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water_n air_n cold_a hot_a 5,127 5 8.1028 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A16282 The manners, lauues, and customes of all nations collected out of the best vvriters by Ioannes Boemus ... ; with many other things of the same argument, gathered out of the historie of Nicholas Damascen ; the like also out of the history of America, or Brasill, written by Iohn Lerius ; the faith, religion and manners of the Aethiopians, and the deploration of the people of Lappia, compiled by Damianus a ̀Goes ; with a short discourse of the Aethiopians, taken out of Ioseph Scaliger his seuenth booke de emendatione temporum ; written in Latin, and now newly translated into English, by Ed. Aston.; Omnium gentium mores, leges, et ritus. English. 1611 Boemus, Joannes, ca. 1485-1535.; Góis, Damião de, 1502-1574.; Nicolaus, of Damascus.; Léry, Jean de, 1534-1611. Histoire d'un voyage fait en la terre du Brésil.; Scaliger, Joseph Juste, 1540-1609. De emendatione temporum.; Aston, Edward, b. 1573 or 4. 1611 (1611) STC 3198.5; ESTC S102777 343,933 572

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long_a observation_n the_o course_n of_o the_o star_n by_o who_o speculation_n they_o prophesy_v of_o man_n future_a fortune_n they_o imagine_v the_o planet_n to_o be_v of_o great_a power_n and_o especial_o saturn_n suppose_v the_o sun_n to_o be_v of_o most_o beauty_n and_o of_o great_a virtue_n and_o that_o mars_n venus_n mercury_n and_o jupiter_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v more_o than_o the_o rest_n for_o that_o they_o have_v each_o one_o his_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a motion_n foreshow_v thing_n to_o come_v and_o be_v the_o true_a interpreter_n of_o the_o god_n and_o of_o this_o they_o be_v so_o full_o persuade_v as_o they_o call_v these_o four_o star_n all_o by_o the_o name_n of_o mercury_n they_o foretell_v many_o thing_n to_o come_v both_o wholesome_a and_o hurtful_a by_o wind_n shower_n heat_n comet_n eclipse_n of_o sun_n &_o moon_n earthquake_n and_o by_o sundry_a other_o sign_n and_o prodigy_n beside_o and_o they_o imagine_v that_o there_o be_v other_o star_n subject_a &_o inferior_a to_o these_o planet_n of_o which_o some_o wander_v in_o our_o hemisphere_n and_o some_o in_o that_o which_o be_v under_o we_o beside_o this_o they_o hold_v the_o like_a error_n that_o the_o egyptian_n do_v and_o feign_a to_o themselves_o twelve_o god_n attribute_v unto_o each_o of_o they_o a_o month_n &_o a_o sign_n in_o the_o zodiac_n they_o prophesy_v of_o many_o thing_n that_o shall_v happen_v to_o their_o king_n as_o foreshow_v to_o alexander_n the_o victory_n he_o shall_v have_v in_o the_o fight_n with_o darius_n to_o hircanor_n seleucus_n and_o to_o other_o successor_n of_o alexander_n and_o many_o thing_n after_o that_o to_o the_o roman_a successor_n who_o event_n prove_v true_a they_o write_v also_o of_o four_o and_o twenty_o other_o star_n whereof_o twelve_o be_v beyond_o the_o zodiac_n towards_o the_o north_n and_o the_o other_o twelve_o towards_o the_o south_n of_o which_o those_o which_o appear_v to_o our_o view_n they_o suppose_v to_o have_v dominion_n over_o the_o live_n and_o the_o other_o to_o pertain_v to_o those_o which_o be_v dead_a these_o thing_n &_o other_o circumstance_n have_v those_o chaldean_n set_v forth_o to_o man_n sight_n as_o they_o have_v note_v by_o long_a observation_n allege_v that_o this_o their_o doctrine_n have_v continue_v for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o and_o forty_o thousand_o year_n from_o the_o first_o invention_n thereof_o to_o the_o reign_n of_o alexander_n which_o allegation_n of_o they_o be_v a_o very_a gross_a &_o impudent_a fable_n unless_o we_o shall_v interpret_v that_o the_o time_n of_o each_o year_n be_v but_o a_o month_n as_o be_v among_o the_o egyptian_n of_o judaea_n and_o of_o the_o custom_n law_n and_o institution_n of_o the_o jew_n cap._n 4._o palestine_n which_o be_v also_o call_v judaea_n be_v a_o particular_a province_n of_o syria_n sytuate_v palestine_n betwixt_o caelosiria_n and_o arabia_n petrea_n upon_o the_o west_n it_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o egyptian_a sea_n and_o upon_o the_o east_n with_o the_o river_n of_o jordan_n this_o land_n the_o book_n of_o holy_a bible_n and_o josephus_n their_o imitator_n call_v canaan_n a_o land_n abound_v with_o many_o riches_n as_o have_v canaan_n plenty_n of_o fruit_n famous_a water_n and_o be_v well_o furnish_v with_o balm_n it_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o very_a middle_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v therefore_o very_o temperate_a neither_o to_o hot_a nor_o to_o cold_a which_o for_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o element_n the_o israelite_n or_o hebreve_n be_v a_o very_a ancient_a people_n and_o with_o who_o alone_o from_o the_o first_o creation_n of_o mankind_n the_o knowledge_n and_o worship_n of_o the_o heavenly_a and_o true_a god_n and_o the_o first_o form_n of_o speech_n remain_v esteem_v to_o be_v that_o which_o be_v promise_v by_o god_n to_o their_o seed_n father_n abraham_n isaac_n and_o jacob_n a_o land_n flow_v with_o milk_n and_o honey_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o fortith_n year_n after_o the_o child_n of_o israells_n departure_n out_o of_o egypt_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o valiant_a captain_n josua_n they_o obtain_v the_o dominion_n thereof_o by_o force_n of_o their_o arm_n vanquish_a and_o expel_v one_o and_o thirty_o king_n which_o reign_v in_o that_o moses_n country_n the_o israelite_n retain_v and_o live_v under_o those_o law_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o moses_n their_o first_o captain_n &_o although_o for_o many_o age_n before_o moses_n day_n they_o live_v without_o write_a law_n with_o great_a devotion_n &_o sanctity_n obtain_v the_o truth_n by_o divine_a oracle_n and_o by_o the_o acuteness_n &_o magnanimity_n of_o their_o mind_n and_o understand_n yet_o that_o great_a divine_a moses_n think_v that_o no_o city_n can_v long_o continue_v in_o safety_n without_o the_o practice_n of_o law_n and_o equity_n and_o therefore_o when_o by_o reward_v the_o good_a &_o punish_v the_o wicked_a he_o have_v sufficient_o exhort_v his_o people_n to_o embrace_v virtue_n and_o eschew_v vice_n he_o propose_v unto_o they_o other_o law_n and_o civel_n ordinance_n found_v upon_o those_o ten_o chief_a head_n and_o ground_n of_o law_n pronounce_v by_o god_n himself_o in_o mount_n sina_n &_o write_v in_o two_o table_n of_o which_o law_n be_v so_o many_o as_o they_o alone_o will_v be_v sufficient_a matter_n to_o fill_v a_o whole_a volume_n i_o will_v only_o touch_v those_o which_o be_v most_o worthy_a of_o remembrance_n &_o they_o that_o desire_v to_o know_v the_o rest_n let_v they_o read_v josephus_n &_o the_o book_n of_o the_o bible_n first_o moses_n ordain_v that_o young_a child_n as_o soon_o as_o law_n they_o be_v able_a to_o conceive_v shall_v be_v instruct_v in_o the_o law_n see_v they_o contain_v in_o they_o the_o best_a kind_n of_o discipline_n that_o whosoever_o blaspheme_v the_o name_n of_o god_n shall_v hang_v all_o a_o whole_a day_n &_o be_v cast_v out_o at_o night_n without_o burial_n that_o no_o sacrifice_n shall_v be_v solemnize_v with_o money_n get_v by_o whoredom_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v 7._o chief_a governor_n in_o every_o city_n which_o be_v most_o note_v for_o justice_n &_o wisdom_n &_o that_o two_o of_o the_o levitical_a priest_n shall_v sit_v in_o judgement_n with_o they_o &_o if_o in_o discern_a controversy_n the_o judge_n will_v not_o condescend_v to_o that_o which_o be_v right_a the_o whole_a matter_n shall_v be_v decide_v by_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o priest_n &_o elder_a that_o the_o testimony_n of_o one_o man_n shall_v not_o be_v currant_n to_o convince_v a_o other_o of_o any_o crime_n nor_o yet_o of_o two_o unless_o their_o honesty_n be_v approve_v but_o the_o testimony_n of_o three_o shall_v stand_v and_o yet_o neither_o slave_n nor_o woman_n shall_v be_v sufficient_a witness_n because_o in_o one_o the_o baseness_n of_o his_o fortune_n in_o the_o other_o the_o weakness_n and_o lightness_n of_o her_o sex_n may_v right_o be_v suspect_v that_o the_o fruit_n of_o tree_n new_o set_v or_o plant_v shall_v not_o be_v meddle_v withal_o before_o the_o four_o year_n and_o that_o then_o they_o shall_v pay_v for_o tithe_n the_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o increase_n that_o neighbour_n and_o stranger_n shall_v have_v some_o part_n also_o and_o that_o the_o residue_n shall_v remain_v to_o he_o that_o plant_v they_o that_o they_o shall_v sow_v clean_a seed_n upon_o their_o ground_n and_o not_o mingle_v because_o the_o land_n will_v not_o like_v with_o seed_n of_o two_o sort_n that_o traveller_n shall_v not_o be_v restrain_v and_o interdict_v from_o fruit_n but_o that_o they_o may_v gather_v as_o much_o as_o they_o please_v and_o their_o present_a necessity_n require_v and_o that_o if_o they_o be_v ashamed_a to_o take_v it_o the_o owner_n shall_v offer_v it_o unto_o they_o that_o the_o woman_n that_o gain_v unlawful_o or_o marry_v herself_o to_o a_o other_o beside_o her_o lawful_a husband_n shall_v not_o be_v regard_v as_o a_o wife_n that_o she_o that_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v a_o virgin_n and_o be_v find_v defile_v in_o her_o body_n with_o any_o man_n and_o convict_v of_o the_o crime_n shall_v either_o be_v stone_v to_o death_n or_o burn_v alive_a if_o one_o deflower_v a_o virgin_n espouse_v to_o a_o other_o man_n though_o she_o consent_v yet_o both_o party_n shall_v suffer_v extreme_a punishment_n and_o if_o he_o ravish_v she_o forcible_o that_o then_o only_a the_o author_n of_o the_o injury_n shall_v be_v punish_v that_o if_o a_o man_n die_v and_o leave_v no_o child_n behind_o he_o his_o widow_n shall_v marry_v the_o brother_n of_o her_o decease_a husband_n and_o by_o that_o matrimony_n bring_v forth_o issue_n to_o succeed_v they_o in_o their_o stock_n but_o if_o the_o brother_n refuse_v to_o marry_v she_o he_o shall_v show_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o refusal_n before_o the_o elder_n and_o if_o his_o cause_n be_v approve_v good_a he_o shall_v have_v liberty_n
unto_o they_o who_o rescue_v they_o and_o recover_v the_o land_n again_o from_o the_o enemy_n take_v seizure_n thereof_o for_o himself_o the_o chief_a excercise_n of_o the_o valachian_n be_v husbandry_n and_o keep_n of_o cat-tail_n which_o argue_v and_o declare_v the_o original_n of_o that_o people_n they_o pay_v tribute_n to_o the_o king_n of_o thrace_n and_o but_o once_o to_o every_o king_n and_o then_o by_o the_o king_n declaration_n each_o family_n give_v he_o a_o ox_n in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o tribute_n and_o the_o number_n of_o family_n in_o valachia_n be_v say_v to_o be_v above_o sixty_o thousand_o those_o which_o be_v command_v to_o go_v to_o the_o war_n and_o refuse_v to_o go_v be_v punish_v with_o death_n valachia_n upon_o the_o west_n border_v upon_o transiluania_n and_o run_v eastward_o into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n upon_o the_o north-east_n and_o north_n it_o join_v to_o russia_n and_o upon_o the_o south_n it_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o river_n of_o ister_n about_o which_o whatsoever_o those_o wander_a people_n be_v that_o therein_o inhabit_v the_o air_n be_v very_o intemperate_a and_o cold_a and_o their_o winter_n in_o a_o manner_n continual_a the_o soil_n in_o valachia_n be_v heretofore_o very_o barren_a yield_v they_o but_o slender_a sustainance_n and_o their_o chief_a defence_n against_o rain_n and_o ill_a wether_n be_v either_o reed_n or_o leaf_n they_o will_v go_v over_o great_a pool_n and_o water_n upon_o the_o ice_n and_o their_o victual_n be_v such_o wild_a beast_n as_o they_o can_v catch_v mansion_n house_n or_o set_v place_n of_o abode_n they_o have_v none_o but_o rest_v where_o ever_o they_o be_v weary_a their_o diet_n be_v very_o vile_a and_o base_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o horrible_a intemperatnesse_n of_o the_o air_n and_o they_o go_v always_o bareheaded_a of_o russia_n or_o ruthenia_n and_o of_o the_o latter_a manner_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o russian_n cap._n 6._o russia_n which_o be_v also_o call_v by_o two_o other_o russia_n name_n ruthenia_n and_o podolia_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n viz_o russia_n alba_n russia_n superior_a and_o russia_n inferior_a that_o part_n which_o extend_v in_o lengthwise_o towards_o sarmatia_n or_o poland_n be_v bound_v north_n with_o the_o river_n peucis_n towards_o the_o east_n lie_v the_o river_n moscus_n and_o westward_o be_v livonia_n and_o prussia_n the_o further_a part_n of_o germany_n the_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o the_o ruthenian_o or_o roxallanians_n for_o by_o that_o name_n they_o be_v also_o call_v at_o this_o day_n be_v the_o space_n of_o eight_o day_n journey_n over_o from_o the_o river_n tanais_n to_o the_o north_n ocean_n and_o from_o the_o german_a ocean_n which_o they_o call_v the_o balthean_a sea_n to_o the_o caspian_a sea_n be_v the_o space_n of_o above_o ninty_a day_n journey_n the_o country_n be_v so_o fertile_a and_o fruitful_a as_o though_o the_o soil_n be_v but_o rude_o and_o unhusbandlike_a till_v and_o corn_n throw_v upon_o it_o will_v yield_v increase_v three_o year_n together_o harvest_n and_o that_o without_o plough_v the_o two_o latter_a year_n for_o the_o corn_n which_o shede_v at_o reap_v will_v be_v seed_n sufficient_a to_o yield_v a_o other_o harvest_n and_o the_o second_o a_o three_o likewise_o and_o the_o grain_n which_o it_o produce_v grow_v up_o a_o full_a perch_n in_o height_n there_o be_v such_o great_a store_n of_o bee_n in_o russia_n that_o bee_n for_o want_v of_o hive_n and_o hollow_a tree_n they_o build_v in_o rock_n and_o hole_n of_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o the_o best_a meth_n and_o wax_n which_o be_v carried_z thence_o into_o diverse_a other_o country_n in_o great_a abundance_n the_o russian_n store_v not_o their_o pond_n and_o pool_n with_o fish_n because_o as_o they_o say_v fish_n do_v their_o natural_o breed_v and_o multiply_v by_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o heaven_n in_o a_o certain_a lake_n there_o call_v katzibe_n when_o the_o wether_n be_v dry_a be_v salt_n get_v for_o which_o there_o be_v much_o war_n betwixt_o the_o russian_n and_o the_o tartarian_n and_o it_o be_v very_o strange_a which_o be_v report_v that_o in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o chelmenses_n if_o the_o arm_n and_o branch_n of_o pine_n tree_n be_v cut_v off_o from_o stone_n the_o tree_n and_o lie_v upon_o the_o ground_n for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o or_o three_o year_n they_o will_v be_v harden_v and_o turn_v into_o stone_n there_o be_v also_o good_a plenty_n of_o chalk_n and_o towards_o the_o river_n tanais_n and_o maeotis_n pool_n grow_v great_a store_n of_o sweet_a cane_n or_o reed_n call_v callamus_fw-la aromaticus_fw-la or_o callamus_n reuponticus_n and_o many_o other_o herb_n and_o root_n which_o be_v not_o find_v in_o other_o place_n there_o chief_a city_n and_o king_n seat_n be_v call_v moscovia_n it_o be_v seitutate_v upon_o the_o river_n moscus_n and_o be_v fourteen_o mile_n in_o circuit_n coin_n or_o stamp_a silver_n they_o have_v none_o in_o that_o city_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o market_n place_n stand_v a_o foure-square_a stone_n upon_o the_o top_n whereof_o he_o that_o can_v climb_v up_o and_o ascend_v and_o in_o performance_n thereof_o be_v not_o violent_o thrust_v down_o by_o other_o obtain_v the_o principality_n and_o government_n of_o all_o the_o city_n whereupon_o oftentimes_o arise_v great_a contention_n and_o debate_n among_o the_o people_n each_o one_o endeavour_v to_o supplant_v his_o corrival_n that_o himself_o may_v ascend_v the_o country_n be_v so_o populous_a and_o strong_a that_o not_o long_o since_o in_o a_o certain_a warlike_a assembly_n in_o the_o king_n camp_n be_v number_v and_o reckon_v a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o horseman_n every_o one_o whereof_o be_v able_a to_o lead_v a_o army_n in_o their_o war_n they_o use_v bow_n which_o weapon_n by_o long_a usage_n be_v most_o familiar_a and_o proper_a to_o that_o nation_n and_o lance_n of_o twelve_o foot_n long_o their_o horseman_n which_o serve_v in_o complete_a armour_n wear_v iron_n brest-plate_n upon_o their_o brigandine_n or_o coat_n of_o mail_n with_o the_o belly_n or_o middle_n stand_v out_o in_o steed_n of_o helmet_n they_o have_v hat_n make_v sharp_a upon_o the_o crown_n and_o this_o kind_n of_o horseman_n be_v more_o serviceable_a and_o in_o great_a request_n in_o the_o war_n than_o footman_n some_o footman_n fight_v with_o a_o certain_a weapon_n call_v scorpio_n because_o it_o be_v like_o a_o scorpion_n wherewith_o they_o shoot_v small_a arrow_n or_o quarrel_n it_o be_v the_o same_o which_o the_o italian_n call_v balista_n and_o with_o we_o a_o crossbow_n stocke-bow_n or_o tiller_n some_o other_o do_v use_v for_o to_o shoot_v leaden_a bullet_n out_o of_o brazen_a piece_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o almain_n the_o russian_n can_v endure_v for_o to_o have_v their_o governor_n call_v king_n but_o duke_n as_o be_v a_o name_n more_o popular_a popular_a and_o he_o that_o be_v duke_n have_v the_o dominion_n and_o government_n over_o the_o whole_a nation_n betwixt_o who_o and_o the_o noble_n there_o be_v no_o difference_n in_o their_o apparel_n save_v that_o the_o duke_n wear_v a_o cap_n somewhat_o high_a than_o the_o rest_n their_o garment_n be_v of_o all_o colour_n save_v black_a and_o both_o man_n and_o woman_n be_v apparel_v in_o fine_a linen_n cassock_n or_o shirt_n hang_v down_o to_o their_o knee_n this_o garment_n they_o trim_a and_o garnish_v round_o about_o the_o neck_n with_o gold_n and_o red_a silk_n it_o be_v wide_a and_o loose_a and_o but_o little_a different_a from_o those_o which_o the_o grecian_n wear_v the_o like_a also_o be_v wear_v by_o the_o turk_n and_o all_o the_o northern_a people_n but_o that_o the_o ruthens_n garment_n have_v wide_a sheeve_n and_o be_v hem_v or_o guard_v with_o gold_n about_o the_o breast_n and_o shoulder_n &_o edge_v or_o welt_a round_n about_o the_o skirt_n with_o otter_n skin_n none_o but_o only_o the_o wife_n lament_v and_o bewail_v the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n 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he_o be_v confirm_v they_o be_v all_o christian_n save_v the_o kosannenses_n which_o worship_n mahomet_n like_o the_o sarrasin_n there_o dwell_v some_o scythian_n also_o towards_o the_o north_n which_o speak_v their_o own_o language_n and_o worship_v idol_n and_o one_o idol_n above_o the_o rest_n which_o they_o call_v zlota_fw-la baba_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o image_n of_o a_o old_a woman_n make_v of_o gold_n this_o idol_n they_o do_v so_o high_o reverence_v and_o adore_v as_o every_o one_o that_o pass_v by_o it_o fall_v down_o and_o worship_v it_o offer_v thereunto_o a_o hair_n from_o their_o garment_n if_o they_o have_v nothing_o else_o to_o offer_v and_o although_o the_o slavonian_a tongue_n be_v general_o speak_v throughout_o the_o whole_a nation_n yet_o be_v there_o so_o great_a difference_n in_o their_o speech_n it_o be_v so_o mix_v confound_v and_o corrupt_v with_o other_o language_n as_o they_o can_v hardly_o understand_v one_o another_o in_o the_o time_n of_o 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simple_a and_o they_o covet_v for_o nothing_o but_o to_o suffice_v nature_n they_o eat_v flesh_n sometime_o boylde_v and_o sometime_o broil_v and_o dress_v their_o meat_n themselves_o reject_v the_o art_n of_o cookery_n and_o all_o season_n of_o their_o meat_n with_o salt_n or_o spice_n as_o frivolous_a and_o unnecessary_a they_o worship_v the_o firmament_n the_o sun_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n they_o catch_v diverse_a sort_n of_o fish_n and_o bird_n and_o they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o olyve_n tree_n and_o vine_n which_o natural_o hold_v their_o increase_n so_o as_o they_o have_v olive_n and_o grape_n in_o abundance_n without_o travel_n or_o cost_v these_o land_n also_o produce_v serpent_n that_o be_v great_a one_o but_o nothing_o hurtful_a the_o flesh_n whereof_o be_v marvellous_a sweet_a and_o delicious_a their_o garment_n be_v of_o a_o sine_fw-la white_a cotton_n or_o downe_n which_o grow_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o reed_n which_o be_v die_v with_o the_o 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