because_o the_o air_n be_v not_o able_a to_o pierce_v and_o enter_v so_o low_a but_o as_o much_o as_o it_o can_v take_v hold_n of_o with_o the_o cold_a either_o in_o touch_v or_o approach_v near_o unto_o it_o so_o much_o it_o frize_v and_o congeal_v and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o barbarian_n when_o they_o be_v to_o pass_v great_a river_n freeze_v over_o with_o ice_n send_v out_o fox_n before_o the_o for_o if_o the_o ice_n be_v not_o thick_a but_o superficial_a the_o fox_n hear_v the_o noise_n of_o the_o water_n run_v underneath_o return_v back_o again_o some_o also_o that_o be_v dispose_v to_o fish_n do_v thaw_n and_o open_v the_o ice_n with_o cast_v hot_a water_n upon_o it_o and_o so_o let_v down_o their_o line_n at_o the_o hole_n for_o than_o will_v the_o fish_n come_v to_o the_o bait_n and_o bite_v thus_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o river_n be_v not_o freeze_v although_o the_o upper_a face_n thereof_o stand_v all_o over_o with_o a_o ice_n and_o that_o so_o strong_a that_o the_o water_n thereby_o draw_v and_o drive_v in_o so_o hard_a be_v able_a to_o crush_v and_o break_v the_o boat_n and_o vessel_n within_o it_o according_a as_o they_o make_v credible_a relation_n unto_o we_o who_o now_o do_v winter_n upon_o the_o river_n donow_v with_o the_o emperor_n and_o yet_o without_o all_o these_o far-fetched_a example_n the_o very_a experiment_n that_o we_o find_v in_o our_o own_o body_n do_v testify_v no_o less_o for_o after_o much_o bathe_n or_o sweat_v always_o we_o be_v more_o cold_a and_o chill_a for_o that_o our_o body_n be_v then_o open_a and_o resolve_v we_o receive_v at_o the_o pore_n cold_a together_o with_o air_n in_o more_o abundance_n the_o same_o befall_v unto_o water_n itself_o which_o both_o soon_o cool_v and_o grow_v also_o cold_a after_o it_o have_v be_v once_o make_v hot_a for_o then_o more_o subject_a it_o be_v to_o the_o injury_n of_o the_o air_n consider_v also_o that_o even_o they_o who_o fling_v and_o cast_v up_o scald_a water_n into_o the_o air_n do_v it_o for_o no_o other_o purpose_n but_o to_o mingle_v it_o with_o much_o air_n the_o opinion_n then_o of_o he_o o_o phavorinus_n who_o assign_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o cold_a unto_o air_n be_v found_v upon_o such_o reason_n and_o probability_n as_o these_o as_o for_o he_o who_o ascribe_v it_o unto_o water_n he_o lay_v his_o ground_n likewise_o upon_o such_o principle_n for_o in_o this_o manner_n write_v empedocles_n behold_v the_o sun_n how_o bright_a always_o and_o hot_a he_o be_v beside_o but_o 〈◊〉_d be_v ever_o black_a and_o dark_a and_o cold_a on_o every_o side_n for_o in_o oppose_v cold_a to_o heat_n as_o blackness_n unto_o brightness_n he_o give_v we_o occasion_n to_o collect_v and_o infer_v that_o as_o heat_n and_o brightness_n belong_v to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o substance_n even_o so_o cold_a and_o blackness_n to_o another_o now_o that_o the_o black_a hue_n proceed_v not_o from_o air_n but_o from_o water_n the_o very_a experience_n of_o our_o outward_a sense_n be_v able_a to_o prove_v for_o nothing_o wax_v black_a in_o the_o air_n but_o every_o thing_n in_o the_o water_n do_v but_o cast_v into_o the_o water_n and_o drench_v therein_o a_o lock_n of_o wool_n or_o piece_n of_o cloth_n be_v it_o never_o so_o white_a you_o shall_v when_o you_o take_v it_o forth_o again_o see_v it_o look_v blackish_a and_o so_o will_v it_o continue_v until_o by_o heat_n the_o moisture_n be_v full_o suck_v up_o and_o dry_v or_o that_o by_o the_o press_n or_o some_o weight_v it_o be_v squeize_v out_o mark_v the_o earth_n when_o there_o fall_v a_o shower_n of_o rain_n how_o every_o place_n whereupon_o the_o drop_n fall_v seem_v black_a and_o all_o the_o rest_n beside_o retain_v the_o same_o colour_n that_o it_o have_v before_o and_o even_o water_n itself_o the_o deep_a that_o it_o be_v the_o black_a hue_n it_o have_v because_o there_o be_v morequantity_v of_o it_o but_o contrariwise_o what_o part_n soever_o thereof_o be_v near_o unto_o air_n the_o same_o by_o and_o by_o be_v lightsome_a and_o cheerful_a to_o the_o eye_n consider_v among_o other_o liquid_a substance_n how_o oil_n be_v most_o transparent_a as_o wherein_o there_o be_v most_o air_n for_o proof_n whereof_o see_v how_o light_a it_o be_v and_o this_o be_v it_o which_o cause_v it_o to_o swim_v above_o all_o other_o liquor_n as_o be_v carry_v aloft_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o air_n and_o that_o which_o more_o be_v it_o make_v a_o calm_a in_o the_o sea_n when_o it_o be_v fling_v and_o sprinkle_v upon_o the_o wave_n not_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o slippery_a smoothness_n whereby_o the_o wind_n do_v glide_v over_o it_o and_o will_v take_v no_o hold_n according_a as_o aristotle_n say_v but_o for_o that_o the_o wave_n be_v beat_v with_o any_o humour_n whatsoever_o will_v spread_v themselves_o and_o lie_v even_o and_o principal_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o oil_n which_o have_v this_o special_a and_o peculiar_a property_n above_o all_o other_o liquor_n that_o it_o make_v clear_a and_o give_v mean_n to_o see_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n for_o that_o humidity_n open_v and_o cleave_v when_o air_n come_v in_o place_n and_o not_o only_o yield_v a_o clear_a light_n within_o the_o sea_n to_o divers_a who_o fish-ebb_n in_o the_o night_n for_o sponge_n and_o pluck_v they_o from_o the_o rock_n whereto_o they_o cleave_v but_o also_o in_o the_o deep_a hole_n thereof_o when_o they_o spurt_v it_o out_o of_o their_o mouth_n the_o air_n than_o be_v no_o black_a than_o the_o water_n but_o less_o cold_a for_o trial_n hereof_o look_v but_o upon_o oil_n which_o of_o all_o liquor_n have_v most_o air_n in_o it_o be_v nothing_o cold_a at_o all_o and_o if_o it_o freeze_n at_o all_o it_o be_v but_o gentle_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o air_n incorporate_v within_o it_o will_v not_o suffer_v it_o to_o gather_v and_o congeal_v hard_a mark_v workman_n also_o and_o artisane_n how_o they_o do_v not_o dip_v and_o keep_v their_o needle_n buckle_n and_o clasp_n or_o other_o such_o thing_n make_v of_o iron_n in_o water_n but_o in_o oil_n for_o fear_v leave_v the_o excessive_a cold_n of_o the_o water_n will_v mar_v and_o spoil_v they_o quite_o i_o stand_v the_o more_o hereupon_o because_o i_o think_v it_o more_o meet_a to_o debate_v this_o disputation_n by_o such_o proof_n rather_o than_o by_o the_o colour_n consider_v that_o snow_n hail_n and_o ice_n be_v exceed_o white_a and_o clear_a and_o withal_o most_o cold_a contrariwise_o pitch_n be_v hot_a than_o honey_n and_o yet_o you_o see_v it_o be_v more_o dark_a and_o duskish_a and_o here_o i_o can_v choose_v but_o wonder_n at_o those_o who_o will_v needs_o have_v the_o air_n to_o be_v cold_a because_o forsooth_o it_o be_v dark_a as_o also_o that_o they_o consider_v not_o how_o other_o take_v and_o judge_v it_o hot_a because_o it_o be_v light_a for_o tenebrositie_n and_o darkness_n be_v not_o so_o familiar_a and_o near_a cousin_n unto_o cold_a as_o ponderosity_n and_o unweldinesse_n be_v proper_a thereto_o for_o many_o thing_n there_o be_v altogether_o void_a of_o heat_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v bright_a and_o clear_a but_o there_o be_v no_o cold_a thing_n light_n and_o nimble_a or_o mount_v upward_o for_o cloud_n the_o more_o they_o stand_v upon_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o air_n the_o high_a they_o be_v carry_v and_o fly_v aloft_o but_o no_o soon_o resolve_v they_o into_o a_o liquid_a nature_n and_o substance_n but_o incontinent_o they_o fall_v and_o loose_v their_o lightness_n and_o agility_n no_o less_o than_o their_o heat_n when_o cold_a be_v engender_v in_o they_o contrariwise_o when_o heat_n come_v in_o place_n they_o change_v their_o motion_n again_o to_o the_o contrary_a and_o their_o substance_n mount_v upward_o so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v convert_v into_o air_n neither_o be_v that_o supposition_n true_a as_o touch_v corruption_n for_o every_o thing_n that_o perish_v be_v not_o transmute_v into_o the_o contrary_a but_o the_o truth_n be_v all_o thing_n be_v kill_v and_o die_v by_o their_o contrary_n for_o so_o fire_n be_v quench_v by_o fire_n turn_v into_o air_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n aeschylus_n the_o poet_n say_v true_o although_o tragical_o when_o he_o call_v water_v the_o punishment_n of_o fire_n for_o these_o be_v his_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o water_n stay_v which_o fire_n do_v stay_v and_o homer_n in_o a_o certain_a battle_n oppose_v vulcan_n to_o the_o river_n and_o with_o neptune_n match_v apollo_n not_o so_o much_o by_o way_n of_o fabulous_a fiction_n as_o by_o physical_a and_o natural_a reason_n and_o as_o for_o 〈◊〉_d a_o wicked_a woman_n who_o mean_v clean_o contrary_a to_o that_o which_o she_o say_v and_o show_v write_v elegant_o in_o this_o wise_a the_o
side_n it_o lie_v low_a of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n and_o by_o occasion_n thereof_o rest_v unmooveable_a have_v no_o cause_n why_o it_o shall_v incline_v more_o to_o one_o part_n than_o to_o another_o but_o yet_o some_o place_n of_o she_o because_o of_o their_o rarity_n do_v jog_v and_o shake_v epicurus_n keep_v his_o old_a tune_n say_v it_o may_v well_o be_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v shog_v and_o as_o it_o be_v rock_v and_o beat_v by_o the_o air_n underneath_o which_o be_v gross_a and_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o water_n therefore_o move_v and_o quake_v as_o also_o it_o may_v be_v quoth_v he_o that_o be_v hollow_a and_o full_a of_o hole_n in_o the_o part_n below_o it_o be_v force_v to_o tremble_v and_o shake_v by_o the_o air_n that_o be_v get_v within_o the_o cave_n and_o concavity_n and_o there_o enclose_v chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o sea_n how_o it_o be_v make_v and_o come_v to_o be_v bitter_a anaximander_n affirm_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v a_o residue_n remain_v of_o the_o primitive_a humidity_n whereof_o the_o sun_n have_v burn_v up_o and_o consume_v a_o great_a part_n the_o rest_n behind_o he_o alter_v and_o turn_v from_o the_o natural_a kind_n by_o his_o excessive_a ardent_a heat_n anaxagoras_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o say_v first_o humidity_n be_v diffuse_v and_o spread_v abroad_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o pool_n or_o great_a mere_a be_v burn_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n about_o it_o and_o when_o the_o oileous_a substance_n thereof_o be_v exhale_v and_o consume_v the_o rest_n settle_v below_o and_o turn_v into_o a_o brackish_a and_o bitter-saltnesse_n which_o be_v the_o sea_n empedocles_n say_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o sweat_n of_o the_o earth_n enchafe_v by_o the_o sun_n be_v bathe_v and_o wash_v all_o over_o aloft_o antiston_n think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o sweat_n of_o heat_n the_o moisture_n whereof_o which_o be_v within_o be_v by_o much_o seethe_a and_o boil_v send_v out_o become_v salt_n a_o thing_n ordinary_a in_o all_o sweat_v metrodorus_n suppose_v the_o sea_n to_o be_v that_o moisture_n which_o run_v through_o the_o earth_n retain_v some_o part_n of_o the_o densitie_n thereof_o like_a as_o that_o which_o pass_v through_o ash_n the_o disciple_n of_o plato_n imagine_v that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o elementary_a water_n which_o be_v congeal_v of_o the_o air_n by_o refrigeration_n be_v sweet_a and_o fresh_a but_o whatsoever_o do_v evaporate_v by_o burn_v and_o inflammation_n become_v salt_n chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o tide_n to_o wit_n the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n what_o be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o aristotle_n and_o heraclitus_n affirm_v that_o it_o be_v the_o sun_n which_o do_v it_o as_o who_o stir_v raise_v and_o carry_v about_o with_o he_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o wind_n which_o come_v to_o blow_v upon_o the_o ocean_n cause_n the_o atlantic_a sea_n to_o swell_v and_o so_o make_v the_o flux_n or_o high_a water_n but_o when_o the_o same_o be_v allay_v and_o clean_o down_o the_o sea_n fall_v low_a and_o so_o cause_v a_o reflux_n and_o ebb_n or_o low_a water_n pytheas_n of_o marseils_n refer_v the_o cause_n of_o flow_v to_o the_o full_a moon_n and_o of_o ebb_a to_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o wane_n plato_n attribute_v all_o to_o a_o certain_a rise_n of_o the_o water_n say_v there_o be_v such_o a_o elevation_n that_o through_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o cave_n carry_v the_o ebb_n and_o flow_v to_o and_o fro_o by_o the_o mean_n whereof_o the_o sea_n do_v rise_v and_o flow_v contrary_o timaeus_n allege_v the_o cause_n hereof_o to_o be_v the_o river_n which_o fall_v from_o the_o mountain_n in_o gaul_n enter_v into_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n which_o by_o their_o violent_a corruption_n drive_v before_o they_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n cause_n the_o flow_n and_o by_o their_o cease_n and_o return_v back_o by_o time_n the_o ebb_n seleucus_z the_o mathematician_n who_o affirm_v also_o that_o the_o earth_n move_v say_v that_o the_o motion_n thereof_o be_v opposite_a and_o contrary_a to_o that_o of_o the_o moon_n also_o that_o the_o wind_n be_v drive_v to_o and_o fro_o by_o these_o two_o contrary_a revolution_n blow_v and_o beat_v upon_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n trouble_v the_o sea_n also_o and_o no_o marvel_n according_a as_o it_o be_v disquiet_v itself_o chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o round_a circle_n call_v halo_n this_o halo_n be_v make_v after_o this_o manner_n between_o the_o body_n of_o the_o moon_n or_o any_o other_o star_n and_o our_o eyesight_n there_o gather_v a_o gross_a and_o misty_a air_n by_o which_o air_n anon_o our_o sight_n come_v to_o be_v reflect_v and_o diffuse_v and_o afterward_o the_o same_o incur_v upon_o the_o say_a star_n according_a to_o the_o exterior_a circumference_n thereof_o and_o thereupon_o appear_v a_o circle_n round_o about_o the_o star_n which_o be_v there_o see_v be_v call_v halo_n for_o that_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o apparent_a impression_n be_v close_o unto_o that_o upon_o which_o our_o sight_n so_o enlarge_v as_o be_v before_o say_v do_v fall_v the_o four_o book_n of_o philosopher_n opinion_n the_o prooeme_n have_v run_v through_o the_o general_a part_n of_o the_o world_n i_o will_v now_o pass_v unto_o the_o particular_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o rise_n and_o inundation_n of_o nilus_n thales_n think_v that_o the_o anniversarie_n wind_v call_v etcsiae_fw-la blow_v direct_o against_o egypt_n cause_n the_o water_n of_o nilus_n to_o swell_v for_o that_o the_o sea_n be_v drive_v by_o these_o wind_n enter_v within_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o say_a river_n and_o hinder_v it_o that_o it_o can_v discharge_v itself_o free_o into_o the_o sea_n but_o be_v repulse_v backward_o euthymenes_n of_o marseils_n suppose_v that_o this_o river_n be_v fill_v with_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o the_o great_a sea_n lie_v without_o the_o continent_n which_o he_o imagine_v to_o be_v fresh_a and_o sweet_a anaxagoras_n say_v that_o this_o happen_v by_o the_o snow_n in_o aethiopia_n which_o melt_v in_o summer_n and_o be_v congeal_v and_o freeze_v in_o winter_n democritus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v long_o of_o the_o snow_n in_o the_o north_n part_n which_o about_o the_o aestival_n solstice_n and_o return_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v dissolve_v and_o dilate_a breed_v vapour_n and_o of_o they_o be_v engender_v cloud_n which_o be_v drive_v by_o the_o etesian_a wind_n into_o aethiopia_n and_o egypt_n towards_o the_o south_n cause_n great_a and_o violent_a reins_n wherewith_o both_o lake_n and_o the_o river_n also_o nilus_n be_v fill_v herodotus_n the_o historian_n write_v that_o this_o river_n have_v as_o much_o water_n from_o his_o source_n and_o spring_n in_o winter_n as_o in_o summer_n but_o to_o we_o it_o seem_v less_o in_o winter_n because_o the_o sun_n be_v then_o near_o unto_o egypt_n cause_v the_o say_a water_n to_o evaporate_v ephorus_n the_o historiographer_n report_v that_o all_o egypt_n do_v resolve_v and_o run_v at_o it_o be_v whole_o into_o sweat_n in_o summer_n time_n whereunto_o arabia_n and_o libya_n do_v confer_v and_o contribute_v also_o their_o water_n for_o that_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v light_a and_o sandy_a eudoxus_n say_v that_o the_o priest_n of_o egypt_n assign_v the_o cause_n hereof_o to_o the_o great_a reins_n and_o the_o antiperistasis_n or_o contrary_n occurse_v of_o season_n for_o that_o when_o it_o be_v summer_n with_o we_o who_o inhabit_v within_o the_o zone_n towards_o the_o summer_n tropic_n it_o be_v winter_n with_o those_o who_o dwell_v in_o the_o opposite_a zone_n under_o the_o winter_n tropic_n whereupon_o say_v he_o proceed_v this_o great_a inundation_n of_o water_n break_v down_o unto_o the_o river_n nilus_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o soul_n thales_n be_v the_o first_o that_o define_v the_o soul_n to_o be_v a_o nature_n move_v always_o or_o have_v motion_n of_o itself_o pythagoras_n say_v it_o be_v a_o certain_a number_n move_v itself_o and_o this_o number_n he_o take_v for_o intelligence_n or_o understanding_n plato_n suppose_v it_o to_o be_v a_o intellectual_a substance_n move_n itself_o and_o that_o according_a to_o harmonical_a number_n aristotle_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v the_o first_o entelechia_fw-la or_o primitive_a act_n of_o a_o natural_a and_o organical_a body_n have_v life_n potential_o dicearchus_n think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o harmony_n and_o concordance_n of_o the_o four_o element_n asclepiades_fw-la the_o physician_n define_v it_o to_o be_v a_o exercise_n in_o common_a of_o all_o the_o sense_n together_o chap._n iii_o whether_o the_o soul_n be_v a_o body_n and_o what_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o it_o all_o these_o philsosopher_n before_o rehearse_v suppose_v that_o the_o soul_n be_v incorporal_a that_o of_o the_o own_o nature_n it_o move_v and_o be_v a_o spiritual_a substance_n and_o the_o action_n of_o a_o
be_v possible_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o moon_n so_o great_a profundity_n and_o such_o rugged_a inequality_n as_o to_o make_v so_o big_a a_o shadow_n and_o then_o whether_o be_v so_o great_a their_o bigness_n shall_v not_o be_v descry_v and_o see_v by_o we_o hereupon_o i_o smile_v upon_o he_o now_o i_o assure_v you_o apollonides_n quoth_v i_o i_o con_v you_o thank_v you_o have_v do_v it_o very_o well_o in_o devise_v such_o a_o proper_a demonstration_n whereby_o you_o will_v prove_v both_o i_o and_o yourself_o also_o to_o be_v great_a than_o those_o giant_n aloïade_n i_o mean_v not_o at_o every_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n but_o especial_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o evening_n do_v you_o think_v that_o when_o the_o sun_n make_v our_o shadow_n so_o long_o he_o yield_v unto_o our_o sense_n this_o goodly_a collection_n and_o augmentation_n that_o if_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v shadow_v be_v great_a then_o that_o which_o make_v the_o shadow_n must_v needs_o be_v exceed_v great_a 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as_o require_v a_o short_a simple_a and_o plain_a answer_n be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o ambitious_a and_o vainglorious_a sophister_n who_o take_v a_o pride_n in_o the_o elegant_a compose_n of_o oracle_n over_o and_o beside_o pythia_n of_o herself_o be_v of_o a_o gentle_a and_o generous_a nature_n and_o when_o she_o descend_v thither_o and_o converse_v with_o the_o god_n she_o have_v more_o regard_n of_o truth_n than_o of_o glory_n neither_o pase_v she_o whether_o man_n praise_v or_o dispraise_v she_o and_o better_a iwis_o it_o be_v for_o we_o if_o we_o also_o be_v likewise_o affect_v but_o we_o now_o in_o a_o great_a agony_n as_o it_o be_v &_o fearful_a perplexity_n lest_o the_o place_n shall_v lose_v the_o reputation_n which_o it_o have_v have_v for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o thousand_o year_n and_o doubt_v that_o some_o will_v abandon_v it_o and_o cease_v to_o frequent_v it_o as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o school_n of_o a_o sophister_n who_o fear_v to_o lose_v his_o credit_n and_o to_o 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