also_o orthodox_n in_o the_o faith_n this_o become_v matter_n of_o great_a bustle_n in_o the_o church_n hence_o spring_v that_o famous_a controversy_n between_o cyprian_a and_o stephen_n bishop_n of_o rome_n concern_v the_o rebaptising_a those_o that_o have_v be_v baptize_v by_o heretic_n of_o which_o there_o be_v so_o much_o in_o cyprian_n write_n cyprian_n assert_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v rebaptise_v the_o other_o as_o stiff_o maintain_v it_o to_o be_v both_o against_o the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o church_n this_o beget_v great_a heat_n and_o feud_n between_o those_o good_a man_n and_o engage_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a christian_a church_n in_o the_o quarrel_n cyprian_n endeavour_v to_o strengthen_v his_o cause_n not_o only_o by_o argument_n from_o scripture_n but_o by_o call_v a_o council_n at_o carthage_n of_o eighty_o seven_o african_a bishop_n who_o all_o conclude_v for_o his_o opinion_n how_o true_o cyprian_n maintain_v this_o i_o be_o not_o concern_v to_o inquire_v only_o i_o take_v notice_n of_o two_o thing_n which_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n plead_v by_o way_n of_o abatement_n to_o the_o rigour_n of_o their_o opinion_n council_n first_o that_o hereby_o they_o do_v not_o assert_v rebaptisation_a to_o be_v lawful_a this_o they_o express_o deny_v to_o receive_v any_o patronage_n from_o their_o practice_n 286._o for_o they_o look_v upon_o that_o baptism_n that_o have_v be_v confer_v by_o heretic_n as_o null_n and_o invalid_a see_v heretic_n be_v out_o of_o the_o church_n can_v not_o give_v what_o they_o have_v not_o and_o therefore_o when_o any_o return_v to_o the_o union_n of_o the_o church_n they_o can_v not_o proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v rebaptise_v see_v they_o do_v but_o receive_v what_o lawful_o they_o have_v not_o before_o 9_o second_o that_o they_o do_v not_o promiscuous_o baptize_v all_o that_o come_v over_o from_o heretical_a church_n for_o where_o any_o have_v be_v lawful_o baptize_v by_o orthodox_n minister_n before_o their_o go_v over_o to_o they_o these_o they_o receive_v at_o their_o return_n without_o any_o other_o ceremony_n than_o imposition_n of_o hand_n baptise_v those_o only_o who_o never_o have_v any_o other_o baptism_n than_o that_o which_o heretic_n have_v confer_v upon_o they_o cyprian_n be_v thus_o severe_a against_o baptism_n dispense_v by_o heretical_a minister_n we_o may_v wonder_v what_o he_o think_v of_o that_o which_o be_v administer_v by_o mere_a lay-unordained_n person_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o uncommon_a in_o those_o time_n for_o that_o layman_n provide_v they_o be_v christian_n and_o baptize_v themselves_o might_n and_o do_v baptize_v other_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n be_v so_o positive_o assert_v by_o tertullian_n citat_fw-la hierom_n and_o other_o that_o no_o man_n can_v doubt_v of_o it_o a_o custom_n ratify_v by_o the_o father_n of_o the_o illiberine_n council_n 38._o with_o this_o proviso_n that_o if_o the_o person_n so_o baptize_v live_v they_o shall_v receive_v confirmation_n from_o the_o bishop_n this_o without_o question_n arise_v from_o a_o opinion_n they_o have_v of_o the_o absolute_a and_o indispensable_a necessity_n of_o baptism_n without_o which_o they_o scarce_o think_v a_o man_n future_a condition_n can_v be_v safe_a and_o that_o therefore_o it_o be_v better_o it_o shall_v be_v have_v from_o any_o than_o to_o depart_v this_o life_n without_o it_o for_o except_v the_o case_n of_o martyr_n who_o they_o think_v sufficient_o qualify_v for_o heaven_n by_o be_v baptize_v in_o their_o own_o blood_n 61._o insist_v upon_o a_o twofold_a baptism_n one_o of_o water_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n another_o of_o blood_n in_o the_o time_n of_o persecution_n answerable_a to_o the_o water_n and_o blood_n that_o flow_v out_o of_o our_o saviour_n side_n except_v these_o they_o reckon_v no_o man_n can_v be_v save_v without_o be_v baptize_v and_o care_v not_o much_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n so_o they_o have_v it_o how_o they_o come_v by_o it_o as_o for_o that_o act_n of_o athanasius_n mention_v by_o the_o author_n of_o his_o life_n in_o photius_n 1429._o and_o more_o large_o relate_v by_o sozomen_n when_o a_o boy_n play_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o companion_n 467._o they_o form_v themselves_o into_o a_o kind_n of_o church-society_n athanasius_n be_v choose_v bishop_n and_o other_o personate_v the_o catechuman_n ready_a to_o be_v baptize_v and_o be_v according_o with_o all_o the_o usual_a formality_n baptize_v by_o athanasius_n this_o juvenile_a ceremony_n be_v end_v they_o be_v bring_v before_o alexander_n the_o then_o bishop_n of_o alexandria_n who_o have_v himself_o behold_v the_o whole_a scene_n who_o inquire_v into_o the_o reason_n and_o circumstance_n of_o the_o action_n and_o have_v consult_v with_o his_o clergy_n that_o be_v about_o he_o conclude_v that_o those_o child_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v rebaptise_v and_o therefore_o only_o add_v his_o confirmation_n to_o they_o but_o this_o be_v only_o a_o particular_a case_n and_o the_o like_v not_o mention_v that_o i_o remember_v by_o any_o writer_n of_o those_o time_n i_o only_o relate_v it_o as_o i_o find_v it_o but_o though_o this_o power_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n be_v allow_v to_o man_n who_o be_v capable_a of_o have_v the_o ministerial_a office_n confer_v upon_o they_o yet_o be_v it_o ever_o deny_v to_o woman_n who_o the_o apostle_n have_v so_o express_o forbid_v to_o exercise_v any_o ministry_n in_o the_o church_n of_o god_n and_o according_o censure_v in_o the_o apostolical_a constitution_n 41._o to_o be_v not_o only_o dangerous_a but_o unlawful_a and_o impious_a indeed_o in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o heretic_n woman_n even_o in_o those_o time_n take_v upon_o they_o to_o baptize_v 79._o but_o it_o be_v universal_o condemn_v and_o cry_v out_o against_o by_o the_o orthodox_n ritual_a and_o constant_o affix_v as_o a_o note_n of_o dishonour_n and_o reproach_n upon_o the_o heretical_a party_n of_o those_o time_n sacram._n as_o abundant_o appear_v from_o tertullian_n 9_o epiphanius_n and_o other_o who_o record_v the_o heretical_a doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o those_o first_o age_n of_o the_o church_n however_o afterward_o it_o creep_v in_o in_o some_o place_n and_o be_v allow_v and_o practise_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n at_o this_o day_n where_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n they_o give_v leave_v that_o it_o may_v be_v administer_v by_o any_o and_o in_o any_o language_n whether_o the_o person_n administer_a be_v a_o clergy_n or_o a_o layman_n yea_o though_o under_o excommunication_n whether_o he_o be_v a_o believer_n or_o a_o infidel_n a_o catholic_n or_o a_o heretic_n a_o man_n or_o a_o woman_n only_o take_v care_n that_o if_o it_o may_v be_v a_o priest_n be_v prefer_v before_o a_o deacon_n a_o deacon_n before_o a_o subdeacon_n a_o clergy_n man_n before_o a_o laic_a and_o a_o man_n before_o a_o woman_n together_o with_o some_o other_o case_n which_o be_v there_o wise_o provide_v for_o from_o the_o person_n minister_a we_o proceed_v to_o the_o person_n upon_o who_o it_o be_v confer_v and_o they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n infant_n and_o adult_a person_n how_o far_o the_o baptise_v of_o infant_n be_v include_v in_o our_o saviour_n institution_n be_v not_o my_o work_n to_o dispute_v but_o certain_o if_o in_o controvert_v case_n the_o constant_a practice_n of_o the_o church_n and_o those_o who_o immediate_o succeed_v the_o apostle_n be_v as_o no_o man_n can_v deny_v it_o be_v the_o best_a interpreter_n of_o the_o law_n of_o christ_n the_o dispute_n one_o will_v think_v shall_v be_v at_o a_o end_n for_o that_o it_o always_o be_v the_o custom_n to_o receive_v the_o child_n of_o christian_a parent_n into_o the_o church_n by_o baptism_n we_o have_v sufficient_a evidence_n from_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o most_o early_a writer_n seq_n irenaeus_n tertullian_n origen_n cyprian_n etc._n etc._n who_o testimony_n i_o do_v not_o produce_v because_o i_o find_v they_o collect_v by_o other_o seq_n and_o the_o argument_n thence_o so_o forcible_a and_o conclusive_a that_o the_o most_o zealous_a opposer_n of_o infant_n baptism_n know_v not_o how_o to_o evade_v it_o the_o testimony_n be_v so_o clear_a 2._o and_o not_o the_o least_o shadow_n that_o i_o know_v of_o in_o those_o time_n of_o any_o thing_n to_o make_v against_o it_o there_o be_v indeed_o in_o cyprian_n time_n a_o controversy_n about_o the_o baptise_v of_o infant_n not_o whether_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v baptize_v for_o of_o that_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o concern_v the_o time_n when_o it_o be_v to_o be_v administer_v whether_o on_o the_o second_o or_o three_o or_o whether_o as_o circumcision_n of_o old_a to_o be_v defer_v till_o the_o eight_o day_n for_o the_o determine_n of_o which_o cyprian_n sit_v in_o council_n with_o sixty_o six_o bishop_n write_v a_o synodical_a epistle_n to_o fidus_n 97._o to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o it_o be_v not_o
threefold_a apparition_n or_o manifestation_n commemorate_a upon_o that_o day_n which_o all_o happen_v though_o not_o in_o the_o same_o year_n yet_o upon_o the_o same_o day_n of_o the_o year_n the_o first_o be_v the_o appearance_n of_o the_o star_n which_o guide_v the_o wise_a man_n to_o christ_n the_o second_o be_v the_o famous_a appearance_n at_o the_o baptism_n of_o christ_n when_o all_o the_o person_n in_o the_o holy_a trinity_n do_v sensible_o manifest_v themselves_o the_o father_n in_o the_o voice_n from_o heaven_n the_o son_n in_o the_o river_n jordan_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n in_o the_o visible_a shape_n of_o a_o dove_n this_o be_v ever_o account_v a_o famous_a festival_n and_o as_o s._n chrysostom_n tell_v we_o 278._o be_v proper_o call_v epiphany_n because_o he_o come_v in_o a_o manner_n into_o the_o world_n incognito_o but_o at_o his_o baptism_n open_o appear_v to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o god_n and_o be_v so_o declare_v before_o the_o world_n at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v that_o by_o his_o go_v into_o the_o river_n jordan_n he_o do_v sanctify_v water_n to_o the_o mystical_a wash_n away_o of_o sin_n as_o our_o church_n express_v it_o in_o memory_n whereof_o ibid._n chrysostom_n tell_v we_o they_o use_v in_o this_o solemnity_n at_o midnight_n to_o draw_v water_n which_o they_o look_v upon_o as_o consecrate_a this_o day_n and_o carry_v it_o home_o to_o lay_v it_o up_o where_o it_o will_v remain_v pure_a and_o uncorrupt_a for_o a_o whole_a year_n sometime_o two_o or_o three_o year_n together_o the_o truth_n whereof_o must_v rest_v upon_o the_o credit_n of_o that_o good_a man_n the_o three_o manifestation_n commemorate_a at_o this_o time_n be_v that_o of_o christ_n divinity_n which_o appear_v in_o the_o first_o miracle_n that_o he_o wrought_v in_o turn_v water_n into_o wine_n therefore_o it_o be_v call_v bethphania_fw-la because_o it_o be_v do_v in_o the_o house_n at_o that_o famous_a marriage_n in_o cana_n of_o galilee_n which_o our_o saviour_n honour_v with_o his_o own_o presence_n all_o these_o three_o appearance_n contribute_v to_o the_o solemnity_n of_o this_o festival_n but_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o festival_n in_o the_o primitive_a church_n keep_v in_o commemoration_n of_o martyr_n for_o the_o understanding_n of_o which_o we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o in_o those_o sad_a and_o bloody_a time_n when_o the_o christian_a religion_n triumph_v over_o persecution_n and_o gain_v upon_o the_o world_n by_o nothing_o more_o than_o the_o constant_a and_o resolute_a suffering_n of_o its_o professor_n who_o no_o threaten_n or_o torment_n can_v baffle_v out_o of_o it_o the_o people_n general_o have_v a_o vast_a reverence_n for_o those_o who_o suffer_v thus_o deep_a in_o the_o cause_n of_o christianity_n and_o lay_v down_o their_o life_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o it_o they_o look_v upon_o confessor_n and_o martyr_n as_o the_o great_a champion_n of_o their_o religion_n who_o resist_v unto_o blood_n and_o die_v upon_o the_o spot_n to_o make_v good_a its_o ground_n and_o to_o maintain_v its_o honour_n and_o reputation_n and_o therefore_o think_v it_o very_o reasonable_a to_o do_v all_o possible_a honour_n to_o their_o memory_n partly_o that_o other_o may_v be_v encourage_v to_o the_o like_a patience_n and_o fortitude_n and_o partly_o that_o virtue_n even_o in_o this_o world_n may_v not_o lose_v its_o reward_n hence_o they_o be_v wont_n once_o a_o year_n to_o meet_v at_o the_o grave_n of_o martyr_n there_o solemn_o to_o recite_v their_o suffering_n and_o their_o triumph_n to_o praise_v their_o virtue_n and_o to_o bless_v god_n for_o their_o pious_a example_n for_o their_o holy_a life_n and_o their_o happy_a death_n for_o their_o palm_n and_o crown_n these_o anniversary_n solemnity_n be_v call_v memoriae_fw-la martyrum_fw-la the_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n a_o title_n mention_v by_o cyprian_a but_o certain_o much_o old_a than_o his_o time_n 51._o and_o indeed_o when_o they_o be_v first_o take_v up_o in_o the_o church_n be_v i_o think_v not_o so_o exact_o know_v the_o first_o that_o i_o remember_v to_o have_v meet_v with_o be_v that_o of_o polycarp_n who_o martyrdom_n be_v place_v by_o eusebius_n anno_fw-la 168._o 168._o under_o the_o three_o persecution_n concern_v who_o death_n and_o suffering_n the_o church_n of_o smyrna_n of_o which_o he_o be_v bishop_n give_v a_o account_n to_o the_o church_n of_o philomelium_n 135._o and_o especial_o of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o have_v honourable_o entomb_v his_o bone_n they_o do_v profess_v that_o so_o far_o as_o the_o malice_n of_o their_o enemy_n will_v permit_v they_o and_o they_o pray_v god_n nothing_o may_v hinder_v it_o they_o will_v assemble_v in_o that_o place_n and_o celebrate_v the_o birthday_n of_o his_o martyrdom_n with_o joy_n and_o gladness_n where_o we_o may_v especial_o observe_v that_o this_o solemnity_n be_v style_v his_o birthday_n and_o indeed_o so_o the_o primitive_a christian_n use_v to_o call_v the_o day_n of_o their_o death_n and_o passion_n quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o gentile_n who_o keep_v the_o natalitials_n of_o their_o famous_a man_n look_v upon_o these_o as_o the_o true_a day_n of_o their_o nativity_n wherein_o they_o be_v free_v from_o this_o valley_n of_o tear_n these_o region_n of_o death_n and_o bear_v again_o unto_o the_o joy_n and_o happiness_n of_o a_o endless_a life_n the_o same_o account_n origen_n give_v if_o that_o book_n be_v his_o a_o very_a ancient_a author_n however_o we_o keep_v say_v he_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o saint_n 2._o of_o our_o ancestor_n and_o friend_n that_o die_v in_o the_o faith_n both_o rejoice_v in_o that_o rest_n which_o they_o have_v obtain_v and_o beg_v for_o ourselves_o a_o pious_a consummation_n in_o the_o faith_n and_o we_o celebrate_v not_o the_o day_n of_o their_o nativity_n as_o be_v the_o inlet_n to_o sorrow_n and_o temptation_n but_o of_o their_o death_n as_o the_o period_n of_o their_o misery_n and_o that_o which_o set_v they_o beyond_o the_o reach_n of_o temptation_n and_o this_o we_o do_v both_o clergy_n and_o people_n meet_v together_o invite_v the_o poor_a and_o needy_a and_o refresh_v the_o widow_n and_o the_o orphan_n that_o so_o our_o festival_n may_v be_v both_o in_o respect_n of_o they_o who_o we_o commemorate_v the_o memorial_n of_o that_o happy_a rest_n which_o their_o depart_a soul_n do_v enjoy_v and_o in_o respect_n of_o we_o the_o odour_n of_o a_o sweet_a smell_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o god_n under_o constantine_n these_o day_n be_v command_v to_o be_v observe_v with_o great_a care_n and_o strictness_n 536._o enjoin_v all_o his_o lieutenant_n and_o governor_n of_o province_n to_o see_v the_o memorial_n of_o the_o martyr_n due_o honour_v and_o so_o sacred_a be_v they_o account_v in_o those_o day_n that_o it_o be_v think_v a_o piece_n of_o profaneness_n to_o be_v absent_a from_o they_o therefore_o s._n basil_n think_v he_o can_v not_o use_v a_o more_o solemn_a argument_n 328._o to_o persuade_v a_o certain_a bishop_n to_o come_v over_o to_o he_o upon_o this_o occasion_n than_o to_o adjure_v he_o by_o the_o respect_n he_o bear_v to_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n that_o if_o he_o will_v not_o do_v it_o for_o he_o yet_o he_o shall_v for_o their_o sake_n towards_o who_o it_o be_v unfit_a he_o shall_v show_v the_o least_o disregard_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o libanius_n sometime_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o christian_n under_o no_o other_o character_n than_o this_o 592._o enemy_n to_o the_o god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o haunt_v and_o frequent_a tomb_n and_o sepulcher_n for_o the_o time_n of_o these_o assembly_n it_o be_v common_o once_o a_o year_n viz._n upon_o the_o day_n of_o their_o martyrdom_n for_o which_o end_n they_o take_v particular_a care_n to_o keep_v register_n of_o the_o day_n of_o the_o martyr_n passion_n so_o cyprian_n express_o charge_v his_o clergy_n to_o note_v down_o the_o day_n of_o their_o decease_n annot_n that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o commemoration_n of_o they_o among_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n theodoret_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o his_o time_n they_o do_v not_o thus_o assemble_v once_o or_o twice_o 121._o or_o five_o time_n in_o a_o year_n but_o keep_v frequent_a memorial_n oftentimes_o every_o day_n celebrate_v the_o memorial_n of_o martyr_n with_o hymn_n and_o praise_n unto_o god_n but_o i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v it_o of_o day_n appoint_v to_o the_o memory_n of_o particular_a martyr_n which_o be_v then_o very_o numerous_a their_o memorial_n be_v distinct_o fix_v upon_o their_o proper_a day_n the_o festival_n of_o s._n peter_n or_o s._n paul_n thomas_n sergius_n marcellus_n etc._n etc._n as_o he_o there_o enumerate_v they_o for_o the_o place_n these_o solemnity_n be_v keep_v at_o first_o at_o the_o tomb_n where_o the_o martyr_n have_v be_v bury_v which_o usual_o be_v in_o the_o
elevation_n of_o their_o mind_n the_o lift_v up_o their_o thought_n from_o low_a sordid_a object_n to_o those_o spiritual_a and_o divine_a thing_n they_o be_v then_o conversant_a about_o but_o what_o ever_o they_o do_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o public_a service_n they_o constant_o stand_v up_o at_o the_o read_n of_o the_o gospel_n a_o custom_n general_o embrace_v in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o christian_a world_n 734._o therefore_o sozomen_n discourse_v of_o the_o various_a right_n observe_v in_o several_a church_n note_n it_o as_o a_o unusual_a thing_n in_o the_o bishop_n of_o alexandria_n that_o he_o do_v not_o rise_v up_o when_o the_o gospel_n be_v read_v a_o thing_n say_v he_o which_o i_o never_o see_v nor_o hear_v of_o in_o any_o other_o place_n 29._o and_o philostorgius_n tell_v we_o of_o theophilus_n the_o indian_a bishop_n that_o among_o several_a irregularity_n which_o he_o correct_v in_o those_o church_n he_o particular_o reform_v this_o that_o the_o people_n be_v wont_a to_o sit_v while_o the_o lesson_n out_o of_o the_o gospel_n be_v read_v to_o they_o nor_o do_v the_o great_a personage_n think_v themselves_o too_o high_a to_o express_v this_o piece_n of_o reverence_n in_o their_o attendance_n upon_o the_o king_n of_o king_n it_o be_v very_o memorable_a what_o we_o read_v concern_v the_o great_a constantine_n that_o when_o upon_o occasion_n eusebius_n be_v to_o make_v a_o panegyric_n concern_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o our_o saviour_n vit_fw-fr though_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o church_n 542._o but_o in_o the_o palace_n yet_o he_o refuse_v to_o sit_v all_o the_o time_n and_o when_o eusebius_n beseech_v he_o to_o sit_v down_o in_o his_o throne_n that_o be_v hard_o by_o he_o he_o will_v not_o but_o attentive_o hear_v judge_v and_o approve_v those_o thing_n that_o be_v speak_v and_o when_o after_o a_o good_a while_n the_o sermon_n have_v be_v prolix_a eusebius_n out_o of_o compliance_n will_v have_v break_v off_o and_o do_v he_o call_v to_o he_o to_o go_v on_o till_o he_o come_v to_o the_o full_a end_n of_o his_o discourse_n whereupon_o he_o be_v again_o solicit_v to_o sit_v down_o but_o refuse_v affirm_v it_o to_o be_v unfit_a to_o attend_v upon_o any_o discourse_n concern_v god_n and_o much_o more_o at_o this_o time_n with_o ease_n and_o softness_n and_o that_o it_o be_v very_o consonant_a to_o piety_n and_o religion_n that_o discourse_n about_o divine_a thing_n shall_v be_v hear_v stand_v so_o great_a a_o reverence_n have_v that_o excellent_a prince_n for_o the_o solemnity_n of_o divine_a worship_n in_o the_o discharge_n of_o these_o holy_a exercise_n as_o they_o carry_v themselves_o with_o all_o seriousness_n and_o gravity_n so_o they_o continue_v in_o they_o till_o they_o be_v complete_o finish_v there_o be_v then_o no_o such_o airiness_n and_o levity_n as_o now_o possess_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n no_o snatch_v at_o some_o piece_n of_o the_o worship_n tanquam_fw-la canis_fw-la ad_fw-la nilum_n and_o go_v again_o no_o rude_a disorderly_a depart_v the_o congregation_n till_o the_o whole_a worship_n and_o service_n of_o god_n be_v over_o and_o therefore_o when_o this_o warmth_n and_o vigour_n of_o the_o first_o age_n be_v a_o little_a abate_v the_o council_n of_o orleans_n think_v good_a to_o re-establish_a the_o primitive_a devotion_n by_o this_o canon_n 22._o that_o when_o the_o people_n come_v together_o for_o the_o celebration_n of_o divine_a service_n they_o shall_v not_o depart_v till_o the_o whole_a solemnity_n be_v over_o and_o the_o bishop_n or_o presbyter_n have_v give_v the_o blessing_n chap._n x._o of_o baptism_n and_o the_o administration_n of_o it_o in_o the_o primitive_a church_n four_o circumstance_n consider_v baptism_n by_o who_o administer_v by_o none_o usual_o without_o the_o leave_n of_o the_o bishop_n the_o great_a controversy_n about_o rebaptising_a those_o that_o have_v be_v baptize_v by_o heretic_n a_o account_n of_o it_o out_o of_o cyprian_a layman_n how_o suffer_v to_o baptize_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o baptism_n the_o case_n of_o athanasius_n his_o baptise_v when_o but_o a_o child_n woman_n never_o permit_v to_o baptize_v person_n to_o be_v baptize_v who_o infant_n sufficient_a evidence_n for_o infant-baptism_n in_o the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o the_o church_n some_o passage_n out_o of_o cyprian_a note_v the_o baptize_v mostwhat_a adult_n person_n the_o state_v time_n of_o baptism_n easter_n and_o whitsuntide_n and_o why_o especial_o upon_o easter_n eve_n and_o why_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n at_o any_o other_o time_n clinici_fw-la who_o clinic-baptism_n account_v less_o perfect_a why_o usual_a to_o defer_v baptism_n till_o a_o deathbed_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o note_v in_o constantine_n and_o other_o be_v baptize_v for_o the_o dead_a what_o probable_o the_o usual_a place_n of_o baptism_n in_o or_o near_o the_o church_n always_o before_o the_o congregation_n the_o baptisterium_fw-la or_o font_n where_o it_o stand_v and_o how_o large_a it_o be_v distinct_a apartment_n for_o man_n and_o woman_n a_o curiosity_n in_o many_o in_o those_o time_n of_o be_v baptize_v in_o jordan_n and_o why_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o administration_n the_o person_n baptize_v look_v towards_o the_o west_n and_o why_o their_o answer_v as_o to_o the_o profession_n of_o their_o faith_n their_o solemn_a abrenunciation_n make_v twice_o and_o the_o form_n of_o it_o surety_n in_o baptism_n person_n baptize_v exorcise_v what_o mean_v by_o it_o unction_n upon_o what_o account_n use_v several_a reason_n of_o it_o assign_v by_o the_o father_n the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n make_v in_o baptism_n evident_a out_o of_o the_o ancient_a father_n of_o immersion_n or_o put_v the_o person_n under_o water_n what_o it_o shadow_v out_o general_o in_o use_n in_o those_o country_n not_o absolute_o necessary_a in_o other_o trine_n immersion_n different_a reason_n of_o it_o assign_v by_o the_o father_n it_o obtain_v not_o in_o spain_n and_o why_o a_o second_o unction_n person_n after_o baptism_n clothe_v in_o white_a garment_n and_o why_o these_o keep_v in_o the_o church_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o their_o solemn_a engagement_n a_o memorable_a instance_n out_o of_o victor_n uticensis_n a_o brief_a account_n of_o confirmation_n the_o neglect_n of_o it_o bewail_v our_o lord_n have_v institute_v baptism_n and_o the_o lord_n supper_n as_o the_o two_o great_a sacrament_n of_o the_o christian_a law_n they_o have_v according_o be_v ever_o account_v principal_a part_n of_o public_a worship_n in_o the_o christian_a church_n we_o shall_v treat_v first_o of_o baptism_n as_o be_v the_o door_n by_o which_o person_n enter_v in_o the_o great_a and_o solemn_a rite_n of_o our_o initiation_n into_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n concern_v which_o four_o circumstance_n be_v chief_o to_o be_v inquire_v into_o the_o person_n by_o and_o upon_o who_o the_o time_n when_o the_o place_n where_o the_o manner_n how_o this_o sacrament_n be_v administer_v in_o the_o ancient_a church_n for_o the_o person_n by_o who_o this_o sacrament_n be_v administer_v they_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o the_o gospel_n the_o steward_n of_o the_o mystery_n of_o christ_n baptise_v and_o preach_v the_o gospel_n be_v join_v together_o by_o our_o saviour_n in_o the_o same_o commission_n usual_o it_o be_v do_v by_o the_o bishop_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o j._n martyr_n the_o antistes_fw-la in_o tertullian_n the_o precedent_n or_o chief_a minister_n of_o the_o congregation_n the_o summus_fw-la sacerdos_fw-la qui_fw-la est_fw-la episcopus_fw-la as_o he_o call_v he_o without_o who_o leave_n and_o authority_n neither_o presbyter_n nor_o deacon_n may_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o baptize_v 6._o as_o not_o only_a ignatius_n but_o tertullian_n express_o tell_v we_o and_o if_o they_o do_v 230._o it_o be_v only_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n as_o be_v affirm_v by_o a_o ancient_a author_n who_o live_v in_o or_o near_o the_o time_n of_o cyprian_a 138._o the_o same_o s._n hierom_n assure_v we_o be_v the_o custom_n in_o his_o time_n though_o otherwhiles_o we_o find_v the_o bishop_n to_o begin_v the_o action_n 139._o and_o the_o presbyter_n to_o carry_v it_o on_o and_o finish_v it_o 1._o but_o as_o christianity_n increase_v this_o become_v a_o more_o familiar_a part_n of_o the_o presbyter_n and_o the_o deacon_n office_n and_o doubtless_o have_v be_v more_o or_o less_o execute_v by_o they_o from_o the_o beginning_n though_o out_o of_o reverence_n to_o the_o bishop_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o church_n as_o tertullian_n give_v the_o reason_n they_o do_v it_o not_o without_o his_o leave_n and_o deputation_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o philip_n baptize_v the_o eunuch_n who_o yet_o be_v of_o no_o high_a order_n than_o that_o of_o deacon_n nor_o be_v it_o account_v enough_o by_o some_o in_o those_o time_n that_o baptism_n be_v confer_v by_o a_o person_n call_v to_o the_o ministry_n unless_o he_o be_v
though_o he_o recover_v afterward_o to_o this_o custom_n of_o clinic_n baptism_n some_o not_o improbable_o think_v the_o apostle_n have_v reference_n in_o that_o famous_a place_n 18._o where_o he_o speak_v of_o those_o that_o be_v baptize_v for_o the_o dead_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o they_o expound_v with_o reference_n to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o dead_a and_o that_o it_o be_v mean_v of_o such_o who_o in_o danger_n of_o death_n will_v be_v baptize_v matth._n that_o it_o may_v fare_v well_o with_o they_o after_o death_n this_o epiphanius_n think_v the_o true_a interpretation_n 41._o that_o it_o be_v mean_v of_o catechuman_n who_o be_v sudden_o surprise_v with_o death_n will_v be_v baptize_v that_o so_o their_o sin_n be_v remit_v in_o baptism_n they_o may_v go_v hence_o under_o the_o hope_n of_o that_o eternal_a life_n which_o await_v good_a man_n after_o death_n and_o testify_v their_o belief_n and_o expectation_n of_o their_o future_a happy_a resurrection_n other_o think_v it_o may_v refer_v to_o the_o place_n of_o baptism_n those_o who_o be_v baptize_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d over_o the_o grave_n or_o sepulcher_n of_o the_o dead_a it_o be_v a_o ancient_a and_o general_a custom_n to_o have_v their_o religious_a meeting_n and_o to_o perform_v their_o public_a exercise_n at_o the_o tomb_n of_o martyr_n peristeph_n there_o be_v numerous_a instance_n in_o the_o act_n of_o the_o martyr_n of_o such_o as_o be_v baptize_v in_o the_o coemeteria_fw-la 110._o over_o the_o monument_n of_o the_o dead_a which_o soever_o of_o these_o be_v most_o suitable_a yet_o certain_o either_o of_o they_o be_v far_o more_o probable_a than_o that_o which_o many_o talk_n so_o much_o of_o 54._o as_o if_o the_o apostle_n mean_v it_o of_o a_o custom_n common_a in_o those_o primitive_a time_n among_o the_o cerinthian_o and_o other_o heretic_n where_o when_o any_o die_v without_o baptism_n they_o use_v to_o place_v another_o under_o his_o bed_n who_o be_v baptize_v for_o he_o in_o his_o stead_n whence_o tertullian_n call_v it_o a_o vicarious_a baptism_n 48._o it_o be_v high_o improbable_a that_o the_o great_a apostle_n will_v fetch_v a_o argument_n to_o confirm_v so_o solemn_a and_o fundamental_a a_o principle_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n as_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o resurrection_n be_v from_o such_o a_o absurd_a and_o ridiculous_a rite_n use_v only_o by_o the_o worst_a of_o heretic_n but_o this_o only_a by_o the_o way_n for_o the_o place_n where_o this_o solemn_a action_n be_v perform_v it_o be_v at_o first_o unlimited_a any_o place_n where_o there_o be_v water_n as_o justin_n martyr_n tell_v we_o in_o pond_n or_o lake_n at_o spring_n 93._o or_o river_n as_o tertullian_n speak_v 4._o but_o always_o as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v to_o the_o place_n of_o their_o public_a assembly_n for_o it_o be_v seldom_o do_v without_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o congregation_n and_o that_o for_o very_o good_a reason_n both_o as_o it_o be_v a_o principal_a act_n of_o religious_a worship_n and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o initiate_a of_o person_n into_o the_o church_n which_o therefore_o ought_v to_o be_v as_o public_a as_o it_o can_v that_o so_o the_o whole_a congregation_n may_v be_v spectator_n and_o witness_n of_o that_o profession_n and_o engagement_n which_o the_o person_n baptize_v then_o take_v upon_o he_o and_o this_o they_o so_o zealous_o keep_v to_o that_o the_o trullan_n council_n allow_v not_o baptism_n to_o be_v administer_v in_o a_o private_a chapel_n 59_o but_o only_o in_o the_o public_a church_n punish_v the_o person_n offend_v if_o clergy_n with_o deposition_n if_o laity_n with_o excommunication_n which_o yet_o as_o both_o zonaras_n and_o balsamon_n expound_v the_o canon_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v unless_o it_o be_v do_v with_o the_o leave_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n for_o this_o reason_n they_o have_v afterward_o their_o baptisteria_n or_o as_o we_o call_v they_o font_n build_v at_o first_o near_o the_o church_n then_o in_o the_o church-porch_n to_o represent_v baptism_n be_v the_o entrance_n into_o the_o mystical_a church_n afterward_o they_o be_v place_v in_o the_o church_n itself_o they_o be_v usual_o very_o large_a and_o capacious_a not_o only_o that_o they_o may_v comport_v with_o the_o general_a custom_n of_o those_o time_n of_o person_n baptize_v be_v immerse_v or_o put_v under_o water_n but_o because_o the_o state_v time_n of_o baptism_n return_v so_o seldom_o great_a multitude_n be_v usual_o baptize_v at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o font_n there_o be_v a_o partition_n the_o one_o part_n for_o man_n the_o other_o for_o woman_n that_o to_o avoid_v offence_n and_o scandal_n they_o may_v be_v baptize_v asunder_o here_o it_o be_v that_o this_o great_a rite_n be_v common_o perform_v though_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n they_o dispense_v with_o private_a baptism_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o those_o that_o be_v sick_a or_o shut_v up_o in_o prison_n of_o which_o there_o be_v frequent_a instance_n in_o time_n of_o persecution_n many_o there_o be_v in_o those_o day_n such_o especial_o as_o live_v in_o the_o part_n near_o to_o it_o who_o nothing_o will_v serve_v unless_o they_o may_v be_v baptize_v in_o jordan_n out_o of_o a_o reverence_n to_o that_o place_n where_o our_o saviour_n himself_o have_v be_v baptize_v vit_fw-fr this_o constantine_n tell_v we_o he_o have_v a_o long_a time_n resolve_v upon_o 62._o to_o be_v baptize_v in_o jordan_n though_o god_n cut_v he_o short_a of_o his_o desire_n 59_o and_o eusebius_n elsewhere_o relate_v that_o at_o bethabara_n beyond_o jordan_n where_o john_n baptize_v there_o be_v a_o place_n whither_o very_o many_o even_o in_o his_o time_n use_v to_o resort_v earnest_o desire_v to_o obtain_v their_o baptism_n in_o that_o place_n this_o doubtless_o proceed_v from_o a_o very_a devout_a and_o pious_a mind_n though_o otherwise_o one_o place_n can_v contribute_v nothing_o more_o than_o another_o nothing_o be_v true_o than_o what_o tertullian_n have_v observe_v in_o this_o case_n 225._o that_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n whether_o we_o be_v haptize_v among_o those_o who_o john_n baptize_v in_o jordan_n or_o who_o peter_n baptize_v in_o tiber_n the_o last_o circumstance_n i_o propound_v concern_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o celebration_n of_o this_o sacrament_n and_o for_o this_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o in_o the_o apostle_n age_n baptism_n be_v administer_v with_o great_a nakedness_n and_o simplicity_n probable_o without_o any_o more_o formality_n than_o a_o short_a prayer_n and_o repeat_v the_o word_n of_o institution_n and_o indeed_o it_o can_v not_o well_o be_v otherwise_o consider_v the_o vast_a number_n that_o many_o time_n be_v then_o baptize_v at_o once_o but_o after-age_n add_v many_o rite_n differ_v very_o often_o according_a to_o time_n and_o place_n i_o shall_v not_o undertake_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o all_o but_o only_o of_o the_o most_o remarkable_a and_o such_o as_o do_v general_o obtain_v in_o those_o time_n keep_v as_o near_o as_o i_o can_v to_o the_o order_n which_o they_o observe_v in_o the_o administration_n which_o usual_o be_v thus_o person_n have_v pass_v through_o the_o state_n of_o the_o catechuman_n and_o be_v now_o ripe_a for_o baptism_n make_v it_o their_o request_n to_o the_o bishop_n that_o they_o may_v be_v baptize_v whereupon_o at_o the_o solemn_a time_n they_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o baptistery_n or_o font_n dion_n and_o stand_v with_o their_o face_n towards_o the_o west_n which_o be_v direct_o opposite_a to_o the_o east_n the_o place_n of_o light_n 253._o do_v symbolical_o represent_v the_o prince_n of_o darkness_n who_o they_o be_v to_o renounce_v and_o defy_v be_v command_v to_o stretch_v out_o their_o hand_n as_o it_o be_v in_o defiance_n of_o he_o in_o this_o posture_n they_o be_v interrogated_a by_o the_o bishop_n concern_v their_o break_n of_o all_o their_o former_a league_n and_o commerce_n with_o sin_n and_o the_o power_n of_o hell_n 429._o the_o bishop_n ask_v do_v thou_o renounce_v the_o devil_n and_o all_o his_o work_n power_n and_o service_n to_o which_o the_o party_n answer_v i_o do_v renounce_v they_o do_v thou_o renounce_v the_o world_n and_o all_o its_o pomp_n and_o pleasure_n answer_v i_o do_v renounce_v they_o this_o renunciation_n be_v make_v twice_o once_o before_o the_o congregation_n probable_o at_o their_o obtain_n leave_v to_o be_v baptize_v and_o present_o after_o at_o the_o font_n or_o place_n of_o baptism_n 79._o as_o tertullian_n witness_n next_o they_o make_v a_o open_a confession_n of_o their_o faith_n the_o bishop_n ask_a do_v thou_o believe_v in_o god_n the_o father_n almighty_a 993._o etc._n etc._n in_o jesus_n christ_n his_o only_a son_n who_o etc._n etc._n do_v thou_o believe_v in_o the_o holy_a ghost_n the_o holy_a catholic_n church_n and_o in_o one_o baptism_n of_o
repentance_n for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n and_o life_n everlasting_a to_o all_o which_o the_o person_n answer_v i_o do_v believe_v this_o form_n of_o interrogation_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v very_o ancient_a in_o the_o church_n and_o the_o apostle_n be_v just_o think_v to_o refer_v to_o it_o when_o he_o style_v baptism_n the_o answer_n of_o a_o good_a conscience_n towards_o god_n which_o can_v reasonable_o refer_v to_o nothing_o so_o well_o as_o that_o common_a custom_n of_o answer_v in_o baptism_n these_o answer_n and_o action_n in_o the_o adult_n be_v do_v by_o the_o person_n themselves_o in_o child_n by_o their_o sponsores_fw-la 231._o as_o tertullian_n call_v they_o their_o surety_n and_o undertaker_n for_o that_o both_o infant_n and_o adult_a person_n have_v those_o that_o undertake_v for_o they_o at_o their_o baptism_n be_v so_o notorious_o know_v that_o it_o be_v impertinent_a to_o insist_v upon_o it_o after_o this_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o exorcism_n and_o a_o insufflation_n or_o breathe_n in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o person_n baptize_v which_o s._n austin_n call_v a_o most_o ancient_a tradition_n of_o the_o church_n by_o which_o they_o signify_v the_o expelling_a of_o the_o evil_a spirit_n 856._o and_o the_o breathe_n in_o the_o good_a spirit_n of_o god_n not_o that_o they_o think_v that_o every_o one_o before_o baptism_n be_v possess_v by_o the_o devil_n but_o only_o that_o we_o be_v by_o nature_n child_n of_o wrath_n enemy_n to_o god_n and_o slave_n to_o satan_n nor_o do_v they_o lie_v any_o stress_n upon_o the_o bare_a usage_n of_o those_o symbolic_a rite_n but_o whole_o upon_o the_o church_n prayer_n which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v make_v that_o god_n will_v deliver_v those_o person_n from_o the_o power_n of_o satan_n and_o by_o his_o spirit_n unite_v they_o to_o the_o church_n this_o be_v do_v they_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o font_n and_o be_v first_o strip_v of_o their_o garment_n intimate_v thereby_o their_o put_v off_o the_o old_a man_n which_o be_v corrupt_a with_o his_o deceitful_a lust_n and_o that_o all_o occasion_n of_o scandal_n and_o immodesty_n may_v be_v prevent_v in_o so_o sacred_a a_o action_n the_o man_n and_o woman_n as_o i_o observe_v before_o be_v baptize_v in_o their_o distinct_a apartment_n 899_o the_o woman_n have_v deaconess_n to_o attend_v they_o epiphan_n to_o undress_v and_o dress_v they_o 379._o to_o stand_v about_o and_o overshadow_v they_o that_o nothing_o of_o indecency_n may_v appear_v then_o follow_v the_o unction_n 518._o a_o ceremony_n of_o early_a date_n by_o which_o say_v s._n cyril_n they_o signify_v that_o they_o be_v now_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o wild_a olive_n and_o be_v ingraff_v into_o christ_n the_o true_a olive-tree_n dion_n and_o make_v partaker_n of_o his_o fruit_n and_o benefit_n or_o else_o to_o show_v that_o now_o they_o be_v become_v champion_n for_o christ_n and_o have_v enter_v upon_o a_o state_n of_o conflict_n 279._o wherein_o they_o must_v strive_v and_o contend_v with_o all_o the_o snare_n and_o allurement_n of_o the_o world_n as_o the_o athletae_fw-la of_o old_a be_v anoint_v against_o their_o solemn_a game_n that_o they_o may_v be_v more_o expedite_a and_o that_o their_o antagonist_n may_v take_v less_o hold_n upon_o they_o or_o rather_o probable_o to_o denote_v their_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o great_a privilege_n of_o christianity_n a_o choose_a generation_n royal_a priesthood_n a_o noly_a nation_n as_o the_o apostle_n style_v christian_n office_n of_o which_o anoint_v be_v a_o ancient_a symbol_n both_o of_o be_v design_v to_o they_o and_o invest_v in_o they_o and_o this_o account_n tertullian_n favour_n 226._o where_o speak_v of_o this_o unction_n in_o baptism_n he_o tell_v we_o it_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o ancient_a i._n e._n jewish_n discipline_n where_o the_o priest_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v anoint_v for_o the_o priesthood_n for_o some_o such_o purpose_n they_o think_v it_o fit_a that_o a_o christian_n who_o carry_v unction_n in_o his_o very_a name_n shall_v be_v anoint_v as_o a_o spiritual_a king_n and_o priest_n and_o that_o no_o time_n be_v more_o proper_a for_o it_o than_o at_o his_o baptism_n when_o the_o name_n of_o christian_a be_v confer_v upon_o he_o spirit_n together_o with_o this_o we_o may_v suppose_v it_o be_v 351._o that_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o forehead_n of_o the_o party_n baptize_v 226._o when_o this_o ceremony_n first_o begin_v to_o be_v use_v in_o baptism_n i_o find_v not_o s._n basil_n reckon_v it_o and_o he_o put_v it_o too_o in_o the_o first_o place_n among_o those_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o church_n that_o have_v be_v derive_v from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o apostle_n adv_o that_o it_o be_v general_o in_o use_n in_o the_o time_n of_o tertullian_n and_o cyprian_n etc._n we_o have_v sufficient_a evidence_n from_o their_o write_n and_o indeed_o can_v reasonable_o suppose_v they_o shall_v omit_v it_o in_o this_o solemn_a action_n where_o it_o be_v so_o proper_a when_o they_o use_v it_o in_o the_o common_a action_n of_o their_o life_n tertullian_n express_o assure_v we_o coron_n that_o upon_o every_o motion_n vid._n at_o their_o go_v out_o and_o come_n in_o 81._o at_o their_o go_v to_o bath_n or_o to_o bed_n or_o to_o meal_n or_o whatever_o their_o employment_n or_o occasion_n call_v they_o to_o they_o be_v wont_n frontem_fw-la signaculo_fw-la terere_fw-la to_o make_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n upon_o their_o forehead_n and_o this_o they_o do_v as_o he_o there_o tell_v we_o not_o that_o it_o be_v impose_v upon_o they_o by_o any_o law_n of_o christ_n but_o bring_v in_o by_o a_o pious_a custom_n as_o that_o which_o do_v very_o much_o tend_v to_o strengthen_v and_o increase_v their_o faith_n by_o this_o they_o show_v that_o they_o be_v not_o ashamed_a of_o the_o cross_n of_o christ_n nor_o unwilling_a to_o engage_v in_o the_o service_n of_o a_o crucify_a master_n which_o yet_o be_v so_o great_a a_o scandal_n to_o the_o heathen-world_n and_o therefore_o so_o often_o triumph_v in_o this_o symbol_n and_o representation_n of_o it_o 24._o thus_o s._n hierom_n though_o he_o live_v in_o a_o time_n when_o christianity_n have_v almost_o quite_o prevail_v over_o all_o other_o religion_n in_o the_o world_n yet_o count_v this_o the_o great_a matter_n of_o his_o glory_n that_o i_o be_o say_v he_o a_o christian_a that_o i_o be_v bear_v of_o christian_a parent_n and_o do_v carry_v in_o my_o forehead_n the_o banner_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o indeed_o so_o great_a a_o respect_n do_v they_o bear_v to_o this_o representation_n of_o our_o saviour_n death_n that_o though_o they_o do_v not_o worship_v the_o cross_n yet_o they_o take_v care_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v put_v to_o any_o mean_a and_o trivial_a use_n be_v paint_v or_o make_v upon_o the_o ground_n or_o engrave_v upon_o marble_n pavement_n or_o any_o thing_n where_o it_o may_v be_v trample_v upon_o as_o be_v express_o provide_v by_o a_o law_n of_o theodosius_n and_o valentinian_n unic_n the_o action_n have_v proceed_v thus_o far_o the_o party_n to_o be_v baptize_v be_v whole_o immerge_v or_o put_v under_o water_n which_o be_v the_o almost_o constant_a and_o universal_a custom_n of_o those_o time_n whereby_o they_o do_v more_o notable_o and_o significant_o express_v the_o three_o great_a end_n and_o effect_n of_o baptism_n for_o as_o in_o immersion_n there_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n three_o several_a act_n the_o put_v the_o person_n into_o water_n his_o abide_n there_o for_o a_o little_a time_n and_o his_o rise_n up_o again_o so_o by_o these_o be_v represent_v christ_n death_n burial_n and_o resurrection_n and_o in_o conformity_n thereunto_o our_o die_a unto_o sin_n the_o destruction_n of_o its_o power_n and_o our_o resurrection_n to_o a_o new_a course_n of_o life_n by_o the_o person_n be_v put_v into_o water_n be_v lively_o represent_v the_o put_n off_o the_o body_n of_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o flesh_n and_o be_v wash_v from_o the_o filth_n and_o pollution_n of_o they_o by_o his_o abode_n under_o it_o which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o burial_n in_o the_o water_n his_o enter_v into_o a_o state_n of_o death_n or_o mortification_n like_v as_o christ_n remain_v for_o some_o time_n under_o the_o state_n or_o power_n of_o death_n therefore_o as_o many_o as_o be_v baptize_v into_o christ_n be_v say_v to_o be_v baptize_v into_o his_o death_n and_o to_o be_v bury_v with_o he_o by_o baptism_n into_o death_n that_o the_o old_a man_n be_v crucify_v with_o he_o the_o body_n of_o sin_n may_v be_v destroy_v that_o henceforth_o he_o may_v not_o serve_v sin_n for_o that_o he_o that_o be_v dead_a be_v free_v from_o sin_n as_o the_o apostle_n clear_o explain_v the_o meaning_n of_o this_o rite_n and_o then_o by_o his_o emersion_n or_o rise_v up_o out_o of_o the_o water_n be_v
signify_v his_o enter_v upon_o a_o new_a course_n of_o life_n differ_v from_o that_o which_o he_o live_v before_o that_o like_a as_o christ_n be_v raise_v up_o from_o the_o dead_a by_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o father_n even_o so_o we_o also_o shall_v walk_v in_o newness_n of_o life_n but_o though_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o more_o eminent_a significancy_n of_o these_o thing_n immersion_n be_v the_o common_a practice_n in_o those_o day_n and_o therefore_o they_o earnest_o urge_v it_o and_o plead_v for_o it_o yet_o do_v they_o not_o hold_v sprinkle_v to_o be_v unlawful_a especial_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n as_o of_o weakness_n danger_n of_o death_n or_o where_o conveniency_n of_o immerge_v can_v not_o be_v have_v in_o these_o and_o such_o like_a case_n cyprian_a do_v not_o only_o allow_v 153._o but_o plead_v for_o it_o and_o that_o in_o a_o discourse_n on_o purpose_n when_o the_o question_n concern_v it_o be_v put_v to_o he_o upon_o this_o account_n it_o be_v that_o immersion_n be_v now_o general_o disuse_v in_o these_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o sprinkle_v succeed_v in_o its_o room_n because_o the_o tender_a body_n of_o most_o infant_n the_o only_a person_n now_o baptize_v can_v not_o be_v put_v under_o water_n in_o these_o cold_a northern_a climate_n without_o apparent_a prejudice_n to_o their_o health_n if_o not_o their_o life_n and_o therefore_o in_o this_o as_o in_o other_o case_n god_n require_v mercy_n rather_o than_o sacrifice_v especial_o consider_v that_o the_o main_a end_n of_o baptism_n be_v attain_v this_o way_n and_o the_o mystical_a effect_n of_o it_o as_o true_o though_o not_o so_o plain_o and_o significant_o represent_v by_o sprinkle_v as_o by_o put_v the_o body_n under_o water_n this_o immersion_n be_v perform_v thrice_o the_o person_n baptize_v be_v three_o several_a time_n put_v under_o water_n 673._o a_o custom_n which_o basil_n and_o sozomon_n will_v have_v derive_v from_o the_o apostle_n 460._o it_o be_v certain_a that_o it_o be_v very_o early_o in_o the_o church_n be_v twice_o mention_v by_o tertullian_n as_o the_o common_a practice_n eccles_n by_o this_o trine_n immersion_n they_o signify_v say_v some_o their_o distinct_a adore_v the_o three_o person_n in_o the_o bless_a trinity_n 254._o and_o therefore_o the_o custom_n be_v 424._o in_o repeat_v the_o word_n of_o institution_n at_o the_o name_n of_o every_o person_n the_o father_n the_o son_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n to_o plunge_v the_o party_n under_o water_n sap_n as_o tertullian_n tell_v we_o 93._o and_o s._n ambrose_n more_o express_o it_o be_v do_v say_v other_o to_o represent_v the_o death_n 518._o burial_n and_o resurrection_n of_o our_o saviour_n 530._o together_o with_o his_o three_o day_n continuance_n in_o the_o grave_a s._n augustine_n join_v both_o these_o together_o as_o the_o double_a mystery_n of_o this_o ancient_a rite_n as_o he_o be_v cite_v by_o gratian_n to_o this_o purpose_n 78._o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o ceremony_n be_v very_o significant_a and_o expressive_a and_o according_o the_o ancient_n lay_v great_a weight_n upon_o it_o 50._o insomuch_o that_o the_o canon_n that_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o apostolical_a command_v he_o whether_o bishop_n or_o presbyter_n that_o baptise_n any_o without_o the_o trine_n immersion_n to_o be_v depose_v from_o his_o ministry_n but_o though_o this_o custom_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n universal_a yet_o in_o some_o place_n in_o after_o time_n especial_o it_o be_v otherwise_o particular_o in_o spain_n where_o they_o use_v it_o but_o once_o lest_o they_o shall_v gratify_v the_o arrian_n who_o make_v use_v of_o the_o trine_n immersion_n to_o denote_v the_o person_n in_o the_o trinity_n to_o be_v three_o distinct_a substance_n and_o glory_v that_o the_o catholic_n do_v and_o hold_v the_o same_o with_o they_o upon_o this_o account_n they_o be_v content_a to_o immerge_n but_o once_o and_o when_o difference_n and_o controversy_n do_v still_o remain_v about_o it_o the_o four_o council_n of_o toledo_n out_o of_o a_o letter_n of_o gregory_n the_o great_a thus_o determine_v the_o case_n 5._o that_o they_o shall_v still_o use_v their_o single_a immersion_n and_o that_o this_o will_v sufficient_o express_v the_o mystery_n of_o baptism_n the_o dive_v under_o water_n will_v denote_v christ_n death_n and_o descend_v into_o hell_n the_o come_n out_o his_o resurrection_n the_o single_a immersion_n will_v express_v the_o unity_n of_o the_o godhead_n while_o the_o trinity_n of_o person_n will_v be_v sufficient_o denote_v by_o the_o person_n be_v baptize_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n the_o son_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n the_o person_n baptize_v be_v come_v out_o of_o the_o water_n be_v anoint_v a_o second_o time_n as_o s._n cyril_n tell_v we_o and_o indeed_o whatever_o become_v of_o the_o unction_n that_o be_v before_o 2â—6_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o that_o which_o tertullian_n speak_v of_o as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o ancient_a discipline_n â—33_n be_v after_o the_o person_n be_v baptize_v which_o be_v do_v phot._n he_o have_v a_o white_a garment_n put_v upon_o he_o to_o denote_v his_o have_v put_v off_o the_o lust_n of_o the_o flesh_n 597._o his_o be_v wash_v from_o the_o filth_n and_o defilement_n of_o his_o former_a sin_n 425._o and_o his_o resolution_n to_o maintain_v a_o life_n of_o unspotted_a innocence_n and_o purity_n according_a to_o that_o solemn_a and_o strict_a engagement_n which_o in_o baptism_n he_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o in_o this_o they_o allude_v to_o that_o of_o the_o apostle_n that_o as_o many_o as_o be_v baptize_v into_o christ_n have_v put_v on_o christ_n i._n e._n have_v engage_v in_o that_o strict_a and_o holy_a course_n of_o life_n which_o he_o both_o by_o his_o doctrine_n and_o example_n have_v leave_v to_o the_o world_n according_o person_n baptize_v be_v both_o by_o the_o apostle_n and_o by_o the_o greek_a father_n frequent_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o enlighten_v because_o they_o now_o profess_v that_o they_o be_v become_v the_o child_n of_o the_o light_n and_o of_o the_o day_n and_o will_v not_o return_v to_o work_n of_o darkness_n any_o more_o and_o this_o as_o they_o expect_v mercy_n from_o christ_n at_o the_o great_a day_n therefore_o the_o white_a garment_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v deliver_v to_o they_o with_o such_o a_o charge_n as_o this_o 357._o receive_v the_o white_a and_o immaculate_a garment_n and_o bring_v it_o forth_o without_o spot_n before_o the_o tribunal_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n that_o thou_o may_v have_v eternal_a life_n amen_n from_o the_o wear_n of_o these_o white_a vestment_n as_o we_o have_v observe_v before_o pentecost_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o two_o annual_a time_n for_o baptism_n come_v to_o be_v call_v whitesunday_n as_o also_o the_o sunday_n after_o easter_n which_o be_v the_o other_o time_n dominica_n in_o albis_n because_o than_o they_o lay_v this_o white_a robe_n aside_o for_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n for_o person_n baptize_v to_o wear_v this_o garment_n for_o a_o whole_a week_n after_o they_o be_v baptize_v and_o then_o to_o put_v it_o off_o and_o lay_v it_o up_o in_o the_o church_n that_o it_o may_v be_v keep_v as_o a_o evidence_n against_o they_o if_o they_o violate_v or_o deny_v that_o faith_n which_o they_o have_v own_v in_o baptism_n whereof_o we_o have_v a_o memorable_a instance_n under_o the_o arrian_n persecution_n in_o africa_n victor_n elpidophorus_fw-la a_o citizen_n of_o carthage_n have_v live_v a_o long_a time_n in_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n persecut_fw-la but_o apostatise_v afterward_o to_o the_o arrian_n 43._o become_v a_o most_o bitter_a and_o implacable_a persecutor_n of_o the_o orthodox_n party_n among_o other_o who_o he_o summon_v to_o be_v put_v to_o the_o rack_n be_v one_o mirita_n a_o venerable_a old_a deacon_n who_o have_v be_v the_o undertaker_n for_o he_o at_o his_o baptism_n who_o be_v ready_a to_o be_v put_v upon_o the_o rack_n pluck_v out_o the_o white_a vestment_n wherewith_o elpidophorus_fw-la have_v be_v clothe_v at_o his_o baptism_n and_o with_o tear_n in_o his_o eye_n thus_o open_o bespeak_v he_o before_o all_o the_o people_n these_o elpidophorus_fw-la thou_o minister_v of_o error_n these_o be_v the_o garment_n that_o shall_v accuse_v thou_o when_o thou_o shall_v appear_v before_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o great_a judge_n these_o i_o will_v diligent_o keep_v as_o a_o testimony_n of_o that_o ruin_n that_o shall_v depress_v thou_o down_o into_o the_o lake_n the_o burn_v with_o fire_n and_o brimstone_n these_o be_v they_o that_o be_v gird_v upon_o thou_o when_o thou_o come_v pure_a out_o of_o the_o holy_a font_n and_o these_o be_v they_o that_o shall_v bitter_o pursue_v thou_o when_o thou_o shall_v be_v cast_v into_o the_o place_n of_o flame_n because_o thou_o have_v clothe_v thyself_o with_o curse_v as_o with_o a_o garment_n and_o have_v cast_v
endeavour_n to_o find_v out_o many_o mystical_a signification_n intend_v by_o it_o and_o seem_v to_o intimate_v as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v peculiar_o warn_v of_o god_n to_o observe_v it_o according_a to_o that_o manner_n 105._o a_o argument_n which_o that_o good_a man_n often_o produce_v as_o his_o warrant_n to_o knock_v down_o a_o controversy_n when_o other_o argument_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o do_v it_o but_o although_o it_o shall_v be_v grant_v that_o our_o saviour_n do_v so_o use_v it_o in_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o supper_n the_o wine_n of_o those_o eastern_a country_n be_v very_o strong_a and_o generous_a and_o that_o our_o saviour_n as_o all_o sober_a and_o temperate_a person_n may_v probable_o abate_v its_o strength_n with_o water_n of_o which_o nevertheless_o the_o history_n of_o the_o gospel_n be_v whole_o silent_a yet_o this_o be_v a_o thing_n in_o itself_o indifferent_a and_o accidental_a and_o no_o way_n necessary_a to_o the_o sacrament_n can_v not_o be_v obligatory_a to_o the_o church_n but_o may_v either_o be_v do_v or_o let_v alone_o the_o posture_n wherein_o they_o receive_v it_o be_v not_o always_o the_o same_o the_o apostle_n at_o the_o institution_n of_o it_o by_o our_o saviour_n receive_v it_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o jew_n at_o meal_n at_o that_o time_n lie_v along_o on_o their_o side_n upon_o bed_n round_o about_o the_o table_n how_o long_o this_o way_n of_o receive_v last_v i_o find_v not_o in_o the_o time_n of_o dionysius_n alexandrinus_n the_o custom_n be_v to_o stand_v at_o the_o lord_n table_n 255._o as_o he_o intimate_v in_o a_o letter_n to_o pope_n xystus_n other_o gesture_n be_v take_v in_o as_o the_o prudence_n and_o piety_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o church_n judge_v most_o decent_a and_o comely_a for_o such_o a_o solemn_a action_n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v deliver_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o that_o communicate_v and_o not_o as_o the_o superstition_n of_o after-age_n bring_v in_o injected_a or_o throw_v into_o their_o mouth_n 545._o cyrill_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o his_o time_n they_o use_v to_o stretch_v out_o their_o right_a hand_n put_v their_o left_a hand_n under_o it_o either_o to_o prevent_v any_o of_o the_o sacramental_a bread_n from_o fall_v down_o trull_n or_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o hereby_o to_o shadow_v out_o a_o kind_n of_o figure_n of_o a_o cross_n 101._o during_o the_o time_n of_o administration_n which_o in_o populous_a congregation_n be_v no_o little_a time_n they_o sing_v hymn_n and_o psalm_n the_o compiler_n of_o the_o apostolical_a constitution_n particular_o mention_n the_o 33._o psalm_n which_o be_v do_v 1023._o the_o whole_a action_n be_v solemn_o conclude_v with_o prayer_n and_o thanksgiving_n eccl._n the_o form_n whereof_o be_v likewise_o set_v down_o by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o apostolical_a constitution_n that_o god_n have_v think_v they_o worthy_a to_o participate_v of_o such_o sacred_a mystery_n 546._o and_o the_o people_n be_v bless_v by_o the_o bishop_n or_o the_o minister_n of_o the_o assembly_n and_o have_v again_o salute_v each_o other_o with_o a_o kiss_n of_o peace_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o their_o hearty_a love_n and_o kindness_n whence_o tertullian_n call_v this_o kiss_n signaculum_fw-la orationis_fw-la 14._o the_o seal_n of_o prayer_n the_o assembly_n break_v up_o and_o they_o return_v to_o their_o own_o house_n this_o for_o the_o main_n be_v the_o order_n wherein_o the_o first_o christian_n celebrate_v this_o holy_a sacrament_n for_o though_o i_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o set_v down_o every_o thing_n in_o that_o precise_a and_o punctual_a order_n wherein_o they_o be_v always_o do_v and_o how_o shall_v i_o when_o they_o often_o vary_v according_a to_o time_n and_o place_n yet_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o who_o ever_o examine_v the_o usage_n of_o those_o time_n will_v find_v that_o it_o be_v do_v as_o near_o as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n will_v bear_v the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o part._n primitive_a christianity_n 2._o or_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o gospel_n part_n ii_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n as_o to_o those_o virtue_n that_o respect_v themselves_o chap._n i._n of_o their_o humility_n this_o second_o branch_n of_o religion_n comprehend_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o sobriety_n and_o discover_v in_o some_o great_a instance_n of_o it_o the_o proper_a tendency_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n to_o beget_v humility_n this_o divine_a temper_n eminent_o visible_a in_o the_o first_o christian_n make_v good_a out_o of_o their_o write_n the_o great_a humility_n and_o self-denial_n of_o cyprian_a what_o nazianzen_n report_v to_o this_o purpose_n of_o his_o own_o father_n their_o modest_a decline_v that_o just_a commendation_n that_o be_v due_a to_o they_o many_o who_o suffer_v refuse_v the_o honourable_a title_n of_o martyr_n nazianzen_n vindication_n of_o they_o against_o the_o suggestion_n of_o julian_n the_o apostate_n the_o singular_a meekness_n and_o condescension_n of_o nebridius_fw-la amid_o all_o his_o honour_n and_o relation_n at_o court_n their_o stoop_v to_o the_o vile_a office_n and_o for_o the_o mean_a person_n dress_v and_o minister_a to_o the_o sick_a wash_v the_o saint_n foot_n kiss_v the_o martyr_n chain_n the_o remarkable_a humility_n of_o placilla_n the_o empress_n and_o the_o lady_n paula_n a_o excellent_a discourse_n of_o nyssen'_n against_o pride_n next_o to_o piety_n towards_o god_n succeed_v that_o part_n of_o religion_n that_o immediate_o respect_v ourselves_o express_v by_o the_o apostle_n under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o sobriety_n or_o the_o keep_n ourselves_o within_o those_o bound_n and_o measure_n which_o god_n have_v set_v we_o virtue_n for_o which_o the_o primitive_a christian_n be_v no_o less_o renown_v than_o for_o the_o other_o among_o they_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o their_o humility_n their_o contempt_n of_o the_o world_n their_o temperance_n and_o sobriety_n their_o courage_n and_o constancy_n and_o their_o exemplary_a patience_n under_o suffering_n to_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o humility_n be_v a_o virtue_n that_o seem_v more_o proper_a to_o the_o gospel_n for_o though_o philosopher_n now_o and_o then_o speak_v a_o few_o good_a word_n concern_v it_o yet_o it_o find_v no_o real_a entertainment_n in_o their_o life_n be_v general_o animalia_fw-la gloriae_fw-la creature_n puff_v up_o with_o wind_n and_o emptiness_n and_o that_o sacrifice_v only_o to_o their_o own_o praise_n and_o honour_n whereas_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o gospel_n immediate_o tend_v to_o level_v all_o proud_a and_o swell_a apprehension_n to_o plant_v the_o world_n with_o mildness_n and_o modesty_n and_o to_o clothe_v man_n with_o humility_n and_o the_o ornament_n of_o a_o meek_a and_o a_o quiet_a spirit_n by_o these_o we_o be_v teach_v to_o dwell_v at_o home_n and_o to_o converse_v more_o familiar_o with_o ourselves_o to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o our_o own_o deficiency_n and_o imperfection_n and_o rather_o to_o admire_v other_o than_o to_o advance_v ourselves_o for_o the_o proper_a notion_n of_o humility_n lie_v in_o a_o low_a and_o mean_a estimation_n of_o ourselves_o and_o a_o answerable_a carriage_n towards_o other_o not_o think_v of_o ourselves_o more_o high_o than_o we_o ought_v to_o think_v nor_o be_v unwilling_a that_o other_o man_n shall_v value_v we_o at_o the_o same_o rate_n now_o that_o this_o be_v the_o excellent_a spirit_n of_o primitive_a christianity_n will_v appear_v if_o we_o consider_v how_o earnest_o they_o protest_v against_o all_o ambitious_a and_o vainglorious_a design_n how_o cheerful_o they_o condescend_v to_o the_o mean_a office_n and_o employment_n how_o studious_o they_o decline_v all_o advantage_n of_o applause_n and_o credit_n how_o ready_a they_o be_v rather_o to_o give_v praise_n to_o other_o than_o to_o take_v it_o to_o themselves_o in_o honour_n prefer_v one_o another_o 3._o s._n clemens_n high_o commend_v his_o corinthian_n that_o all_o of_o they_o be_v of_o a_o humble_a temper_n in_o nothing_o give_v to_o vainglory_n subject_n unto_o other_o rather_o than_o subject_v other_o to_o themselves_o ready_a to_o give_v rather_o than_o receive_v 17._o according_o he_o exhort_v they_o especial_o after_o they_o be_v fall_v into_o a_o little_a faction_n and_o disorder_n still_o to_o be_v humble-minded_n to_o lay_v aside_o all_o haughtiness_n and_o pride_n foolishness_n and_o anger_n and_o not_o to_o glory_v in_o wisdom_n 20._o strength_n or_o riches_n but_o let_v he_o that_o glory_n glory_n in_o the_o lord_n and_o to_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o sceptre_n of_o the_o majesty_n of_o god_n who_o come_v not_o in_o the_o vain-boasting_a of_o arrogancy_n and_o pride_n although_o able_a to_o do_v whatsoever_o he_o please_v but_o in_o great_a meekness_n and_o humility_n of_o mind_n appear_v in_o the_o world_n without_o any_o form_n or_o comeliness_n or_o any_o beauty_n that_o he_o