Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
water_n	air_n	body_n	element_n	5,315	5	9.9100	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A05049	A most excellent and learned vvoorke of chirurgerie, called Chirurgia parua Lanfranci Lanfranke of Mylayne his briefe: reduced from dyuers translations to our vulgar or vsuall frase, and now first published in the Englyshe prynte by Iohn Halle chirurgien. Who hath thervnto necessarily annexed. A table, as wel of the names of diseases and simples with their vertues, as also of all other termes of the arte opened. ... And in the ende a compendious worke of anatomie ... An historiall expostulation also against the beastly abusers, both of chyrurgerie and phisicke in our tyme: with a goodly doctrine, and instruction, necessary to be marked and folowed of all true chirurgie[n]s. All these faithfully gathered, and diligently set forth, by the sayde Iohn Halle.; Chirurgia parva. English	Lanfranco, of Milan, 13th cent.; Hall, John, b. 1529 or 30.	1565 (1565)	STC 15192; ESTC S109324	283,008	454

or turnynge ioynte of the necke is called in latine Ceruix and the foreparte of the necke whych reacheth from the face to the beginnyng of the breast or canell bones is called Collum the throte is called Gula the shoulders are called Humeri the vpper parte of the shoulder is lugulum and the shoulder blades Scapulae The vpper parte of the arme continuinge the lengthe of the adiutorye bone from the shoulder to the elbow is called Brachlum the boughte of the arme Gibber the elbowe Cubitus ▪ The part betwene the elbow the wrest which we call in English the cubite is called in latine Vlna the wrest Carpus the hands Martus the palme of the hand Palma the thumbe is called in latine Pollex the forefinger Index the middle finger Medius the ring fynger whych is also called the wedding finger is called Medicus the litle finger or ear fīger is called ●uricularis The arme holes are called in latine Axillae the breast Pectus the sides Latera the pappes or dugges Māmae the nepples or tetes Papillae the back Dorsum the nether parts wher of next vnto the hippes are called in latine Lumbi in greke Lagone in Englishe the loynes The bellye is called Venter the nether parte thereof Imus Venter the nauell Vmbilicus and the side betwene the bellye and the back vnder the ribbes is called Hypochondria which we may call in Englishe the waste The grinde or share is called Pubes betwene the whyche are sette the priuye members vnder the bothome of the bely whiche some call the genitales wherof that part which we call the yarde is called in latine Virga ▪ or Caulis the fleshye head wherof is called Glans and the skin couerynge the same Praeputium the coddes or balock purs Scrotum and the stones Testiculi The buttockes are called Nates the fundament Anus the hippes Coxendices the thighe Femur the knee Genu the hammes Poplites the shinnes Tibiae and the caulfe of the legge Sura Then folowe the feete whyche are set vnder the legges as the handes are vnder the armes and they are called in latine Pedes the sides wherof which we call in English ancles are called in latine Malleoli and the hinder part whych we cal the hele is named Calx or Calcaneus The holow of the foote is called Planta the treading place is named Vestigiū then procede there forth the toes as in the handes there do fingers which bothe are called in latine Digiti the toes being called Digiti Pedis And as wel on the toes as on the fingers are nailes growing which are called in latin Vngues Thus to the honor and glory of God that so wonderfully hath wroughte in natnre I haue shewed suche thinges as in the bodye of man is to be considered in order of Anatomye as farre as my simple knowledge was then able to collecte partly as I haue obserued by experience and partly as I could gather of good authores euen suche auncient wryters as in this worke I haue by occasion aleaged and also some newe wryters of Anatomy of oure time as Vesalius Carolus Stephanus c. as wel of the inwarde as of the outwarde partes that yong studentes maye haue therof some profite as I my self haue learned and profited in gathering of the same Desiering all those to whōe any thing herein wrytten shall seme vnperfect grosse or vntrue that of their gentlenesse they wil bestowe their laboure and sette forthe the frutes of their good and laudable studies in amendyng that to them shal seme amysse euen as I haue bene to shew my good wil in doing of this briefe and symple thyng and wil also be most glad at their handes to receaue wyth condinge thankes and laud suche learning as may amend my fault or redresse mine error that the truthe maye also in these thinges be published to the contentation of all gētle wel willing mindes wherat some mighte seme astoned through the variety of opinion in wryters whych neuerthelesse shot al at one marke for the most part and vtter their sētences the seme so variable to one end purpose if they be in differentlye wayed and vnderstande though yet euery one sawe not all no not the moste autentike That is to saye that by the knowledge of the situation of all members in the bodye there maye be a safe and cunning workynge in Chirurgery vpon the bodye of man to auoyde error and offence For the whyche cause I haue in thys worke rather vsed that order then to be precise in numbers or curiouse in names The Conclusyon of the whole worke NOw to conclude this general and third treatise and so of thys whole worke confessynge mine imbesility and want of perfection thus muche I saye that the bodye of man wherof we haue brieflye treated is as all other creatures are made and compacte of the foure Elementes That is to saye Fyre Aire Water and Earthe As their verye properties maye be perceiued in the foure humores in manne namelye bloude Phlegme Choler and melancholye For the whyche cause the sayde .iiii. humores are called of the learned sort the sonnes of elementes For as the fire is hot and drye so is choler and as the ayre is hotte and moyste so is bloude as the water is colde and moyste so is Phlegme and as the earthe is colde and drye so is melancholye And of those foure humores are the foure complexions named as Sanguine Cholericke Phlegmatike and Melancholike Yet not wythstanding we call no man so because he is made of one onlye elemente or that he is indued wyth one onlye humore But contrarye as I sayde before euerye person is made of foure elementes and hathe in hym foure humores but not euerye man in a lyke temperature And that is the cause that one man is named of one humore and an other of an other As when bloude excedeth or surmounteth in anye bodye the rest of the humores that person is called a Sanguine man not because he is all of bloude but because bloude beareth in the bodye moste domination And so likewyse it is to be vnderstand of all the other three to be called of choler cholerike of Phlegme Phlegmatike of Melancholye Melancholike And also I vnderstande that in the complexions is a deuision of nyne temperamentes of the whyche fyrste there be .iiii. symple That is to saye hotte colde drye and moyste whereof there are two actiues that is to say workers and the other two bene passiues that is to saye sufferers And brieflye to saye hotnesse and coldnesse be actiues drinesse and moystnesse be passiues And by the combination or bindinge together of two of the aforesayde foure the one alwayes beinge actiue the other passiue are the other foure made that is to saye the compounde complexions as hot and moyste colde and moyste hotte and drye colde and dry The ninthe whyche differeth from all these is the verye true temperamente

veynes and arteries of whyche it purchaseth nurishmente and lyfe The necke of it passeth for the vnder the bone of the share whiche in his goinge forthe vnto the outmoste partes is made small and the waye of vrine that cometh from it is made in the maner of a greate veine and it entereth the substance of the yarde passynge forthe throughe the fleshe in the lower partes of the bladder and parteth in a maner the fleshe of the yarde in the middest and by that parte goeth oute the vrine In the yard there are .ii. holes though both not through persing the same One passing through by the which vrine is cast out and that is fastened wyth the necke of the bladder The other cominge from the stones entereth the aforesaid by the which the sede of man is cast out And this is fastened wyth the vessels of sperme and is called Eiaculatorium Vas wherof also aboue And in the beginning of the yardes holownesse these two are made one And in the necke of a womans blader there is nothyng soughte nor purchased concernyng knowledge for it is very shorte and strayte and the nature of hir is not caste oute in this maner but commeth à fundo Vteri per ceruicem eius nether dothe the vrine passage helpe anye thynge thereto but serueth onlye for the expulsion of vrine wherein yet both great and small stones are often sene In the ende of the .xii. spondils of the rybbes and vnder the firste spondill of the reines are set the reines or kydneis called in Latine Renes in Greeke Nephroi wythin the holownesse of the bodye the righte kydney beinge euer placed hygher then the lefte Whose offyce is to conuerte the aforesayde whayey substance of bloude conueyed into them by the meanes a lyttle before in the .iiii. chapiter mencyoned into perfecte vryne In echo of the whyche kidneis is a certeine fyne straiuynge waye implanted called of Galen Porus Vreticus throughe whyche the whey of bloude sucked in by Vasa Emulgentia from the holowe veine and greate arterye is conueyed oute of the kidneis into the water pipes called in Greeke Vretheres and in Latine Meatus Vrinarii whyche from thence descende passynge crokedlye downe tyll they be ioyned by the nether endes wyth the vtter skyn nyghe the necke of the bladder percynge also immediatlye the inner skyn thereof Wherof it obteyneth a certayne lyttle couerynge like a flappe resembling bothe in forme and function suche as we see in pumpes and sluces whyche by the fallynge course of vrine is driuen open at the entrance therof into the bladder but after wardes fallynge to agayne it so closelye shutteth the entrance that as Galen saythe not onlye vrine but also ayer is prohibyted to goe backe agayne into the sayde water pype And it is manifest that the synewes of those places come from the spondilles of that parte and the veines and arteries of those members goe as doe the veines of the bellye and the flanke That is to saye after and accordinge to the riuels wrinckles graines and the growinge of heare in those partes And therefore it is good that the incisyons of those places be done after the procedinge of the graines and also openinge of apostemes and workinge wyth cauteryes oughte to be doone in these places in the forsayde maner that we commit none error THE FIFTHE PART OF ANAtomye whiche expresseth the forme and shape of the hanches the thighes the hammes the shynnes and the feete and of the members conteined in them The i. Chapiter ☞ Of the hippes and hanches the grindes the thighes and the knee wyth theyr partes IT behoueth nowe that we speake orderlye of the bones of the hanches or hippes whyche are two in number one on the ryghte syde an other on the lefte fastened by gristles ligamēts behinde to the holye bone likewise before one wyth an other wheras the vpper partes of thē bearing vp the guts so named are called Ossa Ilium and vulgarly Anchas and at the nether partes dependynge Ossa pubis or Pectinis where also they are streighter narower together in men then in women Towarde the sydes furthermore outwardlye they haue in eche a manyfest greatnesse wherin is a holownesse called the bore or cuppe of the hippe and there are they called in Greke Ischia and in latine Coxendices Through at whyche boxe passeth a hard and stronge insensible ligament from a muscle lying wythin the share enteringe the rounde ende of the thyghe bone wherby it is therin firmlye fastened Which ligamēt if it be broken by the dislocation of the thighe bone the bone can neuer be restored to endure in hys place nor the ioynte made perfecte gaine Wherfore the chirurgien may helpe the ache payne of the member caused by the dislocatyon but restore it to continue he cā not for it wil eftsones leape oute againe Outwardlye is thys ioynte bound with strong insensible ligamentes and also wyth synewes Chordes And in the insyde of this ioynte betwene the legges are the emunctorye places called the grindes or shares where as the lyuer hathe his clensinge place in the tyme of Pestilence or anye lyke venemous infection as ye may perceiue by the apostemes there put forthe at suche tymes euen as the harte putteth forthe in the arme holes and the brayne vnder the eares or in the throte And in the grindes are founde certayne curnels or glandulous fleshe euen s●che as are founde vnder the iawes and in lyke places Then after the ioyntes of the hyppes are ordeyned the thigh bones called Femora Femina and of some Coxa whych wythin are holow and ful of marow and wythout round and the vpper ende of thys bone as I sayde afore is fastned wyth the cuppe or boxe of the hippe wher as it turneth and moueth in the time of mouing of the thigh legge or foote And the nether ende entereth into the boxe or cuppe of the focill of the shinne and there it is fastened wyth the shinne bones This ioynte is also bounde wyth stronge insensible ligamentes which be ordeined in euery iuncture that the rubbynge or mouinge of the ioyntes should not be felte painfull or vneasye as we sufficientlye haue declared in the firste treatise of the symple members in the third chapiter And vpon this ioynte of the knee in the forparte therof is sette a rounde gristlye bone called in greeke Epigomatis Mola in latine Patella uel Rotula Genu in Englishe the rotule of the knee whose offyce is to defende the ioynte and to make the mouinge therof the more easy The .ii. Chapiter ☞ Of the shynnes of the ancles the feete and the toes the bones and other partes of their composityon with the figure and number of them ANd after the knee are ordeined the .ii. bones of the legge Whyche are fastened after the lengthe in the nether ende wyth the ancle