Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
water_n air_n body_n element_n 5,315 5 9.9100 5 false
View all documents for the selected quad

Text snippets containing the quad

ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A44323 Micrographia, or, Some physiological descriptions of minute bodies made by magnifying glasses with observations and inquiries thereupon / by R. Hooke ... Hooke, Robert, 1635-1703. 1665 (1665) Wing H2620; ESTC R18004 297,091 291

There are 34 snippets containing the selected quad. | View original text

or_o any_o other_o creature_n seek_v and_o place_v their_o seed_n in_o convenient_a repository_n we_o may_v if_o we_o attentive_o consider_v and_o examine_v it_o find_v that_o there_o be_v circumstance_n sufficient_a upon_o the_o supposal_n of_o the_o excellent_a contrivance_n of_o their_o machine_n to_o excite_v and_o force_v they_o to_o act_v after_o such_o or_o such_o a_o manner_n those_o steam_n that_o rise_v from_o these_o several_a place_n may_v perhaps_o set_v several_a part_n of_o these_o little_a animal_n at_o work_n even_o as_o in_o the_o contrivance_n of_o kill_v a_o fox_n or_o wolf_n with_o a_o gun_n the_o move_a of_o a_o string_n be_v the_o death_n of_o the_o animal_n for_o the_o beast_n by_o move_v the_o flesh_n that_o be_v lay_v to_o entrap_v he_o pull_v the_o string_n which_o move_v the_o trig_a and_o that_o le_fw-fr we_o go_v the_o cock_n which_o on_o the_o steel_n strike_v certain_a spark_n of_o fire_n which_o kindle_v the_o powder_n in_o the_o pann_n and_o that_o present_o fly_v into_o the_o barrel_n where_o the_o powder_n catch_v fire_n ratify_v and_o drive_v out_o the_o bullet_n which_o kill_v the_o animal_n in_o all_o which_o action_n there_o be_v nothing_o of_o intention_n or_o ratiocination_n to_o be_v ascribe_v either_o to_o the_o animal_n or_o engine_n but_o all_o to_o the_o ingeniousness_n of_o the_o contriver_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o more_o immediate_a consideration_n of_o our_o gnat_n we_o have_v in_o it_o a_o instance_n not_o usual_a or_o common_a of_o a_o very_a strange_a amphibious_a creature_n that_o be_v a_o creature_n that_o inhabit_v the_o air_n do_v yet_o produce_v a_o creature_n that_o for_o some_o time_n live_v in_o the_o water_n as_o a_o fish_n though_o afterward_o which_o be_v as_o strange_a it_o become_v a_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o air_n like_o its_o sire_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o fly_n and_o this_o i_o think_v do_v prompt_v i_o to_o propose_v certain_a conjecture_n as_o query_n have_v not_o yet_o have_v sufficient_a opportunity_n and_o leisure_n to_o answer_v they_o myself_o from_o my_o own_o experiment_n or_o observation_n and_o the_o first_o be_v whether_o all_o those_o thing_n that_o we_o suppose_v to_o be_v breed_v from_o corruption_n and_o putrefaction_n may_v not_o be_v rational_o suppose_v to_o have_v their_o origination_n as_o natural_a as_o these_o gnat_n who_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a be_v first_o drop_v into_o this_o water_n in_o the_o form_n of_o eggs._n those_o seed_n or_o egg_n must_v certain_o be_v very_o small_a which_o so_o small_a a_o creature_n as_o a_o gnat_n yield_v and_o therefore_o we_o need_v not_o wonder_v that_o we_o find_v not_o the_o egg_n themselves_o some_o of_o the_o young_a of_o they_o which_o i_o have_v observe_v have_v not_o exceed_v a_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o bulk_n they_o have_v afterward_o come_v to_o and_o next_o i_o have_v observe_v some_o of_o those_o little_a one_o which_o must_v have_v be_v generate_v after_o the_o water_n be_v enclose_v in_o the_o bottle_n and_o therefore_o most_o probable_o from_o egg_n whereas_o those_o creature_n have_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v breed_v of_o the_o corruption_n of_o the_o water_n there_o be_v not_o former_o know_v any_o probable_a way_n how_o they_o shall_v be_v generate_v a_o second_o be_v whether_o these_o egg_n be_v immediate_o drop_v into_o the_o water_n by_o the_o gnat_n themselves_o or_o mediate_o be_v bring_v down_o by_o the_o fall_a rain_n for_o it_o seem_v not_o very_o improbable_a but_o that_o those_o small_a seed_n of_o gnat_n may_v be_v perhaps_o of_o so_o light_a a_o nature_n and_o have_v so_o great_a a_o proportion_n of_o surface_n to_o so_o small_a a_o bulk_n of_o body_n be_v eject_v into_o the_o air_n and_o so_o perhaps_o carry_v for_o a_o good_a while_n too_o and_o fro_o in_o it_o till_o by_o the_o drop_n of_o rain_n it_o be_v wash_v out_o of_o it_o a_o three_o be_v whether_o multitude_n of_o those_o other_o little_a creature_n that_o be_v find_v to_o inhabit_v the_o water_n for_o some_o time_n do_v not_o at_o certain_a time_n take_v wing_n and_o fly_v into_o the_o air_n other_o dive_v and_o hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o contribute_v to_o the_o increase_n both_o of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o element_n postscript_n a_o good_a while_n since_o the_o write_n of_o this_o description_n i_o be_v present_v by_o doctor_n peter_n ball_n a_o ingenious_a member_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n with_o a_o little_a paper_n of_o nut_n which_o he_o tell_v i_o be_v send_v he_o from_o a_o brother_n of_o his_o out_o of_o the_o country_n from_o mamhead_n in_o devonshire_n some_o of_o they_o be_v loose_a have_v be_v as_o i_o suppose_v break_v off_o other_o be_v still_o grow_v fast_o on_o upon_o the_o side_n of_o a_o stick_n which_o seem_v by_o the_o bark_n pliableness_n of_o it_o and_o by_o certain_a string_n that_o grow_v out_o of_o it_o to_o be_v some_o piece_n of_o the_o root_n of_o a_o tree_n they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o dry_v and_o a_o little_a shriveled_a other_o more_o round_a of_o a_o brown_a colour_n their_o shape_n be_v much_o like_o a_o fig_n but_o very_o much_o small_a some_o be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o bay-berry_n other_o and_o the_o big_a of_o a_o hazelnut_n some_o of_o these_o that_o have_v no_o hole_n in_o they_o i_o careful_o open_v with_o my_o knife_n and_o find_v in_o they_o a_o good_a large_a round_a white_a maggot_n almost_o as_o big_a as_o a_o small_a pea_n which_o seem_v shape_v like_o other_o maggot_n but_o short_a i_o can_v not_o find_v they_o to_o move_v though_o i_o guess_v they_o to_o be_v alive_a because_o upon_o prick_v they_o with_o a_o pinn_n there_o will_v issue_v out_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o white_a mucous_a matter_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v from_o a_o voluntary_a contraction_n of_o their_o skin_n their_o husk_n or_o matrix_fw-la consist_v of_o three_o coat_n like_o the_o bark_n of_o tree_n the_o outermost_a being_n more_o rough_a and_o spongy_a and_o the_o thick_a the_o middlemost_a more_o close_o hard_a white_a and_o thin_a the_o innermost_a very_o thin_a seem_v almost_o like_o the_o skin_n within_o a_o egg_n be_v shell_n the_o two_o outermost_a have_v root_n in_o the_o branch_n or_o stick_v but_o the_o innermost_a have_v no_o stem_n or_o process_n but_o be_v only_o a_o skin_n that_o cover_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o nut._n all_o the_o nut_n that_o have_v no_o hole_n eat_v in_o they_o i_o find_v to_o contain_v these_o maggot_n but_o all_o that_o have_v hole_n i_o find_v empty_a the_o maggot_n it_o seem_v have_v eat_v their_o way_n through_o take_v wing_n and_o fly_v away_o as_o this_o follow_a account_n which_o i_o receive_v in_o write_v from_o the_o same_o person_n as_o it_o be_v send_v he_o by_o his_o brother_n manifest_v in_o a_o moorish_a black_a peaty_n mould_n with_o some_o small_a vein_n of_o whitish_a yellow_a sand_n upon_o occasion_n of_o dig_v a_o hole_n two_o or_o three_o foot_n deep_a at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o pond_n or_o pool_n to_o set_v a_o tree_n in_o at_o that_o depth_n be_v find_v about_o the_o end_n of_o october_n 1663._o in_o those_o very_a vein_n of_o sand_n those_o button_n or_o nut_n stick_v to_o a_o little_a loose_a stick_n that_o be_v not_o belong_v to_o any_o live_a tree_n and_o some_o of_o they_o also_o free_a by_o themselves_o four_o or_o five_o of_o which_o be_v then_o open_v some_o be_v find_v to_o contvin_n live_v infect_v come_v to_o perfection_n most_o like_a to_o fly_a ant_n if_o not_o the_o same_o in_o other_o infect_v yet_o imperfect_a have_v but_o the_o head_n and_o wing_n form_v the_o rest_n remain_v a_o soft_a white_a pulpy_a substance_n now_o as_o this_o furnish_v we_o with_o one_o odd_a history_n more_o very_o agreeable_a to_o what_o i_o before_o hint_v so_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o be_v man_n diligent_a observer_n they_o may_v meet_v with_o multitude_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n both_o in_o the_o earth_n and_o in_o the_o water_n and_o in_o the_o air_n on_o tree_n plant_n and_o other_o vegetable_n all_o place_n and_o thing_n be_v as_o it_o be_v animarum_fw-la plena_fw-la and_o i_o have_v often_o with_o wonder_n and_o pleasure_n in_o the_o spring_n and_o summertime_n look_v close_o to_o and_o diligent_o on_o common_a garden_n mould_n and_o in_o a_o very_a small_a parcel_n of_o it_o find_v such_o multitude_n and_o diversity_n of_o little_a reptile_n some_o in_o husk_n other_o only_a creeper_n many_o wing_a and_o ready_a for_o the_o air_n divers_a husk_n or_o habitation_n leave_v behind_o empty_a now_o if_o the_o earth_n of_o our_o cold_a climate_n be_v so_o fertile_a of_o animate_v body_n what_o may_v we_o think_v of_o the_o fat_a earth_n of_o hot_a climate_n certain_o the_o sun_n may_v there_o by_o its_o
the_o stuff_n last_v hence_o it_o may_v appear_v to_o any_o one_o that_o attentive_o consider_v the_o figure_n why_o the_o part_n of_o the_o wale_z a_o a_o a_o a_o a_o a_o shall_v appear_v bright_a and_o why_o the_o part_n b_o b_o b_o b_o b_o b_o shall_v appear_v shadow_v or_o dark_a why_o some_o as_o d_o d_o d_o d_o d_o d_o shall_v appear_v partly_o light_a and_o partly_o dark_a the_o variety_n of_o which_o reflection_n and_o shadow_n be_v the_o only_a cause_n of_o the_o appearance_n of_o water_v in_o silk_n or_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o stuff_n from_o the_o variety_n of_o reflection_n may_v also_o be_v deduce_v the_o cause_n why_o a_o small_a breeze_n or_o gale_n of_o wind_n ruffle_v the_o surface_n of_o a_o smooth_a water_n make_v it_o appear_v black_a as_o also_o on_o the_o other_o side_n why_o the_o smooth_a or_o burnish_v the_o surface_n of_o whiten_v silver_n make_v it_o look_v back_o and_o multitude_n of_o other_o phaenomena_fw-la may_v hereby_o be_v solve_v which_o be_v too_o many_o to_o be_v here_o insist_v on_o obseru._n vi_o of_o small_a glass_n cane_n 4._o that_o i_o may_v be_v satisfy_v whether_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o make_v a_o artificial_a poor_a as_o small_a as_o any_o natural_a i_o have_v yet_o find_v i_o make_v several_a attempt_n with_o small_a glass_n pipe_n melt_v in_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o lamp_n and_o then_o very_o sudden_o draw_v out_o into_o a_o great_a length_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n without_o much_o difficulty_n i_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v some_o almost_o as_o small_a as_o a_o cobweb_n which_o yet_o with_o the_o microscope_n i_o can_v plain_o perceive_v to_o be_v perforate_v both_o by_o look_v on_o the_o end_n of_o it_o and_o by_o look_v on_o it_o against_o the_o light_n which_o be_v much_o the_o easy_a way_n to_o determine_v whether_o it_o be_v solid_a or_o perforate_v for_o take_v a_o small_a pipe_n of_o glass_n and_o close_v one_o end_n of_o it_o then_o fill_v it_o half_o full_a of_o water_n and_o hold_v it_o against_o the_o light_n i_o can_v by_o this_o mean_n very_o easy_o find_v what_o be_v the_o differ_a aspect_n of_o a_o solid_a and_o a_o perforated_a piece_n of_o glass_n and_o so_o easy_o distinguish_v without_o see_v either_o end_n whether_o any_o cylinder_n of_o glass_n i_o look_v on_o be_v a_o solid_a stick_n or_o a_o hollow_a cane_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n i_o can_v also_o present_o judge_v of_o any_o small_a filament_n of_o glass_n whether_o it_o be_v hollow_a or_o not_o which_o will_v have_v be_v exceed_v tedious_a to_o examine_v by_o look_v on_o the_o end_n and_o many_o such_o like_a way_n i_o be_v fain_o to_o make_v use_n of_o in_o the_o examine_n of_o divers_a other_o particular_n relate_v in_o this_o book_n which_o will_v have_v be_v no_o easy_a task_n to_o have_v determine_v mere_o by_o the_o more_o common_a way_n of_o look_v on_o or_o view_v the_o object_n for_o if_o we_o consider_v first_o the_o very_a faint_a light_n wherewith_o the_o object_n be_v enlighten_v whence_o many_o particle_n appear_v opacous_a which_o when_o more_o enlighten_v appear_v very_o transparent_a so_o that_o i_o be_v fain_o to_o determine_v its_o transparency_n by_o one_o glass_n and_o its_o texture_n by_o another_o next_o the_o unmanageableness_n of_o most_o object_n by_o reason_n schem_n four_o of_o their_o smallness_n 3._o the_o difficulty_n of_o find_v the_o desire_a point_n and_o of_o place_v it_o so_o as_o to_o reflect_v the_o light_n convenient_o for_o the_o inquiry_n last_o one_o be_v able_a to_o view_v it_o but_o with_o one_o eye_n at_o once_o they_o will_v appear_v no_o small_a obstruction_n nor_o be_v they_o easy_o remove_v without_o many_o contrivance_n but_o to_o proceed_v i_o can_v not_o find_v that_o water_n or_o some_o deep_o tinged_a liquor_n will_v in_o small_a one_o rise_v so_o high_a as_o one_o will_v expect_v and_o the_o high_a i_o have_v find_v it_o yet_o rise_v in_o any_o of_o the_o pipe_n i_o have_v try_v be_v to_o 21_o inch_n above_o the_o level_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o vessel_n for_o though_o i_o find_v that_o in_o the_o small_a pipe_n it_o will_v nimble_o enter_v at_o first_o and_o run_v about_o 6_o or_o 7_o inch_n upward_o yet_o i_o find_v it_o then_o to_o move_v upward_o so_o slow_a that_o i_o have_v not_o yet_o have_v the_o patience_n to_o observe_v it_o above_o that_o height_n of_o 21_o inch_n and_o that_o be_v in_o a_o pretty_a large_a pipe_n in_o comparison_n of_o those_o i_o former_o mention_v for_o i_o can_v observe_v the_o progress_n of_o a_o very_a deep_a tinged_a liquor_n in_o it_o with_o my_o naked_a eye_n without_o much_o trouble_n whereas_o many_o of_o the_o other_o pipe_n be_v so_o very_o small_a that_o unless_o in_o a_o convenient_a posture_n to_o the_o light_n i_o can_v not_o perceive_v they_o but_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o a_o great_a patience_n and_o assiduity_n may_v discover_v the_o liquor_n to_o rise_v at_o least_o to_o remain_v suspend_v at_o height_n that_o i_o shall_v be_v loath_a now_o even_o to_o guess_v at_o if_o at_o least_o there_o be_v any_o proportion_n keep_v between_o the_o height_n of_o the_o ascend_a liquor_n and_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o pipe_n a_o attempt_n for_o the_o explication_n of_o this_o experiment_n my_o conjecture_n 1._o that_o the_o unequal_a height_n of_o the_o surface_v of_o the_o water_n proceed_v from_o the_o great_a pressure_n make_v upon_o the_o water_n by_o the_o air_n without_o the_o pipe_n abc_n then_o by_o that_o within_o they_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o confirm_v from_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o two_o follow_a proposition_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v that_o a_o unequal_a pressure_n of_o the_o incumbent_a air_n will_v cause_v a_o unequal_a height_n in_o the_o water_n surface_n and_o the_o second_o be_v that_o in_o this_o experiment_n there_o be_v such_o a_o unequal_a pressure_n that_o the_o first_o be_v true_a the_o follow_a experiment_n will_v evince_v for_o if_o you_o take_v any_o vessel_n so_o contrive_v as_o that_o you_o can_v at_o pleasure_n either_o increase_v or_o diminish_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n upon_o this_o or_o that_o part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n the_o equality_n of_o the_o height_n of_o those_o part_n will_v present_o be_v lose_v and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o superficies_n that_o sustain_v the_o great_a pressure_n will_v be_v inferior_a to_o that_o which_o undergo_v the_o less_o a_o fit_a vessel_n for_o this_o purpose_n will_v be_v a_o invert_v glass_n syphon_n such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o six_o figure_n for_o if_o into_o it_o you_o put_v water_n enough_o to_o fill_v it_o as_o high_a as_o ab_fw-la and_o gentle_o blow_v in_o at_o d_o you_o shall_v depress_v the_o superficies_n b_o and_o thereby_o raise_v the_o opposite_a superficies_n a_o to_o a_o considerable_a height_n and_o by_o gentle_o suck_v you_o may_v produce_v clean_o contrary_a effect_n next_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o unequal_a pressure_n i_o shall_v prove_v from_o this_o that_o there_o be_v a_o much_o great_a incongruity_n of_o air_n to_o glass_n and_o some_o other_o body_n than_o there_o be_v of_o water_n to_o the_o same_o by_o congruity_n i_o mean_v a_o property_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n whereby_o any_o part_n of_o it_o be_v ready_o unite_v with_o any_o other_o part_n either_o of_o itself_o or_o of_o any_o other_o similar_v fluid_fw-la or_o solid_a body_n and_o by_o incongruity_n a_o property_n of_o a_o fluid_a by_o which_o it_o be_v hinder_v from_o unite_n with_o any_o dissimilar_v fluid_fw-la or_o solid_a body_n this_o last_o property_n any_o one_o that_o have_v be_v observe_o conversant_a about_o fluid_a body_n can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o for_o not_o now_o to_o mention_v several_a chemical_a spirit_n and_o oil_n which_o will_v very_o hardly_o if_o at_o all_o be_v bring_v to_o mix_v with_o one_o another_o insomuch_o that_o there_o may_v be_v find_v some_o 8_o or_o 9_o or_o more_o several_a distinct_a liquor_n which_o swim_v one_o upon_o another_o will_v not_o present_o mix_v we_o need_v seek_v no_o further_o for_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n in_o fluid_n then_o to_o observe_v the_o drop_n of_o rain_n fall_v through_o the_o air_n and_o the_o bubble_n of_o air_n which_o be_v by_o any_o mean_v convey_v under_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n or_o a_o drop_n of_o common_a salad_n oil_n swim_v upon_o water_n in_o all_o which_o and_o many_o more_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n that_o may_v be_v enumerate_v the_o incongruity_n of_o two_o fluid_n be_v easy_o discernible_a and_o as_o for_o the_o congruity_n or_o incongruity_n of_o liquids_n with_o several_a kind_n of_o firm_a body_n they_o have_v long_o since_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o and_o
call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o dryness_n and_o moisture_n though_o these_o two_o name_n be_v not_o comprehensive_a enough_o be_v common_o use_v to_o signify_v only_o the_o adhere_n or_o not_o adhere_v of_o water_n to_o some_o other_o solid_a body_n of_o this_o kind_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o water_n will_v more_o ready_o wet_v some_o wood_n than_o other_o and_o that_o water_n let_v fall_n upon_o a_o feather_n the_o white_a side_n of_o a_o colwort_n and_o some_o other_o leaf_n or_o upon_o almost_o any_o dusty_a unctuous_a or_o resinous_a superficies_n will_v not_o at_o all_o adhere_v to_o they_o but_o easy_o tumble_v off_o from_o they_o like_o a_o solid_a bowl_n whereas_o if_o drop_v upon_o linen_n paper_n day_n green_a wood_n etc._n etc._n it_o will_v not_o be_v take_v off_o without_o leave_v some_o part_n of_o it_o behind_o adhere_v to_o they_o so_o quicksilver_n which_o will_v very_o hardly_o be_v bring_v to_o stick_v to_o any_o vegetable_a body_n will_v ready_o adhere_v to_o and_o mingle_v with_o several_a clean_a metalline_a body_n and_o that_o we_o may_v the_o better_o find_v what_o the_o cause_n of_o congruity_n and_o incongruity_n in_o body_n be_v it_o will_v be_v requisite_a to_o consider_v first_o what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o fluidness_n and_o this_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o certain_a pulse_n or_o shake_v of_o heat_n for_o heat_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o very_a brisk_a and_o vehement_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o make_v probabable_a the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n be_v thereby_o make_v so_o loose_a from_o one_o another_o that_o they_o easy_o move_v any_o way_n and_o become_v fluid_a that_o i_o may_v explain_v this_o a_o little_a by_o a_o gross_a similitude_n let_v we_o suppose_v a_o dish_n of_o sand_n set_v upon_o some_o body_n that_o be_v very_o much_o agitate_a and_o shake_v with_o some_o quick_a and_o strong_a vibrate_v motion_n as_o on_o a_o millstone_n turn_v round_o upon_o the_o under_o stone_n very_o violent_o whilst_o it_o be_v empty_a or_o on_o a_o very_a stiff_a drum-head_n which_o be_v vehement_o or_o very_o nimble_o beat_v with_o the_o drumstick_n by_o this_o mean_n the_o sand_n in_o the_o dish_n which_o before_o lay_v like_o a_o dull_a and_o unactive_a body_n become_v a_o perfect_a fluid_fw-la and_o you_o can_v no_o soon_o make_v a_o hole_n in_o it_o with_o your_o finger_n but_o it_o be_v immediate_o fill_v up_o again_o and_o the_o upper_a surface_n of_o it_o level_v nor_o can_v you_o bury_v a_o light_a body_n as_o a_o piece_n of_o cork_n under_o it_o but_o it_o present_o emerge_n or_o swim_v as_o it_o be_v on_o the_o top_n nor_o can_v you_o lay_v a_o heavy_a on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o lead_n but_o it_o be_v immediate_o bury_v in_o sand_n and_o as_o it_o be_v sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n nor_o can_v you_o make_v a_o hole_n in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o dish_n but_o the_o sand_n shall_v run_v out_o of_o it_o to_o a_o level_n not_o a_o obvious_a property_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n as_o such_o but_o this_o do_v imitate_v and_o all_o this_o mere_o cause_v by_o the_o vehement_a agitation_n of_o the_o contain_v vessel_n for_o by_o this_o mean_n each_o sand_n become_v to_o have_v a_o vibrative_n or_o dance_a motion_n so_o as_o no_o other_o heavy_a body_n can_v rest_v on_o it_o unless_o sustain_v by_o some_o other_o on_o either_o side_n nor_o will_v it_o suffer_v any_o body_n to_o be_v beneath_o it_o unless_o it_o be_v a_o heavy_a than_o itself_o another_o instance_n of_o the_o strange_a loosen_a nature_n of_o a_o violent_a jar_a motion_n or_o a_o strong_a and_o nimble_a vibrative_a one_o we_o may_v have_v from_o a_o piece_n of_o iron_n grate_v on_o very_o strong_o with_o a_o file_n for_o if_o into_o that_o a_o pin_n be_v screw_v so_o firm_a and_o hard_o that_o though_o it_o have_v a_o convenient_a head_n to_o it_o yet_o it_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v unscrew_v by_o the_o finger_n if_o i_o say_v you_o attempt_v to_o unscrew_v this_o whilst_o grate_v on_o by_o the_o file_n it_o will_v be_v find_v to_o undo_v and_o turn_v very_o easy_o the_o first_o of_o these_o example_n manifest_v how_o a_o body_n actual_o divide_v into_o small_a part_n become_v a_o fluid_a and_o the_o latter_a manifest_a by_o what_o mean_v the_o agitation_n of_o heat_n so_o easy_o loosen_v and_o untie_v the_o part_n of_o solid_a and_o firm_a body_n nor_o need_v we_o suppose_v heat_n to_o be_v any_o thing_n else_o beside_o such_o a_o motion_n for_o suppose_v we_o can_v mechanical_o produce_v such_o a_o one_o quick_a and_o strong_a enough_o we_o need_v not_o spend_v fuel_n to_o melt_v a_o body_n now_o that_o i_o do_v not_o speak_v this_o altogether_o groundless_a i_o must_v refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o observation_n i_o have_v make_v upon_o the_o shine_a spark_n of_o steel_n for_o there_o he_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o same_o effect_n be_v produce_v upon_o small_a chip_n or_o parcel_n of_o steel_n by_o the_o flame_n and_o by_o a_o quick_a and_o violent_a motion_n and_o if_o the_o body_n of_o steel_n may_v be_v thus_o melt_v as_o i_o there_o show_v it_o may_v i_o think_v we_o have_v little_a reason_n to_o doubt_v that_o almost_o any_o other_o may_v not_o also_o every_o smith_n can_v inform_v one_o how_o quick_o both_o his_o file_n and_o the_o iron_n grow_v hot_a with_o file_v and_o if_o you_o rub_v almost_o any_o two_o hard_a body_n together_o they_o will_v do_v the_o same_o and_o we_o know_v that_o a_o sufficient_a degree_n of_o heat_n cause_v fluidity_n in_o some_o body_n much_o soon_o and_o in_o other_o late_a that_o be_v the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o some_o be_v so_o loose_a from_o one_o another_o and_o so_o unapt_a to_o cohere_v and_o so_o minute_n and_o little_a that_o a_o very_a small_a degree_n of_o agitation_n keep_v they_o always_o in_o the_o state_n of_o fluidity_n of_o this_o kind_n i_o suppose_v the_o aether_n that_o be_v the_o medium_n or_o fluid_a body_n in_o which_o all_o other_o body_n do_v as_o it_o be_v swim_v and_o move_v and_o particular_o the_o air_n which_o seem_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o kind_n of_o tincture_n or_o solution_n of_o terrestrial_a and_o aqueous_a particle_n dissolve_v into_o it_o and_o agitate_a by_o it_o just_a as_o the_o tincture_n of_o cocheneel_n be_v nothing_o but_o some_o fine_a dissoluble_a part_n of_o that_o concrete_a lick_v up_o or_o dissolve_v by_o the_o fluid_a water_n and_o from_o this_o notion_n of_o it_o we_o may_v easy_o give_v a_o more_o intelligible_a reason_n how_o the_o air_n become_v so_o capable_a of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n for_o as_o in_o tincture_n one_o grain_n of_o some_o strong_o ting_a substance_n may_v sensible_o colour_v some_o hundred_o thousand_o grain_n of_o appropriate_v liquor_n so_o as_o every_o drop_n of_o it_o have_v its_o proportionate_a share_n and_o be_v sensible_o tinge_v as_o i_o have_v try_v both_o with_o logwood_n and_o cocheneel_v and_o as_o some_o few_o grain_n of_o salt_n be_v able_a to_o infect_v as_o great_a a_o quantity_n as_o may_v be_v find_v by_o praecipitation_n though_o not_o so_o easy_o by_o the_o sight_n or_o aste_v so_o the_o air_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o tincture_n or_o saline_a substance_n dissolve_v and_o agitate_a by_o the_o fluid_a and_o agile_a aether_n may_v disperse_v and_o expand_v itself_o into_o a_o vast_a space_n if_o it_o have_v room_n enough_o and_o infect_v as_o it_o be_v every_o part_n of_o that_o space_n but_o as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o there_o be_v but_o some_o few_o grain_n of_o the_o liquor_n it_o may_v extract_v all_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o ting_a substance_n and_o may_v dissolve_v all_o the_o salt_n and_o thereby_o become_v much_o more_o impregnate_v with_o those_o substance_n so_o may_v all_o the_o air_n that_o suffice_v in_o a_o rarify_v state_n to_o fill_v some_o hundred_o thousand_o space_n of_o aether_n be_v comprise_v in_o only_a one_o but_o in_o a_o position_n proportionable_a dense_n and_o though_o we_o have_v not_o yet_o find_v out_o such_o strainer_n for_o tincture_n and_o salt_n as_o we_o have_v for_o the_o air_n be_v yet_o unable_a to_o separate_v they_o from_o their_o dissolve_v liquor_n by_o any_o kind_n of_o filter_n without_o precipitation_n as_o we_o be_v able_a to_o separate_v the_o air_n from_o the_o aether_n by_o glass_n and_o several_a other_o body_n and_o though_o we_o be_v yet_o unable_a and_o ignorant_a of_o the_o way_n of_o praecipitate_v air_n out_o of_o the_o aether_n as_o we_o can_v tincture_n and_o salt_n out_o of_o several_a dissolvent_n yet_o neither_o of_o these_o seem_a impossible_a from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n nor_o so_o improbable_a
perceive_v the_o perforation_n with_o one_o naked_a eye_n though_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o microscope_n it_o may_v easy_o enough_o be_v perceive_v nay_o i_o have_v make_v a_o pipe_n perforate_v from_o end_n to_o end_n so_o small_a that_o with_o my_o naked_a eye_n i_o can_v very_o hardly_o see_v the_o body_n of_o it_o insomuch_o that_o i_o have_v be_v able_a to_o knit_v it_o up_o into_o a_o knot_n without_o break_v and_o more_o accurate_o examine_v one_o with_o my_o microscope_n i_o find_v it_o not_o so_o big_a as_o a_o sixteen_o part_n of_o one_o of_o the_o small_a hair_n of_o my_o head_n which_o be_v of_o the_o small_a and_o fine_a sort_n of_o hair_n so_o that_o sixteen_o of_o these_o pipe_n bind_v faggot-wi●e_a together_o will_v but_o have_v equalise_v one_o single_a hair_n how_o small_a therefore_o must_v its_o perforation_n be_v it_o appear_v to_o i_o through_o the_o microscope_n to_o be_v a_o proportionable_o thick-sided_n pipe_n to_o proceed_v then_o for_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o experiment_n the_o experimenter_n must_v place_v the_o tube_n ab_fw-la perpendicular_a and_o fill_v the_o pipe_n f_o cement_v into_o the_o hole_n e_o with_o water_n but_o leave_v the_o bubble_n c_o bookful_n of_o air_n and_o then_o gentle_o pour_v in_o water_n into_o the_o pipe_n ab_fw-la he_o must_v observe_v diligent_o how_o high_a the_o water_n will_v rise_v in_o it_o before_o it_o protrude_v the_o bubble_n of_o air_n c_o through_o the_o narrow_a passage_n of_o f_o and_o denote_v exact_o the_o height_n of_o the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n then_o cement_n in_o a_o second_o pipe_n as_o g_o and_o fill_v it_o with_o water_n he_o may_v proceed_v as_o with_o the_o former_a denote_v likewise_o the_o height_n of_o the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n able_a to_o protrude_v the_o bubble_n c_o through_o the_o passage_n of_o g_o the_o like_a may_v he_o do_v with_o the_o next_o pipe_n and_o the_o next_o etc._n etc._n as_o far_o as_o he_o be_v able_a then_o compare_v the_o several_a height_n of_o the_o cylinder_n with_o the_o several_a hole_n through_o which_o each_o cylinder_n do_v force_v the_o air_n have_v due_a regard_n to_o the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n in_o the_o small_a tube_n it_o will_v be_v very_o easy_a to_o determine_v what_o force_n be_v requisite_a to_o press_v the_o air_n into_o such_o and_o such_o a_o hole_n or_o to_o apply_v it_o to_o our_o present_a experiment_n how_o much_o of_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v take_v off_o by_o its_o ingress_n into_o small_a and_o small_a hole_n from_o the_o application_n of_o which_o to_o the_o enter_v of_o the_o air_n into_o the_o big_a hole_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o into_o the_o small_a hole_n of_o the_o pipe_n we_o shall_v clear_o find_v that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a pressure_n of_o the_o air_n upon_o the_o water_n in_o the_o vessel_n or_o great_a pipe_n than_o there_o be_v upon_o that_o in_o the_o lesser_a pipe_n for_o since_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n every_o way_n be_v find_v to_o be_v equal_a that_o be_v as_o much_o as_o be_v able_a to_o press_v up_o and_o sustain_v a_o cylinder_n of_o quicksilver_n of_o two_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a high_a or_o thereabouts_o and_o since_o of_o this_o pressure_n so_o many_o more_o degree_n be_v require_v to_o force_v the_o air_n into_o a_o small_a than_o into_o a_o great_a hole_n that_o be_v full_a of_o a_o more_o congruous_a fluid_n and_o last_o since_o those_o degree_n that_o be_v requisite_a to_o press_v it_o in_o be_v thereby_o take_v off_o from_o the_o air_n within_o and_o the_o air_n within_o leave_v with_o so_o many_o degree_n of_o pressure_n less_o than_o the_o air_n without_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o air_n in_o the_o less_o tube_n or_o pipe_n will_v have_v less_o pressure_n against_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n therein_o than_o the_o air_n in_o the_o big_a which_o be_v the_o minor_a proposition_n to_o be_v prove_v the_o conclusion_n therefore_o will_v necessary_o follow_v viz._n that_o this_o unequal_a pressure_n of_o the_o air_n cause_v by_o its_o ingress_n into_o unequal_a hole_n be_v a_o cause_n sufficient_a to_o produce_v this_o effect_n without_o the_o help_n of_o any_o other_o concurrent_a and_o therefore_o be_v probable_o the_o principal_n if_o not_o the_o only_a cause_n of_o these_o phaenomena_n this_o therefore_o be_v thus_o explain_v there_o will_v be_v divers_a phaenomena_n explicable_a thereby_o as_o the_o rise_n of_o liquor_n in_o a_o filtre_n the_o rise_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n oil_n melt_v tallow_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o week_n of_o a_o lamp_n though_o make_v of_o small_a wire_n thread_n of_o asbestus_n string_n of_o glass_n or_o the_o like_a the_o rise_n of_o liquor_n in_o a_o sponge_n piece_n of_o bread_n sand_n etc._n etc._n perhaps_o also_o the_o ascend_a of_o the_o sap_n in_o tree_n and_o plant_n through_o their_o small_a and_o some_o of_o they_o imperceptible_a pore_n of_o which_o i_o have_v say_v more_o on_o another_o occasion_n at_o least_o the_o pass_v of_o it_o out_o of_o the_o earth_n into_o their_o root_n and_o indeed_o upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o this_o principle_n multitude_n of_o other_o use_n of_o it_o occur_v to_o i_o which_o i_o have_v not_o yet_o so_o well_o examine_v and_o digest_v as_o to_o propound_v for_o axiom_n but_o only_o as_o query_n and_o conjecture_n which_o may_v serve_v as_o hint_n towards_o some_o further_a discovery_n as_o first_o upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o congruity_n and_o incongruity_n of_o body_n as_o to_o touch_v i_o find_v also_o the_o like_a congruity_n and_o incongruity_n if_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v as_o to_o the_o transmit_v of_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n for_o as_o in_o this_o regard_n water_n not_o now_o to_o mention_v other_o liquor_n seem_v near_o of_o affinity_n to_o glass_n then_o air_n and_o air_n than_o quicksilver_n whence_o a_o oblique_a ray_n out_o of_o glass_n will_v pass_v into_o water_n with_o very_o little_a refraction_n from_o the_o perpendicular_a but_o none_o out_o of_o glass_n into_o air_n except_v a_o direct_a will_v pass_v without_o a_o very_a great_a refraction_n from_o the_o perpendicular_a nay_o any_o oblique_a ray_n under_o thirty_o degree_n will_v not_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o air_n at_o all_o and_o quicksilver_n will_v neither_o admit_v oblique_a or_o direct_a but_o reflect_v all_o seem_v as_o to_o the_o transmit_v of_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n to_o be_v of_o a_o quite_o differ_v constitution_n from_o that_o of_o air_n water_n glass_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o resemble_v most_o those_o opacous_a and_o strong_a reflect_a body_n of_o metal_n so_o also_o as_o to_o the_o property_n of_o cohesion_n or_o congruity_n water_n seem_v to_o keep_v the_o same_o order_n be_v more_o congruous_a to_o glass_n then_o air_n and_o air_n than_o quicksilver_n a_o second_o thing_n which_o be_v hint_v to_o i_o by_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o include_v fluid_n globular_a form_n cause_v by_o the_o protrusion_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la heterogeneous_a fluid_n be_v whether_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o gravity_n may_v not_o by_o this_o mean_n be_v explain_v by_o suppose_v the_o globe_n of_o earth_n water_n and_o air_n to_o be_v include_v with_o a_o fluid_a heterogeneous_a to_o all_o and_o each_o of_o they_o so_o subtle_a as_o not_o only_o to_o be_v every_o where_o intersperse_v through_o the_o air_n or_o rather_o the_o air_n through_o it_o but_o to_o pervade_v the_o body_n of_o glass_n and_o even_o the_o close_a metal_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o may_v endeavour_v to_o detrude_v all_o earthly_a body_n as_o far_o from_o it_o as_o it_o can_v and_o partly_o thereby_o and_o partly_o by_o other_o of_o its_o property_n may_v move_v they_o towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n now_o that_o there_o be_v some_o such_o fluid_a i_o can_v produce_v many_o experiment_n and_o reason_n that_o do_v seem_v to_o prove_v it_o but_o because_o it_o will_v ask_v some_o time_n and_o room_n to_o set_v they_o down_o and_o explain_v they_o and_o to_o consider_v and_o answer_v all_o the_o objection_n many_o whereof_o i_o foresee_v that_o may_v be_v allege_v against_o it_o i_o shall_v at_o present_a proceed_v to_o other_o query_n content_v myself_o to_o have_v here_o only_o give_v a_o hint_n of_o what_o i_o may_v say_v more_o elsewhere_o a_o three_o query_n than_o be_v whether_o the_o heterogeneity_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la fluid_fw-la may_v not_o be_v account_v a_o secondary_a cause_n of_o the_o roundness_n or_o globular_a form_n of_o the_o great_a body_n of_o the_o world_n such_o as_o be_v those_o of_o the_o sun_n star_n and_o planet_n the_o substance_n of_o each_o of_o which_o seem_v altogether_o heterogeneous_a to_o the_o circum-ambient_a fluid_a aether_n and_o of_o this_o i_o shall_v say_v more_o in_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o moon_n a_o four_o be_v
ebb_v and_o flow_v resemble_v the_o unstable_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o phaenomena_n of_o which_o two_o may_v be_v easy_o make_v out_o by_o suppose_v the_o cavern_n by_o which_o they_o be_v feed_v to_o arise_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o next_o sea_n a_o three_o be_v a_o well_o upon_o the_o river_n ogmore_n in_o glamorganshire_n and_o near_o unto_o newton_n of_o which_o camden_n relate_v himself_o to_o be_v certify_v by_o a_o letter_n from_o a_o learned_a friend_n of_o his_o that_o observe_v it_o fons_n abest_fw-la hinc_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o letter_n be_v a_o little_a too_o long_o to_o be_v insert_v but_o the_o substance_n be_v this_o that_o this_o well_o ebb_v and_o flow_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o sea_n in_o those_o part_n for_o it_o be_v almost_o empty_a at_o full_a sea_n but_o full_a at_o low_a water_n this_o may_v happen_v from_o the_o channel_n by_o which_o it_o be_v supply_v which_o may_v come_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o sea_n very_o remote_a from_o those_o part_n and_o where_o the_o tide_n be_v much_o differ_v from_o those_o of_o the_o approximate_a shore_n a_o four_o lie_v in_o westmoreland_n near_o the_o river_n loder_n qui_fw-la instar_fw-la euripi_fw-la saepius_fw-la in_o die_fw-la reciprocantibus_fw-la undis_fw-la fluit_fw-la &_o refluit_fw-la which_o ebb_v and_o flow_v many_o time_n a_o day_n this_o may_v proceed_v from_o its_o be_v supply_v from_o many_o channel_n come_v from_o several_a part_n of_o the_o sea_n lie_v sufficient_o distant_a asunder_o to_o have_v the_o time_n of_o high-water_n differ_v enough_o one_o from_o the_o other_o so_o as_o that_o whensoever_o it_o shall_v be_v high_a water_n over_o any_o of_o those_o place_n where_o these_o channel_n begin_v it_o shall_v likewise_o be_v so_o in_o the_o well_o but_o this_o be_v but_o a_o supposition_n a_o seven_o query_n be_v whether_o the_o dissolution_n or_o mix_v of_o several_a body_n whether_o fluid_a or_o solid_a with_o saline_a or_o other_o liquor_n may_v not_o partly_o be_v attribute_v to_o this_o principle_n of_o the_o congruity_n of_o those_o body_n and_o their_o dissolvent_n as_o of_o salt_n in_o water_n metal_n in_o several_a menstruum_n unctuous_a gum_n in_o oil_n the_o mix_n of_o wine_n and_o water_n etc._n etc._n and_o whether_o precipitation_n be_v not_o partly_o make_v from_o the_o same_o principle_n of_o incongruity_n i_o say_v partly_o because_o there_o be_v in_o some_o dissolution_n some_o other_o cause_n concurrent_a i_o shall_v last_o make_v a_o much_o more_o seem_o strange_a and_o unlikely_a query_n and_o that_o be_v whether_o this_o principle_n well_o examine_v and_o explain_v may_v not_o be_v find_v a_o co-efficient_a in_o the_o most_o considerable_a operation_n of_o nature_n as_o in_o those_o of_o heat_n and_o light_n and_o consequent_o of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n hardness_n and_o fluidness_n perspicuity_n and_o opacousness_n refraction_n and_o colour_n etc._n etc._n nay_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o there_o may_v be_v many_o thing_n do_v in_o nature_n in_o which_o this_o may_v not_o be_v say_v to_o have_v a_o finger_n this_o i_o have_v in_o some_o other_o passage_n of_o this_o treatise_n further_o inquire_v into_o and_o show_v that_o as_o well_o light_a as_o heat_n may_v be_v cause_v by_o corrosion_n which_o be_v applicable_a to_o congruity_n and_o consequent_o all_o the_o rest_n will_v be_v but_o subsequent_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o will_v not_o willing_o be_v guilty_a of_o that_o error_n which_o the_o thrice_o noble_a and_o learned_a verulam_n just_o take_v notice_n of_o as_o such_o and_o call_v philosophiae_fw-la genus_fw-la empiricum_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o paucorum_fw-la experimentorum_fw-la angustiis_fw-la &_o obscuritate_fw-la fundatum_fw-la est_fw-la for_o i_o neither_o conclude_v from_o one_o single_a experiment_n nor_o be_v the_o experiment_n i_o make_v use_n of_o all_o make_v upon_o one_o subject_a nor_o wrest_v i_o any_o experiment_n to_o make_v it_o quadrare_fw-la with_o any_o preconceived_a notion_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a 〈◊〉_d endeavour_n to_o be_v conversant_a in_o divers_a kind_n of_o experiment_n and_o all_o 〈◊〉_d every_o one_o of_o those_o trial_n i_o make_v the_o standard_n or_o touchstone_n by_o which_o i_o try_v all_o my_o former_a notion_n whether_o they_o hold_v out_o in_o weight_n and_o measure_n and_o touch_v etc._n etc._n for_o as_o that_o body_n be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o counterfeit_n gold_n which_o want_v any_o one_o of_o the_o propriety_n of_o gold_n such_o as_o be_v the_o malleableness_n weight_n colour_n fixtness_n in_o the_o fire_n indissolubleness_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o the_o like_a though_o it_o have_v all_o the_o other_o so_o will_v all_o those_o notion_n be_v find_v to_o be_v false_a and_o deceitful_a that_o will_v not_o undergo_v all_o the_o trial_n and_o test_n make_v of_o they_o by_o experiment_n and_o therefore_o such_o as_o will_v not_o come_v up_o to_o the_o desire_a apex_n of_o perfection_n i_o rather_o whole_o reject_v and_o take_v new_a then_o by_o piece_v and_o patch_v endeavour_v to_o retain_v the_o old_a as_o know_v such_o thing_n at_o best_a to_o be_v but_o lame_a and_o imperfect_a and_o this_o course_n i_o learn_v from_o nature_n who_o we_o find_v neglectful_a of_o the_o old_a body_n and_o suffer_v it_o decay_v and_o infirmity_n to_o remain_v without_o repair_n and_o altogether_o solicitous_a and_o careful_a of_o perpetuate_a the_o species_n by_o new_a individual_n and_o it_o be_v certain_o the_o most_o likely_a way_n to_o erect_v a_o glorious_a structure_n and_o temple_n to_o nature_n such_o as_o she_o will_v be_v find_v by_o any_o zealous_a votary_n to_o refide_v in_o to_o begin_v to_o build_v a_o new_a upon_o a_o sure_a foundation_n of_o experiment_n but_o to_o digress_v no_o further_o from_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o phaenomena_n more_o immediate_o explicable_a by_o this_o experiment_n we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o show_v that_o as_o to_o the_o rise_n of_o water_n in_o a_o filtre_n the_o reason_n of_o it_o will_v be_v manifest_a to_o he_o that_o do_v take_v notice_n that_o a_o filtre_n be_v constitute_v of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o small_a long_a solid_a body_n which_o lie_v so_o close_o together_o that_o the_o air_n in_o its_o get_n in_o between_o they_o do_v lose_v of_o its_o pressure_n that_o it_o have_v against_o the_o fluid_a without_o they_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o water_n or_o liquor_n not_o find_v so_o strong_a a_o resistance_n between_o they_o as_o be_v able_a to_o counterbalance_n the_o pressure_n on_o its_o superficies_n without_o be_v raise_v upward_o till_o it_o meet_v with_o a_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n which_o be_v able_a to_o hinder_v it_o and_o as_o to_o the_o rise_n of_o oil_n melt_v tallow_n spirit_n of_o wine_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o week_n of_o a_o candle_n or_o lamp_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o differ_v in_o nothing_o from_o the_o former_a save_v only_o in_o this_o that_o in_o a_o filtre_n the_o liquor_n descend_v and_o run_v away_o by_o another_o part_n and_o in_o the_o week_n the_o liquor_n be_v disperse_v and_o carry_v away_o by_o the_o flame_n something_o there_o be_v ascribable_a to_o the_o heat_n for_o that_o it_o may_v ratify_v the_o more_o volatile_a and_o spirituous_a part_n of_o those_o combustible_a liquor_n and_o so_o be_v make_v light_a than_o the_o air_n it_o may_v be_v protrude_v upward_o by_o that_o more_o ponderous_a fluid_a body_n in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n but_o this_o can_v be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o ascension_n of_o but_o a_o very_a little_a and_o most_o likely_a of_o that_o only_a which_o ascend_v without_o the_o week_n as_o for_o the_o rise_n of_o it_o in_o a_o sponge_n bread_n cotton_n etc._n etc._n above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o subjacent_a liquor_n what_o have_v be_v say_v about_o the_o filtre_n if_o consider_v will_v easy_o suggest_v a_o reason_n consider_v that_o all_o these_o body_n abound_v with_o small_a hole_n or_o pore_n from_o this_o same_o principle_n also_o viz._n the_o unequal_a pressure_n of_o the_o air_n against_o the_o unequal_a superficies_n of_o the_o water_n proceed_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o accession_n or_o incursion_n of_o any_o float_a body_n against_o the_o side_n of_o the_o contain_v vessel_n or_o the_o appropinquation_n of_o two_o float_a body_n as_o bubble_n cork_n stick_n straw_n etc._n etc._n one_o towards_o another_o as_o for_o instance_n take_v a_o glass-jar_n such_o as_o ab_fw-la in_o the_o seven_o figure_n and_o fill_v it_o pretty_a near_o the_o top_n with_o water_n throw_v into_o it_o a_o small_a round_a piece_n of_o cork_n as_o c_o and_o plunge_v it_o all_o over_o in_o water_n that_o it_o be_v wet_a so_o as_o that_o the_o water_n may_v rise_v up_o by_o the_o side_n of_o it_o then_o place_v it_o any_o where_o upon_o the_o superficies_n about_o a_o inch_n or_o one_o inch_n and_o a_o
quarter_n from_o any_o side_n and_o you_o shall_v perceive_v it_o by_o degree_n to_o make_v perpendicular_o towards_o the_o near_a part_n of_o the_o side_n and_o the_o near_a it_o approach_v the_o fast_a to_o be_v move_v the_o reason_n of_o which_o phaenomenon_n will_v be_v find_v no_o other_o than_o this_o that_o the_o air_n have_v a_o great_a pressure_n against_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o superficies_n than_o it_o have_v against_o those_o part_n that_o approach_v near_o and_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o side_n now_o that_o the_o pressure_n be_v great_a may_v as_o i_o show_v before_o in_o the_o explication_n of_o the_o three_o figure_n be_v evince_v from_o the_o flat_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o middle_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o under_o fluid_a for_o since_o as_o i_o show_v before_o if_o there_o be_v no_o gravity_n in_o the_o under_o fluid_a or_o that_o it_o be_v equal_a to_o that_o of_o the_o upper_a the_o terminate_a surface_n will_v be_v spherical_a and_o since_o it_o be_v the_o additional_a pressure_n of_o the_o gravity_n of_o water_n that_o make_v it_o so_o flat_a it_o follow_v that_o the_o pressure_n upon_o the_o middle_n must_v be_v great_a than_o towards_o the_o side_n hence_o the_o ball_n have_v a_o strong_a pressure_n against_o that_o side_n of_o it_o which_o respect_v the_o middle_a of_o the_o superficies_n then_o against_o that_o which_o respect_v the_o approximate_a side_n must_v necessary_o move_v towards_o that_o part_n from_o whence_o it_o find_v least_o resistance_n and_o so_o be_v accelerate_a as_o the_o resistance_n decrease_v hence_o the_o more_o the_o water_n be_v raise_v under_o that_o part_n of_o its_o way_n it_o be_v pass_v above_o the_o middle_n the_o fast_a it_o be_v move_v and_o therefore_o you_o will_v find_v it_o to_o move_v fast_o in_o e_o then_o in_o d_o and_o in_o d_o then_o in_o c._n neither_o can_v i_o find_v the_o float_a substance_n to_o be_v move_v at_o all_o until_o it_o be_v place_v upon_o some_o part_n of_o the_o superficies_n that_o be_v sensible_o elevate_v above_o the_o height_n of_o the_o middle_a part_n now_o that_o this_o may_v be_v the_o true_a cause_n you_o may_v try_v with_o a_o blow_a bladder_n and_o a_o exact_o round_a ball_n upon_o a_o very_a smooth_a side_n of_o some_o pliable_a body_n as_o horn_n or_o quicksilver_n for_o if_o the_o ball_n be_v place_v under_o a_o part_n of_o the_o bladder_n which_o be_v upon_o one_o side_n of_o the_o middle_n of_o its_o pressure_n and_o you_o press_v strong_o against_o the_o bladder_n you_o shall_v find_v the_o ball_n move_v from_o the_o middle_n towards_o the_o side_n have_v therefore_o show_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o any_o float_n towards_o the_o side_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o incursion_n of_o any_o two_o float_a body_n will_v easy_o appear_v for_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o water_n against_o the_o side_n of_o either_o of_o they_o be_v a_o argument_n sufficient_a to_o show_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n to_o be_v there_o less_o than_o it_o be_v further_o from_o it_o where_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o elevate_v and_o therefore_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o other_o towards_o it_o will_v be_v the_o same_o as_o towards_o the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n only_o here_o from_o the_o same_o reason_n they_o be_v mutual_o move_v towards_o each_o other_o whereas_o the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n in_o the_o former_a remain_v fix_v if_o also_o you_o gentle_o fill_v the_o jar_n so_o full_a with_o water_n that_o the_o water_n be_v protuberant_a above_o the_o side_n the_o same_o piece_n of_o cork_n that_o before_o do_v hasten_v towards_o the_o side_n do_v now_o fly_v from_o it_o as_o fast_o towards_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o superficies_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o will_v be_v find_v no_o other_o than_o this_o that_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v strong_a against_o the_o side_n of_o the_o superficies_n g_o and_o h_z then_o against_o the_o middle_n i_o for_o since_o as_o i_o show_v before_o the_o principle_n of_o congruity_n will_v make_v the_o terminate_a surface_n spherical_a and_o that_o the_o flat_a of_o the_o surface_n in_o the_o middle_n be_v from_o the_o abatement_n of_o the_o water_n pressure_n outward_o by_o the_o contrary_a endeavour_n of_o its_o gravity_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o pressure_n in_o the_o middle_n must_v be_v less_o then_o on_o the_o side_n and_o therefore_o the_o consecution_n will_v be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o the_o former_a it_o be_v very_o odd_a to_o one_o that_o consider_v not_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o to_o see_v two_o float_a body_n of_o wood_n to_o approach_v each_o other_o as_o though_o they_o be_v endue_v with_o some_o magnetical_a vigour_n which_o bring_v into_o my_o mind_n what_o i_o former_o try_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o cork_n or_o such_o like_a body_n which_o i_o so_o order_v that_o by_o put_v a_o little_a stick_n into_o the_o same_o water_n one_o part_n of_o the_o say_a cork_n will_v approach_v and_o make_v towards_o the_o stick_n whereas_o another_o will_v discede_fw-la and_o fly_v away_o nay_o it_o will_v have_v a_o kind_n of_o verticity_n so_o as_o that_o if_o the_o aequator_fw-la as_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v of_o the_o cork_n be_v place_v towards_o the_o stick_n if_o let_v alone_o it_o will_v instant_o turn_v its_o appropriate_a pole_n towards_o it_o and_o then_o run_v a-tilt_o at_o it_o and_o this_o be_v do_v only_o by_o take_v a_o dry_a cork_n and_o wet_v one_o side_n of_o it_o with_o one_o small_a stroke_n for_o by_o this_o mean_n gentle_o put_v it_o upon_o the_o water_n it_o will_v depress_v the_o superficies_n on_o every_o side_n of_o it_o that_o be_v dry_a and_o therefore_o the_o great_a pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v near_o those_o side_n cause_v it_o either_o to_o chase_v away_o or_o else_o to_o fly_v off_o from_o any_o other_o float_a body_n whereas_o that_o side_n only_o against_o which_o the_o water_n ascend_v be_v thereby_o able_a to_o attract_v it_o remain_v only_o that_o i_o shall_v determine_v how_o high_a the_o water_n or_o other_o liquor_n may_v by_o this_o mean_n be_v raise_v in_o a_o small_a pipe_n above_o the_o superficies_n of_o that_o without_o it_o and_o at_o what_o height_n it_o may_v be_v sustain_v but_o to_o determine_v this_o will_v be_v exceed_o difficult_a unless_o i_o can_v certain_o know_v how_o much_o of_o the_o air_n pressure_n be_v take_v off_o by_o the_o smallness_n of_o such_o and_o such_o a_o pipe_n and_o whether_o it_o may_v be_v whole_o take_v off_o that_o be_v whether_o there_o can_v be_v a_o hole_n or_o poor_a so_o small_a into_o which_o air_n can_v not_o at_o all_o enter_v though_o water_n may_v with_o its_o whole_a force_n for_o be_v there_o such_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o water_n may_v rise_v in_o it_o to_o some_o five_o or_o six_o and_o thirty_o english_a foot_n high_a i_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o capillary_a pipe_n in_o the_o body_n of_o small_a tree_n which_o we_o call_v their_o microscopical_a pore_n may_v not_o be_v such_o and_o whether_o the_o congruity_n of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o poor_a may_v not_o yet_o draw_v the_o juice_n even_o high_a than_o the_o air_n be_v able_a by_o its_o bare_a pressure_n to_o raise_v it_o for_o congruity_n be_v a_o principle_n that_o not_o only_o unite_v and_o hold_v a_o body_n join_v to_o it_o but_z which_o be_v more_o attract_v and_o draw_v a_o body_n that_o be_v very_o near_o it_o and_o hold_v it_o above_o its_o usual_a height_n and_o this_o be_v obvious_a even_o in_o a_o drop_n of_o water_n suspend_v under_o any_o similar_v or_o congruous_a body_n for_o beside_o the_o ambient_fw-la pressure_n that_o help_v to_o keep_v it_o sustain_v there_o be_v the_o congruity_n of_o the_o body_n that_o be_v contiguous_a this_o be_v yet_o more_o evident_a in_o tenacious_a and_o glutinous_a body_n such_o as_o gummous_a liquor_n syrup_n pitch_n and_o rosin_n melt_v etc._n etc._n tar_n turpentine_n balsam_n birdlime_n etc._n etc._n for_o there_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o tenacious_a body_n as_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o do_v stick_n and_o adhere_v so_o close_o together_o that_o though_o draw_v out_o into_o long_a and_o very_a slender_a cylinder_n yet_o they_o will_v not_o easy_o relinquish_v one_o another_o and_o this_o though_o the_o body_n be_v aliquatenus_fw-la fluid_fw-la and_o in_o motion_n by_o one_o another_o which_o to_o such_o as_o consider_v a_o fluid_a body_n only_o as_o its_o part_n be_v in_o a_o confuse_a irregular_a motion_n without_o take_v in_o also_o the_o congruity_n of_o the_o part_v one_o among_o another_o and_o incongruity_n to_o some_o other_o body_n do_v appear_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a so_o that_o beside_o the_o incongruity_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la
this_o order_n it_o always_o keep_v whatsoever_o be_v the_o middle_a colour_n there_o be_v further_o observable_a in_o several_a other_o part_n of_o this_o body_n many_o line_n or_o thread_n each_o of_o they_o of_o some_o one_o peculiar_a colour_n and_o those_o so_o exceed_o bright_a and_o vivid_n that_o it_o afford_v a_o very_a pleasant_a object_n through_o the_o microscope_n some_o of_o these_o thread_n i_o have_v observe_v also_o to_o be_v piece_v or_o make_v up_o of_o several_a short_a length_n of_o different_o colour_a end_n as_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o as_o a_o line_n appear_v about_o two_o inch_n long_o through_o the_o microscope_n have_v be_v compound_v of_o about_o half_a a_o inch_n of_o a_o peach_n colour_n ⅛_n of_o a_o lovely_a grass-green_n ¾_n of_o a_o inch_n more_o of_o a_o bright_a scarlet_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o line_n of_o a_o watchet_a blue_a other_o of_o they_o be_v much_o otherwise_o colour_v the_o variety_n be_v almost_o infinite_a another_o thing_n which_o be_v very_o observable_a be_v that_o if_o you_o find_v any_o place_n where_o the_o colour_n be_v very_o broad_a and_o conspicuous_a to_o the_o naked_a eye_n you_o may_v by_o press_v that_o place_n with_o your_o finger_n make_v the_o colour_n change_v place_n and_o go_v from_o one_o part_n to_o another_o there_o be_v one_o phaenomenon_n more_o which_o may_v if_o care_n be_v use_v exhibit_v to_o the_o beholder_n as_o it_o have_v divers_a time_n to_o i_o a_o exceed_a pleasant_a and_o not_o less_o instructive_a spectacle_n and_o that_o be_v if_o curiosity_n and_o diligence_n be_v use_v you_o may_v so_o split_v this_o admirable_a substance_n that_o you_o may_v have_v pretty_a large_a plate_n in_o comparison_n of_o those_o small_a one_o which_o you_o may_v observe_v in_o the_o ring_n that_o be_v perhaps_o a_o ⅛_n or_o a_o ⅙_n part_n of_o a_o inch_n over_o each_o of_o they_o appear_v through_o the_o microscope_n most_o curious_o entire_o and_o uniform_o adorn_v with_o some_o one_o vivid_n colour_n this_o if_o examine_v with_o the_o microscope_n may_v be_v plain_o perceive_v to_o be_v in_o all_o part_n of_o it_o equal_o thick_a two_o three_o or_o more_o of_o these_o lie_v one_o upon_o another_o exhibit_v oftentimes_o curious_a compound_v colour_n which_o produce_v such_o a_o compositum_fw-la as_o one_o will_v scarce_o imagine_v shall_v be_v the_o result_n of_o such_o ingredient_n as_o perhaps_o a_o faint_a yellow_a and_o a_o blue_a may_v produce_v a_o very_a deep_a purple_a but_o when_o anon_o we_o come_v to_o the_o more_o strict_a examination_n of_o these_o phaenomena_n and_o to_o inquire_v into_o the_o cause_n and_o reason_n of_o these_o production_n we_o shall_v i_o hope_v make_v it_o more_o conceivable_a how_o they_o be_v produce_v and_o show_v they_o to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o natural_a and_o necessary_a effect_n arise_v from_o the_o peculiar_a union_n of_o concurrent_a cause_n these_o phaenomena_n be_v so_o various_a and_o so_o true_o admirable_a it_o will_v certain_o be_v very_o well_o worth_a our_o inquiry_n to_o examine_v the_o cause_n and_o reason_n of_o they_o and_o to_o consider_v whether_o from_o these_o cause_n demonstrative_o evidence_v may_v not_o be_v deduce_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o production_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o colour_n and_o i_o the_o rather_o now_o do_v it_o instead_o of_o a_o appendix_n or_o digression_n to_o this_o history_n then_o upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o examine_v the_o colour_n in_o peacock_n or_o other_o feather_n because_o this_o subject_a as_o it_o do_v afford_v more_o variety_n of_o particular_a colour_n so_o do_v it_o afford_v much_o better_a way_n of_o examine_v each_o circumstance_n and_o this_o will_v be_v make_v manifest_a to_o he_o that_o consider_v first_o that_o this_o laminated_a body_n be_v more_o simple_a and_o regular_a than_o the_o part_n of_o peacock_n feather_n this_o consist_v only_o of_o a_o indefinite_a number_n of_o plain_a and_o smooth_a plate_n heap_v up_o or_o incumbent_n on_o each_o other_o next_o that_o the_o part_n of_o this_o body_n be_v much_o more_o manageable_a to_o be_v divide_v or_o join_v than_o the_o part_n of_o a_o peacock_n feather_n or_o any_o other_o substance_n that_o i_o know_v and_o three_o because_o that_o in_o this_o we_o be_v able_a from_o a_o colourless_a body_n to_o produce_v several_a colour_a body_n afford_v all_o the_o variety_n of_o colour_n imaginable_a and_o several_a other_o which_o the_o subsequent_a inquiry_n will_v make_v manifest_a to_o begin_v therefore_o it_o be_v manifest_a from_o several_a circumstance_n that_o the_o material_a cause_n of_o the_o apparition_n of_o these_o several_a colour_n be_v some_o lamina_fw-la or_o plate_n of_o a_o transparent_a or_o pellucid_a body_n of_o a_o thickness_n very_o determinate_a and_o proportion_a according_a to_o the_o great_a or_o less_o refractive_a power_n of_o the_o pellucid_a body_n and_o that_o this_o be_v so_o abundance_n of_o instance_n and_o particular_a circumstance_n will_v make_v manifest_a as_o first_o if_o you_o take_v any_o small_a piece_n of_o the_o muscovy-glass_n and_o with_o a_o needle_n or_o some_o other_o convenient_a instrument_n cleave_v it_o oftentimes_o into_o thin_a and_o thin_a laminae_fw-la you_o shall_v find_v that_o till_o you_o come_v to_o a_o determinate_a thinness_n of_o they_o they_o shall_v all_o appear_v transparent_a and_o colourless_a but_o if_o you_o continue_v to_o split_v and_o divide_v they_o further_o you_o shall_v find_v at_o last_o that_o each_o plate_n after_o it_o come_v to_o such_o a_o determinate_a thickness_n shall_v appear_v most_o lovely_a tinged_a or_o imbue_v with_o a_o determinate_a colour_n if_o further_o by_o any_o mean_n you_o so_o flaw_v a_o pretty_a thick_a piece_n that_o one_o part_n do_v begin_v to_o cleave_v a_o little_a from_o the_o other_o and_o between_o those_o two_o there_o be_v by_o any_o mean_v get_v some_o pellucid_a medium_n those_o laminated_a pellucid_a body_n that_o fill_v that_o space_n shall_v exhibit_v several_a rainbow_n or_o colour_a line_n the_o colour_n of_o which_o will_v be_v dispose_v and_o range_v according_a to_o the_o various_a thickness_n of_o the_o several_a part_n of_o that_o plate_n that_o this_o be_v so_o be_v yet_o further_o confirm_v by_o this_o experiment_n take_v two_o small_a piece_n of_o ground_n and_o polish_a looking-glass-plate_n each_o about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o shilling_n take_v these_o two_o dry_a and_o with_o your_o fore-finger_n and_o thumb_n press_v they_o very_o hard_a and_o close_o together_o and_o you_o shall_v find_v that_o when_o they_o approach_v each_o other_o very_o near_o there_o will_v appear_v several_a iris_n or_o colour_a line_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n almost_o as_o in_o the_o muscovy-glass_n and_o you_o may_v very_o easy_o change_v any_o of_o the_o colour_n of_o any_o part_n of_o the_o interpose_a body_n by_o press_v the_o plate_n close_o and_o hard_a together_o or_o leave_v they_o more_o lax_n that_o be_v a_o part_n which_o appear_v colour_v with_o a_o red_a may_v be_v present_o tinge_v with_o a_o yellow_a blue_a green_a purple_a or_o the_o like_a by_o alter_v the_o appropinquation_n of_o the_o terminate_a plate_n now_o that_o air_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o be_v the_o interpose_a body_n but_o that_o any_o other_o transparent_a fluid_n will_v do_v much_o the_o same_o may_v be_v try_v by_o wet_v those_o approximated_a surface_n with_o water_n or_o any_o other_o transparent_a liquor_n and_o proceed_v with_o it_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o you_o do_v with_o the_o air_n and_o you_o will_v find_v much_o the_o like_a effect_n only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o those_o compress_a body_n which_o differ_v most_o in_o their_o refractive_a quality_n from_o the_o compress_a body_n exhibit_v the_o most_o strong_a and_o vivid_v tincture_n nor_o be_v it_o necessary_a that_o this_o laminated_a and_o tinged_a body_n shall_v be_v of_o a_o fluid_a substance_n any_o other_o substance_n provide_v it_o be_v thin_a enough_o and_o transparent_a do_v the_o same_o thing_n this_o the_o laminae_fw-la of_o our_o muscovy-glass_n hint_n but_o it_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o multitude_n of_o other_o instance_n and_o first_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o even_o glass_n itself_o may_v by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o lamp_n be_v blow_v thin_a enough_o to_o produce_v these_o phaenomena_n of_o colour_n which_o phaenomena_n accidental_o happen_v as_o i_o have_v be_v attempt_v to_o frame_v small_a glass_n with_o a_o lamp_n do_v not_o a_o little_a surprise_v i_o at_o first_o have_v never_o hear_v or_o see_v any_o thing_n of_o it_o before_o though_o afterward_o compare_v it_o with_o the_o phaenomena_n i_o have_v often_o observe_v in_o those_o bubble_n which_o child_n use_v to_o make_v with_o soap-water_n i_o do_v the_o less_o wonder_n especial_o when_o upon_o experiment_n i_o find_v i_o be_v able_a to_o produce_v the_o same_o phaenomena_n in_o thin_a
their_o bigness_n and_o figure_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o second_o figure_n of_o the_o six_o plate_n which_o represent_v about_o a_o dozen_o of_o they_o lie_v upon_o a_o plate_n abcd_v some_o of_o which_o as_o a_o b_o c_o d_o seem_v more_o regular_a than_o the_o rest_n and_o e_z which_o be_v a_o small_a one_o frick_v on_o the_o top_n of_o another_o be_v a_o perfect_a rhomboeid_n on_o the_o top_n and_o have_v four_o rectagular_a side_n the_o line_n e_o which_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o microscope_n be_v 1_o 3●_n part_n of_o a_o english_a inch_n so_o that_o the_o great_a breadth_n of_o any_o of_o they_o exceed_v not_o 1_o 12●_n part_n of_o a_o inch._n put_v these_o into_o several_a liquor_n i_o find_v oil_n of_o vitriul_n spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o several_a other_o satin_n menstruum_v to_o dissolve_v they_o and_o the_o first_o of_o these_o in_o less_o than_o a_o minute_n without_o ebullition_n water_n and_o several_a other_o liquor_n have_v no_o sudden_a operation_n upon_o they_o this_o i_o mention_v because_o those_o liquor_n that_o dissolve_v they_o first_o make_v they_o very_o white_a not_o vitiate_a but_o rather_o rectify_v their_o figure_n and_o thereby_o make_v they_o afford_v a_o very_a pretty_a object_n for_o the_o microscope_n how_o great_a a_o advantage_n it_o will_v be_v to_o such_o as_o be_v trouble_v with_o the_o stone_n to_o find_v some_o menstruum_fw-la that_o may_v dissolve_v they_o without_o hurt_v the_o bladder_n be_v easy_o imagine_v since_o some_o injection_n make_v of_o such_o body_n may_v likewise_o dissolve_v the_o stone_n which_o seem_v much_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n it_o may_v therefore_o perhaps_o be_v worthy_a some_o physician_n enquiry_n whether_o there_o may_v not_o be_v something_o mix_v with_o the_o urine_n in_o which_o the_o gravel_n or_o stone_n lie_v which_o may_v again_o make_v it_o dissolve_v it_o the_o first_o of_o which_o seem_v by_o its_o regular_a figure_n to_o have_v be_v sometime_o crystallize_v out_o of_o it_o for_o whether_o this_o crystallization_n be_v make_v in_o the_o manner_n as_o alum_n peter_n etc._n etc._n be_v crystallize_v out_o of_o a_o cool_a liquor_n in_o which_o by_o boil_v they_o have_v be_v dissolve_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v make_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o tartarum_fw-la vitriolatum_fw-la that_o be_v by_o the_o coalition_n of_o a_o acid_n and_o a_o sulphureous_a substance_n it_o seem_v not_o impossible_a but_o that_o the_o liquor_n it_o lie_v in_o may_v be_v again_o make_v a_o dissolvent_a of_o it_o but_o leave_v these_o inquiry_n to_o physician_n or_o chemist_n to_o who_o it_o do_v more_o proper_o belong_v i_o shall_v proceed_v obseru._n xiii_o of_o the_o small_a diamond_n or_o spark_n in_o flint_n chance_v to_o break_v a_o flint_n stone_n in_o piece_n i_o find_v within_o it_o a_o certain_a cavity_n all_o crust_v over_o with_o a_o very_a pretty_a candy_a substance_n some_o of_o the_o part_n of_o which_o upon_o change_v the_o posture_n of_o the_o stone_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o incident_a light_n exhibit_v a_o number_n of_o small_a but_o very_o vivid_v reflection_n and_o have_v make_v use_v of_o my_o microscope_n i_o can_v perceive_v the_o whole_a surface_n of_o that_o cavity_n to_o be_v all_o beset_v with_o a_o multitude_n of_o little_a crystaline_a or_o adamantine_a body_n so_o curious_o shape_v that_o it_o afford_v a_o not_o unpleasing_a object_n have_v consider_v those_o vivid_n repercussion_n of_o light_n i_o find_v they_o to_o be_v make_v partly_o from_o the_o plain_a external_a surface_n of_o these_o regular_o figure_v body_n which_o afford_v the_o vivid_v reflection_n and_o partly_o to_o be_v make_v from_o within_o the_o somewhat_o pellucid_a body_n that_o be_v from_o some_o surface_n of_o the_o body_n opposite_a to_o that_o superficies_n of_o it_o which_o be_v next_o the_o eye_n and_o because_o these_o body_n be_v so_o small_a that_o i_o can_v not_o well_o come_v to_o make_v experiment_n and_o examination_n of_o they_o i_o provide_v i_o several_a small_a stiriae_fw-la of_o crystal_n or_o diamond_n find_v in_o great_a quantity_n in_o cornwall_n and_o be_v therefore_o common_o call_v cornish_n diamond_n these_o be_v very_o pellucid_a and_o grow_v in_o a_o hollow_a cavity_n of_o a_o rock_n as_o i_o have_v be_v several_a time_n inform_v by_o those_o that_o have_v observe_v they_o much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o these_o do_v in_o the_o flint_n and_o have_v beside_o their_o outward_a surface_n very_o regular_o shape_v retain_v very_o near_o the_o same_o figure_n with_o some_o of_o those_o i_o observe_v in_o the_o other_o become_v a_o convenient_a help_n to_o i_o for_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o property_n of_o those_o kind_n of_o body_n and_o first_o for_o the_o reflection_n in_o these_o i_o find_v it_o very_o observable_a that_o the_o bright_a reflection_n of_o light_n proceed_v from_o within_o the_o pellucid_a body_n that_o be_v that_o the_o ray_n admit_v through_o the_o pellucid_a substance_n in_o their_o get_n out_o on_o the_o opposite_a side_n be_v by_o the_o contiguous_a and_o strong_a reflect_a surface_n of_o the_o air_n very_o vivid_o reflect_v so_o that_o more_o ray_n be_v reflect_v to_o the_o eye_n by_o this_o surface_n though_o the_o ray_n in_o enter_v and_o get_v out_o of_o the_o crystal_n have_v suffer_v a_o double_a refraction_n than_o there_o be_v from_o the_o outward_a surface_n of_o the_o glass_n where_o the_o ray_n have_v suffer_v no_o reftraction_n at_o all_o sche_n vii_o and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o air_n that_o give_v so_o vivid_v a_o re-percussion_n i_o try_v by_o this_o mean_n i_o sink_v half_a of_o a_o stiria_n in_o water_n so_o that_o only_a water_n be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o under_o surface_n and_o then_o the_o internal_a reflection_n be_v so_o exceed_o faint_a that_o it_o be_v scarce_o discernible_a again_o i_o try_v to_o alter_v this_o vivid_n reflection_n by_o keep_v off_o the_o air_n with_o a_o body_n not_o fluid_a and_o that_o be_v by_o rub_v and_o hold_v my_o finger_n very_o hard_o against_o the_o under_o surface_n so_o as_o in_o many_o place_n the_o pulp_n of_o my_o finger_n do_v touch_v the_o glass_n without_o any_o interjacent_a air_n between_o then_o observe_v the_o reflection_n i_o find_v that_o wheresoever_o my_o finger_n or_o skin_n touch_v the_o surface_n from_o that_o part_n there_o be_v no_o reflection_n but_o in_o the_o little_a furrow_n or_o crease_v of_o my_o skin_n where_o there_o remain_v little_a small_a line_n of_o air_n from_o they_o be_v return_v a_o very_a vivid_fw-la reflection_n as_o before_o i_o try_v further_o by_o make_v the_o surface_n of_o very_a pure_a quicksilver_n to_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o under_o surface_n of_o this_o pellucid_a body_n and_o then_o the_o reflection_n from_o that_o be_v so_o exceed_o more_a vivid_n than_o from_o the_o air_n as_o the_o reflection_n from_o air_n be_v than_o the_o reflection_n from_o the_o water_n from_o all_o which_o trial_n i_o plain_o see_v that_o the_o strong_a reflect_a air_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n and_o this_o agree_v very_o well_o with_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o light_n and_o pellucid_a body_n which_o i_o have_v mention_v in_o the_o description_n of_o muscovy-glass_n for_o we_o there_o suppose_v glass_n to_o be_v a_o medium_n which_o do_v less_o resist_v the_o pulse_n of_o light_n and_o consequent_o that_o most_o of_o the_o ray_n incident_a on_o it_o enter_v into_o it_o and_o be_v refract_v towards_o the_o perpendicular_a whereas_o the_o air_n i_o suppose_v to_o be_v a_o body_n that_o do_v more_o resist_v it_o and_o consequent_o more_o be_v re-percussed_a then_o do_v enter_v it_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o trial_n have_v i_o make_v with_o crystalline_a glass_n with_o drop_n of_o fluid_a body_n and_o several_a other_o way_n which_o do_v all_o seem_v to_o agree_v very_o exact_o with_o this_o theory_n so_o that_o from_o this_o principle_n well_o establish_v we_o may_v deduce_v several_a corollary_n not_o unworthy_a observation_n and_o the_o first_o be_v that_o it_o plain_o appear_v by_o this_o that_o the_o production_n of_o the_o rainbow_n be_v as_o much_o to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o concave_a surface_n of_o the_o air_n as_o to_o the_o refraction_n of_o the_o globular_a drop_n this_o will_v be_v evident_o manifest_a by_o these_o experiment_n if_o you_o foliate_v that_o part_n of_o a_o glass-ball_n that_o be_v to_o reflect_v a_o iris_n as_o in_o the_o cartesian_a experiment_n above_o mention_v the_o reflection_n will_v be_v abundant_o more_o strong_a and_o the_o colour_n more_o vivid_v and_o if_o that_o part_n of_o the_o surface_n be_v touch_v with_o water_n scarce_o afford_v any_o sensible_a colour_n at_o all_o next_o we_o learn_v that_o the_o great_a reason_n why_o pellucid_a body_n beat_v small_a be_v white_a be_v from_o the_o
multitude_n of_o reflection_n not_o from_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o body_n but_o from_o the_o contiguous_a surface_n of_o the_o air_n and_o this_o be_v evident_o manifest_v by_o fill_v the_o interstitia_fw-la of_o those_o powder_a body_n with_o water_n whereby_o their_o whiteness_n present_o disappear_v from_o the_o same_o reason_n proceed_v the_o whiteness_n of_o many_o kind_n of_o sand_n which_o in_o the_o microscope_n appear_v to_o be_v make_v up_o of_o a_o multitude_n of_o little_a pellucid_a body_n who_o bright_a reflection_n may_v by_o the_o microscope_n be_v plain_o perceive_v to_o come_v from_o their_o internal_a surface_n and_o much_o of_o the_o whiteness_n of_o it_o may_v be_v destroy_v by_o the_o affusion_n of_o fair_a water_n to_o be_v contiguous_a to_o those_o surface_n the_o whiteness_n also_o of_o froth_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o light_n from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o air_n within_o the_o bubble_n and_o very_o little_a to_o the_o reflection_n from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n itself_o for_o this_o last_o reflection_n do_v not_o return_v a_o quarter_n so_o many_o ray_n as_o that_o which_o be_v make_v from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o air_n as_o i_o have_v certain_o find_v by_o a_o multitude_n of_o observation_n and_o experiment_n the_o whiteness_n of_o linen_n paper_n silk_n etc._n etc._n proceed_v much_o from_o the_o same_o reason_n as_o the_o microscope_n will_v easy_o discover_v for_o the_o paper_n be_v make_v up_o of_o a_o abundance_n of_o pellucid_a body_n which_o afford_v a_o very_a plentiful_a reflection_n from_o within_o that_o be_v from_o the_o concave_a surface_n of_o the_o air_n contiguous_a to_o its_o component_a particle_n wherefore_o by_o the_o affusion_n of_o water_n oil_n tallow_n turpentine_n etc._n etc._n all_o those_o reflection_n be_v make_v more_o faint_a and_o the_o beam_n of_o light_n be_v suffer_v to_o traject_n &_o run_v through_o the_o paper_n more_o free_o hence_o further_o we_o may_v learn_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o whiteness_n of_o many_o body_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v they_o may_v be_v in_o part_n make_v pellucid_a as_o white_a marble_n for_o instance_n for_o this_o body_n be_v compose_v of_o a_o pellucid_a body_n exceed_o flaw_v that_o be_v there_o be_v abundance_n of_o thin_a and_o very_o fine_a crack_n or_o chink_n among_o the_o multitude_n of_o particle_n of_o the_o body_n that_o contain_v in_o they_o small_a parcel_n of_o air_n which_o do_v so_o re-percuss_a and_o drive_v back_o the_o penetrate_a beam_n that_o they_o can_v enter_v very_o deep_a within_o that_o body_n which_o the_o microscope_n do_v plain_o inform_v we_o to_o be_v make_v up_o of_o a_o congery_n of_o pellucid_a particle_n and_o i_o further_o find_v it_o somewhat_o more_o evident_o by_o some_o attempt_n i_o make_v towards_o the_o make_n transparent_a marble_n for_o by_o heat_n the_o stone_n a_o little_a and_o soak_v it_o in_o oil_n turpentine_n oil_n of_o turpentine_n &c_n &c_n i_o find_v that_o i_o be_v able_a to_o see_v much_o deep_a into_o the_o body_n of_o marble_n then_o before_o and_o one_o trial_n which_o be_v not_o with_o a_o unctuous_a substance_n succeed_v better_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o which_o when_o i_o have_v a_o better_a opportunity_n i_o shall_v make_v further_a trial_n this_o also_o give_v we_o a_o probable_a reason_n of_o the_o so_o much_o admire_v phaenomena_n of_o the_o oculus_fw-la mundi_fw-la a_o oval_a stone_n which_o common_o look_v like_o white_a alabaster_n but_o be_v lay_v a_o certain_a time_n in_o water_n it_o grow_v pellucid_a and_o transparent_a and_o be_v suffer_v to_o lie_v again_o dry_a it_o by_o degree_n lose_v that_o transparency_n and_o become_v white_a as_o before_o for_o the_o stone_n be_v of_o a_o hollow_a spongy_a nature_n have_v in_o the_o first_o and_o last_o of_o these_o appearance_n all_o those_o pore_n fill_v with_o the_o obtund_a and_o reflect_v air_n whereas_o in_o the_o second_o all_o those_o pore_n be_v fill_v with_o a_o medium_n that_o have_v much_o the_o same_o refraction_n with_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o stone_n and_o therefore_o those_o two_o be_v contiguous_a make_v as_o it_o be_v one_o continue_a medium_n of_o which_o more_o be_v say_v in_o the_o 15._o observation_n there_o be_v a_o multitude_n of_o other_o phaenomena_n that_o be_v produce_v from_o this_o same_o principle_n which_o as_o it_o have_v not_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o any_o yet_o that_o i_o know_v so_o i_o think_v upon_o more_o diligent_a observation_n will_v it_o not_o be_v find_v the_o least_o considerable_a but_o i_o have_v here_o only_a time_n to_o hint_n hypothesis_n and_o not_o to_o prosecute_v they_o so_o full_o as_o i_o can_v with_o many_o of_o they_o have_v a_o vast_a extent_n in_o the_o production_n of_o a_o multitude_n of_o phaenomena_n which_o have_v be_v by_o other_o either_o not_o attempt_v to_o be_v explain_v or_o else_o attribute_v to_o some_o other_o cause_n than_o what_o i_o have_v assign_v and_o perhaps_o than_o the_o right_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v leave_v this_o to_o the_o prosecution_n of_o such_o as_o have_v more_o leisure_n only_o before_o i_o leave_v it_o i_o must_v not_o pretermit_v to_o hint_n that_o by_o this_o principle_n multitude_n of_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o the_o air_n as_o about_o mist_n cloud_n meteor_n halo_n etc._n etc._n be_v most_o plain_o and_o perhaps_o true_o explicable_a multitude_n also_o of_o the_o phaenomena_n in_o colour_a body_n as_o liquor_n etc._n etc._n be_v deducible_a from_o it_o and_o from_o this_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o a_o second_o considerable_a phaenomenon_n which_o these_o diamond_n exhibit_v and_o that_o be_v the_o regularity_n of_o their_o figure_n which_o be_v a_o propriety_n not_o less_o general_n than_o the_o former_a it_o comprise_v within_o its_o extent_n all_o kind_n of_o metal_n all_o kind_n of_o mineral_n most_o precious_a stone_n all_o kind_n of_o salt_n multitude_n of_o earth_n and_o almost_o all_o kind_n of_o fluid_a body_n and_o this_o be_v another_o propiety_n which_o though_o a_o little_a superficial_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o some_o have_v not_o that_o i_o know_v be_v so_o much_o as_o attempt_v to_o be_v explicate_v by_o any_o this_o propriety_n of_o body_n as_o i_o think_v it_o the_o most_o worthy_a and_o next_o in_o order_n to_o be_v consider_v after_o the_o contemplation_n of_o the_o globular_a figure_n so_o have_v i_o long_o have_v a_o desire_n as_o well_o as_o a_o determination_n to_o have_v prosecute_v it_o if_o i_o have_v have_v a_o opportunity_n have_v long_o since_o propose_v to_o myself_o the_o method_n of_o my_o enquiry_n therein_o it_o contain_v all_o the_o allurement_n that_o i_o think_v any_o enquiry_n be_v capable_a of_o for_o first_o i_o take_v it_o to_o proceed_v from_o the_o most_o simple_a principle_n that_o any_o kind_n of_o form_n can_v come_v from_o next_o the_o globular_a which_o be_v therefore_o the_o first_o i_o set_v upon_o and_o what_o i_o have_v therein_o perform_v i_o leave_v the_o judicious_a reader_n to_o determine_v for_o as_o that_o form_n proceed_v from_o a_o propiety_n of_o fluid_a body_n which_o i_o have_v call_v congruity_n or_o incongruity_n so_o i_o think_v have_v i_o time_n and_o opportunity_n i_o can_v make_v probable_a that_o all_o these_o regular_a figure_n that_o be_v so_o conspicuous_o various_a and_o curious_a and_o do_v so_o adorn_v and_o beautify_v such_o multitude_n of_o body_n as_o i_o have_v above_o hint_v arise_v only_o from_o three_o or_o four_o several_a position_n or_o posture_n of_o globular_a particle_n and_o those_o the_o most_o plain_a obvious_a and_o necessary_a conjunction_n of_o such_o figure_v particle_n that_o be_v possible_a so_o that_o suppose_v such_o and_o such_o plain_a and_o obvious_a cause_n concur_v the_o coagulate_a particle_n must_v necessary_o compose_v a_o body_n of_o such_o a_o determinate_a regular_a figure_n and_o no_o other_o and_o this_o with_o as_o much_o necessity_n and_o obviousness_n as_o a_o fluid_a body_n encompass_v with_o a_o heterogeneous_a fluid_n must_v be_v protrude_v into_o a_o spherule_n or_o globe_n and_o this_o i_o have_v ad_fw-la oculum_fw-la demonstrate_v with_o a_o company_n of_o bullet_n and_o some_o few_o other_o very_o simple_a body_n so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o regular_a figure_n which_o i_o have_v hitherto_o meet_v withal_o of_o any_o of_o those_o body_n that_o i_o have_v above_o name_v that_o i_o can_v not_o with_o the_o composition_n of_o bullet_n or_o globule_n and_o one_o or_o two_o other_o body_n imitate_v even_o almost_o by_o shake_v they_o together_o and_o thus_o for_o instance_n may_v we_o find_v that_o the_o globular_a bullet_n will_v of_o themselves_o if_o put_v on_o a_o incline_a plain_n so_o that_o they_o may_v run_v together_o natural_o run_v into_o a_o triangular_a order_n compose_v all_o the_o variety_n of_o
to_o be_v make_v up_o of_o abundance_n of_o small_a ball_n which_o do_v but_o just_a touch_n each_o other_o and_o yet_o there_o be_v so_o many_o contact_n they_o make_v a_o firm_a hard_a mass_n or_o a_o stone_n much_o hard_a than_o freestone_n next_o though_o we_o can_v by_o a_o microscope_n discern_v so_o curious_a a_o shape_n in_o the_o particle_n yet_o to_o the_o naked_a eye_n there_o scarce_o appear_v any_o such_o thing_n which_o may_v afford_v we_o a_o good_a argument_n to_o think_v that_o even_o in_o those_o body_n also_o who_o texture_n we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o discern_v though_o help_v with_o microscope_n there_o may_v be_v yet_o latent_fw-la so_o curious_a a_o schematisme_n that_o it_o may_v abundant_o satisfy_v the_o curious_a searcher_n who_o shall_v be_v so_o happy_a as_o to_o find_v some_o way_n to_o discover_v it_o next_o we_o here_o find_v a_o stone_n though_o to_o the_o naked_a eye_n a_o very_a close_a one_o yet_o every_o way_n perforate_v with_o innumerable_a pore_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o interstitia_fw-la between_o those_o multitude_n of_o minute_n globular_a particle_n that_o compose_v the_o bulk_n itself_o and_o these_o pore_n be_v not_o only_o discover_v by_o the_o microscope_n but_o by_o this_o contrivance_n i_o take_v a_o pretty_a large_a piece_n of_o this_o stone_n and_o cover_v it_o all_o over_o with_o cement_n save_v only_o at_o two_o opposite_a part_n i_o find_v myself_o able_a by_o blow_v in_o at_o one_o end_n that_o be_v leave_v open_a to_o blow_v my_o spittle_n with_o which_o i_o have_v wet_v the_o other_o end_n into_o abundance_n of_o bubble_n which_o argue_v these_o pore_n to_o be_v open_a and_o pervious_a through_o the_o whole_a stone_n which_o afford_v we_o a_o very_a pretty_a instance_n of_o the_o porousness_n of_o some_o seem_o close_a body_n of_o which_o kind_n i_o shall_v anon_o have_v occasion_n to_o subjoin_v many_o more_o tend_v to_o prove_v the_o same_o thing_n i_o must_v not_o here_o omit_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o in_o this_o body_n there_o be_v not_o a_o vegetative_a faculty_n that_o shall_v so_o contrive_v this_o structure_n for_o any_o peculiar_a use_n of_o vegetation_n or_o growth_n whereas_o in_o the_o other_o instance_n of_o vegetable_a porous_a body_n there_o be_v a_o anima_fw-la or_o forma_fw-la informans_fw-la that_o do_v contrive_v all_o the_o structure_n and_o mechanisme_n of_o the_o constitute_a body_n to_o make_v they_o subservient_fw-fr and_o useful_a to_o the_o great_a work_n or_o function_n they_o be_v to_o perform_v and_o so_o i_o guess_v the_o pore_n in_o wood_n and_o other_o vegetable_n in_o bone_n and_o other_o animal_n substance_n to_o be_v as_o so_o many_o channel_n provide_v by_o the_o great_a and_o alwise_a creator_n for_o the_o conveyance_n of_o appropriate_v juice_n to_o particular_a part_n and_o therefore_o that_o this_o may_v tend_v or_o be_v pervious_a all_o towards_o one_o part_n and_o may_v have_v impediment_n as_o valve_n or_o the_o like_a to_o any_o other_o but_o in_o this_o body_n we_o have_v very_o little_a reason_n to_o suspect_v there_o shall_v be_v any_o such_o design_n for_o it_o be_v equal_o pervious_a every_o way_n not_o only_o forward_a but_o backward_o and_o sideways_o and_o seem_v indeed_o much_o rather_o to_o be_v homogeneous_a or_o similar_v to_o those_o pore_n which_o we_o may_v with_o great_a probability_n believe_v to_o be_v the_o channel_n of_o pellucid_a body_n not_o direct_v or_o more_o open_a any_o one_o way_n than_o any_o other_o be_v equal_o pervious_a every_o way_n and_o according_a as_o these_o pore_n be_v more_o or_o great_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o interstitial_a body_n the_o more_o transparent_a be_v the_o so_o constitute_v concretes_n and_o the_o small_a those_o pore_n be_v the_o weak_a be_v the_o impulse_n of_o light_n communicate_v through_o they_o though_o the_o more_o quick_a be_v the_o progress_n upon_o this_o occasion_n i_o hope_v it_o will_v not_o be_v altogether_o unseasonable_a if_o i_o propound_v my_o conjecture_n and_o hypothesis_n about_o the_o medium_n and_o conveyance_n of_o light_n i_o suppose_v then_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o interstitia_fw-la of_o the_o world_n that_o lie_v between_o the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n and_o the_o planet_n and_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v a_o exceed_o fluid_a body_n very_o apt_a and_o ready_a to_o be_v move_v and_o to_o communicate_v the_o motion_n of_o any_o one_o part_n to_o any_o other_o part_n though_o never_o so_o far_o distant_a nor_o do_v i_o much_o concern_v myself_o to_o determine_v what_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o this_o exceed_o subtle_a fluid_a medium_n must_v be_v nor_o whether_o it_o have_v any_o interstitiated_a pore_n or_o vacuity_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o solve_v all_o the_o phaenomena_n to_o suppose_v it_o a_o exceed_o fluid_a or_o the_o most_o fluid_a body_n in_o the_o world_n and_o as_o yet_o impossible_a to_o determine_v the_o other_o difficulty_n that_o be_v so_o exceed_o fluid_a a_o body_n it_o easy_o give_v passage_n to_o all_o other_o body_n to_o move_v to_o and_o fro_o in_o it_o that_o it_o neither_o receive_v from_o any_o of_o its_o part_n or_o from_o other_o body_n nor_o communicate_v to_o any_o of_o its_o part_n or_o to_o any_o other_o body_n any_o impulse_n or_o motion_n in_o a_o direct_a line_n that_o be_v not_o of_o a_o determinate_a quickness_n and_o that_o when_o the_o motion_n be_v of_o such_o determinate_a swiftness_n it_o both_o receive_v and_o communicate_v or_o propagate_v a_o impulse_n or_o motion_n to_o any_o imaginable_a distance_n in_o straight_a line_n with_o a_o unimaginable_a celerity_n and_o vigour_n that_o all_o kind_n of_o solid_a body_n consist_v of_o pretty_a massy_a particle_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o this_o fluid_a medium_n which_o in_o many_o place_n do_v so_o touch_v each_o other_o that_o none_o of_o this_o fluid_a medium_n interpose_v much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n to_o use_v a_o gross_a similitude_n as_o a_o heap_n of_o great_a stone_n compass_v one_o great_a congery_n or_o mass_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o water_n that_o all_o fluid_a body_n which_o we_o may_v call_v tangible_a be_v nothing_o but_o some_o more_o subtle_a part_n of_o those_o particle_n that_o serve_v to_o constitute_v all_o tangible_a body_n that_o the_o water_n and_o such_o other_o fluid_a body_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o congery_n of_o particle_n agitate_a or_o make_v fluid_a by_o it_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o particle_n of_o salt_n be_v agitate_a or_o make_v fluid_a by_o a_o parcel_n of_o water_n in_o which_o they_o be_v dissolve_v and_o subside_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o constitute_v a_o fluid_a body_n much_o more_o massy_a and_o dense_a and_o less_o fluid_a than_o the_o pure_a water_n itself_o that_o the_o air_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v a_o certain_a company_n of_o particle_n of_o quite_o another_o kind_n that_o be_v such_o as_o be_v very_o much_o small_a and_o more_o easy_o movable_a by_o the_o motion_n of_o this_o fluid_a medium_n much_o like_o those_o very_a subtle_a part_n of_o cochenel_n and_o other_o very_a deep_a ting_a body_n where_o by_o a_o very_a small_a parcel_n of_o matter_n be_v able_a to_o thing_fw-mi and_o diffuse_v itself_o over_o a_o very_a great_a quantity_n of_o the_o fluid_a dissolvent_a or_o somewhat_o after_o that_o manner_n as_o smoke_n and_o such_o like_a minute_n body_n or_o steam_n be_v observe_v to_o thing_fw-mi a_o very_o great_a quantity_n of_o air_n only_o this_o last_o similitude_n be_v deficient_a in_o one_o propriety_n and_o that_o be_v a_o perpetuity_n or_o continuance_n in_o that_o state_n of_o commixture_n with_o the_o air_n but_o the_o former_a do_v more_o near_o approach_v to_o the_o nature_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o air_n be_v be_v dissolve_v by_o this_o fluid_a or_o aether_n and_o this_o similitude_n will_v further_o hold_v in_o these_o propriety_n that_o as_o those_o tincture_n may_v be_v increase_v by_o certain_a body_n so_o may_v they_o be_v precipitate_v by_o other_o as_o i_o shall_v afterward_o show_v it_o to_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o the_o like_a accident_n happen_v even_o to_o the_o air_n itself_o further_o as_o these_o solution_n and_o tincture_n do_v alter_v the_o nature_n of_o these_o fluid_a body_n as_o to_o their_o aptness_n to_o propagate_v a_o motion_n or_o impulse_n through_o they_o even_o so_o do_v the_o particle_n of_o the_o air_n water_n and_o other_o fluid_a body_n and_o of_o glass_n crystal_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v commix_v with_o this_o bulk_n of_o the_o aether_n alter_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o propagate_v pulse_n of_o light_n that_o be_v where_o these_o more_o bulkie_a particle_n be_v more_o plentiful_a and_o consequent_o a_o lesser_a quantity_n of_o the_o aether_n between_o they_o to_o be_v move_v there_o the_o motion_n must_v necessary_o
find_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o great_a case_n another_o small_a round_a case_n between_o which_o two_o the_o interstice_n be_v fill_v with_o multitude_n of_o stringie_a fibre_n which_o seem_v to_o suspend_v the_o lesser_a case_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o other_o which_o as_o far_o as_o i_o be_v able_a to_o discern_v seem_v full_a of_o exceed_v small_a white_a seed_n much_o like_o the_o seed-bagg_n in_o the_o knop_n of_o a_o carnation_n after_o the_o flower_n have_v be_v two_o or_o three_o day_n or_o a_o week_n fall_v off_o but_o this_o i_o can_v not_o so_o perfect_o discern_v and_o therefore_o can_v positive_o affirm_v it_o after_o the_o seed_n be_v fall_v away_o i_o find_v both_o the_o case_n stalk_v and_o plant_v all_o grow_v red_a and_o wither_v and_o from_o other_o part_n of_o the_o root_n continual_o to_o spring_v new_a branch_n or_o slip_n which_o by_o degree_n increase_v and_o grow_v as_o big_a as_o the_o former_a seed_a ripen_a shatter_v and_o wither_a i_o can_v not_o find_v that_o it_o observe_v any_o particular_a season_n for_o these_o several_a kind_n of_o growth_n but_o rather_o find_v it_o to_o be_v spring_v mature_a ripe_a seedy_a and_o wither_v at_o all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n but_o i_o find_v it_o most_o to_o flourish_v and_o increase_v in_o warm_a and_o moist_a weather_n it_o gather_v its_o nourishment_n for_o the_o most_o part_n out_o of_o some_o lapidescent_n or_o other_o substance_n corrupt_v or_o change_v from_o its_o former_a texture_n or_o substantial_a form_n for_o i_o have_v find_v it_o to_o grow_v on_o the_o rot_a part_n of_o stone_n of_o brick_n of_o wood_n of_o bone_n of_o leather_n etc._n etc._n it_o oft_o grow_v on_o the_o bark_n of_o several_a tree_n spread_v itself_o sometime_o from_o the_o ground_n upward_o and_o sometime_o from_o some_o chink_n or_o cleave_v of_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o tree_n which_o have_v some_o putrified_a substance_n in_o it_o but_o this_o seem_v of_o a_o distinct_a kind_n from_o that_o which_o i_o observe_v to_o grow_v on_o putrified_a inanimate_a body_n and_o rot_a earth_n there_o be_v also_o great_a variety_n of_o other_o kind_n of_o mosses_n which_o grow_v on_o tree_n and_o several_a other_o plant_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v here_o make_v no_o mention_n nor_o of_o the_o moss_n grow_v on_o the_o skull_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n which_o much_o resemble_v that_o of_o tree_n whether_o this_o plant_n do_v sometime_o original_o spring_v or_o rise_v out_o of_o corruption_n without_o any_o disseminated_a seed_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o make_v trial_n enough_o to_o be_v very_o much_o either_o positive_a or_o negative_a for_o as_o it_o seem_v very_o hard_a to_o conceive_v how_o the_o seed_n shall_v be_v general_o disperse_v into_o all_o part_n where_o there_o be_v a_o corruption_n begin_v unless_o we_o may_v rational_o suppose_v that_o this_o seed_n be_v so_o exceed_o small_a and_o consequent_o exceed_v light_n be_v thereby_o take_v up_o and_o carry_v to_o and_o fro_o in_o the_o air_n into_o every_o place_n and_o by_o the_o fall_a drop_n of_o rain_n be_v wash_v down_o out_o of_o it_o and_o so_o disperse_v into_o all_o place_n and_o there_o only_o take_v root_n and_o propagate_v where_o it_o find_v a_o convenient_a soil_n or_o matrix_fw-la for_o it_o to_o thrive_v in_o so_o if_o we_o will_v have_v it_o to_o proceed_v from_o corruption_n it_o be_v not_o less_o difficult_a to_o conceive_v first_o how_o the_o corruption_n of_o any_o vegetable_a much_o less_o of_o any_o stone_n or_o brick_n shall_v be_v the_o parent_n of_o so_o curious_o figure_v and_o so_o perfect_a a_o plant_n as_o this_o be_v but_o here_o indeed_o i_o can_v but_o add_v that_o it_o seem_v rather_o to_o be_v a_o product_n of_o the_o rain_n in_o those_o body_n where_o it_o be_v stay_v then_o of_o the_o very_a body_n themselves_o since_o i_o have_v find_v it_o grow_v on_o marble_n and_o flint_n but_o always_o the_o microscope_n if_o not_o the_o naked_a eye_n will_v discover_v some_o little_a hole_n of_o dirt_n in_o which_o it_o be_v root_v next_o how_o the_o corruption_n of_o each_o of_o those_o exceed_o differ_a body_n shall_v all_o conspire_v to_o the_o production_n of_o the_o same_o plant_n that_o be_v that_o stone_n brick_n wood_n or_o vegetable_a substance_n and_o bone_n leather_n horn_n or_o animate_v substance_n unless_o we_o may_v with_o some_o plausibleness_n say_v that_o air_n and_o water_n be_v the_o coadjutor_n or_o menstruum_n in_o all_o kind_n of_o putrefaction_n and_o that_o thereby_o the_o body_n though_o while_o they_o retain_v their_o substantial_a form_n be_v of_o exdcee_v differ_v nature_n yet_o since_o they_o be_v dissolve_v and_o mix_v into_o another_o they_o may_v be_v very_o homogeneous_a they_o be_v almost_o resolve_v again_o into_o air_n water_n and_o earth_n retain_v perhaps_o one_o part_n of_o their_o vegetative_a faculty_n yet_o entire_a which_o meet_v with_o congruous_a assistant_n such_o as_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o fluidity_n of_o the_o water_n and_o such_o like_a coadjutor_n and_o convenience_n acquire_v a_o certain_a vegetation_n for_o a_o time_n whole_o differ_v perhaps_o from_o that_o kind_n of_o vegetation_n it_o have_v before_o to_o explain_v my_o meaning_n a_o little_a better_o by_o a_o gross_a similitude_n suppose_v a_o curious_a piece_n of_o clockwork_n that_o have_v have_v several_a motion_n and_o contrivance_n in_o it_o which_o when_o in_o order_n will_v all_o have_v move_v in_o their_o design_v method_n and_o period_n we_o will_v further_o suppose_v by_o some_o mean_n that_o this_o clock_n come_v to_o be_v break_v bruise_a or_o otherwise_o disorder_v so_o that_o several_a part_n of_o it_o be_v dislocate_v be_v impede_v and_o so_o stand_v still_o and_o not_o only_o hinder_v its_o own_o progressive_a motion_n and_o produce_v not_o the_o effect_n which_o they_o be_v design_v for_o but_o because_o the_o other_o part_n also_o have_v a_o dependence_n upon_o they_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o their_o motion_n likewise_o and_o so_o the_o whole_a instrument_n become_v unserviceable_a and_o not_o fit_a for_o any_o use_n this_o instrument_n afterward_o by_o some_o shake_n and_o tumble_v and_o throw_v up_o and_o down_o come_v to_o have_v several_a of_o its_o part_n shake_v out_o and_o several_a of_o its_o curious_a motion_n and_o contrivance_n and_o particle_n all_o fall_v asunder_o here_o a_o pin_n fall_v out_o and_o there_o a_o pillar_n and_o here_o a_o wheel_n and_o there_o a_o hammer_n and_o a_o spring_n and_o the_o like_a and_o among_o the_o rest_n away_o fall_v those_o part_n also_o which_o be_v bruise_v and_o disorder_v and_o have_v all_o this_o while_n impede_v the_o motion_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n hereupon_o several_a of_o those_o other_o motion_n that_o yet_o remain_v who_o spring_n be_v not_o quite_o run_v down_o be_v now_o at_o liberty_n begin_v each_o of_o they_o to_o move_v thus_o or_o thus_o but_o quite_o after_o another_o method_n then_o before_o there_o be_v many_o regulate_a part_n and_o the_o like_a fall_v away_o and_o lose_v upon_o this_o the_o owner_n who_o chance_v to_o hear_v and_o observe_v some_o of_o these_o effect_n be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o watch-maker_n art_n wonder_n what_o be_v betide_v his_o clock_n and_o present_o imagine_v that_o some_o artist_n have_v be_v at_o work_n and_o have_v set_v his_o clock_n in_o order_n and_o make_v a_o new_a kind_n of_o instrument_n of_o it_o but_o upon_o examine_v circumstance_n he_o find_v there_o be_v no_o such_o matter_n but_o that_o the_o casual_a slip_n out_o of_o a_o pin_n have_v make_v several_a part_n of_o his_o clock_n fall_v to_o piece_n and_o that_o thereby_o the_o obstacle_n that_o all_o this_o while_n hinder_v his_o clock_n together_o with_o other_o useful_a part_n be_v fall_v out_o and_o so_o his_o clock_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n and_o upon_o wind_v up_o those_o spring_n again_o when_o run_v down_o he_o find_v his_o clock_n to_o go_v but_o quite_o after_o another_o manner_n than_o it_o be_v wont_n heretofore_o and_o thus_o may_v it_o be_v perhaps_o in_o the_o business_n of_o moss_n and_o mould_n and_o mushroom_n and_o several_a other_o spontaneous_a kind_n of_o vegetation_n which_o may_v be_v cause_v by_o a_o vegetative_a principle_n which_o be_v a_o coadjutor_n to_o the_o life_n and_o growth_n of_o the_o great_a vegetable_a and_o be_v by_o the_o destroy_n of_o the_o life_n of_o it_o stop_v and_o impede_v in_o perform_v its_o office_n but_o afterward_o upon_o a_o further_a corruption_n of_o several_a part_n that_o have_v all_o the_o while_n impede_v it_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n wind_v up_o as_o it_o be_v the_o spring_n set_v it_o again_o into_o a_o vegetative_a motion_n and_o this_o be_v single_a and_o not_o at_o all_o regulate_v as_o it_o be_v before_o when_o a_o part_n of_o that_o
the_o water_n can_v very_o little_a or_o not_o at_o all_o penetrate_v this_o therefore_o retain_v always_o very_a near_o the_o same_o dimension_n and_o the_o other_o stretch_v and_o shrink_v according_a as_o there_o be_v more_o or_o less_o moisture_n or_o water_n in_o its_o pore_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o make_v and_o shape_n of_o the_o part_n the_o whole_a body_n must_v necessary_o unwreath_v and_o wreathe_v itself_o and_o upon_o this_o principle_n it_o be_v very_o easy_a to_o make_v several_a sort_n of_o contrivance_n that_o shall_v thus_o wreathe_v and_o unwreath_v themselves_o either_o by_o heat_n and_o cold_a or_o by_o dryness_n and_o moisture_n or_o by_o any_o great_a or_o less_o force_v from_o whatever_o cause_n it_o proceed_v whether_o from_o gravity_n or_o weight_n or_o from_o wind_n which_o be_v motion_n of_o the_o air_n or_o from_o some_o spring_a body_n or_o the_o like_a this_o have_v i_o time_n i_o shall_v enlarge_v much_o more_o upon_o for_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v the_o very_a first_o footstep_n of_o sensation_n and_o animate_v motion_n the_o most_o plain_a simple_a and_o obvious_a contrivance_n that_o nature_n have_v make_v use_n of_o to_o produce_v a_o motion_n next_o to_o that_o of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n by_o heat_n and_o cold_a and_o be_v this_o principle_n very_o well_o examine_v i_o be_o very_o apt_a to_o think_v it_o will_v afford_v we_o a_o very_a great_a help_n to_o find_v out_o the_o mechanism_n of_o the_o muscle_n which_o indeed_o as_o far_o as_o i_o have_v hitherto_o be_v able_a to_o examine_v seem_v to_o i_o not_o so_o very_o perplex_v as_o one_o may_v imagine_v especial_o upon_o the_o examination_n which_o i_o make_v of_o the_o muscle_n of_o crab_n lobster_n and_o several_a sort_n of_o large_a shellfish_n and_o compare_v my_o observation_n on_o they_o with_o the_o circumstance_n i_o observe_v in_o the_o muscle_n of_o terrestrial_a animal_n now_o as_o in_o this_o instance_n of_o the_o beard_n of_o a_o wild_a oat_n we_o see_v there_o be_v nothing_o else_o requisite_a to_o make_v it_o wreath_n and_o unwreath_v itself_o and_o to_o straighten_v and_o bend_v its_o knee_n then_o only_o a_o little_a breath_n of_o moist_a or_o dry_a air_n or_o a_o small_a atom_n almost_o of_o water_n or_o liquor_n and_o a_o little_a heat_n to_o make_v it_o again_o evaporate_v for_o by_o hold_v this_o beard_n place_v and_o fix_v as_o i_o before_o direct_v near_o a_o fire_n and_o dip_v the_o tip_n of_o a_o small_a shred_n of_o paper_n in_o well_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o then_o touch_v the_o wreathe_v cylindrical_a part_n you_o may_v perceive_v it_o to_o untwist_v itself_o and_o present_o again_o upon_o the_o avolation_n of_o the_o spirit_n by_o the_o great_a heat_n it_o will_v re-twist_n itself_o and_o thus_o will_v it_o move_v forward_o and_o backward_o as_o oft_o as_o you_o repeat_v the_o touch_v it_o with_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n so_o may_v perhaps_o the_o shrink_a and_o relax_v of_o the_o muscle_n be_v by_o the_o influx_n and_o evaporation_n of_o some_o kind_n of_o liquor_n or_o juice_n but_o of_o this_o enquiry_n i_o shall_v add_v more_o elsewhere_o obseru._n xxviii_o of_o the_o seed_n of_o venus_n looking-glass_n or_o corn_n violet_n from_o the_o leave_n and_o down_n and_o beard_n of_o plant_n we_o come_v at_o last_o to_o the_o seed_n and_o here_o indeed_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o cabinet_n of_o nature_n wherein_o be_v lay_v up_o its_o jewel_n the_o providence_n of_o nature_n about_o vegetable_n be_v in_o no_o part_n manifest_v more_o then_o in_o the_o various_a contrivance_n about_o the_o seed_n nor_o indeed_o be_v there_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o vegetable_a so_o curious_a carving_n and_o beautiful_a adornment_n as_o about_o the_o seed_n this_o in_o the_o large_a sort_n of_o seed_n be_v most_o evident_a to_o the_o eye_n nor_o be_v it_o less_o manifest_a through_o the_o microscope_n in_o those_o seed_n who_o shape_n and_o structure_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o smallness_n the_o eye_n be_v hardly_o able_a to_o distinguish_v of_o these_o there_o be_v multitude_n many_o of_o which_o i_o have_v observe_v through_o a_o microscope_n and_o find_v that_o they_o do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n every_o one_o afford_v exceed_v pleasant_a and_o beautiful_a object_n for_o beside_o those_o that_o have_v various_a kind_n of_o carve_v surface_n there_o be_v other_o that_o have_v smooth_a and_o perfect_o polish_a surface_n other_o a_o downy_a hairy_a surface_n some_o be_v cover_v only_o with_o a_o skin_n other_o with_o a_o kind_n of_o shell_n other_o with_o both_o as_o be_v observable_a also_o in_o great_a seed_n schem_n xvii_o schem_n xviii_o this_o though_o it_o appear_v one_o of_o the_o most_o promise_a seed_n for_o beauty_n to_o the_o naked_a eye_n yet_o through_o the_o microscope_n it_o appear_v but_o a_o rude_a misshape_a seed_n which_o i_o therefore_o draw_v that_o i_o may_v thereby_o manifest_v how_o unable_a we_o be_v by_o the_o naked_a eye_n to_o judge_v of_o beauteous_a or_o less_o curious_a microscopical_a object_n cut_v some_o of_o they_o in_o sunder_o i_o observe_v they_o to_o be_v fill_v with_o a_o greenish_a yellow_a pulp_n and_o to_o have_v a_o very_a thick_a husk_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o pulp_n obseru._n xxix_o of_o the_o seed_n of_o time_n these_o pretty_a fruit_n here_o represent_v in_o the_o 18._o scheme_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o nine_o several_a seed_n of_o time_n they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o in_o differ_v posture_n both_o as_o to_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o light_n nor_o be_v they_o all_o of_o they_o exact_o of_o the_o same_o shape_n there_o be_v a_o great_a variety_n both_o in_o the_o bulk_n and_o figure_n of_o each_o seed_n but_o they_o all_o agree_v in_o this_o that_o be_v look_v on_o with_o a_o microscope_n they_o each_o of_o they_o exact_o resemble_v a_o lemon_n or_o orange_n dry_v and_o this_o both_o in_o shape_n and_o colour_n some_o of_o they_o be_v a_o little_o round_a of_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o orange_n as_o a_o and_o b_o they_o have_v each_o of_o they_o a_o very_a conspicuous_a part_n by_o which_o they_o be_v join_v to_o their_o little_a stalk_n and_o one_o of_o they_o have_v a_o little_a piece_n of_o stalk_n remain_v on_o the_o opposite_a side_n of_o the_o seed_n you_o may_v perceive_v very_o plain_o by_o the_o figure_n be_v very_o cop_v and_o prominent_a as_o be_v very_o usual_a in_o lemon_n which_o prominency_n be_v express_v in_o d_o e_z and_o f._n they_o seem_v each_o of_o they_o a_o little_a crease_v or_o wrinkle_a but_o e_z be_v very_o conspicuous_o furrow_v as_o if_o the_o inward_a make_v of_o this_o seed_n have_v be_v somewhat_o like_o that_o of_o a_o lemon_n also_o but_o upon_o divide_v several_a seed_n with_o a_o very_a sharp_a penknife_n and_o examine_v they_o afterward_o i_o find_v their_o make_n to_o be_v in_o nothing_o but_o bulk_n differ_v from_o that_o of_o pea_n that_o be_v to_o have_v a_o pretty_a thick_a coat_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n a_o indifferent_a white_a pulp_n which_o seem_v very_o close_o so_o that_o it_o seem_v nature_n do_v not_o very_o much_o alter_v her_o method_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o enclose_v and_o preserve_v the_o vital_a principle_n in_o the_o seed_n in_o these_o very_a small_a grain_n from_o that_o of_o bean_n pea_n etc._n etc._n the_o grain_n afford_v a_o very_a pretty_a object_n for_o the_o microscope_n namely_o a_o dish_n of_o lemon_n place_v in_o a_o very_a little_a room_n shall_v a_o lemon_n or_o nut_n be_v proportionable_o magnify_v to_o what_o this_o seed_n of_o time_n be_v it_o will_v make_v it_o appear_v as_o big_a as_o a_o large_a hay-teek_a and_o it_o will_v be_v no_o great_a wonder_n to_o see_v homer_n iliad_n and_o homer_n and_o all_o cram_v into_o such_o a_o nutshell_n we_o may_v perceive_v even_o in_o these_o small_a grain_n as_o well_o as_o in_o great_a how_o curious_a and_o careful_a nature_n be_v in_o preserve_v the_o seminal_a principle_n of_o vegetable_a body_n in_o what_o delicate_a strong_a and_o most_o convenient_a cabinet_n she_o lay_v they_o and_o close_v they_o in_o a_o pulp_n for_o their_o safe_a protection_n from_o outward_a danger_n and_o for_o the_o supply_n of_o convenient_a alimental_a juice_n when_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n begin_v to_o animate_v and_o move_v these_o little_a automan●●s_n or_o engine_n as_o if_o she_o will_v from_o the_o ornament_n wherewith_o she_o as_o deck_v these_o cabinet_n hint_n to_o we_o that_o in_o they_o she_o have_v lay_v up_o her_o jewel_n and_o masterpiece_n and_o this_o if_o we_o be_v but_o diligent_a in_o observe_v we_o shall_v find_v her_o method_n throughout_o there_o be_v no_o curiosity_n in_o the_o elemental_a kingdom_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v the_o body_n of_o air_n water_n earth_n that_o be_v comparable_a in_o
a_o man_n seem_v utter_o uncapable_a of_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o smallness_n and_o texture_n but_o how_o even_o strength_n also_o may_v be_v mechanical_o make_v a_o artificial_a muscle_n so_o contrive_v that_o thereby_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o exert_v what_o strength_n he_o please_v and_o to_o regulate_v it_o also_o to_o his_o own_o mind_n i_o may_v elsewhere_o endeavour_v to_o manifest_v obseru._n xlvii_o of_o the_o shepherd_n spider_n or_o long_o legged_a spider_n the_o carter_n shepherd_n spider_n or_o long-legged_a spider_n have_v for_o two_o particularity_n very_o few_o similar_v creature_n that_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o the_o first_o which_o be_v discoverable_a only_o by_o the_o microscope_n and_o be_v in_o the_o first_o and_o second_o figure_n of_o the_o 31._o scheme_n plain_o describe_v be_v the_o curious_a contrivance_n of_o his_o eye_n of_o which_o differ_v from_o most_o other_o spider_n he_o have_v only_o two_o and_o those_o place_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o a_o small_a pillar_n or_o hillock_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o top_n of_o its_o back_n or_o rather_o the_o crown_n of_o its_o head_n for_o they_o be_v fix_v on_o the_o very_a top_n of_o this_o pillar_n which_o be_v about_o the_o height_n of_o one_o of_o the_o transverse_a diameter_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o look_v on_o in_o another_o posture_n appear_v much_o of_o the_o shape_n bcd_v the_o two_o eye_n bb_n be_v place_v back_o to_o back_n with_o the_o transparent_a part_n or_o the_o pupil_n look_v towards_o either_o side_n but_o somewhat_o more_o forward_o then_o backward_o c_o be_v the_o column_n or_o neck_n on_o which_o they_o stand_v and_o d_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n out_o of_o which_o that_o neck_n spring_v schem_n xxxi_o the_o second_o peculiarity_n which_o be_v obvious_a to_o the_o eye_n be_v also_o very_o remarkable_a and_o that_o be_v the_o prodigious_a length_n of_o its_o leg_n in_o proportion_n to_o its_o small_a round_a body_n each_o leg_n of_o this_o i_o draw_v be_v above_o sixteen_o time_n the_o length_n of_o its_o whole_a body_n and_o there_o be_v some_o which_o have_v they_o yet_o long_o and_o other_o that_o seem_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n that_o have_v they_o a_o great_a deal_n short_a the_o eight_o leg_n be_v each_o of_o they_o joint_v just_a like_o those_o of_o a_o crab_n but_o every_o of_o the_o part_n be_v spin_v out_o prodigious_o long_o in_o proportion_n each_o of_o these_o leg_n be_v terminate_v in_o a_o small_a case_n or_o shell_n shape_v almost_o like_o that_o of_o a_o musle-shell_n as_o be_v evident_a in_o the_o three_o figure_n of_o the_o same_o scheme_n that_o represent_v the_o appearance_n of_o the_o under_o part_n or_o belly_n of_o the_o creature_n by_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o protuberant_a conical_a body_n four_o etc._n etc._n these_o be_v as_o it_o be_v place_v or_o fasten_v on_o to_o the_o protuberant_a body_n of_o the_o insect_n which_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v very_o high_a at_o m_n make_v a_o kind_n of_o blunt_a cone_n whereof_o m_n be_v to_o be_v suppose_v the_o apex_n about_o which_o great_a cone_n of_o the_o body_n the_o small_a cones_fw-la of_o the_o leg_n be_v place_v each_o of_o they_o almost_o reach_v to_o the_o top_n in_o so_o admirable_a a_o manner_n as_o do_v not_o a_o little_a manifest_v the_o wisdom_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o contrivance_n for_o these_o long_a lever_n as_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o of_o the_o leg_n have_v not_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o long_a end_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o hypomochlion_n or_o centre_n on_o which_o the_o part_n of_o the_o leg_n move_v must_v necessary_o require_v a_o vast_a strength_n to_o move_v they_o and_o keep_v the_o body_n balance_v and_o suspend_v in_o so_o much_o that_o if_o we_o shall_v suppose_v a_o man_n body_n suspend_v by_o such_o a_o contrivance_n a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o time_n the_o strength_n of_o a_o man_n will_v not_o keep_v the_o body_n from_o fall_v on_o the_o breast_n to_o supply_v therefore_o each_o of_o these_o leg_n with_o its_o proper_a strength_n nature_n have_v allow_v to_o each_o a_o large_a chest_n or_o cell_n in_o which_o be_v include_v a_o very_a large_a and_o strong_a muscle_n and_o thereby_o this_o little_a animal_n be_v not_o only_o able_a to_o suspend_v its_o body_n upon_o less_o than_o these_o eight_o but_o to_o move_v it_o very_o swift_o over_o the_o top_n of_o grass_n and_o leaf_n nor_o be_v these_o eight_o leg_n so_o prodigious_o long_a but_o the_o nine_o and_o ten_o which_o be_v the_o two_o claw_n kk_n be_v as_o short_a and_o serve_v in_o steed_n of_o a_o proboscis_n for_o those_o seem_v very_o little_o long_o than_o his_o mouth_n each_o of_o they_o have_v three_o part_n but_o very_o short_a the_o joint_n kk_n which_o represent_v the_o three_o be_v long_o than_o both_o the_o other_o this_o creature_n seem_v which_o i_o have_v several_a time_n with_o pleasure_n observe_v to_o throw_v its_o body_n upon_o the_o prey_n instead_o of_o its_o hand_n not_o unlike_o a_o hunt_a spider_n which_o leap_v like_o a_o cat_n at_o a_o mouse_n the_o whole_a fabric_n be_v a_o very_a pretty_a one_o and_o can_v i_o have_v dissect_v it_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o i_o shall_v have_v find_v as_o many_o singularity_n within_o it_o as_o without_o perhaps_o for_o the_o most_o part_n not_o unlike_o the_o part_n of_o a_o crab_n which_o this_o little_a creature_n do_v in_o many_o thing_n very_o much_o resemble_v the_o curiosity_n of_o who_o contrivance_n i_o have_v in_o another_o place_n examine_v i_o omit_v the_o description_n of_o the_o horn_n aa_n of_o the_o mouth_n ll_o which_o seem_v like_o that_o of_o a_o crab_n the_o speckledness_n of_o his_o shell_n which_o proceed_v from_o a_o kind_n of_o feather_n or_o hair_n and_o the_o hairiness_n of_o his_o leg_n his_o large_a thorax_n and_o little_a belly_n and_o the_o like_a they_o be_v manifest_v by_o the_o figure_n and_o shall_v only_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o body_n namely_o the_o head_n breast_n and_o belly_n be_v in_o this_o creature_n strange_o confuse_v so_o that_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o determine_v which_o be_v which_o as_o they_o be_v also_o in_o a_o crab_n and_o indeed_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o air-crab_n be_v make_v more_o light_a and_o nimble_a proportionable_a to_o the_o medium_n wherein_o it_o reside_v and_o as_o air_n seem_v to_o have_v but_o one_o thousand_o part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o water_n so_o do_v this_o spider_n seem_v not_o to_o be_v a_o thousand_o part_n of_o the_o bulk_n of_o a_o crab._n obseru._n xlviii_o of_o the_o hunt_a spider_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o spider_n the_o hunt_a spider_n be_v a_o small_a grey_a spider_n pretty_o bespeck_v with_o black_a spot_n all_o over_o its_o body_n which_o the_o microscope_n discover_v to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o feather_n like_o those_o on_o butterfly_n wing_n or_o the_o body_n of_o the_o white_a moth_n i_o late_o describe_v it_o be_v gate_n be_v very_o nimble_a by_o fit_n sometime_o run_v and_o sometime_o leap_v like_o a_o grasshopper_n almost_o then_o stand_v still_o and_o set_v itself_o on_o its_o hinder_a leg_n it_o will_v very_o nimble_o turn_v its_o body_n and_o look_v round_o itself_o every_o way_n it_o have_v six_o very_a conspicuous_a eye_n two_o looking_z direct_o forward_o place_v just_a before_o two_o other_z on_o either_o side_n of_o those_o look_v forward_o and_o sideways_o and_o two_o other_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o top_n of_o its_o back_n or_o head_n which_o look_v backward_o and_o side-ward_n these_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o big_a the_o surface_n of_o they_o all_o be_v very_o black_a spherical_a pure_o polish_a reflect_v a_o very_a clear_a and_o distinct_a image_n of_o all_o the_o ambient_fw-la object_n such_o as_o a_o window_n a_o man_n hand_n a_o white_a paper_n or_o the_o like_a some_o other_o property_n of_o this_o spider_n observe_v by_o the_o most_o accomplish_a mr._n evelyn_n in_o his_o travel_n in_o italy_n be_v most_o emphatical_o set_v forth_o in_o the_o history_n hereunto_o annex_v which_o he_o be_v please_v upon_o my_o desire_n to_o send_v i_o in_o writing_n of_o all_o the_o sort_n of_o infect_v there_o be_v none_o have_v afford_v i_o more_o divertisement_n than_o the_o venatores_fw-la which_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o lupi_fw-la that_o have_v their_o denn_n in_o the_o rugged_a wall_n and_o crevice_n of_o our_o house_n a_o small_a brown_a and_o delicate_o spot_a kind_n of_o spider_n who_o hinder_a leg_n be_v long_o than_o the_o rest_n such_o i_o do_v frequent_o observe_v at_o rome_n which_o espy_v a_o fly_n at_o three_o or_o four_o yard_n distance_n upon_o the_o balcony_n where_o i_o stand_v will_v not_o make_v direct_o to_o she_o but_o craul_n
vanish_v which_o by_o direct_v a_o small_a telescope_n towards_o that_o part_n they_o appear_v and_o disappear_v in_o i_o can_v present_o find_v to_o be_v indeed_o small_a star_n so_o situate_a as_o i_o have_v see_v they_o with_o my_o naked_a eye_n and_o to_o appear_v twinkle_v like_o the_o ordinary_a visible_a star_n nay_o in_o examine_v some_o very_a notable_a part_n of_o the_o heaven_n with_o a_o three_o foot_n tube_n i_o think_v i_o now_o and_o then_o in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o constellation_n can_v perceive_v little_a twinkle_n of_o star_n make_v a_o very_a short_a kind_n of_o apparition_n and_o present_o vanish_v but_o note_v diligent_o the_o place_n where_o they_o thus_o seem_v to_o play_v at_o boe-peep_a i_o make_v use_v of_o a_o very_a good_a twelve_o foot_n tube_n and_o with_o that_o it_o be_v not_o uneasy_a to_o see_v those_o and_o several_a other_o degree_n of_o small_a star_n and_o some_o small_a yet_o that_o seem_v again_o to_o appear_v and_o disappear_v and_o these_o also_o by_o give_v the_o same_o object-glass_n a_o much_o big_a aperture_n i_o can_v plain_o and_o constant_o see_v appear_v in_o their_o former_a place_n so_o that_o i_o have_v observe_v some_o twelve_o several_a magnitude_n of_o star_n less_o than_o those_o of_o the_o six_o magnitude_n common_o recount_v in_o the_o globe_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o accurate_a observation_n of_o the_o best_a of_o our_o modern_a astronomer_n that_o all_o the_o luminous_a body_n appear_v above_o the_o horizon_n when_o they_o real_o be_v below_o it_o so_o that_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n have_v both_o be_v see_v above_o the_o horizon_n while_o the_o moon_n have_v be_v in_o a_o eclipse_n i_o shall_v not_o here_o instance_n in_o the_o great_a refraction_n that_o the_o top_n of_o high_a mountain_n see_v at_o a_o distance_n have_v be_v find_v to_o have_v all_o which_o seem_v to_o argue_v the_o horizontal_n refraction_n much_o great_a than_o it_o be_v hitherto_o general_o believe_v i_o have_v further_o take_v notice_n that_o not_o only_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n and_o high_a top_n of_o mountain_n have_v suffer_v these_o kind_n of_o refraction_n but_o tree_n and_o several_a bright_a object_n on_o the_o ground_n i_o have_v often_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o twinkle_n of_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o a_o glass-window_n at_o a_o good_a distance_n and_o of_o a_o candle_n in_o the_o night_n but_o that_o be_v not_o so_o conspicuous_a and_o in_o observe_v the_o set_a sun_n i_o have_v often_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o tremulation_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o bush_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o sun_n divers_n of_o these_o phaenomena_n have_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o several_a who_o have_v give_v several_a reason_n of_o they_o but_o i_o have_v not_o yet_o meet_v with_o any_o altogether_o satisfactory_a though_o some_o of_o their_o conjecture_n have_v be_v partly_o true_a but_o parley_n also_o false_a set_v myself_o therefore_o upon_o the_o inquiry_n of_o these_o phaenomena_n i_o first_o endeavour_v to_o be_v very_o diligent_a in_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o several_a particular_n and_o circumstance_n observable_a in_o they_o and_o next_o in_o make_v divers_a particular_a experiment_n that_o may_v clear_v some_o doubt_n and_o serve_v to_o determine_v confirm_v and_o illustrate_v the_o true_a and_o adequate_a cause_n of_o each_o and_o upon_o the_o whole_a i_o find_v much_o reason_n to_o think_v that_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o all_o these_o phaenomena_n be_v from_o the_o inflection_n or_o multiplicate_v refraction_n of_o those_o ray_n of_o light_n within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o that_o it_o do_v not_o proceed_v from_o a_o refraction_n cause_v by_o any_o terminate_a superficies_n of_o the_o air_n above_o nor_o from_o any_o such_o exact_o define_v superficies_n within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n this_o conclusion_n be_v ground_v upon_o these_o two_o proposition_n first_o that_o a_o medium_n who_o part_n be_v unequal_o dense_a and_o move_v by_o various_a motion_n and_o transposition_n as_o to_o one_o another_o will_v produce_v all_o these_o visible_a effect_n upon_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n without_o any_o other_o coefficient_a cause_n second_o that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o air_n or_o atmosphere_n such_o a_o variety_n in_o the_o constituent_a part_n of_o it_o both_z as_o to_o their_o density_n and_o rarity_n and_o as_o to_o their_o divers_a mutation_n and_o position_n one_o to_o another_o by_o density_n and_o rarity_n i_o understand_v a_o property_n of_o a_o transparent_a body_n that_o do_v either_o more_o or_o less_o refract_v a_o ray_n of_o light_n come_v oblique_o upon_o its_o superficies_n out_o of_o a_o three_o medium_n towards_o its_o perpendicular_a as_o i_o call_v glass_n a_o more_o dense_a body_n than_o water_n and_o water_n a_o more_o rare_a body_n than_o glass_n because_o of_o the_o refraction_n more_o or_o less_o deflect_v towards_o the_o perpendicular_a that_o be_v make_v in_o they_o of_o a_o ray_n of_o light_n out_o of_o the_o air_n that_o have_v the_o same_o inclination_n upon_o either_o of_o their_o superficies_n so_o as_o to_o the_o business_n of_o refraction_n spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v a_o more_o dense_a body_n than_o water_n it_o have_v be_v find_v by_o a_o accurate_a instrument_n that_o measure_v the_o angle_n of_o refraction_n to_o minute_n that_o for_o the_o same_o refracted_a angle_n of_o 30_o 00_o in_o both_o those_o medium_n the_o angle_n of_o incidence_n in_o water_n be_v but_o 41°_n 3_o '_o 5._o but_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o incidence_n in_o the_o trial_n with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v 42°_n 45_o '_o but_o as_o to_o gravity_n water_n be_v a_o more_o dense_a body_n than_o spirit_n of_o wine_n for_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o same_o water_n to_o the_o same_o very_a well_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v as_o 21._o to_o 19_o so_o as_o to_o refraction_n water_n be_v more_o dense_n then_o ice_n for_o i_o have_v find_v by_o a_o most_o certain_a experiment_n which_o i_o exhibit_v before_o divers_a illustrious_a person_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n that_o the_o refraction_n of_o water_n be_v great_a than_o that_o of_o ice_n though_o some_o considerable_a author_n have_v affirm_v the_o contrary_a and_o though_o the_o ice_n be_v a_o very_a hard_a and_o the_o water_n a_o very_a fluid_a body_n that_o the_o former_a of_o the_o two_o precede_a proposition_n be_v true_a may_v be_v manifest_v by_o several_a experiment_n as_o first_o if_o you_o take_v any_o two_o liquor_n differ_v from_o one_o another_o in_o density_n but_o yet_o such_o as_o will_v ready_o mix_v as_o salt_n water_n or_o brine_n &_o fresh_a almost_o any_o kind_n of_o salt_n dissolve_v in_o water_n and_o filtrate_v so_o that_o it_o be_v clear_a spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o water_n nay_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n one_o more_o high_o rectify_v then_o the_o other_o and_o very_o many_o other_o liquor_n if_o i_o say_v you_o take_v any_o two_o of_o these_o liquor_n and_o mix_v they_o in_o a_o glass_n viol._n against_o one_o side_n of_o which_o you_o have_v fix_v or_o glue_v a_o small_a round_a piece_n of_o paper_n and_o shake_v they_o well_o together_o so_o that_o the_o part_n of_o they_o may_v be_v somewhat_o disturb_v and_o move_v up_o and_o down_o you_o endeavour_v to_o see_v that_o round_a piece_n of_o paper_n through_o the_o body_n of_o the_o liquor_n you_o shall_v plain_o perceive_v the_o figure_n to_o wave_v and_o to_o be_v indent_v much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o limb_n of_o the_o sun_n through_o a_o telescope_n seem_v to_o be_v save_v only_o that_o the_o mutation_n here_o be_v much_o quick_a and_o if_o in_o steed_n of_o this_o big_a circle_n you_o take_v a_o very_a small_a spot_n and_o fasten_v and_o view_v it_o as_o the_o former_a you_o will_v find_v it_o to_o appear_v much_o like_o the_o twinkle_n of_o the_o star_n though_o much_o quick_a which_o two_o phaenomena_n for_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o no_o more_o at_o present_a though_o i_o can_v instance_n in_o multitude_n of_o other_o must_v necessary_o be_v cause_v by_o a_o inflection_n of_o the_o ray_n within_o the_o terminate_a superficies_n of_o the_o compound_a medium_n since_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o transparent_a body_n through_o which_o the_o ray_n pass_v to_o the_o eye_n be_v not_o at_o all_o alter_v or_o change_v this_o inflection_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o i_o imagine_v to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o multiplicate_v refraction_n cause_v by_o the_o unequal_a density_n of_o the_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o medium_n whereby_o the_o motion_n action_n or_o progress_n of_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n be_v hinder_v from_o proceed_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n and_o inflect_v or_o deflect_v by_o a_o curve_v
but_o that_o some_o happy_a future_a industry_n may_v find_v out_o way_n to_o effect_v they_o nay_o further_o since_o we_o find_v that_o nature_n do_v real_o perform_v though_o by_o what_o mean_v we_o be_v not_o certain_a both_o these_o action_n namely_o by_o praecipitate_v the_o air_n in_o rain_n and_o dews_n and_o by_o supply_v the_o stream_n and_o river_n of_o the_o world_n with_o fresh_a water_n strain_v through_o secret_a subterraneous_a cavern_n and_o since_o that_o in_o very_a many_o other_o propriety_n they_o do_v so_o exact_o seem_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n till_o further_a observation_n or_o trial_n do_v inform_v we_o of_o the_o contrary_a we_o may_v safe_o enough_o conclude_v they_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n for_o it_o seldom_o happen_v that_o any_o two_o nature_n have_v so_o many_o property_n coincident_a or_o the_o same_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v solution_n and_o air_n to_o have_v and_o to_o be_v different_a in_o the_o rest_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v it_o neither_o impossible_a irrational_a nay_o nor_o difficult_a to_o be_v able_a to_o predict_v what_o be_v likely_a to_o happen_v in_o other_o particular_n also_o beside_o those_o which_o observation_n or_o experiment_n have_v declare_v thus_o or_o thus_o especial_o if_o the_o circumstance_n that_o do_v often_o very_o much_o conduce_v to_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o effect_n be_v due_o weigh_v and_o consider_v and_o indeed_o be_v there_o not_o a_o probability_n of_o this_o our_o inquiry_n will_v be_v endless_a our_o trial_n vain_a and_o our_o great_a invention_n will_v be_v nothing_o but_o the_o mere_a product_n of_o chance_n and_o not_o of_o reason_n and_o like_o mariner_n in_o a_o ocean_n destitute_a both_o of_o a_o compass_n and_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o celestial_a guide_v we_o may_v indeed_o by_o chance_n steer_v direct_o towards_o our_o desire_a port_n but_o it_o be_v a_o thousand_o to_o one_o but_o we_o miss_v our_o aim_n but_o to_o proceed_v we_o may_v hence_o also_o give_v a_o plain_a reason_n how_o the_o air_n come_v to_o be_v darken_v by_o cloud_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o kind_n of_o precipitation_n and_o how_o those_o precipitation_n fall_v down_o in_o shower_n hence_o also_o can_v i_o very_o easy_o and_o i_o think_v true_o deduce_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o curious_a six_o angular_a figure_n of_o snow_n and_o the_o appearance_n of_o halo_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o sudden_a thicken_a of_o the_o sky_n with_o cloud_n and_o the_o vanish_v and_o disappear_v of_o those_o cloud_n again_o for_o all_o these_o thing_n may_v be_v very_o easy_o imitate_v in_o a_o glass_n of_o liquor_n with_o some_o slight_a chemical_a preparation_n as_o i_o have_v often_o try_v and_o may_v somewhere_o else_o more_o large_o relate_v but_o have_v not_o now_o time_n to_o set_v they_o down_o but_o to_o proceed_v there_o be_v other_o body_n that_o consist_v of_o particle_n more_o gross_a and_o of_o a_o more_o apt_a figure_n for_o cohesion_n and_o this_o require_v a_o somewhat_o great_a agitation_n such_o i_o suppose_v ☿_o fermented_a vinous_a spirit_n several_a chemical_a oil_n which_o be_v much_o of_o a_o kin_n to_o those_o spirit_n etc._n etc._n other_o yet_o require_v a_o great_a as_o water_n and_o so_o other_o much_o great_a for_o almost_o infinite_a degree_n for_o i_o suppose_v there_o be_v very_o few_o body_n in_o the_o world_n that_o may_v not_o be_v make_v aliquatenus_fw-la fluid_fw-la by_o some_o or_o other_o degree_n of_o agitation_n or_o heat_n have_v therefore_o in_o short_a set_v down_o my_o notion_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n i_o come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o consider_v what_o congruity_n be_v and_o this_o as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v a_o relative_n property_n of_o a_o fluid_a whereby_o it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v like_a or_o unlike_a to_o this_o or_o that_o other_o body_n whereby_o it_o do_v or_o do_v not_o mix_v with_o this_o or_o that_o body_n we_o will_v again_o have_v recourse_n to_o our_o former_a experiment_n though_o but_o a_o rude_a one_o and_o here_o if_o we_o mix_v in_o the_o dish_n several_a kind_n of_o sand_n some_o of_o big_a other_o of_o less_o and_o fine_a bulk_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o by_o the_o agitation_n the_o fine_a sand_n will_v eject_v and_o throw_v out_o of_o itself_o all_o those_o big_a bulk_n of_o small_a stone_n and_o the_o like_a and_o those_o will_v be_v gather_v together_o all_o into_o one_o place_n and_o if_o there_o be_v other_o body_n in_o it_o of_o other_o nature_n those_o also_o will_v be_v separate_v into_o a_o place_n by_o themselves_o and_o unite_a or_o tumble_v up_o together_o and_o though_o this_o do_v not_o come_v up_o to_o the_o high_a property_n of_o congruity_n which_o be_v a_o cohaesion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o fluid_a together_o or_o a_o kind_n of_o attraction_n and_o tenacity_n yet_o this_o do_v as_o it_o be_v shadow_n it_o out_o and_o somewhat_o resemble_v it_o for_o just_a after_o the_o same_o manner_n i_o suppose_v the_o pulse_n of_o heat_n to_o agitate_v the_o small_a parcel_n of_o matter_n and_o those_o that_o be_v of_o a_o like_a bigness_n and_o figure_n and_o matter_n will_v hold_v or_o dance_v together_o and_o those_o which_o be_v of_o a_o differ_a kind_n will_v be_v thrust_v or_o shove_v out_o from_o between_o they_o for_o particle_n that_o be_v all_o similar_v will_n like_o so_o many_o equal_a musical_a string_n equal_o stretch_v vibrate_v together_o in_o a_o kind_n of_o harmony_n or_o unison_n whereas_o other_o that_o be_v dissimilar_v upon_o what_o account_n soever_o unless_o the_o disproportion_n be_v otherwise_o counterbalanced_a will_n like_o so_o many_o string_n out_o of_o ton_n to_o those_o unison_n though_o they_o have_v the_o same_o agitating_a pulse_n yet_o make_v quite_o differ_v kind_n of_o vibration_n and_o repercussion_n so_o that_o though_o they_o may_v be_v both_o move_v yet_o be_v their_o vibration_n so_o different_a and_o so_o untune_a as_o it_o be_v to_o each_o other_o that_o they_o cross_v and_o jar_n against_o each_o other_o and_o consequent_o can_v agree_v together_o but_o fly_v back_o from_o each_o other_o to_o their_o similar_v particle_n now_o to_o give_v you_o a_o instance_n how_o the_o disproportion_n of_o some_o body_n in_o one_o respect_n may_v be_v counterbalanced_a by_o a_o contrary_a disproportion_n of_o the_o same_o body_n in_o another_o respect_n whence_o we_o find_v that_o the_o subtle_a vinous_a spirit_n be_v congruous_a or_o do_v ready_o mix_v with_o water_n which_o in_o many_o property_n be_v of_o a_o very_a differ_a nature_n we_o may_v consider_v that_o a_o unison_n may_v be_v make_v either_o by_o two_o string_n of_o the_o same_o bigness_n length_n and_o tension_n or_o by_o two_o string_n of_o the_o same_o bigness_n but_o of_o differ_v length_n and_o a_o contrary_a differ_a tension_n or_o 3_o lie_n by_o two_o string_n of_o unequal_a length_n and_o bigness_n and_o of_o a_o differ_a tension_n or_o of_o equal_a length_n and_o differ_v bigness_n and_o tension_n and_o several_a other_o such_o variety_n to_o which_o three_o property_n in_o string_n will_v correspond_v three_o propriety_n also_o in_o sand_n or_o the_o particle_n of_o body_n their_o matter_n or_o substance_n their_o figure_n or_o shape_n and_o their_o body_n or_o bulk_n and_o from_o the_o variety_n of_o these_o three_o may_v arise_v infinite_a variety_n in_o fluid_a body_n though_o all_o agitate_a by_o the_o same_o pulse_n or_o vibrative_a motion_n and_o there_o may_v be_v as_o many_o way_n of_o make_v harmony_n and_o discord_n with_o these_o as_o there_o may_v be_v with_o musical_a string_n have_v therefore_o see_v what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o congruity_n or_o incongruity_n those_o relative_a property_n of_o fluid_n we_o may_v from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v very_o easy_o collect_v what_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o those_o relative_n propriety_n also_o between_o fluid_a body_n and_o solid_a for_o since_o all_o body_n consist_v of_o particle_n of_o such_o a_o substance_n figure_n and_o bulk_n but_o in_o some_o they_o be_v unite_v together_o more_o firm_o then_o to_o be_v loosen_v from_o each_o other_o by_o every_o vibrative_a motion_n though_o i_o imagine_v that_o there_o be_v no_o body_n in_o the_o world_n but_o that_o some_o degree_n of_o agitation_n may_v as_o i_o hint_v before_o agitate_v and_o loosen_v the_o particle_n so_o as_o to_o make_v they_o fluid_a those_o cohere_a particle_n may_v vibrate_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n almost_o as_o those_o that_o be_v loose_a and_o become_v unison_n or_o discord_n as_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v to_o they_o now_o that_o the_o part_n of_o all_o body_n though_o never_o so_o solid_a do_v yet_o vibrate_v i_o think_v we_o need_v go_v no_o further_o for_o proof_n then_o that_o all_o body_n have_v some_o degree_n of_o heat_n in_o they_o and_o that_o there_o have_v not_o
be_v yet_o find_v any_o thing_n perfect_o cold_a nor_o can_v i_o believe_v indeed_o that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n in_o nature_n as_o a_o body_n who_o particle_n be_v at_o rest_n or_o lazy_a and_o unactive_a in_o the_o great_a theatre_n of_o the_o world_n it_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o grand_a oeconomy_n of_o the_o universe_n we_o see_v therefore_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o sympathy_n or_o unite_n of_o some_o body_n together_o and_o of_o the_o antipathy_n or_o flight_n of_o other_o from_o each_o other_o for_o congruity_n seem_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o sympathy_n and_o incongruity_n a_o antipathy_n of_o body_n hence_o similar_v body_n once_o unite_v will_v not_o easy_o part_v and_o dissimilar_v body_n once_o disjoin_v will_v not_o easy_o unite_v again_o from_o hence_o may_v be_v very_o easy_o deduce_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o suspension_n of_o water_n and_o quicksilver_n above_o their_o usual_a station_n as_o i_o shall_v more_o at_o large_a anon_o show_v these_o property_n therefore_o always_o the_o concomitant_n of_o fluid_a body_n produce_v these_o follow_a visible_a effect_n first_o they_o unite_z the_o part_n of_o a_o fluid_a to_o its_o similar_v solid_a or_o keep_v they_o separate_v from_o its_o dissimilar_v hence_o quicksilver_n will_v as_o we_o note_v before_o stick_v to_o gold_n silver_n tin_n lead_v etc._n etc._n and_o unite_v with_o they_o but_o roll_n off_o from_o wood_n stone_n glass_n etc._n etc._n if_o never_o so_o little_o situate_v out_o of_o its_o horizontal_a level_n and_o water_n that_o will_v wet_v salt_n and_o dissolve_v it_o will_v slip_v off_o from_o tallow_n or_o the_o like_a without_o at_o all_o adhere_n as_o it_o may_v likewise_o be_v observe_v to_o do_v upon_o a_o dusty_a superficies_n and_o next_o they_o cause_v the_o part_n of_o homogeneal_a fluid_a body_n ready_o to_o adhere_v together_o and_o mix_v and_o of_o heterogeneal_a to_o be_v exceed_o averse_a thereunto_o hence_o we_o find_v that_o two_o small_a drop_n of_o water_n on_o any_o superficies_n they_o can_v roll_n on_o will_n if_o they_o chance_v to_o touch_v each_o other_o ready_o unite_v and_o mix_v into_o one_o 3d._o drop_n the_o like_a may_v be_v observe_v with_o two_o small_a bowl_n of_o quicksilver_n upon_o a_o table_n or_o glass_n provide_v their_o surface_n be_v not_o dusty_a and_o with_o two_o drop_n of_o oil_n upon_o fair_a water_n etc._n etc._n and_o further_o water_n put_v unto_o wine_n salt_n water_n vinegar_n spirit_n of_o wine_n or_o the_o like_a do_v immediate_o especial_o if_o they_o be_v shake_v together_o disperse_v itself_o all_o over_o they_o hence_o on_o the_o contrary_a we_o also_o find_v that_o oil_n of_o tartar_n pour_v upon_o quicksilver_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n on_o that_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n on_o that_o spirit_n and_o air_n upon_o that_o oil_n though_o they_o be_v stop_v close_o up_o into_o a_o bottle_n and_o shake_v never_o so_o much_o they_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n long_o suffer_v any_o of_o their_o big_a part_n to_o be_v unite_v or_o include_v within_o any_o of_o the_o other_o liquor_n by_o which_o recite_v liquor_n may_v be_v plain_o enough_o represent_v the_o four_o peripatetical_a element_n and_o the_o more_o subtle_a aether_n above_o all_o from_o this_o property_n it_o be_v that_o a_o drop_n of_o water_n do_v not_o mingle_v with_o or_o vanish_v into_o air_n but_o be_v drive_v by_o that_o fluid_a equal_o protrude_a it_o on_o every_o side_n and_o force_v into_o as_o little_a a_o space_n as_o it_o 〈◊〉_d possible_o be_v contain_v in_o namely_o into_o a_o round_a globule_n so_o likewise_o a_o title_n air_n blow_v under_o the_o water_n be_v unite_v or_o thrust_v into_o a_o bubble_n by_o the_o ambient_fw-la water_n and_o a_o parcel_n of_o quicksilver_n enclose_v with_o air_n water_n or_o almost_o any_o other_o liquor_n be_v form_v into_o a_o round_a ball._n now_o the_o cause_n why_o all_o these_o include_v fluids_n new_o mention_v or_o as_o many_o other_o as_o be_v whole_o include_v within_o a_o heterogeneous_a fluid_fw-la be_v not_o exact_o of_o a_o spherical_a figure_n see_v that_o if_o cause_v by_o these_o principle_n only_o it_o can_v be_v of_o no_o other_o must_v proceed_v from_o some_o other_o kind_n of_o pressure_n against_o the_o two_o opposite_a flat_v side_n this_o adventitious_a or_o accidental_a pressure_n may_v proceed_v from_o divers_a cause_n and_o according_o must_v diversify_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o include_v heterogeneous_a fluid_n for_o see_v that_o a_o body_n may_v be_v include_v either_o with_o a_o fluid_a only_o or_o only_o with_o a_o solid_a or_o partly_o with_o a_o fluid_a and_o partly_o with_o a_o solid_a or_o partly_o with_o one_o fluid_a and_o partly_o with_o another_o there_o will_v be_v find_v a_o very_a great_a variety_n of_o the_o terminate_a surface_n much_o differ_v from_o a_o spherical_a according_a to_o the_o various_a resistance_n or_o pressure_n that_o belong_v to_o each_o of_o those_o encompass_v body_n which_o property_n may_v in_o general_n be_v deduce_v from_o two_o head_n viz._n motion_n and_o rest._n for_o either_o this_o globular_a figure_n be_v alter_v by_o a_o natural_a motion_n such_o as_o be_v gravity_n or_o a_o violent_a such_o as_o be_v any_o accidental_a motion_n of_o the_o fluid_n as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o wind_n ruffle_v up_o the_o water_n and_o the_o purl_n of_o stream_n and_o foam_v of_o cataract_n and_o the_o like_a of_o three_o by_o the_o rest_n firmness_n and_o stability_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la solid_a for_o if_o the_o include_v solid_n be_v of_o a_o angular_a or_o any_o other_o irregular_a form_n the_o include_v fluid_a will_v be_v near_o of_o the_o like_a as_o a_o pint_n pot_n full_a of_o water_n or_o a_o bladder_n full_a of_o air._n and_o next_o if_o the_o including_z or_o include_v fluid_a have_v a_o great_a gravity_n one_o than_o another_o then_o will_v the_o globular_a form_n be_v depress_v into_o a_o ellipticospherical_a as_o if_o for_o example_n we_o suppose_v the_o circle_n abcd_n in_o the_o four_o figure_n to_o represent_v a_o drop_n of_o water_n quicksilver_n or_o the_o like_a include_v with_o the_o air_n or_o the_o like_a which_o suppose_v there_o be_v no_o gravity_n at_o all_o in_o either_o of_o the_o fluid_n or_o that_o the_o contain_v and_o contain_v be_v of_o the_o same_o weight_n will_v be_v equal_o compress_v into_o a_o exact_o spherical_a body_n the_o ambient_fw-la fluid_fw-la force_v equal_o against_o every_o side_n of_o it_o but_o suppose_v either_o a_o great_a gravity_n in_o the_o include_v by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v press_v from_o a_o towards_o b_o and_o thereby_o the_o whole_a put_v into_o motion_n and_o that_o motion_n be_v hinder_v by_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o subjacent_a part_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la the_o globular_a figure_n adbc_n will_v be_v depress_v into_o the_o ellipticospherical_a egfh_n for_o the_o side_n a_o be_v detrude_v to_o e_o by_o the_o gravity_n and_o b_o to_o f_o by_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o subjacent_a medium_n and_o therefore_o c_z must_v neccessary_o be_v thrust_v to_o g_o and_o d_o to_z h._n or_o else_o suppose_v a_o great_a gravity_n in_o the_o ambient_fw-la by_o who_o more_o then_o ordinary_a pressure_n against_o the_o under_o side_n of_o the_o include_v globule_n e_o will_v be_v force_v to_o f_o and_o by_o its_o resistance_n of_o the_o motion_n upward_o the_o side_n a_o will_v be_v depress_v to_o e_o and_o therefore_o c_o be_v thrust_v to_o g_z and_o d_o to_o h_n the_o globular_a figure_n by_o this_o mean_n also_o will_v be_v make_v a_o ellipticospherical_a next_o if_o a_o fluid_a be_v include_v partly_o with_o one_o and_o partly_o with_o another_o fluid_a it_o will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v shape_v diverse_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o gravity_n and_o incongruity_n of_o the_o 3_o fluid_n one_o to_o another_o as_o in_o the_o second_o figure_n let_v the_o upper_a mmm_o be_v air_n the_o middle_a lmno_n be_v common_a oil_n the_o low_a ooo_o be_v water_n the_o oil_n will_v be_v form_v not_o into_o a_o spherical_a figure_n such_o as_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o prick_a line_n but_o into_o such_o a_o figure_n as_o lmno_n who_o side_n lmn_n will_v be_v of_o a_o flatter_v elliptical_a figure_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a disproportion_n between_o the_o gravity_n of_o oil_n and_o air_n and_o the_o side_n lom_n of_o a_o round_a because_o of_o the_o small_a difference_n between_o the_o weight_n of_o oil_n and_o water_n last_o the_o globular_a figure_n will_v be_v change_v if_o the_o ambient_fw-la be_v partly_o fluid_a and_o partly_o solid_a and_o here_o the_o termination_n of_o the_o encompass_v fluid_a towards_o the_o encompass_v be_v shape_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o congruity_n or_o incongruity_n of_o the_o fluid_n to_o the_o solid_n and_o
of_o the_o gravity_n and_o incongruity_n of_o the_o fluid_v one_o to_o another_o as_o suppose_v the_o subjacent_a medium_n that_o hinder_v a_o include_v fluid_n descent_n be_v a_o solid_a as_o let_v ki_v in_o the_o four_o figure_n represent_v the_o smooth_a superficies_n of_o a_o table_n egfh_o a_o parcel_n of_o run_v mercury_n the_o side_n gfh_n will_v be_v more_o flat_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o incongruity_n of_o the_o mercury_n and_o air_n to_o the_o wood_n and_o of_o the_o gravity_n of_o mercury_n and_o air_n one_o to_o another_o the_o side_n geh_a will_n likewise_o be_v a_o little_a more_o depress_v by_o reason_n the_o subjacent_a part_n be_v now_o at_o rest_n which_o be_v before_o in_o motion_n or_o further_o in_o the_o three_o figure_n let_v ail_v represent_v a_o include_v solid_a medium_n of_o a_o cylindrical_a shape_n as_o suppose_v a_o small_a glass_n jar_n let_v fgemm_n represent_v a_o contain_v fluid_a as_o water_n this_o towards_o the_o bottom_n and_o side_n be_v figure_v according_a to_o the_o concavity_n of_o the_o glass_n but_o its_o upper_a surface_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o gravity_n not_o consider_v at_o all_o the_o air_n above_o it_o and_o so_o neither_o the_o congruity_n or_o incongruity_n of_o either_o of_o they_o to_o the_o glass_n shall_v be_v terminate_v by_o part_n of_o a_o sphere_n who_o diameter_n shall_v be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n which_o to_o our_o sense_n will_v appear_v a_o straight_a line_n as_o fge_v or_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o have_v a_o great_a congruity_n to_o glass_n than_o air_n have_v not_o consider_v its_o gravity_n will_v be_v thrust_v into_o a_o concave_a sphere_n as_o chb_v who_o diameter_n will_v be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o concavity_n of_o the_o vessel_n its_o upper_a surface_n i_o say_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o have_v a_o great_a gravity_n than_o the_o air_n and_o have_v likewise_o a_o great_a congruity_n to_o glass_n then_o the_o air_n have_v be_v terminate_v by_o a_o concave_n ellipticospherical_a figure_n as_o ckb._n for_o by_o its_o congruity_n it_o easy_o conform_v itself_o and_o adhere_v to_o the_o glass_n and_o constitute_v as_o it_o be_v one_o contain_v body_n with_o it_o and_o therefore_o shall_v thrust_v the_o contain_v air_n on_o that_o side_n it_o touch_v it_o into_o a_o spherical_a figure_n as_o bhc_n but_o the_o motion_n of_o gravity_n depress_v a_o little_a the_o corner_n b_o and_o c_o reduce_v it_o into_o the_o aforesaid_a figure_n ckb._n now_o that_o it_o be_v the_o great_a congruity_n of_o one_o of_o the_o two_o contiguous_a fluid_n then_o of_o the_o other_o to_o the_o contain_v solid_a that_o cause_v the_o separate_a surface_n to_o be_v thus_o or_o thus_o figure_v and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o because_o this_o or_o that_o figurated_a surface_n be_v more_o proper_a natural_a or_o peculiar_a to_o one_o of_o these_o fluid_a body_n then_o to_o the_o other_o will_v appear_v from_o this_o that_o the_o same_o fluid_n will_v by_o be_v put_v into_o differ_v solid_n change_v their_o surface_n for_o the_o same_o water_n which_o in_o a_o glass_n or_o wooden_a vessel_n will_v have_v a_o concave_a surface_n upward_o and_o will_v rise_v high_o in_o a_o small_a than_o a_o great_a pipe_n the_o same_o water_n i_o say_v in_o the_o same_o pipe_n grease_v over_o or_o oil_v will_v produce_v quite_o contrary_a effect_n for_o it_o will_v have_v a_o protuberant_a and_o convex_a surface_n upward_o and_o will_v not_o rise_v so_o high_a in_o small_a as_o in_o big_a pipe_n nay_o in_o the_o very_a same_o solid_a vessel_n you_o may_v make_v the_o very_a same_o two_o contiguous_a liquid_n to_o alter_v their_o surface_n for_o take_v a_o small_a wine-glass_n or_o such_o like_a vessel_n and_o pour_v water_n gentle_o into_o it_o you_o shall_v perceive_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n all_o the_o way_n concave_a till_o it_o rise_v even_o with_o the_o top_n when_o you_o shall_v find_v it_o if_o you_o gentle_o and_o careful_o pour_v in_o more_o to_o grow_v very_o protuberant_a and_o convex_a the_o reason_n of_o which_o be_v plain_a for_o that_o the_o solid_a side_n of_o the_o contain_v body_n be_v no_o long_o extend_v to_o which_o the_o water_n do_v more_o ready_o adhere_v then_o the_o air_n but_o it_o be_v henceforth_o to_o be_v include_v with_o air_n which_o will_v reduce_v it_o into_o a_o hemisphere_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o gravity_n it_o be_v flat_v into_o a_o oval_a quicksilver_n also_o which_o to_o glass_n be_v more_o incongruous_a than_o air_n and_o thereby_o be_v put_v into_o a_o glass-pipe_n will_v not_o adhere_v to_o it_o but_o by_o the_o more_o congruous_a air_n will_v be_v force_v to_o have_v a_o very_a protuberant_a surface_n and_o to_o rise_v high_o in_o a_o great_a than_o a_o lesser_a pipe_n this_o quicksilver_n to_o clean_a metal_n especial_o to_o gold_n silver_n tin_n lead_v etc._n etc._n iron_n except_v be_v more_o congruous_a than_o air_n and_o will_v not_o only_o stick_v to_o it_o but_o have_v a_o concave_a surface_n like_o water_n and_o rise_v high_o in_o a_o less_o then_o in_o a_o great_a pipe_n in_o all_o these_o example_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o there_o be_v a_o extraordinary_a and_o adventitious_a force_n by_o which_o the_o globular_a figure_n of_o the_o contain_v heterogeneous_a fluid_n be_v alter_v neither_o can_v it_o be_v imagine_v how_o it_o shall_v otherwise_o be_v of_o any_o other_o figure_n then_o globular_a for_o be_v by_o the_o heterogeneous_a fluid_n equal_o protrude_v every_o way_n whatsoever_o part_n be_v protuberant_a will_v be_v thereby_o depress_v from_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v that_o in_o its_o effect_n it_o do_v very_o much_o resemble_v a_o round_a spring_n such_o as_o a_o hoop_n for_o as_o in_o a_o round_a spring_n there_o be_v require_v a_o additional_a pressure_n against_o two_o opposite_a side_n to_o reduce_v it_o into_o a_o oval_a form_n or_o to_o force_v it_o in_o between_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hole_n who_o diameter_n be_v less_o than_o that_o of_o the_o spring_n there_o must_v be_v a_o considerable_a force_n or_o protrusion_n against_o the_o concave_n or_o inner_a side_n of_o the_o spring_n so_o to_o alter_v this_o spherical_a constitution_n of_o a_o include_v fluid_a body_n there_o be_v require_v more_o pressure_n against_o opposite_a side_n to_o reduce_v it_o into_o a_o oval_a and_o to_o press_v it_o into_o a_o hole_n less_o in_o diameter_n then_o itself_o it_o require_v a_o great_a protrusion_n against_o all_o the_o other_o side_n what_o degree_n of_o force_n be_v requisite_a to_o reduce_v they_o into_o long_a and_o long_a oval_n or_o to_o press_v they_o into_o less_o and_o less_o hole_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o experimental_o calculate_v but_o thus_o much_o by_o experiment_n i_o find_v in_o general_a that_o there_o be_v always_o require_v a_o great_a pressure_n to_o close_v they_o into_o long_a oval_n or_o protude_n they_o into_o small_a hole_n the_o necessity_n and_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v it_o requisite_a i_o can_v easy_o explain_v but_o be_v not_o so_o necessary_a and_o require_v more_o room_n and_o time_n than_o i_o have_v for_o it_o at_o present_a i_o shall_v here_o omit_v it_o and_o proceed_v to_o show_v that_o this_o may_v be_v present_o find_v true_a if_o experiment_n be_v make_v with_o a_o round_a spring_n the_o way_n of_o make_v which_o trial_n be_v obvious_a enough_o and_o with_o the_o fluid_a body_n of_o mercury_n air_n &c_n &c_n the_o way_n of_o try_v which_o will_v be_v somewhat_o more_o difficult_a and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v in_o brief_a describe_v it_o he_o therefore_o that_o will_v try_v with_o air_n must_v first_o be_v provide_v of_o a_o glass-pipe_n make_v of_o the_o shape_n of_o that_o in_o the_o five_o figure_n whereof_o the_o side_n ab_fw-la represent_v a_o straight_a tube_n of_o about_o three_o foot_n long_o c_o represent_v another_o part_n of_o it_o which_o consist_v of_o a_o round_a bubble_n so_o order_v that_o there_o be_v leave_v a_o passage_n or_o hole_n at_o the_o top_n into_o which_o may_v be_v fasten_v with_o cement_n several_a small_a pipe_n of_o determinate_a cylindrical_a cavity_n as_o let_v the_o hollow_a of_o f._n be_v ¼_n of_o a_o inch_n g._n be_v ⅙_n of_o a_o inch_n h._n be_v ⅛_n of_o a_o inch_n i._o be_v 1_o 12_o of_o a_o inch_n k._n be_v 1_o 16_o of_o a_o inch_n l._n be_v 1_o 24_o of_o a_o inch_n m._n be_v 1_o 34_o of_o a_o inch_n &c_n &c_n there_o may_v be_v add_v as_o many_o more_o as_o the_o experimenter_n shall_v think_v fit_a with_o hole_n continual_o decrease_v by_o know_a quantity_n so_o far_o as_o his_o sense_n be_v able_a to_o help_v he_o i_o say_v so_o far_o because_o there_o may_v be_v make_v pipe_n so_o small_a that_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a to_o
whether_o the_o globular_a form_n of_o the_o small_a parcel_n of_o matter_n here_o upon_o the_o earth_n as_o that_o of_o fruit_n pebble_n or_o flint_n etc._n etc._n which_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v a_o liquor_n at_o first_o may_v not_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o heterogeneous_a ambient_fw-la fluid_fw-la for_o thus_o we_o see_v that_o melt_a glass_n will_v be_v natural_o form_v into_o a_o round_a figure_n so_o likewise_o any_o small_a parcel_n of_o any_o fusible_a body_n if_o it_o be_v perfect_o enclose_v by_o the_o air_n will_v be_v drive_v into_o a_o globular_a form_n and_o when_o cold_a will_v be_v find_v a_o solid_a ball._n this_o be_v plain_o enough_o manifest_v to_o we_o by_o their_o way_n of_o make_v shoot_v with_o the_o drop_n of_o lead_n which_o be_v a_o very_a pretty_a curiosity_n and_o know_v but_o to_o a_o very_a few_o and_o have_v the_o liberty_n of_o publish_v it_o grant_v i_o by_o that_o eminent_a virtuoso_fw-la sir_n robert_n moray_n who_o bring_v in_o this_o account_n of_o it_o to_o the_o royal_a society_n i_o have_v here_o transcribe_v and_o insert_v to_o make_v small_a shot_n of_o different_a size_n communicate_v by_o his_o highness_n p._n r._n take_v lead_v out_o of_o the_o pig_n what_o quantity_n you_o please_v melt_v it_o down_o stir_v and_o clear_v it_o with_o a_o iron_n ladle_n gather_v together_o the_o blackish_a part_n that_o swim_v at_o top_n like_o scum_n and_o when_o you_o see_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o clear_a lead_n to_o be_v greenish_a but_o no_o soon_o strew_v upon_o it_o auripigmentum_fw-la powder_v according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o lead_n about_o as_o much_o as_o will_v lie_v upon_o a_o half_a crown_n piece_n will_v serve_v for_o eighteen_o or_o twenty_o pound_n weight_n of_o some_o sort_n of_o lead_n other_o will_v require_v more_o or_o less_o after_o the_o auripigmentum_n be_v put_v in_o stir_v the_o lead_n well_o and_o the_o auripigmentum_n will_v flame_v when_o the_o flame_n be_v over_o take_v out_o some_o of_o the_o lead_n in_o a_o ladle_n have_v a_o lip_n or_o notch_n in_o the_o brim_n for_o convenient_a pour_v out_o of_o the_o lead_n and_o be_v well_o warm_v among_o the_o melt_a lead_n and_o with_o a_o stick_n make_v some_o single_a drop_n of_o lead_n trickle_v out_o of_o the_o ladle_n into_o water_n in_o a_o glass_n which_o if_o they_o fall_v to_o be_v round_o and_o without_o tail_n there_o be_v auripigmentum_fw-la enough_o put_v in_o and_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o heat_n be_v right_a otherwise_o put_v in_o more_o then_o lay_v two_o bar_n of_o iron_n or_o some_o more_o proper_a iron-tool_n make_v on_o purpose_n upon_o a_o pail_n of_o water_n and_o place_n upon_o they_o a_o round_a plate_n of_o copper_n of_o the_o size_n and_o figure_n of_o a_o ordinary_a large_a pewter_n or_o silver_n trencher_n the_o hollow_a whereof_o be_v to_o be_v about_o three_o inch_n over_o the_o bottom_n low_o than_o the_o brim_n about_o half_a a_o inch_n pierce_v with_o thirty_o forty_o or_o more_o small_a hole_n the_o small_a the_o hole_n be_v the_o small_a the_o shot_n will_v be_v and_o the_o brim_n be_v to_o be_v thick_a than_o the_o bottom_n to_o conserve_v the_o heat_n the_o better_a the_o bottom_n of_o the_o trencher_n be_v some_o four_o inch_n distant_a frum_n the_o water_n in_o the_o pail_n lay_v upon_o it_o some_o burn_a coal_n to_o keep_v the_o lead_v melt_v upon_o it_o then_o with_o the_o hot_a ladle_n take_v lead_v off_o the_o pot_n where_o it_o stand_v melt_v and_o pour_v it_o soft_o upon_o the_o burn_a coal_n over_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o trencher_n and_o it_o will_v immediate_o run_v through_o the_o hole_n into_o the_o water_n in_o small_a round_a drop_n thus_o pour_v on_o new_a lead_n still_o as_o fast_o as_o it_o run_v through_o the_o trencher_n till_o all_o be_v do_v blow_v now_o and_o then_o the_o coal_n with_o hand-bellow_n when_o the_o lead_n in_o the_o trencher_n cool_v so_o as_o to_o stop_v from_o run_v whilst_o one_o pour_v on_o the_o lead_n another_o must_v with_o another_o ladle_n thru_v four_o or_o five_o inch_n under_o water_n in_o the_o pail_n catch_v from_o time_n to_o time_n some_o of_o the_o shot_n as_o it_o drop_v down_o to_o see_v the_o size_n of_o it_o and_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o fault_n in_o it_o the_o great_a care_n be_v to_o keep_v the_o lead_n upon_o the_o trencher_n in_o the_o right_a degree_n of_o heat_n if_o it_o be_v too_o cool_a it_o will_v not_o run_v through_o the_o trencher_n though_o it_o stand_v melt_v upon_o it_o and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v help_v by_o blow_v the_o coal_n a_o little_a or_o pour_v on_o new_a lead_n that_o be_v hot_a but_o the_o cool_a the_o lead_n the_o large_a the_o shot_n and_o the_o hot_a the_o small_a when_o it_o be_v too_o hot_a the_o drop_n will_v crack_v and_o fly_v than_o you_o must_v stop_v pour_v on_o new_a lead_n and_o let_v it_o cool_v and_o so_o long_o as_o you_o observe_v the_o right_a temper_n of_o the_o heat_n the_o lead_n will_v constant_o drop_v into_o very_o round_o shoot_v without_o so_o much_o as_o one_o with_o a_o tail_n in_o many_o pound_n when_o all_o be_v do_v take_v your_o shot_n out_o of_o the_o pail_n of_o water_n and_o put_v it_o in_o a_o frying-pan_n over_o the_o fire_n to_o dry_v they_o which_o must_v be_v do_v wary_o still_o shake_v they_o that_o they_o melt_v not_o and_o when_o they_o be_v dry_v you_o may_v separate_v the_o small_a from_o the_o great_a in_o pearl_n sives_z make_v of_o copper_n or_o latin_n let_v into_o one_o another_o into_z as_o many_o size_n as_o you_o please_v but_o if_o you_o will_v have_v your_o shot_n large_a than_o the_o trencher_n make_v they_o you_o may_v do_v it_o with_o a_o stick_n make_v they_o trickle_v out_o of_o the_o ladle_n as_o have_v be_v say_v if_o the_o trencher_n be_v but_o touch_v a_o very_a little_a when_o the_o lead_n stop_v from_o go_v through_o it_o and_o be_v not_o too_o cool_a it_o will_v drop_v again_o but_o it_o be_v better_a not_o to_o touch_v it_o at_o all_o at_o the_o melt_a of_o the_o lead_n take_v care_n that_o there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o oil_n grease_n or_o the_o like_a upon_o the_o pot_n or_o ladle_n or_o trencher_n the_o chief_a cause_n of_o this_o globular_a figure_n of_o the_o shot_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o auripigmentum_fw-la for_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v put_v in_o among_o the_o melt_a lead_n it_o lose_v its_o shine_a brightness_n contract_v instant_o a_o grayish_a film_n or_o skin_n upon_o it_o when_o you_o scum_v it_o to_o make_v it_o clean_o with_o the_o ladle_n so_o that_o when_o the_o air_n come_v at_o the_o fall_a drop_n of_o the_o melt_a lead_n that_o skin_n constrict_v they_o every_o where_o equal_o but_o upon_o what_o account_n and_o whether_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n be_v leave_v to_o further_a disquisition_n much_o after_o this_o same_o manner_n when_o the_o air_n be_v exceed_o cold_a through_o which_o it_o pass_v do_v we_o find_v the_o drop_n of_o rain_n fall_v from_o the_o cloud_n congeal_v into_o round_a hailstone_n by_o the_o freeze_a ambient_fw-la to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v this_o other_o know_v experiment_n that_o if_o you_o gentle_o let_v fall_v a_o drop_n of_o water_n upon_o small_a sand_n or_o dust_n you_o shall_v find_v as_o it_o be_v a_o artificial_a round_a stone_n quick_o generate_v i_o can_v upon_o this_o occasion_n omit_v the_o mention_v of_o the_o strange_a kind_n of_o grain_n which_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o a_o stone_n bring_v from_o kettering_n in_o northamptonshire_n and_o therefore_o call_v by_o mason_n kettering-stone_n of_o which_o see_v the_o description_n which_o bring_v into_o my_o mind_n what_o i_o long_o since_o observe_v in_o the_o fiery_a spark_n that_o be_v strike_v out_o of_o a_o steel_n for_o have_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o see_v what_o be_v leave_v behind_o after_o the_o spark_n be_v go_v out_o i_o purposely_o strike_v fire_n over_o a_o very_a white_a piece_n of_o paper_n and_o observe_v diligent_o where_o some_o conspicuous_a spark_n go_v out_o i_o find_v a_o very_a little_a black_a spot_n no_o big_a than_o the_o point_n of_o a_o pin_n which_o through_o a_o microscope_n appear_v to_o be_v a_o perfect_o round_a ball_n look_v much_o like_o a_o polish_a ball_n of_o steel_n insomuch_o that_o i_o be_v able_a to_o see_v the_o image_n of_o the_o window_n reflect_v from_o it_o i_o can_v here_o stay_v have_v do_v it_o more_o full_o in_o another_o place_n to_o examine_v the_o particular_a reason_n of_o it_o but_o shall_v only_a hint_n that_o i_o imagine_v it_o to_o be_v some_o small_a parcel_n of_o the_o steel_n which_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o stroke_n most_o of_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v impress_v upon_o
fluid_fw-la to_o it_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v also_o the_o congruity_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o contain_v fluid_a one_o with_o another_o and_o this_o congruity_n that_o i_o may_v here_o a_o little_a further_o explain_v it_o be_v both_o a_o tenaceous_a and_o a_o attractive_a power_n for_o the_o congruity_n in_o the_o vibrative_a motion_n may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o attraction_n not_o only_o electrical_a but_o magnetical_a also_o and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v also_o of_o tenacity_n and_o glutinousness_n for_o from_o a_o perfect_a congruity_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o two_o distant_a body_n the_o intermediate_v fluid_a particle_n be_v separate_v and_o drive_v away_o from_o between_o they_o and_o thereby_o those_o congruous_a body_n be_v by_o the_o encompass_v medium_n compel_v and_o force_v near_o together_o wherefore_o that_o attractiveness_n must_v needs_o be_v strong_a when_o by_o a_o immediate_a contact_n they_o be_v force_v to_o be_v exact_o the_o same_o as_o i_o show_v more_o at_o large_a in_o my_o theory_n of_o the_o magnet_n and_o this_o hint_n to_o i_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o suspension_n of_o the_o mercury_n many_o inch_n nay_o many_o foot_n above_o the_o usual_a station_n of_o 30_o inch_n for_o the_o part_n of_o quicksilver_n be_v so_o very_o similar_v and_o congruous_a to_o each_o other_o if_o once_o unite_v will_v not_o easy_o suffer_v a_o divulsion_n and_o the_o part_n of_o water_n that_o be_v any_o way_n heterogeneous_a be_v by_o exantlation_n or_o rarefaction_n exhaust_v the_o remain_a part_n be_v also_o very_o similar_v will_v not_o easy_o part_v neither_o and_o the_o part_n of_o the_o glass_n be_v solid_a be_v more_o difficulty_n disjoin_v and_o the_o water_n be_v somewhat_o similar_v to_o both_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o medium_n to_o unite_v both_o the_o glass_n and_o the_o mercury_n together_o so_o that_o all_o three_o be_v unite_v and_o not_o very_o dissimilar_v by_o mean_n of_o this_o contact_n if_o care_n be_v take_v that_o the_o tube_n in_o erect_v be_v not_o shog_v the_o quicksilver_n will_v remain_v suspend_v notwithstanding_o its_o contrary_a endeavour_n of_o gravity_n a_o great_a height_n above_o its_o ordinary_a station_n but_o if_o this_o immediate_a contact_n be_v remove_v either_o by_o a_o mere_a separation_n of_o they_o one_o from_o another_o by_o the_o force_n of_o a_o shog_v whereby_o the_o other_o become_v embody_a between_o they_o and_o lick_v up_o from_o the_o surface_n some_o agile_a part_n and_o so_o hurl_v they_o make_v they_o air_n or_o else_o by_o some_o small_a heterogeneous_a agile_a part_n of_o the_o water_n or_o air_n or_o quicksilver_n which_o appear_v like_o a_o bubble_n and_o by_o its_o jumble_v to_o and_o fro_o there_o be_v make_v way_n for_o the_o heterogeneous_a aether_n to_o obtrude_v itself_o between_o the_o glass_n and_o either_o of_o the_o other_o fluid_n the_o gravity_n of_o mercury_n precipitate_v it_o downward_o with_o very_o great_a violence_n and_o if_o the_o vessel_n that_o hold_v the_o restagnate_a mercury_n be_v convenient_a the_o mercury_n will_v for_o a_o time_n vibrate_v to_o and_o fro_o with_o very_o large_a reciprocation_n and_o at_o last_o will_v remain_v keep_v up_o by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_a air_n at_o the_o height_n of_o near_a thirty_o inch_n and_o whereas_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o it_o can_v be_v that_o the_o mere_a imbody_v of_o the_o aether_n between_o these_o body_n can_v be_v the_o cause_n since_o the_o aether_n have_v a_o free_a passage_n always_o both_o through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o through_o those_o of_o the_o fluid_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o it_o shall_v not_o make_v a_o separation_n at_o all_o time_n whilst_o it_o remain_v suspend_v as_o when_o it_o be_v violent_o disjoined_n by_o a_o shog_v to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o though_o the_o aether_n pass_v between_o the_o particle_n that_o be_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o body_n so_o as_o that_o any_o chasm_n or_o separation_n be_v make_v it_o have_v infinite_a passage_n to_o admit_v its_o entry_n into_o it_o yet_o such_o be_v the_o tenacity_n or_o attractive_a virtue_n of_o congruity_n that_o till_o it_o be_v overcome_v by_o the_o mere_a strength_n of_o gravity_n or_o by_o a_o shog_v assist_v that_o conatus_fw-la of_o gravity_n or_o by_o a_o agile_a particle_n that_o be_v like_o a_o leaver_n agitate_a by_o the_o aether_n and_o thereby_o the_o part_n of_o the_o congruous_a substance_n be_v separate_v so_o far_o asunder_o that_o the_o strength_n of_o congruity_n be_v so_o far_o weaken_v as_o not_o to_o be_v able_a to_o reunite_v they_o the_o part_n to_o be_v take_v hold_v of_o be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o attractive_a sphere_n as_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v of_o the_o congruity_n such_o i_o say_v be_v the_o tenacity_n of_o congruity_n that_o it_o retain_v and_o hold_v the_o almost_o contiguous_a particle_n of_o the_o fluid_a and_o suffer_v they_o not_o to_o be_v separate_v till_o by_o mere_a force_n that_o attractive_a or_o retentive_a faculty_n be_v overcome_v but_o the_o separation_n be_v once_o make_v beyond_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o attractive_a activity_n of_o congruity_n that_o virtue_n become_v of_o no_o effect_n at_o all_o but_o the_o mercury_n free_o fall_v downward_o till_o it_o meet_v with_o a_o resistance_n from_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n able_a to_o resist_v its_o gravity_n and_o keep_v it_o force_v up_o in_o the_o pipe_n to_o the_o height_n of_o about_o thirty_o inch_n thus_o have_v i_o gentle_o raise_v a_o steel_n pendulum_fw-la by_o a_o loadstone_n to_o a_o great_a angle_n till_o by_o the_o shake_n of_o my_o hand_n i_o have_v chance_v to_o make_v a_o separation_n between_o they_o which_o be_v no_o soon_o make_v but_o as_o if_o the_o loadstone_n have_v retain_v no_o attractive_a virtue_n the_o pendulum_n move_v free_o from_o it_o towards_o the_o other_o side_n so_o vast_a a_o difference_n be_v there_o between_o the_o attractive_a virtue_n of_o the_o magnet_n when_o it_o act_v upon_o a_o contiguous_a and_o upon_o a_o disjoined_a body_n and_o much_o more_o must_v there_o be_v between_o the_o attractive_a virtue_n of_o congruity_n upon_o a_o contiguous_a and_o disjoined_a body_n and_o in_o truth_n the_o attractive_a virtue_n be_v so_o little_a upon_o a_o body_n disjoin_v that_o though_o i_o have_v with_o a_o microscope_n observe_v very_o diligent_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o extraordinary_a protuberance_n on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o drop_n of_o water_n that_o be_v exceed_v near_o to_o the_o end_n of_o a_o green_a stick_n but_o do_v not_o touch_v it_o i_o can_v not_o perceive_v the_o least_o though_o i_o find_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o it_o touch_v it_o the_o whole_a drop_n will_v present_o unite_v itself_o with_o it_o so_o that_o it_o seem_v a_o absolute_a contact_n be_v requisite_a to_o the_o exercise_v of_o the_o tenacious_a faculty_n of_o congruity_n obseru._n vii_o of_o some_o phaenomena_n of_o glass_n drop_n these_o glass_n drop_v be_v small_a ●parcels_n of_o coarse_a green_a glass_n take_v out_o of_o the_o pot_n that_o contain_v the_o metal_n as_o they_o call_v it_o in_o fusion_n upon_o the_o end_n of_o a_o iron_n pipe_n and_o be_v exceed_o hot_a and_o thereby_o of_o a_o kind_n of_o sluggish_a fluid_a consistence_n be_v suffer_v to_o drop_v from_o thence_o into_o a_o bucket_n of_o cold_a water_n and_o in_o it_o to_o lie_v till_o they_o be_v grow_v sensible_o cold_a some_o of_o these_o i_o break_v in_o the_o open_a air_n by_o snap_v off_o a_o little_a of_o the_o small_a stem_n with_o my_o finger_n other_o by_o crush_a it_o with_o a_o small_a pair_n of_o plyer_n which_o i_o have_v no_o soon_o do_v than_o the_o whole_a bulk_n of_o the_o drop_n fly_v violent_o with_o a_o very_a brisk_a noise_n into_o multitude_n of_o small_a piece_n some_o of_o which_o be_v as_o small_a as_o dust_n though_o in_o some_o there_o be_v remain_v piece_n pretty_a large_a without_o any_o flaw_n at_o all_o and_o other_o very_o much_o flaw_v which_o by_o rub_v between_o one_o finger_n be_v easy_o reduce_v to_o dust_n these_o disperse_v every_o way_n so_o violent_o that_o some_o of_o they_o pierce_v my_o skin_n i_o can_v not_o find_v either_o with_o my_o naked_a eye_n or_o a_o microscope_n that_o any_o of_o the_o break_a piece_n be_v of_o a_o regular_a figure_n nor_o any_o one_o like_o another_o but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n those_o that_o flaw_v off_o in_o large_a piece_n be_v pretty_o branch_v the_o end_n of_o other_o of_o these_o drop_n i_o nip_v off_o whilst_o all_o the_o body_n and_o end_n of_o they_o lie_v bury_v under_o the_o water_n which_o like_o the_o former_a fly_v all_o to_o piece_n with_o as_o brisk_a a_o noise_n and_o as_o strong_a a_o motion_n other_o of_o these_o i_o try_v to_o break_v by_o
much_o big_a than_o real_o they_o be_v and_o this_o may_v be_v in_o good_a part_n remove_v by_o put_v the_o drop_n under_o the_o surface_n of_o clear_a water_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v most_o part_n of_o the_o refraction_n of_o the_o convex_a surface_n of_o the_o drop_n be_v destroy_v and_o the_o bubble_n will_v appear_v much_o small_a and_o this_o by_o the_o by_o mind_v i_o of_o the_o appear_a magnitude_n of_o the_o aperture_n of_o the_o iris_fw-la or_o pupil_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o though_o it_o appear_v and_o be_v therefore_o judge_v very_o large_a be_v yet_o not_o above_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o bigness_n it_o appear_v of_o by_o the_o lenticular_a refraction_n of_o the_o cornea_n the_o cause_n of_o all_o which_o phaenomena_n i_o imagine_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o this_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o glass_n be_v by_o the_o excessive_a heat_n of_o the_o fire_n keep_v off_o and_o separate_v one_o from_o another_o and_o thereby_o put_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o sluggish_a fluid_a consistence_n be_v suffer_v to_o drop_v off_o with_o that_o heat_n or_o agitation_n remain_v in_o they_o into_o cold_a water_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o outside_n of_o the_o drop_n be_v present_o cool_v and_o crust_v and_o be_v thereby_o make_v of_o a_o loose_a texture_n because_o the_o part_n of_o it_o have_v not_o time_n to_o settle_v themselves_o leisurely_o together_o and_o so_o to_o lie_v very_o close_o together_o and_o the_o innermost_a part_n of_o the_o drop_n retain_v still_o much_o of_o their_o former_a heat_n and_o agitation_n remain_v of_o a_o loose_a texture_n also_o and_o according_a as_o the_o cold_a strike_v inward_o from_o the_o bottom_n and_o side_n be_v quench_v as_o it_o be_v and_o make_v rigid_a in_o that_o very_a posture_n wherein_o the_o cold_a find_v they_o for_o the_o part_n of_o the_o crust_n be_v already_o harden_v will_v not_o suffer_v the_o part_n to_o shrink_v any_o more_o from_o the_o outward_a surface_n inward_a and_o though_o it_o shrink_v a_o little_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o small_a parcel_n of_o some_o aerial_a substance_n disperse_v through_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o glass_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o near_o so_o much_o as_o it_o appear_v as_o i_o just_a now_o hint_v nor_o if_o it_o be_v will_v it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o to_o consolidate_v and_o condense_a the_o body_n of_o glass_n into_o a_o tough_a and_o close_a texture_n after_o it_o have_v be_v so_o excessive_o rarify_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o glass-furnace_n but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v such_o a_o expansion_n of_o the_o aerial_a substance_n contain_v in_o those_o little_a blebb_n or_o bubble_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o drop_n this_o follow_a experiment_n will_v make_v more_o evident_a take_v a_o small_a glass-cane_n about_o a_o foot_n long_o seal_v up_o one_o end_n of_o it_o hermetical_o then_o put_v in_o a_o very_a small_a bubble_n of_o glass_n almost_o of_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o essence-viol_n with_o the_o open_a mouth_n towards_o the_o seal_a end_n then_o draw_v out_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o pipe_n very_o small_a and_o fill_v the_o whole_a cylinder_n with_o water_n than_o set_v this_o tube_n by_o the_o fire_n till_o the_o water_n begin_v to_o boil_v and_o the_o air_n in_o the_o bubble_n be_v in_o good_a part_n rarify_v and_o drive_v out_o then_o by_o suck_v at_o the_o small_a pipe_n more_o of_o the_o air_n or_o vapour_n in_o the_o bubble_n may_v be_v suck_v out_o so_o that_o it_o may_v sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n when_o it_o be_v sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n in_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n or_o lamp_n nip_v up_o the_o slender_a pipe_n and_o let_v it_o cool_v whereupon_o it_o be_v obvious_a to_o observe_v first_o that_o the_o water_n by_o degree_n will_v subside_o and_o shrink_v into_o much_o less_o room_n next_o that_o the_o air_n or_o vapour_n in_o the_o glass_n will_v expand_v themselves_o so_o as_o to_o buoy_v up_o the_o little_a glass_n three_o that_o all_o about_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o glass-pipe_n there_o will_v appear_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o small_a bubble_n which_o as_o the_o water_n grow_v cold_a and_o cold_a will_v swell_v big_a and_o big_a and_o many_o of_o they_o buoy_v themselves_o up_o and_o break_v at_o the_o top_n from_o this_o discede_a of_o the_o heat_n in_o glass_n drop_n that_o be_v by_o the_o quench_n or_o cool_a irradiation_n propagate_v from_o the_o surface_n upward_o and_o inward_o by_o the_o line_n et_fw-la et_fw-la dt_n de_fw-fr etc._n etc._n the_o bubble_n in_o the_o drop_n have_v room_n to_o expand_v themselves_o a_o little_a and_o the_o part_n of_o the_o glass_n contract_v themselves_o but_o this_o operation_n be_v too_o quick_a for_o the_o sluggish_a part_n of_o the_o glass_n the_o contraction_n be_v perform_v very_o unequal_o and_o irregular_o and_o thereby_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o glass_n be_v bend_v some_o one_o way_n and_o some_o another_o yet_o so_o as_o that_o most_o of_o they_o draw_v towards_o the_o pith_n or_o middle_n teee_o or_o rather_o from_o that_o outward_a so_o that_o they_o can_v extricate_v or_o unbend_v themselves_o till_o some_o part_n of_o teee_o be_v break_v and_o loosen_a for_o all_o the_o part_n about_o that_o be_v place_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o arch_n and_o so_o till_o their_o hold_n at_o teee_o be_v loosen_v they_o can_v fly_v asunder_o but_o uphold_v and_o shelter_n and_o fix_v each_o other_o much_o like_o the_o stone_n in_o a_o vault_n where_o each_o stone_n do_v concur_v to_o the_o stability_n of_o the_o whole_a fabric_n and_o no_o one_o stone_n can_v be_v take_v away_o but_o the_o whole_a arch_n fall_v and_o wheresoever_o any_o of_o those_o radiate_a wedge_n dtd_v etc._n etc._n be_v remove_v which_o be_v the_o component_a part_n of_o this_o arch_n the_o whole_a fabric_n present_o fall_v to_o piece_n for_o all_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o several_a part_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n which_o immediate_o extricate_v themselves_o and_o fly_v asunder_o every_o way_n each_o part_n by_o its_o spring_n contribute_v to_o the_o dart_v of_o itself_o and_o some_o other_o contiguous_a part_n but_o if_o this_o drop_n be_v heat_n so_o hot_a as_o that_o the_o part_n by_o degree_n can_v unbend_v themselves_o and_o be_v settle_v and_o anneal_v in_o that_o posture_n and_o be_v then_o suffer_v gentle_o to_o subside_n and_o cool_v the_o part_n by_o this_o neal_n lose_v their_o springiness_n constitute_v a_o drop_n of_o a_o more_o soft_a but_o less_o brittle_a texture_n and_o the_o part_n be_v not_o at_o all_o under_o a_o flexure_n though_o any_o part_n of_o the_o middle_n or_o pith_n teee_o be_v break_v yet_o will_v not_o the_o drop_n at_o all_o fly_n to_o piece_n as_o before_o this_o conjecture_n of_o i_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o make_v out_o by_o explain_v each_o particular_a assertion_n with_o analogous_a experiment_n the_o assertion_n be_v these_o first_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o glass_n whilst_o in_o a_o fluid_a consistence_n and_o hot_a be_v more_o rarify_v or_o take_v up_o more_o room_n then_o when_o hard_a and_o cold_a second_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o drop_n do_v suffer_v a_o twofold_a contraction_n three_o that_o the_o drop_a or_o quench_v the_o glow_a metal_n in_o the_o water_n make_v it_o of_o a_o hard_a spring_a and_o rarefy_v texture_n four_o that_o there_o be_v a_o flexion_n or_o force_n remain_v upon_o the_o part_n of_o the_o glass_n thus_o quench_v from_o which_o they_o endeavour_v to_o extricate_v themselves_o five_o that_o the_o fabric_n of_o the_o drop_n that_o be_v able_a to_o hinder_v the_o part_n from_o extricate_a themselves_o be_v analogus_fw-la to_o that_o of_o a_o archippus_n six_o that_o the_o sudden_a fly_v asunder_o of_o the_o part_n proceed_v from_o their_o springiness_n seven_o that_o a_o gradual_a heat_n and_o cool_a do_v anneal_a or_o reduce_v the_o part_n of_o glass_n to_o a_o texture_n that_o be_v more_o loose_a and_o easy_o to_o be_v break_v but_o not_o so_o brittle_a that_o the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v true_a may_v be_v gather_v from_o this_o that_o heat_n be_v a_o property_n of_o a_o body_n arise_v from_o the_o motion_n or_o agitation_n of_o its_o part_n and_o therefore_o whatever_o body_n be_v thereby_o touch_v must_v necessary_o receive_v some_o part_n of_o that_o motion_n whereby_o its_o part_n will_v be_v shake_v and_o agitate_a and_o so_o by_o degree_n free_a and_o extricate_v themselves_o from_o one_o another_o and_o each_o part_n so_o move_v do_v by_o that_o motion_n exert_v a_o conatus_fw-la of_o protrude_a and_o displace_v all_o the_o adjacent_a particle_n thus_o air_n include_v in_o a_o vessel_n by_o be_v heat_v will_v burst_v it_o to_o piece_n thus_o have_v i_o break_v a_o bladder_n hold_v over_o the_o fire_n in_o my_o hand_n with_o such_o a_o violence_n and_o noise_n
body_n much_o like_o those_o of_o roch-peter_n that_o they_o cross_v each_o other_o usual_o without_o any_o kind_n of_o order_n or_o rule_v that_o they_o be_v always_o a_o little_a high_o than_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n that_o lie_v between_o they_o that_o by_o degree_n those_o interjacent_a space_n will_v be_v fill_v with_o ice_n also_o which_o usual_o will_v be_v as_o high_a as_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o rest_n schem_n i●_n the_o cause_n of_o all_o which_o regular_a figure_n and_o of_o hundred_o of_o other_o namely_o of_o salt_n mineral_n metal_n etc._n etc._n which_o i_o can_v have_v here_o insert_v will_v it_o not_o have_v be_v too_o long_o seem_v to_o be_v deducible_a from_o the_o same_o principle_n which_o i_o have_v in_o the_o 13._o observation_n hint_v only_o have_v not_o yet_o have_v time_n to_o complete_a a_o theory_n of_o they_o but_o indeed_o which_o i_o there_o also_o hint_v i_o judge_v it_o the_o second_o step_n by_o which_o the_o pyramid_n of_o natural_a knowledge_n which_o be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o form_n of_o body_n be_v to_o be_v ascend_v and_o whosoever_o will_v climb_v it_o must_v be_v well_o furnish_v with_o that_o which_o the_o noble_a verulam_n call_v scalam_fw-la intellectus_fw-la he_o must_v have_v scale_a ladder_n otherwise_o the_o step_n be_v so_o large_a and_o high_a there_o will_v be_v no_o get_n up_o they_o and_o consequent_o little_a hope_n of_o attain_v any_o high_a station_n such_o as_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o most_o simple_a principle_n of_o vegetation_n manifest_v in_o mould_n and_o mushroom_n which_o as_o i_o elsewhere_o endeavour_v to_o show_v seem_v to_o be_v the_o three_o step_n for_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o the_o intellect_n of_o man_n be_v like_o his_o body_n destitute_a of_o wing_n and_o can_v move_v from_o a_o low_a to_o a_o high_a and_o more_o sublime_a station_n of_o knowledge_n otherwise_o then_o step_v by_o step_n nay_o even_o there_o where_o the_o way_n be_v prepare_v and_o already_o make_v passable_a as_o in_o the_o element_n of_o geometry_n or_o the_o like_a where_o it_o be_v fain_o to_o climb_v a_o whole_a series_n of_o proposition_n by_o degree_n before_o it_o attain_v the_o knowledge_n of_o one_o problem_n but_o if_o the_o ascent_n be_v high_a difficult_a and_o above_o its_o reach_n it_o must_v have_v recourse_n to_o a_o novum_fw-la organum_fw-la some_o new_a engine_n and_o contrivance_n some_o new_a kind_n of_o algebra_n or_o analytick_a art_n before_o it_o can_v surmount_v it_o obseru._n xv._n of_o kettering-stone_n and_o of_o the_o pore_n of_o inanimate_a body_n this_o stone_n which_o be_v bring_v from_o kettering_n in_o northamptonshire_n 1._o and_o dig_v out_o of_o a_o quarry_n as_o i_o be_o inform_v have_v a_o grain_n altogether_o admirable_a nor_o have_v i_o ever_o see_v or_o hear_v of_o any_o other_o stone_n that_o have_v the_o like_a it_o be_v make_v up_o of_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o small_a body_n not_o all_o of_o the_o same_o cize_a or_o shape_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n not_o much_o differ_v from_o a_o globular_a form_n nor_o exceed_v they_o one_o another_o in_o diameter_n above_o three_o or_o four_o time_n they_o appear_v to_o the_o eye_n like_o the_o cobb_n or_o ovary_n of_o a_o herring_n or_o some_o small_a fish_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o particle_n seem_v somewhat_o less_o and_o not_o so_o uniform_a but_o their_o variation_n from_o a_o perfect_a globular_a ball_n seem_v to_o be_v only_o by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o contiguous_a ball_n which_o have_v a_o little_a depress_v and_o protrude_v those_o touch_v side_n inward_a and_o force_v the_o other_o side_n as_o much_o outward_n beyond_o the_o limit_n of_o a_o globe_n just_a as_o it_o will_v happen_v if_o a_o heap_n of_o exact_o round_a ball_n of_o soft_a clay_n be_v heap_v upon_o one_o another_o or_o as_o i_o have_v often_o see_v a_o heap_n of_o small_a globule_n of_o quicksilver_n reduce_v to_o that_o form_n by_o rub_v it_o much_o in_o a_o glaze_v vessel_n with_o some_o slimy_a or_o sluggish_a liquor_n such_o as_o hospital_n when_o though_o the_o top_n of_o the_o upper_a globule_n be_v very_o near_o spherical_a yet_o those_o that_o be_v press_v upon_o by_o other_o exact_o imitate_v the_o form_n of_o these_o late_o mention_v grain_n where_o these_o grain_n touch_v each_o other_o they_o be_v so_o firm_o unite_v or_o settle_v together_o that_o they_o seldom_o part_v without_o break_v a_o hole_n in_o one_o or_o the_o other_a of_o they_o such_o as_o a_o a_o a_o b_o c_o c_o etc._n etc._n some_o of_o which_o fraction_n as_o a_o a_o a_o a_o where_o the_o touch_n have_v be_v but_o light_n break_v no_o more_o than_o the_o outward_a crust_n or_o first_o shell_n of_o the_o stone_n which_o be_v of_o a_o white_a colour_n a_o little_a dash_v with_o a_o brownish_a yellow_n and_o be_v very_o thin_a like_o the_o shell_n of_o a_o egg_n and_o i_o have_v see_v some_o of_o those_o grain_n perfect_o resemble_v some_o kind_n of_o egg_n both_o in_o colour_n and_o shape_n but_o where_o the_o union_n of_o the_o contiguous_a granule_n have_v be_v more_o firm_a there_o the_o divulsion_n have_v make_v a_o great_a chasm_n as_o at_o b_o b_o b_o in_o so_o much_o that_o i_o have_v observe_v some_o of_o they_o quite_o break_v in_o two_o as_o at_o c_o c_o c_o which_o have_v discover_v to_o i_o a_o further_a resemblance_n they_o have_v to_o egg_n they_o have_v a_o appearance_n of_o a_o white_a and_o yelk_n by_o two_o differ_a substance_n that_o envelope_v and_o encompass_v each_o other_o that_o which_o we_o may_v call_v the_o white_a be_v pretty_a whitish_a near_o the_o yelk_n but_o more_o dusky_a towards_o the_o shell_n some_o of_o they_o i_o can_v plain_o perceive_v to_o be_v shoot_v or_o radiate_v like_o a_o pyrite_n or_o firestone_n the_o yelk_n in_o some_o i_o see_v hollow_a in_o other_o fill_v with_o a_o dusky_a brown_a and_o porous_a substance_n like_o a_o kind_n of_o pith_n the_o small_a pore_n or_o interstitia_fw-la e_o e_o e_o e_o betwixt_o the_o globule_n i_o plain_o see_v and_o find_v by_o other_o trial_n to_o be_v every_o way_n pervious_a to_o air_n and_o water_n for_o i_o can_v blow_v through_o a_o piece_n of_o this_o stone_n of_o a_o considerable_a thickness_n as_o easy_o as_o i_o have_v blow_v through_o a_o cane_n which_o mind_v i_o of_o the_o pore_n which_o des_n cartes_n allow_v his_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la between_o the_o aethereal_a globule_n the_o object_n through_o the_o microscope_n appear_v like_o a_o congery_n or_o heap_n of_o pebble_n such_o as_o i_o have_v often_o see_v cast_v up_o on_o the_o shore_n by_o the_o work_n of_o the_o sea_n after_o a_o great_a storm_n or_o like_v in_o shape_n though_o not_o colour_n a_o company_n of_o small_a globule_n of_o quicksilver_n look_v on_o with_o a_o microscope_n when_o reduce_v into_o that_o form_n by_o the_o way_n late_o mention_v and_o perhaps_o this_o last_o may_v give_v some_o hint_n at_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o formation_n of_o the_o former_a for_o suppose_v some_o lapidescent_n substance_n to_o be_v generate_v or_o some_o way_n bring_v either_o by_o some_o commixture_n of_o body_n in_o the_o sea_n itself_o or_o protrude_v in_o perhaps_o out_o of_o some_o subterraneous_a cavern_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o there_o remain_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o liquor_n like_o quicksilver_n heterogeneous_a to_o the_o ambient_fw-la saline_n fluid_fw-la it_o may_v by_o the_o work_n and_o tumbling_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o and_o fro_o be_v jumble_v and_o comminute_v into_o such_o globule_n as_o may_v afterward_o be_v harden_v into_o flint_n the_o lie_v of_o which_o one_o upon_o another_o when_o in_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o very_o hard_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o encompass_v fluid_a may_v cause_v the_o undermost_a to_o be_v a_o little_a though_o not_o much_o vary_v from_o a_o globular_a figure_n but_o this_o only_a by_o the_o by_o after_o what_o manner_n this_o kettering-stone_n shall_v be_v generate_v i_o can_v learn_v have_v never_o be_v there_o to_o view_v the_o place_n and_o observe_v the_o circumstance_n but_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o from_o the_o structure_n of_o it_o to_o be_v generate_v from_o some_o substance_n once_o more_o fluid_a and_o afterward_o by_o degree_n grow_v hard_o almost_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o i_o suppose_v the_o generation_n of_o flint_n to_o be_v make_v but_o whatever_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o curious_a texture_n we_o may_v learn_v this_o information_n from_o it_o that_o even_o in_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o account_v vile_a rude_a and_o course_n nature_n have_v not_o be_v want_v to_o show_v abundance_n of_o curiosity_n and_o excellent_a mechanism_n we_o may_v here_o find_v a_o stone_n by_o help_n of_o a_o microscope_n
there_o very_a much_o condense_v and_o consequent_o press_v very_o strong_o to_o get_v a_o passage_n out_o without_o suffer_v the_o least_o bubble_n to_o pass_v through_o its_o substance_n for_o as_o to_o the_o first_o since_o our_o microscope_n inform_v we_o that_o the_o substance_n of_o cork_n be_v altogether_o fill_v with_o air_n and_o that_o that_o air_n be_v perfect_o enclose_v in_o little_a box_n or_o cell_n distinct_a from_o one_o another_o it_o seem_v very_o plain_a why_o neither_o the_o water_n nor_o any_o other_o air_n can_v easy_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o they_o since_o there_o be_v already_o within_o they_o a_o intus_fw-la existens_fw-la and_o consequent_o why_o the_o piece_n of_o cork_n become_v so_o good_a float_n for_o net_n and_o stopple_v for_o viol_n or_o other_o close_a vessel_n and_o three_o if_o we_o inquire_v why_o cork_n have_v such_o a_o springiness_n and_o swell_a nature_n whem_o compress_v and_o how_o it_o come_v to_o suffer_v so_o great_a a_o compression_n or_o seem_a penetration_n of_o dimension_n so_o as_o to_o be_v make_v a_o substance_n as_o heavy_a again_o and_o more_o bulk_n for_o bulk_n as_o it_o be_v before_o compression_n and_o yet_o suffer_v to_o return_v be_v find_v to_o extend_v itself_o again_o into_o the_o same_o space_n our_o microscope_n will_v easy_o inform_v we_o that_o the_o whole_a mass_n consist_v of_o a_o infinite_a company_n of_o small_a box_n or_o bladder_n of_o air_n which_o be_v a_o substance_n of_o a_o springy_a nature_n and_o that_o will_v suffer_v a_o considerable_a condensation_n as_o i_o have_v several_a time_n find_v by_o divers_a trial_n by_o which_o i_o have_v most_o evident_o condense_v it_o into_o less_o than_o a_o twenty_o part_n of_o its_o usual_a dimension_n near_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o with_o no_o other_o strength_n then_o that_o of_o my_o hand_n without_o any_o kind_n of_o force_v engine_n such_o as_o rack_n lever_n wheel_n pulley_n or_o the_o like_a but_o this_o only_a by_o and_o by_o and_o beside_o it_o seem_v very_o probable_a that_o those_o very_a film_n or_o side_n of_o the_o pore_n have_v in_o they_o a_o spring_a quality_n as_o almost_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o vegetable_a substance_n have_v so_o as_o to_o help_v to_o restore_v themselves_o to_o their_o former_a position_n and_o can_v we_o so_o easy_o and_o certain_o discover_v the_o schematisme_n and_o texture_n even_o of_o these_o film_n and_o of_o several_a other_o body_n as_o we_o can_v these_o of_o cork_n there_o seem_v no_o probable_a reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a but_o that_o we_o may_v as_o ready_o render_v the_o true_a reason_n of_o all_o their_o phaenomena_n as_o namely_o what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o springiness_n and_o toughness_n of_o some_o both_o as_o to_o their_o flexibility_n and_o restitution_n what_o of_o the_o friability_n or_o brittleness_n of_o some_o other_o and_o the_o like_a but_o till_o such_o time_n as_o our_o microscope_n or_o some_o other_o mean_n enable_v we_o to_o discover_v the_o true_a schematism_n and_o texture_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o body_n we_o must_v grope_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o dark_a and_o only_o guess_v at_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o thing_n by_o similitude_n and_o comparison_n schem_n xi_o to_o proceed_v then_o cork_n seem_v to_o be_v by_o the_o transverse_a constitution_n of_o the_o pore_n a_o kind_n of_o fungus_n or_o mushroom_n for_o the_o pore_n lie_v like_o so_o many_o ray_n tend_v from_o the_o centre_n or_o pith_n of_o the_o tree_n outward_o so_o that_o if_o you_o cut_v off_o a_o piece_n from_o a_o board_n of_o cork_n transvers_o to_o the_o flat_a of_o it_o you_o will_v as_o it_o be_v split_v the_o pore_n and_o they_o will_v appear_v just_a as_o they_o be_v express_v in_o the_o figure_n b_o of_o the_o xi_o scheme_n but_o if_o you_o shave_v off_o a_o very_a thin_a piece_n from_o this_o board_n parallel_n to_o the_o plain_a of_o it_o you_o will_v cut_v all_o the_o pore_n transvers_o and_o they_o will_v appear_v almost_o as_o they_o be_v express_v in_o the_o figure_n a_o save_v only_o the_o solid_a interstitia_fw-la will_v not_o appear_v so_o thick_a as_o they_o be_v there_o represent_v so_o that_o cork_n seem_v to_o suck_v its_o nourishment_n from_o the_o subjacent_a bark_n of_o the_o tree_n immediate_o and_o to_o be_v a_o kind_a excrescence_n or_o a_o substance_n distinct_a from_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o entire_a tree_n something_o analogus_fw-la to_o the_o mushroom_n or_o moss_n on_o other_o tree_n or_o to_o the_o hair_n on_o animal_n and_o have_v inquire_v into_o the_o history_n of_o cork_n i_o find_v it_o reckon_v as_o a_o excrescency_n of_o the_o bark_n of_o a_o certain_a tree_n which_o be_v distinct_a from_o the_o two_o bark_n that_o lie_v within_o it_o which_o be_v common_a also_o to_o other_o tree_n that_o it_o be_v some_o time_n before_o the_o cork_n that_o cover_v the_o young_a and_o tender_a sprout_n come_v to_o be_v discernible_a that_o it_o crack_v flaw_n and_o cleave_v into_o many_o great_a chap_n the_o bark_n underneath_o remain_v entire_a that_o it_o may_v be_v separate_v and_o remove_v from_o the_o tree_n and_o yet_o the_o two_o under-bark_n such_o as_o be_v also_o common_a to_o that_o with_o other_o tree_n not_o at_o all_o injure_a but_o rather_o help_v and_o free_v from_o a_o external_a injury_n thus_o jonstonus_n in_o dendrologia_n speak_v the_o subere_fw-la say_v arbour_n est_fw-fr procera_fw-fr lignum_fw-la est_fw-la robustum_fw-la dempto_fw-la cortice_fw-la in_o aquis_fw-la non_fw-la fluitat_fw-la cortice_fw-la in_o orbem_fw-la detracto_fw-la juvatur_fw-la crascescens_fw-la enim_fw-la praestringit_fw-la &_o strangulat_fw-la intra_fw-la triennium_fw-la iterum_fw-la repletur_fw-la caudex_fw-la ubi_fw-la adolescit_fw-la crassus_fw-la cortex_fw-la superior_a densus_fw-la carnosus_fw-la duos_fw-la digitos_fw-la crassus_fw-la scaber_n rimosus_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la nisi_fw-la detrahatur_fw-la dehiscit_fw-la alioque_fw-la subnascente_fw-la expellitur_fw-la interior_a qui_fw-la subest_fw-la novellus_fw-la ita_fw-la rubet_fw-la ut_fw-la arbour_n minio_fw-la picta_fw-la videatur_fw-la which_o history_n if_o well_o consider_v and_o the_o tree_n substance_n and_o manner_n of_o grow_v if_o well_o examine_v will_v i_o be_o very_o apt_a to_o believe_v much_o confirm_v this_o my_o conjecture_n about_o the_o origination_n of_o cork_n nor_o be_v this_o kind_n of_o texture_n peculiar_a to_o cork_n only_o for_o upon_o examination_n with_o my_o microscope_n i_o have_v find_v that_o the_o pith_n of_o a_o elder_a or_o almost_o any_o other_o tree_n the_o inner_a pulp_n or_o pith_n of_o the_o cany_fw-mi hollow_a stalk_n of_o several_a other_o vegetable_n as_o of_o fennel_n carrot_n daucus_n bur-dock_n teasel_n fearn_n some_o kind_n of_o reed_n etc._n etc._n have_v much_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o schematisme_n as_o i_o have_v late_o show_v that_o of_o cork_n save_v only_o that_o here_o the_o pore_n be_v range_v the_o long-way_n or_o the_o same_o way_n with_o the_o length_n of_o the_o cane_n whereas_o in_o cork_n they_o be_v transverse_v the_o pith_n also_o that_o fill_v that_o part_n of_o the_o stalk_n of_o a_o feather_n that_o be_v above_o the_o quill_n have_v much_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o texture_n save_v only_o that_o which_o way_n soever_o i_o set_v this_o light_a substance_n the_o pore_n seem_v to_o be_v cut_v transvers_o so_o that_o i_o guess_v this_o pith_n which_o fill_v the_o feather_n not_o to_o consist_v of_o abundance_n of_o long_a pore_n separate_v with_o diaphragm_n as_o cork_n do_v but_o to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o solid_a or_o harden_a froth_n or_o a_o congery_n of_o very_a small_a bubble_n consolidate_v in_o that_o form_n into_o a_o pretty_a stiff_a as_o well_o as_o tough_a concrete_a and_o that_o each_o cavern_n bubble_n or_o cell_n be_v distinct_o separate_v from_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n without_o any_o kind_n of_o hole_n in_o the_o encompass_v film_n so_o that_o i_o can_v no_o more_o blow_n through_o a_o piece_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o substance_n than_o i_o can_v through_o a_o piece_n of_o cork_n or_o the_o sound_a pith_n of_o a_o elder_a but_o though_o i_o can_v not_o with_o my_o microscope_n nor_o with_o my_o breath_n nor_o any_o other_o way_n i_o have_v yet_o try_v discover_v a_o passage_n out_o of_o one_o of_o those_o cavity_n into_o another_o yet_o i_o can_v thence_o conclude_v that_o therefore_o there_o be_v none_o such_o by_o which_o the_o succus_fw-la nutritius_fw-la or_o appropriate_a juice_n of_o vegetable_n may_v pass_v through_o they_o for_o in_o several_a of_o those_o vegetable_n while_o green_a i_o have_v with_o my_o microscope_n plain_o enough_o discover_v these_o cell_n or_o pole_n fill_v with_o juice_n and_o by_o degree_n sweat_v they_o out_o as_o i_o have_v also_o observe_v in_o green_a wood_n all_o those_o long_a microscopical_a pore_n which_o appear_v in_o charcoal_n perfect_o empty_a of_o any_o thing_n but_o air._n now_o though_o i_o have_v with_o great_a
earth_n and_o sprunkle_v a_o little_a warm_a water_n thereon_o will_v within_o four_o day_n produce_v mushroom_n fit_a to_o be_v eat_v at_o what_o time_n one_o will_n as_o also_o that_o mushroom_n may_v be_v make_v to_o grow_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o wild_a poplar_n tree_n within_o four_o day_n after_o warm_a water_n wherein_o some_o leaf_n have_v be_v dissolve_v shall_v be_v pour_v into_o the_o root_n which_o must_v be_v slit_v and_o the_o stock_n above_o ground_n next_o that_o as_o mushroom_n may_v be_v generate_v without_o seed_n so_o do_v it_o not_o appear_v that_o they_o have_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o seed_n in_o any_o part_n of_o they_o for_o have_v consider_v several_a kind_n of_o they_o i_o can_v never_o ●●nd_v any_o thing_n in_o they_o that_o i_o can_v with_o any_o probability_n guess_v to_o be_v the_o ●eed_n of_o it_o so_o that_o it_o do_v not_o as_o yet_o appear_v that_o i_o know_v of_o that_o mushroom_n may_v be_v generate_v from_o a_o seed_n but_o they_o rather_o seem_v to_o depend_v mere_o upon_o a_o convenient_a constitution_n of_o the_o matter_n out_o of_o which_o they_o be_v make_v and_o a_o concurrence_n of_o either_o natural_a or_o artificial_a heat_n three_o that_o by_o several_a body_n as_o salt_n and_o metal_n both_o in_o water_n and_o in_o the_o air_n and_o by_o several_a kind_n of_o sublimation_n in_o the_o air_n actuate_v and_o guide_v with_o a_o congruous_a heat_n there_o may_v be_v produce_v several_a kind_n of_o body_n as_o curious_o if_o not_o of_o a_o more_o compose_v figure_n several_a kind_n of_o rise_v or_o ebulliate_a figure_n seem_v to_o manifest_v as_o witness_v the_o ●●ooting_n in_o the_o rectification_n of_o spirit_n of_o urine_n hart-horn_n eloud_v etc._n etc._n witness_v also_o the_o curious_a branch_n of_o evaporate_v dissolution_n some_o of_o they_o against_o the_o side_n of_o the_o contain_v jar_n other_o stand_v up_o or_o grow_v a_o end_n out_o of_o the_o bottom_n of_o which_o i_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o a_o very_a great_a variety_n but_o above_o all_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v a_o very_a pretty_a kind_n of_o germination_n which_o be_v afford_v we_o in_o the_o silver_n tree_n the_o manner_n of_o make_v which_o with_o mercury_n and_o silver_n be_v well_o know_v to_o the_o chemist_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o ebullition_n or_o germination_n very_o much_o like_o this_o of_o mushroom_n if_o i_o have_v be_v right_o inform_v of_o it_o four_o i_o have_v very_o often_o take_v notice_n of_o and_o also_o observe_v with_o a_o microscope_n certain_a excrescency_n or_o ebullition_n in_o the_o snuff_n of_o a_o candle_n which_o partly_o from_o the_o stick_n of_o the_o smoky_a particle_n as_o they_o be_v carry_v upward_o by_o the_o current_n of_o the_o rarify_v air_n and_o flame_n and_o partly_o also_o from_o a_o kind_n of_o germination_n or_o ebullition_n of_o some_o actuate_v unctuous_a part_n which_o creep_v along_o and_o filter_n through_o some_o small_a string_n of_o the_o week_n be_v form_v into_o pretty_a round_n and_o uniform_a head_n very_o much_o resemble_v the_o form_n of_o hood_a mushroom_n which_o be_v by_o any_o mean_v expose_v to_o the_o fresh_a air_n or_o that_o air_n which_o encompass_n the_o flame_n they_o be_v present_o lick_v up_o and_o devour_v by_o it_o and_o vanish_v the_o reason_n of_o which_o phaenomenon_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o this_o that_o when_o a_o convenient_a thread_n of_o the_o week_n be_v so_o bend_v out_o by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o snuff_n that_o be_v about_o half_a a_o inch_n or_o more_o remove_v above_o the_o bottom_n or_o low_a part_n of_o the_o flame_n and_o that_o this_o part_n be_v whole_o include_v in_o the_o flame_n the_o oil_n for_o the_o reason_n of_o filtration_n which_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o render_v be_v continua_o drive_v up_o the_o snuff_n be_v drive_v likewise_o into_o this_o ragged_a bended-end_n and_o this_o be_v remove_v a_o good_a distance_n as_o half_a a_o inch_n or_o more_o above_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o flame_n the_o part_n of_o the_o air_n that_o pass_v by_o it_o be_v already_o almost_o satiate_v with_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o boil_a unctuous_a steam_n that_o issue_v out_o below_o and_o therefore_o be_v not_o only_o glut_v that_o be_v can_v dissolve_v no_o more_o than_o what_o they_o be_v already_o act_v upon_o but_o they_o carry_v up_o with_o they_o abundance_n of_o unctuous_a and_o sooty_a particle_n which_o meet_v with_o that_o rag_n of_o the_o week_n that_o be_v plentiful_o fill_v with_o oil_n and_o only_o spend_v it_o as_o fast_o as_o it_o evaporate_v and_o not_o at_o all_o by_o dissolution_n of_o burn_a by_o mean_n of_o these_o steamy_a part_n of_o the_o filterated_a oil_n issue_v out_o at_o the_o side_n of_o this_o rag_n and_o be_v enclose_v with_o a_o air_n that_o be_v already_o satiate_v and_o can_v prey_v upon_o they_o nor_o burn_v they_o the_o ascend_a sooty_a particle_n be_v stay_v about_o it_o and_o fix_v so_o as_o that_o about_o the_o end_n of_o that_o rag_n or_o filament_n of_o the_o snuff_n whence_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o steam_n issue_n there_o be_v conglobate_v or_o fix_v a_o round_a and_o pretty_a uniform_a cap_n much_o resemble_v the_o head_n of_o a_o mushroom_n which_o if_o it_o be_v of_o any_o great_a bigness_n you_o may_v observe_v that_o its_o underside_n will_v be_v big_a than_o that_o which_o be_v above_o the_o rag_n or_o stem_n of_o it_o for_o the_o oil_n that_o be_v bring_v into_o it_o by_o filtration_n be_v by_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o cap_n a_o little_a shelter_v from_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o flame_n do_v by_o that_o mean_v issue_n as_o much_o out_o from_o beneath_o from_o the_o stalk_n or_o downward_o as_o it_o do_v upward_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a access_n of_o the_o adventitious_a smoke_n from_o beneath_o it_o increase_v most_o that_o way_n that_o this_o may_v be_v the_o true_a reason_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n i_o can_v produce_v many_o argument_n and_o experiment_n to_o make_v it_o probable_a as_o first_o that_o the_o filtration_n carry_v the_o oil_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o week_n at_o least_o as_o high_a as_o these_o rag_n be_v visible_a to_o one_o that_o will_v observe_v the_o snuff_n of_o a_o burn_a candle_n with_o a_o microscope_n where_o he_o may_v see_v a_o ebullition_n or_o bubble_a of_o the_o oil_n as_o high_a as_o the_o snuff_n look_v black_a next_o that_o it_o do_v steam_n away_o more_o than_o burn_v i_o can_v tell_v you_o of_o the_o dim_a burn_a of_o a_o candle_n the_o long_o the_o snuff_n be_v which_o arise_v from_o the_o abundance_n of_o vapour_n out_o of_o the_o high_a part_n of_o it_o and_o three_o that_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o flame_n of_o the_o candle_n near_o the_o top_n of_o the_o snuff_n the_o fire_n or_o dissolve_v principle_n be_v nothing_o near_o so_o strong_a as_o near_o the_o bottom_n and_o out_o edge_n of_o the_o flame_n which_o may_v be_v observe_v by_o the_o burn_a asunder_o of_o a_o thread_n that_o will_v first_o break_v in_o those_o part_n that_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o flame_n touch_n and_o not_o in_o the_o middle_n and_o i_o can_v add_v several_a observable_n that_o i_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o lamp_n actuate_v with_o bellows_o and_o very_o many_o other_o that_o confirm_v i_o in_o my_o opinion_n but_o that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o my_o present_a purpose_n which_o be_v only_o to_o consider_v this_o concreet_fw-la in_o the_o snuff_n of_o a_o candle_n so_o far_o as_o it_o have_v any_o resemblance_n of_o a_o mushroom_n to_o the_o consideration_n of_o which_o that_o i_o may_v return_v i_o say_v we_o may_v also_o observe_v in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o the_o dropping_n or_o trilling_n of_o lapidescent_n water_n in_o vault_n under_o ground_n seem_v to_o constitute_v a_o kind_n of_o petrified_a body_n form_v almost_o like_o some_o kind_n of_o mushroom_n invert_v in_o so_o much_o that_o i_o have_v see_v some_o knobbed_a a_o little_a at_o the_o low_a end_n though_o for_o the_o most_o part_n indeed_o they_o be_v otherwise_o shape_v and_o taper_v towards_o the_o end_n the_o generation_n of_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v from_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o this_o that_o the_o water_n by_o soak_v through_o the_o earth_n and_o lime_n for_o i_o guess_v that_o substance_n to_o add_v much_o to_o it_o petrify_a quality_n do_v so_o impregnate_n itself_o with_o stony_a particle_n that_o hang_v in_o drop_n in_o the_o roof_n of_o the_o vault_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o soak_v of_o the_o water_n be_v but_o slow_a it_o become_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n and_o thereby_o the_o outward_a part_n of_o the_o drop_n by_o degree_n grow_v hard_a by_o reason_n that_o the_o water_n gradual_o
the_o discovery_n of_o the_o various_a constitution_n of_o the_o air_n as_o to_o dryness_n and_o moistness_n be_v incomparable_o beyond_o any_o other_o for_o this_o it_o do_v to_o admiration_n the_o manner_n of_o contrive_v it_o so_o as_o to_o perform_v this_o great_a effect_n be_v only_o thus_o provide_v a_o good_a large_a box_n of_o ivory_n about_o four_o inch_n over_o and_o of_o what_o depth_n you_o shall_v judge_v convenient_a according_a to_o your_o intention_n of_o make_v use_n of_o one_o two_o three_o or_o more_o of_o these_o small_a beard_n order_v in_o the_o manner_n which_o i_o shall_v by_o and_o by_o describe_v let_v all_o the_o side_n of_o this_o box_n be_v turn_v of_o basket-work_n which_o here_o in_o london_n be_v easy_o enough_o procure_v full_a of_o hole_n in_o the_o manner_n almost_o of_o a_o lettuce_n the_o big_a or_o more_o the_o hole_n be_v the_o better_a that_o so_o the_o air_n may_v have_v the_o more_o free_a passage_n to_o the_o enclose_a beard_n and_o may_v the_o more_o easy_o pass_v through_o the_o instrument_n it_o will_v be_v better_o yet_o though_o not_o altogether_o so_o handsome_a if_o instead_o of_o the_o basket-work_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o box_n the_o bottom_n and_o top_n of_o the_o box_n be_v join_v together_o only_o with_o three_o or_o four_o small_a pillar_n after_o the_o manner_n represent_v in_o the_o 4._o figure_n of_o the_o 15._o scheme_n or_o if_o you_o intend_v to_o make_v use_n of_o many_o of_o these_o small_a beard_n join_v together_o you_o may_v have_v a_o small_a long_a case_n of_o ivory_n who_o side_n be_v turn_v of_o basket-work_n full_a of_o hole_n which_o may_v be_v screw_v on_o to_o the_o underside_n of_o a_o broad_a plate_n of_o ivory_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v the_o divide_a ring_n or_o circle_n to_o which_o division_n the_o point_v of_o the_o hand_n or_o index_n which_o be_v move_v by_o the_o conjoin_v beard_n may_v show_v all_o the_o minute_n variation_n of_o the_o air._n there_o may_v be_v multitude_n of_o other_o way_n for_o contrive_v this_o small_a instrument_n so_o as_o to_o produce_v this_o effect_n which_o any_o one_o may_v according_a to_o his_o peculiar_a use_n and_o the_o exigency_n of_o his_o present_a occasion_n easy_o enough_o contrive_v and_o take_v on_o which_o i_o shall_v not_o therefore_o insist_v the_o whole_a manner_n of_o make_v any_o one_o of_o they_o be_v thus_o have_v your_o box_n or_o frame_n aabb_n fit_o adapt_v for_o the_o free_a passage_n of_o the_o air_n through_o it_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o bottom_n bbb_n you_o must_v have_v a_o very_a small_a hole_n c_o into_o which_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o beard_n be_v to_o be_v fi'xd_v the_o upper_a end_n of_o which_o beard_n ab_fw-la be_v to_o pass_v through_o a_o small_a hole_n of_o a_o plate_n or_o top_n aa_n if_o you_o make_v use_v only_o of_o a_o single_a one_o and_o on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o e_o be_v to_o be_v fix_v a_o small_a and_o very_a light_n index_n fg_v make_v of_o a_o very_a thin_a sliver_n of_o a_o reed_n or_o cane_n but_o if_o you_o make_v use_v of_o two_o or_o more_o beard_n they_o must_v be_v fix_v and_o bind_v together_o either_o with_o a_o very_a fine_a piece_n of_o silk_n or_o with_o a_o very_a small_a touch_n of_o hard_a wax_n or_o glue_v which_o be_v better_o and_o the_o index_n fg_n be_v to_o be_v fix_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o second_o three_o or_o four_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o on_o the_o single_a one_o now_o because_o that_o in_o every_o of_o these_o contrivance_n the_o index_n fg_n will_v with_o some_o temperature_n of_o air_n move_v two_o three_o or_o more_o time_n round_o which_o without_o some_o other_o contrivance_n than_o this_o will_v be_v difficult_a to_o distinguish_v therefore_o i_o think_v of_o this_o expedient_a the_o index_n or_o hand_n fg_v be_v raise_v a_o pretty_a way_n above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o plate_n aa_n fix_v in_o at_o a_o little_a distance_n from_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o a_o small_a pin_n h_z so_o as_o almost_o to_o touch_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o plate_n aa_n and_o then_o in_o any_o convenient_a place_n of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o plate_n fix_v a_o small_a pin_n on_o which_o put_v on_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o paper_n or_o thin_a pasteboard_n vellum_n or_o parchment_n make_v of_o a_o convenient_a cize_n and_o shape_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o in_o the_o figure_n express_v by_o i_o k_o so_o that_o have_v a_o convenient_a number_n of_o tooth_n every_o turn_n or_o return_v of_o the_o pin_n h_o may_v move_v this_o small_a indent_a circle_n a_o tooth_n forward_o or_o backward_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o tooth_n of_o the_o circle_n be_v mark_v it_o will_v be_v thereby_o very_o easy_a to_o know_v certain_o how_o much_o variation_n any_o change_n of_o weather_n will_v make_v upon_o the_o small_a wreathe_v body_n in_o the_o make_n of_o this_o secundary_a circle_n of_o vellum_n or_o the_o like_a great_a care_n be_v to_o be_v have_v that_o it_o be_v make_v exceed_o light_a and_o to_o move_v very_o easy_o for_o otherwise_o a_o small_a variation_n will_v spoil_v the_o whole_a operation_n the_o box_n may_v be_v make_v of_o brass_n silver_n iron_n or_o any_o other_o substance_n if_o care_n be_v take_v to_o make_v it_o open_a enough_o to_o let_v the_o air_n have_v a_o sufficient_o free_a access_n to_o the_o beard_n the_o index_n also_o may_v be_v various_a way_n contrive_v so_o as_o to_o show_v both_o the_o number_n of_o the_o revolution_n it_o make_v and_o the_o minute_n division_n of_o each_o revolution_n i_o have_v make_v several_a trial_n and_o instrument_n for_o discover_v the_o dryness_n and_o moisture_n of_o the_o air_n with_o this_o little_a wreathe_v body_n and_o find_v it_o to_o vary_v exceed_o sensible_o with_o the_o least_o change_n in_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o air_n as_o to_o dryness_n and_o moisture_n so_o that_o with_o one_o breathe_v upon_o it_o i_o have_v make_v it_o untwist_v a_o whole_a bout_n and_o the_o index_n or_o hand_n have_v show_v or_o point_v to_o various_a division_n on_o the_o upper_a face_n or_o ring_n of_o the_o instrument_n according_a as_o it_o be_v carry_v near_a and_o near_o to_o the_o fire_n or_o as_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n increase_v upon_o it_o other_o trial_n i_o have_v make_v with_o gut-string_n but_o find_v they_o nothing_o near_o so_o sensible_a though_o they_o also_o may_v be_v so_o contrive_v as_o to_o exhibit_v the_o change_n of_o the_o air_n as_o to_o dryness_n and_o moisture_n both_o by_o their_o stretch_n and_o shrink_v in_o length_n and_o also_o by_o their_o wreathe_a and_o unwrethe_v themselves_o but_o these_o be_v nothing_o near_o so_o exact_a or_o so_o tender_a for_o their_o vary_a property_n will_v in_o a_o little_a time_n change_v very_o much_o but_o there_o be_v several_a other_o vegetable_a substance_n that_o be_v much_o more_o sensible_a than_o even_o this_o beard_n of_o a_o wild_a oat_n such_o i_o have_v find_v the_o beard_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o musk-grass_n or_o geranium_fw-la moschatum_fw-la and_o those_o of_o other_o kind_n of_o cranesbil_n seed_n and_o the_o like_a but_o always_o the_o small_a the_o wreathe_v substance_n be_v the_o more_o sensible_a be_v it_o of_o the_o mutation_n of_o the_o air_n a_o conjecture_n at_o the_o reason_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v by_o and_o by_o add_v the_o low_a end_n of_o this_o wreathe_v cylinder_n be_v stick_v upright_o in_o a_o little_a soft_a wax_n so_o that_o the_o bend_a part_n or_o index_n of_o it_o lay_v horizontal_a i_o have_v observe_v it_o always_o with_o moisture_n to_o unwreath_v itself_o from_o the_o east_n for_o instance_n by_o the_o south_n to_o the_o west_n and_o so_o by_o the_o north_n to_o the_o east_n again_o move_v with_o the_o sun_n as_o we_o common_o say_v and_o with_o heat_n and_o drought_n to_o re-twist_n and_o wreath_n itself_o the_o contrary_a way_n namely_o from_o the_o east_n for_o instance_n by_o the_o north_n to_o the_o west_n and_o so_o onward_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o which_o phaenomena_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o differ_a texture_n of_o the_o part_n of_o these_o body_n each_o of_o they_o especial_o the_o beard_n of_o a_o wild_a oat_n and_o of_o mosk-grass_n seed_n seem_v to_o have_v two_o kind_n of_o substance_n one_o that_o be_v very_o porous_a loose_a and_o spongy_a into_o which_o the_o watery_a steam_n of_o the_o air_n may_v be_v very_o easy_o force_v which_o will_v be_v thereby_o swell_v and_o extend_v in_o its_o dimension_n just_a as_o we_o may_v observe_v all_o kind_n of_o vegetable_a substance_n upon_o steep_v in_o water_n to_o swell_v and_o grow_v big_a and_o long_o and_o a_o second_o that_o be_v more_o hard_a and_o close_o into_o which_o
form_n to_o those_o of_o mineral_n air_n and_o water_n have_v no_o form_n at_o all_o unless_o a_o potentiality_n to_o be_v form_v into_o globules_n and_o the_o clod_n and_o parcel_n of_o earth_n be_v all_o irregular_a whereas_o in_o mineral_n she_o do_v begin_v to_o geometrize_v and_o practice_v as_o it_o be_v the_o first_o principle_n of_o mechanic_n shape_a they_o of_o plain_a regular_a figure_n as_o triangle_n square_n etc._n etc._n and_o tetraedron_n cube_n etc._n etc._n but_o none_o of_o their_o form_n be_v comparable_a to_o the_o more_o compound_v one_o of_o vegetable_n for_o here_o she_o go_v a_o step_n further_o form_v they_o both_o of_o more_o complicate_v shape_n and_o add_v also_o multitude_n of_o curious_a mechanic_n contrivance_n in_o their_o structure_n for_o whereas_o in_o vegetable_n there_o be_v no_o determinate_a number_n of_o the_o leaf_n or_o branch_n nor_o no_o exact_o certain_a figure_n of_o leaf_n or_o flower_n or_o seed_n in_o animal_n all_o those_o thing_n be_v exact_o define_v and_o determine_v and_o wherever_o there_o be_v either_o a_o excess_n or_o defect_n of_o those_o determinate_a part_n or_o limb_n there_o have_v be_v some_o impediment_n that_o have_v spoil_v the_o principle_n which_o be_v most_o regular_a here_o we_o shall_v find_v not_o only_o most_o curious_o compound_v shape_n but_o most_o stupendous_a mechanism_n and_o contrivance_n here_o the_o ornament_n be_v in_o the_o high_a perfection_n nothing_o in_o all_o the_o vegetable_a kingdom_n that_o be_v comparable_a to_o the_o decking_n of_o a_o peacock_n nay_o to_o the_o curiosity_n of_o any_o feather_n as_o i_o elsewhere_o show_v nor_o to_o that_o of_o the_o small_a and_o most_o despicable_a fly_n but_o i_o must_v not_o stay_v on_o these_o speculation_n though_o perhaps_o it_o be_v very_o well_o worth_a while_n for_o one_o that_o have_v leisure_n to_o see_v what_o information_n may_v be_v learn_v of_o the_o nature_n or_o use_v or_o virtue_n of_o body_n by_o their_o several_a form_n and_o various_a excellency_n and_o property_n who_o know_v but_o adam_n may_v from_o some_o such_o contemplation_n give_v name_n to_o all_o creature_n if_o at_o least_o his_o name_n have_v any_o significancy_n in_o they_o of_o the_o creatures_n nature_n on_o which_o he_o impose_v it_o as_o many_o upon_o what_o ground_n i_o know_v not_o have_v suppose_v and_o who_o know_v but_o the_o creator_n may_v in_o those_o character_n have_v write_v and_o engrave_v many_o of_o his_o most_o mysterious_a design_n and_o counsel_n and_o give_v man_n a_o capacity_n which_o assist_v with_o diligence_n and_o industry_n may_v be_v able_a to_o read_v and_o understand_v they_o but_o not_o to_o multiply_v my_o digression_n more_o than_o i_o can_v the_o time_n i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o which_o be_v obseru._n xxx_o of_o the_o seed_n of_o poppy_n the_o small_a seed_n of_o poppy_n which_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o 19_o scheme_n both_o for_o their_o smallness_n multiplicity_n and_o prettiness_n as_o also_o for_o their_o admirable_a soporifick_a quality_n deserve_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o among_o the_o schem_n xix_o schem_n xx._n other_o microscopical_a seed_n of_o vegetable_n for_o first_o though_o they_o grow_v in_o a_o case_n or_o hive_n oftentimes_o big_a than_o one_o of_o these_o picture_n of_o the_o microscopical_a appearance_n yet_o be_v they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o very_o little_a that_o they_o exceed_v not_o the_o bulk_n of_o a_o small_a nitt_n be_v not_o above_o ●_o 32_o part_n of_o a_o inch_n in_o diameter_n whereas_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o hive_n of_o they_o oftentimes_o exceed_v two_o inch_n so_o that_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o contain_v near_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o and_o so_o in_o all_o likelihood_n do_v contain_v a_o vast_a quantity_n though_o perhaps_o not_o that_o number_n next_o for_o their_o prettiness_n they_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o any_o microscopical_a seed_n i_o have_v yet_o see_v for_o they_o be_v of_o a_o dark_a brownish_a red_a colour_n curious_o honey_n comb_v all_o over_o with_o a_o very_a pretty_a variety_n of_o network_n or_o a_o small_a kind_n of_o imbosment_n of_o very_o orderly_o raise_v ridge_n the_o surface_n of_o they_o look_v not_o unlike_o the_o inside_n of_o a_o beev'_v stomach_n but_o that_o which_o make_v it_o most_o considerable_a of_o all_o be_v the_o medicinal_a virtue_n of_o it_o which_o be_v such_o as_o be_v not_o afford_v we_o by_o any_o mineral_n preparation_n and_o that_o be_v for_o the_o procure_n of_o sleep_n a_o thing_n as_o necessary_a to_o the_o well-being_n of_o a_o creature_n as_o his_o meat_n and_o that_o which_o refresh_v both_o the_o voluntary_a and_o rational_a faculty_n which_o while_o this_o affection_n have_v seize_v the_o body_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n unmoved_a and_o at_o rest_n and_o methinks_v nature_n do_v seem_v to_o hint_n some_o very_a notable_a virtue_n or_o excellency_n in_o this_o plant_n from_o the_o curiosity_n it_o have_v bestow_v upon_o it_o first_o in_o its_o flower_n it_o be_v of_o the_o high_a scarlet-dye_a which_o be_v indeed_o the_o prime_n and_o chief_a colour_n and_o have_v be_v in_o all_o age_n of_o the_o world_n most_o high_o esteem_v next_o it_o have_v as_o much_o curiosity_n show_v also_o in_o the_o husk_n or_o case_n of_o the_o seed_n as_o any_o one_o plant_n i_o have_v yet_o meet_v withal_o and_o three_o the_o very_a seed_n themselves_o the_o microscope_n discover_v to_o be_v very_o curious_o shape_v body_n and_o last_o nature_n have_v take_v such_o abundant_a care_n for_o the_o propagation_n of_o it_o that_o one_o single_a seed_n grow_v into_o a_o plant_n be_v capable_a of_o bring_v some_o hundred_o thousand_o of_o seed_n it_o be_v very_o worthy_a some_o able_a man_n enquiry_n whether_o the_o intention_n of_o nature_n as_o to_o the_o secundary_a end_n of_o animal_n and_o vegetable_a substance_n may_v not_o be_v find_v out_o by_o some_o such_o character_n and_o notable_a impression_n as_o these_o or_o from_o divers_a other_o circumstance_n as_o the_o figure_n colour_n place_n time_n of_o flourish_a spring_a and_o fade_v duration_n taste_n smell_v etc._n etc._n for_o if_o such_o there_o be_v as_o a_o able_a physician_n upon_o good_a ground_n have_v give_v i_o cause_n to_o believe_v we_o may_v then_o instead_o of_o study_v herbal_n where_o so_o little_o be_v deliver_v of_o the_o virtue_n of_o a_o plant_n and_o less_o of_o truth_n have_v recourse_n to_o the_o book_n of_o nature_n itself_o and_o there_o find_v the_o most_o natural_a useful_a and_o most_o effectual_a and_o specific_a medicine_n of_o which_o we_o have_v among_o vegetable_n two_o very_a noble_a instance_n to_o encourage_v such_o a_o hope_n the_o one_o of_o the_o jesuite_n powder_n for_o the_o cure_n of_o intermit_a fea●●●s_n and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o juice_n of_o poppy_n for_o the_o cure_v the_o defect_n of_o sleep_v obseru._n xxxi_o of_o purslane-seed_n the_o seed_n of_o purslane_n seem_v of_o very_o notable_a shape_n appear_v through_o the_o microscope_n shape_v somewhat_o like_o a_o nautilus_fw-la or_o porcelain_n shell_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o xx._n scheme_n it_o be_v a_o small_a body_n coyl_v round_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o spiral_n at_o the_o great_a end_n whereof_o which_o represent_v the_o mouth_n or_o orifice_n of_o the_o shell_n there_o be_v leave_v a_o little_a white_a transparent_a substance_n like_o a_o skin_n represent_v by_o bbbb_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o place_n whereunto_o the_o stem_n be_v join_v the_o whole_a surface_n of_o this_o coclea_fw-la or_o shell_n be_v cover_v over_o with_o abundance_n of_o little_a prominency_n or_o button_n very_o orderly_o range_v into_o spiral_n row_n the_o shape_n of_o each_o of_o which_o seem_v much_o to_o resemble_v a_o wart_n upon_o a_o man_n hand_n the_o order_n variety_n and_o curiosity_n in_o the_o shape_n of_o this_o little_a seed_n make_v it_o a_o very_a pleasant_a object_n for_o the_o microscope_n one_o of_o they_o be_v cut_v asunder_o with_o a_o very_a sharp_a penknife_n discover_v this_o carve_a casket_n to_o be_v of_o a_o brownish_a red_a and_o somewhat_o transparent_a substance_n and_o manifest_v the_o inside_n to_o be_v fill_v with_o a_o whitish_a green_a substance_n or_o pulp_n the_o bed_n wherein_o the_o seminal_a principle_n lie_v enveloped_v there_o be_v multitude_n of_o other_o seed_n which_o in_o shape_n represent_v or_o imitate_v the_o form_n of_o divers_a other_o sort_n of_o shell_n as_o the_o seed_n of_o scurvygrass_n very_o much_o resemble_v the_o make_v of_o a_o concha_n venerea_fw-la a_o kind_n of_o purcelane_n shell_n other_o represent_v several_a sort_n of_o large_a fruit_n sweat_n marjerome_n and_o pot-marjerome_a represent_v olive_n carret_n seed_n be_v like_o a_o cleave_v of_o a_o cocoanut_n husk_n other_o be_v like_o artificial_a thing_n as_o succory_n seed_n be_v like_o a_o quiver_n full_a
separate_v the_o pulp_n or_o intercurrent_a juice_n such_o as_o in_o all_o probability_n fill_v those_o interstitia_fw-la without_o dilacerate_v bruise_v or_o otherwise_o spoil_v the_o texture_n of_o it_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v very_o much_o by_o the_o way_n of_o tan_v and_o dress_v now_o use_v we_o may_v discover_v a_o much_o more_o curious_a texture_n than_o i_o have_v hitherto_o be_v able_a to_o find_v perhaps_o somewhat_o like_o that_o of_o sponge_n that_o of_o chamoise_n leather_n be_v indeed_o very_o much_o like_o that_o of_o spunk_n save_v only_o that_o the_o filament_n seem_v nothing_o near_o so_o even_a and_o round_o nor_o altogether_o so_o small_a nor_o have_v it_o so_o curious_a joint_n as_o spunk_n have_v some_o of_o which_o i_o have_v late_o discover_v like_o those_o of_o a_o sponge_n and_o perhaps_o all_o these_o three_o body_n may_v be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o substance_n though_o two_o of_o they_o indeed_o be_v common_o account_v vegetable_a which_o whether_o they_o be_v so_o or_o no_o i_o shall_v not_o now_o dispute_v but_o this_o seem_v common_a to_o all_o three_o that_o they_o undergo_v a_o tan_v or_o dress_v whereby_o the_o interspersed_a juice_n be_v waste_v and_o wash_v away_o before_o the_o texture_n of_o they_o can_v be_v discover_v what_o their_o way_n be_v of_o dress_v or_o cure_v sponge_n i_o confess_v i_o can_v learn_v but_o the_o way_n of_o dress_a spunk_n be_v by_o boil_v it_o a_o good_a while_n in_o a_o strong_a lixivium_n and_o then_o beat_v it_o very_o well_o and_o the_o manner_n of_o dress_v leather_n be_v sufficient_o know_v it_o be_v indeed_o extreme_o desirable_a if_o such_o a_o way_n can_v be_v find_v whereby_o the_o parenchyma_n or_o flesh_n of_o the_o muscle_n and_o several_a other_o part_n of_o the_o bod_fw-mi y_fw-mi may_v be_v wash_v or_o waste_v clean_o away_o without_o vitiate_a the_o form_n of_o the_o fibrous_a part_n or_o vessel_n of_o it_o for_o hereby_o the_o texture_n of_o those_o part_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o good_a microscope_n may_v be_v most_o accurate_o find_v but_o to_o digress_v no_o further_o we_o may_v from_o this_o discovery_n of_o the_o microscope_n plain_o enough_o understand_v how_o the_o skin_n though_o it_o look_v so_o close_o as_o it_o do_v come_v to_o give_v a_o passage_n to_o so_o vast_a a_o quantity_n of_o excrementitious_a substance_n as_o the_o diligent_a sanctorius_n have_v excellent_o observe_v it_o to_o do_v in_o his_o medicina_fw-la statica_fw-la for_o it_o seem_v very_o probable_a from_o the_o texture_n after_o dress_v that_o there_o be_v a_o infinite_a of_o pore_n that_o every_o way_n pierce_v it_o and_o that_o those_o pore_n be_v only_o fill_v with_o some_o kind_n of_o juice_n or_o some_o very_a pulpy_a soft_a substance_n and_o thereby_o the_o steam_n may_v almost_o as_o easy_o find_v a_o passage_n through_o such_o a_o fluid_a vehicle_n as_o the_o vaporous_a bubble_n which_o be_v generate_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o kettle_n of_o hot_a water_n do_v find_v a_o passage_n through_o that_o fluid_a medium_n into_o the_o ambient_fw-la air._n nor_o be_v the_o skin_n of_o animal_n only_o thus_o pervious_a but_o even_o those_o of_o vegetable_n also_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o for_o otherwise_o i_o can_v conceive_v why_o if_o two_o sprig_n of_o rosemary_n for_o instance_n be_v take_v as_o exact_o alike_o in_o all_o particular_n as_o can_v be_v and_o the_o one_o be_v set_v with_o the_o bottom_n in_o a_o glass_n of_o water_n and_o the_o other_o be_v set_v just_a without_o the_o glass_n but_o in_o the_o air_n only_o though_o you_o stop_v the_o low_a end_n of_o that_o in_o the_o air_n very_o careful_o with_o wax_n yet_o shall_v it_o present_o almost_o wither_v whereas_o the_o other_o that_o seem_v to_o have_v a_o supply_n from_o the_o subjacent_a water_n by_o its_o small_a pipe_n or_o microscopical_a pore_n preserve_v its_o greenness_n for_o many_o day_n and_o sometime_o week_n now_o this_o to_o i_o seem_v not_o likely_a to_o proceed_v from_o any_o other_o cause_n then_o the_o avolation_n of_o the_o juice_n through_o the_o skin_n for_o by_o the_o wax_n all_o those_o other_o pore_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v very_o firm_o and_o close_o stop_v up_o and_o from_o the_o more_o or_o less_o porousness_n of_o the_o skin_n or_o rind_n of_o vegetable_n may_v perhaps_o be_v somewhat_o of_o the_o reason_n give_v why_o they_o keep_v long_o green_a or_o soon_o wither_v for_o we_o may_v observe_v by_o the_o bladder_a and_o crake_v of_o the_o leaf_n of_o bay_n holly_n laurel_n etc._n etc._n that_o their_o skin_n be_v very_o close_o and_o do_v not_o suffer_v so_o free_a a_o passage_n through_o they_o of_o the_o include_v juice_n but_o of_o this_o and_o of_o the_o experiment_n of_o the_o rosemary_n i_o shall_v elsewhere_o more_o full_o consider_v it_o seem_v to_o i_o a_o extreme_a luciferous_a experiment_n such_o as_o seem_v indeed_o very_o plain_o to_o prove_v the_o schematism_n or_o structure_n of_o vegetable_n altogether_o mechanical_a and_o as_o necessary_a that_o water_n and_o warmth_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sprig_n of_o a_o plant_n some_o of_o it_o shall_v be_v carry_v upward_o into_o the_o stem_n and_o thence_o distribute_v into_o the_o leaf_n as_o that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o thames_n cover_v the_o bottom_n of_o the_o mill_n at_o the_o bridge_n foot_n of_o london_n and_o by_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o it_o passs_v strong_o by_o they_o shall_v have_v some_o part_n of_o it_o convey_v to_o the_o cestern_n above_o and_o thence_o into_o several_a house_n and_o cestern_n up_o and_o down_o the_o city_n obseru._n xxxiii_o of_o the_o scale_n of_o a_o sole_a and_o other_o fish_n have_v hint_v somewhat_o of_o the_o skin_n and_o cover_n of_o terrestrial_a animal_n i_o shall_v next_o add_v a_o observation_n i_o make_v on_o the_o skin_n and_o scale_n of_o a_o sole_a a_o small_a fish_n common_o enough_o know_v and_o here_o in_o fish_n as_o well_o as_o other_o animal_n nature_n follow_v its_o usual_a method_n frame_v all_o part_n so_o as_o that_o they_o be_v both_o useful_a and_o ornamental_a in_o all_o its_o composure_n mingle_v utile_a and_o dulce_fw-la together_o and_o both_o these_o design_n it_o seem_v to_o follow_v though_o our_o unassi_v sense_n be_v not_o able_a to_o peceive_v they_o this_o be_v not_o only_o manifest_v in_o the_o cover_n of_o this_o fish_n only_o but_o in_o multitude_n of_o other_o which_o it_o will_v be_v too_o long_o to_o enumerate_v witness_v particular_o that_o small_a sand_n shell_n which_o i_o mention_v in_o the_o xi_o observation_n and_o infinite_a other_o small_a shell_n and_o scale_n divers_a of_o which_o i_o have_v view_v this_o skin_n i_o view_v be_v flay_v from_o a_o pretty_a large_a sole_a and_o then_o expanded_a and_o dry_a the_o inside_n of_o it_o when_o dry_a to_o the_o naked_a eye_n look_v very_o like_o a_o piece_n of_o canvas_n but_o the_o microscope_n discover_v that_o texture_n to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o inner_a end_n of_o those_o curious_a scolope_v scale_n i_o i_o i_o in_o the_o second_o figure_n of_o the_o xxi_o scheme_n namely_o the_o part_n of_o gggg_n of_o the_o large_a representation_n of_o a_o single_a scale_n in_o the_o first_o figure_n of_o the_o same_o scheme_n which_o on_o the_o back_n side_n through_o a_o ordinary_a single_a magnify_v glass_n look_v not_o unlike_o the_o tile_n on_o a_o house_n the_o outside_n of_o it_o to_o the_o naked_a eye_n exhibit_v nothing_o more_o of_o ornament_n save_o the_o usual_a order_n of_o range_v the_o scale_n into_o a_o triagonal_a form_n only_o the_o edge_n seem_v a_o little_a to_o shine_v the_o finger_n be_v rub_v from_o the_o tail-ward_n towards_o the_o head_n the_o scale_n seem_v to_o stay_v and_o raze_v it_o but_o through_o a_o ordinary_a magnify_v glass_n it_o exhibit_v a_o most_o curious_o carve_v and_o adorn_v surface_n such_o as_o be_v visible_a in_o the_o second_o figure_n each_o of_o those_o former_o almost_o imperceptible_a scales_n appear_v much_o of_o the_o shape_n i_o i_o i_o that_o be_v they_o be_v round_o and_o protuberant_a and_o somewhat_o shape_v like_o a_o scolop_n the_o whole_a scale_n be_v crease_v with_o curious_o wave_v and_o indent_v ridge_n with_o proportionable_a furrow_n between_o each_o of_o which_o be_v terminate_v with_o a_o very_a sharp_a transparent_a bony_a substance_n which_o like_o so_o many_o small_a turnpike_n seem_v to_o arm_v the_o edge_n schem_n xxi_o schem_n xvi_o the_o texture_n or_o form_n also_o of_o the_o hide_a part_n appear_v namely_o the_o middle_a part_n ggg_n seem_v to_o consist_v of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o small_a quill_n or_o pipe_n by_o which_o perhaps_o the_o whole_a may_v be_v nourish_v and_o the_o side_n part_v ff_n consist_v of_o a_o more_o fibrous_a texture_n though_o
activity_n cause_n as_o great_a a_o parcel_n of_o earth_n to_o fly_v on_o wing_n in_o the_o air_n as_o it_o do_v of_o water_n in_o steam_n and_o vapour_n and_o what_o swarm_n must_v we_o suppose_v to_o be_v send_v out_o of_o those_o plentiful_a inundation_n of_o water_n which_o be_v pour_v down_o by_o the_o sluice_n of_o rain_n in_o such_o vast_a quantity_n so_o that_o we_o need_v not_o much_o wonder_n at_o those_o innumerable_a cloud_n of_o locust_n with_o which_o africa_n and_o other_o hot_a country_n be_v so_o pester_v since_o in_o those_o place_n be_v find_v all_o the_o convenient_a cause_n of_o their_o production_n namely_o genitor_n or_o parent_n concurrent_a receptacle_n or_o matrix_n and_o a_o sufficient_a degree_n of_o natural_a heat_n and_o moisture_n i_o be_v go_v to_o annex_v a_o little_a draught_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o those_o nut_n send_v out_o of_o devonshire_n but_o chance_v to_o examine_v mr._n parkinson_n herbal_a for_o something_o else_o and_o particular_o about_o gall_n and_o oak-apple_n i_o find_v among_o no_o less_o than_o 24._o several_a kind_n of_o excrescency_n of_o the_o oak_n which_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o upon_o examination_n will_v be_v all_o find_v to_o be_v the_o matrix_n of_o so_o many_o several_a kind_n of_o infect_v i_o have_v observe_v many_o of_o they_o myself_o to_o be_v so_o among_o 24._o several_a kind_n i_o say_v i_o find_v one_o describe_v and_o figure_v direct_o like_o that_o which_o i_o have_v by_o i_o the_o scheme_n be_v there_o to_o be_v see_v the_o description_n because_o but_o short_a i_o have_v here_o adjoin_v theatri_fw-la botanici_fw-la trib_o 16._o chap._n 2._o there_o grow_v at_o the_o root_n of_o old_a oak_n in_o the_o springtime_n and_o semetimes_o also_o in_o the_o very_a heat_n of_o summer_n a_o peculiar_a kind_n of_o mushroom_n or_o excrescence_n call_v wa_z quercina_fw-la swell_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n many_o grow_a one_o close_o unto_o another_o of_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o grape_n and_o therefore_o take_v the_o name_n the_o oak-grape_n and_o be_v of_o a_o purplish_a colour_n on_o the_o outside_n schem_n xxviii_o and_o white_a within_o like_a milk_n and_o in_o the_o end_n of_o summer_n become_v hard_a and_o woody_a whether_o this_o be_v the_o very_a same_o kind_n i_o can_v affirm_v but_o both_o the_o picture_n and_o description_n come_v very_o near_o to_o that_o i_o have_v but_o that_o he_o seem_v not_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o hollowness_n or_o worm_n for_o which_o it_o be_v most_o observable_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a if_o man_n do_v but_o take_v notice_n they_o may_v find_v very_o many_o differ_a species_n of_o these_o nut_n ovary_n or_o matrix_n and_o all_o of_o they_o to_o have_v much_o the_o same_o designation_n and_o office_n and_o i_o have_v very_o late_o find_v several_a kind_n of_o excrescency_n on_o tree_n and_o shrub_n which_o have_v endure_v the_o winter_n upon_o open_v they_o i_o find_v most_o of_o they_o to_o contain_v little_a worm_n but_o dead_a those_o thing_n that_o contain_v they_o be_v wither_v and_o dry_a obseru._n xliv_o of_o the_o tusted_a or_o brush-borned_a gnat._n this_o little_a creature_n be_v one_o of_o those_o multitude_n that_o fill_v our_o english_a air_n all_o the_o time_n that_o warm_a weather_n last_v and_o be_v exact_o of_o the_o shape_n of_o that_o i_o observe_v to_o be_v generate_v and_o hatch_v out_o of_o those_o little_a infect_v that_o wriggle_v up_o and_o down_o in_o rain-water_n but_o though_o many_o be_v of_o this_o form_n yet_o i_o observe_v other_o to_o be_v of_o quite_o other_o kind_n nor_o be_v all_o of_o this_o or_o the_o other_o kind_n generate_v out_o of_o water_n infect_v for_o whereas_o i_o observe_v that_o those_o that_o proceed_v from_o those_o infect_v be_v at_o their_o full_a growth_n i_o have_v also_o find_v multitude_n of_o the_o same_o shape_n but_o much_o small_a and_o tender_a seem_n to_o be_v very_o young_a one_o creep_v up_o and_o down_o upon_o the_o leaf_n of_o tree_n and_o fly_v up_o and_o down_o in_o small_a cluster_n in_o place_n very_o remote_a from_o water_n and_o this_o spring_n i_o oberve_v one_o day_n when_o the_o wind_n be_v very_o calm_a and_o the_o afternoon_n very_o fair_a and_o pretty_a warm_a though_o it_o have_v for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v very_o cold_a weather_n and_o the_o wind_n continue_v still_o in_o the_o east_n several_a small_a swarm_n of_o they_o play_v to_o and_o fro_o in_o little_a cloud_n in_o the_o sun_n each_o of_o which_o be_v not_o a_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o one_o of_o these_o i_o here_o have_v delineate_v though_o very_o much_o of_o the_o same_o shape_n which_o make_v i_o guess_v that_o each_o of_o those_o swarm_n may_v be_v the_o offspring_n of_o one_o only_a gnat_n which_o have_v be_v hoard_a up_o in_o some_o safe_a repository_n all_o this_o winter_n by_o some_o provident_a parent_n and_o be_v now_o by_o the_o warmth_n of_o the_o spring-air_n hatch_v into_o little_a fly_n and_o indeed_o so_o various_a and_o seem_o irregular_a be_v the_o generation_n or_o production_n of_o infect_v that_o he_o that_o shall_v careful_o and_o diligent_o observe_v the_o several_a method_n of_o nature_n therein_o will_v have_v infinite_o cause_n further_o to_o admire_v the_o wisdom_n and_o providence_n of_o the_o creator_n for_o not_o only_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o creature_n may_v be_v produce_v from_o several_a kind_n of_o way_n but_o the_o very_a same_o creature_n may_v produce_v several_a kind_n for_o as_o divers_a watch_n may_v be_v make_v out_o of_o several_a material_n which_o may_v yet_o have_v all_o the_o same_o appearance_n and_o move_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o be_v s●●w_v the_o hour_n equal_o true_a the_o one_o as_o the_o other_o and_o out_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o matter_n like_o watch_n may_v be_v wrought_v differ_v way_n and_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o watch_n may_v by_o be_v diverse_o agitate_a or_o move_v by_o this_o or_o that_o agent_n or_o after_o this_o or_o that_o manner_n produce_v a_o quite_o contrary_a effect_n so_o may_v it_o be_v with_o these_o most_o curious_a engine_n of_o insect_n body_n the_o alwise_a god_n of_o nature_n may_v have_v so_o order_v and_o dispose_v the_o little_a automatons_n that_o when_o nourish_v act_v or_o enliven_v by_o this_o cause_n they_o produce_v one_o kind_n of_o effect_n or_o animate_v shape_n when_o by_o another_o they_o act_n quite_o another_o way_n and_o another_o animal_n be_v produce_v so_o may_v he_o so_o order_v several_a material_n as_o to_o make_v they_o by_o several_a kind_n of_o method_n produce_v similar_v automatons_n but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o description_n of_o this_o insect_n as_o it_o appear_v through_o a_o microscope_n of_o which_o a_o representation_n be_v make_v in_o the_o 28._o scheme_n it_o be_v head_n a_o be_v exceed_v small_a in_o proportion_n to_o its_o body_n consist_v of_o two_o cluster_n of_o pearl_a eye_n bb_v on_o each_o side_n of_o its_o head_n who_o pearl_n or_o eyeball_n be_v curious_o range_v like_o those_o of_o other_o fly_n between_o these_o in_o the_o forehead_n of_o it_o there_o be_v place_v upon_o two_o small_a black_a ball_n cc_o two_o long_o joint_v horn_n taper_v towards_o the_o top_n much_o resemble_v the_o long_a horn_n of_o lobster_n each_o of_o who_o stem_n or_o quill_n dd_a be_v bristle_a or_o brush_v with_o multitude_n of_o small_a stiff_a hair_n issue_v out_o every_o way_n from_o the_o several_a joint_n like_o the_o string_n or_o sprouting_n of_o the_o herb_n horse-tail_n which_o be_v oft_o observe_v to_o grow_v among_o corn_n and_o for_o the_o whole_a shape_n it_o do_v very_o much_o resemble_v those_o brushy_a vegetable_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v two_o other_o joint_v and_o bristle_a horn_n or_o feeler_n i_o in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o head_n and_o a_o proboseis_n f_o underneath_o which_o in_o some_o gnat_n be_v very_o long_o straight_o hollow_a pipe_n by_o which_o these_o creature_n be_v able_a to_o drill_v and_o penetrate_v the_o skin_n and_o thence_o through_o those_o pipe_n suck_v so_o much_o blood_n as_o to_o stuff_v their_o belly_n so_o full_a till_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o burst_v this_o small_a head_n with_o its_o appurtenance_n be_v fasten_v on_o by_o a_o short_a neck_n g_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o thorax_n which_o be_v large_a and_o seem_v case_v with_o a_o strong_a black_a shell_n hik_fw-mi out_o of_o the_o under_o part_n of_o which_o issue_n six_o long_a and_o slender_a leg_n llllll_n shape_v just_a like_o the_o leg_n of_o fly_n but_o spin_v or_o draw_v out_o long_o and_o slendere_a which_o can_v not_o be_v express_v in_o the_o figure_n because_o of_o their_o great_a length_n and_o from_o the_o upper_a part_n two_o oblong_a but_o slender_a transparent_a wing_n mm_o
that_o have_v lay_v those_o egg_n for_o have_v many_o time_n observe_v those_o egg_n which_o usual_o be_v find_v in_o great_a abundance_n where_o mite_n be_v find_v it_o seem_v something_o strange_a that_o so_o small_a a_o animal_n shall_v have_v a_o egg_n so_o big_a in_o proportion_n to_o its_o body_n though_o on_o the_o other_o side_n i_o must_v confess_v that_o have_v keep_v divers_a of_o those_o mite_n enclose_v in_o a_o box_n for_o a_o good_a while_n i_o do_v not_o find_v they_o very_o much_o augment_v beyond_o their_o usual_a bigness_n what_o the_o husk_n and_o cobweb_n of_o this_o little_a white_a substance_n shall_v be_v i_o can_v imagine_v unless_o it_o be_v that_o the_o old_a one_o when_o impregnate_v with_o egg_n shall_v there_o stay_v and_o fix_v itself_o on_o the_o vine_n and_o die_v and_o all_o the_o body_n by_o degree_n shall_v rot_v save_v only_o the_o husk_n and_o the_o egg_n in_o the_o body_n and_o the_o heat_n or_o fire_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o approach_a sunbeam_n shall_v vivifie_v those_o relic_n of_o the_o corrupt_a parent_n and_o out_o of_o the_o ash_n as_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v fable_v of_o the_o phoenix_n shall_v raise_v a_o new_a offspring_n for_o the_o perpetuation_n of_o the_o species_n nor_o will_v the_o cobweb_n as_o it_o be_v in_o which_o these_o egg_n be_v enclose_v make_v much_o against_o this_o conjecture_n for_o we_o may_v by_o those_o cobweb_n that_o be_v carry_v up_o and_o down_o the_o air_n after_o a_o fog_n which_o with_o my_o microscope_n i_o have_v discover_v to_o be_v make_v up_o of_o a_o infinite_a company_n of_o small_a filament_n or_o thread_n learn_v that_o such_o a_o texture_n of_o body_n may_v be_v otherwise_o make_v then_o by_o the_o spin_v of_o a_o worm_n obseru._n lvii_o of_o the_o eel_n in_o vinegar_n of_o these_o small_a eel_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o divers_a sort_n of_o vinegar_n i_o have_v little_a to_o add_v beside_o their_o picture_n which_o you_o may_v find_v draw_v in_o the_o three_o figure_n of_o the_o 25._o scheme_n that_o be_v they_o be_v shape_v much_o like_o a_o eel_n save_v only_o that_o their_o nose_n a_o which_o be_v a_o little_a more_o opacous_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o body_n be_v a_o little_o sharp_a and_o long_o in_o proportion_n to_o their_o body_n and_o the_o wriggle_a motion_n of_o their_o body_n seem_v to_o be_v only_o upward_o and_o downward_o whereas_o that_o of_o eel_n be_v only_a side_n way_n they_o seem_v to_o have_v a_o more_o opacous_a part_n about_o b_o which_o may_v perhaps_o be_v their_o gills_o it_o seem_v always_o the_o same_o proportionate_a distant_a from_o their_o nose_n from_o which_o to_o the_o tip_n of_o their_o tail_n c_o their_o body_n seem_v to_o taper_n take_v several_a of_o these_o out_o of_o their_o pond_n of_o vinegar_n by_o the_o net_n of_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o filter_a paper_n and_o lay_v they_o on_o a_o black_a smooth_a glass_n plate_n i_o find_v that_o they_o can_v wriggle_v and_o wind_v their_o body_n as_o much_o almost_o as_o a_o snake_n which_o make_v i_o doubt_n whether_o they_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o eal_n or_o leech_n i_o shall_v add_v no_o other_o observation_n make_v on_o this_o minute_n animal_n be_v prevent_v herein_o by_o many_o excellent_a one_o already_o publish_v by_o the_o ingenious_a doctor_n power_n among_o his_o microscopical_a observation_n save_v only_o that_o a_o quantity_n of_o vinegar_n replete_a with_o they_o be_v include_v in_o a_o small_a viol_n and_o stop_v very_o close_o from_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n all_o the_o include_v worm_n in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n die_v as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v stifle_v and_o that_o their_o motion_n seem_v contrary_a to_o what_o we_o may_v observe_v in_o the_o motion_n of_o all_o other_o infect_v exceed_v slow_a but_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o seem_v plain_a for_o be_v to_o move_v to_o and_o fro_o after_o that_o manner_n which_o they_o do_v by_o wave_v only_o or_o wriggle_v their_o body_n the_o tenacity_n or_o glutinousness_n and_o the_o density_n or_o resistance_n of_o the_o fluid_a medium_n become_v so_o exceed_o sensible_a to_o their_o extreme_o minute_n body_n that_o it_o be_v to_o i_o indeed_o a_o great_a wonder_n that_o they_o move_v they_o so_o fast_o as_o they_o do_v then_o that_o they_o move_v they_o no_o fast_o for_o what_o a_o vast_o great_a proportion_n have_v they_o of_o their_o superficies_n to_o their_o bulk_n than_o eel_n or_o other_o large_a fish_n and_o next_o the_o tenacity_n and_o density_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v much_o the_o same_o to_o be_v move_v both_o by_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o the_o resistance_n or_o impediment_n thence_o arise_v to_o the_o motion_n make_v through_o it_o must_v be_v almost_o infinite_o great_a to_o the_o small_a one_o then_o to_o the_o great_a this_o we_o find_v experimental_o verify_v in_o the_o air_n which_o though_o a_o medium_n a_o thousand_o time_n more_o rarify_v than_o the_o water_n the_o resistance_n of_o it_o to_o motion_n make_v through_o it_o be_v yet_o so_o sensible_a to_o very_a minute_n body_n that_o a_o down-feather_n the_o least_o of_o who_o part_n seem_v yet_o big_a than_o these_o eel_n and_o many_o of_o they_o almost_o incomparable_o big_a such_o as_o the_o quill_n and_o stalk_n be_v suspend_v by_o it_o and_o carry_v to_o and_o fro_o as_o if_o it_o have_v no_o weight_n obseru._n lviii_o of_o a_o new_a property_n in_o the_o air_n and_o several_a other_o transparent_a medium_n name_v inflection_n whereby_o very_a many_o considerable_a phaenomena_n be_v attempt_v to_o be_v solve_v and_o divers_a other_o use_n be_v hint_v since_o the_o invention_n and_o perfect_v in_o some_o measure_n of_o telescope_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o several_a that_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n near_o the_o horizon_n be_v disfigure_v lose_v that_o exactly-smooth_a terminate_n circular_a limb_n which_o they_o be_v observe_v to_o have_v when_o situate_v near_o the_o zenith_n and_o be_v bound_v with_o a_o edge_n every_o way_n especial_o upon_o the_o right_n and_o left_a side_n ragged_a and_o indent_a like_o a_o saw_n which_o inequality_n of_o their_o limb_n i_o have_v further_o observe_v not_o to_o remain_v always_o the_o same_o but_o to_o be_v continual_o change_v by_o a_o kind_n of_o fluctuate_a motion_n not_o unlike_a that_o of_o the_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n so_o as_o that_o part_n of_o the_o limb_n which_o be_v but_o even_o now_o nick_v or_o indent_v in_o be_v now_o protuberant_a and_o will_v present_o be_v sink_v again_o neither_o be_v this_o all_o but_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o luminary_n do_v in_o the_o telescope_n seem_v to_o be_v depress_v and_o flat_v the_o upper_a and_o more_o especial_o the_o under_o side_n appear_v near_o to_o the_o middle_n then_o real_o they_o be_v and_o the_o right_a and_o left_a appear_v more_o remote_a whence_o the_o whole_a area_n seem_v to_o be_v terminate_v by_o a_o kind_n of_o oval_n it_o be_v further_a observe_v that_o the_o body_n for_o the_o most_o part_n appear_v red_a or_o of_o some_o colour_n approach_v near_o unto_o it_o as_o some_o kind_n of_o yellow_a and_o this_o i_o have_v always_o mark_v that_o the_o more_o the_o limb_n be_v flat_v or_o ovall_v the_o more_o red_a do_v the_o body_n appear_v though_o not_o always_o the_o contrary_n it_o be_v further_a observable_a that_o both_o fix_a star_n and_o planet_n the_o near_o they_o appear_v to_o the_o horizon_n the_o more_o red_a and_o dull_a they_o look_v and_o the_o more_o they_o be_v observe_v to_o twinkle_v in_o so_o much_o that_o i_o have_v see_v the_o dog-starr_n to_o vibrate_v so_o strong_a and_o bright_a a_o radiation_n of_o light_n as_o almost_o to_o dazzle_v my_o eye_n and_o present_o almost_o to_o disappear_v it_o be_v also_o observable_a that_o those_o bright_a scintillation_n near_o the_o horizon_n be_v not_o by_o much_o so_o quick_a and_o sudden_a in_o their_o consecution_n of_o one_o another_o as_o the_o nimble_a twinkle_n of_o star_n near_o the_o zenith_n this_o be_v also_o notable_a that_o the_o star_n near_o the_o horizon_n be_v twinkle_v with_o several_a colour_n so_o as_o sometime_o to_o appear_v red_a sometime_o more_o yellow_a and_o sometime_o blue_a and_o this_o when_o the_o star_n be_v a_o pretty_a way_n elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n i_o have_v further_o very_o often_o see_v some_o of_o the_o small_a star_n of_o the_o five_o or_o six_o magnitude_n at_o certain_a time_n to_o disappear_v for_o a_o small_a moment_n of_o time_n and_o again_o appear_v more_o conspicuous_a and_o with_o a_o great_a lustre_n i_o have_v several_a time_n with_o my_o naked_a eye_n see_v many_o small_a star_n such_o as_o may_v be_v call_v of_o the_o seven_o or_o eight_o magnitude_n to_o appear_v for_o a_o short_a space_n and_o then_o
now_o that_o it_o be_v a_o curve_v line_n be_v manifest_a by_o this_o experiment_n i_o take_v a_o box_n such_o as_o adge_v in_o the_o first_o figure_n of_o the_o 37._o scheme_n who_o side_n abcd_v and_o efgh_a be_v make_v of_o two_o smooth_a flat_a plate_n of_o glass_n then_o fill_v it_o half_o full_a with_o a_o very_a strong_a solution_n of_o salt_n i_o fill_v the_o other_o half_a with_o very_o fair_a fresh_a water_n then_o expose_v the_o opacous_a side_n dhgc_a to_o the_o sun_n i_o observe_v both_o the_o refraction_n and_o inflection_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n id_fw-la &_o kh_n and_o mark_v as_o exact_o as_o i_o can_v the_o point_n p_o n_o o_o m_o by_o which_o the_o ray_n kh_n pass_v through_o the_o compound_a medium_n i_o find_v they_o to_o be_v in_o a_o curve_v line_n for_o the_o part_n of_o the_o medium_n be_v continual_o more_o dense_a the_o near_o they_o be_v to_o the_o bottom_n the_o ray_n pf_o be_v continual_o more_o and_o more_o deflect_v downward_o from_o the_o straight_a line_n schem_n xxxvii_o i_o can_v produce_v many_o more_o example_n and_o experiment_n to_o illustrate_v and_o prove_v this_o first_o proposition_n viz._n that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o constitution_n of_o some_o body_n as_o will_v cause_v inflection_n as_o not_o to_o mention_v those_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o horn_n tortoise-shell_n transparent_a gum_n and_o resinous_a substance_n the_o vein_n of_o glass_n nay_o of_o melt_a crystal_n find_v and_o much_o complain_v of_o by_o glass-grinder_n and_o other_o may_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o to_o any_o diligent_a observator_fw-la but_o that_o i_o presume_v i_o have_v by_o this_o example_n give_v proof_n sufficient_a viz._n ocular_a demonstration_n to_o evince_v that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o modulation_n or_o bend_v of_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n as_o i_o have_v call_v inflection_n differ_v both_o from_o reflection_n and_o refraction_n since_o they_o be_v both_o make_v in_o the_o superficies_n this_o only_a in_o the_o middle_a and_o likewise_o that_o this_o be_v able_a or_o sufficient_a to_o produce_v the_o effect_n i_o have_v ascribe_v to_o it_o it_o remain_v therefore_o to_o show_v that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o property_n in_o the_o air_n and_o that_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o produce_v all_o the_o above_o mention_v phaenomena_n and_o therefore_o may_v be_v the_o principal_a if_o not_o the_o only_a cause_n of_o they_o first_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o property_n may_v be_v prove_v from_o this_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o air_n be_v some_o of_o they_o more_o condense_v other_o more_o rarify_v either_o by_o the_o differ_a heat_n or_o differ_v pressure_n it_o sustain_v or_o by_o the_o somewhat_o heterogeneous_a vapour_n intersperse_v through_o it_o for_o as_o the_o air_n be_v more_o or_o less_o rarify_v so_o do_v it_o more_o or_o less_o refract_v a_o ray_n of_o light_n that_o come_v out_o of_o a_o denser_n medium_n from_o the_o perpendicular_a this_o you_o may_v find_v true_a if_o you_o make_v trial_n of_o this_o experiment_n take_v a_o small_a glass-bubble_n make_v in_o the_o form_n of_o that_o in_o the_o second_o figure_n of_o the_o 37._o scheme_n and_o by_o heat_n the_o glass_n very_o hot_a and_o thereby_o very_a much_o rarify_n the_o include_v air_n or_o which_o be_v better_o by_o rarify_n a_o small_a quantity_n of_o water_n include_v in_o it_o into_o vapour_n which_o will_v expel_v the_o most_o part_n if_o not_o all_o the_o air_n and_o then_o seal_v up_o the_o small_a neck_n of_o it_o and_o let_v it_o cool_a you_o may_v find_v if_o you_o place_v it_o in_o a_o convenient_a instrument_n that_o there_o will_v be_v a_o manifest_a difference_n as_o to_o the_o refraction_n as_o if_o in_o this_o second_o figure_n you_o suppose_v a_o to_o represent_v a_o small_a sight_n or_o hole_n through_o which_o the_o eye_n look_v upon_o a_o object_n as_o c_o through_o the_o glass-bubble_n b_o and_o the_o second_o sight_n l_o all_o which_o remain_v exact_o fix_v in_o their_o several_a place_n the_o object_n c_o being_n so_o cize_v and_o place_v that_o it_o may_v just_o seem_v to_o touch_v the_o upper_a and_o under_o edge_n of_o the_o hole_n l_o and_o so_o all_o of_o it_o be_v see_v through_o the_o small_a glass-ball_n of_o rarify_v air_n then_o by_o break_v off_o the_o small_a seal_a neck_n of_o the_o bubble_n without_o at_o all_o stir_v the_o sight_n object_n or_o glass_n and_o admit_v the_o external_a air_n you_o will_v find_v yourself_o unable_a to_o see_v the_o utmost_a end_n of_o the_o object_n but_o the_o terminate_a ray_n ae_n and_o ad_fw-la which_o be_v before_o refract_v to_o g_z and_o f_o by_o the_o rarefy_v air_n will_v proceed_v almost_o direct_o to_o i_o and_o h_n which_o alteration_n of_o the_o ray_n see_v there_o be_v no_o other_o alteration_n make_v in_o the_o organ_n by_o which_o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v save_v only_o the_o admission_n or_o exclusion_n of_o the_o condense_v air_n must_v necessary_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o medium_n contain_v in_o the_o glass_n b_o the_o great_a difficulty_n in_o the_o make_n of_o which_o experiment_n be_v from_o the_o uneven_a surface_n of_o the_o bubble_n which_o will_v represent_v a_o uneven_a image_n of_o the_o object_n now_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o difference_n of_o the_o upper_a and_o under_o part_n of_o the_o air_n be_v clear_a enough_o evince_v from_o the_o late_a improvement_n of_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n which_o have_v be_v try_v at_o the_o top_n and_o foot_n of_o mountain_n and_o may_v be_v further_o illustrate_v and_o inquire_v into_o by_o a_o mean_n which_o some_o while_n since_o i_o think_v of_o and_o use_v for_o the_o find_n by_o what_o degree_n the_o air_n pass_v from_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o density_n to_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o rarity_n and_o another_o for_o the_o find_v what_o pressure_n be_v requisite_a to_o make_v it_o pass_v from_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o rarefaction_n to_o a_o determinate_a density_n which_o experiment_n because_o they_o may_v be_v useful_a to_o illustrate_v the_o present_a inquiry_n i_o shall_v brief_o describe_v 3._o i_o take_v then_o a_o small_a glass-pipe_n ab_fw-la about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o swan_n quill_n and_o about_o four_o foot_n long_o which_o be_v very_o equal_o draw_v so_o that_o as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v perceive_v no_o one_o part_n be_v big_a than_o another_o this_o tube_n be_v open_a at_o both_o end_n i_o fit_v into_o another_o small_a tube_n de_fw-fr that_o have_v a_o small_a bear_v just_o big_a enough_o to_o contain_v the_o small_a pipe_n and_o this_o be_v seal_v up_o at_o one_o and_o open_a at_o the_o other_o end_n about_o which_o open_a end_n i_o fasten_v a_o small_a wooden_a box_n c_o with_o cement_n so_o that_o fill_v the_o big_a tube_n and_o part_n of_o the_o box_n with_o quicksilver_n i_o can_v thrust_v the_o small_a tube_n into_o it_o till_o it_o well_o all_o cover_v with_o the_o quicksilver_n have_v thus_o do_v i_o fasten_v my_o big_a tube_n against_o the_o side_n of_o a_o wall_n that_o it_o may_v stand_v the_o steady_a and_o plunge_v the_o small_a tube_n clear_a under_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o box_n i_o stop_v the_o upper_a end_n of_o it_o very_o fast_o with_o cement_n then_o lift_v up_o the_o small_a tube_n i_o draw_v it_o up_o by_o a_o small_a pulley_n and_o a_o string_n that_o i_o have_v fasten_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o room_n and_o find_v the_o height_n of_o the_o mercurial_a cylinder_n to_o be_v about_o twenty_o nine_o inch_n then_o let_v down_o the_o tube_n again_o i_o open_v the_o top_n and_o then_o thrust_v down_o the_o small_a tube_n till_o i_o perceive_v the_o quicksilver_n to_o rise_v within_o it_o to_o a_o mark_n that_o i_o have_v place_v just_o a_o inch_n from_o the_o top_n and_o immediate_o clap_v on_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o cement_n that_o i_o have_v keep_v warm_a i_o with_o a_o hot_a iron_n seal_v up_o the_o top_n very_o fast_o then_o let_v it_o cool_a that_o both_o the_o cement_n may_v grow_v hard_a and_o more_o especial_o that_o the_o air_n may_v come_v to_o its_o temper_n natural_a for_o the_o day_n i_o try_v the_o experiment_n in_o i_o observe_v diligent_o and_o find_v the_o include_v air_n to_o be_v exact_o a_o inch._n here_o you_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o after_o the_o air_n be_v seal_v up_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v not_o to_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n in_o the_o box_n till_o the_o surface_n of_o that_o within_o the_o tube_n be_v equal_a to_o it_o for_o the_o quicksilver_n as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o prove_v be_v more_o heterogeneous_a to_o the_o glass_n than_o the_o air_n will_v not_o natural_o rise_v up_o so_o high_a within_o the_o small_a pipe_n
purpose_n which_o be_v indeed_o the_o chief_a cause_n of_o invent_v these_o way_n of_o trial_n we_o will_v suppose_v a_o cylinder_n indefinite_o extend_v upward_o i_o say_v a_o cylinder_n not_o a_o piece_n of_o a_o cone_n because_o as_o i_o may_v elsewhere_o show_v in_o the_o explication_n of_o gravity_n that_o triplicate_v proportion_n of_o the_o shell_n of_o a_o sphere_n to_o their_o respective_a diameter_n i_o suppose_v to_o be_v remove_v in_o this_o case_n by_o the_o decrease_n of_o the_o power_n of_o gravity_n and_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o cylinder_n to_o be_v strong_a enough_o to_o keep_v up_o a_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n of_o thirty_o inch_n now_o because_o by_o the_o most_o accurate_a trial_n of_o the_o most_o illustrious_a and_o incomparable_a mr._n boyle_n publish_v in_o he_o deserve_o famous_a pneumatick_a book_n the_o weight_n of_o quicksilver_n to_o that_o of_o the_o air_n here_o below_o be_v find_v near_o about_o as_o fourteen_o thousand_o to_o one_o if_o we_o suppose_v the_o part_n of_o the_o cylinder_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n to_o be_v every_o where_o of_o a_o equal_a density_n we_o shall_v as_o he_o there_o deduce_v find_v it_o extend_v to_o the_o height_n of_o thirty_o five_o thousand_o foot_n or_o seven_o mile_n but_o because_o by_o these_o experiment_n we_o have_v somewhat_o confirm_v the_o hypothesis_n of_o the_o reciprocal_a proportion_n of_o the_o elater_n to_o the_o extension_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o by_o suppose_v this_o cylinder_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n divide_v into_o a_o thousand_o part_n each_o of_o which_o be_v equivalent_a to_o thirty_o five_o foot_n or_o seven_o geometrical_a pace_n that_o be_v each_o of_o these_o division_n contain_v as_o much_o air_n as_o be_v suppose_v in_o a_o cylinder_n near_o the_o earth_n of_o equal_a diameter_n and_o thirty_o five_o foot_n high_a we_o shall_v find_v the_o lowermost_a to_o press_v against_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o the_o whole_a weight_n of_o the_o above_o mention_v thousand_o part_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o second_o against_o the_o top_n of_o the_o first_o to_o be_v 1000_o 1_o =_o 999._o of_o the_o three_o against_o the_o second_o to_o be_v 1000_o 2_o =_o 998._o of_o the_o four_o against_o the_o three_o to_o be_v 1000_o ●_o 3_o =_o 997._o of_o the_o uppermost_a against_o the_o 999._o or_o that_o next_o below_o it_o to_o be_v 1000_o 999_o =_o 1._o so_o that_o the_o extension_n of_o the_o lowermost_a next_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v to_o the_o extension_n of_o the_o next_o below_o the_o uppermost_a as_o 1._o to_o 999._o for_o as_o the_o pressure_n sustain_v by_o the_o 999._o be_v to_o the_o pressure_n sustain_v by_o the_o first_o so_o be_v the_o extension_n of_o the_o first_o to_o the_o extension_n of_o the_o 999._o so_o that_o from_o this_o hypothetical_a calculation_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o air_n to_o be_v indefinite_o extend_v for_o if_o we_o suppose_v the_o whole_a thickness_n of_o the_o air_n to_o be_v divide_v as_o i_o just_a now_o instance_a into_o a_o thousand_o part_n and_o each_o of_o those_o under_o differ_v dimension_n or_o altitude_n to_o contain_v a_o equal_a quantity_n of_o air_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o first_o cylinder_n who_o base_a be_v suppose_v to_o lean_v on_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v extend_v 35_o 35_o 999_o foot_n the_o second_o equal_a division_n or_o cylinder_n who_o basis_n be_v suppose_v to_o lean_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o first_o shall_v have_v its_o top_n extend_v high_a by_o 35_o 70_o 998_o the_o three_o 35_o 105_o 997_o the_o four_o 35_o 140_o 996_o and_o so_o onward_o each_o equal_a quantity_n of_o air_n have_v its_o dimension_n measure_v by_o 35_o and_o some_o additional_a number_n express_v always_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o fraction_n who_o numerator_n be_v always_o the_o number_n of_o the_o place_n multiply_v by_o 35._o and_o who_o denominator_fw-la be_v always_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n sustain_v by_o that_o part_n so_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v we_o may_v easy_o calculate_v the_o height_n of_o 999._o division_n of_o those_o 1000_o division_n i_o suppose_v whereas_o the_o uppermost_a may_v extend_v itself_o more_o then_o as_o high_a again_o nay_o perhaps_o indefinite_o or_o beyond_o the_o moon_n for_o the_o elater_n and_o expansion_n be_v in_o reciprocal_a proportion_n since_o we_o can_v yet_o find_v the_o plus_fw-la ultra_fw-la beyond_o which_o the_o air_n will_v not_o expand_v itself_o we_o can_v determine_v the_o height_n of_o the_o air_n for_o since_o as_o we_o have_v show_v the_o proportion_n will_v be_v always_o as_o the_o pressure_n sustain_v by_o any_o part_n be_v to_o 35._o so_o 1000_o to_o the_o expansion_n of_o that_o part_n the_o multiplication_n or_o product_n therefore_o of_o the_o pressure_n and_o expansion_n that_o be_v of_o the_o two_o extreme_a proportional_n be_v always_o equal_a to_o the_o product_n of_o the_o mean_n or_o 35000._o it_o follow_v since_o that_o rectangle_n or_o product_n may_v be_v make_v up_o of_o the_o multiplication_n of_o infinite_a diversity_n of_o number_n that_o the_o height_n of_o the_o air_n be_v also_o indefinite_a for_o since_o as_o far_o as_o i_o have_v yet_o be_v able_a to_o try_v the_o air_n seem_v capable_a of_o a_o indefinite_a expansion_n the_o pressure_n may_v be_v decrease_v in_o infinitunt_fw-la and_o consequent_o its_o expansion_n upward_o indefinite_a also_o there_o be_v therefore_o such_o a_o difference_n of_o density_n and_o no_o experiment_n yet_o know_v to_o prove_v a_o saltus_n or_o skip_v from_o one_o degree_n of_o rarity_n to_o another_o much_o differ_v from_o it_o that_o be_v that_o a_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o air_n shall_v so_o much_o differ_v from_o that_o immediate_o subjacent_a to_o it_o as_o to_o make_v a_o distinct_a superficies_n such_o as_o we_o observe_v between_o the_o air_n and_o water_n etc._n etc._n but_o it_o be_v more_o likely_a that_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a increase_n of_o rarity_n in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o air_n the_o further_o they_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o will_v hence_o necessary_o follow_v that_o as_o in_o the_o experiment_n of_o the_o salt_n and_o fresh_a water_n the_o ray_n of_o light_n pass_v oblique_o through_o the_o air_n also_o which_o be_v of_o very_o different_a density_n will_v be_v continual_o and_o infinite_o inflect_v or_o bend_a from_o a_o straight_a or_o direct_a motion_n this_o grant_v the_o reason_n of_o all_o the_o above_o recite_v phaenomena_n concern_v the_o appearance_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n will_v very_o easy_o be_v deduce_v as_o first_o the_o redness_n of_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o inflection_n of_o the_o ray_n within_o the_o atmosphere_n that_o it_o be_v not_o real_o in_o or_o near_o the_o luminous_a body_n will_n i_o suppose_v be_v very_o easy_o grant_v see_v that_o this_o redness_n be_v observable_a in_o several_a place_n differ_v in_o longitude_n to_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n different_a the_o set_n and_o rise_v sun_n of_o all_o part_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n red_a and_o second_o that_o it_o be_v not_o mere_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o air_n interpose_v will_n i_o suppose_v without_o much_o more_o difficulty_n be_v yield_v see_v that_o we_o may_v observe_v a_o very_a great_a interstitium_fw-la of_o air_n betwixt_o the_o object_n and_o the_o eye_n make_v it_o appear_v of_o a_o dead_a blue_a far_o enough_o differ_v from_o a_o red_a or_o yellow_a but_o three_o that_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o refraction_n or_o inflection_n of_o the_o ray_n by_o the_o atmosphere_n this_o follow_a experiment_n will_v i_o suppose_v sufficient_o manifest_a take_v a_o spherical_a crystalline_a viol_n such_o as_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o five_o figure_n abcd_n and_o have_v fill_v it_o with_o pure_a clear_a water_n expose_v it_o to_o the_o sun_n beam_n then_o take_v a_o piece_n of_o very_o fine_a venice_n paper_n apply_v it_o against_o that_o side_n of_o the_o globe_n that_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o sun_n as_o against_o the_o side_n bc_n and_o you_o shall_v perceive_v a_o bright_a red_a ring_n to_o appear_v cause_v by_o the_o refraction_n of_o the_o ray_n aaaa_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o globe_n in_o which_o experiment_n if_o the_o glass_n and_o water_n be_v very_o clear_a so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o sand_n nor_o bubble_n in_o the_o glass_n nor_o dirt_n in_o the_o water_n you_o shall_v not_o perceive_v any_o appearance_n of_o any_o other_o colour_n to_o apply_v which_o experiment_n we_o may_v imagine_v the_o atmosphere_n to_o be_v a_o great_a transparent_a globe_n which_o be_v of_o a_o substance_n more_o dense_a than_o the_o other_o or_o which_o come_v to_o the_o same_o that_o have_v its_o part_n
from_o which_o a_o like_a refraction_n and_o condensation_n will_v follow_v and_o consequent_o a_o lesser_a or_o great_a refraction_n so_o that_o every_o include_v part_n will_v refract_v more_o than_o the_o including_z by_o which_o mean_v the_o ray_n gki_n gki_n come_v from_o a_o star_n or_o some_o remote_a object_n be_v so_o inflect_v that_o they_o will_v again_o concur_v and_o meet_v in_o the_o point_n m._n by_o the_o interposition_n therefore_o of_o this_o descend_a vapour_n the_o visible_a body_n of_o the_o star_n or_o other_o object_n be_v very_o much_o augment_v as_o by_o the_o former_a it_o be_v diminish_v from_o the_o quick_a consecution_n of_o these_o two_o one_o after_o another_o between_o the_o object_n and_o your_o eye_n cause_v by_o their_o motion_n upward_o or_o downward_o proceed_v from_o their_o levity_n or_o gravity_n or_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a proceed_v from_o the_o wind_n a_o star_n may_v appear_v now_o big_a now_o less_o then_o real_o it_o will_v otherwise_o without_o they_o and_o this_o be_v that_o property_n of_o a_o star_n which_o be_v common_o call_v twinkle_v or_o scintillation_n the_o reason_n why_o a_o star_n will_v now_o appear_v of_o one_o colour_n now_o of_o another_o which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n happen_v when_o it_o be_v near_o the_o horizon_n may_v very_o easy_o be_v deduce_v from_o its_o appear_v now_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o vapour_n other_o while_n near_o the_o edge_n for_o if_o you_o look_v against_o the_o body_n of_o a_o star_n with_o a_o telescope_n that_o have_v a_o pretty_a deep_a convex_a eye-glass_n and_o so_o order_v it_o that_o the_o star_n may_v appear_v sometime_o in_o one_o place_n and_o sometime_o in_o another_o of_o it_o you_o may_v perceive_v this_o or_o that_o particular_a colour_n to_o be_v predominant_a in_o the_o apparent_a figure_n of_o the_o star_n according_a as_o it_o be_v more_o or_o less_o remote_a from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o lens_n this_o i_o have_v here_o further_o explain_v but_o that_o it_o do_v more_o proper_o belong_v to_o another_o place_n i_o shall_v therefore_o only_o add_v some_o few_o query_n which_o the_o consideration_n of_o these_o particular_n hint_v and_o so_o finish_v this_o section_n and_o the_o first_o i_o shall_v propound_v be_v whether_o there_o may_v not_o be_v make_v a_o artificial_a transparent_a body_n of_o a_o exact_a globular_a figure_n that_o shall_v so_o inflect_v or_o refract_v all_o the_o ray_n that_o come_v from_o one_o point_n fall_v upon_o any_o hemisphere_n of_o it_o that_o every_o one_o of_o they_o may_v meet_v on_o the_o opposite_a side_n and_o cross_v one_o another_o exact_o in_o a_o point_n and_o that_o it_o may_v do_v the_o like_a also_o with_o all_o the_o ray_n that_o come_v from_o a_o lateral_a point_n fall_v upon_o any_o other_o hemisphere_n for_o if_o so_o there_o be_v to_o be_v hope_v a_o perfection_n of_o dioptric_n and_o a_o transmigration_n into_o heaven_n even_o while_o we_o remain_v here_o upon_o earth_n in_o the_o flesh_n and_o a_o descend_v or_o penetrate_v into_o the_o centre_n and_o innermost_a recess_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o all_o earthly_a body_n nay_o it_o will_v open_v not_o only_o a_o cranney_n but_o a_o large_a window_n as_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v into_o the_o shop_n of_o nature_n whereby_o we_o may_v be_v enable_v to_o see_v both_o the_o tool_n and_o operator_n and_o the_o very_a manner_n of_o the_o operation_n be_v self_n of_o nature_n this_o can_v it_o be_v effect_v will_v as_o far_o surpass_v all_o other_o kind_n of_o perspective_n as_o the_o vast_a extent_n of_o heaven_n do_v the_o small_a point_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o distance_n it_o will_v immediate_o remove_v and_o unite_v they_o as_o it_o be_v into_o one_o at_o least_o that_o there_o shall_v appear_v no_o more_o distance_n between_o they_o then_o the_o length_n of_o the_o tube_n into_o the_o end_n of_o which_o these_o glass_n shall_v be●n_v sert_v now_o whether_o this_o may_v not_o be_v effect_v with_o parcel_n of_o glass_n of_o several_a density_n i_o have_v sometime_o proceed_v so_o far_o as_o to_o doubt_v though_o in_o truth_n as_o to_o the_o general_a i_o have_v whole_o despair_v of_o it_o for_o i_o have_v often_o observe_v in_o optical_a glass_n a_o very_a great_a variety_n of_o the_o part_n which_o be_v common_o call_v vein_n nay_o some_o of_o they_o round_o enough_o for_o they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n draw_v out_o into_o string_n to_o constitute_v a_o kind_n of_o lens_n this_o i_o shall_v further_o proceed_v to_o open_v have_v any_o one_o be_v so_o inquisitive_a as_o to_o have_v find_v out_o the_o way_n of_o make_v any_o transparent_a body_n either_o more_o dense_a or_o more_o rare_a for_o than_o it_o may_v be_v possible_a to_o compose_v a_o globule_n that_o shall_v be_v more_o dense_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o then_o in_o any_o other_o part_n and_o to_o compose_v the_o whole_a bulk_n so_o as_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o continual_a gradual_a transition_n from_o one_o degree_n of_o density_n to_o another_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v find_v requisite_a for_o the_o desire_a inflection_n of_o the_o transmigrate_a ray_n but_o of_o this_o enough_o at_o present_a because_o i_o may_v say_v more_o of_o it_o when_o i_o set_v down_o my_o own_o trial_n concern_v the_o melioration_n of_o dioptric_n where_o i_o shall_v enumerate_v with_o how_o many_o several_a substance_n i_o have_v make_v both_o microscope_n and_o telescope_n and_o by_o what_o and_o how_o many_o way_n let_v such_o as_o have_v leisure_n and_o opportunity_n far_o consider_v it_o the_o next_o quaery_n shall_v be_v whether_o by_o the_o same_o collection_n of_o a_o more_o dense_a body_n then_o the_o other_o or_o at_o least_o of_o the_o denser_n part_n of_o the_o other_o there_o may_v not_o be_v imagine_v a_o reason_n of_o the_o apparition_n of_o some_o new_a fix_a star_n as_o those_o in_o the_o swan_n cassiope_n charr_n serpentarius_n piscis_fw-la coetus_fw-la etc._n etc._n three_o whether_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o define_v the_o height_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n from_o this_o inflection_n of_o the_o ray_n or_o from_o the_o quicksilver_n experiment_n of_o the_o rarifaction_n or_o extension_n of_o the_o air._n four_o whether_o the_o disparity_n between_o the_o upper_a and_o under_o air_n be_v not_o sometime_o so_o great_a as_o to_o make_v a_o reflect_a superficies_n i_o have_v have_v several_a observation_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v proceed_v from_o some_o such_o cause_n but_o it_o will_v be_v too_o long_o to_o relate_v and_o examine_v they_o a_o experiment_n also_o somewhat_o analogous_a to_o this_o i_o have_v make_v with_o salt-water_n and_o fresh_a which_o two_o liquor_n in_o most_o position_n seem_v the_o same_o and_o not_o to_o be_v separate_v by_o any_o determinate_a superficies_n which_o separate_v surface_n yet_o in_o some_o other_o position_n do_v plain_o appear_v and_o if_o so_o whether_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o equal_a bound_a or_o terminus_fw-la of_o the_o under_o part_n of_o the_o cloud_n may_v not_o proceed_v from_o this_o cause_n whether_o second_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o apparition_n of_o many_o sun_n may_v not_o be_v find_v out_o by_o consider_v how_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n may_v so_o be_v reflect_v as_o to_o describe_v a_o pretty_a true_a image_n of_o the_o body_n as_o we_o find_v they_o from_o any_o regular_a superficies_n whether_o also_o this_o may_v not_o be_v find_v to_o cause_v the_o apparition_n of_o some_o of_o those_o parelii_n or_o counterfeit_a sun_n which_o appear_v colour_v by_o refract_v the_o ray_n so_o as_o to_o make_v the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n appear_v in_o quite_o another_o place_n then_o real_o it_o be_v but_o of_o this_o more_o elsewhere_o 5._o whether_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o the_o cloud_n may_v not_o be_v make_v out_o by_o this_o diversity_n of_o density_n in_o the_o upper_a and_o under_o part_n of_o the_o air_n by_o suppose_v the_o air_n above_o they_o to_o be_v much_o light_a than_o they_o themselves_o be_v and_o they_o themselves_o to_o be_v yet_o light_a than_o that_o which_o be_v subjacent_a to_o they_o many_o of_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o substance_n with_o the_o cobweb_n that_o fly_v in_o the_o air_n after_o a_o fog_n now_o that_o such_o a_o constitution_n of_o the_o air_n and_o cloud_n be_v such_o there_o be_v may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o perform_v this_o effect_n may_v be_v confirm_v by_o this_o experiment_n make_v as_o strong_a a_o solution_n of_o salt_n as_o you_o be_v able_a then_o fill_v a_o glass_n of_o some_o depth_n half_o full_a with_o it_o fill_v the_o other_o half_a with_o fresh_a water_n and_o poise_n a_o little_a glass-bubble_n so_o as_o that_o it_o may_v sink_v pretty_a quick_a in_o fresh_a water_n which_o take_v and_o put_v into_o the_o aforesaid_a glass_n and_o you_o
shall_v find_v it_o to_o sink_v till_o it_o come_v towards_o the_o middle_n where_o it_o will_v remain_v fix_v without_o move_v either_o upward_o or_o downward_o and_o by_o a_o second_o experiment_n of_o poise_v such_o as_o bubble_v in_o water_n who_o upper_a part_n be_v warm_a and_o consequent_o light_a than_o the_o under_o which_o be_v cold_a and_o heavy_a the_o manner_n of_o which_o follow_v in_o this_o next_o quaery_n which_o be_v 6._o whether_o the_o rarifaction_n and_o condensation_n of_o water_n be_v not_o make_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o those_o effect_n be_v produce_v in_o the_o air_n by_o heat_n for_o i_o once_o poise_v a_o seal_v up_o glass-bubble_n so_o exact_o that_o never_o so_o small_a a_o addition_n will_v make_v it_o sink_v and_o as_o small_a a_o detraction_n make_v it_o swim_v which_o suffer_v to_o rest_n in_o that_o vessel_n of_o water_n for_o some_o time_n i_o always_o find_v it_o about_o noon_n to_o be_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n and_o at_o night_n and_o in_o the_o morning_n at_o the_o top_n imagine_v this_o to_o proceed_v from_o the_o rarifaction_n of_o the_o water_n cause_v by_o the_o heat_n i_o make_v trial_n and_o find_v most_o true_a for_o i_o be_v able_a at_o any_o time_n either_o to_o depress_v or_o raise_v it_o by_o heat_n and_o cold_a for_o if_o i_o let_v the_o pipe_n stand_v for_o some_o time_n in_o cold_a water_n i_o can_v easy_o raise_v the_o bubble_n from_o the_o bottom_n whither_o i_o have_v a_o little_a afore_o detrude_v it_o by_o put_v the_o same_o pipe_n into_o warm_a water_n and_o this_o way_n i_o have_v be_v able_a for_o a_o very_a considerable_a time_n to_o keep_v a_o bubble_n so_o poise_v in_o the_o water_n as_o that_o it_o shall_v remain_v in_o the_o middle_n and_o neither_o sink_n nor_o swim_v for_o gentle_o heat_a the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o pipe_n with_o a_o candle_n coal_n or_o hot_a iron_n till_o i_o perceive_v the_o bubble_n begin_v to_o descend_v then_o forbear_v i_o have_v observe_v it_o to_o descend_v to_o such_o or_o such_o a_o station_n and_o there_o to_o remain_v suspend_v for_o some_o hour_n till_o the_o heat_n by_o degree_n be_v quite_o vanish_v when_o it_o will_v again_o ascend_v to_o its_o former_a place_n this_o i_o have_v also_o often_o observe_v natural_o perform_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o air_n which_o be_v able_a to_o rarify_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o water_n soon_o than_o the_o low_a by_o reason_n of_o its_o immediate_a contact_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o air_n have_v sometime_o so_o slow_o increase_v that_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o bubble_n to_o be_v some_o hour_n in_o pass_v between_o the_o top_n and_o bottom_n 7._o whether_o the_o appearance_n of_o the_o pike_n of_o tenerif_n and_o several_a other_o high_a mountain_n at_o so_o much_o great_a a_o distance_n then_o seem_v to_o agree_v with_o their_o respective_a height_n be_v not_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o curvature_n of_o the_o visual_a ray_n that_o be_v make_v by_o its_o pass_v oblique_o through_o so_o differ_o dense_n a_o medium_fw-la from_o the_o top_n to_o the_o eye_n very_o far_o distant_a in_o the_o horizon_n for_o since_o we_o have_v already_o i_o hope_v make_v it_o very_o probable_a that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o inflection_n of_o the_o ray_n by_o the_o differ_a density_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o air_n and_o since_o i_o have_v find_v by_o several_a experiment_n make_v on_o place_n comparative_o not_o very_o high_a and_o have_v yet_o find_v the_o pressure_n sustain_v by_o those_o part_n of_o the_o air_n at_o the_o top_n and_o bottom_n and_o also_o their_o differ_a expansion_n very_o considerable_a insomuch_o that_o i_o have_v find_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n light_a at_o the_o top_n of_o st._n paul_n steeple_n in_o london_n which_o be_v about_o two_o hundred_o foot_n high_a then_o at_o the_o bottom_n by_o a_o sixty_v or_o fifty_o part_n and_o the_o expansion_n at_o the_o top_n great_a than_o that_o at_o the_o bottom_n by_o near_o about_o so_o much_o also_o for_o the_o mercurial_a cylinder_n at_o the_o bottom_n be_v about_o 39_o inch_n and_o at_o the_o top_n half_o a_o inch_n low_o the_o air_n also_o include_v in_o the_o weatherglass_n that_o at_o the_o bottom_n fill_v only_o 155._o space_n at_o the_o top_n fill_v 158._o though_o the_o heat_n at_o the_o top_n and_o bottom_n be_v find_v exact_o the_o same_o with_o a_o scale_a thermometer_n i_o think_v it_o very_o rational_a to_o suppose_v that_o the_o great_a curvature_n of_o the_o ray_n be_v make_v near_a the_o earth_n and_o that_o the_o inflection_n of_o the_o ray_n above_o 3._o or_o 4._o mile_n upward_o be_v very_o inconsiderable_a and_o therefore_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v such_o calculation_n of_o the_o height_n of_o mountain_n as_o be_v make_v from_o the_o distance_n they_o be_v visible_a in_o the_o horizon_n from_o the_o supposal_n that_o that_o ray_n be_v a_o straight_a line_n that_o from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o tangent_fw-la to_o the_o horizon_n whence_o it_o be_v see_v which_o real_o be_v a_o curve_v be_v very_o erroneous_a whence_o i_o suppose_v proceed_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o exceed_o differ_v opinion_n and_o assertion_n of_o several_a author_n about_o the_o height_n of_o several_a very_a high_a hill_n 8._o whether_o this_o inflection_n of_o the_o air_n will_v not_o very_o much_o alter_v the_o suppose_a distance_n of_o the_o planet_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v a_o very_a great_a dependence_n upon_o the_o hypothetical_n refraction_n or_o inflection_n of_o the_o air_n and_o that_o refraction_n upon_o the_o hypothetical_a height_n and_o density_n of_o the_o air_n for_o since_o as_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v here_o show_v the_o air_n to_o be_v quite_o otherwise_o then_o have_v be_v hitherto_o suppose_v by_o manifest_v it_o to_o be_v both_o of_o a_o vast_a at_o least_o a_o uncertain_a height_n and_o of_o a_o unconstant_a and_o irregular_a density_n it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v that_o its_o inflection_n must_v be_v vary_v according_o and_o therefore_o we_o may_v hence_o learn_v upon_o what_o sure_a ground_n all_o the_o astronomer_n hitherto_o have_v build_v who_o have_v calculate_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o planet_n from_o their_o horizontal_n parallax_n for_o since_o the_o refraction_n and_o parallax_n be_v so_o near_o ally_v that_o the_o one_o can_v be_v know_v without_o the_o other_o especial_o by_o any_o way_n that_o have_v be_v yet_o attempt_v how_o uncertain_a must_v the_o parallax_n be_v when_o the_o refraction_n be_v unknown_a and_o how_o easy_a be_v it_o for_o astronomer_n to_o assign_v what_o distance_n they_o please_v to_o the_o planet_n and_o defend_v they_o when_o they_o have_v such_o a_o curious_a subterfuge_n as_o that_o of_o refraction_n wherein_o a_o very_a little_a variation_n will_v allow_v they_o liberty_n enough_o to_o place_v the_o celestial_a body_n at_o what_o distance_n they_o please_v if_o therefore_o we_o will_v come_v to_o any_o certainty_n in_o this_o point_n we_o must_v go_v other_o way_n to_o work_v and_o as_o i_o have_v here_o examine_v the_o height_n and_o refractive_a property_n of_o the_o air_n by_o other_o way_n than_o be_v usual_a so_o must_v we_o find_v the_o parallax_n of_o the_o planet_n by_o way_n not_o yet_o practise_v and_o to_o this_o end_n i_o can_v imagine_v any_o better_a way_n than_o the_o observation_n of_o they_o by_o two_o person_n at_o very_o far_o distant_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o lie_v as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v under_o the_o same_o meridian_n or_o degree_n of_o longitude_n but_o differ_v as_o much_o in_o latitude_n as_o there_o can_v be_v place_n convenient_o find_v these_o two_o person_n at_o certain_a appoint_a time_n shall_v as_o near_o as_o can_v be_v both_o at_o the_o same_o time_n observe_v the_o way_n of_o the_o moon_n mars_n venus_n jupiter_n and_o saturn_n among_o the_o six_o star_n with_o a_o good_a large_a telescope_n and_o make_v little_a iconisme_n or_o picture_n of_o the_o small_a fix_a star_n that_o appear_v to_o each_o of_o they_o to_o lie_v in_o or_o near_o the_o way_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o planet_n and_o the_o exact_a measure_n of_o the_o apparent_a diameter_n from_o the_o compare_v of_o such_o observation_n together_o we_o may_v certain_o know_v the_o true_a distance_n or_o parallax_n of_o the_o planet_n and_o have_v any_o one_o true_a parallax_n of_o these_o planet_n we_o may_v very_o easy_o have_v the_o other_o by_o their_o apparent_a diameter_n which_o the_o telescope_n likewise_o afford_v we_o very_o accurate_o and_o thence_o their_o motion_n may_v be_v much_o better_o know_v and_o their_o theory_n more_o exact_o regulate_v and_o for_o this_o purpose_n i_o know_v not_o any_o one_o place_n more_o convenient_a for_o such_o a_o observation_n
the_o penumbra_fw-mi which_o be_v the_o shadow_n of_o the_o refract_a atmosphere_n for_o the_o bend_n of_o the_o ray_n be_v altogether_o cause_v by_o inflection_n as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v all_o that_o part_n which_o be_v ascribe_v by_o kepler_n and_o other_o after_o he_o to_o the_o penumbra_fw-mi or_o dark_a part_n which_o be_v without_o the_o umbra_fw-la terroe_n do_v clear_o vanish_v for_o in_o this_o hypothesis_n there_o be_v no_o refracting_a surface_n of_o the_o air_n and_o consequent_o there_o can_v be_v no_o shadow_n such_o as_o appear_v in_o the_o nine_o figure_n of_o the_o 37._o scheme_n where_o let_v abcd_v represent_v the_o earth_n and_o efgh_v the_o atmosphere_n which_o according_a to_o keplers_n supposition_n be_v like_o a_o sphere_n of_o water_n terminate_v with_o a_o exact_a surface_n efgh_o let_v the_o line_n mf_n lb_n id_fw-la kh_n represent_v the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o all_o the_o ray_n between_o lb_n and_o id_fw-la will_v be_v reflect_v by_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n bad_a and_o consequent_o the_o conical_a space_n bod_z will_v be_v dark_a and_o obscure_a but_o say_v the_o follower_n of_o kepler_n the_o ray_n between_o mf_n and_o lb_n and_o between_o id_fw-la and_o kh_n fall_v on_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v refract_v both_o at_o their_o ingress_n and_o egress_n out_o of_o the_o atmosphere_n near_o towards_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o spaerical_a shadow_n co_n and_o consequent_o enlighten_v a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o former_a dark_a cone_n and_o shorten_v and_o contract_n its_o top_n to_o n._n and_o because_o of_o this_o reflection_n of_o these_o ray_n say_v they_o there_o be_v superinduce_v another_o shell_n of_o a_o dark_a cone_n fph_n who_o apex_n p_o be_v yet_o further_o distant_a from_o the_o earth_n by_o this_o penumbra_fw-mi say_v they_o the_o moon_n be_v eclipse_v for_o it_o always_o pass_v between_o the_o line_n 1_o 2_o and_o 3_o 4._o to_o which_o i_o say_v that_o if_o the_o air_n be_v such_o as_o i_o have_v new_o show_v it_o to_o be_v and_o consequent_o cause_v such_o a_o inflection_n of_o the_o ray_n that_o fall_v into_o it_o those_o dark_a penumbra_n fyzqhxut_n and_o orps_n will_v all_o vanish_v for_o if_o we_o suppose_v the_o air_n indefinite_o extend_v and_o to_o be_v no_o where_o bound_v with_o a_o determinate_a refract_a surface_n as_o i_o have_v show_v it_o uncapable_a of_o have_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o moon_n will_v no_o where_o be_v total_o obscure_v but_o when_o it_o be_v below_o the_o apex_n n_o of_o the_o dark_a blunt_a cone_n of_o the_o earth_n shadow_n now_o from_o the_o supposition_n that_o the_o sun_n be_v distant_a about_o seven_o thousand_o diameter_n the_o point_n n_o according_a to_o calculation_n be_v not_o above_o twenty_o five_o terrestrial_a semidiameter_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o follow_v that_o whensoever_o the_o moon_n eclipse_v be_v total_o darken_v without_o afford_v any_o kind_n of_o light_n it_o must_v be_v within_o twenty_o five_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o consequent_o much_o low_a than_o any_o astronomer_n have_v hitherto_o put_v it_o this_o will_v seem_v much_o more_o consonant_a to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o secundary_a planet_n for_o the_o high_a of_o jupiter_n moon_n be_v between_o twenty_o and_o thirty_o jovial_a semidiameter_n distant_a from_o the_o centre_n of_o jupiter_n and_o the_o moon_n of_o saturn_n much_o about_o the_o same_o number_n of_o saturnial_a semidiameter_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o that_o planet_n but_o these_o be_v but_o conjecture_n also_o and_o must_v be_v determine_v by_o such_o kind_n of_o observation_n as_o i_o have_v new_o mention_v nor_o will_v it_o be_v difficult_a by_o this_o hypothesis_n to_o salve_v all_o the_o appearance_n of_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n for_o in_o this_o hypothesis_n also_o there_o will_v be_v on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n a_o penumbra_fw-la not_o cause_v by_o the_o refraction_n of_o the_o air_n as_o in_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o kepler_n but_o by_o the_o faint_a enlighten_v of_o it_o by_o the_o sun_n for_o if_o in_o the_o six_o figure_n we_o suppose_v esq_n and_o gsr_n to_o be_v the_o ray_n that_o terminate_v the_o shadow_n from_o either_o side_n of_o the_o earth_n esq_n come_v from_o the_o upper_a limb_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o gsr_n from_o the_o under_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n within_o those_o ray_n that_o be_v the_o cone_n gse_n will_v be_v total_o dark_a but_o the_o sun_n be_v not_o a_o point_n but_o a_o large_a area_n of_o light_n there_o will_v be_v a_o secondary_a dark_a cone_n of_o shadow_n epg_n which_o will_v be_v cause_v by_o the_o earth_n hinder_v part_n of_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o fall_v on_o the_o part_n gpr_fw-la and_o epq_n of_o which_o halve_v shadow_n or_o penumbra_n that_o part_n will_v appear_v bright_a which_o lie_v near_a the_o terminate_a ray_n gp_v and_o ep_n and_o those_o dark_a that_o lie_v near_o to_o g_n and_o es_fw-ge when_o therefore_o the_o moon_n appear_v quite_o dark_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o eclipse_n she_o must_v be_v below_o s_o that_o be_v between_o saint_n and_o f_o when_o she_o appear_v light_a near_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o eclipse_n she_o must_v pass_v some_o where_o between_o rq_n and_o saint_n and_o when_o she_o be_v alike_o light_a through_o the_o whole_a eclipse_n she_o must_v pass_v between_o rq_n and_o p._n obseru._n lix_n of_o multitude_n of_o small_a star_n discoverable_a by_o the_o telescope_n have_v in_o the_o last_o observation_n premise_v some_o particular_n observable_a in_o the_o medium_n through_o which_o we_o must_v look_v upon_o celestial_a object_n i_o shall_v here_o add_v one_o observation_n of_o the_o body_n themselves_o and_o for_o a_o specimen_fw-la i_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o the_o pleyade_n or_o seven_o star_n common_o so_o call_v though_o in_o our_o time_n and_o climate_n there_o appear_v no_o more_o than_o six_o to_o the_o naked_a eye_n and_o this_o i_o do_v the_o rather_o because_o the_o deserve_o famous_a galileo_n have_v publish_v a_o picture_n of_o this_o asterisme_n be_v able_a it_o seem_v with_o his_o glass_n to_o discover_v no_o more_o than_o thirty_o six_o whereas_o with_o a_o pretty_a good_a twelve_o foot_n telescope_n by_o which_o i_o draw_v this_o 38_o iconism_n i_o can_v very_o plain_o discover_v seventy_o eight_o place_v in_o the_o order_n they_o be_v range_v in_o the_o figure_n and_o of_o as_o many_o differ_a magnitude_n as_o the_o asterisk_n wherewith_o they_o be_v mark_v do_v specify_v there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o fourteen_o several_a magnitude_n of_o those_o star_n which_o be_v comprise_v within_o the_o draught_n the_o big_a whereof_o be_v not_o account_v great_a than_o one_o of_o the_o three_o magnitude_n and_o indeed_o that_o account_n be_v much_o too_o big_a if_o it_o be_v compare_v with_o other_o star_n of_o the_o three_o magnitude_n especial_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o telescope_n for_o then_o by_o it_o may_v be_v perceive_v that_o its_o splendour_n to_o the_o naked_a eye_n may_v be_v somewhat_o augment_v by_o the_o three_o little_a star_n immediate_o above_o it_o which_o be_v near_o adjoin_v to_o it_o the_o telescope_n also_o discover_v a_o great_a variety_n even_o in_o the_o bigness_n of_o those_o common_o reckon_v of_o the_o first_o second_o three_o four_o five_o and_o six_o magnitude_n so_o that_o shall_v they_o be_v distinguish_v thereby_o those_o six_o magnitude_n will_v at_o least_o afford_v no_o less_o than_o thrice_o that_o number_n of_o magnitude_n plain_o enough_o distinguishable_a by_o their_o magnitude_n and_o brightness_n so_o that_o a_o good_a twelve_o foot_n glass_n will_v afford_v we_o no_o less_o than_o twenty_o five_o several_a magnitude_n nor_o be_v these_o all_o but_o a_o long_a glass_n do_v yet_o further_o both_o more_o nice_o distinguish_v the_o magnitude_n of_o those_o already_o note_v and_o also_o discover_v several_a other_o of_o small_a magnitude_n not_o discernible_a by_o the_o twelve_o foot_n glass_n thus_o have_v i_o be_v able_a with_o a_o good_a thirty_o six_o foot_n glass_n to_o discover_v many_o more_o star_n in_o the_o pleyade_n then_o be_v here_o delineate_v and_o those_o of_o three_o or_o four_o distinct_a magnitude_n less_o than_o any_o of_o those_o spot_n of_o the_o fourteen_o magnitude_n and_o by_o the_o twinkle_n of_o divers_a other_o place_n of_o this_o asterisme_n when_o the_o sky_n be_v very_o clear_a i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o with_o long_a glass_n or_o such_o as_o will_v bear_v a_o big_a aperture_n there_o may_v be_v discover_v multitude_n of_o other_o small_a star_n yet_o inconspicuous_a and_o indeed_o for_o the_o discovery_n of_o small_a star_n the_o big_a the_o aperture_n be_v the_o better_a adapt_v be_v
a_o similitude_n a_o instrument_n by_o which_o one_o and_o the_o same_o colour_a liquor_n at_o once_o exhibit_v all_o the_o degree_n of_o colour_n between_o the_o pale_a yellow_a and_o deep_a red_n as_o likewise_o another_o that_o exhibit_v all_o variety_n of_o blue_n several_a experiment_n try_v with_o these_o box_n a_o objection_n draw_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o painter_n colour_n answer_v that_o dilute_v and_o whiten_v a_o colour_n be_v different_a operation_n as_o be_v deepen_v and_o blacken_a why_o some_o may_v be_v dilute_v by_o grind_v and_o some_o other_o by_o be_v temper_v with_o oil_n several_a experiment_n for_o the_o explicate_a of_o some_o former_a assertion_n why_o painter_n be_v force_v to_o make_v use_n of_o many_o colour_n what_o those_o colour_n be_v and_o how_o mix_v the_o conclusion_n that_o most_o colour_a body_n seem_v to_o consist_v of_o transparent_a particle_n that_o all_o colour_n dissoluble_a in_o liquor_n be_v capable_a of_o dilute_v some_o of_o mix_v what_o a_o strange_a variety_n may_v thereby_o be_v produce_v obseru._n 11._o of_o the_o figure_n of_o sand._n of_o the_o substance_n and_o shape_n of_o common_a and_o other_o sand_n a_o description_n of_o a_o very_a small_a shell_n obseru._n 12._o of_o gravel_n in_o urine_n a_o description_n of_o such_o gravel_n and_o some_o trial_n make_v with_o it_o and_o conjecture_n at_o its_o cause_n obser._n 13._o of_o diamond_n in_o flint_n a_o description_n and_o examination_n of_o some_o of_o they_o explicate_v further_o by_o cornish_a diamond_n several_a observation_n about_o reflection_n and_o refraction_n and_o some_o deduction_n therefrom_o as_o a_o explication_n of_o whiteness_n that_o the_o air_n have_v a_o strong_a reflection_n than_o water_n how_o several_a body_n may_v be_v make_v transparent_a a_o explication_n of_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o oculus_fw-la mundi_fw-la of_o the_o regular_a geometrical_a figure_n of_o several_a body_n a_o hypothetical_a explication_n mention_v the_o method_n of_o prosecute_a this_o inquiry_n observe_v 14._o of_o freeze_a figure_n the_o figure_n of_o hoar_a frost_n and_o the_o vertices_fw-la on_o window_n several_a observation_n on_o the_o branch_a figure_n of_o urine_n the_o figure_n of_o regulus_n martis_n stellatus_fw-la and_o of_o fern._n of_o the_o figure_n of_o snow_n of_o freeze_a water_n obseru._n 15._o of_o kettering_n stone_n a_o description_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o particle_n and_o of_o the_o pore_n and_o of_o the_o contexture_n several_a observation_n and_o consideration_n thereupon_o some_o conjecture_n about_o the_o medium_n and_o propagation_n of_o light_n and_o the_o constitution_n of_o fluid_a and_o transparent_a body_n several_a experiment_n to_o prove_v the_o porousness_n of_o ●marble_n and_o some_o other_o stone_n a_o account_n of_o some_o experiment_n to_o this_o purpose_n make_v on_o a_o oculus_fw-la mundi_fw-la some_o other_o consideration_n and_o experiment_n about_o the_o porousness_n of_o body_n some_o other_o consideration_n about_o the_o propagation_n of_o light_n and_o refraction_n obseru._n 16._o of_o charcoal_n of_o two_o sort_n of_o pore_n to_o be_v find_v in_o all_o wood_n and_o vegetable_n the_o shape_n of_o they_o the_o number_n thickness_n manner_n and_o use_n of_o these_o pore_n a_o explication_n of_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o coal_n the_o manner_n of_o char_a wood_n or_o any_o other_o body_n what_o part_n of_o wood_n be_v combustible_a a_o hypothesis_n of_o fire_n explicate_v in_o twelve_o particular_n wherein_o the_o action_n of_o the_o air_n as_o a_o menstruum_fw-la in_o the_o dissolution_n of_o all_o sulphureous_a body_n be_v very_o particular_o explicate_v and_o some_o other_o consideration_n about_o the_o air_n propose_v the_o examination_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o lignum_fw-la fossil_v send_v from_o rome_n and_o some_o conclusion_n thence_o deduce_v obseru._n 17._o of_o wood_n and_o other_o body_n petrify_v several_a observation_n of_o divers_a kind_n of_o these_o substance_n a_o more_o particular_a examination_n and_o explication_n of_o one_o very_o notable_a piece_n of_o petrified_a wood_n and_o some_o conjecture_n about_o the_o cause_n of_o those_o production_n several_a observation_n make_v on_o other_o petrified_a body_n as_o shell_n etc._n etc._n and_o some_o probable_a conclusion_n thence_o deduce_v about_o the_o original_a cause_n of_o those_o body_n obseru._n 18._o of_o the_o pore_n of_o cork_n and_o other_o body_n several_a observation_n and_o consideration_n about_o the_o nature_n of_o cork_n the_o number_n of_o pore_n in_o a_o cubical_a inch_n and_o several_a consideration_n about_o pore_n several_a experiment_n and_o observation_n about_o the_o nature_n of_o cork_n the_o texture_n and_o pore_n of_o the_o pith_n of_o a_o elder_a and_o several_a other_o tree_n of_o the_o stalk_n of_o burdock_n teasel_n daisy_n carrot_n fennel_n ferne_n reed_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o frothy_a texture_n of_o the_o pith_n of_o a_o feather_n some_o conjecture_n about_o the_o probability_n of_o value_n in_o these_o pore_n argue_v also_o from_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o the_o sensible_a and_o humble_a plant_n some_o observation_n on_o which_o be_v insert_v obseru._n 19_o of_o a_o vegetable_a grow_v on_o blighted_a leave_n several_a observation_n and_o examination_n make_v of_o they_o several_a consideration_n about_o spontaneous_a generation_n arise_v from_o the_o putrefaction_n of_o body_n obseru._n 20._o of_o blue_a mould_n and_o mushroom_n the_o description_n of_o several_a kind_n of_o mould_v the_o method_n of_o proceed_v in_o natural_a inquiry_n several_a consideration_n about_o the_o nature_n of_o mould_n and_o mushroom_n 1._o that_o they_o may_v be_v produce_v without_o seed_n 2._o that_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v none_o 3._o that_o salt_n etc._n etc._n be_v shape_v into_o as_o curious_a figure_n without_o a_o seed_n 4._o of_o a_o kind_n of_o mushroom_n grow_v in_o a_o candle_n a_o more_o particular_a explication_n of_o this_o last_o sort_n of_o mushroom_n 5._o of_o the_o figure_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o production_n of_o petrified_a iceicle_n several_a deduction_n from_o these_o consideration_n about_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o vegetation_n of_o mould_n and_o mushroom_n obseru._n 21._o of_o moss_n the_o description_n of_o several_a sort_n of_o mosses_n upon_o this_o occasion_n several_a conjecture_n about_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o production_n of_o these_o kind_n of_o body_n be_v hint_v and_o some_o of_o they_o explicate_v by_o a_o similitude_n take_v from_o a_o piece_n of_o clockwork_n the_o vast_a difference_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o vegetable_a body_n and_o the_o probability_n that_o the_o least_o may_v comprehend_v as_o curious_a contrivance_n as_o the_o great_a of_o multitude_n of_o other_o mould_v mosses_n and_o mushroom_n and_o other_o vegetate_v principle_n in_o water_n wood_n etc._n etc._n obseru._n 22._o of_o sponge_n and_o other_o fibrous_a body_n several_a observation_n and_o conjecture_n about_o the_o make_n of_o these_o body_n and_o several_a history_n out_o of_o author_n scarce_o any_o other_o body_n have_v such_o a_o texture_n the_o fibrous_a texture_n of_o leather_n spunk_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v there_o describe_v come_v near_a to_o it_o that_o upon_o trial_n with_o a_o piece_n of_o sponge_n and_o oil_n the_o necessity_n of_o respiration_n can_v not_o be_v alter_v obseru._n 23._o of_o the_o form_n of_o seaweed_n from_o the_o curious_o shape_a surface_n of_o this_o seaweed_n and_o some_o other_o be_v conjecture_v the_o possibility_n of_o multitude_n of_o the_o like_a obseru._n 24._o of_o the_o surface_n of_o some_o leave_n the_o description_n 1._o of_o the_o bald_a surface_n of_o leave_n 2._o of_o the_o downy_a surface_n of_o several_a other_o 3._o of_o the_o gummous_a exsudation_n or_o small_a transparent_a pearl_n discover_v with_o a_o microscope_n in_o several_a other_o a_o instance_n of_o all_o which_o be_v afford_v in_o a_o rosemary_n leaf_n obseru._n 25._o of_o the_o sting_a point_n of_o a_o nettle_n a_o description_n of_o the_o needle_n and_o several_a other_o contrivance_n in_o the_o leaf_n of_o a_o nettle_n how_o the_o sting_a pain_n be_v create_v upon_o this_o several_a consideration_n about_o poison_v dart_n be_v set_v down_o a_o experiment_n of_o kill_a eff_n and_o fish_n with_o salt_n some_o conjecture_n at_o the_o efficacy_n of_o bath_n the_o use_n that_o may_v be_v make_v of_o inject_v into_o the_o vein_n a_o very_a remarkable_a history_n out_o of_o bellonius_fw-la and_o some_o consideration_n about_o stain_v and_o die_v of_o body_n obseru._n 26._o of_o cowage_n the_o description_n of_o it_o out_o of_o parkinson_n a_o experiment_n make_v of_o it_o a_o description_n and_o some_o conjecture_n at_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o phaenomena_n obseru._n 27._o of_o the_o beard_n of_o a_o wild_a oat_n the_o description_n of_o its_o shape_n and_o property_n the_o manner_n of_o make_v a_o hygroscope_n with_o it_o and_o a_o conjecture_n at_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o motion_n and_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o muscle_n obseru._n 28._o of_o the_o seed_n