n of_o my_o thought_n herein_o and_o the_o application_n of_o my_o experiment_n thereunto_o may_v not_o be_v so_o clear_a and_o well_o word_v as_o other_o of_o this_o subject_n have_v be_v yet_o i_o have_v this_o apology_n for_o these_o defect_n 1._o that_o what_o i_o now_o write_v though_o it_o have_v be_v long_o upon_o my_o thought_n be_v write_v raptim_fw-la and_o hasty_o 2._o that_o i_o do_v not_o know_v that_o the_o path_n i_o walk_v herein_o be_v ever_o before_o tread_v by_o any_o else_o 3._o it_o be_v but_o a_o essay_n and_o take_v not_o up_o many_o hour_n in_o writing_n and_o will_v take_v up_o much_o less_o in_o read_v thereof_o and_o this_o i_o premise_v not_o to_o arrogate_v singularity_n to_o myself_o or_o to_o please_v myself_o in_o be_v the_o first_o inventor_n of_o this_o explication_n for_o possible_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o that_o it_o may_v bescarce_o worth_a the_o own_n when_o well_o examine_v by_o better_a judgement_n and_o possible_o i_o myself_o may_v retract_v some_o thing_n in_o it_o upon_o better_a reason_n discover_v yea_o and_o possible_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o that_o some_o other_o have_v have_v a_o more_o early_a conception_n of_o it_o than_o myself_o and_o may_v have_v dress_v it_o in_o better_a order_n and_o indeed_o it_o will_v be_v some_o confirmation_n to_o i_o if_o it_o be_v so_o though_o i_o have_v not_o yet_o know_v or_o hear_v of_o any_o such_o anticipation_n i_o have_v see_v many_o man_n very_o confident_a in_o the_o supposition_n which_o they_o have_v find_v out_o and_o yet_o upon_o on_o full_a examination_n their_o mistake_n have_v be_v discover_v and_o although_o i_o think_v that_o i_o have_v lay_v down_o true_a supposition_n yet_o i_o will_v 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intrinsic_a form_n of_o the_o heavy_a body_n themselves_o
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that_o actual_a gravitation_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v either_o motion_n or_o conatus_fw-la or_o nisus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la and_o therefore_o let_v the_o body_n be_v never_o so_o intrinsical_o heavy_a yet_o if_o even_o by_o accident_n much_o more_o if_o by_o the_o natural_a consistency_n thereof_o that_o nisus_fw-la or_o conatus_fw-la be_v suspend_v or_o correct_v the_o gravitation_n abate_v for_o instance_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v intrinsical_o heavy_a and_o the_o heavy_a of_o all_o element_n that_o we_o know_v of_o yet_o whether_o we_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n or_o that_o the_o sun_n be_v that_o centre_n and_o the_o earth_n in_o its_o magnus_fw-la orbis_n move_v about_o it_o yet_o it_o have_v no_o gravitation_n to_o incline_v it_o to_o change_v its_o place_n or_o its_o circular_a motion_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o it_o have_v no_o nisus_fw-la or_o conatus_fw-la to_o any_o other_o
position_n or_o place_n then_o what_o it_o have_v again_o in_o matter_n artificial_a it_o be_v plain_a that_o a_o pound_n of_o lead_n have_v its_o natural_a motion_n by_o a_o perpendicular_a direction_n and_o line_n to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o its_o gravitation_n upon_o my_o hand_n namely_o its_o nisus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la and_o as_o any_o body_n have_v the_o great_a nisus_fw-la or_o conatus_fw-la than_o another_o so_o it_o have_v the_o great_a actual_a gravitation_n as_o gold_n more_o than_o quicksilver_n that_o than_o lead_v that_o than_o tin_n quantity_n for_o quantity_n but_o if_o i_o take_v a_o pair_n of_o scale_n and_o in_o one_o scale_n put_v a_o pound_n of_o lead_n and_o in_o another_o half_n a_o pound_n i_o check_v and_o abate_v its_o conatus_fw-la and_o consequent_o its_o gravitation_n and_o it_o have_v but_o half_a the_o vigour_n of_o gravitation_n as_o it_o have_v before_o and_o if_o i_o counterpoise_v it_o in_o the_o other_o scale_n with_o a_o full_a equal_a weight_n i_o suspend_v total_o its_o gravitation_n and_o it_o shall_v ascend_v or_o descend_v with_o a_o small_a advantage_n of_o a_o grain_n add_v to_o the_o opposite_a scale_n or_o to_o this_o and_o still_o the_o reason_n be_v the_o same_o the_o nisus_fw-la or_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la and_o consequent_o the_o actual_a gravitation_n depend_v upon_o it_o be_v check_v by_o the_o countermotion_n of_o the_o opposite_a scale_n that_o therefore_o which_o i_o must_v perform_v in_o the_o application_n of_o this_o reason_n consist_v of_o these_o part_n or_o proposition_n 1._o the_o first_o proposition_n which_o be_v this_o that_o which_o have_v several_a direction_n or_o line_n of_o its_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la must_v needs_o have_v several_a direction_n of_o its_o gravitation_n 2._o that_o body_n which_o have_v several_a line_n or_o direction_n of_o its_o gravitation_n various_o direct_v can_v entire_o gravitate_fw-la 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3._o again_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o water_n in_o any_o vessel_n have_v conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la per_fw-la declive_a in_o all_o point_n between_o a_o line_n parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o line_n of_o its_o perpendicular_a gravitation_n according_a to_o this_o rude_a diagram_n in_o the_o vessel_n of_o water_n a._n and_o although_o for_o description_n sake_n i_o make_v these_o line_n of_o direction_n per_fw-la declive_a to_o be_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n yet_o i_o think_v it_o improper_a and_o indeed_o impossible_a to_o show_v or_o define_v from_o what_o point_n of_o the_o water_n this_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la per_fw-la declive_a begin_v nay_o far_o it_o seem_v evident_a that_o water_n be_v a_o homogeneal_a body_n every_o assignable_a particle_n of_o water_n have_v this_o direction_n of_o descensus_fw-la per_fw-la declive_a as_o all_o other_o direction_n incident_a to_o its_o fluid_a nature_n as_o well_o 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consequent_o the_o gravitation_n that_o way_n strong_a than_o in_o any_o one_o other_o line_n of_o direction_n of_o its_o gravitation_n
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cubique_a foot_n of_o water_n weigh_v about_o 65_o pound_n which_o i_o have_v not_o experiment_v and_o therefore_o can_v assert_v but_o i_o will_v suppose_v as_o make_v best_o for_o the_o explication_n of_o what_o i_o intend_v it_o weigh_v but_o twelve_o pound_n and_o this_o be_v the_o entire_a perpendicular_a weight_n of_o this_o portion_n of_o water_n for_o ex_fw-la supposito_fw-la it_o weigh_v no_o more_o be_v put_v into_o a_o bucket_n &_o weigh_v in_o a_o pair_n of_o scale_n with_o due_a allowance_n for_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o it_o be_v impossible_a it_o shall_v be_v more_o in_o the_o whole_a than_o the_o weight_n suppose_v but_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o direction_n of_o this_o weight_n of_o twelve_o pound_n allow_v to_o the_o water_n while_o it_o be_v in_o the_o bucket_n be_v not_o only_o perpendicular_a upon_o the_o base_a but_o lateral_o upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n that_o contain_v it_o and_o every_o side_n of_o this_o cube_n of_o water_n 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receive_v a_o obstruction_n in_o that_o motion_n by_o the_o strong_a side_n and_o contignation_n of_o the_o bucket_n but_o the_o bucket_n of_o water_n be_v now_o become_v as_o one_o solid_a body_n and_o gravitates_fw-la according_a to_o a_o solid_a body_n viz._n per_fw-la lineam_fw-la descensionis_fw-la and_o not_o as_o a_o fluid_fw-la quoquoversum_fw-la and_o though_o the_o fluid_a water_n within_o the_o bucket_n press_v upon_o all_o part_n of_o the_o bucket_n according_a to_o its_o natural_a and_o various_a tendency_n yet_o it_o go_v no_o far_o nor_o do_v the_o side_n of_o the_o bucket_n press_v upon_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n or_o medium_n be_v sufficient_o secure_v by_o its_o strength_n and_o firmness_n and_o not_o yield_v to_o the_o conatus_fw-la or_o nisus_fw-la of_o the_o include_v water_n many_o other_o instance_n and_o experiment_n may_v be_v add_v for_o the_o evince_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o supposition_n but_o if_o i_o make_v myself_o intelligible_a to_o the_o reader_n these_o be_v sufficient_a to_o explicate_v