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A46955 Julian's arts to undermine and extirpate Christianity together with answers to Constantius the Apostate, and Jovian / by Samuel Johnson. Johnson, Samuel, 1649-1703.; Constantius II, Emperor of Rome, 317-361.; Jovian, Emperor of Rome, ca. 331-364. 1689 (1689) Wing J832; ESTC R16198 97,430 242

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was limited and restrained by Law and Rules of Right as is largely set down in the Mirrour p. 8. Es●ierent de eux un Roy a reigner sur eux governer le People d'Dieu a maintainer defendre les persons les biens en quiet per les Rules d'droit al comencement ilz fieront le Roy jurer que il mainteindroit la sanct foy Christian ove tout son poyar sa people guideroit per droit sans regard a ascun person serroit abbeissant a suffre droit come autres de son people And p. 9. in case the King did Wrong to any of his People that he might not be Judg and Party too Convient per droit que le Roy ust Compaignions pur Oyer Terminer aux Parliaments trestouts les breves plaints de torts de le Roy de la Roigne de lour Infans de eux especialment de que torts leu ne poit aver autrement Common droit And for this purpose as well as to make Laws for the good Government of the People it was ordained in King Alfred's time for a perpetual Usage that a Parliament should meet twice a Year at London and oftner if need were as you have it p. 10. And you have a great many particular Laws which were made in those Parliaments p. 15. Amongst other things it was ordained that all Plaintiffs should have Writs of Remedy in the King's Court Aussi bien sur le Roy ou sur la Roigne come sur autre del people d' chestun injury forsque en vengeances d' vie d' membre ou pleint tient lieu sans brief And in the last place to avoid prolixity this Book speaking of the Abusions of the Common Law that is Practices which are Frauds to the Law and repugnant to Right pag. 282. hath these Words La primier la soveraigne abusion est que le Roy est oustre la ley ou il duist ceste subject sicome est contenus in son serement 2 Abusion est que ou les Parlaments se duissent faire pur le salvation des Almes de Trespassors ceo a Londres deux foits per An la ne se font ils ore forsque rarement a la volunt le Roy pur aides cuilets de tresore c. Vide Abusion 153 p. 308. I hope this pure old French of which Chancellor Fortescue says the modern is but a Corruption will inform our Author what Power a Saxon King had and what Basileus Imperator Dominus signified I come now to the next Head to examine some Preambles of Statutes which he either quotes to no purpose or else mangles them in the same manner as Scripture was once quoted to our Saviour and for the self-same end namely to teach Men to tempt God and Danger at once His first Collection of Preambles pag. 212 213 consists of Declarations that the Crown and Realm of England is not in subjection to the Pope which make nothing at all to our Author's purpose but very much against it if he did not stifle them with Et caetera's and long Strokes for the Truth of which I refer the Reader to those Statutes and shall only set down 25 H. 8. cap. 21. for I am not at leisure either to transcribe the Statute-Book or to winnow all our Author's Chaffe He says pag. 212. The Parliament directing their Declaration to the King enacted and declared That this your Graces Realm recognizing no Superiour under God but only your Grace hath been and is free from Subjection c. Now the following Words are these To any Man's Laws but such as have been devised made and ordained within this Realm for the Wealth of the same or to such other as by Sufferance of your Grace and your Progenitors the People of this your Realm have taken at their free Liberty by their own Consent to be used amongst them and have bound themselves by long Use and Custom to the Observance of the same not as to the Observance of the Laws of any Foreign Prince Potentate or Prelate but as to the Custom and ancient Laws of this Realm originally establish'd as Laws of the same by the said Sufferance Consents and Custom and none otherwise It standeth therefore with natural Equity and good Reason that all and every such Laws Humane made within this Realm or induced into this Realm by the said Sufferance Consents and Custom your Royal Majesty and your Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons representing the whole State of your Realm in this your most High Court of Parliament have full Power and Authority not only to dispence but also to authorize some elect Person or Persons to dispence with those and all other Humane Laws of this your Realm and with every one of them as the quality of the Persons or Matter shall require and also the said Laws and every of them to abrogate adnull amplify or diminish Now our Author it is possible may find out of these Words an unalterable humane Law of Succession or that the King has the whole Legislative Power or that there are Imperial Laws ordained within this Realm which are not for the Wealth of the same but may destroy the Political Laws at every turn And so may any Body else make the same Discoveries who is resolved before-hand to do it His other Collection is p. 218 219. not one of which concerns the present Question no not that wherein he triumphs and slavishly braggs That the very Doctrine of the Bow-string is declared by Act of Parliament 'T were better the Doctrine of the Bowstring were about his Neck tho his Name were Legion I see that if the whole Nation were enslaved we have some of the Brood of Cham amongst us who would rejoice at it and make themselves as merry with it as Nero was at the Flames of Rome and would dance after his Harp. But such impotent Malice and poor-spirited Insolence is below an English-Man's Indignation and therefore I shall calmly desire our Author to look over again that Declaration 13 Car. 2. cap. 6. and to tell me in which Clause Word or Syllable of it he finds the Doctrine of the Bow-string declared For my part I have read it very often over and cannot see any more in it than this That it is unlawful for both or either of the Houses of Parliament to raise or levy any War offensive or defensive against the King which was always Treason for any Subjects to do But was ever a legal Defence against unauthorized illegal Violence of Subjects called by the Name of levying War against the King Shew me That in any authentick Book of Common-Law in any Statute or in any Resolution of all the Judges in England and I will be as passive as any Man. Before I go any further I must not forget a Passage which does more nearly concern me p. 221 222. wherein I am taxed
and Vagabond Landlopers he shall be represented by our Author as an Impostor himself However I regard it the less because I had not more diversion in reading heretofore the Tragi-Comedy of this Impostor than I have now in our Author's management of him To see Julian's Cousin Procopius standing by himself at the bottom of a Genealogy just like a Cipher without Father without Mother and without Descent where the Noble Algernon's Cousin might as well have stood if the Herald had so pleased But after all if this famous Procopius must needs be brought into Play he is clearly on my side For his setting up for Emperor under pretence of being of the Constantine Family is a strong Proof that the Empire was look'd upon as Hereditary as Perkin Warbeck's Imposture did suppose the Kingdom to be so here Neither lastly does the passing by of Varronianus the Infant-Son of Jovian signify any thing when Edgar Atheling was set aside thrice and several other Saxon Princes were put by for their Minority Whereas on the other hand Valentinian being made Emperor at four Years old is a greater Argument that the Empire was Hereditary than the setting aside Ten at that Age is to prove the contrary Secondly Jovian's quiet Behaviour is no proof that Valentinian as much a Confessor as he behaved himself quietly when he struck the Priest nor that all the other Christians behaved themselves quietly under Julian when they did not particularly the generous and zealous Caesareans as St. Gregory calls them who destroyed the Temple of Julian's great Goddess Fortune in his Reign and made her unfortunate in a fortunate Time. For which Julian was enraged at that whole City and gave his own Heathens there a severe Reprimand for not hazarding themselves to defend their Goddess but they durst not for the Christians in that City were too many for them Now on the other hand how if Jovian himself was as generous and as zealous a Christian as any of them For tho he had laid down his Commission and was cashiered for not sacrificing and obeying the Commandment of the wicked King yet Julian in his Expedition for Persia by Necessity of the approaching War had him amongst his Commanders as Socrates's Words are I have been often puzled to imagine what that Necessity should be and have sometimes been inclined to think that Julian stood in need of him for his Conduct to command some part of his Army who indeed for his Abilities was fittest to have commanded in chief But that cannot be for the great Jovian was but a Pike-man in that Expedition and was not entrusted with any Command so much as that of a Sergeant and was no more than a common Foot-Souldier when he was chosen Emperor And therefore Julian could not be without him nor leave him behind him upon some other account and whether that were lest in his absence he should go and live at Caesarea which was close by Nazianzum where old Gregory dwelt or upon what other account I desire to be informed by our Author Thirdly Jovian's being libelled and abused by none but the Heathens of Antioch for making a dishonourable Peace with the Persians which Reproach the Christians always wiped off from him and justly laid it upon Julian's Rashness or for his being a Christian which is undeniably true as Baronius has already proved it in Jovian's Life and as I could further prove if it were worth the while does by no means prove that the Christians of Antioch abused him as well as Julian and consequently would have abused any Body Whereas it is evident both from the Misopogon it self and from the express Testimony of Theodoret that the Instances of the Antiochian Christians Hatred to Julian did proceed purely from the height of their Christianity and their fervent Love to Christ It is too much in reason to tell Men a Story and to find them Ears too but I will do it for once as to this Story of Theodoret. The Words were these That the Antiochians who had received their Christianity from the greatest Pair of Apostles Peter and Paul and had a warm Affection for the Lord and Saviour of all did always abominate Julian who ought never to be remembred you have his own Word for it For for this reason he wrote a Book against them and called them the Beard-haters Now the same Men that derived their Christianity from the chiefest Apostles and had a great Love for our Saviour were the Men that could not endure Julian and against whom for that reason he writ his Misopogon So that according to Theodoret that Book was caused by their Hatred to Julian and their Hatred to Julian was caused by their Love to Christ and their Love to Christ proceeded from their pure and primitive Christianity And let our Author find any new ways of shuffling to call this Zeal Scurrility if he can And fourthly Jovian is so far from proving Julian's Army in Persia to be all Christians or almost all Christians as my divided Answerers say or Christians at all that it is demonstrable from his Election that they were Heathens for he therefore refused the Empire because they were Heathens He refused it at first when he was chosen by the Army in the absence of the Commanders and afterwards when the Commanders had agreed to the Army's Choice and had set him upon a high Stage and given him all the Titles of Majesty calling him Caesar and Augustus still he refused it not fearing the Princes nor Souldiers altering their Minds for the worse but told them plainly I cannot being a Christian as I am take the Government of such Men nor be the Emperor over Julian's Army which is principled in a wicked Religion for such Men being left destitute of God's Providence will become an easy Prey and Sport to our Enemies The Souldiers having heard these Words cried out with one Voice O King let not that Doubt trouble you neither do you decline the Government of us as a wicked Government for you shall reign over Christians and Men bred up in the true Religion For the elder amongst us were bred under Constantine and the rest under Constantius and the Reign of this Man who is now dead has been short and not sufficient to establish Heathenism in the Minds of those that have been seduced Now this is a Demonstration that Julian's Army were profest Heathens for it is Nonsence to say that Jovian who was so well acquainted with the Army and was all along with it in that Expedition did not know what Religion the Army profest Or I would fain know what Danger he was in for declaring against Heathenism in a Christian Army that Theodoret should say This brave Man using his accustomed Boldness 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is says our Author p. 105. confessing Christ boldly in the midst of his Enemies in apparent Danger of Torture or Death not fearing the Princes or Armies