mercury_n do_v in_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n the_o bare_a pressure_n of_o the_o little_a air_n do_v here_o to_o the_o mercury_n what_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n do_v there_o and_o such_o motion_n of_o the_o mercury_n will_v be_v make_v four_o or_o five_o subsequent_a exuction_n upon_o the_o withdraw_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o receiver_n but_o as_o these_o grow_v lesser_a and_o lesser_a as_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o include_v air_n grow_v faint_a so_o none_o of_o they_o be_v any_o thing_n near_o so_o considerable_a as_o the_o vibration_n make_v upon_o the_o first_o suck_v v._o agreeable_a hereunto_o we_o observe_v that_o at_o the_o first_o exuction_n when_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o include_v air_n be_v yet_o strong_a the_o mercury_n will_v be_v raise_v by_o our_o estimate_n above_o half_a if_o not_o ⅔_n of_o the_o whole_a height_n whereto_o it_o will_v at_o length_n be_v bring_v though_o that_o must_v be_v according_a to_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o receiver_n 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29._o inch_n and_o ½_o and_o can_v raise_v a_o cylinder_n of_o 29_o inch_n to_o 29_o ½_o or_o high_o in_o case_n that_o the_o cylinder_n be_v make_v to_o vibrate_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o tube_n and_o as_o for_o those_o experiment_n that_o will_v in_o such_o case_n as_o our_o experiment_n suggest_v have_v recourse_n only_o to_o that_o which_o they_o call_v the_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la they_o may_v please_v also_o to_o consider_v that_o since_o the_o quicksilver_n remain_v the_o same_o its_o ascension_n in_o the_o tube_n will_v not_o be_v available_a for_o what_o they_o think_v to_o be_v nature_n purpose_n for_o whether_o it_o reach_v high_a or_o low_a in_o the_o tube_n it_o will_v adaequate_o fill_v no_o more_o space_n in_o one_o posture_n or_o in_o one_o figure_n then_o in_o another_o in_o what_o part_n soever_o of_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o receiver_n it_o be_v place_v experiment_n ii_o show_v that_o much_o include_v air_n raise_v mercury_n in_o a_o open_a tube_n no_o high_a 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in_o one_o of_o my_o publish_v experiment_n xxxvi_o i_o long_o since_o tell_v your_o lordship_n that_o when_o i_o endeavour_v by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o seal_a bubble_n weigh_v in_o a_o exhaust_a receiver_n to_o compare_v the_o gravity_n of_o air_n and_o water_n i_o be_v hinder_v by_o the_o casual_a break_n of_o the_o glass_n from_o complete_n the_o experiment_n wherefore_o i_o afterward_o think_v fit_a to_o repeat_v the_o trial_n and_o though_o when_o i_o have_v do_v so_o twice_o or_o thrice_o have_v give_v away_o the_o large_a receiver_n i_o have_v make_v use_n of_o about_o they_o and_o not_o be_v able_a ever_o since_o to_o procure_v a_o good_a one_o that_o be_v capacious_a enough_o for_o the_o tender_a scale_n i_o think_v so_o nice_a a_o experiment_n require_v i_o do_v not_o prosecute_v that_o attempt_v so_o far_o as_o i_o intend_v yet_o this_o very_a difficulty_n i_o meet_v with_o to_o procure_v the_o requisite_n of_o make_v the_o trial_n invite_v i_o to_o subjoin_v the_o two_o 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time_n heavy_a but_o it_o be_v so_o desirable_a a_o thing_n and_o may_v prove_v of_o such_o importance_n to_o know_v the_o proportion_n in_o weight_n betwixt_o air_n and_o water_n that_o i_o shall_v not_o scruple_n to_o acquaint_v your_o lordship_n with_o a_o attempt_n or_o two_o that_o i_o make_v to_o discover_v it_o by_o another_o way_n for_o though_o at_o first_o sight_n this_o experiment_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o one_o publish_v a_o pretty_a while_n ago_o in_o the_o learned_a schottus_n his_o mechanica_fw-la hydraulico_fw-la pneumatica_fw-la yet_o your_o lordship_n will_v easy_o perceive_v this_o difference_n between_o they_o that_o whereas_o the_o industrious_a author_n of_o that_o experiment_n content_v himself_o to_o show_v by_o the_o diminution_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o glass_n when_o the_o air_n have_v be_v draw_v out_o of_o it_o that_o the_o air_n before_o it_o be_v draw_v out_o be_v not_o devoid_a of_o gravity_n the_o follow_a trial_n do_v not_o only_o perform_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o by_o a_o superadded_a circumstance_n confirm_v the_o truth_n to_o be_v thereby_o prove_v but_o it_o endeavour_v also_o to_o show_v the_o proportion_n in_o gravity_n betwixt_o the_o air_n and_o water_n the_o trial_n themselves_o be_v register_v among_o my_o adversaria_fw-la as_o follows_z a_o small_a receiver_n be_v exhaust_v of_o air_n by_o the_o engine_n and_o counterpoise_v whilst_o it_o continue_v so_o the_o stop-cock_n be_v turn_v and_o the_o air_n readmit_v which_o make_v it_o weigh_v 36_o grain_n more_o than_o it_o do_v before_o and_o to_o prevent_v jealousy_n we_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v apply_v the_o second_o time_n to_o the_o engine_n by_o which_o the_o air_n be_v empty_v once_o more_o the_o glass_n be_v put_v into_o the_o other_o scale_n of_o the_o former_a balance_n and_o so_o counterpoise_v and_o then_o the_o external_n air_n be_v readmit_v which_o rush_v in_o as_o former_o with_o a_o whistle_a noise_n there_o be_v find_v 36_o grain_n or_o better_a requisite_a to_o restore_v the_o balance_n to_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la we_o take_v a_o small_a glass_n receiver_n fit_v with_o a_o stopcock_n and_o have_v exhaust_v it_o of_o the_o air_n and_o counterpoise_v it_o and_o let_v in_o the_o outward_a air_n we_o find_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o vessel_n to_o be_v increase_v by_o that_o admission_n 36_o grain_n this_o do_v we_o take_v the_o receiver_n after_o have_v well_o counterpoise_v it_o out_o of_o the_o scale_n and_o have_v apply_v it_o the_o second_o time_n to_o the_o engine_n we_o once_o more_o withdraw_v the_o air_n and_o then_o turn_v the_o stop-cock_n to_o keep_v out_o the_o external_a air_n we_o take_v care_n that_o none_o of_o the_o cement_n employ_v to_o join_v it_o to_o the_o engine_n shall_v stick_v to_o it_o as_o we_o have_v diligent_o free_v it_o from_o adherent_a cement_n before_o we_o last_o apply_v it_o to_o the_o engine_n then_o weigh_v it_o again_o we_o find_v it_o to_o weigh_v either_o 35_o or_o 36_o grain_n but_o rather_o the_o former_a heavy_a than_o it_o do_v when_o it_o be_v last_o counterpoise_v in_o the_o same_o balance_n this_o be_v also_o do_v we_o immerse_v the_o stop-cock_n into_o a_o basin_n of_o fair_a water_n and_o let_v in_o the_o liquor_n that_o we_o may_v find_v how_o much_o water_n will_v succeed_v in_o place_n of_o the_o air_n we_o have_v draw_v out_o when_o no_o more_o water_n be_v impel_v in_o we_o turn_v the_o stop-cock_n once_o more_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o fall_v out_o and_o then_o weigh_v it_o in_o the_o same_o scale_n after_o we_o have_v wipe_v the_o stop-cock_n that_o no_o water_n may_v stick_v to_o it_o on_o the_o outside_n we_o find_v the_o water_n without_o compute_v the_o vessel_n to_o weigh_v 47_o ounce_n 3_o drachm_n and_o 6_o grain_n which_o divide_v by_o 35_o grain_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n that_o be_v equal_a in_o bulk_n to_o this_o water_n that_o succeed_v it_o the_o quotient_a be_v want_v a_o very_a 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which_o argue_v that_o they_o do_v not_o stick_v close_o to_o one_o another_o except_o in_o some_o few_o place_n but_o have_v a_o thin_a cavity_n intercept_v between_o they_o through_o which_o the_o water_n may_v ascend_v nor_o be_v it_o repugnant_a to_o this_o explication_n that_o in_o case_n the_o water_n ascend_v it_o shall_v as_o it_o seem_v dissolve_v the_o salt_n for_o the_o liquor_n be_v already_o upon_o the_o point_n of_o concretion_n be_v so_o glut_v with_o salt_n that_o it_o can_v dissolve_v no_o more_o whence_o we_o may_v also_o render_v a_o reason_n why_o when_o the_o saline_n film_n chance_v to_o reach_v to_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o glass_n the_o liquor_n divers_a time_n do_v not_o run_v down_o to_o the_o bottom_n but_o be_v coagulate_v by_o the_o way_n and_o i_o have_v also_o have_v a_o suspicion_n though_o i_o can_v not_o seasonable_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o before_o now_o that_o when_o the_o concretion_n be_v once_o begin_v the_o film_n may_v be_v raise_v and_o 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in_o to_o the_o barrel_n be_v not_o apt_a to_o be_v break_v off_o and_o may_v be_v more_o easy_o mend_v if_o any_o thing_n happen_v to_o be_v out_o of_o order_n which_o the_o engine_n be_v the_o most_o liable_a to_o be_v in_o or_o about_o the_o pipe_n partly_o because_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o though_o but_o very_o rare_o if_o due_a care_n be_v but_o take_v that_o the_o air_n will_v insinuate_v itself_o between_o the_o wooden_a board_n and_o the_o iron-plate_n and_o so_o get_v up_o where_o the_o pipe_n bend_v upward_o into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o receiver_n and_o partly_o because_o the_o pipe_n be_v for_o a_o just_a reason_n make_v but_o slender_a and_o the_o part_n of_o it_o that_o look_v upward_o very_o short_a it_o happen_v not_o very_o unfrequent_o that_o when_o we_o employ_v receiver_n with_o narrow_a orifice_n where_o the_o cement_n must_v lie_v close_o to_o the_o open_n of_o the_o pipe_n it_o happen_v i_o say_v that_o the_o cement_n especial_o if_o it_o be_v much_o soften_v 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fence_v against_o the_o ingress_n of_o the_o air_n several_a experiment_n can_v so_o convenient_o be_v try_v in_o this_o sort_n of_o receiver_n but_o because_o that_o though_o this_o second_o form_n of_o our_o engine_n have_v as_o to_o several_a purpose_n its_o peculiar_a convenience_n and_o advantage_n yet_o some_o virtuoso_n may_v be_v furnish_v with_o the_o other_o already_o and_o some_o may_v conceive_v it_o the_o more_o clear_o of_o the_o two_o or_o may_v judge_v it_o preferable_a for_o their_o particular_a design_n i_o shall_v here_o intimate_v that_o for_o most_o of_o the_o experiment_n if_o not_o all_o that_o follow_v in_o this_o treatise_n they_o may_v make_v use_n of_o or_o at_o least_o make_v a_o shift_n with_o the_o first_o engine_n with_o a_o very_a few_o alteration_n whereof_o the_o chief_a be_v to_o be_v this_o that_o to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o great_a cylinder_n on_o the_o side_n opposite_a to_o the_o iron-rack_n there_o be_v to_o be_v fasten_v such_o a_o 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be_v a_o thing_n of_o no_o small_a moment_n in_o make_v the_o follow_a experiment_n of_o which_o we_o employ_v differ_v composition_n for_o differ_v purpose_n some_o of_o which_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o be_v mention_v in_o that_o part_n of_o this_o work_n that_o now_o come_v forth_o but_o that_o which_o in_o almost_o all_o the_o follow_a trial_n we_o chief_o make_v use_v of_o be_v a_o well_o wrought_v mixture_n of_o yellow_a bee_n wax_v and_o turpentine_n which_o composition_n as_o it_o serve_v better_a than_o most_o other_o to_o keep_v out_o the_o air_n so_o it_o have_v the_o conveniency_n which_o be_v no_o small_a one_o of_o seldom_o need_v to_o be_v heat_v and_o seldomer_n to_o be_v much_o so_o especial_o if_o we_o employ_v a_o little_a more_o turpentine_n in_o winter_n than_o in_o summer_n in_o the_o former_a of_o which_o season_n as_o much_o or_o very_o near_o as_o much_o of_o that_o ingredient_n as_o of_o the_o wax_n do_v well_o for_o as_o in_o summer_n a_o mixture_n of_o three_o part_n of_o wax_n to_o about_o two_o of_o turpentine_n be_v more_o proper_a errata_fw-la by_o a_o oversight_n a_o short_a paragraph_n be_v omit_v in_o the_o 14._o page_n import_v that_o the_o second_o figure_n of_o the_o four_o plate_n be_v design_v only_o to_o make_v some_o representation_n of_o the_o difference_n that_o will_v appear_v if_o instead_o of_o make_v the_o 4._o experiment_n with_o water_n as_o in_o the_o forego_n figure_n the_o trial_n be_v make_v with_o quicksilver_n so_o like_o wise_a in_o pag._n 104._o lin_v 4._o and_o 8._o for_o 14_o of_o the_o 12_o book_n read_v 14_o of_o the_o 11._o pag._n ib._n l._n 9_o read_v cylinder_n of_o equal_a height_n be_v to_o one_o another_o as_o their_o base_n the_o reader_n be_v desire_v to_o perfect_a with_o his_o pen_n the_o marginal_a note_n refer_v to_o the_o plate_n as_o be_v defective_a and_o also_o to_o insert_v such_o other_o as_o be_v whole_o omit_v according_a to_o the_o follow_a direction_n which_o can_v not_o 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pressure_n of_o the_o include_v air_n may_v be_v able_a to_o sustain_v the_o mercury_n at_o the_o same_o height_n in_o slenderer_n and_o in_o large_a tube_n though_o in_o the_o latter_a it_o must_v sustain_v a_o far_o great_a weight_n of_o mercury_n than_o in_o the_o former_a provide_v allowance_n be_v make_v for_o the_o weaken_n which_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o include_v air_n must_v be_v subject_a to_o by_o reason_n that_o to_o succeed_v in_o the_o place_n of_o a_o large_a cylinder_n of_o mercury_n impel_v up_o into_o the_o great_a tube_n it_o must_v expand_v itself_o more_o and_o consequent_o have_v its_o spring_n more_o weaken_v than_o if_o the_o tube_n be_v slender_a to_o prosecute_v this_o experiment_n i_o think_v on_o a_o peculiar_a shape_n of_o vessel_n which_o if_o i_o have_v be_v where_o there_o be_v a_o glass-house_n i_o will_v have_v cause_v to_o be_v blow_v for_o the_o more_o convenient_a try_v of_o two_o pipe_n of_o different_a bore_n at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o 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weight_n will_v have_v the_o same_o proportion_n with_o their_o solidity_n and_o consequent_o will_v be_v as_o one_o to_o four_o make_v the_o abatement_n former_o intimate_v for_o the_o inch_n and_o a_o little_a more_o of_o mercury_n by_o which_o the_o large_a cylinder_n come_n short_a of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o former_a nb._n 1_o this_o and_o the_o two_o former_a experiment_n try_v by_o we_o with_o quicksilver_n may_v be_v also_o try_v with_o water_n but_o beside_o that_o we_o can_v hardly_o procure_v tube_n long_o enough_o for_o such_o trial_n we_o be_v not_o very_o solicitous_a about_o it_o for_o if_o we_o attentive_o enough_o consider_v what_o have_v be_v already_o deliver_v and_o the_o proportion_n in_o specific_a gravity_n betwixt_o water_n and_o quicksilver_n whereof_o the_o latter_a be_v near_o 14._o time_n as_o heavy_a bulk_n for_o bulk_n as_o the_o former_a it_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a to_o foresee_v the_o event_n of_o such_o experiment_n which_o he_o that_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o make_v shall_v be_v furnish_v not_o only_o with_o long_a tube_n but_o with_o capacious_a vessel_n to_o shut_v up_o the_o air_n in_o else_o the_o air_n will_v be_v so_o far_o expanded_a before_o the_o water_n have_v attain_v near_o the_o height_n to_o which_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n may_v raise_v it_o that_o the_o experiment_n will_v not_o seem_v to_o succeed_v near_o so_o well_o with_o water_n as_o we_o do_v with_o quicksilver_n 2._o we_o think_v it_o worth_a try_v whether_o when_o the_o include_v air_n have_v raise_v the_o great_a cylinder_n of_o mercury_n to_o the_o utmost_a height_n it_o can_v elevate_v it_o to_o by_o the_o spring_n it_o then_o have_v it_o will_v not_o be_v bring_v to_o raise_v the_o quicksilver_n yet_o high_o if_o notwithstanding_o the_o expansion_n it_o have_v already_o there_o be_v a_o agitation_n make_v by_o the_o heat_a corpuscle_n of_o the_o same_o air._n and_o in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o curiosity_n have_v cause_v a_o hot_a 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heat_n to_o hazard_v the_o break_n of_o my_o glass_n in_o the_o place_n i_o then_o be_v in_o where_o such_o a_o mischance_n can_v scarce_o have_v be_v repair_v experiment_n iu._n about_o a_o new_a hydraulo-pneumatical_a fountain_n make_v by_o the_o spring_n of_o uncompressed_a air._n i_o shall_v now_o add_v such_o a_o application_n of_o the_o principle_n whereon_o the_o former_a experiment_n be_v ground_v as_o i_o shall_v scarce_o think_v worth_a mention_v in_o this_o place_n be_v it_o not_o that_o beside_o that_o divers_a virtuoso_n seem_v not_o a_o little_a delight_v with_o it_o it_o may_v for_o aught_o i_o know_v prove_v to_o be_v of_o some_o philosophical_a use_n to_o be_v point_v at_o hereafter_o we_o take_v a_o glass-bottle_n with_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o water_n in_o it_o and_o fit_v this_o bottle_n with_o a_o slender_a glass-pipe_n open_a at_o both_o end_n and_o about_o three_o foot_n long_o which_o be_v so_o place_v that_o the_o low_a orifice_n be_v a_o good_a way_n 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to_o one_o another_o and_o because_o this_o receiver_n be_v not_o nor_o aught_o to_o be_v long_a enough_o to_o receive_v the_o whole_a pipe_n there_o be_v cement_v on_o to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o a_o small_a receiver_n of_o white_a glass_n of_o such_o a_o length_n and_o bigness_n that_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o pipe_n may_v reach_v to_o the_o middle_n of_o its_o cavity_n or_o thereabouts_o and_o that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o spring_a water_n may_v have_v a_o convenient_a scope_n and_o so_o be_v the_o better_o take_v notice_n of_o this_o double_a receiver_n be_v cement_v on_o to_o the_o engine_n a_o little_a of_o the_o air_n be_v by_o one_o suck_v of_o the_o pump_n draw_v out_o from_o it_o by_o which_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o remain_a air_n be_v weaken_v it_o be_v necessary_a that_o since_o the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o bottle_n have_v not_o its_o spring_n likewise_o weaken_v it_o shall_v expand_v itself_o and_o consequent_o impel_v up_o the_o water_n in_o the_o same_o bottle_n through_o the_o pipe_n which_o it_o do_v so_o vigorous_o as_o to_o make_v it_o strike_v brisk_o at_o first_o against_o that_o part_n of_o the_o top_n of_o the_o small_a receiver_n which_o be_v just_a over_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o pipe_n but_o after_o it_o have_v a_o while_n make_v the_o water_n thus_o shoot_v up_o in_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n as_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o bottle_n grow_v by_o that_o air_n dilatation_n to_o be_v weaken_a the_o water_n will_v be_v impel_v up_o less_o strong_o and_o less_o direct_o till_o the_o air_n in_o the_o bottle_n be_v as_o much_o expanded_a as_o that_o in_o the_o receiver_n the_o ascent_n of_o the_o water_n will_v quite_o cease_v unless_o by_o pump_v a_o little_a more_o air_n out_o of_o the_o receiver_n we_o renew_v it_o again_o about_o the_o make_n of_o this_o experiment_n these_o particular_n may_v be_v note_v 1._o it_o be_v convenient_a that_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o pipe_n be_v make_v as_o it_o 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short_a a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n as_o exceed_v not_o the_o length_n of_o our_o glass_n pipe_n can_v not_o make_v any_o considerable_a resistance_n to_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o include_v air_n it_o be_v think_v and_o find_v safe_a enough_o to_o employ_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o strong_a glass-bottle_n a_o much_o large_a viol_n without_o be_v solicitous_a about_o its_o shape_n or_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v very_o strong_a and_o by_o this_o mean_v we_o can_v make_v this_o pleasant_a spectacle_n last_o a_o great_a while_n especial_o if_o we_o also_o make_v use_n of_o the_o expedient_a to_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o follow_a note_n 4._o if_o you_o find_v that_o the_o include_v air_n have_v by_o expand_v itself_o too_o much_o weaken_a its_o spring_n whilst_o there_o yet_o remain_v with_o it_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o water_n in_o the_o bottle_n or_o viol_n you_o may_v reinforce_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n by_o only_o turn_v the_o stop-cock_n and_o let_v in_o what_o air_n you_o 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air_n but_o a_o considerable_a time_n after_o which_o it_o seem_v be_v requisite_a to_o allow_v the_o compress_a part_n of_o the_o glass_n time_n to_o change_v their_o place_n and_o this_o phaenomenon_n i_o therefore_o mention_n because_o the_o same_o thing_n that_o here_o happen_v in_o the_o break_n a_o glass_n inward_o by_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o air_n i_o elsewhere_o observe_v to_o have_v happen_v in_o break_v a_o glass_n outward_o by_o the_o same_o spring_n 3._o to_o confirm_v that_o it_o be_v the_o spring_n of_o the_o external_n receiver_n air_n that_o be_v the_o agent_n in_o those_o fracture_n of_o glass_n and_o to_o prevent_v or_o remove_v some_o scruple_n we_o think_v fit_a to_o make_v this_o variation_n in_o the_o experiment_n we_o apply_v a_o plate_n of_o glass_n just_a like_o those_o former_o mention_v to_o the_o brass-hoop_n but_o in_o the_o cement_n of_o it_o on_o we_o place_v in_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o cement_n a_o small_a pipe_n of_o glass_n of_o about_o a_o inch_n long_o who_o cavity_n be_v not_o so_o big_a as_o that_o of_o a_o straw_n and_o which_o be_v leave_v open_a at_o both_o the_o end_n may_v serve_v for_o a_o little_a channel_n through_o which_o the_o air_n may_v pass_v from_o the_o external_n receiver_n to_o the_o internal_a over_o this_o we_o whelm_v one_o of_o the_o small_a receiver_n above_o mention_v &_o then_o though_o we_o set_v the_o pump_n on_o work_n much_o long_o than_o will_v have_v need_v if_o this_o little_a pipe_n have_v not_o be_v make_v use_n of_o we_o find_v as_o we_o expect_v that_o the_o internal_a receiver_n continue_v entire_a because_o the_o air_n who_o spring_n shall_v have_v break_v it_o have_v liberty_n to_o pass_v through_o the_o pipe_n and_o consequent_o to_o expand_v itself_o
above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o stagnant_a quicksilver_n we_o find_v it_o to_o be_v almost_o 3_o inch_n so_o that_o the_o water_n be_v about_o 14_o time_n as_o high_a as_o the_o quicksilver_n and_o to_o prosecute_v the_o experiment_n a_o little_a further_o we_o very_o wary_o let_v in_o a_o little_a air_n to_o the_o exhaust_v syphon_n and_o have_v the_o pleasure_n to_o see_v the_o two_o liquor_n proportionable_o descend_v till_o turn_v the_o stop-cock_n when_o the_o water_n be_v about_o 14_o inch_n high_a we_o thereby_o keep_v they_o from_o sink_v any_o low_a till_o we_o have_v measure_v the_o height_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n which_o we_o find_v to_o be_v about_o one_o inch_n we_o try_v also_o the_o proportion_n of_o these_o two_o liquor_n at_o other_o height_n but_o can_v not_o easy_o measure_v they_o so_o well_o as_o we_o do_v at_o those_o new_o mention_v and_o therefore_o though_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o slight_a variation_n yet_o we_o look_v upon_o it_o but_o as_o what_o may_v be_v well_o impute_v to_o the_o difficulty_n of_o make_v such_o experiment_n exact_o and_o this_o displease_v i_o not_o in_o these_o trial_n that_o whereas_o it_o be_v observe_v and_o somewhat_o wonder_v at_o that_o the_o quicksilver_n for_o the_o most_o part_n seem_v to_o be_v somewhat_o though_o but_o a_o very_a little_a high_o than_o the_o proportion_n of_o 1_o to_o 14_o require_v i_o have_v long_o before_o by_o particular_a trial_n find_v that_o though_o 14_o and_o 1_o be_v the_o near_a of_o small_a integer_fw-la number_n that_o express_v the_o proportion_n between_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o quicksilver_n and_o water_n yet_o the_o former_a of_o those_o fluid_n or_o at_o least_o that_o which_o i_o make_v my_o trial_n with_o be_v not_o quite_o so_o heavy_a as_o this_o proportion_n suppose_v though_o i_o shall_v not_o here_o stay_v to_o determine_v precise_o the_o difference_n have_v do_v it_o in_o another_o tract_n where_o the_o method_n i_o employ_v in_o the_o investigation_n of_o it_o be_v also_o set_v down_o the_o above_o mention_a experiment_n make_v by_o the_o help_n of_o our_o engine_n as_o to_o quicksilver_n and_o water_n be_v confirmable_a by_o trial_n to_o be_v by_o and-by_a mention_v make_v in_o other_o liquor_n afford_v our_o hypothesis_n two_o considerable_a advantage_n above_o the_o vulgar_a doctrine_n of_o the_o school_n for_o i_o do_v not_o apply_v what_o follow_v to_o all_o the_o plenist_n who_o ascribe_v the_o ascension_n of_o liquor_n by_o suction_n to_o a_o traction_n make_v ob_fw-la fugam_fw-la vacui_fw-la as_o they_o be_v wont_n to_o speak_v for_o first_o it_o be_v manifest_o agreeable_a to_o our_o doctrine_n that_o since_o the_o air_n according_a to_o it_o be_v a_o fluid_a that_o be_v not_o void_a of_o weight_n it_o shall_v raise_v those_o liquor_n that_o be_v light_a as_o water_n high_a than_o those_o that_o be_v ponderous_a as_o quicksilver_n and_o that_o answerable_o to_o the_o disparity_n of_o their_o weight_n and_o second_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o if_o the_o air_n be_v withdraw_v by_o suction_n from_o quick_a silver_n and_o water_n there_o shall_v be_v less_o leave_v a_o vacuum_n above_o the_o one_o then_o above_o the_o other_o in_o case_n either_o of_o they_o succeed_v not_o in_o the_o place_n desert_v by_o the_o air_n and_o consequent_o when_o the_o air_n be_v withdraw_v out_o of_o both_o the_o foremention_v glass-pipe_n if_o there_o will_v be_v no_o vacuum_n in_o case_n no_o liquor_n shall_v succeed_v it_o why_o do_v nature_n needless_o to_o prevent_v a_o vacuum_n make_v the_o water_n that_o be_v a_o heavy_a body_n ascend_v contrary_a to_o its_o own_o nature_n according_a to_o which_o it_o tend_v towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o if_o the_o succeed_a of_o a_o liquor_n be_v necessary_a to_o prevent_v a_o vacuum_n how_o chance_v that_o nature_n do_v not_o elevate_v the_o quicksilver_n as_o well_o as_o the_o water_n especial_o since_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o forego_n experiment_n that_o she_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v that_o ponderous_a liquor_n above_o 26_o inch_n high_o than_o she_o do_v in_o the_o experiment_n we_o be_v now_o discourse_v of_o perhaps_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o take_v notice_n on_o this_o occasion_n that_o among_o other_o application_n of_o this_o experiment_n it_o may_v be_v make_v somewhat_o useful_a to_o estimate_v the_o differ_a gravity_n of_o liquor_n to_o w_z ch_z purpose_n i_o cause_v to_o be_v put_v under_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o forementioned_a glass_n pipe_n two_o vessel_n the_o one_o with_o fresh_a water_n &_o the_o other_o with_o the_o like_a water_n impregnate_v with_o a_o good_a proportion_n of_o sea-salt_n that_o i_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v dissolve_v in_o it_o for_o want_v of_o sea-water_n which_o i_o will_v rather_o have_v employ_v and_o i_o find_v that_o when_o the_o fresh_a water_n be_v raise_v to_o about_o 42_o inch_n the_o saline_n solution_n have_v not_o full_o reach_v to_o 40._o but_o though_o this_o difference_n be_v double_a to_o that_o which_o the_o proportion_n and_o gravity_n betwixt_o our_o sea-water_n and_o fresh_a water_n will_v have_v require_v yet_o to_o make_v the_o disparity_n more_o evident_a and_o also_o because_o i_o will_v be_v able_a the_o better_a to_o guess_v at_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o dissolve_v salt_n by_o make_v it_o as_o great_a as_o i_o can_v i_o cause_v a_o unusual_a brine_n to_o be_v make_v by_o suffer_v sea-salt_n to_o deliquate_v in_o the_o moist_a air._n and_o have_v apply_v this_o liquor_n and_o fresh_a water_n to_o the_o two_o already_o mention_v pipe_n and_o proceed_v after_o the_o former_a manner_n we_o find_v that_o when_o the_o pure_a water_n be_v elevate_v to_o near_o 42_o inch_n the_o liquor_n of_o sea-salt_n want_v about_o 7._o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n of_o that_o height_n and_o when_o the_o water_n be_v make_v to_o subside_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o its_o pipe_n or_o thereabouts_o the_o saline_n liquor_n in_o the_o other_o pipe_n be_v between_o 3_o and_o 4_o inch_n low_a than_o it_o i_o will_v have_v try_v the_o difference_n between_o these_o liquor_n and_o oil_n but_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o wether_n be_v unfavourable_a to_o such_o a_o trial_n but_o to_o show_v a_o far_o great_a disparity_n then_o that_o will_v have_v do_v betwixt_o the_o height_n of_o liquor_n of_o unequal_a gravity_n i_o take_v fair_a water_n and_o a_o liquor_n make_v of_o the_o salt_n of_o pot-ash_n suffer_v to_o run_v in_o a_o cellar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o ponderous_a liquor_n i_o have_v prepare_v and_o have_v proceed_v as_o in_o the_o former_a trial_n i_o find_v that_o when_o the_o common_a water_n be_v about_o 42_o inch_n high_a the_o new_o mention_v solution_n want_v somewhat_o of_o 30_o inch_n and_o when_o the_o water_n be_v make_v to_o subside_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o its_o pipe_n or_o thereabouts_o the_o deliquated_a liquor_n be_v between_o 6_o and_o 7_o inch_n low_a than_o it_o i_o have_v some_o thought_n when_o i_o apply_v myself_o to_o make_v these_o trial_n to_o examine_v how_o well_o we_o can_v by_o this_o new_a way_n compare_v the_o saltness_n of_o the_o water_n of_o several_a sea_n and_o those_o also_o of_o salt-spring_n and_o likewise_o whether_o and_o if_o any_o thing_n near_o how_o far_o we_o may_v by_o this_o method_n determine_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o more_o simple_a liquor_n that_o may_v be_v mingle_v in_o compound_v one_o as_o in_o the_o mixture_n of_o water_n and_o wine_n vinegar_n and_o water_n etc._n etc._n but_o be_v not_o provide_v with_o instrument_n fit_a for_o such_o nice_a trial_n and_o a_o mischance_n have_v impair_v the_o glass_n late_o mention_v before_o the_o last_o trial_n be_v quite_o end_v and_o have_v soon_o after_o break_a one_o of_o they_o i_o lay_v aside_o those_o thought_n experiment_n xiii_o about_o the_o height_n to_o which_o water_n and_o mercury_n may_v be_v raise_v proportionable_o to_o their_o specific_a gravity_n by_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o air._n in_o prosecution_n of_o the_o parallel_n former_o begin_v betwixt_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o the_o spring_n of_o include_v air_n we_o think_v fit_a after_o the_o forego_n to_o make_v the_o follow_a experiment_n we_o take_v a_o strong_a glass-bottle_n capable_a to_o hold_v above_o a_o pint_n of_o water_n and_o have_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o lodge_v a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o mercury_n we_o pour_v on_o it_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n because_o this_o liquor_n be_v to_o be_v impel_v up_o many_o time_n high_o than_o the_o other_o and_o have_v provide_v two_o slender_a glass-pipe_n each_o open_a at_o both_o end_n we_o so_o place_v and_o fasten_v they_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o cement_n wherewith_o we_o choke_v the_o upper_a
part_n of_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bottle_n that_o the_o short_a of_o the_o pipe_n have_v its_o low_a orifice_n immerse_v beneath_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n and_o the_o long_a pipe_n reach_v not_o quite_o so_o low_a as_o that_o surface_n and_o so_o be_v immerse_v but_o in_o the_o water_n by_o which_o contrivance_n we_o avoid_v the_o necessity_n of_o have_v two_o distinct_a vessel_n for_o our_o two_o stagnant_a liquor_n which_o will_v have_v be_v inconvenient_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o slenderness_n of_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o our_o receiver_n this_o do_v we_o convey_v the_o bottle_n into_o a_o fit_o shape_a receiver_n former_o describe_v at_o the_o first_o experiment_n and_o have_v begin_v to_o pump_v out_o the_o air_n we_o take_v notice_n to_o what_o height_n the_o quicksilver_n and_o water_n be_v impel_v up_o in_o their_o respective_a tube_n on_o which_o we_o have_v before_o make_v mark_n from_o inch_n to_o inch_n with_o hard_a wax_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v remove_v by_o wet_a or_o rub_v and_o we_o observe_v that_o when_o the_o quicksilver_n be_v impel_v up_o to_o two_o inch_n the_o water_n be_v raise_v to_o about_o eight_o and_o twenty_o and_o when_o the_o quicksilver_n be_v about_o one_o inch_n high_a the_o water_n be_v about_o fourteen_o i_o say_v about_z partly_o because_o some_o allowance_n must_v be_v make_v for_o the_o sink_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o stagnant_a quicksilver_n and_o the_o great_a subsidence_n of_o that_o of_o the_o stagnant_a water_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o liquor_n impel_v into_o the_o two_o pipe_n partly_o because_o that_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o mark_n of_o wax_n be_v considerable_a when_o the_o quicksilver_n be_v but_o about_o a_o inch_n high_a and_o so_o make_v it_o difficult_a to_o discern_v the_o exact_a height_n of_o the_o metal_n when_o the_o water_n be_v fall_v down_o to_o fourteen_o inch_n especial_o in_o regard_n that_o the_o quicksilver_n never_o ascend_v so_o high_a as_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bottle_n which_o the_o water_n leave_v far_o beneath_o it_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o receiver_n and_o that_o of_o so_o strong_a a_o bottle_n make_v it_o difficult_a to_o discern_v so_o clear_o the_o station_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n as_o i_o can_v have_v wish_v experiment_n fourteen_o about_o the_o height_n answerable_a to_o their_o respective_a gravity_n to_o which_o mercury_n and_o water_n will_v subside_o upon_o the_o withdraw_n of_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o air._n for_o the_o further_a illustration_n of_o the_o doctrine_n propose_v in_o the_o last_o and_o some_o of_o the_o forego_n experiment_n about_o the_o raise_n and_o sustentation_n of_o liquor_n in_o pipe_n by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n i_o think_v it_o not_o unfit_a to_o make_v the_o follow_a trial_n though_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o foresee_v in_o this_o peculiar_a experiment_n a_o peculiar_a difficulty_n we_o cause_v then_o to_o be_v convey_v into_o a_o fit_o shape_a receiver_n two_o pipe_n of_o glass_n very_o uneven_a in_o length_n but_o each_o of_o they_o seal_v at_o one_o end_n the_o short_a tube_n be_v fill_v with_o mercury_n and_o invert_v into_o a_o small_a glass_n jar_n wherein_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o that_o liquor_n have_v be_v before_o lodge_v the_o long_a pipe_n be_v fill_v with_o common_a water_n and_o invert_v into_o a_o large_a glass_n wherein_o likewise_o a_o fit_a proportion_n of_o the_o same_o liquor_n have_v be_v put_v then_o the_o receiver_n be_v close_o cement_v on_o to_o the_o engine_n the_o air_n be_v pump_v out_o for_o a_o pretty_a while_n before_o the_o mercury_n begin_v to_o subside_o but_o when_o it_o be_v so_o far_o withdraw_v that_o its_o pressure_n be_v no_o long_o able_a to_o keep_v up_o a_o mercurial_a cylinder_n of_o that_o height_n that_o liquid_a metal_n begin_v to_o sink_v the_o water_n in_o the_o other_o tube_n though_o this_o be_v three_o time_n as_o long_o still_o retain_v its_o full_a height_n but_o when_o the_o quicksilver_n be_v fall_v so_o low_o as_o to_o be_v but_o between_o three_o &_o four_o inch_n above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o stagnant_a quicksilver_n the_o water_n also_o begin_v to_o subside_n but_o soon_o than_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o mere_a staticks_n it_o ought_v to_o have_v do_v because_o many_o aerial_a particle_n emerge_v from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o water_n to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o glass_n do_v by_o their_o spring_n concur_v with_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o water_n to_o depress_v this_o liquor_n and_o so_o when_o the_o quicksilver_n be_v three_o inch_n above_o the_o stagnant_a mercury_n the_o water_n in_o the_o other_o pipe_n be_v fall_v divers_a inch_n beneath_o 42_o and_o several_a inch_n beneath_o 28_o when_o the_o mercury_n have_v subside_v a_o inch_n low_o but_o this_o be_v no_o more_o than_o be_v to_o be_v expect_v after_o we_o have_v cause_v the_o pump_v to_o be_v a_o while_n continue_v to_o free_v the_o water_n the_o better_a from_o the_o latitant_fw-la air_n we_o let_v in_o the_o external_a air_n and_o have_v thereby_o impel_v up_o again_o both_o the_o liquor_n into_o their_o pipe_n and_o remove_v the_o receiver_n we_o take_v out_o those_o pipe_n and_o invert_v each_o of_o they_o again_o to_o let_v out_o the_o air_n for_o even_o that_o which_o hold_v the_o quicksilver_n have_v get_v a_o small_a bubble_n though_o inconsiderable_a in_o comparison_n of_o the_o air_n that_o have_v get_v up_o out_o of_o the_o water_n we_o fill_v each_o of_o they_o with_o a_o little_a of_o the_o restagnant_fw-la liquor_n belong_v to_o it_o and_o invert_v each_o tube_n once_o more_o into_o its_o proper_a liquor_n we_o repeat_v the_o experiment_n and_o find_v it_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o require_v more_o pump_v then_o before_o to_o make_v the_o liquor_n begin_v to_o subside_o so_o that_o when_o the_o mercury_n be_v fall_v to_o three_o inch_n or_o two_o or_o one_o the_o water_n subside_v so_o near_o to_o the_o height_n of_o 42_o 28_o or_o 14_o inch_n that_o we_o see_v no_o sufficient_a cause_n to_o hinder_v we_o from_o suppose_v that_o the_o little_a difference_n that_o appear_v between_o the_o several_a height_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n and_o fourteen_o time_n as_o great_a height_n of_o the_o water_n which_o fall_v somewhat_o low_o than_o its_o proportion_n in_o gravity_n require_v proceed_v from_o some_o aerial_a corpuscle_n yet_o remain_v in_o spite_n of_o all_o we_o have_v do_v in_o the_o water_n and_o by_o their_o spring_n though_o but_o faint_a when_o once_o they_o have_v emerge_v to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o glass_n further_a a_o little_a the_o depression_n of_o it_o not_o now_o to_o mention_v lesser_a circumstance_n particular_o that_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o stagnant_a water_n do_v not_o inconsiderable_o rise_v by_o the_o accession_n of_o the_o water_n late_o in_o the_o pipe_n whereby_o the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n raise_v above_o that_o surface_n become_v by_o so_o much_o the_o short_a however_o your_o lordship_n may_v if_o you_o think_v fit_a cause_v the_o experiment_n to_o be_v reiterated_a which_o i_o can_v not_o so_o well_o do_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o mischance_n that_o befall_v the_o receiver_n experiment_n xv._n about_o the_o great_a height_n to_o which_o water_n can_v be_v raise_v by_o attraction_n or_o suck_v pump_n since_o the_o make_n and_o the_o write_n of_o the_o forego_n experiment_n have_v meet_v with_o a_o opportunity_n to_o borrow_v a_o place_n somewhat_o convenient_a to_o make_v a_o trial_n to_o what_o height_n water_n may_v be_v raise_v by_o pump_v i_o think_v not_o fit_a to_o neglect_v it_o for_o though_o both_o by_o the_o consideration_n of_o our_o hypothesis_n to_o who_o truth_n so_o many_o phaenomena_n bear_v witness_n and_o though_o particular_o by_o the_o consequence_n deduceable_a from_o the_o three_o last_v recite_v experiment_n i_o be_v keep_v from_o doubt_v what_o the_o event_n will_v be_v yet_o i_o think_v it_o worth_a while_n to_o make_v the_o trial_n i_o know_v what_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v the_o complaint_n of_o some_o pump-maker_n but_o i_o confess_v the_o phaenomenon_n it_o be_v ground_v on_o seem_v not_o to_o i_o to_o be_v certain_o enough_o deliver_v by_o a_o writer_n or_o two_o that_o mention_n what_o they_o complain_v of_o and_o their_o observation_n seem_v not_o to_o have_v be_v make_v determinate_o or_o careful_o enough_o for_o a_o matter_n of_o this_o moment_n since_o that_o which_o they_o complain_v of_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v in_o general_a that_o they_o can_v not_o by_o pump_v raise_v water_n to_o what_o height_n they_o please_v as_o the_o common_a opinion_n of_o philosopher_n about_o nature_n fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la make_v they_o expect_v they_o may_v and_o it_o may_v well_o have_v happen_v that_o as_o they_o endeavour_v only_o to_o raise_v it_o to_o the_o height_n their_o
occasion_n require_v so_o all_o that_o their_o disappointment_n manifest_v be_v that_o they_o can_v not_o raise_v it_o to_o that_o particular_a height_n which_o do_v not_o determine_v whether_o if_o the_o pump_n have_v be_v a_o foot_n or_o a_o yard_n short_a the_o water_n will_v then_o have_v be_v elevate_v to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o or_o no_o but_o that_o which_o i_o chief_o consider_v be_v that_o these_o be_v but_o tradesman_n that_o do_v not_o work_v according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o or_o with_o design_n to_o satisfy_v a_o philosophical_a curiosity_n we_o may_v just_o suspect_v that_o their_o pump_n be_v not_o sufficient_o staunch_v nor_o the_o operation_n critical_o enough_o perform_v and_o take_v notice_n of_o wherefore_o partly_o because_o a_o trial_n of_o such_o moment_n seem_v not_o to_o have_v yet_o be_v due_o make_v by_o any_o and_o partly_o because_o the_o vary_a weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v not_o that_o appear_v know_v nor_o consequent_o take_v into_o consideration_n by_o the_o ingenious_a mounseur_fw-fr paschal_n in_o his_o famous_a experiment_n which_o yet_o be_v but_o analogous_a to_o this_o and_o partly_o because_o some_o very_a late_a as_o well_o as_o learned_a writer_n have_v not_o acquiesce_v in_o his_o experiment_n but_o do_v adhere_v to_o the_o old_a doctrine_n of_o the_o school_n which_o will_v have_v water_n raiseable_a in_o pump_n to_o any_o height_n ob_fw-la fugam_fw-la vacut_fw-la as_o they_o speak_v i_o think_v fit_a to_o make_v the_o best_a shift_n i_o can_v to_o make_v the_o trial_n of_o which_o i_o now_o proceed_v to_o give_v your_o lordship_n a_o account_n the_o place_n i_o borrow_v for_o this_o purpose_n be_v a_o flat_a roof_n about_o 30_o foot_n high_a from_o the_o ground_n and_o with_o rail_n along_o the_o edge_n of_o it_o the_o tube_n we_o make_v use_v of_o shall_v have_v be_v of_o glass_n if_o we_o can_v have_v procure_v one_o long_o and_o strong_a enough_o but_o that_o be_v exceed_o difficult_a especial_o for_o i_o who_o be_v not_o near_o a_o glass-house_n we_o be_v fain_o to_o cause_v a_o tin-man_n to_o make_v several_a pipe_n of_o above_o a_o inch_n bear_v for_o of_o a_o great_a length_n it_o be_v allege_v they_o can_v not_o be_v make_v slenderer_n and_o as_o long_o as_o he_o can_v of_o tin_n or_o laton_n as_o they_o call_v thin_a plate_n of_o iron_n tin_a over_z and_o these_o be_v very_o careful_o solder_a together_o make_v up_o one_o pipe_n of_o about_o one_o or_o two_o and_o thirty_o foot_n long_o which_o be_v tie_v to_o a_o pole_n we_o try_v with_o water_n whether_o it_o be_v staunch_v and_o by_o the_o effluxion_n of_o that_o liquor_n find_v where_o the_o leak_n be_v we_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v stop_v with_o soder_n and_o then_o for_o great_a security_n the_o whole_a pipe_n especial_o at_o the_o commissure_v be_v diligent_o case_v over_o with_o our_o close_a black_a cement_n upon_o which_o plaster_n of_o paris_n be_v strew_v to_o keep_v it_o from_o stick_v to_o their_o hand_n or_o clothes_n that_o shall_v manage_v the_o pipe_n at_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o which_o be_v very_o careful_o fasten_v with_o the_o like_a cement_n a_o strong_a pipe_n of_o glass_n of_o between_o 2_o and_o 3_o foot_n in_o length_n that_o we_o may_v see_v what_o shall_v happen_v at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n and_o to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o this_o pipe_n be_v with_o cement_n and_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o a_o short_a elbow_n of_o tin_n very_o close_o fasten_v another_o pipe_n of_o the_o same_o metal_n consist_v of_o two_o piece_n make_v a_o right_a angle_n with_o one_o another_o whereof_o the_o upper_a part_n be_v parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o other_o which_o be_v parallel_n to_o the_o glass-pipe_n reach_v down_o to_o the_o engine_n which_o be_v place_v on_o the_o flat_a roof_n and_o be_v to_o be_v with_o good_a cement_n sollicitous_o fasten_v to_o the_o low_a end_n of_o this_o descend_a part_n of_o the_o pipe_n who_o horizontal_a leg_n be_v support_v by_o a_o piece_n of_o wood_n nail_v to_o the_o above_o mention_v rail_n as_o the_o tube_n also_o be_v keep_v from_o overmuch_o shake_v by_o a_o board_n fasten_v to_o the_o same_o rail_n and_o have_v a_o deep_a notch_n cut_v in_o it_o for_o the_o tube_n to_o be_v insert_v into_o this_o apparatus_fw-la be_v make_v the_fw-fr and_o the_o whole_a tube_n with_o its_o pole_n erect_v along_o the_o wall_n and_o fasten_v with_o string_n and_o other_o help_n and_o the_o descend_a pipe_n be_v careful_o cement_v on_o to_o the_o engine_n there_o be_v place_v under_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o long_a tube_n a_o convenient_a vessel_n whereinto_o so_o much_o water_n be_v pour_v as_o reach_v a_o great_a way_n above_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o pipe_n and_o one_o be_v appoint_v to_o stand_v by_o to_o pour_v in_o more_o as_o need_n shall_v require_v that_o the_o vessel_n may_v be_v still_o keep_v competent_o full_a after_o all_o this_o the_o pump_n be_v set_v on_o work_n but_o when_o the_o water_n have_v be_v raise_v to_o a_o great_a height_n and_o consequent_o have_v a_o great_a pressure_n against_o the_o side_n of_o the_o tube_n a_o small_a leak_n or_o two_o be_v either_o discover_v or_o make_v which_o without_o move_v the_o tube_n we_o cause_v to_o be_v well_o stop_v by_o one_o that_o be_v send_v up_o a_o ladder_n to_o apply_v store_n of_o cement_n where_o it_o be_v requisite_a wherefore_o at_o length_n we_o be_v able_a after_o a_o pretty_a number_n of_o exuction_n to_o raise_v the_o water_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o glass-pipe_n above_o mention_v but_o not_o without_o great_a store_n of_o bubble_n make_v by_o the_o air_n former_o conceal_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n and_o now_o emerge_v which_o for_o a_o pretty_a while_n keep_v a_o kind_n of_o foam_n upon_o the_o surface_n of_o it_o fresh_a one_o continual_o succeed_v those_o that_o break_v and_o find_v the_o engine_n and_o tube_n as_o staunch_v as_o can_v be_v well_o expect_v i_o think_v it_o a_o fit_a season_n to_o try_v what_o be_v the_o utmost_a height_n to_o which_o water_n can_v by_o suction_n be_v elevate_v and_o therefore_o though_o the_o pump_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v ply_v enough_o already_o yet_o for_o further_a satisfaction_n when_o the_o water_n be_v within_o few_o inch_n of_o the_o top_n of_o the_o glass_n i_o cause_v 20_o exuction_n more_o to_o be_v nimble_o make_v to_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o water_n shall_v be_v raise_v as_o high_a as_o by_o our_o pump_n it_o can_v be_v possible_o and_o have_v take_v notice_n where_o the_o surface_n rest_v and_o cause_v a_o piece_n of_o cement_n to_o be_v stick_v near_o it_o for_o we_o can_v not_o then_o come_v to_o reach_v it_o exact_o and_o descend_v to_o the_o ground_n where_o the_o stagnant_a water_n stand_v we_o cause_v a_o string_n to_o be_v let_v down_o with_o a_o weight_n hang_v at_o the_o end_n of_o it_o which_o we_o apply_v to_o a_o mark_n that_o have_v be_v purposely_o make_v at_o that_o part_n of_o the_o metalline_a tube_n which_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o stagnant_a water_n have_v rest_v at_o when_o the_o water_n be_v elevate_v to_o its_o full_a height_n and_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o string_n be_v by_o he_o that_o let_v it_o down_o apply_v to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o glass_n as_o near_o as_o he_o can_v guess_v where_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o water_n reach_v the_o weight_n be_v pull_v up_o and_o the_o length_n of_o the_o string_n and_o consequent_o the_o height_n of_o the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n be_v measure_v which_o amount_v to_o 33_o foot_n and_o about_o 6_o inch_n which_o do_v i_o return_v to_o my_o lodging_n which_o be_v not_o far_o off_o to_o look_v upon_o the_o baroscope_n to_o be_v inform_v of_o the_o present_a weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n which_o i_o find_v to_o be_v but_o moderate_a the_o quicksilver_n stand_v at_o 29_o inch_n and_o between_o 2_o and_o 3_o eight_o of_o a_o inch_n this_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o compare_v the_o success_n of_o the_o experiment_n with_o our_o hypothesis_n for_o if_o we_o suppose_v the_o most_o receive_a proportion_n in_o bulk_n between_o cylinder_n of_o quicksilver_n and_o of_o water_n of_o the_o same_o weight_n namely_o that_o of_o 1_o to_o 14_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v 34_o foot_n and_o about_o two_o inch_n which_o be_v about_o 8_o inch_n great_a than_o we_o find_v it_o but_o then_o your_o lordship_n may_v be_v please_v to_o remember_v that_o i_o former_o note_v before_o ever_o i_o make_v this_o experiment_n that_o i_o do_v not_o allow_v the_o proportion_n betwixt_o mercury_n and_o water_n at_o least_o such_o water_n as_o i_o make_v my_o trial_n with_o to_o
be_v altogether_o so_o great_a and_o though_o in_o ordinary_a experiment_n we_o may_v with_o very_o little_a inconvenience_n make_v use_n of_o that_o proportion_n to_o avoid_v fraction_n yet_o in_o so_o tall_a a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n as_o we_o be_v the_o difference_n be_v too_o considerable_a to_o be_v neglect_v if_o therefore_o in_o stead_n of_o make_v a_o inch_n of_o quicksilver_n equivalent_a to_o 14_o inch_n of_o water_n we_o abate_v but_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n which_o be_v but_o a_o 56_o part_n of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n this_o abatement_n be_v repeat_v 29_o time_n and_o a_o quarter_n will_v amount_v to_o 7_o inch_n and_o above_o a_o quarter_n which_o add_v to_o the_o former_a height_n of_o the_o water_n namely_o 33_o foot_n and_o 6_o inch_n will_v make_v up_o 34_o foot_n and_o above_o a_o inch_n so_o that_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n sustain_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n in_o the_o baroscope_n and_o that_o of_o the_o water_n raise_v and_o sustain_v by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o same_o atmosphere_n in_o the_o long_a tube_n do_v not_o appear_v to_o differ_v more_o than_o a_o inch_n or_o two_o from_o the_o proportion_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v have_v according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o specific_a gravity_n and_o though_o in_o our_o experiment_n the_o difference_n have_v be_v great_a provide_v it_o exceed_v not_o 8_o or_o 10_o inch_n it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v strange_a partly_o because_o of_o the_o difficulty_n of_o measure_v all_o thing_n so_o exact_o in_o such_o a_o experiment_n partly_o because_o as_o water_n be_v not_o all_o of_o the_o same_o weight_n so_o a_o little_a disparity_n of_o it_o in_o so_o long_a a_o cylinder_n may_v be_v considerable_a and_o partly_o and_o perhaps_o chief_o because_o the_o air_n fly_v out_o of_o the_o bubble_n that_o rise_v out_o of_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o water_n and_o break_v at_o the_o top_n of_o it_o and_o so_o near_o that_o of_o the_o tube_n may_v by_o its_o spring_n though_o but_o very_o weak_a assist_v the_o weight_n of_o so_o much_o water_n somewhat_o though_o not_o much_o hinder_v the_o utmost_a elevation_n of_o that_o liquor_n but_o our_o experiment_n do_v not_o make_v it_o needful_a for_o i_o to_o insist_v on_o these_o consideration_n and_o the_o inconsiderable_a difference_n that_o be_v betwixt_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n we_o find_v and_o that_o which_o may_v have_v be_v wish_v do_v rather_o countenance_v then_o at_o all_o difavour_n the_o thing_n to_o be_v make_v out_o by_o our_o experiment_n since_o by_o no_o pump_v we_o can_v raise_v the_o water_n quite_o so_o high_a though_o i_o confess_v it_o want_v but_o very_o little_a as_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v able_a to_o keep_v up_o a_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n proportionable_a to_o it_o in_o height_n and_o equivalent_a in_o weight_n and_o yet_o i_o presume_v your_o lordship_n will_v easy_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v at_o least_o as_o much_o care_n use_v in_o this_o experiment_n to_o keep_v the_o thing_n employ_v about_o it_o tight_a as_o have_v be_v wont_a to_o be_v use_v by_o tradesman_n in_o their_o pump_n where_o it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a either_o to_o prevent_v a_o little_a insinuation_n of_o the_o air_n or_o to_o discern_v it_o it_o be_v not_o that_o i_o be_o sure_a that_o even_o all_o our_o care_n will_v have_v keep_v the_o water_n for_o any_o long_a time_n at_o its_o full_a height_n but_o that_o the_o air_n be_v sufficient_o exhaust_v for_o our_o purpose_n when_o we_o determine_v the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n i_o be_v induce_v to_o conclude_v by_o these_o circumstance_n 1._o as_o well_o the_o construction_n of_o the_o engine_n as_o the_o many_o former_o relate_v experiment_n that_o have_v be_v successful_o try_v with_o it_o show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o like_o it_o shall_v be_v inferior_a in_o closeness_n to_o the_o great_a water-pump_n make_v by_o ordinary_a tradesman_n and_o particular_o the_o xi_o experiment_n forego_v manifest_v that_o by_o this_o pump_n quicksilver_n be_v raise_v to_o as_o great_a a_o height_n as_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v able_a to_o support_v in_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n 2._o the_o stanchness_n of_o the_o pipe_n appear_v by_o the_o diminution_n as_o to_o number_n of_o bubble_n that_o appear_v at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n and_o by_o their_o size_n too_o for_o when_o there_o be_v a_o leak_n though_o but_o so_o very_o small_a that_o the_o water_n can_v not_o get_v out_o at_o it_o in_o the_o tube_n it_o may_v usual_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o the_o attentive_a ear_n of_o he_o that_o stand_v to_o watch_v upon_o the_o ladder_n erect_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o tube_n and_o the_o air_n that_o get_v in_o do_v easy_o discover_v itself_o to_o the_o eye_n by_o large_a bubble_n manifest_o differ_v from_o those_o that_o come_v from_o the_o aerial_a particle_n belong_v to_o the_o water_n and_o if_o the_o leak_n be_v not_o so_o very_o small_a the_o air_n that_o get_v in_o will_v sudden_o lift_v up_o the_o water_n above_o it_o and_o perhaps_o fill_v with_o it_o the_o descend_v pipe_n 3._o though_o there_o have_v be_v some_o imperceptible_a leak_n yet_o that_o will_v not_o have_v hinder_v the_o success_n of_o the_o experiment_n for_o the_o main_a for_o in_o leak_n that_o have_v be_v but_o small_a though_o manifest_a enough_o we_o have_v often_o by_o cause_v the_o pump_n to_o be_v ply_v less_o nimble_o than_o it_o now_o be_v be_v able_a to_o prosecute_v our_o trial_n because_o the_o pump_n carry_v of_o still_o more_o air_n than_o can_v get_v in_o at_o a_o leak_n that_o be_v no_o great_a 4._o and_o that_o little_a or_o no_o intrude_a air_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o our_o tube_n be_v evident_a by_o those_o mark_n whereby_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o they_o that_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o pump_n to_o estimate_v what_o air_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o vessel_n it_o shall_v exhaust_v and_o particular_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o our_o operation_n i_o observe_v that_o when_o the_o sucker_n be_v depress_v there_o come_v out_o of_o the_o water_n that_o cover_v the_o pump_n so_o very_a few_o bubble_n that_o they_o may_v be_v impute_v to_o the_o air_n afford_v by_o the_o bubble_n spring_v from_o the_o water_n in_o the_o tube_n whereas_o if_o any_o adventious_a air_n have_v get_v into_o that_o cylinder_n of_o water_n it_o will_v have_v appear_v in_o the_o water_n that_o cover_v the_o pump_n 5._o last_o it_o be_v very_o strange_a that_o if_o the_o water_n be_v but_o casual_o hinder_v by_o some_o leak_n from_o ascend_v any_o high_a it_o shall_v be_v so_o easy_a to_o raise_v it_o to_o the_o very_a number_n of_o foot_n that_o our_o hypothesis_n require_v and_o yet_o we_o shall_v be_v unable_a by_o obstinate_a pump_v to_o raise_v it_o one_o foot_n high_o note_v 1._o as_o soon_o as_o we_o have_v make_v our_o experiment_n and_o thereby_o find_v that_o what_o be_v requisite_a to_o it_o be_v in_o order_n i_o send_v to_o give_v notice_n of_o it_o to_o d_o r_o wallis_n and_o d_o r_o wren_n as_o person_n who_o curiosity_n make_v they_o as_o well_o delight_v with_o such_o trial_n as_o their_o deep_a knowledge_n make_v they_o most_o competent_a judge_n of_o they_o but_o before_o they_o can_v be_v find_v and_o come_v it_o be_v grow_v somewhat_o late_a and_o windy_a i_o that_o be_v not_o very_o well_o and_o have_v tire_v myself_o with_o go_v up_o and_o down_o can_v not_o stay_v with_o they_o so_o long_o as_o i_o intend_v but_o leave_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o repeat_v experiment_n to_o be_v show_v they_o by_o i._o m._n who_o have_v be_v very_o industrious_a in_o fit_v and_o erect_v the_o tube_n they_o and_o their_o learned_a friend_n who_o they_o bring_v with_o they_o doctor_n millington_n tell_v i_o a_o while_n after_o that_o they_o also_o have_v find_v the_o great_a height_n to_o which_o they_o can_v raise_v the_o water_n to_o be_v 33_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a 2._o when_o the_o water_n begin_v first_o to_o appear_v in_o the_o glass_n the_o bubble_n will_v be_v as_o i_o have_v foretell_v exceed_v numerous_a so_o as_o to_o make_v a_o froth_n of_o near_a a_o foot_n high_a if_o the_o water_n be_v new_o bring_v and_o have_v never_o be_v raise_v in_o the_o tube_n before_o but_o if_o the_o pump_v be_v long_o continue_v the_o number_n and_o height_n or_o at_o least_o one_o of_o the_o two_o of_o the_o aggregate_v of_o bubble_n will_v as_o there_o remain_v few_o and_o few_o aerial_a particle_n in_o the_o water_n be_v lesser_a and_o lesser_a but_o their_o emerge_n do_v never_o that_o i_o remember_v whole_o cease_v 3._o at_o the_o beginning_n also_o there_o
will_v appear_v great_a vibration_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o tube_n the_o rise_n and_o the_o fall_a amount_v sometime_o to_o a_o foot_n or_o near_o half_a a_o yard_n but_o these_o grow_v lesser_a and_o lesser_a as_o those_o of_o the_o quicksilver_n in_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n use_v to_o do_v 4._o one_o may_v use_v a_o ordinary_a pail_n to_o hold_v the_o stagnant_a water_n but_o we_o rather_o employ_v a_o vessel_n of_o earth_n make_v for_o another_o purpose_n somewhat_o slender_a and_o of_o a_o cylindrical_a shape_n because_o in_o a_o narrow_a vessel_n it_o be_v more_o easy_a to_o guess_v by_o the_o rise_n and_o fall_v of_o the_o liquor_n how_o the_o pump_n be_v ply_v and_o to_o perceive_v even_o small_a leak_n 5._o i_o must_v not_o forget_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o though_o the_o new_o name_v gentleman_n come_v to_o i_o when_o they_o have_v see_v the_o experiment_n try_v within_o less_o than_o a_o hour_n after_o the_o time_n i_o have_v look_v upon_o the_o baroscope_n and_o observe_v the_o quicksilver_n to_o stand_v somewhat_o beneath_o 29_o inch_n and_o 3_o eight_o yet_o when_o present_o upon_o their_o return_n i_o consult_v the_o same_o instrument_n again_o the_o mercury_n appear_v to_o be_v sensible_o rise_v be_v somewhat_o though_o but_o very_o little_a above_o 9_o and_o 20_o inch_n and_o 3_o eight_o and_o 5_o or_o 6_o hour_n after_o at_o bedtime_n i_o find_v it_o to_o be_v yet_o more_o considerable_o rise_v which_o may_v keep_v your_o lordship_n from_o wonder_v at_o what_o i_o intimate_v a_o little_a above_o touch_v monsieur_n paschal_n experiment_n as_o well_o as_o touch_v the_o disappointment_n of_o the_o pump-maker_n endeavour_n for_o it_o be_v not_o only_o possible_a that_o as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o note_v water_n may_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o same_o pump_n though_o we_o suppose_v it_o still_o equal_o staunch_v high_a at_o one_o time_n than_o at_o another_o but_o it_o be_v contingent_a that_o in_o mounseur_fw-fr paschal_n noble_a attempt_n to_o imitate_v the_o torricellian_a experiment_n with_o water_n in_o stead_n of_o quicksilver_n the_o proportion_n betwixt_o the_o height_n of_o those_o two_o liquor_n in_o their_o respective_a tube_n answer_v so_o well_o to_o their_o specific_a gravity_n for_o the_o vary_a weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v not_o then_o that_o appear_v know_v or_o consequent_o take_v into_o consideration_n if_o monsieur_n paschal_n have_v try_v the_o torricellian_a experiment_n when_o the_o air_n be_v for_o instance_n very_o heavy_a have_v try_v his_o own_o experiment_n when_o the_o atmosphere_n have_v be_v as_o light_v as_o i_o have_v often_o enough_o observe_v it_o to_o be_v he_o may_v have_v find_v his_o cylinder_n of_o water_n to_o have_v be_v half_a a_o yard_n or_o two_o foot_n short_a than_o the_o former_o measure_a height_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n will_v have_v require_v i_o have_v now_o no_o more_o to_o add_v about_o this_o 15_o the_o experiment_n but_o that_o it_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o sufficient_a confirmation_n of_o what_o i_o note_v in_o another_o treatise_n against_o those_o hydraulical_a &_o pneumatical_a writer_n who_o pretend_v to_o teach_v way_n of_o make_v water_n pass_v by_o inflected_a pipe_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o suction_n from_o one_o side_n of_o a_o mountain_n to_o the_o other_o be_v the_o mountain_n never_o so_o high_a for_o if_o the_o water_n be_v to_o ascend_v as_o it_o be_v spontaneous_o above_o 35_o or_o 36_o foot_n a_o suck_v pump_n will_v not_o ordinary_o at_o least_o here_o in_o england_n be_v able_a to_o raise_v it_o and_o now_o i_o speak_v of_o mountain_n it_o will_v not_o be_v altogether_o impertinent_a to_o add_v that_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v for_o unseasonable_a weather_n i_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o make_v the_o forego_v 11_o the_o experiment_n of_o elevate_a mercury_n by_o suction_n to_o be_v try_v at_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n not_o far_o from_o the_o place_n i_o then_o be_v at_o for_o by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o deliver_v it_o appear_v that_o we_o may_v have_v estimate_v the_o height_n to_o which_o the_o water_n may_v be_v there_o elevate_v by_o suction_n without_o repeat_v the_o experiment_n with_o a_o thirty_o five_o foot_n tube_n which_o we_o can_v not_o hope_v for_o conveniency_n to_o do_v by_o the_o utmost_a height_n to_o which_o our_o engine_n can_v have_v raise_v mercury_n and_o it_o may_v be_v of_o some_o use_n to_o be_v able_a from_o experiment_n to_o make_v some_o estimate_n for_o it_o can_v scarce_o be_v a_o accurate_a one_o how_o much_a it_o may_v be_v expect_v that_o pump_n shall_v caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la loose_a of_o their_o power_n of_o elevate_a water_n by_o suction_n by_o be_v employ_v at_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n in_o stead_n of_o be_v so_o at_o the_o bottom_n or_o on_o a_o plain_n remember_v always_o what_o i_o late_o intimate_v that_o even_o in_o the_o same_o place_n liquor_n will_v be_v bring_v to_o ascend_v by_o suction_n 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do_v considerable_o either_o fall_n short_a of_o or_o exceed_v the_o quantity_n you_o expect_v you_o may_v the_o next_o time_n let_v in_o the_o water_n either_o after_o the_o mercury_n have_v a_o little_a past_o the_o former_a mark_n or_o a_o little_a before_o it_o be_v arrive_v at_o it_o and_o when_o once_o you_o have_v this_o way_n obtain_v one_o pretty_a long_a and_o accurate_a gage_n you_o will_v not_o need_v to_o take_v so_o much_o pain_n to_o make_v other_o since_o you_o may_v divide_v they_o by_o the_o help_n of_o that_o one_o for_o this_o be_v place_v with_o any_o other_o in_o a_o small_a receiver_n when_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o standard-gage_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o be_v depress_v to_o any_o of_o the_o determinate_a division_n obtain_v by_o observation_n you_o may_v thence_o conclude_v how_o much_o the_o air_n in_o the_o receiver_n be_v rarefy_v and_o consequent_o by_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o mercury_n rest_v in_o the_o other_o gage_n 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divide_v according_a to_o one_o of_o the_o way_n former_o propose_v it_o will_v on_o divers_a occasion_n be_v more_o secure_a in_o case_n the_o maker_n of_o the_o gage_n have_v skill_n to_o do_v it_o to_o put_v to_o the_o division_n rather_o by_o little_a knub_n of_o glass_n than_o by_o paper_n because_o this_o will_n on_o such_o occasion_n be_v in_o danger_n either_o to_o be_v rub_v off_o or_o wet_v and_o if_o glass-mark_n be_v use_v it_o will_v be_v convenient_a that_o every_o five_o or_o ten_o or_o such_o ordinal_n number_n as_o shall_v be_v judge_v fit_a be_v make_v of_o glass_n of_o a_o differ_a colour_n for_o distinction_n sake_n &_o the_o more_o easy_a reckon_n we_o sometime_o for_o a_o need_n apply_v in_o stead_n of_o these_o glass-knubs_a little_a mark_n of_o hard_a seal_a wax_n which_o will_v not_o be_v injure_v by_o moisture_n as_o those_o paper_n will_v that_o be_v past_v on_o but_o these_o of_o wax_n though_o in_o many_o case_n useful_a be_v not_o comparable_a to_o the_o other_o in_o all_o since_o if_o they_o be_v very_o small_a they_o be_v easy_o rub_v off_o and_o if_o large_a they_o make_v not_o the_o division_n exact_a enough_o and_o often_o hide_v the_o true_a place_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n i_o shall_v here_o about_o the_o mercurial_a gauge_n add_v only_o this_o hint_n that_o what_o i_o propose_v to_o myself_o in_o that_o contrivance_n be_v not_o only_o to_o estimate_v the_o air_n pump_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n or_o that_o remain_v in_o it_o but_o also_o by_o the_o help_n of_o this_o instrument_n as_o elsewhere_o by_o another_o experiment_n to_o measure_v somewhat_o near_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o spring_n of_o rarefy_a air_n according_a to_o its_o several_a degree_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o by_o this_o observation_n in_o concurrence_n with_o other_o thing_n i_o hope_v we_o may_v according_a to_o what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o insinuate_v be_v assist_v to_o estimate_n by_o the_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n raise_v in_o the_o open_a leg_n the_o expansion_n of_o the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o seal_a leg_n but_o of_o these_o thing_n i_o design_v in_o this_o place_n to_o give_v but_o a_o intimation_n 3._o that_o leg_n of_o the_o gage_n that_o include_v the_o air_n may_v be_v seal_v up_o either_o at_o the_o beginning_n before_o the_o pipe_n be_v bend_v into_o a_o syphon_n or_o which_o be_v much_o better_o after_o the_o follow_a manner_n before_o you_o bend_v the_o pipe_n draw_v out_o the_o end_n of_o it_o which_o you_o mean_v to_o seal_v to_o a_o short_a and_o very_o slender_a thread_n then_o have_v make_v the_o pipe_n a_o siphon_n pour_v into_o the_o leg_n which_o be_v to_o remain_v open_a as_o much_o quicksilver_n as_o you_o shall_v judge_v convenient_a which_o will_v rise_v to_o a_o equal_a height_n in_o the_o other_o leg_n out_o of_o which_o by_o gentle_o incline_v the_o siphon_n you_o may_v pour_v out_o the_o superfluous_a mercury_n if_o there_o be_v any_o and_o when_o you_o see_v that_o there_o be_v a_o inch_n or_o half_o a_o inch_n or_o what_o part_n you_o design_v to_o leave_v for_o air_n unfilled_a with_o mercury_n next_o to_o the_o end_n that_o be_v to_o be_v close_v and_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o leg_n and_o as_o much_o as_o you_o think_v fit_a of_o the_o other_o be_v full_a of_o quicksilver_n you_o may_v by_o keep_v the_o siphon_n in_o the_o same_o posture_n and_o wary_o apply_v the_o slender_a apex_n above_o mention_v to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o lamp_n blow_v horizontal_a easy_o seal_v up_o that_o apex_n without_o crack_v or_o prejudice_v the_o open_a leg_n or_o considerable_o injure_v the_o air_n hole_n that_o be_v to_o be_v seal_v up_o in_o the_o other_o and_o this_o seal_n of_o one_o leg_n must_v as_o it_o be_v evident_a keep_v the_o mercury_n suspend_v in_o it_o though_o it_o be_v high_a by_o divers_a inch_n than_o that_o in_o the_o open_a leg_n till_o the_o withdraw_n of_o the_o external_a air_n enable_v the_o include_v by_o expand_v itself_o to_o depress_v the_o mercury_n in_o the_o seal_a leg_n and_o raise_v it_o in_o the_o open_a 4._o how_o the_o length_n of_o these_o mercurial_a gauge_n be_v to_o be_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o bigness_n and_o shape_n of_o the_o slender_a receiver_n they_o be_v to_o be_v employ_v in_o and_o how_o they_o may_v easy_o be_v make_v either_o to_o stand_v upright_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o receiver_n or_o be_v keep_v hang_v in_o the_o middle_n or_o near_o the_o top_n of_o it_o as_o occasion_n may_v require_v and_o how_o the_o open_a end_n may_v be_v make_v to_o secure_v the_o mercury_n in_o case_n where_o that_o be_v needful_a belong_v not_o so_o proper_o to_o this_o treatise_n as_o to_o the_o second_o part_n of_o
the_o continuation_n where_o if_o ever_o i_o trouble_v your_o lordship_n with_o it_o the_o usefulness_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o gauge_n and_o the_o circumstance_n that_o may_v advantage_v they_o will_v best_o appear_v 5._o there_o be_v some_o experiment_n wherein_o it_o be_v not_o desire_v that_o the_o receiver_n shall_v be_v near_o exhaust_v but_o rather_o that_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o air_n rarefaction_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v very_o great_a shall_v be_v well_o measure_v we_o may_v in_o such_o case_n make_v use_v of_o gauge_n shape_v like_o those_o hitherto_o describe_v but_o make_v as_o long_o as_o the_o receiver_n will_v well_o admit_v and_o furnish_v in_o stead_n of_o quicksilver_n either_o with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n colour_v with_o cocheneel_n or_o else_o with_o the_o tincture_n of_o red_a rose-leaf_n draw_v only_o with_o common_a water_n make_v shap_n by_o a_o little_a either_o of_o the_o oil_n or_o the_o spirit_n of_o vitriol_n or_o of_o common_a salt_n for_o the_o lightness_n of_o these_o liquor_n in_o comparison_n of_o quicksilver_n will_v allow_v the_o expansin_n of_o the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o gage_n to_o be_v very_o manifest_a and_o notable_a enough_o though_o not_o half_a or_o perhaps_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o air_n be_v pump_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n 6._o you_o may_v also_o in_o such_o case_n as_o these_o where_o the_o receiver_n be_v large_a enough_o and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v quite_o exhaust_v make_v use_n of_o a_o mercurial_a gage_n differ_v from_o those_o above_o describe_v only_o in_o this_o that_o the_o short_a leg_n need_v not_o be_v above_o a_o inch_n or_o half_o a_o inch_n long_o before_o it_o expand_v itself_o into_o a_o bubble_n of_o about_o half_a a_o inch_n or_o a_o inch_n in_o diameter_n and_o have_v at_o the_o upper_a part_n a_o very_a short_a and_o slender_a unseal_v pipe_n at_o which_o the_o air_n may_v get_v in_o and_o out_o by_o which_o contrivance_n you_o may_v have_v this_o convenience_n that_o you_o need_v not_o include_v so_o much_o air_n as_o otherwise_o will_v be_v requisite_a at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o long_a leg_n because_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o short_a can_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o bubble_n whereinto_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o air_n drive_v it_o be_v considerable_o raise_v upon_o which_o account_n it_o become_v more_o easy_a to_o estimate_v by_o the_o eye_n the_o degree_n of_o the_o include_v air_n rarefaction_n which_o may_v be_v do_v almost_o as_o easy_o as_o if_o there_o be_v water_n in_o stead_n of_o mercury_n provide_v it_o be_v remember_v that_o quicksilver_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o ponderousness_n do_v far_o more_o assist_v the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o air_n than_o so_o much_o water_n will_v do_v experiment_n xviii_o about_o a_o easy_a way_n to_o make_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n sensible_a to_o the_o touch_n of_o those_o that_o doubt_v of_o it_o though_o several_a of_o our_o experiment_n sufficient_o manifest_a to_o the_o skilful_a that_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v very_o considerable_a yet_o because_o some_o of_o they_o require_v peculiar_a glass_n and_o other_o instrument_n which_o be_v not_o always_o at_o hand_n and_o because_o there_o be_v many_o that_o think_v it_o sure_a to_o estimate_v the_o force_n of_o pressure_n by_o what_o they_o immediate_o feel_v than_o by_o any_o other_o way_n i_o be_v invite_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o such_o to_o employ_v a_o easy_a experiment_n which_o usual_o prove_v convince_a because_o it_o operate_v on_o that_o sense_n whereon_o they_o chief_o rely_v i_o cause_v then_o to_o be_v make_v a_o hollow_a but_o strong_a piece_n of_o brass_n not_o above_o two_o or_o three_o inch_n high_a that_o it_o may_v be_v in_o a_o trice_n exhaust_v and_o open_a at_o both_o end_n who_o orifice_n be_v circular_a and_o parallel_a but_o not_o equal_a the_o instrument_n be_v make_v taper_v so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v represent_v by_o a_o excavate_v conus_fw-la truncatus_fw-la or_o a_o gigg_n with_o the_o low_a part_n cut_v transvers_o off_o this_o piece_n of_o brass_n be_v cement_v on_o as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o small_a receiver_n to_o the_o engine_n the_o person_n that_o will_v not_o believe_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n to_o be_v near_o so_o considerable_a as_o be_v represent_v be_v bid_v to_o lay_v the_o palm_n of_o his_o hand_n upon_o the_o upper_a orifice_n and_o be_v order_v to_o lean_v a_o little_a upon_o it_o that_o so_o the_o low_a part_n of_o his_o hand_n may_v prove_v a_o close_a cover_n to_o the_o orifice_n one_o exuction_n of_o the_o air_n be_v make_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o pump_n and_o then_o upon_o the_o withdraw_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o internal_a air_n that_o before_o counterballance_v that_o of_o the_o external_n the_o hand_n be_v leave_v alone_o to_o support_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n will_v be_v press_v inward_o so_o forcible_o that_o though_o the_o strong_a sort_n of_o man_n be_v able_a though_o not_o without_o much_o ado_n to_o take_v off_o their_o hand_n yet_o the_o weak_a sort_n of_o tryer_n can_v not_o do_v it_o especial_o if_o by_o a_o second_o suck_v the_o little_a receiver_n be_v better_o exhaust_v but_o be_v fain_o to_o stay_v for_o the_o return_n of_o the_o air_n into_o the_o receiver_n to_o assist_v they_o this_o experiment_n be_v design_v rather_o to_o convince_v than_o to_o punish_v those_o that_o be_v to_o make_v it_o we_o take_v care_n not_o only_o that_o the_o brass_n shall_v be_v so_o thick_a and_o the_o orifice_n so_o smooth_a that_o no_o sharpness_n nor_o roughness_n of_o the_o metal_n shall_v offend_v the_o hand_n but_o also_o that_o the_o narrow_a orifice_n which_o be_v the_o often_o make_v use_v of_o shall_v be_v but_o about_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n in_o diameter_n but_o if_o any_o be_v desirous_a of_o a_o more_o sensible_a conviction_n it_o be_v very_o easy_a to_o give_v it_o he_o by_o make_v the_o large_a orifice_n the_o uppermost_a which_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o instrument_n be_v as_o we_o former_o note_v make_v taper_v but_o yet_o this_o large_a orifice_n ought_v not_o to_o exceed_v 2_o inch_n or_o 2_o inch_n and_o 1_o 2_o in_o wideness_n lest_o the_o great_a weight_n of_o the_o air_n endanger_v the_o break_n or_o considerable_o hurt_v the_o hand_n of_o the_o experimenter_n which_o caution_n i_o be_o put_v in_o mind_n of_o give_v by_o remember_v that_o i_o once_o much_o endanger_v my_o own_o hand_n through_o the_o mistake_n of_o he_o that_o manage_v the_o pump_n who_o unaware_o to_o i_o set_v it_o on_o work_n when_o for_o another_o purpose_n i_o have_v lay_v my_o hand_n upon_o the_o orifice_n of_o a_o instrument_n of_o too_o great_a a_o diameter_n the_o famous_a experiment_n of_o torricellius_n mention_v in_o the_o 17_o the_o of_o our_o already_o publish_a trial_n be_v of_o that_o nobleness_n and_o importance_n that_o though_o divers_a learned_a man_n have_v but_o upon_o very_o differ_v principle_n discourse_v of_o it_o in_o print_n which_o give_v i_o the_o less_o mind_n to_o insist_v long_o upon_o it_o here_o yet_o i_o shall_v not_o scruple_n to_o subjoin_v some_o note_n concern_v trial_n that_o i_o make_v though_o for_o want_n of_o opportunity_n i_o can_v not_o repeat_v they_o according_a to_o my_o custom_n which_o i_o have_v not_o meet_v with_o in_o other_o and_o which_o may_v serve_v to_o confirm_v the_o hypothesis_n make_v use_v of_o in_o this_o continuation_n and_o the_o treatise_n it_o belong_v to_o experiment_n xix_o about_o the_o subsidence_n of_o mercury_n in_o the_o tube_n of_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n to_o the_o level_n of_o the_o stagnant_a mercury_n a_o baroscope_n be_v include_v in_o a_o receiver_n make_v of_o a_o long_a bolt_n head_n with_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o ball_n cut_v circular_o off_o upon_o the_o first_o exuction_n of_o the_o air_n the_o quicksilver_n that_o before_o stand_v at_o 29_o inch_n the_o atmosphere_n appear_v then_o by_o a_o constant_a baroscope_n very_o light_a will_v fall_v so_o low_a as_o to_o rest_v at_o 9_o or_o 10_o inch_n for_o once_o i_o measure_v the_o subsidence_n beneath_o its_o former_a elevation_n and_o in_o about_o three_o suck_v more_o it_o will_v be_v bring_v quite_o down_o to_o the_o level_n of_o the_o stagnant_a quicksilver_n and_o somewhat_o below_o as_o it_o be_v the_o property_n of_o quicksilver_n quite_o contrary_a to_o water_n to_o rise_v less_o in_o a_o slender_a pipe_n than_o in_o a_o wide_a the_o air_n be_v let_v into_o the_o receiver_n the_o quicksilver_n will_v be_v impel_v up_o slowlier_n or_o fast_o as_o we_o please_v to_o the_o former_a height_n of_o 29_o inch_n or_o thereabouts_o nb._n 1_o that_o if_o the_o air_n be_v suffer_v to_o go_v hasty_o out_o of_o
the_o slenderer_n and_o water_n be_v a_o second_o time_n pour_v down_o into_o the_o tube_n the_o mercury_n do_v in_o both_o pipe_n rise_v uniform_o as_o before_o by_o which_o and_o the_o former_a experiment_n it_o sufficient_o appear_v that_o a_o gravitating_a liquor_n as_o air_n or_o water_n may_v impel_v or_o keep_v up_o mercury_n to_o the_o same_o height_n in_o tube_n that_o be_v of_o very_o differ_v capacity_n and_o that_o liquor_n balance_v each_o other_o according_a to_o their_o altitude_n and_o not_o bare_o according_a to_o their_o weight_n for_o in_o this_o last_o experiment_n the_o additional_a cylinder_n of_o one_o inch_n of_o mercury_n be_v manifest_o raise_v and_o keep_v up_o by_o the_o water_n incumbent_a on_o the_o stagnant_a mercury_n the_o other_o cause_n whatever_o it_o be_v of_o the_o mercury_n suspension_n be_v able_a to_o sustain_v but_o a_o cylinder_n short_a by_o a_o inch._n and_o the_o same_o parcel_n of_o water_n do_v counterpoise_v in_o the_o differ_a pipe_n two_o mercurial_a cylinder_n which_o though_o but_o of_o the_o same_o altitude_n namely_o about_o a_o inch_n be_v of_o very_o unequal_a weight_n experiment_n xxi_o of_o the_o height_n at_o which_o pure_a mercury_n and_o mercury_n amalgame_v with_o tin_n will_v stand_v in_o barometer_n consider_v with_o myself_o that_o if_o the_o sustentation_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n in_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n at_o a_o certain_a height_n depend_v upon_o the_o aequilibrium_fw-la which_o a_o liquor_n of_o that_o specific_a gravity_n do_v at_o such_o a_o height_n attain_v to_o with_o the_o external_n air_n if_o that_o peculiar_a and_o determinate_a gravity_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n be_v alter_v the_o height_n of_o it_o requisite_a to_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la with_o the_o atmosphere_n must_v be_v alter_v too_o consider_v this_o i_o say_v i_o think_v it_o may_v somewhat_o confirm_v the_o hypothesis_n hitherto_o make_v use_n of_o if_o a_o phaenomenon_n so_o agreeable_a to_o it_o be_v actual_o exhibit_v this_o i_o suppose_v performable_a two_o differ_v way_n namely_o by_o mix_v or_o as_o chemist_n speak_v amalgamate_v mercury_n either_o with_o gold_n to_o make_v it_o a_o mixture_n more_o heavy_a or_o with_o some_o other_o metal_n that_o may_v make_v it_o more_o light_a than_o mercury_n alone_o be_v but_o the_o former_a of_o those_o two_o way_n i_o forbear_v to_o prosecute_v be_v where_o i_o then_o be_v unfurnished_v with_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o refine_a gold_n for_o that_o which_o be_v coin_v be_v general_o allay_v with_o silver_n or_o copper_n or_o both_o and_o therefore_o amalgamate_v mercury_n with_o a_o convenient_a proportion_n of_o pure_a tin_n or_o as_o the_o tradesman_n call_v it_o block-tin_n that_o the_o mixture_n may_v not_o be_v too_o thick_a to_o be_v ready_o pour_v out_o into_o a_o glass-tube_n and_o to_o subside_o in_o it_o we_o fill_v with_o this_o amalgam_n a_o cylindrical_a pipe_n seal_v at_o one_o end_n and_o of_o a_o fit_a length_n and_o then_o invert_v it_o into_o a_o little_a glass_n furnish_v with_o the_o like_a mixture_n of_o which_o trial_n the_o event_n be_v that_o the_o amalgam_n do_v not_o fall_v down_o to_o 29_o nor_o even_o to_o 30_o inch_n but_o stop_v at_o 31_o above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o stagnant_a mixture_n note_v 1_o that_o though_o one_o may_v expect_v that_o the_o event_n of_o the_o experiment_n will_v be_v the_o more_o considerable_a the_o great_a the_o quantity_n be_v that_o be_v mingle_v of_o the_o light_a metal_n yet_o care_n must_v be_v take_v that_o the_o amalgam_n be_v not_o make_v too_o thick_a least_o part_n of_o it_o stick_v here_o and_o there_o as_o we_o do_v to_o our_o trouble_n find_v it_o apt_a to_o do_v to_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o pipe_n by_o which_o mean_v some_o aerial_a corpuscle_n will_v meet_v with_o such_o convenient_a receptacle_n as_o to_o make_v it_o very_o difficult_a if_o not_o almost_o impossible_a to_o free_v the_o tube_n quite_o from_o air._n 2._o it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v worth_a while_n to_o try_v whether_o by_o compare_v the_o height_n of_o the_o amalgam_n to_o what_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v upon_o the_o score_n of_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o the_o mercury_n and_o the_o tin_n mingle_v in_o a_o know_a proportion_n in_o the_o amalgam_fw-la any_o discovery_n may_v be_v make_v whether_o those_o two_o metal_n do_v penetrate_v one_o another_o after_o such_o a_o manner_n for_o there_o be_v no_o strict_a penetration_n of_o dimension_n among_o body_n as_o copper_n and_o tin_n have_v as_o i_o elsewhere_o note_n be_v by_o some_o chemist_n observe_v to_o do_v when_o be_v melt_v down_o together_o they_o make_v up_o a_o more_o close_a and_o specifical_o ponderous_a body_n than_o their_o respective_a weight_n seem_v to_o require_v 3._o that_o by_o compare_v this_o 21._o experiment_n with_o the_o 18_o the_o of_o those_o former_o publish_v it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o height_n of_o the_o liquor_n suspend_v in_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n depend_v so_o much_o upon_o its_o aequilibrium_fw-la with_o the_o outward_a air_n that_o it_o may_v be_v vary_v by_o a_o change_n of_o gravity_n in_o either_o of_o the_o two_o body_n that_o counterbalance_v each_o other_o whether_o the_o change_n be_v of_o weight_n in_o the_o atmosphere_n or_o of_o specific_a gravity_n in_o the_o suspend_v liquor_n advertisement_n i_o shall_v here_o acquaint_v your_o lordship_n with_o what_o i_o have_v since_o try_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o 18_o the_o of_o the_o print_a experiment_n where_o i_o mention_v that_o i_o observe_v by_o long_o keep_v the_o same_o instrument_n with_o which_o i_o once_o make_v the_o torricellian_a experiment_n in_o the_o same_o place_n that_o the_o height_n of_o the_o suspend_v mercury_n will_v vary_v according_a as_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n happen_v to_o change_v but_o though_o about_o the_o barometer_n as_o other_o have_v by_o their_o imitation_n allow_v i_o to_o call_v the_o instrument_n hitherto_o mention_v put_v into_o a_o frame_n i_o make_v in_o the_o year_n 1660_o several_a observation_n that_o will_v not_o perhaps_o be_v impertinent_a in_o this_o place_n yet_o have_v long_o since_o leave_v they_o with_o a_o friend_n who_o live_v far_o off_o and_o not_o have_v they_o now_o in_o my_o power_n i_o must_v beg_v your_o lordship_n permission_n to_o reserve_v they_o for_o a_o part_n of_o the_o appendix_n which_o i_o doubt_v i_o shall_v be_v engage_v to_o add_v to_o this_o epistle_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o shall_v not_o forbear_v to_o present_v your_o lordship_n those_o other_o paper_n that_o i_o have_v by_o i_o relate_v to_o the_o barometer_n some_o of_o which_o will_v i_o presume_v sufficient_o confirm_v my_o late_o mention_a conjecture_n about_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o variation_n observe_v in_o the_o height_n of_o the_o suspend_v mercury_n experiment_n xxii_o wherein_o be_v propose_v a_o way_n of_o make_v barometer_n that_o may_v be_v transport_v even_o to_o distant_a country_n think_v it_o a_o desirable_a thing_n as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o intimate_v to_o be_v able_a to_o compare_v together_o by_o the_o help_n of_o barometer_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n at_o the_o same_o time_n not_o only_o in_o differ_v part_n of_o the_o same_o country_n as_o of_o england_n but_o in_o differ_v region_n of_o the_o world_n i_o can_v not_o but_o foresee_v that_o it_o will_v be_v very_o difficult_a to_o accomplish_v my_o desire_n without_o alter_v the_o form_n of_o the_o barometer_n i_o have_v hitherto_o make_v use_n of_o for_o as_o these_o be_v unfit_a to_o be_v transport_v far_o because_o that_o stagnant_a mercury_n will_v be_v so_o apt_a to_o spill_v so_o the_o procure_v they_o to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v to_o be_v use_v though_o it_o be_v no_o bad_a expedient_a and_o such_o as_o i_o have_v divers_a time_n make_v use_v of_o be_v liable_a to_o this_o inconvenience_n that_o beside_o that_o few_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n and_o have_v the_o skill_n requisite_a to_o make_v baroscope_n well_o though_o they_o be_v sufficient_o furnish_v with_o glass_n and_o mercury_n for_o that_o purpose_n beside_o this_o i_o say_v except_o man_n be_v more_o than_o ordinary_o diligent_a and_o skilful_a and_o perhaps_o though_o they_o be_v it_o will_v be_v very_o difficult_a to_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o baroscope_n new_o make_v in_o a_o remote_a country_n be_v as_o good_a and_o but_o as_o good_a as_o that_o which_o a_o man_n make_v use_v of_o in_o this_o in_o regard_n that_o at_o the_o make_n of_o the_o former_a they_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v no_o other_o baroscope_n to_o compare_v it_o with_o and_o to_o be_v sure_a they_o have_v not_o the_o same_o with_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v compare_v here._n be_v by_o these_o consideration_n invite_v to_o attempt_v the_o make_n of_o portable_a or_o travail_a baroscope_n if_o
such_o barrel_n but_o with_o a_o fouresquare_a bit_n as_o they_o call_v it_o which_o leave_v the_o cavity_n too_o angular_a or_o too_o imperfect_o round_a whereas_o if_o a_o hexahedrical_a bit_n be_v employ_v it_o will_v as_o he_o affirm_v make_v the_o cavity_n almost_o as_o cylindrical_a as_o can_v be_v reasonable_o desire_v i_o say_v nothing_o here_o of_o make_v use_n for_o our_o purpose_n of_o a_o trunk_n as_o they_o call_v a_o hollow_a cylinder_n of_o wood_n because_o i_o elsewhere_o show_v that_o wood_n at_o least_o such_o as_o the_o trunk_n to_o shoot_v pellet_n with_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v make_v of_o be_v not_o of_o a_o texture_n close_a enough_o for_o such_o a_o use_n 3._o because_o in_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n 30_o inch_n be_v a_o height_n which_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v seldom_o heavy_a enough_o to_o be_v able_a to_o counterpoise_v and_o because_o 29_o inch_n be_v somewhat_o near_o the_o middle_n between_o the_o great_a and_o the_o least_o height_n at_o which_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o mercury_n at_o differ_v time_n to_o stand_v in_o good_a barometer_n your_o lordship_n may_v if_o you_o please_v abate_v a_o 30_o the_o part_n of_o the_o weight_n assign_v above_o to_o a_o mercurial_a cylinder_n of_o 30_o inch_n though_o i_o take_v 29_o and_o ¼_n or_o thereabouts_o to_o be_v somewhat_o a_o more_o usual_a height_n of_o the_o mercury_n than_o precise_o nine_o and_o twenty_o 4._o the_o weight_n of_o a_o mercurial_a cylinder_n in_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la with_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o of_o one_o inch_n in_o diameter_n be_v thus_o settle_v we_o may_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o proportion_n and_o a_o few_o proposition_n especial_o the_o 14_o the_o of_o the_o 12_o the_o book_n of_o euclides_n element_n easy_o enough_o calculate_v the_o weight_n of_o a_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n of_o another_o diameter_n and_o consequent_o the_o force_n of_o the_o pressure_n of_o a_o atmospherical_a pillar_n of_o the_o same_o diameter_n for_o since_o according_a to_o the_o forename_a 14_o the_o proposition_n of_o the_o 12_o the_o cylinder_v of_o equal_a base_n be_v to_o one_o another_o as_o their_o height_n and_o since_o by_o the_o 2_o d_o proposition_n of_o the_o same_o 12._o element_n circle_n such_o as_o be_v the_o base_n of_o cylinder_n be_v to_o one_o another_o as_o the_o square_n of_o their_o diameter_n and_o since_o last_o we_o suppose_v that_o mercury_n be_v a_o homogeneous_a body_n at_o least_o as_o to_o sense_n the_o mercurial_a cylinder_n will_v have_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o each_o other_o in_o weight_n that_o they_o have_v in_o bulk_n since_o i_o say_v these_o thing_n be_v so_o if_o for_o instance_n we_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o will_v be_v the_o weight_n of_o a_o cylinder_n of_o 30_o inch_n high_a who_o diameter_n be_v two_o inch_n the_o rule_n will_v be_v this_o as_o the_o square_n of_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o standard_n cylinder_n as_o i_o call_v that_o who_o weight_n be_v already_o know_v be_v to_o the_o square_n of_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o cylinder_n propose_v so_o will_v the_o bulk_n of_o the_o former_a cylinder_n be_n to_o that_o of_o the_o late_a and_o the_o weight_n of_o that_o to_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o according_a to_o which_o rule_n the_o square_a of_o 1_o inch_n which_o be_v the_o diameter_n of_o the_o standard_n cylinder_n be_v but_o 1_o whereby_o your_o lordship_n may_v perceive_v how_o much_o the_o measure_n i_o pitch_v on_o facilitate_v computation_n and_o the_o square_a of_o 2_o which_o be_v the_o diameter_n of_o the_o propose_v cylinder_n being_z 4_o the_o bulk_n or_o solid_a content_n of_o this_o late_a cylinder_n and_o consequent_o its_o weight_n will_v be_v 4_o time_n as_o great_a as_o those_o of_o the_o standard_n cylinder_n and_o so_o since_o the_o lesser_a have_v be_v already_o suppose_v to_o weigh_v 11_o 8l_o haberdupoise_n the_o mercurial_a cylinder_n of_o two_o inch_n in_o diameter_n will_v weigh_v 47_o 2l_o of_o the_o same_o weight_n experiment_n xxxi_o about_o the_o attractive_a virtue_n of_o the_o loadstone_n in_o a_o exhaust_v receiver_n some_o learned_a modern_a philosopher_n that_o have_v attempt_v to_o explicate_v the_o cause_n and_o manner_n of_o magnetical_a attraction_n or_o coition_n give_v such_o a_o account_n of_o it_o as_o suppose_n that_o the_o air_n between_o the_o two_o magnetical_a body_n be_v drive_v away_o by_o their_o effluvium_n from_o between_o they_o press_v they_o on_o the_o part_n opposite_a to_o those_o where_o the_o contact_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o upon_o some_o such_o score_n for_o i_o must_v not_o now_o stay_v to_o deliver_v their_o theory_n circumstantial_o the_o air_n be_v suppose_v to_o contribute_v very_o much_o to_o the_o attraction_n and_o sustentation_n of_o the_o iron_n by_o the_o loadstone_n wherefore_o partly_o to_o examine_v this_o opinion_n and_o partly_o for_o some_o other_o purpose_v not_o necessary_a now_o to_o be_v mention_v we_o think_v fit_a to_o make_v the_o follow_a exptriment_n we_o take_v a_o small_a but_o vigorous_a loadstone_n cape_v and_o fit_v with_o a_o loose_a plate_n of_o steel_n so_o shape_v that_o when_o it_o be_v sustain_v by_o the_o loadstone_n we_o can_v hang_v at_o a_o little_a crook_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o and_o point_v downward_o a_o scale_n wherein_o to_o put_v what_o weight_n we_o shall_v think_v fit_a into_o this_o scale_n we_o put_v sometime_o more_o and_o sometime_o less_o weight_n and_o then_o by_o shake_v of_o the_o loadstone_n as_o much_o as_o we_o guess_v it_o will_v be_v shake_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o engine_n we_o find_v the_o great_a weight_n that_o we_o presume_v it_o will_v be_v able_a to_o support_v in_o spite_n of_o the_o agitation_n it_o will_v be_v expose_v to_o which_o prove_v to_o be_v beside_o the_o iron-plate_n and_o the_o scale_n vi_o ounce_n troy_n weight_n to_o which_o if_o we_o add_v half_a a_o ounce_n more_o the_o whole_a weight_n appear_v too_o easy_a to_o be_v shake_v off_o this_o do_v we_o hang_v the_o loadstone_n with_o all_o the_o weight_n it_o sustain_v at_o a_o button_n of_o glass_n which_o we_o have_v procure_v to_o be_v fasten_v on_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o inside_n of_o a_o receiver_n when_o it_o be_v first_o blow_v and_o though_o in_o about_o 12_o exuction_n we_o usual_o empty_v such_o receiver_n as_o as_o much_o as_o be_v requisite_a for_o most_o experiment_n yet_o this_o time_n to_o exhaust_v it_o the_o more_o accurate_o we_o continue_v pump_v till_o we_o have_v exceed_v twice_o that_o number_n of_o exuction_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o time_n shake_v the_o engine_n somewhat_o rude_o without_o thereby_o shake_v off_o the_o weight_n that_o hang_v at_o the_o loastone_n the_o iron_n seem_v to_o be_v very_o near_o as_o firm_o sustain_v by_o it_o as_o before_o the_o air_n begin_v to_o be_v pump_v out_o i_o say_v very_o near_o rather_o than_o altogether_o because_o that_o the_o withdraw_n of_o the_o air_n though_o it_o be_v not_o suppose_v to_o weaken_v at_o all_o the_o power_n of_o the_o loadstone_n precise_o consider_v yet_o it_o must_v lessen_v its_o power_n to_o sustain_v the_o steel_n because_o this_o in_o so_o thin_a a_o medium_n must_v weigh_v heavy_a than_o in_o the_o air_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o as_o much_o air_n as_o be_v equal_a in_o bulk_n to_o the_o append_v body_n some_o other_o magnetical_a trial_n and_o also_o some_o electrical_a one_o i_o remember_v i_o attempt_v to_o make_v by_o the_o help_n of_o our_o engine_n but_o not_o have_v the_o note_n i_o take_v of_o they_o now_o at_o hand_n i_o shall_v suspend_v the_o mention_v they_o till_o i_o can_v give_v your_o lordship_n a_o more_o punctual_a account_n of_o they_o experiment_n xxxii_o show_v that_o when_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_n air_n be_v take_v off_o it_o be_v very_o easy_a to_o draw_v up_o the_o sucker_n of_o a_o syringe_n though_o the_o hole_n at_o which_o the_o air_n or_o water_n shall_v succeed_v be_v stop_v have_v take_v notice_n that_o some_o learned_a opposer_n of_o the_o modern_a doctrine_n about_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n think_v themselves_o more_o than_o ordinary_o befriend_v by_o the_o difficulty_n we_o find_v in_o draw_v up_o the_o embolus_fw-la or_o sucker_n of_o a_o syringe_n when_o the_o hole_n at_o which_o the_o air_n or_o water_n shall_v succeed_v be_v stop_v and_o by_o the_o violence_n with_o which_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v let_v go_v this_fw-mi as_o they_o imagine_v draw_v back_o and_o suppose_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o confidence_n of_o they_o to_o be_v that_o man_n have_v not_o yet_o be_v able_a in_o these_o phaenomena_n as_o in_o some_o other_o to_o prove_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n gravity_n by_o direct_a or_o confess_o analogous_fw-la experiment_n i_o presume_v it_o
at_o length_n let_v some_o aerial_a particle_n insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o cavity_n which_o the_o depression_n of_o the_o barrel_n have_v make_v betwixt_o the_o base_n of_o that_o barrel_n and_o the_o sucker_n and_o in_o such_o case_n we_o ought_v not_o to_o wonder_v if_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o the_o air_n the_o barrel_n and_o weight_n be_v not_o impel_v up_o all_o together_o to_o the_o same_o height_n they_o rest_v at_o when_o they_o be_v first_o suspend_v in_o the_o receiver_n 2._o it_o agree_v very_o well_o with_o our_o doctrine_n that_o as_o the_o cylinder_n and_o weight_n begin_v not_o to_o fall_v till_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o air_n have_v be_v pump_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n so_o they_o do_v not_o begin_v to_o move_v upward_o present_o upon_o the_o freedom_n that_o be_v allow_v the_o air_n to_o return_v into_o the_o receiver_n for_o till_o it_o have_v continue_v a_o pretty_a while_n flow_v in_o there_o be_v not_o enough_o of_o it_o enter_v to_o restore_v by_o its_o pressure_n the_o cylinder_n and_o the_o annex_v weight_n to_o their_o former_a situation_n 3._o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v about_o our_o experiment_n may_v be_v confirm_v by_o this_o variation_n which_o we_o make_v of_o it_o that_o have_v substitute_v a_o far_o heavy_a weight_n instead_o of_o that_o late_o mention_v the_o depression_n of_o the_o barrel_n of_o the_o syringe_n succeed_v 2_o or_o 3_o time_n one_o after_o another_o much_o soon_o than_o former_o viz._n about_o the_o six_o or_o at_o most_o the_o seven_o exuction_n experiment_n xxxiii_o about_o the_o open_n of_o a_o syringe_n who_o pipe_n be_v stop_v in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o it_o make_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n lift_v up_o a_o considerable_a weight_n though_o the_o trial_n i_o be_o about_o to_o relate_v have_v not_o all_o the_o success_n i_o desire_v yet_o perhaps_o it_o will_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o make_v mention_n of_o it_o because_o there_o be_v not_o any_o sort_n of_o experiment_n that_o be_v wont_n so_o much_o to_o persuade_v the_o generality_n of_o spectator_n of_o the_o great_a force_n of_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n as_o those_o wherein_o they_o plain_o see_v heavy_a and_o solid_a body_n make_v to_o ascend_v upon_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o they_o without_o see_v any_o other_o thing_n lift_v they_o up_o we_o take_v the_o often_o mention_a syringe_n and_o have_v close_v up_o the_o hole_n at_o the_o bottom_n with_o good_a cement_n we_o tie_v to_o the_o barrel_n a_o hollow_a piece_n of_o iron_n that_o serve_v we_o for_o a_o scale_n into_o which_o we_o put_v divers_a weight_n one_o after_o another_o try_v from_o time_n to_o time_n whether_o when_o the_o sucker_n be_v forcible_o draw_v up_o and_o hold_v steady_o in_o its_o high_a station_n the_o weight_n tie_v to_o the_o barrel_n which_o be_v hold_v down_o whilst_o the_o sucker_n be_v draw_v up_o and_o afterward_o let_v go_v will_v be_v considerable_o raise_v and_o when_o we_o perceive_v that_o the_o addition_n of_o half_a a_o pound_n or_o a_o pound_n more_o will_v make_v the_o weight_n too_o great_a to_o be_v so_o raise_v we_o forbear_v to_o put_v in_o that_o increase_n of_o weight_n and_o have_v tie_v the_o handle_n of_o the_o rammer_n to_o the_o turning-key_n we_o convey_v the_o syringe_n together_o with_o its_o clog_n into_o a_o receiver_n out_o of_o which_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o air_n be_v pump_v we_o be_v thereby_o enable_v easy_o to_o draw_v up_o the_o sucker_n without_o the_o cylinder_n after_o which_o have_v let_v in_o the_o air_n the_o bystander_n conclude_v that_o the_o weight_n be_v raise_v a_o little_a which_o yet_o i_o will_v not_o have_v allow_v if_o we_o have_v not_o be_v able_a by_o incline_v the_o engine_n and_o the_o receiver_n to_o make_v the_o syringe_n and_o weight_n a_o little_a to_o swing_n but_o to_o make_v the_o effect_n more_o evident_a i_o cause_v a_o two_o pound_n weight_n to_o be_v take_v out_o and_o then_o the_o receiver_n be_v somewhat_o exhaust_v and_o the_o air_n readmit_v the_o clog_n when_o all_o the_o air_n be_v come_v in_o be_v swift_o raise_v and_o as_o it_o be_v snatch_v up_o from_o the_o middle_n to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o suspend_v rammer_n it_o be_v no_o easy_a matter_n to_o measure_n with_o any_o certainty_n and_o exactness_n by_o a_o syringe_n the_o weight_n of_o a_o atmospherical_a pillar_n equal_a to_o it_o in_o diameter_n especial_o if_o there_o be_v any_o imperfection_n in_o the_o syringe_n either_o because_o the_o sucker_n do_v not_o go_v close_o enough_o in_o which_o case_n it_o can_v scarce_o be_v staunch_a or_o because_o by_o its_o pressure_n against_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o barrel_n which_o often_o happen_v if_o it_o be_v too_o close_o it_o hinder_v the_o sucker_n and_o barrel_n from_o slide_v without_o resistance_n by_o one_o another_o and_o consequent_o there_o be_v a_o undue_a resistance_n make_v to_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n to_o raise_v the_o barrel_n and_o weight_n and_o therefore_o though_o our_o syringe_n be_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o some_o ill_a accident_n less_o in_o order_n than_o it_o be_v in_o some_o of_o the_o forego_n experiment_n i_o must_v not_o conclude_v that_o a_o cylinder_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n of_o the_o same_o wideness_n with_o it_o be_v equipollent_a to_o no_o great_a a_o weight_n than_o that_o which_o be_v take_v up_o in_o our_o trial_n yet_o we_o may_v safe_o conclude_v that_o so_o slender_a a_o pillar_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v able_a to_o raise_v by_o a_o syringe_n at_o least_o such_o a_o weight_n as_o in_o our_o experiment_n it_o actual_o lift_v up_o which_o amount_v to_o about_o sixteen_o pound_n haberdupoise_n weight_n for_o it_o exceed_v fifteen_o pound_n and_o three_o quarter_n beside_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o syringe_n barrel_n itself_o experiment_n xxxiv_o show_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o ascension_n of_o liquor_n in_o syringe_n be_v to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air._n i_o shall_v not_o here_o trouble_v your_o lordship_n with_o what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o propose_v about_o the_o explicate_a of_o suction_n but_o as_o by_o the_o late_o recite_v experiment_n i_o mean_v the_o 31_o 32_o and_o 33_o it_o have_v appear_v that_o it_o be_v to_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_n air_n that_o we_o shall_v ascribe_v the_o difficulty_n of_o draw_v up_o the_o sucker_n of_o a_o syringe_n when_o the_o pipe_n or_o the_o vent_n be_v stop_v so_o i_o shall_v now_o endeavour_v to_o show_v that_o the_o ascension_n of_o liquor_n which_o follow_v the_o sucker_n when_o it_o be_v draw_v up_o the_o pipe_n be_v open_a depend_v also_o upon_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n incumbent_a on_o that_o liquor_n if_o i_o have_v be_v furnish_v with_o very_o tall_a receiver_n and_o such_o other_o glass_n as_o i_o can_v have_v wish_v i_o have_v try_v the_o follow_a experiment_n with_o water_n as_o well_o as_o quicksilver_n but_o for_o want_v of_o those_o accommodation_n i_o be_v reduce_v to_o make_v my_o experiment_n with_o the_o late_a only_o of_o those_o liquor_n which_o yet_o will_v i_o hope_v sufficient_o make_v out_o what_o be_v intend_v the_o i._o trial_n we_o take_v a_o small_a receiver_n shape_v almost_o like_o a_o pear_n cut_v off_o horizontal_o at_o both_o end_n be_v the_o same_o cape_v glass_n that_o be_v elsewhere_o mention_v in_o the_o account_n of_o other_o experiment_n plate_n we_o also_o take_v the_o syringe_n former_o describe_v and_o have_v fasten_v on_o to_o it_o with_o good_a cement_n in_o stead_n of_o its_o own_o brass-pipe_n a_o small_a glass_n pipe_n of_o about_o half_a a_o foot_n in_o length_n we_o put_v this_o syringe_n in_o at_o the_o narrow_a end_n of_o the_o receiver_n to_o who_o orifice_n be_v afterward_o careful_o cement_v on_o the_o brass-cap_n with_o the_o turning-key_n whereto_o be_v tie_v by_o a_o string_n the_o handle_n of_o the_o rammer_n then_o have_v convenient_o place_v upon_o the_o engine_n a_o very_a short_a thick_a glass_n shape_v like_o a_o sugar-loaf_n which_o be_v make_v use_n of_o for_o want_v of_o a_o better_a with_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o quicksilver_n in_o it_o we_o so_o place_v the_o receiver_n over_o it_o that_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o pipe_n of_o the_o syringe_n reach_v almost_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o glass_n and_o consequent_o be_v immerse_v a_o pretty_a way_n beneath_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o quick_a silver_n we_o have_v also_o pour_v a_o little_a water_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o syringe_n that_o no_o air_n may_v get_v in_o between_o the_o sucker_n and_o the_o cylinder_n notwithstanding_o that_o by_o some_o accident_n or_o other_o the_o syringe_n be_v become_v somewhat_o less_o tite_n than_o before_o and_o last_o
of_o all_o we_o cement_v the_o receiver_n to_o the_o engine_n after_o the_o usual_a manner_n that_o which_o now_o remain_v be_v to_o try_v the_o experiment_n itself_o in_o order_n to_o which_o all_o this_o have_v be_v do_v the_o air_n be_v pump_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n and_o consequent_o out_o of_o the_o little_a glass_n that_o hold_v the_o mercury_n and_o then_o the_o sucker_n be_v wary_o draw_v up_o we_o can_v not_o see_v the_o quicksilver_n ascend_v to_o follow_v it_o though_o a_o little_a water_n which_o it_o seem_v the_o outward_a air_n have_v thrust_v in_o between_o the_o sucker_n and_o the_o cylinder_n be_v either_o raise_v or_o stop_v in_o the_o glass-pipe_n of_o the_o syringe_n whereof_o yet_o much_o the_o great_a part_n remain_v unfilled_a of_o which_o the_o reason_n according_a to_o our_o hypothesis_n be_v manifest_a namely_o that_o the_o air_n be_v pump_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n the_o little_a that_o remain_v have_v not_o strength_n enough_o to_o press_v up_o so_o ponderous_a a_o liquor_n as_o the_o quicksilver_n into_o the_o pipe_n though_o even_o that_o little_a unexhausted_a air_n may_v have_v spring_n enough_o leave_v to_o raise_v a_o little_a water_n and_o since_o it_o appear_v by_o this_o that_o without_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n the_o quicksilver_n will_v not_o be_v elevate_v we_o think_v it_o seasonable_a to_o show_v that_o by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n it_o will_v whereupon_o the_o air_n be_v let_v slow_o into_o the_o receiver_n the_o mercury_n be_v quick_o impel_v up_o at_o least_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o glass-pipe_n though_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o unperceived_a leak_n it_o be_v not_o long_o sustain_v there_o and_o for_o further_a satisfaction_n when_o the_o experiment_n be_v to_o be_v try_v over_o again_o we_o order_v it_o to_o be_v so_o make_v that_o it_o may_v plain_o be_v observe_v that_o though_o when_o the_o receiver_n not_o be_v yet_o exhaust_v the_o sucker_n be_v draw_v up_o but_o one_o inch_n the_o 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though_o the_o pipe_n be_v open_a and_o the_o liquor_n it_o be_v immerse_v in_o may_v have_v have_v free_a access_n to_o the_o place_n desert_v by_o the_o sucker_n the_o ii_o trial_n be_v a_o prosecution_n of_o the_o former_a attempt_n to_o vary_v as_o well_o as_o confirm_v the_o forego_n experiment_n we_o cause_v the_o syringe_n to_o be_v tie_v fast_o to_o a_o competent_o ponderous_a body_n that_o may_v keep_v the_o cylinder_n unmoved_a when_o the_o sucker_n shall_v be_v draw_v up_o we_o also_o cement_v on_o to_o the_o vent_n or_o screw_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o syringe_n a_o pipe_n of_o glass_n of_o about_o two_o inch_n in_o length_n which_o shall_v have_v be_v long_o but_o that_o then_o there_o will_v not_o have_v be_v room_n in_o the_o receiver_n for_o the_o pull_n up_o of_o the_o sucker_n and_o have_v place_v the_o heavy_a body_n whereto_o the_o syringe_n be_v tie_v upon_o a_o pedestal_n of_o a_o convenient_a height_n that_o the_o glass-pipe_n may_v be_v all_o see_v 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be_v to_o be_v absent_a for_o a_o while_n myself_o that_o the_o pipe_n shall_v be_v fill_v with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n tinct_a with_o cocheneel_n that_o the_o liquor_n and_o its_o motion_n may_v be_v the_o better_o discern_v and_o that_o the_o pipe_n be_v fill_v that_o air_n may_v be_v exclude_v which_o will_v else_o be_v harbour_v in_o the_o pipe_n which_o caution_n be_v omit_v in_o the_o forego_n experiment_n and_o this_o the_o person_n to_o who_o i_o commit_v it_o affirm_v to_o have_v be_v careful_o do_v though_o when_o he_o invert_v the_o pipe_n thus_o fill_v into_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o red_a liquor_n that_o be_v put_v into_o a_o viol_n he_o can_v not_o possible_o do_v it_o so_o well_o but_o that_o a_o bubble_n of_o air_n get_v into_o the_o pipe_n and_o take_v up_o some_o though_o but_o a_o little_a room_n there_o by_o that_o time_n i_o be_v call_v upon_o to_o see_v the_o event_n of_o the_o trial_n and_o can_v come_v to_o look_v upon_o it_o the_o receiver_n be_v almost_o quite_o 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the_o small_a quantity_n of_o liquor_n that_o remain_v in_o the_o viol_n and_o the_o plenty_n of_o it_o which_o come_v out_o of_o the_o syringe_n nb._n that_o if_o i_o have_v not_o want_v dexterous_a artificer_n to_o work_v according_a to_o a_o contrivance_n i_o have_v design_v i_o have_v attempt_v to_o imitate_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o bare_a spring_n of_o the_o air_n such_o experiment_n as_o in_o the_o late_o recite_v trial_n be_v make_v to_o succeed_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o pressure_n exercise_v by_o the_o air_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o its_o weight_n experiment_n xxxv_o show_v that_o upon_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n depend_v the_o stick_n of_o cup_a glass_n to_o the_o fleshy_a part_n they_o be_v apply_v to_o it_o be_v sufficient_o know_v that_o if_o the_o air_n within_o a_o cup_a glass_n be_v rarify_v by_o the_o flame_n of_o tow_n flax_n or_o the_o like_a burn_v for_o a_o little_a while_n in_o it_o and_o the_o glass_n be_v present_o clap_v upon_o some_o 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the_o air._n those_o modern_n that_o assert_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n do_v thence_o ingenious_o endeavour_v to_o deduce_v the_o phaenomenon_n and_o indeed_o if_o to_o their_o hypothesis_n about_o the_o air_n weight_n the_o consideration_n of_o its_o spring_n be_v add_v it_o will_v be_v easy_a enough_o to_o explicate_v the_o phaenomenon_n by_o say_v that_o when_o the_o cup_a glass_n be_v first_o set_v on_o though_o much_o of_o the_o air_n it_o former_o contain_v be_v a_o little_a before_o expel_v by_o the_o heat_n yet_o the_o same_o heat_n increase_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o remain_a air_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o air_n drive_v out_o of_o the_o glass_n do_v not_o immediate_o occasion_v so_o sensible_a a_o pain_n but_o when_o that_o adventitious_a agitation_n of_o the_o include_v air_n cease_v that_o air_n have_v now_o because_o of_o the_o paucity_n of_o its_o corpuscle_n but_o a_o weak_a spring_n can_v no_o long_o press_v upon_o the_o part_n cover_v by_o the_o cup_a glass_n near_o so_o strong_o as_o the_o outward_a air_n do_v by_o its_o weight_n press_v upon_o all_o the_o neighbour_a part_n of_o the_o flesh_n by_o which_o mean_v according_a to_o what_o we_o have_v more_o than_o once_o explicate_v already_o some_o of_o the_o yield_a flesh_n or_o other_o body_n cover_v by_o the_o skin_n must_v be_v forcible_o thrust_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o cup_a glass_n where_o there_o be_v less_o pressure_n then_o at_o the_o outside_n of_o it_o and_o the_o fibre_n and_o membranous_a part_n be_v thus_o violent_o stretch_v there_o must_v needs_o follow_v a_o sensible_a pain_n as_o well_o as_o tumour_n which_o tumour_n yet_o do_v not_o fill_v up_o the_o cup_a glass_n not_o only_o because_o of_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o skin_n to_o be_v so_o far_o distend_v but_o also_o if_o the_o include_v air_n have_v not_o be_v much_o rarify_v because_o of_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o imprison_a air_n which_o grow_v so_o much_o the_o strong_a by_o how_o much_o the_o swell_a flesh_n reduce_v the_o air_n into_o less_o room_n as_o i_o have_v sometime_o try_v by_o apply_v a_o cup_a glass_n to_o quicksilver_n or_o even_o to_o water_n which_o will_v rise_v in_o it_o but_o to_o a_o certain_a height_n but_o though_o by_o this_o or_o some_o such_o explication_n the_o argument_n urge_v by_o the_o school_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la may_v be_v sufficient_o enervate_v yet_o it_o suit_v better_a with_o the_o design_n of_o this_o treatise_n to_o propose_v some_o new_a experiment_n to_o illustrate_v our_o hypothesis_n and_o though_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v far_o more_o difficult_a to_o do_v it_o in_o reference_n to_o cup_a glass_n than_o to_o other_o subject_n yet_o i_o pitch_v upon_o two_o different_a way_n of_o experiment_v who_o success_n not_o disappoint_v i_o i_o shall_v now_o give_v your_o lordship_n a_o account_n of_o they_o we_o take_v a_o glass_n of_o about_o one_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a in_o diameter_n but_o a_o good_a deal_n long_o than_o a_o ordinary_o shape_v cup_v glass_n of_o that_o breadth_n will_v have_v be_v that_o there_o may_v be_v the_o more_o room_n for_o the_o flame_n to_o burn_v in_o it_o and_o rarify_v the_o air._n we_o also_o provide_v a_o receiver_n shape_v almost_o like_o a_o pear_n this_o receiver_n be_v open_a at_o both_o end_n at_o the_o sharp_a whereof_o there_o be_v but_o a_o small_a orifice_n but_o at_o the_o obtuse_a end_n there_o rise_v up_o a_o short_a neck_n who_o orifice_n be_v wide_a enough_o to_o admit_v with_o ease_n the_o new_o mention_v cup_v glass_n without_o touch_v the_o side_n of_o it_o and_o we_o be_v not_o willing_a it_o shall_v be_v much_o large_a lest_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o exact_o cover_v by_o the_o palm_n of_o the_o hand_n that_o shall_v be_v lay_v upon_o it_o and_o lest_o also_o the_o hand_n shall_v be_v break_v or_o hurt_v by_o the_o too_o great_a weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n when_o the_o include_v air_n shall_v be_v withdraw_v 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if_o at_o all_o favour_v the_o success_n but_o there_o happen_v a_o thing_n which_o do_v manifest_o enough_o disfavour_v it_o for_o i_o remember_v that_o before_o the_o syringe_n be_v put_v into_o the_o receiver_n when_o we_o be_v try_v how_o the_o weight_n will_v depress_v it_o and_o it_o be_v think_v that_o though_o the_o weight_n be_v convenient_o shape_v yet_o it_o be_v a_o little_a of_o the_o least_o i_o will_v not_o alter_v it_o but_o foretell_v that_o when_o the_o air_n in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o syringe_n that_o now_o resist_v the_o quickness_n of_o its_o descent_n because_o so_o much_o air_n can_v not_o easy_o and_o nimble_o get_v out_o at_o so_o small_a a_o pipe_n shall_v be_v exhaust_v with_o the_o other_o air_n of_o the_o receiver_n the_o elevate_a sucker_n will_v fall_v down_o more_o easy_o which_o he_o that_o be_v employ_v to_o manage_v the_o syringe_n whilst_o i_o watch_v the_o feather_n affirm_v himself_o afterward_o to_o observe_v very_o evident_o so_o that_o 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that_o he_o can_v perceive_v and_o but_o just_a perceive_v something_o of_o sound_n that_o seem_v to_o come_v from_o far_o though_o neither_o we_o that_o listen_v very_o attentive_o near_o other_o part_n of_o the_o receiver_n nor_o he_o if_o his_o ear_n be_v no_o more_o advantage_v in_o point_n of_o position_n than_o we_o be_v satisfy_v that_o we_o hear_v the_o watch_n at_o all_o wherefore_o order_v some_o air_n to_o be_v let_v in_o we_o do_v by_o the_o help_n of_o attention_n begin_v to_o hear_v the_o alarm_n who_o sound_n be_v odd_a enough_o and_o by_o return_v the_o stop-cock_n to_o keep_v any_o more_o air_n from_o get_v in_o we_o keep_v the_o sound_n thus_o low_a for_o a_o pretty_a while_n after_o which_o a_o little_a more_o air_n that_o be_v permit_v to_o enter_v make_v it_o become_v more_o audible_a and_o when_o the_o air_n be_v yet_o more_o free_o admit_v the_o by_o stander_n can_v plain_o hear_v the_o noise_n of_o the_o yet_o continue_v alarm_n at_o a_o considerable_a 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in_o such_o a_o vacuum_n as_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o experiment_n require_v if_o i_o have_v have_v conveniency_n i_o will_v have_v make_v some_o trial_n by_o convey_v a_o small_a string_a instrument_n perhaps_o some_o such_o as_o they_o common_o call_v a_o kit_n exact_o tune_v into_o a_o large_a receiver_n and_o then_o upon_o brisk_o strike_v the_o string_n of_o a_o big_a instrument_n tune_v as_o they_o speak_v to_o a_o unison_n to_o or_o with_o that_o of_o the_o small_a instrument_n i_o shall_v have_v take_v notice_n whether_o the_o sound_n will_v have_v be_v so_o uniform_o propagate_v notwithstanding_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o glass_n receiver_n as_o sensible_o to_o shake_v the_o include_v string_n in_o order_n to_o the_o discern_a of_o which_o a_o bend_a piece_n of_o straw_n or_o feather_n or_o some_o such_o light_a body_n be_v to_o be_v horse_v upon_o the_o string_n to_o be_v shake_v i_o also_o intend_v in_o case_n the_o string_n be_v make_v to_o move_v to_o make_v the_o 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dissilition_n of_o the_o glass_n will_v succeed_v when_o the_o air_n be_v pump_v out_o of_o it_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o ascribe_v that_o effect_n to_o the_o irruption_n of_o the_o external_a air_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o try_v what_o will_v happen_v if_o a_o glass-drop_n be_v break_v in_o our_o exhaust_a receiver_n and_o according_o do_v though_o not_o without_o some_o difficulty_n so_o order_v the_o matter_n that_o the_o blunt_a part_n of_o the_o glass-drop_n be_v fasten_v to_o a_o stable_a body_n convey_v into_o the_o receiver_n and_o the_o crooked_a stem_n be_v tie_v to_o one_o end_n of_o a_o string_n who_o other_o end_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o turning-key_n by_o which_o mean_n when_o the_o air_n have_v be_v diligent_o pump_v out_o the_o stem_n be_v by_o shorten_v the_o string_n break_v off_o and_o the_o glass_n drop_n be_v shatter_v into_o a_o thousand_o piece_n this_o experiment_n be_v long_o after_o repeat_v with_o the_o like_a success_n and_o have_v at_o that_o time_n no_o 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not_o very_o thick_a may_v in_o their_o passage_n along_o the_o sugar_n grate_n or_o rub_v forcible_o against_o it_o and_o then_o the_o receiver_n be_v diligent_o exhaust_v in_o the_o nighttime_n and_o in_o a_o dark_a room_n the_o vertical_a cylinder_n who_o low_a axis_n be_v insert_v into_o the_o often_o mention_a trencher_n be_v make_v for_o a_o pretty_a while_n to_o move_v round_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o turning-key_n experiment_n manage_v by_o a_o hand_n steady_a and_o strong_a enough_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o iron_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o vertical_a cylinder_n make_v in_o their_o passage_n vigorous_a impression_n upon_o the_o sugar_n that_o stand_v somewhat_o in_o their_o way_n there_o be_v manifest_o produce_v a_o good_a number_n of_o little_a flash_n and_o sometime_o too_o though_o not_o frequent_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v strike_v off_o little_a spark_n of_o fire_n experiment_n xliv_o about_o the_o production_n of_o a_o kind_n of_o halo_n and_o colour_n in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n we_o take_v a_o large_a invert_v cucurbite_n for_o a_o receiver_n which_o be_v so_o well_o wipe_v both_o within_o and_o without_o as_o to_o be_v very_o clear_a allow_v i_o to_o observe_v and_o to_o make_v other_o do_v so_o too_o that_o when_o the_o pump_n begin_v to_o be_v set_v a_o work_n if_o i_o cause_v a_o pretty_a large_a candle_n to_o be_v hold_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n upon_o the_o turn_n of_o the_o stop-cock_n to_o let_v the_o air_n out_o of_o the_o receiver_n into_o the_o cylinder_n the_o glass_n will_v seem_v to_o be_v full_a of_o fume_n and_o there_o will_v appear_v about_o the_o flame_n of_o the_o candle_n see_v through_o they_o a_o kind_n of_o halo_n that_o at_o first_o common_o be_v between_o blue_n and_o green_a and_o after_o some_o suck_v will_v be_v of_o a_o reddish_n or_o orange_n colour_n and_o both_o very_a vivid_n the_o production_n of_o this_o meteor_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o be_v according_a to_o my_o conjecture_n make_v on_o some_o such_o score_n as_o this_o that_o the_o cement_n be_v somewhat_o soft_a and_o new_a as_o be_v convenient_a for_o this_o experiment_n abound_v with_o turpentine_n and_o have_v a_o little_a as_o well_o to_o fasten_v on_o the_o receiver_n as_o for_o the_o other_o purpose_n apply_v to_o it_o a_o hot_a iron_n whereby_o the_o cement_n be_v both_o soften_v and_o heat_v it_o seem_v rational_a to_o expect_v that_o upon_o the_o withdraw_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o receiver_n the_o aerial_a particle_n in_o the_o cement_n free_v from_o their_o former_a pressure_n will_v extricate_v themselves_o and_o with_o the_o loose_a steam_n of_o the_o turpentine_n and_o perhaps_o of_o the_o bees-wax_n will_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o explosion_n expand_v themselves_o in_o the_o receiver_n and_o by_o their_o interposition_n between_o the_o light_n and_o the_o eye_n exhibit_v those_o delightful_a colour_n we_o have_v see_v to_o confirm_v which_o i_o afterward_o find_v that_o by_o 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exhalation_n than_o i_o can_v content_o endure_v to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v this_o example_n more_o that_o have_v once_o make_v a_o chemical_a mixture_n of_o a_o metalline_a body_n and_o coagulate_v mercury_n which_o you_o will_v believe_v can_v not_o but_o be_v ponderous_a though_o this_o mixture_n have_v already_o endure_v as_o violent_a a_o fire_n as_o be_v necessary_a to_o bring_v it_o to_o fusion_n in_o order_n to_o cast_v it_o into_o ring_n yet_o it_o be_v so_o dispose_v to_o part_n with_o corporeal_a efflux_n that_o a_o very_a ingenious_a person_n that_o practise_a physic_n and_o be_v there_o when_o i_o make_v it_o earnest_o beg_v a_o little_a of_o it_o of_o i_o for_o some_o patient_n trouble_v with_o distemper_n in_o the_o eye_n and_o other_o part_n remote_a enough_o from_o
not_o often_o cure_v both_o himself_o and_o other_o by_o wear_v this_o stone_n about_o his_o neck_n which_o if_o he_o leave_v off_o as_o sometime_o he_o do_v for_o trial_n sake_n his_o exceed_o sanguine_a complexion_n to_o which_o i_o have_v rare_o see_v a_o match_n will_v in_o a_o few_o day_n cast_v he_o into_o relapse_n what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o tell_v you_o about_o the_o true_a virtue_n of_o some_o stone_n for_o i_o fear_v that_o most_o of_o those_o that_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o they_o be_v false_a may_v give_v some_o confirmation_n to_o what_o i_o have_v be_v deliver_v which_o i_o can_v now_o stay_v to_o do_v be_v to_o draw_v to_o a_o conclusion_n as_o soon_o as_o i_o have_v put_v you_o in_o mind_n that_o it_o will_v not_o probable_o have_v ever_o be_v expect_v that_o so_o ponderous_a and_o solid_a a_o body_n as_o the_o loadstone_n shall_v be_v environ_v by_o a_o atmosphere_n if_o iron_n have_v be_v a_o scarce_a mineral_n and_o have_v not_o chance_v to_o have_v be_v place_v near_o it_o and_o with_o this_o instance_n i_o shall_v put_v a_o end_n to_o these_o note_n because_o it_o allow_v i_o to_o make_v this_o reflextion_n that_o since_o solid_a body_n may_v have_v constant_a atmosphere_n about_o they_o and_o yet_o not_o discover_v that_o they_o have_v so_o but_o by_o their_o operation_n upon_o one_o particular_a body_n or_o those_o few_o which_o participate_v of_o that_o and_o since_o there_o be_v already_o as_o we_o have_v see_v very_o differ_v way_n whereby_o body_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v exhaleable_a it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a that_o there_o may_v be_v more_o and_o more_o body_n even_o of_o those_o that_o be_v solid_a and_o hard_a find_v to_o emit_v effluvia_fw-la as_o more_o and_o more_o way_n of_o discover_v that_o they_o do_v so_o shall_v either_o by_o chance_n or_o industry_n be_v bring_v to_o light_v finis_fw-la the_o content_n experiment_n 1._o about_o the_o raise_n of_o mercury_n to_o a_o great_a height_n in_o a_o open_a tube_n by_o the_o spring_n of_o a_o little_a include_v air._n 2_o wherein_o be_v set_v down_o the_o height_n the_o mercury_n be_v raise_v to_o p._n 3._o its_o sudden_a ascent_n upon_o the_o first_o suck_v with_o the_o vibration_n it_o make_v before_o it_o settle_v what_o proportion_n of_o height_n it_o have_v upon_o the_o several_a exuction_n and_o what_o height_n the_o mercury_n be_v at_o in_o the_o barometer_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trial_n of_o this_o experiment_n p._n 2._o 3._o 4._o as_o also_o what_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o include_v air_n be_v and_o how_o the_o experiment_n may_v be_v make_v use_n of_o against_o those_o that_o in_o the_o explication_n of_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n recur_v to_o a_o funiculus_fw-la or_o a_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la p._n 5._o 6_o experiment_n 2._o show_v that_o much_o include_v air_n raise_v mercury_n in_o a_o open_a tube_n no_o high_a than_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n may_v in_o a_o baroscope_n 7_o the_o reason_n that_o induce_v the_o author_n to_o think_v it_o will_v be_v so_o the_o success_n of_o the_o experiment_n and_o notice_n take_v of_o the_o great_a force_n of_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o air_n then_o when_o it_o can_v not_o raise_v the_o mercury_n any_o high_a 8._o 9_o 10._o experiment_n 3._o show_v that_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o include_v air_n will_v raise_v mercury_n to_o almost_o equal_a height_n in_o very_o unequal_a tube_n 10_o of_o the_o allowance_n that_o be_v to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o weaken_n of_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o air_n whilst_o it_o expand_v itself_o into_o the_o place_n of_o a_o large_a cylinder_n of_o mercury_n together_o with_o the_o reason_n why_o this_o and_o the_o former_a experiment_n be_v not_o try_v in_o water_n as_o also_o a_o account_n of_o a_o adventitious_a spring_n that_o be_v superad_v to_o the_o air_n by_o heat_n 11._o 12._o 13_o experiment_n 4._o about_o a_o new_a hydraulo-pneumatical_a fountain_n make_v by_o the_o spring_n of_o uncompressed_a air._n 13._o several_a direction_n for_o it_o 14._o 15._o the_o use_n to_o be_v make_v of_o it_o as_o in_o hydraulo-pneumaticks_a or_o to_o show_v by_o what_o degree_n the_o air_n restore_v itself_o to_o its_o spring_n or_o especial_o to_o find_v what_o kind_n of_o line_n the_o salient_a water_n describe_v in_o rarify_v air._n 16._o etc._n etc._n experiment_n 5._o about_o a_o way_n of_o speedy_o break_v flat_a glass_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n 18_o experiment_n 6._o show_v that_o the_o break_n of_o glass_n plate_n in_o the_o forego_n experiment_n need_v not_o to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la 19_o experiment_n 7._o about_o a_o convenient_a way_n of_o break_v blow_v bladder_n by_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o air_n include_v in_o they_o 20_o and_o of_o the_o usefulness_n of_o this_o experiment_n in_o other_o trial_n 21_o experiment_n 8._o about_o the_o lift_n up_o a_o considerable_a weight_n by_o the_o bare_a spring_n of_o a_o little_a air_n include_v in_o a_o bladder_n 22_o with_o a_o hint_n that_o this_o may_v not_o be_v unserviceable_a for_o the_o explanation_n of_o the_o muscle_n 23_o experiment_n 9_o about_o the_o break_n of_o hermetical_o seal_v bubble_n of_o glass_n by_o the_o bare_a spring_n of_o their_o own_o air._n 24_o that_o they_o break_v not_o present_o and_o what_o the_o reason_n may_v be_v of_o the_o slowness_n of_o that_o effect_n ib._n 25_o experiment_n 10._o contain_v two_o or_o three_o trial_n of_o the_o force_n of_o the_o spring_n of_o our_o air_n uncompress_v upon_o stable_n and_o even_o solid_a body_n whereto_o it_o be_v external_a 25_o several_a trial_n of_o it_o with_o different_a circumstance_n that_o the_o vessel_n break_v not_o here_o neither_o immediate_o upon_o the_o last_o exuction_n 27_o with_o a_o note_n necessary_a for_o the_o practice_n of_o one_o of_o the_o trial_n 28_o experiment_n 11._o show_v that_o mercury_n will_v in_o tube_n be_v raise_v by_o suction_n no_o high_o than_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v able_a to_o impel_v it_o up_o 29_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o schoolman_n of_o a_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la show_v to_o be_v insufficient_a as_o also_o the_o supposition_n of_o a_o funiculus_fw-la 30_o etc._n etc._n some_o particular_n to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o concern_v the_o exhaust_v a_o siphon_n a_o instrument_n of_o frequent_a use_n in_o these_o experiment_n 32._o 33_o experiment_n 12._o about_o the_o differ_a height_n whereto_o liquor_n will_v be_v elevate_v by_o suction_n according_a to_o their_o several_a specific_a gravity_n 34_o notice_n give_v that_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o mercury_n to_o water_n be_v not_o quite_o as_o 14_o to_o 1._o 35._o 36_o the_o notion_n of_o a_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la unreasonable_a ib._n the_o use_n that_o may_v be_v make_v of_o this_o experiment_n in_o the_o estimate_v the_o gravity_n of_o several_a liquor_n with_o some_o trial_n thereupon_o 36._o 37._o 38_o experiment_n 13._o about_o the_o height_n to_o which_o water_n and_o mercury_n may_v be_v raise_v proportionable_o to_o their_o specific_a gravity_n by_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o air._n 38_o experiment_n 14._o about_o the_o height_n answerable_a to_o their_o respective_a gravity_n to_o which_o mercury_n and_o water_n will_v subside_o upon_o the_o withdraw_n of_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o air._n 39_o etc._n etc._n with_o notice_n of_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o trial_n and_o the_o allowance_n that_o must_v be_v make_v in_o it_o ib._n experiment_n 15._o about_o the_o great_a height_n to_o which_o water_n can_v be_v raise_v by_o attraction_n or_o sucking-pump_n 41_o the_o motive_n for_o the_o try_v of_o it_o the_o apparatus_n 42._o 43_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n the_o same_o compare_v to_o that_o of_o the_o quicksilver_n at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o a_o baroscope_n and_o examine_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o specific_a gravity_n 44._o etc._n etc._n some_o circumstance_n deliver_v that_o induce_v the_o author_n to_o think_v the_o trial_n be_v exact_o enough_o perform_v 46._o 47_o a_o intimation_n give_v of_o the_o difference_n there_o may_v be_v in_o these_o kind_n of_o trial_n from_o the_o vary_a weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n 49_o a_o mistake_n of_o writer_n of_o hydraulick_n in_o the_o conceit_n of_o carry_v water_n over_o never_o so_o high_a mountain_n 49._o 50_o experiment_n 16._o about_o the_o bend_n of_o a_o springy_a body_n in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n 50_o no_o alteration_n of_o the_o spring_n discover_v 52_o experiment_n 17._o about_o the_o make_n of_o mercurial_a and_o other_o gauge_n whereby_o to_o estimate_v how_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v 52_o several_a gauge_n mention_v 53._o one_o prefer_v and_o describe_v and_o direction_n for_o it_o give_v 54._o etc._n etc._n two_o other_o gauge_n useful_a when_o it_o
be_v not_o require_v the_o engine_n shall_v be_v very_o much_o exhaust_v 58._o 59_o experiment_n 18._o about_o a_o easy_a way_n to_o make_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n sensible_a to_o the_o touch_n of_o those_o that_o doubt_v of_o it_o 59_o with_o a_o caution_n in_o use_v of_o it_o 61_o experiment_n 19_o about_o the_o subsidence_n of_o mercury_n in_o the_o tube_n of_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n to_o the_o level_n of_o the_o stagnant_a mercury_n 61_o some_o confirmation_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o first_o treatise_n of_o the_o physicomechanical_a experiment_n exp._n 17._o 62._o 63_o experiment_n 20._o show_v that_o in_o tubes_n open_a at_o both_o end_n when_o no_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la can_v be_v pretend_v the_o weight_n of_o water_n will_v raise_v quicksilver_n no_o high_o in_o slender_a than_o in_o large_a pipe_n 63_o two_o trial_n one_o with_o tube_n of_o several_a bigness_n open_a at_o both_o end_n 64._o 65._o the_o other_o with_o they_o after_o the_o torricellian_a way_n 65._o 66_o experiment_n 21._o of_o the_o height_n at_o which_o pure_a mercury_n and_o mercury_n amalgame_v with_o tin_n will_v stand_v in_o barometer_n 66_o a_o note_n concern_v the_o inconvenience_n if_o the_o amalgam_n be_v too_o thick_a the_o use_n that_o may_v be_v make_v of_o this_o experiment_n to_o discover_v how_o much_o two_o mix_v body_n penetrate_v one_o another_o as_o also_o to_o further_o illustrate_v that_o the_o height_n of_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n depend_v upon_o the_o aequilibrium_fw-la with_o the_o outward_a air._n 67_o experiment_n 22._o wherein_o be_v propose_v away_o of_o make_v barometer_n that_o may_v be_v transport_v even_o to_o distant_a country_n 68_o the_o figure_n the_o barometer_n be_v to_o be_v of_o the_o way_n of_o fill_v it_o put_v it_o into_o a_o frame_n and_o secure_v it_o from_o the_o harm_n the_o mercury_n its_o self_n may_v do_v in_o the_o transportation_n by_o its_o move_n up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o upper_a empty_a part_n 69._o 70._o etc._n etc._n the_o great_a serviceableness_n of_o this_o instrument_n with_o a_o intimation_n of_o other_o of_o a_o different_a kind_n 74._o 75_o a_o postscript_n advertise_v that_o there_o have_v be_v since_o some_o difference_n find_v betwixt_o a_o ordinary_a baroscope_n and_o these_o travail_a one_o with_o a_o guess_n at_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o and_o that_o for_o all_o this_o the_o portable_a baroscope_n may_v be_v serviceable_a 76._o 77_o experiment_n 23._o confirm_v that_o mercury_n in_o a_o barometer_n will_v be_v keep_v suspend_v high_a at_o the_o top_n than_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o hill_n on_o which_o occasion_n something_o be_v note_v about_o the_o height_n of_o mountain_n especial_o the_o picinino_n of_o tenariff_n 77_o other_o author_n opinion_n about_o it_o examine_v 80_o a_o more_o moderate_a height_n allow_v than_o that_o assert_v by_o ricciolus_n 81._o 82._o with_o a_o consideration_n to_o be_v have_v in_o the_o measure_n the_o altitude_n of_o mountain_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n 84_o experiment_n 24._o show_v that_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n may_v be_v exercise_v enough_o to_o keep_v up_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n though_o the_o air_n press_v upon_o it_o at_o a_o very_a small_a orifice_n 85_o experiment_n 25._o show_v that_o a_o oblique_a pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n may_v suffice_v to_o keep_v up_o the_o mercury_n at_o the_o wont_a height_n in_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n and_o that_o the_o spring_n of_o a_o little_a include_v air_n may_v do_v the_o same_o 87_o what_o use_n may_v be_v make_v of_o the_o former_a experiment_n for_o a_o portable_a baroscope_n 88_o 89_o experiment_n 26._o about_o the_o make_n of_o a_o baroscope_n but_o of_o little_a practical_a use_n that_o serve_v but_o at_o certain_a time_n 90_o the_o argument_n it_o afford_v against_o a_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la ib._n experiment_n 27._o about_o the_o ascension_n of_o liquor_n in_o very_o slender_a pipe_n in_o a_o exhaust_v receiver_n 91_o experiment_n 28._o about_o the_o great_a and_o seem_o spontaneous_a ascension_n of_o water_n in_o a_o pipe_n fill_v with_o a_o compact_a body_n who_o particle_n be_v think_v incapable_a of_o imbibe_v it_o 93_o by_o it_o a_o explication_n that_o have_v be_v make_v of_o the_o cause_n of_o filtration_n examine_v a_o probable_a cause_n of_o the_o ascension_n of_o sap_n into_o tree_n hence_o suggest_v a_o attempt_n to_o make_v a_o syphon_n that_o shall_v run_v of_o itself_o without_o suction_n 95._o 96_o experiment_n 29._o of_o the_o seem_o spontaneous_a ascension_n of_o salt_n along_o the_o side_n of_o glass_n with_o a_o conjecture_n at_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o 97_o experiment_n 30._o about_o a_o attempt_n to_o measure_v the_o gravity_n of_o the_o cylinder_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n so_o as_o that_o it_o may_v be_v express_v by_o know_a and_o common_a weight_n 101_o wherein_o also_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o mercury_n and_o water_n be_v compare_v 102_o experiment_n 31._o about_o the_o attractive_a virtue_n of_o the_o loadstone_n in_o a_o exhaust_v receiver_n 105_o experiment_n 32._o show_v that_o when_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_n air_n be_v take_v off_o it_o be_v very_o easy_a to_o draw_v up_o the_o sucker_n of_o a_o syringe_n though_o the_o hole_n at_o which_o the_o air_n or_o water_n shall_v succeed_v be_v stop_v 106_o the_o first_o trial_n 107._o the_o 2_o d_o trial_n contain_v a_o variation_n of_o the_o forego_n 109_o experiment_n 33._o about_o the_o open_n of_o a_o syringe_n who_o pipe_n be_v stop_v in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o it_o make_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n lift_v up_o a_o considerable_a weight_n 111_o experiment_n 34._o show_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o ascension_n of_o liquor_n in_o syringe_n be_v to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air._n 113_o exemplify_v in_o three_o several_a trial_n 113._o 115._o 117_o experiment_n 35._o show_v that_o upon_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n depend_v the_o stick_n of_o cupping-glass_n to_o the_o fleshy_a part_n they_o be_v apply_v to_o 118_o experiment_n 36._o about_o the_o make_n without_o heat_n a_o cupping-glass_n to_o lift_v up_o a_o great_a weight_n 122_o experiment_n 37._o show_v that_o bellows_o who_o nose_n be_v very_o well_o stop_v will_v open_v of_o themselves_o when_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_a air_n be_v take_v off_o 124_o experiment_n 38._o about_o a_o attempt_n to_o examine_v the_o motion_n and_o sensibility_n of_o the_o cartesian_a materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la or_o the_o aether_n with_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o make_v of_o a_o bladder_n in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n 127_o experiment_n 39_o about_o a_o far_a attempt_n to_o prosecute_v the_o inquiry_n propose_v in_o the_o foregoing_a experiment_n 132_o first_o with_o a_o syringe_n and_o a_o feather_n 132._o 133._o etc._n etc._n then_o with_o a_o syringe_n in_o water_n 136_o if_o there_o be_v a_o aether_n what_o kind_n of_o body_n it_o must_v be_v with_o a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o 34_o the_o experiment_n 138_o experiment_n 40._o about_o the_o fall_n in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n of_o a_o light_a body_n fit_v to_o have_v its_o motion_n visible_o vary_v by_o a_o small_a resistance_n of_o the_o air._n 139_o a_o design_n mention_v to_o try_v this_o way_n what_o the_o degree_n of_o celerity_n will_v be_v of_o descend_v body_n in_o a_o exhaust_a receiver_n 141_o a_o caution_n give_v concern_v this_o present_a experiment_n ib._n direction_n give_v which_o way_n to_o lengthen_v receiver_n for_o the_o trial_n of_o this_o and_o other_o experiment_n 142_o experiment_n 41._o about_o the_o propagation_n of_o sound_n in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n 143_o a_o contrivance_n describe_v necessary_a for_o this_o and_o divers_a experiment_n 144_o the_o trial_n perform_v by_o it_o 145._o 146_o another_o trial_n with_o a_o alarm_n watch_n 146._o 147_o a_o assertion_n of_o mersennus_n examine_v a_o proposal_n of_o his_o show_v to_o be_v unpracticable_a 148._o 149_o a_o mention_n of_o some_o other_o trial_n design_v concern_v sound_n 149._o 150_o experiment_n 42._o about_o the_o break_n of_o a_o glass-drop_n in_o a_o exhaust_v receiver_n 150_o wherein_o a_o hypothesis_n ascribe_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o break_n of_o they_o to_o the_o force_n of_o the_o external_a air_n be_v examine_v ib._n experiment_n 43._o about_o the_o production_n of_o light_n in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n 151_o experiment_n 44._o about_o the_o production_n of_o a_o kind_n of_o halo_n and_o colour_n in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n 152_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o propose_v with_o a_o suggestion_n that_o the_o same_o cause_n may_v have_v be_v of_o that_o apparition_n of_o light_n mentionea_fw-la in_o the_o former_o publish_a experiment_n 153._o 154_o experiment_n 45._o about_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n by_o attrition_n
in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n 154_o experiment_n 46._o about_o the_o slake_n of_o quicklime_n in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n 157_o experiment_n 47._o about_o a_o attempt_n make_v to_o measure_v the_o force_n of_o the_o spring_n of_o include_v air_n and_o examine_v a_o conjecture_n about_o the_o difference_n of_o its_o strength_n in_o unequal_o broad_a mouth_v vessel_n 158_o the_o first_o trial_n by_o a_o syringe_n 159_o another_o different_a trial_n the_o success_n of_o which_o be_v summary_o relate_v and_o the_o way_n of_o make_v the_o experiment_n deliver_v 160._o etc._n etc._n with_o the_o above_o name_v conjecture_n about_o etc._n etc._n 163_o experiment_n 48._o about_o a_o easy_a way_n of_o make_v a_o small_a quantity_n of_o include_v air_n raise_v in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n 50_o or_o 60_o pound_n or_o a_o great_a weight_n 165_o experiment_n 49._o about_o the_o weight_n of_o air._n 168_o two_o note_n in_o prosecution_n of_o the_o 36_o the_o of_o the_o already_o publish_a experiment_n concern_v the_o estimate_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o seal_a bubble_n 168._o 169_o another_o trial_n by_o weigh_v the_o receiver_n its_o self_n 169._o etc._n etc._n a_o advertisement_n of_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o air_n and_o that_o by_o experiment_n make_v at_o different_a time_n or_o place_n there_o be_v obtain_v different_a proportion_n betwixt_o it_o and_o water_n 171._o 172_o experiment_n 50._o about_o the_o disjoyn_v of_o two_o marble_n not_o otherwise_o to_o be_v pull_v a_o sunder_o without_o a_o great_a weight_n by_o withdraw_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n 172_o note_n etc._n etc._n about_o the_o atmosphere_n of_o consistent_a body_n here_o below_o 177_o an_o advertisement_n show_v the_o reason_n why_o these_o note_n be_v annex_v and_o what_o discourse_n they_o belong_v to_o 179._o 180_o the_o proemium_fw-la 181_o that_o there_o be_v such_o atmosphares_n prove_v à _fw-la priori_fw-la both_o from_o the_o atomical_a and_o cartesian_a hypothesis_n 182_o demonstrate_v by_o particular_a example_n in_o several_a body_n 183._o 184_o in_o such_o as_o be_v most_o unlikely_a to_o emit_v effluvia_fw-la as_o first_o in_o very_o cold_a body_n 185._o 186._o in_o very_o ponderous_a 186._o etc._n etc._n in_o very_o solid_a and_o hard_a body_n 189._o etc._n etc._n and_o last_o in_o those_o that_o be_v most_o fix_v 191_o where_o the_o argument_n of_o des-cartes_n against_o electrical_a emanation_n draw_v from_o the_o fixedness_n of_o glass_n be_v examine_v 192_o observation_n about_o the_o exciting_a the_o electricity_n of_o body_n as_o that_o of_o amber_n by_o the_o sun_n and_o that_o of_o glass_n by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n 193_o the_o consideration_n that_o may_v induce_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o very_o many_o other_o body_n not_o yet_o discover_v to_o do_v so_o emit_v their_o effluvium_n 194._o etc._n etc._n m_o r_o boyle_n continuation_n of_o experiment_n of_o the_o air._n the_o viii_o plate_n plate_n the_o vii_o the_o v._o plate_n the_o 6_o plate_n the_o iv_o plate_n the_o iii_o plate_n seneca_n quaest_n nat_n lib._n 7._o c._n 31._o see_v plate_n the_o iii_o figure_n the_o see_v the_o latter_a part_n of_o the_o follow_a experiment_n see_v plate_n the_o figure_n the_fw-fr 10._o the_o same_o reason_n which_o make_v instrumental_a music_n fit_a for_o sacrifice_n in_o the_o apostle_n day_n make_v it_o fit_a still_o pli._n l._n x._o ep._n 1_o sam._n x._o 5._o chr._n twenty-five_o â—_o exp._n 8._o pag._n 36._o 36._o the_o place_n here_o mean_v be_v a_o passage_n in_o the_o author_n examen_fw-la of_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o dialogue_n about_o the_o air._n see_v plate_n the_o fig._n the_o and_o the_o annotation_n at_o the_o close_a of_o this_o experiment_n see_v plate_n the_o figure_n the_fw-fr plate_n the_o fig._n the_o see_v plate_n the_o figure_n the_fw-fr the_fw-fr in_o note_n about_o the_o history_n of_o elasticity_n see_v plate_n the_o figure_n the_fw-fr exper._n the_o xvii_o pag._n the_o 54_o and_o 55._o the_o like_a consideration_n i_o since_o find_v to_o have_v be_v have_v before_o i_o by_o the_o learned_a ricciolus_n this_o be_v if_o i_o forget_v not_o about_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o year_n 1662._o see_v the_o fig._n of_o the_o plate_n see_v plate_n the_o fig._n the_o see_v plate_n the_o figure_n the_fw-fr see_v plate_n the_o fig._n the_o the_o page_z the_o 105._o 106._o see_v plate_n the_o figure_n the_fw-fr see_v the_o figure_n last_o refer_v to_o the_o contrivance_n here_o mention_v may_v be_v conceive_v by_o consider_v the_o figure_n belong_v to_o the_o 41._o experiment_n experiment_n pag._n 156._o &c_n &c_n see_v plate_n the_o fig._n the_o the_o expe._n the_o vth._n see_v plate_n the_o figure_n the_fw-fr see_v plate_n the_o fig._n the_o the_o viz._n the_o xxxvi_o april_n the_o 19_o 1662._o may._n 26._o 1662._o 1662._o in_o the_o hydrostatical_a paradox_n paradox_n in_o a_o appendix_n to_o those_o paradox_n paradox_n this_o method_n be_v omit_v in_o the_o english_a edition_n of_o the_o new_o mention_v appendix_n but_o not_o in_o the_o latin_a version_n version_n experiment_n the_o xxxi_o see_v also_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n discourse_v of_o in_o the_o author_n history_n of_o fluidity_n and_o firmness_n firmness_n dr._n h._n m._n in_o the_o 2d_o chap._n of_o the_o 2d_o book_n of_o the_o new_a edition_n in_o folio_n of_o his_o antidote_n against_o atheism_n
when_o the_o receiver_n be_v well_o exhaust_v the_o weight_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o little_a depress_v yet_o that_o i_o think_v be_v very_o little_a if_o any_o thing_n more_o than_o what_o may_v be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o air_n not_o consider_v as_o a_o body_n that_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v direct_o with_o the_o spring_n but_o as_o a_o body_n that_o have_v some_o though_o but_o a_o little_a weight_n upon_o which_o account_n it_o make_v the_o medium_n wherein_o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v contribute_v to_o support_v the_o weight_n that_o bend_v the_o spring_n which_o weight_n when_o the_o air_n be_v absent_a must_v be_v now_o in_o a_o light_a medium_n have_v its_o gravitation_n increase_v by_o as_o much_o weight_n as_o a_o quantity_n of_o the_o exhaust_a air_n equal_a to_o it_o in_o bulk_n can_v amount_v to_o but_o this_o experiment_n be_v try_v only_o with_o whalebone_n and_o in_o a_o receiver_n not_o very_o great_a may_v deserve_v to_o be_v further_o try_v in_o tall_a glass_n with_o spring_n of_o other_o kind_n and_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o watch_n and_o other_o more_o artificial_a contrivance_n experiment_n xvii_o about_o the_o make_n of_o mercurial_a and_o other_o gauge_n whereby_o to_o estimate_v how_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v because_o the_o air_n be_v invisible_a it_o be_v not_o always_o easy_a to_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v sufficient_o pump_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n that_o be_v to_o be_v exhaust_v we_o think_v it_o will_v be_v very_o convenient_a to_o have_v some_o instrument_n within_o the_o receiver_n that_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o gage_n or_o standard_n whereby_o to_o judge_v whether_o or_o not_o it_o be_v sufficient_o exhaust_v to_o this_o purpose_n divers_a expedient_n be_v think_v on_o and_o some_o of_o they_o put_v in_o practice_n which_o though_o not_o equal_o commodious_a may_v yet_o all_o of_o they_o be_v useful_o employ_v one_o on_o this_o occasion_n and_o another_o on_o that_o the_o first_o if_o i_o 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