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esq_n benjamin_n woodroff_n d._n d._n canon_n of_o ch._n ch._n oxon_n sr._n peter_n wyche_n lady_n wymondesold_n of_o putney_n tho._n wyndham_n esq_n groom_n of_o the_o bedchamber_n john_n wyvell_n minister_n by_o rochester_n richard_n ld._n arch_n bp._n of_o york_n robert_n earl_n of_o yarmouth_n robert_n yard_n esq_n john_n yardley_n m._n d._n col._n med._n lond._n s._n hon._n tho._n yate_n d._n d._n principal_a of_o brazen-nose_n coll._n oxon_n james_n young_a esq_n robert_n young_a canon_n of_o windsor_n orbis_fw-la terrarum_fw-la nova_fw-la et_fw-la accuratissima_fw-la tabula_fw-la auctore_fw-la joanne_n à _fw-fr loon_n honi_fw-fr soit_fw-fr qui_fw-fr mal_fw-fr y_fw-fr pense_fw-fr serenissimo_fw-la potentissimoque_fw-la domino_fw-la domino_fw-la carolo_n secundo_fw-la magnae_fw-la britanniae_fw-la francia_fw-la et_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la reg_n defensor_fw-la fidei_fw-la hanc_fw-la tabulam_fw-la totius_fw-la orbis_n d._n d._n d._n 〈…〉_o nova_fw-la totius_fw-la terrarum_fw-la orbis_fw-la geographica_n ac_fw-la hydrographica_n tabula_fw-la to_o the_o right_n reverend_a father_n in_o god_n john_n by_o divine_a permission_n ld._n bishop_n of_o oxon_n this_o map_n be_v humble_o dedicate_v johannes_n jansonius_n à _fw-fr waesberge_n and_o moses_n pitt_n and_o steven_n swart_a septem_fw-la planeta_n luna_fw-la ♋_o ☽_o mercurius_n ♊_o ☿_o venus_n ♎_o ♉_o sol_fw-la ♌_o ☉_o mars_n ♈_o ♂_o jupiter_n â™_o ♃_o saturnus_n ♑_o ♄_o quatuor_fw-la elementae_fw-la ignis_fw-la aer_fw-la aqua_fw-la terra_fw-la quatuor_fw-la anni_fw-la tempestates_fw-la ver_fw-la ♈_o ♉_o ♊_o aestas_fw-la ♋_o ♌_o â™_o autumnus_fw-la ♎_o â™_o â™_o hiems_n ♑_o â™’_o ♓_o septem_fw-la mirabilia_fw-la mundi_fw-la murus_n babyloniae_fw-la colossus_n pyramid_n mausoleum_n dianae_n templum_n jupiter_n olympicus_n pharos_n america_n septentrionalism_n terra_fw-la australis_fw-la incognita_fw-la the_o introduction_n cosmography_n be_v a_o general_a description_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n work_n the_o 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water_n break_v through_o and_o overwhelm_v so_o much_o of_o the_o
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which_o be_v reserve_v in_o cistern_n or_o sometime_o in_o moss_n break_v or_o spring_v forth_o where_o they_o find_v the_o easy_a passage_n sometime_o the_o summity_n of_o the_o hill_n be_v either_o a_o lake_n or_o a_o bog_n and_o keep_v the_o water_n as_o in_o a_o pond_n line_v with_o clay_n till_o it_o come_v to_o such_o a_o height_n as_o it_o overflow_v and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n both_o of_o the_o continuance_n of_o spring_n and_o why_o there_o be_v so_o few_o in_o plain_n because_o the_o rain-water_n that_o fall_v there_o go_v down_o by_o the_o seam_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o deep_a that_o it_o can_v spring_v up_o again_o nor_o be_v there_o mountain_n so_o near_o as_o to_o supply_v they_o from_o their_o cavern_n whether_o any_o or_o all_o of_o these_o opinion_n be_v false_a
i_o shall_v not_o determine_v but_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o such_o a_o quantity_n of_o water_n issue_v by_o these_o spring_n that_o perhaps_o all_o these_o cause_n and_o many_o more_o will_v hardly_o be_v sufficient_a consider_v that_o some_o particular_a river_n v._o g._n volga_n vent_v say_v varenius_n as_o much_o water_n in_o one_o year_n as_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n amount_v to_o or_o if_o not_o one_o as_o some_o think_v they_o demonstrate_v yet_o three_o or_o four_o or_o as_o many_o as_o flow_v into_o the_o caspian_a sea_n discharge_v so_o much_o water_n as_o can_v well_o be_v imagine_v except_o we_o acknowledge_v a_o circulation_n of_o water_n not_o only_o by_o be_v rarify_v into_o vapour_n and_o condense_v again_o but_o also_o in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o conceive_n whereof_o perhaps_o it_o may_v somewhat_o conduce_v to_o be_v inform_v of_o the_o content_n of_o this_o great_a globe_n at_o least_o so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o be_v 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as_o into_o the_o coal-pit_n lead-mine_n etc._n etc._n methinks_v therefore_o we_o may_v probable_o say_v 1._o that_o all_o those_o spring_n which_o arise_v near_o the_o bottom_n of_o hill_n and_o all_o such_o as_o diminish_v much_o in_o dry_a weather_n come_v from_o rain-water_n or_o melt_v snow_n 2._o such_o as_o arise_v in_o plain_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o many_o be_v furnish_v with_o the_o water_n in_o the_o gravel_n which_o be_v supply_v either_o out_o of_o the_o great_a abyss_n if_o it_o be_v not_o the_o abyss_n itself_o not_o unknown_a as_o it_o seem_v to_o seneca_n nimis_fw-la say_v he_o ille_fw-la oculis_fw-la permittit_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la credit_n esse_fw-la in_o abscondito_fw-la terrae_fw-la sinus_fw-la maris_fw-la vasti_fw-la or_o out_o of_o the_o sea_n discharge_v itself_o by_o this_o mean_n into_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n 3._o from_o this_o water_n also_o be_v supply_v the_o well_n and_o pit_n which_o in_o some_o country_n afford_v all_o the_o 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the_o chief_a profit_n and_o that_o which_o draw_v man_n to_o those_o desolate_a and_o comfortless_a place_n be_v the_o whalefishing_a of_o whale_n there_o be_v several_a sort_n some_o unprofitable_a to_o the_o fisher_n whale_n whale_n as_o the_o jubarta_fw-la of_o a_o black_a colour_n sixty_o foot_n long_o with_o a_o fin_n upon_o his_o back_n his_o fin_n be_v nothing_o worth_a his_o back_n yield_v some_o not_o much_o oil_n his_o belly_n none_o at_o all_o sedeva_n be_v of_o a_o white_a colour_n big_a than_o the_o rest_n his_o fin_n not_o above_o a_o foot_n long_o scarce_o any_o oil_n sedeva_n negra_n be_v of_o a_o black_a colour_n with_o a_o great_a tumour_n upon_o his_o back_n yield_v neither_o oil_n fin_n nor_o tooth_n sewria_n white_a as_o snow_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o wherry_n yield_v little_a oil_n no_o fin_n but_o be_v good_a to_o eat_v those_o which_o be_v more_o seek_v after_o and_o profitable_a be_v the_o beard_a or_o grand-bay_n because_o first_o kill_v in_o 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copper_n which_o become_v brown_a with_o the_o fire_n be_v call_v fritture_n be_v take_v out_o and_o cast_v away_o as_o have_v yield_v their_o oil_n the_o liquor_n than_o be_v jade_v out_o into_o a_o boat_n half_n full_a of_o water_n both_o to_o cool_v and_o cleanse_v it_o by_o suffer_v all_o the_o filth_n to_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o thence_o by_o long_a trough_n that_o it_o may_v be_v more_o cool_v convey_v into_o the_o hogshead_n or_o other_o like_a vessel_n whale-bone_n the_o whale-bone_n the_o head_n which_o be_v at_o least_o one_o three_o of_o the_o whole_a fish_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o tug_v as_o near_o the_o shore_n as_o they_o can_v bring_v it_o than_o hoist_a up_o by_o a_o crane_n and_o the_o fin_n bronchiae_n pinnae_fw-la or_o whatever_o you_o please_v to_o call_v they_o their_o substance_n be_v like_a horn_n but_o we_o call_v they_o whale-bone_n be_v cut_v out_o dressed_z and_o bind_v up_o by_o fifty_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o head_n which_o yield_v oil_n 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a_o long_a island_n lie_v much_o what_o as_o they_o say_v of_o mayens_n and_o have_v be_v visit_v by_o the_o whale-fisher_n but_o it_o be_v more_o north_n than_o they_o place_v their_o island_n the_o itch_n of_o ascribe_v discovery_n to_o themselves_o have_v bring_v as_o i_o fear_v confusion_n both_o in_o this_o and_o many_o other_o matter_n of_o this_o nature_n john_n mayens-island_n john_n mayens-island_n so_o call_v from_o the_o name_n of_o the_o first_o discoverer_n as_o the_o dutch_a pretend_v seem_v by_o the_o english_a to_o be_v call_v hope-island_n or_o if_o not_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o english_a have_v be_v upon_o it_o it_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v of_o any_o great_a consequence_n all_o that_o be_v speak_v of_o it_o be_v that_o it_o extend_v in_o length_n from_o south-west_n to_o north-east_n the_o far_a it_o shoot_v out_o in_o length_n the_o more_o contract_v and_o narrow_a it_o grow_v in_o breadth_n so_o that_o in_o the_o middle_a the_o distance_n be_v very_o small_a 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suedes_o at_o the_o treaty_n 1616_o of_o stolbow_n the_o grand_a tzar_n quit_v the_o title_n of_o this_o country_n to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n vodska_n or_o votska_n thirty_o league_n north_n of_o novogorod_n vodska_n vodska_n upon_o its_o left_a hand_n be_v the_o strong_a castle_n of_o ivanogorod_n surrender_v to_o the_o swede_n by_o the_o same_o treaty_n as_o well_o as_o the_o town_n jamagrod_v and_o augdow_n and_o the_o castle_n coporia_n noteburg_n and_o kexholm_n they_o say_v that_o all_o the_o beast_n that_o be_v bring_v into_o this_o province_n turn_v white_a the_o inhabitant_n have_v a_o language_n proper_a to_o themselves_o woskopitin_n be_v by_o some_o author_n place_v between_o kexholm_n and_o noteburg_n woskopitin_n woskopitin_n a_o large_a and_o fruitful_a province_n both_o for_o corn_n and_o cattle_n but_o so_o pester_v with_o lake_n and_o marsh_n that_o it_o be_v very_o little_o frequent_v and_o the_o name_n scarce_o know_v bieleiezioro_n bieleiozioro_n bieleiozioro_n situate_v upon_o a_o lake_n of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o signification_n i.e._n the_o white_a lake_n which_o lake_n be_v thirteen_o league_n long_o and_o as_o many_o broad_a and_o furnish_v only_o one_o river_n call_v sosna_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o wolga_n in_o this_o lake_n be_v a_o castle_n both_o for_o natural_a and_o artisicial_a strength_n account_v impregnable_a whither_o in_o time_n of_o danger_n the_o prince_n have_v send_v their_o treasure_n and_o themselves_o also_o retire_v the_o whole_a province_n be_v full_a of_o wood_n and_o lake_n that_o except_o when_o they_o be_v hard_o freeze_v it_o be_v not_o easy_o passable_a near_o this_o lake_n be_v another_o small_a lake_n that_o produce_v sulphur_n i_o rather_o suppose_v naphtha_n or_o petroleum_n swim_v like_o froth_n or_o oil_n upon_o the_o water_n this_o be_v say_v to_o be_v first_o possess_v by_o sinaus_n varegus_n who_o brother_n truvor_v settle_v in_o pskouvia_n and_o runiz_n in_o novogardia_n these_o 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the_o river_n volgda_n not_o volga_n or_o volchou_n famous_a for_o its_o bremes_n a_o little_a below_o the_o lake_n ilmin_n whilst_o it_o be_v govern_v by_o its_o own_o prince_n it_o be_v in_o so_o great_a power_n fame_n and_o wealth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a commerce_n of_o several_a nation_n there_o establish_v that_o it_o be_v proverbial_o speak_v who_o can_v do_v any_o thing_n against_o god_n and_o great_a novogorod_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o trade_n be_v the_o convenience_n of_o the_o river_n which_o be_v navigable_a from_o the_o very_a spring_n and_o the_o country_n abound_v in_o wheat_n flax_n hemp_n honey_n wax_n and_o leather_n which_o be_v better_o dress_v here_o than_o in_o any_o other_o place_n invite_v hither_o so_o many_o merchant_n from_o all_o the_o northern_a country_n and_o those_o upon_o the_o baltic_a sea_n that_o it_o be_v the_o great_a city_n of_o all_o the_o north_n for_o trade_n and_o wealth_n the_o first_o diminution_n of_o it_o be_v from_o vitold_a duke_n of_o lithvania_n who_o 1427_o oblige_a the_o city_n to_o compound_v for_o their_o peace_n at_o a_o great_a rate_n but_o ivan_n vasili_n grotsdin_n 1477_o force_v they_o to_o receive_v a_o governor_n from_o he_o but_o that_o not_o satisfy_v of_o he_o he_o go_v thither_o in_o person_n pretend_v i_o know_v not_o what_o devotion_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o city_n with_o his_o army_n he_o pillage_v it_o carrying_z away_o three_o hundred_o cart_n load_v with_o jewel_n gold_n and_o silver_n beside_o many_o more_o fill_v with_o rich_a stuff_n and_o sumptuous_a moveable_n all_o which_o he_o send_v to_o moscow_n and_o transport_v many_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n into_o other_o place_n and_o send_v muscovite_n to_o inhabit_v in_o their_o stead_n but_o their_o great_a calamity_n be_v from_o ivan_n vasilowich_n in_o 1569_o who_o upon_o a_o suspicion_n of_o their_o endeavour_v to_o revolt_v come_v hither_o with_o his_o army_n slay_v drown_v and_o trample_v to_o death_n a_o vast_a number_n of_o people_n present_o after_o this_o follow_v a_o great_a plague_n which_o bring_v so_o great_a a_o famine_n that_o they_o eat_v one_o another_o the_o tzar_n on_o this_o occasion_n pretend_v to_o punish_v their_o inhumanity_n cut_v to_o piece_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o remain_a inhabitant_n his_o barbarous_a cruelty_n here_o act_v be_v not_o sit_v to_o be_v repeat_v it_o be_v in_o 1611_o take_v by_o the_o swede_n by_o storm_n but_o at_o the_o great_a treaty_n between_o the_o two_o crown_n of_o russia_n and_o sweden_n it_o be_v agree_v to_o be_v redeliver_v to_o the_o russes_z and_o in_o their_o hand_n it_o have_v continue_v ever_o since_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o water_n be_v a_o strong_a castle_n build_v of_o stone_n join_v to_o the_o city_n by_o a_o large_a bridge_n wherein_o live_v the_o weywod_n or_o governor_n and_o the_o metropolitan_a by_o which_o two_o all_o the_o affair_n ecclesiastical_a civil_a and_o military_a in_o all_o that_o province_n be_v govern_v the_o town_n be_v encompass_v with_o a_o rampart_n of_o timber_n and_o earth_n and_o have_v a_o castle_n in_o the_o midst_n reasonable_o well_o fortify_v there_o be_v about_o a_o hundred_o monastery_n whereof_o that_o of_o st._n antony_n be_v the_o chief_a church_n and_o chapel_n which_o have_v their_o steeple_n and_o tower_n cover_v with_o copper_n gild_v the_o cathedral_n church_n be_v that_o of_o st._n sophia_n in_o the_o territory_n belong_v to_o this_o city_n stara-russa_a brunitza_n sedrowa_n and_o stara-russa_a be_v brunitza_n sedrowa_n and_o stara-russa_a which_o the_o baron_n of_o herberstein_n call_v russ_n and_o say_v it_o give_v name_n to_o all_o the_o russes_z near_o that_o town_n be_v a_o salt_n river_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v form_v into_o a_o lake_n and_o with_o conduit_n draw_v the_o salt-water_n to_o their_o house_n where_o they_o boil_v the_o salt_n with_o which_o and_o other_o commodity_n they_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n into_o polotskow_n a_o province_n of_o poland_n the_o russes_z say_v that_o near_o to_o novogorod_n be_v the_o famous_a battle_n of_o whip_n mention_v by_o justin_n l._n 2._o and_o many_o other_o author_n wherewith_o the_o master_n return_v victorious_a after_o some_o year_n war_n conquer_v their_o slave_n who_o in_o the_o long_a time_n of_o their_o absence_n have_v seize_v upon_o their_o estate_n and_o wife_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o novogorod-money_n have_v former_o on_o one_o side_n a_o horseman_n shake_v his_o whip_n bielski_n be_v a_o province_n between_o novogorod_n and_o smolensko_n bielski_n bielski_n have_v its_o principal_a city_n and_o castle_n call_v biela_n bielha_n or_o bielow_n situate_v on_o the_o river_n osca_n this_o have_v heretofore_o a_o prince_n of_o its_o own_o subject_a to_o the_o descendants_n of_o jagellan_n duke_n of_o litvania_n till_o basilius_n prince_n of_o bielski_n fall_v off_o to_o the_o grand_a tzar_n and_o agree_v to_o pay_v he_o tribute_n it_o now_o augment_v the_o number_n of_o his_o title_n as_o do_v also_o that_o of_o rischow_n rischow_n rischow_n which_o have_v also_o a_o castle_n and_o city_n of_o that_o name_n it_o have_v also_o former_o a_o prince_n of_o its_o own_o but_o now_o be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o russ-empire_n the_o country_n be_v full_a of_o forest_n and_o lake_n particular_o here_o be_v that_o great_a forest_n of_o wolchonisky_n wherein_o arise_v the_o volga_n the_o dnieper_n the_o dwina_n and_o the_o lowat_n all_o great_a river_n near_o to_o this_o be_v woloizk_a famous_a for_o its_o white_a hare_n and_o the_o prince_n frequent_a hunt_v there_o wyelikyeluki_n a_o large_a city_n with_o a_o good_a castle_n and_o toropyecz_n a_o large_a town_n also_o and_o a_o castle_n all_o which_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o russia_n by_o surrender_n of_o their_o proper_a lord_n it_o be_v be_v near_a to_o the_o foresay_a 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o north-west_n from_o moskow_n the_o capital_a town_n
their_o river_n take_v their_o original_n from_o lake_n or_o else_o they_o can_v hardly_o be_v perpetual_a 2._o that_o the_o river_n of_o muscovy_n be_v except_o where_o they_o be_v straighten_a by_o mountain_n which_o be_v not_o very_o frequent_a for_o the_o most_o part_n broad_a and_o shallow_a full_a of_o island_n flat_n and_o deep_a hole_n because_o all_o their_o river_n in_o a_o manner_n chief_o consist_v of_o melt_a snow_n and_o when_o the_o snow_n dissolve_v it_o cause_v great_a flood_n and_o violent_a deluge_n but_o withal_o carry_v so_o much_o sludge_v that_o it_o fill_v up_o stream_n which_o remain_v so_o till_o a_o new_a deluge_n cleanse_v that_o place_n and_o fill_v up_o another_o so_o that_o the_o channel_n be_v very_o uncertain_a and_o now_o be_v depth_n which_o be_v shallows_o before_o 3._o that_o they_o be_v not_o very_o full_a of_o fish_n and_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o lake_n and_o deep_a hole_n which_o be_v not_o freeze_v to_o the_o bottom_n there_o will_v be_v no_o freshwater_n fish_n at_o all_o for_o fish_n can_v live_v in_o ice_n therefore_o they_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o carp_n at_o all_o nor_o much_o other_o fish_n except_o what_o come_v from_o the_o sea_n to_o spawn_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o river_n be_v thaw_v such_o be_v salmon_n belluga_n cod_n haddock_n omely_n and_o the_o like_a and_o of_o these_o there_o be_v great_a store_n because_o store_n of_o feed_v some_o lake_n also_o be_v well_o store_v because_o not_o freeze_v to_o the_o bottom_n 4._o that_o there_o be_v no_o map_n extant_a except_o of_o wolga_n dwina_n and_o dnieper_n because_o the_o course_n of_o the_o other_o be_v not_o so_o well_o discover_v one_o of_o the_o great_a lake_n of_o this_o country_n be_v ivanosera_n i._n e._n johns-lake_n osera_n signify_v a_o lake_n in_o the_o great_a forest_n of_o epiphanow_n call_v also_o jepiphanoulies_n and_o okonitzkily_n in_o the_o province_n of_o resan_n eight_o league_n from_o tula_n this_o lake_n be_v near_o five_o hundred_o verst_n or_o italian_a mile_n long_o and_o in_o the_o say_a forest_n arise_v also_o the_o river_n schaet_fw-la and_o don_n or_o tanais_n the_o schaet_fw-la run_v eastward_o receive_v the_o river_n vppa_n or_o oppa_n and_o empti_v itself_o into_o the_o occa._n but_o tanais_n tana_n and_o don_n come_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n at_o the_o town_n donco_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o marsh_n of_o meotis_n or_o sea_n of_o zabaque_n from_o the_o spring_n to_o its_o end_n be_v direct_o about_o eighty_o league_n but_o by_o water_n it_o be_v twenty_o day_n journey_n donet_n sewersky_n fall_v into_o tanais_n three_o day_n journey_n above_o azoph_n bieleiosora_n sixteen_o league_n long_o twelve_o broad_a scarce_o of_o fish_n receive_v thirty-six_a small_a river_n and_o send_v out_o only_o the_o schotsma_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o volga_n four_o league_n below_o mologa_n ilmin_n ilmen_fw-mi ilmer_n limido_n be_v twelve_o league_n long_o and_o as_o many_o broad_a and_o end_n about_o two_o mile_n above_o weliki_n novogrod_n it_o receive_v the_o river_n of_o lowat_n arise_v in_o the_o forest_n of_o wolkowsky_n from_o a_o lake_n call_v fornow_n and_o scholona_n and_o pass_v away_o by_o the_o wolkowa_n which_o after_o run_v thirty-six_a league_n discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o lake_n ladoga_n or_o laduga_n ladoga_n about_o a_o hundred_o league_n long_o and_o sixty_o broad_a be_v full_a of_o isle_n and_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o the_o neva_n which_o enter_v into_o the_o german_a ocean_n it_o be_v store_v with_o fish_n and_o have_v many_o town_n and_o village_n upon_o its_o bank_n from_o the_o same_o lake_n of_o fornow_n arise_v also_o the_o wolga_n of_o which_o by_o and_o by_o in_o the_o same_o forest_n also_o about_o ten_o league_n from_o fornow_n arise_v boristhenes_n near_o the_o town_n of_o dnieperche_n and_o therefore_o call_v dnieper_n and_o ten_o league_n from_o the_o dnieper_n also_o the_o dwina_n or_o duna_n by_o some_o imagine_v to_o be_v rubus_fw-la by_o other_o turuntus_n of_o ptolemy_n take_v its_o original_n from_o a_o lake_n of_o the_o same_o name_n it_o pass_v by_o vitepsko_n polotsko_fw-mi dunenburg_n etc._n etc._n to_o riga_n in_o livonia_n and_o end_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o baltic_a call_v the_o east-sea_n and_o by_o the_o russes_z waretzcoie-morie_a beside_o this_o there_o be_v another_o dwina_n whereof_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o province_n of_o that_o name_n weza_n begin_v in_o a_o marsh_n between_o bieleiosora_n and_o the_o volga_n pass_v by_o suetzogorod_n and_o so_o into_o the_o dwina_n mosqui_n or_o mosqua_n spring_v near_o to_o it_o be_v thence_o six_o league_n below_o moscow_n it_o enter_v into_o occa_fw-la after_o it_o have_v receive_v the_o jagusa_n or_o jausa_fw-la weglin_n have_v its_o spring_n a_o little_a above_o moskow_n and_o join_v with_o occa._n vgra_fw-mi arise_v near_o drohobus_fw-la pass_v through_o a_o great_a desert_n between_o worotin_n and_o coluga_n thence_o fall_v into_o occa._n this_o be_v sometime_o the_o boundary_a betwixt_o russia_n and_o lithvania_n occa_fw-la come_v out_o of_o a_o great_a lake_n in_o the_o province_n of_o rezan_n pass_v by_o many_o great_a town_n near_o nisi-novogrod_a from_o the_o same_o lake_n flow_v sem_fw-mi and_o schosna_n both_o fall_n into_o the_o dnieper_n narva_n be_v navigable_a from_o the_o lake_n czutzho_n or_o czudin_n call_v in_o latin_a picis_fw-la or_o polas_fw-la and_o by_o the_o dutch_a peifve_n tractus_n borysthenis_n vulgo_fw-la dniepr_fw-la et_fw-la niepr_fw-la dicti_fw-la à _fw-la kiovia_n ad_fw-la urbum_fw-la oczakow_n ubi_fw-la in_o pontum_fw-la euxinum_n se_fw-la exonerat_fw-la nova_fw-la et_fw-la accurata_fw-la wolgae_n fluminis_fw-la olim_fw-la rha_n dicti_fw-la delineatio_fw-la auctore_fw-la adamo_n oleario_n illustrissimo_fw-la domino_fw-la d._n no_o benedicto_n bag_n de_fw-fr berga_n sueco_n haec_fw-la geographica_n fluminis_fw-la wolgae_n descriptio_fw-la humillimè_fw-la offertur_fw-la apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergias_a et_fw-la mosim_fw-la pitt_n ivan_n vasilowitz_n succeed_v his_o father_n and_o begin_v his_o reign_n with_o the_o siege_n of_o casan_n which_o have_v batter_v in_o vain_a for_o two_o month_n together_o at_o last_o he_o begin_v to_o my_o the_o wall_n the_o mine_n take_v their_o effect_n blow_v up_o the_o work_n slay_v great_a number_n of_o tartar_n and_o give_v the_o opportunity_n of_o a_o assault_n which_o july_n 9_o 1552._o be_v carry_v on_o with_o that_o vigour_n that_o the_o castle_n be_v take_v and_o be_v well_o repair_v by_o the_o muscovite_n be_v still_o keep_v by_o they_o sixty_o verst_n below_o casan_n fall_v the_o great_a river_n cama_fw-la into_o the_o volga_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n by_o several_a mouth_n some_o thirty_o verst_n distant_a from_o other_o the_o water_n of_o it_o be_v blackish_a and_o rise_v out_o of_o permia_n upon_o this_o river_n shall_v seem_v to_o be_v if_o it_o be_v at_o all_o the_o great_a forest_n step_n which_o be_v six_o or_o seven_o hundred_o verst_n long_o wherein_o you_o may_v ride_v a_o day_n journey_n among_o cherry-tree_n yet_o not_o above_o two_o foot_n high_a be_v so_o frequent_o burn_v down_o by_o traveller_n who_o careless_a of_o their_o fire_n at_o night_n set_v fire_n on_o the_o dry_a grass_n and_o burn_v down_o three_o or_o four_o hundred_o furlong_n at_o a_o time_n they_o say_v also_o that_o here_o grow_v spontaneous_o tulip_n rose_n asparagus_n onion_n marjoram_n and_o what_o not_o which_o i_o impose_v not_o upon_o any_o man_n faith_n because_o i_o find_v somewhat_o like_o this_o but_o more_o probable_o mention_v in_o the_o vkrain_n thirty_o verst_n lower_v zerdick_n another_o branch_n of_o cama_fw-la enter_v the_o volga_n over_o against_o which_o on_o the_o right-hand_a bank_n be_v the_o city_n of_o tetus_n a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o verst_n from_o casan_n twentyfive_a verst_n below_o tetus_n but_o on_o the_o left_a bank_n of_o the_o river_n be_v the_o river_n vtka_n which_o rise_v near_o the_o city_n bulgara_n below_o that_o be_v the_o island_n staritza_n in_o 54_o deg_fw-la 31_o min._n where_o they_o find_v pyrite_n of_o several_a colour_n so_o round_o and_o oval_a that_o they_o very_o well_o serve_v for_o shot_n sixty-five_a verst_n below_o tetus_n be_v vneroskora_n a_o ruin_a city_n of_o the_o tartar_n hereabout_o be_v very_o good_a fish_n by_o a_o particular_a invention_n of_o the_o russes_z they_o bait_v a_o hook_n and_o fasten_v it_o to_o a_o strong_a line_n which_o they_o tie_v about_o a_o little_a board_n of_o four_o or_o five_o inch_n cover_v over_o with_o tin_n and_o drag_v it_o after_o the_o boat_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n continual_o turn_v up_o the_o bright_a tin_n towards_o the_o sun_n entice_v the_o great_a sort_n of_o fish_n who_o be_v thereby_o easy_o catch_v upon_o and_o near_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n be_v the_o ruin_n of_o divers_a city_n which_o the_o people_n say_v be_v destroy_v by_o tamerlain_n the_o name_n of_o some_o of_o
they_o be_v simbeyska-gora_a arbuchim_n but_o of_o the_o great_a part_n the_o name_n be_v unknown_a the_o river_n adrobe_n enter_v volga_n in_o 53_o deg_fw-la 48_o min._n as_o do_v the_o river_n vssa_fw-mi not_o much_o low_a a_o little_a beyond_o in_o a_o great_a plain_n be_v a_o sandy_a hill_n call_v sariol-kurgan_a which_o they_o say_v be_v the_o burial_n of_o a_o tartar_n emperor_n and_o seven_o king_n there_o slay_v and_o make_v by_o the_o soldier_n carry_v sand_n and_o earth_n in_o their_o helmet_n three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o verst_n below_o casan_n be_v samara_n a_o large_a city_n upon_o a_o river_n so_o call_v three_o verst_n from_o the_o bank_n of_o volga_n though_o it_o do_v not_o whole_o join_v with_o the_o great_a stream_n till_o fifteen_o verst_n low_o and_o over_o against_o it_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n fall_v in_o also_o the_o river_n ascula_fw-la and_o lisran_n below_o samara_n a_o hundred_o and_o fifteen_o league_n be_v the_o mountain_n of_o the_o donski_n cosack_v who_o from_o hence_o usual_o rob_v the_o boat_n that_o come_v down_o the_o volga_n below_o this_o the_o river_n zagra_n join_v the_o volga_n and_o not_o far_o thence_o the_o river_n be_v so_o shallow_a that_o the_o cosacks_n ford_n it_o and_o lurk_v in_o the_o sledgy_a and_o bushy_a island_n of_o the_o river_n rob_v and_o spoil_v secure_o these_o people_n do_v very_o much_o mischief_n to_o the_o russes_z and_o the_o emperor_n to_o repress_v the_o inroad_n of_o they_o and_o the_o tartar_n have_v build_v divers_a city_n and_o fort_n give_v they_o to_o be_v inhabit_v only_o by_o soldier_n one_o be_v soratof_o in_o 52_o deg_fw-la 12_o min._n chief_o against_o the_o kolmuck-tartar_n who_o country_n begin_v here_o and_o reach_n to_o the_o caspian_a sea_n a_o very_a deform_a barbarous_a and_o cruel_a sort_n of_o people_n great_a man-stealer_n and_o enemy_n both_o to_o russes_z cosack_n and_o chief_o the_o nagai-tartar_n czaritza_n tsornojar_n and_o divers_a other_o be_v build_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o verst_n below_o saratof_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o volga_n be_v the_o river_n ruslana_n and_o over_o against_o that_o the_o mountain_n of_o vrakufs-karul_a where_o they_o say_v a_o tartarian_a prince_n call_v vrak_fw-mi be_v kill_v by_o the_o cosack_n near_o to_o which_o be_v the_o river_n and_o mountain_n call_v camaschinka_n near_o whereto_o stenko_n radzin_n be_v bear_v the_o river_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o torrent_n of_o iloba_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o don._n the_o cosack_v bring_v over_o land_n their_o boat_n upon_o four_o wheel_n thence_o into_o the_o volga_n where_o they_o exercise_v their_o piracy_n and_o plundering_n the_o river_n bolloclea_n be_v ninety_o verst_n below_o camuschinka_n and_o near_o that_o about_o 48_o deg_fw-la 51_o min._n be_v the_o short_a distance_n betwixt_o the_o volga_n and_o don_n which_o be_v about_o seven_o league_n in_o 49_o deg_fw-la 42_o min._n be_v tzaritza_n three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o verst_n from_o soratof_n from_o thence_o to_o astracan_a be_v only_a heath_n and_o barren_a ground_n below_o lie_v the_o isle_n of_o zerpinske_a over_o against_o which_o a_o little_a river_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o don_n but_o so_o little_a that_o it_o will_v hardly_o bear_v a_o small_a boat_n massa_n in_o his_o map_n for_o in_o other_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v call_v it_o kamous_a fall_v into_o the_o volga_n near_o to_o this_o place_n also_o be_v begin_v a_o trench_n large_a enough_o to_o convey_v vessel_n from_o don_n to_o the_o volga_n and_o it_o be_v express_v in_o divers_a map_n but_o it_o be_v give_v over_o for_o the_o nagai_n and_o the_o other_o tartar_n fear_v not_o without_o reason_n that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o bring_v the_o turk_n upon_o they_o as_o the_o muscovite_n also_o do_v they_o join_v all_o together_o and_o not_o only_o disturb_v the_o work_n but_o also_o beat_v the_o army_n of_o the_o crim-tartar_n consist_v of_o 80000_o together_o with_o 20000_o turk_n and_o 3000_o janissary_n below_o that_o on_o the_o same_o side_n the_o river_n wesowi_n and_o thirty_o verst_n from_o that_o wolodinerski_n vtsga_n empty_a themselves_o into_o the_o volga_n the_o country_n all_o hereabout_o and_o down_o as_o far_o as_o astracan_a be_v very_o plentiful_a in_o liquorice_n thence_o the_o river_n descend_v to_o tzormegar_o a_o little_a city_n inhabit_v only_o by_o a_o garrison_n against_o the_o cosack_n who_o there_o use_v to_o rob_v and_o particular_o defeat_v a_o great_a convoy_n of_o fifteen_o hundred_o muscovite_n for_o the_o river_n be_v there_o very_o swift_a they_o suffer_v the_o soldier_n to_o go_v first_o and_o then_o set_v upon_o the_o merchant_n kill_v seven_o or_o eight_o hundred_o of_o they_o and_o carry_v away_o all_o the_o good_n before_o the_o convoy_n can_v come_v up_o to_o help_v they_o the_o next_o considerable_a place_n be_v astracan_a a_o great_a city_n in_o a_o island_n make_v by_o two_o branch_n of_o the_o volga_n and_o call_v dolgoi_n it_o be_v ancient_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o nagai-tartar_n and_o build_v by_o one_o of_o their_o king_n call_v astra-chan_a it_o lie_v in_o 46_o deg_fw-la 22_o min._n and_o the_o needle_n vary_v westward_o 13_o deg_fw-la 40_o min._n other_o say_v that_o it_o lie_v in_o 47_o deg_fw-la 9_o min._n yet_o be_v the_o winter_n which_o last_v but_o two_o month_n so_o cold_a that_o the_o river_n be_v freeze_v hard_o enough_o to_o bear_v sleds_o the_o island_n be_v sandy_a and_o barren_a except_o some_o garden_n cultivate_v by_o the_o rich_a citizen_n the_o country_n also_o thereabouts_o be_v marshy_a and_o desert_a yet_o do_v the_o inhabitant_n make_v a_o great_a profit_n by_o their_o salt_n which_o the_o sun_n bake_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n about_o a_o finger_n thick_a the_o inhabitant_n cast_v it_o up_o into_o great_a heap_n and_o transport_v it_o to_o other_o country_n the_o river_n also_o be_v mighty_o store_v with_o fish_n and_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n of_o fowl_n of_o all_o sort_n they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o most_o excellent_a fruit_n and_o particular_o grape_n this_o city_n be_v ann_n 1554_o take_v from_o the_o tartar_n by_o ivan_n vasilowich_n who_o send_v his_o army_n in_o small_a party_n and_o several_a way_n arrive_v at_o the_o town_n before_o he_o be_v expect_v or_o the_o enemy_n provide_v to_o receive_v he_o present_o encourage_v his_o man_n by_o promise_v they_o the_o plunder_v of_o the_o town_n aug._n 1._o he_o take_v it_o by_o storm_n where_o he_o spare_v none_o that_o will_v not_o be_v baptize_v have_v repeopled_n it_o with_o muscovite_n he_o encompass_v it_o with_o a_o stone-wall_n and_o other_o fortification_n michael_n federowitz_n afterward_o add_v another_o part_n to_o it_o so_o that_o the_o circuit_n of_o it_o at_o present_a be_v 8000_o geometrical_a foot_n defend_v by_o 500_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n nine_o regiment_n each_o contain_n 500_o musqueteer_n two_o weywod_n etc._n etc._n the_o situation_n of_o it_o invite_v merchant_n thither_o from_o all_o part_n even_o from_o the_o indies_n so_o that_o the_o custom_n though_o very_o low_a amount_v to_o 25000_o crown_n per_fw-la ann_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n tartar_n of_o crim_n and_o nagaia_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o live_v in_o the_o city_n as_o neither_o to_o build_v city_n or_o fortify_v to_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o live_v in_o hut_v of_o reed_n or_o cane_n like_v to_o our_o hen-coops_a which_o in_o cold_a weather_n they_o cover_v with_o a_o course_n cloth_n the_o summer_n they_o spend_v in_o ramble_a up_o and_o down_o to_o find_v pasture_n for_o their_o cattle_n in_o winter_n time_n retire_v under_o astracan_a for_o their_o security_n against_o the_o calmuk_n and_o jaick_n tartar_n the_o grand_a tzar_n lend_v they_o arm_n which_o they_o restore_v at_o such_o a_o time_n they_o pay_v no_o tribute_n but_o be_v oblige_v to_o serve_v he_o in_o his_o war_n which_o they_o do_v very_o willing_o in_o hope_n of_o prey_n they_o have_v their_o own_o prince_n commander_n and_o judge_n but_o some_o of_o their_o chief_a murza_n be_v always_o keep_v as_o hostage_n at_o moskow_n if_o any_o one_o desire_n to_o know_v what_o these_o cosack_v be_v cosack_n of_o the_o cosack_n that_o have_v cause_v all_o this_o noise_n and_o trouble_v in_o the_o world_n though_o we_o shall_v treat_v more_o large_o of_o they_o when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o vkrain_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o give_v here_o some_o general_a account_n of_o they_o author_n differ_v much_o concern_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o name_n some_o say_v that_o they_o be_v so_o call_v from_o cosa_n which_o in_o the_o polish_v language_n signify_v a_o goat_n but_o i_o find_v that_o in_o the_o circassian_n and_o other_o tartar_a language_n cosac_n signify_v a_o soldier_n perhaps_o as_o cimber_n in_o
be_v many_o cave_n cut_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n well_n and_o old_a building_n of_o the_o greek_n witness_v by_o their_o inscription_n there_o very_o frequent_a it_o be_v now_o a_o inconsiderable_a place_n inhabit_v by_o a_o few_o turk_n sari-germen_a by_o the_o turk_n by_o the_o tartar_n topetarkan_n ancient_o chersonesus_n and_o corsuna_n the_o noble_a and_o most_o ancient_a city_n of_o all_o the_o peninsula_n be_v still_o compass_v with_o a_o strong_a stone-wall_n and_o divers_a aqueduct_n and_o other_o noble_a building_n entire_a but_o without_o inhabitant_n the_o turk_n every_o day_n fetch_v away_o the_o marble_n and_o stone_n for_o other_o building_n volodomir_n the_o grand_a tzar_n take_v this_o town_n from_o joannes_n zimisces_n and_o among_o other_o rich_a plunder_v carry_v away_o two_o large_a royal_a brazen_a gate_n to_o kiow_n from_o whence_o boleslaus_n ii_o king_n of_o poland_n transfer_v they_o to_o gnesna_n where_o they_o still_o remain_v they_o say_v also_o that_o volodomir_n be_v here_o baptize_v balachey_n or_o balaclawa_n by_o the_o genovese_n call_v jamboli_n or_o the_o tower_n of_o fish_n the_o sea_n there_o be_v very_o well_o store_v situate_a under_o the_o mountain_n baba_n the_o genovese_n take_v it_o without_o any_o loss_n from_o the_o greek_n and_o make_v it_o a_o very_a commodious_a beautiful_a and_o strong_a haven_n the_o turk_n at_o this_o day_n build_v here_o their_o galley_n and_o ship_n though_o it_o be_v but_o a_o poor_a town_n at_o most_o but_o of_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o fire_n the_o inhabitant_n turk_n jew_n and_o greek_n mangut_n or_o mancus_fw-la be_v a_o very_a magnificent_a city_n though_o not_o by_o the_o seashore_n but_o first_o by_o the_o turk_n and_o afterward_o by_o a_o great_a fire_n it_o be_v so_o waste_v that_o nothing_o now_o remain_v of_o it_o except_o one_o high_a tower_n and_o a_o strong_a stone-house_n whereinto_o the_o cham_n thrust_v the_o russ-ambassador_n as_o often_o as_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o quarrel_v his_o master_n there_o be_v some_o few_o turk_n jew_n and_o greek_n that_o inhabit_v there_o in_o all_o about_o sixty_o fire_n there_o remain_v still_o upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o some_o of_o the_o church_n the_o picture_n of_o divers_a of_o the_o greek_a emperor_n and_o other_o famous_a man_n cercessigerman_n be_v a_o small_a turkish_a fort_n not_o far_o from_o mancop_n the_o palace_n of_o the_o cham_n be_v situate_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o country_n baciasaray_v baccasaray_v be_v a_o town_n of_o about_o two_o thousand_o house_n wherein_o be_v a_o meschite_a and_o divers_a sepulchre_n of_o the_o cham_n very_o magnificent_a as_o be_v their_o palace_n build_v with_o great_a charge_n by_o their_o former_a prince_n beside_o that_o it_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o country_n very_o proper_a for_o hunt_v and_o fowl_v and_o be_v noble_o adorn_v with_o garden_n orchard_n bath_n etc._n etc._n almasaray_v be_v another_o house_n whither_o he_o sometime_o retire_v in_o a_o town_n of_o about_o seventy_o fire_n there_o be_v also_o divers_a little_a castle_n where_o his_o own_o brethren_n child_n and_o their_o wife_n be_v keep_v sortasse_fw-la be_v a_o town_n where_o the_o ambassador_n of_o foreign_a prince_n have_v many_o time_n liberty_n to_o divert_v themselves_o at_o creme_a or_o crim_n ancient_o taphros_n and_o taphrae_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v call_v crim-tartar_n be_v his_o mint_n and_o a_o very_a strong_a castle_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o tartar_n but_o the_o town_n be_v most_o inhabit_v by_o turk_n in_o all_o about_o a_o hundred_o house_n sidagios_n or_o sudacum_fw-la be_v a_o very_a noble_a and_o strong_a city_n situate_v in_o the_o mountain_n take_v by_o the_o genovese_n from_o the_o greek_n so_o set_v one_o family_n against_o another_o that_o they_o will_v not_o come_v to_o the_o same_o church_n the_o turk_n by_o a_o long_a and_o difficult_a siege_n take_v it_o from_o the_o genovese_n it_o be_v famous_a for_o the_o wine_n grow_v thereabouts_o caffa_n or_o theodosia_n still_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o peninsula_n have_v betwixt_o five_o and_o six_o thousand_o house_n inhabit_v most_o part_n by_o christian_n who_o have_v about_o forty-five_o church_n greek_n armenian_n and_o remainder_n of_o the_o italian_n some_o turk_n and_o few_o tartar_n all_o under_o a_o turkish_a sangiac_n slave_n they_o reckon_v there_o about_o thirty_o thousand_o a_o town_n of_o great_a traffic_n about_o two_o day_n sail_v from_o constantinople_n yet_o be_v it_o nothing_o to_o what_o it_o be_v under_o the_o genovese_n kerky_n be_v a_o little_a town_n of_o the_o tartar_n of_o about_o a_o hundred_o family_n upon_o the_o straight_o call_v ancient_o bosphora_n cimmerius_n which_o be_v here_o about_o three_o league_n broad_a this_o town_n be_v open_a for_o the_o grand_a signior_n will_v not_o allow_v the_o tartar_n to_o have_v any_o fortify_v town_n beside_o przecop_n over_o against_o this_o be_v taman_a a_o town_n and_o castle_n upon_o the_o continent_n in_o the_o country_n call_v ancient_o colchis_n now_o the_o circassian_n or_o petigor-tartar_n karasu_n belong_v to_o the_o cham_n and_o have_v above_o a_o thousand_o house_n tusla_n be_v among_o the_o saltwork_n and_o have_v about_o eighty_o house_n arabet_fw-la or_o orbotec_n be_v a_o double_a castle_n near_o to_o which_o the_o cham_n keep_v his_o stud_n or_o breed_v of_o horse_n which_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v about_o seventy_o thousand_o the_o country_n towards_o the_o south_n be_v mountainous_a and_o consequent_o well_o water_v the_o rest_n plain_a and_o good_a pasture_n but_o want_v water_n for_o that_o near_a at_o hand_n be_v brackish_a and_o their_o good_a water_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o very_o deep_a well_n of_o which_o there_o be_v no_o want_n dug_n by_o the_o former_a inhabitant_n thus_o much_o of_o the_o chersonesus_n przecop_n the_o country_n of_o przecop_n without_o this_o the_o crim-tartar_n enjoy_v all_o betwixt_o boristhenes_n nieper_n and_o tanais_n don_n which_o from_o ossove_n upon_o the_o don_n to_o the_o nieper_n in_o a_o strait_a line_n be_v account_v about_o four_o hundred_o english_a mile_n but_o the_o nieper_n fetch_v a_o great_a compass_n eastward_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o this_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n plain_a and_o even_a ground_n and_o rich_a pasturage_n without_o any_o town_n or_o constant_a habitation_n or_o propriety_n only_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o cham_fw-mi by_o his_o officer_n appoint_v what_o part_n shall_v be_v till_v and_o in_o february_n proclamation_n be_v make_v among_o all_o the_o tartar_n that_o if_o any_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o till_o any_o ground_n they_o shall_v get_v all_o their_o matter_n ready_a by_o such_o a_o day_n when_o they_o will_v go_v to_o such_o a_o place_n commodious_a for_o that_o purpose_n and_o according_o some_o do_v go_v and_o the_o rest_n attend_v upon_o they_o that_o they_o be_v not_o disturb_v betwixt_o this_o plain_a and_o russia_n lie_v waste_v a_o great_a country_n as_o they_o say_v require_v twenty_o day_n to_o cross_v it_o full_a of_o wood_n and_o lake_n and_o sometime_o under-water_n which_o be_v the_o great_a security_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o empire_n the_o government_n be_v whole_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o cham._n crim-tartar_n the_o government_n of_o the_o crim-tartar_n the_o cadi_n determine_v lesser_a cause_n but_o capital_a and_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n be_v judge_v by_o the_o cham_n himself_o with_o his_o council_n he_o be_v of_o easy_a access_n and_o reasonable_o just_a he_o always_o choose_v a_o galga_n who_o be_v next_o to_o he_o alive_a and_o succeed_v after_o death_n this_o be_v common_o his_o son_n or_o brother_n according_a to_o merit_v if_o any_o one_o have_v better_a pretension_n he_o fly_v to_o the_o grand_a signior_n who_o judge_n the_o cause_n his_o young_a son_n be_v sultan_n and_o be_v bring_v up_o by_o such_o as_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o their_o wife_n with_o who_o they_o be_v educate_v till_o of_o sufficient_a strength_n and_o according_a to_o their_o fitness_n they_o be_v furnish_v with_o command_n either_o in_o his_o own_o country_n or_o be_v recommend_v to_o the_o neighbour_a tartar_n who_o willing_o receive_v they_o part_v also_o be_v hostage_n with_o the_o turk_n when_o the_o family_n of_o gingis-chan_n be_v numerous_a and_o potent_a they_o choose_v always_o the_o chan_n but_o sachibgerei_fw-la and_o deuletigerei_fw-la chans_n make_v away_o with_o most_o of_o they_o and_o settle_v the_o dominion_n in_o their_o own_o posterity_n the_o chan_n have_v many_o officer_n and_o counsellor_n hamiat_fw-la be_v those_o who_o take_v care_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o foreign_a prince_n captain_n also_o coracei_n vlans_n and_o the_o best_a of_o the_o murse_n be_v call_v to_o council_n the_o vlans_n be_v those_o of_o a_o ancient_a family_n of_o chans_n but_o be_v deprive_v of_o it_o by_o the_o gierey_n the_o name_n of_o the_o
the_o opinion_n of_o the_o foresay_a author_n be_v but_o the_o same_o nation_n different_o call_v the_o venedi_n we_o find_v mention_v by_o ptolemy_n as_o a_o great_a people_n long_o before_o seat_v in_o sarmatia_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o sinus_n venedicus_n now_o baltic_a sea_n which_o from_o they_o probable_o take_v its_o name_n as_o do_v likewise_o the_o venedic_n mountain_n situate_a in_o their_o territory_n and_o hartknoch_n suppose_v the_o bulanes_n gythones_n phinni_n etc._n etc._n place_v also_o by_o ptolemy_n over_o against_o these_o venedi_n in_o the_o inland_n country_n of_o poland_n to_o be_v of_o their_o colony_n perhaps_o this_o people_n after_o they_o have_v make_v themselves_o considerable_a by_o their_o conquest_n take_v the_o name_n of_o slavi_n from_o slava_n in_o their_o language_n signify_v fame_n or_o glory_n which_o their_o descendants_n say_v cromerus_n still_o retain_v in_o their_o compound_a name_n as_o stanislaws_a wenceslaws_n etc._n etc._n though_o now_o write_v common_o stanislaus_n wenceslaus_n some_o writer_n will_v have_v the_o venedi_n to_o be_v original_o a_o german_a nation_n yet_o they_o be_v by_o cromerus_n and_o other_o sufficient_o prove_v to_o be_v of_o the_o old_a sarmatae_n or_o sauromatae_n which_o be_v of_o scythian_a extraction_n and_o probable_o bring_v forth_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o lake_n maeotis_n the_o fruitful_a womb_n of_o so_o many_o puissant_a nation_n the_o name_n of_o poland_n belong_v proper_o to_o two_o province_n alone_o situation_n situation_n the_o great_a and_o the_o lesser_a poland_n from_o which_o as_o the_o principal_a part_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n have_v take_v its_o denomination_n it_o lie_v say_v starovolscius_fw-la between_o the_o 38th_o and_o 54th_o degree_n of_o longitude_n count_v from_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n to_o the_o nieper_n or_o boristhenes_n which_o amount_v to_o 250_o polish_v league_n every_o league_n contain_v about_o four_o english_a mile_n but_o the_o podolian_a and_o russian_a be_v somewhat_o long_o the_o high_a elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n in_o the_o most_o northern_a part_n of_o livonia_n subject_n to_o this_o crown_n be_v about_o 58_o deg_fw-la the_o low_a in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o poccuce_n in_o red_a russia_n 48_o deg_fw-la so_o that_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v situate_v between_o the_o seven_o and_o thirteen_o climate_n have_v to_o its_o long_a day_n from_o 16_o to_o near_o 18_o hour_n this_o kingdom_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n by_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o the_o swedish_n livonia_n bound_n bound_n on_o the_o east_n by_o the_o muscovian_a russia_n and_o the_o desert_n of_o tartary_n on_o the_o south_n by_o moldavia_n transilvania_n and_o hungary_n from_o which_o the_o niester_n and_o the_o high_a and_o woody_a carpathian_n mountain_n divide_v it_o on_o the_o west_n by_o silesia_n the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o the_o further_a pomerane_n poland_n be_v a_o even_a champain_n country_n though_o the_o lesser_a poland_n the_o near_a it_o approach_v to_o the_o confine_n of_o hungary_n the_o more_o hilly_a and_o woody_a it_o be_v but_o the_o far_a it_o lie_v from_o thence_o the_o more_o open_a and_o level_a in_o the_o very_a middle_n also_o of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o palatinate_n of_o sandomir_n be_v mountainous_a and_o rocky_a former_o the_o country_n be_v all_o overgrow_v with_o wood_n but_o by_o the_o care_n of_o sigismond_n the_o elder_a and_o sigismond_n augustus_n his_o son_n and_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o long_a peace_n they_o both_o enjoy_v husbandry_n be_v cherish_v and_o the_o province_n improve_v in_o tillage_n and_o pasturage_n so_o that_o it_o be_v now_o account_v the_o egypt_n of_o europe_n as_o have_v supply_v the_o want_n of_o most_o part_n thereof_o with_o corn_n whilst_o the_o vistula_n be_v navigable_a serve_v to_o convey_v all_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n to_o dantzick_n yet_o this_o good_a husbandry_n do_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o it_o be_v well_o store_v with_o tree_n as_o oak_n beech_n fir_n etc._n etc._n not_o only_o profitable_a for_o the_o common_a advantage_n of_o wood_n but_o also_o for_o the_o vast_a quantity_n of_o honey_n and_o wax_n which_o they_o yearly_o afford_v the_o hollow_a tree_n supply_v hive_n and_o the_o leaf_n and_o wild_a flower_n nourishment_n to_o innumerable_a swarm_n of_o bee_n the_o air_n be_v cold_a even_o to_o that_o extremity_n air._n air._n that_o tree_n be_v oftentimes_o parch_v to_o the_o very_a root_n and_o water_n pour_v down_o freeze_v ere_o it_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o lake_n and_o river_n be_v often_o freeze_v five_o or_o six_o month_n together_o and_o be_v passable_a by_o coach_n and_o cart_n lade_v at_o the_o end_n of_o march_n this_o vehement_a sharpness_n of_o the_o air_n we_o may_v rational_o impute_v to_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o continent_n and_o the_o opacousness_n of_o the_o overspreading_a wood_n yet_o notwithstanding_o orchard_n and_o garden_n be_v very_o frequent_a and_o plentiful_o store_v with_o fruit_n and_o flower_n as_o excellent_a in_o their_o kind_n as_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n this_o country_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n plain_a mine_n mine_n abound_v not_o in_o mineral_n yet_o some_o mine_n there_o be_v as_o of_o lead_n and_o iron_n in_o divers_a place_n of_o quicksilver_n at_o tustan_n in_o red_a russia_n of_o vitriol_n near_o biecz_n in_o cracovia_n but_o the_o most_o considerable_a of_o all_o be_v the_o salt-mine_n at_o bochnia_n and_o velisca_n in_o the_o lesser_a poland_n which_o be_v the_o great_a enrichment_n not_o only_o of_o the_o country_n but_o of_o the_o king_n exchequer_n also_o they_o descend_v into_o the_o mine_n with_o long_a rope_n as_o we_o into_o our_o coal-pit_n and_o there_o dig_v out_o great_a mass_n of_o salt_n in_o street_n leave_v so_o much_o interstitium_fw-la as_o be_v sufficient_a to_o sustain_v the_o earth_n it_o be_v general_o of_o a_o bluish_a colour_n yet_o some_o be_v white_a and_o transparent_a like_o crystal_n when_o it_o be_v new_o get_v it_o have_v a_o bitterish_a taste_n but_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n become_v sweet_a as_o also_o more_o heavy_a and_o brittle_a in_o these_o mine_n be_v small_a fountain_n of_o salt_n water_n which_o boil_v with_o piece_n of_o the_o rock_n yield_v great_a quantity_n of_o excellent_a salt_n they_o have_v also_o some_o vein_n of_o sal_fw-la gemmae_fw-la and_o of_o another_o mineral_n resemble_v hard_a pitch_n call_v by_o they_o carbunculus_fw-la as_o cromerus_n say_v which_o take_v in_o powder_n purge_v in_o the_o deep_a cavern_n of_o the_o mine_n the_o workman_n be_v say_v sometime_o to_o hear_v voice_n like_o those_o of_o cock_n dog_n and_o other_o animal_n which_o they_o esteem_v a_o bad_a omen_n the_o chief_a river_n of_o poland_n be_v 1._o rivers_n rivers_n the_o weissel_n mention_v in_o author_n under_o the_o different_a name_n of_o vistula_n visula_n visla_n justilla_n istula_n and_o vandalus_n it_o rise_v in_o the_o duchy_n of_o teschen_n in_o silesia_n out_o of_o the_o mountain_n carpathus_n now_o crapack_o in_o the_o confine_n of_o hungary_n whence_o run_v to_o cracow_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o lesser_a poland_n and_o there_o become_v navigable_a by_o the_o accession_n of_o other_o stream_n it_o continue_v its_o course_n eastward_o to_o sandomiria_n and_o thence_o northward_o to_o warzaw_v in_o masovia_n afterward_o wind_v for_o some_o league_n westward_o to_o thorn_n in_o prussia_n it_o turn_v again_o to_o the_o north_n and_o at_o the_o island_n grosswerder_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o stream_n empty_v itself_o by_o the_o one_o into_o the_o bay_n frischhaff_a and_o by_o the_o other_o into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n the_o head_n of_o this_o river_n lie_v in_o 49_o deg_fw-la 20_o min._n of_o latitude_n and_o its_o mouth_n in_o 54_o but_o both_o in_o 41_o deg_fw-la of_o longitude_n its_o course_n be_v above_o 100_o polish_v mile_n it_o divide_v ancient_o the_o european_a sarmatia_n from_o germany_n 2._o the_o warta_n rise_v near_o cromolow_v in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o cracovia_n under_o 40_o deg_fw-la 50_o min._n of_o longitude_n and_o 50_o deg_fw-la 30_o min._n of_o latitude_n and_o from_o thence_o take_v a_o wind_a course_n to_o the_o northwest_n wash_v the_o town_n of_o olstin_n warta_n posna_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o great_a poland_n and_o near_o costrin_n fall_v into_o the_o other_o 3._o notez_fw-fr which_o flow_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n goblo_fw-mi in_o the_o great_a poland_n and_o after_o a_o long_a course_n to_o the_o southwestward_o near_o dresen_fw-mi discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o warta_n 4._o the_o niester_n or_o tyras_n of_o the_o ancient_n which_o take_v its_o rise_n out_o of_o the_o sarmatian_a mountain_n near_o the_o head_n of_o san_n run_v at_o first_o to_o the_o north_n then_o wind_v eastward_o and_o enlarge_v with_o many_o lesser_a river_n water_n the_o province_n of_o pocutia_n separate_v both_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a
etc._n so_o that_o in_o those_o part_n only_o they_o make_v garden_n and_o till_o their_o ground_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n the_o air_n though_o very_o cold_a and_o pierce_a yet_o be_v not_o inferior_a to_o any_o of_o other_o region_n in_o healthfulness_n and_o pureness_n either_o because_o the_o vapour_n coagulate_v and_o so_o make_v heavy_a by_o the_o cold_a fall_n down_o or_o from_o the_o frequent_a wind_n which_o sometime_o be_v so_o strong_a that_o they_o hinder_v all_o passenger_n from_o travel_v and_o likewise_o root_v up_o all_o tree_n and_o bush_n that_o stand_v in_o their_o way_n so_o that_o on_o several_a of_o the_o laplandish_a as_o well_o as_o dofrine_v mountain_n there_o be_v no_o tree_n or_o shrub_n to_o be_v meet_v with_o therefore_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v use_v of_o fish-bone_n for_o fuel_n but_o most_o terrible_a be_v those_o tempest_n and_o whirlwind_n say_v j._n magn._n which_o arise_v from_o the_o north_n sometime_o take_v away_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o under_o the_o ship_n and_o carry_v the_o ship_n up_o into_o the_o air_n let_v they_o fall_v down_o again_o at_o far_o distant_a place_n sometime_o also_o sweep_v away_o with_o they_o both_o stone_n and_o live_a creature_n and_o now_o and_o then_o meet_v with_o great_a quantity_n of_o fish_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n use_v to_o dry_v in_o the_o cold_a they_o hoist_v they_o up_o into_o the_o air_n and_o let_v they_o fall_v which_o the_o poor_a people_n gather_v as_o a_o gift_n send_v from_o god_n in_o those_o part_n near_a the_o pole_n the_o sun_n for_o some_o month_n never_o set_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_a for_o so_o long_a time_n never_o rise_v and_o although_o in_o summer_n it_o never_o set_v and_o go_v below_o the_o earth_n yet_o neither_o do_v it_o rise_v more_o above_o it_o but_o as_o it_o be_v glide_v along_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o horizon_n for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o likewise_o in_o winter_n when_o low_a it_o be_v not_o much_o beneath_o it_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o though_o they_o have_v one_o continue_a night_n for_o some_o month_n yet_o the_o sun_n come_v so_o near_o that_o it_o make_v a_o kind_n of_o twilight_n snow_n be_v frequent_a which_o last_o all_o the_o year_n long_o upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o many_o month_n upon_o the_o plain_n by_o the_o brightness_n whereof_o they_o travel_v with_o great_a security_n and_o speed_n then_o otherwise_o they_o can_v do_v spring_n and_o river_n be_v so_o numerous_a in_o this_o country_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o that_o together_o with_o the_o melt_a snow_n and_o frost_n they_o make_v the_o ground_n all_o summer_n time_n general_o loose_a and_o boggy_a the_o most_o note_a river_n be_v those_o whence_o the_o particular_a march_n and_o region_n have_v their_o name_n as_o vmeao_n pitheao_n luhleao_n torneao_n and_o kimeao_n these_o all_o spring_n from_o the_o dofrine_n mountain_n and_o be_v increase_v by_o several_a lesser_a river_n do_v at_o last_o unburthen_v themselves_o into_o the_o bothnick_a sea_n in_o their_o course_n they_o run_v through_o many_o hilly_a and_o uneven_a part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o be_v stop_v by_o several_a dam_n and_o wear_v and_o so_o violent_o force_v their_o way_n over_o precipice_n be_v not_o navigable_a such_o be_v the_o sluice_n muscaumokke_n sao_n and_o niometsaski_n i._n e._n hares-leap_a so_o call_v because_o the_o river_n lughla_fw-mi run_v between_o two_o mountain_n so_o near_o that_o a_o hare_n may_v leap_v over_o beside_o these_o lake_n lake_n and_o other_o less_o remarkable_a river_n there_o be_v abundance_n of_o pool_n or_o lake_n as_o lulafraesk_n lugga_n sabbaig_n etc._n etc._n well_o store_v with_o salmon_n and_o such_o like_a fish_n one_o there_o be_v name_v stoorafvan_n in_o which_o there_o be_v as_o many_o little_a island_n as_o there_o be_v day_n in_o the_o year_n but_o the_o most_o remarkable_a be_v enaresraesk_n near_o kimus_n wherein_o the_o hill_n and_o island_n be_v by_o some_o say_v to_o be_v innumerable_a and_o torneus_fw-la affirm_v that_o never_o any_o inhabitant_n live_v long_o enough_o to_o survey_v they_o all_o some_o of_o these_o be_v small_a but_o fishy_a they_o call_v they_o suino_n i._n e._n holy_a and_o account_v it_o a_o sin_n to_o foul_a they_o some_o of_o they_o have_v two_o channel_n and_o when_o the_o fish_n forsake_v the_o upper_a they_o account_v it_o a_o ill_a omen_n and_o use_v ridiculous_a sacrifice_n to_o the_o daemon_n of_o that_o march_n here_o be_v mountain_n most_o of_o they_o small_a and_o inconsiderable_a mountain_n mountain_n some_o also_o very_o high_a and_o almost_o unpassable_a especial_o towards_o norway_n which_o the_o swede_n call_v fiael_n or_o as_o the_o northern_a english_a fell_n and_o the_o laplander_n tudderi_n they_o arise_v about_o zemptland_n whence_o with_o continue_a ascent_n towards_o the_o north_n they_o reach_v a_o 100_o mile_n in_o length_n till_o they_o come_v to_o titus-fiord_a which_o be_v a_o bay_n of_o the_o freeze_a sea_n till_o 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the_o sledd_a after_o it_o or_o else_o cover_v it_o with_o great_a log_n of_o wood_n to_o secure_v it_o from_o wild_a beast_n always_o lay_v beside_o it_o a_o flint_n and_o steel_n and_o sometime_o a_o hatchet_n which_o they_o suppose_v may_v be_v serviceable_a to_o they_o in_o the_o other_o world_n at_o their_o return_n they_o provide_v a_o funeral_n banquet_n or_o rather_o a_o sacrifice_n to_o the_o ghost_n of_o the_o decease_a person_n which_o be_v thus_o they_o take_v those_o rain-deer_n that_o drag_v the_o dead_a body_n to_o the_o grave_n and_o offer_v they_o in_o sacrifice_n to_o the_o mane_n feast_v upon_o their_o flesh_n and_o make_v merry_a with_o brandy_n and_o tobacco_n and_o the_o best_a cheer_n they_o have_v at_o last_o they_o drink_v a_o health_n round_o to_o the_o person_n depart_v this_o do_v they_o careful_o gather_v the_o bone_n of_o the_o rain-deer_n put_v they_o into_o a_o box_n with_o a_o rude_a image_n of_o their_o friend_n and_o so_o bury_v they_o together_o these_o ceremony_n observe_v also_o in_o their_o heathenism_n show_v that_o even_o then_o as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o dictate_v of_o nature_n they_o conceive_v themselves_o to_o consist_v of_o a_o immortal_a part_n also_o and_o that_o they_o expect_v another_o life_n after_o this_o wherein_o they_o imagine_v every_o one_o to_o follow_v their_o former_a employment_n and_o consequent_o to_o be_v again_o unite_v to_o their_o body_n the_o life_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o laplander_n as_o it_o be_v express_v in_o the_o plate_n here_o annex_v the_o upper-part_n be_v their_o summer-living_a the_o underpart_n their_o way_n of_o live_v in_o winter_n in_o the_o upper-part_n you_o have_v 1_o a_o church_n for_o those_o who_o be_v convert_v to_o the_o lutheran_n religion_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o which_o in_o lieu_n of_o a_o 2_o basin_n of_o holywater_n there_o stand_v one_o full_a of_o brandywine_n with_o a_o spoon_n in_o it_o of_o which_o every_o one_o who_o come_v to_o church_n take_v a_o sup_n to_o encourage_v and_o warm_v his_o zeal_n the_o first_o man_n you_o see_v represent_v the_o 3_o priest_n the_o next_o the_o best_a 4_o man_n of_o the_o parish_n then_o follow_v a_o 5_o bride_n attend_v upon_o by_o two_o 6_o bridemaid_n after_o who_o come_v the_o 7_o bridegroom_n and_o other_o friend_n 8_o their_o manner_n of_o make_v basket_n which_o be_v their_o great_a trade_n 9_o their_o way_n of_o carry_v and_o of_o rock_v their_o child_n 10_o the_o manner_n how_o the_o young_a child_n grow_v up_o suck_v the_o rain-deer_n 11_o the_o man_n and_o wife_n way_n of_o lie_v in_o bed_n 12_o their_o house_n for_o keep_v their_o provision_n themselves_o in_o the_o cold_a part_n of_o winter_n lie_v in_o tent_n 13_o their_o manner_n of_o eat_v 14_o the_o priest_n way_n of_o baptise_v and_o the_o clark_n bring_v water_n 15_o their_o way_n of_o wire-drawing_a which_o be_v much_o use_v among_o they_o for_o adorn_v of_o their_o boot_n and_o coat_n 16_o among_o those_o who_o be_v not_o yet_o convert_v to_o the_o christian_a religion_n you_o have_v their_o way_n of_o sacrifice_v 17_o their_o three_o god_n stand_v uppermost_a and_o under_o each_o of_o they_o upon_o the_o altar_n lie_v three_o piece_n of_o the_o sacrifice_a rain-deer_n 18_o their_o way_n of_o pray_v to_o they_o 19_o their_o way_n of_o burial_n 20_o their_o way_n of_o pray_v to_o death_n that_o it_o will_v be_v please_v to_o spare_v they_o awhile_o in_o the_o underpart_n you_o have_v 1_o their_o manner_n of_o bring_v their_o tax_n consist_v of_o several_a sort_n of_o skin_n and_o dry_a fish_n to_o the_o king_n commissioner_n which_o be_v pay_v each_o one_o take_v a_o large_a spoonful_n of_o brandywine_n which_o stand_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o table_n and_o so_o away_o above_o which_o you_o see_v the_o 2_o commissioner_n tent._n 3_o their_o way_n of_o travel_v in_o sledd_n draw_v by_o rain-deer_n which_o by_o the_o by_o do_v agree_v so_o well_o with_o those_o barren_a country_n that_o if_o you_o do_v but_o bring_v they_o into_o sweden_n which_o yet_o be_v none_o of_o the_o most_o fertile_a they_o die_v in_o a_o short_a time_n 4_o their_o way_n of_o carry_v their_o good_n 5_o their_o manner_n of_o rule_v their_o rain-deer_n with_o a_o whip_n or_o line_n 6_o their_o way_n of_o shoot_v they_o 7_o their_o take_a tobacco_n which_o they_o prize_v above_o meat_n 8_o their_o speak_n in_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o rain-deer_n tell_v they_o what_o they_o shall_v do_v or_o whither_o they_o shall_v go_v which_o as_o i_o be_o credible_o inform_v they_o will_v observe_v exact_o 9_o their_o manner_n of_o gelding_n they_o 10_o their_o way_n of_o lay_v their_o head_n under_o a_o drum_n which_o the_o devil_n beat_v and_o from_o thence_o the_o man_n learn_v what_o success_n he_o shall_v have_v in_o his_o affair_n 11_o his_o give_v the_o man_n the_o hammer_n and_o let_v he_o beat_v of_o the_o province_n of_o sweden_n proper_o so_o take_v next_o to_o be_v speak_v to_o be_v suecia_n or_o sweden_n strict_o so_o call_v of_o which_o because_o it_o have_v be_v honour_v always_o by_o the_o residence_n of_o their_o king_n and_o be_v the_o chief_a scene_n of_o swedish_n affair_n we_o shall_v in_o the_o first_o place_n treat_v and_o afterward_o speak_v of_o gothia_n or_o gothland_n with_o all_o its_o province_n rather_o as_o a_o accession_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n than_o a_o distinct_a kingdom_n from_o it_o though_o ancient_o gothia_n and_o suecia_n have_v their_o distinct_a succession_n of_o king_n of_o finland_n ingria_n and_o aesthonia_n with_o the_o late_a conquest_n in_o livonia_n pomeren_n etc._n etc._n we_o shall_v in_o the_o last_o place_n discourse_n reserve_v the_o law_n and_o government_n as_o also_o the_o manner_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n till_o we_o come_v to_o stockholm_n the_o present_a metropolis_n of_o this_o great_a empire_n suecia_n then_o suecia_n suecia_n or_o suetia_n call_v by_o the_o english_a sweden_n or_o swedland_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o lapland_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o dofrine_n hill_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o bothnick_a and_o finnick_n bay_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o gothland_n and_o sconen_n a_o fruitful_a but_o in_o some_o part_n mountainous_a and_o woody_a country_n abound_v with_o several_a rich_a mine_n and_o afford_v very_o great_a conveniency_n of_o water_n and_o fuel_n for_o work_v they_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o general_a part_n viz._n suecia_n strict_o so_o take_v and_o the_o northlands_n or_o northlandish_a province_n i._o the_o northlands_n contain_v in_o they_o two_o distinct_a country_n or_o province_n helsingia_n and_o gestricia_n part_v one_o from_o the_o other_o by_o the_o great_a wood_n oedemord_v 1._o gestricia_n gestricia_n gestricia_n which_o afford_v some_o
south_n part_n of_o westro-gothia_a the_o ground_n be_v so_o rich_a and_o fertile_a that_o thirty-six_a day_n after_o they_o have_v sow_o they_o reap_v their_o barley_n beast_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v here_o in_o great_a plenty_n beast_n beast_n as_o horse_n elk_n bear_n wild_a bull_n castor_n or_o beaver_n sables_n ermine_n martron_n etc._n etc._n sheep_n also_o and_o ox_n not_o only_o sufficient_a to_o supply_v the_o whole_a country_n but_o also_o to_o have_v great_a number_n transport_v out_o of_o finland_n schonen_fw-mi etc._n etc._n into_o other_o nation_n tree_n also_o be_v here_o in_o great_a abundance_n tree_n tree_n as_o fir_n pine_n birch_n juniper_n etc._n etc._n apple_n also_o and_o pear_n plumb_n and_o other_o fruit-tree_n and_o of_o late_a hop_n have_v be_v plant_v here_o the_o pine_n and_o fir_n which_o grow_v upon_o the_o seacoast_n be_v say_v to_o have_v in_o the_o summertime_n a_o kind_n of_o rosinous_n gum_n distil_v from_o they_o which_o fall_v into_o the_o baltic_a and_o bothnick_a sea_n and_o by_o the_o wave_n carry_v to_o the_o prussian_a shore_n have_v give_v occasion_n to_o some_o to_o ascribe_v to_o this_o the_o original_n of_o their_o amber_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v rather_o a_o coagulation_n of_o petroleum_n honey_n abound_v very_o much_o in_o this_o country_n not_o only_o preserve_v in_o hive_n in_o their_o garden_n but_o ordinary_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o the_o wood_n wine_n have_v be_v sometime_o in_o such_o scarcity_n here_o that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v furnish_v for_o the_o communion_n to_o remedy_v which_o divers_a author_n report_n that_o p._n innocent_a viii_o ann_n '_o 1486_o give_v leave_v to_o the_o priest_n of_o norway_n and_o place_n under_o the_o same_o parallel_n to_o celebrate_v in_o some_o other_o liquor_n the_o air_n be_v of_o different_a temperature_n aâ—â—_n aâ—â—_n according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o clime_n for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v cold_a pure_a free_a from_o vapour_n and_o consequent_o healthful_a in_o those_o part_n near_o the_o bethnic_n and_o baltic_a coast_n it_o be_v frequent_o mud_v with_o sea_n and_o marish_a vapour_n serpent_n and_o venomous_a beast_n whatever_o some_o author_n say_v be_v not_o at_o all_o or_o very_o rare_o in_o these_o country_n but_o fowl_n and_o fish_n of_o all_o sort_n in_o so_o great_a abundance_n that_o even_o the_o peasant_n contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o other_o country_n be_v permit_v to_o catch_v and_o to_o make_v profit_n of_o they_o lake_n here_o be_v many_o and_o very_o large_a lâ—â—â—â—_n lâ—â—â—â—_n the_o great_a and_o most_o considerable_a be_v 1._o meller_n in_o vpland_n well_o store_v with_o salmon_n pike_n and_o such_o like_a fish_n and_o in_o winter_n so_o hard_o freeze_v that_o it_o be_v ordinary_a to_o have_v market_n and_o fair_n keep_v upon_o it_o 2._o hielmer_n in_o nericia_n 3._o sitian_n in_o dalecarlia_n 4._o vener_n in_o westro-gothia_a a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o english_a mile_n in_o length_n and_o forty_o in_o breadth_n have_v many_o island_n in_o it_o and_o twentyfour_o considerable_a river_n which_o fall_v from_o the_o norwegian_a mountain_n unburthen_v themselves_o into_o it_o all_o which_o have_v but_o one_o passage_n out_o call_v tralhetta_n i._n e_o the_o devil_n cap_n lie_v towards_o the_o south_n 5._o veter_fw-la in_o the_o same_o province_n who_o water_n be_v so_o clear_a and_o calm_a that_o one_o may_v discern_v the_o bottom_n at_o a_o great_a depth_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o this_o lake_n be_v ancient_o found_v the_o monastery_n of_o st._n bridget_n the_o chief_a saint_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o of_o st._n catherine_n her_o daughter_n with_o several_a other_o noble_a building_n 6._o vlatraesch_n in_o cajania_n 7._o pejenda_fw-la in_o tavastia_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v 8._o ladoga_n upon_o the_o confine_n of_o muscovy_n the_o great_a part_n of_o which_o be_v by_o a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n cede_v by_o the_o muscovite_n to_o this_o crown_n all_o of_o they_o abound_v with_o fish_n the_o revenue_n of_o which_o make_v no_o small_a addition_n to_o the_o king_n exchequer_n from_o these_o lake_n arise_v many_o river_n râ—â—â—â—â—_n râ—â—â—â—â—_n run_v so_o orderly_o from_o one_o to_o another_o that_o they_o may_v seem_v like_o those_o in_o holland_n to_o have_v their_o channel_n cut_v and_o direct_v by_o art_n the_o first_o be_v dalecarle_n who_o head_n be_v in_o the_o dofrine_n mountain_n whence_o it_o fall_v into_o dalecarlia_n take_v in_o several_a lesser_a current_n at_o torsang_n and_o so_o part_v the_o province_n of_o upland_n and_o gestricia_n and_o at_o last_o fall_v into_o the_o bothnick_a bay_n 2._o saga_fw-la or_o sawe_n which_o divide_v vpland_n from_o westmannia_n 3._o angermannie_n which_o water_v angermannia_n and_o be_v note_v for_o its_o abundance_n of_o salmon_n with_o several_a other_o of_o lesser_a note_n mine_n in_o this_o country_n be_v very_o frequent_a mâ—â—â—â—_n mâ—â—â—â—_n as_o of_o silver_n copper_n iron_n lead_v alum_n vitriol_n sulphur_n etc._n etc._n every_o province_n almost_o afford_v some_o more_o or_o less_o where_o we_o shall_v make_v mention_n of_o they_o the_o great_a part_n belong_v to_o the_o subject_n yet_o some_o few_o be_v whole_o in_o the_o king_n possession_n workman_n be_v maintain_v and_o the_o whole_a revenue_n receive_v by_o the_o crown_n in_o the_o year_n 1264_o magnus_n laduslaus_n then_o king_n institute_v or_o rather_o re-establisht_a a_o society_n of_o miner_n to_o take_v care_n of_o all_o affair_n relate_v to_o the_o mine_n and_o to_o determine_v all_o controversy_n arise_v concern_v they_o these_o man_n in_o the_o year_n 1649_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n christina_n have_v many_o privilege_n grant_v to_o they_o and_o several_a new_a law_n make_v among_o they_o of_o which_o we_o find_v extant_a these_o viz._n if_o any_o subject_n discover_v a_o mine_n in_o his_o own_o ground_n of_o what_o metal_n soever_o the_o whole_a profit_n of_o it_o be_v to_o belong_v to_o he_o for_o six_o year_n after_o which_o time_n he_o be_v to_o pay_v ten_o to_o the_o king_n and_o if_o he_o maintain_v a_o forge_n to_o fit_v out_o for_o every_o hammer_n he_o keep_v one_o man_n and_o wagon_n in_o time_n of_o war_n for_o the_o king_n service_n from_o these_o mine_n come_v the_o most_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o king_n revenue_n in_o the_o year_n 1578_o two_o or_o three_o copper_n mine_n be_v say_v to_o have_v yield_v to_o the_o king_n exchequer_n above_o 500_o squipons_n every_o squipon_n be_v value_v at_o 30000_o dollar_n and_o other_o mine_n proportionable_o every_o year_n since_o of_o the_o government_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o swede_n the_o king_n of_o sweden_n be_v say_v at_o first_o to_o have_v be_v elect_v by_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n who_o never_o assemble_v but_o upon_o this_o occasion_n he_o who_o they_o common_o make_v the_o subject_n of_o their_o choice_n be_v of_o the_o royal_a line_n or_o some_o one_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o their_o own_o country_n and_o as_o some_o say_v among_o these_o caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la the_o tall_a and_o most_o personable_a the_o place_n where_o the_o election_n be_v perform_v be_v vpsal_n where_o they_o assemble_v and_o have_v agree_v who_o shall_v be_v their_o prince_n they_o go_v forth_o of_o the_o city_n to_o a_o place_n call_v moresten_n a_o small_a distance_n from_o it_o here_o be_v set_v in_o order_n thirteen_o large_a stone_n one_o in_o the_o middle_n whereon_o be_v place_v their_o new_a elect_a king_n the_o other_o twelve_o round_o it_o for_o the_o twelve_o senator_n where_o after_o some_o few_o ceremony_n a_o declaration_n of_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o king_n etc._n etc._n they_o propose_v to_o he_o a_o oath_n that_o he_o will_v protect_v and_o administer_v justice_n to_o his_o people_n and_o the_o elector_n for_o themselves_o the_o absent_a nobility_n all_o the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n and_o all_o their_o posterity_n mutual_o engage_v that_o they_o will_v obey_v his_o law_n and_o bear_v faithful_a allegiance_n to_o he_o these_o rite_n perform_v the_o new_a king_n use_v to_o invite_v all_o his_o elector_n and_o noble_n to_o banquet_n where_o he_o himself_o wait_v on_o they_o and_o afford_v they_o great_a and_o splendid_a entertainment_n all_o which_o end_v with_o a_o solemn_a grace-cup_n call_v by_o they_o berga-beger_n these_o custom_n since_o under_o gustavus_n the_o first_o the_o kingdom_n be_v make_v hereditary_a be_v quite_o leave_v off_o and_o when_o the_o coronation_n be_v to_o be_v solemnize_v the_o noble_n and_o chief_a officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n meet_v at_o the_o king_n palace_n at_o vpsal_n whence_o they_o go_v to_o the_o metropolitan_a church_n in_o order_n the_o senator_n of_o the_o kingdom_n carry_v the_o royal_a ornament_n the_o drotset_a or_o viceroy_n the_o crown_n the_o marshal_n the_o sword_n the_o admiral_n the_o sceptre_n the_o chancellor_n the_o golden_a globe_n the_o grand_a
pass_v all_o the_o merchant-ship_n which_o traffic_n in_o the_o baltic_a the_o breadth_n of_o it_o be_v about_o twelve_o german_a mile_n and_o the_o length_n eighteen_o this_o island_n be_v undoubted_o the_o ancient_a codanonia_n mention_v by_o pomponius_n mela_n which_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o the_o more_o modern_a word_n dania_n and_o denmark_n most_o of_o the_o danish_a etymologist_n derive_v seeland_n from_o soedland_n or_o seedland_n from_o the_o plenty_n of_o corn_n which_o this_o country_n afford_v other_o with_o great_a probability_n make_v the_o word_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o a_o island_n or_o piece_n of_o ground_n encompass_v with_o the_o sea_n whence_o saxon_a grammaticus_n and_o several_a other_o ancient_a historian_n call_v it_o seelandia_n from_o the_o old_a danish_a word_n siam_fw-it or_o sio_n which_o be_v now_o turn_v into_o so_o and_o in_o our_o english_a tongue_n corrupt_v into_o sea_n in_o most_o or_o all_o of_o the_o ancient_a runic_a manuscript_n it_o be_v call_v soelunder_n or_o the_o seagrove_n the_o edda_n islandorum_n call_v it_o soelund_n and_o give_v we_o this_o account_n of_o the_o first_o original_n of_o the_o word_n there_o be_v former_o a_o certain_a king_n in_o sweden_n name_v gylfi_n who_o promise_v a_o asian_a sorceress_n call_v gesion_n who_o have_v please_v he_o with_o her_o melody_n as_o much_o land_n as_o four_o ox_n can_v plough_v up_o in_o one_o day_n and_o a_o night_n whereupon_o the_o old_a hag_n bring_v four_o of_o her_o son_n out_o of_o north_n jutland_n and_o turn_v they_o into_o as_o many_o ox_n cause_v they_o to_o plough_v up_o a_o large_a and_o deep_a furrow_n round_o this_o piece_n of_o ground_n which_o when_o the_o sea_n have_v fill_v up_o the_o land_n become_v a_o isle_n and_o be_v call_v seelund_n stephanius_n think_v ptolemy_n allude_v to_o this_o fable_n when_o speak_v of_o some_o island_n in_o the_o baltic_a he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i.e._n beyond_o the_o cimbrian_a chersonese_n lie_v three_o island_n call_v alociae_fw-la from_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o furrow_n copenhagen_n the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o island_n copenhagen_n copenhagen_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o denmark_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o east_n of_o seeland_n upon_o the_o seashore_n the_o dane_n call_v it_o kiobenhaun_n and_o the_o german_n copenhaven_n both_o which_o word_n be_v corruption_n of_o kiobmanshafen_n i.e._n portus_n mercatorum_fw-la as_o saxo_n somewhere_o call_v it_o mejerus_fw-la a_o learned_a frisian_a writer_n derive_v the_o name_n of_o this_o city_n from_o coppen_n which_o say_v he_o in_o the_o frisian_a language_n signify_v james_n and_o haven_n q.d._n st._n james_n haven_n but_o there_o be_v very_o little_a or_o no_o ground_n for_o any_o such_o derivation_n about_o the_o year_n 1168_o axil_v wide_o surname_v snare_n saxo_n call_v he_o absalon_n archbishop_n of_o denmark_n build_v a_o considerable_a fortification_n in_o the_o island_n in_o which_o now_o stand_v the_o castle_n this_o be_v call_v after_o his_o name_n axel-huys_a and_o be_v a_o good_a defence_n to_o the_o whole_a island_n against_o the_o daily_a incursion_n of_o pirate_n under_o the_o protection_n of_o this_o fort_n several_a fisherman_n and_o other_o that_o trade_v this_o way_n use_v to_o harbour_v their_o ship_n in_o security_n this_o cause_v a_o continual_a concourse_n of_o the_o native_n who_o resort_v hither_o to_o furnish_v the_o vessel_n with_o such_o provision_n as_o their_o country_n afford_v and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n lay_v the_o first_o rude_a draught_n of_o a_o city_n which_o at_o this_o day_n for_o strength_n trade_n beauty_n and_o bulk_n be_v not_o surpass_v by_o many_o in_o europe_n most_o of_o the_o danish_a king_n especial_o christian_n iu._n have_v be_v very_o active_a in_o beautify_v this_o city_n with_o a_o university_n church_n wall_n ditch_n etc._n etc._n james_n ecland_n bishop_n of_o roschild_n be_v the_o first_o that_o grant_v any_o privilege_n to_o it_o in_o the_o year_n 1254._o these_o his_o successor_n ignatius_n confirm_v and_o they_o be_v afterward_o considerable_o enlarge_v by_o king_n waldemar_n in_o the_o year_n 1341_o and_o eric_n of_o pomeren_n in_o the_o year_n 1371._o christopher_n of_o bavaria_n endow_v it_o with_o municipal_a immunity_n like_o the_o other_o city_n of_o denmark_n in_o the_o year_n 1443._o all_o which_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o large_a charter_n of_o christian_a the_o three_o and_o frideric_n the_o second_o the_o citizen_n house_n till_o within_o these_o few_o year_n be_v very_o mean_a and_o low_a most_o of_o they_o patch_v up_o of_o wood_n and_o mortar_n but_o of_o late_o they_o be_v grow_v more_o curious_a and_o expensive_a in_o architecture_n and_o few_o of_o their_o street_n be_v without_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o fair_a brick_n building_n the_o cathedral_n church_n dedicate_v to_o st._n mary_n be_v beautify_v with_o a_o noble_a copper_n spire_n build_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o king_n christian_n the_o four_o the_o advowsance_n of_o this_o church_n belong_v to_o the_o professor_n in_o the_o university_n the_o marketplace_n be_v exceed_o spacious_a and_o no_o small_a ornament_n to_o the_o town_n beside_o these_o the_o king_n palace_n the_o arsenal_n which_o perhaps_o excel_v any_o thing_n that_o europe_n afford_v in_o this_o kind_n the_o observatory_n or_o runde_n taarn_v and_o the_o adjoin_a university_n church_n and_o library_n the_o exchange_n etc._n etc._n be_v place_n rich_o worth_a the_o see_n and_o deserve_v a_o large_a description_n than_o the_o bound_n of_o this_o short_a account_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n will_v permit_v the_o city_n be_v govern_v by_o four_o burgomaster_n one_o whereof_o be_v regent_n or_o precedent_n for_o his_o life_n this_o honour_n be_v at_o present_a confer_v on_o that_o worthy_a and_o learned_a person_n p._n john_n resenius_n professor_n of_o moral_a philosophy_n in_o the_o university_n at_o copenhagen_n and_o counsellor_n to_o the_o present_a king_n of_o denmark_n with_o he_o most_o of_o the_o other_o professor_n of_o note_n in_o this_o university_n as_o william_n langius_n former_o tutor_n to_o this_o present_a king_n christian_n the_o five_o erasmus_n vindingius_fw-la professor_n of_o history_n and_o geography_n and_o author_n of_o the_o academia_n hafniensis_n which_o give_v we_o a_o exact_a account_n of_o all_o the_o famous_a man_n that_o have_v ever_o flourish_v in_o this_o university_n thomas_n and_o erasmus_n bartholini_n both_o well_o know_v by_o their_o incomparable_a work_n etc._n etc._n be_v at_o this_o day_n minister_n of_o state_n in_o the_o court_n of_o denmark_n and_o keep_v only_o the_o title_n and_o pension_n of_o professor_n without_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o duty_n selandiae_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la daniae_fw-la insulae_fw-la chorographica_n descriptio_fw-la apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a et_fw-la mosem_fw-la pitt_n viro_fw-la illustri_fw-la ac_fw-la gentroso_fw-la dno_fw-la georgio_n seefeldo_n haereditario_fw-la in_o reffes_n regni_fw-la daniae_fw-la senatori_fw-la ac_fw-la judici_fw-la provintiali_fw-la selandico_n domino_fw-la ac_fw-la patrono_fw-la plurimum_fw-la honorando_fw-la d._n d._n d._n johannes_n janssonius_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o great_a town_n and_o place_n of_o note_n in_o this_o island_n be_v roschild_n roschild_n 1._o roschild_n which_o take_v its_o name_n from_o a_o river_n run_v by_o the_o town_n which_o drive_v seven_o mill_n roe_n in_o the_o ancient_a danish_a tongue_n signify_v a_o king_n and_o kill_v a_o stream_n of_o water_n it_o be_v former_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n but_o of_o late_a year_n this_o city_n have_v decay_v and_o copenhagen_n grow_v so_o fast_o that_o it_o be_v scarce_o remarkable_a for_o any_o thing_n at_o this_o day_n save_o the_o great_a old_a cathedral_n the_o bury_a place_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o some_o small_a trade_n this_o city_n be_v first_o make_v a_o bishop_n see_v by_o suenotho_n king_n of_o england_n denmark_n sweden_n and_o norway_n about_o the_o year_n 1012._o who_o give_v the_o bishopric_n of_o roschild_n which_o be_v now_o swallow_v up_o of_o copenhagen_n to_o gerebrand_n a_o monk_n afterward_o sueno_n gratenhede_v fortify_v it_o with_o a_o wall_n ditch_n and_o bulwark_n lyscander_n tell_v we_o there_o be_v once_o no_o less_o than_o twenty_o seven_o fair_a church_n in_o this_o town_n among_o these_o i_o suppose_v he_o reckon_v the_o chapel_n build_v by_o king_n harald_n svenotho_n father_n in_o which_o both_o he_o and_o his_o son_n who_o dead_a corpse_n be_v carry_v out_o of_o england_n to_o roschild_n to_o be_v bury_v be_v entomb_v in_o the_o old_a cathedral_n among_o many_o other_o rich_a monument_n in_o honour_n of_o several_a of_o the_o danish_a king_n and_o queen_n stand_v a_o fair_a marble_n pillar_n which_o margaret_n queen_n of_o denmark_n erect_v on_o purpose_n to_o hang_v thereon_o the_o whetstone_n which_o be_v fasten_v to_o it_o with_o a_o chain_n which_o albert_n king_n of_o
and_o its_o people_n too_o stiff-necked_a to_o be_v keep_v in_o subjection_n in_o the_o day_n of_o our_o saxon_a king_n a_o continual_a and_o uninterrupted_a war_n between_o this_o nation_n and_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n put_v a_o stop_n to_o all_o trade_n in_o the_o british_a and_o norwegian_a sea_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o dane_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o this_o island_n commerce_n be_v again_o renew_v which_o last_v till_o the_o english_a take_v their_o opportunity_n to-shew_a the_o world_n by_o reject_v the_o power_n of_o denmark_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o communication_n with_o that_o people_n how_o high_o they_o resent_v the_o tyrannical_a usurpation_n of_o foreign_a prince_n since_o the_o conquest_n england_n have_v seldom_o or_o never_o want_v a_o considerable_a fleet_n of_o norway_n merchantman_n william_n of_o malmesbury_n who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1142_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o his_o time_n bristol_n be_v a_o place_n much_o frequent_v by_o the_o 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in_o which_o it_o be_v order_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o and_o for_o every_o person_n and_o person_n native_a or_o foreigner_n from_o and_o after_o the_o first_o day_n of_o may_n 1673_o at_o all_o time_n to_o have_v free_a liberty_n to_o trade_n into_o and_o from_o sweden_n denmark_n and_o norway_n this_o and_o several_a other_o clause_n of_o the_o same_o act_n which_o take_v off_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o custom_n former_o pay_v upon_o the_o importation_n of_o any_o east-land_n commodity_n have_v encourage_v great_a number_n of_o merchant_n and_o other_o to_o traffic_v in_o these_o northern_a sea_n and_o improve_v the_o trade_n of_o greenland_n and_o norway_n far_o beyond_o the_o example_n of_o former_a age_n for_o though_o the_o advantage_n that_o can_v be_v hope_v for_o from_o these_o kind_n of_o voyage_n be_v not_o answerable_a to_o what_o may_v be_v expect_v out_o of_o the_o levant_n and_o american_n plantation_n yet_o the_o small_a danger_n and_o charge_n these_o man_n be_v expose_v to_o be_v strong_a inducement_n to_o venture_v a_o voyage_n wherein_o the_o hazard_n be_v not_o great_a nor_o any_o way_n proportionable_a to_o the_o prospect_n of_o gain_n beside_o in_o the_o act_n before_o mention_v it_o be_v provide_v that_o whatsoever_o person_n or_o person_n subject_n of_o this_o realm_n shall_v desire_v to_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o fellowship_n of_o merchant_n of_o eastland_n shall_v be_v admit_v into_o the_o say_a fellowship_n pay_v for_o his_o admission_n the_o sum_n of_o forty_o shilling_n and_o no_o more_o which_o be_v a_o sum_n exceed_o inconsiderable_a if_o compare_v with_o the_o fee_n pay_v upon_o admission_n into_o some_o other_o company_n the_o island_n of_o fero_n the_o fero_n island_n be_v only_o so_o many_o high_a and_o rocky_a mountain_n in_o the_o northern_a sea_n divide_v from_o one_o another_o by_o narrow_a frith_n and_o rapid_a current_n and_o enclose_v a_o large_a or_o lesser_a circuit_n of_o stony_a valley_n cover_v over_o with_o a_o turf_n of_o about_o two_o foot_n thick_a they_o be_v so_o call_v from_o fare_n which_o in_o the_o language_n of_o the_o native_n signify_v a_o ferry_n from_o the_o many_o ferries_n or_o cross_n of_o the_o water_n from_o one_o island_n to_o another_o they_o be_v sixteen_o in_o number_n 1._o fugloe_n or_o fowl-island_n about_o three_o english_a mile_n long_o and_o two_o broad_a 2._o swino_n in_o which_o be_v a_o pleasant_a valley_n of_o a_o mile_n in_o length_n 3._o videroe_n six_o mile_n long_o and_o three_o broad_a 4._o bordoe_v six_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o a_o mile_n broad_a famous_a for_o a_o good_a harbour_n call_v by_o the_o native_n vaag_v 5._o cunoe_n of_o the_o same_o bigness_n 6._o kalsoe_n something_o long_o and_o broad_a than_o either_o of_o the_o former_a 7._o osteroe_n twenty_o mile_n long_o and_o in_o some_o place_n two_o in_o other_o four_o mile_n broad_a 8._o stromoe_n twentyfour_o mile_n long_o and_o eight_o broad_a in_o this_o island_n stand_v thors-haven_n the_o metropolis_n and_o town_n of_o great_a traffic_n in_o all_o the_o fero_n island_n 9_o wagoe_o a_o round_a piece_n of_o ground_n of_o about_o eight_o mile_n in_o diameter_n 10._o migness_n 11._o rolter_n a_o mile_n long_o and_o half_a a_o mile_n broad_a 12._o sandoe_n eight_o mile_n long_o and_o four_o mile_n broad_a 13._o sknoe_n three_o mile_n long_o and_o one_o in_o breadth_n 14._o storetdiemen_n 15._o lille-diemen_n 16._o sideroe_n twenty_o mile_n long_o and_o eight_o broad_a the_o air_n in_o these_o island_n be_v in_o summer_n temperate_o warm_a not_o very_o hot_a at_o any_o time_n in_o the_o cold_a winter_n the_o frost_n be_v never_o so_o violent_a as_o to_o cause_v ice_n in_o any_o of_o the_o bay_n so_o that_o horse_n and_o sheep_n lie_v in_o the_o field_n the_o whole_a winter_n long_o they_o have_v never_o any_o thunder_n in_o the_o summer_n but_o frequent_o in_o the_o spring_n autumn_n and_o winter_n which_o be_v then_o general_o accompany_v with_o a_o storm_n and_o follow_v by_o shower_n of_o rain_n the_o air_n of_o itself_o be_v wholesome_a free_a from_o the_o plague_n smallpox_n or_o any_o contagious_a disease_n except_o bring_v in_o by_o foreigner_n so_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v common_o long-lived_a however_o in_o some_o of_o the_o island_n the_o native_n be_v exceed_o subject_a to_o rheum_n which_o cause_n violent_a cough_n and_o headache_n both_o which_o disease_n they_o cure_v by_o drink_v sour_a whey_n as_o hot_a as_o they_o can_v endure_v it_o beside_o these_o the_o scurvy_a leprosy_n and_o a_o kind_n of_o feverish_a distemper_n call_v by_o the_o native_n landfarsoet_n be_v epidemical_a illness_n which_o reign_n in_o several_a of_o the_o isle_n but_o seldom_o or_o never_o turn_v to_o mortal_a disease_n the_o southern_a island_n produce_v great_a store_n of_o barley_n though_o hardly_o any_o other_o grain_n come_v to_o maturity_n insomuch_o that_o a_o tun_n of_o seed_n will_v ordinary_o yield_v twenty_o or_o thirty_o tun_n of_o grain_n the_o pasture_n ground_n afford_v great_a plenty_n of_o good_a and_o sweet_a grass_n these_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v fiedelands_n and_o take_v care_n common_o that_o they_o lie_v open_a to_o the_o north_n and_o north-east_n wind_n in_o some_o of_o these_o field_n they_o have_v stock_n of_o as_o large_a and_o fat_a ox_n as_o any_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n afford_v the_o island_n be_v all_o of_o they_o plentiful_o store_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o medicinal_a plant_n requisite_a for_o the_o cure_n of_o those_o distemper_n to_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v most_o incline_v among_o the_o rest_n you_o may_v every_o where_o meet_v with_o great_a quantity_n of_o scurvygrass_n water-cress_n sorrel_n etc._n etc._n they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o angelica_n which_o grow_v as_o well_o on_o the_o top_n of_o high_a hill_n as_o in_o the_o open_a field_n this_o common_o make_v one_o of_o their_o most_o delicate_a dish_n at_o all_o entertainment_n beside_o the_o radix_fw-la rhodia_n call_v in_o their_o language_n hielpe-rod_n be_v not_o where_o meet_v with_o in_o so_o great_a plenty_n as_o in_o these_o island_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o run_a stream_n and_o lake_n the_o distil_a water_n of_o this_o plant_n be_v here_o make_v use_n of_o upon_o all_o occasion_n as_o rose-water_n with_o we_o in_o england_n here_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o fowl_n as_o dove_n stare_v owl_n sparrow-hawk_n crow_n and_o raven_n many_o of_o which_o be_v white_a grelling_n etc._n etc._n their_o chief_a seafowl_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o teal_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o crow_n with_o a_o yellow_a long_a and_o round_a bill_n a_o great_a enemy_n to_o and_o persecutor_n of_o the_o raven_n the_o eyder_n a_o sort_n of_o duck_n which_o yield_v the_o eyder-down_a be_v a_o fowl_n peculiar_a to_o these_o island_n this_o bird_n usual_o pull_v the_o down_o from_o she_o own_o breast_n to_o build_v her_o nest_n
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with_o they_o of_o these_o with_o the_o seal_n grind-whale_n and_o dogfish_n which_o be_v former_o catch_v in_o great_a number_n upon_o their_o coast_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o fero-island_n make_v ancient_o a_o vast_a advantage_n but_o of_o late_a year_n their_o fishing-trade_n be_v strange_o decay_v these_o island_n be_v first_o inhabit_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o harold_n surname_v the_o fair-haired_a king_n of_o norway_n in_o the_o year_n 868._o for_o that_o king_n have_v take_v a_o resolution_n to_o reduce_v all_o norway_n under_o the_o subjection_n of_o one_o prince_n fall_v foul_a upon_o all_o the_o petit_fw-fr prince_n in_o that_o kingdom_n who_o subject_n be_v by_o this_o mean_n either_o undo_v by_o the_o war_n or_o dispossess_v of_o their_o inheritance_n resolve_v to_o seek_v out_o other_o habitation_n and_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o one_o grimar_n camban_n a_o pirate_n at_o last_o seat_v themselves_o in_o these_o island_n regni_fw-la norvegiae_fw-la nova_fw-la et_fw-la 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with_o short_a loose_a coat_n of_o the_o same_o the_o woman_n rich_a and_o poor_a go_v all_o alike_o in_o strait_a gown_n without_o skirt_n their_o stomacher_n be_v common_o large_a and_o adorn_v with_o thin_a guilt_n jingle_v plate_n of_o tin_n their_o shoe_n which_o have_v no_o sole_n but_o be_v make_v of_o piece_n of_o leather_n draw_v together_o at_o the_o heel_n and_o toe_n and_o fasten_v with_o a_o string_n or_o ribbon_n above_o the_o ankle_n be_v of_o sheepskin_n for_o the_o woman_n and_o tan_a neats-leather_n for_o the_o man_n they_o lie_v on_o bed_n of_o hay_n overspread_v with_o piece_n of_o flannel_n the_o norwegian_a tongue_n be_v heretofore_o general_o speak_v in_o the_o fero-island_n but_o of_o late_a year_n the_o danish_a dialect_n have_v much_o prevail_v however_o in_o the_o northern_a island_n their_o language_n be_v for_o the_o great_a part_n make_v up_o of_o norwegian_a word_n and_o phrase_n though_o the_o southern_a inhabitant_n make_v use_v of_o a_o quite_o different_a dialect_n the_o whole_a dominion_n of_o these_o island_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o six_o district_n of_o norderoe_n osteroe_n stromoe_n waagoe_n sandoe_n and_o sanderoe_n to_o each_o of_o these_o district_n belong_v a_o sheriff_n who_o as_o judge_n determine_v all_o cause_n and_o controversy_n of_o less_o moment_n these_o sheriff_n gather_v the_o king_n tithe_n and_o put_v in_o execution_n all_o order_n they_o receive_v from_o the_o king_n commissary_n the_o people_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o law_n of_o norway_n have_v no_o peculiar_a law_n of_o their_o own_o they_o have_v a_o general_a session_n hold_v once_o a_o year_n in_o the_o spring_n time_n at_o thors-haven_n in_o which_o the_o king_n commissary_n or_o bailiff_n preside_v as_o judge_n be_v assist_v by_o the_o six_o sheriff_n who_o exhibit_v to_o the_o court_n all_o lawsuit_n either_o civil_a or_o criminal_a which_o come_v not_o under_o the_o cognizance_n of_o their_o petit_fw-la commission_n beside_o these_o there_o 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the_o island_n which_o be_v supply_v by_o so_o many_o pastor_n of_o the_o lutheran_n religion_n beside_o sunday_n holiday_n and_o the_o usual_a day_n of_o prayer_n as_o in_o other_o place_n these_o man_n observe_v yearly_a six_o peculiar_a day_n of_o prayer_n viz._n three_o in_o ascention-week_n and_o three_o in_o michaelmas-week_n they_o have_v but_o one_o public_a school_n among_o they_o which_o be_v endow_v by_o king_n christian_n iu._n and_o nicolas_n trolle_v former_o governor_n of_o roschild_n and_o vice-admiral_n of_o denmark_n this_o furnish_v the_o university_n of_o copenhagen_n oft_o time_n with_o as_o able_a scholar_n as_o any_o other_o school_n in_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n dominion_n the_o chief_a commodity_n of_o these_o island_n be_v skin_n feather_n tallow_n train-oyl_n and_o stocking_n upon_o all_o which_o there_o be_v a_o particular_a price_n set_v stocking_n be_v the_o chief_a staple_n commodity_n they_o have_v in_o make_v of_o which_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n rich_a and_o poor_a priest_n and_o plowman_n be_v force_v to_o employ_v themselves_o to_o help_v out_o the_o small_a income_n of_o their_o mean_a possession_n and_o inconsiderable_a stipend_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o schetland_n schetland_n or_o hetland_n as_o arngrim_n ionas_n will_v have_v the_o word_n write_v be_v a_o island_n lie_v between_o the_o fero-island_n and_o the_o promontory_n of_o schagen_n in_o jutland_n it_o have_v be_v long_o a_o dispute_n among_o the_o best_a geographer_n whether_o this_o be_v not_o the_o ancient_a thule_n gasper_n peucer_n tell_v we_o and_o our_o learned_a cambden_n encourage_v we_o to_o believe_v he_o that_o this_o island_n be_v call_v by_o the_o northern_a mariner_n to_o this_o day_n thilensell_n pomponius_n mela_n say_v of_o thule_n that_o it_o be_v belgarum_n which_o mr._n cambden_n read_v bergarum_fw-la understanding_n thereby_o the_o city_n and_o territory_n of_o berghen_n littori_fw-la opposita_fw-la which_o account_n agree_v well_o with_o the_o situation_n of_o this_o island_n beside_o say_v mr._n cambden_n schetland_n be_v about_o two_o day_n sail_v from_o cathness_n in_o scotland_n which_o be_v the_o exact_a distance_n between_o thule_n and_o the_o caledonian_n promontory_n in_o solinus_n be_v relation_n again_o schetland_n lie_v in_o 63_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n as_o well_o as_o ptolomy_n thule_n whether_o our_o learned_a antiquary_n read_v solinus_n aright_o or_o no_o i_o shall_v not_o venture_v to_o question_v though_o i_o know_v there_o be_v some_o that_o read_v the_o place_n quote_v thus_o a_o caledoniae_n promontorio_fw-la thulen_n petentes_fw-la bidui_fw-la navigatione_n excipiunt_fw-la haebudae_fw-la insulae_fw-la and_o not_o as_o the_o vulgar_a copy_n have_v it_o a_o caledoniae_n promontorio_fw-la thulen_n petentibus_fw-la bidui_fw-la navigatio_fw-la est_fw-la and_o the_o rather_o because_o it_o follow_v ab_fw-la orcadibus_fw-la thulen_n usque_fw-la quinque_fw-la dierum_fw-la ac_fw-la noctium_fw-la navigatio_fw-la est_fw-la however_o i_o be_o afraid_a the_o latitude_n of_o schetland_n will_v not_o be_v find_v to_o exceed_v sixty_o degree_n and_o a_o few_o odd_a
the_o ocean_n in_o some_o of_o who_o isle_n several_a considerable_a kingdom_n have_v of_o late_a year_n be_v discover_v however_o notwithstanding_o this_o assertion_n of_o tacitus_n make_v the_o rhine_n the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o germany_n on_o the_o border_n of_o gallia_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o long_o before_o his_o time_n in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o emperor_n julius_n and_o augustus_n several_a colony_n of_o the_o german_n have_v seat_v themselves_o in_o the_o gallic_n territory_n and_o inhabit_v a_o large_a plat_n of_o ground_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o rhine_n and_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o both_o germania_n prima_fw-la and_o secunda_fw-la so_o often_o mention_v by_o ancient_a and_o modern_a geographer_n lie_v on_o the_o same_o side_n of_o that_o river_n wympheling_n in_o his_o little_a tract_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la germanicis_n demonstrate_v that_o all_o those_o city_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o southern_a bank_n of_o the_o rhine_n do_v always_o belong_v to_o the_o german_n notwithstanding_o the_o pretension_n of_o several_a french_a king_n to_o the_o contrary_n it_o be_v true_a lewis_n xi_o king_n of_o france_n before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n make_v several_a incursion_n into_o alsatia_n upon_o pretence_n of_o recover_v the_o ancient_a right_n which_o his_o ancestor_n have_v challenge_v upon_o the_o rhine_n but_o this_o pretend_a jurisdiction_n never_o spread_v itself_o so_o wide_o as_o to_o reach_v beyond_o the_o bank_n of_o that_o river_n on_o either_o side_n for_o as_o freherus_n show_v the_o ancient_a gaul_n always_o claim_v a_o right_a to_o the_o river_n rhine_n although_o the_o german_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o soil_n on_o both_o side_n beside_o the_o hermunduri_n marcomanni_n and_o quadi_n who_o be_v all_o of_o they_o german_n extend_v the_o bound_n of_o their_o nation_n beyond_o the_o danow_n and_o seat_v themselves_o on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o that_o river_n whence_o in_o process_n of_o time_n the_o name_n of_o illyricum_n which_o former_o be_v a_o word_n use_v to_o signify_v a_o five_o part_n of_o the_o celtish_a nation_n contain_v the_o territory_n of_o liburnia_n dalmatia_n noricum_n vindelicia_n and_o pannonia_n be_v by_o the_o roman_a writer_n limit_v to_o liburnia_n and_o dalmatia_n only_o and_o the_o other_o three_o province_n reckon_v part_n of_o germany_n as_o be_v almost_o quite_o overrun_v with_o the_o people_n of_o that_o nation_n aeneas_n silvius_n and_o his_o follower_n fancy_n that_o germany_n be_v at_o this_o day_n a_o country_n much_o large_a than_o it_o be_v ever_o think_v to_o be_v by_o the_o ancient_n but_o he_o that_o shall_v consider_v that_o the_o three_o northern_a kingdom_n of_o denmark_n norway_n and_o sweden_n with_o their_o several_a dependence_n and_o all_o belgium_n as_o be_v still_o evident_a from_o the_o language_n of_o these_o people_n which_o be_v only_o so_o many_o distinct_a dialect_n of_o the_o high-dutch_a be_v former_o branch_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o conclude_v with_o cluverius_n that_o new_a germany_n be_v scarce_o a_o three_o part_n so_o big_a as_o the_o old_a at_o present_a germany_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o mountain_n of_o italy_n beyond_o the_o danow_n bound_n modern_a bound_n on_o the_o east_n with_o poland_n and_o hungary_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o french_a province_n of_o picardy_n and_o champagne_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o british_a ocean_n mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr pibrac_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o la_fw-fr germany_n est_fw-fr presque_fw-fr trois_fw-fr fois_fw-fr aussi_fw-fr grande_fw-fr que_fw-fr la_fw-fr france_n i._n e._n germany_n be_v near_o three_o time_n as_o big_a as_o france_n and_o most_o geographer_n make_v that_o kingdom_n thrice_o as_o large_a as_o italy_n so_o that_o if_o we_o shall_v though_o there_o be_v little_a reason_n for_o so_o do_v deny_v the_o netherlands_o to_o be_v any_o part_n of_o germany_n at_o this_o day_n yet_o this_o nation_n will_v still_o continue_v to_o be_v incomparable_o the_o large_a in_o europe_n the_o length_n of_o it_o from_o east_n to_o west_n amount_v to_o 840_o italian_a mile_n and_o the_o breadth_n from_o north_n to_o south_n to_o about_o 745_o according_a to_o the_o computation_n of_o sansovine_n in_o his_o treatise_n del_fw-it governo_fw-it di_fw-it diversi_fw-la regni_fw-la which_o account_n if_o we_o reckon_v as_o be_v usual_a five_o italian_a for_o one_o german_a mile_n come_v near_o winthers_n relation_n which_o tell_v we_o germany_n be_v 686_o english_a or_o about_o 171_o dutch_a mile_n long_o measure_v from_o the_o mountain_n of_o italy_n to_o the_o british_a ocean_n all_o this_o tract_n of_o land_n or_o so_o much_o of_o it_o at_o least_o as_o lie_v from_o the_o rhine_n northwards_o be_v by_o the_o ancient_n look_v upon_o as_o a_o barren_a soil_n nature_n of_o the_o soil_n uninhabited_a and_o solitary_a wilderness_n destitute_a of_o city_n village_n house_n fruit_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n either_o requisite_a or_o convenient_a for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o inhabitant_n than_o such_o as_o they_o fancy_v the_o german_n to_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o savage_a woodman_n little_a different_a from_o the_o beast_n of_o the_o field_n either_o in_o education_n or_o diet_n but_o the_o improvement_n or_o discovery_n rather_o of_o late_a age_n have_v exceed_o alter_v the_o case_n and_o our_o modern_a historian_n and_o geographer_n in_o spite_n of_o tacitus_n cavil_n and_o envious_a epithet_n have_v be_v force_v to_o confess_v that_o the_o german_n be_v a_o numerous_a and_o industrious_a people_n and_o their_o country_n both_o wonderful_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a a_o more_o signal_n instance_n of_o the_o plenty_n of_o corn_n in_o this_o country_n can_v be_v give_v than_o we_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o story_n which_o the_o german_a writer_n tell_v we_o of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o who_o maintain_v a_o army_n for_o a_o considerable_a while_n against_o the_o turk_n consist_v of_o 90000_o footman_n and_o 35000_o horse_n beside_o the_o same_o emperor_n for_o some_o year_n together_o wage_v a_o continual_a war_n with_o most_o of_o the_o northern_a german_a prince_n during_o which_o the_o army_n on_o both_o side_n be_v say_v to_o have_v consist_v of_o above_o 150000_o man_n now_o although_o germany_n alone_o provide_v all_o necessary_n of_o food_n and_o provender_n for_o these_o vast_a multitude_n of_o man_n and_o horse_n yet_o we_o do_v not_o read_v that_o any_o the_o least_o famine_n or_o scarcity_n of_o bread_n ensue_v hereupon_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o dutch_a territory_n the_o chief_a river_n in_o germany_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n comparable_a to_o this_o for_o the_o multitude_n of_o its_o noble_a river_n several_a of_o which_o carry_v vessel_n of_o a_o vast_a burden_n for_o some_o hundred_o of_o english_a mile_n the_o most_o principal_a of_o these_o be_v i._o danubius_n danow_n danow_n or_o the_o danow_n brietius_n say_v that_o this_o river_n be_v ancient_o call_v matoas_n which_o in_o the_o old_a scythian_a language_n signify_v harmless_a because_o they_o fancy_v it_o be_v pretty_a secure_a sail_v upon_o its_o water_n afterward_o when_o a_o great_a company_n of_o stranger_n unacquainted_a with_o this_o torrent_n have_v here_o unlucky_o suffer_v shipwreck_n and_o lose_v their_o life_n its_o name_n be_v change_v into_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o word_n some_o critic_n derive_v from_o the_o macedonian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v as_o plutarch_n tell_v we_o as_o much_o as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d death_n cato_n think_v it_o be_v first_o call_v danubius_n from_o the_o dane_n who_o he_o confound_v with_o the_o dacian_o our_o modern_a geographer_n embrace_v pliny_n opinion_n and_o derive_v the_o word_n by_o a_o metathesis_n a_o jugis_fw-la adnobiis_fw-la whence_o it_o have_v its_o first_o source_n the_o hungarian_n call_v it_o duna_n the_o polander_v donay_n and_o the_o german_n die_v thonaw_v the_o head_n of_o this_o great_a river_n be_v in_o swaben_n near_o a_o small_a village_n name_v from_o the_o danow_n tone-eschingen_a which_o be_v situate_v in_o a_o part_n of_o the_o hercynian_a wood_n call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n schwartzwald_a or_o black-forrest_n within_o a_o few_o furlong_n of_o this_o fountain_n it_o receive_v into_o it_o two_o more_o small_a rivulet_n soon_o after_o which_o divide_v itself_o into_o two_o branch_n it_o encircle_n the_o city_n vlm_n with_o two_o fair_a stream_n both_o admirable_o large_a consider_v the_o short_a course_n of_o the_o river_n afterward_o it_o pass_v by_o several_a brave_a city_n in_o germany_n and_o hungary_n as_o regensburg_n passaw_n vienna_n presburg_n etc._n etc._n be_v large_o augment_v in_o its_o passage_n by_o the_o accession_n of_o many_o navigable_a river_n insomuch_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o challenge_v the_o character_n which_o ovid_n
long_o since_o give_v of_o it_o cedere_fw-la danubius_n se_fw-la tibi_fw-la nile_n negate_fw-la as_o soon_o as_o it_o come_v into_o illyricum_n near_o the_o city_n belgradum_n which_o the_o german_n call_v stuhlweissenburg_n it_o lose_v it_o name_n and_o be_v call_v isther_n at_o last_o qui_fw-la centum_fw-la populos_fw-la &_o magnas_fw-la alluit_fw-la urbes_fw-la euxinum_n irrumpit_fw-la bis_fw-la terno_fw-la flumine_fw-la pontum_fw-la one_o of_o these_o six_o current_n run_v with_o that_o violence_n into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n that_o it_o be_v say_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o salt_n water_n fresh_a and_o sweet_a for_o near_o forty_o english_a mile_n together_o it_o be_v a_o admirable_a singularity_n in_o the_o danow_n that_o it_o alone_o of_o all_o the_o great_a river_n in_o europe_n run_v with_o a_o strange_o rapid_a current_n eastward_o whereas_o most_o other_o run_v either_o to_o the_o west_n or_o south_n some_o few_o northwards_o but_o not_o one_o so_o direct_o east_n solomon_n schweigger_n a_o german_a traveller_n report_v that_o sweet_a water_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o danow_n by_o aqueduct_n to_o constantinople_n which_o be_v two_o day_n journey_n from_o any_o part_n of_o this_o river_n before_o the_o danow_n leave_v germany_n though_o strabo_n assert_v the_o contrary_a it_o meet_v with_o these_o three_o notorious_a cataract_n 1._o der_fw-mi saw-russel_a or_o the_o swines-snout_n so_o call_v from_o a_o sharp_a point_a rock_n hang_v into_o the_o river_n near_o lintz_n in_o austria_n under_o which_o be_v a_o most_o dangerous_a and_o almost_o unavoidable_a whirlpool_n which_o certain_o suck_v in_o all_o the_o vessel_n which_o sail_v near_o it_o except_o manage_v by_o more_o than_o ordinary_a care_n and_o discretion_n ath._n kircher_n in_o his_o mund._o subterr_v say_v that_o whatever_o be_v swallow_v by_o this_o whirlpool_n be_v throw_v up_o again_o in_o a_o lake_n near_o canische_n in_o hungary_n 2._o der_fw-mi strudel_n so_o call_v from_o the_o noise_n which_o the_o water_n make_v in_o its_o fall_n this_o be_v a_o perilous_a cataract_n near_o greinon_n in_o austria_n where_o the_o water_n fall_v with_o a_o great_a violence_n among_o the_o rock_n distract_v the_o waterman_n with_o its_o noise_n and_o smoke_n and_o too_o often_o either_o overturns_a or_o split_v their_o vessel_n so_o that_o few_o or_o none_o be_v former_o so_o foolhardy_a as_o to_o pass_v this_o precipice_n without_o the_o assistance_n and_o conduct_n of_o some_o expert_a boor_n in_o the_o vicenage_n who_o for_o many_o year_n have_v make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o understand_v all_o the_o little_a creek_n and_o wind_n in_o this_o dangerous_a passage_n but_o of_o late_a year_n it_o have_v not_o be_v reckon_v a_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a difficulty_n to_o shoot_v this_o gulf._n on_o the_o top_n of_o one_o of_o the_o high_a rock_n stand_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n where_o former_o as_o the_o report_n go_v some_o notorious_a pirate_n who_o live_v upon_o the_o pillage_n of_o such_o boat_n as_o they_o can_v now_o and_o then_o hook_n into_o some_o of_o the_o neighbour_a cliff_n keep_v their_o residence_n 3._o der_fw-mi wurbel_n or_o whirlpool_n not_o much_o more_o than_o a_o furlong_n distant_a from_o the_o strudel_n the_o waterman_n that_o use_v this_o passage_n be_v of_o late_o grow_v so_o expert_a in_o shun_v this_o gulf_n that_o except_o your_o pilot_n be_v drink_v which_o be_v here_o no_o strange_a mishap_n there_o be_v little_a danger_n of_o miscarriage_n as_o soon_o as_o you_o have_v pass_v the_o whirlpool_n you_o be_v sure_a to_o be_v wait_v on_o by_o a_o fellow_n bear_v st._n nicolas_n picture_n to_o who_o a_o adjoin_a chapel_n be_v dedicate_v and_o a_o alms-box_n into_o which_o every_o man_n cast_v what_o he_o please_v as_o a_o offering_n of_o thansgiving_n to_o that_o saint_n for_o the_o late_a deliverance_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o great_a rock_n which_o cause_v a_o great_a motion_n in_o the_o water_n stand_v the_o relic_n of_o a_o ancient_a fort_n which_o the_o german_n call_v der_fw-mi tuffel_n thurn_n or_o the_o devil_n tower_n the_o original_n of_o which_o name_n according_a to_o aventinus_n relation_n be_v this_o on_o a_o time_n bruno_n bishop_n of_o wurtzburg_n accompany_v the_o emperor_n in_o his_o passage_n down_o the_o danow_n when_o they_o come_v to_o this_o tower_n they_o be_v sudden_o scare_v by_o a_o strange_a apparition_n in_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o blackamoor_n say_v i_o be_o bruno_n thy_o evil_a genius_n i_o shall_v do_v thou_o no_o mischief_n at_o present_a but_o thou_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o meet_v with_o i_o again_o ever_o long_o when_o they_o be_v come_v to_o bosenburg_n a_o village_n within_o ten_o english_a mile_n of_o this_o wurbel_n where_o passenger_n usual_o refresh_v themselves_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o chamber_n where_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o bishop_n be_v a_o rest_v themselves_o sudden_o fall_v down_o kill_v bruno_n ii_o the_o next_o great_a river_n in_o germany_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o rhine_n some_o etymologist_n derive_v this_o word_n from_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o flow_v because_o of_o its_o rapid_a current_n other_o fetch_v it_o from_o a_o old_a celtish_a word_n rijen_n which_o signify_v to_o divide_v or_o separate_v allude_v to_o the_o old_a story_n before_o mention_v of_o the_o separation_n of_o france_n from_o germany_n by_o this_o river_n but_o the_o generality_n of_o modern_a dutch_a writer_n be_v please_v to_o fancy_n that_o it_o come_v from_o the_o ordinary_a german_a word_n rein_n which_o signify_v pure_a or_o clean_a because_o forsooth_o it_o be_v a_o fashion_n among_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n to_o try_v whether_o their_o child_n be_v legitimate_a or_o spurious_a by_o cast_v they_o into_o the_o rhine_n which_o will_v never_o suffer_v those_o to_o sink_v who_o be_v lawful_o beget_v but_o usual_o drown_v the_o bastard_n this_o story_n cesar_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o commentary_n and_o hence_o say_v schottelius_fw-la the_o german_n to_o this_o day_n retain_v this_o proverbial_a say_n of_o any_o notorious_a and_o scandalous_a crime_n das_n weschet_fw-mi ihm_fw-ge der_fw-ge rhein_n night_n ab_fw-la i._n e._n the_o rhine_n can_v never_o wash_v this_o of_o tacitus_n report_v that_o the_o old_a german_n worship_v the_o rhine_n as_o a_o god_n martial_n allude_v to_o some_o such_o thing_n when_o he_o say_v nympharum_fw-la pater_fw-la amniumque_fw-la rhenus_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o modern_a german_n seem_v to_o be_v little_o less_o jealous_a of_o the_o repute_n of_o this_o noble_a river_n when_o they_o give_v out_o that_o die_v thonau_n ist_fw-mi aller_fw-fr wasser_n ein_fw-mi frau_n aber_fw-ge der_fw-ge rhein_n make_fw-mi mit_fw-fr ehren_n wool_fw-mi ihr_fw-ge mann_n seyn_fw-mi i._n e._n the_o danow_n be_v indeed_o the_o lady_n paramount_n of_o rivers_n but_o the_o rhine_n may_v well_o seem_v to_o be_v her_o husband_n where_o note_n that_o the_o danow_n be_v as_o most_o other_o name_n of_o river_n in_o the_o high_a dutch_a tongue_n be_v of_o the_o feminine_a gender_n but_o the_o rhine_n of_o the_o masculine_a there_o be_v two_o spring_n in_o the_o rhaetian_a or_o celtic_a alps_n as_o some_o author_n call_v they_o from_o which_o the_o rhine_n have_v its_o rise_n the_o first_o not_o far_o from_o a_o small_a village_n call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n tavetsch_n out_o of_o a_o considerable_o high_a mountain_n which_o the_o german_n call_v st._n gottarde_n geburg_n the_o other_o fountain_n be_v not_o far_o from_o reinwald_n in_o rhaetia_n these_o two_o fountain_n be_v about_o forty_o english_a mile_n distant_a from_o each_o other_o but_o their_o current_n meet_v in_o one_o about_o eight_o of_o the_o same_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n cur._n within_o three_o quarter_n of_o one_o of_o our_o mile_n from_o this_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o stream_n the_o river_n dilate_v itself_o into_o that_o vast_a lake_n which_o be_v ordinary_o by_o a_o corruption_n of_o the_o name_n of_o poomen_fw-mi a_o town_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o this_o water_n call_v der_n bodensee_a the_o broad_a part_n of_o this_o swift_a river_n be_v betwixt_o the_o city_n emeric_n and_o the_o strong_a castle_n of_o schenckenschantz_n where_o the_o breadth_n of_o it_o be_v judge_v but_o i_o be_o afraid_a the_o story_n have_v outstretched_a the_o measuring-chain_n some_o furlong_n to_o exceed_v two_o english_a mile_n immediate_o after_o the_o union_n of_o the_o forementioned_a current_n the_o depth_n of_o the_o rhine_n be_v so_o considerable_a that_o vessel_n of_o large_a bulk_n and_o burden_n may_v easy_o if_o not_o let_v by_o several_a cataract_n and_o rock_n which_o block_n up_o their_o way_n sail_v from_o stein_n to_o francsurt_v on_o the_o meyn_n collen_n mentz_n and_o all_o other_o place_n of_o consequence_n upon_o this_o river_n the_o cataract_n of_o the_o rhine_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v nine_o in_o all_o whereof_o seven_o
his_o brother_n christian_n elect_v bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n of_o minden_n this_o brave_a prince_n govern_v the_o dukedom_n in_o great_a peace_n and_o prosperity_n two_o and_o twenty_o year_n and_o enlarge_v it_o with_o the_o principality_n of_o grubenhagen_n after_o his_o decease_n in_o the_o year_n 1633_o the_o dukedom_n of_o luneburg_n fall_v to_o his_o brother_n augustus_n elect_a bishop_n of_o ratzeburg_n upon_o which_o incomparable_a prince_n of_o who_o the_o reader_n may_v expect_v a_o large_a account_n in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswic_n descend_v not_o long_o after_o by_o the_o death_n of_o frideric_n vlric_n the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswic_n whereupon_o the_o dukedom_n of_o luneburg_n be_v give_v to_o duke_n george_n lieutenant_n general_n of_o all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o low_a saxony_n in_o the_o year_n 1636._o he_o leave_v four_o son_n whereof_o the_o elder_a christian_n ludowic_n for_o some_o year_n govern_v the_o luneburger_n pay_v each_o of_o his_o young_a brethren_n a_o annual_a stipend_n of_o 12000_o ric-dollar_n upon_o his_o death_n the_o second_o brother_n george_n william_n succeed_v in_o the_o government_n and_o keep_v as_o he_o do_v to_o this_o day_n his_o residence_n in_o his_o brother_n palace_n at_o zell_n by_o the_o treaty_n of_o hildesheim_n the_o dukedom_n of_o calenberg_n and_o grubenhage_n be_v assign_v over_o to_o the_o three_o brother_n john_n frideric_n who_o keep_v his_o residence_n at_o hannover_n in_o much_o great_a state_n than_o his_o brother_n at_o zell_n these_o and_o all_o other_o territory_n subject_a to_o the_o late_a duke_n of_o hannover_n be_v now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o young_a brother_n ernest_n augustus_n who_o by_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n be_v make_v bishop_n of_o osnabrug_n and_o be_v now_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n john_n frideric_n this_o last_o year_n 1680_o duke_n of_o hannover_n he_o marry_v the_o lady_n sophia_n young_a sister_n to_o our_o prince_n rupert_n of_o who_o this_o character_n be_v usual_o give_v that_o she_o be_v the_o most_o accomplish_a princess_n in_o europe_n by_o who_o he_o have_v three_o son_n and_o a_o daughter_n chief_a city_n and_o other_o place_n of_o great_a note_n in_o this_o dukedom_n be_v first_o luneburg_n luneburg_n luneburg_n we_o have_v already_o give_v the_o reader_n a_o account_n of_o the_o most_o probable_a opinion_n about_o the_o original_n of_o the_o name_n of_o this_o city_n and_o but_o little_o more_o can_v be_v sai_fw-fr concern_v its_o first_o founder_n and_o those_o that_o fortify_v it_o the_o story_n of_o julius_n cesar_n lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o a_o city_n in_o this_o place_n be_v at_o best_o incredible_a and_o groundless_a there_o be_v hardly_o a_o ancient_a city_n in_o europe_n which_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o some_o venerable_a piece_n or_o other_o of_o julius_n architecture_n which_o though_o ordinary_o admire_v by_o the_o vulgar_a yet_o be_v contemn_v and_o laugh_v at_o by_o man_n of_o sense_n and_o know_v antiquary_n the_o best_a testimony_n of_o its_o age_n i_o can_v meet_v with_o be_v dithmarus_fw-la mersburgensis_n mention_v luinberg_n by_o the_o name_n of_o civitas_n in_o speak_v of_o a_o earthquake_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o emperor_n henry_n ii_o but_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o observe_v how_o the_o historian_n of_o those_o time_n be_v wont_a to_o compliment_v any_o mean_a village_n with_o the_o title_n of_o civitas_n yet_o lambertus_n schafnaburgensis_n a_o author_n of_o almost_o as_o great_a antiquity_n as_o the_o former_a in_o his_o account_n of_o the_o transaction_n of_o the_o year_n 1073._o give_v this_o character_n of_o luneburg_n that_o it_o be_v then_o oppidum_n maximum_fw-la ottonis_fw-la ducis_fw-la saxoniae_fw-la situm_fw-la in_o confinio_fw-la saxonum_n &_o luticiorum_n at_o present_v the_o town_n contain_v about_o two_o english_a mile_n in_o circumference_n be_v not_o build_v in_o exact_a square_n but_o rather_o a_o oblong_a figure_n the_o street_n be_v broad_a and_o most_o of_o the_o house_n tolerable_o well_o build_v over_o against_o the_o town-hall_n which_o be_v a_o neat_a and_o compact_a piece_n of_o building_n stand_v the_o duke_n palace_n where_o the_o duke_n of_o zell_n and_o his_o family_n be_v lodge_v when_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o reside_v at_o luneburg_n the_o chief_a trade_n of_o the_o town_n be_v in_o salt_n which_o the_o citizen_n make_v in_o great_a abundance_n out_o of_o certain_a pit_n of_o salt_n water_n which_o spring_n within_o the_o wall_n their_o salt-house_n be_v fence_v round_o and_o continual_o guard_v as_o be_v the_o main_a support_n of_o the_o city_n these_o bring_v in_o the_o duke_n a_o considerable_a yearly_a revenue_n and_o beside_o provision_n be_v hereby_o make_v for_o a_o great_a number_n of_o poor_a labour_a man_n who_o may_v otherwise_o starve_v for_o want_v of_o employment_n ii_o bardewic_n bardewic_n bardewick_n at_o this_o day_n a_o village_n within_o a_o mile_n of_o luneburg_n but_o ancient_o a_o strong_a and_o populous_a city_n some_o author_n fancy_n it_o to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o city_n in_o saxony_n and_o so_o questionless_a it_o be_v if_o it_o be_v true_a as_o they_o pretend_v to_o be_v able_a to_o demonstrate_v that_o it_o be_v build_v 990_o year_n before_o christ_n over_o the_o door_n of_o the_o cathedral_n which_o be_v now_o the_o only_a church_n leave_v of_o nine_o be_v write_v in_o a_o old_a gothic_a character_n these_o hobble_a verse_n abram_n dum_fw-la natus_fw-la mox_fw-la treveris_fw-la incipit_fw-la ortus_fw-la hinc_fw-la annis_fw-la barduic_fw-la mille_fw-la sex_n x_o quoque_fw-la quinque_fw-la post_fw-la barduic_fw-la roma_fw-la duo_fw-la c_o cum_fw-la quinque_fw-la triginta_fw-la m_o c_o post_n nat_n junctis_fw-la octaginta_fw-la novemque_fw-la dum_fw-la brunsvicensis_fw-la henricus_fw-la leo_fw-la dictus_fw-la simonis_n in_fw-la festo_fw-la barduic_fw-la subvertit_fw-la ab_fw-la alto_fw-mi meibomius_n a_o learned_a antiquary_n who_o we_o have_v already_o have_v occasion_n often_o to_o mention_v have_v take_v great_a pain_n to_o pick_v up_o out_o of_o these_o rithm_n and_o all_o other_o monument_n of_o note_n about_o this_o town_n a_o large_a account_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o place_n the_o name_n he_o imagine_v contrary_a to_o the_o humour_n of_o some_o other_o historian_n who_o speak_v of_o bardo_n a_o knight_n errant_a of_o old_a and_o founder_n of_o bardewic_n derive_v from_o the_o bardi_n a_o northern_a people_n who_o wander_v a_o great_a many_o year_n up_o and_o down_o saxony_n and_o the_o neighbour_a country_n at_o last_o fix_v themselves_o in_o this_o place_n whether_o these_o bardi_n may_v not_o have_v be_v a_o tribe_n of_o such_o poet_n as_o mr._n cambden_n and_o some_o other_o of_o our_o antiquary_n say_v give_v name_n to_o bardsey_n one_o of_o our_o british_a island_n i_o shall_v leave_v to_o the_o reader_n be_v judgement_n since_o every_o historian_n that_o mention_n the_o bard_n will_v tell_v we_o that_o they_o be_v the_o genealogist_n among_o the_o gaul_n a_o undoubted_a branch_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o britain_n the_o verse_n beforementioned_a will_v inform_v we_o that_o this_o great_a city_n be_v destroy_v by_o duke_n henry_n surname_v the_o lion_n on_o st._n simon_n and_o jude_n day_n in_o the_o year_n 1189._o since_o that_o time_n it_o have_v never_o be_v able_a to_o recover_v its_o glory_n and_o be_v now_o remarkable_a for_o nothing_o but_o a_o college_n of_o eight_o residentiary_n canon_n and_o some_o few_o vicar_n iii_o ultzen_n a_o neat_a uniform_a little_a town_n vltren_n vltren_n about_o the_o middle_a way_n betwixt_o lunenburg_n and_o zell_n it_o be_v ancient_o call_v lawenwald_n i._n e._n lion-forest_n as_o appear_v from_o several_a of_o its_o old_a record_n and_o a_o inscription_n to_o this_o day_n legible_a on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o town-hall_n and_o from_o this_o its_o old_a name_n the_o arm_n or_o rebus_fw-la rather_o of_o the_o town_n be_v still_o a_o lion_n passant_a azure_a in_o a_o field_n verd_fw-mi betwixt_o three_o tree_n of_o the_o second_o the_o modern_a name_n vltzen_n it_o have_v from_o the_o neighbour_a monastery_n of_o oldenstadt_a which_o as_o be_v evident_a from_o several_a ancient_a write_n bear_v date_n a._n d._n 1255_o and_o 1338_o be_v former_o call_v old-vlssen_a on_o the_o twenty_o of_o september_n in_o the_o year_n 1646_o this_o city_n be_v miserable_o destroy_v by_o a_o fire_n which_o in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n burn_v down_o the_o fair_a and_o rich_a part_n of_o it_o this_o blow_n it_o have_v hardly_o yet_o so_o well_o recover_v as_o to_o be_v entire_o rebuilt_a but_o however_o the_o most_o considerable_a street_n and_o place_n of_o consequence_n be_v very_o much_o advance_v by_o it_o and_o the_o new_a building_n be_v everywhere_o more_o regular_a and_o splendid_a than_o the_o former_a the_o citizen_n have_v a_o tradition_n among_o they_o that_o the_o first_o english_a saxon_n
the_o name_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bremen_n the_o name_n of_o this_o city_n be_v fetch_v by_o some_o from_o one_o luba_n a_o famous_a fisherman_n that_o heretofore_o pitch_v his_o tent_n upon_o the_o seashore_n in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o afterward_o the_o great_a city_n of_o lubec_n be_v build_v but_o this_o fiction_n be_v of_o the_o same_o stamp_n with_o the_o frivolous_a etymology_n with_o which_o some_o of_o our_o english_a historian_n have_v furnish_v we_o of_o britain_n from_o brutus_n and_o london_n from_o king_n lud._n other_o tell_v we_o that_o lubec_n in_o the_o old_a wendish_n tongue_n signify_v a_o crown_n and_o therefore_o will_v persuade_v we_o that_o this_o town_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o preeminence_n which_o immediate_o after_o its_o first_o foundation_n it_o may_v just_o challenge_v among_o the_o other_o city_n of_o germany_n whence_o lindebergius_n allude_v to_o this_o etymology_n conclude_v his_o elogium_fw-la in_o the_o praise_n of_o lubec_n with_o this_o distich_n et_fw-la decus_fw-la europae_n &_o lumen_fw-la sit_fw-la totius_fw-la ansae_fw-la et_fw-la sit_fw-la vandalici_n pulchra_fw-la corona_n soli_fw-la but_o the_o most_o probable_a opinion_n be_v what_o we_o have_v before_o mention_v that_o the_o name_n be_v true_o high-dutch_a and_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o lobeck_a or_o ein_fw-mi eck_fw-mi des_fw-fr lobe_n a_o corner_n of_o land_n for_o upon_o such_o a_o plot_n of_o ground_n it_o be_v situate_a commendable_a for_o something_o or_o other_o in_o it_o extraordinary_a and_o notable_a the_o polish_v historian_n particular_o j._n ludowic_n decius_n in_o his_o history_n of_o sigismond_n ii_o king_n of_o poland_n be_v very_o zealous_a in_o assert_v that_o this_o great_a city_n owe_v its_o birth_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o their_o country_n who_o have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o this_o part_n of_o germany_n build_v a_o fort_n and_o in_o some_o short_a time_n after_o a_o wall_a town_n in_o that_o neck_n of_o land_n upon_o which_o lubec_n stand_v but_o the_o german_n as_o vigorous_o oppose_v this_o assertion_n affirm_v that_o godschalck_n a_o certain_a king_n of_o the_o vandal_n lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o the_o town_n a._n d._n 1040_o which_o small_a beginning_n be_v enlarge_v into_o the_o bulk_n of_o a_o considerable_a city_n by_o crito_n a_o prince_n of_o rugen_n in_o the_o year_n 1104_o or_o as_o other_o 1087._o but_o however_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o it_o be_v never_o a_o city_n nor_o have_v any_o charter_n confirm_v to_o it_o before_o it_o have_v be_v once_o utter_o ruin_v and_o lay_v desolate_a by_o ratzo_n prince_n of_o rugen_n in_o the_o year_n 1134_o and_o rebuilt_a by_o adolph_n ii_o earl_n of_o holstein_n a._n d._n 1140_o who_o be_v unable_a to_o defend_v any_o part_n of_o his_o territory_n against_o the_o victorious_a duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o bavaria_n henry_n ii_o surname_v the_o lion_n be_v force_v to_o yield_v up_o to_o he_o lubec_n among_o the_o other_o conquer_a part_n of_o his_o dominion_n afterward_o when_o success_n and_o pride_n have_v swell_v henry_n to_o that_o height_n as_o to_o make_v he_o neglect_v his_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n to_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n barbarossa_n and_o to_o side_n with_o the_o pope_n in_o a_o quarrel_n against_o he_o he_o be_v by_o the_o say_a emperor_n public_o proscribe_v and_o devour_v by_o the_o joint_a force_n of_o his_o neighbour_n prince_n every_o one_o lay_v hold_n of_o that_o part_n of_o his_o estate_n which_o lie_v next_o he_o in_o this_o confusion_n lubec_n be_v besiege_v and_o take_v by_o the_o emperor_n himself_o but_o after_o his_o death_n restore_v to_o the_o forementioned_a duke_n henry_n afterward_o it_o be_v conquer_v by_o waldemar_n duke_n of_o sleswic_n and_o brother_n to_o canutus_n king_n of_o denmark_n but_o not_o long_o after_o the_o citizen_n find_v themselves_o too_o severe_o treat_v by_o their_o danish_a lord_n put_v their_o city_n under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n ii_o who_o grant_v they_o several_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n and_o restore_v they_o to_o the_o ancient_a liberty_n which_o they_o have_v enjoy_v under_o their_o first_o master_n since_o that_o time_n lubec_n have_v continue_v a_o imperial_a city_n be_v always_o reckon_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a in_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o hans-town_n the_o bishopric_n of_o lubec_n which_o since_o john_n adolph_n duke_n of_o holstein_n be_v elect_v bishop_n of_o that_o see_v in_o the_o year_n 1596_o have_v always_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o some_o of_o the_o young_a brother_n of_o that_o house_n be_v first_o found_v by_o the_o emperor_n otho_n i._o at_o oldenburg_n in_o wagerland_n and_o afterward_o remove_v hither_o with_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n i._o by_o henry_n the_o lion_n duke_n of_o saxony_n in_o the_o year_n 1163._o there_o be_v not_o any_o city_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n which_o at_o this_o day_n excel_v or_o perhaps_o can_v equalise_v lubec_n either_o in_o beauty_n or_o uniformity_n of_o its_o building_n or_o pleasantness_n of_o its_o garden_n and_o grove_n the_o street_n be_v general_o strait_a and_o even_o the_o house_n be_v all_o build_v with_o brick_n and_o cover_v with_o tile_n in_o the_o year_n 1238_o a_o great_a fire_n hap'n_v in_o the_o city_n burn_v down_o many_o of_o their_o street_n which_o at_o that_o time_n consist_v of_o house_n make_v of_o timber_n and_o cover_v with_o thatch_n whereupon_o the_o senator_n of_o the_o city_n make_v a_o order_n that_o thenceforward_o no_o such_o house_n shall_v be_v build_v within_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n from_o the_o public_a conduit_n they_o have_v water_n convey_v by_o pipe_n into_o every_o citizen_n private_a house_n according_a to_o which_o pattern_n the_o conduit_n in_o london_n and_o other_o great_a city_n in_o europe_n be_v first_o contrive_v the_o street_n be_v in_o several_a place_n grace_v with_o row_n of_o linden_n tree_n plant_v on_o each_o side_n the_o church_n about_o twenty_o in_o number_n be_v general_o well_o build_v and_o adorn_v with_o high_a steeple_n or_o spire_n especial_o the_o cathedral_n dedicate_v to_o st._n mary_n which_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o as_o curious_a architecture_n as_o most_o in_o germany_n the_o river_n trave_n on_o which_o lubec_n be_v seat_v about_o eight_o or_o ten_o english_a mile_n from_o the_o sea_n be_v large_a and_o deep_a enough_o to_o carry_v the_o large_a vessel_n that_o sail_v upon_o the_o baltic_a so_o that_o daily_a merchantman_n of_o the_o great_a bulk_n as_o well_o as_o flat_o bottom_v barge_n be_v bring_v up_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n which_o with_o its_o neighbour_n hamburg_n be_v think_v to_o maintain_v near_o six_o hundred_o vessel_n in_o continual_a traffic_n the_o city_n be_v govern_v by_o twelve_o burgo-master_n who_o be_v all_o of_o they_o either_o doctor_n of_o civil_a law_n or_o some_o of_o the_o grave_n and_o experience_a nobility_n of_o the_o city_n the_o common_a council_n be_v make_v up_o of_o half_a lawyer_n and_o noble_n and_o the_o other_o half_a merchant_n their_o law_n will_v not_o permit_v any_o handicraftsman_n two_o brother_n nor_o father_n and_o son_n to_o be_v of_o this_o great_a council_n of_o the_o city_n suppose_v that_o illiterate_a mechanic_n can_v hardly_o have_v so_o much_o skill_n in_o state-affair_n as_o will_v render_v they_o fit_v for_o government_n and_o that_o near_a relation_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o side_n with_o one_o another_o and_o not_o act_v with_o such_o unbiased_a judgement_n as_o other_o that_o be_v nothing_o akin_a ii_o wismar_n wismar_n wismar_n seat_v in_o the_o way_n betwixt_o lubec_n and_o rostoc_n at_o a_o equal_a distance_n namely_o seven_o german_a or_o one_o and_o twenty_o english_a mile_n from_o both_o those_o city_n cromer_z and_o vapovius_fw-la zealous_a assertor_n of_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o country_n derive_v the_o name_n of_o this_o city_n from_o one_o wissimir_n its_o founder_n who_o they_o tell_v we_o be_v a_o polish_v prince_n descend_v from_o their_o great_a duke_n lechus_n the_o ground_n of_o their_o story_n they_o borrow_v from_o saxon_a grammaticus_n and_o crantzius_n who_o report_n that_o wissimirus_n a_o prince_n of_o the_o vandal_n march_v with_o a_o good_a army_n into_o denmark_n and_o there_o slay_v siward_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o at_o his_o return_n build_v wismar_n now_o these_o man_n imagine_v that_o princeps_fw-la vandalicus_n and_o vendicus_n signify_v the_o same_o thing_n conclude_v present_o that_o this_o wissimir_n must_v certain_o have_v be_v a_o pole_n and_o then_o the_o great_a honour_n they_o can_v do_v he_o be_v to_o bring_v he_o from_o the_o loin_n of_o lechus_n whereas_o grant_v the_o main_a part_n of_o crantzius_n story_n which_o nevertheless_o be_v undoubted_o false_a that_o wismar_n be_v indeed_o build_v by_o such_o a_o prince_n as_o
quite_o cross_a the_o country_n in_o this_o principality_n be_v most_o of_o the_o mine_n of_o silver_n mine_n mine_n copper_n lead_v etc._n etc._n belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o brunswic_n and_o lunenburg_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v at_o rammelsberg_n wildeman_n and_o zellerfeld_n rammelsberg_n be_v a_o high_a mountain_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n goslar_n on_o one_o side_n shade_v with_o part_n of_o the_o hercynian_a forest_n but_o on_o the_o other_o cover_v with_o nothing_o but_o moss_n the_o german_a historian_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o mine_n on_o this_o mounttain_n be_v first_o discover_v in_o the_o year_n 972_o by_o a_o hunter_n who_o have_v tie_v his_o horse_n to_o a_o bush_n and_o go_v some_o distance_n from_o he_o at_o his_o return_n find_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o ore_n beat_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n with_o his_o horse_n hoof_n this_o hunter_n they_o say_v be_v surname_v ram_n and_o thence_o the_o mountain_n get_v the_o name_n of_o rammelsberg_n upon_o the_o bruit_n of_o this_o discovery_n the_o emperor_n otho_n i._n immediate_o procure_v a_o company_n of_o frank_n that_o well_o understand_v the_o art_n of_o melt_v and_o refine_n all_o sort_n of_o mineral_n and_o send_v they_o hither_o to_o teach_v the_o saxon_n their_o mystery_n to_o which_o before_o that_o time_n they_o be_v utter_a stranger_n from_o these_o frank_n the_o town_n of_o frankenburg_n not_o far_o from_o the_o mine_n of_o rammelsberg_n have_v its_o name_n not_o long_o after_o the_o riches_n of_o this_o mountain_n have_v be_v thus_o discover_v the_o miner_n be_v grow_v so_o numerous_a that_o this_o one_o place_n can_v neither_o find_v work_n nor_o food_n enough_o for_o such_o vast_a multitude_n as_o daily_o resort_v thither_o whereupon_o they_o begin_v to_o seek_v for_o new_a treasure_n in_o the_o neighbour_a hill_n and_o meet_v with_o so_o good_a success_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1045_o as_o albinus_n testify_v another_o great_a vein_n of_o ore_n be_v discover_v in_o the_o place_n where_o wild-man_n now_o stand_v and_o a_o three_o at_o zellerfeld_n in_o the_o year_n 1070._o this_o last_o town_n be_v now_o the_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o mine-city_n belong_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o brunswic_n here_o the_o chief_a overseer_n of_o the_o mine_n keep_v his_o court_n every_o saturday_n and_o order_n every_o workman_n his_o pay_n for_o the_o week_n past_a the_o chief_a metal_n which_o be_v find_v in_o these_o mine_n be_v silver_n lethargy_n lead_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o and_o two_o sort_n of_o copper_n one_o whereof_o be_v melt_v out_o of_o the_o ore_n like_o other_o metal_n the_o other_o be_v make_v by_o the_o vitriol_n water_n upon_o great_a plate_n of_o iron_n which_o they_o steep_a in_o trough_n make_v for_o this_o purpose_n beside_o these_o metal_n they_o find_v a_o great_a many_o sort_n of_o mineral_n which_o abundant_o recompense_v the_o workman_n labour_n though_o not_o sufficient_a to_o atone_v for_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o life_n which_o be_v too_o often_o take_v away_o by_o their_o nauseous_a and_o deadly_a smell_n the_o rich_a of_o these_o be_v 1._o grey_a vitriol_n 2._o atramentstein_n or_o ink-stone_n a_o mineral_n of_o many_o various_a colour_n out_o of_o these_o two_o bray_v and_o boil_v together_o be_v make_v the_o ordinary_a green_a vitriol_n 3._o gedien_fw-mi vitriol_n which_o grow_v like_o icicle_n out_o of_o the_o rock_n and_o may_v be_v use_v without_o any_o further_o cleanse_v or_o purify_n 4._o blue_n vitriol_n common_o make_v out_o of_o the_o copper_n ore_n 5._o white_a vitriol_n make_v of_o lead_n ore_n 6._o misy_n a_o mineral_n much_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n and_o nature_n with_o the_o ordinary_a yellow_a brimstone_n 7._o brimstone_n make_v out_o of_o a_o peculiar_a sort_n of_o ore_n find_v here_o in_o great_a quantity_n out_o of_o which_o drop_v the_o store_n sulphuris_fw-la which_o usual_o coagulate_a like_o icesicles_n the_o several_a way_n of_o discover_v of_o mine_n order_v of_o mineral_n ore_n etc._n etc._n be_v the_o same_o here_o as_o at_o friberg_n and_o other_o mine-town_n in_o the_o german_a empire_n so_o that_o for_o a_o account_n of_o these_o and_o the_o like_a rarity_n we_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o follow_a description_n of_o misnia_n the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a town_n in_o the_o principality_n of_o grubenhagen_n be_v eimbeck_n or_o einbeck_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o say_v letzner_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o confluence_n of_o a_o great_a many_o small_a rivulet_n in_o this_o place_n into_o one_o common_a stream_n for_o beck_n in_o the_o dialect_n of_o the_o low_a saxon_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o northern_a english_a signify_v the_o same_o with_o the_o high_a dutch_a word_n bache_n a_o rivulet_n or_o small_a torrent_n the_o only_a trade_n of_o the_o town_n be_v former_o in_o breuhane_n which_o be_v here_o brew_v and_o export_v into_o many_o of_o the_o neighbour_a part_n but_o of_o late_a year_n the_o citizen_n have_v addict_v themselves_o exceed_o to_o husbandry_n and_o tillage_n and_o enrich_v the_o city_n mighty_o with_o their_o comtrade_n which_o will_v doubtless_o be_v daily_o advance_v if_o they_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o good_a river_n to_o take_v off_o their_o vast_a stock_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n clausthal_n altenau_n andreasberg_n osterrode_v and_o the_o other_o great_a town_n of_o this_o principality_n be_v whole_o inhabit_v by_o miner_n who_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o people_n breed_v in_o cave_n and_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v not_o trouble_v themselves_o with_o the_o erect_n of_o fair_a structure_n above_o ground_n the_o county_n of_o blanckenburg_n and_o reinstein_n this_o county_n as_o appear_v from_o many_o ancient_a charter_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o other_o instrument_n sign_v by_o several_a of_o the_o german_a emperor_n be_v former_o call_v hartingow_n or_o hartgow_n which_o name_n the_o dutch_a writer_n explain_v by_o das_z gow_z a_o hartz_n and_o we_o may_v english_a it_o the_o hercynian_a county_n for_o as_o the_o ancient_a roman_n divide_v their_o whole_a land_n into_o so_o many_o province_n which_o be_v again_o subdivide_v into_o certain_a praefecturas_fw-la praesidiatus_fw-la colenias_n or_o municipia_fw-la so_o old_a germany_n consist_v of_o a_o set_a number_n of_o gown_n or_o pflegen_n and_o these_o be_v make_v up_o of_o inferior_a voigteyen_n or_o dingstule_n that_o be_v hundred_o or_o bailiwick_n for_o although_o the_o word_n gowe_z and_o pflege_n now_o fleck_n signify_v pagus_n a_o town_n yet_o the_o old_a saxon_n and_o other_o people_n of_o germany_n have_v not_o former_o above_o one_o of_o these_o in_o a_o whole_a county_n so_o that_o gow-graff_a or_o judex_n paganus_fw-la be_v in_o effect_n the_o same_o thing_n as_o come_v a_o earl_n or_o count_n but_o when_o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1100_o the_o name_n of_o gown_n begin_v to_o be_v antiquate_v and_o lay_v aside_o hartingow_n once_o the_o large_a county_n in_o the_o low_a saxony_n be_v forget_v and_o the_o county_n or_o grassschaft_n a_o new_a word_n instead_o of_o gowe_z take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o two_o chief_a fort_n in_o it_o blackenburg_n and_o reinstein_n together_o with_o its_o name_n it_o lose_v its_o ancient_a boundary_n and_o be_v contract_v into_o a_o much_o narrow_a compass_n then_o former_o for_o the_o county_n of_o stolberg_n schwartzburg_n and_o hohenstein_n with_o the_o bishopric_n of_o quedlinburg_n and_o county_n of_o wernigerode_n be_v cut_v off_o from_o this_o province_n however_o because_o the_o county_n of_o wernigerode_n be_v still_o subject_a to_o the_o same_o master_n with_o blackenburg_n we_o shall_v at_o present_a comprise_v both_o province_n under_o one_o name_n and_o give_v a_o description_n of_o they_o together_o tacitus_n speak_v of_o these_o part_n tell_v we_o the_o inhabitant_n live_v in_o a_o intolerable_a sharp_a air_n and_o seneca_n say_v they_o have_v a_o continual_a winter_n and_o certain_o if_o this_o character_n may_v be_v just_o appropriate_v to_o any_o province_n in_o germany_n it_o be_v to_o this_o which_o be_v continual_o expose_v to_o the_o northwind_n and_o endure_v the_o cold_a blast_n from_o the_o top_n of_o bructerus_n and_o the_o neighbour_a mountain_n which_o be_v usual_o cover_v with_o snow_n till_o midsummer_n but_o this_o sharp_a air_n be_v not_o destructive_a to_o the_o healthy_a and_o vigorous_a constitution_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o more_o common_o than_o any_o other_o german_n arrive_v at_o the_o age_n of_o 100_o or_o 110_o year_n but_o however_o be_v there_o such_o a_o intempery_n coeli_fw-la as_o these_o author_n mention_n constant_o hover_v over_o the_o head_n of_o the_o blackenburger_n yet_o that_o inconvenience_n will_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n be_v recompense_v by_o those_o other_o way_n whereby_o nature_n have_v enrich_v this_o country_n for_o the_o valley_n though_o they_o afford_v but_o little_a corn_n yet_o be_v as_o plentiful_o stock_v with_o kine_n
scholar_n j._n carpzovius_fw-la son_n to_o the_o famous_a lawyer_n of_o that_o name_n who_o be_v former_o professor_n in_o this_o university_n have_v get_v himself_o great_a credit_n by_o his_o skill_n in_o the_o eastern_a language_n and_o his_o apprehensive_a quickness_n in_o unfolding_a the_o mystery_n of_o the_o ancient_a and_o modern_a jewish_a rabbi_n the_o great_a part_n of_o which_o accomplishment_n he_o have_v as_o himself_o confess_v from_o the_o good_a instruction_n of_o his_o master_n schertzer_n beside_o these_o old_a mr._n thomasius_n schoolmaster_n near_o st._n nicholas_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o man_n singular_o well_o skilled_a in_o all_o manner_n of_o philological_a writing_n among_o the_o old_a manuscript_n in_o their_o library_n which_o amount_v to_o some_o thousand_o but_o be_v only_o the_o despicable_a plunder_v of_o a_o few_o demolish_a monasery_n the_o only_a rarity_n be_v tzetzes_n greek_a commentary_n upon_o homer_n iliad_n a_o book_n perhaps_o hardly_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o elsewhere_o and_o write_v in_o a_o fair_a and_o legible_a character_n iii_o freyberg_n freyberg_n freyberg_n a_o famous_a and_o pleasant_a mine-town_n not_o far_o from_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n mulda_n the_o citizen_n have_v so_o grand_a a_o conceit_n of_o the_o delicacy_n of_o this_o town_n be_v situation_n that_o this_o be_v a_o ordinary_a proverb_n among_o they_o be_v i_o lord_n of_o leipsic_n i_o will_v spend_v my_o income_n at_o freyberg_n it_o derive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o rich_a hill_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v fribergam_fw-la indigenae_fw-la claro_fw-la de_fw-la nomine_fw-la dicunt_fw-la libera_n de_fw-fr fossis_fw-la quasi_fw-la ferres_fw-la munera_fw-la terris_fw-la in_o st._n peter_n church_n at_o freyberg_n be_v the_o usual_a bury_a place_n of_o the_o elector_n many_o whereof_o lie_v here_o entomb_v in_o fair_a monument_n especial_o elector_n maurice_n who_o monument_n of_o black_a marble_n be_v raise_v three_o pile_n high_a and_o adorn_v with_o many_o rich_a statue_n in_o alabaster_n and_o white_a marble_n this_o be_v reckon_v one_o of_o the_o noble_a and_o perhaps_o may_v pass_v for_o the_o very_o best_a of_o its_o kind_n in_o germany_n when_o this_o city_n be_v surrender_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o friedland_n soldier_n in_o the_o year_n 1632_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n pay_v 80000_o ricxdollar_n to_o save_v these_o sepulcher_n of_o his_o father_n from_o be_v ransack_v and_o deface_v and_o this_o large_a sum_n be_v the_o more_o willing_o give_v because_o it_o be_v the_o fashion_n to_o bury_v the_o german_a prince_n in_o their_o robe_n and_o ensign_n of_o honour_n ring_n jewel_n etc._n etc._n which_o will_v have_v be_v rich_a plunder_v for_o the_o soldier_n if_o not_o compound_v for_o the_o mine_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v find_v out_o accidental_o in_o the_o year_n 1180_o mine_n mine_n by_o a_o fellow_n carry_v salt_n who_o in_o a_o cart-road_n first_o discover_v a_o piece_n of_o ore_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v as_o rich_a in_o silver_n as_o the_o best_a in_o germany_n since_o that_o time_n the_o multitude_n of_o miner_n who_o have_v swarm_v hither_o have_v make_v so_o great_a progress_n in_o their_o work_n as_o to_o undermine_v the_o whole_a town_n which_o stand_v at_o least_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o upon_o vault_n and_o cavern_n beside_o these_o mine_n within_o the_o wall_n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o more_o within_o a_o mile_n or_o two_o of_o the_o city_n the_o most_o remarkable_a of_o which_o be_v that_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a hill_n auff_n dem_fw-ge hohem_fw-mi berg_fw-mi which_o be_v above_o seventy_o seven_o of_o their_o fathom_n in_o depth_n now_o each_o of_o these_o fathom_n contain_v twelve_o of_o their_o ell_n three_o of_o which_o make_v a_o english_a fathom_n so_o that_o this_o mine_n be_v in_o all_o probability_n the_o deep_a in_o europe_n the_o miner_n have_v a_o peculiar_a habit_n of_o their_o own_o which_o can_v so_o well_o be_v describe_v as_o represent_v in_o a_o figure_n to_o the_o eye_n they_o dig_v several_a sort_n of_o metal_n and_o mineral_n out_o of_o these_o mine_n mineral_n metal_n and_o mineral_n though_o the_o only_a thing_n they_o labour_v for_o be_v silver_n one_o of_o the_o overseer_n of_o these_o mine_n give_v i_o thirty-two_a several_a kind_n of_o ore_n all_o of_o which_o will_v yield_v some_o silver_n but_o in_o a_o proportion_n different_a from_o the_o rest_n the_o most_o ordinary_a sort_n of_o ore_n contain_v either_o silver_n and_o copper_n silver_n and_o lead_n or_o all_o three_o but_o the_o lead_n and_o copper_n be_v not_o much_o regard_v they_o have_v here_o great_a quantity_n of_o sulphur_n or_o brimstone_n over_o which_o be_v hard_a and_o stony_a and_o usual_o speckle_v which_o the_o miner_n look_v upon_o as_o a_o sign_n of_o the_o rich_a ore_n with_o red_a spot_n some_o of_o this_o ore_n contain_v silver_n some_o copper_n and_o some_o both_o but_o in_o a_o small_a and_o inconsiderable_a proportion_n a_o hundred_o weight_n of_o ore_n yield_v common_o three_o pound_n and_o a_o half_a of_o sulphur_n which_o run_v out_o of_o a_o furnace_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n into_o water_n and_o be_v afterward_o melt_v over_o again_o and_o purify_v the_o relic_n of_o the_o ore_n out_o of_o which_o the_o silver_n be_v already_o melt_v serve_v for_o two_o use_n first_o to_o melt_v down_o silver_n which_o when_o too_o hard_o it_o make_v fluid_a but_o the_o more_o consideral_a use_n of_o it_o be_v in_o the_o make_n of_o vitriol_n or_o copperas_n after_o this_o manner_n they_o burn_v the_o brimstone-ore_n again_o and_o then_o put_v it_o into_o a_o large_a fat_a pour_v water_n thereon_o which_o have_v stand_v a_o competent_a while_n be_v boil_v to_o a_o considerable_a height_n and_o then_o let_v out_o into_o cooler_n in_o these_o there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o stick_v set_v up_o as_o in_o the_o make_n of_o sugar_n candy_n to_o which_o the_o pure_a vitriol_n cleave_v as_o the_o worse_a sort_n do_v to_o the_o side_n and_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n they_o have_v several_a way_n of_o discover_v mine_n divina_fw-la virgula_fw-la divina_fw-la the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v with_o the_o virgula_fw-la divina_fw-la the_o use_n whereof_o some_o of_o they_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o conjuration_n rather_o than_o a_o experiment_n draw_v from_o the_o principle_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n it_o be_v a_o fork_a piece_n of_o hazel_n the_o two_o horn_n of_o which_o the_o discoverer_n hold_v in_o his_o hand_n with_o the_o fork_n upright_o in_o this_o posture_n he_o traverse_n the_o ground_n mutter_v a_o set_a form_n of_o unintelligible_a word_n to_o himself_o when_o the_o fork_a stick_n move_v by_o a_o occult_a impulse_n turn_v in_o his_o hand_n and_o point_n to_o the_o ground_n it_o be_v take_v for_o a_o infallible_a argument_n of_o some_o rich_a vein_n of_o silver_n in_o the_o place_n it_o point_v at_o upon_o this_o sign_n give_v they_o immediate_o fall_v a_o dig_v and_o seldom_o miss_v of_o the_o expect_a success_n sometime_o they_o meet_v with_o damp_n in_o the_o deep_a mine_n which_o be_v always_o dangerous_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o often_o prove_v mortal_a to_o the_o labourer_n but_o the_o great_a inconvenience_n and_o which_o constant_o attend_v their_o labour_n be_v the_o dust_n which_o grate_v upon_o and_o fret_v their_o skin_n lung_n and_o stomach_n and_o too_o often_o shorten_v their_o day_n by_o bring_v they_o into_o irrecoverable_a consumption_n to_o secure_v themselves_o against_o these_o two_o evil_n they_o sometime_o use_v large_a vizard_n with_o glass-eye_n under_o which_o they_o have_v room_n enough_o to_o breath_n for_o some_o considerable_a while_n at_o freyberg_n there_o be_v a_o yearly_a coinage_n of_o ricxdollar_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o other_o money_n which_o be_v most_o common_o true_a sterling_a and_o look_v upon_o general_o as_o the_o best_a cash_n in_o germany_n for_o whereas_o the_o emperor_n coin_n be_v usual_o a_o base_a and_o mix_v mertal_a the_o elector_n be_v pure_a and_o true_a silver_n currant_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n iv_o meisen_n once_o the_o metropolis_n and_o chief_a city_n in_o this_o marquisate_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o at_o this_o time_n so_o inconsiderable_a as_o that_o it_o hardly_o merit_v the_o four_o place_n in_o this_o catalogue_n it_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n meisse_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v before_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o germany_n it_o be_v famous_a for_o a_o great_a wooden_a bridge_n across_o the_o elb_n near_o this_o place_n which_o dresser_n be_v please_v to_o call_v the_o brave_a sight_n of_o its_o kind_n in_o germany_n and_o bertius_n venture_v to_o name_v it_o the_o wonder_n of_o europe_n but_o some_o of_o the_o unruly_a soldier_n robe_v the_o town_n of_o this_o piece_n of_o credit_n and_o it_o have_v now_o nothing_o to_o brag_v of_o
brunsberg_n which_o draw_v together_o some_o considerable_a number_n of_o people_n oblige_v he_o soon_o after_o to_o wall_n the_o place_n round_o and_o turn_v it_o into_o a_o city_n 6._o ewanczitz_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seat_v at_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o rivers_n iglaw_n and_o oslaw_n both_o which_o here_o lose_v their_o name_n and_o be_v afterward_o call_v schwartza_n this_o city_n be_v once_o notorious_a for_o harbour_v more_o different_a sect_n in_o religion_n then_o almost_o any_o other_o town_n in_o europe_n the_o parish_n church_n be_v divide_v by_o the_o two_o prevail_a party_n of_o hussites_n and_o lutheran_n both_o of_o which_o have_v here_o the_o exercise_n of_o their_o inconsistent_a form_n of_o divine_a worship_n at_o the_o same_o time_n one_o of_o their_o street_n be_v whole_o inhabit_v by_o jew_n who_o have_v erect_v in_o it_o a_o synagogue_n and_o school_n for_o themselves_o and_o child_n without_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n the_o calvinist_n have_v two_o 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be_v the_o eager_a muldau_n satzawa_n orliecze_n lusinitz_n gyzera_n and_o mouse_n all_o which_o spring_n within_o the_o kingdom_n and_o be_v at_o last_o empty_v into_o the_o elb_n at_o dietzin_n most_o of_o these_o run_v in_o a_o clear_a channel_n and_o afford_v great_a plenty_n of_o fish_n in_o some_o of_o they_o the_o native_n find_v a_o sort_n of_o shellfish_n much_o like_o a_o horse-muscle_n with_o a_o pearl_n in_o it_o of_o good_a value_n such_o as_o those_o be_v which_o mr._n cambden_n tell_v we_o lie_v gape_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n irt_v in_o cumberland_n in_o several_a part_n of_o bohemia_n especial_o at_o teplitz_n and_o wary_a both_o which_o have_v their_o name_n from_o the_o hot_a bath_n there_o find_v spring_v mineral_n and_o medicinal_a water_n which_o exceed_o refresh_v the_o body_n and_o cure_v many_o distemper_n the_o acid_a water_n at_o oegran_n and_o comorzan_n be_v account_v mighty_a sovereign_n against_o many_o disease_n and_o there_o be_v not_o many_o year_n ago_o a_o fountain_n of_o as_o great_a credit_n at_o stechowicz_n near_o prague_n the_o like_a be_v still_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o at_o benessow_n near_o caplicze_n which_o for_o the_o cure_v it_o have_v perform_v have_v get_v the_o name_n of_o dobra_n woda_n or_o good_a water_n there_o be_v no_o lake_n in_o the_o kingdom_n pond_n pond_n except_v only_o one_o or_o two_o near_o the_o town_n of_o mosta_n and_o tepla_fw-la of_o little_a or_o no_o moment_n but_o the_o fishpond_n in_o many_o place_n seem_v to_o equal_v the_o lake_n in_o foreign_a country_n witness_v those_o petty_a fresh_a water_n sea_n at_o pardubicz_n clumecz_n trzebon_n rozdialowicz_n and_o copydlan_n where_o the_o pond_n abound_v with_o perch_n jack_n carp_n and_o other_o fish_n bring_v their_o master_n in_o as_o large_a revenue_n as_o so_o many_o good_a lordship_n the_o soil_n of_o the_o country_n be_v general_o fat_a and_o arable_a in_o few_o place_n barren_a or_o sandy_a commodity_n commodity_n you_o have_v here_o also_o fine_a wood_n and_o forest_n intermix_v but_o none_o so_o large_a as_o to_o render_v any_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n uninhabitable_a the_o orchard_n and_o garden_n be_v so_o well_o stock_v with_o fruit_n that_o yearly_o great_a quantity_n of_o apple_n pear_n etc._n etc._n be_v hence_o export_v into_o misnia_n and_o other_o neighbour_a country_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v wine_n enough_o if_o the_o luxury_n of_o the_o present_a age_n do_v not_o want_v great_a supply_n than_o nature_n in_o their_o own_o vineyard_n which_o be_v reckon_v a_o better_a body_v liquor_n than_o moravian_n wine_n and_o equal_v the_o austrian_a in_o taste_n but_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o be_v keep_v to_o so_o good_a a_o age_n the_o field_n and_o meadow_n be_v rich_o stock_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n especial_o horse_n of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a courage_n and_o bulk_n their_o hop-garden_n afford_v they_o a_o better_a and_o more_o plentiful_a crop_n than_o be_v usual_a in_o other_o country_n for_o which_o reason_n their_o beer_n whereof_o they_o have_v two_o sort_n white_a and_o brown_a be_v high_o value_v and_o export_v into_o the_o neighbour_a part_n of_o germany_n there_o have_v be_v some_o salt-pit_n discover_v in_o bohemia_n but_o so_o inconsiderable_a that_o they_o find_v the_o profit_n will_v not_o answer_v the_o cost_n of_o dig_v and_o therefore_o the_o bohemian_o have_v their_o salt_n out_o of_o misnia_n and_o other_o province_n of_o germany_n but_o this_o want_n be_v sufficient_o recompense_v by_o their_o rich_a mine_n of_o silver_n copper_n tin_n iron_n lead_v sulphur_n niter_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o by_o their_o glass_n and_o alum_n make_v here_o in_o great_a quantity_n they_o pretend_v to_o have_v carbuncle_n ametheist_n and_o other_o precious_a stone_n in_o their_o land_n which_o they_o say_v be_v often_o find_v in_o the_o mine_n and_o among_o the_o rock_n of_o the_o hill_n country_n anselm_n boetius_fw-la boodt_n who_o we_o have_v occasion_n to_o mention_v in_o the_o description_n of_o
part_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o ancient_a palace_n of_o the_o duke_n and_o king_n of_o bohemia_n there_o be_v still_o stand_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n round_o this_o palace_n the_o cement_n whereof_o be_v so_o good_a that_o hardly_o any_o engine_n can_v be_v invent_v which_o will_v pull_v they_o down_o the_o jesuit_n of_o late_a year_n have_v build_v here_o a_o new_a college_n for_o themselves_o which_o go_v beyond_o the_o other_o they_o have_v before_o in_o the_o old_a town_n 3._o the_o little_a town_n or_o kleine_n seiten_fw-ge as_o they_o sometime_o call_v it_o lie_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o muldau_n over_o which_o you_o pass_v by_o a_o stately_a stone-bridge_n of_o sixteen_o arch_n in_o this_o place_n stand_v winceslaus_n palace_n wherein_o the_o emperor_n when_o he_o come_v to_o prague_n keep_v his_o court._n some_o have_v venture_v to_o affirm_v that_o as_o good_a high_a dutch_a be_v speak_v in_o this_o palace_n and_o by_o the_o neighbour_a burgher_n as_o in_o any_o city_n of_o germany_n but_o he_o that_o shall_v curious_o and_o critical_o inquire_v into_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o assertion_n will_v find_v that_o the_o language_n here_o speak_v fall_v as_o far_o short_a of_o the_o pure_a misnian_a dialect_n as_o this_o palace_n do_v of_o the_o elector_n court_n at_o dresden_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o be_v the_o cathedral_n of_o this_o archbishopric_n dedicate_v to_o st._n vite_fw-la from_o the_o top_n of_o which_o you_o have_v the_o best_a prospect_n of_o the_o city_n of_o prague_n at_o weissenberg_n or_o the_o white_a hill_n near_o prague_n be_v fight_v the_o fatal_a battle_n between_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n and_o count_n bucquoy_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n the_o second_v force_n and_o frideric_n count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n and_o elect_a king_n of_o bohemia_n in_o which_o the_o new_a king_n be_v conquer_v his_o force_n total_o rout_v his_o ordnance_n seize_v on_o and_o himself_o and_o his_o queen_n our_o king_n charles_n the_o martyr_n sister_n force_v to_o fly_v into_o silesia_n prague_n be_v force_v to_o resign_v itself_o up_o immediate_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o emperor_n who_o soon_o after_o root_v out_o all_o maintainer_n of_o the_o protestant_a religion_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n some_o historian_n have_v take_v notice_n that_o of_o the_o gospel_n appoint_v to_o be_v read_v on_o the_o day_n whereon_o be_v fight_v this_o battle_n which_o be_v the_o twenty-third_a sunday_n after_o trinity_n a._n d._n 1620_o this_o text_n render_v to_o cesar_n the_o thing_n that_o be_v caesar_n be_v a_o part_n which_o be_v as_o observable_a as_o the_o church_n of_o england_n appoint_v the_o 27_o chapter_n of_o matthew_n to_o be_v read_v the_o second_o lesson_n on_o the_o thirty_o of_o january_n whereon_o our_o late_a king_n suffer_v martyrdom_n ii_o egra_n egraâ—_n egraâ—_n a_o great_a city_n on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o palatinate_n be_v call_v by_o the_o bohemian_o chebbe_n but_o by_o the_o german_n that_o inhabit_v it_o egra_n from_o the_o river_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v it_o be_v make_v a_o imperial_a city_n by_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n i._o in_o the_o year_n 1179_o in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o burgher_n to_o that_o emperor_n in_o oppose_a henry_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n who_o have_v overrun_v the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o country_n it_o be_v wall_v with_o a_o double_a sometime_o with_o a_o triple_a wall_n and_o defend_v by_o a_o almost_o impregnable_a castle_n the_o marketplace_n be_v surround_v with_o very_o fair_a building_n and_o some_o of_o their_o church_n make_v a_o good_a show_n bertius_fw-la and_o ens_fw-la speak_v of_o strange_a cure_n perform_v by_o the_o water_n issue_v out_o of_o a_o fountain_n in_o the_o suburb_n of_o this_o city_n the_o well_o they_o mention_v be_v not_o in_o the_o suburb_n but_o about_o two_o english_a mile_n from_o the_o town_n its_o water_n be_v something_o salt_n and_o brinish_a but_o very_o cool_a and_o clear_a they_o be_v say_v to_o cure_v all_o infirmity_n in_o the_o eye_n ear_n or_o other_o part_n of_o the_o head_n and_o many_o other_o cure_n be_v wrought_v by_o their_o purge_n and_o cleanse_v the_o body_n jac._n theodorus_n tabernaemontanus_n give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o some_o strange_a feat_n wrought_v by_o they_o in_o his_o book_n entitle_v wasser-schatz_a print_v at_o frantfurt_n a._n d._n 1584._o and_o paul_n macasius_n publish_v a_o whole_a treatise_n about_o the_o nature_n and_o virtue_n of_o these_o egrish_a water_n in_o the_o year_n 1616._o some_o antiquary_n pretend_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o old_a name_n of_o this_o city_n be_v sourstad_v from_o these_o bitter_a water_n but_o we_o can_v expect_v no_o great_a faithfulness_n in_o the_o account_n of_o its_o antiquity_n since_o the_o city_n with_o all_o its_o record_n perish_v in_o the_o flame_n a._n d._n 1270._o other_o city_n of_o note_n be_v 1._o budweiss_n a_o fair_a and_o large_a town_n not_o far_o from_o the_o border_n of_o austria_n 2._o kuttenberg_n a_o mine-town_n on_o the_o elb._n elnbogen_n a_o strong_a town_n on_o the_o border_n of_o misnia_n call_v usual_o the_o bohemian_a key_n to_o the_o german_a empire_n 4._o thabor_n in_o the_o way_n betwixt_o prague_n and_o budweiss_n whence_o the_o picart_n get_v the_o name_n of_o thaborite_n leimiritz_n aug_v bern_n bruck_n gretz_n maut_n hoff_n jaromir_n pilsen_n etc._n etc._n be_v no_o better_o then_o ordinary_a market-town_n franconiae_fw-la nova_fw-la descriptio_fw-la sumptibus_fw-la jansonio-waesbergiorum_a mosis_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-la stephani_fw-la swart_a reverendissim_fw-la o_o &_o illustrission_n principi_fw-la ac_fw-la domino_fw-la dnon_fw-la francisco_n episcopo_fw-la bambergensi_fw-la &_o wirceburgensi_fw-la francia_fw-la orientalis_n duci_fw-la domino_fw-la svo_fw-la clementissimo_fw-la humillime_v offer_v nicolaus_n rittershusius_n u._n i._o d._n the_o great_a circle_n of_o franconia_n franconia_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o ten_o great_a circle_n or_o district_n into_o which_o the_o german_a empire_n be_v usual_o divide_v this_o district_n send_v to_o the_o diet_n the_o bishop_n of_o wurtsburg_n eichstadt_n and_o bamberg_n the_o count_n of_o henneberg_n wertheim_n etc._n etc._n with_o several_a other_o prince_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a beside_o the_o deputy_n of_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o noremberg_n rottenburg_n winsheim_n and_o schwinfurt_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n with_o schwaben_n and_o bavaria_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o rhine_n and_o the_o low_a palatinate_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o landgraviate_v of_o thuringen_n and_o on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n the_o country_n have_v undoubted_o its_o name_n from_o the_o frank_n its_o ancient_a inhabitant_n who_o some_o historian_n make_v a_o remnant_n of_o the_o old_a trojan_n who_o at_o first_o be_v expel_v their_o own_o country_n by_o the_o grecian_n seat_v themselves_o upon_o the_o seashore_n near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o danubius_n these_o sicambri_n for_o so_o they_o be_v then_o call_v be_v beat_v from_o their_o hold_n by_o the_o goth_n be_v force_v to_o seek_v out_o new_a habitation_n and_o at_o last_o about_o 430_o year_n before_o christ_n fix_v themselves_o under_o the_o command_n of_o their_o general_n marcomir_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o rhine_n in_o westphalia_n friesland_n and_o gelderland_n all_o which_o country_n be_v afterward_o comprise_v under_o the_o general_n name_n of_o sicambria_n about_o four_o hundred_o year_n after_o they_o name_v themselves_o franci_n after_o the_o name_n of_o their_o great_a commander_n francus_n who_o lead_v they_o beyond_o the_o rhine_n and_o subdue_v for_o they_o the_o great_a part_n of_o gallia_n which_o they_o name_v franckric_a the_o german_n call_v it_o still_o franckreich_n or_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o frank_n other_o say_v that_o the_o frank_n be_v not_o one_o particular_a people_n but_o that_o the_o vbii_n mattiaci_n juhones_n sicambri_n tencteri_n vsipetes_n marsi_n marsaci_n tubantes_n bructeri_n chamavi_n angrivarii_n dulgibini_n chassuarii_n ansibarii_n frisii_n chanci_n cherusci_n gambrivii_n and_o some_o other_o branch_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n unite_v themselves_o into_o one_o body_n by_o a_o solemn_a league_n and_o covenant_n as_o the_o only_a mean_n to_o secure_v themselves_o against_o the_o grow_a power_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n have_v thus_o link_v themselves_o together_o they_o take_v as_o the_o almain_n have_v do_v before_o they_o one_o common_a name_n call_v themselves_o francken_a which_o in_o their_o language_n signify_v as_o freyen_v in_o the_o modern_a high_a dutch_a a_o free_a people_n as_o we_o find_v in_o our_o ancient_a law-book_n francisia_n for_o freedom_n franciscare_n to_o set_v at_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n be_v a_o word_n still_o common_o use_v for_o liberty_n about_o three_o hundred_o and_o sixteen_o year_n after_o christ_n there_o be_v great_a contest_v between_o the_o thuringian_o and_o schwabe_n
the_o eastern_a bank_n of_o the_o rhine_n be_v a_o province_n of_o no_o large_a extent_n but_o exceed_o fruitful_a in_o corn_n wine_n and_o hemp._n the_o country_n be_v everywhere_o very_o populous_a and_o the_o village_n so_o thick_a that_o the_o whole_a marquisate_n have_v be_v by_o some_o compare_v to_o one_o continue_a city_n with_o fair_a garden_n interlace_v among_o the_o building_n entz_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d wirmb_n phintz_n and_o the_o other_o river_n afford_v plenty_n of_o fish_n and_o the_o chase_n and_o park_n be_v so_o well_o stock_v with_o venison_n and_o fowl_n that_o what_o the_o nobility_n in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n covet_v as_o a_o delicacy_n the_o rustic_n of_o baden_n have_v for_o their_o ordinary_a food_n the_o merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n antwerp_n and_o other_o great_a trade_n town_n in_o the_o netherlands_o furnish_v themselves_o hence_o with_o those_o vast_a quantity_n of_o flax_n and_o hemp_n which_o they_o transport_v into_o foreign_a nation_n so_o that_o what_o pass_v for_o holland_n flax_n here_o in_o england_n grow_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o marquisate_n of_o baden_n and_o be_v bring_v thence_o down_o the_o rhine_n there_o be_v in_o this_o country_n whole_a wood_n of_o chesnut_n tree_n which_o feed_v their_o great_a herd_n of_o swine_n at_o a_o cheap_a rate_n than_o the_o hog-merchant_n of_o whestphalia_n who_o buy_v their_o chestnut_n at_o bremen_n can_v afford_v to_o do_v the_o quarry_n give_v the_o inhabitant_n a_o advantage_n of_o build_v fair_a house_n with_o a_o small_a cost_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d provide_v they_o with_o a_o good_a freestone_n and_o marble_n of_o all_o colour_n among_o these_o especial_o in_o the_o county_n of_o sponheim_n they_o sometime_o find_v agate_n which_o be_v here_o rare_o polish_a and_o send_v into_o foreign_a country_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o this_o marquisate_n be_v most_o peculiar_o happy_a in_o the_o multitude_n and_o goodness_n of_o its_o hot_a bath_n and_o mineral-water_n especial_o at_o baden_n of_o which_o more_o anon_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o vast_a conflux_n of_o the_o nobility_n from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o these_o bath_n we_o may_v reasonable_o imagine_v that_o the_o complaisant_a carriage_n towards_o stranger_n which_o we_o find_v everywhere_o practise_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n have_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n proceed_v from_o their_o conversation_n with_o stranger_n who_o flock_n hither_o upon_o the_o strong_a conceit_n they_o have_v of_o the_o more_o than_o ordinary_a virtue_n of_o these_o water_n they_o be_v general_o a_o stout_a and_o hardy_a people_n inure_v to_o labour_n and_o toil_n or_o the_o severity_n of_o a_o camp_n from_o their_o their_o cradle_n hence_o they_o come_v to_o be_v reckon_v as_o good_a soldier_n as_o any_o in_o the_o emperor_n dominion_n and_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a honour_n the_o country_n have_v get_v this_o last_o year_n 1681_o in_o have_v their_o marquis_n herman_n make_v choice_n of_o to_o succeed_v the_o late_a famous_a commander_n montecuculi_fw-la in_o the_o place_n of_o general_n of_o all_o the_o imperial_a force_n no_o question_n the_o marquis_n of_o this_o country_n be_v descend_v of_o a_o ancient_a stock_n of_o prince_n marquis_n marquis_n but_o of_o what_o old_a family_n they_o be_v to_o be_v repute_v a_o branch_n the_o german_a herald_n can_v scarce_o determine_v some_o fetch_v they_o from_o the_o vrsin_n and_o other_o from_o the_o house_n of_o della_n scala_n or_o the_o scaliger_n some_o again_o labour_v to_o prove_v that_o baden_n and_o hochberg_n be_v different_a family_n and_o other_o that_o they_o be_v but_o one_o other_o genealogist_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n barbaressa_n bring_v herman_n marquis_n of_o verona_n out_o of_o italy_n and_o make_v he_o the_o first_o marquis_n of_o hochberg_n and_o baden_n a._n d._n 1155._o which_o will_v very_o ill_o agree_v with_o what_o the_o best_a high_a dutch_a historian_n report_v of_o a_o monastery_n be_v found_v by_o herman_n marquis_n of_o baden_n in_o his_o village_n of_o backenau_n a._n d._n 1116_o which_o be_v confirm_v by_o bruno_n bishop_n of_o spire_n in_o the_o year_n 1122._o the_o most_o probable_a opinion_n be_v that_o they_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o ancient_a count_n of_o vindonissa_n and_o altemburg_n in_o switzerland_n from_o who_o also_o the_o duke_n of_o zeringuen_n and_o tek_v the_o count_n of_o habspurg_n and_o the_o archduke_n of_o austria_n derive_v their_o original_n at_o present_v there_o be_v two_o family_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o baden_n whereof_o one_o be_v a_o profess_a lutheran_n and_o the_o other_o a_o zealous_a papist_n for_o this_o reason_n their_o interest_n seem_v different_a the_o marquis_n of_o durlach_n associate_a himself_n with_o the_o count_n palatine_n the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n the_o duke_n of_o wirtenberg_n and_o the_o count_n of_o solms_n and_o the_o marquis_n of_o baden_n with_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n savoy_n and_o lorraine_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o hohernzollern_n each_o of_o these_o prince_n style_n himself_o marquis_n of_o baden_n and_o hochberg_n landgrave_n of_o sausenberg_n earl_n of_o sponheim_n and_o eberstein_n lord_n of_o rotel_n badenweiler_n lohr_n and_o mahlberg_n the_o chief_a city_n in_o the_o marquisate_n of_o baden_n baden_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o marquisate_n baden_n baden_n and_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o vast_a number_n of_o hot_a bath_n in_o this_o place_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v above_o three_o hundred_o the_o town_n stand_v among_o hill_n on_o a_o craggy_a and_o uneven_a spot_n of_o ground_n so_o that_o there_o be_v hardly_o a_o strait_a and_o plain_a street_n in_o it_o some_o of_o the_o bath_n be_v scald_a hot_a and_o all_o of_o they_o run_v out_o of_o rock_n of_o brimstone_n salt_n and_o alum_n have_v the_o same_o taste_n one_o of_o they_o be_v call_v the_o kettle_n out_o of_o which_o the_o water_n boil_v at_o a_o wonderful_a rate_n reek_v as_o if_o set_v over_o a_o furnace_n these_o water_n be_v reckon_v sovereign_a medicine_n for_o several_a disease_n especial_o the_o cramp_n and_o gout_n both_o which_o distemper_n have_v be_v admirable_o cure_v by_o they_o for_o this_o reason_n there_o be_v a_o continual_a resort_n of_o the_o german_a nobility_n and_o gentry_n who_o flock_n hither_o in_o as_o great_a company_n during_o the_o whole_a summer_n as_o our_o english_a gentry_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v to_o bath_n in_o somersetshire_n see_v joh._n keiffer_n description_n of_o the_o bath_n of_o this_o country_n 2._o durlach_n durlach_n durlach_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n psintz_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o high_a hill_n on_o the_o top_n whereof_o stand_v a_o tower_n wherein_o contintial_a watch_n be_v keep_v for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o city_n the_o street_n in_o this_o town_n be_v general_o fair_a and_o straight_o and_o the_o building_n stately_a and_o uniform_a the_o marquise_n palace_n far_o excel_v that_o at_o baden_n and_o be_v large_a enough_o to_o receive_v the_o court_n and_o attendant_n of_o the_o great_a monarch_n in_o europe_n there_o be_v a_o gymnasium_n keep_v up_o by_o some_o few_o professor_n who_o read_v public_a lecture_n in_o the_o several_a faculty_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o worthy_a a_o scholar_n sight_n be_v the_o rare_a collection_n of_o ancient_a coin_n and_o medal_n in_o the_o marquise_n cabinet_n and_o the_o library_n adjoin_v wherein_o be_v some_o piece_n of_o good_a note_n 3._o pfortzheim_n say_v rhenanus_fw-la pfortzheim_n pfortzheim_n be_v ancient_o call_v orcynheim_n and_o by_o latin_a author_n porta_n hercyniae_fw-la because_o it_o be_v seat_v at_o the_o entrance_n into_o the_o schwartzwald_n a_o part_n of_o the_o hercynian_a forest_n as_o you_o travel_v from_o spire_n on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o town_n you_o have_v fair_a meadow_n pasture-ground_n and_o cornfield_n but_o the_o other_o side_n be_v nothing_o but_o mountain_n and_o wood_n this_o town_n be_v former_o subject_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o schwaben_n but_o fall_v afterward_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o conradine_n the_o last_o duke_n of_o that_o country_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o baden_n who_o be_v now_o lord_n of_o it_o 4._o gersbach_n be_v a_o town_n of_o no_o great_a extent_n gersbach_n gersbach_n have_v in_o it_o only_o two_o church_n whereof_o one_o be_v frequent_v by_o lutheran_n and_o the_o other_o by_o papist_n the_o marquis_n of_o baden_n as_o count_n of_o eberstein_n a_o castle_n not_o far_o from_o this_o town_n have_v here_o a_o palace_n and_o court_n of_o judicature_n for_o the_o determine_v all_o controversy_n and_o lawsuit_n arise_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o this_o small_a county_n 5._o badenweiler_n a_o city_n betwixt_o freyburg_n and_o basil_n badenweiler_n badenweiler_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o marquisate_n of_o baden_n though_o seat_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o brisach_n the_o hot_a bath_n of_o this_o
a_o imperial_a city_n at_o the_o jesuit_n college_n be_v to_o be_v see_v before_o the_o war_n with_o france_n a_o large_a old_a roman_a aries_n or_o battering-ram_n a_o piece_n of_o antiquity_n of_o great_a value_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v now_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o i_o know_v not_o to_o these_o we_o may_v add_v moltzheim_n have_v on_o the_o brusch_n seltz_n and_o some_o few_o town_n more_o place_n of_o no_o great_a note_n before_o they_o be_v visit_v by_o the_o french_a army_n and_o of_o much_o less_o since_o the_o chief_a city_n and_o great_a town_n in_o the_o upper_a alsace_n the_o city_n of_o brisach_n call_v by_o antonine_n in_o his_o itenerary_n mons_fw-la brisiacus_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o brisgow_n the_o old_a inhabitant_n of_o which_o province_n we_o find_v often_o mention_v in_o latin_a historian_n by_o the_o name_n of_o brisigavi_n or_o brisigavii_n b._n rhenanus_fw-la and_o some_o other_o high_a dutch_a antiquary_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o brisach_n stand_v former_o on_o the_o western_a bank_n of_o the_o rhine_n because_o on_o that_o side_n the_o old_a roman_n use_v to_o build_v their_o fort_n and_o on_o the_o east_n of_o this_o town_n there_o be_v still_o a_o great_a hollow_a valley_n which_o they_o take_v for_o the_o ancient_a channel_n of_o the_o rhine_n but_o cluverius_n be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o prove_v that_o the_o emperor_n valentinian_n who_o all_o allow_v to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o founder_n of_o brisach_n build_v castle_n on_o both_o side_n the_o river_n the_o town_n stand_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o round_a hill_n excellent_o well_o fortify_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n but_o they_o have_v only_o one_o deep_a well_o which_o supply_v the_o whole_a city_n with_o water_n the_o river_n be_v at_o some_o distance_n and_o the_o passage_n troublesome_a in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o germany_n this_o town_n be_v besiege_v and_o take_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o saxon-weimar_n who_o force_n be_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o courage_n and_o gallantry_n resist_v by_o the_o imperialist_n for_o four_o month_n together_o during_o which_o time_n the_o besiege_a be_v bring_v to_o those_o extremity_n as_o to_o dig_v up_o the_o dead_a body_n of_o their_o soldier_n after_o they_o have_v be_v some_o day_n bury_v and_o to_o eat_v their_o flesh_n in_o this_o siege_n 80000_o man_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v slay_v and_o about_o 1100000_o rixdollar_n spend_v in_o ammunition_n on_o both_o side_n since_o that_o time_n a._n d._n 1638_o the_o french_a under_o who_o banner_n the_o forementioned_a duke_n of_o saxony_n then_o bear_v arm_n have_v remain_v master_n of_o this_o city_n wherein_o their_o present_a victorious_a king_n have_v of_o late_o repair_v its_o fortification_n keep_v a_o strong_a garrison_n and_o a_o court_n of_o judicature_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o chamber_n at_o spire_n which_o decide_v all_o controversy_n in_o his_o new_a conquest_n levy_n contribution_n give_v he_o right_o to_o all_o neighbour_a village_n as_o dependency_n on_o some_o great_a town_n yield_v up_o to_o he_o by_o the_o late_a treaty_n at_o nimiguen_n etc._n etc._n 2._o freyburg_n in_o brisgow_n be_v at_o first_o a_o village_n build_v by_o a_o company_n of_o miner_n who_o wrought_v at_o the_o silver_n and_o copper_n mine_n about_o a_o german_a mile_n from_o brisach_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n grow_v so_o rich_a as_o to_o purchase_v the_o estate_n and_o title_n of_o nobleman_n by_o this_o mean_v their_o village_n grow_v up_o into_o a_o large_a city_n which_o be_v able_a upon_o a_o very_a short_a warning_n to_o send_v into_o the_o field_n three_o thousand_o fight_a man_n this_o city_n fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n a._n d._n 1386_o and_o be_v by_o the_o present_a emperor_n resign_v up_o to_o the_o french_a together_o with_o its_o village_n of_o lehn_n mezhausen_n and_o kirchzart_n in_o exchange_n for_o philipsburg_n there_o be_v in_o the_o town_n fourteen_o religious_a house_n and_o a_o university_n found_v by_o albert_n archduke_n of_o austria_n in_o the_o year_n 1450._o the_o citizen_n be_v excellent_a artist_n at_o polish_n all_o manner_n of_o precious_a stone_n such_o especial_o as_o be_v find_v in_o lorraine_n and_o the_o neighbour_a country_n 3._o near_o the_o place_n where_o the_o imperial_a city_n colmar_n be_v now_o seat_v stand_v the_o ancient_a argentuaria_n which_o be_v conquer_v by_o gratian_n the_o emperor_n a._n d._n 378_o and_o afterward_o destroy_v by_o the_o gothic_a general_n attila_n out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o this_o old_a town_n colmar_n or_o cole-market_n be_v first_o build_v a_o city_n which_o stand_v in_o a_o plain_a and_o fruitful_a country_n and_o former_o so_o populous_a that_o in_o the_o great_a church_n at_o a_o easter-time_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o have_v near_o four_o thousand_o communicant_n but_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o germany_n wherein_o it_o be_v take_v by_o the_o swedish_n force_n and_o by_o they_o resign_v to_o the_o french_a and_o the_o late_a engagement_n with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n army_n have_v make_v it_o as_o desolate_a of_o inhabitant_n as_o house_n vtriusque_fw-la alsatiae_fw-la superioris_fw-la ac_fw-la inferioris_fw-la nova_fw-la tabula_fw-la apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a mosem_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanum_n swart_a lantgraff_n in_o obern_n elssas_n lantgraff_n in_o vnderen_n elssa_n alsatia_n inferior_a apud_fw-la mosem_fw-la pitt_n alsatia_n superior_n cum_fw-la suntgoia_n et_fw-fr brisgoia_n terrirotium_fw-la argentoratense_n apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a mosem_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-fr ptephanum_n swart_a mulnhausen_n by_o most_o late_a geographer_n place_v in_o the_o upper_a alsace_n be_v one_o of_o the_o confederate_a city_n of_o switzerland_n keysersberg_n and_o turcheim_n be_v imperial_a city_n but_o of_o no_o great_a note_n the_o city_n and_o bishopric_n of_o strasburg_n argentina_n be_v a_o name_n of_o a_o monkish_a invention_n instead_o of_o argentoratum_n 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the_o first_o