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ambassador_n send_v thither_o who_o die_v thus_o for_o the_o public_a the_o senate_n generous_o appoint_v statue_n to_o be_v erect_v in_o their_o honour_n this_o war_n in_o the_o beginning_n prove_v so_o dangerous_a and_o threaten_a to_o the_o roman_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o create_v a_o dictator_n to_o manage_v it_o 316._o mamercus_n aemilius_n be_v the_o person_n who_o make_v choice_n of_o quinctius_n ciâ—cinnatus_n a_o eminent_a youth_n of_o the_o city_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n aemilius_z the_o dictator_n obtain_v a_o great_a victory_n over_o the_o enemy_n in_o which_o battle_n cornelius_n cossus_n a_o tribune_n in_o the_o army_n slay_v king_n tâ—lumnius_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v obtain_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o opima_fw-la spolia_fw-la or_o royal_a spoil_n which_o be_v the_o only_a spoil_n of_o that_o nature_n since_o the_o reign_n of_o romulus_n these_o spoil_n be_v a_o great_a grace_n to_o aemilius_n triumph_n and_o a_o great_a honour_n to_o cossus_n they_o be_v with_o extraordinary_a pomp_n and_o ceremony_n consecrate_v to_o jupiter_n feretrius_n two_o year_n after_o this_o there_o happen_v a_o great_a plague_n in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o fidenates_n and_o veientes_n press_v so_o hard_o upon_o the_o roman_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o have_v recourse_n to_o another_o dictator_n 318._o and_o servilius_n priscus_n be_v create_v who_o choose_v aebutius_n elva_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n servilius_z be_v so_o successful_a as_o not_o only_o to_o drive_v the_o enemy_n back_o but_o to_o take_v the_o town_n of_o fidenae_n which_o he_o do_v by_o a_o mine_n the_o take_n of_o fidenae_n be_v so_o disadvantageous_a to_o the_o enemy_n that_o the_o veientes_n send_v to_o all_o their_o neighbour_n about_o for_o succour_n threaten_v no_o less_o than_o entire_a destruction_n to_o rome_n these_o formidable_a preparation_n put_v the_o roman_n upon_o create_v another_o dictator_n a_o little_a above_o a_o year_n after_o the_o last_o 319._o which_o be_v aemilius_n who_o have_v be_v dictator_n three_o year_n before_o and_o he_o choose_v posthumius_fw-la tubertus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n in_o a_o short_a time_n the_o roman_n find_v that_o the_o veientes_n can_v procure_v no_o aid_n so_o the_o dictator_n have_v little_a employment_n abroad_o but_o resolve_v to_o do_v something_o at_o home_n he_o cause_v the_o censorship_n to_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o year_n and_o a_o half_a which_o be_v eight_o year_n after_o its_o first_o institution_n and_o then_o lay_v down_o his_o office_n the_o censor_n from_o this_o take_v a_o occasion_n to_o remove_v he_o out_o of_o his_o tribe_n which_o so_o enrage_v the_o people_n that_o the_o next_o time_n they_o procure_v military_a tribune_n to_o be_v bring_v in_o again_o after_o there_o have_v be_v consul_n four_o year_n and_o in_o this_o election_n notwithstanding_o the_o great_a industry_n of_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n they_o
also_o perform_v many_o great_a action_n overthrow_v the_o samnite_n and_o storm_a two_o of_o their_o camp_n which_o success_n so_o elevate_v he_o that_o he_o immediate_o stand_v for_o the_o consulship_n and_o obtain_v it_o have_v the_o honour_n likewise_o of_o finish_v this_o dangerous_a war_n nigh_o three_o year_n after_o it_o be_v begin_v a_o war_n so_o destructive_a that_o it_o consume_v above_o â—00000_n of_o the_o youth_n of_o italy_n according_a to_o paterculus_n this_o war_n be_v end_v with_o a_o disturbance_n in_o the_o city_n about_o usury_n and_o the_o unexpected_a privilege_n of_o the_o conquer_a italian_n who_o have_v the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n give_v they_o just_a as_o the_o other_o have_v a_o short_a time_n before_o and_o so_o all_o thing_n be_v happy_o quiet_v v._o but_o quiet_a and_o peace_n be_v too_o great_a a_o happiness_n for_o rome_n at_o this_o time_n 666._o for_o the_o social_n war_n be_v scarce_o finish_v when_o two_o other_o break_v out_o one_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o other_o this_o first_o be_v with_o mithridates_n king_n of_o pontus_n in_o asia_n minor_n a_o prince_n famous_a for_o his_o knowledge_n and_o learning_n mighty_a in_o riches_n and_o power_n of_o a_o boundless_a ambition_n and_o a_o former_a of_o vast_a design_n this_o king_n by_o several_a action_n have_v gain_v the_o enmity_n of_o ronie_n particular_o by_o procure_v tigranes_n king_n of_o armenia_n to_o declare_v against_o the_o roman_a state_n and_o by_o his_o overrun_v his_o neighbour_n the_o bithynian_o phrygian_n mysias_n lycian_n pamphylian_o and_o other_o ally_n of_o rome_n and_o which_o be_v more_o provoke_v than_o all_o the_o rest_n he_o have_v take_v q._n opius_n and_o aquilius_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o he_o kill_v by_o pour_v melt_v gold_n down_o his_o throat_n continual_o upbraid_v the_o roman_n with_o avarice_n and_o corruption_n upon_o all_o these_o account_n the_o roman_n proclaim_v war_n against_o he_o and_o sylla_n and_o pompeius_n rufus_n be_v 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exigency_n for_o they_o be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o have_v any_o other_o go_v on_o that_o expedition_n from_o which_o they_o promise_v themselves_o such_o great_a advantage_n his_o colleague_n pompey_n join_v with_o he_o and_o though_o marius_n and_o sulpicius_n the_o tribune_n make_v all_o possible_a opposition_n yet_o after_o some_o difficulty_n and_o bloodshed_n they_o enter_v d_o the_o city_n and_o marius_n with_o his_o accomplice_n be_v force_v to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n and_o thus_o begin_v the_o other_o war_n which_o be_v the_o first_o civil_a war_n of_o any_o note_n among_o the_o roman_n as_o the_o trouble_n of_o the_o gracchi_n be_v the_o first_o in_o which_o there_o have_v be_v any_o bloodshed_n of_o note_n sylla_n do_v no_o injury_n to_o the_o citizen_n in_o general_n but_o reverse_v all_o that_o sulpicius_n have_v do_v regulate_v the_o senate_n procure_v marius_n sulpicius_n and_o ten_o other_o lead_v man_n to_o be_v declare_v open_a enemy_n to_o their_o country_n make_v it_o lawful_a for_o any_o person_n to_o kill_v they_o and_o set_v their_o good_n to_o public_a sale_n short_o after_o this_o he_o depart_v upon_o his_o expedition_n against_o mithridates_n who_o now_o have_v very_o much_o extend_v his_o conquest_n even_o to_o the_o subdue_a a_o great_a part_n of_o greece_n itself_o sulpicius_n be_v in_o a_o short_a time_n take_v and_o put_v to_o death_n but_o marius_n hide_v himself_o in_o the_o fen_n of_o minturnum_n where_o be_v discover_v a_o gaul_n be_v send_v to_o kill_v he_o but_o he_o be_v so_o dash_v and_o amaze_v at_o the_o nobleness_n of_o his_o presence_n that_o he_o can_v not_o perform_v his_o order_n so_o that_o marius_n be_v convey_v out_o of_o that_o place_n escape_v into_o africa_n where_o he_o be_v join_v by_o cethegus_n and_o other_o who_o have_v flee_v into_o numidia_n expect_v a_o convenient_a opportunity_n to_o invade_v their_o own_o country_n pompeius_n rufus_n the_o consul_n to_o secure_a italy_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n appoint_v to_o receive_v and_o command_v the_o army_n of_o pompeius_n strabo_n who_o have_v do_v great_a service_n in_o the_o social_n war_n and_o have_v so_o far_o gain_v the_o affection_n of_o his_o man_n that_o they_o find_v they_o be_v like_a to_o part_v with_o their_o old_a general_n stand_v up_o and_o slay_v the_o counsul_n himself_o so_o that_o now_o there_o be_v great_a danger_n and_o disturbance_n in_o all_o part_n cornelius_z cinna_z and_o c._n octavius_n be_v make_v consul_n for_o the_o follow_a year_n cinna_n corrupt_v as_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n immediate_o declare_v himself_o for_o the_o new_a citizen_n and_o recall_v d_o marius_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o exile_n which_o action_n be_v so_o violent_o oppose_v by_o his_o colleague_n octavius_n that_o cinna_n be_v by_o force_n drive_v from_o the_o city_n and_o merula_n put_v in_o his_o place_n cinna_n upon_o this_o go_v about_o to_o the_o italian_a people_n by_o give_v they_o fresh_a hope_n of_o 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find_v they_o can_v not_o recall_v sylla_n from_o country_n so_o far_o distant_a send_v to_o metellus_n then_o lie_v with_o a_o army_n in_o samnium_n but_o he_o differ_v with_o they_o about_o some_o condition_n short_o after_o join_v himself_o with_o marius_n at_o which_o time_n the_o city_n be_v nigh_o be_v betray_v by_o ap._n claudius_n a_o tribune_n of_o the_o army_n who_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o command_n of_o the_o janiculum_n but_o though_o he_o and_o cinna_n break_v in_o they_o be_v repel_v by_o octavius_n and_o pompeius_n strabo_n the_o proconsul_n who_o be_v short_o after_o kill_v with_o a_o thunderbolt_n marius_n after_o this_o take_v in_o several_a town_n about_o rome_n where_o provision_n lie_v and_o cinna_z by_o the_o fair_a promise_n of_o liberty_n draw_v great_a number_n of_o slave_n out_o of_o the_o city_n which_o the_o senate_n perceive_v dispatch_v ambassador_n to_o cinna_n and_o marius_n desire_v they_o to_o come_v into_o the_o city_n peaceable_o and_o spare_v 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antonius_n marcus_n antiochian_a war_n or_o the_o war_n with_o antiochus_n king_n of_o syria_n 221_o to_o 224_o antonius_n caius_n the_o consul_n defeat_v catiline_n 288_o antonius_n marcus_n his_o management_n in_o relation_n to_o julius_n caesar_n '_o s_o death_n 375_o to_o 378._o his_o attempt_n of_o raise_v himself_o 379_o 380_o 381._o be_v beat_v at_o mutina_n 382._o he_o join_v in_o the_o second_o triumvirate_n 384_o 385._o his_o act_n against_o bâ—utus_n and_o cassius_n 391_o 392._o his_o eastern_a journey_n 396_o 397._o fall_v in_o love_n with_o cleopatra_n 399._o his_o luxurious_a and_o prodigal_a life_n with_o she_o 403_o 404_o 416_o to_o 419._o his_o marriage_n with_o octavia_n 405._o his_o ill_a success_n against_o the_o parthian_n 414._o fall_v out_o with_o octavius_n 417_o etc._n etc._n he_o challenge_v octavius_n twice_o 421_o 429._o be_v beat_v by_o he_o at_o actium_n 424_o 425._o treat_v with_o octavius_n 427._o his_o dispair_n death_n and_o character_n 430_o 431_o 432_o antonius_n lucius_n his_o brother_n raises_z a_o war_n against_o octavius_n and_o be_v worsted_n 401_o 402_o 403_o appius_n one_o of_o the_o decemvirate_n his_o ambitius_fw-la design_n 111_o 112._o his_o tyranny_n lust_n and_o death_n 116_o to_o 119_o archimedes_n his_o famous_a work_n and_o death_n 209_o aristobulus_n king_n of_o judaea_n conquer_v by_o pompey_n 282_o 283_o augustus_n caesar_n see_v octavius_n author_n see_v writer_n b._n battle_n the_o principal_a be_v at_o actium_n 423_o 424_o 425._o at_o allia_n 137._o at_o cannae_n 205_o 206._o at_o dyrrachium_fw-la 339_o 340._o at_o munda_n 363_o 364._o at_o phaâ—salia_n 343_o to_o 348._o at_o philippi_n 392_o 393._o at_o trebia_n 200_o 201._o at_o thrasimene_n 202._o at_o regillus_n 76_o 77._o at_o zama_n 216_o 217_o brutus_n decimus_n one_o of_o the_o conspirator_n with_o m._n brutus_n against_o julius_n caesar_n his_o action_n and_o death_n 381_o 382_o brutus_n lucius_z junius_z his_o politic_a design_n 49_o 50._o he_o everthrow_v the_o kingdom_n of_o rome_n 52_o to_o 55._o cause_n the_o execution_n of_o he_o own_v son_n 62_o 63._o his_o death_n brutus_n marcus_z join_v with_o pompey_n 332._o together_o with_o cassius_n conspire_v against_o julius_n caesar_n and_o kill_v he_o 370_o to_o 373._o his_o and_o cassius_z '_o s_o success_n in_o the_o east_n 389_o 390._o see_v a_o ghost_n and_o his_o discourse_n with_o cassius_n concern_v it_o 390_o 391._o another_o discourse_n with_o he_o before_o the_o battle_n at_o philippi_n 391_o 392._o both_o their_o defeat_n and_o death_n 392_o 393_o 394_o c._n caesar_n see_v both_o julius_n and_o octavius_n calpurnia_n wife_n to_o julius_n caesar_n her_o dream_n 372_o calpurnius_n flemma_n his_o great_a valour_n 185_o camillus_n furius_n take_v the_o city_n of_o veii_n 132_o 133._o his_o extraordinary_a generosity_n at_o falerii_n 134._o his_o banishment_n 135._o he_o save_v his_o country_n 141_o 142._o he_o after_o act_n both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o 142_o to_o 149_o capitolinus_n see_v manlius_n capitolinus_n carthaginian_a war_n see_v punick_o war._n cassius_n the_o consul_n his_o ambitious_a design_n and_o death_n 95_o 96_o cassius_n the_o praetor_n surrender_v his_o fleet_n to_o julius_n caesar_n 350._o for_o his_o other_o action_n see_v brutus_n marcus_n catiline_n his_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o state_n 283_o 284._o be_v repremand_v by_o cicero_n and_o leave_v the_o city_n 285._o be_v defeat_v and_o slay_v 288_o cato_n porcius_n the_o elder_a his_o behaviour_n towards_o the_o woman_n and_o his_o soldier_n 221._o and_o towards_o scipio_n africanus_n 225._o his_o great_a enmity_n to_o carthage_n 230_o cato_n porcius_n the_o young_a his_o grandson_n his_o management_n in_o catiline_n '_o s_o conspiracy_n 287_o 288._o oppose_v pompey_n 291._o and_o julius_n caesar_n 292._o his_o opinion_n concern_v bribery_n 296._o he_o be_v send_v from_o rome_n by_o clodius_n '_o s_z mean_n 300._o his_o nice_a advice_n in_o pompey_n '_o s_o camp_n 332_o 333._o his_o remarkable_a death_n 358_o 359_o caudium_n the_o dishonourable_a treaty_n and_o its_o effect_n 164_o 165_o cicero_n the_o renown_a orator_n procure_v pompey_n his_o first_o great_a authority_n 277._o his_o skilful_a management_n in_o catiline_n '_o s_o conspiracy_n 284_o to_o 288._o his_o banishment_n 299_o 300._o his_o restoration_n 303_o 304._o plead_v for_o milo_n in_o vain_a 314._o desire_v a_o triumph_n without_o success_n 319_o 320._o procure_v anthony_n to_o be_v declare_v enemy_n to_o the_o state_n 381._o his_o death_n by_o the_o second_o triumvirate_n and_o character_n 385_o 386_o cimbrian_a war_n 251_o 252_o cincinnatus_n quintius_n be_v choose_v consul_n and_o dictator_n both_o time_n from_o the_o blow_n 105_o 106_o cinna_n the_o consul_n join_v with_o marius_n and_o act_n in_o the_o first_o civil_a war_n 259_o etc._n etc._n his_o death_n 263_o cisalpine-gallick_n war_n 195_o 196_o civil_a war_n the_o first_o between_o marius_n and_o sylla_n 258_o to_o 271._o the_o second_o between_o julius_n caesar_n and_o pompey_n 321_o to_o 348._o continue_v by_o cato_n and_o pompey_n '_o s_z son_n 357_o to_o 364._o the_o three_o between_o the_o second_o triumvirate_n and_o brutus_n and_o cassius_n 389_o to_o 394._o the_o four_o between_o octavius_n caesar_n and_o m._n anthony_n 420_o to_o 432_o clelia_n her_o great_a bravery_n 68_o 69_o cleopatra_n queen_n of_o egypt_n her_o interview_n with_o julius_n caesar_n 352._o the_o favour_n she_o receive_v from_o he_o 355._o her_o character_n and_o famous_a interview_n with_o m._n anthony_n 397_o 398_o 399._o her_o management_n of_o he_o 403_o 404_o 415._o her_o prodigality_n 416_o 417._o her_o great_a design_n 425_o 426._o treat_v with_o octavius_n 427._o she_o retire_v to_o the_o temple_n of_o isis_n 428._o her_o carriage_n towards_o octavius_n 434_o 435._o her_o lamentation_n over_o anthony_n '_o be_v tomb_n and_o death_n 436_o 437_o clodius_n his_o attempt_n upon_o julius_n caesar_n '_o s_o wife_n 289._o his_o tribuneship_n 298_o 299_o 300._o the_o disturbance_n raise_v by_o he_o 303_o 304._o his_o death_n by_o milo_n 358_o 359_o coecles_n horatius_n his_o extraordinary_a valour_n 67_o commander_n see_v general_n coriolanus_z marcius_n his_o great_a valour_n 86_o 87._o his_o behaviour_n exasperate_v the_o people_n 88_o his_o trial_n and_o banishment_n 89_o 90._o turn_v against_o his_o country_n with_o great_a success_n 91_o 92_o 93._o be_v persuade_v by_o his_o mother_n to_o desist_v and_o be_v afterward_o slay_v 94_o corvus_n or_o corvinus_n see_v valerius_n corvus_n crassus_n his_o suppression_n of_o spartacus_n 272._o he_o join_v in_o the_o first_o triumvirate_n 293._o gain_v the_o consulship_n with_o pompey_n by_o force_n 305._o his_o eastern_a expedition_n overthrow_n and_o death_n 311_o 312_o curiatij_n see_v horatij_n and_o curiatij_n curio_n his_o serviceable_a assistance_n to_o julius_n caesar_n 318_o 319._o his_o death_n 331_o curius_n dentatus_n overthrow_v pyrrhus_n 177_o 178_o cursor_n see_v papirius_n cursor_n curtius_n his_o incredible_a bravery_n 150_o d._n decimus_n brutus_n see_v brutus_n decimus_n decius_n must_n his_o die_a for_o his_o country_n 158_o decius_n must_n his_o son_n his_o same_o practice_n 168_o dentatus_n see_v curius_n dentatus_n and_o siccius_n dentatus_n drusus_n his_o unfortunate_a attempt_n and_o death_n 254_o f._n fabii_n their_o generosity_n valour_n and_o destruction_n 98_o 99_o fabius_n maximus_n his_o cautious_a proceed_n against_o hannibal_n 203_o 204_o 205_o fabricius_n his_o great_a steadiness_n and_o generosity_n 173_o 174_o 175_o flemma_n see_v calpurnius_n flemma_n fulvia_n m._n anthony_n '_o be_v wife_n her_o hatred_n to_o cicero_n 386._o raise_v a_o civil_a war_n against_o octavius_n 401._o her_o death_n 405_o g._n general_n or_o commander_n the_o principal_a be_v romulus_n tullus_n hostilius_n ancus_n marcius_n tarqvinius_n priscus_n coriolanus_n cincinnatus_n camillus_n manlius_n papirius_n cursor_n and_o curius_n dentatus_n among_o the_o ancient_a roman_n among_o the_o late_a be_v fabius_n maximus_n marcellus_n scipio_n the_o great_a scipio_n the_o less_o aemilius_n paulus_n marius_n sylla_n sertorius_n lucullus_n pompey_n julius_n caesar_n and_o m._n anthony_n gracchus_n the_o elder_a or_o tiberius_n his_o law_n seditious_a attempt_n and_o death_n 237_o to_o 240_o gracchus_n the_o young_a or_o caius_n his_o many_o attempt_n and_o alteration_n in_o the_o state_n and_o death_n 241_o to_o 246_o gaul_n their_o principal_a war_n with_o the_o roman_n 135_o to_o 142_o h._n hannibal_n the_o carthaginian_a general_n his_o march_n over_o the_o alps_o 199_o 200._o beat_v the_o roman_n at_o ticenum_n and_o at_o trebia_n 200_o 201._o at_o thrasimene_n 202_o 203._o and_o at_o cannae_n 205_o 206._o he_o decline_v 207_o to_o 213._o be_v entire_o beat_v by_o scipio_n 216_o 217._o he_o after_o act_n 222_o 223._o his_o death_n and_o reflection_n upon_o the_o roman_n 226_o herod_n king_n of_o judaea_n his_o submission_n to_o octavius_n and_o cruelty_n to_o his_o wife_n 426_o 427_o hersilia_n her_o generous_a
behaviour_n 14_o horatij_n and_o curiatij_n their_o combat_n for_o their_o country_n 27_o 28_o horatius_n coecles_n see_v coecles_n horatius_n hortensia_n her_o behaviour_n and_o speech_n to_o the_o second_o triumvirate_n 387_o 388_o i._n janus_n its_o temple_n build_v and_o shut_v the_o first_o time_n by_o numa_n pompilius_n 21._o a_o second_o time_n 193._o the_o three_o time_n by_o octavius_n 437_o 438_o illyrian_a war_n 193_o 194_o italian_a war_n see_v social_n war._n jugurthine_n war_n 248_o to_o 251_o julius_n caesar_n his_o danger_n in_o sylla_n '_o s_o proscription_n 266._o he_o favour_v pompey_n '_o s_z first_o great_a authority_n 277._o his_o behaviour_n in_o relation_n to_o catiline_n '_o s_o conspiracy_n 286_o 287._o his_o rise_n and_o act_n in_o spain_n 288_o 289_o 290._o he_o quit_v his_o triumph_n and_o join_v with_o pompey_n and_o crassus_n in_o the_o first_o triumvirate_n 292_o 293._o his_o consulship_n 296_o 297_o 298._o his_o expedition_n against_o the_o gaul_n german_n britain_n &c._n &c._n 300_o to_o 304._o and_o 306_o to_o 310_o and_o 315_o 316._o fall_v out_o with_o pompey_n and_o the_o senate_n and_o become_v master_n of_o all_o italy_n 320_o to_o 327._o his_o expedition_n against_o afranius_n and_o petreus_n in_o spain_n 328_o to_o 331._o against_o pompey_n in_o illyricum_n 333_o to_o 341._o and_o in_o thessaly_n 342_o to_o 348._o his_o war_n in_o egypt_n and_o love_n to_o cleopatra_n 351_o to_o 355._o against_o pharnaces_n in_o asia_n 356_o 357._o against_o cato_n and_o other_o in_o africa_n 357_o 358_o 359._o his_o magnificent_a triumph_n 360_o 361._o he_o regulate_v the_o roman_a year_n 361_o 362._o his_o expedition_n against_o pompey_n '_o s_z son_n in_o spain_n 362_o 363_o 364._o his_o great_a honour_n and_o act_n at_o rome_n 365_o to_o 370._o his_o death_n and_o character_n 371_o to_o 374._o his_o remarkable_a funeral_n 377_o 378_o 379_o l._n lepidus_n join_v in_o the_o second_o triumvirate_n with_o octavius_n and_o m._n anthony_n 384_o 385._o he_o be_v confine_v to_o africa_n by_o octavius_n 406._o and_o after_o that_o banish_a by_o he_o 411_o lucius_n junius_n brutus_n see_v brutus_n lucius_z junius_z lucretia_n her_o rape_n and_o voluntary_a death_n 51_o 52_o lucullus_n his_o act_n and_o success_n against_o mithridates_n 271_o etc._n etc._n be_v stop_v in_o his_o progress_n by_o the_o senate_n 274._o fall_v out_o with_o pompey_n 278_o m._n macedonian_a war_n the_o first_o 218_o to_o 221._o the_o second_o 226_o to_o 229_o maelius_n his_o popular_a design_n and_o death_n 125_o 126_o manlius_n capitolinus_n his_o valour_n in_o save_v the_o capitol_n 141._o his_o design_n trial_n and_o execution_n 143_o 144_o manlius_n torquatus_n his_o combat_n with_o a_o gaul_n 151._o his_o severe_a justice_n 158_o marcellus_n his_o success_n against_o hannibal_n 207._o his_o act_n in_o sicily_n 208_o 209._o his_o death_n 212_o mariam_n wife_n to_o king_n herod_n her_o death_n 426_o 427_o marius_n his_o first_o rise_n and_o act_n against_o jugurth_n king_n of_o numidia_n 250_o 251._o against_o the_o cimbrian_o 251_o 252._o in_o the_o social_n war_n 156._o occasion_n the_o first_o civil_a war_n and_o his_o danger_n 257_o 258_o 259._o his_o act_n and_o cruelty_n in_o this_o war_n with_o his_o death_n 259_o 260_o 261_o marius_n the_o young_a his_o son_n his_o ill_a success_n in_o the_o first_o civil_a war_n with_o his_o death_n 264_o 265_o masanissa_n his_o remarkable_a passion_n 215_o maecenas_n his_o speech_n and_o advice_n to_o octavius_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o hold_v the_o empire_n 441_o 442_o 443_o menenius_n agrippa_n his_o skilful_a management_n of_o the_o seditious_a commons_o 81_o 82_o metullus_fw-la numidicus_n his_o act_n against_o king_n jugurth_n 249_o 250._o his_o trouble_n and_o recovery_n 252_o 253_o milo_n the_o tribune_n oppose_v clodius_n 303_o 304._o at_o last_o kill_v he_o 313._o and_o be_v banish_v 314_o mithridatick_a war_n the_o first_o 257_o 262._o the_o second_o 268._o the_o three_o 271_o to_o 274._o and_o 277_o to_o 281._o mithridates_n his_o death_n 281_o 282_o mutius_n scaevola_n see_v scaevola_n mutius_n must_n see_v decius_n mus._n n._n naevius_n his_o augury_n 38_o numa_n pompilius_n the_o second_o king_n of_o rome_n his_o backwardness_n to_o accept_v of_o the_o kingdom_n 19_o 20._o his_o reign_n 21_o to_o 24_o numantia_n its_o siege_n 235_o 236_o o._n octavia_n sister_n to_o augustus_n caesar_n her_o worth_n and_o marriage_n to_o m._n anthony_n 405._o reconcile_v her_o husband_n and_o brother_n 409._o her_o generous_a speech_n in_o relation_n to_o both_o party_n 417._o her_o compliance_n 419_o 420_o octavius_n caesar_n declare_v himself_o heir_n to_o julius_n caesar_n with_o his_o success_n 379_o 380_o 381._o march_n against_o m._n anthony_n 381_o 382._o fall_v out_o with_o the_o senate_n 383._o join_n with_o anthony_n and_o lepidus_n in_o the_o second_o triumvirate_n 384_o 385._o march_n against_o brutus_n and_o cassius_n and_o by_o anthony_n assistance_n overthrow_v they_o 393_o 394_o 395._o his_o cruelty_n after_o their_o death_n 396._o his_o troublesome_a division_n of_o land_n 400._o his_o war_n with_o lucius_n antonius_n and_o success_n 401_o 402_o 403._o and_o with_o young_a pompey_n 408_o 410._o his_o marriage_n with_o livia_n 408._o be_v choose_v perpetual_a tribune_n 413._o fall_v out_o with_o anthony_n 417_o etc._n etc._n proclaim_v war_n against_o he_o 420._o beat_v he_o at_o actium_n 424_o 425._o visit_v cleopatra_n 434_o 435._o reduce_v egypt_n and_o shut_v the_o temple_n of_o janus_n 437_o 438._o his_o grand_a consultation_n with_o agrippa_n and_o maecenas_n 439_o to_o 443._o his_o ordinance_n 444_o 445_o 446._o his_o speech_n to_o the_o senate_n 446_o 447._o his_o establishment_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o his_o take_v the_o title_n of_o augustus_n 448_o 449_o 450_o p._n papirius_n cursor_n his_o act_n against_o the_o samnite_n 163_o 165_o 166_o paulus_n aemilius_n see_v aemilius_n paulus_n perusian_a war_n 401_o 402_o 403_o petreus_n see_v afranius_n pompey_n the_o great_a his_o act_n in_o the_o first_o civil_a war_n 164_o 165._o in_o africa_n 265._o against_o sertorius_n in_o spain_n 269_o 270._o against_o the_o pirate_n 275_o 276._o against_o mithridates_n tigranes_n and_o many_o other_o eastern_a king_n 278_o to_o 283._o his_o magnificent_a triumph_n 290_o 291._o be_v oppose_v by_o the_o senate_n 292._o and_o join_v in_o the_o first_o triumvirate_n 293._o assist_v julius_n caesar_n in_o his_o consulship_n 297._o procure_v cicero_n '_o s_o restoration_n 303_o 304._o gain_v the_o consulship_n with_o crassus_n by_o force_n 305._o his_o sole_a consulship_n 314._o fall_v out_o with_o julius_n caesar_n 320._o abandon_v rome_n 323._o and_o also_o italy_n 326_o 327._o his_o war_n with_o julius_n caesar_n 332_o to_o 347._o his_o misfortune_n death_n and_o funeral_n 347_o to_o 350_o pompey_n sextus_n his_o son_n join_v with_o his_o elder_a brother_n cneius_n against_o julius_n caesar_n 362_o 363_o 364._o have_v great_a authority_n procure_v he_o by_o m._n anthony_n 380._o relieve_v many_o proscribe_a person_n 387._o he_o severe_o molest_v italy_n and_o come_v to_o a_o treaty_n with_o octavius_n caesar_n 405_o 406._o his_o war_n with_o he_o after_o that_o and_o death_n 408_o to_o 411_o pontius_n cominius_n his_o bold_a attempt_n 140_o poplicola_n valerius_n his_o several_a act_n and_o death_n 61_o to_o 70_o porcia_n daughter_n to_o cato_n the_o young_a her_o courage_n 371._o her_o strange_a death_n 396_o porsena_n king_n of_o hetruria_n besieges_fw-fr rome_n and_o show_v great_a generosity_n to_o the_o roman_n 66_o to_o 69_o proscription_n the_o first_o by_o sylla_n and_o its_o effect_n 266_o 267._o the_o second_o by_o the_o second_o triumvirate_n and_o its_o effect_n 385_o to_o 389_o punic_a or_o carthaginian_a war_n the_o first_o 181_o to_o 191._o the_o second_o 198_o to_o 217._o the_o three_o 230_o to_o 233_o pyrrhus_n king_n if_o epirus_n his_o success_n against_o the_o roman_n and_o civility_n 171_o to_o 176._o he_o be_v at_o last_o worsted_n and_o abandon_v italy_n 177_o 178_o 179_o q._n quintius_n cincinnatus_n see_v cincinnatus_n quintius_n quintus_fw-la flaminius_n his_o success_n against_o king_n philip_n in_o the_o first_o macedonian_a war_n 219_o 220_o r._n regulus_n his_o act_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o defeat_v 186._o his_o extraordinary_a bravery_n and_o death_n 189_o 190_o remus_n fall_v out_o with_o his_o brother_n romulus_n and_o be_v slay_v 6_o 7_o romulus_n his_o birth_n 5._o re-inthrones_a his_o grandfather_n numitor_n 6._o find_v the_o city_n of_o rome_n 7._o his_o reign_n 8_o to_o 18_o s._n saturninus_z his_o sedition_n and_o death_n 252_o 253_o scaevola_n mutius_n his_o extraordinary_a courage_n and_o boldness_n 67_o 68_o sceva_n his_o great_a valour_n 338_o scipio_n africanus_n his_o first_o rise_n 211._o his_o great_a success_n in_o spain_n 213._o and_o in_o africa_n 214_o 215._o where_o he_o at_o last_o overthrow_v hannibal_n 216_o 217._o go_v
relic_n of_o the_o trojan_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o prince_n aeneas_n who_o have_v leave_v his_o native_a country_n and_o his_o enrage_a enemy_n to_o seek_v out_o foreign_a habitation_n these_o be_v about_o 1200_o in_o all_o though_o some_o will_v allow_v but_o half_a that_o number_n and_o arrive_v in_o these_o part_n three_o year_n after_o the_o destruction_n of_o troy_n and_o above_o 400_o before_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n a._n m._n 2824._o aeneas_n at_o his_o first_o land_n be_v very_o civil_o entertain_v by_o latinus_n the_o king_n then_o reign_v as_o a_o person_n of_o great_a renown_n who_o not_o only_o treat_v he_o honourable_o but_o give_v he_o his_o only_a daughter_n lavinia_n in_o marriage_n this_o occasion_v a_o war_n between_o he_o and_o turnus_n a_o prince_n of_o the_o rutuli_n their_o near_a neighbour_n who_o have_v former_o make_v pretension_n to_o she_o but_o these_o war_n soon_o end_v in_o turnus_n death_n which_o do_v not_o only_o free_a aeneas_n from_o a_o rival_n but_o secure_v his_o kingdom_n which_o latinus_n give_v he_o for_o his_o daughter_n portion_n after_o his_o decease_n aâ—neas_n thus_o settle_v soon_o after_o build_v the_o city_n of_o lavinium_n in_o honour_n of_o his_o wife_n about_o five_o or_o six_o mile_n east_n of_o laurentum_n where_o he_o keep_v his_o court_n and_o the_o more_o to_o oblige_v his_o subject_n cause_v both_o they_o and_o his_o own_o countryman_n to_o be_v call_v by_o the_o common_a name_n of_o latini_n but_o engage_v in_o a_o bloody_a war_n with_o mezentius_n a_o king_n of_o the_o etrurians_n he_o be_v slay_v after_o a_o short_a reign_n of_o four_o year_n his_o subject_n in_o honour_n to_o his_o memory_n dedicate_v a_o chapel_n to_o he_o under_o the_o title_n of_o jupiter_n indiges_n indiges_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o aeneas_n his_o son_n ascanius_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o throne_n but_o lavinia_n be_v leave_v with_o child_n by_o he_o out_o of_o fear_n flee_v to_o the_o wood_n and_o be_v there_o deliver_v of_o a_o son_n who_o from_o the_o place_n of_o his_o birth_n have_v the_o name_n of_o silvius_n thirty_o year_n after_o the_o build_n of_o lavinium_n ascanius_n leave_v it_o to_o his_o mother-in-law_n and_o found_v alba-longa_n about_o 12_o mile_n north_n of_o it_o which_o he_o make_v his_o seat_n ascanius_n have_v a_o son_n call_v julus_n from_o who_o come_v the_o famous_a family_n of_o the_o julii_fw-la julii_fw-la this_o son_n after_o his_o mother_n death_n contend_v with_o silvius_n for_o the_o kingdom_n but_o the_o people_n judge_v that_o to_o belong_v to_o latinus_n race_n give_v the_o kingdom_n to_o silvius_n and_o the_o priesthood_n to_o julus_n in_o who_o family_n it_o thenceforth_o continue_a after_z silvius_z succeed_v 13_o king_n of_o the_o same_o race_n for_o nigh_o 400_o year_n who_o all_o have_v their_o seat_n at_o alba_n and_o many_o of_o they_o likewise_o have_v the_o name_n of_o silvius_n these_o king_n be_v as_o follow_v aeneas_z silvius_z who_o reign_v 31_o year_n latinus_n who_o reign_v 51_o alba_n 39_o capetus_n i._n 26_o capys_n 28_o capetus_n ii_o 13_o tiberinus_n 8_o agrippa_z 24_o alladius_n 19_o aventinus_n 37_o procas_n 23_o amulius_n 42_o and_o numitor_n who_o be_v the_o last_o king_n of_o alba._n except_o the_o two_o last_o we_o have_v but_o little_a remarkable_a concern_v these_o king_n only_a tiberinus_n give_v name_n to_o the_o river_n tiber_n tiber._n by_o be_v drown_v in_o it_o it_o be_v before_o call_v albula_n and_o aventinus_n give_v name_n to_o mount_n aventine_n aventine_n one_o of_o the_o seven_o hill_n of_o rome_n these_o be_v call_v the_o king_n of_o alba_n or_o of_o old_a latium_n which_o scarce_o contain_v the_o six_o part_n of_o what_o be_v call_v latium_n in_o augustus_n reign_n latium_n which_o then_o comprehend_v not_o only_o the_o old_a latini_n but_o also_o the_o rutuli_n aequi_n hernici_n volsci_n and_o arunci_n this_o kingdom_n though_o very_o small_a according_a to_o the_o dimension_n before_o give_v of_o it_o be_v very_o fruitful_a populous_a and_o full_a of_o town_n and_o alba_n itself_o be_v a_o great_a and_o flourish_a city_n and_o have_v be_v the_o mother_n of_o thirty_o latin_a town_n when_o it_o be_v destroy_v by_o tullus_n hostilius_n the_o three_o king_n of_o rome_n ii_o but_o to_o come_v close_o to_o the_o roman_a story_n amulius_n and_o numitor_n 3209._o the_o two_o last_o of_o these_o king_n be_v brother_n and_o it_o be_v agree_v between_o they_o that_o numitâ—r_v the_o elder_a shall_v have_v the_o kingdom_n and_o amulius_n the_o treasure_n and_o gold_n that_o be_v bring_v from_o troy_n but_o money_n have_v the_o advantage_n of_o mere_a authority_n amulius_n soon_o get_v his_o brother_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o to_o secure_v it_o to_o himself_o against_o the_o pretension_n of_o his_o posterity_n cause_v his_o son_n lausus_n to_o be_v murder_v in_o a_o pretend_a hunt_v and_o his_o daughter_n rhea_n to_o be_v make_v a_o vestal_a virgin_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o her_o priesthood_n go_v to_o fetch_v water_n she_o be_v meet_v and_o ravish_v by_o some_o lover_n or_o probable_o by_o amulius_n himself_o rather_o as_o be_v suppose_v to_o serve_v his_o other_o design_n than_o to_o gratify_v his_o lust._n but_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o cause_n the_o fact_n be_v lay_v upon_o mars_n in_o who_o grove_n it_o be_v commit_v who_o come_v to_o she_o as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o in_o a_o most_o dreadful_a manner_n with_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n rhea_n prove_v with_o child_n be_v deliver_v of_o two_o boy_n and_o thereupon_o be_v condemn_v to_o death_n or_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n and_o her_o child_n be_v throw_v into_o the_o river_n but_o the_o wind_n and_o stream_n be_v both_o so_o favourable_a that_o at_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o water_n they_o be_v leave_v safe_a upon_o dry_a ground_n and_o there_o happy_o find_v by_o faustulus_n amuliusâ—s_n herdsman_n and_o suckle_v by_o his_o wife_n laurentia_n who_o for_o her_o infamous_a life_n be_v call_v lupa_n and_o this_o probable_o may_v occasion_v the_o famous_a story_n of_o their_o be_v nourish_v by_o a_o wolf_n the_o name_n of_o these_o twin_n be_v romulus_n and_o remus_n the_o child_n grow_v up_o prove_v active_a and_o courageous_a suitable_a to_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o birth_n but_o the_o meanness_n of_o their_o education_n give_v they_o occasion_n of_o fall_v out_o with_o some_o of_o numitor_n herdsman_n in_o which_o contest_v remus_n be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o bring_v before_o the_o king_n upon_o which_o faustulus_n discover_v to_o romulus_n all_o the_o particular_n of_o his_o birth_n and_o hard_a usage_n from_o amulius_n beg_v he_o to_o be_v assistant_n in_o the_o rescue_n of_o remus_n romulus_n soon_o draw_v together_o a_o great_a number_n of_o herdsman_n and_o inferior_a people_n who_o hate_v amulius_n who_o he_o divide_v into_o company_n consist_v of_o a_o hundred_o man_n each_o every_o captain_n carry_v a_o small_a bundle_n of_o grass_n and_o shrub_n tie_v to_o a_o pole_n the_o latin_n call_v such_o bundle_n manipuli_fw-la from_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o their_o army_n they_o call_v their_o captain_n manipulares_fw-la manipulares_fw-la remus_n gain_v upon_o the_o citizen_n within_o and_o romulus_n make_v attack_n from_o without_o amulius_n not_o know_v what_o expedient_a to_o think_v of_o for_o his_o security_n in_o that_o amazement_n and_o distraction_n be_v take_v and_o slay_v the_o brother_n settle_v their_o grandfather_n numitor_n in_o his_o throne_n after_o he_o have_v be_v depose_v forty_o two_o year_n the_o affair_n of_o alba_n succeed_v thus_o prosperous_o 3251._o the_o youngman_n ambitious_a of_o glory_n be_v desirous_a of_o sound_v a_o city_n in_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v bring_v up_o which_o design_n be_v approve_v of_o by_o their_o grandfather_n who_o appoint_v they_o land_n with_o such_o of_o his_o subject_n as_o he_o know_v be_v of_o his_o brother_n faction_n and_o likewise_o give_v free_a liberty_n to_o all_o other_o who_o be_v willing_a to_o settle_v themselves_o in_o this_o new_a colony_n most_o of_o the_o trojan_n come_v in_o of_o which_o there_o remain_v fifty_o family_n in_o caesar_n time_n as_o dionysius_n inform_v we_o and_o also_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n about_o the_o palatine-hill_n where_o the_o city_n be_v build_v which_o be_v about_o 14_o mile_n north-west_n of_o alba_n upon_o the_o river_n tiber._n for_o the_o more_o speedy_a carry_v on_o this_o work_n the_o people_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n who_o be_v to_o work_v by_o way_n of_o emulation_n but_o what_o be_v design_v for_o a_o considerable_a advantage_n prove_v a_o great_a inconveniency_n for_o it_o give_v birth_n to_o two_o faction_n whereof_o one_o prefer_v romulus_n and_o the_o other_o remus_n which_o swell_v they_o with_o the_o ambitious_a desire_n of_o preeminence_n this_o soon_o appear_v in_o their_o
this_o magistrate_n be_v call_v praefectus_fw-la vrbis_fw-la vâ—bis_fw-la after_o this_o he_o immediate_o proceed_v to_o settle_v the_o authority_n of_o king_n senate_n and_o people_n the_o king_n office_n at_o home_n be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o religious_a rite_n to_o preserve_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n to_o decide_v the_o chief_a cause_n between_o man_n and_o man_n and_o refer_v the_o less_o matter_n to_o the_o senate_n into_o which_o he_o have_v a_o inspection_n to_o call_v the_o senate_n assemble_v the_o people_n first_o give_v his_o own_o opinion_n then_o ratify_v what_o be_v approve_v of_o by_o the_o major_a part_n abroad_o and_o in_o the_o war_n he_o have_v absolute_a authority_n the_o senate_n office_n be_v to_o debate_v and_o resolve_v about_o such_o thing_n as_o the_o king_n propose_v which_o be_v decree_v by_o the_o majority_n of_o voice_n to_o the_o people_n he_o commit_v three_o thing_n to_o create_v magistrate_n make_v law_n and_o resolve_v about_o any_o war_n that_o be_v propose_v by_o the_o king_n yet_o still_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o senate_n always_o interpose_v the_o next_o thing_n that_o romulus_n do_v be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o a_o guard_n for_o his_o person_n and_o therefore_o he_o order_v the_o curiae_fw-la to_o choose_v he_o out_o 300_o lusty_a young_a man_n ten_o out_o of_o each_o celeres_fw-la and_o these_o be_v call_v celeres_fw-la à _fw-la celeritate_fw-la from_o their_o activity_n and_o readiness_n to_o assist_v the_o king_n upon_o all_o occasion_n they_o be_v command_v by_o a_o tribune_n or_o colonel_n celerum_fw-la call_v tribunus_n celerum_fw-la three_o centurion_n and_o other_o inferior_a officer_n this_o company_n with_o their_o spear_n defend_v the_o king_n in_o the_o city_n and_o in_o battle_n be_v the_o foremost_a leader_n charge_v first_o and_o retreat_v last_o beside_o these_o he_o have_v for_o his_o attendance_n lictor_n twelve_o lictor_n or_o sergeant_n who_o punish_v offender_n and_o execute_v his_o command_n these_o always_o go_v before_o he_o in_o public_a with_o their_o bundle_n of_o rod_n call_v fasces_fw-la and_o their_o axe_n signify_v different_a punishment_n according_a to_o man_n different_a crime_n thus_o romulus_n with_o all_o the_o industry_n and_o prudence_n imaginable_a take_v care_n to_o settle_v the_o state_n be_v very_o exact_a in_o justice_n and_o forbid_v all_o sordid_a art_n and_o trade_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o luxury_n which_o be_v leave_v whole_o to_o slave_n and_o stranger_n the_o roman_n for_o many_o year_n scorn_v to_o be_v concern_v in_o '_o they_o this_o be_v the_o form_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o romulus_n first_o establish_v it_o which_o in_o general_n be_v so_o excellent_a that_o it_o be_v admire_v by_o dionysius_n above_o all_o the_o constitution_n even_o of_o his_o own_o countryman_n the_o grecian_n and_o by_o its_o healthfulness_n and_o robu_v constitution_n have_v all_o the_o manifest_a sign_n of_o a_o thrive_a and_o long-lived_a state_n ii_o romulus_n find_v he_o be_v encompass_v with_o several_a powerful_a nation_n 4._o who_o with_o envious_a eye_n behold_v the_o extraordinary_a growth_n of_o his_o city_n and_o observe_v how_o much_o it_o be_v fill_v by_o fugitive_n who_o have_v no_o wife_n he_o bethink_v himself_o of_o mean_n to_o contract_v alliance_n with_o his_o neighbour_n and_o to_o procure_v wife_n for_o his_o subject_n which_o be_v his_o second_o device_n to_o increase_v the_o city_n therefore_o by_o advice_n of_o his_o grandfather_n numitor_n and_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o senate_n he_o proclaim_v a_o solemn_a feast_n and_o public_a game_n in_o honour_n of_o neptune_n through_o all_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o this_o immediate_o occasion_v a_o great_a concourse_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n who_o come_v flock_v in_o with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n from_o several_a neighbour_a place_n to_o behold_v these_o pompous_a show_n together_o with_o the_o new_a city_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o solemnity_n upon_o a_o signal_n give_v the_o roman_n with_o their_o draw_a sword_n seize_v on_o such_o virgin_n as_o they_o can_v most_o convenient_o catch_v and_o by_o main_a force_n carry_v they_o to_o their_o house_n the_o number_n of_o these_o amount_v to_o 683_o for_o who_o romulus_n choose_v so_o many_o husband_n and_o marry_v they_o after_o their_o own_o country_n rite_n make_v they_o sign_n a_o covenant_n or_o agreement_n with_o the_o ceremony_n of_o fire_n and_o water_n which_o custom_n continue_v among_o the_o roman_n for_o many_o age_n this_o act_n be_v high_o resent_v by_o most_o of_o their_o neighbour_n especial_o the_o sabine_n who_o be_v principal_o concern_v but_o their_o backwardness_n in_o their_o preparation_n make_v the_o city_n caenina_n antemna_n and_o crustumium_n begin_v the_o war_n first_o the_o two_o former_a three_o or_o four_o mile_n north_n of_o rome_n and_o inhabit_a by_o the_o aborigines_n romulus_n soon_o subdue_v with_o the_o death_n of_o their_o king_n acron_n who_o he_o slay_v in_o a_o single_a combat_n and_o afterward_o the_o latter_a a_o colony_n of_o alba_n a_o little_a way_n within_o the_o country_n of_o the_o sabine_n the_o land_n be_v divide_v between_o some_o of_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o old_a inhabitant_n of_o who_o 3000_o be_v make_v free_a of_o rome_n without_o lose_v their_o former_a estate_n so_o that_o the_o footman_n of_o the_o city_n be_v now_o much_o increase_v for_o this_o victory_n romulus_n first_o triumph_v and_o bring_v home_o the_o spoil_n of_o king_n acron_n spolia_fw-la which_o the_o roman_n name_v opima_fw-la spolia_fw-la or_o royal_a spoil_n he_o design_v a_o spot_n of_o ground_n upon_o mount_n capitoline_n for_o a_o temple_n to_o jupiter_n feretrius_n feretrius_n so_o call_v either_o à _fw-la ferendo_fw-la to_o bear_v or_o rather_o from_o ferire_fw-la to_o strike_v and_o this_o be_v the_o place_n where_o the_o capitol_n afterward_o stand_v the_o valour_n of_o romulus_n and_o his_o good_a conduct_n in_o this_o war_n together_o with_o his_o clemency_n to_o the_o conquer_a have_v so_o great_a effect_n that_o not_o only_o many_o eminent_a man_n go_v over_o to_o he_o with_o their_o family_n among_o who_o be_v caelius_n who_o give_v name_n to_o a_o hill_n in_o the_o city_n but_o some_o whole_a nation_n commit_v themselves_o to_o his_o protection_n and_o receive_v colony_n from_o rome_n this_o notable_a success_n be_v a_o great_a disappointment_n to_o the_o sabine_n 6._o who_o resolve_v to_o correct_v their_o former_a carelessness_n by_o double_a diligence_n assemble_v themselves_o at_o cure_n their_o metropolis_n proclaim_v war_n against_o rome_n and_o make_v choice_n of_o tatius_n their_o king_n for_o general_n on_o the_o other_o side_n romulus_n make_v all_o possible_a provision_n for_o resistance_n fortify_v the_o capitoline_n and_o aventine_n hill_n and_o receive_v auxiliary-troop_n both_o from_o hetruria_n and_o his_o grandfather_n numitor._n the_o sabine_n to_o have_v the_o fair_a pretence_n first_o demand_v restitution_n of_o the_o virgin_n and_o to_o have_v the_o author_n of_o the_o injury_n deliver_v up_o to_o they_o but_o receive_v no_o satisfactory_a answer_n both_o army_n draw_v out_o into_o the_o field_n the_o sabine_n be_v 25000_o foot_n and_o 1000_o horse_n and_o the_o roman_n 20000_o poot_n and_o 800_o horse_n a_o great_a number_n for_o a_o new_a build_v city_n tatius_n encamp_v between_o the_o capitoline_n and_o quirinal_n but_o find_v they_o too_o well_o fortify_v to_o be_v attack_v but_o one_o tarpeia_n daughter_n to_o tarpeius_n governor_n of_o the_o capitoline_n call_v to_o his_o man_n from_o above_o and_o agree_v to_o betray_v the_o place_n into_o their_o hand_n which_o be_v in_o a_o short_a time_n effect_v what_o she_o require_v of_o they_o as_o a_o reward_n for_o this_o be_v what_o they_o wear_v on_o their_o left_a arm_n mean_v their_o bracelet_n but_o they_o throw_v their_o target_n upon_o she_o which_o they_o wear_v on_o their_o left_a arm_n and_o press_v she_o to_o death_n from_o hence_o this_o hill_n be_v callâ—d_v tarpeius_n till_o the_o build_n of_o the_o capitol_n which_o make_v it_o lose_v the_o name_n except_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v call_v the_o tarpeian_a rock_n from_o whence_o they_o throw_v malefactor_n down_o headlong_o the_o sabine_n now_o master_n of_o the_o capitoline_n have_v the_o advantage_n of_o continue_v the_o war_n at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o for_o a_o long_a time_n only_o light_a skirmish_n pass_v between_o both_o party_n with_o little_a or_o no_o advantage_n to_o either_o side_n but_o the_o tediousness_n and_o charge_n of_o the_o war_n so_o weary_v out_o both_o roman_n and_o sabine_n that_o they_o very_o much_o desire_v a_o peace_n but_o neither_o side_n will_v stoop_v to_o sue_v for_o it_o thus_o they_o continue_v for_o a_o very_a considerable_a time_n till_o both_o resolve_v to_o do_v their_o utmost_a they_o come_v to_o a_o general_a battle_n which_o
open_a in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o to_o be_v shut_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n as_o it_o continue_v all_o his_o reign_n which_o as_o some_o observe_v never_o happen_v but_o four_o time_n from_o his_o reign_n to_o that_o of_o tiberius_n caesar._n to_o the_o two_o flamen_n or_o high-priest_n of_o jupiter_n and_o mars_n he_o add_v a_o three_o of_o quirinus_n or_o romulus_n and_o to_o this_o prince_n also_o be_v ascribe_v the_o bring_n in_o of_o the_o pontifices_fw-la pontifices_fw-la whereof_o he_o himself_o be_v one_o and_o officiate_v according_o he_o also_o ordain_v the_o vestal_a virgin_n virgin_n be_v four_o in_o number_n to_o who_o he_o give_v very_o great_a privilege_n particular_o when_o they_o go_v abroad_o they_o have_v the_o fasces_fw-la carry_v before_o they_o and_o in_o their_o walk_n if_o they_o meet_v with_o a_o malefactor_n lead_v to_o execution_n they_o have_v the_o power_n of_o free_v he_o from_o death_n upon_o oath_n give_v that_o the_o meeting_n be_v mere_o accidental_a he_o also_o institute_v the_o order_n of_o the_o salii_fw-la and_o the_o feciale_n feciales_n priest_n devote_v to_o mars_n the_o former_a be_v to_o carry_v those_o sacred_a shield_n call_v ancilia_n and_o the_o latter_a to_o judge_v of_o the_o equity_n of_o war_n and_o proclaim_v it_o with_o much_o ceremony_n this_o prince_n though_o natural_o averse_a to_o all_o war_n yet_o consider_v that_o peace_n and_o security_n may_v too_o much_o soften_v and_o degenerate_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o multitude_n therefore_o he_o use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o imprint_v on_o their_o mind_n the_o notion_n of_o religion_n and_o virtue_n and_o the_o due_a reverence_n of_o god_n and_o to_o gain_v the_o more_o credit_n and_o obedience_n to_o his_o constitution_n he_o pretend_v he_o have_v often_o and_o immediate_a converse_n with_o the_o goddess_n egâ—ria_n and_o will_v be_v often_o tell_v they_o that_o strange_a vision_n and_o apparition_n be_v see_v and_o prophetic_a voice_n hear_v which_o story_n have_v great_a and_o remarkable_a effect_n upon_o a_o people_n so_o superstitious_o incline_v yet_o his_o religion_n be_v of_o a_o refine_a nature_n be_v much_o like_o that_o of_o pythagoras_n afterward_o and_o as_o he_o teach_v that_o the_o principle_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v not_o to_o be_v perceive_v by_o sense_n nor_o be_v liable_a to_o motion_n but_o be_v invisible_a immortal_a and_o to_o be_v apprehend_v by_o the_o understanding_n alone_o so_o numa_n forbid_v the_o roman_n to_o use_v the_o image_n of_o any_o god_n which_o represent_v he_o under_o the_o form_n of_o a_o man_n or_o any_o other_o live_a creature_n and_o this_o be_v strict_o observe_v in_o all_o their_o temple_n and_o sacred_a place_n for_o 170_o year_n at_o the_o least_o they_o hold_v it_o a_o great_a crime_n to_o liken_v such_o superior_a being_n to_o thing_n so_o much_o below_o '_o they_o for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o agriculture_n he_o divide_v those_o land_n which_o romulus_n have_v gain_v in_o war_n among_o the_o poor_a sort_n cause_v his_o subject_n to_o apply_v themselves_o to_o husbandry_n and_o by_o such_o kind_n of_o employment_n to_o cultivate_v their_o mind_n as_o well_o as_o the_o earth_n then_o he_o divide_v all_o the_o land_n into_o several_a parcel_n to_o which_o he_o give_v the_o name_n of_o pagi_n pagus_n or_o borough_n and_o over_o every_o one_o of_o these_o he_o ordain_v a_o chief_a or_o arbitrator_n in_o judicial_a cause_n and_o that_o he_o may_v take_v away_o all_o distinction_n of_o roman_a and_o sabine_a which_o threaten_v the_o state_n with_o endless_a faction_n and_o dangerous_a division_n he_o divide_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n according_a to_o their_o several_a trade_n and_o occupation_n make_v every_o art_n a_o particular_a company_n and_o society_n and_o appoint_v to_o every_o one_o their_o respective_a court_n and_o privilege_n and_o this_o be_v his_o masterpiece_n in_o politic_n he_o much_o abate_v the_o rigour_n of_o that_o law_n make_v by_o romulus_n concern_v the_o power_n of_o father_n over_o their_o child_n make_v it_o unlawful_a for_o they_o to_o sell_v their_o son_n after_o marriage_n because_o it_o be_v very_o unjust_a that_o a_o woman_n who_o have_v marry_v a_o freeman_n shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o live_v with_o a_o slave_n he_o also_o prescribe_v rule_n concern_v mourn_a a_o child_n of_o three_o year_n and_o so_o upward_o to_o ten_o be_v to_o be_v mourn_v for_o so_o many_o month_n as_o it_o be_v year_n old_a and_o the_o long_a time_n of_o mourn_v for_o any_o person_n be_v not_o to_o exceed_v the_o term_n of_o ten_o month_n which_o also_o be_v the_o time_n appoint_v for_o widow_n before_o which_o they_o can_v not_o without_o great_a indecency_n marry_v again_o but_o in_o case_n circumstance_n be_v such_o as_o not_o to_o admit_v of_o so_o long_a a_o term_n they_o be_v first_o to_o sacrifice_v a_o cow_n with_o a_o calf_n for_o expiation_n of_o their_o fault_n one_o of_o the_o principal_a thing_n do_v by_o this_o prince_n be_v the_o reformation_n of_o the_o year_n which_o in_o romulus_n time_n be_v much_o out_o of_o order_n some_o month_n have_v more_o than_o 35_o day_n and_o some_o few_o than_o twenty_o numa_n find_v the_o solar_a year_n to_o exceed_v the_o lunar_a by_o eleven_o day_n double_v these_o eleven_o day_n and_o every_o other_o year_n insert_v a_o month_n after_o february_n consist_v of_o 22_o day_n which_o be_v by_o the_o roman_n call_v mercedonius_n mercedonius_n because_o it_o be_v the_o usual_a time_n for_o pay_v of_o wage_n he_o likewise_o change_v the_o order_n of_o the_o month_n make_v january_n and_o february_n the_o first_o and_o second_o month_n which_o be_v the_o two_o last_o in_o romulus_n day_n month_n january_n have_v its_o name_n from_o janus_n the_o most_o ancient_a god_n or_o king_n in_o italy_n february_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o expiation_n which_o use_v to_o be_v in_o it_o signify_v by_o the_o word_n februa_n march_v so_o call_v from_o mars_n the_o suppose_a father_n of_o romulus_n which_o upon_o that_o account_n have_v be_v place_v first_o april_n from_o aphrodite_n or_o venus_n because_o of_o the_o superstitious_a worship_n which_o be_v perform_v in_o it_o when_o the_o woman_n be_v crown_v with_o myrtle_n may_v so_o name_v from_o maia_n the_o mother_n of_o mercury_n to_o who_o this_o month_n be_v make_v sacred_a june_n from_o juno_n or_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o from_o juventus_fw-la because_o the_o season_n be_v warm_a and_o as_o it_o be_v juvenile_n the_o rest_n have_v their_o name_n from_o their_o order_n as_o quintilis_n sextilis_fw-la september_n october_n november_n and_o december_n only_a quintilis_n and_o sextilis_n be_v afterward_o turn_v into_o july_n and_o august_n by_o the_o emperor_n julius_n caesar_n and_o augustus_n numa_n be_v marry_v to_o tatia_n king_n tatius_n daughter_n by_o who_o he_o have_v one_o daughter_n name_v pompilia_n and_o after_o a_o reign_n of_o 43_o year_n be_v above_o 80_o year_n old_a he_o die_v and_o be_v bury_v with_o great_a honour_n and_o solemnity_n he_o forbid_v his_o body_n to_o be_v burn_v as_o it_o be_v usual_a in_o those_o day_n but_o be_v bury_v in_o a_o stone_n coffin_n under_o the_o hill_n janiculum_n and_o the_o book_n of_o his_o ceremony_n be_v lay_v by_o he_o in_o another_o be_v twelve_o write_v in_o latin_a and_o as_o many_o in_o greek_a these_o be_v take_v up_o about_o 400_o year_n after_o and_o because_o it_o be_v think_v a_o piece_n of_o impiety_n to_o communicate_v such_o mystery_n to_o the_o multitude_n be_v burn_v by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n he_o keep_v the_o state_n in_o such_o a_o constant_a peace_n by_o his_o prudent_a management_n as_o do_v very_o much_o contribute_v to_o the_o strength_n and_o security_n of_o the_o city_n and_o he_o much_o improve_v and_o polish_a the_o rough_a genius_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n chap._n iii_o from_o the_o death_n of_o numa_n to_o the_o death_n of_o tullus_n hostilius_n the_o three_o king_n of_o rome_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 33_o year_n i._o upon_o the_o death_n of_o numa_n 82._o the_o government_n once_o more_o devolve_v upon_o the_o senate_n and_o after_o several_a interreges_fw-la tullus_n hostilius_n be_v create_v king_n by_o the_o universal_a consent_n of_o all_o people_n he_o be_v grandson_n to_o the_o famous_a hostilius_n who_o in_o romulus_n day_n have_v behave_v himself_o very_o valiant_o against_o the_o sabine_n in_o the_o citadel_n and_o have_v marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o hersilia_n he_o be_v of_o a_o bold_a and_o fiery_a temper_n and_o one_o who_o often_o seek_v and_o greedy_o embrace_v all_o occasion_n of_o war_n lead_v to_o it_o partly_o by_o his_o own_o proper_a inclination_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o glory_n and_o renown_n of_o his_o grandfather_n as_o he_o think_v the_o love_n of_o his_o subject_n the_o most_o necessary_a thing_n to_o carry_v on_o
choose_v the_o nobility_n of_o the_o alban_n into_o the_o senate_n particular_o the_o tullii_n servilii_n quintii_n geganii_fw-la curiatij_n and_o the_o claelii_fw-la and_o that_o he_o may_v out_o of_o those_o new_a people_n make_v some_o addition_n to_o the_o strength_n of_o every_o order_n he_o choose_v ten_o troop_n of_o horse_n out_o of_o the_o alban_n in_o confidence_n of_o this_o his_o strength_n after_o a_o pentire_a reduction_n of_o the_o fidenates_n he_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o sabine_n 88_o who_o before_o have_v commit_v several_a robbery_n upon_o the_o roman_n that_o trade_v with_o '_o they_o he_o meet_v they_o at_o the_o wood_n call_v malitiosa_fw-la sylva_n where_o especial_o by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o horse_n who_o break_v all_o â—heir_a rank_n after_o a_o short_a engagement_n he_o entire_o defeat_v they_o force_v they_o to_o beg_v peace_n over_o who_o â—e_v obtain_v a_o three_o triumph_n the_o latin_n be_v not_o yet_o quiet_a refuse_v to_o pay_v obedience_n to_o the_o roman_n which_o occasion_v several_a contest_v but_o this_o war_n be_v manage_v with_o great_a moderation_n no_o battle_n â—eing_v fight_v no_o town_n take_v or_o plunder_v beside_o medallia_n which_o hostilius_n punish_v for_o a_o example_n because_o it_o have_v receive_v a_o roman_a colony_n in_o romuâ—us's_n time_n this_o war_n last_v most_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o day_n and_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o his_o reign_n rome_n be_v much_o infect_v with_o plague_n and_o famine_n and_o as_o much_o fright_v with_o prodigy_n then_o hostilius_n begin_v to_o think_v of_o bring_v in_o the_o religious_a ceremony_n of_o numa_n which_o he_o have_v all_o this_o time_n take_v little_a notice_n of_o but_o soon_o after_o he_o die_v after_o a_o reign_n of_o 32_o year_n some_o say_v by_o lightning_n with_o his_o whole_a family_n though_o more_o probable_o by_o some_o treasonable_a practice_n in_o this_o reign_n the_o 300_o celeres_fw-la be_v again_o reassume_v which_o have_v be_v dif-used_a in_o the_o last_o and_o the_o city_n be_v very_o much_o increase_v though_o the_o dominion_n be_v little_a different_a from_o those_o in_o romulus_n day_n only_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v a_o sure_a foot_n in_o some_o place_n than_o before_o chap._n iu._n from_o the_o death_n of_o hostilius_n to_o the_o death_n of_o ancus_n marcius_n the_o four_o king_n of_o rome_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 24_o year_n i._o after_o the_o death_n of_o tullus_n hostilius_n 115._o the_o state_n fall_v into_o a_o interregnum_fw-la as_o former_o and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n ancus_n marcius_n be_v make_v king_n by_o the_o inter-rex_a and_o senate_n and_o be_v confirm_v so_o by_o the_o people_n he_o have_v his_o surname_n ancus_n from_o his_o crookeâ—_n arm_n which_o he_o can_v not_o stretch_v out_o in_o length_n as_o festus_n have_v it_o he_o be_v grandson_n to_o numa_n the_o second_o king_n of_o rome_n by_o pompilia_n his_o daughter_n and_o marcius_n his_o kinsman_n who_o be_v the_o son_n of_o that_o marcius_n who_o have_v persuade_v numa_n to_o accept_v of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o after_o numa_n death_n have_v kill_v himself_o because_o he_o do_v not_o succeed_v he_o this_o prince_n be_v much_o of_o the_o same_o temper_n with_o his_o grandfather_n numa_n and_o consider_v that_o much_o of_o the_o religion_n and_o many_o of_o the_o ceremony_n have_v be_v neglect_v in_o the_o last_o reign_n he_o set_v himself_o to_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o former_a use._n for_o that_o reason_n he_o insinuate_v to_o the_o people_n that_o the_o disease_n pestilence_n and_o other_o innumerable_a calamity_n which_o have_v late_o befall_v the_o city_n together_o with_o the_o disastrous_a end_n of_o hostilius_n proceed_v from_o want_n of_o devotion_n and_o a_o neglect_v of_o their_o go_n he_o high_o commend_v the_o order_n and_o institution_n of_o numa_n and_o will_v be_v often_o show_v the_o great_a blessing_n of_o the_o state_n and_o how_o much_o it_o flourish_v under_o that_o happy_a reign_n advise_v his_o subject_n to_o return_v to_o their_o husbandry_n and_o more_o peaceable_a employment_n and_o to_o lay_v aside_o all_o sort_n of_o violence_n and_o all_o profit_n that_o arise_v from_o war_n and_o bloodshed_n the_o state_n thus_o settle_v 116._o he_o expect_v as_o his_o grandfather_n have_v do_v to_o pass_v his_o time_n free_a from_o all_o war_n and_o trouble_n but_o he_o soon_o find_v his_o design_n cross_v and_o be_v compel_v to_o be_v a_o warrior_n against_o his_o will_n and_o be_v scarce_o ever_o free_a from_o public_a peril_n and_o trouble_n he_o have_v scarce_o begin_v his_o reign_n and_o model_v the_o commonwealth_n when_o the_o latin_n contemn_v he_o as_o a_o sluggish_a prince_n and_o unfit_a for_o military_a affair_n make_v incursion_n into_o the_o roman_a territory_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o make_v all_o necessary_a preparation_n for_o a_o war_n proclaim_v it_o according_a to_o the_o ceremony_n appoint_v by_o his_o grandfather_n numa_n first_o a_o ambassador_n be_v send_v to_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o agressor_n country_n who_o in_o a_o woollen_a shash_n and_o a_o peculiar_a dress_n and_o likewise_o in_o a_o solemn_a form_n of_o speech_n demand_v satisfaction_n which_o not_o be_v grant_v in_o 33_o day_n after_o a_o consultation_n with_o the_o senate_n the_o feciale_n or_o herald_n be_v immediate_o send_v in_o their_o proper_a habit_n feciales_n with_o javelin_n head_v with_o iron_n or_o all_o bloody_a and_o burn_v at_o the_o end_n where_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o three_o young_a man_n at_o least_o they_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o god_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n solemn_o proclaim_v war_n with_o that_o country_n and_o then_o throw_v their_o javelin_n into_o their_o confine_n this_o custom_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o numa_n the_o rule_n whereof_o be_v take_v from_o the_o aequicoli_fw-la a_o very_a ancient_a people_n ancus_n begin_v this_o war_n with_o good_a success_n and_o first_o take_v politorium_n by_o storm_n a_o town_n of_o the_o latin_n 14_o or_o 15_o mile_n southeast_n of_o rome_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o which_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a custom_n he_o transplant_v to_o rome_n allow_v they_o the_o privilege_n of_o free_a citizen_n and_o whereas_o the_o old_a roman_n inhabit_v the_o palatine_a the_o sabine_n the_o capitoline_n and_o the_o alban_n the_o caelian_a he_o grant_v the_o aventine_n hill_n for_o the_o latin_n to_o possess_v the_o number_n of_o who_o be_v increase_v upon_o the_o subdue_a of_o tellene_n and_o ficania_n two_o latin_a town_n nigh_o politorium_n which_o he_o take_v soon_o after_o he_o be_v a_o little_a time_n likewise_o take_v medallia_n a_o place_n of_o considerable_a strength_n and_o also_o politorium_n again_o for_o the_o latin_n find_v it_o empty_a have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o it_o which_o make_v ancus_n entire_o demolish_v it_o the_o latin_n enrage_v at_o their_o loss_n make_v great_a preparation_n for_o the_o next_o campaign_n but_o at_o several_a time_n he_o ruine_v their_o design_n break_v their_o unite_a force_n 117._o force_v they_o to_o beg_v peace_n and_o obtain_v a_o triumph_n over_o '_o they_o not_o long_o after_o he_o subdue_v the_o fidenates_n veientes_n and_o the_o volsci_n who_o have_v fall_v out_o with_o he_o and_o likewise_o such_o of_o the_o sabine_n who_o not_o have_v feel_v the_o strength_n of_o rome_n have_v sore_o repine_v at_o the_o exceed_a growth_n of_o a_o upstart_n city_n these_o latter_a he_o overthrow_v again_o 120._o and_o obtain_v over_o they_o a_o second_o triumph_n ii_o ancus_n do_v not_o only_o perform_v many_o great_a act_n abroad_o but_o also_o do_v many_o noble_a work_n at_o home_n first_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o success_n of_o his_o arm_n he_o rebuilt_a the_o temple_n of_o jupiter_n feretrius_n after_o a_o more_o stately_a and_o magnificent_a manner_n than_o before_o he_o fortify_v the_o hill_n janiculum_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n tiber_n for_o the_o great_a strengthen_n of_o the_o city_n and_o to_o prevent_v its_o be_v a_o refuge_n for_o enemy_n unite_n it_o to_o the_o city_n with_o a_o wooden_a bridge_n over_o that_o river_n he_o likewise_o make_v a_o large_a ditch_n call_v fossa_n quiritium_fw-la which_o be_v no_o small_a defence_n against_o such_o as_o come_v from_o the_o plain_n and_o now_o the_o city_n have_v receive_v a_o vast_a increase_n see_v that_o such_o multitude_n of_o people_n of_o all_o sort_n can_v not_o but_o produce_v many_o criminal_n he_o build_v a_o large_a prison_n for_o malefactor_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o city_n just_o face_v the_o forum_n to_o be_v a_o terror_n to_o their_o grow_a boldness_n he_o do_v not_o only_o enlarge_v the_o pomaerium_fw-la of_o the_o city_n but_o likewise_o its_o dominion_n for_o have_v take_v from_o the_o veientes_n the_o maesian_a forest_n his_o territory_n reach_v to_o the_o sea_n 127._o upon_o which_o at_o the_o
dominion_n abroad_o for_o when_o he_o find_v leisure_n he_o build_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n which_o before_o be_v patch_v up_o in_o haste_n with_o large_a square_a stone_n each_o consist_v of_o a_o load_n weight_n then_o he_o take_v care_n of_o the_o other_o public_a building_n of_o the_o city_n adorn_v the_o forum_n with_o lofty_a portico_n gallery_n and_o shop_n be_v a_o prince_n much_o delight_v with_o stately_a building_n and_o noble_a sight_n cloacae_fw-la he_o likewise_o make_v many_o cloacae_fw-la or_o common-sewer_n to_o drain_v the_o city_n and_o carry_v the_o filth_n of_o it_o into_o the_o tiber_n a_o work_n of_o such_o vast_a charge_n and_o labour_n that_o when_o they_o be_v afterward_o stop_v the_o censor_n spend_v a_o thousand_o talent_n only_o to_o clear_v they_o a_o work_n likewise_o so_o admirable_a that_o dionysius_n think_v that_o from_o the_o magnificence_n of_o these_o as_o well_o as_o their_o aqueduct_n and_o highway_n the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n appear_v in_o the_o circus_n maximus_n that_o vast_a place_n for_o game_n and_o exercise_n between_o the_o palatine_a and_o aventine_n hill_n he_o cause_v seat_n to_o be_v raise_v for_o the_o spectator_n with_o great_a skill_n and_o charge_n and_o likewise_o distinguish_v all_o their_o place_n according_a to_o their_o several_a rank_n and_o dignity_n in_o the_o sabine_a war_n he_o vow_v a_o temple_n to_o jupiter_n juno_n and_o minerva_n if_o he_o get_v the_o victory_n for_o that_o reason_n afterward_o he_o with_o wonderful_a cost_n level_v the_o rock_n on_o the_o capitoline_n and_o form_v a_o plat_v for_o building_n it_o but_o live_v not_o to_o go_v on_o with_o it_o any_o further_o and_o this_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o capitol_n tarquin_n have_v design_v after_o these_o thing_n to_o have_v add_v three_o century_n of_o the_o celeres_fw-la to_o those_o three_o institute_v by_o romulus_n but_o be_v forbid_v by_o actius_n naevius_n to_o alter_v the_o constitution_n of_o that_o king_n therefore_o without_o create_v of_o new_a century_n he_o double_v the_o number_n of_o the_o former_a this_o naevius_n be_v the_o most_o famous_a augur_n that_o rome_n ever_o know_v and_o tarquin_n one_o time_n to_o try_v he_o ask_v he_o if_o what_o he_o have_v in_o his_o thought_n may_v be_v do_v he_o answer_v in_o the_o affirmative_a tarquin_n jeer_o tell_v he_o he_o think_v of_o cut_v a_o whetstone_n with_o a_o razor_n naeviusâ—ad_v â—ad_z he_o strike_v hard_a and_o he_o cut_v it_o through_o this_o much_o enhance_v the_o reputation_n of_o augury_n especial_o of_o naevius_n skill_n therein_o but_o his_o be_v sudden_o miss_v soon_o after_o be_v a_o great_a prejudice_n to_o tarquin_n for_o the_o two_o son_n of_o ancus_n marcius_n grudge_v he_o their_o father_n throne_n accuse_v he_o to_o the_o people_n of_o the_o death_n of_o this_o augur_n but_o his_o son-in-law_n answer_v their_o objection_n and_o clear_v he_o of_o that_o scandal_n miss_v their_o design_n they_o pretend_v repentance_n and_o be_v easy_o receive_v into_o favour_n but_o three_o year_n after_o they_o disguise_v several_a of_o their_o companion_n like_o shepherd_n and_o appear_v in_o court_n pretend_v a_o quarrel_n and_o demand_v justice_n of_o the_o king_n tarquin_n appear_v they_o set_v upon_o he_o and_o kill_v he_o but_o be_v soon_o catch_v and_o receive_v their_o just_a reward_n thus_o fall_v lucius_n tarqvinius_n for_o distinction_n surname_v priscus_n after_o the_o last_o tarquin_n have_v obtain_v the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o eighti_v year_n of_o his_o age_n after_o he_o have_v reign_v 38_o year_n and_o do_v many_o and_o great_a service_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o roman_a greatness_n and_o magnificence_n begin_v to_o appear_v much_o more_o in_o this_o reign_n than_o in_o the_o former_a and_o this_o king_n be_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o triumph_v in_o a_o chariot_n likewise_o the_o roman_a dominion_n be_v much_o increase_v in_o this_o reign_n by_o a_o large_a authority_n 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people_n be_v her_o husband_n will_n when_o she_o feign_v he_o still_o alive_a the_o patritian_n be_v much_o concern_v at_o this_o not_o know_v how_o to_o come_v to_o a_o election_n since_o they_o perceive_v the_o people_n will_v not_o approve_v of_o their_o choice_n but_o will_v be_v all_o for_o tullius_n so_o they_o think_v it_o better_a to_o let_v he_o reign_v in_o a_o unlawful_a manner_n that_o they_o may_v ever_o have_v a_o just_a pretence_n against_o he_o than_o by_o stir_v to_o procure_v he_o a_o legal_a title_n tullius_n discover_v all_o their_o design_n and_o practice_n immediate_o assemble_v the_o people_n in_o the_o forum_n where_o appear_v with_o his_o mother_n mother-in-law_n the_o two_o child_n and_o all_o his_o kindred_n in_o deep_a mourning_n and_o all_o the_o utmost_a sign_n of_o sorrow_n he_o show_v the_o people_n how_o sad_a and_o lamentable_a his_o condition_n be_v through_o the_o contrivance_n of_o the_o patritian_n against_o he_o which_o he_o have_v no_o otherwise_o deserve_v than_o by_o his_o good_a service_n to_o his_o country_n that_o they_o have_v design_v to_o recall_v the_o marcii_n who_o have_v treasonable_o murder_v tarquin_n and_o to_o expose_v the_o posterity_n of_o he_o who_o memory_n â—ught_v to_o be_v so_o precious_a to_o they_o as_o well_o as_o himself_o to_o the_o same_o cruelty_n but_o if_o it_o be_v the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o people_n he_o will_v free_o give_v up_o all_o pretension_n and_o rather_o than_o offend_v they_o undergo_v the_o severe_a hardship_n a_o great_a clamour_n immediate_o arise_v mix_v with_o the_o prayer_n and_o tear_n of_o those_o who_o beseech_v he_o to_o retain_v the_o government_n and_o some_o who_o be_v provide_v beforehand_o begin_v to_o cry_v out_o he_o be_v to_o be_v choose_v king_n and_o the_o curiae_fw-la be_v to_o be_v call_v to_o the_o vâ—te_n which_o thing_n be_v instant_o resolve_v by_o the_o multitude_n he_o thank_v they_o very_o hearty_o for_o be_v mindful_a of_o the_o benefit_n receive_v from_o he_o and_o promise_v to_o pay_v their_o debt_n and_o divide_v the_o public_a land_n among_o such_o as_o want_v if_o they_o will_v elect_v he_o king_n and_o thereupon_o he_o appoint_v a_o day_n for_o the_o assembly_n at_o the_o comitia_fw-la curiata_fw-la he_o be_v choose_v king_n by_o the_o vote_n of_o they_o all_o in_o spite_n of_o all_o the_o opposition_n of_o the_o senate_n who_o refuse_v at_o last_o to_o confirm_v the_o choice_n as_o their_o custâ—m_n be_v ii_o not_o long_o after_o his_o settlement_n 177._o according_a to_o his_o promise_n he_o divide_v the_o public_a land_n among_o the_o poor_a sort_n and_o in_o the_o curiata_fw-la comitia_fw-la prefer_v fifty_o several_a law_n concern_v contract_n and_o injury_n he_o very_o much_o enlarge_v the_o city_n take_v in_o three_o hill_n to_o the_o four_o former_a namely_o the_o quirinal_n the_o viminal_a and_o the_o esquiline_n on_o the_o latter_a of_o
which_o he_o dwell_v himself_o and_o compass_v the_o whole_a seven_o with_o a_o stately_a wall_n some_o say_v the_o wall_n be_v never_o extend_v further_o though_o vast_a suburb_n be_v afterward_o add_v after_o this_o he_o divide_v the_o city_n into_o four_o part_n and_o instead_o of_o three_o make_v four_o tribe_n which_o he_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o palatina_n suburana_n collina_n and_o esquilina_n as_o romulus_n according_a to_o their_o seat_n and_o communion_n in_o sacrifice_n distinguish_v the_o people_n into_o tribe_n and_o curiae_fw-la so_o tullius_n according_a to_o their_o estate_n and_o riches_n distinguish_v they_o into_o six_o rank_n call_v class_n class_n his_o principal_a design_n be_v to_o know_v how_o many_o be_v fit_a to_o bear_v arm_n and_o what_o treasure_n may_v be_v supply_v for_o war_n and_o other_o use_v these_o class_n be_v each_o divide_v into_o century_n the_o word_n here_o signify_v such_o a_o particular_a division_n century_n and_o not_o 100_o person_n which_o make_v up_o 193_o in_o all_o the_o first_o consist_v of_o such_o as_o be_v worth_a 110000_o ass_n each_o answer_v to_o obq_n of_o our_o money_n and_o contain_v 98_o century_n the_o equites_fw-la or_o knight_n be_v reckon_v in_o the_o second_o value_v at_o 75000_o ass_n contain_v 22_o century_n take_v in_o artificer_n the_o three_o at_o 50000_o ass_n contain_v likewise_o 22_o century_n the_o four_o at_o 25000_o ass_n contain_v 20_o century_n the_o five_o at_o 11000_o ass_n contain_v 30_o century_n and_o the_o six_o consist_v of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o poor_a sort_n and_o multitude_n except_v servant_n and_o slave_n which_o make_v up_o but_o one_o century_n the_o constant_a way_n of_o levy_v man_n and_o money_n censi_fw-la be_v for_o the_o future_a according_a to_o these_o century_n each_o century_n such_o a_o quantity_n so_o that_o the_o middle_a rank_n have_v few_o century_n and_o yet_o more_o person_n than_o the_o rich_a go_v to_o war_n by_o turn_v and_o pay_v but_o little_a 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whole_a power_n in_o their_o hand_n but_o tullius_n upon_o these_o and_o the_o like_a occasion_n assemble_v the_o people_n according_a to_o their_o century_n which_o be_v call_v comitia_fw-la centuriata_fw-la centuriata_fw-la where_o the_o plebeian_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v out-voted_n have_v little_o more_o than_o the_o shadow_n of_o authority_n which_o they_o for_o many_o year_n be_v sufficient_o satisfy_v withal_o either_o for_o that_o they_o perceive_v not_o the_o design_n or_o rather_o because_o they_o be_v thereby_o free_v from_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o charge_n trouble_n and_o danger_n of_o the_o public_a after_o the_o census_n or_o tax_n tullius_n first_o institute_v the_o lustrum_fw-la to_o be_v celebrate_v 187._o so_o call_v à _fw-la luendo_fw-la from_o pay_v on_o a_o certain_a day_n after_o the_o valuation_n or_o census_n he_o ordain_v all_o the_o citizen_n to_o meet_v in_o the_o campus_n martius_n all_o in_o armour_n each_o man_n in_o his_o proper_a class_n and_o century_n where_o by_o solemn_a sacrifice_n the_o city_n be_v expiate_v or_o lustrate_v this_o great_a solemnity_n be_v call_v salitaurilia_n or_o rather_o suovetaurilia_n because_o a_o hog_n a_o sheep_n and_o a_o ox_n be_v there_o sacrifice_v these_o thing_n perform_v the_o lustrum_fw-la be_v finish_v which_o because_o of_o the_o continual_a change_n of_o man_n estate_n he_o order_v shall_v be_v reiterated_a every_o five_o year_n so_o that_o the_o old_a and_o proper_a lustrum_fw-la contain_v five_o year_n complete_a which_o be_v as_o often_o as_o this_o tax_n or_o valuation_n call_v census_n be_v make_v though_o afterward_o the_o julian_n lustrum_fw-la contain_v but_o four_o tullius_n hold_v the_o lustrum_fw-la four_o time_n in_o his_o reign_n and_o at_o the_o first_o be_v find_v 84700_o free_a citizen_n but_o to_o increase_v their_o number_n he_o bring_v in_o the_o custom_n of_o make_v slave_n free_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n either_o for_o their_o money_n or_o their_o desert_n who_o be_v manumit_v he_o distribute_v into_o the_o four_o tribe_n of_o the_o city_n slave_n as_o be_v hint_v before_o have_v never_o any_o vote_n in_o the_o government_n and_o these_o be_v either_o make_v or_o bear_v so_o the_o former_a sort_n be_v take_v in_o war_n thence_o proper_o call_v mancipia_fw-la mancipia_fw-la and_o the_o latter_a sort_n come_v of_o parent_n who_o be_v such_o or_o of_o the_o mother_n only_o beside_o the_o division_n of_o the_o city_n itself_o this_o prince_n take_v a_o extraordinary_a care_n about_o the_o roman_a dominion_n divide_v the_o whole_a territory_n into_o 26_o part_n which_o he_o likewise_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o tribe_n and_o these_o he_o again_o distinguish_v into_o their_o several_a pagi_n appoint_v for_o they_o their_o respective_a officer_n and_o place_n of_o worship_n as_o numa_n have_v do_v when_o the_o dominion_n be_v much_o small_a in_o his_o way_n of_o judge_v of_o controversy_n he_o give_v away_o much_o of_o the_o kingly_a 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rome_n stamp_v it_o with_o the_o image_n of_o a_o sheep_n whence_o it_o have_v the_o name_n of_o pecunia_n pecunia_n whereas_o the_o roman_n before_o this_o time_n use_v it_o in_o a_o rude_a lump_n or_o mass._n iii_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o tullius_n be_v settle_v and_o order_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n at_o home_n he_o be_v often_o employ_v in_o many_o and_o considerable_a war_n abroad_o for_o the_o etrurians_n look_v upon_o he_o as_o a_o obscure_a man_n and_o a_o private_a person_n refuse_v to_o pay_v he_o obedience_n and_o renounce_v the_o league_n make_v with_o his_o predecessor_n tarquin_n he_o have_v war_n with_o they_o for_o 20_o year_n successive_o overthrow_v they_o in_o many_o battle_n and_o triumph_v over_o they_o three_o several_a time_n the_o first_o time_n in_o the_o year_n 182_o the_o second_o in_o 186_o and_o the_o three_o time_n in_o 188._o and_o at_o last_o he_o so_o weaken_a and_o harrass_v they_o that_o they_o be_v willing_a to_o beg_v peace_n of_o he_o which_o he_o grant_v they_o upon_o the_o same_o term_n that_o tarquin_n before_o have_v impose_v upon_o they_o only_o from_o three_o of_o the_o twelve_o nation_n namely_o the_o veientes_n the_o caeretanes_n and_o the_o tarquinii_n which_o have_v be_v principal_n in_o the_o revolt_n he_o take_v part_n of_o their_o land_n and_o divide_v they_o among_o such_o as_o be_v late_o make_v free_a of_o rome_n at_o the_o finish_n of_o these_o war_n he_o build_v two_o temple_n both_o dedicate_v to_o fortune_n one_o to_o fortuna_fw-la bona_fw-la and_o the_o other_o to_o fortuna_n virilis_n in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o design_v to_o have_v lay_v down_o his_o office_n and_o restore_v absolute_a liberty_n with_o the_o care_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o the_o people_n and_o be_v prepare_v a_o model_n for_o that_o purpose_n but_o live_v not_o to_o perform_v it_o for_o be_v old_a and_o not_o far_o
into_o the_o garden_n and_o in_o imitation_n of_o thrasybulus_n the_o milesian_n cut_v down_o the_o tall_a poppy_n before_o his_o face_n then_o dismiss_v he_o without_o any_o other_o answer_n sextus_n know_v the_o meaning_n of_o all_o that_o put_v to_o death_n the_o most_o principal_a citizen_n and_o easy_o betray_v the_o place_n into_o his_o father_n hand_n 232._o after_o this_o tarquin_n make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o aequi_n a_o neighbour_a people_n between_o the_o volsci_n and_o the_o sabine_n and_o renew_v that_o with_o the_o etrurians_n tarquin_n have_v gain_v great_a riches_n and_o spoil_n from_o suessa-pometia_n resolve_v to_o set_v about_o the_o temple_n his_o grandfather_n have_v design_v and_o when_o he_o find_v some_o respite_n from_o war_n he_o employ_v a_o great_a number_n of_o workman_n about_o it_o 240._o at_o their_o dig_v to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n a_o man_n head_n be_v find_v bleed_v afresh_o belong_v to_o one_o tolus_n which_o give_v the_o name_n of_o capitol_n to_o the_o building_n capitol_n it_o be_v seat_v upon_o a_o high_a crag_n or_o rock_n on_o mount_n capitoline_n which_o from_o romulus_n time_n have_v be_v call_v mons_fw-la tarpeius_n and_o before_o that_o saturnius_n it_o be_v eight_o acre_n in_o compass_n 200_o foot_n long_o and_o as_o many_o broad_a want_v 15_o foot_n its_o height_n be_v equal_a to_o its_o length_n a_o most_o magnificent_a building_n dedicate_v to_o jupiter_n in_o chief_a but_o contain_v three_o temple_n within_o the_o same_o wall_n the_o middle_n belong_v to_o jupiter_n and_o the_o other_o two_o to_o juno_n and_o minerva_n all_o under_o the_o same_o roof_n it_o have_v a_o noble_a front_n look_v towards_o the_o south_n to_o the_o grand_a forum_n the_o most_o frequent_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n it_o have_v also_o a_o stately_a porch_n or_o gallery_n with_o three_o row_v of_o pillar_n each_o side_n have_v a_o double_a row_n and_o to_o this_o they_o ascend_v by_o a_o hundred_o step_n with_o large_a space_n 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from_o the_o camp_n desire_v they_o to_o bring_v with_o they_o some_o particular_a and_o special_a friend_n for_o a_o most_o dreadful_a mischief_n and_o that_o of_o the_o vast_a importance_n have_v befall_v she_o with_o her_o father_n lucretius_n come_v publius_n valerius_n and_o with_o her_o husband_n lucius_n junius_n brutus_n former_o mention_v who_o find_v she_o in_o her_o chamber_n in_o a_o most_o lamentable_a and_o desperate_a condition_n she_o tell_v they_o the_o whole_a matter_n and_o reject_v all_o thought_n of_o comfort_n she_o most_o solemn_o adjure_v they_o all_o with_o the_o most_o powerful_a persuasion_n imaginable_a to_o revenge_v her_o cause_n to_o the_o utmost_a and_o immediate_o with_o her_o knife_n stab_v herself_o to_o the_o heart_n as_o the_o true_a instance_n she_o can_v give_v of_o her_o real_a chastity_n the_o whole_a company_n be_v strike_v
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clear_v he_o so_o he_o stand_v condemn_v by_o the_o majority_n this_o be_v the_o first_o sentence_n pass_v by_o the_o people_n upon_o any_o patrician_n and_o henceforth_o the_o tribune_n usual_o set_v a_o day_n to_o whosoever_o they_o please_v whereby_o the_o power_n of_o the_o commons_o be_v very_o much_o enlarge_v and_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o patritian_n more_o and_o more_o diminish_v coriolanus_z accompany_v home_o with_o the_o sigh_n and_o tear_n of_o a_o great_a many_o take_v his_o leave_n of_o his_o mother_n wife_n and_o child_n who_o all_o make_v lamentable_a complaint_n but_o he_o like_o a_o true_a roman_a with_o small_a appearance_n of_o concern_v bid_v they_o bear_v all_o cheerful_o and_o depart_v the_o city_n without_o any_o thing_n to_o bear_v his_o charge_n attend_v only_o by_o a_o few_o of_o his_o client_n thus_o he_o go_v to_o antium_n and_o apply_v himself_o to_o tullus_n attius_n a_o man_n of_o great_a
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appeal_v to_o the_o people_n and_o complain_v much_o of_o the_o senate_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o tribune_n procure_v a_o law_n to_o pass_v for_o receive_v the_o privilege_n of_o triumph_n from_o the_o people_n thus_o do_v the_o plebeian_n power_n increase_v daily_o each_o morsel_n of_o the_o patritian_n prerogative_n serve_v only_o to_o add_v to_o their_o insatiable_a appetite_n little_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o roman_n for_o three_o year_n after_o beside_o the_o war_n with_o the_o volsci_n and_o aâ—qui_n which_o be_v carry_v on_o with_o no_o great_a vigour_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o frequent_a dispute_n between_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n till_o the_o year_n 308_o the_o enemy_n make_v ravage_n and_o incursion_n to_o the_o wall_n of_o rome_n put_v the_o people_n upon_o consider_v the_o common_a safety_n of_o the_o state_n and_o under_o the_o command_n of_o quintius_n and_o furius_n the_o consul_n for_o this_o year_n they_o obtain_v a_o notable_a victory_n over_o they_o this_o victory_n be_v attend_v with_o a_o remarkable_a determination_n of_o the_o roman_n between_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o ardea_n and_o aricia_n who_o have_v frequent_a contest_v about_o certain_a land_n and_o have_v leave_v it_o to_o rome_n to_o be_v judge_n one_o scaptius_n a_o old_a commoneâ—_n of_o 84_o year_n old_a stand_v up_o and_o declare_v that_o these_o very_a land_n by_o right_n belong_v former_o to_o corioli_n and_o consequent_o to_o the_o roman_n who_o ought_v to_o have_v '_o they_o the_o senate_n be_v ashamed_a to_o determine_v the_o thing_n this_o way_n because_o it_o have_v be_v leave_v to_o they_o to_o be_v judge_n but_o the_o people_n ready_a to_o make_v use_n of_o any_o advantage_n cause_v it_o to_o be_v voted_n in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d tributa_fw-la where_o the_o land_n be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v the_o public_a possession_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n to_o the_o great_a surprise_n of_o the_o ardean_n and_o arician_n who_o be_v force_v to_o return_v home_o as_o well_o satisfy_v as_o they_o can_v iv._o the_o tribune_n now_o grow_v more_o and_o more_o turbulent_a 309._o and_o nothing_o will_v satisfy_v the_o commons_o but_o a_o share_n in_o the_o high_a office_n and_o place_n of_o great_a trust_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n they_o propose_v two_o law_n one_o to_o permit_v the_o marriage_n of_o patritian_n with_o plebeian_n and_o the_o other_o to_o make_v the_o plebeian_n capable_a of_o the_o consulship_n which_o they_o never_o be_v before_o the_o senator_n take_v these_o proposal_n most_o heinous_o see_v their_o privilege_n in_o danger_n to_o be_v ruin_v and_o be_v resolve_v to_o endure_v the_o utmost_a extremity_n rather_o than_o pass_v these_o law_n but_o find_v such_o violent_a commotion_n in_o the_o state_n they_o pass_v the_o law_n about_o marriage_n in_o hope_n that_o will_v satisfy_v the_o people_n and_o make_v they_o not_o insist_v upon_o the_o other_o this_o appease_v the_o commons_o for_o a_o short_a space_n but_o soon_o after_o when_o the_o aequi_n and_o sabines_n make_v great_a ravages_n in_o the_o roman_a territory_n they_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o these_o trouble_n and_o utter_o refuse_v to_o list_n themselves_o till_o they_o be_v make_v likewise_o partaker_n of_o the_o consulship_n nor_o can_v they_o be_v prevail_v upon_o to_o defer_v the_o matter_n till_o the_o war_n be_v over_o upon_o this_o the_o consul_n be_v force_v to_o hold_v a_o private_a conference_n of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o senator_n where_o after_o some_o debate_n claudius_n propose_v a_o expedient_a as_o the_o most_o seasonable_a in_o this_o press_a conjuncture_n he_o advise_v they_o by_o no_o mean_n to_o suffer_v the_o consulship_n to_o come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o plebeian_n but_o to_o create_v certain_a governor_n in_o the_o room_n of_o consul_n six_o or_o eight_o whereof_o one_o half_a at_o least_o shall_v be_v patritian_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o shall_v seem_v not_o to_o take_v too_o much_o power_n to_o themselves_o and_o yet_o retain_v all_o their_o prerogative_n this_o project_n extreme_o please_v the_o whole_a meeting_n and_o that_o nothing_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v design_v beforehand_o they_o agree_v that_o at_o the_o next_o meet_v of_o the_o senate_n the_o consul_n shall_v not_o ask_v the_o senior_n opinion_n first_o as_o the_o custom_n be_v but_o the_o younger_n and_o such_o as_o be_v most_o popular_a and_o genutius_n the_o consul_n brother_n be_v fix_v upon_o to_o propound_v this_o way_n of_o reconciliation_n pure_o as_o his_o own_o private_a opinion_n upon_o the_o assemble_v the_o senate_n canuleius_n the_o tribune_n upbraid_v the_o consul_n with_o hold_v of_o secret_a meeting_n and_o of_o manage_v dangerous_a design_n against_o the_o state_n the_o consul_n on_o the_o other_o side_n protest_v their_o innocency_n and_o to_o demonstrate_v this_o more_o clear_o give_v leave_v to_o any_o of_o the_o young_a sort_n to_o speak_v first_o who_o can_v not_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o any_o private_a contrivance_n and_o to_o valerius_n in_o particular_a valerius_n advise_v the_o father_n to_o favour_v the_o commons_o who_o have_v so_o well_o deserve_v both_o in_o gain_v of_o dominion_n and_o get_v and_o preserve_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n and_o urge_v further_o that_o the_o city_n can_v not_o be_v free_a till_o there_o be_v a_o equality_n of_o right_n horatius_n and_o other_o be_v next_o ask_v second_v he_o and_o after_o that_o claudius_n be_v desire_v to_o speak_v the_o better_a to_o conceal_v his_o design_n according_a to_o his_o old_a way_n break_v out_o into_o bitter_a invective_n against_o the_o commons_o and_o advise_v that_o the_o law_n may_v not_o pass_v neither_o then_o nor_o ever_o after_o this_o cause_v some_o disturbance_n but_o at_o last_o genutius_n be_v ask_v his_o opinion_n who_o as_o it_o be_v before_o design_v propound_v this_o expedient_a to_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n that_o six_o governor_n shall_v be_v choose_v with_o consular_a authority_n three_o patritian_n and_o three_o plebeian_n and_o when_o the_o time_n of_o their_o magistracy_n shall_v be_v expire_v than_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n may_v resolve_v whether_o they_o will_v have_v the_o same_o office_n or_o that_o of_o consul_n for_o the_o year_n follow_v this_o project_n be_v glad_o embrace_v both_o by_o the_o senate_n and_o commons_o and_o leave_n be_v give_v to_o any_o plebeian_n to_o stand_v for_o this_o new_a office_n yet_o so_o fickle_a be_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o multitude_n and_o so_o please_v with_o the_o bare_a novelty_n of_o the_o thing_n that_o though_o many_o plebeian_n stand_v for_o this_o office_n they_o think_v none_o of_o they_o worthy_a of_o that_o honour_n but_o bestow_v it_o upon_o eminent_a patritian_n only_o who_o appear_v as_o candidate_n this_o be_v the_o three_o intermission_n of_o the_o consular_a power_n though_o the_o authority_n be_v equivalent_a and_o likewise_o the_o three_o great_a change_n in_o rome_n which_o happen_v scarce_o eight_o year_n after_o the_o second_o in_o the_o 310th_o of_o the_o city_n 65_o year_n after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o king_n and_o 442_o before_o our_o saviour_n christ_n nativity_n chap._n v._n from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o military_a tribune_n to_o the_o burn_v of_o rome_n by_o the_o gaul_n which_o almost_o ruine_v the_o roman_a nation_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 54_o year_n i._o the_o consul_n be_v for_o once_o more_o lay_v aside_o militum_fw-la these_o new-mentioned_a magistrate_n succeed_v be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o tribuni_fw-la militum_fw-la or_o military_a tribune_n three_o patritian_n only_o be_v choose_v namely_o sempronius_n atratinus_n claelius_n siculus_n and_o attilius_n longus_n thus_o at_o first_o they_o be_v but_o three_o in_o number_n afterward_o they_o be_v increase_v to_o four_o and_o at_o length_n to_o six_o and_o though_o these_o have_v the_o power_n and_o ensign_n of_o consul_n yet_o their_o number_n together_o with_o the_o mixture_n of_o plebeian_n which_o afterward_o press_v in_o make_v their_o privilege_n and_o dignity_n seem_v something_o different_a and_o inferior_a whence_o a_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n afterward_o in_o way_n of_o contempt_n call_v they_o a_o proconsular_a image_n and_o manlius_n the_o dictator_n show_v that_o a_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v inferior_a to_o a_o consul_n compare_v his_o power_n to_o that_o of_o these_o magistrate_n these_o military_a tribune_n have_v hold_v their_o office_n almost_o eight_o week_n be_v constrain_v to_o lay_v it_o down_o for_o that_o the_o augur_n find_v some_o flaw_n in_o their_o election_n and_o consul_n be_v create_v afresh_o sempronius_n be_v one_o so_o that_o in_o seventy_o three_o day_n here_o be_v another_o change_n of_o government_n the_o old_a one_o prevail_v over_o the_o new_a the_o follow_a year_n they_o procure_v consul_n again_o to_o be_v elect_v and_o not_o military_a tribune_n who_o be_v geganius_n and_o
can_v not_o get_v in_o one_o of_o the_o commons_o which_o be_v a_o great_a mortification_n to_o the_o multitude_n at_o two_o year_n end_n the_o senate_n take_v occasion_n from_o the_o war_n of_o the_o aequi_n and_o volsci_n to_o bring_v in_o consul_n again_o and_o partly_o for_o the_o enemy_n great_a preparation_n and_o partly_o for_o the_o violent_a humour_n of_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n a_o dictator_n be_v likewise_o create_v though_o against_o the_o consul_n consent_n 322._o this_o be_v posthumius_fw-la tubero_n who_o have_v julius_n vopiscus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n who_o have_v finish_v this_o war_n successful_o triumph_v and_o lay_v down_o his_o office_n for_o four_o year_n after_o this_o they_o have_v consul_n in_o which_o space_n little_o be_v act_v abroad_o or_o at_o home_n then_o the_o commons_o prevail_v to_o have_v military_a tribune_n again_o create_v 326._o which_o be_v now_o the_o five_o time_n and_o they_o have_v four_o in_o number_n but_o still_o they_o can_v not_o bring_v about_o their_o design_n in_o this_o year_n fidenae_n revolt_v again_o and_o join_v with_o the_o veientes_n whereupon_o three_o of_o the_o consular_a tribune_n be_v send_v against_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o four_o leave_v to_o govern_v the_o city_n when_o they_o proceed_v to_o a_o engagement_n one_o of_o the_o tribune_n cry_v charge_n another_o cry_a halt_n all_o three_o be_v of_o a_o several_a mind_n till_o there_o be_v such_o confusion_n that_o the_o roman_n betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o heel_n and_o flee_v which_o sufficient_o convince_v they_o of_o the_o folly_n of_o have_v several_a general_n in_o one_o army_n the_o city_n upon_o this_o be_v put_v into_o such_o a_o consternation_n that_o immediate_o a_o dictator_n be_v create_v which_o be_v aemilius_n 327._o a_o three_o time_n who_o choose_v cossus_n who_o have_v obtain_v the_o last_o opima_fw-la spolia_fw-la for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n by_o the_o prudence_n and_o valour_n of_o these_o two_o the_o veientes_n be_v overthrow_v and_o fidenae_n once_o more_o take_v and_o plunder_v then_o aemilius_n return_v to_o rome_n in_o triumph_n lay_v down_o his_o office_n after_o he_o have_v hold_v it_o but_o 17_o day_n for_o two_o year_n after_o this_o military_a tribune_n continue_v at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o the_o senate_n take_v occasion_n from_o the_o war_n with_o the_o volsci_n and_o the_o absence_n of_o those_o magistrate_n to_o bring_v in_o consul_n again_o notwithstanding_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n oppose_v it_o as_o much_o as_o possible_a but_o sempronius_n one_o of_o the_o consul_n manage_v this_o war_n very_o careless_o the_o tribune_n from_o thence_o take_v advantage_n and_o military_a tribune_n be_v create_v again_o the_o next_o year_n this_o be_v for_o one_o year_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o the_o senate_n procure_v consul_n to_o be_v make_v again_o and_o capitolinus_n one_o of_o they_o gain_v advantage_n enough_o over_o the_o aequi_n to_o procure_v he_o a_o ovation_n when_o this_o year_n be_v expire_v there_o happen_v so_o great_a a_o contention_n about_o two_o quaestor_n or_o treasurer_n who_o the_o commons_o will_v have_v create_v out_o of_o their_o body_n that_o the_o state_n fall_v into_o a_o interregnum_fw-la papirius_n be_v interrex_n for_o a_o composure_n procure_v military_a tribune_n to_o be_v again_o admit_v and_o four_o quaestor_n which_o be_v two_o more_o than_o former_o to_o be_v create_v either_o out_o of_o the_o patritian_n or_o plebeian_n 333._o as_o the_o people_n shall_v think_v most_o proper_a in_o their_o comitia_fw-la notwithstanding_o this_o though_o many_o of_o the_o commons_o strive_v for_o it_o not_o one_o of_o they_o can_v get_v to_o be_v either_o military_a tribune_n or_o so_o much_o as_o quaestor_n which_o much_o incense_v the_o people_n in_o the_o second_o year_n after_o this_o military_a tribune_n still_o continue_v the_o slave_n conspire_v to_o fire_n the_o city_n and_o seize_v on_o the_o capitol_n but_o the_o plot_n be_v timely_o find_v out_o and_o the_o discoverer_n great_o reward_v the_o follow_a year_n the_o aequi_n join_v with_o the_o people_n of_o lavicum_fw-la press_v hard_o upon_o the_o roman_a territory_n and_o the_o consular_a tribune_n quarrel_v among_o themselves_o for_o the_o superiority_n they_o get_v great_a advantage_n 335._o insomuch_o that_o a_o dictator_n be_v create_v which_o be_v servilius_n priscus_n a_o second_o time_n who_o choose_v his_o son_n axilla_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n servilius_z soon_o dispatch_v his_o business_n and_o lay_v down_o his_o office_n after_o he_o have_v keep_v it_o but_o eight_o day_n after_o this_o for_o four_o year_n successive_o be_v military_a tribune_n instead_o of_o consul_n till_o new_a contention_n arise_v between_o the_o patritian_n and_o plebeian_n though_o partly_o from_o old_a heartburning_n and_o especial_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o agrarian_a law_n the_o state_n fall_v again_o into_o a_o interregnum_fw-la fabius_n be_v interrex_n bring_v in_o consul_n again_o which_o government_n continue_v for_o five_o year_n long_o in_o which_o space_n of_o time_n not_o very_o much_o be_v transact_v either_o abroad_o or_o at_o home_n in_o the_o five_o year_n the_o commons_o be_v cross_v in_o their_o design_n of_o bring_v in_o military_a tribune_n bestir_v themselves_o so_o much_o as_o to_o procure_v three_o of_o the_o quaestor_n to_o be_v create_v out_o of_o their_o own_o rank_n who_o be_v the_o first_o plebeian_n quaestor_n that_o ever_o be_v in_o rome_n 344._o the_o aequi_n and_o the_o volsci_n strengthen_v by_o confederacy_n make_v great_a ravages_n in_o the_o roman_a dominion_n and_o the_o commons_o refuse_v to_o list_n themselves_o according_a to_o their_o usual_a custom_n procure_v military_a tribune_n again_o who_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n but_o with_o so_o little_a success_n 345._o that_o a_o dictator_n be_v think_v necessary_a to_o be_v create_v this_o be_v cornelius_n cossus_n former_o mention_v who_o appoint_v servilius_n ahala_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n overthrow_v they_o in_o one_o battle_n waste_v their_o country_n and_o then_o return_v two_o year_n after_o the_o patritian_n and_o plebeian_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n reconcile_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o great_a plunder_n of_o anxur_n or_o terracina_n take_v from_o the_o volsci_n but_o especial_o by_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n for_o the_o public_a pay_n of_o the_o army_n with_o brass_n money_n before_o which_o time_n every_o soldier_n bear_v his_o own_o charge_n in_o the_o war_n as_o be_v hint_v former_o and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o time_n of_o the_o pay_v of_o soldier_n in_o rome_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o 347th_o year_n of_o the_o city_n the_o take_n of_o anxur_n and_o some_o other_o place_n from_o the_o volsci_n in_o a_o short_a time_n bring_v they_o to_o a_o peace_n and_o now_o the_o roman_a dominion_n be_v considerable_o increase_v iii_o about_o the_o same_o time_n 347._o war_n be_v proclaim_v against_o the_o veientes_n with_o that_o resolution_n and_o carry_v on_o with_o that_o vigour_n that_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o one_o of_o the_o two_o city_n must_v fall_v veii_n be_v a_o exceed_a large_a strong_a and_o wealthy_a city_n and_o have_v not_o only_o be_v a_o rival_n to_o rome_n for_o many_o year_n but_o have_v always_o be_v so_o perfidious_a that_o a_o full_a revenge_n be_v necessary_a the_o roman_n invest_v the_o city_n but_o it_o be_v seat_v upon_o a_o craggy_a rock_n they_o soon_o find_v it_o will_v cost_v they_o several_a year_n siege_n so_o that_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o carry_v it_o on_o both_o winter_n and_o summer_n the_o soldier_n lie_v under_o beast-skin_n at_o this_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n begin_v to_o repine_v as_o a_o thing_n whole_o new_a and_o dangerous_a complain_v likewise_o of_o the_o payment_n of_o soldier_n as_o a_o innovation_n and_o a_o unjust_a artifice_n to_o ruin_v the_o commons_o and_o the_o next_o year_n they_o get_v the_o number_n of_o the_o military_a tribune_n to_o be_v increase_v from_o four_o to_o six_o 348._o as_o it_o be_v at_o first_o design_v but_o still_o can_v not_o procure_v one_o plebeian_n to_o be_v elect_v and_o this_o number_n continue_v always_o for_o the_o future_a new_a stir_v daily_o arise_v notwithstanding_o the_o great_a diversion_n by_o war_n sometime_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o little_a success_n against_o veii_n the_o tribune_n blame_v the_o commander_n and_o prohibit_v the_o tax_n which_o have_v be_v lay_v upon_o the_o city_n ever_o since_o the_o soldier_n have_v receive_v pay_n about_o six_o year_n after_o they_o renew_v their_o ancient_n contest_v about_o the_o agrarian_a law_n and_o carry_v it_o on_o so_o far_o as_o to_o get_v it_o promulge_v among_o themselves_o though_o not_o in_o the_o senate_n and_o in_o the_o same_o year_n after_o much_o trouble_v and_o
pain_n 353._o they_o procure_v one_o plebeian_n to_o be_v elect_v into_o the_o consular_a tribune_n licinius_n calvus_n be_v the_o person_n they_o extreme_o applaud_v themselves_o for_o this_o it_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o the_o commons_o can_v make_v themselves_o sharer_n in_o the_o high_a office_n and_o now_o they_o most_o ready_o permit_v the_o pay_n of_o the_o army_n to_o be_v gather_v all_o stir_v be_v for_o a_o while_n lay_v aside_o the_o siege_n of_o veii_n be_v still_o carry_v on_o from_o year_n to_o year_n but_o with_o various_a success_n and_o under_o divers_a commander_n sometime_o all_o the_o besieger_n work_n be_v destroy_v and_o the_o man_n drive_v back_o with_o great_a loss_n by_o sally_n from_o the_o town_n then_o the_o falisci_n one_o of_o the_o twelve_o nation_n of_o hetruria_n join_v with_o the_o veientes_n and_o very_o much_o annoy_v the_o roman_n sometime_o to_o the_o great_a hazard_n of_o their_o whole_a army_n beside_o the_o roman_a force_n be_v much_o divert_v by_o the_o volsci_n who_o sudden_o take_v anxur_n and_o though_o in_o no_o long_a time_n it_o be_v retake_v yet_o still_o it_o be_v great_a hindrance_n to_o the_o siege_n of_o veii_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o this_o siege_n furius_n camillus_n a_o person_n extraordinary_a for_o courage_n and_o valour_n as_o well_o as_o other_o excellency_n be_v make_v one_o of_o the_o censor_n he_o find_v the_o war_n lay_v heavy_a cause_v the_o bachelor_n to_o marry_v the_o widow_n of_o such_o as_o have_v lose_v their_o life_n for_o their_o country_n and_o likewise_o be_v the_o first_o who_o oblige_v orphan_n to_o pay_v tax_n two_o year_n after_o he_o be_v make_v one_o of_o the_o military_a tribune_n but_o little_o fall_v to_o his_o share_n then_o three_o year_n after_o that_o which_o be_v the_o eight_o year_n of_o the_o siege_n he_o be_v a_o second_o time_n make_v military_a tribune_n in_o which_o time_n he_o march_v against_o the_o falisci_n and_o capenates_n both_o confederate_n of_o the_o veientes_n and_o great_a disturber_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o siege_n and_o force_v they_o all_o into_o their_o town_n of_o defence_n the_o tediousness_n of_o the_o siege_n make_v the_o roman_n resolve_v to_o carry_v it_o on_o with_o the_o utmost_a vigour_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n they_o create_v camillus_n dictator_n 357._o and_o he_o appoint_v cornâ—lius_n scipio_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n camillus_n draw_v out_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v raise_v and_o make_v a_o solemn_a vow_n that_o if_o he_o take_v veii_n he_o will_v dedicate_v the_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o plunder_n to_o apollo_n then_o march_v into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o falisci_n he_o overthrow_v they_o in_o a_o great_a battle_n together_o with_o the_o capenate_v their_o confederate_n and_o after_o that_o he_o turn_v all_o his_o force_n against_o veii_n all_o people_n great_o expect_v the_o avent_n of_o this_o important_a siege_n camillus_n find_v it_o very_o hazardous_a to_o attempt_v the_o storm_a a_o place_n of_o that_o strength_n both_o by_o art_n and_o nature_n secret_o wrought_v a_o mine_n into_o it_o with_o vast_a labour_n and_o find_v the_o city_n incapable_a of_o relief_n send_v to_o the_o senate_n who_o order_v all_o who_o have_v a_o desire_n to_o share_v in_o the_o rich_a spoil_n immediate_o to_o repair_v to_o the_o army_n which_o cause_v great_a multitude_n of_o all_o rank_n to_o go_v thither_o camillus_n at_o a_o appoint_a time_n order_v a_o party_n of_o man_n to_o enter_v the_o mine_n who_o with_o ease_n become_v master_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o great_a amazement_n of_o the_o besiege_a thus_o be_v the_o rich_a and_o strong_a city_n of_o veii_n take_v like_o a_o second_o troy_n after_o ten_o year_n siege_n which_o enrich_v the_o roman_n with_o vast_a plunder_n as_o for_o camillus_n himself_o he_o transport_v with_o the_o honour_n of_o subdue_a the_o great_a rival_n of_o rome_n triumph_v after_o a_o more_o magnificent_a manner_n than_o ordinary_a have_v his_o chariot_n draw_v by_o four_o milkwhite_a steed_n a_o thing_n which_o the_o roman_n look_v upon_o as_o sacred_a and_o peculiar_a to_o the_o king_n and_o father_n of_o the_o god_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v much_o offend_v at_o his_o carriage_n and_o indeed_o no_o man_n either_o before_o or_o since_o he_o ever_o assume_v so_o much_o honour_n to_o himself_o soon_o after_o the_o take_n of_o veii_n the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v ever_o restless_a propose_v a_o law_n to_o divide_v the_o senate_n and_o people_n into_o two_o part_n whereof_o one_o shall_v stay_v at_o rome_n and_o the_o other_o remove_n to_o veii_n and_o there_o settle_v this_o separation_n as_o they_o imagine_v be_v a_o ready_a mean_n for_o the_o enrich_n of_o both_o by_o the_o possession_n of_o two_o such_o considerable_a city_n the_o plebeian_n now_o rich_a as_o well_o as_o numerous_n press_v hard_o for_o this_o division_n but_o the_o patritian_n judge_v it_o will_v prove_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o state_n as_o earnest_o oppose_v it_o betake_v themselves_o to_o camillus_n who_o by_o prudent_o employ_v and_o various_o divert_v the_o multitude_n with_o much_o difficulty_n put_v it_o off_o but_o with_o the_o hatred_n of_o many_o of_o the_o commons_o but_o not_o long_o after_o there_o happen_v a_o great_a and_o more_o apparent_a cause_n of_o their_o hatred_n to_o he_o occasion_v by_o his_o neglect_v either_o through_o business_n or_o forgetfulness_n while_o he_o continue_v dictator_n to_o offer_v those_o ten_o of_o the_o spoil_n of_o veii_n which_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o expedition_n he_o have_v vow_v to_o apollo_n when_o therefore_o he_o have_v lay_v down_o his_o office_n he_o move_v the_o people_n to_o restore_v the_o ten_o of_o what_o they_o have_v receive_v and_o the_o priest_n also_o report_v that_o all_o the_o sacrifice_n portend_v the_o anger_n of_o the_o god_n which_o must_v be_v appease_v by_o gift_n so_o that_o the_o soldier_n who_o have_v already_o spend_v what_o they_o have_v gain_v upon_o their_o necessary_a occasion_n be_v force_v upon_o oath_n to_o restore_v the_o ten_o part_n to_o apollo_n which_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o very_a hard_a injunction_n and_o cause_v great_a murmur_n among_o the_o people_n now_o because_o there_o be_v little_a gold_n in_o the_o city_n the_o lady_n free_o contribute_v their_o dress_n and_o ornament_n which_o amount_v to_o eight_o talent_n in_o gold_n and_o the_o senate_n in_o requital_n of_o this_o generous_a act_n decree_v that_o woman_n shall_v for_o the_o future_a have_v the_o privilege_n and_o honour_n of_o funeral_n oration_n which_o before_o have_v never_o be_v allow_v â—em_v the_o commons_o still_o grow_v more_o turbulent_a and_o uneasy_a and_o move_v again_o for_o a_o separation_n the_o war_n with_o the_o falisci_n happy_o fall_v out_o to_o divert_v they_o for_o which_o camillus_n be_v make_v military_a tribune_n a_o three_o time_n 36â—_n he_o soon_o invest_v falerii_n the_o chief_a city_n a_o large_a and_o strong_a place_n 25_o mile_n almost_o north-west_n of_o rome_n where_o the_o schoolmaster_n of_o the_o town_n draw_v 〈◊〉_d his_o â—oys_n into_o the_o roman_a trench_n and_o offer_v he_o to_o betray_v the_o town_n by_o deliver_v up_o the_o son_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o magistrate_n camillus_n noble_a spirit_n will_v not_o permit_v he_o to_o hearken_v to_o such_o baseness_n but_o out_o of_o a_o extraordinary_a greatness_n of_o mind_n he_o immediate_o order_v the_o schoolmaster_n to_o be_v strip_v his_o hand_n tie_v behind_o he_o and_o in_o that_o ignominious_a manner_n to_o be_v whip_v into_o the_o town_n by_o his_o own_o boy_n the_o magistrate_n be_v so_o affect_v with_o the_o great_a generosity_n of_o the_o roman_a that_o they_o immediate_o yield_v and_o the_o senate_n leave_v the_o condition_n to_o camillus_n he_o only_o fine_v they_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n and_o receive_v they_o with_o all_o the_o falisci_n into_o friendship_n but_o the_o soldier_n who_o expect_v great_a plunder_n be_v extreme_o disgu_v and_o from_o that_o instant_a seek_v his_o ruin_n this_o same_o year_n the_o senate_n with_o much_o difficulty_n procure_v consul_n to_o be_v choose_v instead_o of_o military_a tribune_n after_o a_o intermission_n of_o 15_o year_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v consul_n also_o be_v choose_v again_o but_o in_o the_o three_o year_n military_a tribune_n in_o which_o time_n the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n move_v again_o for_o a_o separation_n but_o be_v so_o sharp_o oppose_v by_o camillus_n that_o in_o revenge_n they_o accuse_v he_o of_o fraudulent_a practice_n in_o the_o plunder_n of_o the_o late_a war_n camillus_n find_v the_o multitude_n exasperate_v against_o he_o for_o several_a reason_n and_o that_o they_o be_v now_o ready_a to_o condemn_v he_o leave_v the_o city_n but_o first_o lift_v up_o his_o hand_n towards_o the_o capitol_n
he_o pray_v that_o if_o his_o banishment_n be_v unjust_a and_o mere_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o rage_n and_o malice_n of_o the_o multitude_n they_o may_v sudden_o repent_v it_o and_o that_o it_o may_v visible_o appear_v to_o the_o world_n how_o much_o the_o roman_n be_v oblige_v by_o his_o action_n and_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o his_o presence_n thus_o like_o achilles_n leave_v his_o imprecation_n on_o the_o citizen_n he_o go_v into_o banishment_n be_v fine_v 15000_o ass_n iv._o about_o this_o same_o time_n 363._o many_o thousand_o of_o the_o gaul_n find_v their_o own_o country_n too_o narrow_a for_o they_o and_o desirous_a of_o remove_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o brennus_n their_o king_n break_v into_o hetruria_n and_o invest_v clusium_n a_o city_n in_o alliance_n with_o rome_n these_o be_v the_o galli_n senones_n a_o very_a numerous_a and_o warlike_a people_n inhabit_v most_o of_o that_o part_n of_o italy_n which_o now_o go_v by_o the_o name_n of_o lombardy_n and_o which_o the_o etrurians_n have_v be_v master_n of_o before_o they_o a_o people_n vast_a in_o body_n rude_a by_o nature_n barbarous_a in_o condition_n and_o wander_v as_o rover_n over_o many_o country_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o clusium_n much_o affright_v at_o their_o great_a number_n and_o dreadful_a look_n send_v immediate_o to_o rome_n beg_v that_o state_n to_o interpose_v by_o send_v ambassador_n and_o letter_n to_o dissuade_v these_o unjust_a aggressor_n from_o proceed_v in_o their_o enterprise_n the_o senate_n willing_a to_o perform_v this_o friendly_a part_n dispatch_v ambassador_n to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d choose_v out_o three_o of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d person_n of_o the_o great_a quality_n and_o the_o most_o honourable_a in_o the_o city_n for_o that_o office_n the_o gaul_n at_o first_o receive_v they_o courteous_o enough_o and_o come_v to_o a_o conference_n with_o they_o the_o ambassador_n demand_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o their_o present_a undertake_n and_o what_o injury_n the_o clusian_o have_v do_v they_o brennus_n make_v answer_v somewhat_o sharp_o that_o they_o have_v much_o injure_v they_o by_o refuse_v to_o part_v with_o some_o of_o their_o land_n when_o they_o have_v more_o than_o they_o themselves_o can_v easy_o manage_v and_o this_o be_v nothing_o more_o than_o what_o the_o roman_n themselves_o have_v do_v to_o the_o alban_n the_o fidenates_n the_o ardeate_n the_o veientes_n and_o many_o other_o people_n that_o they_o make_v war_n with_o these_o reflection_n so_o enrage_v the_o ambassador_n that_o they_o immediate_o stir_v up_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o make_v a_o sally_n against_o the_o besieger_n they_o themselves_o head_v '_o they_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o fight_n fabius_n amâ—usius_n one_o of_o the_o three_o kill_v a_o gaul_n of_o huge_a bulk_n and_o be_v discover_v while_o he_o be_v disarm_v of_o he_o whereupon_o brennus_n move_v with_o a_o just_a indignation_n immediate_o break_v up_o the_o siege_n and_o march_v direct_o for_o rome_n brennus_n that_o he_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n mean_o or_o unjust_o send_v first_o to_o rome_n demand_v the_o ambassador_n to_o be_v deliver_v up_o as_o have_v break_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n but_o favour_v so_o far_o prevail_v above_o equity_n that_o the_o matter_n be_v refer_v from_o the_o senate_n to_o the_o people_n no_o satisfaction_n can_v be_v have_v from_o either_o nay_o further_o the_o ambassador_n themselves_o be_v with_o three_o other_o create_v military_a tribune_n for_o carry_v on_o the_o war._n the_o gaul_n hear_v this_o in_o a_o great_a rage_n hasten_v their_o march_n breathe_v out_o nothing_o revenge_n and_o destruction_n to_o rome_n the_o place_n through_o which_o they_o march_v be_v so_o terrify_v with_o their_o number_n the_o fierceness_n of_o their_o nature_n and_o their_o dreadful_a preparation_n of_o war_n that_o they_o give_v their_o country_n for_o lose_v but_o contrary_a to_o their_o expectation_n they_o do_v no_o injury_n as_o they_o march_v cry_v that_o the_o roman_n only_o be_v their_o enemy_n and_o that_o they_o take_v all_o other_o for_o their_o friend_n the_o roman_n meet_v they_o at_o the_o river_n allia_n 11_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n with_o a_o army_n of_o 40000_o foot_n but_o most_o of_o they_o raw_a and_o unskilful_a man_n 364._o and_o what_o be_v more_o dangerous_a under_o the_o conduct_n of_o several_a commander_n in_o this_o condition_n they_o engage_v the_o gaul_n without_o either_o order_n or_o discipline_n or_o scarce_o any_o courage_n and_o be_v miserable_o defeat_v the_o left_a wing_n be_v immediate_o drive_v into_o the_o river_n and_o there_o entire_o cut_v off_o the_o right_o escape_v better_o though_o with_o great_a loss_n some_o drop_n into_o rome_n the_o rest_n as_o many_o as_o escape_v steal_v by_o night_n to_o veii_n give_v rome_n for_o lose_v and_o all_o that_o be_v in_o it_o for_o ruine_a this_o day_n be_v ever_o after_o brand_v for_o a_o unlucky_a day_n by_o the_o roman_n wherein_o no_o work_n of_o note_n be_v to_o be_v do_v and_o be_v call_v alliensis_n in_o their_o calendar_n never_o be_v rome_n in_o the_o like_a consternation_n as_o at_o the_o news_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o this_o battle_n and_o the_o sudden_a approach_n of_o the_o enemy_n nothing_o but_o miserable_a howl_n and_o lamentation_n be_v hear_v on_o all_o part_n some_o leave_v the_o city_n other_o creep_v into_o holes_n priest_n hide_v their_o relic_n woman_n run_v like_o distract_a person_n with_o their_o child_n in_o their_o arm_n and_o every_o one_o shift_v for_o himself_o so_o that_o rome_n become_v abandon_v and_o be_v leave_v open_a to_o the_o rage_n and_o fury_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o they_o who_o resolve_v to_o stay_v at_o rome_n quit_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o capitol_n which_o they_o fortify_v in_o order_n to_o hold_v out_o a_o siege_n only_o some_o of_o the_o pontifices_fw-la and_o priest_n and_o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o the_o senator_n such_o as_o have_v be_v honour_v with_o several_a consulship_n and_o triumph_n who_o can_v not_o endure_v to_o think_v of_o leave_v the_o city_n put_v on_o all_o their_o robe_n of_o state_n place_v themselves_o in_o the_o forum_n on_o their_o ivory_n chair_n resolve_v since_o they_o have_v live_v in_o honour_n to_o die_v in_o state_n and_o in_o that_o noble_a posture_n expect_v the_o utmost_a of_o what_o will_v follow_v on_o the_o three_o day_n after_o the_o victory_n the_o easiness_n of_o which_o much_o amaze_v the_o gaul_n brennus_n appear_v with_o all_o his_o force_n before_o the_o city_n and_o find_v the_o gate_n wide_o open_a the_o wall_n unguarded_a and_o all_o thing_n defenceless_a begin_v to_o suspect_v at_o first_o some_o stratagem_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o after_o a_o little_a consideration_n he_o enter_v the_o city_n and_o march_v into_o the_o forum_n he_o be_v more_o surprise_v than_o ever_o to_o find_v so_o many_o man_n sit_v all_o in_o that_o remarkable_a order_n and_o profound_a silence_n like_v so_o many_o statue_n their_o splendid_a habit_n and_o ornament_n their_o steady_a unconcern'dness_n their_o majestic_a gravity_n their_o venerable_a look_n together_o with_o that_o air_n of_o greatness_n which_o appear_v in_o they_o make_v the_o gaul_n imagine_v they_o to_o be_v a_o assembly_n of_o the_o god_n or_o at_o least_o somewhat_o more_o than_o human_a till_o one_o bold_a than_o the_o rest_n stroke_v papirius_n beard_n be_v strike_v by_o he_o with_o his_o ivory_n staff_n whereupon_o he_o immediate_o kill_v the_o old_a man._n upon_o which_o begin_v the_o slaughter_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o gaul_n follow_v his_o example_n set_v upon_o the_o rest_n and_o kill_v they_o all_o without_o mercy_n or_o distinction_n and_o continue_v their_o rage_n and_o fury_n dispatch_v all_o that_o come_v in_o their_o way_n in_o this_o manner_n they_o proceed_v sack_v and_o plunder_v the_o house_n for_o many_o day_n together_o then_o set_v the_o whole_a city_n in_o flame_n burn_v down_o every_o house_n to_o the_o ground_n thus_o be_v the_o famous_a city_n of_o rome_n lay_v all_o in_o ash_n except_o the_o capitol_n occasion_v by_o the_o roman_n manifest_a breach_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n this_o happen_v 364_o year_n after_o it_o be_v first_o build_v 119_o after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o king_n anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 3615_o in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o the_o 97th_o olympiad_n 60_o year_n before_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o persian_a empire_n and_o the_o set_n up_o of_o the_o macedonian_a by_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o 388_o before_o our_o saviour_n christ_n nativity_n chap._n vi_o from_o the_o burn_a of_o rome_n by_o the_o gaul_n to_o the_o war_n with_o the_o samnite_n when_o the_o roman_n begin_v much_o to_o extend_v their_o conquest_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 46_o year_n i._o room_n now_o feel_v the_o utmost_a
horse_n camillus_n overthrow_v both_o aequi_n and_o etrurians_n and_o force_v the_o volsci_n to_o yield_v themselves_o after_o the_o war_n have_v continue_v for_o seventy_o year_n for_o all_o which_o he_o have_v a_o three_o triumph_n three_o year_n after_o this_o camillus_n be_v military_a tribune_n overcome_v they_o again_o together_o with_o the_o hernici_n and_o latin_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o till_o now_o have_v be_v faithful_a ever_o since_o the_o battle_n at_o the_o rhegillan_n lake_n above_o a_o hundred_o year_n before_o and_o from_o the_o etrurians_n he_o recover_v two_o town_n 369._o which_o they_o have_v take_v from_o the_o ally_n of_o rome_n the_o year_n follow_v four_o tribe_n be_v add_v namely_o the_o stellatine_a the_o normentine_n the_o sabbatine_a and_o the_o arnian_a which_o now_o make_v the_o whole_a number_n twenty_o five_o about_o this_o time_n manlius_n who_o for_o his_o great_a service_n in_o save_v the_o capitol_n have_v now_o get_v the_o surname_n of_o capitolinus_n begin_v to_o grow_v very_o haughty_a and_o ambitious_a and_o by_o his_o ingratiate_a himself_o with_o the_o common_a sort_n his_o pay_v their_o debt_n and_o his_o rail_n at_o the_o nobility_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o sovereignty_n be_v his_o aim_n the_o number_n that_o he_o get_v over_o to_o his_o party_n together_o with_o the_o war_n renew_v with_o the_o volsci_n make_v the_o senate_n procure_v a_o dictator_n to_o be_v create_v 369._o who_o be_v cornelius_n cossus_n who_o make_v choice_n of_o quintius_n capitolinus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n cossus_n soon_o overthrow_v the_o enemy_n and_o return_v home_o in_o triumph_n call_v manlius_n to_o a_o account_n and_o put_v he_o in_o prison_n but_o the_o multitude_n extreme_o afflict_v at_o this_o put_v on_o mourn_a garment_n and_o make_v such_o dangerous_a disturbance_n that_o after_o some_o time_n he_o be_v set_v at_o liberty_n and_o soon_o after_o cossus_n lay_v down_o his_o office_n but_o manlius_n still_o grow_v more_o insolent_a hold_v private_a cabal_n and_o fill_v the_o whole_a city_n with_o faction_n and_o sedition_n the_o senate_n remit_v his_o business_n to_o the_o care_n of_o the_o military_a tribune_n whereof_o camillus_n be_v one_o and_o a_o day_n be_v â—et_v he_o to_o answer_v for_o his_o life_n the_o place_n of_o his_o trial_n be_v right_a over-against_o the_o capitol_n where_o when_o he_o be_v accuse_v he_o often_o point_v to_o it_o and_o with_o weep_a eye_n and_o move_a voice_n let_v the_o people_n know_v what_o a_o noble_a piece_n of_o service_n he_o have_v do_v there_o this_o move_v the_o multitude_n to_o such_o pity_n and_o compassion_n that_o camillus_n cause_v the_o judge_n to_o remove_v he_o without_o the_o gate_n to_o the_o peteline_n grove_n where_o have_v no_o view_n of_o the_o capitol_n he_o be_v condemn_v to_o be_v throw_v down_o the_o tarpeian_a rock_n the_o place_n both_o of_o his_o high_a honour_n and_o great_a infamy_n ant_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o none_o of_o the_o manlii_n afterward_o shall_v be_v call_v marcus_n thus_o jealous_a be_v rome_n of_o her_o liberty_n that_o no_o desert_n can_v atone_v for_o presume_v to_o offer_v at_o that_o about_o three_o year_n after_o 372._o camillus_n be_v choose_v military_a tribune_n a_o six_o time_n though_o much_o against_o his_o consent_n and_o march_v against_o the_o volsci_n where_o lucius_n his_o colleague_n eager_a to_o engage_v the_o enemy_n when_o camillus_n judge_v it_o dangerous_a be_v permit_v to_o fight_v alone_o camillus_n be_v leave_v weak_a in_o his_o bed_n lucius_n be_v soon_o worsted_n and_o his_o army_n almost_o rout_v when_o camillus_n rouse_a himself_n be_v present_o help_v up_o on_o horseback_n where_o make_v his_o way_n through_o they_o that_o flee_v he_o drive_v furious_o to_o oppose_v the_o pursuer_n which_o boldness_n so_o encourage_v the_o soldier_n that_o they_o all_o rally_v again_o resolve_v never_o to_o forsake_v a_o general_n so_o famous_a for_o his_o action_n and_o so_o venerable_a for_o age_n by_o this_o the_o enemy_n be_v soon_o stop_v and_o the_o next_o day_n entire_o rout_v lose_v bag_n and_o baggage_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o men._n the_o year_n follow_v great_a stir_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o city_n about_o the_o creditor_n and_o debtor_n which_o give_v a_o opportunity_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o praeneste_n a_o town_n of_o latium_n with_o its_o dependent_n to_o make_v incursion_n and_o devastation_n to_o the_o wall_n of_o rome_n to_o the_o great_a danger_n and_o damage_n of_o the_o city_n this_o and_o the_o trouble_n at_o home_n cause_v the_o senate_n to_o create_v a_o dictator_n 373._o which_o be_v quinctius_n cincinnatus_n who_o appoint_v sempronius_n atratinus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o he_o be_v so_o successful_a against_o they_o that_o he_o overthrow_v they_o take_v the_o eight_o town_n that_o be_v their_o dependent_n by_o storm_n and_o praeneste_n itself_o by_o surrender_n then_o return_v in_o triumph_n with_o the_o statue_n of_o jupiter_n imperator_n which_o he_o put_v into_o the_o capitol_n he_o lay_v down_o his_o office_n after_o keep_v of_o it_o but_o twenty_o day_n two_o year_n after_o this_o 275._o a_o dangerous_a contest_v happen_v between_o the_o patritian_n and_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n occasion_v by_o fabius_n ambustus_n a_o tribune_n who_o have_v marry_v one_o daughter_n to_o a_o patrician_n and_o the_o other_o to_o a_o plebeian_n the_o latter_a be_v very_o much_o concern_v at_o her_o husband_n want_n of_o equal_a honour_n fabius_n tell_v she_o that_o he_o will_v so_o manage_v affair_n that_o her_o house_n shall_v short_o be_v of_o the_o same_o dignity_n as_o her_o sister_n from_o that_o time_n therefore_o he_o consult_v with_o licinius_n stolo_n her_o husband_n and_o l._n sestius_n about_o prefer_v a_o law_n for_o make_v one_o consul_n out_o of_o the_o commons_o these_o two_o be_v make_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n labour_v so_o violent_o about_o this_o law_n and_o the_o contest_v be_v carry_v with_o such_o wonderful_a heat_n and_o animosity_n on_o both_o side_n that_o from_o the_o year_n 〈◊〉_d to_o â—82_n which_o be_v five_o year_n no_o supreme_a magistrate_n be_v choose_v at_o all_o nor_o any_o other_o but_o tribune_n and_o aedile_n who_o keep_v their_o place_n all_o that_o time_n and_o in_o all_o this_o unhappy_a space_n there_o be_v little_o better_a than_o anarchy_n and_o confusion_n in_o rome_n till_o the_o year_n 282_o they_o procure_v military_a tribune_n to_o be_v choose_v but_o still_o the_o contest_v be_v keep_v up_o on_o both_o side_n 284._o when_o two_o year_n after_o camillus_n be_v make_v dictator_n a_o four_o time_n but_o much_o against_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n he_o choose_v aemilius_n mamercinus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o with_o much_o difficulty_n bring_v both_o party_n to_o a_o better_a and_o more_o moderate_a temper_n but_o find_v the_o multitude_n so_o very_o stubborn_a and_o resolute_a in_o their_o design_n withal_o threaten_v to_o fine_a he_o if_o he_o comply_v not_o he_o soon_o lay_v down_o his_o office_n upon_o this_o another_o dictator_n be_v immediate_o create_v which_o be_v one_o manlius_n capitolinus_n who_o choose_v licinius_n stolo_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n 285._o and_o he_o be_v the_o first_o plebeian_n that_o ever_o obtain_v this_o honour_n stolo_n who_o have_v be_v the_o great_a occasion_n of_o these_o disturbance_n now_o take_v a_o occasion_n to_o prefer_v a_o law_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v possess_v above_o 500_o acre_n of_o land_n which_o be_v very_o disadvantageous_a to_o the_o patritian_n and_o more_o to_o himself_o for_o soon_o after_o he_o be_v find_v to_o have_v above_o that_o proportion_n and_o so_o be_v punish_v by_o virtue_n of_o his_o own_o constitution_n iii_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o violent_a contention_n about_o the_o consulship_n news_n be_v bring_v to_o rome_n that_o many_o thousand_o of_o the_o gaul_n be_v march_v from_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n towards_o rome_n this_o put_v the_o city_n into_o a_o great_a fright_v and_o all_o begin_v to_o lay_v aside_o their_o private_a difference_n and_o to_o think_v of_o nothing_o but_o of_o the_o common_a safety_n for_o they_o have_v fear_v the_o gaul_n so_o much_o that_o a_o law_n be_v make_v that_o priest_n shall_v be_v excuse_v from_o all_o war_n unless_o in_o a_o invasion_n from_o the_o gaul_n 387._o all_o unanimous_o agree_v to_o make_v camillus_n dictator_n a_o five_o time_n now_o near_o 80_o year_n old_a who_o refuse_v not_o the_o employment_n in_o this_o dangerous_a juncture_n but_o present_o choose_v quinctius_n cincinnatus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n camillus_n consider_v that_o the_o force_n of_o the_o gaul_n lay_v chief_o in_o their_o sword_n with_o which_o they_o lay_v about_o they_o in_o a_o rude_a and_o unskilful_a manner_n therefore_o he_o furnish_v his_o
whence_o he_o have_v the_o surname_n of_o corvus_n and_o his_o posterity_n all_o call_v corvini_n this_o combat_n bring_v both_o army_n to_o a_o battle_n and_o the_o gaul_n be_v entire_o rout_v 405._o camillus_n return_v home_o procure_v a_o dictator_n to_o be_v create_v for_o the_o hold_n of_o the_o comitia_fw-la for_o a_o new_a election_n of_o consul_n this_o be_v manlius_n torquatus_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v cornelius_n cossus_n and_o in_o this_o comitia_fw-la valerius_n corvus_n for_o his_o great_a desert_n be_v make_v consul_n at_o 23_o year_n age_n a_o thing_n indeed_o very_o extraordinary_a now_o the_o army_n be_v disband_v and_o for_o a_o short_a space_n there_o be_v both_o peace_n abroad_o and_o concord_n at_o home_n this_o year_n a_o colony_n be_v draw_v out_o from_o the_o city_n antia_n to_o people_n satricum_n which_o have_v be_v destroy_v by_o the_o latin_n and_o also_o at_o rome_n a_o league_n be_v conclude_v with_o the_o ambassador_n of_o carthage_n who_o come_v on_o purpose_n to_o desire_v amity_n between_o both_o nation_n as_o livy_n relate_v it_o above_o three_o year_n after_o the_o arunci_n a_o people_n beyond_o the_o volsci_n and_o one_o of_o the_o six_o nation_n of_o latium_n in_o the_o large_a extent_n make_v a_o sudden_a invasion_n upon_o the_o roman_a territory_n and_o upon_o suspicion_n that_o it_o be_v by_o the_o instigation_n of_o the_o whole_a latin_a nation_n 408._o furius_n camillus_n be_v create_v dictator_n as_o if_o all_o latium_n have_v be_v up_o in_o arms._n he_o choose_v manlius_n capitelinus_fw-la for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n who_o he_o find_v more_o like_a robber_n than_o soldier_n so_o that_o in_o the_o very_a first_o battle_n they_o be_v disperse_v and_o that_o war_n dispatch_v a_o year_n after_o a_o temple_n be_v dedicate_v to_o juno_n moneta_n on_o the_o capitol_n hill_n as_o the_o last_o dictator_n have_v vow_v and_o soon_o after_o some_o prodigy_n be_v observe_v of_o which_o the_o roman_n be_v so_o superstitious_o fearful_a that_o they_o create_v a_o dictator_n to_o constitute_v certain_a feast_n and_o holiday_n for_o the_o appease_n of_o the_o god_n and_o divert_v the_o judgement_n threaten_v valâ—rius_n poplicola_n be_v the_o person_n and_o fabius_n ambustus_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n 409._o and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o create_v upon_o this_o account_n order_n be_v give_v that_o not_o only_o all_o the_o tribe_n shall_v go_v in_o procession_n with_o their_o solemn_a prayer_n but_o also_o the_o border_a nation_n with_o precise_a direction_n upon_o what_o day_n each_o of_o they_o shall_v make_v their_o supplication_n this_o year_n likewise_o the_o usurer_n be_v prosecute_v by_o the_o aedile_n and_o severe_a sentence_n give_v against_o they_o by_o the_o people_n these_o be_v the_o principal_a war_n and_o action_n of_o the_o roman_n with_o their_o near_a neighbour_n which_o be_v observe_v by_o their_o own_o historian_n to_o have_v be_v all_o defensive_a or_o at_o least_o not_o begin_v without_o just_a ground_n and_o provocation_n yet_o these_o which_o may_v well_o enough_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o defensive_a war_n still_o increase_v the_o roman_a dominion_n which_o now_o contain_v in_o effect_n all_o old_a latium_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o other_o five_o nation_n afterward_o comprehend_v under_o that_o name_n viz._n the_o volsci_n aequi_n rutili_fw-la hernici_n and_o arunci_n together_o with_o most_o of_o sabina_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o hetruria_n so_o that_o now_o their_o dominion_n contain_v more_o than_o double_a the_o extent_n of_o what_o they_o be_v at_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o king_n the_o last_o dictator_n beforemention_v be_v create_v a_o year_n before_o the_o war_n with_o the_o samnite_n which_o war_n begin_v a._n m._n 3661._o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o 109th_o olympiad_n 410_o year_n after_o the_o building_n of_o the_o city_n 165_o after_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n 46_o since_o the_o restoration_n of_o the_o city_n 14_o before_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o persian_a and_o the_o set_n up_o the_o macedonian_a empire_n by_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o 342_o before_o our_o saviour_n christ_n nativity_n chap._n vii_o from_o the_o war_n with_o the_o samnite_n to_o the_o war_n with_o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epirus_n the_o first_o foreigner_n they_o have_v to_o deal_v with_o wherein_o the_o roman_n begin_v to_o learn_v the_o art_n of_o war._n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 63_o year_n i._o hitherto_o the_o roman_n have_v all_o their_o war_n nigh_o home_o 410._o and_o as_o it_o be_v at_o their_o own_o gate_n but_o now_o daily_o gather_v strength_n and_o increase_n in_o power_n they_o venture_v against_o the_o warlike_a samnite_n a_o people_n above_o 100_o miles_n east_n of_o rome_n these_o samnite_n be_v a_o hardy_a nation_n descend_v from_o the_o sabine_n from_o who_o they_o probable_o have_v their_o name_n and_o inhabit_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o that_o side_n of_o italy_n which_o now_o go_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n have_v likewise_o seven_o other_o people_n as_o dependent_n namely_o the_o picentes_n vestini_n marrucini_n frentini_fw-la peligni_n marsi_n and_o hirpini_n the_o occasion_n of_o this_o war_n be_v the_o samnite_n contest_v with_o their_o neighbour_n the_o sidicini_n who_o immediate_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o campanian_o for_o succour_n these_o campanian_o be_v a_o luxurious_a and_o effeminate_a people_n inhabit_v a_o delicious_a country_n border_v on_o samnium_n and_o be_v so_o weaken_v that_o they_o send_v to_o rome_n for_o aid_n their_o ambassador_n implore_v it_o with_o tear_n and_o give_v up_o both_o themselves_o and_o country_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o senate_n at_o first_o be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o begin_v a_o war_n with_o the_o samnite_n as_o be_v their_o friend_n and_o ally_n but_o the_o importunate_a cry_n and_o prayer_n of_o the_o ambassador_n and_o more_o especial_o the_o scornful_a refusal_n of_o the_o samnite_n to_o desist_v from_o ravage_v the_o territory_n of_o capua_n and_o campania_n so_o far_o prevail_v as_o at_o last_o to_o make_v they_o undertake_v the_o war._n the_o consul_n valerius_n and_o cornelius_n begin_v their_o march_n with_o two_o distinct_a army_n one_o to_o capua_n and_o the_o other_o into_o samnium_n valerius_n after_o a_o most_o bloody_a and_o obstinate_a fight_n overthrow_v the_o enemy_n in_o campania_n and_o become_v master_n of_o their_o camp_n the_o roman_n confess_v they_o never_o meet_v with_o more_o resolute_a enemy_n and_o demand_v of_o they_o what_o make_v they_o fly_v after_o so_o brave_a a_o resistance_n they_o answer_v that_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o roman_n appear_v to_o they_o like_o flame_n of_o fire_n and_o their_o look_n so_o fierce_a and_o dreadful_a as_o not_o to_o be_v bear_v with_o in_o samnium_n cornelius_n the_o other_o consul_n have_v unwary_o lead_v his_o army_n too_o forward_o into_o a_o dangerous_a place_n p._n decius_n a_o tribune_n in_o the_o army_n bold_o possess_v himself_o of_o a_o hill_n above_o the_o enemy_n who_o much_o surprise_v at_o the_o attempt_n turn_v their_o principal_a force_n thither_o which_o give_v opportunity_n to_o the_o consul_n to_o draw_v off_o his_o man_n to_o a_o more_o convenient_a place_n whereupon_o decius_n with_o a_o undaunted_a bravery_n though_o surround_v break_v through_o the_o enemy_n which_o more_o amaze_v they_o than_o ever_o and_o the_o consul_n at_o the_o same_o time_n charge_v with_o great_a resolution_n so_o great_a a_o victory_n be_v obtain_v that_o 30000_o of_o the_o samnite_n be_v slay_v both_o the_o consul_n triumph_v over_o the_o samnite_n and_o decius_n be_v high_o honour_v by_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n for_o his_o great_a service_n soon_o after_o this_o ambassadors_z from_o campania_n request_v to_o have_v garrison_n from_o the_o roman_n that_o winter_n in_o capua_n and_o other_o place_n to_o secure_v they_o from_o the_o insult_v of_o the_o samnite_n which_o be_v according_o send_v but_o many_o of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n be_v of_o corrupt_a with_o the_o delight_n and_o pleasure_n of_o capua_n that_o they_o begin_v to_o form_v a_o design_n of_o destroy_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o take_v the_o town_n to_o themselves_o this_o design_n be_v communicate_v to_o many_o of_o their_o companion_n in_o other_o place_n and_o well_o approve_v of_o but_o it_o be_v soon_o discover_v to_o some_o of_o their_o officer_n who_o make_v several_a removeal_v to_o disperse_v '_o they_o but_o the_o soldier_n find_v themselves_o liable_a to_o be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n and_o perhaps_o severe_o punish_v as_o soon_o as_o they_o find_v opportunity_n gather_v themselves_o together_o and_o daily_o increase_v their_o number_n march_v direct_o for_o rome_n in_o a_o rebellious_a and_o hostile_a manner_n this_o piece_n of_o boldness_n so_o surprise_v the_o senate_n
that_o they_o present_o create_v a_o dictator_n 411._o which_o be_v valerius_n corvus_n one_o of_o the_o last_o year_n consul_n who_o appoint_v aemilius_n mamercinus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o march_v against_o the_o rebel_n who_o have_v now_o force_v t._n quintius_n a_o eminent_a soldier_n to_o be_v their_o general_n upon_o the_o approach_n of_o both_o army_n the_o rebel_n out_o of_o fear_n yield_v themselves_o and_o be_v receive_v into_o favour_n the_o dictator_n have_v no_o more_o employment_n abroad_o in_o the_o same_o year_n the_o frequent_a inroad_n make_v by_o the_o roman_n into_o the_o samnite_n country_n draw_v they_o to_o a_o peace_n the_o sidicini_n be_v leave_v to_o their_o mercy_n ii_o soon_o after_o this_o peace_n the_o samnite_n desire_v of_o the_o roman_n that_o the_o latin_n and_o campanian_o may_v be_v command_v not_o to_o assist_v the_o sidicini_n but_o because_o the_o senate_n will_v not_o deny_v that_o these_o nation_n be_v under_o their_o command_n and_o be_v likewise_o unwilling_a to_o provoke_v they_o such_o a_o ambiguous_a answer_n be_v return_v that_o the_o latin_n and_o campanian_o think_v themselves_o so_o far_o disoblige_v as_o to_o revolt_v manlius_n torquatus_n now_o consul_n the_o three_o time_n and_o his_o colleague_n decius_n must_n be_v send_v by_o the_o senate_n to_o chastise_v the_o latin_n who_o now_o will_v be_v satisfy_v with_o no_o less_o than_o have_v one_o of_o the_o consul_n and_o half_o the_o senator_n choose_v out_o of_o their_o nation_n upon_o certain_a dream_n and_o prognostication_n that_o the_o general_n on_o one_o side_n and_o the_o army_n on_o the_o other_o be_v certain_o to_o be_v destroy_v the_o consul_n solemn_o agree_v that_o in_o what_o part_n the_o roman_a army_n shall_v be_v distress_a the_o commander_n of_o that_o part_n shall_v devote_v himself_o to_o the_o god_n and_o die_v for_o his_o country_n which_o generous_a resolution_n be_v confirm_v by_o oath_n and_o because_o they_o be_v all_o acquaint_v with_o each_o other_o discipline_n and_o way_n of_o fight_v strict_a command_n be_v give_v that_o no_o man_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n shall_v fight_v without_o order_n both_o army_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n and_o a_o bloody_a and_o obstinate_a engagement_n immediate_o follow_v the_o latin_n press_v very_o hard_o upon_o decius_n part_n he_o according_a to_o his_o promise_n devote_v himself_o to_o the_o god_n and_o rush_v violent_o into_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o enemy_n after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n lose_v his_o life_n the_o latin_n be_v soon_o after_o entire_o defeat_v nor_o be_v the_o discipline_n of_o manlius_n less_o remarkable_a than_o the_o courage_n of_o decius_n in_o relation_n to_o his_o own_o son_n for_o he_o pass_v with_o his_o troop_n before_o the_o battle_n nigh_o the_o enemy_n be_v challenge_v by_o metius_n captain_n of_o the_o tusculan_n who_o when_o he_o have_v slay_v and_o strip_v his_o father_n with_o tear_n commend_v he_o for_o his_o valour_n but_o condemn_v he_o for_o his_o disobedience_n which_o though_o a_o sad_a be_v a_o profitable_a example_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o man_n and_o after_o that_o cruel_a command_n be_v usual_o call_v manliana_n dicta_fw-la the_o latin_n now_o defeat_v beg_v peace_n which_o be_v give_v they_o though_o not_o with_o the_o same_o condition_n to_o all_o manlius_n return_v in_o triumph_n but_o be_v meet_v only_o by_o the_o old_a man_n the_o young_a one_o refuse_v to_o do_v he_o that_o honour_n and_o ever_o after_o hate_v he_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o his_o son_n soon_o after_o the_o people_n of_o antium_n and_o ardea_n make_v incursion_n into_o the_o roman_a territory_n 413._o but_o manlius_n be_v sick_a he_o name_v papyrius_n crassus_n for_o dictator_n who_o appoint_v papyrius_n cursor_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o keep_v the_o field_n some_o month_n in_o the_o antiate_n country_n but_o no_o remarkable_a action_n happen_v the_o consul_n for_o the_o follow_a year_n aemilius_n and_o publius_n overthrow_v the_o latin_n who_o have_v again_o revolt_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o some_o land_n take_v from_o '_o they_o publius_n by_o who_o conduct_n the_o victory_n be_v obtain_v receive_v into_o alliance_n such_o city_n as_o have_v be_v worsted_n and_o aemilius_n march_v his_o army_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o pedum_n which_o receive_v supply_n from_o several_a place_n though_o he_o have_v the_o advantage_n in_o all_o skirmish_n yet_o still_o the_o town_n hold_v out_o and_o he_o understanding_n that_o his_o colleague_n be_v return_v to_o his_o triumph_n he_o immediate_o leave_v the_o siege_n and_o go_v for_o rome_n to_o demand_v that_o honour_n likewise_o the_o senate_n be_v much_o offend_v at_o this_o presumption_n deny_v he_o that_o honour_n except_o pedum_n be_v either_o take_v or_o surrender_v which_o cause_v he_o out_o of_o revenge_n to_o join_v with_o the_o tribune_n against_o the_o patritian_n the_o rest_n of_o his_o time_n his_o colleague_n not_o oppose_v it_o be_v himself_o a_o plebeian_n the_o senate_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n to_o get_v free_a of_o they_o both_o order_v a_o dictator_n to_o be_v create_v who_o it_o fall_v to_o aemilius_n share_n to_o nominate_v as_o have_v the_o fasces_fw-la that_o month._n aemilius_n name_v his_o colleague_n publius_n philo_n 414._o who_o appoint_v junius_n brutus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o be_v the_o second_o plebeian_n dictator_n in_o rome_n publius_n be_v a_o great_a vexation_n to_o the_o nobility_n and_o be_v full_a of_o invective_n against_o they_o procure_v three_o remarkable_a law_n whereof_o the_o first_o alter_v the_o very_a constitution_n of_o the_o state_n which_o be_v that_o the_o plebiscita_fw-la shall_v bind_v the_o quirite_n or_o citizen_n of_o rome_n of_o all_o rank_n and_o degree_n whatsoever_o the_o second_o be_v that_o such_o law_n as_o be_v enact_v in_o the_o centuriate_a comitia_fw-la shall_v be_v propose_v or_o pass_v by_o the_o senate_n before_o they_o be_v vote_v by_o the_o people_n the_o three_o that_o whereas_o they_o have_v obtain_v before_o that_o both_o the_o censor_n may_v be_v plebeian_n now_o one_o at_o least_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v so_o so_o now_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n be_v more_o impair_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o these_o two_o at_o home_n than_o it_o be_v augment_v by_o their_o valour_n abroad_o in_o the_o follow_a year_n wherein_o furius_n camillus_n and_o c._n maenius_n be_v consul_n pedum_n be_v take_v by_o storm_n and_o the_o consul_n in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o victory_n conquer_a all_o latium_n bring_v it_o and_o some_o neighbour_a part_n to_o a_o entire_a submission_n for_o which_o they_o triumph_v and_o have_v statue_n on_o horseback_n erect_v for_o they_o in_o the_o forum_n a_o honour_n very_o rare_a in_o those_o day_n the_o several_a people_n of_o latium_n have_v several_a condition_n of_o peace_n appoint_v they_o some_o be_v reward_v and_o honour_v other_o punish_v and_o disgrace_v according_a as_o their_o former_a behaviour_n have_v be_v to_o antium_n be_v send_v a_o new_a colony_n the_o old_a inhabitant_n be_v forbid_v the_o sea_n and_o have_v all_o their_o long_a ship_n take_v from_o they_o but_o have_v leave_v to_o enter_v themselves_o in_o the_o colony_n and_o be_v make_v free_a of_o that_o city_n the_o ship_n be_v some_o of_o they_o bring_v into_o the_o roman_a arsenal_n other_o burn_v and_o with_o their_o rostra_fw-la or_o beak_n be_v the_o gallery_n or_o pulpit_n for_o oration_n in_o the_o forum_n adorn_v whence_o that_o have_v afterward_o the_o name_n of_o rostra_fw-la rostra_fw-la the_o year_n follow_v minutia_n a_o vestal_a virgin_n be_v bury_v alive_a in_o the_o campus_n sceleratus_fw-la which_o as_o livy_n believe_v have_v its_o name_n from_o incest_n for_o so_o incontinency_n in_o those_o woman_n be_v call_v and_o in_o this_o same_o year_n publius_n philo_n be_v make_v praetor_n who_o be_v the_o first_o plebeian_n that_o obtain_v this_o honour_n 416._o the_o senate_n little_o regard_v it_o have_v be_v so_o often_o overpower_v in_o matter_n of_o the_o great_a consequence_n and_o this_o happen_v in_o the_o 416th_o year_n of_o the_o city_n and_o 28_o year_n after_o the_o first_o creation_n of_o this_o office_n iii_o not_o long_o after_o the_o agreement_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o latin_n a_o war_n break_v out_o between_o the_o arunci_n and_o the_o sidicini_n in_o campania_n in_o which_o the_o latter_a constrain_v the_o former_a to_o abandon_v their_o ancient_a seat_n and_o settle_v in_o suessa_n which_o be_v afterward_o call_v arunca_n the_o arunci_n have_v give_v up_o themselves_o to_o the_o roman_n who_o thereupon_o order_v they_o relief_n but_o the_o consul_n defer_v it_o lose_v the_o opportunity_n of_o assist_v '_o they_o but_o in_o the_o next_o year_n the_o sidicini_n with_o their_o confederate_n and_o neighbour_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o cales_n be_v overthrow_v
and_o valerius_n corvus_n now_o the_o four_o time_n consul_n for_o the_o follow_a year_n and_o one_o of_o the_o great_a roman_a commander_n of_o his_o time_n take_v cales_n also_o in_o which_o he_o place_v a_o colony_n of_o 2500_o person_n corvus_n return_v in_o triumph_n but_o he_o and_o his_o colleague_n be_v employ_v in_o some_o small_a action_n abroad_o a_o dictator_n be_v create_v for_o the_o hold_v the_o comitia_fw-la for_o the_o election_n of_o new_a consul_n which_o be_v aemilius_n mamercinus_n who_o appoint_v publius_n philo_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n 418._o two_o year_n before_o this_o a_o dictator_n be_v create_v and_o another_o a_o year_n after_o this_o but_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o undue_a election_n and_o their_o not_o act_v i_o shall_v not_o reckon_v they_o among_o the_o number_n of_o dictator_n affair_n abroad_o be_v in_o a_o peaceable_a posture_n for_o some_o time_n but_o in_o two_o or_o three_o year_n the_o mere_a rumour_n of_o a_o invasion_n by_o the_o gaul_n occasion_v the_o creation_n of_o a_o dictator_n which_o be_v papirius_n crassus_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v v._o poplicola_n 421._o but_o neither_o of_o they_o have_v any_o extraordinary_a employment_n in_o this_o same_o year_n two_o new_a tribe_n be_v add_v namely_o the_o metian_a and_o the_o scaptian_n for_o the_o late_o admit_v citizen_n which_o now_o make_v the_o number_n twenty_o nine_o the_o arunci_n be_v also_o make_v free_a of_o the_o city_n time_n but_o without_o the_o privilege_n of_o vote_v by_o a_o law_n prefer_v by_o papirius_n the_o praetor_n about_o a_o year_n after_o the_o settlement_n of_o these_o matter_n above_o 170_o woman_n be_v put_v to_o death_n for_o the_o art_n of_o poison_v be_v discover_v by_o a_o she-slave_n this_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o such_o a_o prodigy_n by_o the_o superstitious_a people_n that_o a_o dictator_n be_v create_v to_o drive_v a_o nail_n into_o jupiter_n temple_n 422._o as_o the_o best_a remedy_n for_o the_o distemper_n of_o the_o state_n quintius_n varus_n be_v the_o man_n and_o valerius_n potius_fw-la his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o this_o be_v the_o second_o dictator_n create_v upon_o that_o account_n for_o the_o two_o succeed_a year_n a_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o against_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o privernum_n in_o the_o volscian_a state_n who_o be_v draw_v into_o it_o by_o vitrurius_n vaccus_n a_o man_n of_o principal_a note_n among_o the_o arunci_n the_o first_o year_n they_o be_v overthrow_v the_o next_o vitrurius_n be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o privernum_n surrender_v the_o principal_a actor_n with_o vitrurius_n be_v put_v to_o death_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v free_a of_o the_o city_n 424._o this_o happen_v in_o the_o same_o year_n with_o alexander_n destroy_v the_o persian_a empire_n and_o his_o set_n up_o the_o macedonian_a and_o 60_o after_o the_o burn_a of_o rome_n by_o the_o gaul_n in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o after_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o palaepolis_n in_o campania_n trust_v to_o the_o treachery_n of_o the_o samnite_n and_o take_v advantage_n from_o a_o plague_n in_o rome_n commit_v great_a act_n of_o hostility_n against_o the_o roman_n who_o dwell_v about_o cumae_n and_o falernus_n war_n be_v present_o declare_v against_o they_o and_o though_o they_o we_o assist_v by_o the_o samnite_n and_o tarentines_n a_o people_n beyond_o they_o yet_o they_o be_v force_v to_o yield_v up_o their_o city_n which_o stand_v in_o some_o place_n where_o naples_n do_v afterward_o and_o the_o samnite_n lose_v three_o of_o their_o own_o to_n the_o tarentines_n nevertheless_o proceed_v and_o draw_v the_o samnite_n with_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o palaepoltians_n again_o into_o the_o war_n wherein_o the_o vestini_n together_o with_o their_o ally_n be_v also_o engage_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o war_n great_a commotion_n happen_v in_o the_o city_n occasion_v by_o one_o papirius_n who_o have_v give_v up_o himself_o as_o slave_n to_o publius_n a_o severe_a usurer_n to_o work_v out_o his_o father_n debt_n papirius_n be_v both_o young_a and_o beautiful_a publius_n attempt_v to_o abuse_v he_o after_o a_o filthy_a manner_n and_o upon_o his_o refusal_n most_o cruel_o scourge_v he_o in_o this_o condition_n papirius_n flee_v to_o the_o people_n who_o be_v so_o affect_v with_o his_o barbarous_a usage_n that_o they_o procure_v these_o two_o law_n short_o after_o first_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v detain_v in_o bound_n except_o for_o heinous_a misdemeanour_n and_o then_o not_o after_o punishment_n the_o second_o that_o the_o money_n and_o good_n not_o the_o body_n of_o the_o debtor_n shall_v be_v responsible_a whereupon_o all_o prisoner_n for_o debt_n be_v immediate_o set_v at_o liberty_n the_o follow_a year_n the_o vestini_n be_v overthrow_v by_o brutus_n scaeva_n the_o consul_n and_o two_o town_n take_v from_o '_o they_o his_o colleague_n furius_n camillus_n be_v sick_a at_o samnium_n 428._o name_v papirius_n cursor_n for_o dictator_n the_o most_o famous_a commander_n in_o those_o time_n who_o appoint_v fabius_n rullianus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n papirius_n be_v encamp_v nigh_o the_o samnite_n be_v force_v to_o return_v to_o rome_n to_o renew_v his_o auspicia_fw-la leave_v a_o most_o strict_a command_n to_o fabius_n not_o to_o stir_v out_o of_o his_o trench_n in_o his_o absence_n but_o fabius_n find_v a_o great_a advantage_n engage_v the_o enemy_n and_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o '_o they_o the_o dictator_n in_o a_o great_a rage_n return_v to_o the_o camp_n and_o will_v have_v put_v he_o to_o death_n but_o the_o army_n rescue_v he_o which_o cause_v papirius_n to_o make_v great_a complaint_n to_o the_o senate_n withaâ—_n urge_v the_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o a_o strict_a discipline_n and_o authority_n but_o at_o last_o the_o entreaty_n of_o the_o father_n with_o the_o commotion_n of_o the_o tribune_n and_o people_n prevail_v with_o he_o to_o spare_v his_o life_n this_o severity_n of_o papirius_n so_o alienate_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o it_o almost_o cost_v he_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o battle_n soon_o after_o which_o constrain_v he_o to_o be_v more_o popular_a for_o the_o future_a after_o which_o he_o overthrow_v the_o samnite_n and_o so_o much_o waste_v their_o country_n as_o force_v they_o to_o desire_v a_o peace_n the_o samnite_n soon_o return_v to_o their_o former_a enmity_n and_o in_o two_o year_n time_n they_o grow_v so_o strong_a that_o the_o senate_n think_v it_o necessary_a to_o create_v a_o dictator_n to_o oppose_v they_o and_o this_o be_v cornelius_n arvina_n who_o appoint_v fabius_n ambustus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n 431._o and_o give_v the_o enemy_n a_o great_a overthrow_n by_o which_o the_o samnite_n be_v so_o weaken_a that_o they_o send_v all_o their_o prisoner_n and_o plunder_n to_o rome_n together_o with_o the_o dead_a body_n of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o revolt_n who_o have_v kilâ—ed_v himself_o to_o avoid_v be_v deliver_v up_o and_o all_o to_o purchase_v peace_n the_o senate_n only_o receiuâ—d_v the_o man_n with_o such_o good_n as_o be_v particular_o challenge_v and_o deem_v they_o peace_n enrage_v at_o this_o pontius_n the_o chief_a man_n among_o they_o draw_v out_o the_o samnite_n to_o a_o place_n call_v caudium_n and_o put_v ten_o soldier_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o shepherd_n he_o send_v they_o to_o calatia_n where_o the_o consul_n lay_v with_o instruction_n to_o report_v that_o the_o samnite_n be_v now_o in_o apulia_n before_o luceria_n and_o have_v almost_o take_v it_o the_o consul_n believe_v this_o report_n make_v all_o speed_n to_o relieve_v the_o town_n lest_o their_o ally_n the_o apulian_o may_v be_v oblige_v to_o join_v with_o the_o samnite_n now_o the_o roman_n have_v but_o two_o way_n to_o march_n to_o luceria_n one_o large_a enough_o but_o far_o about_o the_o other_o a_o narrow_a passage_n through_o the_o strait_o of_o caudium_n a_o place_n incompassâ—d_v with_o high_a mountain_n and_o extreme_a difficult_a and_o dangerous_a to_o pass_v if_o a_o enemy_n be_v nigh_o the_o consul_n lead_v their_o army_n through_o this_o be_v immediate_o block_v up_o on_o all_o side_n by_o pontius_n who_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o defile_v the_o samnite_n have_v get_v the_o roman_n at_o this_o great_a advantage_n immediate_o send_v to_o herennius_n pontius_n father_n to_o know_v how_o to_o proceed_v herennius_n send_v two_o several_a message_n the_o first_o to_o dismiss_v the_o roman_n without_o any_o injury_n at_o all_o the_o second_o to_o put_v they_o all_o to_o the_o sword_n urge_v that_o one_o of_o thâ—se_a two_o way_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a for_o the_o first_o will_v lay_v a_o perpetual_a obligation_n on_o a_o most_o powerful_a people_n and_o the_o second_o will_v be_v a_o great_a weaken_n of_o a_o most_o formidable_a enemy_n and_o that_o no_o three_o way_n can_v either_o gain_v
their_o friendship_n or_o diminish_v their_o strength_n but_o this_o prudent_a counsel_n will_v not_o be_v hear_v so_o the_o roman_n have_v these_o article_n allow_v they_o first_o that_o their_o army_n shall_v march_v away_o only_o with_o their_o under_z garment_n have_v first_o in_o token_n of_o slavery_n pass_v under_o the_o jugum_n or_o gallow_n second_o they_o shall_v whole_o quit_v all_o samnium_n and_o remove_v all_o their_o colony_n and_o three_o both_o roman_a and_o samnite_n shall_v live_v under_o the_o same_o term_n of_o confederacy_n and_o alliance_n the_o roman_n be_v constrain_v to_o submit_v to_o these_o disgraceful_a article_n and_o with_o wonderful_a shame_n anger_n and_o confusion_n return_v to_o capua_n disarm_v and_o half_a naked_a and_o from_o thence_o to_o rome_n the_o whole_a city_n be_v most_o sensible_o afflict_v at_o this_o shameful_a disaster_n their_o generous_a blood_n boil_v in_o their_o vein_n and_o nothing_o but_o fury_n and_o revenge_n appear_v in_o their_o face_n the_o consul_n refuse_v to_o appear_v abroad_o or_o to_o act_v for_o which_o reason_n a_o dictator_n be_v create_v for_o hold_v the_o comitia_fw-la for_o a_o new_a election_n which_o be_v aemilius_n papus_n 432._o who_o appoint_v valerius_n flaccus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n but_o instead_o of_o a_o election_n of_o consul_n the_o state_n for_o a_o while_o fall_v into_o a_o interregnum_fw-la there_o be_v nothing_o but_o grief_n and_o vexation_n in_o all_o place_n and_o the_o whole_a city_n put_v into_o mourn_v but_o the_o year_n follow_v consul_n be_v choose_v papirius_n cursor_n and_o publilius_n philo_n be_v the_o person_n and_o the_o senate_n be_v assemble_v posthumius_fw-la one_o of_o the_o last_o year_n consul_n generous_o offer_v himself_o to_o be_v deliver_v together_o with_o his_o colleague_n up_o to_o the_o enemy_n and_o so_o to_o break_v the_o caudine_n treaty_n urge_v that_o only_o they_o two_o be_v oblige_v to_o observe_v the_o article_n and_o not_o the_o state_n which_o be_v altogether_o ignorant_a of_o what_o be_v do_v this_o be_v grateful_o accept_v of_o but_o pontius_n refuse_v to_o receive_v they_o great_o exclaim_v against_o the_o perfidiousness_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o the_o army_n soon_o march_v against_o they_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o papirius_n and_o sufficient_o revenge_v themselves_o of_o all_o former_a affront_v overthrow_v they_o in_o several_a battle_n make_v they_o all_o pass_v under_o the_o jugum_fw-la recover_v several_a town_n and_o free_v the_o 600_o hostage_n which_o they_o have_v deliver_v to_o they_o in_o the_o caudine_n treaty_n so_o that_o the_o samnite_n can_v very_o hardly_o obtain_v a_o two_o year_n truce_n in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o truce_n two_o new_a tribe_n be_v add_v to_o the_o rest_n namely_o the_o ufentine_a and_o falerine_n 436._o which_o make_v the_o number_n thirty_o one_o the_o samnite_n incouragâ—d_v by_o some_o other_o break_v their_o truce_n which_o together_o with_o the_o etrurians_n warlike_a preparation_n occasion_v the_o creation_n of_o a_o dictator_n which_o be_v l._n aemilius_n who_o make_v l._n fulvius_n moritious_a his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n 437._o and_o in_o a_o bloody_a battle_n overthrow_v the_o enemy_n who_o come_v to_o relieve_v saticula_n which_o he_o have_v invest_v the_o next_o year_n another_o dictator_n be_v create_v to_o carry_v on_o this_o war_n which_o be_v fabius_n maximus_n who_o choose_v aulius_n cerretan_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o take_v saticula_n manage_v the_o war_n with_o great_a success_n against_o the_o samnite_n 438._o and_o considerable_o enlarge_n the_o roman_a dominion_n in_o those_o part_n the_o follow_a year_n a_o dangerous_a conspiracy_n be_v discover_v at_o capua_n and_o this_o occasion_v the_o create_v of_o a_o dictator_n 439._o which_o be_v c._n maenius_n who_o make_v choice_n of_o m._n foslius_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o soon_o suppress_v that_o disturbance_n the_o next_o year_n the_o samnite_n war_n be_v carry_v on_o with_o great_a vigour_n and_o a_o dictator_n create_v which_o be_v c._n paetelius_n who_o make_v m._n foslius_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n 440._o and_o gain_v great_a advantage_n over_o the_o enemy_n after_o which_o the_o roman_n have_v a_o short_a breathe_v time_n and_o but_o a_o short_a one_o for_o soon_o after_o the_o etrurians_n make_v great_a threat_n and_o as_o great_a preparation_n another_o dictator_n be_v create_v which_o be_v junius_n bubulcus_n 441._o who_o perform_v little_a against_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o keep_n upon_o the_o defensive_a in_o this_o same_o year_n appius_n claudius_n be_v one_o of_o the_o censor_n make_v the_o famous_a causeway_n or_o highway_n callâ—d_a via_n appia_n a_o prodigious_a work_n together_o with_o the_o channel_n of_o fresh_a water_n which_o he_o bring_v into_o the_o city_n which_o work_v he_o all_o alone_o accomplish_v according_a to_o livy_n a_o year_n or_o two_o be_v employ_v against_o the_o etrurians_n till_o at_o last_o papirius_n be_v make_v dictator_n 443._o who_o choose_v bubulcus_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n give_v they_o the_o great_a overthrow_n that_o they_o ever_o receive_v yet_o all_o their_o choice_a man_n be_v lose_v and_o from_o that_o time_n they_o be_v never_o able_a to_o perform_v much_o against_o rome_n four_o year_n after_o 447._o a_o dictator_n be_v create_v for_o hold_v the_o comitia_fw-la for_o election_n of_o consul_n which_o be_v cornelius_n scipio_n and_o decius_n must_n be_v his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o second_o year_n after_o this_o the_o samnite_n after_o many_o and_o great_a loss_n obtain_v a_o peace_n 12_o year_n after_o they_o break_v their_o truce_n and_o the_o ancient_a league_n be_v renew_v with_o they_o and_o this_o happen_v 37_o year_n after_o the_o first_o war_n with_o that_o nation_n soon_o after_o this_o peace_n be_v conclude_v the_o roman_n turn_v their_o arm_n against_o the_o aequi_n 449._o and_o chastise_v they_o for_o assist_v the_o samnite_n which_o affright_v other_o nation_n into_o subjection_n the_o roman_a dominion_n now_o daily_o increase_v but_o however_o such_o resistance_n be_v make_v as_o they_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o have_v a_o dictator_n which_o be_v junius_n bubulcus_n who_o choose_v m._n titinius_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n 451._o and_o in_o eight_o day_n time_n return_v in_o triumph_n in_o less_o than_o a_o year_n after_o the_o fame_n of_o the_o etrurians_n join_v with_o the_o umbrian_n a_o people_n on_o the_o north_n of_o they_o and_o the_o sabine_n occassion_v the_o create_v of_o another_o dictator_n which_o be_v valerius_n maximus_n who_o appoint_v aemilius_n paulus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n 452._o this_o dictator_n entire_o break_v the_o power_n of_o all_o the_o etrurians_n reduce_v all_o their_o territory_n to_o the_o roman_a subjection_n which_o happen_v above_o 420_o year_n after_o the_o first_o war_n with_o those_o people_n the_o umbrian_n be_v likewise_o much_o weaken_a and_o lose_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o their_o country_n the_o roman_n still_o extend_v their_o dominion_n on_o all_o side_n and_o continual_o increase_v their_o strength_n during_o some_o sort_n of_o intermission_n abroad_o the_o commons_o begin_v to_o fall_v into_o their_o former_a dissatisfied_a humour_n and_o the_o tribune_n much_o complain_v that_o all_o the_o priest_n and_o augur_n be_v create_v out_o of_o the_o patritian_n and_o urge_v that_o the_o plebeian_n may_v also_o partake_v of_o those_o office_n the_o senate_n make_v no_o great_a opposition_n as_o be_v sufficient_o accustom_a to_o yield_v in_o matter_n of_o great_a moment_n so_o that_o whereas_o at_o present_a there_o be_v but_o four_o chief_a priest_n and_o as_o many_o augur_n answer_v to_o the_o four_o tribe_n in_o the_o city_n now_o four_o more_o be_v add_v and_o to_o those_o five_o more_o out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o in_o this_o same_o year_n valerius_n the_o consul_n prefer_v a_o law_n of_o appeal_n more_o careful_o enact_v which_o be_v the_o three_o time_n this_o law_n be_v confirm_v since_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o king_n and_o always_o occasion_v by_o the_o same_o family_n the_o same_o consul_n fall_v upon_o the_o aequi_n who_o be_v now_o in_o rebellion_n and_o in_o a_o little_a time_n they_o have_v nothing_o leave_v they_o of_o their_o ancient_a fortune_n but_o the_o stoutness_n of_o their_o temper_n the_o follow_a year_n be_v a_o lustrum_fw-la and_o two_o new_a tribe_n be_v add_v to_o the_o former_a 454._o namely_o the_o aniensis_n and_o the_o tarentine_n which_o now_o make_v the_o whole_a number_n thirty_o three_o the_o city_n be_v also_o much_o increase_v for_o at_o the_o next_o lustrum_fw-la five_o year_n after_o there_o be_v cess_v no_o less_o than_o 262322_o free_a citizen_n within_o a_o year_n after_o this_o the_o samnite_n after_o six_o year_n respite_n break_v their_o league_n with_o the_o
tell_v they_o that_o assistance_n will_v soon_o come_v which_o report_n keep_v the_o roman_n in_o their_o camp_n and_o so_o take_v this_o advantage_n the_o night_n follow_v he_o pass_v undisturbed_a into_o epirus_n with_o 8000_o foot_n and_o 500_o horse_n first_o leave_v a_o garrison_n in_o tarentum_n which_o be_v more_o to_o preserve_v his_o own_o reputation_n than_o for_o any_o other_o use._n thus_o in_o about_o six_o year_n end_v the_o war_n with_o the_o famous_a pyrrhus_n a_o person_n esteem_v the_o able_a commander_n of_o all_o the_o king_n in_o that_o time_n both_o for_o military_a experience_n and_o personal_a valour_n but_o he_o know_v better_o how_o to_o conquer_v than_o how_o to_o keep_v and_o from_o he_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o only_o improve_v the_o art_n of_o encamp_v but_o likewise_o learned_a to_o avoid_v plain_n and_o better_a to_o sustain_v the_o shock_n of_o a_o discipline_v cavalry_n which_o before_o they_o have_v despise_v iv._o the_o roman_a name_n which_o before_o have_v be_v famous_a be_v now_o become_v formidable_a after_o the_o overthrow_n of_o so_o great_a a_o man_n as_o pyrrhus_n which_o make_v way_n for_o far_a conquest_n and_o the_o establishment_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n in_o the_o second_o year_n after_o pyrrhus_n retreat_n ptolemy_n philadelphus_n king_n of_o egypt_n send_v ambassador_n to_o congratulate_v the_o roman_a success_n 480._o and_o to_o enter_v into_o a_o alliance_n with_o '_o they_o the_o roman_n to_o show_v he_o the_o great_a respect_n likewise_o send_v ambassador_n to_o egypt_n where_o they_o be_v most_o courteous_o receive_v and_o send_v home_o lade_v with_o gift_n and_o present_n the_o follow_a year_n the_o taremines_n not_o be_v able_a to_o remove_v the_o garrison_n pyrrhus_n have_v leave_v under_o milo_n desire_v aid_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o with_o they_o give_v battle_n to_o the_o roman_n be_v overthrow_v milo_n sensible_a how_o unable_a he_o be_v to_o resist_v by_o leave_n from_o the_o consul_n papirius_n depart_v with_o his_o man_n and_o quit_v the_o castle_n which_o the_o roman_n possess_v easy_o become_v master_n of_o the_o city_n the_o wall_n whereof_o they_o demolish_a peace_n and_o liberty_n be_v grant_v to_o all_o the_o citizen_n and_o this_o year_n the_o two_o consul_n triumph_v have_v finish_v both_o the_o tarentine_n and_o samnite_n war_n in_o the_o year_n 481._o the_o latter_a of_o these_o have_v with_o some_o intermission_n continue_v seventy_o one_o year_n and_o over_o these_o the_o roman_n triumph_v thirty_o time_n namely_o consul_n twenty_o six_o dictator_n twice_o and_o proconsul_n as_o many_o now_o the_o roman_n grow_v much_o too_o powerful_a for_o their_o neighbour_n for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o italy_n be_v now_o conquer_v a_o accession_n be_v make_v not_o only_o of_o the_o tarentines_n and_o samnite_n but_o of_o the_o lucanian_o also_o and_o not_o long_o before_o of_o the_o etrurians_n after_o this_o the_o campanian_a legion_n who_o have_v treacherous_o seize_v upon_o rhegium_n and_o keep_v it_o to_o themselves_o be_v besiege_v and_o upon_o surrender_n put_v to_o death_n by_o fifty_o at_o a_o time_n soon_o after_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o apollonia_n in_o illyricum_n send_v ambassador_n to_o rome_n some_o extravagant_a and_o unruly_a nobleman_n fall_v upon_o they_o and_o beat_v they_o but_o the_o roman_n be_v so_o just_a as_o to_o deliver_v they_o up_o to_o the_o apolloniates_n in_o the_o same_o year_n the_o picentes_n be_v subdue_v and_o colony_n be_v send_v to_o ariminum_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o piceni_n and_o to_o beneventum_n in_o that_o of_o the_o samnite_n about_o the_o same_o time_n be_v silver_n first_o coin_v in_o rome_n whereas_o brass_n have_v only_o be_v in_o use_n till_o now_o their_o riches_n be_v increase_v by_o their_o conquest_n 484._o and_o large_a quantity_n of_o silver_n be_v find_v in_o a_o castle_n of_o the_o samnite_n a_o year_n after_o the_o sabine_n who_o some_o year_n past_a have_v be_v make_v denizen_n of_o rome_n receive_v now_o also_o the_o power_n of_o vote_v in_o election_n about_o four_o year_n after_o that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o quaestor_n be_v increase_v from_o four_o to_o eight_o and_o in_o the_o same_o year_n the_o reduction_n of_o the_o umbri_n and_o sallentini_n increase_v together_o with_o the_o city_n of_o brundisium_n 489._o complete_v the_o conquest_n of_o all_o joaly_n now_o be_v the_o roman_a dominion_n much_o large_a than_o ever_o contain_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o old_a italy_n and_o the_o several_a italian_a nation_n be_v about_o 500_o mile_n long_o and_o 130_o broad_a which_o comprehend_v about_o one_o haâ—f_n of_o that_o country_n which_o now_o go_v by_o the_o name_n of_o italy_n as_o be_v forme_o observe_v just_o at_o the_o same_o time_n begin_v the_o first_o punic_a or_o carthaginian_a war_n in_o the_o 489th_o year_n of_o the_o city_n a._n m._n â—740_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o 128th_o olympiad_n 244_o since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o 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veturius_n philo_n and_o pomponius_n matho_n be_v his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n the_o new_a consul_n be_v aemilius_n paulus_n and_o terentius_n varro_n the_o former_a a_o prudent_a experienced_a person_n the_o latter_a a_o hot_a rash_a and_o inconsiderate_a man._n these_o have_v gather_v together_o a_o army_n of_o 80000_o foot_n and_o 6000_o horse_n which_o give_v great_a hope_n to_o the_o people_n but_o raise_v as_o great_a fear_n in_o some_o of_o the_o wise_a sort_n especial_o fabius_n who_o with_o all_o the_o powerful_a argument_n imaginable_a advise_v aemilius_n to_o beware_v of_o the_o policy_n of_o hannibal_n and_o the_o rashness_n of_o varro_n both_o army_n meet_v at_o a_o village_n in_o apulia_n call_v cannae_n where_o varro_n resolve_v to_o engage_v contrary_a to_o aemilius_n advice_n the_o enemy_n be_v about_o 40000_o foot_n and_o 20000_o horse_n this_o battle_n be_v fight_v with_o dreadful_a fury_n on_o both_o side_n and_o hannibal_n have_v place_v his_o man_n with_o all_o possible_a skill_n and_o art_n so_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v not_o only_o force_v to_o fight_v with_o wind_n dust_n and_o sun_n but_o press_v forward_o be_v in_o a_o little_a time_n almost_o surround_v in_o short_a the_o ability_n of_o the_o punic_a general_n at_o this_o time_n be_v more_o apparent_a than_o ever_o who_o more_o overmatched_a they_o in_o skill_n than_o they_o exceed_v he_o in_o number_n make_v a_o most_o miserable_a slaughter_n of_o the_o roman_n till_o quite_o weary_v out_o he_o command_v his_o soldier_n to_o give_v over_o aemilius_z be_v find_v desperate_o wound_v by_o lentulus_n a_o colonel_n who_o offer_v he_o his_o horse_n to_o fly_v but_o the_o consul_n with_o weep_a eye_n desire_v he_o to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o himself_o and_o go_v tell_v fabius_n that_o he_o have_v follow_v his_o direction_n to_o the_o last_o but_o fate_n have_v conquer_v he_o and_o then_o fall_v among_o the_o dead_a body_n he_o expire_v in_o this_o battle_n the_o roman_n lose_v 50000_o men._n polybius_n say_v 70000_o 2_o quaestor_n 21_o tribune_n 80_o of_o senatorian_a order_n and_o so_o many_o equites_fw-la or_o knight_n that_o it_o be_v say_v that_o three_o bushel_n of_o their_o ring_n be_v send_v to_o carthage_n the_o enemy_n have_v lose_v but_o 5700_o men._n never_o be_v any_o thing_n so_o terrible_a and_o dreadful_a to_o rome_n as_o the_o news_n of_o this_o fatal_a defeat_n never_o be_v the_o city_n so_o sad_o fill_v with_o terror_n and_o tumult_n and_o never_o be_v a_o more_o universal_a mourn_a and_o lamentation_n throughout_o all_o the_o street_n than_o at_o this_o time_n the_o citizen_n be_v all_o in_o a_o uproar_v and_o consternation_n and_o the_o senator_n themselves_o in_o great_a trouble_n and_o confusion_n be_v extreme_o disturb_v in_o their_o debate_n by_o the_o dismal_a outcry_n of_o miserable_a woman_n tear_v their_o hair_n and_o beat_v their_o breast_n after_o a_o sad_a and_o deplorable_a manner_n a_o dictater_n upon_o this_o be_v create_v which_o be_v m._n junius_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v t._n sempronius_n 538._o and_o order_n be_v immediate_o give_v to_o keep_v all_o the_o woman_n from_o come_v abroad_o into_o the_o street_n the_o senator_n themselves_o go_v from_o house_n to_o house_n to_o comfort_n and_o appease_v they_o what_o they_o can_v great_a care_n be_v likewise_o take_v to_o set_v strict_a guard_n at_o the_o gate_n to_o keep_v all_o person_n from_o abandon_v the_o city_n and_o to_o make_v all_o people_n see_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o possible_a meanu_n of_o preserve_v themselves_o but_o by_o brave_o defend_v the_o wall_n in_o a_o short_a time_n varro_n arriuâ—d_v at_o rome_n with_o the_o weak_a and_o totter_a relic_n of_o his_o army_n and_o though_o he_o have_v be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o this_o defeat_n yet_o the_o roman_n out_o of_o a_o extraordinary_a greatness_n of_o mind_n go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o in_o multitude_n and_o the_o senate_n return_v he_o thanks_o for_o that_o he_o have_v not_o despair_v of_o the_o commonwealth_n notwithstanding_o the_o vast_a loss_n sustain_v by_o hannibal_n and_o the_o revolt_n of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o italy_n immediate_o after_o this_o last_o defeat_n the_o roman_n will_v never_o so_o much_o as_o mention_v peace_n whereas_o as_o livy_n say_v no_o nation_n under_o heaven_n but_o will_v have_v faint_v and_o have_v suffer_v themselves_o to_o have_v be_v overwhelm_v and_o crush_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o so_o mighty_a a_o disaster_n iii_o thus_o far_o be_v hannibal_n extraordinary_a successful_a and_o have_v he_o make_v the_o best_a use_n of_o this_o his_o last_o victory_n by_o march_v direct_o to_o rome_n he_o may_v in_o all_o probability_n have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o war_n and_o roman_a state_n at_o once_o but_o this_o great_a soldier_n as_o maharbal_n captain_n of_o his_o horse_n tell_v he_o know_v perfect_o how_o to_o gain_v a_o victory_n but_o not_o how_o to_o use_v and_o improve_v it_o for_o his_o careless_a manner_n of_o proceed_v that_o summer_n give_v the_o roman_n a_o opportunity_n of_o recover_v themselves_o when_o they_o be_v almost_o reduce_v to_o a_o despair_a condition_n and_o now_o they_o be_v inspire_v with_o new_a courage_n and_o new_a resolution_n of_o prosecute_a the_o war_n without_o faint_v make_v all_o possible_a preparation_n for_o another_o campaign_n arm_v of_o several_a thousand_o of_o slave_n and_o fill_v up_o the_o senate_n which_o want_v 177_o person_n this_o last_o be_v do_v by_o fabius_n buteo_n a_o dictator_n 539._o create_v for_o that_o purpose_n without_o any_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o that_o before_o the_o last_o dictator_n be_v out_o of_o office_n who_o be_v then_o abroad_o but_o that_o which_o prouâ—d_v most_o fatal_a to_o hannibal_n be_v his_o winter_v in_o capua_n a_o most_o wealthy_a and_o luxurious_a city_n which_o among_o many_o other_o place_n have_v surrender_v itself_o to_o he_o since_o his_o last_o victory_n heâ—â—â—e_v utter_o spoil_v a_o excellent_a and_o hardy_a army_n which_o now_o be_v so_o enfeeble_v and_o enervate_v by_o their_o immoderate_a use_n of_o the_o pleasure_n and_o effeminateness_n of_o that_o place_n that_o ever_o after_o his_o man_n become_v impatient_a of_o labour_n and_o the_o ancient_a military_a discipline_n so_o that_o capua_n become_v a_o cannae_n to_o hannibalâ—s_n â—s_z soldier_n and_o now_o hannibal_n fortune_n begin_v to_o change_v for_o in_o the_o next_o campaign_n he_o be_v worsted_n in_o a_o sally_n out_o of_o nola_n by_o marcellus_n the_o praetor_n and_o repulse_v at_o casilinum_n after_o he_o have_v bring_v the_o place_n to_o great_a extremity_n and_o not_o long_o after_o marcellus_n give_v he_o a_o considerable_a repulse_v nigh_o nola_n which_o give_v the_o roman_n mighty_a hope_n of_o far_a success_n in_o spain_n the_o scipio_n manage_v the_o war_n with_o great_a success_n overthrow_v hanno_n and_o gain_v much_o ground_n and_o likewise_o defeat_v asdrubal_n who_o but_o just_a before_o have_v be_v order_v by_o the_o senate_n of_o carthage_n to_o go_v for_o italy_n and_o join_v hannibal_n which_o design_n by_o this_o mean_n be_v break_v in_o sicily_n and_o sardinia_n though_o several_a attempt_n be_v make_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o some_o revolt_v happen_v yet_o affair_n succeed_v prosperous_o especial_o in_o sardinia_n where_o a_o battle_n be_v fight_v and_o 12000_o carthaginian_n kill_v and_o many_o take_v prisoner_n among_o who_o be_v asdrubal_n hanno_n and_o mago_n all_o person_n of_o the_o high_a quality_n rome_n now_o have_v the_o misfortune_n of_o have_v enemy_n on_o all_o side_n of_o she_o and_o in_o all_o part_n of_o her_o dominion_n and_o territory_n so_o that_o the_o vigour_n and_o diligence_n of_o her_o inhabitant_n be_v certain_o very_o admirable_a in_o send_v recruit_n and_o supply_n into_o spain_n sicily_n and_o sardinia_n those_o distant_a country_n with_o the_o same_o care_n as_o against_o hannibal_n himself_o but_o what_o be_v a_o great_a instance_n of_o the_o roman_a courage_n and_o magnanimity_n be_v their_o proclaim_v war_n with_o philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n in_o greece_n not_o long_o after_o their_o dreadful_a defeat_n at_o cannae_n for_o his_o make_v a_o league_n with_o hannibal_n and_o their_o venture_v to_o invade_v his_o dominion_n which_o they_o do_v with_o good_a success_n about_o this_o time_n claudius_n centho_n be_v create_v dictator_n for_o hold_v the_o 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o consul_n absence_n for_o a_o new_a election_n 541._o and_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v fulvius_n flaccus_n the_o affair_n of_o sicily_n be_v in_o a_o little_a time_n alter_v by_o the_o death_n of_o hiero_n king_n of_o syracuse_n and_o the_o murder_n of_o his_o grandson_n hieronymus_n not_o long_o after_o which_o cause_v great_a faction_n in_o that_o city_n the_o prevail_a faction_n prove_v enemy_n to_o rome_n marcellus_n be_v send_v thither_o who_o besiege_v the_o great_a
a_o ambuscade_n a_o valiant_a soldier_n who_o be_v callâ—d_v the_o sword_n as_o fabius_n 〈◊〉_d buckler_n of_o rome_n his_o colleague_n crispinus_n also_o 〈◊〉_d a_o wound_n which_o in_o a_o little_a time_n kill_v he_o 〈◊〉_d nominate_v a_o dictator_n for_o hold_v the_o comitiâ—â—â—_n new_a election_n 546._o which_o be_v manlius_n torquatus_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v c._n servilius_n the_o follow_a year_n asdrubal_n be_v order_v to_o leave_v spain_n and_o go_v for_o italy_n to_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o brother_n hannibal_n whereupon_o livius_n the_o consul_n be_v order_v to_o meet_v and_o oppose_v he_o whilst_o his_o colleague_n nero_n observe_v the_o motion_n of_o hannibal_n but_o nero_n have_v meet_v with_o some_o success_n against_o hannibal_n make_v a_o choice_n detachment_n of_o 6000_o foot_n and_o 1000_o horse_n and_o with_o great_a secrecy_n and_o as_o great_a expedition_n march_v towards_o his_o colleague_n have_v join_v he_o they_o surround_v asdrubal_n who_o by_o the_o treachery_n of_o his_o guide_n have_v lead_v he_o into_o a_o dangerous_a place_n and_o cut_v he_o and_o his_o whole_a army_n in_o piece_n nero_n immediate_o return_v to_o his_o camp_n and_o before_o hannibal_n know_v of_o his_o departure_n cast_v his_o brother_n head_n in_o his_o camp_n by_o which_o to_o his_o great_a grief_n he_o know_v of_o his_o defeat_n at_o the_o finish_n of_o this_o consulship_n a_o dictator_n be_v create_v for_o the_o hold_n of_o the_o comitia_fw-la for_o a_o new_a election_n the_o consul_n be_v both_o in_o the_o field_n 547._o which_o be_v livius_n salinator_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v caecilius_n metellus_n the_o year_n after_o this_o scipio_n after_o the_o obtain_v many_o great_a victory_n and_o the_o perform_v many_o noble_a exploit_n in_o spain_n whole_o reduce_v that_o country_n to_o the_o obedience_n of_o rome_n have_v take_v or_o drive_v out_o all_o the_o carthaginian_a commander_n and_o gain_v as_o much_o reputation_n by_o his_o mild_a sweet_a and_o generous_a temper_n as_o he_o do_v by_o his_o courageous_a and_o valiant_a acts._n this_o happen_v five_o year_n after_o his_o undertake_n this_o charge_n and_o twelve_o after_o the_o beginning_n of_o this_o war._n iv._o the_o roman_n now_o find_v themselves_o in_o a_o much_o better_a condition_n than_o they_o be_v at_o the_o beginning_n of_o 548._o these_o war_n especial_o by_o the_o happy_a reduction_n of_o two_o such_o considerable_a province_n as_o spain_n and_o sicily_n which_o have_v be_v great_a diversion_n to_o â—em_v but_o still_o hannibal_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o italy_n be_v a_o severe_a curb_n and_o a_o grievous_a burden_n to_o â—em_v upon_o which_o scipio_n at_o his_o return_n be_v make_v consul_n at_o 29_o year_n of_o age_n great_o desire_v to_o be_v send_v into_o africa_n as_o the_o most_o effectual_a mean_n to_o finish_v the_o war_n declare_v to_o the_o senate_n that_o he_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o manage_v affair_n so_o as_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n shall_v be_v force_v to_o recall_v hannibal_n out_o of_o italy_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o own_o country_n fabius_n most_o earnest_o and_o with_o some_o heat_n oppose_v this_o and_o thereupon_o a_o considerable_a difference_n arise_v but_o at_o length_n sicily_n be_v grant_v he_o for_o his_o province_n and_o leave_v give_v he_o to_o pass_v over_o into_o africa_n if_o he_o see_v it_o convenient_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n all_o the_o first_o year_n he_o spend_v in_o sicily_n in_o provide_v necessary_n for_o his_o expedition_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o a_o dictator_n be_v create_v for_o hold_v the_o comitia_fw-la for_o a_o new_a election_n of_o consul_n 549._o namely_o caecilius_n mâ—tellus_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v veturius_n philo_n the_o next_o lustrum_fw-la be_v soon_o after_o 215000_o free_a citizen_n be_v cess_v which_o be_v 77892_o more_o than_o at_o the_o last_o a_o happy_a increase_n for_o five_o year_n time_n this_o same_o year_n which_o be_v the_o 14_o of_o this_o war_n scipio_n arrive_v at_o africa_n with_o a_o brave_a fleet_n where_o masanissa_n king_n of_o numidia_n who_o have_v join_v with_o he_o in_o spain_n come_v in_o to_o his_o assistance_n scipio_n be_v not_o long_o in_o africa_n without_o employment_n for_o in_o a_o short_a time_n hanno_n oppose_v he_o and_o be_v slay_v himself_o with_o 3000_o of_o his_o man_n which_o so_o encourage_v scipio_n that_o he_o immediate_o invest_v utica_n but_o syphax_n king_n of_o numidia_n who_o have_v dispossess_v masanissa_n of_o his_o kingdom_n march_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n to_o relieve_v the_o place_n scipio_n break_v up_o the_o siege_n and_o depart_v to_o his_o winter_n quarter_n but_o in_o the_o winter_n he_o again_o invest_v utica_n and_o understand_v that_o the_o enemy_n be_v encamp_v not_o far_o off_o he_o send_v his_o able_a soldier_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o slave_n with_o his_o commissioner_n to_o view_v their_o camp_n this_o do_v he_o sudden_o set_v fire_n to_o their_o cover_n of_o mat_n reed_n dry_a bough_n and_o the_o like_a which_o they_o not_o suspect_v but_o think_v it_o come_v by_o accident_n be_v cut_v in_o piece_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o hurry_n and_o confusion_n to_o the_o numberof_o 40000_o man_n 6000_o be_v take_v prisoner_n not_o long_o after_o he_o give_v they_o another_o great_a overthrow_n which_o so_o terrify_v the_o carthaginian_n that_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o recall_v their_o great_a champion_n hannibal_n out_o of_o italy_n who_o himself_o likewise_o have_v be_v in_o decline_a condition_n for_o a_o considerable_a time_n a_o embassage_n be_v immediate_o dispatch_v to_o rome_n with_o a_o design_n to_o obtain_v a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n till_o hannibal_n can_v safe_o retire_v from_o italy_n but_o their_o aim_n be_v sufficient_o understand_v their_o message_n be_v slight_v and_o come_v to_o no_o effect_n during_o these_o endeavour_n syphax_n find_v his_o kingdom_n will_v probable_o return_v to_o masanissa_n the_o true_a inheritor_n have_v gather_v together_o a_o numerous_a army_n of_o unexperienced_a stranger_n and_o with_o they_o march_v against_o scipio_n but_o be_v soon_o defeat_v and_o himself_o take_v prisoner_n masanissa_n the_o better_a to_o regain_v his_o kingdom_n march_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o cirta_n the_o chief_a city_n and_o by_o show_v they_o the_o king_n in_o bond_n procure_v the_o gate_n to_o be_v open_v every_o one_o strive_v to_o gain_v the_o favour_n of_o he_o who_o as_o they_o perceive_v will_v be_v their_o king_n among_o the_o rest_n queen_n sophonisba_n syphaxâ—s_n â—s_z wife_n a_o woman_n of_o incomparable_a beauty_n who_o very_o earnest_o and_o humble_o beseech_v he_o that_o she_o may_v not_o be_v deliver_v up_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o roman_n her_o powerful_a charm_n so_o recommend_v her_o suit_n that_o young_a masanissa_n forthwith_o grant_v it_o and_o the_o more_o effectual_o to_o perform_v his_o promise_n marry_v she_o himself_o that_o day_n this_o action_n be_v much_o disapprove_v of_o by_o scipio_n at_o his_o arrival_n soon_o after_o let_v he_o to_o understand_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v a_o title_n to_o her_o head_n as_o be_v their_o captive_n one_o of_o their_o great_a enemy_n and_o the_o principal_a cause_n of_o all_o syphax_n '_o s_o treachery_n upon_o this_o therefore_o masanissa_n in_o desperate_a passion_n send_v she_o a_o bowl_n of_o poison_n at_o the_o receive_n of_o which_o she_o only_o say_v that_o if_o her_o husband_n have_v no_o better_a token_n to_o send_v to_o his_o new_a wife_n she_o must_v accept_v of_o that_o add_v that_o her_o death_n have_v be_v more_o honourable_a if_o her_o marriage_n have_v be_v far_o from_o it_o and_o so_o bold_o drink_v it_o oft_o scipio_n the_o better_a to_o comfort_v the_o melancholy_a prince_n have_v he_o immediate_o proclaim_v king_n of_o numidia_n with_o the_o great_a pomp_n and_o solemnity_n that_o couâ—d_v be_v expect_v have_v now_o settle_v he_o in_o his_o throne_n without_o any_o far_a opposition_n v._o hannibal_n have_v now_o make_v his_o great_a and_o utmost_a effort_n in_o italy_n and_o have_v perform_v more_o than_o any_o other_o commander_n when_o he_o be_v recall_v by_o his_o superior_n and_o with_o great_a concern_v and_o reluctancy_n be_v force_v to_o quit_v that_o country_n after_o he_o have_v spend_v 15_o year_n in_o it_o with_o various_a fortune_n he_o complain_v much_o of_o his_o senate_n and_o of_o himself_o of_o his_o senate_n because_o they_o have_v so_o bad_o supplyâ—d_v he_o with_o money_n and_o other_o necessary_n when_o he_o have_v be_v so_o long_o in_o a_o enemy_n country_n of_o himself_o for_o give_v the_o roman_n time_n to_o recover_v themselves_o after_o he_o have_v so_o often_o overthrown_a '_o they_o it_o be_v say_v likewise_o that_o before_o he_o embark_a he_o build_v a_o arch_n nigh_o the_o temple_n of_o juno_n lacinia_n where_o in_o punic_a and_o greek_a letter_n
he_o write_v the_o sum_n of_o his_o great_a exploit_n then_o put_v to_o sea_n in_o a_o melancholy_a temper_n have_v lose_v both_o his_o brother_n asdrubal_n and_o mago_n and_o a_o great_a many_o of_o his_o best_a man_n he_o land_a in_o a_o few_o day_n at_o leptis_n from_o whence_o he_o march_v to_o adrumetum_n and_o next_o to_o zama_n five_o day_n journey_n from_o carthage_n a_o general_n satisfaction_n be_v in_o rome_n for_o his_o departure_n for_o never_o be_v a_o general_n more_o dread_v by_o â—em_v and_o much_o about_o that_o time_n a_o dictator_n be_v create_v for_o hold_v the_o comitia_fw-la for_o a_o new_a election_n of_o consul_n 551._o sulpicius_n galba_n be_v the_o person_n and_o servilius_n geminus_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n hannibal_n now_o lie_v encamp_v near_o zama_n and_o scipio_n not_o far_o from_o he_o the_o former_a beginning_n to_o consider_v the_o decline_a estate_n of_o his_o country_n desire_v a_o meeting_n with_o scipio_n to_o treat_v of_o a_o peace_n which_o be_v grant_v in_o a_o large_a plain_n between_o the_o two_o army_n the_o two_o great_a general_n in_o the_o world_n come_v to_o a_o interview_n but_o receive_v mutual_o no_o satisfaction_n especial_o for_o that_o scipio_n have_v upbraid_v the_o carthaginian_n with_o a_o late_a breach_n of_o truce_n and_o violation_n of_o ambassador_n they_o return_v to_o decide_v the_o controversy_n by_o the_o sword_n never_o be_v a_o more_o memorable_a battle_n fight_v whether_o we_o regard_v the_o general_n the_o army_n the_o two_o state_n that_o contend_v or_o the_o importance_n of_o the_o victory_n both_o the_o general_n shewid_v admirable_a skill_n in_o place_v their_o man_n and_o choose_v their_o ground_n as_o well_o as_o extraordinary_a courage_n in_o charge_v and_o fall_v on_o let_v their_o soldier_n to_o understand_v that_o this_o battle_n must_v show_v whether_o rome_n or_o carthage_n shall_v give_v law_n to_o the_o world_n hannibal_n though_o he_o behave_v himself_o most_o gallant_o and_o with_o all_o the_o true_a management_n of_o such_o a_o expert_a commander_n be_v at_o last_o overcome_v by_o scipio_n who_o slay_v 20000_o and_o take_v as_o many_o prisoner_n whereupon_o hannibal_n persuade_v his_o countryman_n to_o beg_v peace_n and_o ambassador_n be_v immediate_o dispatch_v to_o rome_n for_o that_o purpose_n 552._o a_o little_a before_o who_o arrival_n a_o dictator_n be_v create_v for_o hold_v the_o comitia_fw-la for_o election_n of_o consul_n and_o this_o be_v c._n servilius_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v ailius_n paetus_n the_o power_n of_o conclude_a peace_n be_v by_o the_o people_n decree_v to_o scipio_n and_o ten_o other_o and_o be_v at_o last_o agree_v to_o upon_o these_o article_n first_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n shall_v enjoy_v all_o their_o territory_n in_o africa_n but_o that_o the_o roman_n shall_v hold_v spain_n with_o all_o the_o island_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a second_o that_o all_o rebel_n and_o deserter_n shall_v be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o roman_n three_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n shall_v deliver_v up_o all_o the_o beak_v ship_n except_o ten_o triremes_n with_o all_o their_o tame_v elephant_n and_o tame_a no_o more_o four_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v unlawful_a for_o they_o to_o make_v war_n in_o africa_n or_o elsewhere_o without_o leave_n from_o rome_n five_o that_o they_o shall_v r_o estore_v all_o to_o masanissa_n and_o enter_v into_o alliance_n with_o he_o sixthly_a that_o they_o shall_v give_v money_n and_o corn_n to_o the_o roman_a troop_n till_o the_o return_n of_o the_o ambassador_n and_o seven_o that_o they_o shall_v pay_v 10000_o talent_n of_o silver_n in_o 50_o year_n time_n and_o give_v 100_o hostage_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o thus_o end_v the_o second_o punic_a or_o carthaginian_a war_n in_o the_o 1â—th_n year_n of_o it_o to_o the_o great_a satisfaction_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o great_a renown_n of_o scipio_n who_o beside_o a_o most_o splendid_a triumph_n obtain_v the_o honourable_a surname_n of_o africanus_n it_o be_v seven_o year_n short_a though_o far_o more_o bloody_a and_o dangerous_a than_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n and_o end_v in_o the_o 55â—d_a year_n of_o the_o city_n a._n m._n 3804_o in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o 144th_o olympiad_n 308_o year_n since_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n 189_o since_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o city_n by_o the_o gaul_n 129_o since_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o macedonian_a empire_n by_o alexander_n and_o 199_o before_o our_o saviour_n nativity_n chap._n xi_o from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o and_o the_o destruction_n of_o carthage_n when_o rome_n get_v free_a from_o all_o her_o rival_n state_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 55_o year_n i._o these_o war_n 553._o though_o they_o have_v be_v very_o dangerous_a almost_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n end_v much_o to_o the_o advantage_n of_o it_o both_z as_o to_o its_o honour_n and_o dominion_n as_o well_o as_o its_o experience_n and_o knowledge_n the_o roman_n begin_v more_o and_o more_o to_o know_v the_o use_n of_o riches_n and_o art_n and_o learn_v daily_o increase_v as_o they_o become_v more_o acquaint_v with_o the_o grecians_n for_o much_o about_o this_o time_n flourish_v ennius_n licinius_n tegula_n and_o caecilius_n all_o dramatic_a poet_n the_o roman_n be_v much_o delight_v with_o such_o spectacle_n as_o well_o as_o those_o more_o cruel_a one_o of_o gladiator_n fight_n with_o wild_a beast_n etc._n etc._n the_o finish_n of_o these_o late_a war_n much_o ease_v the_o roman_n but_o still_o they_o be_v employ_v abroad_o for_o immediate_o after_o begin_v or_o rather_o go_v on_o the_o macedonian_a war_n against_o king_n philip_n the_o first_o occasion_n be_v give_v soon_o after_o the_o great_a battle_n of_o cannae_n upon_o his_o entrance_n into_o a_o alliance_n with_o hannibal_n as_o be_v say_v before_o but_o now_o the_o roman_n have_v a_o good_a opportunity_n and_o not_o without_o provocation_n as_o well_o by_o his_o breach_n of_o faith_n with_o the_o aetolian_n and_o other_o roman_a ally_n in_o those_o part_n as_o by_o his_o supply_n long_o before_o send_v to_o hannibal_n and_o at_o the_o earnest_a request_n of_o the_o athenian_n as_o well_o as_o the_o complaint_n of_o attalus_n king_n of_o pergamus_n and_o the_o rhodian_n proclaim_v war_n against_o he_o anew_o this_o philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n be_v one_o of_o alexander_n successor_n be_v the_o ten_o king_n after_o he_o and_o a_o powerful_a prince_n in_o greece_n against_o he_o sulpicius_n galba_n the_o consul_n be_v send_v who_o by_o himself_o and_o his_o lieutenant_n put_v he_o to_o the_o worst_a divers_a time_n and_o have_v almost_o take_v he_o prisoner_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o attalus_n and_o the_o rhodian_n the_o consul_n raise_v the_o siege_n of_o athens_n whereupon_o the_o aetolian_n before_o backward_o enough_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o magistrate_n and_o the_o athenian_n now_o new_o encourage_v invade_v philip_n dominion_n but_o be_v too_o slothful_a and_o careless_a be_v easy_o repulse_v by_o he_o this_o same_o year_n obtain_v furius_n the_o praetor_n a_o great_a victory_n over_o the_o gaul_n who_o have_v late_o revolt_v and_o invest_v cremona_n kill_v 30000_o man_n and_o with_o they_o amilcar_n a_o carthaginian_a captain_n for_o this_o action_n after_o much_o dispute_n in_o the_o senate_n he_o triumph_v though_o against_o the_o custom_n and_o without_o precedent_n for_o none_o ever_o obtain_v this_o honour_n who_o have_v get_v a_o victory_n with_o another_o army_n as_o he_o have_v do_v with_o aurelius_n cotta_n the_o consul_n in_o his_o absence_n who_o therefore_o take_v the_o matter_n very_o heinous_o the_o year_n follow_v bebius_n the_o praetor_n enter_v unadvised_o into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o insubrian_a gaul_n be_v surround_v and_o lose_v above_o 6600_o of_o his_o man_n in_o this_o year_n there_o be_v but_o small_a action_n in_o macedonia_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o the_o macedonian_a war_n quintus_fw-la flaminius_n the_o consul_n be_v send_v thither_o who_o use_v great_a expedition_n and_o diligence_n beat_v philip_n out_o of_o the_o straits_n where_o he_o have_v be_v very_o advantageous_o post_v and_o by_o sea_n his_o brother_n lucius_n with_o attalus_n regain_v several_a confederate_a town_n and_o invest_v corinth_n itself_o but_o with_o no_o success_n the_o latter_a end_n of_o this_o year_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a business_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n 556._o the_o praetor_n in_o rome_n be_v increase_v from_o four_o to_o six_o and_o now_o the_o time_n come_v for_o the_o election_n of_o consul_n and_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o they_o to_o take_v the_o province_n from_o their_o predecessor_n the_o tribune_n right_o object_v that_o this_o custom_n hinder_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o war_n and_o so_o procure_v quintius_n government_n and_o place_n to_o be_v
continue_v to_o he_o who_o be_v just_a upon_o take_v the_o castle_n of_o opus_n messenger_n come_v from_o philip_n about_o a_o treaty_n several_a time_n they_o meet_v as_o they_o former_o have_v do_v at_o the_o straits_n the_o ambassador_n of_o attalus_n the_o rhodian_n and_o athenian_n be_v present_a but_o all_o come_v to_o no_o effect_n philip_n soon_o after_o deliver_v up_o argos_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o nabis_n tyrant_n of_o lacedaemon_n who_o use_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o great_a cruelty_n and_o intolerable_a exaction_n but_o quintius_n manage_v his_o affair_n with_o good_a success_n at_o last_o follow_v philip_n into_o thessaly_n and_o give_v he_o a_o great_a overthrow_n at_o cynocephalae_n kill_v 8000_o and_o take_v 5000_o prisoner_n so_o that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o beg_v peace_n which_o be_v grant_v upon_o term_n moderate_a enough_o one_o of_o the_o article_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v pay_v 1000_o talent_n half_a at_o present_a and_o the_o other_o half_a in_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o year_n about_o this_o same_o time_n two_o great_a victory_n be_v obtain_v over_o the_o gaul_n and_o the_o slave_n in_o hetraria_fw-la break_v into_o a_o dangerous_a rebellion_n be_v quell_v stand_v chastise_v by_o attilius_n the_o praetor_n and_o now_o the_o roman_n out_o of_o a_o principle_n of_o generokty_n resoluâ—d_v to_o restore_v liberty_n to_o the_o city_n of_o greece_n which_o they_o have_v take_v in_o this_o war_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n ten_o man_n of_o the_o chief_a quality_n be_v send_v over_o thither_o flaminius_n be_v the_o principal_a these_o commissioner_n go_v to_o the_o great_a solemnity_n of_o the_o isthmian_a game_n be_v be_v a_o general_a meeting_n of_o all_o greece_n to_o behold_v those_o show_n and_o there_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n they_o public_o proclaim_v liberty_n to_o all_o the_o city_n and_o people_n of_o greece_n this_o be_v the_o most_o surprise_v and_o most_o joyful_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n to_o these_o people_n who_o scarce_o so_o much_o as_o imagine_v much_o less_o expect_v the_o favour_n many_o speech_n be_v make_v in_o praise_n of_o the_o roman_a greatness_n and_o generosity_n particular_o that_o at_o last_o there_o be_v a_o people_n in_o the_o world_n bear_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o all_o other_o that_o cross_v sea_n and_o make_v war_n at_o their_o own_o cost_n and_o peril_n to_o relieve_v the_o oppress_v to_o establish_v law_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o to_o maintain_v the_o public_a security_n throughout_o the_o whole_a earth_n and_o this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o macedonian_a war_n which_o happen_v five_o year_n after_o it_o be_v last_o proclaim_v and_o twenty_o after_o it_o first_o begin_v ii_o the_o year_n follow_v after_o the_o war_n 559._o some_o disturbance_n be_v raise_v in_o the_o city_n concern_v the_o oppian_n law_n a_o law_n prefer_v by_o opius_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n soon_o after_o the_o defeat_n at_o cannae_n forbid_v woman_n to_o be_v gold_n or_o purple_n and_o some_o other_o ornament_n this_o law_n the_o present_a tribune_n endeavour_v to_o abrogate_v affair_n be_v change_v and_o the_o occasion_n remove_v be_v violent_o oppose_v by_o porcius_n cato_n the_o consul_n a_o famous_a morale_a who_o public_o and_o severe_o inveigh_v against_o the_o female_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o tribune_n answer_v he_o out_o of_o his_o own_o book_n but_o chief_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o woman_n tumultuous_a fill_n the_o street_n and_o the_o assembly_n with_o their_o importunate_a cry_n it_o be_v at_o last_o annul_v cato_n then_o betake_v himself_o to_o spain_n his_o own_o province_n where_o use_v severity_n to_o himself_o as_o well_o as_o his_o soldier_n he_o restore_v the_o roman_a discipline_n in_o those_o part_n and_o reduce_v many_o of_o the_o spanish_a nation_n who_o have_v late_o revolt_v the_o roman_n have_v still_o war_n with_o the_o gaul_n who_o be_v join_v with_o their_o neighbour_n the_o ligurian_n but_o they_o be_v not_o much_o burdensome_a to_o the_o state_n nor_o such_o as_o hinder_v the_o progress_n of_o learning_n in_o the_o city_n for_o about_o this_o time_n plautus_n have_v many_o play_n act_v at_o rome_n with_o great_a applause_n and_o he_o it_o be_v that_o bring_v comedy_n to_o its_o perfection_n in_o this_o city_n be_v a_o person_n of_o a_o great_a genius_n and_o a_o complete_a master_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n which_o though_o it_o be_v not_o arrive_v to_o its_o utmost_a purity_n have_v even_o then_o a_o masculine_a strength_n and_o energy_n which_o be_v very_o excellent_a the_o roman_n be_v not_o without_o some_o war_n in_o greece_n for_o nabis_n late_o mention_v still_o oppose_v they_o but_o be_v force_v to_o submit_v in_o no_o long_a time_n and_o about_o this_o time_n antiochus_n king_n of_o syria_n by_o his_o encroachment_n upon_o the_o roman_a ally_n give_v a_o occasion_n to_o the_o roman_n to_o fall_v out_o with_o he_o and_o this_o he_o do_v partly_o through_o his_o own_o ambition_n and_o hatred_n to_o rome_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o hannibal_n who_o have_v be_v late_o force_v thither_o by_o the_o ingratitude_n of_o his_o own_o countryman_n these_o matter_n occasion_v ambassy_n on_o both_o side_n but_o to_o no_o great_a effect_n till_o at_o last_o antiochus_n proceed_v so_o far_o into_o greece_n itself_o the_o aetolian_n treacherous_o join_v with_o they_o that_o the_o roman_n after_o suitable_a preparation_n proclaim_v war_n against_o he_o which_o be_v five_o year_n after_o the_o finish_v the_o macedonian_a war._n antiochus_z as_o well_o as_o philip_n be_v one_o of_o alexander_n 53â—_n successor_n though_o of_o another_o kingdom_n and_o surname_v magnus_n be_v a_o very_a potent_a prince_n and_o master_n of_o great_a dominion_n therefore_o the_o great_a preparation_n be_v make_v against_o he_o and_o acilius_n the_o consul_n be_v send_v into_o greece_n to_o manage_v the_o war._n acilius_n easy_o recover_v those_o place_n which_o antiochus_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o in_o thessaly_n then_o follow_v that_o king_n to_o the_o null_n of_o thermopylae_n whither_o he_o have_v retire_v he_o force_v he_o out_o of_o his_o advantageous_a post_n and_o give_v he_o such_o a_o overthrow_n that_o he_o immediate_o abandon_v all_o greece_n the_o aetolian_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o conqueror_n while_o acilius_n perform_v these_o act_n in_o greece_n his_o colleague_n nasica_n get_v a_o notable_a victory_n over_o the_o boian_a gaul_n in_o italy_n which_o entire_o break_v all_o their_o power_n lucius_n scipio_n and_o laelius_n nepos_n be_v consul_n for_o the_o follow_a year_n come_v according_a to_o custom_n to_o divide_v the_o province_n by_o lot_n both_o be_v extreme_o desirous_a to_o have_v greece_n and_o laelius_n be_v in_o great_a favour_n offer_v to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o senate_n which_o scipio_n be_v persuade_v to_o assent_v to_o by_o his_o brother_n africanus_n the_o matter_n be_v whole_o new_a and_o the_o senate_n expect_v many_o speech_n and_o argument_n on_o both_o side_n when_o africanus_n stand_v up_o tell_v the_o father_n that_o if_o they_o will_v decree_v greece_n for_o his_o brother_n province_n he_o himself_o will_v be_v his_o legatus_fw-la or_o lieutenant_n at_o which_o there_o need_v no_o other_o argument_n for_o it_o be_v immediate_o vote_v with_o universal_a consent_n and_o applause_n and_o power_n give_v to_o scipio_n to_o pass_v into_o asia_n if_o he_o see_v it_o convenient_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n antiochus_n lie_v at_o ephesus_n in_o asia_n secure_a as_o he_o imagine_v of_o the_o roman_n but_o hannibal_n who_o have_v advise_v he_o to_o invade_v italy_n tell_v he_o he_o rather_o admire_v they_o be_v not_o there_o already_o than_o doubt_v of_o their_o come_n and_o procure_v the_o force_n to_o be_v send_v for_o out_o of_o the_o further_a province_n and_o all_o the_o ship_n that_o be_v ready_a to_o secure_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o hellespont_n where_o the_o consul_n most_o probable_o will_v pass_v pergamus_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o eumenes_n the_o friend_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v likewise_o invest_v but_o the_o siege_n be_v soon_o and_o antiochus_n send_v to_o aemilius_n the_o roman_a admiral_n now_o on_o those_o coast_n about_o a_o peace_n but_o he_o disow_v all_o power_n of_o conclude_v it_o without_o the_o consul_n soon_o after_o the_o rhodian_n defeat_v his_o admiral_n at_o sea_n which_o raise_v be_v hannibal_n a_o man_n out_o of_o his_o proper_a element_n and_o after_o that_o in_o a_o fight_n with_o aemilius_n eumenes_n and_o the_o rhodian_n he_o entire_o lose_v the_o command_n at_o sea_n antiochus_n affright_v at_o this_o ill_a fortune_n imprudent_o abandon_v lysimachia_n which_o may_v have_v keep_v the_o consul_n in_o action_n a_o year_n long_o and_o add_v one_o piece_n of_o indiscretion_n to_o another_o
suffer_v the_o scipio_n to_o pass_v the_o hellespont_n into_o asia_n without_o opposition_n this_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o the_o roman_n get_v foot_v in_o asia_n which_o so_o startle_v antiochus_n that_o he_o offer_v to_o quit_v all_o place_n in_o europe_n and_o such_o asia_n as_o be_v friend_n of_o rome_n to_o pay_v half_o the_o charge_v the_o roman_n be_v at_o in_o this_o war_n and_o rather_o than_o not_o obtain_v peace_n to_o part_v with_o a_o portion_n of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n the_o ambassador_n who_o carry_v these_o proposal_n use_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o procure_v the_o favour_n of_o africanus_n offer_v he_o the_o restitution_n of_o his_o son_n who_o have_v be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o many_o other_o great_a and_o honourable_a advantage_n if_o it_o can_v be_v effect_v but_o africanus_n wouâ—d_v promise_v nothing_o more_o than_o only_o private_a office_n of_o kindness_n modest_o let_v they_o to_o know_v that_o since_o antiochus_n be_v now_o in_o such_o a_o decline_a state_n peace_n be_v not_o probable_o to_o be_v purchase_v at_o so_o easy_a a_o rate_n as_o former_o whereupon_o antiochus_n make_v what_o provision_n he_o can_v for_o a_o battle_n and_o africanus_n fall_v sick_a soon_o after_o to_o comfort_v he_o and_o to_o gain_v his_o favour_n he_o send_v he_o his_o son_n without_o ransom_n upon_o which_o the_o other_o in_o way_n of_o requital_n advise_v he_o not_o to_o engage_v with_o his_o brother_n till_o he_o can_v return_v to_o the_o camp_n antiochus_n therefore_o have_v receive_v this_o message_n decline_v fight_v what_o he_o can_v till_o scipio_n the_o consul_n press_v so_o hard_o upon_o he_o nigh_o magnesia_n that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o draw_v out_o his_o man_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 70000_o foot_n and_o 12000_o horse_n scipio_n oppose_v he_o with_o a_o much_o less_o army_n but_o in_o a_o few_o hour_n time_n entire_o defeat_v he_o where_o his_o own_o chariot_n arm_v with_o scythe_n be_v drive_v back_o upon_o his_o own_o man_n 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his_o brother_n have_v of_o africanus_n iii_o the_o roman_n have_v now_o but_o little_a employment_n 565._o abroad_o beside_o chastise_v the_o aetolian_n in_o greece_n which_o be_v soon_o effect_v by_o manlius_n scipio_n colleague_n and_o by_o the_o same_o consul_n a_o expedition_n be_v undertake_v against_o the_o gallo_n grecian_n or_o galatian_n in_o asia_n with_o good_a success_n but_o luxury_n and_o idleness_n be_v first_o bring_v into_o rome_n by_o his_o army_n out_o of_o asia_n the_o same_o year_n the_o census_n be_v perform_v 258328_o free_a citizen_n be_v cess_v in_o the_o three_o year_n after_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n with_o antiochus_n scipio_n africanus_n be_v malicious_o accuse_v of_o defraud_v the_o treasury_n of_o the_o booty_n take_v in_o the_o war_n and_o of_o too_o nigh_o a_o correspondence_n with_o antiochus_n and_o of_o matter_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n some_o write_v that_o his_o accuser_n be_v incite_v to_o it_o by_o cato_n who_o hate_v he_o for_o his_o be_v frequent_o salute_v king_n in_o spain_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n there_o and_o occasion_v he_o to_o have_v a_o day_n set_v he_o by_o the_o tribune_n to_o answer_v it_o before_o the_o people_n the_o day_n of_o hear_v be_v come_v and_o the_o tribune_n have_v take_v their_o place_n in_o the_o rostra_fw-la this_o great_a man_n enter_v the_o assembly_n with_o a_o mighty_a train_n of_o friend_n and_o client_n all_o the_o people_n have_v their_o eye_n fix_v upon_o he_o with_o admiration_n silence_n be_v make_v he_o with_o a_o undaunted_a bravery_n put_v on_o his_o triumphal_a crown_n and_o with_o the_o voice_n of_o a_o conqueror_n cry_v this_o very_a day_n o_o roman_n i_o do_v overcome_v the_o fierce_a hannibal_n and_o vanquish_v the_o powerful_a carthaginian_n therefore_o let_v we_o lay_v aside_o private_a contest_v and_o go_v as_o many_o as_o can_v to_o the_o capitol_n to_o thank_v the_o god_n for_o give_v i_o the_o will_n and_o power_n of_o dâ—ing_v such_o eminent_a service_n for_o my_o country_n whereupon_o go_v up_o to_o the_o capitol_n the_o whole_a assembly_n follow_v he_o as_o also_o to_o all_o the_o temple_n in_o the_o city_n insomuch_o that_o the_o very_a viatâ—rs_n and_o clerk_n leave_v the_o tribune_n alone_o who_o from_o accuser_n be_v turn_v admirer_n short_o after_o the_o tribune_n accuse_v he_o in_o the_o senate-house_n and_o desire_v he_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o his_o answer_n scipio_n bold_o rise_v up_o produce_v his_o book_n of_o account_n and_o â—ore_v they_o in_o piece_n before_o they_o all_o disdain_v to_o give_v a_o account_n for_o so_o small_a a_o matter_n in_o comparison_n of_o those_o vast_a sum_n be_v himself_o have_v bring_v into_o the_o treasury_n the_o next_o day_n of_o appearance_n he_o absent_v himself_o and_o his_o brother_n declare_v his_o indisposition_n he_o be_v excuse_v and_o another_o day_n appoint_v before_o which_o time_n he_o withdraw_v himself_o to_o linternum_n a_o sea-town_n of_o campania_n and_o there_o liuâ—d_v a_o retired_a life_n in_o his_o absence_n the_o tribune_n be_v very_o violent_a against_o he_o yet_o through_o the_o interposition_n of_o gracchus_n one_o of_o they_o he_o be_v not_o condemn_v his_o brother_n asiaticus_n be_v short_o after_o call_v to_o a_o account_n about_o matter_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n but_o by_o gracchus_n mean_n likewise_o escape_v public_a punishment_n the_o year_n follow_v many_o scandalous_a abuse_n of_o the_o feast_n of_o bacchus_n be_v strict_o inquire_v into_o and_o reform_v three_o year_n after_o which_o the_o great_a africanus_n die_v who_o according_a to_o val._n maximus_n order_v 571._o ingrata_fw-la patria_fw-la ne_fw-la ossa_fw-la quidem_fw-la mea_fw-la habes_fw-la to_o be_v engrave_v on_o his_o tomb_n my_o ungrateful_a country_n shall_v have_v none_o of_o my_o remain_n this_o same_o year_n be_v remarkable_a for_o the_o death_n of_o two_o other_o famous_a man_n philopoemen_n captain_n of_o the_o achaean_n in_o greece_n and_o hannibal_n the_o latter_a of_o 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which_o make_v perseus_n begin_v to_o reflect_v upon_o what_o he_o have_v do_v and_o understand_a the_o motion_n and_o preparation_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o apply_v himself_o to_o marcius_n about_o a_o treaty_n for_o peace_n rely_v upon_o the_o ancient_a friendship_n between_o their_o two_o family_n the_o ambassador_n be_v well_o satisfy_v with_o this_o opportunity_n and_o to_o divert_v he_o from_o action_n grant_v he_o truce_n till_o he_o may_v send_v to_o rome_n for_o without_o this_o he_o may_v have_v begin_v the_o war_n much_o to_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o have_v neither_o army_n nor_o commander_n yet_o arriuâ—d_v in_o grecce_n the_o senate_n deny_v he_o peace_n and_o attilius_n the_o consul_n be_v send_v to_o seize_v upon_o larissa_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o thessaly_n whereupon_o perseus_n draw_v all_o his_o force_n together_o have_v gather_v together_o a_o great_a army_n than_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n be_v master_n of_o since_o alexander_n the_o 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consul_n who_o be_v to_o manage_v this_o war_n perform_v but_o little_a of_o moment_n beside_o reduce_v his_o man_n to_o that_o ancient_a discipline_n which_o his_o predecessor_n have_v too_o much_o neglect_v marcius_n philippus_n succeed_v he_o at_o his_o first_o entrance_n into_o his_o province_n may_v have_v easy_o be_v defeat_v have_v he_o meet_v with_o a_o prudent_a and_o expert_a enemy_n the_o way_n be_v so_o difficult_a and_o dangerous_a to_o pass_v that_o his_o soldier_n can_v scarce_o hold_v their_o weapon_n in_o their_o hand_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o weariness_n and_o after_o he_o have_v enter_v the_o plain_n he_o may_v as_o easy_o have_v be_v block_v up_o and_o staruâ—d_v have_v not_o perseus_n strike_v with_o a_o groundless_a fear_n retreat_v to_o pydna_n and_o leave_v all_o the_o pass_v open_a to_o he_o yet_o marcius_n act_v nothing_o of_o consequence_n leave_v all_o to_o be_v perform_v by_o his_o successor_n aemilius_n paulus_n who_o have_v be_v consul_n 17_o year_n before_o and_o be_v a_o very_a experienced_a commander_n aemilius_z very_o skilful_o manage_v the_o war_n and_o cause_v the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n to_o be_v foretell_v to_o his_o soldier_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v discourage_v by_o it_o which_o much_o terrify_v the_o enemy_n that_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o natural_a cause_n he_o keep_v his_o man_n from_o fight_v when_o they_o be_v fatigue_v though_o the_o officer_n be_v desirous_a to_o engage_v but_o the_o army_n lie_v encamp_v on_o each_o side_n the_o river_n enipeus_n a_o peast_n by_o chance_n pass_v over_o from_o the_o roman_a side_n be_v seize_v on_o and_o be_v rescue_v by_o degree_n draw_v both_o army_n to_o a_o engagement_n wherein_o persâ—us_n lose_v the_o day_n and_o with_o it_o his_o kingdom_n he_o fly_v into_o the_o isle_n of_o crete_n when_o all_o abandon_v he_o surrender_v himself_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o cn._n octavius_n aemilius_z severe_o chastise_v the_o epirot_n who_o have_v joynâ—d_v with_o perseâ—s_n plunder_v and_o demolish_n about_o 70_o of_o their_o town_n whereby_o such_o a_o great_a booty_n be_v gain_v that_o each_o footman_n have_v 200_o denarii_fw-la above_o 7_o english_a pound_n and_o every_o horseman_n twice_o as_o much_o but_o the_o soldier_n have_v gain_v little_a or_o no_o plunder_n in_o mâ—câ—donia_n nor_o any_o of_o the_o king_n treasure_n denyâ—d_v their_o general_n a_o triumph_n which_o he_o obtain_v notwithstanding_o and_o that_o a_o most_o splendid_a one_o too_o such_o as_o rome_n scare_v ever_o see_v before_o preseus_n himself_o and_o his_o two_o son_n be_v lead_v in_o great_a state_n and_o magnificence_n before_o his_o triumphal_a chariot_n and_o the_o same_o year_n cn._n octavius_n the_o praetor_n at_o sea_n triumph_v and_o l._n anicius_n before_o who_o chariot_n be_v lead_v gentius_n king_n of_o the_o illyrian_n who_o be_v a_o confederate_a of_o perseus_n be_v oblige_v to_o yield_v himself_o prisoner_n thus_o end_v the_o second_o macedonian_a war_n in_o three_o year_n time_n and_o with_o it_o the_o macedonian_a kingdom_n after_o it_o have_v continue_v 156_o year_n after_o alexanderâ—s_n death_n and_o several_a hundred_o of_o year_n before_o aemilius_z by_o this_o conquest_n bring_v 200_o million_o of_o sesterce_n into_o the_o treasure_n according_a to_o paterculus_n iv._o now_o the_o roman_a grandeur_n begin_v to_o display_v itself_o through_o all_o country_n and_o nation_n 586._o many_o king_n and_o potentate_n become_v humble_a suppliant_n to_o the_o senate_n be_v all_o at_o their_o disposal_n and_o learn_v now_o flourish_v much_o more_o than_o ever_o be_v much_o forward_v by_o the_o roman_n converse_v and_o familiarity_n with_o the_o grecian_n who_o they_o have_v late_o conquer_v and_o much_o encourage_v by_o scipio_n and_o laelius_n the_o two_o noble_a patron_n of_o eloquence_n poetry_n and_o all_o art_n and_o the_o worthy_a and_o most_o accomplish_a gentleman_n in_o rome_n the_o former_a of_o these_o be_v aemilius_n the_o consul_n son_n adopt_v by_o the_o son_n of_o africanus_n and_o the_o other_o be_v son_n to_o laelius_n who_o former_o do_v great_a service_n in_o africa_n in_o this_o time_n flourish_v the_o famous_a comedian_n terence_n who_o write_v with_o extraordinary_a correctness_n and_o accuracy_n and_o help_v to_o bring_v the_o roman_a tongue_n to_o a_o great_a perfection_n as_o to_o purity_n and_o propriety_n his_o first_o play_n be_v act_v one_o year_n after_o the_o conquest_n of_o macedonia_n and_o perseus_n and_o not_o only_o the_o learning_n riches_n and_o dominion_n of_o rome_n be_v encreasâ—d_v but_o likewise_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o in_o a_o lustration_n about_o this_o time_n there_o were_v 312081_o free_a citizen_n cess_v for_o 17_o or_o 18_o year_n the_o roman_n be_v employ_v in_o more_o inferior_a war_n such_o as_o those_o with_o the_o ligurian_n corsican_o dalmatian_n and_o spaniard_n and_o likewise_o the_o macedenian_o be_v all_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o revolt_v which_o though_o they_o often_o create_v much_o trouble_n to_o the_o state_n 604._o yet_o they_o be_v not_o so_o memorable_a as_o to_o deserve_v a_o particular_a account_n in_o this_o volume_n these_o war_n be_v scarce_o finish_v when_o the_o roman_n find_v a_o pretence_n to_o begin_v the_o three_o carthaginian_a war_n which_o be_v their_o be_v in_o arm_n against_o masanissa_n a_o roman_a ally_n though_o they_o have_v sufficient_a justice_n on_o their_o side_n the_o roman_a ambassador_n who_o be_v send_v to_o carthage_n find_v the_o city_n very_o rich_a and_o flourish_a from_o their_o fifty_o year_n peace_n at_o their_o return_n insist_v much_o on_o the_o danger_n which_o threaten_v rome_n from_o that_o state_n especial_o cato_n who_o never_o come_v into_o the_o senate_n but_o after_o his_o speak_v to_o any_o public_a business_n conclude_v with_o delenda_fw-la est_fw-la carthago_n carthage_n be_v to_o be_v destroy_v he_o be_v often_o oppose_v by_o scipio_n nasica_n who_o urge_v that_o upon_o the_o removal_n of_o so_o powerful_a a_o rival_n security_n will_v cause_v the_o ruin_n and_o dissolution_n of_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n as_o it_o afterward_o prove_v but_o cato_n reason_n draw_v from_o the_o present_a danger_n so_o overrule_v scipio_n forecast_n that_o the_o senate_n now_o have_v a_o pretence_n of_o a_o open_a breach_n of_o article_n order_v war_n to_o be_v proclaim_v against_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o both_o the_o consul_n be_v send_v with_o a_o full_a resolution_n utter_o to_o destroy_v carthage_n the_o carthaginian_n affright_v at_o the_o roman_n preparation_n immediate_o condemn_v those_o who_o have_v break_v the_o league_n and_o most_o humble_o offer_v any_o reasonable_a satisfaction_n answer_n be_v return_v to_o they_o that_o they_o shall_v enjoy_v all_o as_o former_o provide_v they_o send_v 300_o hostage_n of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o city_n within_o 30_o day_n to_o sicily_n and_o do_v what_o the_o consul_n shall_v fâ—rther_o command_v '_o they_o the_o carthaginians_n desire_v nothing_o more_o than_o
peace_n send_v their_o child_n within_o the_o limit_a time_n and_o the_o consul_n land_v at_o utica_n soon_o after_o they_o send_v their_o commissioner_n to_o wait_v upon_o they_o and_o know_v their_o pleasure_n censorinus_n the_o consul_n commend_v their_o diligence_n demand_v all_o their_o arm_n which_o without_o any_o fraud_n be_v deliver_v up_o now_o the_o carthaginian_n implore_v mercy_n with_o many_o tear_n and_o all_o possible_a submission_n desire_v to_o know_v their_o last_o doom_n the_o consul_n tell_v they_o that_o they_o be_v command_v to_o quit_v their_o city_n which_o they_o have_v special_a order_n to_o level_n with_o the_o ground_n and_o build_v another_o any_o where_o in_o their_o own_o territory_n so_o it_o be_v but_o 10_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n this_o severe_a command_n they_o receiuâ—d_v with_o all_o the_o concern_v and_o rage_n of_o a_o despair_v people_n and_o resolve_v to_o suffer_v the_o great_a extremity_n rather_o than_o abandon_v or_o yield_v to_o the_o ruin_n of_o their_o ancient_a seat_n and_o habitation_n the_o consul_n be_v very_o backward_o in_o begin_v the_o war_n not_o doubt_v but_o easy_o to_o become_v master_n of_o the_o city_n now_o in_o this_o naked_a and_o defenceless_a condition_n but_o they_o find_v it_o far_o otherwise_o for_o the_o inhabitant_n act_v by_o a_o desperate_a rage_n and_o fury_n both_o man_n and_o woman_n fall_v to_o work_v night_n and_o day_n in_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o city_n and_o make_v of_o arm_n and_o where_o iron_n and_o brass_n be_v want_v they_o make_v use_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o woman_n free_o cut_v off_o the_o hair_n of_o their_o head_n to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o tow_n or_o flax._n asdrubal_n who_o have_v late_o be_v condemn_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v now_o make_v their_o general_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n where_o he_o have_v already_o a_o good_a army_n and_o such_o preparation_n be_v make_v that_o when_o the_o consul_n come_v before_o the_o city_n they_o find_v such_o notable_a resistance_n as_o much_o discourage_v they_o and_o as_o much_o increase_v the_o resolution_n of_o the_o besiege_a the_o consul_n engage_v several_a time_n to_o their_o disadvantage_n and_o may_v have_v be_v great_a loser_n have_v not_o the_o army_n be_v secure_v and_o bring_v off_o by_o the_o great_a wisdom_n and_o courage_n of_o scipio_n aemilianus_n former_o mention_v who_o draw_v over_o pharneas_n master_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a horse_n to_o his_o side_n which_o action_n gain_v he_o great_a fame_n and_o honour_n this_o year_n dyâ—d_v masanissa_n 90_o year_n old_a leave_v his_o kingdom_n and_o a_o young_a son_n to_o scipioâ—s_n discretion_n and_o the_o same_o year_n dyâ—d_v cato_n in_o rome_n in_o the_o 85th_o year_n of_o his_o age_n who_o do_v not_o live_v to_o see_v the_o too_o much_o desire_v ruin_n of_o carthage_n little_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o consul_n in_o the_o follow_a year_n for_o they_o only_o invest_v clupea_n and_o hippo_n 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last_o it_o be_v desire_v by_o some_o that_o all_o that_o will_v come_v forth_o shall_v have_v their_o life_n which_o be_v grant_v to_o all_o but_o revolter_n above_o 50000_o yield_v and_o be_v save_v as_o do_v afterward_o asdrubal_n himself_o he_o be_v much_o revile_v for_o it_o by_o the_o revolter_n who_o find_v their_o condition_n desperate_a set_v fire_n to_o the_o temple_n and_o burn_v themselves_o with_o it_o who_o example_n be_v follow_v by_o asdrubal_n wife_n who_o in_o a_o desperate_a fury_n throw_v herself_o and_o she_o two_o child_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o flame_n then_o be_v this_o magnificent_a city_n lay_v in_o ash_n be_v 24_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o so_o large_a that_o the_o burn_v of_o it_o continue_v 17_o day_n together_o the_o senate_n at_o rome_n receive_v this_o long_a expect_a news_n with_o extraordinary_a joy_n and_o satisfaction_n and_o dispatch_v man_n of_o their_o own_o order_n who_o they_o join_v with_o scipio_n for_o the_o dispose_n of_o the_o 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great_a enlargement_n of_o the_o dominion_n power_n and_o riches_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n this_o happen_v in_o the_o 60â—th_n year_n of_o the_o city_n a._n m._n 3859_o in_o the_o 3d_o year_n of_o the_o 15â—th_n olympiad_n 363_o year_n since_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n 184_o since_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o macedonian_a empire_n by_o alexander_n 119_o since_o the_o first_o contest_v between_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n and_o 144_o before_o our_o saviour_n '_o be_v nativity_n chap._n xii_o from_o the_o destruction_n of_o carthage_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o sedition_n of_o the_o gracchi_n which_o much_o shake_v the_o government_n and_o be_v the_o first_o step_v towards_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 23_o year_n i._o now_o rome_n begin_v to_o pride_n herself_o to_o a_o high_a degree_n than_o ever_o 608._o have_v get_v free_a from_o her_o enemy_n that_o she_o most_o fear_v and_o most_o hate_a her_o dominion_n be_v extend_v to_o a_o large_a circumference_n and_o the_o commonwealth_n increase_v to_o a_o noble_a height_n of_o glory_n but_o to_o a_o more_o dangerous_a degree_n of_o security_n in_o respect_n of_o neighbour_n which_o in_o not_o many_o year_n prove_v the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o present_a government_n however_o the_o power_n and_o conquest_n of_o the_o state_n still_o daily_o increase_v and_o this_o same_o year_n corinth_n one_o of_o the_o noble_a city_n in_o greece_n sustain_v the_o same_o fate_n with_o carthage_n be_v level_v with_o the_o ground_n the_o occasion_n be_v give_v by_o the_o achaean_n themselves_z who_o not_o only_o affront_v the_o roman_a ambassador_n send_v to_o dissolve_v the_o confederacy_n and_o to_o leave_v the_o city_n to_o the_o government_n of_o their_o own_o peculiar_a law_n but_o likewise_o join_v with_o other_o in_o a_o
war_n against_o the_o lacedaemonian_n the_o ally_n of_o rome_n upon_o these_o ground_n the_o senate_n decree_v war_n against_o they_o and_o metellus_n now_o in_o macedonia_n undertake_v it_o who_o draw_v down_o his_o army_n through_o thessaly_n into_o boeotia_n overthrow_v critolaus_n then_o take_v thebes_n and_o megara_n about_o which_o time_n mummius_n the_o consul_n succeed_v he_o in_o his_o province_n and_o this_o mummius_n overthrow_v dieus_n the_o achaean_n general_n after_o which_o he_o enter_v corinth_n and_o demolish_v it_o because_o there_o the_o ambassador_n have_v be_v affront_v and_o 〈◊〉_d scipio_n who_o destroy_v carthage_n like_o the_o former_a 〈◊〉_d have_v the_o surname_n of_o africanus_n and_o metellus_n for_o reduce_v macedonia_n that_o of_o macedonicus_n so_o mummius_n for_o his_o success_n this_o year_n obtain_v the_o surname_n of_o achaicus_n because_o he_o reduce_v those_o part_n and_o all_o greece_n with_o epirus_n into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o province_n call_v afterward_o by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o achaia_n it_o be_v now_o 74_o year_n since_o the_o roman_n enter_v spain_n in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n 609._o and_o many_o and_o frequent_a struggle_n have_v be_v make_v by_o that_o people_n especial_o since_o the_o departure_n of_o scipio_n africanus_n the_o elder_a at_o this_o time_n be_v viriatus_n up_o in_o arm_n who_o from_o a_o shepherd_n become_v a_o robber_n and_o from_o a_o robber_n a_o general_n over_o a_o numerous_a party_n of_o such_o as_o himself_o which_o create_v the_o roman_n much_o trouble_v for_o some_o time_n and_o fabius_n the_o brother_n of_o scipio_n the_o young_a after_o some_o success_n against_o he_o be_v at_o last_o reduce_v to_o such_o extremity_n that_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o accept_v of_o peace_n upon_o equal_a term_n which_o coepio_n the_o follow_a year_n consul_n refuse_v to_o stand_v to_o receive_v new_a order_n from_o the_o senate_n to_o prosecute_v the_o war._n coepio_n attempt_v to_o destroy_v viriatus_n 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far_o less_o successful_a for_o set_v upon_o the_o vaccaei_n a_o harmless_a and_o quiet_a people_n of_o the_o hithermost_a spain_n he_o be_v entire_o defeat_v by_o '_o they_o these_o misfortune_n so_o terrify_v the_o roman_a soldier_n that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o tremble_v at_o the_o sight_n of_o a_o spaniard_n and_o this_o oblige_v the_o citizen_n of_o rome_n to_o choose_v scipio_n africanus_n consul_n a_o second_o time_n as_o the_o chief_a hope_n and_o bulwark_n of_o their_o country_n scipio_n at_o first_o restore_v discipline_n the_o want_n of_o which_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o their_o former_a ill_a success_n but_o come_v to_o engage_v he_o find_v the_o courage_n of_o the_o enemy_n so_o extraordinary_a that_o he_o resolve_v to_o fight_v no_o more_o but_o lay_v a_o close_a siege_n to_o numantia_n which_o he_o do_v with_o all_o possible_a care_n and_o diligence_n at_o last_o the_o besiege_a be_v so_o straighten_a that_o they_o offer_v to_o yield_v upon_o reasonable_a term_n or_o to_o fight_v if_o they_o may_v have_v battle_n give_v they_o notwithstanding_o the_o great_a inequality_n of_o their_o number_n but_o neither_o of_o these_o be_v allow_v they_o they_o all_o drink_v strong_a liquor_n purposely_o to_o inflame_v themselves_o and_o then_o fall_v upon_o the_o besieger_n with_o such_o a_o desperate_a fury_n that_o the_o roman_n have_v all_o flee_v have_v any_o other_o general_n but_o scipio_n command_v '_o they_o the_o besiege_a find_v there_o be_v no_o avoid_v being_n make_v prisoner_n fire_v the_o city_n over_o their_o own_o head_n scarce_o a_o man_n be_v leave_v to_o be_v lead_v in_o triumph_n this_o famous_a city_n seat_v in_o gallaecia_n have_v for_o 14_o year_n together_o withstand_v 40000_o roman_n with_o only_o 4000_o man_n often_o put_v â—em_v to_o great_a loss_n and_o shame_n and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v no_o long_o a_o trouble_v to_o they_o scipio_n destroy_v it_o after_o a_o siege_n of_o fifteen_o month_n 13._o year_n after_o he_o have_v destroy_v carthage_n mutius_n scaevol_n and_o calpurnius_n piso_n both_o learned_a man_n be_v consul_n scipio_n gain_v a_o great_a name_n both_o by_o destroy_v carthage_n and_o numantia_n the_o former_a be_v a_o terror_n and_o the_o latter_a a_o reproach_n to_o the_o roman_n all_o spain_n be_v now_o bring_v to_o a_o more_o entire_a subjection_n than_o ever_o be_v not_o many_o year_n before_o divide_v into_o the_o three_o province_n of_o terraconensis_fw-la eâ—eâ—ica_fw-la and_o lusitanica_n two_o praetor_n be_v yearly_o send_v thither_o for_o its_o better_a government_n at_o this_o time_n flourish_v lucilius_n the_o famous_a satirist_n the_o first_o at_o least_o of_o note_n of_o that_o kind_n in_o rome_n and_o this_o same_o year_n be_v a_o servile_a war_n in_o sicily_n but_o the_o slave_n be_v in_o a_o short_a time_n entire_o break_v and_o disperse_v ii_o the_o roman_n now_o begin_v daily_a to_o degenerate_v from_o their_o ancient_a modesty_n 621._o plainness_n and_o severity_n of_o life_n addict_v themselves_o more_o and_o more_o to_o pleasure_n and_o luxury_n for_o the_o asian_a expedition_n and_o triumph_n have_v bring_v in_o excess_n and_o riot_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o carthage_n take_v away_o all_o fear_n idleness_n and_o security_n as_o well_o as_o avarice_n and_o ambition_n by_o degree_n steal_v in_o upon_o they_o and_o almost_o a_o general_n corruption_n begin_v to_o mix_v with_o the_o state_n for_o though_o after_o this_o time_n many_o a_o powerful_a people_n be_v subdue_v art_n and_o learn_v daily_o increase_v and_o flourish_v and_o great_a glory_n be_v obtain_v abroad_o yet_o it_o be_v often_o stain_v and_o sully_v with_o inglorious_a faction_n seditious_a jealousy_n and_o contention_n at_o home_n sometime_o to_o the_o shed_n of_o one_o another_o blood_n of_o which_o that_o of_o tiberius_n gracchus_n be_v the_o first_o remarkable_a instance_n this_o person_n be_v the_o elder_a africanus_n grandson_n and_o of_o a_o stir_a and_o active_a spirit_n have_v a_o share_n in_o mancinusâ—s_n dishonourable_a treaty_n in_o spain_n for_o which_o be_v reflect_v on_o by_o the_o senate_n who_o not_o without_o injustice_n have_v break_v it_o and_o thereby_o both_o shame_v and_o affright_v he_o endeavour_v to_o make_v himself_o popular_a by_o restrain_v the_o injust_a oppression_n of_o the_o nobility_n which_o be_v now_o far_o more_o notorious_a than_o former_o and_o therefore_o procure_v himself_o to_o be_v choose_v tribune_n he_o prefer_v a_o law_n forbid_v any_o man_n to_o possess_v above_o â—00_o acre_n of_o the_o public_a land_n and_o order_v the_o overplus_n to_o be_v divide_v among_o the_o poor_a for_o it_o be_v customary_a for_o the_o roman_n to_o divide_v those_o land_n which_o be_v take_v from_o their_o enemy_n among_o their_o own_o citizen_n if_o arable_a if_o not_o they_o farmed_a they_o out_o by_o the_o censor_n to_o the_o italian_n or_o the_o ordinary_a sort_n of_o roman_n upon_o condition_n that_o if_o they_o plough_v they_o they_o shall_v pay_v the_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o corn_n and_o the_o five_o of_o other_o fruit_n but_o if_o they_o do_v not_o plough_v they_o they_o pay_v a_o certain_a rent_n but_o corruption_n daily_o increase_v in_o the_o state_n the_o poor_a husbandman_n be_v by_o degree_n thrust_v out_o of_o their_o ancient_a possession_n by_o the_o great_a oppression_n and_o licentiousness_n of_o the_o rich_a who_o by_o purchase_v and_o other_o method_n get_v these_o land_n all_o into_o their_o own_o hand_n so_o that_o the_o public_a by_o this_o mean_n be_v defraud_v of_o its_o revenue_n and_o the_o poor_a of_o their_o livelyhood_n for_o the_o reformation_n of_o these_o abuse_n gracchus_n take_v great_a care_n and_o whereas_o the_o lex_fw-la licinia_n and_o sempronia_n be_v former_o enact_v for_o restrain_v the_o avarice_n of_o the_o rich_a he_o strengthen_v the_o former_a by_o add_v lest_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v wrest_v that_o one_o half_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o child_n and_o the_o
rest_n divide_v among_o such_o poor_a as_o have_v nothing_o and_o lest_o any_o shall_v go_v about_o to_o enlarge_v their_o portion_n by_o purchase_n triumvir_n or_o three_o man_n be_v yearly_o appoint_v to_o judge_n what_o land_n be_v public_a and_o what_o be_v private_a these_o matter_n though_o at_o first_o carry_v on_o with_o sufficient_a moderation_n extreme_o disgu_v the_o nobility_n and_o rich_a sort_n who_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o law_n be_v to_o part_v with_o much_o of_o their_o estate_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n they_o frequent_o insinuate_v to_o the_o people_n that_o gracchus_n have_v introduce_v this_o law_n with_o a_o design_n only_o to_o disturb_v the_o government_n and_o to_o put_v all_o thing_n into_o confusion_n but_o gracchus_n be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a ability_n and_o eloquence_n easy_o wipe_v off_o those_o aspersion_n and_o in_o a_o public_a speech_n tell_v the_o people_n that_o while_o the_o savage_a beast_n and_o destroyer_n of_o mankind_n want_v not_o their_o place_n of_o repose_n and_o refuge_n those_o man_n who_o expose_v their_o life_n for_o their_o country_n be_v forbid_v all_o enjoyment_n but_o the_o open_a air_n and_o sunshine_n that_o their_o commander_n before_o the_o battle_n ridiculous_o exhort_v they_o to_o fight_v for_o their_o temple_n and_o altar_n and_o their_o ancestor_n seat_n when_o they_o have_v none_o of_o these_o to_o defend_v oâ—_n care_n for_o they_o have_v the_o honour_n indeed_o of_o gain_v large_a and_o rich_a dominion_n but_o have_v not_o the_o profit_n of_o enjoy_v the_o small_a and_o mean_a possession_n and_o likewise_o have_v the_o honour_n of_o be_v style_v lord_n of_o the_o universe_n but_o have_v not_o the_o command_n of_o one_o foot_n of_o land_n this_o speech_n and_o some_o other_o of_o his_o have_v great_a effect_n upon_o the_o common_a people_n who_o before_z be_v forward_o enough_o in_o promote_a a_o law_n so_o very_o advantageous_a to_o themselves_o but_o gracchus_n meet_v with_o much_o opposition_n on_o one_o side_n as_o well_o as_o encouragement_n on_o the_o other_o begin_v now_o to_o proceed_v with_o great_a heat_n and_o violence_n and_o be_v oppose_v by_o octavius_n one_o of_o his_o colleague_n he_o so_o manage_v he_o both_o by_o cunning_a and_o violence_n as_o he_o be_v force_v to_o quit_v his_o office_n into_o who_o place_n he_o choose_v mummius_n one_o of_o his_o own_o faction_n this_o action_n of_o his_o be_v without_o all_o precedent_n much_o alienate_v the_o mind_n of_o many_o of_o the_o multitude_n and_o his_o own_o party_n who_o judge_v he_o use_v too_o great_a a_o freedom_n with_o the_o sacrosanct_a office_n of_o the_o tribuneship_n gracchus_n perceive_v this_o first_o make_v a_o very_a plausible_a defence_n and_o the_o more_o to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o the_o people_n he_o offer_v to_o prefer_v a_o law_n for_o distribute_v the_o money_n of_o attalus_n king_n of_o pergamus_n which_o he_o have_v late_o leave_v together_o with_o his_o kingdom_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n this_o cause_v great_a disturbance_n among_o the_o senate_n and_o nobility_n than_o before_o and_o all_o thing_n be_v carryâ—d_v on_o with_o more_o violent_a feud_n than_o ever_o so_o that_o gracchus_n death_n begin_v now_o to_o be_v think_v on_o and_o design_v as_o the_o sure_a mean_n to_o quiet_a all_o disturbance_n and_o to_o compose_v all_o difference_n the_o senate_n be_v assemble_v to_o consult_v the_o most_o proper_a method_n in_o this_o juncture_n and_o all_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o mâ—tius_n scaevola_n the_o consul_n shall_v defend_v the_o commonwealth_n by_o arm_n he_o refuse_v to_o act_v any_o thing_n by_o force_n whereupon_o scipio_n nasica_n gracchus_n kinsman_n take_v up_o his_o gown_n under_o his_o left-arm_n hold_v up_o his_o right-hand_n in_o great_a passion_n cry_v since_o the_o consul_n regard_v not_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n lâ—t_v every_o man_n that_o will_v defend_v the_o dignity_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n follow_v i_o upon_o this_o he_o go_v direct_o up_o to_o the_o capitol_n be_v accompany_v with_o most_o of_o the_o senate_n many_o equites_fw-la and_o some_o commoner_n arm_v with_o club_n staff_n and_o such_o like_a weapon_n who_o knock_v down_o all_o that_o resist_v open_v their_o way_n into_o the_o capitol_n where_o gracchus_n be_v speak_v to_o the_o people_n and_o endeavour_v to_o be_v choose_v tribune_n for_o the_o follow_a year_n in_o which_o place_n they_o fall_v upon_o both_o he_o and_o his_o hearer_n of_o who_o they_o kill_v 300_o and_o with_o they_o himself_o with_o a_o piece_n of_o a_o seat_n as_o he_o be_v endeavour_v to_o save_v himself_o by_o flight_n this_o be_v the_o first_o insurrection_n among_o the_o roman_n that_o end_v with_o effusion_n of_o blood_n since_o the_o abrogation_n of_o kingly_a government_n for_o all_o former_a sedition_n though_o many_o of_o they_o be_v very_o great_a and_o last_a be_v constant_o end_v by_o the_o two_o party_n yield_v to_o one_o another_o and_o submit_v all_o to_o the_o good_a of_o the_o public_a for_o then_o riches_n and_o private_a interest_n be_v not_o understand_v among_o the_o roman_n at_o this_o time_n there_o be_v some_o rise_n at_o athens_n and_o at_o delos_n be_v as_o spark_n of_o that_o fire_n kindle_v by_o the_o slave_n in_o sicily_n the_o year_n before_o which_o with_o some_o trouble_n be_v extinguish_v neither_o be_v italy_n itself_o altogether_o free_a from_o they_o but_o a_o great_a war_n ensue_v about_o the_o kingdom_n of_o asia_n for_o attalus_n king_n of_o pergamus_n or_o asia_n by_o his_o last_o will_n have_v leave_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n his_o heir_n as_o be_v before_o observe_v but_o after_o his_o decease_n aristonicus_n his_o bastard-brother_n seize_v on_o the_o kingdom_n as_o his_o own_o inheritance_n and_o right_n licinius_n crassus_n the_o consul_n be_v first_o send_v against_o he_o but_o be_v unfortunate_o overthrow_v in_o the_o first_o battle_n and_o be_v take_v prisoner_n strike_v one_o of_o the_o soldier_n on_o the_o eye_n on_o purpose_n to_o provoke_v he_o to_o kill_v he_o which_o he_o do_v he_o thus_o miscarry_v though_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o several_a king_n his_o successor_n perpâ—nna_n haste_v into_o asia_n set_v upon_o aristonicus_n unaware_o before_o he_o be_v recover_v of_o his_o security_n contract_v by_o his_o victory_n first_o overthrow_v he_o in_o battle_n then_o besiege_v he_o in_o stratonice_n where_o by_o famine_n he_o force_v he_o to_o a_o surrender_n short_o after_o which_o he_o die_v himself_o at_o pergamus_n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o war_n be_v finish_v by_o aquilius_n the_o follow_a year_n consul_n who_o have_v settle_v the_o province_n with_o sufficient_a oppression_n of_o the_o people_n led_z aristonicus_n in_o triumph_n though_o he_o have_v be_v take_v by_o another_o and_o afterward_o by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n he_o be_v strangle_v in_o prison_n about_o 4_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o tiberius_n gracchus_n a_o little_a before_o which_o tiem_n a_o lustrum_fw-la be_v perform_v 330â—23_n free_a citizen_n be_v cess_v iii_o the_o civil_a dissension_n occasion_v by_o gracchus_n 625._o do_v not_o die_v with_o he_o his_o law_n for_o the_o division_n of_o the_o land_n be_v still_o in_o force_n of_o which_o the_o people_n be_v so_o fond_a that_o many_o disturbance_n be_v raise_v upon_o that_o account_n now_o gracchus_n have_v a_o young_a brother_n call_v caius_n who_o with_o flaccus_n and_o papirius_n have_v be_v make_v triumvir_n for_o divide_v the_o ground_n he_o with_o his_o colleague_n undertake_v the_o patronage_n of_o this_o law_n and_o perform_v his_o office_n with_o great_a vigour_n such_o trouble_v arise_v about_o the_o division_n the_o reckon_n the_o account_n and_o removal_n that_o the_o italian_n find_v themselves_o severe_o press_v upon_o betake_v themselves_o to_o scipio_n africanus_n for_o ease_n scipio_n do_v not_o altogether_o reject_v their_o suit_n nor_o yet_o will_v he_o make_v any_o objection_n against_o the_o law_n itself_o so_o he_o only_o move_v in_o senate_n that_o the_o executive_a power_n of_o it_o may_v be_v take_v from_o the_o triumvir_n and_o lodge_v in_o some_o other_o the_o senate_n most_o willing_o agree_v to_o this_o and_o confer_v it_o on_o sempronius_n tâ—ditanus_n the_o consul_n but_o he_o find_v the_o work_n troublesome_a and_o ungrateful_a retire_v from_o the_o city_n under_o pretence_n of_o the_o war_n in_o illyricum_n there_o be_v none_o at_o present_a to_o fly_v to_o in_o this_o juncture_n the_o people_n be_v much_o incense_v at_o scipio_n account_v he_o ingrateful_a and_o a_o favourer_n of_o the_o italian_n more_o than_o themselves_o which_o ill_a opinion_n of_o he_o be_v increase_v by_o his_o approve_v of_o the_o senior_n gracchus_n death_n and_o his_o reprimand_v the_o multitude_n for_o be_v dissatisfy_v with_o it_o but_o such_o be_v his_o fortune_n that_o be_v one_o night_n retire_v to_o his_o
the_o army_n he_o either_o force_v or_o by_o former_a agreement_n bring_v albinus_n to_o submit_v upon_o most_o dishonourable_a term_n in_o this_o condition_n do_v metellus_n the_o follow_a consul_n find_v affair_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n be_v almost_o ruin_v for_o want_n of_o discipline_n to_o the_o great_a dishonour_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n and_o the_o grievous_a vexation_n of_o the_o honest_a sort_n in_o the_o city_n metellus_n have_v with_o much_o difficulty_n bring_v his_o soldier_n into_o good_a order_n within_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n overthrow_v jugurth_n several_a time_n force_v he_o out_o of_o several_a town_n and_o pursue_v he_o beyond_o her_o own_o frontier_n which_o constrain_v he_o to_o submit_v and_o beg_v peace_n but_o he_o in_o a_o short_a time_n break_v the_o condition_n of_o it_o and_o so_o the_o former_a hostility_n return_v at_o this_o time_n one_o c._n marius_n be_v legatus_fw-la or_o lieutenant_n to_o mâ—tellus_n a_o person_n of_o frugality_n policy_n and_o military_a experience_n and_o of_o vast_a courage_n in_o war_n a_o contemner_n of_o pleasure_n but_o very_o ambitious_a of_o honour_n which_o make_v he_o extreme_o desirous_a to_o gain_v the_o consulship_n to_o obtain_v this_o he_o private_o blame_v metellus_n to_o the_o merchant_n of_o utica_n avow_v that_o he_o be_v able_a with_o half_a the_o army_n to_o take_v jugurth_n prisoner_n and_o that_o within_o few_o day_n by_o these_o and_o the_o like_a detract_n discourse_n he_o procure_v many_o complaint_n to_o be_v write_v to_o rome_n against_o metellus_n and_o get_v leave_n to_o go_v thither_o obtain_v the_o consulship_n and_o have_v likewise_o the_o management_n of_o the_o war_n commit_v to_o he_o notwithstanding_o the_o people_n be_v so_o grateful_a to_o metellus_n that_o at_o his_o return_n be_v satisfy_v as_o to_o his_o behaviour_n they_o both_o grant_v he_o a_o triumph_n and_o bestow_v upon_o he_o the_o surname_n of_o numidicus_n as_o a_o additional_a honour_n marius_n show_v himself_o a_o very_a expert_a warrior_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n take_v the_o city_n capsa_n a_o place_n very_o rich_a and_o strong_a and_o after_o this_o another_o call_v mulucha_n `fugurth_o now_o find_v himself_o too_o weak_a to_o oppose_v he_o any_o long_o procure_v bocchus_n king_n of_o mauritania_n and_o his_o father-in-law_n to_o join_v with_o he_o who_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o numerous_a cavalry_n much_o harass_v the_o roman_a army_n marius_n have_v invest_v cirta_n and_o bocchus_n approach_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n partly_o by_o the_o number_n of_o his_o horse_n report_v to_o be_v 60000_o and_o partly_o by_o the_o violent_a heat_n and_o great_a dust_n the_o roman_n be_v sore_o distress_a and_o the_o fight_n continue_v dangerous_a and_o terrible_a to_o they_o for_o three_o day_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o a_o tempest_n of_o rain_n fall_v spoil_v the_o enemy_n weapon_n and_o relieuâ—d_v marius_n man_n almost_o famish_a with_o thirst_n and_o now_o the_o course_n of_o fortune_n change_v the_o two_o king_n be_v entire_o defeat_v in_o another_o battle_n marius_n it_o be_v say_v kill_v 90000_o after_o which_o bocchus_n begin_v to_o repent_v of_o his_o enterprise_n and_o send_v to_o rome_n to_o enter_v into_o a_o league_n which_o he_o can_v not_o procure_v nevertheless_o he_o obtain_v pardon_n for_o his_o crime_n not_o long_o after_o marius_n take_v jugurth_n in_o a_o ambuscade_n whither_o he_o have_v draw_v he_o by_o specious_a pretence_n and_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o sylla_n his_o quaestor_n who_o have_v bring_v over_o some_o force_n from_o italy_n and_o under_o marius_n he_o learn_v that_o skill_n in_o war_n which_o he_o afterward_o employ_v against_o he_o jugurth_n with_o his_o two_o son_n be_v lead_v in_o triumph_n by_o marius_n and_o short_o after_o by_o order_n of_o senate_n he_o be_v put_v to_o death_n and_o so_o the_o jugurthine_n war_n end_v after_o it_o have_v continue_v about_o seven_o year_n iii_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o against_o the_o cimbri_n a_o vagabond_n people_n of_o cimbrica_n chersonesus_n now_o call_v denmark_n who_o join_v with_o the_o teutones_n a_o nation_n of_o the_o german_n make_v dreadful_a eruption_n into_o several_a part_n of_o the_o roman_a dominion_n particular_o gaul_n and_o spain_n where_o they_o have_v overthrow_v several_a consul_n in_o the_o last_o battle_n kill_v 80000_o roman_n after_o which_o they_o resolve_v to_o pass_v the_o alps_o into_o italy_n rome_n begin_v now_o to_o be_v in_o a_o great_a consternation_n and_o marius_n have_v just_a vanquish_a jugurtha_n 650._o they_o make_v he_o consul_n a_o â—d_a time_n as_o the_o only_a man_n think_v able_a to_o manage_n so_o threaten_v a_o war_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o state_n while_o they_o continue_v in_o spain_n marius_n march_v against_o their_o friend_n the_o tolosan_n in_o gaul_n where_o king_n copilus_fw-la be_v take_v by_o sylla_n his_o lieutenant_n be_v make_v consul_n again_o the_o follow_a year_n he_o decline_v fight_v till_o the_o enemy_n force_n be_v weaken_v by_o delay_n the_o next_o year_n in_o his_o four_o consulship_n the_o enemy_n in_o three_o several_a party_n be_v just_a upon_o pass_v the_o alps_o into_o italy_n and_o as_o he_o attend_v their_o motion_n it_o happen_v that_o his_o army_n be_v extreme_o afflict_v with_o thirst_n the_o teutones_n and_o ambrones_n lie_v between_o they_o and_o the_o water_n which_o necessity_n bring_v he_o to_o a_o engagement_n with_o they_o and_o in_o two_o day_n time_n he_o by_o his_o excellent_a conduct_n utter_o destroy_v they_o take_v theutobocchus_n their_o king_n prisoner_n the_o cimbri_n escape_v he_o and_o flee_v over_o into_o italy_n notwithstanding_o the_o winter-season_n and_o the_o alps_o cover_v with_o snow_n be_v in_o vain_a oppose_v by_o catulus_n both_o at_o the_o alps_o and_o at_o the_o river_n athesis_n nigh_o verona_n the_o year_n follow_v marius_n be_v again_o make_v consul_n and_o join_v with_o catulus_n be_v challenge_v by_o the_o enemy_n to_o give_v battle_n whereupon_o he_o fall_v upon_o their_o numerous_a army_n and_o give_v they_o a_o most_o dreadful_a overthrow_n their_o wife_n all_o the_o while_n make_v a_o wonderful_a resistance_n from_o the_o chariot_n and_o when_o they_o see_v all_o thing_n in_o a_o desperate_a condition_n they_o in_o a_o great_a fury_n first_o kill_v all_o their_o child_n and_o after_o that_o themselves_o about_o 140000_o be_v slay_v in_o this_o battle_n and_o 60000_o take_v prisoner_n which_o end_v this_o war_n after_o it_o have_v continue_v 12_o year_n marius_n the_o five_o time_n and_o aquilius_n nepos_n be_v consul_n the_o former_a be_v then_o esteem_v the_o preserver_n of_o his_o country_n and_o content_v himself_o with_o one_o triumph_n when_o he_o may_v have_v have_v more_o and_o his_o colleague_n have_v now_o also_o finish_v the_o second_o servile_a war_n in_o sicily_n which_o have_v last_v almost_o four_o year_n notwithstanding_o these_o danger_n abroad_o the_o city_n be_v not_o without_o domestic_a trouble_n which_o be_v occasion_v by_o saturninus_n one_o of_o marius_n friend_n who_o have_v be_v quaestor_n at_o ostia_n during_o a_o famine_n be_v turn_v out_o of_o his_o place_n by_o the_o senate_n to_o revenge_v which_o usage_n he_o procure_v the_o tribune-ship_n but_o after_o his_o year_n be_v expire_v metellus_n numidicus_n former_o mention_v be_v censor_n endeavour_v to_o remove_v he_o from_o the_o senate_n but_o be_v hinder_v by_o his_o colleague_n this_o so_o enrage_v he_o that_o he_o stand_v again_o for_o the_o tribunâ—-ship_n and_o nine_o of_o the_o ten_o tribune_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o assistance_n of_o marius_n he_o murder_v nonius_n his_o competitor_n and_o so_o obtain_v the_o place_n now_o be_v once_o again_o in_o power_n he_o prefer_v a_o law_n for_o the_o division_n of_o such_o land_n as_o marius_n have_v recover_v in_o gaul_n and_o compel_v the_o senate_n to_o swear_v to_o it_o which_o oath_n numidicus_n refuse_v he_o set_v he_o a_o day_n to_o answer_v it_o before_o the_o people_n but_o for_o fear_n of_o he_o and_o marius_n together_o numidicus_n flee_v to_o smyrna_n in_o asia_n saturninus_z procure_v the_o tribuneship_n a_o three_o time_n and_o find_v memmius_n candidate_n for_o the_o consulship_n he_o also_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v murder_v to_o make_v way_n for_o glaucius_n the_o praetor_n one_o of_o his_o own_o party_n these_o base_a and_o ungenerous_a practice_n raise_v several_a trouble_n and_o commotion_n in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o senate_n resoluâ—d_v to_o make_v he_o answer_v it_o whereupon_o marius_n now_o a_o six_o time_n consul_n perceive_v he_o in_o a_o decline_a condition_n very_o politic_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o his_o friendship_n the_o consul_n be_v now_o as_o in_o some_o other_o dangerous_a time_n invest_v with_o a_o unusual_a and_o dictatorian_a sort_n of_o power_n the_o manner_n of_o confer_v of_o which_o be_v by_o a_o
vote_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o these_o or_o the_o like_a word_n videant_fw-la consules_a ne_fw-la quid_fw-la detrimenti_fw-la respublicâ—_n accipiat_fw-la marius_n therefore_o with_o his_o colleague_n set_v upon_o saturninus_n in_o the_o public_a assembly_n and_o force_v he_o and_o his_o follower_n into_o the_o capitol_n where_o for_o want_v of_o water_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o yield_v after_o marius_n have_v give_v they_o his_o faith_n for_o their_o safety_n saturninus_z and_o glaucius_n much_o rely_v upon_o marius_n not_o scruple_v to_o give_v out_o 654._o that_o they_o be_v but_o the_o actor_n and_o instrument_n of_o his_o design_n but_o notwithstanding_o this_o security_n they_o be_v all_o cut_n in_o piece_n by_o the_o equites_fw-la in_o the_o foâ—rum_n who_o break_v in_o among_o they_o and_o numidicus_n especial_o by_o his_o son_n industry_n be_v recall_v with_o the_o general_n applause_n of_o the_o people_n the_o war_n abroad_o and_o the_o dissension_n and_o corâ—uptions_n at_o home_n do_v not_o hinder_v learning_n for_o that_o â—till_o flourish_v more_o than_o ever_o and_o poetry_n be_v come_v almost_o to_o its_o high_a pitch_n in_o rome_n for_o a_o little_a before_o â—his_n flourish_v the_o famous_a lucretius_n a_o admirable_a poâ—t_n in_o his_o kind_n and_o in_o many_o particular_n scarce_o inferior_a to_o virgil._n now_o for_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o or_o eight_o year_n there_o be_v no_o great_a action_n abroad_o nor_o any_o oâ—en_a sedition_n at_o home_n but_o however_o there_o be_v great_a dissatisfaction_n among_o those_o of_o the_o senatorian_a order_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o power_n of_o judicature_n give_v to_o the_o equites_fw-la by_o c._n gracchus_n law_n which_o prove_v a_o extraordinary_a grievance_n to_o â—em_v the_o commonwealth_n too_o be_v buy_v and_o sell_v the_o publican_n who_o farmed_a the_o public_a revenue_n be_v as_o they_o be_v equites_fw-la both_o judge_n and_o party_n upon_o these_o account_n drusus_n the_o tribune_n a_o very_a eminent_a and_o well-designing_a person_n endeavour_v to_o restore_v the_o father_n to_o their_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o authority_n and_o yet_o not_o offend_v the_o equites_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o senate_n be_v now_o reduce_v to_o a_o small_a number_n he_o prefer_v a_o law_n that_o as_o many_o equites_fw-la shall_v be_v add_v to_o they_o and_o that_o the_o power_n of_o judicature_n shall_v be_v commit_v equal_o to_o all_o that_o shall_v be_v then_o of_o this_o body_n this_o give_v great_a offence_n to_o both_o party_n and_o caepio_n also_o one_o of_o drusuâ—'s_n colleague_n oppose_v he_o and_o come_v into_o the_o senate_n there_o accuse_v some_o of_o the_o high_a rank_n of_o illegal_a endeavour_n to_o gain_v office_n drusus_n to_o withstand_v his_o design_n again_o propose_v the_o agrarian_a law_n and_o that_o the_o ally_n and_o confederate_n of_o italy_n the_o present_a possessor_n may_v take_v it_o amiss_o he_o give_v they_o hope_n of_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n a_o great_a concourse_n of_o stranger_n be_v occasion_v upon_o this_o account_n and_o as_o great_a a_o contention_n raise_v where_o philippus_n the_o consul_n for_o oppose_v the_o law_n for_o divide_v the_o land_n be_v disgraceful_o buffet_v by_o one_o of_o the_o stranger_n and_o violent_a disturbance_n follow_v drusus_n disappoint_v in_o this_o particular_a still_o endeavour_v to_o perform_v his_o promise_n to_o the_o italian_n but_o go_v home_o accompany_v with_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o people_n he_o be_v stab_v in_o the_o court_n of_o his_o own_o house_n have_v breath_n enough_o to_o say_v that_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v never_o find_v a_o person_n more_o true_a to_o her_o interest_n than_o he_o iv._o these_o trouble_n do_v not_o end_v with_o drusus_n death_n 663._o for_o soon_o after_o a_o very_a dangerous_a war_n break_v out_o upon_o this_o account_n with_o most_o of_o the_o italian_n call_v the_o social_n or_o italian_a war._n these_o people_n have_v for_o some_o time_n take_v it_o very_o heinous_o that_o they_o be_v deny_v the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n which_o have_v be_v partly_o promise_v they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o gracchi_n but_o now_o drusus_n death_n who_o have_v very_o much_o heighten_v their_o expectation_n enrage_v they_o more_o than_o eveâ—_n especial_o when_o the_o equites_fw-la immediate_o after_o have_v by-force_n of_o arm_n procure_v a_o law_n for_o banish_v all_o the_o great_a person_n who_o be_v not_o for_o their_o interest_n the_o italian_n also_o think_v that_o they_o have_v sufficient_a reason_n to_o expect_v this_o privilege_n from_o that_o city_n who_o subsistance_n and_o empire_n have_v be_v so_o much_o maintain_v by_o their_o valour_n they_o common_o send_v out_o double_a the_o number_n of_o troop_n to_o those_o of_o rome_n upon_o these_o ground_n they_o resolve_v to_o procure_v that_o by_o force_n and_o violence_n which_o can_v not_o be_v obtain_v by_o entreaty_n and_o civil_a mean_n and_o thereupon_o they_o join_v together_o in_o a_o close_a confederacy_n and_o private_o send_v message_n and_o hostage_n to_o each_o other_o namely_o the_o lucanian_o apulian_o marsi_n peligni_n with_o many_o other_o and_o especial_o the_o old_a enemy_n of_o rome_n the_o samnite_n who_o make_v their_o preparation_n with_o equal_a diligence_n and_o secrecy_n these_o private_a transaction_n be_v discover_v at_o rome_n though_o late_a enough_o spy_n be_v immediate_o send_v out_o into_o all_o quarter_n to_o make_v what_o further_a discovery_n they_o can_v one_o of_o which_o happen_v to_o see_v a_o young_a man_n of_o asculum_n carryâ—d_v into_o another_o city_n for_o a_o hostage_n thereupon_o acquaint_v servilius_n the_o proconsul_n who_o go_v to_o asculum_n and_o reprimand_v the_o citizen_n of_o that_o place_n be_v set_v upon_o and_o slay_v together_o with_o all_o the_o roman_n their_o design_n be_v now_o whole_o discover_v for_o their_o great_a security_n they_o all_o break_v out_o into_o open_a rebellion_n however_o first_o they_o think_v it_o most_o convenient_a to_o send_v to_o rome_n to_o complain_v but_o their_o messenger_n can_v not_o be_v admit_v without_o satisfaction_n and_o repentance_n for_o what_o they_o have_v already_o do_v whereupon_o the_o war_n be_v commit_v to_o both_o the_o consul_n together_o with_o mariâ—s_n and_o sylla_n and_o several_a othersâ—_n there_o be_v who_o have_v pro-consular_a authority_n the_o force_n on_o either_o side_n amount_v to_o about_o 100_o 000_o fight_n men._n the_o war_n be_v very_o dangerous_a and_o destructive_a and_o râ—tilius_n the_o consul_n in_o a_o short_a time_n lose_v his_o life_n fall_v into_o a_o ambuscade_n lay_v by_o the_o marsi_n and_o the_o roman_n receive_v many_o terrible_a blow_n so_o that_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o list_n many_o who_o have_v be_v slave_n the_o body_n of_o the_o consul_n and_o several_a other_o be_v carryâ—d_v into_o the_o city_n so_o discourage_v the_o people_n that_o the_o senate_n make_v a_o decree_n that_o henceforward_o the_o body_n of_o the_o slay_v shall_v be_v bury_v where_o they_o die_v which_o as_o a_o prudent_a example_n be_v likewise_o follow_v by_o the_o enemy_n after_o the_o death_n of_o rutilius_n his_o army_n be_v commit_v to_o marius_n his_o lieutenant_n and_o capio_fw-la who_o act_v in_o conjunction_n with_o he_o caepio_n be_v slay_v not_o long_o after_o in_o a_o ambuscade_n lay_v by_o popedius_n one_o of_o the_o italian_a general_n so_o marius_n have_v his_o desire_n of_o command_v alone_o and_o do_v excellent_a service_n as_o likewise_o do_v sylla_n the_o same_o year_n for_o the_o follow_a year_n pompeius_n strabo_n father_n to_o pompey_n the_o great_a and_o porcius_n cato_n be_v make_v consul_n and_o now_o the_o senate_n think_v fit_a to_o give_v the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n to_o such_o of_o the_o italian_n as_o have_v not_o revolt_a which_o much_o establish_v those_o who_o be_v somewhat_o waver_v in_o their_o mind_n and_o abate_v the_o courage_n of_o the_o other_o already_o engage_v yet_o these_o be_v not_o choose_v into_o any_o of_o the_o 35_o triben_fw-ge but_o be_v placâ—d_v by_o themselves_o behind_o all_o so_o that_o in_o vote_v they_o can_v not_o hinder_v the_o rest_n which_o afterward_o cause_v some_o disturbance_n cato_n the_o consul_n do_v very_o good_a service_n this_o campaign_n which_o swell_v he_o with_o such_o a_o opinion_n of_o himself_o that_o he_o boast_v himself_o equal_a to_o marius_n for_o which_o he_o be_v slay_v by_o marius_n son_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o battle_n against_o the_o marsi_n his_o colleague_n pompey_n overthrow_v the_o picentes_n and_o asculani_fw-la and_o have_v long_o besiege_a asculum_n he_o defeat_v the_o enemy_n which_o sally_v out_o upon_o he_o he_o likewise_o kill_v 18000_o of_o the_o mâ—rsi_n take_v 3000_o prisoner_n and_o at_o last_o possess_v himself_o of_o asculum_n he_o cause_v all_o the_o officer_n and_o principal_a man_n in_o the_o city_n to_o be_v first_o scourge_v and_o then_o behead_v sylla_n
king_n in_o former_a time_n have_v and_o repeal_n old_a law_n and_o enact_v new_a at_o his_o pleasure_n he_o regulate_v the_o consulship_n order_v that_o none_o shall_v be_v capable_a of_o it_o without_o first_o pass_v through_o other_o office_n he_o remove_v that_o plague_n to_o the_o senate_n the_o tribuneship_n by_o make_v those_o who_o bear_v it_o uncapable_a of_o any_o other_o trust._n he_o add_v 300_o of_o the_o equites_fw-la to_o the_o senate_n and_o likewise_o 10000_o of_o the_o slave_n of_o the_o proscribe_v to_o the_o people_n make_v they_o free_a and_o call_v they_o cornelii_n according_a to_o his_o own_o name_n and_o he_o assign_v great_a quantity_n of_o land_n to_o 23_o legion_n the_o better_a to_o secure_v and_o bind_v they_o to_o his_o interest_n this_o be_v the_o first_o year_n of_o sylla_n reign_n in_o which_o the_o war_n break_v out_o again_o with_o mithridates_n about_o three_o year_n after_o the_o first_o occasion_v by_o murena_n whoâ—_n sylla_n have_v leave_v behind_o he_o in_o asia_n this_o person_n be_v extraordinary_a ambitious_a of_o a_o triumph_n find_v a_o opportunity_n of_o make_v a_o breach_n with_o mithridates_n contrary_a to_o the_o senate_n design_n but_o as_o it_o prove_v he_o only_o procure_v himself_o a_o overthrow_n and_o mithridates_n a_o peace_n not_o long_o after_o which_o finish_v the_o second_o war_n with_o that_o prince_n have_v last_v above_o two_o year_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o sylla_n office_n he_o again_o make_v consul_n but_o join_v himself_o with_o caecilius_n metellus_n he_o be_v one_o which_o course_n the_o emperor_n afterward_o imitate_v the_o year_n after_o when_o the_o people_n design_v he_o consul_n again_o he_o decline_v it_o and_o choose_v two_o other_o and_o then_o to_o the_o great_a surprise_n and_o wonder_n of_o all_o man_n he_o lay_v down_o his_o dictatorship_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o office_n and_o what_o be_v more_o surprise_v though_o he_o have_v do_v so_o many_o cruel_a and_o 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couâ—d_v carry_v and_o destroy_v the_o rest_n march_v into_o the_o lesser_a armenia_n lucullus_n wouâ—d_v glad_o have_v follow_v he_o and_o may_v have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o war_n but_o that_o now_o acilius_n glabrio_n this_o year_n consul_n by_o glabinus_fw-la the_o tribune_n procurement_n be_v appoint_v to_o carry_v it_o on_o in_o his_o place_n this_o be_v know_v in_o the_o army_n lucullus_z be_v light_v by_o his_o man_n and_o mithridates_n and_o tigranes_n begin_v to_o be_v more_o successful_a than_o former_o in_o a_o short_a time_n glabrio_n arrive_v at_o his_o province_n and_o send_v about_o to_o give_v notice_n that_o the_o senate_n be_v displease_v with_o lucullus_n for_o prolong_v the_o war_n have_v disband_v his_o army_n and_o will_v confiscate_v the_o estate_n of_o such_o as_o shall_v disobey_v its_o order_n upon_o which_o all_o his_o army_n abandon_v he_o except_o some_o few_o poor_a man_n who_o have_v no_o great_a cause_n to_o fear_v any_o loss_n of_o estate_n and_o lucullus_n be_v out_o of_o his_o command_n mithridates_n recover_v almost_o all_o his_o kingdom_n and_o do_v much_o damage_n to_o cappâ—clocia_n glabrio_n not_o so_o much_o as_o come_n to_o his_o army_n but_o lie_v idle_a in_o bythinia_n this_o happen_v in_o the_o seven_o year_n after_o lucullus_n have_v undertake_v the_o war._n iii_o 65â—_n about_o this_o time_n pompey_n begin_v to_o come_v into_o great_a esteem_n among_o the_o roman_n have_v now_o a_o new_a occasion_n of_o show_v his_o great_a ability_n in_o war_n which_o be_v this_o the_o pirate_n who_o have_v be_v first_o employ_v by_o mithridates_n find_v their_o profit_n so_o great_a have_v now_o get_v together_o many_o thousand_o of_o several_a nation_n make_v choice_n of_o cilicia_n for_o their_o rendezvous_n and_o see_v that_o the_o war_n continue_v they_o think_v it_o more_o wisdom_n to_o damnify_v other_o than_o lose_v their_o own_o estate_n they_o be_v now_o grow_v so_o numerous_a and_o powerful_a that_o
be_v disappoint_v with_o considerable_a loss_n and_o to_o his_o great_a surprise_n be_v surround_v by_o pompey_n with_o a_o entrenchment_n of_o above_o eighteen_o miles_n circuit_n whereupon_o hear_v that_o marcius_n be_v join_v pompey_n he_o betake_v himself_o to_o flight_n have_v first_o kill_v all_o such_o as_o be_v sick_a and_o useless_a about_o he_o but_o pompey_n pursue_v d_o he_o so_o close_o that_o before_o he_o can_v pass_v the_o river_n euphrates_n he_o force_v he_o to_o a_o engagement_n in_o the_o night_n the_o moon_n be_v very_o low_a and_o on_o the_o back_n of_o the_o roman_n so_o lengthen_v their_o shadow_n that_o the_o enemy_n think_v â—em_v nigh_a than_o real_o they_o be_v shoot_v most_o of_o their_o arrow_n without_o do_v execution_n here_o mithridates_n lose_v many_o thousand_o of_o man_n but_o he_o himself_o break_v through_o with_o 800_o horse_n of_o which_o only_o 300_o stay_v with_o he_o then_o sorrowful_o wander_v through_o the_o wood_n with_o his_o horse_n in_o his_o hand_n he_o accidental_o meet_v with_o some_o mercenary_n and_o about_o 3000_o foot_n by_o who_o assistance_n he_o be_v convey_v into_o a_o castle_n where_o he_o have_v lay_v up_o much_o treasure_n from_o hence_o he_o send_v to_o tigranes_n who_o now_o refuse_v to_o receive_v he_o allege_v that_o his_o son_n upon_o his_o account_n have_v rebellâ—_n d_o against_o he_o whereupon_o mithridates_n flee_v to_o colchis_n which_o he_o have_v former_o conquer_v and_o pompey_n follow_v he_o think_v he_o will_v not_o have_v stir_v thence_o but_o he_o immediate_o pass_v into_o scythia_n where_o partly_o by_o force_n and_o partly_o by_o persuasion_n he_o oblige_v d_o the_o prince_n of_o that_o county_n to_o be_v of_o his_o party_n bestow_v his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n upon_o some_o of_o they_o have_v still_o vast_a design_n in_o his_o mind_n even_o of_o pass_v through_o thrace_n macedâ—nia_n pannonia_n and_o so_o over_o the_o alps_n into_o italy_n itself_o pompey_n in_o a_o short_a time_n leave_v colchis_n and_o get_v clear_a of_o the_o ambuscadoe_n lay_v for_o he_o by_o the_o albanian_o and_o iberian_o direct_v his_o march_n to_o armenia_n against_o tigranes_n who_o now_o resoluâ—_n d_o not_o to_o fight_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o rebellion_n of_o his_o three_o son_n he_o have_v by_o mithridates_n daughter_n two_o of_o which_o he_o have_v execute_v and_o the_o three_o after_o a_o overthrow_n have_v flee_v to_o pompey_n tigranes_n ambassador_n come_v to_o desire_v a_o peace_n this_o son_n so_o far_o prevail_v that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v hear_v short_o after_o pompey_n invest_v the_o city_n artaxata_n which_o tigranes_n immediate_o surrender_v and_o short_o after_o come_v himself_o into_o pompey_n camp_n make_v he_o mediator_n between_o he_o and_o his_o son_n who_o will_v not_o so_o much_o as_o rise_v up_o to_o his_o father_n or_o show_v he_o any_o respect_n whatsoever_o but_o pompey_n receive_v he_o with_o extraordinary_a civility_n allow_v he_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o former_a dominion_n and_o his_o son_n the_o rest_n but_o take_v away_o all_o his_o conquest_n and_o fine_v he_o 6000_o talent_n of_o silver_n for_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o war._n tigranes_n be_v by_o these_o article_n oblige_v to_o quit_v many_o conquered_a territory_n particular_o all_o syria_n and_o phoenicia_n and_o euphrates_n to_o the_o sea_n but_o his_o son_n be_v still_o very_o refractory_a refuse_v obedience_n and_o threaten_v the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n for_o which_o he_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o prison_n by_o pompey_n and_o reseruâ—d_v for_o a_o triumph_n and_o not_o long_o afterward_o he_o be_v put_v to_o death_n tigranes_n be_v now_o reconcile_v to_o the_o roman_n pay_v more_o than_o his_o fine_a and_o make_v present_n to_o every_o officer_n and_o soldier_n for_o which_o he_o be_v esteem_v a_o friend_n and_o ally_n of_o the_o roman_n pompey_n restore_v cappadocia_n to_o ariobarzanes_n give_v he_o also_o gordiena_n and_o sophena_n with_o cabala_n a_o city_n of_o cilicia_n and_o other_o place_n after_o which_o with_o some_o opposition_n he_o constrain_v the_o albanian_o and_o iberian_o to_o beg_v peace_n thus_o prosperous_a be_v this_o great_a commander_n 68â—_n who_o still_o design_v large_a and_o more_o glorious_a conquest_n and_o therefore_o pass_v over_o the_o vast_a mount_n taurus_n he_o march_v against_o darius_n the_o median_a and_o antiâ—chus_n king_n of_o syria_n for_o molest_v the_o roman_a ally_n or_o assist_v their_o enemy_n whereupon_o phraates_n king_n of_o parthia_n who_o have_v be_v call_v into_o gordiena_n by_o tigranes_n son_n terriyâ—d_v at_o his_o great_a exploit_n send_v to_o beg_v peace_n of_o he_o which_o he_o grant_v not_o but_o send_v afraneus_fw-la into_o into_z gordiena_n to_o expel_v his_o force_n and_o restore_v that_o country_n to_o tigranes_n phraates_n upon_o this_o invade_a armenia_n tigranes_n send_v to_o pompey_n for_o succour_n who_o be_v unwilling_a to_o commence_v a_o war_n with_o phraates_n without_o positive_a order_n from_o rome_n send_v three_o commissioner_n to_o make_v a_o accommodation_n but_o for_o antiâ—chus_n to_o who_o lucullus_n have_v grant_v syria_n for_o his_o inheritance_n he_o first_o intend_v to_o betake_v himself_o to_o the_o assistance_n of_o phraates_n but_o upon_o mature_a deliberation_n he_o resolve_v to_o yield_v himself_o to_o pompeyâ—s_n â—s_z generosity_n but_o pompey_n have_v now_o possess_v himself_o of_o all_o his_o country_n without_o resistance_n refuse_v to_o grant_v he_o what_o he_o expect_v and_o what_o he_o know_v he_o be_v unable_a to_o keep_v from_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o arabian_n on_o both_o side_n of_o he_o and_o the_o better_a to_o excuse_v himself_o tell_v he_o that_o since_o the_o roman_n have_v be_v at_o such_o charge_n and_o pain_n to_o conquer_v tigranes_n it_o will_v be_v unreasonable_a that_o the_o reward_n shall_v fall_v to_o another_o therefore_o he_o only_o allow_v he_o that_o part_n of_o syria_n call_v comagena_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o extend_v his_o conquest_n far_o over_o the_o ituraean_n and_o arabian_n he_o reduce_v all_o syria_n into_o a_o roman_a province_n the_o time_n that_o pompey_n be_v proceed_v in_o these_o successful_a expedition_n mithridates_n send_v to_o he_o to_o desire_v peace_n but_o be_v order_v to_o come_v to_o he_o himself_o he_o refuse_v it_o and_o proceed_v in_o his_o preparation_n for_o war_n after_o which_o many_o of_o his_o place_n revolt_v and_o many_o of_o his_o friend_n with_o one_o of_o his_o son_n be_v execute_v upon_o that_o account_n yet_o still_o he_o design_v to_o pass_v into_o europe_n there_o to_o join_v with_o the_o gaul_n and_o invade_v italy_n but_o the_o unwillingness_n of_o his_o soldier_n to_o this_o difficult_a expedition_n and_o the_o rebellious_a design_n of_o his_o son_n pharnaces_n cause_v his_o army_n revolt_n and_o his_o ruin_n his_o son_n be_v short_o after_o fault_v king_n mithridates_n now_o under_o confinement_n see_v this_o from_o a_o upper-room_n send_v to_o his_o son_n to_o ask_v leave_n to_o depart_v but_o in_o vain_a who_o bid_v his_o father_n die_v he_o cry_v out_o with_o many_o bitter_a imprecation_n that_o he_o may_v one_o day_n hear_v the_o same_o word_n from_o his_o own_o child_n then_o come_v down_o to_o his_o wife_n daughter_n and_o concubine_n he_o give_v they_o all_o poison_n and_o fear_v to_o be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o roman_n he_o take_v some_o himself_n but_o have_v much_o use_v his_o body_n to_o antidote_n particular_o to_o that_o sort_n which_o still_o go_v by_o his_o name_n the_o poison_n will_v not_o operate_v whereupon_o he_o wound_v himself_o but_o that_o not_o dispatch_v he_o soon_o enough_o he_o call_v to_o one_o bitaeus_fw-la a_o gaul_n who_o get_v in_o through_o the_o break_a wall_n and_o by_o his_o hand_n he_o die_v thus_o fall_v mithridates_n a_o man_n who_o sometime_o in_o fortune_n and_o at_o all_o time_n in_o courage_n be_v of_o the_o high_a rank_n in_o direction_n a_o skilful_a commander_n in_o execution_n a_o great_a soldier_n and_o in_o hatred_n to_o the_o roman_n a_o second_o hannibal_n have_v make_v long_a opposition_n than_o he_o and_o thus_o end_v the_o mithridatick_a war_n after_o twenty_o five_o year_n and_o eleven_o since_o it_o last_o break_v out_o a_o war_n which_o in_o the_o beginning_n happen_v to_o be_v dangerous_a to_o the_o roman_a state_n as_o create_v other_o mischief_n but_o in_o the_o end_n prouâ—d_v very_o glorious_a and_o advantageous_a to_o it_o by_o the_o addition_n not_o only_o of_o all_o mithridates_n dominion_n but_o likewise_o of_o many_o other_o rich_a country_n in_o asia_n pompey_n when_o the_o news_n of_o mithridates_n death_n be_v bring_v to_o he_o be_v near_o jericho_n march_v towards_o jerusalem_n against_o aristobulus_n king_n of_o judea_n who_o have_v depose_v his_o elder_a brother_n hyrcanus_n and_o usurp_v his_o kingdom_n hyrcanus_n
complain_n d_o of_o his_o brother_n to_o pompey_n at_o damascus_n who_o likewise_o come_v thither_o to_o vindicate_v himself_o pompey_n treat_v they_o both_o very_o civil_o promise_v they_o to_o come_v into_o their_o country_n and_o settle_v matter_n between_o they_o after_o he_o have_v dispatch_v some_o other_o necessary_a affair_n have_v therefore_o in_o a_o short_a time_n settle_v the_o affair_n of_o syria_n and_o reduce_v pontâ—â—_n into_o a_o roman_a province_n he_o return_v to_o judea_n be_v much_o incense_v against_o aristobulus_n he_o first_o cite_v he_o to_o appear_v before_o he_o and_o deliver_v up_o all_o his_o fortify_v place_n which_o he_o do_v with_o much_o regreet_n and_o anger_n withdraw_v himself_o to_o jerusalem_n to_o make_v preparation_n for_o a_o war._n pompey_n suspect_v his_o design_n immediate_o march_v after_o he_o which_o aristobulus_n understand_v go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o and_o though_o the_o city_n be_v entere_v without_o opposition_n his_o soldier_n fortify_v the_o temple_n and_o hold_v it_o out_o against_o pompey_n which_o cause_v aristobulus_n to_o be_v take_v into_o custody_n the_o temple_n be_v very_o strong_a by_o situation_n make_v a_o vigorous_a defence_n but_o after_o three_o month_n siege_n be_v with_o much_o difficulty_n and_o labour_n take_v and_o 12000_o of_o the_o jew_n cut_v in_o piece_n the_o priest_n not_o neglect_v to_o offer_v sacrifice_n all_o that_o time_n pompey_n without_o any_o fear_n enter_v the_o holy_a of_o holies_n with_o many_o follower_n look_v on_o these_o thing_n which_o be_v unlawful_a for_o any_o but_o the_o priest_n to_o behold_v however_o he_o show_v so_o much_o veneration_n for_o the_o place_n that_o he_o forbear_v touch_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v there_o he_o restore_v hyrcanus_n to_o his_o priesthood_n and_o government_n but_o with_o a_o command_n never_o to_o wear_v a_o diadem_n and_o take_v aristobulus_n with_o he_o make_v all_o judea_n tributary_n to_o rome_n this_o happen_v in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o expedition_n and_o 61_o year_n before_o our_o saviour_n nativity_n iv._o while_o pompey_n thus_o proceed_v in_o his_o noble_a exploit_n abroad_o rome_n itself_o be_v in_o great_a hazard_n and_o very_o nigh_o its_o ruin_n occasion_v by_o one_o of_o the_o most_o dangerous_a conspiracy_n that_o have_v be_v ever_o know_v in_o the_o city_n it_o be_v begin_v and_o carry_v on_o by_o sergius_n catiline_n a_o patrician_n by_o descent_n but_o of_o a_o very_o profligate_v life_n a_o person_n dare_v in_o his_o attempt_n crasty_a in_o his_o design_n greedy_a of_o other_o man_n s_o property_n prodigal_a of_o his_o own_o one_o who_o have_v be_v accuse_v of_o debauch_v a_o vestal_a virgin_n and_o suspect_v of_o murder_v his_o son_n for_o the_o love_n of_o another_o woman_n this_o person_n have_v contract_v vast_a debt_n by_o the_o looseness_n of_o his_o life_n grow_v desperate_a and_o seek_v for_o nothing_o but_o power_n and_o authority_n and_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a the_o sovereignty_n over_o all_o but_o his_o design_n be_v suspect_v he_o twice_o receive_v a_o repulse_v in_o stand_v for_o the_o consulship_n this_o last_o time_n it_o be_v carry_v from_o he_o by_o cicero_n who_o he_o therefore_o scurrilous_o abuse_v as_o a_o upstart_n and_o foreigner_n as_o be_v but_o of_o the_o equestrian_a order_n and_o bear_v in_o apulia_n and_o offer_v to_o kill_v he_o in_o the_o comitia_fw-la the_o miss_v of_o his_o design_n drive_v he_o into_o the_o utmost_a rage_n and_o fury_n and_o bring_v he_o into_o that_o plot_n in_o which_o he_o have_v former_o be_v engage_v with_o piso_n for_o the_o destruction_n of_o his_o country_n aurelius_n cotta_n and_o manlius_n torquatus_n who_o before_o have_v miss_v of_o the_o consulship_n for_o want_v of_o competent_a bribe_n also_o join_v with_o he_o and_o afresh_o plot_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o consul_n and_o senate_n the_o burn_a of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o state_n as_o likewise_o do_v lentulus_n cethegus_n and_o many_o other_o inferior_a person_n of_o debauch_a and_o infamous_a life_n cethegus_n and_o lentulus_n be_v both_o praetor_n and_o the_o latter_a who_o former_o have_v be_v consul_n be_v move_v to_o this_o design_n by_o a_o vain_a confidence_n he_o have_v in_o the_o sibylline_a oracle_n which_o he_o say_v portend_v that_o the_o sovereign_a power_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o three_o gornelâ—â—_n namely_o sylla_n cinna_n and_o himself_o this_o conspiracy_n be_v carryâ—d_v on_o with_o the_o great_a secrecy_n imaginable_a their_o number_n daily_a increase_n among_o which_o be_v several_a woman_n who_o by_o prostitute_v themselves_o have_v be_v maintain_v after_o a_o prodigious_a rate_n but_o afterward_o decay_n of_o beauty_n limit_v their_o gain_n though_o not_o their_o luxury_n have_v great_o run_v they_o in_o debt_n notwithstanding_o all_o their_o care_n of_o conceal_v this_o horrid_a design_n it_o be_v discover_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o q._n curius_n one_o of_o the_o plotter_n a_o degrade_v senator_n who_o neither_o can_v contain_v the_o secret_n he_o have_v hear_v not_o the_o crime_n he_o have_v commit_v but_o imprudent_o relate_v all_o to_o one_o fulvia_n his_o courtesan_n she_o discover_v it_o to_o cicero_n who_o be_v now_o consul_n cicero_n by_o examine_v of_o these_o two_o find_v out_o the_o whole_a matter_n how_o often_o and_o where_o they_o meet_v and_o what_o design_n they_o have_v in_o hand_n particular_o his_o own_o destruction_n to_o be_v bring_v about_o by_o vasguntâ—ius_n a_o senator_n and_o cornelius_z a_o knight_n under_o pretence_n of_o a_o friendly_a visit._n cicero_n with_o great_a diligence_n and_o care_n appoint_v guard_n in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o city_n and_o immediate_o after_o call_v the_o senate_n to_o the_o temple_n of_o concord_n to_o consult_v what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v in_o this_o time_n of_o danger_n great_a reward_n be_v promise_v to_o any_o who_o shall_v make_v any_o far_a discovery_n of_o this_o black_a conspiracy_n and_o the_o whole_a city_n be_v in_o a_o great_a consternation_n all_o in_o a_o hurry_n all_o in_o a_o fear_n not_o know_v who_o to_o trust_v or_o where_o to_o be_v secure_a either_o in_o war_n or_o peace_n but_o every_o one_o measure_v his_o danger_n by_o his_o fear_n the_o senate_n be_v now_o assemble_v catiline_n to_o show_v how_o well_o he_o can_v dissemble_v or_o to_o justify_v himself_o go_v bold_o thither_o but_o none_o of_o the_o senator_n will_v come_v near_o he_o the_o place_n where_o he_o sit_v be_v whole_o void_a whereupon_o cicero_n either_o dread_v his_o presence_n or_o incense_v at_o his_o boldness_n stand_v up_o and_o make_v a_o severe_a invective_n speech_n against_o he_o open_o manifest_v his_o crime_n which_o be_v both_o numerous_a and_o notorious_a and_o say_v do_v that_o most_o honourable_a person_n scipio_n nasica_n slay_v his_o own_o kinsman_n tib._n gracchus_n for_o a_o slight_a disturbance_n of_o the_o city_n and_o shall_v we_o consul_n 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late_o at_o night_n with_o â—00_o arm_a man_n and_o lictor_n with_o axe_n and_o fasces_fw-la before_o he_o like_o a_o magistrate_n and_o retire_v into_o hetruria_n gather_v together_o soldier_n all_o the_o way_n intend_v to_o return_v to_o the_o city_n which_o he_o have_v order_v lentulus_n and_o cethegus_n to_o lay_v in_o ash_n at_o a_o appoint_a time_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o allobroges_n now_o in_o town_n be_v also_o persuade_v to_o stir_v up_o the_o gaul_n against_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o declare_v their_o design_n to_o fabius'_a sanga_n their_o patron_n it_o come_v short_o to_o cicero_n fire_n and_o so_o be_v prevent_v the_o day_n after_o catiline_n departure_n cicero_n summon_v the_o people_n and_o make_v a_o second_o oration_n to_o they_o where_o he_o congratulate_v the_o people_n and_o commonwealth_n for_o be_v free_v from_o so_o infamous_a a_o person_n and_o encourage_v they_o by_o represent_v the_o force_n of_o that_o
together_o as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n rhine_n cover_v all_o the_o way_n with_o spoil_n and_o dead_a body_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 80000_o as_o some_o relate_v it_o ariovistus_n himself_o escape_v in_o a_o little_a boat_n with_o a_o small_a retinue_n two_o of_o his_o wife_n and_o as_o many_o daughter_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o caesar_n these_o two_o great_a war_n be_v dispatch_v by_o caesar_n in_o his_o first_o year_n expedition_n which_o he_o manage_v with_o extraordinary_a skill_n and_o dexterity_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o next_o spring_n caesar_n be_v alarm_v by_o a_o great_a confederacy_n against_o the_o roman_n of_o all_o the_o belgae_n who_o inhabit_v a_o three_o part_n of_o gaul_n and_o be_v esteem_v the_o most_o powerful_a people_n in_o the_o whole_a country_n he_o hear_v that_o they_o have_v raise_v above_o 280000_o man_n direct_v his_o march_n totem_v with_o all_o speed_n and_o brave_o attacking_z they_o just_a as_o they_o be_v plunder_v his_o ally_n the_o gaul_n he_o defeat_v and_o put_v to_o slight_v a_o mighty_a number_n of_o they_o insomuch_o that_o the_o marsh_n and_o deep_a river_n become_v passable_a to_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o prodigious_a number_n of_o the_o dead_a body_n as_o plutarch_n relate_v it_o but_o among_o several_a reveral_a revolter_n all_o that_o live_v nigh_o the_o ocean_n yield_v without_o fight_v wherefore_o he_o lead_v his_o army_n against_o the_o nervian_o the_o most_o savage_a and_o warlike_a people_n in_o those_o part_n these_o inhabit_v a_o thick_a woody_a country_n where_o bestow_v their_o child_n and_o all_o their_o good_n in_o some_o close_a and_o convenient_a place_n in_o their_o forest_n they_o set_v upon_o caesar_n with_o 60000_o man_n before_o he_o think_v of_o engage_v or_o have_v time_n to_o encamp_v himself_o they_o fall_v on_o with_o such_o uncommon_a fury_n that_o they_o break_v the_o roman_a cavalry_n then_o surround_v the_o twelve_o and_o seven_o legion_n they_o kill_v all_o the_o officer_n and_o if_o caesar_n himself_o have_v not_o hasty_o catch_v up_o a_o buckler_n and_o rush_v through_o his_o man_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o his_o ten_o legion_n run_v in_o to_o his_o assistance_n and_o break_v the_o enemy_n rank_n they_o have_v all_o be_v cut_v off_o but_o though_o by_o the_o encouragement_n of_o caesar_n extraordinary_a valour_n they_o fight_v beyond_o their_o strength_n yet_o all_o they_o can_v do_v be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o make_v the_o nervian_o fly_v who_o obstinate_o stand_v their_o ground_n till_o they_o be_v all_o cut_n in_o piece_n not_o in_o of_o they_o be_v sauâ—d_v this_o be_v caesar_n second_o year_n expedition_n and_o the_o renown_n of_o his_o victory_n make_v he_o formidable_a even_o in_o germany_n so_o that_o several_a nation_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n send_v and_o submit_v themselves_o to_o he_o upon_o the_o news_n of_o caesar_n last_o exploit_n at_o rome_n the_o senate_n decree_v a_o solemn_a festival_n for_o 15_o day_n which_o be_v a_o great_a honour_n than_o any_o have_v receive_v before_o he_o not_o long_o before_o which_o violent_a stir_v and_o and_o commotion_n have_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o city_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o clodius_n who_o after_o he_o have_v free_v himself_o from_o his_o enemy_n begin_v to_o prove_v a_o intolerable_a plague_n and_o vexation_n to_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o even_o to_o pompey_n himself_o so_o that_o now_o he_o find_v it_o very_o much_o for_o his_o interest_n to_o get_v cicero_n reall_v from_o his_o banishment_n whereupon_o he_o employ_v milo_n one_o of_o the_o tribune_n and_o of_o great_a courage_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o use_v his_o interest_n with_o many_o other_o the_o matter_n be_v at_o last_o propound_v to_o the_o senate_n where_o it_o be_v general_o agree_v to_o but_o clodius_n oppose_v it_o with_o the_o utmost_a violence_n and_o when_o the_o matter_n be_v propose_v to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n and_o promote_v as_o much_o as_o possible_a by_o milo_n and_o his_o colleague_n sextius_n clodius_n assist_v by_o a_o party_n of_o gladiator_n sudden_o set_v upon_o the_o multitude_n raise_v the_o great_a disorder_n imaginable_a many_o of_o the_o people_n be_v kill_v the_o tribune_n be_v wound_v and_o quintus_fw-la cicero_n brother_n be_v almost_o overwhelm_v with_o dead_a body_n and_o the_o rest_n all_o flee_v after_o a_o day_n or_o two_o milo_n seize_v upon_o clodius_n and_o carry_v he_o before_o the_o praetor_n whereupon_o a_o great_a contest_v arise_v and_o clodius_n party_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o pompey_n gladiator_n after_o some_o bloodshed_n be_v beat_v off_o pompey_n immediate_o mediate_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o forum_n put_v the_o people_n upon_o give_v their_o suffrage_n who_o with_o universal_a consent_n and_o applause_n vote_v cicero_n restitution_n the_o senate_n likewise_o decree_v honour_n to_o such_o city_n as_o have_v entertain_v he_o and_o that_o his_o house_n and_o village_n shall_v be_v rebuilt_a at_o the_o public_a charge_n so_o cicero_n after_o 16_o month_n banishment_n return_v in_o great_a pomp_n and_o glory_n sufficient_o revenge_v himself_o upon_o piso_n gabinius_n and_o other_o by_o his_o write_n afterward_o he_o return_v in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o caesar_n war_n in_o gaul_n the_o follow_a year_n caesar_n design_v for_o italy_n himself_o send_v out_o servius_n galba_n one_o of_o his_o lieutenant_n with_o the_o twelve_o legion_n and_o part_n of_o the_o cavalry_n against_o the_o antuates_n veragres_n and_o seduni_n nation_n seat_v from_o the_o river_n rhosine_n as_o high_a as_o the_o alps_o in_o order_n to_o clear_v a_o passage_n and_o secure_v all_o manner_n of_o traffic_n in_o those_o part_n galba_n in_o a_o short_a time_n defeat_v a_o very_a great_a party_n who_o have_v be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o attack_v he_o in_o his_o camp_n caesar_n not_o long_o after_o return_v find_v that_o the_o venâ—ti_n and_o several_a other_o nation_n of_o that_o part_n of_o gaul_n call_v celtica_n have_v revolt_v he_o turn_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o force_n against_o they_o and_o these_o cause_v he_o extraordinary_a trouble_n and_o many_o difficulty_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o naval_a strength_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o continual_o shift_v themselves_o and_o remove_v from_o place_n to_o place_n but_o at_o last_o caesar_n have_v procure_v a_o fleet_n attack_v the_o veneti_n at_o sea_n and_o there_o overthrow_v they_o crassus_n one_o of_o his_o lieutenant_n the_o mean_a time_n subdue_v the_o sontiate_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o aquitain_n as_o sabinus_n another_o of_o â—em_v do_v the_o unelli_n and_o all_o the_o maritime_a part_n towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o campaign_n caesar_n march_v against_o the_o morini_n a_o people_n nigh_o calais_n and_o the_o mcnapii_fw-la also_o which_o two_o nation_n be_v still_o up_o in_o arms._n but_o the_o season_n be_v too_o far_o advance_v the_o rain_n and_o foul_a wether_n secure_v they_o in_o the_o forest_n and_o marsh_n and_o cause_v caesar_n to_o put_v his_o man_n all_o into_o their_o winter-quarter_n which_o end_v his_o three_o year_n expedition_n in_o gaul_n iii_o as_o caesar_n conquest_n establish_v his_o reputation_n in_o rome_n 698._o so_o his_o humanity_n and_o other_o excellent_a quality_n absolute_o gain_v he_o the_o heart_n and_o affection_n of_o his_o soldier_n he_o have_v now_o get_v great_a store_n of_o wealth_n by_o which_o he_o not_o only_o discharge_v his_o debt_n but_o likewise_o make_v many_o great_a friend_n by_o his_o magnificent_a present_n especial_o to_o the_o lady_n corrupt_v also_o the_o aedile_n praetor_n and_o consul_n themselves_o in_o this_o winter_n he_o pass_v into_o italy_n to_o luca_n where_o he_o take_v up_o his_o head_n quarter_n where_o there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o concourse_n of_o people_n to_o pay_v he_o their_o respect_n that_o 200_o senator_n be_v present_a together_o and_o so_o many_o praetor_n and_o proconsul_n that_o 120_o bundle_n of_o rod_n be_v see_v there_o at_o a_o time_n here_o the_o triumvirate_n take_v new_a measure_n and_o caesar_n fear_v he_o may_v be_v recall_v from_o gaul_n procure_v pompey_n and_o crassus_n to_o endeavour_v at_o the_o consulship_n the_o follow_a year_n and_o so_o continue_v he_o in_o his_o employment_n for_o five_o year_n long_o this_o design_n be_v so_o displease_v to_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o dissension_n so_o violent_a concern_v it_o that_o they_o go_v into_o mourn_v as_o in_o public_a calamity_n say_v that_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o triumvirate_n be_v dangerous_a to_o the_o quiet_a and_o liberty_n of_o rome_n cato_n with_o great_a eagerness_n set_v up_o domitius_n to_o stand_v against_o they_o but_o pompey_n resolve_v to_o remove_v all_o obstacle_n send_v some_o arm_a man_n against_o domitius_n as_o he_o be_v go_v to_o the_o election_n who_o kill_v the_o slave_n that_o carry_v the_o light_n before_o they_o and_o disperse_v
rest_n of_o the_o place_n in_o aquitain_n submit_v and_o go_v to_o narbone_n he_o then_o dispose_v his_o man_n into_o their_o winter-quarter_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o they_o prove_v very_o useful_a to_o he_o afterward_o in_o the_o civil_a war_n and_o this_o finish_v caesar_n eighth_n and_o last_o year_n expedition_n in_o gaul_n and_o all_o the_o part_n thereabouts_o after_o a_o long_a and_o almost_o uninterupted_a course_n of_o many_o glorious_a conquest_n and_o noble_a victory_n to_o the_o mighty_a increase_n of_o his_o own_o honour_n and_o renown_n and_o the_o great_a enlargement_n of_o the_o roman_a dominion_n and_o riches_n as_o well_o as_o the_o terror_n of_o their_o name_n and_o authority_n ii_o now_o the_o jealousy_n between_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n begin_v to_o be_v more_o conspicuous_a than_o ever_o and_o well_o may_v a_o rupture_n be_v expect_v when_o two_o person_n the_o great_a that_o ever_o rome_n produce_v be_v become_v rival_n in_o glory_n especial_o when_o their_o temper_n be_v such_o that_o the_o latter_a can_v not_o endure_v a_o equal_a nor_o the_o former_a a_o superior_a caesar_n have_v now_o raise_v himself_o to_o a_o extraordinary_a height_n both_o as_o to_o riches_n and_o reputation_n then_o the_o grandeur_n of_o his_o mein_fw-ge his_o unbounded_a generosity_n and_o his_o noble_a action_n have_v entire_o engage_v the_o affection_n of_o his_o soldier_n to_o he_o who_o all_o love_v he_o almost_o to_o adoration_n again_o a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o senator_n stand_v oblige_v to_o he_o for_o considerable_a sum_n of_o money_n which_o he_o have_v lend_v they_o without_o interest_n he_o entertain_v with_o magnificence_n all_o such_o as_o serve_v under_o he_o even_o to_o the_o very_a slave_n and_o his_o army_n be_v a_o refuge_n to_o all_o manner_n of_o criminal_n and_o such_o as_o be_v much_o in_o debt_n a_o great_a many_o of_o which_o he_o discharge_v at_o his_o own_o expense_n but_o for_o some_o who_o debt_n be_v large_a than_o ordinary_a he_o use_v to_o say_v that_o one_o civil_a war_n will_v make_v all_o even_o all_o this_o be_v do_v at_o gaul_n expense_n which_o may_v occasion_v this_o observation_n that_o caesar_n conquer_a the_o gaul_n with_o the_o roman_n steel_n and_o the_o roman_n with_o the_o gallic_a gold_n pompey_n have_v observe_v that_o caesar_n in_o his_o consulship_n have_v render_v himself_o very_o distasteful_a to_o the_o senate_n therefore_o he_o make_v it_o his_o business_n by_o his_o outward_a carriage_n and_o fair_a demeanour_n to_o gain_v their_o favour_n which_o he_o do_v with_o good_a success_n caesar_n be_v aware_a of_o this_o and_o for_o that_o reason_n endeavour_v vigorous_o for_o the_o consulship_n in_o his_o absence_n and_o likewise_o to_o procure_v his_o government_n to_o be_v prolong_v try_v all_o way_n and_o method_n to_o keep_v his_o army_n till_o he_o can_v get_v to_o be_v choose_v consul_n but_o he_o soon_o find_v that_o this_o affair_n do_v not_o succeed_v according_a to_o his_o wish_n be_v chief_o hinder_v by_o marcus_n marcellus_n one_o of_o the_o present_a consul_n and_o his_o great_a enemy_n though_o he_o be_v sufficient_o sensible_a of_o pompey_n jealousy_n he_o resolve_v to_o endeavour_v once_o more_o to_o preserve_v his_o friendship_n therefore_o offer_v he_o his_o niece_n octavia_n and_o demand_v pompey_n daughter_n for_o himself_o but_o pompey_n think_v fit_a to_o make_v choice_n of_o a_o alliance_n with_o scipio_n who_o he_o join_v with_o he_o in_o the_o consular_a dignity_n for_o the_o last_o five_o month_n the_o first_o public_a appearance_n of_o the_o division_n begin_v from_o pompey_n two_o law_n publish_v in_o his_o consulship_n the_o first_o be_v to_o inquire_v into_o the_o miscarriage_n of_o officer_n for_o twenty_o year_n last_o pass_v and_o the_o latter_a to_o forbid_v all_o absent_a person_n to_o demand_v any_o public_a employment_n both_o which_o be_v design_v against_o caesar._n but_o still_o no_o great_a violence_n be_v use_v but_o all_o be_v manage_v with_o extreme_a artifice_n and_o cunning_a till_o the_o election_n of_o the_o new_a consul_n who_o be_v aemilius_n paulus_n and_o calidius_n marcellus_n a_o kinsman_n of_o marcus_n now_o every_o one_o with_o great_a impatience_n expect_v to_o find_v how_o the_o consul_n will_v declare_v themselves_o the_o first_o have_v be_v well_o secure_v by_o a_o large_a present_n of_o 1500_o talent_n from_o caesar_n but_o calidius_n be_v caesar_n enemy_n and_o be_v carry_v on_o by_o the_o same_o spirit_n with_o his_o kinsman_n marcus_n follow_v also_o his_o method_n curio_n be_v likewise_o one_o of_o the_o tribune_n a_o person_n of_o the_o high_a fame_n for_o his_o eloquence_n and_o plead_n and_o of_o great_a part_n and_o resolution_n but_o now_o much_o burthenâ—d_v with_o debt_n both_o for_o himself_o and_o other_o and_o particular_o for_o marcus_n antonius_n one_o of_o his_o colleague_n curio_n have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o violent_a against_o caesar_n interest_n but_o caesar_n who_o well_o know_v all_o his_o unhappy_a circumstance_n quick_o find_v a_o way_n to_o bring_v he_o over_o by_o furnish_v he_o with_o mean_n to_o quit_v himself_o of_o those_o encumbrance_n curio_n after_o this_o make_v use_v of_o practice_n very_o refine_v forbear_v to_o declare_v himself_o of_o caesarâ—s_n â—s_z party_n the_o better_a to_o penetrate_v the_o design_n of_o the_o other_o party_n and_o after_o that_o seek_v a_o opportunity_n to_o break_v with_o pompey_n in_o order_n to_o which_o he_o demand_v to_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o highway_n confer_v upon_o he_o although_o he_o know_v it_o wouâ—d_v be_v denyâ—d_v he_o and_o upon_o refusal_n he_o show_v his_o resentment_n and_o soon_o after_o when_o marcellus_n the_o consul_n propose_v with_o great_a earnestness_n the_o recalling_a caesar_n from_o his_o government_n curio_n applaud_v his_o wisdom_n add_v withal_o that_o it_o be_v but_o justice_n that_o pompey_n and_o caesar_n shall_v be_v both_o call_v from_o their_o government_n together_o all_o apprehend_v the_o mean_v of_o this_o proposal_n and_o pompey_n friend_n begin_v to_o be_v very_o troublesome_a to_o curio_n particular_o appius_n one_o of_o the_o censor_n who_o threaten_v to_o expel_v he_o the_o senate_n and_o propose_v it_o in_o one_o of_o the_o assembly_n curio_n submit_v to_o any_o thing_n decree_v against_o himself_o in_o particular_a but_o wouâ—d_v yield_v to_o nothing_o where_o caesar_n interest_n be_v strike_v at_o and_o the_o consul_n aemilius_n secure_v he_o from_o the_o affront_n offer_v he_o by_o appius_n curio_n resolve_v not_o to_o be_v discourage_v make_v the_o same_o proposal_n to_o the_o people_n as_o he_o have_v do_v to_o the_o senate_n which_o be_v receive_v with_o the_o great_a applause_n imaginable_a and_o as_o a_o further_a testimony_n of_o their_o satisfaction_n they_o give_v power_n to_o caesar_n to_o demand_v the_o consulship_n without_o remove_v out_o of_o his_o province_n this_o cause_v pompey_n to_o leave_v the_o city_n under_o pretence_n of_o go_v to_o his_o government_n but_o he_o real_o go_v no_o further_o than_o a_o countryhouse_n of_o he_o where_o fall_v sick_a he_o write_v to_o the_o senate_n that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o resign_v all_o his_o employment_n when_o caesar_n do_v the_o like_a which_o he_o will_v confirm_v upon_o his_o return_n to_o rome_n curio_z immediate_o take_v this_o advantage_n and_o tell_v he_o it_o be_v his_o duty_n to_o begin_v what_o he_o propose_v and_o he_o will_v engage_v that_o his_o example_n shall_v be_v follow_v by_o caesar._n the_o matter_n be_v then_o public_o debate_v but_o end_v only_o in_o a_o order_n that_o two_o legion_n shall_v be_v draw_v out_o of_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n army_n to_o be_v send_v against_o the_o parthian_n and_o this_o be_v only_o to_o weaken_v caesar_n army_n for_o pompey_n likewise_o demand_v the_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v former_o lend_v he_o caesar_n immediate_o apprehend_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o order_n and_o pompey_n design_n nevertheless_o he_o make_v no_o opposition_n but_o surrender_v two_o legion_n generous_o give_v each_o man_n five_o and_o twenty_o crown_n cicâ—ro_n at_o this_o time_n return_v to_o rome_n from_o his_o government_n of_o cilicia_n where_o he_o pretend_v for_o his_o great_a exploit_n to_o have_v merit_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o triumph_n his_o absence_n have_v hinder_v he_o from_o join_v with_o either_o party_n and_o his_o present_a pretension_n oblige_v he_o to_o be_v a_o mediator_n between_o both_o but_o no_o proposal_n of_o accommodation_n will_v be_v hearken_v to_o for_o appius_n return_v from_o caesar_n army_n publish_v abroad_o that_o his_o soldier_n have_v no_o esteem_n for_o he_o and_o that_o they_o will_v certain_o come_v over_o to_o the_o senate_n party_n whenever_o they_o recover_v this_o side_n of_o the_o alps._n this_o relation_n give_v pompey_n great_a confidence_n so_o that_o cicero_n can_v not_o be_v hear_v and_o when_o he_o
five_o considerable_a town_n and_o make_v several_a other_o capitulate_v caesar_n who_o spare_v no_o pain_n to_o distress_v his_o enemy_n throw_v up_o divers_a intrenchment_n and_o ditch_n in_o order_n to_o cut_v off_o the_o water_n from_o their_o camp_n and_o to_o make_v the_o segre_n fordable_a afranius_n and_o petreius_n dread_v the_o success_n of_o this_o enterprise_n after_o several_a motion_n of_o both_o army_n resolve_v to_o reach_n octogâ—sa_n situate_v on_o the_o iberus_n where_o they_o have_v send_v a_o party_n before_o to_o lay_v a_o bridge_n over_o in_o order_n to_o this_o design_n they_o decamp_v at_o midnight_n but_o caesar_n send_v his_o cavalry_n after_o they_o and_o oblige_v they_o to_o ford_n the_o river_n before_o they_o can_v come_v at_o their_o bridge_n then_o leave_v his_o baggage_n in_o his_o camp_n he_o sudden_o cross_v the_o river_n with_o his_o infantry_n and_o pursue_v they_o so_o close_o that_o they_o couâ—d_v neither_o reach_v their_o intend_a place_n nor_o return_v to_o their_o former_a camp_n by_o which_o mean_v he_o reduce_v they_o to_o such_o extremity_n of_o hunger_n and_o drought_n that_o they_o be_v all_o oblige_v to_o yield_v to_o his_o mercy_n without_o any_o bloodshed_n caesar_n to_o show_v his_o kind_n and_o generous_a temper_n dismiss_v they_o all_o and_o satisfy_v they_o with_o incredible_a courtesy_n such_o as_o be_v never_o practise_v elsewhere_o towards_o enemy_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o he_o become_v master_n of_o all_o spain_n send_v back_o his_o enemy_n load_v with_o shame_n and_o obligation_n to_o publish_v his_o extraordinary_a clemency_n and_o valour_n while_o he_o himself_o depart_v for_o marseilles_n which_o be_v then_o just_a upon_o the_o point_n of_o yield_v upon_o caesar_n arrival_n they_o capitulate_v during_o which_o time_n domitius_n make_v his_o escape_n by_o sea_n caesar_n pardon_v the_o inhabitant_n more_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o name_n and_o antiquity_n as_o he_o tell_v they_o than_o for_o any_o other_o merit_n and_o leave_v two_o legion_n in_o garrison_n he_o depart_v for_o rome_n upon_o his_o arrival_n there_o he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a satisfaction_n by_o most_o people_n 706._o and_o make_v dictator_n by_o m._n lepidus_n the_o praetor_n but_o find_v this_o office_n not_o well_o like_v of_o he_o lay_v it_o down_o after_o hold_v of_o it_o 11_o day_n and_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v choose_v consul_n with_o servilius_n isauricus_n his_o design_n be_v now_o to_o procure_v himself_o as_o many_o friend_n as_o possible_a in_o pursuance_n of_o which_o purpose_n he_o prefer_v several_a favourable_a law_n the_o first_o be_v concern_v the_o borrow_v of_o money_n for_o the_o war_n which_o as_o it_o usual_o happen_v have_v ruin_v almost_o all_o credit_n and_o render_v a_o great_a many_o man_n incapable_a of_o payment_n caesar_n order_v that_o a_o estimate_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o inheritance_n at_o the_o same_o value_n they_o bear_v before_o the_o war_n and_o that_o creditor_n shall_v take_v they_o according_a to_o his_o estimation_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o take_v away_o the_o fear_n of_o a_o general_n bankrupcy_n and_o support_v the_o credit_n of_o the_o debtor_n beside_o he_o bring_v over_o to_o his_o party_n all_o such_o as_o expect_v to_o be_v favour_v in_o this_o general_n valuation_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a design_n of_o the_o law_n the_o other_o law_n be_v for_o the_o call_n home_o those_o who_o have_v be_v condemn_v during_o pompey_n preside_v in_o the_o pass_a sentence_n of_o justice_n caesar_n likewise_o make_v several_a other_o ordinance_n and_o after_o have_v quit_v the_o name_n and_o dignity_n of_o dictator_n depart_v for_o brundisium_n to_o go_v against_o pompey_n before_o which_o time_n he_o receive_v the_o bad_a news_n of_o the_o defeat_n and_o death_n of_o curio_n who_o he_o have_v send_v against_o vaâ—us_n pompey_n lieutenant_n in_o africa_n v._o pompey_n after_o his_o departure_n from_o italy_n into_o epirus_n and_o greece_n have_v make_v all_o possible_a preparation_n for_o resistance_n draw_v over_o all_o the_o east_n to_o his_o interest_n and_o during_o the_o time_n of_o caesar_n be_v at_o rome_n and_o in_o spain_n have_v gather_v together_o very_o powerful_a army_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n his_o land_n force_v consist_v of_o 9_o italian_a legion_n effective_a beside_o the_o two_o which_o scipio_n his_o brother-in-law_n bring_v he_o and_o the_o auxiliary_n from_o the_o eastern_a country_n of_o 7000_o horse_n â—000_n archer_n and_o 8_o cohort_n of_o slinger_n these_o troop_n be_v distribute_v into_o dyrrachium_fw-la and_o apollonia_n and_o over_o all_o that_o coast_n to_o oppose_v the_o come_n down_o of_o caesar._n and_o more_o than_o this_o he_o have_v prepare_v a_o noble_a fleet_n of_o 500_o large_a ship_n beside_o galley_n brigantine_n and_o other_o lesser_a vessel_n all_o which_o be_v command_v in_o chief_a by_o bibulus_n who_o execute_v the_o office_n of_o admiral_n beside_o these_o force_n pompey_n have_v draw_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n out_o of_o asia_n and_o greece_n and_o to_o recompense_v himself_o in_o some_o measure_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o spain_n have_v cause_v dalabella_n and_o caius_n antonius_n who_o command_v for_o caesar_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o illyricum_n to_o be_v attack_v and_o with_o that_o success_n that_o the_o former_a be_v drive_v out_o and_o the_o latter_a take_v these_o advantage_n which_o daily_o keep_v up_o the_o reputation_n of_o pompeyâ—s_n â—s_z party_n still_o engage_v more_o person_n of_o consideration_n to_o come_v and_o join_v themselves_o with_o he_o so_o that_o he_o find_v he_o have_v in_o his_o camp_n above_o 200_o senator_n whereof_o he_o compose_v a_o body_n and_o they_o assemble_v themselves_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o senate_n with_o these_o m._n brutus_n have_v joynâ—d_v himself_o not_o for_o any_o respect_n to_o pompey_n who_o he_o hate_v but_o that_o severe_a virtue_n of_o which_o he_o make_v profession_n and_o the_o example_n of_o his_o uncle_n and_o father-in-law_n cato_n have_v ingagâ—d_v he_o in_o that_o party_n which_o he_o think_v have_v the_o most_o justice_n on_o its_o side_n in_o one_o of_o their_o assembly_n by_o the_o politic_a advice_n of_o cato_n it_o be_v determine_v that_o no_o roman_a citizen_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o death_n out_o of_o battle_n and_o that_o no_o town_n subject_a to_o the_o roman_a empire_n shall_v be_v plunder_v in_o effect_n this_o laudable_a decree_n draw_v the_o good_a wish_n of_o the_o people_n upon_o the_o honourable_a author_n of_o it_o and_o gain_v the_o reputation_n of_o great_a justice_n and_o humanity_n to_o their_o design_n and_o likewise_o be_v the_o occasion_n that_o the_o fortune_n of_o caesar_n hang_v for_o a_o long_a time_n doubtful_a and_o be_v afterward_o make_v use_n of_o to_o justify_v his_o death_n notwithstanding_o these_o disadvantage_n on_o caesar_n side_n he_o proceed_v with_o a_o uncommon_a vigour_n and_o undaunted_a courage_n and_o rendezvouze_a at_o brundisium_n he_o without_o any_o delay_n ship_v off_o 5_o of_o his_o 12_o legion_n which_o amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o 20000_o foot_n and_o 6000_o horse_n at_o this_o time_n the_o rest_n be_v oblige_v to_o stay_v behind_o for_o want_n of_o ship_n caesar_n very_o much_o encourage_v his_o man_n tell_v they_o what_o glorious_a action_n they_o be_v go_v to_o undertake_v and_o in_o spite_n of_o the_o rigour_n of_o the_o season_n upon_o the_o four_o of_o january_n he_o weigh_v anchor_n this_o much_o surprise_v the_o officer_n of_o pompey_n fleet_n to_o find_v he_o venture_v so_o bold_o through_o the_o danger_n both_o of_o the_o wether_n and_o their_o navy_n but_o caesar_n time_v it_o so_o well_o that_o he_o make_v his_o passage_n in_o one_o day_n and_o land_v his_o man_n at_o a_o place_n call_v pharsalus_n not_o dare_v to_o venture_v into_o any_o know_a port_n which_o he_o believe_v to_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n have_v once_o get_v to_o land_n he_o send_v back_o all_o the_o ship_n to_o transport_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o legion_n under_o the_o command_n of_o calenus_n but_o in_o their_o passage_n 30_o of_o they_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o bibulus_n pompey_n admiral_n who_o sensible_a of_o his_o former_a neglect_n in_o a_o great_a passion_n set_v they_o all_o on_o fire_n destroy_v both_o owner_n and_o seaman_n hope_v by_o this_o example_n to_o terrify_v the_o rest_n and_o for_o the_o future_a he_o take_v more_o than_o ordinary_a care_n in_o guard_v the_o coast_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n caesar_n take_v possession_n of_o oricum_n and_o apollonia_n which_o at_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o troop_n surrender_v themselves_o by_o which_o mean_n he_o cut_v off_o all_o communication_n of_o land_n from_o bibulus_n as_o long_o as_o he_o stay_v to_o intercept_v his_o fleet._n caesar_n still_o take_v care_n to_o justify_v his_o action_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n he_o send_v rufus_n who_o
to_o block_n up_o pompey_n by_o that_o circumvallation_n this_o be_v do_v chief_o to_o diminish_v the_o mighty_a reputation_n that_o pompey_n have_v gain_v among_o foreign_a nation_n when_o all_o the_o world_n shall_v know_v that_o he_o be_v invest_v by_o caesar_n and_o dare_v not_o hazard_v a_o battle_n but_o pompey_n resolve_v to_o run_v the_o hazard_n of_o any_o scandal_n rather_o than_o a_o battle_n at_o this_o time_n or_o to_o quit_v either_o dyrrachium_fw-la or_o the_o sea_n so_o that_o both_o party_n at_o present_a be_v employ_v in_o design_n and_o stratagem_n caesar_n man_n daily_o carry_v on_o their_o work_n to_o straighten_v the_o enemy_n and_o those_o of_o pompey_n do_v the_o same_o to_o enlarge_v themselves_o they_o have_v the_o advantage_n as_o to_o number_n beside_o there_o be_v being_n the_o innermost_a circumvallation_n be_v not_o extend_v so_o far_o as_o caesar_n though_o pompey_n decline_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n yet_o he_o severe_o gall_v caesar_n man_n with_o his_o archer_n and_o slinger_n which_o oblige_v d_o they_o to_o make_v certain_a blind_v with_o clothes_n and_o skin_n for_o their_o defence_n against_o the_o arrow_n and_o no_o day_n pass_v without_o some_o encounter_n or_o other_o particular_o when_o caesar_n nine_o legion_n be_v too_o far_o advance_v caesar_n bring_v it_o off_o safe_o when_o pompey_n before_o believe_v it_o impossible_a it_o be_v very_o remarkable_a to_o find_v caesar_n besiege_v a_o enemy_n strong_a than_o himself_o and_o supply_v with_o all_o provision_n by_o sea_n while_o he_o himself_o be_v reduce_v to_o extreme_a necessity_n for_o want_n of_o corn._n yet_o his_o soldier_n bear_v all_o with_o admirable_a constancy_n remember_v what_o great_a honour_n they_o have_v often_o gain_v after_o such_o misery_n as_o these_o they_o make_v use_v of_o bean_n and_o barley_n and_o a_o root_n call_v chara_n which_o they_o mingle_v with_o milk_n some_o of_o which_o they_o often_o throw_v among_o pompey_n soldier_n tell_v they_o that_o they_o will_v rather_o eat_v the_o bark_n of_o tree_n than_o let_v pompey_n escape_v now_o they_o have_v get_v he_o in_o their_o power_n pompey_n be_v extreme_o surprise_v at_o this_o and_o say_v that_o â—e_n do_v not_o expect_v to_o have_v have_v wild_a beast_n to_o deal_v withal_o but_o afterward_o when_o summer_n come_v on_o there_o be_v a_o great_a change_n for_o pompey_n army_n can_v hardly_o be_v keep_v alive_a be_v most_o distress_a for_o want_n of_o water_n which_o caesar_n by_o dam_n and_o other_o method_n have_v turn_v another_o way_n on_o the_o contrary_a caesar_n army_n be_v in_o very_o good_a health_n well_o furnish_v with_o water_n and_o all_o provision_n except_o wheat_n of_o which_o also_o they_o have_v fair_a hope_n harvest_n be_v so_o nigh_o after_o this_o follow_v several_a skirmish_n and_o one_o night_n pompey_n understanding_n caesar_n be_v absent_v a_o little_a way_n attack_v his_o work_n but_o be_v beat_v off_o with_o considerable_a loss_n and_o force_v to_o retreat_n into_o his_o old_a trench_n in_o this_o encounter_n one_o sceva_n a_o centurion_n behave_v himself_o with_o a_o wonderful_a bravery_n kill_v two_o officer_n after_o he_o have_v be_v wound_v in_o the_o eye_n shoulder_n and_o thigh_n as_o appian_n relate_v it_o and_o receive_v 230_o shot_n upon_o his_o buckler_n caesar_n great_o reward_v he_o and_o many_o other_o and_o encourage_v by_o this_o good_a success_n draw_v out_o his_o man_n every_o day_n and_o offer_a battle_n to_o pompey_n within_o view_n of_o his_o line_n and_o though_o pompey_n draw_v out_o also_o in_o battalion_n yet_o he_o always_o keep_v his_o troop_n under_o defence_n of_o his_o rampart_n where_o caesar_n do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o attack_v kim_n caesar_n have_v now_o by_o mean_n of_o his_o officer_n draw_v several_a province_n of_o greece_n to_o his_o party_n and_o understanding_n that_o scipio_n be_v come_v into_o macedonia_n he_o send_v to_o he_o to_o procure_v a_o accommodation_n between_o he_o and_o pompey_n which_o he_o may_v easy_o bring_v about_o as_o have_v the_o command_n of_o a_o army_n but_o caesar_n find_v this_o not_o to_o succeed_v apply_v himself_o more_o close_o to_o block_n up_o pompey_n and_o with_o the_o utmost_a art_n and_o diligence_n which_o bring_v he_o to_o a_o more_o dangerous_a condition_n than_o ever_o for_o his_o horse_n have_v consume_v all_o their_o barley_n and_o likewise_o all_o the_o leave_n of_o the_o tree_n so_o that_o there_o remain_v no_o more_o subsistence_n for_o they_o and_o they_o be_v now_o scarce_o able_a to_o go_v on_o their_o leg_n for_o want_n of_o forage_n all_o which_o give_v very_o great_a hope_n to_o caesar_n and_o his_o soldier_n these_o trouble_n and_o inconvenience_n which_o encompass_v pompey_n make_v he_o resolve_v to_o break_v through_o especial_o after_o he_o have_v be_v inform_v of_o the_o condition_n of_o caesar_n fortification_n by_o roscillus_n and_o aegus_n two_o brother_n of_o considerable_a note_n who_o desert_v 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commonwealth_n be_v general_o the_o most_o violent_a 712._o so_o be_v these_o of_o rome_n the_o great_a that_o ever_o she_o have_v for_o the_o maintain_v her_o liberty_n for_o in_o the_o sedition_n of_o the_o gracchi_n and_o in_o the_o war_n of_o marius_n and_o sylla_n rome_n and_o italy_n be_v only_a sufferer_n and_o though_o in_o the_o dissension_n of_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n the_o trouble_n be_v more_o general_n yet_o several_a of_o the_o senator_n and_o people_n think_v they_o may_v well_o enough_o stand_v neuter_n out_o of_o their_o respect_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o name_n in_o appearance_n be_v still_o reverence_v whereas_o in_o these_o last_o war_n the_o mask_n be_v whole_o lay_v aside_o and_o all_o thing_n be_v carry_v on_o in_o such_o a_o open_a manner_n that_o there_o be_v a_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o declare_v for_o liberty_n or_o against_o it_o but_o now_o all_o pretence_n of_o liberty_n be_v utter_o ruin_v by_o the_o defeat_v of_o brutus_n and_o cassius_n 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temple_n and_o because_o many_o unjust_a thing_n have_v be_v ordain_v during_o the_o late_a sedition_n and_o civil_a war_n especial_o in_o the_o last_o triumvirate_n he_o make_v they_o all_o void_a by_o one_o edict_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o cease_v from_o his_o six_o consulship_n thus_o octavius_n more_o and_o more_o settle_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o city_n and_o gain_v the_o heart_n and_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n iv._o octavius_n now_o enter_v upon_o his_o seven_o consulship_n 727._o and_o find_v all_o matter_n ripe_a for_o his_o purpose_n he_o go_v to_o the_o senate-house_n after_o he_o have_v prepare_v all_o the_o senator_n who_o be_v for_o his_o interest_n and_o in_o a_o study_a speech_n speak_v to_o this_o effect_n when_o i_o consider_v with_o myself_o the_o immense_a greatness_n and_o boundless_a extent_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n i_o be_o strike_v with_o surprise_n nay_o and_o amazement_n to_o imagine_v that_o any_o mortal_a dare_v undertake_v the_o sole_a administration_n of_o so_o vast_a a_o state_n what_o nation_n have_v not_o either_o beg_v peace_n at_o our_o gate_n or_o feel_v the_o fury_n of_o our_o arm_n at_o their_o own_o and_o what_o country_n have_v not_o we_o conquer_v and_o bring_v to_o subjection_n make_v the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n the_o bound_n of_o our_o dominion_n therefore_o it_o must_v proceed_v from_o a_o wild_a and_o extravagant_a opinion_n of_o their_o own_o ability_n when_o any_o pretend_v to_o bare_a that_o burden_n which_o none_o but_o the_o immortal_a god_n can_v sustain_v as_o for_o my_o own_o part_n who_o may_v with_o modesty_n affirm_v that_o i_o have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o all_o domestic_a war_n and_o have_v bring_v peace_n to_o the_o city_n i_o dare_v not_o presume_v to_o attempt_v it_o though_o i_o be_o invite_v to_o it_o by_o all_o the_o powerful_a charm_n of_o command_v the_o great_a people_n upon_o earth_n and_o the_o most_o glorious_a empire_n next_o heaven_n and_o also_o entice_v by_o 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enlarge_v much_o upon_o the_o particular_n and_o upon_o the_o finish_v his_o speech_n the_o mind_n of_o the_o senator_n be_v various_o affect_v many_o know_v his_o design_n and_o therefore_o agree_v with_o his_o intention_n the_o rest_n either_o suspect_v his_o aim_n or_o believe_v his_o word_n of_o these_o some_o admire_v his_o policy_n in_o conceal_v his_o purpose_n other_o be_v concern_v at_o his_o design_n some_o at_o his_o cunning_n and_o other_o at_o his_o refusal_n of_o the_o government_n many_o hate_v the_o popular_a form_n of_o government_n as_o dangerous_a in_o these_o time_n and_o approve_v of_o the_o change_n be_v well_o satisfy_v with_o octavius_n administration_n most_o of_o the_o rest_n be_v wear_v and_o weary_v out_o with_o their_o many_o vain_a struggle_n for_o their_o liberty_n and_o very_o desirous_a of_o ease_n and_o rest_v choose_v rather_o the_o present_a estate_n with_o security_n than_o to_o strive_v to_o recover_v the_o old_a with_o danger_n so_o that_o the_o product_n of_o their_o several_a affection_n be_v the_o same_o for_o those_o who_o wish_v he_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o private_a condition_n be_v very_o fearful_a of_o what_o may_v follow_v and_o such_o as_o desire_v he_o may_v retain_v his_o power_n be_v as_o sorry_a for_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o hope_n neither_o can_v they_o who_o do_v not_o believe_v he_o reprehend_v he_o for_o some_o want_v the_o will_n and_o other_o the_o courage_n to_o do_v it_o no_o man_n whether_o he_o bebelieved_a his_o speech_n or_o not_o dare_v commend_v it_o because_o a_o great_a many_o be_v displease_v with_o it_o and_o as_o many_o afraid_a of_o it_o wherefore_o have_v often_o interrupt_v he_o whilst_o speak_v soon_o after_o he_o have_v do_v they_o unanimous_o beseech_v he_o with_o many_o word_n and_o entreaty_n that_o he_o alone_o will_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o they_o government_n and_o after_o many_o argument_n and_o persuasion_n they_o compel_v he_o as_o it_o be_v to_o accept_v of_o the_o sovereignty_n and_o that_o his_o person_n may_v be_v more_o safe_o preserve_v they_o immediate_o decree_v the_o pay_n of_o his_o guard_n to_o be_v double_a to_o that_o of_o all_o other_o soldier_n thus_o octavius_n caesar_n by_o his_o artifice_n of_o pretend_v to_o lay_v down_o all_o his_o power_n and_o authority_n get_v it_o confirm_v to_o he_o both_o by_o senate_n and_o people_n yet_o that_o he_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v popular_a he_o refuse_v to_o govern_v all_o the_o province_n or_o to_o have_v a_o perpetual_a power_n over_o such_o as_o he_o shall_v take_v care_n of_o therefore_o the_o weak_a and_o inward_a province_n be_v in_o a_o more_o peaceable_a posture_n he_o leave_v to_o the_o senate_n the_o most_o powerful_a and_o outward_a province_n and_o those_o most_o expose_v to_o enemy_n he_o keep_v to_o himself_o say_v than_o he_o desire_v that_o the_o father_n may_v enjoy_v their_o power_n with_o all_o ease_n and_o safety_n while_o â—e_v himself_o shall_v undergo_v all_o the_o labour_n and_o danger_n but_o by_o this_o politic_a contrivance_n he_o render_v the_o senate_n useless_a and_o of_o no_o effect_n and_o by_o this_o he_o engross_v all_o the_o soldier_n and_o militia_n to_o himself_o to_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n be_v leave_v afriâ—k_n and_o numidia_n lybia_n call_v cyrenaiâ—a_n asia_n miâ—or_n greece_n with_o epirus_n dalmatia_n macedonia_n crete_n sicily_n sardinia_n and_o that_o part_n of_o spain_n call_v boetica_fw-la caesar_n keep_v the_o rest_n of_o spain_n all_o gaul_n and_o germany_n as_o also_o syria_n phoenicia_n egypt_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v frontier_n province_n over_o these_o province_n he_o assume_v the_o government_n but_o from_o ten_o year_n well_o remember_v how_o dangerous_a the_o word_n perpetual_a have_v be_v to_o his_o uncle_n julius_n and_o add_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o â—e_n can_v quiet_v they_o he_o will_v quit_v his_o power_n after_o this_o he_o set_v over_o the_o province_n of_o both_o sort_n man_n of_o patrician_n dignity_n but_o over_o egypt_n one_o of_o the_o eqâ—estrain_v rank_a only_o and_o with_o the_o low_a title_n of_o all_o other_o governor_n fear_v lest_o a_o person_n of_o the_o high_a rank_n presume_v upon_o the_o wealth_n and_o situation_n of_o that_o country_n shall_v prove_v dangerous_a to_o the_o roman_a state_n he_o allot_v africa_n and_o asia_n to_o senator_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o province_n to_o praetorian_n but_o forbid_v either_o to_o take_v upon_o they_o this_o employment_n within_o five_o year_n after_o they_o have_v bear_v office_n in_o the_o city_n they_o hold_v their_o government_n but_o for_o a_o year_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o successor_n be_v send_v they_o they_o be_v immediate_o to_o depart_v the_o province_n and_o not_o to_o fail_v of_o be_v at_o rome_n within_o three_o month_n as_o soon_o as_o octavius_n have_v but_o make_v his_o oration_n about_o resign_v his_o command_n and_o distribute_v the_o province_n many_o honour_n be_v confer_v on_o he_o as_o that_o laurel_n shall_v be_v plant_v before_o his_o gate_n in_o the_o palatium_n and_o upon_o those_o tree_n oaken_a garland_n to_o be_v hang_v as_o for_o one_o who_o be_v a_o perpetual_a conqueror_n of_o enemy_n and_o preserver_n of_o citizen_n the_o house_n of_o the_o emperor_n also_o be_v for_o the_o future_a call_v the_o palatium_n or_o palace_n palatium_n not_o by_o any_o decree_n but_o because_o octavius_n live_v on_o the_o palatium_n or_o palatine_a hill_n and_o there_o be_v his_o praetorium_n his_o house_n also_o receive_v some_o dignity_n from_o the_o mount_n itself_o because_o romulus_n live_v there_o therefore_o afterward_o if_o the_o emperor_n be_v remove_v elsewhere_o yet_o the_o house_n be_v still_o call_v palatia_fw-la or_o palace_n immediate_o after_o the_o province_n be_v divide_v and_o all_o public_a affair_n settle_v it_o be_v debate_v in_o the_o senate_n whether_o