a_o examination_n of_o the_o reflection_n on_o the_o theory_n of_o the_o earth_n together_o with_o a_o defence_n of_o the_o remark_n on_o mr._n whiston_n new_a theory_n by_o j._n keill_n a._n m._n of_o ball._n coll._n oxon._n oxford_z print_v at_o the_o theater_n for_o henry_n clemens_n bookseller_n 1699._o imprimatur_fw-la will._n paynter_n vicecan_a oxon_n june_n 30._o 1699._o a_o examination_n of_o the_o reflection_n on_o the_o theory_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o defence_n of_o the_o theory_n which_o have_v be_v late_o publish_v in_o answer_n to_o my_o examination_n of_o it_o be_v style_v reflection_n on_o the_o theory_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o if_o its_o author_n have_v observe_v the_o title_n and_o make_v more_o reflection_n on_o the_o theory_n though_o few_o on_o the_o examiner_n he_o have_v act_v more_o like_o a_o true_a philosopher_n and_o perhaps_o may_v have_v save_v himself_o the_o labour_n of_o publish_v any_o thing_n more_o than_o a_o ingenuous_a acknowledgement_n of_o its_o error_n and_o i_o the_o trouble_n of_o a_o reply_n but_o since_o the_o reflecter_n have_v be_v please_v to_o follow_v another_o course_n i_o must_v take_v his_o work_n and_o consider_v it_o in_o the_o method_n it_o lie_v he_o first_o set_v down_o three_o proposition_n which_o he_o call_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o whole_a work_n viz._n that_o the_o primitive_a or_o antediluvian_n earth_n be_v of_o a_o different_a form_n from_o the_o present_a 2_o that_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o it_o rise_v from_o a_o chaos_n be_v smooth_a regular_a and_o uniform_a without_o mountain_n and_o rock_n and_o without_o a_o open_a sea_n 3_o that_o the_o disruption_n of_o the_o abyss_n or_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o primeval_fw-fr earth_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o universal_a deluge_n to_o these_o he_o add_v a_o corollary_n draw_v from_o the_o primary_n proposition_n concern_v the_o position_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o he_o say_v that_o the_o posture_n of_o the_o antediluvian_n earth_n or_o its_o axis_n be_v not_o oblique_a to_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o of_o the_o ecliptic_a as_o it_o be_v now_o but_o lay_v parallel_n to_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o perpendicular_a to_o the_o plane_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a these_o he_o make_v the_o only_a fundamental_a proposition_n of_o the_o theory_n though_o the_o theorist_n in_o his_o nine_o chapter_n book_n 2d._o make_v one_o more_o concern_v the_o oval_a figure_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o who_o will_v attack_v it_o to_o the_o purpose_n must_v throw_v down_o in_o the_o first_o place_n these_o lead_a proposition_n and_o that_o if_o the_o examiner_n have_v take_v this_o method_n and_o confute_v the_o proof_n that_o be_v bring_v in_o confirmation_n of_o each_o of_o they_o he_o need_v have_v do_v no_o more_o but_o if_o instead_o of_o this_o a_o loose_a stone_n be_v only_o pick_v out_o here_o and_o there_o or_o a_o pinnacle_n strike_v off_o it_o will_v not_o weaken_v the_o foundation_n i_o can_v imagine_v how_o this_o author_n can_v assert_v that_o i_o have_v not_o follow_v this_o method_n in_o refute_v the_o theory_n for_o if_o these_o he_o have_v mention_v be_v the_o substantial_a and_o vital_a part_n i_o have_v examine_v every_o one_o of_o they_o as_o will_v plain_o appear_v to_o any_o one_o who_o will_v read_v the_o examination_n so_o that_o what_o he_o have_v say_v of_o i_o in_o another_o case_n may_v be_v very_o well_o apply_v to_o himself_o that_o either_o he_o never_o read_v over_o or_o do_v not_o remember_v or_o which_o be_v still_o worse_o do_v wilful_o misrepresent_v what_o i_o have_v write_v on_o this_o subject_n the_o design_n of_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o examination_n be_v not_o as_o this_o defender_n imagine_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o deluge_n may_v have_v be_v make_v by_o a_o miracle_n but_o to_o answer_v the_o general_a argument_n which_o the_o theorist_n with_o a_o boldness_n little_o become_v a_o divine_a bring_v for_o the_o truth_n of_o his_o theory_n viz._n i._n viz._n english_a theory_n ch._n 7._o book_n i._n that_o it_o can_v be_v make_v no_o other_o way_n and_o therefore_o his_o method_n be_v the_o only_a way_n possible_a be_v the_o real_a one_o to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o i_o think_v it_o possible_a the_o deluge_n may_v come_v by_o a_o miracle_n and_o that_o god_n almighty_n be_v the_o immediate_a cause_n thereof_o the_o scripture_n have_v give_v we_o such_o a_o account_n of_o it_o in_o these_o emphatical_a term_n gen._n 6.17_o behold_v say_v god_n i_o even_o i_o do_v bring_v a_o flood_n of_o water_n upon_o the_o earth_n but_o the_o defender_n be_v displease_v because_o i_o do_v not_o tell_v he_o wherein_o this_o miracle_n consist_v the_o truth_n be_v i_o never_o think_v it_o my_o business_n to_o explain_v miracle_n and_o i_o wish_v no_o theorist_n or_o philosopher_n have_v set_v up_o for_o it_o i_o shall_v be_v well_o content_v to_o find_v in_o their_o writing_n a_o mechanical_a and_o easy_a account_n of_o the_o common_a and_o ordinary_a phoenomena_fw-la of_o nature_n but_o it_o seem_v this_o author_n will_v not_o be_v satisfy_v unless_o i_o tell_v he_o how_o the_o increase_n of_o water_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n be_v make_v on_o the_o earth_n i_o answer_v that_o according_a to_o the_o scripture_n some_o of_o the_o water_n be_v raise_v from_o the_o great_a deep_a and_o sustain_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o omnipotence_n a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o descend_v by_o forty_o day_n continual_a rain_n the_o water_n which_o occasion_v this_o rain_n be_v either_o new_o create_v or_o rise_v from_o other_o matter_n turn_v into_o that_o element_n or_o bring_v from_o some_o other_o place_n best_o know_v to_o the_o divine_a omniscience_n which_o of_o all_o these_o three_o method_n be_v use_v i_o will_v not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o determine_v but_o i_o think_v it_o may_v have_v be_v do_v by_o any_o of_o they_o notwithstanding_o the_o reason_n allege_v in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o chapter_n of_o the_o theory_n which_o this_o author_n think_v i_o oblige_v to_o answer_v it_o seem_v he_o think_v they_o very_o strong_a and_o convince_a though_o when_o i_o write_v the_o examination_n i_o think_v they_o so_o weak_a and_o precarious_a that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v worth_a while_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o they_o i._n they_o english_a theory_n ch._n 3._o book_n i._n the_o argument_n against_o a_o creation_n of_o water_n be_v found_v on_o a_o notorious_o false_a notion_n of_o the_o cartesian_a philosophy_n viz._n that_o matter_n and_o space_n be_v the_o same_o according_a to_o which_o principle_n it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o understand_v how_o either_o creation_n or_o annihilation_n can_v be_v possible_a nor_o do_v i_o think_v the_o argument_n against_o transmutation_n of_o air_n or_o other_o body_n into_o water_n of_o great_a force_n than_o the_o former_a for_o if_o all_o body_n be_v only_o different_a in_o their_o modification_n motion_n and_o figure_n i_o can_v see_v no_o reason_n why_o any_o body_n may_v not_o be_v change_v and_o put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o another_o and_o therefore_o if_o according_a to_o the_o theorist_n principle_n there_o be_v no_o vacuity_n in_o nature_n not_o only_o the_o air_n may_v be_v change_v into_o water_n but_o also_o all_o the_o subtle_a matter_n which_o fill_v its_o pore_n and_o according_a to_o this_o principle_n of_o a_o plenum_fw-la that_o subtle_a matter_n will_v make_v as_o much_o water_n as_o if_o the_o same_o bulk_n of_o absolute_o solid_a matter_n be_v transform_v the_o defender_n allege_v that_o if_o i_o proceed_v upon_o such_o water_n as_o be_v already_o in_o be_v and_o make_v they_o either_o supercelestial_a or_o subterranneous_a i_o must_v tell_v he_o what_o these_o water_n be_v and_o must_v answer_v such_o objection_n as_o be_v bring_v against_o either_o sort_n in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o chapter_n of_o the_o theory_n if_o he_o mean_v that_o i_o shall_v tell_v he_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o water_n and_o of_o what_o sort_n it_o be_v i_o answer_v that_o it_o may_v be_v common_a water_n for_o that_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o drown_v the_o world_n but_o if_o he_o design_n that_o i_o shall_v tell_v he_o from_o what_o place_n it_o be_v bring_v and_o how_o it_o come_v there_o i_o must_v own_o i_o know_v not_o for_o to_o answer_v the_o question_n which_o he_o make_v in_o another_o place_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v all_o over_o the_o universe_n to_o make_v observation_n nor_o have_v i_o have_v any_o revelation_n make_v i_o it_o be_v enough_o both_o for_o he_o and_o i_o to_o suppose_v this_o water_n like_o common_a water_n and_o that_o it_o be_v bring_v upon_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o power_n of_o god_n the_o argument_n which_o the_o
scheme_n by_o which_o they_o think_v they_o can_v defend_v their_o own_o principle_n after_o this_o the_o defender_n pass_v to_o consider_v what_o be_v say_v in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o the_o examination_n about_o mountain_n he_o own_v it_o to_o be_v a_o subject_n that_o deserve_v consideration_n and_o he_o say_v that_o if_o the_o examiner_n can_v prove_v that_o there_o be_v mountain_n in_o the_o primitive_a earth_n he_o will_v undertake_v that_o the_o theorist_n shall_v make_v no_o further_o defence_n of_o his_o theory_n the_o theorist_n great_a argument_n why_o the_o face_n of_o the_o primitive_a earth_n be_v smooth_a and_o without_o mountain_n depend_v on_o the_o supposition_n that_o the_o chaos_n from_o whence_o it_o take_v its_o original_n be_v perfect_o a_o fluid_a mass_n this_o i_o affirm_v to_o be_v a_o precarious_a hypothesis_n without_o any_o foundation_n in_o nature_n since_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o body_n we_o have_v in_o the_o earth_n be_v hard_a and_o solid_a and_o there_o not_o be_v a_o quantity_n of_o water_n in_o nature_n sufficient_a enough_o to_o moisten_v and_o liquify_v they_o the_o chaos_n can_v not_o be_v so_o fluid_a as_o it_o be_v necessary_a â—t_a shall_v be_v to_o form_v itself_o into_o a_o uniform_a smooth_a body_n beside_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o such_o as_o stone_n and_o metal_n be_v uncapable_a of_o be_v liquify_v by_o water_n the_o defender_n reply_n to_o this_o be_v very_o good_a what_o be_v this_o to_o the_o theory_n do_v the_o theorist_n any_o where_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v stone_n or_o metal_n in_o the_o chaos_n or_o that_o they_o be_v liquify_v by_o water_n the_o theorist_n own_v no_o such_o doctrine_n or_o supposition_n i_o hope_v the_o defender_n will_v not_o think_v this_o any_o answer_n to_o the_o objection_n i_o be_o sure_a none_o of_o his_o reader_n can_v i_o think_v that_o it_o concern_v the_o theorist_n very_o much_o to_o prove_v his_o chaos_n to_o be_v a_o fluid_a mass_n of_o matter_n for_o otherwise_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v have_v its_o surface_n smooth_a regular_a and_o uniform_a at_o least_o it_o be_v fit_v that_o the_o objection_n against_o its_o fluidity_n shall_v be_v answer_v for_o if_o the_o examiner_n can_v prove_v that_o the_o chaos_n be_v not_o altogether_o so_o fluid_a as_o the_o theorist_n imagine_v and_o from_o thence_o show_v that_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n that_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n shall_v be_v smooth_a and_o without_o mountain_n than_o the_o theorist_n argument_n must_v be_v of_o little_a force_n and_o that_o objection_n will_v still_o very_o much_o weaken_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o theory_n i_o free_o own_o indeed_o that_o the_o world_n be_v produce_v from_o a_o chaos_n such_o a_o one_o namely_o as_o be_v record_v to_o we_o in_o scripture_n but_o i_o be_o far_o from_o grant_v that_o the_o theorist_n notion_n be_v any_o way_n agreeable_a to_o it_o he_o suppose_v that_o all_o the_o element_n air_n water_n and_o earth_n with_o all_o the_o principle_n of_o terrestrial_a body_n be_v reduce_v into_o one_o fluid_a mass_n and_o mingle_v with_o one_o another_o so_o that_o the_o part_n of_o any_o one_o sort_n can_v not_o be_v discern_v as_o distinct_a from_o the_o rest_n this_o i_o suppose_v be_v a_o new_a sort_n of_o chaos_n which_o never_o exist_v any_o where_o but_o in_o fancy_n it_o be_v easy_a for_o i_o here_o to_o assume_v the_o defender_n method_n and_o argue_v against_o it_o by_o put_v he_o question_n how_o when_o and_o where_o be_v this_o mix_n and_o blending_a together_o of_o all_o the_o material_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n by_o who_o upon_o what_o design_n and_o for_o what_o purpose_n be_v this_o do_v be_v it_o to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o may_v all_o settle_v themselves_o again_o in_o order_n and_o each_o take_v its_o place_n according_a to_o its_o specific_a gravity_n but_o if_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o before_o what_o necessity_n be_v there_o for_o disturb_v they_o only_o that_o they_o may_v range_v themselves_o orderly_o again_o he_o will_v do_v well_o also_o to_o tell_v we_o from_o whence_o he_o have_v this_o account_n of_o the_o chaos_n from_o sacred_a or_o profane_a writer_n if_o from_o the_o latter_a we_o be_v to_o value_v their_o authority_n no_o further_o than_o they_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o scripture_n since_o it_o will_v be_v no_o hard_a task_n to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v from_o the_o sacred_a history_n that_o the_o heathen_a writer_n first_o draw_v their_o knowledge_n of_o the_o chaos_n which_o they_o afterward_o corrupt_v with_o their_o own_o fancy_n in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n i_o can_v find_v no_o account_n of_o the_o mix_n and_o reduce_v of_o all_o the_o material_n of_o the_o world_n into_o one_o fluid_a mass_n moses_n indeed_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v tohu_n and_o bohu_n which_o we_o render_v without_o form_n and_o void_a and_o can_v we_o from_o thence_o conclude_v that_o all_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v fluid_a and_o mix_v together_o we_o may_v allow_v that_o the_o jew_n understand_v the_o sense_n of_o these_o word_n better_a than_o we_o or_o any_o heathen_a writer_n and_o they_o give_v they_o a_o contrary_a meaning_n for_o according_a to_o the_o syriack_n translation_n those_o word_n signify_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v without_o either_o habitation_n or_o cultivation_n terra_fw-la erat_fw-la deserta_fw-la &_o inculta_fw-la in_o the_o chaldaic_a paraphrase_n they_o signify_v deserta_fw-la &_o vacua_fw-la the_o targum_fw-la of_o jonahan_n b._n vziel_n suppose_v their_o meaning_n to_o be_v this_o terra_fw-la autem_fw-la erat_fw-la stupor_n &_o inanitas_fw-la vasta_fw-la à _fw-la filiis_fw-la hominum_fw-la &_o vacua_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la jumento_fw-la with_o which_o the_o jerusalem_n targum_fw-la do_v well_o agree_v according_a to_o which_o paraphrase_n they_o signify_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v stupor_n &_o inanitas_fw-la &_o desolatio_fw-la à _fw-la filiis_fw-la hominum_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la bestia_fw-la vacua_fw-la as_o that_o paraphrase_n be_v render_v in_o latin_n we_o may_v conclude_v from_o thence_o therefore_o that_o the_o jew_n think_v that_o all_o that_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o word_n tohu_n and_o bohu_n be_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v void_a and_o uncultivated_a without_o out_o ornament_n and_o inhabitant_n man_n or_o beast_n or_o any_o sort_n of_o ammal_n nor_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_a father_n any_o wise_a different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o jew_n as_o to_o this_o matter_n tertullian_n in_o his_o book_n against_o hermogenes_n say_v vnde_fw-la compertus_fw-la es_fw-la hermogenes_n uniformem_fw-la &_o inconditam_fw-la illam_fw-la fuisse_fw-la 〈◊〉_d ateriam_fw-la quoe_fw-la ut_fw-la invisibilis_fw-la latebat_fw-la and_o in_o the_o 30_o chapter_n he_o plain_o prove_v from_o scripture_n that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o confuse_a heap_n of_o matter_n mix_v and_o blend_v together_o out_o of_o which_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v st._n ambrose_n in_o the_o 8_o chapter_n of_o his_o hexameron_n say_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v incomposit_a a_o utpote_fw-la solertis_fw-la agricolae_fw-la inarata_fw-la culturis_fw-la quia_fw-la adhuc_fw-la deerat_fw-la cultor_fw-la and_o again_o terra_fw-la crat_fw-mi incomposita_fw-la quia_fw-la nuda_fw-la gignentium_fw-la nec_fw-la thoris_fw-la herbosa_fw-la riparum_fw-la nec_fw-la opaca_fw-la nemoribus_fw-la nec_fw-la laeta_fw-la segetibus_fw-la nec_fw-la umbrosa_fw-la superciliis_fw-la montium_fw-la nec_fw-la odora_fw-la floribus_fw-la nec_fw-la grata_fw-la vinetis_fw-la st._n basil_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o true_a beauty_n and_o composition_n of_o the_o earth_n arise_v from_o its_o great_a fertility_n beginning_n fertility_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o his_o 2d_o homily_n in_o hexam_n near_o the_o beginning_n whereby_o it_o be_v productive_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o vegetable_n such_o as_o plant_n of_o all_o kind_n lofty_a and_o tall_a tree_n as_o well_o those_o that_o bear_v fruit_n as_o those_o that_o afford_v we_o none_o fragrant_a and_o sweet_a flower_n differ_v both_o in_o colour_n and_o smell_v and_o the_o earth_n say_v he_o be_v naked_a and_o unfurnished_a with_o any_o of_o those_o sort_n of_o ornament_n may_v well_o be_v say_v by_o the_o scripture_n to_o be_v void_a and_o without_o form_n in_o those_o discourse_n of_o the_o ancient_a jew_n and_o primitive_a father_n there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n of_o a_o perfect_o fluid_a mass_n of_o matter_n out_o of_o which_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v there_o be_v nothing_o there_o of_o the_o mix_n and_o blending_a together_o of_o the_o element_n and_o all_o the_o material_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n in_o their_o write_n we_o can_v see_v that_o such_o a_o chaos_n as_o the_o theorist_n fancy_n be_v ever_o either_o deliver_v or_o suppose_v we_o find_v that_o their_o notion_n about_o the_o origination_n of_o the_o world_n be_v very_o different_a from_o the_o theorist_n who_o hypothesis_n be_v not_o therefore_o
they_o shall_v be_v receive_v as_o true_a history_n all_o their_o aim_n be_v that_o we_o shall_v attend_v to_o the_o moral_a for_o the_o sake_n of_o which_o the_o parable_n be_v contrive_v this_o be_v plain_a from_o the_o parable_n of_o jotham_n of_o the_o tree_n choose_v themselves_o a_o king_n and_o from_o all_o the_o parable_n of_o our_o saviour_n but_o the_o history_n of_o the_o creation_n be_v a_o very_a different_a case_n from_o any_o of_o they_o moses_n do_v not_o give_v it_o we_o as_o a_o fable_n only_o contrive_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o some_o moral_a meaning_n which_o he_o will_v have_v thereby_o understand_v but_o deliver_v it_o serious_o as_o matter_n of_o fact_n which_o he_o will_v have_v we_o believe_v as_o firm_o and_o true_o as_o any_o other_o part_n of_o his_o history_n and_o this_o a_o man_n of_o integrity_n can_v never_o have_v give_v himself_o leave_v to_o do_v have_v he_o not_o be_v satisfy_v that_o the_o history_n be_v exact_o true_a but_o if_o the_o theorist_n hypothesis_n about_o the_o moysaicall_a history_n of_o the_o creation_n be_v true_a it_o seem_v that_o moses_n must_v have_v be_v guilty_a of_o imposture_n in_o a_o very_a high_a degree_n for_o he_o suppose_v that_o history_n to_o have_v be_v absolute_o false_a and_o without_o any_o foundation_n in_o the_o reality_n of_o thing_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n free_o own_v that_o moses_n write_v it_o with_o a_o design_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v receive_v as_o true_a not_o by_o one_o man_n only_o but_o by_o a_o great_a and_o populous_a nation_n and_o that_o not_o for_o one_o generation_n but_o through_o all_o succeed_a age_n this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v strange_a doctrine_n and_o no_o way_n agreeable_a to_o the_o high_a esteem_n we_o owe_v either_o to_o that_o great_a prophet_n or_o to_o the_o veracity_n of_o that_o unerring_a spirit_n that_o assist_v he_o in_o writing_n but_o it_o be_v the_o theorist_n opinion_n 321._o pag._n 320_o 321._o that_o moses_n think_v it_o necessary_a to_o give_v the_o jew_n a_o cosmogonia_n a_o theory_n of_o the_o earth_n each_o of_o their_o neighbour_a nation_n as_o he_o guess_v have_v one_o of_o their_o own_o which_o be_v general_o erroneous_a and_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o true_a religion_n and_o if_o so_o some_o of_o they_o may_v have_v have_v his_o theory_n for_o aught_o we_o know_v now_o he_o think_v that_o without_o doubt_v the_o jew_n have_v take_v one_o from_o they_o or_o have_v make_v one_o for_o themselves_o unless_o they_o have_v be_v otherwise_o provide_v by_o moses_n he_o illustrate_v this_o with_o a_o very_a decent_a similitude_n plebe_fw-la si_fw-mi nuptam_fw-la non_fw-la dederis_fw-la siliam_fw-la ipsa_fw-la sibi_fw-la maritum_fw-la queret_fw-la e_fw-la famulis_fw-la forsan_fw-la aut_fw-la humili_fw-la plebe_fw-la if_o you_o do_v not_o get_v a_o husband_n for_o your_o daughter_n she_o will_v find_v one_o for_o herself_o your_o footman_n perhaps_o or_o some_o one_o as_o mean_v well_o but_o since_o the_o jew_n be_v to_o have_v a_o cosmogonia_n why_o shall_v they_o not_o have_v be_v teach_v the_o true_a one_o o_o say_v the_o theorist_n that_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n sit_v for_o they_o be_v a_o ignorant_a indocible_a people_n and_o can_v never_o have_v be_v teach_v true_a and_o solid_a philosophy_n such_o as_o his_o own_o theory_n be_v for_o let_v we_o feign_v say_v he_o at_o least_o and_o it_o be_v but_o feign_v at_o best_a that_o our_o theory_n be_v true_a let_v we_o suppose_v the_o primitive_a earth_n to_o have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o same_o form_n and_o manner_n as_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o theory_n have_v not_o moses_n spend_v his_o time_n well_o in_o teach_v such_o philosopher_n can_v we_o suppose_v that_o those_o brick-maker_n those_o who_o still_o smell_v strong_a of_o the_o oinion_n and_o garlick_n of_o egypt_n those_o who_o can_v not_o distinguish_v a_o molten_n calf_n from_o god_n almighty_a can_v we_o say_v he_o suppose_v that_o ever_o they_o can_v have_v learn_v the_o true_a principle_n of_o thing_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o motion_n to_o have_v deliver_v those_o thing_n to_o they_o will_v have_v be_v to_o cast_v pearl_n before_o swine_n the_o theorist_n may_v have_v as_o great_a thought_n of_o his_o theory_n as_o he_o please_v but_o it_o be_v my_o humble_a opinion_n that_o there_o be_v very_o little_a skill_n require_v either_o in_o the_o law_n of_o motion_n or_o natural_a philosophy_n to_o understand_v it_o as_o well_o as_o he_o himself_o do_v there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o a_o long_a proof_n for_o this_o since_o we_o be_v sure_o there_o be_v some_o that_o have_v not_o only_o read_v it_o but_o even_o stand_v up_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o it_o that_o seem_v to_o understand_v as_o little_a of_o real_a philosophy_n and_o less_o of_o mechanic_n than_o the_o most_o ignorant_a of_o his_o brick-maker_n let_v we_o now_o assume_v the_o same_o liberty_n with_o the_o theorist_n 319._o pag._n 319._o that_o he_o have_v do_v with_o moses_n and_o let_v we_o suppose_v that_o the_o theorist_n shall_v get_v a_o congregation_n of_o jew_n who_o i_o believe_v be_v still_o as_o dull_a as_o ever_o they_o be_v and_o shall_v begin_v to_o harangue_n they_o thus_o be_v it_o know_v unto_o you_o man_n brethren_n and_o father_n that_o this_o earth_n which_o we_o now_o press_v with_o our_o foot_n and_o find_v so_o firm_a and_o solid_a under_o we_o be_v once_o a_o fluid_a chaos_n that_o be_v that_o i_o may_v adapt_v my_o discourse_n to_o your_o low_a capacity_n a_o medley_n or_o a_o confuse_a mass_n of_o earth_n water_n and_o air_n mix_v and_o blend_v together_o how_o it_o come_v to_o be_v so_o or_o how_o long_o it_o continue_v in_o that_o state_n i_o know_v as_o little_a as_o you_o do_v only_o i_o be_o sure_a that_o it_o be_v once_o so_o and_o i_o will_v have_v you_o take_v my_o word_n for_o it_o at_o last_o this_o disorderly_a mass_n come_v to_o settle_v and_o all_o body_n take_v their_o place_n according_a to_o their_o weight_n the_o great_a heavy_a body_n fall_v low_a and_o compose_v the_o innermost_a solid_a next_o to_o they_o the_o water_n take_v its_o place_n and_o over_o it_o the_o oil_n spread_v itself_o above_o all_o there_o be_v a_o huge_a thick_a orb_n of_o air_n full_a of_o mud_n and_o earthy_a particle_n those_o by_o degree_n fall_v down_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o oil_n and_o at_o first_o make_v a_o thick_a slime_n which_o through_o time_n begin_v to_o harden_v and_o compose_v a_o firm_a and_o solid_a crust_n over_o the_o face_n of_o the_o water_n that_o be_v able_a to_o sustain_v the_o weight_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o descend_a particle_n what_o deep_a reach_n of_o thought_n be_v require_v for_o the_o understanding_n of_o this_o how_o many_o and_o what_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o motion_n that_o the_o jew_n must_v know_v before_o they_o can_v comprehend_v it_o in_o my_o mind_n the_o less_o they_o know_v of_o those_o thing_n the_o fit_a they_o will_v be_v to_o understand_v the_o theory_n at_o least_o i_o be_o sure_a they_o will_v be_v more_o easy_o persuade_v to_o believe_v it_o we_o see_v now_o that_o this_o way_n of_o reason_v as_o the_o theorist_n have_v apply_v it_o be_v of_o no_o force_n against_o the_o mosaic_a history_n for_o his_o refine_a theory_n if_o it_o have_v be_v true_a may_v have_v be_v as_o easy_o comprehend_v by_o the_o jew_n as_o the_o plain_a and_o simple_a cosmogonia_n of_o moses_n the_o theorist_n perhaps_o may_v think_v that_o i_o have_v here_o and_o elsewhere_o treat_v his_o theory_n with_o too_o much_o contempt_n and_o disdain_n but_o let_v he_o consider_v how_o mean_o he_o himself_o have_v speak_v of_o some_o of_o moses_n writing_n with_o how_o much_o scorn_n and_o derision_n he_o have_v reject_v his_o history_n of_o the_o creation_n let_v he_o think_v how_o plain_o and_o open_o he_o have_v ridicule_v the_o state_n of_o innocence_n and_o the_o fall_v of_o man_n let_v he_o compare_v what_o he_o have_v say_v in_o the_o seven_o 8_o and_o 9th_o chapter_n of_o his_o archeologiae_n lib._n ii_o with_o the_o hard_a expression_n in_o this_o discourse_n against_o his_o theory_n and_o i_o be_o confident_a he_o will_v find_v no_o reason_n to_o complain_v of_o uncivil_a usage_n his_o defender_n it_o be_v true_a accuse_v i_o of_o hard_a word_n and_o course_n language_n in_o say_v that_o be_v false_a that_o be_v absurd_a that_o be_v ridiculous_a whereas_o most_o of_o the_o philosopher_n have_v be_v force_v to_o use_v the_o same_o expression_n insomuch_o that_o they_o become_v philosophical_a term_n and_o till_o the_o defender_n begin_v to_o write_v so_o smooth_o man_n be_v never_o account_v rude_a and_o uncivil_a for_o use_v of_o they_o nay_o the_o theorist_n himself_o have_v be_v sometime_o please_v to_o deliver_v himself_o in_o
little_o more_o than_o three_o to_o one_o their_o difference_n in_o that_o case_n arise_v only_o from_o the_o more_o direct_a action_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o summer_n than_o in_o winter_n whereas_o in_o the_o present_a case_n our_o summer_n heat_n be_v to_o our_o winter_n heat_n in_o a_o great_a proportion_n than_o that_o of_o seven_o to_o one_o all_o the_o effect_n that_o will_v follow_v from_o this_o attraction_n be_v this_o both_o the_o fluid_a on_o the_o abyss_n and_o the_o central_n solid_a will_v be_v attract_v by_o the_o comet_n but_o the_o fluid_a on_o the_o abyss_n be_v near_a to_o it_o than_o the_o other_o will_v be_v more_o strong_o attract_v and_o because_o the_o solid_a crust_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o firmness_n and_o union_n of_o its_o part_n can_v move_v fast_o to_o the_o comet_n than_o the_o central_n solid_a do_v it_o be_v evident_a from_o thence_o that_o it_o must_v be_v press_v only_o by_o the_o difference_n of_o attraction_n or_o by_o that_o force_n by_o which_o the_o fluid_a in_o the_o abyss_n be_v draw_v more_o towards_o the_o comet_n than_o the_o central_n solid_a be_v and_o see_v the_o fluid_n have_v acquire_v no_o velocity_n or_o impetus_fw-la by_o motion_n it_o be_v clear_a from_o what_o be_v already_o prove_v and_o by_o what_o be_v more_o full_o demonstrate_v by_o borell_n in_o his_o 24.25_o and_o 26._o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr vi_fw-la percussionis_fw-la that_o the_o force_n of_o the_o fluid_a thus_o press_v will_v be_v infinite_o less_o than_o what_o it_o will_v be_v if_o it_o have_v acquire_v any_o determinate_a degree_n of_o velocity_n by_o motion_n and_o since_o mr._n whiston_n seem_v to_o acknowledge_v that_o a_o great_a impulse_n of_o the_o fluid_n will_v be_v necessary_o require_v to_o break_v and_o disjoin_v the_o crust_n the_o small_a force_n arise_v from_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o fluid_a can_v never_o be_v able_a to_o produce_v so_o great_a a_o effect_n what_o mr._n whiston_n say_v of_o a_o floor_n of_o disjoin_v plank_n lay_v across_o the_o thames_n that_o may_v as_o well_o be_v suppose_v to_o stop_v the_o tide_n or_o the_o ascent_n of_o the_o water_n as_o the_o crust_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o tide_n of_o the_o abyss_n be_v i_o think_v no_o parallel_n case_n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o attraction_n of_o the_o moon_n that_o be_v the_o immediate_a cause_n of_o the_o tide_n in_o the_o thames_n but_o it_o arise_v sole_o from_o the_o check_n and_o great_a impulse_n that_o the_o water_n receive_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o they_o be_v drive_v backward_o with_o violence_n and_o be_v make_v to_o ascend_v up_o the_o river_n and_o produce_v tide_n but_o if_o mr._n whiston_n will_v still_o assert_v that_o the_o strata_n or_o subside_v column_n be_v separate_v and_o disjoin_v like_o so_o many_o loose_a plank_n though_o it_o contradict_v what_o he_o have_v say_v in_o another_o place_n 17._o place_n vinlic_n pag._n 17._o yet_o grant_v that_o it_o be_v so_o i_o shall_v from_o thence_o evident_o demonstrate_v that_o there_o can_v no_o water_n arise_v upon_o that_o very_a account_n from_o the_o abyss_n or_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n the_o new_a theory_n suppose_v that_o the_o forty_o day_n rain_v mention_v in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o deluge_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o vast_a quantity_n of_o vapour_n that_o be_v in_o the_o comet_n tail_n which_o be_v very_o much_o rarify_v and_o expanded_a will_v immediate_o mount_v up_o again_o into_o the_o air_n after_o their_o fall_n upon_o the_o earth_n and_o descend_v again_o in_o violent_a and_o outrageous_a ra_n against_o this_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o incredible_a velocity_n with_o which_o these_o vapour_n descend_v and_o the_o great_a resistance_n they_o meet_v with_o in_o their_o descent_n through_o the_o air_n together_o with_o the_o force_n by_o which_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o ground_n must_v of_o necessity_n have_v condense_v they_o into_o water_n here_o he_o answer_v that_o though_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o vapour_n shall_v be_v condense_v into_o rain_n yet_o it_o be_v hard_a that_o i_o will_v not_o allow_v many_o of_o they_o to_o escape_v the_o same_o enough_o at_o least_o to_o make_v a_o constant_a forty_o day_n rain_n for_o it_o be_v strange_a to_o he_o that_o so_o thin_a a_o body_n as_o our_o air_n lie_v in_o so_o small_a a_o compass_n about_o the_o earth_n shall_v have_v the_o good_a luck_n to_o stop_v and_o condense_a all_o and_o every_o part_n of_o so_o immense_a and_o swift_a a_o descend_a column_n of_o vapour_n as_o strange_a and_o hard_a as_o it_o be_v yet_o i_o can_v see_v how_o its_o possible_a any_o shall_v escape_v be_v condense_v if_o there_o be_v any_o void_a canal_n in_o our_o air_n through_o which_o some_o vapour_n may_v descend_v we_o may_v then_o allow_v he_o his_o hypothesis_n but_o since_o it_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o air_n that_o its_o impossible_a there_o shall_v be_v any_o such_o empty_a space_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o of_o these_o vapour_n but_o must_v meet_v with_o air_n wherever_o it_o move_v in_o our_o atmosphere_n which_o it_o must_v therefore_o force_v out_o of_o its_o way_n and_o because_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o move_v so_o prodigious_o swift_a as_o to_o descend_v 860._o mile_n in_o a_o minute_n the_o resistance_n it_o will_v meet_v with_o from_o every_o particle_n of_o air_n must_v be_v vast_o great_a and_o must_v therefore_o necessary_o condense_a it_o but_o if_o i_o shall_v allow_v he_o that_o these_o vapour_n be_v not_o condense_v in_o their_o descent_n through_o the_o air_n yet_o to_o imagine_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v not_o condense_v when_o they_o fall_v with_o so_o prodigious_a a_o swiftness_n as_o he_o allow_v they_o upon_o the_o earth_n water_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n that_o will_v stop_v their_o motion_n be_v such_o a_o fancy_n as_o need_v no_o confutation_n if_o they_o have_v such_o a_o strange_a velocity_n as_o he_o speak_v of_o they_o must_v penetrate_v and_o destroy_v all_o humane_a and_o other_o animal_n body_n so_o that_o such_o a_o shower_n as_o this_o one_o day_n will_v have_v do_v the_o business_n of_o a_o deluge_n and_o there_o will_v have_v be_v no_o occasion_n for_o other_o thirty_o nine_o day_n rain_v but_o after_o all_o this_o mr._n whiston_n grant_v that_o the_o vapour_n may_v be_v condense_v in_o their_o fall_n but_o yet_o he_o say_v that_o their_o heat_n which_o at_o first_o rarify_v they_o and_o have_v continue_v their_o expansion_n in_o the_o comet_n tail_n will_v immediate_o after_o their_o fall_n rarify_v they_o again_o and_o raise_v they_o into_o new_a vapour_n but_o if_o so_o i_o can_v see_v how_o this_o will_v answer_v the_o account_n that_o moses_n give_v we_o of_o the_o deluge_n for_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o water_n be_v gradual_a and_o produce_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n by_o forty_o day_n rain_v and_o that_o they_o continual_o increase_v and_o prevail_v upon_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 150._o day_n whereas_o by_o this_o theory_n the_o deluge_n must_v have_v happen_v all_o of_o a_o sudden_a according_a to_o it_o the_o very_a first_o day_n all_o the_o water_n that_o come_v from_o the_o comet_n must_v have_v fall_v upon_o the_o earth_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o water_n that_o be_v raise_v from_o the_o abyss_n must_v have_v immediate_o ascend_v so_o that_o if_o this_o theory_n be_v true_a the_o deluge_n must_v be_v accomplish_v in_o one_o day_n and_o not_o in_o 150_o for_o as_o to_o the_o vapour_n which_o be_v raise_v and_o continue_v to_o fall_v for_o forty_o day_n unless_o the_o water_n be_v very_o scald_a hot_a indeed_o that_o will_v be_v very_o inconsiderable_a and_o will_v rather_o diminish_v than_o increase_v the_o quantity_n of_o water_n upon_o the_o earth_n until_o they_o again_o descend_v in_o rain_n i_o come_v now_o to_o consider_v the_o way_n mr._n whiston_n raise_v the_o fluid_a from_o the_o abyss_n he_o suppose_v that_o the_o great_a weight_n of_o the_o water_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o crust_n will_v depress_v it_o and_o make_v it_o sink_v deep_a into_o the_o abyss_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v force_n and_o squeeze_v the_o fluid_a through_o the_o fissure_n and_o crack_v of_o the_o earth_n but_o against_o this_o i_o positive_o demonstrate_v that_o no_o pressure_n of_o the_o fluid_a whatsoever_o can_v make_v the_o crust_n sink_v deep_o into_o the_o abyss_n in_o answer_n to_o this_o he_o be_v please_v to_o tell_v i_o that_o my_o demonstration_n suppose_v either_o that_o not_o the_o water_n on_o the_o earth_n but_o in_o the_o fissure_v do_v contribute_v to_o the_o raise_n of_o the_o fluid_a through_o they_o or_o that_o the_o several_a column_n have_v