and_o consequent_o the_o one_o will_v descend_v when_o the_o other_o can_v as_o for_o example_n suppose_v a_o sphere_n of_o a_o inch_n diameter_n be_v put_v into_o a_o oily_a fluid_n who_o resistance_n be_v just_o equal_a to_o the_o force_n of_o gravity_n in_o the_o descend_a body_n there_o be_v a_o aequilibrium_fw-la the_o former_a will_v swim_v in_o the_o latter_a now_o if_o another_o sphere_n of_o two_o inch_n diameter_n and_o of_o the_o same_o intensive_a gravity_n be_v put_v in_o the_o same_o fluid_a in_o gravity_n or_o force_n by_o which_o it_o will_v separate_v the_o particle_n of_o the_o fluid_a will_v be_v eight_o time_n great_a than_o the_o descend_a force_n of_o the_o former_a sphere_n and_o if_o in_o resistance_n be_v also_o eight_o time_n great_a it_o be_v plain_a that_o it_o also_o can_v not_o descend_v but_o the_o resistance_n be_v always_o as_o i_o note_v before_o as_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o descend_a body_n be_v only_o in_o the_o present_a case_n four_o time_n great_a which_o will_v not_o equal_v the_o force_n of_o its_o gravity_n and_o therefore_o the_o sphere_n must_v descend_v so_o in_o our_o present_a case_n though_o some_o small_a grain_n of_o dust_n or_o earth_n may_v swim_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o oil_n yet_o these_o when_o increase_v by_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o great_a many_o other_o which_o fall_v upon_o they_o augment_v their_o weight_n the_o same_o resistance_n continue_v and_o must_v fall_v to_o the_o bottom_n beside_o this_o the_o earthy_a particle_n fall_v from_o a_o great_a height_n some_o of_o they_o descend_v from_o place_n as_o high_a as_o the_o moon_n as_o the_o theorist_n will_v have_v they_o must_v needs_o in_o their_o descent_n â—â—â—â—ire_v a_o very_a considerable_a degree_n of_o velocity_n with_o which_o fall_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o oily_a orb_n they_o will_v not_o only_o by_o that_o force_n descend_v themselves_o but_o also_o carry_v down_o with_o they_o and_o condense_a whatsoever_o body_n they_o meet_v in_o their_o way_n or_o find_v swim_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o oil_n now_o that_o the_o force_n of_o a_o descend_a body_n be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o perform_v this_o effect_n i_o think_v be_v clear_a to_o any_o who_o consider_v that_o a_o heavy_a body_n run_v down_o fifteen_o foot_n in_o a_o second_o and_o that_o the_o space_n through_o which_o it_o do_v move_v be_v always_o in_o duplicate_v proportion_n to_o its_o time_n as_o be_v demonstrate_v by_o galileo_n and_o confirm_v by_o the_o experiment_n of_o riscioli_n from_o whence_o by_o calculation_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o a_o body_n will_v run_v down_o four_o thousand_o mile_n in_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o three_o second_n abstract_v from_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o air_n but_o if_o we_o will_v suppose_v but_o the_o hundred_o part_n of_o this_o space_n run_v through_o in_o that_o time_n allow_v all_o the_o rest_n for_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la yet_o even_o in_o that_o case_n the_o velocity_n will_v far_o exceed_v that_o of_o the_o swift_a bullet_n that_o can_v be_v shoot_v out_o of_o a_o cannon_n thus_o i_o think_v i_o have_v make_v it_o evident_a that_o the_o particle_n of_o earth_n after_o fall_v through_o the_o air_n can_v not_o rest_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o oily_a orb_n to_o form_v there_o a_o harden_a habitable_a 〈◊〉_d not_o only_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o great_a gravity_n which_o the_o theorist_n acknowledge_v and_o be_v also_o plain_a by_o experience_n common_a earth_n be_v near_o twice_o as_o heavy_a as_o water_n but_o also_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o great_a force_n by_o which_o they_o must_v of_o necessity_n fall_v upon_o the_o liquid_a orb_n which_o will_v carry_v they_o down_o towards_o the_o centre_n i_o hope_v now_o it_o will_v appear_v to_o any_o think_v man_n plain_o impossible_a that_o either_o oil_n or_o water_n shall_v sustain_v such_o a_o immense_a heavy_a orb_n in_o which_o be_v not_o only_o the_o soft_a earth_n which_o in_o few_o place_n in_o ten_o foot_n deep_a but_o also_o a_o prodigious_a quantity_n of_o stone_n and_o mineral_n much_o heavy_a than_o water_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o these_o great_a heavy_a body_n must_v have_v sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n if_o they_o be_v leave_v to_o themselves_o and_o yet_o these_o body_n make_v up_o the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o outward_a earth_n i_o know_v the_o theorist_n do_v bold_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v neither_o metal_n nor_o mineral_n in_o the_o primitive_a earth_n but_o this_o be_v both_o contrary_a to_o reason_n and_o scripture_n for_o the_o holy_a scripture_n tell_v we_o that_o tuhal_v cain_n before_o the_o flood_n be_v a_o instructor_n of_o every_o artificer_n in_o brass_n and_o iron_n and_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v how_o there_o can_v be_v such_o artificer_n before_o the_o flood_n when_o according_a to_o he_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n to_o be_v see_v as_o metal_n beside_o it_o be_v hardly_o possible_a to_o build_v a_o ark_n that_o shall_v contain_v all_o the_o terrestrial_a and_o aerial_a animal_n without_o iron_n the_o american_n without_o any_o iron_n make_v themselves_o small_a cannoe_n of_o one_o solid_a piece_n of_o timber_n which_o they_o hollow_v by_o burn_v but_o it_o will_v be_v a_o strange_a tree_n that_o be_v of_o the_o dimension_n of_o the_o ark_n and_o can_v contain_v so_o many_o animal_n as_o it_o do_v these_o thing_n do_v in_o my_o judgement_n plain_o show_v that_o the_o theorist_n opinion_n in_o this_o point_n be_v utter_o false_a from_o what_o i_o have_v already_o say_v i_o think_v it_o may_v be_v clear_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o fabric_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d can_v never_o be_v deduce_v from_o a_o chaos_n by_o the_o sole_a help_n of_o mechanical_a principle_n and_o natural_a cause_n for_o it_o be_v evident_a to_o any_o one_o who_o have_v eye_n though_o there_o have_v be_v some_o wise_a philosopher_n of_o another_o opinion_n that_o the_o land_n be_v high_a than_o the_o water_n and_o it_o be_v also_o plain_o experience_v that_o common_a arable_a earth_n or_o clay_n be_v much_o heavy_a than_o water_n and_o if_o we_o descend_v into_o the_o mine_n or_o pit_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o matter_n there_o to_o be_v three_o or_o four_o time_n heavy_a than_o the_o earth_n above_o now_o it_o be_v plain_a from_o what_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o in_o a_o chaos_n the_o true_a change_n that_o will_v follow_v from_o mechanical_a principle_n and_o natural_a cause_n be_v that_o if_o all_o be_v fluid_a the_o heavy_a &_o solid_a body_n will_v subside_v and_o fall_v to_o the_o centre_n every_o one_o take_v place_n according_a to_o the_o specific_a gravity_n so_o that_o the_o light_a body_n will_v always_o be_v force_v uppermost_o the_o earth_n therefore_o be_v heavy_a than_o the_o water_n must_v of_o necessary_a place_n itself_o nigh_o the_o centre_n and_o leave_v the_o water_n to_o cover_v the_o face_n of_o the_o whole_a orb._n thus_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o world_n can_v never_o be_v inhabit_v by_o any_o other_o animal_n than_o fish_n but_o in_o how_o much_o wise_a order_n than_o this_o have_v the_o great_a creator_n of_o the_o world_n place_v all_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o great_a gravity_n of_o the_o land_n it_o be_v raise_v high_a than_o the_o sea_n and_o thereby_o make_v fit_a and_o habitable_a both_o for_o man_n and_o beast_n without_o the_o help_n of_o natural_a and_o mechanical_a cause_n which_o will_v have_v produce_v the_o contrary_a effect_n several_a other_o argument_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o fâ—â—me_n of_o this_o world_n be_v the_o result_n of_o wisdom_n and_o counsel_n and_o not_o of_o the_o necessary_a and_o essential_a law_n of_o motion_n and_o gravitation_n which_o can_v never_o have_v either_o make_v or_o support_v the_o world_n i_o always_o wonder_v at_o the_o wild_a and_o extravagant_a fancy_n of_o the_o philosopher_n who_o think_v that_o brute_n and_o stupid_a matter_n will_v by_o itself_o without_o some_o supreme_a and_o intelligent_a director_n fall_v into_o a_o regular_a and_o beautiful_a structure_n who_o part_n shall_v be_v so_o extreme_o well_o adapt_v to_o various_a use_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v the_o result_n of_o wisdom_n and_o contrivance_n i_o will_v conclude_v this_o chapter_n with_o a_o discourse_n of_o the_o theorist_n in_o his_o 10_o the_o chap._n lib._n 2._o in_o the_o construction_n of_o the_o body_n of_o a_o animal_n say_v he_o there_o be_v more_o of_o thought_n and_o contrivance_n more_o of_o exquisite_a invention_n and_o fit_a disposition_n of_o part_n than_o be_v in_o all_o the_o temple_n palace_n ship_n theater_n or_o any_o other_o piece_n of_o architecture_n the_o world_n ever_o yet_o see_v and_o not_o architecture_n only_o but_o all_o other_o mechanism_n whatsoever_o engine_n
clockwork_n or_o any_o other_o be_v not_o comparable_a to_o the_o body_n of_o a_o live_a creature_n see_v then_o we_o acknowledge_v these_o artificial_a work_n wheresoever_o we_o meet_v with_o they_o to_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o wit_n understanding_n and_o reason_n be_v it_o not_o manifest_a partiality_n or_o stupidity_n rather_o to_o deny_v the_o work_n of_o nature_n which_o excel_v these_o in_o all_o degree_n to_o proceed_v from_o a_o intelligent_a principle_n let_v they_o take_v any_o piece_n of_o human_a art_n or_o any_o machine_n frame_v by_o the_o wit_n of_o man_n and_o compare_v it_o with_o the_o body_n of_o a_o animal_n either_o for_o diversity_n and_o multiplicity_n of_o workmanship_n or_o curiosity_n in_o the_o minute_n part_n or_o just_a connexion_n and_o dependence_n of_o one_o thing_n upon_o another_o or_o fit_a subserviency_n to_o the_o end_v propose_v of_o life_n motion_n use_v and_o ornament_n to_o the_o creature_n and_o if_o in_o all_o these_o respect_n they_o find_v it_o superior_a to_o any_o work_n of_o human_a production_n as_o they_o certain_o must_v why_o shall_v it_o be_v think_v to_o proceed_v from_o inferior_a and_o senseless_a cause_n aught_o we_o not_o in_o this_o as_o well_o as_o in_o other_o respect_n to_o proportion_v the_o cause_n to_o the_o effect_n and_o to_o speak_v truth_n and_o bring_v a_o honest_a verdict_n for_o nature_n as_o well_o as_o for_o art_n i_o desire_v the_o theorist_n may_v apply_v this_o excellent_a discourse_n to_o himself_o and_o consider_v whether_o this_o argument_n which_o he_o produce_v against_o the_o epicurean_o and_o atheist_n do_v not_o full_o show_v the_o absurdity_n of_o his_o own_o theory_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o mountain_n the_o theorist_n frame_v his_o antediluvian_n earth_n smooth_a regular_a and_o uniform_a without_o mountain_n and_o without_o a_o sea_n the_o proof_n which_o he_o bring_v for_o this_o bold_a assertion_n be_v that_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n can_v not_o rise_v immediate_o from_o a_o chaos_n into_o the_o irregular_a form_n in_o which_o it_o be_v at_o present_a the_o chaos_n say_v he_o be_v a_o fluid_a mass_n which_o we_o know_v do_v necessary_o fall_v into_o a_o spherical_a surface_n who_o part_n be_v equidistant_a from_o the_o centre_n in_o a_o equal_a and_o even_a convexity_n one_o with_o another_o and_o since_o upon_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o chaos_n and_o separation_n into_o several_a elementary_a mass_n the_o water_n will_v natural_o have_v a_o superior_a place_n to_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v manifest_a there_o can_v be_v no_o habitable_a earth_n form_v out_o of_o the_o chaos_n unless_o by_o some_o concretion_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o water_n then_o last_o see_v this_o concrete_a orb_n of_o earth_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o water_n will_v be_v of_o the_o same_o form_n with_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n it_o be_v spread_v upon_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n that_o we_o know_v of_o to_o make_v a_o inequality_n in_o it_o we_o must_v conclude_v it_o equal_a and_o uniform_a and_o without_o mountain_n as_o also_o without_o a_o sea_n for_o the_o sea_n and_o all_o the_o mass_n of_o water_n be_v enclose_v within_o this_o exterior_a earth_n which_o have_v no_o other_o basis_n or_o foundation_n to_o rest_v upon_o this_o be_v the_o theorist_n great_a argument_n why_o the_o face_n of_o the_o primitive_a earth_n be_v smooth_a and_o uniform_a and_o without_o mountain_n which_o if_o we_o consider_v narrow_o it_o will_v appear_v to_o depend_v upon_o a_o precarious_a and_o false_a supposition_n namely_o that_o the_o great_a mass_n of_o matter_n which_o we_o have_v now_o for_o our_o earth_n be_v when_o in_o a_o chaos_n a_o entire_o fluid_a mass_n which_o be_v a_o hard_a thing_n to_o be_v grant_v since_o the_o great_a part_n of_o body_n we_o have_v in_o the_o earth_n at_o least_o so_o far_o as_o we_o can_v discern_v be_v hard_a and_o solid_a and_o there_o be_v not_o such_o a_o quantity_n of_o water_n in_o the_o earth_n as_o will_v be_v requisite_a to_o soften_v and_o liquify_v they_o all_o beside_o a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o as_o stones_z and_o metal_n be_v uncapable_a of_o be_v liquify_v by_o water_n we_o must_v conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o chaos_n be_v not_o so_o fluid_a a_o mass_n as_o will_v be_v necessary_a for_o to_o have_v its_o surface_n even_o and_o uniform_a why_o may_v not_o there_o have_v be_v in_o this_o great_a mass_n huge_a lump_n of_o firm_a and_o solid_a matter_n which_o without_o any_o form_n order_n or_o regularity_n may_v be_v jumble_v together_o and_o swim_v up_o and_o down_o some_o on_o the_o surface_n and_o some_o within_o the_o fluid_a i_o will_v leave_v it_o to_o any_o to_o judge_v which_o appear_v most_o like_a a_o chaos_n this_o which_o i_o have_v describe_v or_o he_o which_o be_v a_o regular_a uniform_a fluid_n of_o a_o spherical_a figure_n so_o compose_v and_o mix_v with_o all_o body_n that_o no_o part_n of_o it_o at_o least_o at_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o the_o centre_n be_v thick_a than_o another_o which_o must_v necessary_o fall_v out_o if_o the_o chaos_n have_v a_o exact_a spherical_a figure_n as_o the_o theorist_n suppose_v if_o it_o be_v otherwise_o it_o be_v plain_a by_o hydrostatical_a principle_n that_o there_o the_o fluid_n will_v rise_v high_a where_o it_o be_v thin_a or_o light_a and_o consequent_o it_o will_v not_o have_v its_o surface_n uniform_a equal_o even_o and_o distant_a from_o the_o centre_n indeed_o methinks_v the_o theorist_n first_o figure_n of_o the_o chaos_n do_v very_o much_o contradict_v his_o own_o hypothesis_n there_o you_o may_v see_v represent_v great_a piece_n of_o hard_a and_o solid_a matter_n of_o no_o regular_a figure_n swim_v confuse_o in_o the_o fluid_fw-la any_o one_o of_o which_o seem_v to_o bear_v a_o far_o great_a proportion_n to_o the_o whole_a mass_n than_o the_o high_a hill_n can_v do_v to_o the_o whole_a earth_n but_o perhaps_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o all_o these_o hard_a and_o solid_a body_n be_v heavy_a than_o the_o fluid_a in_o which_o they_o swim_v fall_v down_o and_o compose_v the_o central_n solid_a and_o so_o far_o i_o must_v own_v indeed_o that_o all_o the_o body_n in_o that_o great_a mass_n which_o be_v heavy_a than_o water_n if_o leave_v to_o the_o law_n of_o gravity_n will_v necessary_o fall_v down_o towards_o the_o centre_n but_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o in_o such_o a_o great_a heap_n of_o matter_n and_o so_o different_a mixture_n of_o all_o sort_n mollia_fw-la cum_fw-la dure_v sine_fw-la pondere_fw-la habentia_fw-la pondus_fw-la there_o must_v be_v several_a that_o be_v specifical_o light_a than_o the_o water_n in_o which_o they_o swim_v and_o therefore_o after_o that_o the_o heavy_a have_v fall_v to_o the_o centre_n they_o will_v still_o float_v upon_o the_o surface_n so_o much_o of_o they_o be_v under_o water_n as_o will_v equal_v in_o quantity_n a_o bulk_n of_o water_n of_o the_o same_o gravity_n with_o the_o whole_a mass_n as_o it_o be_v demonstrate_v by_o archimedes_n 5._o proposition_n lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr insidentibus_fw-la humido_fw-la so_o that_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o mass_n stand_v out_o or_o be_v high_o than_o the_o fluid_n will_v compose_v a_o mountain_n and_o that_o hill_n may_v be_v thus_o make_v i_o think_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o observation_n of_o those_o who_o have_v fail_v in_o the_o northern_a sea_n where_o they_o see_v great_a mountain_n of_o ice_n float_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v but_o a_o very_a small_a difference_n between_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o water_n and_o ice_n it_o be_v as_o eight_o to_o seven_o according_a to_o mr._n boyle_n observation_n if_o then_o we_o will_v suppose_v all_o mountain_n hollow_a and_o full_a of_o cavern_n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o to_o our_o certain_a knowledge_n that_o be_v so_o or_o else_o join_v to_o some_o light_a matter_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a composition_n may_v be_v light_a than_o water_n or_o the_o fluid_a chaos_n this_o will_v necessary_o produce_v mountain_n and_o now_o i_o hope_v the_o theorist_n will_v own_v that_o the_o evenness_n and_o uniformity_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o so_o necessary_a a_o consequence_n from_o its_o production_n out_o of_o a_o chaos_n as_o he_o at_o first_o imagine_v since_o i_o have_v show_v he_o how_o mountain_n may_v have_v be_v form_v from_o his_o own_o principle_n of_o statickâ—_n and_o gravitation_n yet_o i_o be_o of_o the_o opinion_n that_o there_o be_v other_o principle_n concur_v to_o the_o formation_n of_o the_o world_n beside_o gravitation_n and_o the_o know_a law_n of_o motion_n which_o i_o think_v if_o leave_v to_o themselves_o will_v never_o produce_v any_o tolerable_a or_o habitable_a world_n but_o suppose_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o mountain_n unknown_a or_o impossible_a to_o be_v assign_v yet_o
be_v fain_o to_o make_v the_o best_a shift_n he_o can_v which_o be_v a_o very_a bad_a one_o and_o still_o the_o worse_o by_o his_o management_n but_o so_o far_o be_v the_o theorist_n mistake_v in_o this_o point_n that_o suppose_v the_o great_a agitation_n of_o the_o vapour_n yet_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o their_o true_a course_n will_v be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o what_o he_o assert_n namely_o from_o east_n to_o west_n and_o not_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o south_n part_n of_o the_o world_n for_o they_o will_v be_v carry_v that_o way_n by_o a_o wind_n which_o will_v continual_o blow_v from_o east_n to_o west_n this_o i_o think_v i_o be_o able_a to_o prove_v demonstrative_o thus_o since_o therefore_o this_o be_v clear_o agreeable_a both_o to_o reason_n and_o observation_n there_o be_v no_o further_a doubt_n to_o be_v make_v of_o it_o the_o wind_n therefore_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n of_o the_o primitive_a earth_n blow_v continual_o from_o east_n to_o west_n must_v of_o 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of_o a_o exact_a spherical_a but_o a_o oval_a figure_n in_o which_o he_o say_v it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o polar_a part_n be_v high_a than_o the_o aequinoctial_a that_o be_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o centre_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o figure_n and_o this_o he_o tell_v we_o will_v do_v the_o business_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o vapour_n which_o fall_v at_o the_o extreme_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v have_v a_o continual_a descent_n towards_o the_o middle_a part_n thereof_o and_o by_o consequence_n it_o will_v be_v a_o sufficient_a descent_n for_o the_o run_n of_o rivers_n now_o i_o will_v ready_o grant_v that_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o spherical_a but_o spheroidical_a but_o i_o can_v see_v no_o reason_n why_o it_o shall_v be_v a_o oblong_a spheroid_fw-fr and_o not_o a_o broad_a one_o for_o it_o may_v be_v of_o a_o spheroidical_a figure_n though_o the_o axis_n of_o it_o be_v short_a than_o the_o diameter_n of_o its_o equator_fw-la and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v by_o what_o mean_v the_o vapour_n will_v flow_v from_o the_o pole_n to_o the_o equator_fw-la but_o the_o theorist_n give_v we_o a_o account_n how_o the_o earth_n come_v to_o be_v form_v after_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o oblong_a spheroid_fw-fr it_o be_v true_a say_v he_o if_o the_o earth_n be_v as_o fluid_v a_o substance_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o creation_n and_o stand_v immovable_a without_o turn_v round_o its_o own_o axis_n it_o will_v certain_o settle_v itself_o into_o a_o spherical_a figure_n but_o because_o it_o turn_v very_o swift_o round_o its_o axis_n the_o fluid_a by_o that_o agitation_n will_v endeavour_v to_o recede_v from_o its_o centre_n of_o motion_n and_o form_n itself_o into_o a_o figure_n very_o near_o oval_a as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o any_o lake_n when_o the_o water_n be_v drive_v by_o the_o wind_n upon_o the_o land_n the_o wave_n extend_v themselves_o in_o length_n so_o in_o our_o watery_a globe_n which_o be_v turn_v about_o its_o own_o axis_n the_o whole_a bulk_n of_o water_n under_o the_o equator_fw-la be_v much_o more_o agitate_a than_o that_o which_o be_v towards_o the_o pole_n where_o the_o fluid_a in_o its_o diurnal_a motion_n describe_v lesser_a circle_n it_o will_v endeavour_v to_o recede_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o its_o motion_n and_o because_o it_o can_v get_v quite_o off_o and_o fly_v away_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o air_n which_o every_o way_n press_v upon_o it_o and_o the_o straitness_n of_o its_o orb_n in_o these_o place_n neither_o can_v it_o flow_v back_o without_o a_o great_a check_n and_o resistance_n from_o the_o same_o air_n it_o can_v not_o otherwise_o free_v itself_o than_o by_o flow_v towards_o the_o side_n for_o water_n which_o be_v hinder_v in_o their_o motion_n will_v take_v the_o easy_a course_n they_o can_v have_v now_o from_o this_o detrusion_n of_o the_o water_n towards_o the_o side_n the_o part_n towards_o the_o pole_n must_v come_v to_o be_v much_o increase_v and_o those_o towards_o the_o equator_fw-la discharge_v of_o abundance_n of_o water_n which_o otherwise_o will_v have_v lie_v upon_o they_o and_o by_o consequence_n the_o earth_n must_v have_v be_v of_o a_o oblong_a or_o a_o oval_a figure_n i_o come_v now_o to_o examine_v the_o theorist_n reason_n by_o which_o he_o prove_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v of_o a_o oblong_a spheroidical_a figure_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o fluid_a under_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v much_o more_o agitate_a than_o that_o which_o be_v towards_o the_o pole_n which_o describe_v in_o its_o diurnal_a motion_n lesser_a arch_n and_o because_o it_o can_v quite_o get_v off_o and_o fly_v away_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o air_n which_o every_o way_n press_v upon_o it_o it_o can_v no_o other_o way_n free_v itself_o than_o by_o flow_v towards_o the_o side_n and_o consequent_o form_v the_o earth_n into_o a_o oval_a figure_n that_o the_o reader_n may_v observe_v how_o excellent_a the_o theorist_n be_v at_o draw_v conclusion_n 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consist_v of_o a_o hundred_o figure_n but_o if_o we_o shall_v imagine_v all_o the_o space_n between_o the_o surface_v fill_v up_o with_o solid_a and_o not_o diaphanous_a matter_n as_o it_o real_o be_v so_o in_o the_o crust_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o heat_n upon_o the_o surface_n must_v be_v much_o less_o than_o what_o it_o will_v be_v by_o the_o former_a proportion_n from_o thence_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o if_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o antediluvian_n earth_n be_v not_o much_o great_a than_o it_o be_v now_o it_o can_v never_o reach_v so_o far_o into_o the_o crust_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v vapour_n from_o the_o abyss_n or_o if_o it_o be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v vapour_n from_o thence_o that_o be_v if_o it_o be_v then_o as_o great_a upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o abyss_n as_o it_o be_v general_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o present_a earth_n it_o must_v have_v be_v almost_o infinite_o great_a upon_o 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but_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o shall_v i_o grant_v to_o the_o theorist_n that_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n have_v reach_v the_o abyss_n and_o have_v raise_v the_o vapour_n so_o that_o the_o crust_n of_o the_o earth_n fall_v down_o and_o be_v break_v in_o piece_n yet_o i_o can_v see_v how_o from_o thence_o there_o can_v follow_v any_o universal_a deluge_n or_o indeed_o any_o deluge_n at_o all_o though_o the_o theorist_n do_v endeavour_v to_o explain_v it_o thus_o when_o the_o earth_n say_v he_o be_v break_v and_o fall_v into_o the_o abyss_n a_o good_a part_n of_o it_o be_v cover_v with_o water_n by_o the_o mere_a depth_n of_o the_o abyss_n it_o fall_v into_o and_o those_o part_n of_o it_o that_o be_v high_a than_o the_o abyss_n be_v deep_a and_o consequent_o will_v stand_v above_o it_o in_o a_o calm_a water_n be_v notwithstanding_o reach_v and_o overtop_v by_o the_o water_n during_o the_o agitation_n and_o violent_a commotion_n of_o the_o abyss_n for_o it_o be_v not_o imaginable_a say_v he_o what_o the_o commotion_n of_o the_o abyss_n will_v be_v upon_o this_o dissolution_n of_o the_o earth_n nor_o to_o what_o height_n its_o wave_n will_v be_v throw_v when_o these_o prodigious_a fragment_n be_v tumble_v down_o into_o it_o if_o you_o will_v suppose_v a_o stone_n of_o ten_o thousand_o weight_n take_v up_o into_o the_o air_n a_o mile_n or_o two_o and_o then_o let_v fall_v into_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n it_o be_v credible_a that_o the_o dash_a of_o the_o water_n upon_o that_o impression_n will_v rise_v as_o high_a as_o a_o mountain_n but_o if_o you_o will_v suppose_v a_o mighty_a rock_n or_o a_o heap_n of_o rock_n to_o fall_v from_o that_o height_n or_o a_o great_a island_n or_o continent_n these_o will_v expel_v the_o water_n out_o of_o their_o place_n with_o such_o a_o force_n and_o violence_n as_o will_v fling_v they_o above_o the_o high_a cloud_n this_o be_v in_o short_a the_o method_n the_o theorist_n have_v find_v out_o for_o make_v a_o universal_a deluge_n but_o if_o i_o can_v prove_v from_o his_o own_o principle_n that_o long_o before_o the_o deluge_n happen_v all_o the_o water_n in_o the_o abyss_n be_v draw_v up_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o supply_v the_o river_n that_o be_v necessary_a to_o water_v the_o earth_n i_o will_v fain_o know_v what_o will_v become_v of_o his_o deluge_n or_o how_o he_o can_v make_v in_o that_o case_n the_o fall_n of_o the_o crust_n to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o universal_a flood_n for_o by_o all_o the_o conception_n that_o i_o can_v have_v of_o it_o the_o water_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o fall_n will_v rush_v into_o the_o abyss_n and_o it_o will_v be_v so_o far_o from_o make_v any_o flood_n that_o it_o will_v leave_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o make_v dry_a land_n appear_v where_o former_o there_o be_v none_o to_o prove_v this_o i_o must_v first_o inquire_v what_o proportion_n the_o quantity_n of_o water_n which_o the_o sea_n receive_v from_o the_o river_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o any_o time_n bear_v to_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n in_o the_o ocean_n and_o by_o consequence_n i_o will_v calculate_v the_o time_n the_o river_n will_v take_v to_o fill_v the_o ocean_n if_o it_o be_v empty_a and_o they_o run_v as_o they_o do_v now_o or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n i_o will_v find_v what_o time_n the_o sea_n will_v take_v to_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o river_n suppose_v that_o it_o be_v not_o recruit_v again_o by_o the_o continual_a course_n of_o fresh_a water_n which_o run_v into_o it_o that_o be_v if_o the_o abyss_n do_v former_o supply_v all_o the_o river_n with_o water_n before_o the_o flood_n and_o none_o of_o they_o run_v into_o it_o again_o as_o the_o theorist_n suppose_v they_o do_v not_o i_o be_o to_o find_v what_o time_n it_o will_v take_v to_o empty_v itself_o on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o if_o i_o can_v prove_v that_o it_o will_v quite_o empty_v itself_o on_o the_o surface_n long_o before_o the_o deluge_n happen_v i_o think_v from_o thence_o it_o will_v necessary_o follow_v that_o there_o will_v be_v no_o deluge_n at_o all_o by_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o crust_n to_o begin_v therefore_o i_o will_v suppose_v as_o the_o theorist_n have_v do_v in_o his_o second_o chap._n book_n first_o that_o one_o half_a of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o terraqueous_a globe_n be_v sea_n and_o the_o other_o land_n and_o that_o if_o we_o take_v the_o sea_n one_o place_n with_o another_o it_o be_v a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n deep_a now_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n be_v 170981012_o italian_a mile_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v 85490506_o square_a mile_n which_o be_v multiply_v by_o ¼_n the_o the_o sea_n be_v ¼_n the_o of_o a_o mile_n deep_a the_o product_n be_v 21372626½_n cubical_a mile_n which_o be_v the_o quantity_n of_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o whole_a ocean_n now_o to_o calculate_v the_o water_n the_o ocean_n receive_v from_o the_o river_n we_o must_v consider_v some_o great_a river_n who_o breadth_n depth_n and_o swiftness_n be_v best_a know_v such_o be_v the_o po_n which_o pass_v through_o lombardy_n and_o water_n a_o large_a country_n of_o 380_o mile_n in_o length_n ricciolus_n in_o his_o geographia_fw-la reformata_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o its_o breadth_n before_o its_o division_n into_o a_o great_a many_o channel_n by_o which_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n be_v a_o hundred_o bononian_n perch_v or_o a_o thousand_o foot_n and_o its_o depth_n be_v one_o perch_n or_o ten_o foot_n and_o therefore_o its_o perpendicular_a section_n from_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o be_v a_o hundred_o square_a perche_n or_o 40000_o square_a foot_n its_o swiftness_n also_o be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o course_n of_o the_o water_n be_v about_o four_o italian_a mile_n in_o a_o hour_n or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n 2000_o italian_a perch_n for_o there_o be_v 500_o perch_n in_o a_o mile_n the_o po_n therefore_o carry_v into_o the_o adriatic_a 200000_o cubical_a perch_n of_o water_n in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hour_n and_o therefore_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n it_o bring_v into_o the_o sea_n in_o a_o day_n be_v 4800000_o cubical_a perch_n or_o 380000000_o cubical_a foot_n of_o water_n but_o one_o cubical_a mile_n contain_v 125000000_o cubical_a perch_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o po_n take_v one_o day_n to_o bring_v into_o the_o adriatic_a 4800000_o cubical_a perch_n of_o water_n it_o will_v require_v twenty_o six_o day_n to_o carry_v into_o the_o sea_n 125000000_o cubical_a perch_n or_o one_o cubical_a mile_n or_o which_o come_v to_o the_o same_o thing_n twenty_o six_o river_n every_o one_o of_o which_o be_v of_o the_o
same_o swiftness_n with_o the_o po_n will_v pour_v into_o the_o sea_n one_o cubical_a mile_n of_o water_n in_o a_o day_n i_o must_v in_o the_o next_o place_n determine_v what_o proportion_n all_o the_o river_n in_o the_o earth_n bear_v to_o the_o po_n which_o to_o determine_v exact_o will_v be_v a_o task_n not_o easy_o to_o be_v perform_v but_o i_o think_v we_o may_v determine_v it_o near_o enough_o for_o our_o present_a purpose_n by_o suppose_v that_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n receive_v into_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o great_a river_n in_o any_o country_n be_v very_o near_o proportional_a to_o the_o extent_n and_o surface_n of_o that_o country_n and_o consequent_o the_o country_n which_o be_v water_v by_o the_o po_n and_o the_o river_n which_o run_v into_o it_o bear_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o whole_a dry_a land_n that_o the_o po_n do_v to_o all_o the_o river_n in_o the_o earth_n but_o i_o have_v observe_v from_o the_o exact_a map_n i_o can_v see_v that_o the_o po_n from_o its_o origin_n in_o the_o alps_o to_o its_o end_n where_o it_o run_v into_o the_o sea_n be_v in_o length_n three_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o mile_n and_o that_o the_o river_n which_o fall_v into_o it_o from_o each_o side_n come_v from_o spring_n of_o about_o sixty_o mile_n distance_n from_o the_o po_n consequent_o the_o po_n and_o the_o river_n which_o run_v into_o it_o water_z a_o country_n which_o be_v 380_o mile_n long_o and_o 120_o broad_a all_o which_o make_v 45600_o square_a mile_n but_o the_o surface_n of_o all_o the_o land_n be_v equal_a to_o half_a the_o terraqueous_a globe_n be_v 85490506_o square_a mile_n and_o therefore_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n former_o mention_v the_o water_n which_o be_v carry_v into_o the_o sea_n by_o all_o the_o river_n be_v 1874_o time_n great_a than_o what_o the_o po_n carry_v into_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v true_a there_o be_v in_o the_o earth_n some_o barren_a place_n which_o have_v no_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n or_o river_n in_o they_o but_o they_o be_v but_o small_a will_v not_o much_o alter_v our_o account_n and_o for_o a_o equivalent_a we_o can_v easy_o prove_v that_o though_o there_o be_v some_o country_n not_o so_o well_o store_v with_o river_n as_o lombardy_n yet_o there_o be_v several_a other_o which_o be_v much_o better_o furnish_v with_o they_o particular_o the_o south_n part_n of_o america_n where_o there_o be_v river_n which_o according_a to_o credible_a relation_n be_v above_o fourscore_o mile_n in_o breadth_n and_o therefore_o by_o allow_v a_o proportional_a depth_n they_o will_v be_v several_a hundred_o of_o time_n big_a than_o the_o po._n now_o i_o have_v already_o calculate_v that_o twenty_o six_o po_n will_n pour_v into_o the_o sea_n one_o cubical_a mile_n of_o water_n in_o a_o day_n and_o consequent_o in_o 365_o day_n or_o in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o year_n they_o will_v pour_v into_o the_o sea_n 365_o cubical_a mile_n of_o water_n hence_o it_o follow_v that_o if_o 26_o river_n as_o big_a as_o the_o po_n pour_v into_o the_o sea_n 365_o mile_n of_o water_n in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o year_n from_o 1874_o river_n as_o big_a as_o the_o po_n there_o will_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o same_o time_n 26308_o cubical_a mile_n of_o water_n and_o therefore_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o proportional_n in_o the_o space_n of_o 812_o year_n the_o river_n will_v bring_v into_o the_o sea_n 21372626_o cubical_a mile_n of_o water_n which_o be_v a_o quantity_n of_o water_n as_o great_a as_o the_o ocean_n and_o therefore_o in_o that_o time_n they_o will_v fill_v the_o great_a channel_n of_o the_o ocean_n if_o it_o be_v empty_a and_o their_o course_n the_o same_o both_o for_o quantity_n of_o water_n and_o swiftness_n that_o it_o be_v now_o and_o since_o the_o sea_n furnish_v the_o river_n with_o all_o the_o water_n that_o run_v through_o they_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o sea_n will_v empty_v itself_o in_o the_o space_n of_o 812_o year_n if_o none_o of_o the_o river_n run_v into_o it_o again_o since_o therefore_o according_a to_o the_o theorist_n the_o abyss_n be_v the_o store-house_n which_o furnish_v the_o river_n of_o the_o antediluvian_n earth_n with_o water_n and_o none_o of_o they_o according_a to_o he_o run_v into_o it_o again_o and_o because_o all_o the_o water_n which_o be_v ancient_o in_o the_o abyss_n be_v now_o in_o the_o ocean_n it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o 812_o year_n it_o will_v be_v quite_o empty_a upon_o supposition_n that_o there_o be_v as_o many_o river_n in_o the_o primitive_a earth_n as_o there_o be_v now_o in_o we_o but_o because_o there_o be_v then_o twice_o as_o much_o land_n to_o be_v furnish_v with_o river_n there_o be_v then_o no_o sea_n as_o the_o theorist_n say_v we_o must_v in_o proportion_n allow_v twice_o as_o many_o river_n to_o water_v the_o double_a quantity_n of_o dry_a land_n and_o therefore_o by_o such_o a_o double_a quantity_n of_o river_n the_o abyss_n will_v be_v empty_v in_o half_a that_o time_n perhaps_o the_o theorist_n will_v say_v that_o the_o river_n be_v not_o altogether_o furnish_v by_o vapour_n draw_v from_o the_o abyss_n but_o by_o those_o also_o that_o be_v exhale_v from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o after_o the_o water_n in_o the_o river_n have_v run_v towards_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o water_n be_v again_o raise_v into_o vapour_n by_o the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o carry_v back_o towards_o the_o pole_n in_o order_n to_o supply_v the_o river_n again_o but_o this_o be_v no_o objection_n to_o our_o present_a argument_n for_o though_o the_o vapour_n draw_v from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v no_o doubt_n increase_v the_o quantity_n of_o water_n in_o the_o river_n yet_o still_o there_o will_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o abyss_n the_o same_o quantity_n of_o vapour_n as_o be_v before_o the_o same_o cause_n still_o continue_v to_o act_v will_v still_o produce_v the_o same_o effect_n and_o the_o abyss_n have_v at_o first_o furnish_v the_o river_n with_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o water_n will_v still_o continue_v to_o do_v the_o same_o and_o in_o the_o same_o quantity_n and_o therefore_o it_o signify_v nothing_o against_o the_o former_a calculation_n how_o much_o vapour_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o how_o much_o the_o river_n be_v increase_v by_o it_o since_o than_o i_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v on_o the_o supposition_n of_o his_o principle_n that_o all_o the_o water_n in_o the_o abyss_n be_v long_o before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o abyss_n and_o place_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n i_o will_v fain_o know_v how_o in_o that_o case_n the_o theorist_n can_v explain_v a_o universal_a deluge_n by_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o outward_a crust_n of_o the_o earth_n upon_o the_o abyss_n for_o in_o my_o opinion_n this_o fall_n will_v have_v be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o deluge_n that_o it_o will_v have_v prove_v the_o true_a way_n to_o deliver_v the_o earth_n from_o a_o deluge_n of_o water_n which_o be_v then_o on_o it_o for_o all_o the_o water_n which_o be_v in_o the_o abyss_n be_v draw_v up_o on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o earth_n be_v of_o a_o spheroidical_a and_o oval_a shape_n without_o hill_n and_o mountain_n upper_a and_o low_a ground_n but_o exact_o of_o the_o same_o figure_n which_o its_o gravity_n and_o centrifugal_a force_n form_v it_o into_o when_o it_o be_v fluid_a the_o great_a mass_n of_o water_n which_o be_v then_o upon_o the_o earth_n must_v have_v settle_v itself_o also_o in_o the_o same_o figure_n it_o have_v no_o bank_n to_o retain_v it_o within_o its_o channel_n or_o mountain_n to_o keep_v it_o within_o bound_n and_o the_o true_a effect_n of_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o crust_n must_v have_v be_v to_o have_v discover_v the_o land_n and_o the_o water_n will_v have_v run_v from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o the_o abyss_n and_o there_o will_v have_v form_v a_o sea_n and_o make_v that_o land_n appear_v which_o before_o be_v cover_v with_o water_n notwithstanding_o what_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v i_o will_v now_o suppose_v that_o all_o the_o water_n which_o be_v now_o in_o the_o ocean_n be_v in_o the_o abyss_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n and_o that_o the_o crust_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v break_v and_o crack_v and_o fall_v down_o on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o abyss_n yet_o still_o i_o can_v understand_v how_o this_o fall_n can_v produce_v a_o universal_a deluge_n and_o make_v the_o water_n swell_v above_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n for_o the_o theorist_n have_v
with_o a_o collection_n of_o earthly_a watery_a and_o airy_a particle_n intercept_n and_o reflect_v all_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n which_o fall_v upon_o it_o but_o this_o i_o think_v do_v not_o well_o agree_v with_o the_o tenor_n of_o scripture_n which_o represent_v the_o chaos_n in_o its_o very_a original_a state_n as_o involve_v with_o darkness_n and_o obscurity_n it_o be_v also_o repugnant_a to_o all_o the_o ancient_a tradition_n we_o have_v about_o it_o which_o represent_v it_o as_o a_o dark_a and_o confuse_a heap_n of_o body_n from_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o its_o existence_n till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o creation_n or_o formation_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v plain_a also_o that_o the_o abyss_n or_o deep_o mention_v in_o scripture_n can_v not_o be_v that_o dense_a and_o heavy_a fluid_a mr._n whiston_n speak_v of_o on_o which_o he_o say_v the_o upper_a crust_n of_o our_o earth_n be_v found_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o scripture_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o abyss_n which_o be_v then_o dark_a and_o afterward_o when_o light_n be_v create_v be_v illuminate_v and_o make_v visible_a for_o when_o light_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v make_v without_o doubt_n we_o must_v suppose_v that_o it_o be_v produce_v in_o some_o place_n which_o before_o be_v involve_v in_o darkness_n and_o then_o expose_v to_o the_o light_n which_o can_v never_o agree_v with_o mr._n whiston_n abyss_n which_o he_o make_v to_o be_v encompass_v with_o a_o dense_n and_o opake_v crust_n perfect_o impenetrable_a by_o the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n it_o appear_v therefore_o that_o this_o darkness_n mention_v in_o the_o scripture_n must_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v somewhere_o else_o than_o on_o the_o surface_n of_o a_o dense_n and_o heavy_a fluid_a that_o surround_v the_o central_a solid_a it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o conceive_v how_o these_o earthy_a watery_a and_o airy_a particle_n shall_v fall_v so_o thick_a and_o fast_o on_o one_o another_o as_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o intercept_v all_o the_o light_n which_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o quite_o darken_v the_o atmosphere_n without_o suffer_v the_o least_o glimmer_a of_o light_a to_o pass_v through_o they_o for_o as_o mr._n whiston_n observe_v the_o heat_n of_o a_o comet_n when_o it_o pass_v its_o perihelion_n be_v so_o excessive_o great_a as_o to_o last_v many_o thousand_o year_n and_o we_o can_v doubt_v but_o that_o great_a commotion_n and_o confusion_n which_o be_v raise_v by_o this_o heat_n must_v last_v proportional_o and_o as_o the_o heat_n do_v gradual_o decrease_v so_o must_v the_o commotion_n in_o the_o atmosphere_n decrease_v proportional_o by_o which_o the_o most_o solid_a and_o heavy_a body_n will_v soon_o fall_v down_o and_o one_o will_v think_v that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v the_o work_n of_o one_o or_o two_o year_n but_o it_o will_v require_v some_o thousand_o of_o year_n after_o the_o solid_a body_n first_o begin_v to_o fall_v before_o the_o atmosphere_n can_v settle_v itself_o into_o a_o regular_a and_o uniform_a body_n and_o therefore_o since_o all_o these_o diaphanous_a and_o solid_a body_n which_o compose_v the_o outward_a crust_n fall_v so_o slow_o and_o by_o degree_n on_o the_o abyss_n and_o since_o at_o the_o time_n they_o be_v all_o there_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o darken_v the_o atmosphere_n i_o think_v that_o by_o their_o slow_a and_o gradual_a descent_n they_o will_v not_o fall_v so_o thick_a upon_o one_o another_o but_o that_o the_o comet_n atmosphere_n will_v still_o be_v penetrate_v and_o illuminate_v by_o the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o if_o i_o shall_v grant_v to_o mr._n whiston_n that_o there_o be_v such_o dark_a and_o thick_a cloud_n in_o the_o atmosphere_n of_o the_o comet_n as_o be_v sufficient_a to_o intercept_v all_o the_o light_n that_o shall_v be_v derive_v to_o it_o from_o the_o sun_n yet_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o central_a solid_a of_o a_o comet_n be_v a_o body_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o near_a approach_n to_o the_o sun_n be_v scorch_v and_o burn_v by_o very_a intense_a heat_n and_o that_o all_o solid_a and_o hard_a body_n when_o they_o be_v heat_v to_o any_o considerable_a degree_n be_v clear_a and_o luminous_a we_o must_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o proper_a and_o native_a light_n of_o comet_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o be_v very_o considerable_a and_o therefore_o upon_o this_o single_a account_n of_o a_o comet_n proper_a light_n it_o can_v be_v such_o a_o dark_a and_o obscure_a body_n as_o that_o chaos_n be_v from_o which_o the_o world_n have_v its_o origination_n since_o then_o the_o atmosphere_n of_o comet_n be_v clear_a and_o pellucid_a luminous_a body_n through_o which_o we_o can_v distinct_o view_v their_o central_a solid_n and_o since_o the_o chaos_n out_o of_o which_o the_o world_n be_v make_v from_o its_o very_a original_a be_v a_o dark_a and_o confuse_a heap_n of_o body_n without_o the_o least_o glimmering_n of_o light_n which_o be_v not_o create_v till_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o hexaëmeron_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o this_o chaos_n can_v never_o be_v the_o atmosphere_n of_o a_o comet_n and_o therefore_o mr._n whiston_n first_o hypothesis_n be_v but_o ill_o ground_v it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o these_o solid_n which_o compose_v our_o upper_a stratum_n consist_v of_o stone_n sand_n and_o gravel_n and_o that_o they_o when_o they_o be_v once_o heat_v to_o any_o considerable_a degree_n be_v necessary_o melt_v and_o turn_v into_o glass_n now_o if_o they_o have_v ever_o exi_v in_o the_o atmosphere_n of_o a_o comet_n when_o it_o be_v near_o the_o sun_n they_o must_v have_v sustain_v a_o degree_n of_o heat_n some_o hundred_o of_o time_n great_a than_o the_o heat_n of_o red_a hot_a iron_n and_o consequent_o they_o must_v have_v be_v melt_v and_o during_o the_o time_n of_o their_o immense_a heat_n they_o will_v have_v compose_v a_o fluid_a which_o afterward_o when_o the_o comet_n be_v cool_v will_v appear_v in_o the_o form_n of_o glass_n by_o which_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o those_o body_n never_o be_v in_o the_o atmosphere_n of_o a_o comet_n for_o otherwise_o they_o can_v never_o have_v appear_v to_o we_o in_o the_o form_n they_o be_v in_o at_o present_a mr._n whiston_n assert_n that_o there_o be_v very_o many_o and_o very_o considerable_a phaenomena_n of_o nature_n which_o require_v a_o central_a force_n or_o internal_a heat_n diffuse_v warm_a steam_n every_o way_n from_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o circumference_n and_o especial_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v please_v with_o dr._n woodward_n method_n of_o raise_v vapour_n through_o the_o earth_n to_o furnish_v the_o river_n with_o water_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o central_a fire_n which_o he_o think_v be_v easy_o account_v for_o by_o suppose_v the_o interior_a solid_a of_o the_o earth_n to_o have_v be_v the_o nucleus_n of_o a_o comet_n that_o once_o in_o its_o approach_n to_o the_o sun_n have_v acquire_v a_o immense_a heat_n which_o it_o do_v still_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n preserve_v but_o this_o opinion_n though_o it_o have_v be_v maintain_v by_o a_o great_a many_o learned_a man_n seem_v to_o be_v very_o improbable_a for_o if_o i_o shall_v suppose_v that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o central_a fire_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o it_o can_v ever_o diffuse_v itself_o and_o penetrate_v the_o exterior_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n we_o know_v by_o experience_n that_o if_o a_o stone_n wall_n of_o four_o or_o five_o foot_n thickness_n be_v heat_v red_a hot_a upon_o one_o side_n that_o the_o other_o continue_v as_o cold_a as_o before_o without_o be_v sensible_o affect_v with_o the_o heat_n which_o be_v intense_a on_o the_o opposite_a side_n since_o than_o we_o see_v that_o a_o intense_a heat_n be_v not_o able_a to_o penetrate_v through_o a_o stone_n wall_n how_o can_v we_o suppose_v that_o it_o shall_v diffuse_v itself_o through_o a_o dense_n and_o heavy_a fluid_a a_o hard_a 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