the_o bowl_n or_o stump_n of_o a_o large_a tree_n their_o garment_n be_v very_a course_n and_o mean_a garment_n their_o garment_n make_v either_o of_o the_o skin_n of_o wild_a beast_n frequent_o in_o use_n among_o they_o or_o the_o worst_a of_o our_o english_a cloth_n which_o they_o wear_v only_o on_o holiday_n and_o at_o their_o public_a fair_n they_o alter_v they_o according_a to_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n yet_o each_o sex_n for_o distinction_n sake_n have_v a_o different_a mode_n or_o fashion_n the_o man_n use_v a_o long_a garment_n reach_v down_o from_o their_o middle_n to_o their_o ankle_n which_o serve_v they_o for_o breech_n and_o stocking_n above_o this_o they_o have_v a_o sort_n of_o wide_a coat_n call_v mudd_n which_o they_o tie_v about_o they_o with_o a_o leathern_a thong_n their_o shoe_n as_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o ordinary_a garment_n be_v make_v of_o the_o skin_n of_o rain-deer_n elk_n etc._n etc._n with_o the_o hair_n outward_a the_o toe_n bend_v somewhat_o upward_o and_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a fashion_n end_v with_o a_o sharp_a point_n on_o their_o head_n they_o have_v a_o cap_n make_v of_o the_o skin_n of_o some_o fowl_n as_o goose_n duck_n etc._n etc._n but_o especial_o of_o the_o loom_n have_v the_o feather_n head_n and_o wing_n along_o with_o it_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o ancient_a german_n the_o habit_n proper_a to_o woman_n be_v a_o large_a wide_a gown_n of_o cloth_n or_o skin_n according_a to_o their_o ability_n gather_v close_o in_o the_o middle_n and_o adorn_v with_o divers_a figure_n of_o bird_n beast_n etc._n etc._n which_o they_o themselves_o work_v very_o artificial_o linen_n they_o use_v none_o and_o in_o cold_a weather_n they_o only_o gird_v their_o ordinary_a clothes_n close_o about_o they_o and_o cover_v themselves_o entire_o except_o one_o little_a hole_n to_o look_v through_o for_o which_o reason_n adam_n bremensis_n report_v they_o upon_o his_o own_o knowledge_n to_o be_v cyclopes_n their_o ordinary_a diet_n be_v either_o of_o fish_n diet_n their_o diet_n or_o the_o flesh_n of_o their_o rain-deer_n etc._n etc._n which_o they_o eat_v sometime_o raw_a sometime_o among_o the_o more_o civilise_a sort_n boil_v but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n dry_v in_o the_o air_n bread_n and_o salt_n be_v unknown_a to_o they_o instead_o of_o bread_n they_o make_v use_v of_o their_o dry_a fish_n ground_n small_a like_o meal_n and_o for_o salt_n they_o take_v the_o inward_a bark_n of_o the_o pinetree_n which_o they_o dry_v at_o the_o sun_n and_o put_v it_o into_o box_n bury_v it_o a_o small_a depth_n in_o the_o ground_n then_o after_o it_o have_v lie_v there_o a_o competent_a time_n they_o kindle_v a_o fire_n upon_o the_o place_n and_o so_o dry_v it_o whereby_o it_o become_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n pleasant_a taste_n and_o give_v a_o good_a relish_n to_o their_o courser_n victual_n though_o they_o be_v very_o greedy_a of_o flesh_n yet_o under_o the_o swedish_n government_n they_o constant_o abstain_v from_o it_o on_o friday_n keep_v fast_o that_o day_n with_o great_a observance_n their_o ordinary_a drink_n be_v pure_a water_n drink_n their_o drink_n which_o in_o the_o winter_n time_n they_o keep_v in_o their_o house_n continual_o hot_a and_o so_o drink_v it_o of_o late_o some_o quantity_n of_o brandy_n and_o such_o like_a hot_a liquor_n be_v know_v among_o they_o which_o they_o high_o value_v and_o drink_v only_o on_o holiday_n and_o at_o their_o marriage_n tobacco_n they_o frequent_o take_v and_o count_v it_o a_o very_a great_a delicacy_n the_o place_n where_o they_o common_o eat_v their_o victual_n be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o tent_n about_o the_o fire_n without_o table_n dishes_z spoon_n trencher_n or_o any_o such_o thing_n which_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o neatness_n and_o handsomeness_n their_o pottage_n they_o drink_v and_o their_o commons_o each_o one_o lay_n upon_o his_o mitten_n and_o when_o he_o have_v eat_v it_o say_v grace_n shake_v his_o fellow_n by_o the_o right_a hand_n which_o be_v their_o charity-cup_n and_o so_o depart_v every_o one_o to_o his_o business_n their_o chief_a employment_n be_v hunt_v employment_n their_o employment_n in_o which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o divers_a sort_n of_o instrument_n as_o spear_n head_v with_o fish-bone_n net_n and_o of_o late_a gun_n in_o the_o snow_n time_n they_o make_v use_v of_o a_o kind_n of_o shoe_n call_v skider_v or_o skidh_n with_o which_o they_o will_v run_v down_o the_o strong_a deer_n they_o be_v make_v common_o of_o fir_n or_o the_o bark_n of_o tree_n about_o three_o or_o four_o olaus_n magnus_n say_v five_o or_o six_o ell_n long_o and_o four_o or_o five_o inch_n broad_a turn_v up_o at_o the_o forepart_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o shoe_n for_o better_a convenience_n in_o slide_v they_o be_v cover_v with_o the_o skin_n of_o a_o rain-deer_n with_o the_o hair_n on_o they_o fasten_v they_o to_o their_o foot_n with_o a_o piece_n of_o wythe_v which_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o skait_n and_o to_o their_o ankle_n in_o these_o the_o man_n be_v able_a to_o travel_v a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o english_a mile_n a_o day_n and_o the_o woman_n be_v no_o less_o expert_a at_o it_o though_o never_o permit_v to_o go_v a_o hunt_n if_o they_o kill_v a_o bear_n they_o use_v very_o great_a solemnity_n and_o triumph_n about_o it_o invite_v their_o friend_n and_o distribute_v its_o flesh_n which_o they_o count_v a_o great_a dainty_a among_o they_o honour_v he_o that_o do_v the_o exploit_n with_o several_a title_n and_o the_o best_a portion_n of_o the_o beast_n they_o never_o bring_v home_o their_o prey_n by_o the_o fore-door_n or_o after_o they_o but_o always_o observe_v this_o as_o a_o special_a rule_n that_o they_o throw_v it_o into_o the_o hut_n before_o they_o marriage_n they_o hold_v in_o great_a veneration_n marriage_n marriage_n it_o be_v seldom_o know_v that_o adultery_n be_v commit_v never_o if_o know_v that_o it_o go_v unpunished_a when_o any_o one_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o marry_v he_o inquire_v out_o a_o maid_n who_o have_v a_o good_a share_n of_o rain-deer_n for_o the_o parent_n give_v portion_n to_o their_o child_n not_o equal_o but_o with_o respect_n to_o primogeniture_n than_o he_o not_o be_v permit_v to_o woe_n for_o himself_o acquaint_v his_o near_a kinsman_n with_o his_o intention_n who_o manage_v the_o business_n for_o he_o solicit_v her_o father_n mother_n and_o friend_n present_v they_o with_o brandy_n and_o tobacco_n or_o what_o be_v most_o esteem_v and_o so_o gain_v their_o consent_n this_o do_v the_o young_a man_n be_v invite_v to_o the_o hut_n where_o his_o bride_n live_v where_o he_o accept_v some_o condition_n propose_v by_o her_o friend_n and_o list_n himself_o as_o her_o father_n hire_a servant_n for_o one_o whole_a year_n after_o which_o time_n expire_v he_o take_v his_o wife_n to_o he_o and_o proceed_v to_o the_o solemnize_n the_o marriage_n which_o be_v always_o do_v with_o great_a ceremony_n and_o pomp_n according_a to_o their_o ability_n the_o bride_n they_o deck_v with_o the_o choice_a ornament_n they_o can_v get_v as_o piece_n of_o tin_n and_o alchemy_n with_o several_a ring_n of_o fish-bone_n and_o brass_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v thus_o attire_v her_o near_a friend_n much_o as_o seem_v against_o her_o mind_n rather_o drag_v then_o conduct_v she_o to_o church_n where_o she_o be_v marry_v to_o her_o husband_n according_a to_o the_o form_n prescribe_v in_o their_o liturgy_n former_o say_v olaus_n madge_n wedlock_n be_v solemnize_v by_o the_o parent_n and_o friend_n the_o father_n supply_v the_o place_n of_o the_o priest_n by_o the_o strike_n of_o flint_n and_o steel_n the_o fit_a emblem_n as_o they_o think_v of_o a_o marry_a life_n and_o here_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o no_o one_o man_n be_v permit_v to_o have_v many_o wife_n at_o once_o but_o be_v constant_o limit_v to_o one_o only_a polygamy_n not_o be_v so_o much_o as_o hear_v of_o among_o they_o that_o they_o never_o marry_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o their_o friend_n but_o refer_v themselves_o whole_o to_o their_o advice_n insomuch_o that_o clandestine_v marriage_n be_v never_o practise_v by_o they_o and_o that_o after_o they_o be_v contract_v they_o be_v not_o present_o free_a to_o trade_n for_o themselves_o but_o must_v serve_v their_o father_n in_o law_n as_o a_o hireling_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n that_o he_o may_v be_v witness_n of_o their_o good_a husbandry_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o custom_n from_o ancient_a time_n and_o nation_n their_o child_n assoon_o as_o bear_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o be_v put_v to_o the_o great_a hardship_n that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a afterward_o to_o endure_v the_o severity_n of_o the_o air_n the_o better_a they_o take_v two_o vessel_n one_o of_o hot_a the_o other_o of_o cold_a water_n and_o dip_v the_o infant_n first_o
dry_a land_n till_o it_o meet_v with_o a_o obstacle_n strong_a enough_o to_o coerce_v it_o from_o hence_o some_o do_v imagine_v that_o the_o mountain_n and_o valley_n be_v then_o also_o form_v the_o earth_n be_v before_o equal_a and_o smooth_a which_o be_v very_o probable_a in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o scripture_n say_v that_o the_o dry_a land_n than_o first_o appear_v other_o also_o imagine_v that_o the_o height_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n equal_v the_o depth_n of_o the_o deep_a sea_n which_o indeed_o may_v be_v so_o but_o be_v not_o evident_o deduce_v from_o what_o have_v be_v hitherto_o observe_v it_o be_v more_o considerable_a what_o olearius_n mention_n that_o examine_v with_o a_o instrument_n the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o caspian_a sea_n he_o find_v they_o level_v with_o the_o top_n of_o the_o border_a mountain_n p._n 142_o of_o his_o travel_n where_o he_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o the_o sea_n be_v high_a than_o the_o land_n his_o experiment_n suppose_v it_o true_o make_v if_o not_o to_o be_v solve_v by_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o refraction_n i_o know_v not_o what_o to_o say_v to_o it_o as_o neither_o can_v i_o resolve_v whether_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o centre_n or_o middle_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n earth_n the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o all_o heavy_a body_n descend_v to_o it_o as_o their_o proper_a place_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o its_o stability_n and_o unmoveableness_n though_o it_o seem_v to_o hang_v in_o the_o air_n or_o as_o other_o think_v that_o heavy_a thing_n descend_v to_o the_o earth_n as_o by_o a_o magnetical_a virtue_n draw_v to_o it_o from_o such_o a_o distance_n but_o this_o opinion_n declare_v not_o how_o the_o earth_n keep_v its_o place_n in_o the_o air._n or_o as_o other_o say_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v but_o a_o shell_n of_o no_o great_a thickness_n perhaps_o of_o three_o or_o four_o mile_n and_o within_o it_o be_v quite_o hollow_a by_o which_o mean_v the_o weight_n be_v so_o inconsiderable_a that_o it_o be_v sustain_v in_o the_o air_n as_o light_a body_n be_v in_o the_o water_n and_o that_o this_o cavity_n be_v the_o place_n of_o punishment_n for_o wicked_a angel_n and_o man_n the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n receive_v different_a name_n ocean_n the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n according_a to_o their_o greatness_n or_o their_o shoe_n fretum_n a_o straight_a be_v a_o narrow_a sea_n contain_v between_o two_o opposite_a but_o not_o much_o distant_a shore_n and_o give_v opportunity_n of_o pass_v from_o one_o sea_n to_o another_o as_o the_o strait_n of_o gibraltar_n of_o magellan_n davis_n the_o sound_n in_o denmark_n etc._n etc._n sinus_n a_o bay_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n run_v up_o into_o the_o land_n and_o almost_o encompass_v by_o the_o shore_n if_o but_o a_o little_a one_o it_o be_v call_v a_o creek_n if_o large_a a_o gulf._n and_o in_o these_o be_v havens_n or_o station_n for_o ship_n as_o road_n be_v in_o the_o open_a sea_n but_o defend_v from_o some_o wind_n the_o vast_a body_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v call_v the_o ocean_n and_o the_o sea_n be_v ordinary_o call_v some_o lesser_a part_n of_o it_o let_v into_o the_o land_n by_o a_o straight_a as_o the_o mediterranean_a baltic_a sea_n etc._n etc._n a_o lake_n be_v a_o large_a collection_n of_o water_n enclose_v within_o land_n some_o of_o which_o have_v no_o know_a or_o visible_a communication_n with_o any_o sea_n as_o the_o mare_n caspium_n lacus_n asphaltites_n or_o dead_a sea_n other_o have_v rivers_n run_v from_o they_o or_o through_o they_o as_o the_o lacus_n lemanus_n benacus_n etc._n etc._n river_n be_v make_v up_o by_o brook_n these_o by_o spring_n fountain_n of_o spring_n and_o fountain_n so_o that_o their_o original_n be_v from_o these_o spring_n but_o whence_o that_o water_n come_v which_o supply_v so_o many_o spring_n be_v somewhat_o dubious_a 1._o some_o imagine_v great_a cavern_n in_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v very_o cold_a condense_a the_o air_n into_o drop_n of_o water_n and_o those_o be_v collect_v make_v a_o spring_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o famous_a cave_n as_o ooky-hole_n etc._n etc._n in_o this_o country_n have_v river_n in_o they_o of_o considerable_a bigness_n but_o those_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v there_o generate_v but_o to_o cross_v only_o the_o passage_n and_o in_o other_o such_o as_o that_o famous_a cave_n sometime_o serve_v for_o the_o quarter_a of_o a_o army_n call_v cavola_n de_fw-fr custoza_n near_o vicenza_n there_o be_v in_o many_o place_n continual_a dropping_n but_o whether_o from_o coagulate_v air_n or_o vapour_n or_o from_o water_n drain_n through_o the_o earth_n i_o know_v not_o there_o be_v also_o little_a pool_n make_v by_o such_o dropping_n and_o some_o also_o that_o have_v fish_n in_o they_o but_o very_o many_o such_o must_v go_v to_o the_o make_v up_o one_o small_a spring_n 2._o other_o attribute_v it_o to_o the_o great_a abyss_n mention_v in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n and_o doubtless_o he_o that_o make_v the_o world_n best_a know_v the_o frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o it_o if_o that_o be_v his_o meaning_n as_o that_o very_o learned_a man_n mr._n lydyat_n think_v he_o have_v prove_v there_o seem_v indeed_o to_o be_v water_n in_o all_o or_o most_o place_n within_o the_o earth_n but_o not_o in_o every_o place_n at_o a_o equal_a depth_n which_o water_n run_v along_o in_o that_o bed_n or_o vein_n of_o gravel_n which_o lie_v sometime_o high_o and_o sometime_o low_o below_o this_o i_o never_o hear_v that_o any_o one_o have_v dig_v nor_o do_v i_o think_v it_o hardly_o possible_a to_o dig_v under_o it_o whence_o this_o water_n proceed_v i._n e._n whether_o from_o the_o sea_n or_o rain_n or_o concreated_a in_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o affirm_v only_o the_o well-digger_n do_v observe_v that_o in_o this_o gravel_n also_o there_o be_v a_o current_n or_o stream_n of_o the_o water_n why_o this_o gravel_n lie_v unequal_o high_a and_o how_o the_o water_n ascend_v in_o it_o be_v a_o difficult_a question_n which_o some_o solve_v by_o say_v that_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o gravel_n as_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o vein_n of_o a_o humane_a body_n and_o move_v with_o the_o like_a vital_a motion_n other_o imagine_v that_o because_o the_o gravel_n be_v a_o opener_n mass_n of_o body_n not_o close_o contiguous_a together_o the_o water_n run_v in_o they_o and_o be_v force_v into_o high_a place_n by_o some_o other_o cause_n as_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n violent_o impel_v it_o in_o those_o narrow_a and_o crooked_a passage_n but_o these_o be_v only_o conjecture_n we_o must_v not_o enlarge_v too_o much_o upon_o they_o 3._o most_o man_n think_v that_o all_o spring_n proceed_v from_o the_o sea-water_n dulcify_v by_o percolation_n through_o the_o gravel_n or_o other_o convenient_a passage_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o difficulty_n that_o oppress_v this_o be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o imagine_v how_o the_o sea-water_n shall_v rise_v to_o the_o top_n of_o mountain_n yet_o even_o there_o be_v often_o find_v sea-plant_n natural_o grow_v which_o persuade_v many_o man_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o that_o opinion_n though_o they_o can_v justify_v the_o manner_n and_o there_o be_v also_o divers_a lake_n upon_o the_o high_a hill_n among_o the_o alps_o as_o particular_o upon_o splugen_n which_o notwithstanding_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n be_v freeze_v in_o winter_n yet_o do_v trout_n and_o other_o fish_n live_v very_o well_o in_o they_o which_o persuade_v the_o inhabitant_n that_o there_o be_v communication_n betwixt_o those_o lake_n and_o other_o fresh_a water_n 4._o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o water_n that_o furnish_v spring_n be_v that_o of_o rain_n or_o snow_n which_o come_v from_o the_o cloud_n and_o consist_v either_o of_o drop_n of_o rains_n or_o of_o small_a dew-drop_n whereof_o many_o together_o make_v rain_n and_o these_o cloud_n hang_v common_o upon_o the_o hill_n furnish_v they_o chief_o with_o moisture_n which_o be_v reserve_v in_o cistern_n or_o sometime_o in_o moss_n break_v or_o spring_v forth_o where_o they_o find_v the_o easy_a passage_n sometime_o the_o summity_n of_o the_o hill_n be_v either_o a_o lake_n or_o a_o bog_n and_o keep_v the_o water_n as_o in_o a_o pond_n line_v with_o clay_n till_o it_o come_v to_o such_o a_o height_n as_o it_o overflow_v and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n both_o of_o the_o continuance_n of_o spring_n and_o why_o there_o be_v so_o few_o in_o plain_n because_o the_o rain-water_n that_o fall_v there_o go_v down_o by_o the_o seam_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o deep_a that_o it_o can_v spring_v up_o again_o nor_o be_v there_o mountain_n so_o near_o as_o to_o supply_v they_o from_o their_o cavern_n whether_o any_o or_o all_o of_o these_o opinion_n be_v false_a
what_o be_v say_v of_o they_o be_v certain_o fabulous_a and_o all_o the_o rest_n uncertain_a we_o shall_v however_o respite_n they_o till_o we_o come_v to_o asia_n nor_o of_o casan_n and_o astracan_a but_o we_o shall_v defer_v they_o also_o till_o we_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o volga_n and_o the_o tartar_n their_o country_n and_o affair_n be_v mingle_v together_o there_o remain_v therefore_o only_a moscua_n moscua_n moscua_n the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o great_a empire_n which_o we_o purposely_o reserve_v to_o this_o place_n that_o what_o we_o have_v to_o say_v concern_v the_o empire_n itself_o and_o the_o whole_a nation_n may_v be_v more_o easy_o apprehend_v the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o mosko_n be_v almost_o in_o the_o centre_n of_o all_o the_o grand_a tzars_n dominion_n but_o near_o the_o west_n and_o south_n for_o which_o reason_n as_o also_o because_o the_o soil_n be_v none_o of_o the_o fruitfull_a it_o be_v very_o prudent_o choose_v for_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o empire_n for_o towards_o the_o west_n and_o south_n be_v the_o great_a danger_n of_o invasion_n and_o the_o fierce_a enemy_n and_o the_o barrenness_n of_o the_o soil_n make_v the_o air_n so_o very_o good_a and_o healthful_a that_o it_o be_v account_v a_o wonderful_a thing_n to_o hear_v of_o a_o plague_n or_o any_o epidemical_a disease_n in_o that_o province_n though_o they_o be_v sometime_o afflict_v with_o a_o violent_a burn_a fever_n which_o they_o call_v ognyo_n whereof_o few_o recover_v yet_o i_o do_v not_o hear_v that_o it_o be_v malignant_a nor_o be_v the_o sterility_n any_o inconvenience_n in_o any_o part_n of_o muscovy_n because_o the_o country_n be_v general_o very_o fruitful_a and_o carriage_n from_o place_n to_o place_n very_o easy_a and_o cheap_a in_o summer_n time_n because_o of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o navigable_a river_n and_o in_o winter_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o convenience_n of_o their_o sled_n whether_o draw_v by_o deer_n who_o nourishment_n cost_v nothing_o a_o little_a moss_n which_o use_v not_o to_o be_v very_o scarce_o in_o bog_n and_o wood_n suffice_v they_o or_o horse_n which_o be_v very_o hardy_a and_o use_v to_o travel_v forty_o or_o fifty_o of_o our_o mile_n without_o bait_v so_o that_o a_o countryman_n will_v for_o four_o crown_n conduct_v you_o eleven_o or_o twelve_o hundred_o mile_n beside_o the_o inland_n trade_n among_o themselves_o be_v very_o great_a for_o have_v very_o many_o fast_a day_n they_o must_v be_v supply_v with_o fish_n from_o the_o sea_n the_o north_n send_v they_o fur_n and_o skin_n for_o their_o clothing_n the_o south_n send_v corn_n cloth_n linen_n and_o woollen_a and_o almost_o all_o manufacture_n beside_o the_o frequent_a pass_n and_o repassing_n of_o so_o many_o governor_n both_o render_v travel_v very_o commodious_a and_o frequent_o cheap_a also_o and_o make_v a_o great_a circulation_n of_o trade_n and_o commodity_n in_o the_o whole_a nation_n the_o city_n of_o moskow_n be_v in_o 55_o deg_fw-la 36_o min._n latitude_n and_o about_o 66_o deg_fw-la longitude_n of_o the_o vastness_n of_o it_o before_o its_o great_a desolation_n by_o fire_n 1571_o strange_a thing_n be_v relate_v as_o that_o it_o be_v more_o than_o double_a as_o large_a as_o it_o be_v afterward_o that_o there_o be_v in_o it_o many_o hundred_o thousand_o inhabitant_n and_o that_o there_o be_v slay_v burn_a drown_v and_o tread_v to_o death_n above_o eighty_o thousand_o person_n possevinus_n who_o be_v there_o ambassador_n 1582_o say_v that_o in_o his_o time_n it_o be_v not_o above_o five_o italian_a mile_n in_o compass_n and_o not_o more_o than_o thirty_o thousand_o inhabitant_n but_o i_o be_o afraid_a that_o author_n do_v much_o depress_v the_o power_n and_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n everywhere_o in_o russia_n in_o 1611_o forty-one_a thousand_o and_o five_o hundred_o house_n be_v again_o reduce_v to_o ash_n by_o the_o pole_n and_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o person_n slay_v olearius_n say_v that_o in_o his_o time_n its_o circumference_n be_v about_o three_o league_n our_o relator_n in_o 1662._o allow_v it_o four_o league_n sixteen_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o the_o figure_n round_o and_o be_v say_v to_o contain_v above_o forty_o thousand_o house_n it_o consist_v of_o four_o part_n or_o quarter_n the_o first_o be_v cataigorod_n or_o mid-city_n divide_v from_o the_o rest_n by_o a_o brickwall_n the_o river_n moskwa_n run_v on_o the_o southside_n as_o the_o neglina_n do_v on_o the_o north_n of_o it_o in_o this_o part_n be_v the_o castle_n fortify_v with_o three_o strong_a wall_n and_o a_o good_a ditch_n wherein_o be_v two_o palace_n of_o the_o grand_a duke_n one_o of_o stone_n another_z of_o timber_n in_o this_o castle_n be_v two_o steeple_n in_o one_o of_o which_o be_v a_o bell_n weigh_v 33600_o pound_n the_o exchequer_n and_o magazine_n of_o powder_n be_v also_o in_o the_o castle_n two_o fair_a monastery_n five_o church_n and_o chapel_n all_o of_o stone_n and_o in_o st._n michael_n church_n the_o sepulcher_n of_o the_o grand_a tzar_n at_o the_o castle-gate_n be_v the_o church_n call_v jerusalem_n which_o ivan_n vasilowitz_n think_v so_o magnificent_a that_o he_o put_v out_o the_o architect_n eye_n that_o he_o may_v never_o make_v the_o like_a and_o before_o the_o castle_n be_v the_o great_a market_n place_n where_o every_o trade_n have_v a_o station_n by_o itself_o the_o second_o quarter_n be_v tzargorod_a encompass_v the_o other_o like_o a_o semicircle_n wall_v about_o with_o stone_n wherein_o be_v the_o arsenal_n and_o the_o workman_n in_o metal_n as_o bell-founder_n caster_n of_o cannon_n etc._n etc._n the_o three_o be_v skoradom_fw-la on_o the_o north-west_n side_n of_o the_o other_o the_o river_n jagusa_n pass_v through_o it_o and_o here_o be_v the_o market_n for_o house_n timber_n etc._n etc._n the_o four_o be_v strelitza_n slavoda_n be_v the_o quarter_n of_o the_o strelitz_n or_o guard_n of_o the_o grand_a duke_n fortify_v with_o wooden_a rampart_n and_o build_v for_o stranger_n and_o mercenary_a soldier_n there_o be_v in_o this_o city_n above_o two_o thousand_o church_n and_o chapel_n build_v say_v possevin_n more_o for_o ornament_n to_o the_o city_n than_o use_n but_o this_o author_n as_o i_o observe_v before_o seem_v to_o be_v partial_a against_o the_o muscovite_n the_o house_n in_o moskow_n and_o general_o in_o all_o muscovia_n be_v after_o the_o same_o fashion_n make_v of_o fir-timber_n square_v and_o dove-tailed_a one_o into_o another_o not_o with_o mortise_n and_o tenant_n at_o the_o end_n two_o or_o at_o the_o most_o three_o story_n high_a their_o window_n short_a and_o narrow_a the_o chink_n between_o the_o timber_n calk_v as_o i_o may_v say_v or_o stop_v up_o with_o moss_n stair_n on_o the_o outside_n instead_o of_o chimney_n stove_n the_o cover_n or_o til_v of_o bark_n and_o upon_o that_o sometime_o turf_n of_o earth_n nor_o be_v their_o householdstuff_n much_o rich_a no_o bed_n chair_n wainscot_n hang_n or_o the_o like_a unnecessary_a implement_n the_o wall_n cover_v with_o mat_n bench_n to_o sleep_n and_o sit_v upon_o a_o pot_n or_o two_o as_o many_o wooden_a dish_n a_o spoon_n to_o hang_v at_o the_o girdle_n if_o a_o fire_n happen_v in_o the_o city_n as_o it_o do_v very_o frequent_o they_o go_v not_o about_o to_o quench_v it_o with_o water_n but_o only_o to_o stop_v the_o course_n of_o the_o flame_n by_o pull_v down_o the_o neighbouring-house_n to_o which_o purpose_n the_o soldier_n that_o keep_v their_o night-guard_n carry_v each_o of_o they_o a_o hatchet_n to_o cut_v down_o a_o house_n present_o nor_o be_v the_o people_n very_o much_o concern_v for_o their_o small_a and_o cheap_a furniture_n but_o the_o merchant_n and_o person_n of_o quality_n have_v for_o their_o magazine_n vault_n of_o stone_n with_o little_a window_n and_o those_o also_o have_v shutter_n as_o well_o as_o their_o door_n of_o white_a iron_n there_o dwell_v in_o the_o city_n a_o great_a number_n of_o greek_n persian_n but_o especial_o tartar_n yet_o the_o greek_n be_v most_o welcome_a as_o most_o sympathize_v with_o the_o russes_z in_o their_o religion_n the_o lutheran_n also_o and_o reform_v be_v well_o receive_v and_o have_v liberty_n public_o to_o exercise_v their_o religion_n which_o they_o of_o the_o roman_a communion_n can_v no_o jew_n be_v admit_v among_o they_o moskow_n be_v near_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n it_o be_v very_o convenient_a to_o take_v our_o measure_n by_o it_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o country_n allow_v proportionable_o for_o the_o nearness_n to_o or_o remoteness_n from_o it_o as_o first_o for_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n the_o cold_a be_v here_o sometime_o so_o excessive_a that_o water_n will_v freeze_v as_o it_o be_v fall_v that_o the_o earth_n will_v chap_v as_o with_o we_o in_o the_o violent_a drought_n of_o summer_n even_o to_o above_o twenty_o fathom_n long_o and_o a_o foot_n broad_a and_o
the_o opinion_n of_o the_o foresay_a author_n be_v but_o the_o same_o nation_n different_o call_v the_o venedi_n we_o find_v mention_v by_o ptolemy_n as_o a_o great_a people_n long_o before_o seat_v in_o sarmatia_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o sinus_n venedicus_n now_o baltic_a sea_n which_o from_o they_o probable_o take_v its_o name_n as_o do_v likewise_o the_o venedic_n mountain_n situate_a in_o their_o territory_n and_o hartknoch_n suppose_v the_o bulanes_n gythones_n phinni_n etc._n etc._n place_v also_o by_o ptolemy_n over_o against_o these_o venedi_n in_o the_o inland_n country_n of_o poland_n to_o be_v of_o their_o colony_n perhaps_o this_o people_n after_o they_o have_v make_v themselves_o considerable_a by_o their_o conquest_n take_v the_o name_n of_o slavi_n from_o slava_n in_o their_o language_n signify_v fame_n or_o glory_n which_o their_o descendants_n say_v cromerus_n still_o retain_v in_o their_o compound_a name_n as_o stanislaws_a wenceslaws_n etc._n etc._n though_o now_o write_v common_o stanislaus_n wenceslaus_n some_o writer_n will_v have_v the_o venedi_n to_o be_v original_o a_o german_a nation_n yet_o they_o be_v by_o cromerus_n and_o other_o sufficient_o prove_v to_o be_v of_o the_o old_a sarmatae_n or_o sauromatae_n which_o be_v of_o scythian_a extraction_n and_o probable_o bring_v forth_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o lake_n maeotis_n the_o fruitful_a womb_n of_o so_o many_o puissant_a nation_n the_o name_n of_o poland_n belong_v proper_o to_o two_o province_n alone_o situation_n situation_n the_o great_a and_o the_o lesser_a poland_n from_o which_o as_o the_o principal_a part_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n have_v take_v its_o denomination_n it_o lie_v say_v starovolscius_fw-la between_o the_o 38th_o and_o 54th_o degree_n of_o longitude_n count_v from_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n to_o the_o nieper_n or_o boristhenes_n which_o amount_v to_o 250_o polish_v league_n every_o league_n contain_v about_o four_o english_a mile_n but_o the_o podolian_a and_o russian_a be_v somewhat_o long_o the_o high_a elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n in_o the_o most_o northern_a part_n of_o livonia_n subject_n to_o this_o crown_n be_v about_o 58_o deg_fw-la the_o low_a in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o poccuce_n in_o red_a russia_n 48_o deg_fw-la so_o that_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v situate_v between_o the_o seven_o and_o thirteen_o climate_n have_v to_o its_o long_a day_n from_o 16_o to_o near_o 18_o hour_n this_o kingdom_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n by_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o the_o swedish_n livonia_n bound_n bound_n on_o the_o east_n by_o the_o muscovian_a russia_n and_o the_o desert_n of_o tartary_n on_o the_o south_n by_o moldavia_n transilvania_n and_o hungary_n from_o which_o the_o niester_n and_o the_o high_a and_o woody_a carpathian_n mountain_n divide_v it_o on_o the_o west_n by_o silesia_n the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o the_o further_a pomerane_n poland_n be_v a_o even_a champain_n country_n though_o the_o lesser_a poland_n the_o near_a it_o approach_v to_o the_o confine_n of_o hungary_n the_o more_o hilly_a and_o woody_a it_o be_v but_o the_o far_a it_o lie_v from_o thence_o the_o more_o open_a and_o level_a in_o the_o very_a middle_n also_o of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o palatinate_n of_o sandomir_n be_v mountainous_a and_o rocky_a former_o the_o country_n be_v all_o overgrow_v with_o wood_n but_o by_o the_o care_n of_o sigismond_n the_o elder_a and_o sigismond_n augustus_n his_o son_n and_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o long_a peace_n they_o both_o enjoy_v husbandry_n be_v cherish_v and_o the_o province_n improve_v in_o tillage_n and_o pasturage_n so_o that_o it_o be_v now_o account_v the_o egypt_n of_o europe_n as_o have_v supply_v the_o want_n of_o most_o part_n thereof_o with_o corn_n whilst_o the_o vistula_n be_v navigable_a serve_v to_o convey_v all_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n to_o dantzick_n yet_o this_o good_a husbandry_n do_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o it_o be_v well_o store_v with_o tree_n as_o oak_n beech_n fir_n etc._n etc._n not_o only_o profitable_a for_o the_o common_a advantage_n of_o wood_n but_o also_o for_o the_o vast_a quantity_n of_o honey_n and_o wax_n which_o they_o yearly_o afford_v the_o hollow_a tree_n supply_v hive_n and_o the_o leaf_n and_o wild_a flower_n nourishment_n to_o innumerable_a swarm_n of_o bee_n the_o air_n be_v cold_a even_o to_o that_o extremity_n air._n air._n that_o tree_n be_v oftentimes_o parch_v to_o the_o very_a root_n and_o water_n pour_v down_o freeze_v ere_o it_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o lake_n and_o river_n be_v often_o freeze_v five_o or_o six_o month_n together_o and_o be_v passable_a by_o coach_n and_o cart_n lade_v at_o the_o end_n of_o march_n this_o vehement_a sharpness_n of_o the_o air_n we_o may_v rational_o impute_v to_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o continent_n and_o the_o opacousness_n of_o the_o overspreading_a wood_n yet_o notwithstanding_o orchard_n and_o garden_n be_v very_o frequent_a and_o plentiful_o store_v with_o fruit_n and_o flower_n as_o excellent_a in_o their_o kind_n as_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n this_o country_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n plain_a mine_n mine_n abound_v not_o in_o mineral_n yet_o some_o mine_n there_o be_v as_o of_o lead_n and_o iron_n in_o divers_a place_n of_o quicksilver_n at_o tustan_n in_o red_a russia_n of_o vitriol_n near_o biecz_n in_o cracovia_n but_o the_o most_o considerable_a of_o all_o be_v the_o salt-mine_n at_o bochnia_n and_o velisca_n in_o the_o lesser_a poland_n which_o be_v the_o great_a enrichment_n not_o only_o of_o the_o country_n but_o of_o the_o king_n exchequer_n also_o they_o descend_v into_o the_o mine_n with_o long_a rope_n as_o we_o into_o our_o coal-pit_n and_o there_o dig_v out_o great_a mass_n of_o salt_n in_o street_n leave_v so_o much_o interstitium_fw-la as_o be_v sufficient_a to_o sustain_v the_o earth_n it_o be_v general_o of_o a_o bluish_a colour_n yet_o some_o be_v white_a and_o transparent_a like_o crystal_n when_o it_o be_v new_o get_v it_o have_v a_o bitterish_a taste_n but_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n become_v sweet_a as_o also_o more_o heavy_a and_o brittle_a in_o these_o mine_n be_v small_a fountain_n of_o salt_n water_n which_o boil_v with_o piece_n of_o the_o rock_n yield_v great_a quantity_n of_o excellent_a salt_n they_o have_v also_o some_o vein_n of_o sal_fw-la gemmae_fw-la and_o of_o another_o mineral_n resemble_v hard_a pitch_n call_v by_o they_o carbunculus_fw-la as_o cromerus_n say_v which_o take_v in_o powder_n purge_v in_o the_o deep_a cavern_n of_o the_o mine_n the_o workman_n be_v say_v sometime_o to_o hear_v voice_n like_o those_o of_o cock_n dog_n and_o other_o animal_n which_o they_o esteem_v a_o bad_a omen_n the_o chief_a river_n of_o poland_n be_v 1._o rivers_n rivers_n the_o weissel_n mention_v in_o author_n under_o the_o different_a name_n of_o vistula_n visula_n visla_n justilla_n istula_n and_o vandalus_n it_o rise_v in_o the_o duchy_n of_o teschen_n in_o silesia_n out_o of_o the_o mountain_n carpathus_n now_o crapack_o in_o the_o confine_n of_o hungary_n whence_o run_v to_o cracow_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o lesser_a poland_n and_o there_o become_v navigable_a by_o the_o accession_n of_o other_o stream_n it_o continue_v its_o course_n eastward_o to_o sandomiria_n and_o thence_o northward_o to_o warzaw_v in_o masovia_n afterward_o wind_v for_o some_o league_n westward_o to_o thorn_n in_o prussia_n it_o turn_v again_o to_o the_o north_n and_o at_o the_o island_n grosswerder_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o stream_n empty_v itself_o by_o the_o one_o into_o the_o bay_n frischhaff_a and_o by_o the_o other_o into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n the_o head_n of_o this_o river_n lie_v in_o 49_o deg_fw-la 20_o min._n of_o latitude_n and_o its_o mouth_n in_o 54_o but_o both_o in_o 41_o deg_fw-la of_o longitude_n its_o course_n be_v above_o 100_o polish_v mile_n it_o divide_v ancient_o the_o european_a sarmatia_n from_o germany_n 2._o the_o warta_n rise_v near_o cromolow_v in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o cracovia_n under_o 40_o deg_fw-la 50_o min._n of_o longitude_n and_o 50_o deg_fw-la 30_o min._n of_o latitude_n and_o from_o thence_o take_v a_o wind_a course_n to_o the_o northwest_n wash_v the_o town_n of_o olstin_n warta_n posna_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o great_a poland_n and_o near_o costrin_n fall_v into_o the_o other_o 3._o notez_fw-fr which_o flow_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n goblo_fw-mi in_o the_o great_a poland_n and_o after_o a_o long_a course_n to_o the_o southwestward_o near_o dresen_fw-mi discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o warta_n 4._o the_o niester_n or_o tyras_n of_o the_o ancient_n which_o take_v its_o rise_n out_o of_o the_o sarmatian_a mountain_n near_o the_o head_n of_o san_n run_v at_o first_o to_o the_o north_n then_o wind_v eastward_o and_o enlarge_v with_o many_o lesser_a river_n water_n the_o province_n of_o pocutia_n separate_v both_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a
i_o shall_v not_o determine_v but_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o such_o a_o quantity_n of_o water_n issue_v by_o these_o spring_n that_o perhaps_o all_o these_o cause_n and_o many_o more_o will_v hardly_o be_v sufficient_a consider_v that_o some_o particular_a river_n v._o g._n volga_n vent_v say_v varenius_n as_o much_o water_n in_o one_o year_n as_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n amount_v to_o or_o if_o not_o one_o as_o some_o think_v they_o demonstrate_v yet_o three_o or_o four_o or_o as_o many_o as_o flow_v into_o the_o caspian_a sea_n discharge_v so_o much_o water_n as_o can_v well_o be_v imagine_v except_o we_o acknowledge_v a_o circulation_n of_o water_n not_o only_o by_o be_v rarify_v into_o vapour_n and_o condense_v again_o but_o also_o in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o conceive_n whereof_o perhaps_o it_o may_v somewhat_o conduce_v to_o be_v inform_v of_o the_o content_n of_o this_o great_a globe_n at_o least_o so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o be_v already_o discover_v by_o the_o miner_n and_o well-digger_n though_o not_o to_o any_o considerable_a depth_n i._n e._n of_o a_o very_a few_o fathom_n as_o the_o air_n be_v the_o place_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o those_o we_o call_v meteor_n and_o the_o water_n of_o fowl_n especial_o fish_n so_o be_v this_o earthly_a globe_n of_o stone_n mineral_n salt_n bituman_n petroleum_n and_o divers_a sort_n of_o earth_n and_o they_o say_v that_o as_o far_o as_o they_o have_v dig_v they_o find_v it_o to_o consist_v of_o several_a sort_n or_o measure_n of_o earth_n stone_n etc._n etc._n many_o time_n thin_o spread_v one_o over_o another_o yet_o none_o of_o they_o perfect_o circular_a but_o from_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n whither_o in_o some_o place_n or_o other_o they_o reach_v they_o dip_v or_o slope_n the_o further_o they_o go_v still_o descend_v deep_o as_o if_o a_o line_n draw_v down_o upon_o their_o superfice_n be_v part_n of_o a_o spiral_n line_n and_o this_o for_o the_o great_a benefit_n of_o mankind_n that_o the_o same_o place_n may_v be_v supply_v with_o variety_n of_o soil_n thro'_o which_o measure_n descend_v from_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n seam_n like_o vein_n in_o a_o animal_n body_n which_o convey_v the_o rain-water_n that_o fall_v upon_o the_o earth_n and_o therefore_o in_o our_o quarry_n of_o stone_n these_o seam_n be_v fill_v with_o a_o very_a thin_a fine_a earth_n for_o the_o easy_a descent_n of_o the_o water_n neither_o be_v this_o descent_n in_o a_o straight_a line_n but_o one_o line_n begin_v at_o some_o small_a distance_n from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o upper_a that_o more_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v water_v and_o fertilize_v by_o it_o not_o only_o to_o the_o production_n of_o plant_n etc._n etc._n but_o also_o of_o mineral_n stone_n coal_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o very_a earth_n itself_o and_o why_o may_v not_o also_o in_o great_a rain_n part_n of_o this_o water_n descend_v low_a to_o the_o gravel_n as_o well_o as_o into_o the_o coal-pit_n lead-mine_n etc._n etc._n methinks_v therefore_o we_o may_v probable_o say_v 1._o that_o all_o those_o spring_n which_o arise_v near_o the_o bottom_n of_o hill_n and_o all_o such_o as_o diminish_v much_o in_o dry_a weather_n come_v from_o rain-water_n or_o melt_v snow_n 2._o such_o as_o arise_v in_o plain_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o many_o be_v furnish_v with_o the_o water_n in_o the_o gravel_n which_o be_v supply_v either_o out_o of_o the_o great_a abyss_n if_o it_o be_v not_o the_o abyss_n itself_o not_o unknown_a as_o it_o seem_v to_o seneca_n nimis_fw-la say_v he_o ille_fw-la oculis_fw-la permittit_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la credit_n esse_fw-la in_o abscondito_fw-la terrae_fw-la sinus_fw-la maris_fw-la vasti_fw-la or_o out_o of_o the_o sea_n discharge_v itself_o by_o this_o mean_n into_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n 3._o from_o this_o water_n also_o be_v supply_v the_o well_n and_o pit_n which_o in_o some_o country_n afford_v all_o the_o water_n they_o use_v many_o of_o which_o also_o approach_v near_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o summer_n then_o winter_n the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n force_v they_o high_o 4._o that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o salt-spring_n shall_v bring_v that_o tincture_n from_o the_o sea_n in_o wide_a channel_n or_o pipe_n because_o that_o there_o be_v great_a mine_n of_o salt_n of_o divers_a kind_n generate_v in_o the_o earth_n the_o solution_n of_o which_o may_v very_o well_o impregnate_n the_o water_n but_o these_o be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o our_o purpose_n but_o must_v be_v leave_v to_o their_o particular_a country_n where_o they_o arise_v it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o most_o wise_a creator_n make_v all_o thing_n in_o number_n weight_n and_o measure_n which_o proportion_n though_o we_o do_v not_o understand_v yet_o we_o must_v needs_o admire_v he_o who_o in_o the_o beginning_n establish_v such_o a_o never-failing_a harmony_n whether_o this_o globe_n of_o earth_n grow_v or_o not_o earth_n of_o the_o grow_a of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o much_o material_a to_o our_o purpose_n for_o neither_o the_o growth_n or_o diminish_n of_o it_o can_v be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o alter_v the_o usual_a measure_n or_o distance_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v rational_o say_v that_o in_o low_a soft_a and_o boggy_a place_n it_o do_v grow_v not_o only_o by_o the_o wind_n and_o rain_n carry_v down_o somewhat_o still_o into_o those_o part_n but_o also_o by_o the_o grass_n weed_n and_o fog_n which_o by_o the_o rain_n be_v flat_v and_o beat_v down_o in_o winter_n do_v the_o next_o spring_n send_v forth_o new_a shoot_v from_o the_o old_a root_n which_o in_o tract_n of_o time_n do_v raise_v the_o ground_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o in_o such_o earth_n we_o oftentimes_o find_v tree_n which_o be_v cut_v down_o in_o those_o place_n where_o they_o former_o grow_v and_o not_o carry_v away_o in_o good_a time_n be_v at_o length_n grow_v over_o and_o cover_v with_o those_o weed_n and_o herb_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o turff-pit_n for_o this_o matter_n be_v not_o earth_n but_o turf_n they_o find_v not_o long_o ago_o a_o small_a parcel_n of_o coin_n upon_o a_o heap_n perhaps_o they_o have_v be_v tie_v up_o in_o some_o matter_n that_o be_v putrify_v of_o edward_n iv_o as_o i_o judge_v by_o the_o face_n and_o this_o be_v about_o eighteen_o foot_n deep_a which_o give_v we_o some_o conjecture_n how_o long_o at_o most_o that_o turf_n be_v a_o grow_a i._n e._n eighteen_o foot_n in_o two_o hundred_o year_n by_o the_o way_n also_o there_o be_v a_o few_o year_n ago_o in_o the_o forest_n of_o dean_n after_o the_o miner_n have_v wrought_v over_o a_o great_a cinder-heap_n find_v divers_a coin_n of_o brass_n fresh_a as_o when_o first_o mint_v of_o tetricus_n and_o some_o other_o of_o those_o tyrant_n about_o the_o year_n 260_o which_o give_v some_o hint_n by_o who_o and_o at_o what_o time_n those_o iron-mine_n be_v wrought_v neither_o do_v the_o dust_n or_o small_a part_n of_o earth_n wash_v or_o blow_v from_o high_a place_n considerable_o diminish_v they_o or_o fill_v up_o the_o valley_n for_o than_o will_v they_o also_o thicken_v and_o in_o time_n fill_v up_o also_o the_o sea_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o opinion_n of_o polybius_n who_o conceive_v that_o because_o he_o see_v the_o black_a or_o euxin-sea_n in_o his_o time_n to_o be_v so_o muddy_a and_o thick_a it_o will_v in_o time_n by_o still_o thickening_a become_v firm_a land_n but_o the_o lord_n of_o busbeque_n in_o his_o embassy_n to_o the_o grand_a signior_n about_o eighteen_o hundred_o year_n after_o polybius_n find_v it_o exact_o in_o the_o same_o condition_n as_o polybius_n have_v describe_v it_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o equal_o nor_o perfect_o round_a earth_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n yet_o be_v not_o the_o extuberance_n so_o great_a or_o considerable_a as_o to_o hinder_v the_o whole_a globe_n to_o be_v account_v round_o the_o great_a height_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n make_v a_o insensible_a difference_n in_o the_o computation_n of_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n now_o there_o be_v a_o rise_n or_o swell_v of_o the_o earth_n which_o common_o begin_v by_o the_o seashore_n and_o increase_v the_o further_a it_o reach_v in_o the_o continent_n beside_o that_o of_o the_o particular_a mountain_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v so_o order_v to_o make_v room_n for_o the_o sea_n and_o water_n yet_o be_v not_o all_o mountain_n make_v at_o or_o near_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o world_n some_o have_v be_v even_o in_o our_o memory_n cast_v up_o by_o earthquake_n as_o monte_fw-la novo_fw-la in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n near_a pozzuolo_n other_o by_o the_o wind_n heap_v up_o the_o sand_n together_o
island_n be_v not_o so_o much_o enclose_v with_o ice_n as_o that_o which_o lie_v in_o the_o north_n where_o it_o run_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n with_o a_o sharp_a point_n behind_o the_o mountain_n of_o bear_n for_o on_o this_o side_n all_o the_o year_n long_o the_o ice_n never_o remove_v from_o the_o shore_n above_o ten_o mile_n and_o in_o the_o spring_n time_n so_o besiege_n it_o that_o there_o be_v no_o passage_n through_o it_o for_o which_o reason_n the_o mariner_n who_o be_v bind_v for_o this_o island_n use_v all_o the_o care_n they_o can_v to_o avoid_v the_o eastern_a and_o to_o make_v direct_o to_o the_o western_a shore_n there_o to_o lie_v while_o the_o fish_n season_n continue_v if_o by_o miscarriage_n they_o come_v upon_o the_o east-side_n they_o be_v then_o force_v to_o fetch_v a_o compass_n about_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o island_n whereby_o they_o be_v not_o only_o expose_v to_o the_o terrible_a wind_n that_o blow_v off_o from_o bears-mountain_n but_o also_o to_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o float_v ice_n for_o here_o the_o sea_n flow_v from_o south_n to_o north_n and_o ebb_v from_o north_n to_o south_n at_o the_o northern_a end_n of_o the_o island_n appear_v the_o bears-mountain_n of_o a_o prodigious_a height_n and_o so_o perpendicular_o steep_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o climb_v to_o the_o top_n of_o it_o this_o mountain_n from_o the_o bear_v there_o frequent_o see_v call_v beerenberg_n or_o the_o bears-mountain_n at_o the_o bottom_n take_v up_o the_o whole_a space_n between_o the_o eastern_a and_o the_o western_a shore_n on_o the_o north-side_n it_o leave_v a_o little_a room_n for_o leveller_n ground_n to_o the_o ocean_n and_o be_v of_o prodigious_a height_n may_v be_v descry_v 30_o mile_n off_o at_o sea_n the_o sea-coast_n lie_v thus_o 1_o noords-hoeck_a or_o the_o northern_a angle_n be_v the_o extreme_a point_n shoot_v out_o to_o the_o north._n 2_o oosthoeck_n be_v the_o most_o eastern_a point_n ysbergh_n mark_v 1._o 2._o 3._o be_v three_o mountain_n of_o ice_n or_o rather_o vast_a heap_n of_o congeal_a snow_n which_o dissolve_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n fall_v from_o the_o top_n of_o bears-mountain_n but_o upon_o the_o sun_n be_v retire_v freeze_v again_o 3_o zuydoost-hoeck_a be_v the_o southeast_n angle_n from_o this_o point_n the_o shore_n extend_v itself_o from_o east_n to_o west_n to_o a_o little_a island_n and_o then_o wind_n again_o to_o the_o west_n and_o south_n in_o some_o place_n not_o passable_a by_o reason_n of_o its_o steepness_n in_o other_o smooth_v enough_o 4_o cleyn_n sand-bay_n or_o little_a sand-bay_n eyerland_n or_o eggland_n be_v certain_a rock_n full_a of_o bird_n here_o about_o a_o musket_n shoot_v from_o the_o shore_n the_o sea_n be_v 60_o fathom_n deep_a and_o a_o little_a far_o the_o sound_a line_n will_v not_o reach_v to_o the_o bottom_n 5_o groote_n hoot-bay_n or_o great_a wood-bay_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a piece_n of_o rot_a timber_n that_o be_v there_o find_v in_o this_o which_o be_v the_o narrow_a part_n of_o the_o island_n be_v certain_a mountain_n not_o very_o steep_a from_o the_o top_n whereof_o any_o person_n call_v they_o that_o stand_v upon_o either_o shore_n may_v be_v hear_v by_o both_o 6_o cleyn_n hoot-bay_n or_o little_a wood-bay_n 7_o english_a bay_n and_o several_a other_o to_o which_o the_o dutch_a have_v give_v such_o name_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a groneland_n call_v also_o groenland_n groinland_n situation_n the_o name_n and_o situation_n and_o more_o ancient_o engroenland_n lie_v as_o the_o islander_n say_v like_o a_o halfmoon_n about_o the_o north_n of_o their_o country_n at_o the_o distance_n of_o four_o day_n sail_v but_o it_o seem_v not_o to_o lie_v so_o much_o east_n but_o rather_o on_o the_o north_n of_o america_n from_o cape_n farewell_o in_o 60_o deg_fw-la 30_o min._n on_o the_o south_n it_o be_v unknown_a to_o how_o many_o degree_n in_o the_o north._n the_o east_n and_o west_n be_v encompass_v by_o two_o great_a ocean_n but_o at_o what_o degree_n of_o longitude_n be_v not_o yet_o discover_v only_a mr._n fotherbie_n find_v it_o near_o the_o coast_n of_o groneland_n in_o 71_o deg_fw-la and_o the_o south_n of_o greenland_n to_o be_v above_o two_o hundred_o league_n it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v discover_v first_o by_o a_o norwegian_a gentleman_n discovery_n ancient_a discovery_n who_o name_n be_v eric_n rotcop_n or_o red_a head_n who_o have_v commit_v a_o murder_n in_o iseland_n to_o save_v his_o life_n resolve_v to_o adventure_n to_o another_o country_n whereof_o he_o have_v hear_v some_o obscure_a fly_v report_n he_o succeed_v so_o well_o that_o he_o arrive_v in_o a_o safe_a harbour_n call_v sandstasm_n lie_v between_o two_o mountainous_a promontory_n the_o one_o upon_o a_o island_n over_o against_o groneland_n which_o he_o call_v huidserken_v or_o white_a shirt_n because_o of_o the_o snow_n upon_o it_o the_o other_o on_o the_o continent_n call_v huarf_n eric_n he_o winter_v in_o the_o island_n but_o when_o the_o season_n suffer_v pass_v into_o the_o continent_n which_o because_o of_o its_o greenness_n and_o flourish_v he_o call_v groneland_n thence_o he_o send_v his_o son_n to_o olaus_n trugger_n king_n of_o norway_n to_o get_v his_o pardon_n which_o be_v easy_o grant_v when_o he_o be_v inform_v by_o he_o of_o this_o new_a discovery_n whereupon_o divers_a gentleman_n adventure_v to_o plant_v there_o who_o multiply_v not_o long_o after_o divide_v the_o whole_a country_n into_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a and_o build_v two_o city_n garde_n and_o albe_n in_o albeit_o be_v a_o bishop_n see_v and_o a_o cathedral_n church_n dedicate_v to_o st._n anthony_n the_o seat_n also_o of_o the_o viceroy_n send_v thither_o from_o time_n to_o time_n by_o the_o norwegian_a they_o write_v also_o of_o a_o great_a monastery_n call_v of_o st._n thomas_n wherein_o be_v a_o spring_n who_o water_n be_v so_o hot_a that_o it_o dress_v all_o their_o meat_n and_o be_v convey_v into_o the_o cell_n and_o other_o room_n in_o pipe_n heat_v all_o the_o monastery_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v so_o many_o stove_n they_o say_v also_o that_o this_o monastery_n be_v build_v all_o of_o pumice-stone_n and_o that_o this_o hot_a water_n fall_v upon_o they_o mix_v with_o the_o outer_a part_n and_o produce_v a_o sort_n of_o clammy_a matter_n which_o serve_v instead_o of_o lime_n but_o what_o the_o norwegian_n conquer_v norwegian_n by_o the_o norwegian_n or_o possess_v in_o this_o country_n be_v a_o inconsiderable_a corner_n of_o that_o large_a continent_n themselves_o mention_v a_o nation_n who_o they_o call_v skrelinger_n to_o have_v inhabit_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o land_n but_o what_o they_o be_v we_o know_v not_o but_o whether_o their_o paucity_n expose_v they_o to_o the_o mercilesness_n of_o the_o native_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o epidemical_a disease_n which_o they_o call_v the_o black_a plague_n which_o sweep_v away_o not_o only_o most_o of_o that_o nation_n in_o groneland_n but_o also_o the_o merchant_n and_o mariner_n in_o norway_n that_o maintain_v that_o traffic_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v some_o other_o reason_n which_o be_v now_o forget_v so_o it_o be_v that_o since_o 1349_o little_a intelligence_n have_v descend_v to_o we_o concern_v groneland_n till_o seek_v the_o northwest_n passage_n to_o china_n occasion_v more_o knowledge_n of_o it_o in_o 1389_o they_o say_v that_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n send_v a_o fleet_n thither_o with_o intention_n to_o re-establish_a his_o dominion_n in_o those_o part_n but_o that_o be_v cast_v away_o discourage_v he_o from_o any_o further_a enterprise_n till_o now_o of_o late_a christian_n iv_o renew_v somewhat_o again_o of_o that_o navigation_n of_o which_o by_o and_o by_o in_o 1406_o the_o bishop_n of_o drontheim_n send_v a_o priest_n call_v andreas_n to_o succeed_v henry_n bishop_n of_o garda_n if_o dead_a if_o alive_a to_o return_v and_o bring_v notice_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n there_o but_o andreas_n never_o come_v back_o nor_o have_v there_o be_v since_o any_o further_a care_n take_v to_o supply_v bishop_n or_o maintain_v christianity_n there_o there_o be_v a_o relation_n in_o purchas_n pilgrim_n part_v 3_o of_o one_o ivor_n boty_n a_o gronelander_n translate_v 1560_o out_o of_o the_o norweighish_n language_n which_o give_v a_o sufficient_o particular_a account_n of_o all_o the_o place_n in_o that_o country_n inhabit_v by_o christian_n but_o nothing_o beside_o afterward_o another_o part_n of_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v discover_v by_o antonio_n zany_n zany_n a._n zany_n the_o relation_n of_o who_o adventure_n be_v at_o large_a in_o hackluit_n three_o volume_n i_o shall_v not_o insert_v they_o because_o not_o useful_a to_o our_o present_a purpose_n and_o though_o there_o be_v ground_n sufficient_a to_o make_v we_o doubt_v of_o some_o of_o these_o relation_n yet_o not_o to_o reject_v
rare_o mistake_v their_o way_n though_o the_o weather_n be_v never_o so_o misty_a they_o be_v very_o nimble_a and_o excellent_a archer_n so_o that_o at_o moscow_n to_o show_v their_o skill_n they_o set_v a_o small_a round_a piece_n of_o tin_n from_o which_o retire_v as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v discern_v it_o they_o never_o miss_v to_o hit_v with_o their_o arrow_n their_o garment_n be_v all_o of_o fur_n that_o next_o their_o body_n call_v by_o they_o mallek_n or_o a_o shirt_n of_o young_a fawn_n hare_n or_o swans-skin_n very_o soft_a and_o well-dressed_a the_o outward_a call_v parka_o of_o strong_a and_o thick_a fur._n and_o they_o take_v care_n to_o have_v they_o very_o fit_a and_o not_o too_o loose_a or_o big_a for_o their_o body_n which_o i_o suppose_v they_o do_v for_o warmth_n for_o which_o cause_n they_o be_v very_o careful_a of_o their_o cap_n and_o cover_n for_o their_o head_n the_o woman_n also_o have_v the_o same_o garment_n as_o the_o man_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o easy_o distinguish_v from_o they_o save_v that_o they_o suffer_v on_o either_o side_n a_o lock_n of_o hair_n to_o hang_v down_o below_o their_o ear_n and_o make_v blue_a line_n in_o their_o face_n by_o draw_v a_o thread_n dip_v in_o blue_a paint_n light_o under_o the_o skin_n the_o fashion_n of_o their_o habit_n be_v not_o the_o same_o in_o all_o place_n they_o have_v no_o bread_n rice_n or_o any_o thing_n like_o it_o their_o food_n be_v flesh_n of_o beast_n of_o all_o sort_n which_o they_o eat_v raw_a if_o they_o have_v not_o the_o convenience_n of_o dry_v it_o in_o the_o sun_n or_o wind_n or_o scorch_v it_o with_o the_o fire_n fish_v also_o and_o fish-oyl_n and_o honey_n of_o body_n they_o be_v very_o strong_a active_a swift_a disposition_n disposition_n and_o healthful_a hardy_a and_o able_a to_o endure_v very_o great_a labour_n thirst_n and_o cold_a and_o the_o woman_n not_o less_o than_o the_o man_n for_o at_o their_o childbearing_n the_o husband_n only_o be_v the_o midwife_n and_o the_o goodwoman_n as_o soon_o as_o deliver_v wash_v her_o child_n in_o snow_n and_o the_o next_o morning_n be_v able_a to_o conduct_v her_o argish_a they_o seem_v also_o to_o be_v stout_a and_o bold_a spirit_v though_o war_n seldom_o happen_v among_o they_o but_o their_o weapon_n beside_o bow_n and_o arrow_n be_v long_a spear_n and_o short_a sword_n they_o be_v of_o a_o very_a quiet_a and_o not-quarrelsom_a disposition_n among_o themselves_o but_o suspicious_a and_o jealous_a of_o all_o stranger_n but_o this_o be_v because_o of_o their_o want_n of_o conversation_n they_o seem_v not_o to_o have_v any_o government_n among_o they_o those_o i_o mean_v who_o be_v not_o subject_n to_o the_o muscovite_n every_o one_o follow_v his_o own_o fancy_n and_o employment_n but_o when_o they_o want_v any_o direction_n or_o be_v in_o difficulty_n they_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o most_o ancient_a person_n in_o that_o company_n or_o hoard_v and_o he_o also_o be_v their_o priest_n and_o his_o direction_n they_o follow_v their_o frequent_a consultation_n be_v concern_v the_o future_a which_o way_n they_o shall_v remove_v and_o to_o what_o place_n what_o success_n in_o their_o hunt_n whether_o take_v such_o a_o journey_n and_o the_o like_a controversy_n among_o they_o be_v not_o 〈◊〉_d frequent_v but_o be_v determine_v by_o a_o certain_a oath_n 〈…〉_o they_o make_v a_o image_n of_o a_o man_n in_o snow_n and_o lay_v before_o it_o a_o wolf_n snout_n he_o that_o be_v to_o swear_v take_v a_o sword_n and_o rehearse_v the_o name_n of_o his_o wife_n child_n and_o friend_n desire_n that_o if_o he_o be_v not_o in_o the_o right_n they_o may_v all_o be_v cut_v in_o piece_n even_o as_o himself_o do_v cut_v that_o snow-image_n with_o that_o sword_n which_o immediate_o he_o do_v then_o he_o wish_v that_o the_o wolf_n may_v destroy_v his_o rain-deer_n and_o that_o henceforward_o he_o may_v never_o kill_v any_o beast_n if_o he_o speak_v not_o the_o truth_n then_o he_o cut_v the_o wolf_n snout_n to_o piece_n and_o there_o be_v no_o more_o to_o be_v say_v to_o that_o controversy_n the_o samoieds_n buy_v their_o wife_n for_o deer_n and_o may_v have_v as_o many_o as_o they_o can_v purchase_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o the_o better_a sort_n have_v four_o or_o five_o he_o be_v the_o rich_a man_n that_o have_v most_o dear_a and_o daughter_n sell_v they_o to_o such_o as_o will_v give_v most_o for_o they_o their_o marriage_n be_v not_o celebrate_v with_o any_o great_a ceremony_n the_o bridegroom_n make_v a_o feast_n to_o his_o friend_n which_o according_a to_o his_o ability_n continue_v perhaps_o seven_o day_n the_o feast_n be_v end_v the_o bride_n adorn_v with_o many_o iron_n ring_v brazen_a bell_n fish-bone_n etc._n etc._n be_v deliver_v up_o to_o her_o husband_n and_o all_o other_o depart_v the_o tent_n till_o the_o next_o morning_n if_o they_o like_v not_o their_o wife_n after_o half_a a_o year_n or_o a_o year_n they_o return_v they_o back_o to_o their_o friend_n and_o receive_v their_o deer_n when_o a_o rich_a man_n die_v among_o they_o that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v unattended_a in_o the_o next_o world_n they_o strangle_v one_o of_o his_o slave_n who_o they_o bury_v with_o he_o and_o three_o of_o his_o deer_n with_o which_o they_o feast_v themselves_o if_o a_o young_a child_n die_v under_o seven_o year_n old_a they_o hang_v it_o by_o the_o neck_n on_o some_o tree_n say_v that_o it_o must_v fly_v to_o heaven_n it_o have_v be_v report_v by_o divers_a author_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o that_o these_o samoieds_fw-fr and_o the_o northern_a russes_z exhibit_v great_a worship_n to_o a_o idol_n they_o call_v slata-baba_a or_o the_o golden-old-wife_n which_o be_v a_o great_a image_n of_o stone_n represent_v a_o woman_n with_o a_o child_n in_o her_o arm_n but_o our_o man_n say_v that_o be_v a_o fable_n that_o there_o be_v indeed_o in_o one_o of_o the_o island_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n ob_fw-la a_o great_a rock_n which_o with_o the_o help_n of_o fancy_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v somewhat_o like_o such_o a_o woman_n and_o that_o the_o fisherman_n do_v many_o time_n in_o storm_n shelter_v themselves_o under_o that_o rock_n and_o practice_v their_o sacrifice_n and_o sorcery_n there_o but_o not_o to_o the_o rock_n they_o seem_v to_o acknowledge_v a_o god_n but_o to_o apprehend_v and_o represent_v he_o by_o such_o thing_n by_o which_o they_o receive_v most_o benefit_n they_o have_v be_v frequent_o observe_v every_o morning_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o go_v forth_o to_o fall_v on_o their_o knee_n and_o hold_v up_o their_o hand_n towards_o the_o sun_n they_o have_v also_o many_o image_n make_v as_o like_a man_n as_o their_o rudeness_n can_v work_v they_o to_o which_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o they_o use_v sacrifice_v for_o they_o have_v find_v they_o set_v upright_o besmear_v with_o blood_n and_o many_o bone_n and_o ash_n before_o they_o and_o sometime_o a_o chopping-block_n whereupon_o it_o be_v suppose_v the_o beast_n to_o be_v offer_v be_v kill_v and_o divide_v but_o though_o our_o man_n never_o see_v they_o sacrifice_n yet_o richard_n johnson_n in_o hackluit_fw-la p._n 283._o give_v we_o a_o strange_a relation_n of_o their_o divination_n and_o sorcery_n whereof_o he_o be_v a_o eye-witness_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v inform_v which_o way_n and_o to_o what_o place_n they_o be_v next_o to_o remove_v he_o say_v in_o short_a that_o the_o ancient_a of_o the_o family_n or_o kindred_n be_v always_o the_o priest_n that_o he_o have_v on_o his_o head_n a_o garland_n and_o a_o piece_n of_o a_o coat_n of_o mail_n whereto_o be_v fasten_v fish-bone_n and_o many_o other_o trinket_n that_o he_o first_o beat_v upon_o a_o instrument_n like_o half_a a_o drum_n with_o a_o little_a mawl_v afterward_o he_o begin_v to_o whoop_v and_o hollow_a as_o our_o hunter_n do_v and_o the_o people_n answer_v he_o but_o he_o with_o so_o great_a violence_n that_o he_o become_v senseless_a and_o so_o fall_v down_o and_o lay_v for_o some_o space_n come_v to_o himself_o he_o rise_v up_o and_o command_v three_o ollens_fw-la or_o the_o large_a deer_n to_o be_v kill_v then_o he_o take_v a_o sword_n of_o near_a a_o yard_n long_o and_o thrust_v it_o several_a time_n into_o his_o belly_n but_o without_o any_o wound_n afterward_o he_o heat_v it_o in_o the_o fire_n and_o thrust_v it_o in_o at_o his_o navel_n and_o out_o at_o his_o fundament_n when_o say_v johnson_n i_o lay_v my_o finger_n upon_o it_o but_o no_o wound_n follow_v the_o priest_n be_v weary_v repose_a whilst_o they_o heat_v a_o kettle_n of_o water_n which_o be_v hot_a they_o sing_v again_o and_o bring_v in_o like_o the_o frame_n of_o a_o sedan_n into_o which_o the_o priest_n have_v put_v off_o his_o matter_n and_o his_o shirt_n sit_v down_o and_o put_v about_o his_o neck_n and_o
good_a housewifery_n and_o to_o look_v after_o their_o dairy_n or_o else_o employ_v in_o spin_v weave_v or_o sow_v whilst_o the_o man_n according_a to_o their_o several_a quality_n follow_v their_o husbandry_n merchandise_v or_o the_o more_o weighty_a concern_v of_o church_n and_o state_n the_o pesantry_n live_v in_o great_a servitude_n to_o their_o lord_n who_o dominion_n they_o may_v not_o quit_v without_o their_o permission_n if_o they_o be_v bear_v or_o have_v inhabit_v three_o year_n therein_o those_o that_o do_v so_o be_v certain_o hang_v if_o take_v the_o noble_n be_v very_o much_o addict_v to_o travel_v as_o admire_v foreign_a country_n more_o than_o their_o own_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o they_o greedy_o and_o easy_o learn_v the_o language_n of_o those_o nation_n they_o affect_v and_o they_o esteem_v it_o no_o small_a commendation_n of_o their_o ingenuity_n to_o introduce_v something_o of_o the_o new_a habit_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n with_o who_o they_o have_v converse_v for_o though_o they_o be_v very_o docible_a and_o easy_o attain_v what_o they_o give_v their_o mind_n to_o yet_o they_o rather_o set_v themselves_o to_o learn_v the_o invention_n of_o other_o then_o to_o invent_v any_o thing_n new_a of_o their_o own_o neither_o indeed_o be_v they_o so_o fit_a for_o mechanic_n as_o for_o learned_a art_n to_o which_o they_o therefore_o more_o apply_v themselves_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o many_o eminent_a divine_n historian_n mathematician_n and_o philosopher_n that_o have_v flourish_v in_o poland_n witness_n stanislaus_n hosius_n cardinal_n and_o legate_n at_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n mathias_n a_o michovia_n johannes_n dglugossus_n and_o martinus_n cromerus_n their_o excellent_a historian_n johannes_n zamoscius_fw-la their_o great_a general_n and_o chancellor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n excel_v no_o less_o in_o most_o part_n of_o learning_n than_o he_o do_v in_o military_a conduct_n nicolaus_n copernicus_n the_o famous_a astronomer_n martinus_n smiglecius_n the_o logician_n abr._n bzovius_fw-la who_o have_v continue_v baronius_n annal_n with_o many_o other_o who_o work_n be_v much_o esteem_v in_o foreign_a country_n and_o doubtless_o the_o learned_a will_v have_v be_v oblige_v to_o more_o of_o their_o nation_n have_v not_o their_o writing_n perish_v for_o want_n of_o print_v but_o late_o receive_v among_o they_o physic_n also_o begin_v to_o come_v in_o request_n since_o even_o in_o these_o part_n the_o modern_a luxury_n in_o diet_n be_v attend_v with_o more_o disease_n than_o the_o homely_a fare_n of_o former_a age_n their_o language_n be_v a_o dialect_n of_o the_o slavonian_a language_n language_n and_o not_o so_o copious_a as_o many_o other_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o write_v and_o read_v because_o of_o the_o multitude_n of_o consonant_n join_v with_o one_o vowel_n yet_o the_o harshness_n be_v much_o correct_v in_o speak_v for_o they_o pronounce_v they_o as_o if_o mix_v with_o vowel_n they_o have_v borrow_v most_o of_o their_o term_n of_o art_n for_o trade_n and_o instrument_n from_o the_o german_n of_o which_o nation_n there_o be_v many_o artisan_n and_o merchant_n among_o they_o and_o some_o town_n and_o village_n chief_o speak_v the_o german_a language_n hot_a bath_n be_v very_o much_o use_v in_o this_o country_n bath_n bath_n especial_o in_o winter_n and_o be_v frequent_v by_o both_o sex_n though_o in_o place_n apart_o from_o one_o another_o their_o habit_n differ_v according_a to_o the_o condition_n habit_n habit_n age_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n and_o of_o late_a they_o much_o affect_v new_a fashion_n which_o be_v often_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o soldiery_n in_o imitation_n of_o those_o nation_n against_o who_o they_o have_v be_v victorious_a the_o woman_n also_o have_v the_o same_o variety_n only_o they_o come_v near_o the_o dress_n of_o man_n then_o in_o most_o other_o nation_n the_o ancient_a diet_n of_o the_o rustic_n be_v milk_n diet._n diet._n cheese_n fish_n and_o herb_n now_o beef_n veal_n and_o mutton_n the_o table_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o citizen_n be_v furnish_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o dainty_n wherein_o they_o use_v great_a store_n of_o spice_n and_o sugar_n and_o indeed_o luxury_n in_o diet_n and_o apparel_n prevail_v more_o and_o more_o among_o they_o every_o day_n the_o common_a drink_n of_o the_o country_n be_v beer_n drink_v drink_v and_o mead_n boil_v with_o hops_n beside_o which_o they_o use_v great_a quantity_n of_o aquavitae_n make_v by_o infuse_v wheat_n in_o water_n for_o some_o day_n and_o then_o distil_v off_o the_o spirit_n and_o mix_v it_o with_o sugar_n and_o hot_a spice_n the_o nobility_n and_o merchant_n here_o drink_v wine_n as_o plentiful_o as_o in_o other_o place_n import_v from_o hungary_n moravia_n the_o rhine_n and_o gascogny_n the_o money_n peculiar_a to_o poland_n be_v coin_v in_o such_o small_a piece_n that_o it_o be_v very_o troublesome_a receive_n money_n money_n or_o pay_v out_o any_o round_a sum_n in_o it_o the_o gross_a be_v a_o little_a piece_n of_o copper_n mix_v with_o silver_n value_v at_o three_o halfpence_n english_a the_o attine_n at_o four_o penny_n halfpenny_n their_o trigross_a and_o segross_v both_o of_o pure_a silver_n the_o one_o three_o time_n the_o other_o six_o time_n the_o value_n of_o a_o gross_a but_o the_o most_o current_a money_n in_o poland_n at_o this_o time_n be_v foreign_a coin_n bring_v in_o chief_o though_o not_o in_o great_a plenty_n by_o the_o hungarian_a german_a and_o italian_a merchant_n for_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n which_o be_v rye_n wheat_n barley_n oat_n and_o other_o pulse_n flax_n hops_n hides_n tallow_n tan_a leather_n divers_a sort_n of_o fur_n bring_v first_o out_o of_o muscovy_n but_o dress_v and_o vend_v here_o honey_n wax_n amber_n pitch_n pot-ash_n mast_n and_o plank_n the_o horse_n also_o of_o poland_n for_o their_o swiftness_n hardiness_n and_o easy_a pace_n be_v much_o covet_v by_o foreigner_n beside_o all_o these_o it_o supply_v the_o neighbour_a country_n with_o vast_a number_n of_o ox_n and_o sheep_n to_o which_o must_v be_v add_v the_o salt-pit_n whence_o spring_v the_o great_a revenue_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v the_o riches_n of_o poland_n consist_v in_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n already_o mention_v traffic_n traffic_n which_o though_o they_o be_v of_o several_a sort_n and_o general_a use_n yet_o bring_v but_o little_a money_n into_o the_o kingdom_n be_v counterpoise_v by_o the_o incredible_a quantity_n and_o rich_a variety_n of_o foreign_a merchandise_n so_o that_o they_o hardly_o suffice_v to_o pay_v for_o the_o cloth_n silk_n jewel_n tapestry_n the_o fruit_n spice_n saltfish_n wine_n tin_n and_o steel_n bring_v in_o from_o england_n flanders_n portugal_n and_o spain_n etc._n etc._n but_o to_o say_v the_o truth_n the_o people_n be_v neither_o industrious_a nor_o addict_v to_o trade_n the_o nobility_n be_v forbid_v it_o by_o their_o own_o constitution_n upon_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o honour_n and_o the_o commonalty_n for_o the_o most_o part_n want_v estate_n sufficient_a to_o promote_v it_o beside_o those_o of_o better_a fortune_n spend_v too_o much_o of_o their_o revenue_n in_o costly_a apparel_n and_o furnish_v their_o table_n by_o which_o mean_n instead_o of_o save_v and_o lay_v up_o they_o become_v very_o poor_a or_o at_o least_o always_o in_o a_o want_a condition_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o their_o country_n lie_v not_o commodious_o for_o traffic_v not_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o any_o considerable_a port_n town_n dantzick_n only_o except_v the_o chief_a strength_n of_o poland_n consist_v in_o their_o cavalry_n which_o be_v very_o numerous_a and_o ready_o raise_v strength_n military_a strength_n the_o nobility_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o attend_v the_o king_n in_o all_o expedition_n for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o such_o case_n the_o king_n send_v his_o summons-into_a all_o the_o palatinate_v which_o be_v proclaim_v three_o time_n and_o at_o a_o month_n distance_n from_o one_o another_o upon_o the_o three_o proclamation_n the_o nobility_n be_v oblige_v to_o repair_v to_o the_o paricular_a rendezvous_n of_o their_o own_o palatine_a who_o lead_v they_o to_o the_o general_a rendezvous_n and_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v exempt_v from_o all_o other_o burden_n they_o bear_v their_o own_o charge_n all_o the_o time_n of_o the_o war_n if_o there_o be_v any_o that_o refuse_v to_o appear_v their_o good_n be_v present_o confiscate_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o king_n table_n they_o all_o serve_v on_o horseback_n and_o be_v enroll_v above_o 200000_o yet_o in_o as_o much_o as_o they_o have_v very_o few_o fortify_v place_n on_o any_o side_n for_o the_o security_n of_o their_o frontier_n they_o can_v hardly_o draw_v together_o above_o 100000_o without_o leave_v their_o province_n too_o naked_a but_o these_o force_n when_o assemble_v serve_v only_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n and_o
that_o the_o ancient_a iselander_n be_v man_n of_o the_o same_o temper_n manner_n and_o religion_n with_o the_o norwegian_n from_o who_o they_o be_v descend_v i._n e._n man_n of_o vast_a stature_n strong_a and_o valiant_a great_a dueller_n and_o pirate_n but_o since_o christianity_n be_v introduce_v into_o their_o isle_n none_o of_o those_o barbarous_a quality_n which_o that_o dutch_a satirist_n lay_v to_o their_o charge_n can_v just_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o catholic_a enormity_n of_o the_o island_n '_o tho_o it_o be_v possible_a some_o few_o may_v still_o be_v find_v among_o several_a thousand_o that_o to_o this_o day_n retain_v a_o small_a tincture_n of_o the_o old_a idolatrous_a superstition_n and_o ungentile_a demeanour_n of_o their_o ancestor_n their_o temperance_n in_o meat_n and_o drink_n and_o the_o natural_o strong_a constitution_n of_o their_o body_n enable_v they_o to_o last_v out_o common_o to_o a_o good_a old_a age_n though_o i_o can_v but_o refer_v olaus_n magnus_n and_o blefkenius_fw-la to_o the_o reader_n sentence_n the_o former_a of_o which_o tell_v we_o the_o iselander_n live_v ordinary_o three_o hundred_o year_n the_o latter_a with_o more_o modesty_n and_o caution_n which_o in_o he_o be_v rare_a quality_n report_v that_o he_o see_v a_o man_n in_o iseland_n who_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o have_v then_o live_v two_o hundred_o year_n by_o the_o account_n which_o blefkenius_fw-la give_v of_o the_o habitation_n of_o the_o iselander_n habitation_n habitation_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v conclude_v that_o either_o he_o never_o travel_v among_o they_o whatever_o he_o pretend_v to_o or_o else_o he_o mistake_v their_o house_n cover_v with_o turf_n and_o grow_v over_o with_o grass_n for_o small_a hillock_n and_o rampire_n for_o he_o say_v all_o their_o house_n be_v underground_o and_o they_o their_o kine_n horse_n and_o sheep_n have_v all_o one_o cave_n ancient_o the_o iselander_n like_o the_o german_n in_o tacitus_n day_n dwell_v far_o apart_o according_a as_o every_o man_n take_v a_o affection_n to_o this_o field_n or_o that_o fountain_n this_o wood_n side_n or_o that_o plain_a they_o use_v neither_o mortar_n nor_o tile_n but_o the_o whole_a fabric_n of_o their_o house_n consist_v of_o timber_n and_o turf_n their_o window_n be_v most_o common_o in_o the_o roof_n seldom_o in_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o cottage_n some_o of_o their_o nobility_n have_v more_o stately_a palace_n build_v of_o large_a piece_n of_o timber_n bring_v hither_o out_o of_o groneland_n and_o norway_n at_o this_o day_n their_o house_n be_v most_o of_o wood_n cover_v over_o with_o turf_n except_o in_o their_o city_n hola_o and_o skalholt_n where_o instead_o of_o tile_n they_o make_v use_v of_o fir-board_n but_o since_o the_o trade_n between_o they_o and_o norway_n begin_v to_o decrease_v their_o building_n have_v lose_v much_o of_o their_o ancient_a splendour_n and_o the_o neat_a of_o their_o village_n run_v daily_a to_o ruin_v beside_o their_o traffic_n with_o foreign_a nation_n be_v much_o abate_v and_o they_o seem_v to_o draw_v towards_o that_o degree_n of_o meanness_n which_o krantzius_n speak_v of_o when_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o iselander_n and_o their_o cattle_n have_v the_o same_o lodging_n arngrim_n confess_v that_o upon_o the_o south-shore_n of_o the_o isle_n near_o skalholt_n there_o be_v three_o small_a parish_n in_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v destitute_a both_o of_o wood_n and_o turf_n the_o only_a fuel_n of_o the_o country_n the_o poor_a sort_n of_o these_o be_v not_o able_a to_o purchase_v fuel_n from_o abroad_o be_v constrain_v in_o the_o extremity_n of_o winter_n to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o a_o corner_n of_o their_o oxstall_n and_o there_o borrow_v heat_n from_o their_o cattle_n it_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o iseland_n whatever_o munster_n frisius_n diet._n diet._n and_o blefkenius_fw-la say_v to_o the_o contrary_a that_o upon_o the_o first_o inhabit_v of_o this_o isle_n the_o ground_n be_v till_v and_o several_a sort_n of_o grain_n sow_v and_o reap_v it_o be_v a_o malicious_a slander_n to_o say_v as_o those_o author_n do_v that_o the_o islander_n feed_v upon_o carrion_n and_o unsavoury_a meat_n and_o want_v the_o use_n of_o bread_n the_o best_a and_o happy_a of_o nation_n be_v now_o and_o then_o upon_o some_o extraordinary_a occasion_n drive_v to_o harsh_a extremity_n in_o meat_n and_o drink_n and_o force_v in_o spite_n of_o former_a plenty_n to_o submit_v to_o a_o famine_n and_o it_o may_v reasonable_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o sea_n about_o iseland_n bind_v up_o by_o a_o long_a continue_a frost_n may_v sometime_o bring_v the_o like_a calamity_n upon_o this_o isle_n who_o have_v the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o food_n out_o of_o these_o water_n but_o set_v aside_o all_o such_o accidental_a casualty_n and_o extraordinary_a dispensation_n of_o god_n providence_n iseland_n be_v as_o well_o provide_v for_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n in_o meat_n and_o drink_n as_o any_o other_o country_n whatever_o for_o the_o iselander_n have_v general_o considerable_a stock_n of_o kine_n and_o sheep_n beside_o large_a pile_n of_o dry_a fish_n of_o several_a sort_n it_o be_v true_a a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n want_v bread_n and_o salt_n which_o be_v reckon_v two_o of_o the_o great_a requisite_n in_o furnish_v out_o one_o of_o our_o southern_a table_n but_o he_o that_o shall_v serious_o consider_v the_o vast_a strength_n and_o healthy_a constitution_n which_o these_o usual_o enjoy_v and_o the_o old_a age_n they_o ordinary_o arrive_v at_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o conclude_v that_o dry_a fish_n will_v prove_v as_o trusty_a a_o staff_n of_o life_n as_o bread_n if_o we_o be_v use_v to_o it_o and_o that_o salt_n may_v probable_o be_v convenient_a in_o a_o hot_a country_n to_o preserve_v our_o meat_n from_o corrupt_v but_o need_v not_o be_v make_v use_n of_o at_o the_o table_n in_o short_a the_o islander_n have_v all_o manner_n of_o necessary_a and_o substantial_a food_n as_o beef_n mutton_n goose_n hen_n partridge_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o fowl_n they_o want_v only_o the_o delicacy_n of_o sauce_n which_o other_o country_n enjoy_v and_o the_o sharpness_n of_o their_o air_n furnish_v they_o with_o stomach_n which_o easy_o supply_v that_o defect_n the_o most_o general_a drink_v use_v among_o they_o be_v whey_n drink_v drink_v which_o be_v common_o so_o good_a that_o a_o ounce_n of_o it_o will_v very_o well_o bear_v half_a a_o ounce_n of_o water_n sometime_o they_o drink_v a_o kind_n of_o mead_n make_v of_o a_o little_a barley_n flower_n and_o a_o honeycomb_n boil_v in_o water_n another_o liquor_n they_o have_v which_o be_v squeeze_v out_o of_o a_o certain_a red_a berry_n peculiar_a to_o this_o isle_n the_o ancient_a iselander_n use_v to_o import_v beer_n from_o denmark_n scotland_n norway_n england_n and_o other_o foreign_a country_n but_o for_o many_o year_n last_o past_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v any_o considerable_a commerce_n with_o these_o nation_n and_o upon_o the_o decay_n of_o trade_n be_v force_v to_o content_v themselves_o with_o such_o liquor_n as_o their_o own_o land_n afford_v how_o poor_a and_o mean_a soever_o these_o liquor_n may_v seem_v to_o southern_a palate_n use_v to_o the_o juice_n of_o the_o grape_n yet_o with_o these_o the_o ancient_a iselander_n can_v make_v merry_a and_o keep_v banquet_n and_o revel_n with_o the_o mean_a fare_n beforementioned_a what_o grandeur_n their_o public_a entertainment_n want_v in_o the_o delicacy_n of_o the_o viand_n and_o richness_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v make_v out_o in_o the_o length_n of_o their_o feast_n and_o number_n of_o their_o guest_n thus_o we_o read_v that_o theodore_n and_o thorwald_n brethren_n and_o citizen_n of_o hialtaedat_fw-la in_o north_n iseland_n solcmnize_n the_o funeral_n of_o their_o father_n hialta_n entertain_v twelve_o hundred_o person_n for_o fourteen_o day_n together_o at_o a_o banquet_n and_o at_o their_o departure_n present_v the_o chief_a of_o their_o guest_n with_o gift_n answerable_a to_o their_o quality_n after_o the_o same_o rate_n and_o for_o as_o long_o a_o time_n olaus_n pa_n a_o west_n islander_n and_o his_o brethren_n entertain_v nine_o hundred_o man_n but_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o this_o be_v a_o instance_n of_o the_o generosity_n and_o gallantry_n or_o not_o rather_o prodigality_n of_o these_o people_n for_o the_o northern_a nation_n be_v general_o strange_o lavish_a in_o their_o entertainment_n at_o wedding_n and_o burial_n insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v grow_v a_o proverb_n in_o some_o of_o those_o country_n pay_v for_o thy_o father_n coffin_n before_o thou_o think_v of_o buy_v a_o cradle_n meaning_n that_o the_o entertainment_n at_o the_o burial_n of_o a_o father_n and_o marriage_n of_o a_o new_a wife_n if_o they_o come_v together_o be_v sufficient_a to_o ruin_v a_o man_n in_o his_o estate_n and_o make_v his_o heir_n a_o beggar_n before_o the_o
place_n spring_v out_o of_o hill_n of_o alum_n brimstone_n and_o niter_n but_o their_o water_n be_v not_o so_o hot_a here_o as_o at_o baden_n drink_a inward_o they_o have_v be_v know_v to_o cure_v asthmae_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o stoppage_n and_o shortness_n of_o breath_n as_o also_o old_a and_o inveterate_a ague_n and_o fever_n by_o wash_v and_o bathe_v they_o cure_v the_o itch_n scab_n and_o leprosy_n and_o be_v a_o excellent_a remedy_n against_o old_a sore_n and_o bruise_n rotel_n sponheim_n susenburg_n and_o mahlberg_n badenweiler_n badenweiler_n be_v place_n which_o have_v be_v former_o of_o some_o note_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o castle_n or_o palace_n of_o some_o ancient_a prince_n of_o the_o empire_n who_o have_v borrow_a their_o title_n from_o the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o their_o family_n and_o hence_o the_o name_n of_o these_o old_a town_n be_v still_o register_v in_o the_o title_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o baden_n but_o otherwise_o they_o have_v nothing_o worthy_a of_o a_o description_n the_o landgraviate_n of_o alsace_n alsatia_n or_o elsass_n have_v its_o name_n in_o all_o probability_n from_o the_o river_n ell_n or_o ill_n which_o run_v through_o it_o whence_o elsassen_n as_o the_o german_n call_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o die_v a_o der_fw-mi elle_fw-fr sassen_n other_o wohnen_n i.e._n the_o people_n that_o dwell_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o elle_fw-fr some_o i_o know_v will_v have_v the_o ancient_a name_n of_o the_o country_n to_o be_v edel-sassen_a intimate_v a_o delicate_a and_o noble_a seat_n our_o countryman_n mr._n sheringham_n as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o observe_v make_v this_o a_o part_n of_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o ancient_a saxon_n and_o by_o they_o call_v edel-sassen_a or_o noble_a as_o a_o piece_n of_o the_o rich_a and_o pleasant_a ground_n they_o be_v master_n of_o the_o country_n be_v certain_o as_o these_o late_a etymologist_n will_v make_v it_o as_o rich_a and_o noble_a a_o province_n as_o any_o in_o the_o german_a empire_n and_o as_o plentiful_o stock_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n especial_o corn_n and_o wine_n the_o hill_n be_v common_o cover_v with_o chesnut-grove_n and_o leberthal_n with_o some_o other_o valley_n afford_v good_a store_n of_o copper_n lead_v and_o other_o metal_n in_o some_o place_n you_o meet_v with_o rich_a meadow_n and_o fat_a pasture-ground_n which_o furnish_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o good_a butter_n and_o a_o sort_n of_o cheese_n equal_a if_o not_o preferable_a to_o the_o best_a in_o holland_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o schwaben_n and_o the_o dukedom_n of_o wirtenberg_n on_o the_o south_n with_o switzerland_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o dukedom_n of_o lorraine_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o county_n palatinate_n of_o the_o rhine_n the_o length_n of_o it_o be_v reckon_v at_o about_o twenty_o german_a mile_n though_o the_o breadth_n scarce_o any_o where_n exceed_v four_o this_o whole_a land_n be_v former_o subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o franc_n and_o by_o their_o king_n hilderic_n bestow_v under_o the_o name_n of_o a_o dukedom_n on_o his_o favourite_n etico_n in_o the_o year_n 684._o etico_n be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n adelprecht_n who_o leave_v his_o two_o son_n linfrid_n and_o eberhard_n coheir_n of_o the_o dukedom_n after_o this_o the_o duke_n of_o this_o country_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o their_o dominion_n by_o charles_n martel_n hofmeister_n or_o lord_z chamberlain_z of_o the_o household_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n but_o in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o emperor_n otho_n i._o the_o count_n of_o kiburg_n the_o emperor_n kinsman_n get_v possession_n of_o alsatia_n and_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o be_v make_v the_o first_o landgrave_v of_o this_o country_n other_o say_v that_o it_o be_v first_o divide_v into_o two_o landgraviate_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n otto_n iii_o in_o who_o time_n the_o upper_a alsace_n come_v first_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o count_n of_o haspurge_n who_o from_o thenceforward_o be_v lord_n of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n the_o low_a alsace_n be_v afterward_o by_o the_o earl_n of_o ottingen_n who_o get_v the_o possession_n of_o it_o after_o the_o decease_n of_o henry_n its_o landgrave_n without_o issue_n sell_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o strasburg_n who_o be_v like_a to_o continue_v master_n of_o it_o so_o long_o as_o the_o french_a king_n will_v give_v he_o leave_v alsatia_n be_v usual_o divide_v into_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a alsace_n beside_o the_o lesser_a territory_n of_o ortenaw_n brisgow_n hagenaw_n sungaw_n etc._n etc._n but_o most_o of_o these_o petty_a province_n may_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o upper_a alsace_n and_o come_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o upper_a landgraviate_v and_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o low_a the_o chief_a city_n and_o great_a town_n in_o the_o low_a alsace_n next_o to_o strasburg_n of_o which_o anon_o the_o chief_a town_n in_o the_o low_a alsace_n be_v zabern_n zabern_n zabern_n or_o elsasszabern_n as_o it_o be_v sometime_o call_v to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o other_o two_o city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n one_o in_o the_o palatinate_n and_o the_o other_o in_o bergen_n it_o be_v thought_n to_o be_v the_o tabernae_n mention_v by_o antonine_n and_o marcellinus_n one_o of_o the_o old_a roman_a garrison_n demolish_v by_o the_o ancient_a german_n but_o rebuilt_a by_o julian_n the_o apostate_n the_o city_n be_v defend_v by_o a_o strong_a castle_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o high_a rock_n up_o to_o which_o you_o be_v lead_v by_o a_o narrow_a and_o rugged_a way_n cut_v out_o of_o the_o hard_a craggy_a mountain_n by_o william_n iii_o bishop_n of_o strasburg_n this_o prelate_n and_o his_o successor_n have_v usual_o keep_v their_o residence_n at_o zabern_n where_o they_o have_v also_o erect_v a_o court_n of_o judicature_n for_o the_o decision_n of_o all_o controversy_n arise_v within_o the_o precinct_n of_o their_o diocese_n but_o it_o be_v think_v that_o the_o french_a king_n who_o pretend_v to_o be_v master_n of_o the_o place_n will_v employ_v the_o castle_n otherwise_o hereafter_o 2._o weissenburg_n weissenburg_n weissenburg_n be_v a_o imperial_a city_n but_o reckon_v a_o part_n of_o the_o low_a alsace_n as_o be_v incorporate_v into_o the_o province_n of_o hagenaw_n beatus_fw-la rhenanus_fw-la say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o ancient_a sebusii_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v call_v by_o latin_a author_n sebusium_n dagobert_n king_n of_o france_n present_v this_o city_n with_o a_o crown_n of_o silver_n gild_v with_o gold_n and_o adorn_v with_o a_o great_a many_o turret_n and_o other_o flourish_n of_o art_n who_o diameter_n be_v four_o and_o twenty_o foot_n in_o remembrance_n of_o which_o noble_a present_a the_o citizen_n have_v a_o crown_n of_o copper_n of_o the_o same_o bigness_n hang_v up_o in_o their_o great_a church_n which_o continue_v there_o till_o in_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n of_o germany_n it_o be_v break_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o soldiery_n who_o sieze_v on_o it_o for_o good_a plunder_v the_o same_o king_n grant_v the_o citizen_n of_o weissenburg_n privilege_n to_o hunt_v and_o fish_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o certain_a circle_n which_o in_o some_o place_n reach_v two_o german_a mile_n from_o the_o town_n in_o other_o no_o more_o than_o one_o this_o circle_n be_v in_o their_o charter_n style_v emunitas_fw-la which_o the_o modern_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o place_n have_v corrupt_v into_o mundat_fw-la the_o emperor_n charles_n iv_o make_v the_o abbot_n of_o this_o place_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o monastery_n at_o fulda_n kempten_a and_o murbach_n a_o prelate_n of_o the_o empire_n bestow_v on_o he_o the_o title_n of_o a_o prince_n and_o allow_v he_o to_o sit_v at_o his_o foot_n in_o all_o diet_n and_o other_o public_a assembly_n of_o the_o state_n general_n of_o the_o empire_n 3._o brisach_n brisach_n the_o imperial_a city_n hagenaw_n be_v seat_v between_o the_o two_o rivers_n motter_n and_o sorna_n about_o four_o german_a mile_n from_o strasburg_n it_o be_v encompass_v round_o with_o a_o sandy_a soil_n and_o thick_a wood_n but_o at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o town_n there_o be_v large_a and_o pleasant_a cornfield_n with_o good_a store_n of_o vineyard_n it_o have_v ancient_o be_v reckon_v one_o of_o the_o four_o chief_a village_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n and_o indeed_o it_o may_v now_o as_o proper_o as_o ever_o be_v term_v a_o village_n since_o it_o be_v burn_v to_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o french_a force_n a._n d._n 1677_o but_o have_v in_o it_o even_o in_o those_o day_n the_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n for_o both_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a alsace_n afterward_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n i._o wall_v it_o round_o beautify_v it_o with_o a_o fair_a palace_n wherein_o himself_o for_o some_o time_n keep_v his_o residence_n and_o make_v it_o
people_n be_v find_v dead_a in_o their_o sled_n the_o cold_a also_o endure_v a_o long_a time_n the_o frost_n ordinary_o begin_v with_o november_n but_o break_v not_o up_o till_o april_n i.e._n till_o the_o sun_n have_v be_v some_o considerable_a time_n above_o their_o horizon_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o all_o their_o plant_n and_o whatsoever_o be_v underground_o in_o winter_n be_v ready_a to_o thrust_v itself_o into_o the_o air_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o have_v liberty_n their_o rye_n for_o this_o reason_n they_o sow_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o snow_n and_o ice_n be_v melt_v it_o may_v spring_v and_o have_v time_n to_o ripen_v but_o all_o their_o other_o corn_n which_o require_v not_o so_o much_o maturation_n they_o sow_v not_o till_o may._n and_o it_o be_v by_o stranger_n much_o take_v notice_n of_o that_o even_o almost_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o snow_n be_v go_v the_o field_n be_v all_o green_a and_o plant_n spring_n much_o fast_o than_o in_o another_o place_n where_o their_o natural_a force_n and_o vigour_n have_v not_o be_v so_o much_o restrain_v and_o keep_v back_o by_o the_o cold_a and_o the_o snow_n so_o that_o what_o they_o sow_v in_o may_n and_o june_n they_o reap_v in_o july_n and_o august_n and_o indeed_o the_o shortness_n of_o their_o summer_n allow_v they_o not_o much_o time_n for_o tillage_n it_o be_v also_o observe_v that_o their_o rye_n be_v in_o its_o kind_n their_o best_a grain_n and_o for_o their_o fruit_n though_o they_o have_v of_o most_o sort_n as_o apple_n pear_n plum_n cherry_n etc._n etc._n yet_o they_o be_v not_o so_o good_a nor_o do_v not_o ripen_v so_o kind_o nor_o can_v be_v so_o long_o preserve_v as_o in_o those_o place_n where_o they_o grow_v and_o ripen_v slow_a but_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v of_o hasty_a and_o speedy_a growth_n be_v very_o good_a as_o all_o sort_n of_o berry_n herb_n gourd_n and_o melon_n which_o be_v here_o both_o exceed_o great_a some_o weigh_a forty_o pound_n and_o very_o well_o taste_v but_o they_o breed_v they_o in_o hot_a bed_n as_o we_o do_v here_o and_o never_o remove_v they_o all_o author_n almost_o speak_v of_o a_o certain_a melon_n or_o gourd_n call_v boranetz_n or_o a_o lamb_n that_o grow_v upon_o a_o stalk_n and_o when_o it_o have_v eat_v all_o the_o grass_n within_o its_o reach_n it_o die_v it_o be_v possible_a that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o fruit_n which_o with_o the_o help_n of_o imagination_n may_v somewhat_o resemble_v a_o lamb_n and_o it_o may_v also_o be_v downy_a and_o woolly_a also_o it_o may_v be_v either_o of_o so_o hot_a a_o temper_n or_o so_o great_a a_o depredator_n of_o moisture_n that_o it_o may_v cause_v the_o neighbouring-plant_n to_o wither_v and_o die_v but_o that_o there_o be_v any_o animal_n grow_v upon_o a_o root_n and_o eat_v etc._n etc._n they_o that_o have_v see_v it_o must_v believe_v it_o but_o other_o person_n may_v have_v their_o liberty_n it_o be_v not_o long_o ago_o since_o they_o begin_v to_o cultivate_v garden-herb_n but_o they_o prosper_v very_o well_o as_o asparagus_n for_o the_o purpose_n grow_v as_o thick_a as_o a_o man_n thumb_n and_o edible_a root_n must_v needs_o become_v both_o large_a and_o pleasant_a from_o this_o multitude_n of_o melt_a snow_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o ground_n be_v very_o soft_a and_o mellow_a which_o though_o it_o be_v a_o inconvenience_n in_o their_o high_a way_n insomuch_o that_o even_o the_o street_n of_o moskow_n will_v be_v unpassable_a be_v it_o not_o that_o they_o pave_v they_o with_o round_a fir-tree_n lay_v close_o to_o one_o another_o yet_o in_o their_o till_v their_o ground_n it_o be_v very_o useful_a for_o neither_o do_v they_o use_v any_o manure_a even_o in_o the_o barren_a place_n nor_o be_v their_o ground_n difficult_a to_o belabour_v not_o small_a convenience_n to_o a_o lazy_a people_n that_o even_o stir_v it_o with_o a_o stick_n be_v in_o some_o place_n sufficient_a for_o their_o corn._n nor_o be_v their_o corn_n be_v so_o short_a a_o time_n betwixt_o the_o sow_a and_o harvest_n subject_a to_o so_o many_o accident_n drought_n rain_n blast_n etc._n etc._n as_o we_o be_v whence_o it_o be_v note_v that_o it_o be_v exceed_o rare_a to_o hear_v of_o a_o dearth_n in_o muscovy_n except_o by_o the_o wickedness_n of_o they_o that_o buy_v up_o the_o corn_n to_o sell_v it_o dear_a though_o they_o sow_v little_o more_o than_o for_o their_o own_o spend_v but_o sow_v for_o plenty_n they_o have_v much_o to_o spare_v as_o the_o dutch_a know_v very_o well_o who_o bring_v thence_o great_a quantity_n to_o supply_v their_o own_o necessity_n it_o be_v also_o observe_v in_o their_o weather_n that_o the_o summer_n be_v violent_o hot_a both_o because_o their_o day_n be_v so_o long_o and_o the_o soil_n for_o the_o most_o part_n sandy_a which_o easy_o receive_v and_o retain_v strong_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n so_o long_o upon_o it_o this_o heat_n come_v upon_o proportionable_a moisture_n produce_v prodigious_a quantity_n of_o gnat_n and_o other_o infect_v which_o though_o not_o so_o dangerous_a as_o toad_n and_o viper_n yet_o be_v much_o more_o troublesome_a and_o a_o much_o great_a annoyance_n indeed_o a_o extraordinary_a heat_n be_v requisite_a to_o force_v up_o such_o a_o quantity_n of_o material_n as_o must_v serve_v to_o make_v so_o much_o snow_n that_o it_o cover_v the_o ground_n some_o yard_n thick_a but_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o believe_v what_o some_o author_n say_v that_o it_o sometime_o set_v on_o fire_n their_o cornfield_n and_o their_o wood_n but_o this_o heat_n be_v augment_v or_o conserve_v as_o be_v say_v before_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n for_o in_o livonia_n in_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o latitude_n yea_o divide_v only_o from_o russia_n by_o the_o river_n narva_n their_o corn_n seldom_o come_v to_o be_v so_o ripe_a and_o hard_a that_o they_o can_v thresh_v or_o grind_v it_o but_o they_o be_v force_v to_o help_v themselves_o with_o stove_n build_v in_o their_o barn_n for_o dry_v their_o corn_n which_o though_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o thresh_v yet_o it_o neither_o yield_v so_o much_o flower_n nor_o be_v so_o good_a to_o sow_v as_o that_o which_o ripen_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o it_o always_o do_v in_o muscovy_n the_o country_n be_v general_o overgrow_v with_o wood_n and_o their_o forest_n consist_v most_o of_o fir_n and_o birch_n which_o love_v a_o light_n sandy_a soil_n and_o lake_n both_o i_o believe_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n want_v of_o tillage_n for_o the_o native_n husband_v not_o much_o more_o than_o they_o be_v sure_o will_v serve_v themselves_o for_o shall_v they_o have_v great_a plenty_n they_o can_v not_o find_v market_n for_o it_o and_o they_o be_v not_o careful_a of_o increase_a their_o stock_n of_o man_n albertus_n campensis_n tell_v very_o great_a story_n who_o in_o some_o thing_n we_o have_v follow_v of_o the_o great_a abundance_n of_o people_n in_o russia_n possevine_v again_o as_o much_o disparage_v they_o but_o our_o own_o author_n affirm_v that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o well_o people_v as_o it_o may_v be_v partly_o because_o of_o their_o war_n which_o devour_v always_o great_a quantity_n of_o they_o and_o partly_o because_o they_o be_v lazy_a and_o take_v more_o care_n themselves_o to_o live_v in_o ease_n and_o plenty_n then_o to_o multiply_v their_o nation_n or_o employ_v more_o hand_n then_o of_o needs_o they_o must_v these_o forest_n must_v needs_o be_v very_o well_o store_v with_o beast_n and_o fowl_n their_o beast_n be_v elk_n which_o the_o german_n call_v elans_n and_o olan_n and_o the_o russes_z lozzi_n not_o much_o unlike_a to_o the_o rain-deer_n wild_a bull_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o bisontes_n of_o the_o ancient_n boar_n bear_n of_o a_o prodigious_a magnitude_n strength_n and_o cruelty_n both_o white_a and_o black_a wolf_n also_o too_o many_o for_o in_o a_o hard_a winter_n both_o the_o bear_n who_o sleep_v not_o when_o hunger_n pinch_v they_o and_o wolf_n be_v very_o pernicious_a to_o their_o cattle_n and_o their_o person_n also_o when_o they_o meet_v they_o unarm_v there_o be_v also_o horse_n plenty_n small_a but_o strong_a courageous_a and_o very_o serviceable_a cow_n goat_n and_o sheep_n fallow_a deer_n also_o and_o roe-buck_n in_o great_a plenty_n beside_o these_o be_v many_o other_o who_o be_v hunt_v only_o for_o their_o fur_n as_o the_o wolverine_n or_o wood-dog_n beavor_n once_o lysern_n sable_n martron_n black_a dun_a red_a and_o white_a fox_n the_o gurnstal_n the_o laset_n or_o minever_n hare_n which_o in_o winter_n change_v their_o colour_n into_o white_a as_o the_o squirrel_n do_v into_o gray_a whereof_o come_v the_o fur_n they_o call_v calaber_n there_o be_v one_o sort_n of_o squirrel_n that_o have_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o its_o
into_o one_o and_o then_o into_o the_o other_o and_o if_o it_o be_v strong_a enough_o to_o endure_v so_o sudden_a a_o change_n of_o heat_n and_o cold_a they_o think_v it_o will_v make_v a_o hardy_a fellow_n and_o fit_a for_o their_o business_n whereupon_o they_o endeavour_v to_o have_v it_o baptize_v as_o soon_o as_o they_o can_v possible_o wrap_v it_o in_o moss_n and_o so_o carry_v it_o to_o church_n though_o at_o a_o very_a great_a distance_n either_o upon_o their_o back_n or_o in_o a_o pannier_n upon_o their_o rain-deer_n as_o they_o ancient_o use_v to_o do_v to_o their_o public_a fair_n whither_o priest_n be_v send_v twice_o a_o year_n out_o of_o sweden_n while_o their_o child_n be_v young_a they_o use_v they_o to_o bow_v and_o arrow_n by_o which_o they_o be_v to_o get_v their_o future_a livelihood_n and_o to_o make_v they_o the_o more_o expert_a always_o place_v their_o victual_n upon_o a_o post_n as_o their_o mark_n to_o shoot_v at_o which_o they_o hit_v down_o or_o fast_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o laplander_n live_v in_o summer_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o laplander_n live_v in_o winter_n f._n h._n van._n hove_n sculp_v r._n t_o honorable_n antony_z earl_n of_o shaftsbury_n if_o any_o one_o be_v dangerous_o sick_a they_o either_o send_v for_o the_o priest_n if_o near_o to_o prepare_v he_o for_o death_n or_o to_o the_o magician_n to_o resolve_v they_o by_o his_o drum_n if_o he_o shall_v recover_v part_v their_o respect_n betwixt_o god_n minister_n and_o the_o devil_n servant_n if_o he_o die_v they_o imagine_v that_o his_o soul_n be_v not_o at_o rest_n till_o the_o body_n be_v in_o the_o grave_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n use_v all_o haste_n possible_a to_o convey_v it_o to_o some_o buryingplace_n which_o be_v frequent_o the_o near_a cave_n or_o wood_n churchyard_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o remoteness_n they_o seldom_o make_v use_n of_o the_o dead_a body_n they_o carry_v upon_o a_o sledd_a and_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o cave_n cast_v it_o in_o and_o the_o sledd_a after_o it_o or_o else_o cover_v it_o with_o great_a log_n of_o wood_n to_o secure_v it_o from_o wild_a beast_n always_o lay_v beside_o it_o a_o flint_n and_o steel_n and_o sometime_o a_o hatchet_n which_o they_o suppose_v may_v be_v serviceable_a to_o they_o in_o the_o other_o world_n at_o their_o return_n they_o provide_v a_o funeral_n banquet_n or_o rather_o a_o sacrifice_n to_o the_o ghost_n of_o the_o decease_a person_n which_o be_v thus_o they_o take_v those_o rain-deer_n that_o drag_v the_o dead_a body_n to_o the_o grave_n and_o offer_v they_o in_o sacrifice_n to_o the_o mane_n feast_v upon_o their_o flesh_n and_o make_v merry_a with_o brandy_n and_o tobacco_n and_o the_o best_a cheer_n they_o have_v at_o last_o they_o drink_v a_o health_n round_o to_o the_o person_n depart_v this_o do_v they_o careful_o gather_v the_o bone_n of_o the_o rain-deer_n put_v they_o into_o a_o box_n with_o a_o rude_a image_n of_o their_o friend_n and_o so_o bury_v they_o together_o these_o ceremony_n observe_v also_o in_o their_o heathenism_n show_v that_o even_o then_o as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o dictate_v of_o nature_n they_o conceive_v themselves_o to_o consist_v of_o a_o immortal_a part_n also_o and_o that_o they_o expect_v another_o life_n after_o this_o wherein_o they_o imagine_v every_o one_o to_o follow_v their_o former_a employment_n and_o consequent_o to_o be_v again_o unite_v to_o their_o body_n the_o life_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o laplander_n as_o it_o be_v express_v in_o the_o plate_n here_o annex_v the_o upper-part_n be_v their_o summer-living_a the_o underpart_n their_o way_n of_o live_v in_o winter_n in_o the_o upper-part_n you_o have_v 1_o a_o church_n for_o those_o who_o be_v convert_v to_o the_o lutheran_n religion_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o which_o in_o lieu_n of_o a_o 2_o basin_n of_o holywater_n there_o stand_v one_o full_a of_o brandywine_n with_o a_o spoon_n in_o it_o of_o which_o every_o one_o who_o come_v to_o church_n take_v a_o sup_n to_o encourage_v and_o warm_v his_o zeal_n the_o first_o man_n you_o see_v represent_v the_o 3_o priest_n the_o next_o the_o best_a 4_o man_n of_o the_o parish_n then_o follow_v a_o 5_o bride_n attend_v upon_o by_o two_o 6_o bridemaid_n after_o who_o come_v the_o 7_o bridegroom_n and_o other_o friend_n 8_o their_o manner_n of_o make_v basket_n which_o be_v their_o great_a trade_n 9_o their_o way_n of_o carry_v and_o of_o rock_v their_o child_n 10_o the_o manner_n how_o the_o young_a child_n grow_v up_o suck_v the_o rain-deer_n 11_o the_o man_n and_o wife_n way_n of_o lie_v in_o bed_n 12_o their_o house_n for_o keep_v their_o provision_n themselves_o in_o the_o cold_a part_n of_o winter_n lie_v in_o tent_n 13_o their_o manner_n of_o eat_v 14_o the_o priest_n way_n of_o baptise_v and_o the_o clark_n bring_v water_n 15_o their_o way_n of_o wire-drawing_a which_o be_v much_o use_v among_o they_o for_o adorn_v of_o their_o boot_n and_o coat_n 16_o among_o those_o who_o be_v not_o yet_o convert_v to_o the_o christian_a religion_n you_o have_v their_o way_n of_o sacrifice_v 17_o their_o three_o god_n stand_v uppermost_a and_o under_o each_o of_o they_o upon_o the_o altar_n lie_v three_o piece_n of_o the_o sacrifice_a rain-deer_n 18_o their_o way_n of_o pray_v to_o they_o 19_o their_o way_n of_o burial_n 20_o their_o way_n of_o pray_v to_o death_n that_o it_o will_v be_v please_v to_o spare_v they_o awhile_o in_o the_o underpart_n you_o have_v 1_o their_o manner_n of_o bring_v their_o tax_n consist_v of_o several_a sort_n of_o skin_n and_o dry_a fish_n to_o the_o king_n commissioner_n which_o be_v pay_v each_o one_o take_v a_o large_a spoonful_n of_o brandywine_n which_o stand_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o table_n and_o so_o away_o above_o which_o you_o see_v the_o 2_o commissioner_n tent._n 3_o their_o way_n of_o travel_v in_o sledd_n draw_v by_o rain-deer_n which_o by_o the_o by_o do_v agree_v so_o well_o with_o those_o barren_a country_n that_o if_o you_o do_v but_o bring_v they_o into_o sweden_n which_o yet_o be_v none_o of_o the_o most_o fertile_a they_o die_v in_o a_o short_a time_n 4_o their_o way_n of_o carry_v their_o good_n 5_o their_o manner_n of_o rule_v their_o rain-deer_n with_o a_o whip_n or_o line_n 6_o their_o way_n of_o shoot_v they_o 7_o their_o take_a tobacco_n which_o they_o prize_v above_o meat_n 8_o their_o speak_n in_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o rain-deer_n tell_v they_o what_o they_o shall_v do_v or_o whither_o they_o shall_v go_v which_o as_o i_o be_o credible_o inform_v they_o will_v observe_v exact_o 9_o their_o manner_n of_o gelding_n they_o 10_o their_o way_n of_o lay_v their_o head_n under_o a_o drum_n which_o the_o devil_n beat_v and_o from_o thence_o the_o man_n learn_v what_o success_n he_o shall_v have_v in_o his_o affair_n 11_o his_o give_v the_o man_n the_o hammer_n and_o let_v he_o beat_v of_o the_o province_n of_o sweden_n proper_o so_o take_v next_o to_o be_v speak_v to_o be_v suecia_n or_o sweden_n strict_o so_o call_v of_o which_o because_o it_o have_v be_v honour_v always_o by_o the_o residence_n of_o their_o king_n and_o be_v the_o chief_a scene_n of_o swedish_n affair_n we_o shall_v in_o the_o first_o place_n treat_v and_o afterward_o speak_v of_o gothia_n or_o gothland_n with_o all_o its_o province_n rather_o as_o a_o accession_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n than_o a_o distinct_a kingdom_n from_o it_o though_o ancient_o gothia_n and_o suecia_n have_v their_o distinct_a succession_n of_o king_n of_o finland_n ingria_n and_o aesthonia_n with_o the_o late_a conquest_n in_o livonia_n pomeren_n etc._n etc._n we_o shall_v in_o the_o last_o place_n discourse_n reserve_v the_o law_n and_o government_n as_o also_o the_o manner_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n till_o we_o come_v to_o stockholm_n the_o present_a metropolis_n of_o this_o great_a empire_n suecia_n then_o suecia_n suecia_n or_o suetia_n call_v by_o the_o english_a sweden_n or_o swedland_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o lapland_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o dofrine_n hill_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o bothnick_a and_o finnick_n bay_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o gothland_n and_o sconen_n a_o fruitful_a but_o in_o some_o part_n mountainous_a and_o woody_a country_n abound_v with_o several_a rich_a mine_n and_o afford_v very_o great_a conveniency_n of_o water_n and_o fuel_n for_o work_v they_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o general_a part_n viz._n suecia_n strict_o so_o take_v and_o the_o northlands_n or_o northlandish_a province_n i._o the_o northlands_n contain_v in_o they_o two_o distinct_a country_n or_o province_n helsingia_n and_o gestricia_n part_v one_o from_o the_o other_o by_o the_o great_a wood_n oedemord_v 1._o gestricia_n gestricia_n gestricia_n which_o afford_v some_o