the_o argument_n of_o sir_n richard_n hutton_n knight_n one_o of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o sir_n george_n croke_n knight_n one_o of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n together_o with_o the_o certificate_n of_o sir_n john_n denham_n knight_n one_o of_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n upon_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la bring_v by_o the_o king_n majesty_n in_o the_o court_n of_o exchequer_n against_o john_n hampden_n esquire_n as_o also_o the_o several_a vote_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o 〈◊〉_d parliament_n and_o the_o order_n of_o the_o lord_n for_o 〈◊〉_d vacate_v of_o the_o judgement_n give_v against_o the_o say_a 〈◊〉_d hampden_n and_o the_o vacate_n of_o the_o several_a roll_n in_o each_o several_a court_n wherein_o the_o judge_n extrajudicial_a opinion_n in_o the_o case_n make_v touch_v ship-money_n be_v enter_v london_n print_v by_o m._n flesher_n and_o r._n young_n the_o assign_v of_o i_o more_o esquire_n 1641._o the_o argument_n of_o mr._n justice_n hutton_n 1638._o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la bring_v by_o the_o king_n majesty_n in_o the_o exchequer_n against_o john_n hampden_n ss._n the_o case_n upon_o the_o plead_n appear_v to_o be_v this_o the_o king_n majesty_n by_o his_o writ_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n bear_v date_n the_o four_o day_n of_o august_n in_o the_o eleven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n of_o buck_n and_o to_o the_o bailiff_n and_o burgess_n of_o the_o borough_n and_o parish_n of_o buckingham_n and_o to_o the_o mayor_n of_o divers_a particular_a town_n in_o the_o say_a county_n of_o buckingham_n and_o to_o all_o honest_a man_n in_o the_o same_o and_o in_o all_o the_o town_n village_n and_o place_n in_o the_o say_a county_n send_v greeting_n recite_v that_o where_o he_o be_v give_v to_o understand_v that_o certain_a robber_n pirate_n and_o spoiler_n by_o sea_n as_o well_o enemy_n to_o the_o name_n of_o christian_n as_o mahometan_n and_o other_o be_v assemble_v together_o not_o only_o to_o take_v and_o spoil_v our_o ship_n and_o the_o good_n and_o merchandize_n but_o also_o the_o good_n and_o merchandize_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o our_o friend_n upon_o the_o sea_n and_o which_o have_v of_o old_a be_v use_v to_o be_v defend_v at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o to_o take_v and_o carry_v the_o man_n in_o those_o ship_n into_o most_o miserable_a captivity_n and_o there_o keep_v they_o and_o the_o king_n do_v see_v that_o they_o daily_o provide_v ship_n to_o vex_v our_o merchant_n and_o grieve_v our_o kingdom_n unless_o speedy_a remedy_n be_v provide_v therein_o and_o consider_v the_o peril_n which_o in_o these_o time_n of_o war_n be_v everywhere_o imminent_a the_o king_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o security_n of_o his_o subject_n the_o safe_a conduct_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o merchandize_n be_v willing_a by_o god_n assistance_n to_o provide_v the_o rather_o for_o that_o he_o and_o his_o progenitor_n king_n of_o england_n have_v be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o where_o this_o charge_n of_o public_a defence_n which_o concern_v all_o aught_o to_o be_v support_v by_o all_o as_o by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n it_o have_v be_v do_v therefore_o the_o king_n by_o his_o writ_n command_v that_o a_o ship_n of_o war_n of_o the_o burden_n of_o four_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o ton_n fit_v and_o furnish_v with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o war_n and_o one_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o man_n able_a and_o sufficient_a victual_v and_o this_o to_o be_v do_v before_o the_o first_o of_o march_n and_o then_o at_o that_o time_n to_o come_v so_o prepare_v furnish_v and_o victual_v for_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o six_o week_n then_o next_o follow_v and_o with_o wage_n for_o so_o many_o man_n of_o war_n for_o that_o time_n to_o portchmouth_n into_o the_o company_n of_o such_o other_o ship_n of_o our_o subject_n and_o our_o own_o as_o shall_v be_v there_o under_o the_o government_n of_o such_o a_o man_n to_o who_o before_o that_o day_n we_o shall_v commit_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o to_o go_v from_o thence_o with_o the_o king_n ship_n and_o the_o ship_n of_o other_o our_o faithful_a subject_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o repulse_v and_o overcome_n of_o any_o whosoever_o which_o shall_v molest_v and_o hinder_v the_o come_n in_o or_o go_v out_o of_o our_o merchant_n or_o other_o upon_o the_o sea_n a_o power_n be_v give_v by_o the_o writ_n to_o the_o sheriff_n and_o to_o the_o mayor_n and_o any_o two_o of_o they_o for_o corporate_a town_n whereof_o the_o sheriff_n to_o be_v one_o to_o assess_v what_o sum_n the_o mayor_n and_o corporation_n shall_v pay_v towards_o this_o charge_n if_o they_o do_v not_o then_o to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o sheriff_n alone_o a_o general_a power_n to_o the_o sheriff_n to_o assess_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o all_o other_o town_n village_n hamlet_n and_o place_n and_o the_o tertenant_n other_o than_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v a_o part_n of_o the_o say_a ship_n or_o shall_v serve_v in_o the_o say_a ship_n to_o contribute_v towards_o the_o necessary_a expense_n for_o the_o provision_n of_o the_o premise_n upon_o every_o man_n according_a to_o his_o estate_n and_o faculty_n and_o such_o portion_n so_o to_o be_v assess_v upon_o they_o to_o levy_v by_o distress_n or_o other_o due_a mean_n a_o power_n to_o name_n collector_n and_o a_o power_n to_o commit_v to_o prison_n all_o such_o as_o the_o sheriff_n shall_v find_v rebellious_a or_o contradict_v the_o premise_n there_o to_o remain_v until_o the_o king_n majesty_n shall_v think_v fit_a to_o give_v order_n for_o their_o enlargement_n and_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o writ_n sir_n peter_n temple_n than_o sheriff_n of_o the_o say_a county_n do_v assess_v upon_o the_o defendant_n twenty_o shilling_n towards_o this_o charge_n which_o be_v after_o allow_v by_o the_o succeed_a sheriff_n sir_n henry_n proby_n and_o the_o defendant_n be_v require_v to_o pay_v it_o but_o refuse_v and_o then_o by_o a_o certiorare_fw-la out_o of_o the_o chancery_n car._n direct_v to_o those_o sheriff_n which_o have_v be_v sheriff_n betwixt_o the_o four_o day_n of_o august_n in_o the_o eleven_o year_n and_o the_o first_o of_o march_n then_o follow_v to_o certify_v what_o sum_n of_o money_n have_v be_v assess_v upon_o the_o defendant_n for_o contribution_n they_o certify_v the_o say_a sum_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n then_o by_o writ_n of_o mittimus_fw-la regis_fw-la out_o of_o the_o chancery_n bear_v date_n the_o five_o day_n of_o may_n in_o the_o thirteen_o year_n of_o the_o king_n majesty_n reign_n the_o writ_n of_o 4._o augusti_fw-la anno_fw-la undecimo_fw-la car._n and_o the_o schedule_n return_v into_o the_o chancery_n whereby_o the_o defendant_n be_v so_o assess_v be_v send_v into_o the_o exchequer_n to_o proceed_v against_o the_o defendant_n for_o the_o levy_n of_o the_o sum_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n which_o he_o have_v not_o pay_v and_o proceed_v there_o to_o do_v that_o which_o of_o right_n and_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n aught_o to_o be_v do_v for_o the_o levy_v thereof_o in_o this_o writ_n of_o mittimus_fw-la it_o be_v contain_v that_o the_o writ_n bear_v date_n the_o four_o of_o august_n anno_fw-la 11._o car._n be_v grant_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o safeguard_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o security_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o for_o that_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v in_o danger_n but_o these_o cause_n be_v not_o express_v in_o the_o writ_n but_o other_o particular_a cause_n and_o upon_o the_o tenor_n of_o these_o writ_n depend_v in_o the_o chancery_n thus_o send_v into_o the_o exchequer_n this_o writ_n of_o scire_fw-la fac_fw-la fac_fw-la be_v award_v bear_v date_n the_o twenty_o day_n of_o may_n in_o the_o thirteen_o year_n of_o the_o king_n majesty_n reign_n against_o the_o say_a john_n hampden_n to_o show_v what_o he_o have_v to_o say_v for_o himself_o why_o the_o say_a sum_n so_o assess_v upon_o he_o and_o not_o pay_v ought_v not_o by_o he_o to_o be_v satisfy_v and_o to_o do_v further_o what_o that_o court_n shall_v think_v fit_a to_o order_v to_o which_o write_v the_o defendant_n appear_v in_o trinity_n term_n and_o pray_v the_o sight_n of_o the_o writ_n of_o the_o four_o of_o august_n and_o the_o certiorare_fw-la and_o the_o mittimus_fw-la and_o they_o be_v all_o enter_v in_fw-la haec_fw-la verba_fw-la whereupon_o the_o defendant_n do_v demur_v general_o and_o master_n attorney_n general_a join_v in_o demurrer_n and_o the_o record_n be_v read_v there_o and_o open_v the_o court_n do_v adjourn_v it_o into_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n before_o any_o argument_n there_o at_o the_o bar_n the_o sole_a question_n be_v whether_o this_o scire_fw-la fac_fw-la do_v lie_n
allegation_n much_o trouble_v i_o when_o i_o hear_v those_o record_n cite_v and_o so_o learned_o and_o earnest_o press_v by_o master_n solicitor_n and_o after_o by_o master_n attorney_n to_o be_v so_o clear_a that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v gainsay_v but_o that_o they_o prove_v a_o clear_a prerogative_n or_o at_o least_o a_o royal_a power_n that_o the_o king_n may_v do_v so_o especial_o when_o my_o brother_n weston_n and_o my_o brother_n berkley_n who_o have_v see_v the_o record_n press_v they_o and_o rely_v upon_o they_o for_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o judgement_n i_o say_v i_o be_v much_o doubtful_a thereupon_o until_o i_o have_v peruse_v all_o those_o record_n send_v i_o by_o the_o king_n council_n and_o satisfy_v my_o judgement_n therein_o but_o now_o i_o answer_v that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o precedent_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o show_v to_o i_o to_o prove_v this_o writ_n to_o be_v usual_a yet_o it_o be_v not_o material_a for_o now_o we_o be_v not_o to_o argue_v what_o have_v be_v do_v de_fw-la facto_fw-la for_o many_o thing_n have_v be_v do_v which_o be_v never_o allow_v but_o our_o question_n be_v what_o have_v be_v do_v and_o may_v be_v do_v de_fw-la jure_fw-la and_o then_o as_o it_o be_v say_v in_o cok._n lib._n 4._o fol._n 33._o in_o mitten_n case_n judicand_v judicand_v est_fw-fr legibus_fw-la non_fw-la exemplis_fw-la and_o lib._n 11._o fol._n 75._o in_o magdalen_n college_n case_n it_o be_v say_v multitudo_fw-la errantium_fw-la non_fw-la parit_fw-la errori_fw-la patrocinium_fw-la and_o lib._n 4._o fol._n 94._o in_o slade_n case_n multitude_n of_o precedent_n unless_o they_o be_v confirm_v by_o judicial_a proceed_n in_o court_n of_o record_n be_v not_o to_o be_v regard_v and_o none_o of_o these_o be_v ever_o confirm_v by_o judicial_a record_n but_o complain_v of_o but_o to_o give_v a_o more_o clear_a answer_n unto_o they_o i_o say_v that_o in_o my_o opinion_n upon_o view_n and_o serious_a read_n of_o all_o the_o record_n that_o have_v be_v send_v i_o on_o the_o king_n part_n for_o i_o have_v read_v they_o all_o over_o verbatim_o and_o i_o presume_v they_o send_v all_o that_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v material_a and_o i_o have_v take_v note_n of_o every_o one_o of_o they_o and_o diligent_o consider_v of_o they_o i_o conceive_v there_o be_v not_o any_o precedent_n or_o record_n of_o any_o writ_n which_o maintain_v this_o case_n for_o there_o be_v not_o any_o precedent_n or_o record_n of_o any_o such_o writ_n send_v to_o any_o sheriff_n of_o any_o inland_a county_n or_o maritine_n county_n to_o command_v the_o make_n of_o ship_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o county_n but_o this_o be_v the_o first_o precedent_n that_o ever_o be_v since_o the_o conquest_n that_o be_v produce_v in_o this_o kind_n but_o it_o be_v true_a that_o before_o 25._o ed._n 1._o there_o have_v be_v some_o writ_n to_o maritine_n town_n and_o port_n and_o other_o town_n as_o london_n etc._n etc._n where_o they_o have_v have_v ship_n and_o mariner_n to_o provide_v and_o prepare_v ship_n and_o to_o send_v they_o to_o place_n where_o the_o king_n please_v to_o appoint_v upon_o any_o just_a cause_n of_o fear_n of_o any_o danger_n for_o defence_n and_o great_a reason_n that_o they_o have_v ship_n and_o master_n of_o ship_n and_o mariner_n shall_v be_v at_o the_o king_n command_v to_o bring_v all_o or_o as_o many_o as_o he_o please_v for_o defence_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o kingdom_n be_v those_o that_o have_v the_o most_o benefit_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o likely_a to_o have_v the_o loss_n if_o the_o sea_n and_o coast_n be_v not_o due_o guard_v and_o those_o be_v most_o common_o appoint_v to_o be_v at_o the_o king_n charge_n but_o sometime_o upon_o some_o necessity_n they_o be_v appoint_v to_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o town_n and_o part_n adjoin_v which_o i_o think_v be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o complaint_n in_o parliament_n in_o 25._o e._n 1._o and_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n for_o stay_v that_o course_n for_o there_o be_v no_o record_n afterwards_o of_o any_o such_o writ_n in_o king_n edw._n 1._o his_o time_n after_o that_o statute_n to_o maritine_n town_n to_o prepare_v or_o send_v ship_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o town_n and_o none_o after_o until_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o and_o then_o the_o war_n be_v between_o he_o and_o the_o french_a king_n in_o anise_n 10_o 11_o 12_o 13._o of_o edw._n 3._o be_v the_o most_o writ_n award_v to_o the_o maritine_n town_n to_o send_v ship_n at_o their_o charge_n sufficient_o furnish_v and_o those_o i_o think_v be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o make_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 14._o edw._n 3._o cap._n 1._o and_o after_o that_o statute_n no_o such_o writ_n nor_o any_o commission_n for_o that_o purpose_n be_v award_v to_o make_v any_o ship_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o maritine_n town_n until_o 1._o ric._n 2._o m._n 18._o when_o writ_n be_v award_v to_o many_o maritine_n town_n and_o inland_a town_n for_o the_o make_n of_o ship_n which_o record_n be_v much_o press_v by_o mr._n attorney_n and_o afterwards_o by_o my_o brother_n weston_n and_o my_o brother_n berkley_n to_o prove_v that_o this_o course_n be_v and_o may_v be_v practise_v after_o the_o stat_fw-la of_o 14._o ed._n 3._o for_o send_v forth_o such_o writ_n and_o allow_v but_o that_o record_n be_v full_o satisfy_v for_o it_o be_v ground_v upon_o a_o ordinance_n in_o parliament_n in_o 1._o ric._n 2._o m._n 52._o that_o all_o ancient_a city_n burroughes_n and_o town_n that_o will_v have_v their_o liberty_n confirm_v shall_v have_v they_o confirm_v without_o any_o charge_n of_o fine_a save_v only_o to_o make_v a_o ship_n of_o war_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n so_o this_o be_v not_o compulsory_a to_o any_o but_o voluntary_a to_o those_o that_o will_v have_v their_o liberty_n confirm_v and_o afterwards_o in_o 1._o h._n 4._o commission_n be_v award_v for_o the_o make_n of_o such_o vessel_n for_o war_n but_o those_o issue_v forth_o without_o any_o ordinance_n in_o parliament_n be_v complain_v of_o in_o parliament_n 2._o h._n 4._o m._n 22._o as_o to_o be_v against_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a as_o appear_v by_o the_o statute_n before_o recite_v and_o the_o commission_n express_o repeal_v and_o since_o that_o time_n of_o 2._o henr._n 4._o no_o such_o writ_n issue_v forth_o in_o any_o age_n to_o any_o maritine_n town_n to_o cause_v ship_n or_o prepare_v ship_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n for_o the_o king_n service_n until_o these_o late_a writ_n and_o now_o i_o shall_v take_v a_o short_a view_n of_o all_o the_o record_n that_o have_v be_v cite_v and_o send_v unto_o i_o and_o leave_v they_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o my_o lord_n and_o other_o if_o any_o of_o they_o prove_v these_o writ_n to_o be_v usual_a and_o legal_a the_o record_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n three_o of_o these_o be_v to_o arrest_v and_o make_v stay_n of_o all_o ship_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n 7._o but_o to_o be_v ready_a for_o the_o king_n service_n and_o the_o other_o be_v to_o bring_v ship_n of_o particular_a town_n to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o thames_n for_o the_o king_n service_n a_o commission_n to_o guard_v the_o sea_n to_o john_n de_fw-fr martial_n 4._o and_o to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n and_o all_o other_o to_o attend_v his_o command_n writ_n to_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o cinque ports_o 6._o and_o divers_a other_o town_n to_o have_v their_o ship_n ready_a for_o the_o king_n service_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o 14._o a_o writ_n to_o the_o bailiff_n of_o portsmouth_n to_o prepare_v one_o galley_n 5._o a_o commission_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rochester_n and_o other_o and_o to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o kent_n to_o cause_v all_o man_n at_o arm_n in_o that_o county_n to_o be_v swear_v and_o to_o assess_v they_o what_o arm_n they_o shall_v find_v 4._o a_o writ_n to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o norfolk_n command_v he_o to_o cause_v they_o which_o be_v appoint_v to_o attend_v at_o the_o sea_n coast_n in_o that_o county_n and_o have_v serve_v forty_o day_n intend_v to_o depart_v that_o they_o shall_v stay_v eight_o day_n long_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o danger_n and_o long_o if_o need_v require_v the_o like_a be_v send_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o suff._n and_o essex_n 2._o a_o writ_n to_o the_o maior_fw-la of_o bedford_n command_v he_o to_o provide_v for_o the_o expense_n of_o they_o that_o be_v send_v from_o thence_o for_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o sea_n yet_o it_o be_v but_o for_o eight_o day_n more_o after_o the_o date_n of_o the_o writ_n 3._o a_o writ_n to_o the_o man_n of_o essex_n
or_o not_o and_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o it_o do_v not_o lie_v but_o that_o judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v for_o the_o defendant_n both_o for_o the_o matter_n and_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o proceed_n and_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o whatsoever_o i_o shall_v say_v may_v the_o better_o be_v understand_v i_o will_v observe_v this_o order_n in_o my_o argument_n first_o i_o will_v prove_v by_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o some_o authority_n in_o book_n and_o by_o some_o reason_n that_o the_o king_n majesty_n can_v at_o this_o day_n impose_v any_o such_o charge_n in_o general_a upon_o all_o his_o subject_n as_o this_o be_v without_o their_o consent_n in_o parliament_n second_o i_o will_v give_v answer_n to_o such_o objection_n as_o have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n counsel_n and_o by_o some_o of_o my_o brother_n against_o these_o statute_n and_o to_o such_o case_n as_o they_o have_v apply_v to_o prove_v the_o contrary_a three_o i_o will_v answer_v 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that_o the_o law_n of_o your_o realm_n wherein_o you_o shall_v succeed_v be_v such_o for_o it_o shall_v exhibit_v to_o you_o and_o your_o people_n no_o small_a security_n and_o comfort_n 84._o and_o the_o same_o author_n fo._n 84._o cap._n 36._o say_v thus_o that_o the_o king_n by_o his_o officer_n though_o the_o owner_n will_v say_v nay_o may_v take_v necessary_n for_o his_o house_n at_o a_o reasonable_a price_n to_o be_v assess_v by_o the_o constable_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v bind_v by_o the_o law_n to_o pay_v therefore_o either_o present_o or_o at_o a_o day_n to_o be_v limit_v by_o the_o high_a officer_n of_o the_o house_n for_o by_o the_o law_n he_o may_v take_v away_o none_o of_o his_o subject_n good_n without_o due_a satisfaction_n for_o the_o same_o neither_o do_v the_o king_n there_o either_o by_o himself_o or_o his_o servant_n and_o officer_n levy_v upon_o his_o subject_n tallage_n subsidy_n or_o any_o other_o burden_n or_o alter_v their_o law_n or_o make_v new_a law_n 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scotland_n france_n and_o gascoy_n and_o elsewhere_o during_o the_o say_a war_n this_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o the_o king_n bounty_n and_o grace_n and_o be_v to_o continue_v no_o long_o and_o to_o say_v that_o because_o it_o be_v not_o particular_o mention_v among_o other_o in_o the_o petition_n of_o right_a therefore_o it_o shall_v be_v of_o no_o force_n do_v not_o stand_v with_o any_o reason_n to_o impeach_v the_o statute_n nor_o many_o other_o that_o be_v not_o there_o enumerate_v the_o last_o and_o great_a objection_n that_o have_v be_v make_v 4._o first_o by_o my_o brother_n crawley_n and_o after_o by_o other_o and_o insist_v upon_o by_o my_o brother_n jones_n be_v that_o this_o be_v a_o prerogative_n or_o power_n royal_a so_o incident_a to_o the_o king_n majesty_n that_o it_o can_v be_v take_v away_o by_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o as_o it_o be_v say_v it_o be_v proprium_fw-la quarto_fw-la modo_fw-la and_o in_o proof_n thereof_o it_o be_v affirm_v that_o when_o there_o 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and_o in_o the_o same_o book_n fo._n 322._o the_o king_n majesty_n may_v by_o prerogative_n have_v take_v wood_n in_o any_o man_n wood_n for_o the_o repair_n of_o his_o castle_n but_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 21._o he_o be_v exclude_v of_o that_o the_o word_n be_v neither_o we_o nor_o our_o bailiff_n nor_o any_o other_o for_o we_o shall_v take_v wood_n of_o any_o other_o man_n to_o repair_v our_o castle_n nor_o to_o do_v any_o other_o thing_n with_o they_o but_o by_o good_a will_n of_o he_o who_o wood_n it_o be_v and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o edw._n 3._o cap._n 1._o 7.8_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o from_o thenceforth_o neither_o he_o nor_o any_o of_o his_o heir_n shall_v
have_v be_v show_v and_o insist_v upon_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v make_v such_o imposition_n even_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o ship_n and_o herein_o first_o they_o have_v insist_v upon_o a_o tribute_n precedent_n or_o imposition_n call_v danegelt_n which_o be_v begin_v in_o etheldred_n time_n which_o as_o it_o be_v say_v be_v double_a ad_fw-la placandos_fw-la danos_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la coercendum_fw-la danos_fw-la which_o be_v very_o grievous_a and_o of_o long_a continuance_n for_o as_o it_o be_v say_v by_o my_o brother_n croke_n it_o be_v first_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a then_o increase_v to_o sixteen_o thousand_o then_o to_o twenty_o four_o thousand_o then_o to_o thirty_o six_o thousand_o yearly_a and_o from_o twelve_o penny_n for_o every_o hide_n of_o land_n to_o twelve_o shilling_n for_o every_o hide_n of_o land_n this_o tribute_n continue_v after_o the_o dane_n for_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o norman_n it_o become_v to_o be_v call_v 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they_o may_v be_v forget_v and_o that_o he_o be_v urge_v to_o it_o by_o necessity_n and_o not_o for_o any_o ill_a end_n of_o his_o own_o as_o appear_v upon_o the_o read_n thereof_o in_o court_n 1._o and_o last_o there_o be_v many_o effectual_a precedent_n show_v that_o for_o imbarge_v of_o ship_n and_o for_o build_v of_o galley_n at_o bristol_n special_o set_v down_o in_o number_n and_o the_o content_a and_o so_o in_o divers_a port_n town_n and_o they_o be_v enjoin_v in_fw-la fide_fw-la quanobis_fw-la tenemini_fw-la et_fw-la sicut_fw-la honorem_fw-la nostram_fw-la diligitis_fw-la and_o exhereditationem_fw-la nostram_fw-la vitare_fw-la and_o sicut_fw-la nos_fw-la ipsos_fw-la indempnos_fw-la seruare_fw-la volueritis_fw-la herein_o be_v a_o strong_a command_n and_o as_o great_a necessity_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n in_o these_o commission_n viz._n et_fw-la vestrum_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la illud_fw-la posueritis_fw-la cum_fw-la illud_fw-la sciverimus_fw-la in_fw-la exitibus_fw-la balivat_fw-la balivat_fw-la allocari_fw-la faciemus_fw-la and_o in_o 2._o hen._n 4._o parliament_n recite_v that_o 22._o where_o divers_a commission_n be_v make_v to_o divers_a city_n borough_n and_o town_n to_o command_v the_o make_n of_o certain_a barge_n and_o billingers_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o parliament_n and_o in_o another_o manner_n than_o have_v be_v do_v before_o the_o commons_o do_v pray_v the_o king_n that_o the_o say_a commission_n may_v be_v repeal_v and_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v of_o no_o force_n or_o effect_n and_o the_o king_n answer_v that_o the_o say_a commission_n shall_v be_v repeal_v for_o ever_o but_o for_o the_o great_a necessity_n of_o such_o vessel_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o case_n that_o the_o war_n do_v come_v the_o king_n will_v commune_v of_o this_o matter_n with_o the_o lord_n and_o after_o he_o will_v show_v it_o to_o the_o commons_n to_o have_v their_o consent_n and_o so_o i_o leave_v those_o precedent_n 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particular_a time_n and_o for_o such_o wage_n as_o be_v comprise_v therein_o and_o the_o precedent_n of_o modern_a time_n have_v be_v this_o way_n all_o for_o wage_n this_o be_v prove_v by_o a_o indenture_n make_v in_o the_o fifteen_o year_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o and_o sr._n william_n pirton_n knight_n recite_v that_o the_o king_n have_v dispose_v of_o a_o army_n of_o four_o thousand_o man_n for_o the_o narrow_a sea_n and_o the_o keep_n of_o they_o and_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v constant_o four_o hundred_o sixty_o man_n under_o he_o for_o four_o month_n the_o king_n majesty_n be_v to_o find_v the_o ship_n furnish_v with_o gun_n powder_n artillery_n and_o victual_v and_o that_o the_o say_a william_n pirton_n shall_v take_v wage_n for_o every_o of_o his_o company_n viz._n two_o shilling_n a_o week_n and_o the_o time_n appoint_v for_o the_o payment_n thereof_o and_o the_o eight_o and_o twenty_o of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o it_o appear_v by_o a_o letter_n under_o the_o privy_a 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thousand_o pound_n for_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n and_o so_o a_o proportion_n of_o money_n for_o every_o county_n for_o that_o purpose_n the_o consequence_n thereof_o may_v be_v this_o that_o this_o levy_n which_o have_v obtain_v the_o name_n of_o ship-money_n and_o wherein_o no_o endeavour_n have_v ever_o be_v make_v for_o prepare_v any_o such_o ship_n or_o furniture_n or_o man_n as_o the_o writ_n in_o itself_o purport_v be_v not_o pursue_v or_o warrant_v by_o this_o general_a levy_n of_o ship_n money_n for_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n id_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la fieri_fw-la potest_fw-la directe_fw-la ex_fw-la obliquo_fw-la fieri_fw-la non_fw-la debet_fw-la i_o confess_v that_o divers_a of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v upon_o some_o pretend_a occasion_n take_v upon_o they_o by_o persuasion_n of_o some_o great_a man_n in_o their_o time_n and_o assume_v a_o royal_a and_o monarchical_a power_n to_o levy_v money_n by_o commission_n and_o have_v extend_v that_o power_n very_o far_o whereof_o you_o may_v read_v that_o in_o the_o seventeen_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o 1525._o cardinal_n woolsie_n be_v charge_v to_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o direct_v commission_n into_o all_o country_n for_o the_o levy_n of_o the_o six_o part_n of_o all_o man_n good_n and_o the_o six_o part_n of_o their_o plate_n for_o that_o the_o king_n be_v then_o determine_v to_o make_v war_n with_o france_n and_o to_o pass_v the_o sea_n himself_o this_o be_v attempt_v by_o enforce_v some_o and_o send_v other_o to_o prison_n it_o grow_v to_o be_v so_o general_o mislike_v that_o the_o people_n rise_v up_o in_o divers_a country_n and_o they_o the_o king_n disclaim_v that_o it_o be_v do_v without_o his_o privity_n the_o cardinal_n charge_v it_o to_o be_v do_v first_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o counsel_n which_o they_o deny_v then_o he_o charge_v the_o judge_n to_o be_v consent_v which_o be_v untrue_a the_o cardinal_n take_v it_o to_o himself_o and_o all_o the_o 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be_v attempt_v by_o so_o gracious_a a_o queen_n and_o to_o speak_v nothing_o of_o the_o commission_n date_v the_o thirteen_o day_n of_o october_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o our_o gracious_a sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n majesty_n for_o the_o loan_n and_o levy_v of_o the_o five_o subsidy_n which_o be_v effect_v and_o acknowledge_v after_o not_o to_o be_v warrant_v by_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n this_o point_n be_v apparent_a that_o in_o time_n of_o necessity_n these_o legal_a or_o monarchical_a power_n have_v be_v assume_v in_o the_o time_n of_o other_o king_n and_o hereupon_o i_o conclude_v these_o point_n that_o the_o statute_n have_v take_v away_o this_o power_n of_o charge_v the_o subject_n of_o this_o realm_n with_o any_o general_a and_o public_a charge_n aid_n or_o tallage_n or_o burden_n for_o any_o business_n but_o only_o by_o their_o consent_n in_o parliament_n and_o no_o usage_n precedent_n or_o custom_n if_o any_o such_o have_v be_v can_v by_o law_n take_v away_o the_o force_n of_o these_o act_n of_o parliament_n so_o long_o as_o they_o stand_v in_o force_n and_o i_o do_v absolute_o believe_v that_o if_o the_o king_n majesty_n have_v not_o be_v persuade_v by_o some_o opinion_n that_o this_o course_n be_v warrant_v by_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n that_o he_o will_v not_o have_v attempt_v the_o same_o now_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o five_o part_n part_n that_o the_o matter_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o writ_n of_o 4._o augusti_fw-la anno_fw-la 11._o car._n do_v not_o contain_v sufficient_a matter_n to_o warrant_v this_o levy_n first_o the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v not_o any_o affirmance_n direct_o of_o any_o danger_n for_o they_o be_v but_o quia_fw-la datum_fw-la est_fw-la nobis_fw-la intelligi_fw-la this_o be_v but_o of_o information_n and_o not_o ex_fw-la certa_fw-la scientia_fw-la which_o be_v of_o more_o force_n the_o other_o word_n be_v but_o of_o information_n or_o suggestion_n then_o for_o the_o matter_n it_o contain_v only_o these_o point_n that_o there_o be_v many_o pirate_n and_o sea-robber_n congregat_v upon_o the_o sea_n to_o take_v away_o some_o of_o our_o subject_n into_o miserable_a captivity_n and_o to_o hinder_v our_o merchant_n to_o bring_v in_o their_o merchandize_n and_o good_n and_o the_o good_n and_o merchandize_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o our_o friend_n come_v and_o traffic_v hither_o and_o spoil_v of_o our_o merchant_n and_o for_o that_o the_o sea_n have_v be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v defend_v by_o gentem_fw-la anglicanam_fw-la and_o they_o inttend_v to_o trouble_v the_o kingdom_n and_o we_o consider_v the_o danger_n everywhere_o now_o imminent_a and_o desire_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o safeguard_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o security_n of_o our_o subject_n the_o safe_a conduct_n of_o the_o ship_n
of_o our_o merchant_n and_o of_o their_o merchandize_n to_o come_v into_o our_o realm_n and_o to_o go_v forth_o of_o the_o realm_n and_o willing_a to_o provide_v for_o their_o aid_n do_v therefore_o direct_v this_o writ_n here_o be_v no_o matter_n of_o any_o public_a danger_n to_o all_o the_o subject_n no_o intend_a come_v upon_o the_o land_n but_o to_o rob_v and_o spoil_v as_o pirate_n by_o sea_n and_o conspirator_n to_o molest_v merchant_n to_o hinder_v traffic_n to_o take_v some_o prisoner_n as_o have_v be_v do_v heretofore_o sometime_o by_o the_o dunkirk_n and_o many_o time_n by_o the_o pirate_n to_o algiers_n all_o this_o be_v but_o such_o a_o defence_n as_o do_v require_v but_o the_o ordinary_a defence_n to_o the_o which_o the_o king_n majesty_n be_v sole_o bind_v for_o to_o see_v perform_v for_o the_o ordinary_a benefit_n that_o he_o have_v of_o custom_n and_o subsidy_n of_o wine_n and_o other_o profit_n beside_o the_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n and_o the_o ship_n which_o be_v provide_v by_o the_o cinque ports_o for_o which_o they_o have_v many_o privilege_n this_o matter_n contain_v in_o the_o writ_n by_o all_o the_o particular_n do_v not_o comprise_v any_o general_a assault_n or_o attempt_v to_o be_v make_v for_o take_v any_o town_n as_o have_v be_v beforetime_o another_o reason_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o writ_n do_v not_o contain_v sufficient_a matter_n to_o induce_v a_o general_a charge_n be_v to_o be_v collect_v that_o this_o be_v perceive_v it_o be_v contain_v more_o ample_o and_o labour_v to_o be_v aid_v and_o supply_v by_o the_o word_n put_v into_o the_o mittimus_fw-la which_o be_v of_o more_o efficacy_n for_o therein_o be_v contain_v which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o writ_n of_o 4._o augusti_fw-la quod_fw-la pro_fw-la defension_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o tuitione_fw-la maris_fw-la and_o for_o that_o salus_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la angliae_fw-la et_fw-la populi_fw-la nostri_fw-la periclitabatur_fw-la and_o the_o recital_n of_o datum_fw-la est_fw-la nobis_fw-la intelligi_fw-la be_v omit_v but_o hereby_o affirm_v positive_o and_o where_o my_o brother_n berkley_n insist_v that_o the_o matter_n contain_v in_o the_o mittimus_fw-la be_v sufficient_a to_o supply_v the_o writ_n of_o 4._o augusti_fw-la if_o it_o be_v not_o so_o full_o express_v as_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v thereunto_o i_o make_v this_o answer_n quod_fw-la in_fw-la initio_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la tractatu_fw-la temporis_fw-la non_fw-la convalescet_fw-la beside_o the_o date_n of_o the_o writ_n of_o mittimus_fw-la be_v the_o five_o of_o may_n anno_fw-la 13._o car._n regis_fw-la which_o be_v almost_o two_o year_n after_o the_o writ_n of_o 4._o augusti_n do_v issue_n and_o this_o be_v a_o very_a late_a supply_n and_o therefore_o that_o case_n be_v vouch_v by_o my_o brother_n berkley_n which_o be_v dowmans_n case_n an._n 25._o and_o 26._o eliz._n and_o report_v by_o my_o lord_n cook_n in_o his_o nine_o book_n case_n wherein_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o when_o a_o fine_a or_o recovery_n be_v suffer_v and_o no_o use_v declare_v that_o a_o indenture_n subsequent_a declare_v that_o the_o fine_a or_o recovery_n be_v to_o such_o use_n shall_v be_v sufficient_a in_o law_n to_o lead_v to_o the_o use_n of_o those_o proceed_v assurance_n which_o i_o agree_v to_o be_v good_a law_n but_o that_o do_v not_o resemble_v this_o case_n for_o this_o must_v be_v good_a in_o the_o foundation_n or_o no_o subsequent_a declaration_n can_v make_v that_o good_a which_o at_o the_o first_o be_v not_o and_o that_o i_o prove_v by_o two_o case_n direct_o adjudge_v the_o first_o be_v vernon_n case_n anno_fw-la 14._o eliz._n adjudge_v case_n and_o report_v by_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o his_o four_o book_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o joyntureâ—_n a_o man_n intend_v to_o make_v a_o jointure_n to_o his_o wife_n to_o bar_v she_o of_o her_o dower_n make_v a_o feoffment_n of_o his_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o for_o his_o life_n and_o then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o a_o friend_n for_o his_o life_n and_o then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o wife_n for_o a_o jointure_n although_o by_o success_n of_o time_n it_o happen_v that_o the_o friend_n die_v in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o feoffor_n and_o so_o the_o wife_n estate_n become_v immediate_a to_o begin_v upon_o her_o husband_n death_n and_o may_v have_v be_v a_o good_a jointure_n if_o it_o have_v be_v so_o make_v at_o the_o first_o yet_o this_o case_n be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v no_o jointure_n for_o it_o be_v not_o good_a in_o the_o foundation_n and_o that_o which_o be_v defective_a in_o the_o original_a be_v noâ—_z good_a by_o any_o accident_n subsequent_a and_o in_o the_o lord_n chenye_v case_n report_v by_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o his_o five_o book_n case_n fo._n 62._o in_o the_o four_o and_o thirty_o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n it_o be_v resolve_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o will_n that_o the_o estate_n contain_v in_o a_o will_n in_o writing_n which_o be_v the_o foundation_n and_o ground_n must_v be_v such_o as_o be_v express_v in_o the_o write_a original_a will_n and_o that_o no_o averment_n or_o subsequent_a proof_n of_o intention_n or_o explanation_n can_v add_v or_o supply_v any_o thing_n to_o that_o original_a and_o as_o in_o these_o case_n the_o original_a foundation_n can_v be_v supply_v by_o subsequent_a addition_n so_o the_o writ_n of_o 4._o augusti_fw-la be_v the_o original_a can_v be_v supply_v by_o subsequent_a explanation_n 2._o another_o exception_n be_v that_o by_o the_o writ_n all_o the_o king_n majesty_n subject_n be_v to_o be_v rate_v and_o tax_v to_o contribution_n other_o than_o such_o as_o have_v part_n in_o the_o ship_n or_o else_o do_v serve_v therein_o eliz._n and_o hereby_o the_o sheriff_n of_o every_o county_n must_v either_o not_o be_v tax_v or_o not_o contribute_v for_o it_o be_v inconvenient_a nor_o can_v be_v do_v that_o every_o sheriff_n shall_v tax_v himself_o next_o for_o the_o writ_n of_o certiorare_fw-la that_o be_v very_o unusual_a to_o be_v direct_v to_o two_o several_a sheriff_n be_v then_o no_o sheriff_n to_o certify_v what_o taxation_n they_o have_v make_v upon_o that_o writ_n they_o be_v then_o no_o officer_n but_o it_o shall_v either_o have_v come_v by_o inquisition_n or_o by_o the_o return_n of_o the_o then_o present_a sheriff_n to_o have_v certify_v what_o his_o predecessor_n have_v do_v in_o their_o time_n and_o not_o this_o way_n which_o be_v never_o before_o hear_v of_o and_o then_o touch_v the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la itself_o fac_fw-la i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o it_o do_v not_o lie_v for_o many_o cause_n first_o 1._o the_o sum_n so_o assess_v do_v not_o appertain_v to_o the_o king_n and_o for_o the_o king_n majesty_n to_o have_v a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la for_o to_o enforce_v he_o to_o do_v or_o pay_v that_o which_o belong_v to_o another_o be_v not_o usual_a second_o 2._o it_o be_v not_o show_v that_o any_o ship_n or_o provision_n of_o man_n or_o munition_n be_v prepare_v or_o provide_v which_o be_v a_o contempt_n in_o the_o sheriff_n three_o 3._o the_o direction_n by_o the_o writ_n be_v to_o distrain_v or_o to_o commit_v to_o prison_n such_o as_o shall_v refuse_v and_o no_o other_o course_n appoint_v by_o the_o say_a writ_n for_o the_o levy_v thereof_o four_o 4._o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la ought_v to_o be_v award_v out_o of_o a_o presentment_n or_o inquisition_n whereby_o the_o matter_n may_v be_v find_v whereby_o the_o king_n be_v entitle_v or_o upon_o some_o presentment_n which_o concern_v the_o commonwealth_n as_o presentment_n that_o a_o common_a bridge_n be_v in_o decay_n and_o that_o either_o a_o particular_a man_n be_v bind_v to_o repair_v it_o or_o that_o it_o be_v in_o default_n of_o the_o county_n or_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o such_o a_o hundred_o and_o the_o like_a for_o repair_v of_o highway_n there_o i_o agree_v as_o be_v say_v by_o my_o brother_n trevor_n a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v usual_o award_v out_o of_o the_o exchequer_n but_o i_o conceive_v these_o prove_v that_o without_o a_o presentment_n or_o inquisition_n that_o no_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la do_v proper_o lie_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v award_v and_o therefore_o i_o will_v conclude_v this_o with_o the_o case_n of_o 2._o edw._n 3._o fo._n 2._o the_o king_n by_o his_o writ_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o lancaster_n recite_v that_o where_o sr._n john_n langton_n have_v deliver_v divers_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o one_o robert_n his_o companion_n to_o come_v to_o the_o king_n in_o aid_n of_o his_o war_n in_o scotland_n and_o the_o say_a robert_n do_v not_o come_v but_o do_v spoil_v and_o take_v the_o good_n and_o chattel_n of_o divers_a of_o our_o subject_n in_o the_o say_a county_n and_o do_v rob_v and_o spoil_v and_o waste_v the_o good_n of_o our_o subject_n to_o the_o value_n of_o two_o thousand_o li._n ut_fw-la accepimus_fw-la le_fw-fr
domini_fw-la 1002._o it_o be_v increase_v to_o 24000._o pound_n and_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1007._o it_o be_v increase_v to_o 36000._o pound_n and_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1012._o it_o be_v increase_v to_o 48000._o pound_n so_o if_o this_o writ_n be_v well_o award_v it_o may_v be_v at_o pleasure_n what_o bound_v it_o shall_v have_v also_o there_o be_v never_o but_o one_o single_a subsidy_n and_o two_o fifteen_o use_v to_o be_v grant_v in_o parliament_n until_o 31._o elis._n and_o then_o a_o double_a subsidy_n and_o four_o fifteen_o be_v grant_v sir_n walter_n mildmay_n then_o chancellor_n of_o the_o exchequer_n move_v for_o it_o and_o say_v his_o heart_n do_v quake_v to_o move_v it_o not_o know_v the_o inconvenience_n that_o shall_v grow_v upon_o it_o but_o show_v great_a reason_n for_o so_o move_v of_o it_o be_v immediate_o after_o the_o spanish_a invasion_n and_o so_o it_o be_v grant_v afterwards_o in_o 35._o elis._n treble_a subsidy_n and_o six_o fifteen_o be_v grant_v and_o in_o 43._o elis._n four_o subsidy_n and_o eight_o fifteen_o and_o yet_o these_o be_v not_o account_v grievous_a neither_o will_v it_o have_v be_v if_o it_o have_v be_v 10._o subsidy_n because_o in_o parliament_n and_o convenient_a time_n and_o mean_n appoint_v for_o the_o levy_n of_o they_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n be_v grant_v to_o this_o end_n 13._o r._n 2._o and_o have_v continue_v ever_o since_o by_o several_a grant_n that_o the_o king_n may_v have_v money_n in_o his_o purse_n against_o time_n of_o need_n for_o extraordinary_a occasion_n especial_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o for_o guard_v the_o sea_n as_o it_o be_v especial_o declare_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o iac._n and_o former_a statute_n but_o it_o be_v say_v object_n that_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n be_v not_o grant_v now_o to_o the_o king_n therefore_o the_o king_n be_v enforce_v to_o take_v these_o extraordinary_a course_n though_o it_o be_v not_o grant_v sol._n yet_o i_o think_v it_o be_v take_v and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o the_o same_o intent_n and_o for_o the_o same_o purpose_n for_o which_o it_o be_v first_o grant_v which_o be_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o sea_n therefore_o in_o case_n of_o danger_n and_o necessity_n every_o subject_a for_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v bind_v ligeanciae_fw-la debito_fw-la as_o some_o record_n say_v and_o ligeanciae_fw-la suae_fw-la vinculo_fw-la astricti_fw-la as_o other_o speak_v see_v and_o sua_fw-la totis_fw-la viribus_fw-la et_fw-la potestate_fw-la exponere_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o in_o such_o a_o case_n the_o king_n may_v command_v the_o person_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o arrest_v their_o ship_n to_o wait_v on_o he_o to_o defend_v the_o sea_n yet_o this_o also_o when_o they_o go_v out_o of_o their_o county_n at_o the_o king_n charge_n but_o to_o command_v the_o subject_n by_o writ_n to_o build_v new_a ship_n or_o to_o prepare_v ship_n at_o their_o charge_n or_o to_o lay_v a_o common_a charge_n on_o the_o subject_n in_o general_a for_o matter_n of_o defence_n or_o avoidance_n of_o danger_n be_v not_o warrantable_a by_o the_o common_a law_n another_o inconvenience_n be_v that_o it_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sheriff_n to_o charge_v any_o man_n estate_n at_o his_o pleasure_n tax_v some_o and_o spare_v other_o as_o his_o affection_n lead_v he_o and_o sometime_o by_o colour_n thereof_o levy_v more_o than_o he_o need_v and_o enrich_v himself_o which_o power_n the_o law_n never_o allow_v he_o although_o it_o be_v in_o less_o matter_n as_o to_o make_v a_o assessment_n for_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o sea_n wall_n but_o to_o do_v it_o by_o a_o jury_n and_o not_o himself_o alone_o so_o for_o these_o reason_n i_o conclude_v this_o writ_n be_v against_o the_o common_a law_n and_o so_o illegal_a for_o the_o second_o point_n i_o conceive_v if_o the_o common_a law_n be_v doubtful_a in_o this_o whether_o such_o a_o charge_n may_v be_v impose_v by_o writ_n yet_o now_o it_o be_v make_v clear_a by_o divers_a express_a statute_n that_o the_o king_n be_v not_o to_o lay_v any_o charge_n upon_o his_o subject_n but_o by_o their_o consent_n in_o parliament_n and_o that_o be_v by_o many_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o force_n and_o not_o repeal_v and_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o king_n by_o statute_n may_v bind_v they_o and_o their_o successor_n not_o to_o lay_v any_o such_o charge_n every_o king_n be_v bind_v by_o oath_n to_o perform_v the_o statuâ—es_v of_o his_o realm_n the_o statute_n of_o 25._o edw._n 1._o 1._o which_o be_v in_o these_o word_n forasmuch_o as_o divers_a people_n of_o our_o realm_n be_v in_o fear_n that_o the_o aid_n and_o tax_n which_o they_o have_v give_v we_o before_o time_n towards_o our_o war_n and_o other_o business_n of_o their_o own_o grant_n and_o good_a will_n howsoever_o they_o be_v make_v may_v turn_v to_o a_o bondage_n to_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n because_o they_o may_v be_v at_o another_o time_n find_v in_o the_o roll_n and_o likewise_o for_o the_o prize_n take_v throughout_o our_o realm_n by_o our_o minister_n we_o have_v grant_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n that_o we_o shall_v not_o draw_v any_o such_o aid_n tax_n or_o prize_n into_o a_o custom_n for_o any_o thing_n that_o have_v be_v do_v heretofore_o by_o any_o roll_n or_o any_o other_o precedent_n that_o may_v be_v find_v 6._o ibidem_fw-la cap._n 6._o moreover_o we_o have_v grant_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n as_o well_o to_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n and_o other_o folk_n of_o holy_a church_n as_o also_o to_o earl_n baron_n and_o to_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o land_n that_o for_o no_o business_n from_o henceforth_o we_o shall_v take_v such_o aid_n â—axes_n â—or_a prize_n but_o by_o the_o common_a assent_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o for_o the_o common_a profit_n thereof_o save_v the_o ancient_a aid_n and_o prize_n due_a and_o accustom_a which_o be_v the_o express_a word_n of_o that_o statute_n now_o what_o those_o ancient_a aid_n be_v be_v well_o know_v viz._n that_o they_o be_v ad_fw-la redimenduâ—_z câ—rpuâ—_z ad_fw-la fâ—lium_fw-la priâ—ogâ—â—itâ—â—_z militem_fw-la faciendâ—_z et_fw-la ad_fw-la filiam_fw-la priâ—ogenitam_fw-la miritandam_fw-la which_o aid_n concern_v not_o the_o subject_n in_o general_a but_o particular_a man_n be_v liable_a thereunto_o by_o theiâ—â—enures_n â—o_z this_o savingâ—eeded_v not_o to_o have_v be_v for_o the_o body_n of_o the_o act_n extend_v not_o to_o they_o but_o 〈◊〉_d generâ—ll_v aideâ—_z of_o the_o kingdom_n however_o if_o this_o salvo_n as_o it_o have_v be_v object_v will_v preserve_v this_o aid_n now_o in_o question_n yet_o the_o statute_n make_v afterwards_o de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la be_v without_o any_o salvo_n take_v it_o away_o which_o staâ—ute_n rasâ—alâ—_z in_o his_o abridgement_n fol._n 441._o in_o his_o title_n of_o tax_n abridge_v in_o this_o manner_n anno_fw-la 25._o edw._n 1._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o tax_n take_v shall_v not_o be_v take_v in_o custom_n noâ—_z 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o assent_n of_o this_o realm_n except_o the_o ancient_a aid_n and_o tax_n and_o there_o the_o tax_n of_o wool_n of_o forty_o shilling_n a_o sack_n be_v release_v ibidem_fw-la 2_o that_o no_o tallage_n by_o we_o or_o our_o heir_n in_o our_o realm_n be_v puâ—_n or_o levy_v without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n earl_n baron_n knightsâ—_z burgess_n and_o other_o free_a commons_o of_o our_o realm_n that_o nothing_o be_v take_v from_o henceforth_o in_o the_o name_n or_o by_o reason_n of_o male_a tout_fw-fr of_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n statutum_fw-la de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la master_n solicitor_n labour_v much_o to_o proveâ—_z object_n that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la first_o for_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o roll_n of_o parliament_n second_o for_o that_o it_o be_v not_o set_v down_o when_o it_o be_v make_v three_o that_o it_o be_v but_o a_o abstract_n out_o of_o confirmatio_fw-la chartae_fw-la libertatum_fw-la master_n attorney_n say_v he_o will_v not_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v a_o statute_n neither_o will_v he_o affirm_v it_o but_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o take_v away_o the_o aid_n demand_v by_o prerogative_n or_o power_n royal_a for_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n sâ—l_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v never_o doubt_v to_o be_v a_o statute_n until_o this_o argument_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o statute_n appear_v for_o that_o it_o be_v print_v in_o the_o book_n of_o statute_n as_o a_o statute_n it_o be_v recite_v in_o the_o petition_n of_o right_a anno_fw-la tertio_fw-la car._n to_o be_v a_o statute_n to_o that_o that_o it_o be_v not_o find_v in_o the_o roll_n i_o answer_v that_o many_o statute_n which_o be_v know_v statute_n
those_o commission_n may_v be_v repeal_v and_o that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v of_o any_o force_n or_o effect_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o king_n will_v that_o the_o say_a commission_n be_v repeal_v in_o all_o point_n which_o be_v a_o absolute_a and_o perfect_a statute_n but_o then_o there_o be_v add_v these_o word_n but_o for_o the_o great_a necessity_n that_o he_o have_v of_o such_o vessel_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o case_n that_o the_o war_n shall_v happen_v he_o will_v treat_v with_o his_o lord_n of_o this_o matter_n and_o afterwards_o will_v show_v it_o unto_o the_o commons_o to_o have_v their_o counsel_n and_o advice_n in_o this_o point_n so_o by_o this_o record_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o commons_o do_v conceive_v that_o no_o city_n burroughes_n nor_o town_n without_o assent_n in_o parliament_n be_v to_o be_v charge_v with_o the_o make_n of_o such_o vessel_n to_o which_o the_o king_n agree_v and_o from_o that_o day_n to_o this_o very_a day_n until_o the_o make_n of_o these_o writ_n in_o no_o age_n although_o the_o kingdom_n have_v be_v many_o time_n in_o danger_n of_o invasion_n and_o have_v be_v invade_v there_o do_v appear_v any_o record_n that_o ever_o i_o have_v see_v or_o any_o writ_n direct_v to_o any_o town_n or_o city_n at_o their_o charge_n to_o make_v or_o prepare_v any_o ship_n or_o vessel_n whatsoever_o ob._n and_o whereas_o it_o have_v be_v object_v and_o especial_o insist_v upon_o by_o my_o brother_n berkley_n that_o this_o latter_a part_n that_o the_o king_n will_v treat_v with_o his_o lord_n concerning_o they_o and_o after_o confer_v with_o the_o commons_o be_v a_o gentle_a denial_n of_o that_o act_n as_o the_o experience_n be_v at_o this_o day_n roy_fw-fr se_fw-la avisera_fw-la be_v a_o denial_n of_o a_o act_n sol._n hereunto_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v a_o absolute_a act_n for_o it_o be_v a_o absolute_a assent_n unto_o the_o petition_n and_o that_o which_o come_v after_o be_v but_o a_o plausible_a excuse_n for_o that_o such_o commission_n have_v go_v out_o and_o this_o further_a consultation_n never_o appear_v to_o be_v make_v nor_o ever_o any_o such_o writ_n or_o commission_n for_o such_o vessel_n to_o be_v make_v go_v out_o ever_o since_o until_o this_o writ_n 13._o hen._n 4._o nu_fw-la 10._o 10._o a_o grant_n be_v of_o a_o subsidy_n of_o wool_n woolfell_n hide_n and_o other_o thing_n there_o mention_v and_o of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n for_o one_o year_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o march_n of_o callice_n etc._n etc._n and_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o safeguard_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o therein_o be_v this_o express_a proviso_n viz._n provide_v always_o that_o this_o grant_n of_o a_o subsidy_n of_o wool_n etc._n etc._n and_o of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n in_o time_n to_o come_v shall_v not_o be_v take_v in_o example_n to_o charge_v the_o lord_n or_o commons_o of_o this_o realm_n with_o any_o manner_n of_o subsidy_n for_o the_o safeguard_n of_o callice_n etc._n etc._n nor_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n nor_o for_o the_o safeguard_n of_o the_o sea_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o this_o realm_n and_o that_o by_o a_o new_a grant_n to_o be_v make_v and_o that_o in_o full_a parliament_n to_o come_v by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v then_o provide_v that_o no_o charge_n shall_v be_v lay_v upon_o the_o lord_n or_o commons_o no_o not_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o by_o grant_n in_o full_a parliament_n 13._o hen._n 4._o nu_fw-la 43._o 33._o a_o petition_n be_v in_o parliament_n recite_v that_o there_o be_v a_o office_n grant_v of_o alnager_n within_o london_n and_o the_o suburb_n of_o the_o same_o with_o fee_n to_o that_o appertain_a where_o any_o such_o office_n never_o be_v nor_o any_o such_o fee_n appertain_v thereunto_o and_o that_o by_o colour_n thereof_o they_o levy_v upon_o the_o sale_n of_o every_o broad_a cloth_n a_o half_a penny_n of_o the_o buyer_n and_o a_o half_a penny_n of_o the_o seller_n and_o upon_o sale_n of_o every_o hundred_o ell_n of_o canvas_n a_o penny_n of_o the_o seller_n and_o a_o penny_n of_o the_o buyer_n wrongful_o against_o the_o statute_n in_o the_o time_n of_o your_o highness_n progenitor_n make_v to_o the_o contrary_a by_o which_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o no_o tallage_n nor_o aid_n shall_v be_v grant_v nor_o levy_v without_o assent_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o your_o realm_n as_o by_o the_o say_a statute_n full_o be_v declare_v wherefore_o they_o pray_v that_o such_o letter_n patent_n thereof_o make_v shall_v be_v void_a and_o hold_v for_o none_o and_o this_o be_v grant_v whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v declare_v then_o in_o parliament_n that_o these_o statute_n be_v and_o do_v continue_v that_o no_o tallage_n or_o aid_n shall_v be_v levy_v without_o grant_n in_o parliament_n 1._o ric._n 3._o cap._n 2._o it_o be_v enact_v in_o these_o word_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n remember_v how_o the_o commons_o of_o this_o realm_n by_o new_a and_o unlawful_a invention_n and_o inordinate_a covetice_n against_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v be_v put_v to_o great_a servitude_n and_o importune_v charge_n and_o exaction_n and_o especial_o by_o a_o new_a imposition_n call_v a_o benevolence_n whereby_o divers_a subject_n of_o this_o land_n against_o their_o will_n and_o liberty_n have_v pay_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v enact_v and_o ordain_v that_o the_o subject_n and_o commons_o of_o this_o realm_n from_o henceforth_o shall_v in_o no_o wise_a be_v charge_v by_o such_o charge_n or_o imposition_n call_v a_o benevolence_n or_o by_o such_o like_a charge_n and_o that_o such_o exaction_n call_v a_o benevolence_n before_o that_o time_n take_v shall_v be_v take_v for_o no_o example_n to_o make_v any_o such_o or_o any_o like_a charge_n of_o any_o his_o subject_n of_o this_o realm_n hereafter_o but_o shall_v be_v damn_v and_o annul_v for_o ever_o by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v express_o provide_v that_o the_o subject_n shall_v not_o be_v charge_v by_o way_n of_o benevolence_n which_o be_v in_o nature_n of_o a_o free_a gift_n nor_o such_o like_a charge_n that_o be_v no_o charge_n of_o money_n shall_v be_v upon_o the_o subject_a for_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o be_v it_o for_o defence_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n or_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o last_o and_o conclude_a statute_n be_v the_o petition_n of_o right_a make_v in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o majesty_n reign_n where_o recite_v that_o it_o be_v enact_v by_o a_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o common_o call_v statutum_fw-la de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la that_o no_o tallage_n or_o aid_n shall_v be_v lay_v or_o levy_v by_o the_o king_n or_o his_o heir_n in_o this_o realm_n without_o the_o good_a will_n and_o assent_n of_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n earl_n baron_n knight_n and_o other_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o by_o a_o statute_n of_o 25._o edw._n 3._o that_o none_o shall_v be_v compel_v to_o make_v any_o loan_z to_o the_o king_n because_o such_o loan_z be_v against_o reason_n and_o the_o franchise_n of_o the_o land_n and_o by_o another_o statute_n that_o none_o shall_v be_v charge_v by_o any_o imposition_n call_v a_o benevolence_n by_o which_o statute_n and_o other_o the_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n your_o subject_n have_v inherit_v this_o freedom_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v compel_v to_o contribute_v to_o any_o tax_n tallage_n aid_n nor_o other_o like_a charge_v not_o set_v by_o parliament_n and_o then_o they_o pray_v that_o none_o hereafter_o be_v compel_v to_o make_v or_o yield_v any_o gift_n loan_n benevolence_n tax_v or_o such_o like_a charge_n without_o common_a consent_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o after_o five_o other_o thing_n there_o mention_v the_o conclusion_n be_v all_o which_o they_o pray_v as_o their_o right_n and_o liberty_n unto_o which_o the_o king_n answer_v let_v right_o be_v do_v as_o be_v desire_v which_o be_v a_o full_a and_o perfect_a statute_n show_v in_o this_o point_n the_o liberty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n pray_v and_o allow_v which_o be_v not_o do_v without_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o judge_n then_o be_v whereof_o i_o be_v one_o who_o opinion_n be_v then_o demand_v and_o resolve_v that_o the_o same_o do_v not_o give_v any_o new_a liberty_n but_o declare_v what_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v in_o this_o among_o other_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v compel_v to_o be_v contributory_a to_o any_o tax_n tallage_n aid_n nor_o any_o like_a charge_v not_o set_v by_o parliament_n by_o reason_n of_o all_o which_o statute_n especial_o
force_n to_o defend_v etc._n etc._n the_o like_a writ_n to_o all_o other_o bishop_n in_o the_o kingdom_n 47._o a_o write_v to_o the_o arrayer_n of_o man_n in_o the_o county_n of_o norff._n and_o to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o norff._n command_v they_o to_o command_v all_o great_a man_n and_o other_o that_o have_v mansion_n upon_o or_o near_o the_o sea_n coast_n to_o resort_v with_o all_o their_o family_n for_o defence_n of_o those_o coast_n the_o like_a to_o the_o arrayer_n and_o to_o the_o sheriff_n often_o other_o maritine_n county_n 13._o a_o commission_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n and_o other_o to_o array_v man_n in_o durham_n cumberland_n and_o northumb._n to_o resist_v the_o scot_n 31._o a_o write_v to_o william_n hench_a and_o other_o to_o remove_v with_o all_o their_o family_n to_o their_o house_n upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n in_o the_o time_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o 7._o a_o write_v to_o the_o bailiff_n of_o scardeburgh_n because_o the_o town_n be_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o in_o danger_n by_o invasion_n careful_o to_o look_v to_o the_o custody_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n 12_o a_o write_v to_o the_o maior_fw-la and_o bailiff_n of_o oxon._n to_o repair_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n and_o to_o compel_v those_o that_o have_v land_n there_o to_o contribute_v to_o the_o expense_n thereof_o this_o record_n have_v be_v much_o urge_v by_o mr._n solicitor_n and_o mr._n attorney_n that_o if_o the_o king_n have_v such_o a_o power_n to_o command_v the_o wall_n of_o a_o town_n to_o be_v repair_v much_o more_o to_o command_v ship_n to_o be_v make_v which_o be_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o consequent_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o this_o be_v clear_o answer_v for_o that_o it_o be_v but_o a_o private_a charge_n of_o a_o private_a town_n and_o that_o have_v be_v former_o so_o wall_v and_o for_o defence_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o town_n and_o none_o charge_v but_o those_o that_o have_v benefit_n thereby_o and_o so_o prove_v nothing_o to_o the_o case_n in_o question_n one_o write_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o kent_n 42_o and_o another_o to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o essex_n command_v a_o ordinance_n make_v etc._n etc._n by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n for_o set_v up_o of_o beacon_n and_o keep_v watch_n about_o they_o a_o write_v to_o the_o archbish._n of_o cant._n to_o command_v all_o his_o clergy_n between_o 16._o and_o 60._o to_o be_v array_v and_o put_v in_o arm_n 8._o both_o horse_n and_o foot_n according_a to_o their_o quality_n to_o be_v ready_a to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n 13._o a_o write_v to_o a_o sergeant_n at_o arm_n to_o array_v all_o ship_n of_o war_n in_o the_o port_n of_o plymouth_n and_o dartmouth_n and_o other_o part_n in_o the_o county_n of_o cornwall_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o hanks_n hook_n to_o go_v with_o the_o king_n majesty_n ship_n in_o the_o same_o roll_n be_v divers_a other_o writ_n to_o divers_a other_o sergeant_n at_o arm_n to_o arrest_v the_o ship_n in_o divers_a other_o port_n 3._o a_o commission_n to_o the_o duke_n albernale_a to_o array_v man_n in_o the_o west_n march_v towards_o scotland_n to_o resist_v the_o scot_n 11._o a_o write_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o derby_n and_o nottingham_n recite_v that_o the_o king_n certain_o understand_v that_o the_o scot_n intend_v with_o a_o great_a power_n to_o invade_v the_o kingdom_n command_v he_o to_o proclaim_v in_o all_o part_n of_o his_o county_n that_o all_o man_n between_o 16._o and_o 60._o shall_v put_v themselves_o in_o arm_n competent_a according_a to_o their_o degree_n to_o be_v ready_a upon_o two_o day_n warning_n to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n 12._o the_o like_a writ_n be_v then_o direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o lincoln_n york_n and_o lancaster_n a_o write_v to_o the_o archbish._n of_o cant._n recite_v satis_fw-la informati_fw-la estis_fw-la qualit_fw-la inimici_fw-la nostri_fw-la franc._n and_o alii_fw-la sibi_fw-la adhaerentes_fw-la cum_fw-la magna_fw-la class_fw-la navium_fw-la cum_fw-la magna_fw-la multitudine_fw-la armator_fw-la armator_fw-la super_fw-la mare_fw-la congregat_fw-la congregat_fw-la ship_n diversas_fw-la villas_fw-la per_fw-la costeram_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la invadere_fw-la and_o nos_fw-la et_fw-la regnum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la destruere_fw-la and_o ecclesiam_fw-la anglicanam_fw-la subvertere_fw-la intendunt_fw-la et_fw-la proponunt_fw-la thereupon_o command_v that_o the_o clergy_n in_o that_o diocese_n be_v array_v and_o arm_v and_o to_o be_v ready_a at_o the_o king_n command_v to_o go_v against_o the_o enemy_n the_o like_a writ_n be_v then_o award_v to_o every_o bishop_n in_o england_n a_o commission_n to_o thomas_n de_fw-fr morley_n and_o other_o 28._o and_o to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o norff._n and_o suff._n and_o to_o the_o bailiff_n of_o great_a yarmouth_n recite_v quòd_fw-la cum_fw-la inimici_fw-la franc._n briton_n scot._n and_o alii_fw-la sibi_fw-la adhaerentes_fw-la inter_fw-la se_fw-la obligat_fw-la magna_fw-la armat_fw-la super_fw-la mare_fw-la in_fw-la aestate_fw-la proxim_fw-la futur_fw-la ordinaverunt_fw-la et_fw-la intendunt_fw-la regnum_fw-la invadere_fw-la etc._n etc._n command_v to_o survey_v that_o town_n of_o yarmouth_n and_o to_o fortify_v it_o note_v here_o also_o notwithstanding_o such_o great_a danger_n mention_v and_o such_o distance_n of_o time_n yet_o that_o no_o writ_n issue_v to_o any_o county_n to_o prepare_v ship_n a_o commission_n to_o array_v all_o man_n at_o arm_n in_o the_o west-riding_n in_o yorkshire_n 37._o to_o be_v ready_a to_o defend_v those_o part_n the_o like_a commission_n to_o other_o in_o nineteen_o several_a county_n 10._o m_o commission_n for_o array_v man_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 12._o if_o invasion_n shall_v be_v and_o for_o repress_v of_o rebel_n 1._o 12._o commission_n unto_o george_n duke_n of_o clarence_n and_o other_o to_o array_v man_n for_o defence_n 13._o a_o commission_n to_o john_n lord_n howard_n to_o be_v captain_n of_o all_o the_o force_n 22._o a_o commission_n to_o marquess_n montague_n to_o array_n and_o put_v in_o arm_n all_o man_n beyond_o trent_n 1._o a_o commission_n to_o rich._n fitz-hugh_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o yorkshire_n to_o array_n and_o cause_n to_o be_v arm_v all_o able_a person_n abbot_n and_o other_o to_o be_v ready_a to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n 3._o a_o writ_n to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o norff._n and_o suff._n to_o proclaim_v in_o all_o part_n of_o those_o county_n for_o that_o there_o be_v like_o to_o be_v open_a war_n between_o charles_n of_o france_n and_o the_o king_n of_o roman_n and_o great_a navy_n be_v prepare_v of_o either_o side_n command_v that_o watch_n and_o ward_n be_v keep_v and_o beacon_n keep_v to_o give_v warning_n that_o every_o man_n be_v ready_a if_o need_v be_v to_o come_v and_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n 2._o a_o writ_n to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o kent_n command_v he_o to_o proclaim_v in_o his_o county_n that_o the_o king_n be_v certain_o inform_v that_o the_o french_a king_n have_v prepare_v and_o put_v in_o readiness_n a_o great_a and_o strong_a navy_n furnish_v with_o man_n of_o war_n to_o invade_v this_o his_o kingdom_n therefore_o command_v all_o man_n between_o the_o age_n of_o 16._o and_o 60._o to_o put_v themselves_o in_o arm_n and_o to_o be_v ready_a to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n at_o a_o hour_n warning_n commissioner_n go_v to_o take_v view_n of_o all_o the_o horse_n of_o england_n for_o service_n elis._n and_o to_o survey_v all_o the_o arm_n to_o have_v they_o all_o put_v in_o readiness_n as_o necessity_n shall_v require_v now_o it_o appear_v upon_o view_n and_o examination_n of_o all_o these_o record_n most_o of_o they_o be_v cite_v by_o mr._n solicitor_n and_o m._n attorney_n in_o their_o several_a argument_n that_o there_o be_v none_o to_o prove_v the_o send_n of_o any_o such_o writ_n to_o inland_a or_o maritine_n county_n to_o prepare_v such_o ship_n although_o there_o have_v be_v many_o time_n great_a danger_n nor_o yet_o any_o writ_n to_o maritine_n town_n after_o the_o stat._n of_o 14._o e._n 3._o to_o charge_v they_o to_o find_v any_o ship_n at_o their_o charge_n so_o than_o i_o conclude_v this_o point_n that_o i_o conceive_v this_o writ_n be_v not_o warrant_v by_o any_o former_a precedent_n now_o i_o come_v to_o examine_v the_o point_n of_o this_o writ_n whether_o the_o same_o be_v legal_a and_o warrant_v by_o any_o former_a precedent_n and_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v not_o for_o first_o the_o motive_n mention_v in_o the_o writ_n be_v quia_fw-la datum_fw-la est_fw-la nobis_fw-la intelligi_fw-la which_o be_v no_o certain_a information_n quòd_fw-la quidam_fw-la praedones_fw-la et_fw-la maris_fw-la grassatores_fw-la do_v take_v the_o king_n subject_n merchant_n and_o other_o and_o carry_v they_o into_o miserable_a captivity_n cumque_fw-la ipsos_fw-la conspicimus_fw-la navigium_fw-la indy_fw-la praeparantes_fw-la ad_fw-la mercator_fw-la mercator_fw-la nostros_fw-la molestand_v molestand_v and_o regnum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la gravand_a gravand_a all_o
these_o and_o those_o follow_v i_o conceive_v be_v not_o sufficient_a motive_n and_o be_v never_o in_o any_o precedent_n before_o to_o have_v a_o royal_a navy_n prepare_v for_o the_o former_a precedent_n be_v that_o great_a prince_n in_o open_a time_n of_o hostility_n have_v provide_v great_a navy_n with_o munition_n and_o soldier_n with_o intent_n to_o invade_v the_o kingdom_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o former_a precedent_n and_o against_o such_o provision_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o provide_v a_o royal_a navy_n the_o king_n ship_n and_o all_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o be_v gather_v to_o withstand_v they_o but_o to_o make_v such_o preparation_n against_o pirate_n it_o be_v never_o put_v in_o any_o writ_n before_o for_o when_o pirate_n infest_v the_o sea_n they_o come_v as_o it_o be_v by_o stealth_n to_o rob_v and_o to_o do_v mischief_n and_o they_o never_o dare_v appear_v but_o when_o they_o may_v do_v mischief_n and_o escape_v away_o by_o their_o lightness_n but_o against_o they_o the_o usual_a course_n have_v be_v that_o the_o admiral_n or_o his_o deputy_n with_o some_o few_o ship_n have_v scour_v the_o coast_n and_o not_o to_o employ_v a_o whole_a navy_n and_o this_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o 25._o e._n 1._o m._n 9_o where_o will_n leyborne_n the_o admiral_n be_v appoint_v upon_o such_o a_o occasion_n with_o ten_o ship_n to_o lie_v upon_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o usual_a practice_n have_v be_v when_o they_o hover_v upon_o the_o sea_n by_o send_v a_o few_o ship_n of_o war_n to_o scatter_v they_o and_o to_o make_v they_o absolute_o to_o fly_v away_o and_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n of_o loss_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o any_o act_n that_o pirate_n can_v do_v neither_o convenient_a that_o every_o county_n of_o the_o kingdom_n shall_v prepare_v ship_n against_o they_o the_o command_n of_o this_o writ_n to_o provide_v a_o ship_n of_o 450._o tun_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o county_n furnish_v with_o master_n and_o mariner_n which_o be_v impossible_a for_o they_o to_o do_v for_o the_o reason_n before_o allege_v and_o therefore_o be_v illegal_a and_o not_o warrant_v by_o former_a precedent_n the_o command_n of_o the_o writ_n to_o find_v wage_n for_o the_o soldier_n for_o 26._o week_n after_o they_o come_v to_o portsmouth_n when_o they_o be_v out_o of_o their_o county_n and_o in_o the_o king_n service_n be_v illegal_a be_v against_o the_o course_n of_o precedent_n in_o divers_a time_n and_o against_o divers_a express_a statute_n and_o this_o appear_v by_o divers_a record_n 15._o ioh._n in_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n of_o the_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n it_o be_v express_o mention_v that_o after_o their_o 40._o day_n service_n for_o so_o many_o day_n they_o be_v to_o do_v service_n by_o their_o tenure_n they_o shall_v be_v satisfy_v ad_fw-la denarios_fw-la regis_fw-la pasch._n 26._o e._n 1._o among_o the_o writ_n of_o the_o exchequer_n it_o be_v there_o set_v down_o that_o the_o footman_n of_o cheshire_n be_v 1000_o which_o be_v appoint_v to_o go_v to_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o border_n upon_o scotland_n will_v not_o stir_v out_o of_o the_o county_n without_o their_o wage_n and_o there_o be_v set_v down_o that_o one_o therein_o name_v be_v send_v down_o with_o money_n to_o pay_v the_o say_a footman_n mich._n 26._o e._n 1._o inter_fw-la brevia_fw-la irretornab_fw-la in_o the_o exchequer_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o scot_n many_o thousand_o of_o soldier_n be_v take_v from_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n ad_fw-la vadia_fw-la regiâ—_n and_o there_o mention_v that_o clerk_n be_v send_v down_o with_o money_n to_o pay_v the_o soldier_n of_o several_a county_n their_o wage_n in_o the_o exchequer_n in_o account_n the_o wage_n of_o land_n soldier_n for_o several_a county_n 1._o and_o the_o wage_n of_o mariner_n be_v set_v down_o what_o the_o wage_n that_o be_v pay_v come_v to_o by_o day_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n inter_fw-la brevia_fw-la in_o the_o exchequer_n 1._o the_o warden_n of_o the_o march_n of_o scotland_n signify_v unto_o the_o baron_n that_o the_o man_n of_o cumberland_n and_o westmoreland_n appoint_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o march_n will_v not_o stir_v out_o of_o their_o county_n without_o wage_n whereupon_o order_n be_v give_v for_o wage_n for_o they_o commission_n go_v out_o to_o pay_v the_o soldier_n 2._o which_o serve_v out_o of_o several_a county_n for_o defence_n against_o scotland_n in_o the_o exchequer_n it_o be_v order_v in_o parliament_n 16._o that_o where_o some_o soldier_n have_v receive_v of_o some_o of_o the_o king_n officer_n money_n for_o their_o wage_n be_v fain_o to_o give_v bond_n for_o repayment_n that_o those_o bond_n shall_v all_o be_v redeliver_v but_o to_o clear_v all_o doubt_n the_o express_a statute_n of_o 18._o e._n 3._o c._n 7._o be_v that_o man_n of_o arm_n hobler_n and_o archer_n choose_v to_o go_v in_o the_o king_n sâ—rvice_n out_o of_o england_n shall_v be_v at_o the_o king_n wage_n from_o the_o time_n they_o go_v out_o of_o their_o county_n where_o they_o be_v choose_v until_o the_o time_n they_o come_v home_o again_o 1._o those_o that_o have_v any_o grant_n of_o land_n from_o the_o king_n and_o those_o that_o have_v any_o office_n of_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n be_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n but_o in_o both_o it_o be_v appoint_v they_o shall_v have_v wage_n from_o the_o time_n they_o come_v from_o their_o house_n until_o they_o shall_v return_v 2._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o no_o captain_n receive_v soldier_n serve_v by_o sea_n or_o by_o land_n shall_v receive_v any_o wage_n for_o more_o soldier_n or_o more_o time_n than_o they_o serve_v and_o shall_v enter_v the_o day_n of_o their_o enter_n into_o wage_n upon_o pain_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o record_n and_o statute_n do_v prove_v that_o the_o soldier_n shall_v be_v at_o the_o king_n wage_n therefore_o this_o command_n for_o soldier_n wage_n for_o 26._o week_n when_o they_o go_v from_o portsmouth_n be_v illegal_a and_o express_o against_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o so_o the_o assessment_n be_v entire_a as_o well_o for_o the_o wage_n as_o the_o other_o charge_n i_o hold_v to_o be_v clear_o illegal_a and_o not_o to_o be_v demand_v that_o the_o command_n of_o this_o writ_n to_o the_o sheriff_n to_o assess_v man_n at_o his_o own_o discretion_n be_v not_o legal_a nor_o warrant_v by_o the_o precedent_n for_o the_o precedent_n be_v common_o that_o assessment_n for_o contribution_n for_o make_v or_o set_v out_o of_o ship_n have_v be_v by_o commissioner_n which_o by_o presumption_n have_v knowledge_n of_o such_o matter_n as_o common_o sheriff_n have_v not_o also_o this_o leave_v to_o the_o sheriff_n too_o great_a a_o power_n to_o value_v man_n estate_n as_o to_o enhance_v who_o he_o will_v and_o to_o favour_n who_o he_o will_v that_o the_o power_n to_o the_o sheriff_n and_o major_n of_o town_n etc._n etc._n to_o imprison_v especial_o as_o it_o be_v use_v for_o nonpayment_n of_o the_o money_n be_v illegal_a and_o express_o against_o divers_a statute_n for_o it_o be_v provide_v by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la c._n 29._o quòd_fw-la nullus_fw-la capiatur_fw-la vel_fw-la imprisonetur_fw-la nec_fw-la super_fw-la eum_fw-la ibimus_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_n suor_fw-la suor_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la also_o in_o 5._o ed._n 3._o cap._n 9_o that_o none_o shall_v be_v attach_v or_o his_o good_n seize_v contrary_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n also_o by_o the_o statute_n make_v mich._n 37._o e._n 3._o cap._n 18._o it_o be_v recite_v that_o by_o that_o great_a charter_n none_o shall_v be_v take_v or_o imprison_v but_o by_o due_a process_n of_o law_n yet_o by_o colour_n of_o this_o writ_n the_o sheriff_n may_v imprison_v any_o person_n yea_o any_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o although_o peer_n be_v not_o to_o be_v arrest_v upon_o ordinary_a process_n between_o party_n and_o party_n as_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o countess_n of_o rutland_n case_n in_o cok._n l._n 6._o fol._n 32._o yet_o for_o a_o contempt_n and_o upon_o process_n of_o contempt_n which_o be_v always_o for_o the_o king_n any_o peer_n may_v be_v imprison_v as_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o all_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n in_o the_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n case_n and_o so_o the_o sheriff_n by_o colour_n of_o this_o writ_n may_v arrest_v any_o peer_n as_o for_o a_o contempt_n in_o not_o pay_v but_o by_o the_o book_n case_n 2._o e._o 3._o fo._n 2._o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o a_o writ_n to_o imprison_v one_o upon_o suggestion_n before_o he_o be_v indict_v and_o without_o due_a process_n of_o law_n be_v illegal_a so_o for_o the_o case_n i_o hold_v this_o writ_n to_o be_v illegal_a the_o last_o
clause_n of_o this_o writ_n be_v that_o by_o colour_n of_o this_o writ_n more_o shall_v not_o be_v gather_v then_o will_v be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o necessary_a expense_n of_o the_o premise_n and_o that_o none_o that_o levy_v any_o money_n towards_o these_o contribution_n shall_v detain_v the_o same_o with_o they_o or_o employ_v the_o same_o to_o other_o use_n and_o that_o if_o more_o than_o do_v suffice_v be_v collect_v it_o shall_v be_v pay_v among_o those_o that_o pay_v after_o a_o ratable_a proportion_n these_o be_v reasonable_a clause_n but_o as_o the_o course_n be_v take_v it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v perform_v for_o no_o ship_n nor_o tackle_v nor_o munition_n nor_o man_n nor_o wage_n nor_o victual_n be_v provide_v it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v know_v whether_o more_o be_v gather_v or_o less_o than_o will_v suffice_v and_o there_o be_v money_n gather_v it_o be_v of_o necessity_n either_o detain_v with_o the_o collector_n or_o sheriff_n or_o employ_v to_o other_o use_n than_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o writ_n so_o the_o writ_n be_v not_o perform_v and_o the_o money_n assess_v and_o collect_v be_v not_o due_o make_v nor_o collect_v and_o the_o money_n assess_v and_o unpaid_a can_v be_v due_o demand_v admit_v that_o the_o writ_n be_v legal_a and_o the_o command_v therein_o legal_a yet_o the_o assessment_n as_o it_o be_v certify_v be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o charge_v the_o defendant_n for_o it_o be_v not_o certify_v that_o any_o ship_n with_o munition_n and_o man_n and_o wage_n for_o man_n and_o victual_n be_v prepare_v and_o this_o be_v a_o year_n after_o the_o time_n that_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v prepare_v and_o send_v to_o portsmouth_n and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o prepare_v there_o be_v no_o cause_n to_o charge_v the_o defendant_n and_o that_o not_o appear_v to_o be_v do_v it_o shall_v be_v conceive_v not_o to_o be_v do_v for_o if_o a_o man_n be_v charge_v with_o money_n in_o consideration_n of_o a_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v before_o a_o certain_a time_n if_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o perform_v according_a to_o the_o time_n none_o can_v be_v charge_v for_o not_o be_v contributory_a to_o it_o after_o the_o time_n be_v past_a for_o it_o be_v in_o nature_n of_o a_o condition_n precedent_n to_o have_v a_o duty_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v after_o the_o condition_n perform_v and_o there_o he_o that_o will_v have_v the_o duty_n must_v show_v that_o the_o condition_n be_v perform_v this_o appear_v in_o the_o case_n of_o 15._o h._n 7.1_o and_o cok_n l._n 7._o fo._n 9_o ughtree_n case_n and_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v not_o prepare_v according_a to_o the_o writ_n nor_o money_n employ_v for_o prepare_v a_o ship_n for_o and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o county_n than_o every_o one_o that_o pay_v any_o money_n either_o voluntary_o as_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o writ_n or_o compulsory_o upon_o distress_n may_v demand_v their_o money_n again_o of_o the_o sheriff_n or_o of_o they_o that_o receive_v it_o for_o as_o they_o pay_v their_o money_n so_o it_o must_v be_v dispose_v of_o and_o can_v be_v dispose_v of_o otherwise_o by_o any_o command_n whatsoever_o although_o it_o be_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n for_o the_o command_n be_v under_o the_o great_a sâ—ale_n to_o prepare_v and_o furnish_v a_o ship_n to_o such_o purpose_n as_o in_o the_o writ_n be_v mention_v and_o they_o pay_v it_o to_o that_o purpose_n it_o can_v be_v otherwise_o dispose_v although_o it_o be_v more_o for_o their_o advantage_n for_o private_a man_n have_v interest_n therein_o that_o can_v be_v take_v from_o they_o noâ—_z dispense_v withal_o therefore_o in_o cok_n li_fw-it 7._o fol._n 27._o in_o the_o case_n of_o penal_a law_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o if_o the_o penalty_n appoint_v to_o be_v forfeit_v upon_o a_o penal_a statute_n be_v give_v to_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o parish_n where_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v the_o king_n can_v dispense_v with_o the_o penalty_n for_o that_o offence_n because_o the_o poor_a have_v a_o interest_n therein_o but_o if_o the_o penalty_n be_v give_v part_n to_o the_o king_n and_o part_n to_o the_o poor_a the_o king_n may_v dispense_v with_o his_o own_o part_n but_o not_o with_o the_o part_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o where_o it_o be_v say_v object_n that_o this_o be_v by_o way_n of_o accommodation_n because_o the_o country_n can_v well_o know_v how_o to_o provide_v to_o content_v and_o perhaps_o with_o more_o charge_n sol._n to_o this_o be_v answer_v they_o must_v do_v it_o at_o their_o peril_n if_o the_o writ_n be_v legal_a and_o then_o if_o it_o be_v do_v they_o shall_v have_v the_o benefit_n thereof_o for_o as_o my_o brother_n weston_n and_o my_o brother_n berkley_n have_v both_o agree_v if_o the_o ship_n be_v make_v when_o the_o service_n be_v do_v the_o county_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v shall_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o the_o munition_n and_o of_o the_o service_n of_o the_o man_n be_v make_v more_o expert_a against_o another_o time_n and_o the_o ship_n may_v with_o some_o easy_a charge_n serve_v again_o and_o nothing_o lose_v but_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o victual_n and_o the_o kingdom_n shall_v be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o strengthen_v by_o have_v so_o many_o ship_n make_v or_o prepare_v and_o they_o may_v have_v account_n of_o their_o money_n how_o it_o be_v bestow_v and_o if_o any_o surplusage_n be_v gather_v to_o have_v it_o restore_v and_o that_o the_o law_n be_v so_o that_o if_o money_n be_v receive_v of_o the_o county_n and_o not_o employ_v according_o the_o party_n so_o receive_v it_o be_v accountable_a to_o pay_v a_o fine_a for_o the_o same_o to_o the_o king_n and_o to_o the_o county_n for_o the_o money_n appear_v by_o two_o record_n the_o one_o in_o hill_n 16._o e._n 3._o rot_n 23._o in_o the_o king_n bench_n where_o two_o soldier_n be_v indict_v for_o that_o they_o 8._o e._n 3._o take_v 3._o li._n a_o piece_n towards_o their_o armour_n and_o to_o the_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v appoint_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o england_n in_o war_n go_v not_o but_o tarry_v still_o in_o their_o house_n and_o retain_v the_o armour_n and_o the_o money_n they_o have_v receive_v for_o that_o purpose_n they_o thereupon_o be_v convent_v plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o the_o one_o be_v find_v to_o go_v in_o service_n according_a to_o the_o appointment_n so_o he_o be_v discharge_v and_o the_o other_o be_v find_v that_o he_o receive_v the_o money_n and_o go_v not_o to_o do_v the_o service_n nor_o restore_v the_o arm_n nor_o money_n thereupon_o he_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o prison_n and_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n a_o fine_a and_o find_v surety_n to_o pay_v the_o money_n to_o the_o hundred_o again_o from_o who_o he_o have_v receive_v it_o the_o other_o be_v hill_n 20._o ed._n 3._o rot_n 57_o in_o the_o king_n bench_n where_o two_o high_a constable_n be_v indict_v for_o that_o they_o 8._o e._n 3._o have_v receive_v 6._o mark_v of_o the_o town_n in_o their_o hundred_o to_o set_v forth_o soldier_n and_o have_v not_o set_v they_o forth_o but_o retain_v the_o money_n which_o they_o deny_v it_o be_v find_v that_o they_o have_v receive_v the_o money_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o disburse_v 41_o s_o 6_o d._n thereof_o towards_o the_o set_n forth_o of_o soldier_n but_o have_v retain_v 38_o s._n 6._o d._n and_o not_o disburse_v it_o thereupon_o they_o be_v fine_v and_o imprison_v and_o after_o enlarge_v upon_o surety_n to_o pay_v the_o money_n they_o have_v retain_v undisburse_v at_o the_o next_o time_n when_o the_o king_n command_v soldier_n for_o those_o part_n by_o both_o which_o record_n be_v for_o offence_n do_v so_o long_o before_o it_o appear_v that_o those_o that_o have_v receive_v money_n of_o the_o country_n to_o prepare_v ship_n they_o be_v answerable_a unto_o the_o king_n or_o his_o successor_n to_o pay_v a_o fine_a for_o their_o employment_n of_o it_o otherwise_o and_o be_v chargeable_a to_o those_o of_o the_o county_n of_o who_o they_o receive_v it_o for_o repayment_n thereof_o for_o the_o last_o point_n i_o conceive_v that_o this_o certiorari_fw-la direct_v to_o the_o two_o that_o be_v late_a sheriff_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o assessment_n and_o not_o to_o the_o sheriff_n that_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o certiorari_fw-la award_v who_o be_v the_o only_a and_o immediate_a officer_n to_o return_v the_o writ_n be_v not_o legal_a for_o it_o be_v the_o first_o that_o have_v be_v see_v of_o that_o kindâ—_z for_o all_o writ_n be_v direct_v to_o some_o immediate_a sheriff_n require_v he_o to_o demand_v of_o the_o former_a sheriff_n what_o they_o do_v upon_o the_o former_a writ_n and_o they_o be_v to_o return_v to_o he_o what_o have_v be_v do_v and_o
prerogative_n to_o award_v such_o writ_n to_o command_v man_n to_o sustain_v such_o charge_n or_o to_o be_v contributory_a to_o it_o and_o to_o be_v distrain_v or_o imprison_v for_o not_o payment_n thereof_o also_o i_o conceive_v that_o this_o be_v not_o a_o act_n of_o royal_a power_n for_o if_o it_o be_v illegal_a to_o impose_v such_o a_o charge_n than_o be_v it_o not_o account_v as_o a_o matter_n of_o royal_a power_n but_o as_o a_o matter_n do_v upon_o a_o untrue_a suggestion_n and_o a_o matter_n of_o wrong_n do_v and_o wrong_n be_v not_o impute_v to_o the_o king_n for_o he_o can_v do_v no_o wrong_n but_o it_o be_v impute_v unto_o they_o who_o advise_v he_o to_o this_o course_n royal_a power_n i_o account_v be_v to_o be_v use_v in_o case_n of_o necessity_n and_o imminent_a danger_n when_o ordinary_a course_n will_v not_o avail_v for_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n non_fw-la recurrendum_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la extraordinaria_fw-la quando_fw-la fieri_fw-la potest_fw-la per_fw-la ordinaria_fw-la as_o in_o case_n of_o rebellion_n sudden_a invasion_n and_o in_o some_o other_o case_n where_o martial_a law_n may_v be_v use_v and_o may_v not_o stay_v for_o legal_a proceed_n but_o in_o a_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o no_o extreme_a necessity_n legal_a course_n must_v be_v use_v and_o not_o royal_a power_n therefore_o where_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 31._o h._n 8._o 8._o cap._n 8._o which_o be_v make_v upon_o suppression_n of_o abbey_n when_o rebellion_n be_v begin_v to_o be_v stir_v it_o be_v recite_v that_o sudden_a occasion_n happen_v which_o do_v require_v speedy_a remedy_n and_o for_o lack_v of_o a_o statute_n the_o king_n be_v enforce_v to_o use_v royal_a power_n it_o be_v enact_v for_o the_o reason_n therein_o mention_v that_o the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n therein_o name_v two_o bishop_n two_o chief_a justice_n and_o divers_a other_o and_o the_o more_o part_n of_o they_o by_o his_o proclamation_n may_v make_v ordinance_n for_o punishment_n of_o offence_n and_o lie_v penaltiesâ—_z which_o shall_v have_v the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n with_o a_o proviso_n that_o thereby_o no_o man_n life_n land_n or_o good_n shall_v be_v touch_v or_o impeach_v so_o that_o therein_o royal_a power_n be_v fortify_v by_o a_o statute_n yet_o that_o statute_n take_v care_n that_o no_o man_n land_n or_o good_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o prejudice_v but_o yet_o that_o statute_n be_v think_v inconvenient_a and_o therefore_o by_o a_o statute_n of_o 1._o e._n 6._o 6._o the_o same_o be_v repeal_v 55._o bracton_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 24._o fol._n 55._o and_o the_o same_o be_v cite_v in_o coke_n 11_o lib._n 7._o fol._n 11._o in_o calvin_n case_n regis_fw-la corona_fw-la est_fw-la facere_fw-la justitiam_fw-la et_fw-la judicium_fw-la and_o tenere_fw-la pacem_fw-la sine_fw-la quibuâ—_z corona_fw-la consistere_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la nec_fw-la teneri_fw-la 5._o coke_n lib._n 7._o fol._n 5._o in_o calvin_n case_n cite_v out_o of_o fortescue_n rex_fw-la ad_fw-la tutelam_fw-la legis_fw-la corporum_fw-la and_o bonorum_fw-la erectus_fw-la est_fw-la which_o be_v so_o he_o can_v take_v any_o man_n good_n or_o charge_v they_o without_o his_o assent_n by_o any_o prerogative_n or_o power_n royal_a also_o there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o necessity_n or_o danger_n conceive_v that_o may_v cause_v these_o writ_n to_o be_v award_v to_o all_o county_n of_o england_n to_o prepare_v ship_n at_o such_o charge_n and_o with_o such_o man_n and_o munition_n without_o consent_n in_o parliament_n for_o the_o law_n have_v provide_v mean_n for_o defence_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n without_o take_v this_o course_n for_o that_o the_o king_n have_v power_n to_o command_v all_o or_o any_o person_n of_o his_o kingdom_n to_o attend_v with_o arm_n at_o the_o sea_n coast_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o also_o by_o his_o officer_n to_o make_v stay_n or_o arrest_v all_o or_o any_o the_o ship_n of_o merchant_n and_o other_o have_v ship_n or_o as_o many_o as_o he_o please_v to_o go_v with_o his_o navy_n to_o any_o part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n for_o defence_n thereof_o and_o to_o attend_v those_o to_o who_o he_o appoint_v the_o guard_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o sea_n coast_n at_o such_o time_n and_o place_n as_o they_o shall_v appoint_v and_o this_o have_v be_v always_o take_v and_o conceive_v to_o be_v sufficient_a for_o defence_n against_o any_o prince_n whatsoever_o and_o yet_o the_o same_o be_v in_o time_n when_o the_o navy_n of_o england_n be_v not_o so_o strong_a as_o now_o by_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n and_o good_a providence_n of_o his_o majesty_n it_o be_v that_o this_o course_n be_v then_o so_o take_v it_o appear_v by_o divers_a record_n viz._n 23._o ed._n 1._o m._n 4._o 4._o the_o record_n recite_v that_o the_o french_a king_n have_v prepare_v a_o great_a navy_n upon_o the_o sea_n and_o purpose_v to_o invade_v the_o kingdom_n et_fw-la linguam_fw-la anglicanam_fw-la de_fw-la terra_fw-la delere_fw-la and_o thereupon_o the_o king_n command_v all_o his_o ship_n and_o man_n with_o arm_n to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n scot._n 10._o edw._n 3._o m._n 16._o 16._o recite_v that_o certain_a galley_n in_o the_o part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v prepare_v with_o provision_n of_o man_n and_o arm_n and_o other_o necessary_n of_o war_n and_o ready_a to_o invade_v the_o land_n command_n be_v that_o divers_a ship_n shall_v be_v in_o a_o readiness_n to_o defend_v and_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o port_n of_o ireland_n to_o be_v send_v to_o england_n to_o help_v to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n 22._o scot._n 10._o edw._n 3._o m._n 22._o a_o writ_n be_v to_o the_o bailiff_n of_o southwales_n recite_v that_o the_o scot_n and_o divers_a other_o confederate_v together_o prepare_v themselves_o to_o arm_n and_o ship_n in_o a_o great_a number_n and_o intend_v to_o invade_v the_o kingdom_n command_v to_o they_o be_v to_o have_v one_o ship_n ready_a upon_o the_o sea_n to_o defend_v their_o coast_n 10._o alman_n 12._o edw._n 3._o m._n 10._o a_o writ_n to_o the_o maior_fw-la of_o london_n quia_fw-la host_fw-la nostri_fw-la in_o galley_n cum_fw-la multitudine_fw-la non_fw-la modica_fw-la congregati_fw-la in_fw-la diversis_fw-la partibus_fw-la regni_fw-la hostiliter_fw-la ingressi_fw-la sunt_fw-la and_o civitatem_fw-la praedict_n praedict_n celeriter_fw-la si_fw-la possunt_fw-la invadere_fw-la proponunt_fw-la the_o king_n command_v they_o to_o shut_v up_o the_o city_n towards_o the_o water_n and_o to_o put_v all_o their_o man_n in_o arm_n ready_a to_o defend_v etc._n etc._n 13._o alman_n 12._o edw._n 3._o m._n 13._o a_o writ_n to_o the_o bailiff_n of_o great_a yarmouth_n quia_fw-la pro_fw-la certo_fw-la didicimus_fw-la quòd_fw-la host_fw-la nostri_fw-la francia_fw-la and_o adhaerentes_fw-la eisdem_fw-la gallias_n and_o nave_n guerrinâ—s_n in_fw-la copiosa_fw-la multitudine_fw-la in_fw-la partibus_fw-la exteris_fw-la congregarunt_fw-la and_o eis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la ad_fw-la arma_fw-la and_o alia_fw-la arma_fw-la parare_fw-la faciunt_fw-la and_o proponunt_fw-la se_fw-la movere_fw-la versus_fw-la regnum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la and_o navigium_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la and_o portus_fw-la prope_fw-la mare_fw-la scituat_fw-la scituat_fw-la pro_fw-la viribus_fw-la destruere_fw-la and_o idem_fw-la regnum_fw-la invadere_fw-la etc._n etc._n command_v to_o the_o say_a town_n to_o prepare_v four_o ship_n with_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o man_n etc._n etc._n at_o the_o same_o time_n like_o writ_n go_v out_o to_o twenty_o other_o town_n upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n franc._n 26._o edw._n 3._o m._n 5._o 5._o a_o writ_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o hunt_n and_o other_o quia_fw-la adversarii_fw-la nostri_fw-la francia_fw-la nos_fw-la et_fw-la regnum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la invadere_fw-la machinantes_fw-la magnum_fw-la navigium_fw-la parari_fw-la fecer_n fecer_n and_o armari_fw-la nedum_fw-la ad_fw-la regnum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la angliae_fw-la subitò_fw-la attrahend_v attrahend_v ad_fw-la nos_fw-la and_o domin_fw-la domin_fw-la nostr'_fw-la and_o totam_fw-la nationem_fw-la anglicanam_fw-la pro_fw-la viribus_fw-la subvertend_v subvertend_v etc._n etc._n command_v they_o to_o guard_v all_o the_o coast_n of_o kent_n and_o to_o array_v all_o able_a man_n with_o arm_n to_o be_v ready_a to_o defend_v the_o sea_n coast_n 5._o henr._n 4._o m._n 28._o 28._o a_o commission_n be_v to_o thomas_n morley_n and_o other_o quòd_fw-la cum_fw-la inimici_fw-la nostri_fw-la francia_fw-la britan._n scotiae_fw-la and_o alii_fw-la sibi_fw-la adhaerentes_fw-la inter_fw-la se_fw-la obligat_fw-la magna_fw-la potentia_fw-la armat_fw-la armat_fw-la super_fw-la mare_fw-la in_fw-la aestate_fw-la proxim_fw-la proxim_fw-la futur_fw-la futur_fw-la ordinaverunt_fw-la and_o intendunt_fw-la regnum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la angliae_fw-la invadere_fw-la etc._n etc._n command_v they_o to_o array_v man_n with_o arm_n to_o defend_v etc._n etc._n 4_o henr._n 8._o pars_fw-la 2._o 2._o the_o king_n by_o proclamation_n into_o the_o county_n of_o kent_n show_v that_o it_o be_v come_v to_o his_o knowledge_n of_o certain_a that_o his_o ancient_a enemy_n the_o french_a king_n have_v prepare_v and_o put_v in_o readiness_n a_o great_a
and_o strong_a navy_n furnish_v with_o man_n of_o war_n to_o invade_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n the_o king_n appoint_v the_o lord_n of_o alburgeny_n and_o other_o to_o put_v man_n in_o array_n and_o to_o be_v ready_a to_o defend_v that_o county_n anno_fw-la 1588._o when_o the_o great_a invasion_n be_v by_o the_o navy_n term_v the_o invincible_a navy_n which_o be_v foresee_v long_o before_o this_o course_n of_o prepare_v ship_n by_o every_o county_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v not_o take_v or_o appoint_v yet_o in_o all_o these_o time_n when_o there_o appear_v such_o danger_n of_o invasion_n there_o never_o go_v any_o such_o writ_n into_o any_o the_o county_n of_o england_n to_o provide_v ship_n but_o the_o navy_n of_o england_n and_o the_o army_n of_o england_n be_v always_o account_v sufficient_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o i_o conclude_v this_o point_n that_o i_o conceive_v this_o course_n can_v be_v take_v by_o any_o prerogative_n or_o royal_a power_n nor_o any_o allegation_n of_o necessity_n or_o danger_n for_o the_o four_o point_n i_o conceive_v that_o if_o it_o be_v legal_a to_o lay_v such_o a_o charge_n upon_o maritine_a part_n yet_o to_o charge_v any_o inland_a county_n with_o make_v of_o ship_n and_o furnish_v they_o with_o master_n mariner_n and_o soldier_n at_o their_o charge_n which_o be_v far_o remote_a from_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o legal_a nor_o warrant_v by_o any_o former_a precedent_n for_o it_o command_v a_o unreasonable_a and_o impossible_a thing_n and_o then_o the_o writ_n command_v such_o a_o thing_n as_o be_v unreasonable_a and_o not_o possible_a for_o the_o party_n command_v of_o themselves_o to_o perform_v without_o help_n of_o other_o county_n be_v always_o illegal_a for_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n that_o lex_fw-la non_fw-la cogit_fw-la ad_fw-la impossibilia_fw-la therefore_o if_o one_o by_o covenant_n bind_v himself_o to_o do_v a_o thing_n impossible_a the_o covenant_n be_v void_a this_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n case_n in_o 40._o ed._n 3._o fo._n 6._o where_o the_o case_n be_v express_o that_o if_o a_o man_n do_v covenant_n to_o do_v a_o thing_n that_o be_v impossible_a the_o covenant_n be_v void_a and_o the_o deed_n be_v void_a in_o that_o respect_n also_o the_o book_n in_o 2._o ed._n 4._o fol._n 2._o if_o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v upon_o condition_n to_o be_v void_a if_o the_o feoffee_n do_v not_o a_o thing_n which_o be_v impossible_a this_o feoffment_n be_v good_a and_o the_o condition_n void_a for_o it_o be_v the_o fault_n of_o the_o feoffor_n to_o annex_v such_o a_o condition_n and_o this_o appear_v by_o the_o case_n of_o a_o arbitrement_n if_o the_o arbitrator_n award_v that_o one_o shall_v enter_v into_o bond_n with_o such_o a_o one_o as_o his_o surety_n to_o pay_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n or_o to_o do_v any_o other_o act_n it_o be_v void_a as_o to_o the_o find_n of_o a_o surety_n at_o the_o least_o for_o it_o be_v not_o in_o his_o power_n to_o compel_v he_o to_o be_v his_o surety_n therefore_o the_o law_n account_v it_o unreasonable_a and_o so_o void_a and_o this_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n case_n 17._o ed._n 4._o fol._n 5._o wherein_o it_o be_v so_o resolve_v so_o this_o writ_n command_v the_o sheriff_n and_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o inland_a county_n to_o find_v a_o ship_n furnish_v with_o master_n and_o mariner_n whereas_o there_o be_v not_o any_o shipwright_n that_o have_v skill_n to_o make_v ship_n nor_o any_o master_n or_o mariner_n ever_o there_o inhabit_v to_o guide_v a_o ship_n for_o they_o be_v still_o conversant_a about_o matter_n of_o the_o plough_n and_o feed_v cattle_n and_o husbandry_n and_o be_v train_v up_o by_o muster_n for_o skill_n of_o arm_n to_o defend_v the_o country_n and_o not_o with_o sea_n affair_n for_o most_o of_o the_o county_n never_o see_v a_o ship_n nor_o know_v what_o belong_v to_o master_n or_o mariner_n of_o ship_n and_o the_o country_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o seek_v man_n out_o of_o the_o county_n for_o such_o man_n and_o perhaps_o if_o they_o shall_v they_o can_v know_v where_o to_o hire_v they_o therefore_o when_o such_o writ_n to_o inland_a county_n have_v be_v award_v to_o find_v a_o ship_n with_o master_n and_o mariner_n it_o be_v conceive_v by_o misinformation_n that_o they_o be_v maritine_a town_n and_o have_v ship_n and_o mariner_n dwell_v with_o they_o the_o truth_n thereof_o be_v make_v to_o appear_v to_o the_o contrary_a they_o have_v be_v discharge_v as_o appear_v by_o a_o record_n in_o 13._o edw._n 3._o pars_fw-la 2._o m._n 14._o where_o a_o writ_n go_v to_o the_o admiral_n of_o the_o fleet_n those_o part_n upon_o complaint_n to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o man_n of_o bodmin_n in_o the_o county_n of_o cornwall_n that_o they_o be_v unjust_o charge_v to_o find_v a_o ship_n with_o master_n and_o mariner_n whereas_o that_o town_n be_v no_o port_n town_n nor_o adjoin_v to_o the_o sea_n but_o far_o within_o the_o land_n nor_o ever_o have_v ship_n lie_v there_o nor_o mariner_n nor_o seaman_n nor_o ever_o use_v to_o find_v any_o such_o for_o sea_n service_n and_o that_o their_o maior_fw-la and_o officer_n be_v imprison_v for_o not_o find_v such_o a_o ship_n thereupon_o the_o king_n appoint_v to_o have_v it_o inquire_v whether_o their_o allegation_n be_v true_a and_o if_o it_o be_v true_a signify_v that_o he_o will_v not_o have_v they_o so_o unjust_o charge_v but_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v discharge_v thereof_o which_o show_v that_o it_o be_v then_o account_v unjust_a to_o lay_v such_o a_o charge_n upon_o a_o town_n that_o be_v a_o inland_a town_n and_o have_v no_o mariner_n inhabit_v in_o it_o much_o more_o when_o such_o a_o charge_n be_v upon_o a_o inland_a county_n which_o be_v much_o further_a remote_a from_o the_o sea_n and_o can_v perform_v by_o themselves_o that_o which_o the_o writ_n command_v ob._n but_o this_o record_n be_v object_v by_o the_o defendant_n council_n master_n solicitor_n give_v answer_v that_o the_o same_o be_v because_o the_o admiral_n of_o his_o own_o authority_n have_v charge_v they_o which_o be_v not_o according_a to_o his_o commission_n for_o he_o be_v only_o to_o charge_v the_o port_n and_o sea_n town_n but_o that_o the_o same_o may_v not_o be_v do_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n the_o record_n do_v not_o prove_v sol._n but_o to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v all_o one_o when_o such_o a_o charge_n be_v lay_v upon_o a_o town_n by_o writ_n which_o be_v a_o inland_a town_n for_o so_o it_o appear_v by_o another_o record_n of_o the_o same_o year_n viz._n 13._o edw._n 3._o pars_fw-la 1._o m._n 14._o where_o a_o writ_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o admiral_n of_o the_o fleet_n ab_fw-la ore_fw-la thamesiae_fw-la versus_fw-la partes_fw-la occidentales_fw-la recite_v where_o the_o king_n by_o his_o writ_n to_o the_o town_n of_o chichester_n have_v command_v the_o maior_fw-la and_o commonalty_n there_o that_o they_o shall_v make_v unam_fw-la navem_fw-la and_o duos_fw-la escularios_fw-la de_fw-la guerra_fw-la parari_fw-la with_o mariner_n and_o man_n at_o arm_n to_o be_v at_o portsmouth_n such_o a_o day_n to_o go_v with_o the_o king_n ship_n and_o that_o they_o have_v complain_v that_o they_o have_v not_o nor_o ever_o have_v any_o ship_n arrive_v in_o that_o town_n nor_o have_v any_o seaman_n or_o mariner_n dwell_v there_o and_o that_o it_o appear_v unto_o the_o king_n by_o inquisition_n of_o a_o jury_n return_v into_o his_o chancery_n this_o allegation_n to_o be_v true_a therefore_o because_o the_o king_n will_v not_o have_v they_o indebitè_fw-fr praegravari_fw-la for_o so_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o record_n the_o king_n command_v the_o admiral_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v trouble_v nor_o distrain_v for_o not_o performance_n of_o such_o service_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o if_o they_o be_v within_o few_o mile_n of_o the_o sea_n shall_v not_o be_v charge_v to_o find_v such_o a_o ship_n much_o more_o inland_a county_n which_o be_v much_o further_a remote_a from_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o just_o to_o be_v charge_v with_o find_v any_o ship_n and_o mariner_n therefore_o i_o conclude_v this_o point_n that_o i_o conceive_v this_o writ_n in_o that_o respect_n be_v not_o legal_a not_o warrant_v by_o any_o former_a precedent_n the_o five_o and_o great_a point_n have_v be_v and_o indeed_o the_o chief_a argument_n have_v be_v a_o multitude_n of_o record_n and_o precedent_n which_o have_v be_v cite_v that_o shall_v warrant_v these_o writ_n and_o that_o the_o king_n have_v do_v nothing_o but_o what_o his_o former_a progenitor_n have_v do_v and_o have_v lawful_o do_v and_o that_o he_o do_v now_o but_o more_o majorum_fw-la and_o that_o which_o always_o in_o ancient_a time_n have_v be_v do_v and_o allow_v and_o therefore_o ought_v now_o to_o be_v allow_v i_o confess_v this_o