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water_n accident_n certain_a great_a 56 3 2.1433 3 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A63196 The tryal of Spencer Cowper, Esq, John Marson, Ellis Stevens, and William Rogers, gent. upon an indictment for the murther of Mrs. Sarah Stout, a Quaker before Mr. Baron Hatsell, at Hertford assizes, July 18, 1699 : of which they were acquitted : with the opinions of the eminent physicians and chyrurgeons on both sides, concerning drowned bodies, delivered in the tryal and the several letters produced in court. Cowper, Spencer, 1669-1728, defendant.; Marson, John, defendant.; Stevens, Ellis, defendant.; Rogers, William, Gent, defendant. 1699 (1699) Wing T2224; ESTC R18301 87,512 48

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forget_v his_o errand_n mr._n jones_n swear_v dr._n burnet_n which_o be_v do_v dr._n you_o hear_v what_o be_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n what_o be_v your_o opinion_n of_o it_o dr._n burnet_n my_o lord_n i_o think_v that_o if_o any_o person_n fall_v into_o the_o water_n by_o accident_n or_o throw_v himself_o in_o the_o body_n will_v receive_v water_n as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v alive_a and_o there_o be_v endeavour_n for_o respiration_n and_o after_o these_o endeavour_n be_v over_o there_o be_v no_o water_n will_v come_v in_o for_o all_o the_o part_n be_v closs_v so_o consequent_o there_o must_v be_v water_n in_o all_o probability_n find_v in_o she_o mr._n jones_n what_o do_v they_o swim_v or_o sink_v dr._n burnet_n they_o sink_v i_o never_o see_v a_o person_n drown_v take_v up_o without_o water_n in_o my_o life_n but_o i_o have_v see_v several_a full_a of_o water_n mr._n cowper_n i_o think_v you_o say_v when_o the_o faculty_n of_o respiration_n cease_v no_o water_n come_v in_o dr._n 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be_v allow_v to_o sink_v the_o dead_a body_n whereas_o six_o or_o seven_o pound_n wo●…d_v do_v as_o well_o i_o can_v think_v the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o navy_n guilty_a of_o so_o ill_a husbandry_n but_o the_o design_n of_o tie_v weight_n to_o their_o dead_a body_n be_v to_o prevent_v their_o float_v at_o all_o which_o otherwise_o will_v happen_v in_o some_o few_o day_n therefore_o what_o i_o say_v be_v this_o that_o if_o these_o gentleman_n have_v find_v a_o cord_n or_o the_o print_n of_o it_o about_o the_o neck_n of_o this_o unfortunate_a gentlewoman_n or_o any_o wound_n that_o have_v occasion●…d_v her_o death_n they_o may_v then_o have_v say_v something_o mr_n cowper_n do_v you_o apprehend_v that_o any_o quantity_n of_o water_n can_v enter_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n dr_n garth_n it_o be_v impossible_a there_o shall_v till_o the_o lung_n be_v quite_o rot_v there_o be_v no_o way_n out_o by_o the_o lung_n which_o be_v invest_v with_o so_o strong_a a_o membrane_n that_o we_o can_v force_v breath_n with_o o●…r_a blow-pipe_n through_o it_o and_o there●…s_v a_o great_a providence_n in_o such_o a_o texture_n for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o large_a pore_n in_o this_o membrane_n the_o air_n will_v pass_v through_o it_o into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n and_o prevent_v the_o delatation_n of_o the_o lung_n and_o by_o consequence_n there_o will_v be_v a_o end_n of_o breathe_v mr_n cowper_n dr_n morley_n pray_v be_v please_v to_o give_v your_o opinion_n of_o these_o matter_n dr_n morley_n those_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v question_n of_o great_a moment_n be_v whether_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n for_o this_o body_n if_o drown_v to_o have_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n in_o it_o and_o whether_o body_n throw_v dead_a into_o the_o water_n float_v to_o the_o first_o i_o answer_v positive_o that_o there_o be_v no_o absolute_a necessity_n that_o she_o shall_v have_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n in_o she_o and_o i_o think_v the_o question_n mr_n cowper_n ask_v dr_n coatsworth_n whether_o he_o have_v like_a to_o be_v drown_v by_o accident_n or_o 〈◊〉_d su●…es_o with_o my_o assertion_n for_o if_o this_o gentlewoman_n do_v voluntary_o drown_v herself_o she_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d likelihood_n throw_v herself_o into_o the_o water_n with_o a_o resolution_n of_o keep_v her_o breath_n for●…_n 〈◊〉_d suffocation_n and_o then_o if_o upon_o the_o first_o endeavour_n for_o respiration_n which_o natural_o must_v be_v 〈◊〉_d into_o her_o lung_n 2_o ounce_n of_o water_n it_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o drown_v of_o she_o as_o if_o there_o have_v be_v 2_o tun._n we_o see_v the_o same_o thing_n do_v by_o divers_a in_o order_n to_o save_v themselves_o as_o it_o happen_v to_o this_o unfortunate_a gentlewoman_n in_o her_o design_n of_o destroy_v herself_o if_o a_o diver_n before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o surface_n of_o water_n shall_v so_o far_o mistake_v his_o power_n of_o hold_v his_o breath_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o endeavour_v 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dr_n woollaston_n my_o lord_n i_o think_v it_o be_v impossible_a to_o be_v know_v for_o if_o there_o have_v be_v never_o so_o much_o water_n in_o the_o body_n at_o first_o it_o can_v not_o lie_v there_o so_o long_o but_o must_v of_o necessity_n have_v force_v its_o way_n out_o we_o see_v in_o person_n that_o die_v of_o dropsy_n that_o the_o water_n will_v work_v itself_o out_o and_o sometime_o burst_v the_o body_n before_o it_o be_v bury_v and_o i_o be_o sure_a if_o it_o do_v so_o in_o dropsy_n where_o there_o be_v no_o visible_a passage_n for_o it_o to_o get_v out_o at_o it_o must_v do_v so_o much_o more_o in_o drown_a person_n where_o the_o water_n lie_v only_o in_o the_o stomach_n and_o gut_n and_o have_v nothing_o to_o hinder_v its_o work_n out_o when_o it_o ferment_n as_o it_o always_o do_v mr_n cowper_n have_v you_o ever_o make_v any_o experiment_n in_o that_o nature_n doctor_n dr_n woollaston_n i_o have_v make_v no_o experiment_n but_o i_o have_v see_v a_o very_a particular_a 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between_o 5_o and_o 6_o a_o clock_n some_o of_o the_o man_n that_o come_v into_o my_o yard_n to_o work_v tell_v i_o a_o woman_n be_v drown_v at_o the_o mill_n i_o stay_v a_o little_a and_o go_v down_o to_o see_v and_o when_o i_o come_v there_o i_o see_v a_o woman_n as_o they_o have_v tell_v i_o and_o i_o see_v par●…_n of_o her_o coat_n lie_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n to_o be_v see_v and_o i_o look_v strict_o and_o nice_o within_o the_o bridge_n and_o see_v the_o face_n of_o a_o woman_n and_o her_o left_a arm_n be_v on_o the_o outside_n the_o stake_n which_o i_o believe_v keep_v she_o from_o go_v through_o so_o i_o look_v upon_o she_o very_o wishful_o and_o be_v go_v back_o again_o and_o as_o i_o come_v back_o i_o meet_v with_o r._n dew_n and_o two_o of_o my_o neighbour_n and_o they_o ase_v i_o to_o go_v back_o with_o they_o and_o say_v they_o be_v go_v to_o take_v she_o up_o and_o be_v constable_n i_o tell_v they_o i_o think_v it_o be_v not_o proper_a to_o do_v it_o and_o 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the_o money_n for_o when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v know_v who_o she_o be_v i_o know_v we_o must_v give_v a_o account_n on_o it_o and_o i_o lay_v it_o upon_o a_o block_n and_o tell_v it_o and_o they_o tie_v it_o up_o in_o a_o handkerchif_n and_o i_o say_v i_o will_v keep_v the_o money_n and_o they_o shall_v seal_v it_o up_o to_o prevent_v any_o question_n about_o it_o and_o during_o all_o this_o while_n of_o discourse_n and_o seal_v up_o the_o money_n the_o froth_n still_o work_v out_o of_o her_o mouth_n mr._n cowper_n have_v you_o measure_v the_o depth_n of_o the_o water_n what_o depth_n be_v it_o there_o young_a i_o measure_v the_o water_n this_o morning_n and_o it_o be_v so_o high_a that_o be_v run_v over_o the_o floodgate_n and_o the_o height_n of_o it_o be_v about_o 4_o foot_n 2_o inch_n but_o sometime_o it_o be_v pen_v up_o to_o a_o great_a height_n than_o it_o be_v to_o day_n mr._n cowper_n be_v it_o high_a to_o day_n than_o when_o the_o body_n be_v find_v young_a to_o the_o best_a 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the_o body_n be_v something_o under_o the_o water_n mr_n cowper_n now_o i_o will_v trouble_v your_o lordship_n no_o more_o with_o that_o fact_n but_o i_o will_v give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o the_o coroner_n inquest_n how_o diligent_a they_o be_v in_o their_o proceed_n and_o produce_v a_o copy_n of_o the_o inquisition_n itself_o that_o she_o be_v find_v to_o have_v drown_v herself_o mr_n bar._n hatsell_n mr_n cowper_n that_o be_v no_o evidence_n if_o it_o be_v
produce_v in_o order_n to_o contradict_v what_o these_o witness_n have_v say_v that_o have_v be_v examine_v for_o the_o king_n but_o if_o you_o will_v prove_v that_o they_o have_v swear_v otherwise_o before_o the_o coroner_n than_o they_o now_o do_v than_o you_o say_v something_o otherwise_o the_o coroner_n inquest_n signify_v nothing_o as_o to_o the_o present_a question_n mr_n cowper_n call_v thomas_n wall_n i_o be_o loath_a to_o be_v troublesome_a but_o if_o you_o please_v to_o favour_v i_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v of_o they_o whether_o they_o do_v admit_v there_o be_v a_o inquisition_n and_o that_o she_o be_v find_v non_fw-la compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la and_o do_v kill_v herself_o mr_n jones_n we_o do_v admit_v it_o juryman_n we_o desire_v it_o may_v be_v read_v mr_n bar._n hatsell_n why_o will_v you_o believe_v what_o they_o agree_v to_o on_o both_o side_n juryman_n if_o they_o do_v agree_v so_o i_o be_o satisfy_v mr_n cowper_n thomas_n wall_n pray_v do_v you_o give_v a_o account_n 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stomach_n but_o by_o the_o gullet_n which_o be_v contract_v or_o purse_v up_o by_o a_o muscle_n in_o nature_n of_o a_o sphincter_n for_o if_o this_o passage_n be_v always_o open_a like_o that_o of_o the_o windpipe_n the_o i_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n will_v force_v itself_o into_o the_o stomac_n and_o we_o shall_v be_v sensible_a of_o the_o great_a inconvenience_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o some_o water_n fall_v into_o her_o lung_n because_o the_o weight_n of_o it_o will_v force_v itself_o down_o but_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o windpipe_n with_o its_o ramification_n as_o one_o cylinder_n the_o calculation_n of_o its_o content_n will_v not_o amount_v to_o above_o 23_o or_o 24_o solid_a inch_n of_o water_n which_o be_v not_o a_o pint_n and_o which_o may_v imperceptible_o work_v and_o fall_v out_o i_o remember_v i_o offer_v a_o wager_n at_o garaway_n coffee_n house_n to_o a_o gentleman_n here_o in_o court_n mr_n bar._n hastell_n pray_v doctor_n tell_v we_o your_o opinion_n as_o to_o what_o the_o seaman_n say_v and_o also_o as_o to_o what_o dr_n sloan_n say_v whether_o water_n in_o the_o body_n will_v putrify_v it_o dr_n garth_n i_o say_v not_o for_o in_o some_o place_n they_o keep_v flesh_n meat_n from_o corrupt_v by_o preserve_v it_o in_o water_n and_o it_o be_v well_o know_v it_o will_v putrif_n less_o so_o than_o when_o expos●…d_a to_o air_n mr_n bar_n hatsell_n but_o what_o do_v you_o say_v as_o to_o the_o sink_n of_o dead_a body_n in_o water_n dr_n garth_n if_o a_o strangle_a body_n be_v throw_v into_o the_o water_n the_o lung_n be_v fill_v ●…_n with_o air_n and_o ●…_n cord_n leave_v about_o the_o neck_n it_o be_v probable_a it_o may_v float_v because_o of_o the_o include_v air_n as_o a_o bladder_n will_v but_o here_o be_v neither_o cord_n nor_o any_o mark_n of_o it_o nor_o nothing_o but_o ●…_n common_a stagnation_n mr_n bar._n hatsell_n but_o you_o do_v observe_v my_o question_n the_o seaman_n say_v that_o those_o that_o die_v at_o sea_n and_o be_v throw_v overboard_o if_o you_o do_v tie_v a_o weight_n to_o they_o they_o will_v not_o sink_v what_o say_v you_o to_o that_o dr_n garth_n my_o lord_n no_o doubt_n in_o this_o they_o be_v mistake_v the_o seaman_n be_v as_o superstitious_a people_n they_o fancy_v that_o whistle_n at_o sea_n will_v occasion_v a_o tempest_n i_o must_v confess_v i_o never_o see_v any_o body_n throw_v overboard_o but_o i_o have_v try_v some_o experiment_n on_o other_o dead_a animal_n and_o they_o will_v certain_o sink_v we_o have_v try_v this_o since_o we_o come_v hither_o now_o my_o lord_n i_o think_v we_o have_v reason_n to_o suspect_v the_o seaman_n evidence_n for_o he_o say_v that_o threescore_o pound_n of_o iron_n
call_v mr_n william_n cowper_n and_o because_o of_o his_o name_n i_o must_v acquaint_v your_o lordship_n that_o he_o be_v not_o at_o all_o relate_v to_o i_o though_o i_o shall_v be_v proud_a to_o own_v he_o if_o he_o be_v so_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o i_o believe_v most_o people_n admit_v he_o the_o best_a anatomist_n in_o europe_n mr_n cowper_n pray_v will_v you_o give_v your_o opinion_n of_o this_o matter_n mr_n w._n cowper_n my_o lord_n i_o hope_v what_o i_o shall_v say_v will_v not_o be_v suspect_v because_o i_o '_o be_o of_o the_o same_o name_n for_o this_o gentleman_n be_v a_o utter_a stranger_n to_o i_o mr_n bar._n hatsell_n pray_v mr_n cowper_n without_o any_o apology_n give_v your_o opinion_n concern_v person_n drown_v and_o how_o it_o be_v with_o they_o in_o their_o inward_a part_n mr_n w._n cowper_n i_o will_v give_v you_o a_o short_a account_n i_o hope_v to_o your_o satisfaction_n too_o my_o lord_n i_o will_v not_o only_o speak_v from_o reason_n 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than_o they_o sink_v if_o dead_a then_o they_o swim_v that_o make_v some_o more_o curious_a to_o look_v into_o this_o matter_n at_o first_o it_o be_v think_v that_o such_o a_o accident_n may_v happen_v though_o they_o can_v not_o imagine_v any_o cause_n for_o this_o woman_n to_o do_v so_o who_o have_v so_o great_a prosperity_n have_v so_o good_a a_o estate_n and_o have_v no_o occasion_n to_o do_v a_o action_n upon_o herself_o so_o wicked_a and_o so_o barbarous_a nor_o can_v learn_v what_o reason_n she_o have_v to_o induce_v she_o to_o such_o a_o thing_n upon_o view_n of_o the_o body_n it_o do_v appear_v there_o have_v be_v violence_n use_v to_o the_o woman_n there_o be_v a_o crease_n round_o her_o neck_n she_o be_v bruise_v about_o her_o ear_n so_o that_o it_o do_v seem_v as_o if_o she_o have_v be_v strangle_v either_o by_o hand_n or_o a_o rope_n gentleman_n upon_o the_o examination_n of_o this_o matter_n it_o be_v wonder_v how_o this_o matter_n come_v about_o it_o be_v dark_a and_o blind_a the_o coroner_n at_o that_o time_n nor_o these_o people_n have_v no_o evidence_n give_v but_o the_o ordinary_a evidence_n and_o it_o pass_v in_o a_o day_n we_o must_v call_v our_o witness_n to_o this_o fact_n that_o of_o necessity_n you_o must_v conclude_v she_o be_v strangle_v and_o do_v not_o drown_v herself_o if_o we_o give_v you_o as_o strong_a a_o proof_n as_o can_v be_v upon_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fact_n that_o she_o be_v strangle_v than_o the_o 2d_o matter_n under_o your_o enquiry_n will_v be_v to_o know_v who_o or_o what_o person_n shall_v be_v the_o man_n that_o do_v the_o fact_n i_o tell_v you_o before_o it_o be_v as_o all_o wicked_a action_n be_v a_o matter_n of_o darkness_n and_o do_v in_o secret_a to_o be_v keep_v as_o much_o from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o man_n as_o be_v possible_a true_o gentleman_n as_o to_o the_o person_n at_o the_o bar_n the_o evidence_n of_o the_o fact_n will_v be_v ●…ery_o short_a and_o will_v be_v to_o this_o purpose_n mr_n cowper_n 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here_o on_o the_o 13_o of_o march_n last_o the_o assize_n day_n my_o lord_n when_o they_o come_v to_o town_n they_o come_v to_o a_o house_n and_o take_v lodging_n at_o one_o gurreys_n they_o take_v a_o bed_n for_o two_o and_o go_v out_o of_o their_o lodging_n have_v take_v a_o room_n with_o a_o large_a bed_n in_o it_o and_o afterward_o they_o go_v to_o the_o glove_n and_o dolphin_n and_o then_o about_o 8_o a_o clock_n one_o marson_n come_v to_o they_o there_o in_o what_o company_n they_o come_v your_o lordship_n and_o the_o jury_n will_v know_v by_o and_o by_o they_o stay_v there_o my_o lord_n at_o the_o glove_n from_o 8_o a_o clock_n to_o 11_o as_o they_o say_v at_o 11_o these_o three_o gentleman_n come_v all_o in_o to_o their_o lodging_n together_o to_o this_o gurreys_n my_o lord_n when_o they_o come_v in_o it_o be_v very_o observable_a among_o they_o unless_o there_o have_v be_v a_o sort_n of_o fate_n in_o it_o ●…st_v that_o they_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v in_o the_o condition_n 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wine_n my_o lord_n so_o after_o they_o have_v drink_v of_o the_o wine_n they_o talk_v of_o it_o and_o one_o pull_v out_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o money_n say_v one_o to_o another_o what_o money_n have_v you_o spend_v to_o day_n say_v the_o other_o thou_o have_v have_v 40_o or_o 50_o l._n for_o thy_o share_n say_v the_o other_o i_o will_v spend_v all_o the_o money_n i_o have_v for_o joy_v the_o business_n be_v do_v my_o lord_n this_o discourse_n happen_v to_o be_v among_o they_o which_o make_v the_o people_n of_o the_o house_n consider_v and_o bethink_v themselves_o when_o the_o next_o day_n they_o hear_v of_o this_o mrs_n stout'_v be_v find_v in_o the_o water_n this_o make_v they_o recollect_v and_o call_v to_o mind_v all_o these_o discourse_n my_o lord_n after_o these_o gentleman_n have_v stay_v there_o all_o night_n next_o morning_n true_o it_o be_v observe_v and_o i_o suppose_v some_o account_n will_v be_v give_v of_o it_o that_o mr_n cowper_n and_o they_o do_v meet_v together_o 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