mistaking that place Mat. 3.11 but that was fulfilled Acts 2.3 when cloven tongues of fire fell upon the Apostles Niceph. lib. 3. hist eap 3.4 tells us of one that was baptized with sand but when it was known to the Church he was further baptized The former was not sufficient because it had not Christs prescription for his was the Element of Water who as it is the most common liquor to wash filthinesse from the body so it most fitly resembles Christs bloud to wash away all manner of filthinesse from the soule Ezek. 16.6 God saw the people of Israel in their blood and in their filthinesse in that corrupt state of nature that every man is born in but verse 9. Out of His meere mercy He washed her with Water and annointed her with Oyl that was the graces of his holy Spirit So here a man must be born again of Water and the Spirit As for the circumstances of Baptisme they are not so much materiall whether the whole body be dipped in water or it be sprinkled upon the Party In the Primitive Times and especially in those hot countries the whole body was put in water as now it s buried under the ground hence Rom. 6.4 they were said to have been buried with Christ in their Baptisme unto his death and the taking of them up again which presented our resurrection concerning which you may reade more at large in the Counsels of Laodicea and Neocesaria But we must know that many of ripe yeeres were then baptized that were able to indure it and for Infants the Country was hotter but now where Infants onely are baptized and such as are in cold Countries diving their whole bodies into the waters were enough to bury them indeed oâ— cause them to dye not onely to baptize them Againe in those times some dipped them thrice into the vvaters some but once of those that dipped them thrice some would signifie Christs three dayes lying in the grave as Tertull and Cypr. others the Trinity in whose name they were baptized those that dipped but once would signifie the unity in Trinity but wee stand not upon these And even as a man can but be once born naturally no more can he but bee once born spirituall which in the Text is called being borne again grosse therefore is the opinion and practice of the Anabaptists who re-baptize their prosylited into their errour St. Cypr. fell about rebaptizing of Heretiques against whom Cornelius did justly oppose himselfe c. In this Baptisme the Papist say that originall sinne is so taken away that after it it s but an occasion of sinne but we say with St. Aug. whom all orthodox Divines in this point have followed tollitur reatu remanet actu though the guilt of it betaken away in elect Infants yet it remaines a sinne as a Serpent remains a Serpent when his sting is gone yet cannot kill and it s kept under and diminished in the faithfull by degrees Epiphanius compares it to a Tree growing in the Walls of some stately building which may bee lopped and kept under but the root vvill never be pulled out untill the Wall be pulled down no more will originall sinne untill the body and soule bee pulled asunder by death Originall sinne remains a sinne in the Elect and regenerate after Baptisme Yet secondly the guilt of that sinne is taken away in elect Infants And ordinarily in baptisme where it is compleat If I had not bin occasioned to the handling of these two points I should not have fallen so fully upon them but the most vvise God hath his providence in every thing I shall point a little at Originall sinne and then come home to the point And in it we vvill first consider the quod sit that it is and secondly the quale sit what it is for the former briefly Ephes 2.3 natura filii irae and vvere by nature the children of vvrath that is by reason of our corrupt nature infected vvith originall sinne and Rom. 7.23 There was a Law in Pauls members rebelling against the Law of his mind c. by vvhich Lavv of his members is meant vitiositas naturae the corruption of his nature which did inhaerere stick in them and as a Law irritated him to what was evill 2. The quale what such it is It s a defect of Originall justice with an aptitude to all manner of evill haereditarily come upon us by vertue of Adams guilt The Schoole Divines make two branches of it and in it consider the materiale and the formale the muteriale they conceive to be concupiscence the formale the defect of originall Justice or privation of it thus Aquinas and his followers who were both many acute and learned though other wise carried â—â—ay with the errours of their times In his pr. sec qu 82. art 3. in corporit calce thus in particular Cajetan Alexander Alensis Durandus this infected the whole man both in all the faculties of the soule or organs of the body as instruments to vent execute that inward corruption and this is the Doctrine of all our Orthodox Divines And Aquinas herein said well in his pr. sec qu 82. art 2. ad jum in peccato originali virtualiter praeexistant omnia peccata actualia sicut in quodam principio In originall sinne all our actuall sins do praeexist as in a certain common root or principle but I would be briefe in every passage And seeing that this is an haereditary disease or inhaerent corruption in our nature not the substantiall nature it selfe first hence Illyricus was much to blame who in his book de essentia justitiae and injustitiae originalis atque etiam in tractatu quodam adjuncto disputationi quam habuit cum Victorino Strigetio vivariae held that originall sinne was a substance a daemone factam made by the Devil which was viva essentialis ejus imago his living and essentiall Image not much unlike that of the Maniches asserted by Augustine Tom 7. lib. 6. contra Julianum cap. 1. Aug. in quod vult Deum haeres 88. who held that it was extranea mali naturanostrae naturae admixta 2. Hence the Pelagians are condemned who denied originall sinne in Infants contrary to Rom. 5.12 3. The Anabaptists Armenians and Albaneuses as Castrensis hath it lib. 12. haeres And now I come to the point that it remains in the regenerate as a sinne even after baptisme Amesius Tom. 4. lib. 2. Bell. enervati cap. 3. affirmes it to be sinne in such properly And in the Argument of that booke in the name of the reformed Churches 2. Mr. Rogers on the Articles of Religion condcluded for the Church of England whose propositions thence deduced were printed by authority Anno 1585. and 87. upon the 9. Art concerning originall sinne Proposition 3. Originall sinne remains in Gods children 3. Perkins in the order of causes page 98. It s the root of all actuall sinne and therefore even after baptisme saith he it
a wonder to hear what hours ambitious men take up in wearying of mens ears with relating from how many great personages they are descended to how many such like they are of kindred to how many allyed c. what famous acts these and these have done it may be so their times afforded them honour for it and their posterity others esteeme for their sake but in the meane time what have themselves done Their Ancestors I feare dyed without Executors of any of their Heroick Acts the most that any of them have done is to talk of them in a Tavern to swear big at an Ordinary to fight with sheild of Brawne to flash shoulders of Mutton and use the case shot of Olives and Capers to march under the colours of Sacke and Claret and to give fire upon their friends in a Tobacco pipe egregias sane laudes spolia amplarefertis Surely noble atchievements and high estimates to men of such Memorials let them know that God requires another kind of noblenesse another kind of action to bring them to Heaven not the first birth will do this but being born again Nisi quis natus fueritdenua except a man be born again I come now to the manner of it it must be of Water and the Spirit except a man be born again of Water and the Spirit Learned Interpreters are somewhat troubled about these words especially about the word Water all agree in this that we must be born again onely de modo de medio or de necessitate medij is the question about the manner of our being born again or the medium of it or the necessity of the medium Some understand the word Water figuratively for the grace of Gods Spirit and it cannot be denyed but that in Scripture it may sometimes so signifie as Iohn 4.10 He would have given the water of Life and John 7.38 Rivers of water of Life Yea but the word Life is added to it which more explicates it as it is not in this place Well but John 4.14 it 's not added there Whosoever shall drink of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst againe Yea but this is added the water that I shall give him and that is spirituall water Esa 44.3 is most like to favour this exposition I will power water upon the thirsty there is no addition to Water and floods upon the dry ground in that place no doubt but Water may be taken for the spirituall Water of Gods grace And some would illustrate this Exposition of the Text by Mat. 3.11 He will baptize you with the Holy Ghost and with fire whereby Fire is meant the zealous and fervent grace of Gods Spirit and is exegeticall or expositorie of the former word Yea but against this illustration it is excepted that when a word is exegeticall it must follow the word it expounds not go before it as it doth here not Water and the Holy Ghost but the Holy Ghost and Water 2. That it ought to be more plaine then that it expounds and not more dark as here I answer some reason and truth must be admitted in this exception I conceive that it holds cata polu but not cata panto's it holds true very often but not alwayes without any exception and in all places for sometimes one and the same thing one and the same truth may bee expressed in divers manner of speaking metaphoricall and literall and yet the sense aequipollente and all one and sometimes the latter more dark than the former Thus Lamen 3.19 Remembring mine affliction and my mourning the Wormwood and the Gall. Here the manner of speaking is divers the one sentence literall the other metaphoricall literall my affliction and my mourning metaphoricall the wormewood and the gall yet the sense aequipollent they come to one and the same sense yet the latter is more obscure then the former 2. Take the place of Esaiah before quoted Es 44.3 I le powre water upon the thirsty and floods upon the dry ground then it follows I le powre my Spirit upon thy Seed and my blessing upon thy Buds Here againe the manner of speaking is divers metaphoricall and literall in the words Spirit and Blessing yet the sense is aequipollent one and the same thing is meant by both so they think that the like may in this Text Water and the Spirit though the former be taken metaphorically the latter literally yet the sense aequipollent of the Spirituall graces of God and the Spirit present in those graces This I have said to shew the reasonablenesse of the Exposition of the Text in this sense and I know that divers modern Divines so take it But now for the second opinion to understand the Water literally and so of the Water of Baptisme I conceive a difference betweene this speech Water the Spirit and this Water and the Spirit the former may note out one and the same thing the latter two distinct things In the former instance where the words are expositorie or meant of one and the same thing they are spoken without any conjunction between them The words run not thus The affliction and the mourning And the wormwood and the gall but thus the affliction and the mourning the wormwood and the gall without any And between them and the like we may observe in the latter Esa 44.3 Rivers and floods my Spirit and my Blessing Not thus Rivers and Floods And my Spirit and my Blessing for that might have argued them to have been two distinct things For further explication or illustration thus Socrates Philosophus And Socrates Philosophus may admit of divers meanings For Socrates Philosophus by apposition may be meant of one and the same man being a Philosopher But Socrates Philosophus Socrates a Philosopher may be meant of him and of some man else that were a Philosopher So Water the Spirit may be meant of one and the same thing but Water And the Spirit may be meant of different things And so Christ speakes here except a man be born again of Water and the Spirit of Water as the outward element or medium of the Spirit or of the operatings and inward graces of God And this sense the most of the Ancients give of it and take the word Water literally here for the Water in Baptisme And indeed this sense will agree with the like expresses of the Spirit of God in Scriptures Act. 8.36 Here is the water saith the Eunuch what doth let me to be baptized v. 37. more then water is required of those that are of ripe yeers and that is actuall Faith If thou beleevest with all thine heart thou mayest the Eunuch answered Philip I beleeve that Jesus Christ is the Son of God upon this he was baptized And Ephes 5.26 That he might sanctifie and cleanse by the washing of Water through the Word through his powerfull promise made in the Word to do so This was required in Nicodemus as well as the
or more moderate Schoolmen as Bonaventure in this point and others upon the 4. of the Sentences make not Baptisme of so absolute necessity as if none could be saved without it But whereas they make a threefold Baptisme Baptismus fluminis Baptismus flaminis Baptismus sanguinis a Baptisme with Water a Baptisme with the Spirit and a Baptisme with blood a Baptisme with Water as here in the Text a Baptisme with the Spirit Luke last 49. Act. 2.4 they were all filled with the Holy Ghost a Baptisme with blood Luke 12.50 I must be baptized with a Baptisme and how am I streitghtned untill it be ended Now they say that baptisme of blood may suffice where a man is crowned with Martyrdom ex motu charitatis and cannot have the other 2. With the Baptisme of the Spirit Luke 23.43 The good Theife that was a Christian that dyed so was not baptized with Water but with the Spirit by which he beleeved that Christ was able to save him 3. Voto When a man hath an earnest and hearty desire to it and yet is prevented by death Thus Valentinian the Emperour sending for St. Ambros to baptize him yet dyed before he taught him being but in the way Ambros was not afraid to say that he was baptized voto and was in caelo in Heaven to the same effect St. August lib. 4. contra Donatestas cap. 22.23 and its worth our observation Mat. 16.16 in this point He that beleeveth and is baptized shall be saved Some might object what needs a man baptizing if he beleeve The Scripture tells us he needs and you have heard of many that beleeved before yet must be baptized then it follows but he that beleeveth not shall be damned It s not said he that beleeveth not and is not baptized So then where the Text saith except a man be born again of Water and the Spirit we must not understand it absolutely but in some respect that is when God offers it and we may have it if no then he cannot enter For as St. Bernard hath it Epist 77. it s not omnis deprivatio baptismi but contemptus or palpabilis neglectus not every deprivation of baptisme but contempt or palpable neglect when God gives time enough and we will not take it the death of such a man without it is fearfull 2. Consider to whom Christ speaks in this Text to Nicodemus a man of ripe yeers The immediate subject of Baptisme Except such a one be born of Water and the Spirit in such a case as you have heard he cannot enter for Baptisme is alwayes necessary necessitate praecepti in regard that God hath commanded it though not alwayes absolutely necessary necessitate medii thus much for ripe yeers especially and de ecclesia constituenda Now de ecclesia constituta of a Church constituted wherein all that are of ripe yeers are actuall Christians in such a Church Infants themselves are the immediate subject of Baptisme though I know that in the primitive Times or in the Times of the ancient Fathers many men that professed Christ would not be baptized till neere their death because they thought that by Baptisme all their sins were washed away which they had committed before it and if they had been baptized sooner they were afraid to have sinned again not well considering the vertues of it afterward this they did de facto but it was not commendable in them nor should be imitable by us though their intent was honest Now of Infants that dye without Baptisme what shall we say of them shall we account them all for damned that dye without Baptisme with Water as rigid Papists do or bury them on the North side of the Church where no Sun can shine on them to signifie that no Light of Heaven nor Sun-shine of Gods countenance belongs unto them Surely no it s an harsh an uncharitable opinion for Gods eternall election cannot be over-turned for want of the outward element where it cannot be had God having deprived them of it in taking them away by death It s true St. August was of this opinion Ep. 28. ad Hieron and 106. contra Pelagianos And lib. 1. de anima cap. 9. disputing against Vincentius Victor urgeth this Text To which I answer 1. That St. August was driven upon this rock of extremity by the Pelagians importunity who denying that Infants were born in originall sinne he had no better Arguments than Baptisme for one to shew the contrary for if not uncleane then they stood in no need of washing 2. I answer That St. August did as vvell arre in the other Sacrament of the Lords Supper lib. 1. de peccatorum meritis cap. 20. that it was necessary also to salvation for Infants to receive being mistaken from John 6. v. 53. See Maldonate in 6. Johannis how long this errour remained in the Church yet since the Councell of Trent hath condemned it and the practice of the Christian World is to the contrary But Rom. 11.16 If the Roote be holy so are the Branches If the Parents be holy we are to thinke the best in charity of their Children till they come to yeers of discretion and declare the contrary Gen. 17.7 God established a Covenant with Abrahams Seed as well as Abrahams selfe 1 Cor. 7.14 If either of the Parents be sanctified the Children are said to be holy 2. We know that the Infants under the Lavv vvere not to bee circumcised before 8. days old novv vvho knovves not that many of them dyed before that time and yet vve read not that they might be circumcised before it Now if all had been damned that wanted circumcision then had God beene unmercifull to his Creature to prevent this but this we know he is not the like we may conceive of Infants dying before they were baptized by water Mat. 2.16 Herod slew the Males in Bethlem and in the Coasts thereof of two yeeres old and under now its probable that many of those were so young that they were uncircumcised yet the Papists acknowledge they dyed Martyrs in Christs cause and were saved 3 Josh 5.5 By the space of 40. yeeres in the wildernesse they were not circumcised because Moser still waited for removeall and so they being sore were not so fit for it Now if all those that dyed there had been damned Moses and Aaron had been guilty of an horrible sin 4. And lastly wee know that in the Primitive Times they baptized but twice a yeer at Easter and Whitsuntide which they would not have done if the Popish Divinity had been true but this is no warrant forus to deferre baptisme when it may be had but we are to use the means seasonably which God hath prescribed so Cyp. ad fidum to take care for new born Infants Ep 3. The Element must be Water none else not Milke nor Wine nor Sand nor the like St. Aug tells us of Seleucus and Hermias two Heretiques that baptized with an hot Iron
by the outward sign he represents unto us and what have beene said of this of Faith in elect Infants you have heard and how in time it fructifies Dr. Fately in his Childrens Baptisme in page 59. saith the effects of the Spirit are begun at our Baptism c. p. 60. they have purg'd away the guilt of their sins and Christs righteousnesse is imputed to them Yet onely give me leave to relate what St. August saith of this Ep. 23. ad Bonif. seme perceptam parvulis Christi gratiam non amittit nisi propria impietate si aetatis accessu tam malus evaserit c. this grace of Christ once received the child looseth not except by his own vilenesse when he comes to yeers and then his actuall sins are not removed by his baptismall regeneration sed alia curatione sanentur they must be healed by actuall repentance and yet as Mr. Prinne Obs this will not follow that therefore a converted child of God may fall either totally or finally from actuall grace Our own Church Art 25. printed 1562. they are called effectuall signes of grace Now if God doe not effect grace in some sort by them they are not effectuall In our Forme of Baptisme in the Church of England we have been taught thus to pray That the child may be baptized with water and with the Holy Ghost be received into Christs Church and made a lively member of the same and that comming to baptisme it may receive remission of its sins by spirituall regeneration and give thy Holy Spirit to this Infant that it may be born againe And after Baptisme seeing now that this Child is regenerate c. and I do not quote this as any authority of its selfe any further then made good by Orthodox Divines Ames Tom. 3. lib. 2. cap. 3.75 page though all Infants receive not grace in Baptisme neither say we so Deum tamen quibusdam cum baptizantur habitum vel Principium gratiae in fundere non negamus Davenant in Col. 2.12 Spiritum gratiae inbaptismo acceptum Dr. Featley Part. 2. inward grace ordinarily accompanieth the outward signe Except a man be born again of Water and the Spirit Our Saviour you see begins at Baptisme with Nicodemus and the Spirituall Birth when he would have him a Christian And as in the Scriptures we reade of a twofold Circumcision so there is a twofold Baptisme a twofold Circumsiod Rom. 2. two last For he is not a Jew which is one outwardly neither is that Circumsion which is outward in the flesh that is it is not that Circumcision alone that makes a man acceptable to God without the other whereof that was a symbole but he is a Jew which is one within and the Circumcision of the heart in the Spirit not in the Letter whose praise is not of men but of God So hee is not an acceptable Christian to God that is onely baptized outwardly with Water but he that is one inwardly baptized also with the Spirit therefore our Saviour puts them both together Except a man bee born again of Water and the Spirit 2 Kings 4.31 When the Shunamites Child was dead the Prophet sent Gehezie with his staffe to lay upon the face of the child and to quicken it but no life nor motion did appeare by that then vers 35. the Prophet himselfe comes and hee layes his mouth to the Childs mouth c. and then presently it begins to revive and life was restored unto it Thus we may lay Water alone upon the Body but it can introduce no Spirituall life but when the presence of Gods sanctifying Spirit â—omes together with it then life is infused into the soule And secondly as a man can perceive nothing of the things of this life except he be first born into the world naturally no more can he perceive any thing of the sweetnesse of the life to come except hee bee first borne againe spiritually Thirdly even as the Children of Israel when they came out of Egypt were first to goe through the Red Sea 2. Through the solitary wildernesse 3. To be fed with Manna 4. To passe through Jordan and then 5. and lastly into the Land of Promise even so are we first to passe through the water of Baptisme 2. Through the Wildernesse of Temptation 3. God therein affords the Manna of consolation 4. After both Death and 5. and lastly then that aeternall Canaan or rest of glory Fourthly our Saviour saith not except this man or that man be borne againe but speakes indefinitely except a man be born againe that is as much as except every man be born again that may for the Logitians tells us as you have heard that in materia necessaria propositioni definita est instar vniversalis though in contingenti but particularis In a matter necessary an indefinite proposition is as an universall so that it s not left to every mans judgement as a thing indifferent whether he will be baptized or no but he must if he may if he mean to enter Heaven Fifthly we may observe that this is spoken to a Jew a man that had been circumcised before Amen Amen dico tibi to ye yet to circumsion he addes Baptisme putting an end as it were to the one and beginning the other therefore the Jewes do wrangle in vaine contending for Circumsion to bee for ever and never altered because it s said Gen. 17.7 That God made an everlasting Covenant with Abraham and his Seed and Abraham believed before he was circumcised and afterwards received the signe of Circumsion which is also called a Seale of the Righteousnesse of Faith and to Ahraham it was given as a signe that hee believed the divine promise of the Seed to come Gal. 3.16 He saith not as to the Seeds as speaking of many but to thy Seed as to one which is Christ in whom all the Nations of the Earth were to be blessed Circumcision then was an open signe of the confession of this Seed to come now the Seed being come if any man should retain circumsion as still necessary he should as much as signifie he were not come Gal. 5.2 Behold I Paul say unto you that if ye be circumcised Christ shall profit you nothing So that to the Jewes objection out of Gen. I answer thus faedus Dei cum populo sempiternum but signumillud particul are non esset aeternum although the Covenant of God with his people was to be aeternall yea their particular signe of circumcision was not to be so for though the covenant held yet the sign of the covenant was alterable for circumcision was not pactum but signum pacti circumcision was not the covenant its selfe but the signe of the covenant It s observeable in sacred Writ quod Deus ter faedus suum cum homine renovavit renewed his covenant three times with man and the sign was every time preximius perfectius the nearer to him and the more perfect First he made a
covenant with Noe of not drowning the world again by Water and his signe for this was his bow in the Clouds Gen. 9.12 13. This is the token of the Covenant which I make between me and you c. I have set my bow in the Clouds and it shall be a signe betweene me and the earth Secondly with Abraham and his Seed and promised Christ Gen. 17.10 And that in his Seed all the Nations of the Earth should be blessed as you have heard and then he instituted the signe of circumcision 3. And lastly he renews the covenant in Christ to all believers and of this covenant Baptisme was the more perfect than the former Sixthly observe that he joynes two things in the Sacrament together that are valde dissimili greatly dislike Water and the Spirit the former corporall the latter spirituall the former visible and the latter invisible and herein answers to the two essentiall parts of man his body and his soule where of the former is visible the latter invisible the Water visible the Spirit invisible the Water washeth the body the Spirit works upon the soule and minde John 3.8 the manner of our regeneration is compared to the blowing of the winde The winde bloweth where it listeth and thou hearest the sound thereof but thou canst not tell whence it comes nor whither it goes so is every one that is borne of God Now in the winde two things are observeable 1. we feel it blowing but 2. we cannot see the wind that bloweth for though it be a body yet naturall Philosophy teacheth us that it is corpus tam tenue so subtle a body that we cannot see it even so it is here we feel the sweet working of the Spirit but we cannot see that spirit that worketh The Papists that hold the Sacraments Phyficall Instruments as you have heard they say that the body is no lesse sanctified by the Water than the soule by the Spirit and they instance thus quemadmodum aqua viribus ignis intensius calefacta non aliter quam ignis vrit c. Even as Water made very hot by the fire doth no lesse burn then the fireits selfe so the Water in baptisme by the operation of the Spirit of God adjoyned to it doth cleanse the body of him that is baptized as the Spirit its selfe but as some of the sounder Schoole Divines have well considered Water being but Creatura insensibilis an insensible creature it s not capable to be the subject of any inhaerent grace as one body or element is capable of the heating by another 2. You have heard that Spiritus is not alwayes necessario sihi adjunctus the Spirit is not alwayes and of necessity joyned to it 3. And lastly the corporall substance of water cannot immediately touch or work upon the soule But even as the meat is first digested inwardly in the stomack and then by secret passage the spirit and vigour of it is conveyed to the outward parts of the body even so grace first infused into the heart and mind of a man spread it selfe into all the faculties of the soule and then into all the parts of the body so that the whole man is infected So grace when God doth infuse it spreads it selfe as farre thus in this sense in regard of parts where sin hath abounded there grace also may abound And in what sense God may be said to have sanctified us by the water of baptisme you have heard heretofore But you will say what need Christ water in baptisme as any outward signe to sanctifie us by cannot he sanctifie us by his Spirit without this I answer what needed our Saviour clay or spittle or washing in Siloam to have opened the blinde mans eyes could he not have done it onely by a word and it should have served Or why did God create man of the dust of the earth could hee not have created him of nothing I answer yes but he was not pleased so to doe but would use meanes to teach us not to despise the use of meanes but to waite upon God in the use of them when he appoints them Rom. 9.20 O man who art thou that disputeth with God shall thou teach him how he shall work his work or by what meanes Gen. 1. the latter part of the second ver it s said That the Spirit of God moved upon the Waters even so doth it upon these waters to sanctifie us by them as by an outward signe giving us by that which we see that which we see not in what sense you have heard before This water in Baptisme is thought to have been typified per aquam expiationis by the sprinkling water mentioned Numb 19.9 But ver 2. this water must have the ashes of a red Cow mingled that which was without blemish to note out that this water must have the red blood of Christ without sinne to goe with it As also by the Waters issuing out of the Sanctuary as some will have it Ezek. 47. from v. 1. forward c. as also by the Waters of the flood Gen. 7.7 and this is plain by St. Peter 1 Pet. 3.21 Seventhly he saith not nisi quis baptizatus fuerit sednisi quis natus fuerit ne quis de solo externo baptismo gloriaretur he saith not except a man be baptized but except a man be borne againe least any man should glory onely of his outward baptisme for outward baptisme with water you have heard will not serve without inward baptisme with the spirit by which the old man is put off and the new man put on or otherwise as many come through the red Sea that afterwards perished in the Wildernesse and never saw the Land of Promise so many may passe though the Water of Baptisme that afterwards perish in aeternall misery and never see the spirituall Canaan no more then they did the temporall Eightly As in naturall generation there is a concurrence of father and mother even so in this spirituall generation the Church as the mother she affords water and God as our Father he gives his Spirit and so a man comes to be born a child of Light 9. And lastly seeing that a man can but be once borne naturally no more can he spiritually as you have heard therefore Donatus of old and the Anabaptists of these latter times have been much to blame to baptize men over again seeing that their former baptisme was by lawfull Ministers and according to Christs prescription both for matter and forme Donatus upon conceipt that the Ministers were faulty in their lives that baptized them as though the efficacy of the Sacrament did depend upon the bounty of the Instrument and not upon GOD. Many that have been baptized by faulty Ministers prove good men and on the contrary many that have beene baptized by good Ministers prove bad men But before I passe this point I cannot but give you one collection from some of the Papists out of this Text. You know they
hold that the Fathers dying before Christ came in the flesh were not in Heaven but in Limbo and that because say they they were not thus baptized of Water and the Spirit or thus born again Yet when Christ suffered they say they were baptized with that water that came out of his sides and so were conveighed to Heaven at his comming out of Hell but we must know that this Text will afford them no such collection for first you have heard that this Text is not meant of absolute necessity but in some respect 2. Though they could not go to Heaven by Water yet might they by Circumcision as the outward signe or by the Sacâ—aments of the old Testament 3 And lastly this way to Heaven by Water was a new way and not ordinarily required before the comming of Christ this Sacrament was not restituted before his comming in the flesh therefore the Ancients could not be debarred Heaven for want of being born again thus as wee may The Water as it cannot regenerate without the Spirit so the Spirit ordinarily will not without this where it may be had and where it is contemned therefore God is pleased to joy ne them together in this sense also then those things that God bath put together let no man separate Seeing God hath beene pleased to put together Water and the Spirit let no man separate them Christ taught Nicodemus that hee must be born thus of Water and the Spirit except a man be born againe of Water and the Spirit I now come to the next point the necessity of it He cannot enter into the Kingdome of GOD except a man be borne againe of Water and the Spirit be cannot enter into the Kingdome of GOD. He cannot enter you have heard in some respect there is an impossibility he cannot take this Kingdome of God by violence as they did the Kingdome of God in another sense Mat. 11.12 The Kingdome of God is severally taken in Scriptures as sometimes for the Administration of the Gospell in which Christ did raigne in mens consciences as a King in his Throne or in his Kingdome thus 1 Cor. 4.20 The Kingdome of God is not in word but in power which words St. Paul expounds 1 Thes 1.5 For our Gospel came not unto you in word onely but also in power and in the Holy Ghost c. In the former place it s called the Kingdome of God in this latter the Gospell into this Kingdome of Heaven the Pharisees would neither enter themselves nor suffer others like Aesops Dog in the Hay that would neither eat it himselfe nor suffer the Cattle that would have made good use of it Mat. 23.13 Wee therefore unto you Scribes and Pharisees Hyporites because ye shut up the Kingdome of Heaven before men for yee your selves goe not in neither suffer yee those that would enter to come in 2. For the new estate of the Church in the time of the new Testament under Christ Mat. 5.19 He that shall breake one of the least of these Commandements and shall teach men so hee shall be accounted the least in the Kingdome of Heaven 3. And lastly to let other acceptions goe it s taken for the Kingdome of the blessed in the estate of glory thus Luke 12.32 Feare not little Flocke it is your Fathers will to give you the Kingdome and that you may see in the next verse is meant of the Kingdome of Heaven Whither no Theeves can come to steal and Mat. 25.34 This is the Kingdome prepared for you from the foundation of the world Acts 14.22 Through many afflictions we must enter into the Kingdome of God that is that aeternall Kingdome reserved for us in the Heavens Gal. 5.21 having spoken of the workes of the flesh he tels us that they which doe such things shall not in herit the Kingdome of God that is that Kingdome that is here spoken of in the Text Ephes 5.5 it s called the Kingdome of Christ and of God not that these are two Kingdomes but one and the same so called in severall respects Christ merited this Kingdome for us God gave us the Kingdome which Christ merited And Luke 22.29 where our Saviour speakes of his Disciples and how they continued with him in his Temptations therefore saith he I appoint unto you a Kingdome as my Father hath appointed unto me and that is the Kingdome into which the faithfull shall all enter but such as are not prepared for it like the foolish Virgins may cry Lord Lord long enough and yet the gate of this Kingdome will be shut against them Mat. 25.12 Christ will not know them that will not know him they shall not enter into this Kingdome of God except a man be borne againe of Water and the Spirit he shall not enter into the Kingdome of God He cannot enter Hence observe That regeneration is of absolute necessity to salvation John 3.3 except a man be born againe he cannot see the Kingdome of God Heb. 12.14 follow peace and holinesse without which no man shall see God for Mat. 5.8 it s the pure in heart that must see God And Heb. 11.6 without Faith its impossible to please God now where God is not pleased a man cannot be saved and where no regeneration is there is no faith and so by consequence no salvation I stand not upon the manner of regeneration whether it bee by Water as the outward signe and by the Spirit and inward grace as here in the Text or it be by the Spirit without Water where it cannot be had or it be sacramentally or habitually or howsoever yet there must be a regeneration even in Infants that dyes before they come to riper yeeres some meanes to cleanse and free a rationall nature from the guilt and damnable nature of originall sinne as well as actuall in riper yeers before there can be salvation but before we proceed any further let us propound two questions concerning this baptisme First whether the Water ought to be consecrated in which we are to baptize or no or we may baptize in common water I answer if by consecrated water be meant that superstitious popish consecrarion wee deny it for that is thus performed 1. By certain carefull crossings 2. By secret words 3. By some odde gestures 4. By these breathing on it as if like Christ these blind hypocrites would thus give the holy Ghost 5. By taking a burning wax Candle and putting it thrice into the water and saying Let the power of the Holy Ghost come down into this plentifull Fountain and let it make the whole substance of this water faithfull with the fruit of regeneration this they did upon that grosse conceipt that water was a Physicall Instrument to convey grace we have no such warrant in the Word of God or direction for any such thing But if by consecrated water no more bee meant but water set a part for an holy use and good end and such as concerning which we use prayers
about baptisme and for no other use imployed than baptisme this ought to breed no quarrell amongst intelligent Christians nor to denominate any man superstitious for the thus setting it apart and revising of it seeing that it s used in no other manner nor for any other end than the Apostles used water in their times for wee acknowledge no more inhaerent holinesse in this than in other Water as the Papists do and in this sense water in the Font is no worse than water in the Fountain nor to be accounted more superstitious being but thus used though the Fonts have been abused we know the Apostles and Apostolicall men baptized in common Water and such as was most obvious for that occasion devoy'd of any ceremonious consecration Mat. 3.6 John baptized in Jordan in the faire open River because he baptized many at one meeting and those of ripe yeers and Acts 8.38 Philip baptized the Eunuch in the Water by the high way side as they travelled and if we wanted other places as they did we might also doe the like Secondly where our Saviours mentions being borne again of Water and the Spirit but expresseth not in the Text who should apply it the second question may be who should administer baptisme I answer he that hath a lawfull calling to meddle in the Administration of the Church Sacraments and to touch the people and can shew the nature the end of them c Mat. last 19. those that went out to baptize went out also to teach such as were capable of it Yea that 's ordinarily but in case of necessity may not Lay-men baptize or Midwives c. the Papists say they may for whom thus much may be said in briefe First for private men to administer Sacraments the master of every family killed the Passeover in his owne private house Exod. 12. â— to 7. and distributed it to them why may not private men now as well minister Sacraments I answer that when the Passeover was first appointed then the Aaronicall Priesthood was not instituted but the eldest of every Family was a Priest if not uncapable and performed all Priestly duties unto God but after the Lord had chosen the Tribe of Levie and setled the Priest-hood in that then these things were done by them to whom it appertained and not by others 2. For Midwives it s usually urged that Zipporah circumcised the sonne of Moses Exod. 4.24 25. God met Moses in the Inne and would have killed him for neglecting the Circumcision of his Child Let negligent Parents take notice hence how Gods anger will bee also kindled against them if they neglect baptisme now the like to their children then Zipporah Moses his wife took a sharp knife and circumcised her son then Gods wrath ceased To which I answer 1. That one example makes no rule as one Swallow makes no Summer Judg 4.4 Deborah a woman judged Israel yet it will not honce follow for a rule that any woman may be Judge neither may we hence collect like that wise man in Norfolke who reading how Deborah judged Israel would needs hence collect that a woman might be a Justice of Peace there are divers particulars in Scripture out of which we cannot well draw generall Rules if we do we shall conclude many absurdities 2. I answer that this was an extraordinary example and therefore can no more make a rule for ordinary actions than Moses his baptizing in the cloud and in the Sea or his making of Aaron a Priest Moses and Aaron among his Priests c. this might not be drawn into a rule no more might Zipporahs Objection that neither doe they make this common rule but in case of necessity or in anticulomoâ—tis in danger of death To which I answer 1. That they make it more common many times then they need because they would be doing and be accounted some body 2. That there is no such absolute necessity as to compell them to abuse the Ordinance of God as if God had no other wayes â—o save by but by the powring on water by the hand of a woman they are no such grace-wives as to conferre grace thus 3. Moses was then sick when Zepparah circumcised the child and was not well able to do it yet what if Moses speak of this rather by way of indignation then any point of Religion or commendation of her 4. She did it not in any love or reverence to the Sacrament but for by respects she did not performe it in that reverend manner that Sacraments use to be performed but very unreverently and furiously both in deeds words and gestures In deeds she threw the fore skinne in an anger at his feet In words a bloudy husband hast thou been unto me grudging against God that instituted the Sacrament as well as Moses In gestures frowning and looking disdainfully upon him 5. And lastly though God was pleased when the Child was circumcised yet it followes not that therefore he was content with the manner of it or with the approving of the party that did it and the case I say was extraordinary Obj. 2. But howsoever they may apply the element and use the right form of words and better so than no baptisme at all I say that more is required to baptisme than water and the words and that is authority from God and a solemn calling from the Csturch to do it which they cannot have and necessity is no sufficient authority to Priest a woman though I know how some have cavelled amongst the reformed as I have known such as have been baptized by them afterwards brought to the Minister to be baptized of him and wee know that the opinion of absolute necessity put them upon the point But 1. Christ hath had a setled order of men since the beginning of the preaching of the Gospel to do this therefore no need of them 2 Mat. 28. 19. Teach and baptize this is a Sacrament of the Church and the Sex of a woman excludes her from Teaching and by consequence from administring Sacraments Joh 4.2 Jesus baptized not but his Disciples which some understend exclusively none but they did it yet no doubt but many Children were then in danger 2 Tim. 22. I permit not a woman to teach that is publiquely to instruct in the open Congrcgation 1 Cor. 14.34 Let your women keepe filence in the Church for it is not permitted them to speake their Sex deprives them of such Ministeriall functions Tertullian de velgandis virginibus it s not permitted a woman to speake in the Church much lesse to teach or to baptize or to offer neither to take to her selfe the execution of any mans office much lesse the Priests And Concil 4. Carth aginensi Epiphanius disputing against divers Heretiques and confuting Marcion complained that he also gave women leave to baptize he said the like of the Quintilian and Pepatian Heretiques and concerning the necessity of Baptisme by Water you have heard before that it s not