States of Germanie against Charles the fift 33. Cardinall Baronio against Philip the second ibidem Why the Nobilitie of Spaine doe hate their King 34. A Weaknesse supposed in Spayne for want of Armes and why it is so 36. Their naturall Pryde a Weaknesse ibid. Description of the Spanish nature 37. Spayne to bee opposed by making Warre with-in their owne Dominions 38. Plantation of Nova Scotia 39. When a Kingdome is perfect and naturallie compacted in it selfe then to bee slow to Warres 41. The definition of a just Warre and our Warres against Spayne proved to bee just 42. Emulation of the Romanes and Carthagenians for vniversall Empyre 43. Agesilaus being but a poore King did invade the Persian Empyre ibidem First confederacie of the Scots with the French sought by Charles Mayne 44. How the Spaniard is proved to bee our enemie ibid. How Scotland is furnished of Men for Warre 46. Nature of leagues with examples auncient and moderne 47. Confederates against Spayne 48. Whether small or grosse Armies to bee sent to Enemie-Countreyes shewed by contemplation of the Turkish Warres 49. The Palatiâ—â—te the most honourable seat for Warres against Spayne 51. King Alexander Hannibell and Iulius Caesar did leade their Armies to more remote Countreyes ibid. Going of His Majestie in person to Spaine 52. The English auncientlie victorious in Spaiâ—e 53. The VVest Indees in the possession of a great Monarch proved to bee an infallible meanes of vniversall Empyre by length of tyme 55. Money the Nerue of Warre and greatest Monarches and States much distressed for want thereof 56. The hudge Moneyes gotten by Charles the fift in Peru 57. The naturall humours of the French Nation ibid. Speculation of Neighbour Calamities during our Peace in this Age going and of our Predecessours troubles many Ages by-gone 58. More of Money and of Men in Scotland now than in the dayes of our Antecessours and the proofe thereof 61. A wicked People doe make a wicked King 63. A Bridge of Golde to bee made for Enemies to passe out vpon ibid. Great Ransome payed by our Predecessors for King David Bruce 64. The Palatinate detained to make a Way for the conquest of Germanie and England 65. A remarkable Conference of Coronell Semple with the Author of this Treatise ibid. Iohn Knoxe against the Regiment of Women 67 The going of His Majesties Navie to Portugall and what a great point is Secrecie in great Enterpryses and the Examples thereof ibid. The Reformation or Innovation of Magistrates and the Commodities or Inconvenients following thereon 68. Plato holdeth That after the current of that great Yeare GOD shall reforme the whole worke of Nature and reduce it to the first puritie ibid. Vtilitie of the Censor amongst the Romanes 70. Commission for Grievances ibid. Great Men not to beare Offices where they dwell 76. Two of one Familie not to bee of one Session of Iudges 77. Reformation of Advocates most necessarie of anie thing with the Examples of Kings and States Enemies to the Trade of Advocation 78. Lewis the eleventh of France did revoâ—ke and annull Heritable Shyreâ—â—ships 81. Abuses of late erected Lordships of Church Landâ—s necessarie to bee reformed 82. If the Domaine of Regall Crownes or of Republickes bee allienable 83. Noble Men are the Shadowes and Reflects of Kings 84. Why the Lyues of Kinges are so precious 85. The last Convention of the Estates of Scotland and His Majesties Revocation 86. The first Donation of the Crown Lands and division of them in Baronies ibid. Ritches did spoyle the Pietie of the Church 89. Before the separation of the Church of Rome made by Luther the hundreth part of Christian People did possesse more than the tenth part of the Revenewes 90. The number of Ecclesiasticall Prelasies Benefices Churches Curies of France ibid. The nature of Tenthes 91. The first Dedication of Tenthes in Scotland 94. Puritanes foolishlie opposed to the Pope's Church in good things 96. Mysterie of Number 98. The Vnitie doeth represent GOD 99. The Number 7 is proper to the Creation Induration and finall Glorification of the World 100. The Novenarie doeth comprehende the whole Species of Nature Man excepted 101. Ten is the Quotient or fulnesse of Nature 102. Man was the first Tenth ibid. CHRIST was the second and perfect Tenth 103 Two sort of Puritanes opponents to Episcopall Rents and Governament discordant amongst themselues 106. Persecution of Iulian worse than of Dioâ—lâ—sian 107. Plantation of our Northerne Yles and Hielards a most Royall and most necessarie Policie 108. Battell of Hare-law 109. Abuses and Oppressions by way of Tenthes to bee reformed 110. Discourse of the Nature and Course of Moneyes 112. What Benefite or Inconvenient vpon the heighting of Money 113. What Order to bee taken with Moneys kept vp in the Hands of Merchands 117. Decay of our Shipping how to bee restored 118. Prodigall Persons ancientlie interdicted and punished by Lawes 119. Against the vse of Silver Plate and guilding 120. Ferdinandus Magnâ—s of Spayne Charles the ninth of France and manie great Princes did sell their Silver Plate or reduce it in Coyne 121. Prescription for Dyet and Apparell practised by great States in time of publicke Distresses 122. Speach to the King's Majestie 123. Wisdome of Augustus in making away of his Enemies 124. Who are Enemies to His Majesties Person or to his Governament ibid. Vigilance necessarie over the admission of Bishops and Ministers in the Church 126. Honour done by Augustus to the Romane Senate ibid. Condition of Senaters chosen by Augustus 127. Great Affection of King Darius to an olde faythfull Counseller 128. Mechanicke Vertues and Diligence of Augustus 129. Watchfulnesse of the Parsian Monarches over their Finances ibid. Supplication in Favours of the Subjects of Scotland 132. The admirable Magnanimitie of Alexander the Great whilst he wanted Moneys 133. Finis Tabulae Death of our late Soveraigne His late Majesties death followed with great feares of his Subjects Causes of our feares what these be The King of Spayâ—e and the Pope troublers of Christian Princes Ambition of Spaine different from that of the Romanes Different from that of their Predecessours The origine and Antiquitie of the present house of Spayne Notable punishment of Lust in Princes Pelagius Pelagius honoured of the World Ferdinandus Magnus Ferdinando Santo Charles the fift Emperour Contrapoyse of Christian 〈◊〉 warranded in Naâ—ure Hieron King of Syras Philip the second King of Spaine his first action his Marriage in England Spanish Inquisition his second action His third action the betraying of the King of Portugall his Cosin His fourth action was to plot the holie Leâ—gue in France against Don Antonio Philip did also practise the Protestants of France Elizabeth Queene of England The Voyage of the English Navie to Portugall vnder Queene Elizabeth Antonio Peâ—es wrongeth the English in in his relation of that Voyage Too strict limitation of Generals in VVarre hurtfull The Patience and Wisdome of Fabius Maximus The first thing to bee observed of the former
our Eyes a short way even to the beginning of Charls the fift the Grandsire of this present King there wee shall see the swift march of that Ambition so farre that if they had brooked that which they gripped since then they had matched the Romanes for dilatation of Empyre in the lyke tract of tyme. The generous Romanes did not found their Empyre vpon Oppression and Spoyle nor rayse it by Artes of Tyrannie They were a just and magnanin ious People concitate by GOD to deliver the Oppressed and purge the Worlde from prowde Tyrants to introduce Communitie of Conversation amongst Countreys Common Lawes of Iustice Civill Policie and Learning for the which sayeth one of the Fathers that GOD did favour their Empyre and the growing therâ—-of Donec eo tandem deventum esset sayth he ut sieret totus terrarum orbis quasi unum cultissimâ—m imperiirus That it came to passe that the whole Worlde was as a well manured Husbandrie or Fame of that Empyre Where by the contrarie these late Kings of Spayne haue not onelie interverted the moste laudable and vertuous Ambition begun and prosequuted manie yeeres by their Predecessours for plantation of Religion and Policie amongst the Insidels of Africke of the Levantine Indies and diverse Yles of the Mayne Occean but they haue turned vp-syde downe this Christian Ambition as fayre Lucifer did change himselfe into a Devill and haue converted the Edge there-of to the confusion of the fayrest Countreys of Europe so sufficientlie adorned with Pietie Iustice and Policie that they might haue beene called The Gemmes of the Worlde And if the Moneyes and Forces of Armes which haue beene spent to the sackage of these within an hundreth yeares gone had beene employed against Barbarians and Ignorants of GOD then the best part of Africke of the Easterne and Westerne â—dies might haue beene at this day vnder the peaceable Dominiâ— of that King and hee by that Conquest more justlie called a Catholicke King as may bee easilie vnderstoode by the Stories extant of the prosperous and happie beginninges of his Antecessours against the Infidels of those Nations vvhich because it doeth most clearlie paint out the vglie and odious Face of his detestable and execrable Ambition I thinke it not amisse to make a short Relation there-of out of their owne Histories About some more than 800 yeares by-gone Roderico a Christian King of the Gothes in Spayne having ravished and deflored the Daughter of the Earle Iuliano his owne Subject was casten out from his Kingdome slayne by Tariffio a Barbarian king brought from Africke by meanes of the sayde Iuliano for just revenge of the ignominie done to him Those Barbarians did possesse the whole Countrey few Cities excepted of Spayne with the vtter exterminion of the Gothicke Empyre and were begun to spreade them-selues over the Perenees when Pelagius sonne of the Duke of Biscaglia of vvhome is descended this present King of Spayne by succession not yet interrupted having a Sister of rare beautie in lyke sort violented and raped by a Cosin of this Barbarian King and beeing a great spirit full of Valour and Pietie both hee did plot some Stratagems for the revenge of this injurie where-in his cowrage and good fortune were so conspicuous that the Gothes now oppressed by the Barbarian servitude did comfort him to publicke Armes for restitution of their Christian Libertie where-in hee made so good progresse that they did elect and erect him to their Kingdome The Ravishment of the Daughter of Iuliano was the introduction of the Moores in Spayne and the dejection of the Gothicke Dominion The Rape of the Sister of Pelagius did procure the restitution of the same and the ejection of that Barbarian King There is not certainlie a Vyce which hath procured greater ruine to mightie Princes than this of raging and voluptuous Lust. Tyrannie hath throwne out manie from their Crownes but moe yet haue beene cast out by Immunditie Be-lyke as beeing a gâ—osse loâ—rde and sensuall Vice the LORD doth more punish it iâ— Princes than private men who are set vp aboue their People to spreade abroad the Rayes of their exemplarie Pietie and Vertue This Pelagius did spende the rest of his dayes against those Infidels whom hee swept out of diverse corners of that Countrey although they were so numerous at that tyme that there were found of them in one Battell in Aquitane 400000 which made the VVorld adore in a sort his Name because hee was the first Prince who with extraordinarie zeale did enterpryse holie and heroicke VVarres against those impious Barbarians who were begun to treade over all Christian People Vertuous beginnings if with length of tyme they grow to large extent of Prosperitie they are much honoured by after-comming Ages and great reason for why the Tree how tall soever it bee in the Fielde yet it was once all in the Seede This is the just Rewarde of Vertue past and the chiefe Spurre of that which is to come This Pelagius is most renowned in the Histories Buchanan amongst others in his Iure regni apud Scotos doeth introduce him for the Image of a most vertuous and temperate Prince The second of these Kings memorable in Histories was Ferdinando called Magno who no lesse than Pelagius to the glorie of GOD and his immortall fame did pacifie his Controversies with some Christian Neighbours to his great disadvantage to manage Warres against the Moores of whom hee over-threw and banished the King of Toledo and the King of Siviglia with all their People This Prince is so honoured by their Wryters for a wonderfull temperament that was in him of fiercenesse against the Barbarians and religious humilitie of carriage and conversation with his Subjects that they doe equall him vnto that perfect Cavalliere that Virgill descrybeth in the person of Aeneas For the third I will remember Ferdinando called Santo who did holilie bend him-selfe to cleanse the Countrey of Spayne from the remnant of that Vermine with such zeale and fervour that hee was noted thus to speake of the Ambition of Princes that in their Warres they had diverse ends some Vindication some Extention of Dominions some Glorie of the World and loue of Popular Ayre and all these sayde hee were vaine as David speaketh of them Periit memoria illorum cum sonitu Their mâ—morie passeth away with that same sound which doeth so much inveagle them for the tyme. Others sayde hee haue for the scope of their Warres Iustice and the Peace of People and these doe not willinglie moue Warres but for succouring of the Oppressed and extinction of Pryde and Tyrannie And lastlie others for propogation of the Fayth and that sayde hee is the top of all Glorie to bee purchased by Warres Although hee saide that seldome were Christian Princes happie in that sort to haue their designes in Warre simple and incommixed vvith Ambition Pride or Avarâ—ce vvhichâ— saide hee vvas the true reason vvhy Christian Empyres
to bee lamented eternallie that those Parricidies committed now in Spayne after the manner of the Mahumetane Superstition not as Crymes to bee repented but as Religious Traditions and Deeds of great Merite when the life of one Man or a few Men if it were of our Brethren or Children are taken and sacrificed for preservation of the publicke Tranquillitie both of Church and State chiefelie in great and Monarchicall Kingdomes where Religion doeth shoot out with a growing and flowrishing Empyre Alace is not this the Fyre of Moloch and the sacrificing of our Children to those bloodie and savage Gods This is a Fascination and stupiditie of the Mynde in the highest Degree And heere it is where that powerfull Circe of Superstition hath transformed those Kings reallie into Beastes that wittinglie and willinglie they haue cast off both Sence and as it were Shape of Humanitie that the greatest Vlysses of the World is not able by anie Oratorie to reclaime them In the meane-time it is a Case that doeth admonish Neighbour-Princes to bee of constant Pietie and Devotion towards GOD and their Domesticke Servants to bee vigilant and studious for the avoyding of that kinde of claudestine Dangers And O what great cause wee haue to render thankes to the MOST HIGH for that that our late Soveraigne of blessed memorie did escape the Insidiation and bloodie Knyfe of such Butchers hee who was the most conspicuous Marke whereat they did shoot and of whom their curious casters of Horosâ—ops and malignant Astrologues did so often prognosticate that his ende should not bee peaceable Fourthlle wee are to weigh the Strength and Soliditie of this great and growing Empyre to see if wee can explore and finde out anie Weaknesse Breach or Advantage to bee gained since they are our Capitall and mightie Enemies of whom it is not likelie that long wee shall bee fred Al-be-it it be true that it is not so much governed by the Sword as by Graue and Sage Councell which is never a whit diverted from their Plots and Purposes by the death of anie King where-in standeth no Question a chiefe point of the Firmnesse and Perpetuitie thereof Yet it cannot bee denyed that for aboundance of Money for militarie Discipline and for great numbers of good Souldiours which three bee as the Nerves Veines and grosse Bodie of the Warres they too farre exceede their Neighbours Alwayes for the first I say that the light of Reason sheweth mee that the greater Fortitude doeth aye consist in the greater Vnion Vis vnita fortior There is no perfect Strength but in GOD because there is nothing meerelie and simplie Vnike but GOD The Strength of Nature dependeth from her Compaction Vnion and Sympathie of her well-conjoyned Members This made Augustus to abandone and neglect the Longinque Provinces beyond Caucasus and Taurus and here in Great Britane by mayntaynance where-of they did receiue greater domage than could bee countervalued by anie Benefit to bee had there-fra in time of Peace saying that as there were two Defaultes that made the naturall Bodie imperfect that which was too small and vnder a proportion naturall and againe that which was aboue too big superstuous and vnwealdie called by the Physitions Plethera and Endeiat Even so it was in the Civill Bodie of the State and there-fore did hee recommend to his Successor the Limitation of the Empyre vnited and consolidated within the Marches of Euphrates Danubius and the Westerne Occean forbearing to haue more care of the most remote and disjoynted Provinces which did not other but teach the Discipline militare to barbarous Nations who were ignorant of it Where-vpon sayeth Tacitus Longa oblivio Britanniae etiam in pace consilium id Augustus vocavit maxime Tiberius Henrie King of Castile who died Anno 1217 without Children having two Sisters of whom the elder had beene married to Lewes the eight of France the youngest to Alphonsus King of Leon in Spaine The Castilians by publicke Parliament did declare the youngest to the Crowne of Castile albeit against their Law yet convenient in the nature of things sayde they seeing Castile and Leon were Cosines and easilie did incorporate they had one Language and Manners nothing different where-as France was naturallie divided from them by the Mounts Pirenees of diverse Languages and discrepant Manners thinges difficill to bee vnited vnder one King Of Examples of this kynde the Histories bee full of Princes and States who stryving to possesse thinges farre removed and dis-joyned from them and disconvenient in Nature albeit their Titles to them were just yet after manie yeares enjoying of theÌ„ with much Warre Trouble they haue bene in end forced to quite them being things altogether improfitable aâ— the English of Aquitane and Guyen the French of Naples the Venetians of Pisa and some Territories of Genua the Germane Emperour of some Cities in Italie of all which they haue nothing this day but the Burials of their Predecessours in which respect to returne to the purpose I may say of the Spanyard that it is not all Gold that glistereth his great Empyre is patched of things dismembred discommodious and disconvenient in Nature hee hath Navarre divided by the Pirenees in part and naturallie incorporate to the mightie Kingdome of France hee hath Milan divided by the Alpes Naples by both those and by the Apemmie too and both but members of the bodie of Italie Flaunders separated by interjection of France and Switzerland the Indees by the great Occean that if wee shall consider all the mightiest Monarkes wee shall finde none so weake and obnoxious in that behalfe so farre that it is more easie for France England Holland and Denmarke to put into Spaine 50000 Souldiours than for Spaine it selfe to transport thither from their owne Provinces 20000. Againe Kings are set aboue their People as the Sunne aboue the Earth and Seas who draweth vp the Moistures where-with hee doeth partlie feed his owne Flames and partlie converteth them in Raines to refresh the Seas and nowrish the Earth yet it is thought that hee beholdeth his Provinces often-times as Clowds without Raine hee draweth nothing from them but glorious and airie Titles of Ambition yea hee must goe search the Bellie of the Earth vnder another Hemispheare to sucke the Vapours that must entertaine them for if it were not by his Treasures of the Indees it is judged that hee were not able to brooke them The yeare of their last Pacification with Holland I did heare into Brusels by some of his entire Counsellours that since the first entrie of those VVarres hee had spended of his proper Fiances aboue the Rents of Flaunders 60 Millions I did heare about that same tyme at Naples and Milan by those of good intelligence in his Affaires that his whole Revenewes there were morgadged and that hee was greatlie indebted aboue and that hee was often-tymes so scarced of Moneyes that at Antwerpe Genuâ— and other Bankes hee did pay more than
into Africke they did sende Hanniball with strong Forces into Italie to keepe them at home where-of sayeth the same Scipio in the same place and to the same purpose Sed quid veteribus externisque exemplis opus est majus praesentiusque â—llum esse exemplum quant Hanniball potest From the same ground yet the Romanes by sending of Scipio to make VVarre in Africke made Hanniball constrainedlie to bee called out of Italie Quasi eodem telo saepius retorto sayeth one as by a naturall necessarie and ordinarie meane for keeping of anie State peaceable and free from Enemie-Invasion namelie of the weaker from the more mightie For even in lyke manner when the great Persian Monarchs did often afflict the weake and dismembered Estates of Greece gaping at length after the conquest of all Agesilaus King of Lacedemon pitying his Countreys Calamitâ—e and to divert those mightie Kinges from Greece he did put him-selfe with a maine Armie into the midst of Persia where hee did so daunt the pryde of Xerxes that it behooved him to practise the same Policie for Liberation of his Kingdomes from Forraigne Powers hee sent 10000 great pieces of Golde bearing the Image of an Archer on the one side the current Stampe then of his Coyne to corrupt as it did the Orators of Athens and Thebes and concitate the People to make Warre to Lacedemon in absence of their King and Countreyes Forces where-vpon the Ephorie were compelled to recall Agesilaus who in his returning saide that 10000 Persian Arcbers had chased him out of Asia Againe of the lyke practise to this of Xerxes with Athens and Thebes for mooving and keeping of Warres in Enemie-Countreyes that wee may remaine within our selues free from their Invasion wee reade in the Histories of Scotland that the renowned Prince Charles Magne having an holie and Christian Resolution to prosecure as hee did Warres against the Barbarians and finding the English begun in their prosperitie to crosse the Seas and to molest the Borders of his Kingdome of France hee sent Ambassadours to Aebains King of Scotland to negotiate with him a perpetuall League in these Termes that when-so-ever the English should molest either of their Countreyes the other should moue Warre to England and so constraine them to call home their Armies Which after great Controversies of Opinions amongst the Scottish Nobilitie and frequent Orations of the French Ambassadours was finallie concluded and stood to by their Successours in all tyme following with often mutuall Advantages against their Common Enemie For late Examples I haue alreadie tolde you how King Philip made Warres in France and intended against England and that to the ende they should retire their Forces from Portugall Hanniball did ever affirme namelie to King Antiochus that it was impossible to vanquish the Romanes but at home in Italie as the same Livius doeth testifie Now I thinke yee will come to the Hypothesis and put mee to prooue that the Spanyard is that mightie Enemie who intendeth to trouble this Kingdome That hee is mightie a great deale aboue that which wee would wish I haue alreadie showed and that hee is our Enemie not onelie by actions intended or projected but diverslie alreadie attempted these are the Circumstances which doe qualifie it First he is Enemie to all Christian States by the vniversalitie of his Ambition Ergo also to vs Secondlie his Grandsire Philip the second did once obtaine a matrimoniall right to the Crowne of England by his marriage with Queene Marie Thirdlie a Papall right by excommunication of Queene Elizabeth Fourthlie hee did set foorth a great Armada to haue reconquered it as is before rehearsed Fyftlie hee hath ever since and as I thinke doeth yet maintaine with-in it a claudestine Traffique of Iesuites and Seminarie Priests to alienate the Hearts of Subjects from their naturall King or to keepe them vmbragious and suspended in myndes vntill his better occasion And I doe thinke that besides Ambition puissing him there-vnto there bee no Neighbour-States that hee so much feareth by reason of their strong and skilfull Navigation as yee will heare heere-after more particularlie But this King that nowe is in Spayne hath proceeded farther hee hath reft and taken away the whole estate of the Palatine who is Brother-in-law to His Majestie our Soveraigne and by that deede hath made this Warre to bee defensiue to vs Non enim nobis solum nati c. Wee are not onelie borne to our selues but our Prince our Parents our Children our Friendes Common-wealth and Religion everie of these haue their owne part and interesse in vs and all these together doe concurre to move vs to so just a Warre so far that if that Prince Palatine were not linked to vs by so near Allyance and by communion of one Fayth yet Tum tua res agitur paries dum proximus ardet the propulsion of a fearfull Enemie approaching nearer to our Coastes and seeking to do mineire over all is sufficient enough to make all the braue Heartes of Christendome to boyle Besides these hee hath put vpon vs intollerable Indignities in a verie high degree hee hath made vs by false and persidious Promises to bee as indifferent beholders of his conquest of the Palâ—tinate yea more to facilitate his engresse there-to hee hath made vs to seeke Peace perhaps to haue beene accepted vpon disadvantagious Conditions and hath refused the same And hee who refuseth Peace by necessarie consequence doeth intende Warre The marriage of our King hath beene agitated by him and illuded and hee who doeth containe so neare friendship of Neighbours appearinglie intendeth to bee their Superiour And so hee hath left vs no hope of Peace but in Armes therefore wee may conclude with that Captaine of the Volsques of whom I spake before Iustum est Bellum quibus est necessarium pia Arma quibus nulla nis◠〈◊〉 Armiâ— relinquitur spes Their Warre is just whose Warre is necessarie and their Armes bolie to whom there is no hope relinquished but in Armes Since then I holde it granted that of necessitie there must bee Warres it followeth to consider the Forces to bee employed there-to and those must either bee properlie our owne or of conjoyned Confederates Wee are bred into and doe inhabite a Northerne Region naturallie generatiue of great Multitudes of more bellicole kynde and of more robust Bodies than those of the Southerne Climates And al-be-it wee haue for the first face but small opinion of our vulgar sort because an hard condition of living hath some-what dejected their Hearts during these late vnfruitfull Yeares yet there bee manie strong Persons of Men amongst them who pressed for the Milice and once made acquainted there-with and being fred from the Povertie and Basenesse of their carriage they will more gladlie follow the Warres than the Plough Wee haue numbers of braue Gentle-men wanting vertuous Employments and for the most part necessarie Meanes Wee reade in our Countrey Annals how our auncient
Kings did lose in Battels yea and frequent Battels ten or twentie or thirtie thousand Men when Scotland was not so populous What should wee then doubt nor wee bee able now to make great numbers and that is alwyse easilie tryed by Rolles of Weapon-showes if they bee diligentlie noted and so what doe wee lacke of Warre but Armour Discipline and Mayntaynance And certainlie it is strange that in this great appearance of Warres the two or three yeares by-gone no order hath bene given to bring able men vnder Discipline Wee heare and haue read that even in Spaine when the Countrey-Youthes of vulgar kinde are in-rolled for the Milice and brought to Cities for Discipline they doe looke as most vile and abject Slaues if one haue Sockes hee wanteth Shooes and manie doe want both if another haue Breaches hee wanteth the Doublet pitifull Bodies and our of countenance but when they bee exercised during two Moneths and once put into Apparell then they are seene of most haughtie Carriage and to walke as Captaines in the Streets Why then are wee not to expect the lyke of our People if lyke paines were taken and if in everie Shyre 〈◊〉 Men expert in the Souldierie were set a-worke to in-roll and bring vnder Captâ—ines and Discipline those who were most fitting for the Warres no doubt but our basest Clownes should grow both to civill conversation and cowrage There hath never beene yet anie great State carelesse of the Militarie Seminaries not in times of most solemne and sworne Peace As for Allyance Leagues or Confederacio in Warres they are indeede not onelie necessarie but as I haue saide before even naturall to bee for the safetie of smaller States or Princes from the tyrannie and violence of the mightier But with-all they haue beene often-times subject to one of two great Inconveniences either to Pryde for Preferment or Prioritie of place during Warres where-thorow what dangers did ensue in that famous Confederacie for the Battell of Lepanto because of emulation betwixt Don Iohn de Austria and Vinieri the Admirall of Venice the Storie doeth beare it at length and al-be-it it pleased GOD in His mercie to favour the present action yet the rememberance of that Contestation did debrash all farther prosecution of that glorious and holie Enterpryse and vtterlie dissolue that Christian Vnion Neyther is it a new thing al-though I bring this late Example for it The Romanes in their beginnings being confederate with the Latines in a League offensiue and defensiue the Latines did challange Paritie of Governement Si societas aequaâ—io juris est sayeth Livius cur non omnia aequantur cur non alter ab Latinis Consul datur vbi pars vivium ibi imperij pars Tum consul Rom audi Iupiter baec scelera perigrinos Consules c. If societie bee an equalitie of things Why are not all things made equall to vs and why should not one of the two Consuls bee a Latine Where-vnto the Romanes did answere by attesting Iupiter that it was an impious demande to haue a stranger Consullover them Or againe Leagues are subject to fraudfull desertion of some of the Sociation in time of greatest Danger Wherof the World is full of daylie experience I will remember that of Lodowicke Duke of Milan who vpon malice against the Aragones of Naples did procure King Charles the eight of France pretending some Title to Naples to bring a great Armie into Italie joyned with him a Confederacie of divers of his Friends in Italie But seeing the said King to passe thorow so fortunatelie and to behaue him-selfe as a Conquerour in manie of their Townes and to enter peaceablie in Naples without that anie Teeth were showed against him as the King returned from Naples home-ward the same Duke did negotiâ—te a League of the greatest PoteÌ„tates against him who did constrayne him to fight a Battell at Forum Novum vnder the Apennine where hee did hardlie escape with his lyfe although hee over-threwe them I haue tolde you alreadie how Philip the second of Spayne did desert Don Sebastian of Portugall and betray him by a League but of all Examples for this Purpose that is most remarkable of the Confederacie drawne by Charles of Burgundie with the whole Princes of France agaynst Lewis the eleventh where-vnto they were so bended and willing that they did call it Bellum pro Rep. A Warre vnder-gone for the Common-wealth Which Confederacie that subtill King did dissolue as Clowds dispersed with the Wind before they could grow to Raine where-vpon sayeth the Wryter of the Historie De Comines That hee holdeth one partie stronger for him-selfe who doeth command absolutelie over 10000 than are ten Confederates against him al-be-it everie of them doeth command over 6000. To come to our Purpose There are as manie Christian Princes and States true Enemies to the Spanyard as are able to devoure him in two or three Yeares if it were possible to contract amongst them a Confederacie or League of Salt that is to say which might endure without Corruption of Fraude or Emulation And therefore heere must I say that all the Actions belonging to a King are of light importance compared to this to maturelie deliberate both of his owne Forces and of the trustinesse of Confederates before hee doe enterpryze VVare Alwyse when wee take but a single view of our Associates against Spayne wee should thinke it strange why they may not stand vnited beeing al-readie conjoyned by Viâ—initie of Neighbour-hood by Consanguinitie Affinitie communion of one Cause against a Common Enemie communion of one Fayth connected I say everie one of them by diverse of these Bandes our Soveraigne the King of Great Britane the French King his Brother-in-law the King of Denmarke his Vncle the Princes of Germanie all knit to the Prince Palatine eyther in Blood in Religion or participation of one Feare of the House of Austria the Duke of Savoy who lyeth nearest to the Thunders and Threats of Spayne having a great part of his Territories circumscribed by them the Venetians who beholde his Garrisons daylie vpon their Frontiers gaping for some good oportunitie of Assault Holland and her Estates who haue beene so long protected and as it were fostered in the Bosome of the Crowne of England now who would not conjecture that this Tygers VVhelpe might bee surelie impailed amidst those mightie Hunters and that it were easie for them to bring him to his latter sweate I scorne heere to call in question what invincible Armies they might assemble by Sea and Land sufficient to robbe him of all that hee hath for it is thought that if after the taking in of Portugall England France Holland and other Confederates had then put into it amongst them all but 30000 Men with sufficient Shipping and Munition they had beene bastant to recover it and King Philip had beene forced to forbeare from the farther troubling of France or Holland And yet to treat this Point of so
great Consequence with Candor and Sinceritie I finde that Men of great experience for Warre doe holde opinion contrarie to this beeing of the mynde of King Francis the first who saide that longsome VVarres and small Armies served rather to exercise Men in the Artes Militarie than to daunt the Enemie and that without grosse Armies and quicke dispatch it was not possible to compasse great Enterpryses saying with-all that the Maintainance of small Armies and longsome VVarres was much more chargeable than the other They tell vs that the Empyre of the Turke beginneth to decline for his Pretermission of two thinges which his Predecessours did obserue and follow One that hee goeth not in person to bee over his Armies as they did another that they are not so numerous and grosse as they had them and that light exploits and often leading of small Armies to and froe doeth but teach the Milice to his Enemies and spoyle his owne Countreyes thorow vvhich his Souldiours so frequentlie doe passe Where-of they giue vs this Example Amurat the third kept vnder the commandement of his Bussaes a lingering VVarre of more than twelue Yeares employing not verie great Armies against the Persian vvhere-by al-be-it hee conquered great partes of his Countreyes yet vvere his Losses knowne to bee greater because hee spended the Flowre of his Forces of young Souldiours and lustie Horses 200000 Horses and more than 500000 Men from the beginning to the ende and made desolate the Countreyes that hee tooke in so farre that Osman Bassa alone besides what vvas done by others did cast to the ground and burne 100000 Houses besides that the Persians their Enemies during that great length of tyme did become more skilfull Warriours than themselues The Spanish Warres against Holland Zealand and Friezland haue vvrought the same Effects Agesilaus King of Lacedemonia in his longsome Warres against the Thebaus having one day received a dangerous Blow in his Person was tolde by one of his Friends that hee deserved vvell to haue it because hee had taught his Enemies to bee good Souldiours I confesse indeede that in this point of teaching the Arte Militarie to Enemies vvee can lose nothing beeing rather to learne from them but whether the employing of small or grosie Armies against them shall bee most hurtfull to them before vvee say to that wee must consider vvhat parts of his Dominions doe lye most open for our Invasion and most easilie and profitablie brooked for I take it also as granted that as there must bee Warres so they must bee with-out our Countrey and into that of the Enemie Never an actiue Prince was knowne to looke on vntill the Enemie should bee seene with-in his Bowels There be thousands of Examples of Ignorants who by so doing haue cast away their Kingdome from them-selues Antiochus Persius Iuba Ptolome the last of Aegypt Darius some of the French Kings as King Iohn taken vvith-in his owne Countreyes by Edward the Blacke Prince of England And for this cause Philip of France called the Conquerer vnderstanding that the Emperour Otho the second and the King of England were to assault his Kingdome hee fortified sundrie strong places and led his Armie without the Frontiers vvhere hee did combate and defeat them Wee reade in our Scottish Histories how frequentlie Armies haue bene convoyed beyond our Marches to find the Enemie before he should enter amongst vs. So long as a Countrey is free from open Hostilitie as long it doeth not feele extreame Calamitie sayeth Scipiâ— Afric for putting of Armies into Africke Plus animi est inferenti periculum quam propulsanti ad hoc major ignotarum rerum est terror c. The Assaulters of anie Countrey must haue greater cowrage than the Defendants who having moâ— things and more deare in perill their Houses their Ritâ—â—es VVyues and Children are more taken with feare besides being with-in the Enemies Countrey yee doe discover all his weaknesses whylst your strength and possibilities the more they bee vnknowne to him they doe the more encrease his terrour But to speake of places in generall most proper for this VVarre there is none more honourable than the Palatinate al-be-it most difficill to come vnto by reason of remotenesse from the Sea without the restitution where-of there can remaine no credite with the parties and Princes of the League I heard a Scottish Captaine of good experience in those Countreyes latelie say to mee that it was impossible to recover the Palatinate but by Sea Advantages over the Spanyard because it was so farre remooved from Friends and I did aske him how the late Prince of Parma did leade 10000 Men to Paris in the Teeth of a mightie King amidst his Armies hee answered mee that those were carried as in Trenches and the way was easie without impediment of Mountaines or Rivers Againe I demanded how did the Christian Kings ancientlie of England Scotland and France convoy their Armies to the holie VVarres of Hierusalem and most part over Land or how Alexander the Great an Armie of with-in 40000 from Macedon to the Easterne Occean and did subjugate all the Nations by the way or how Iulius Caesar a smaller by the one halfe from the occident of France to Pharsalia in Greece or Hanniball from Carthage by the way of Spaine and France thorow so manie alpestiere and precipitious Mountaines even to Naples and brooked Italie fifteene Yeares Although themselues were excellent and incomparable Captaines and of extravagant Fortunes yet their Souldiours appearinglie haue beene but such Men as doe yet liue in the VVorld the difference and ods of Tymes excepted for softnesse and Delicacie in some and contemplation and loue of Letters in others haue so daunted and as it were emasculate the cowrage of Men who now are that none is able to endure that austeritie and hardnesse of living with Hanniball him-selfe let bee his Souldiours The next Fielde fitting for this VVarre is that which were most easie to come vnto and likelie to bring the Businesse to a short and prosperous Ende and this is the Countrey of VVest Flanders if this fatall Iealousie of Neighbour-Princes which hath beene so manie tymes contrarious to the best Designes and Enterpryses of Christendome did not heere with-stand that is to say if the French King did not call to mynde how that was the Port where-at ancientlie the English did so often enter to trouble his Predecessours It is a wonderfull thing if Kings so nearelie allyed and so nearelie touched by one Common Danger cannot bee assured from mutuall Iealousies in the meane tyme Nulla fides regni sociis Therefore leaving that to the Event which GOD shall grant I will speake of putting Armies into Spayne by Sea wherevnto it may bee yee will object the small Successes now of a second Navigation of the English to Portugall and that His Majestie had better kept his Navie at home Careat successibus opto quisquis ab eventu facta not and a putet
the thing which would determine their Emulation as I haue said before they fought cruell Battels for it The Carthagenians had it and lost it often At length it did incline to the Romanes and with it the Soveraignitie also of Empyre Wee cannot erre to thinke that never a Monarch or mightie State did possesse such probable Meanes and such inexhaustable Mines more commodious for Extension and vniversalitie of Dominion as are the West Indees to the Spanyard if hee bee suffered to enjoye them peaceablie together with the other ritch Mines of Silver and great Revenewes that hee hath else-where Plinius helde Spayne the ritchest for Silver Mines in the World then in his tyme It is wonderfull sayde hee to see one onlie Silver Mine in Spayne broken vp by Hanniball and which yeelded to him 300 pound weight daylie to continue still now vnder Vespasian Hee hath diverse of the most fruitfull and questuous Countreyes of Europe as Naples Milane Sicilie Flanders beeing all of the Superlatiue Degree for Ritches and for vertuous Traffickes which are the Fountaynes from whence Ritches flow so it is indeed for wee reade in the Histories that Charles the fift of Spayne Emperour did draw yearlie more Moneyes out of the Dutchie of Milan than King Francis the first who lived with him did from whole France and more out of the Low-Countreyes than the King of England of his whole Kingdomes This is affirmed by French Wryters It beeing so may not I say with good vvarrand that saving Fatalitie and the secret providence of GOD the Kinges of Spayne shall bee once Masters of the Occidentall Worlde except that Neighbour Princes and States take it more in heart to oppose him than hither-to they haue done Bioâ— the Philosopher sayde that Money was the Nerue of Action and of all the Effayres of Men. And of him sayeth Plutarch that his speach doeth most touch the Actions of Warre where-in there was no doing at all without Money For why sayde hee a Captayne hath onlie two thinges to goe about eyther to draw Men together for Services of Warre or being together to leade them to their Services vvhere-of he can doe neyther vvithout Money Thucitides sayth that the People of Pelop. did often vexe them-selues and over-runne their owne Territories by short Warres and small Exployts because of their Povertie and want of Money to attende Warres The Foundator of that State Lycurgâ—s having by a Law prohibited the vse of Money there Agesil their King were into Aegypt with great Forces to bee mercenarie and serue for Money where-with hee might bee able to keep VVarres agaynst the Theb. who had almost ruinated his Countrey Alexander the Great before hee enterpryzed his VVarres did alienate what-so-ever hee had for provision of Money leaving no-thing to him-selfe but Hope Pompey the Great the tyme of his VVarres in Spayne agaynst Sertorius hee wrote to the Senate that if they did not sende him quicklie store of Money his Armie would goe from that Province Hanniball after he had defeated the Romanes by three great Battels did wryte as much to Carthage So if Money bee the strength of humane Actions as Bion sayde and principallie of Warre as Plutarch did subjoyne I say it is a thing no lesse than fearfull to suffer the Spanyard to brooke peaceablie his Traffique of the West Indees having there-by a greater meanes to enlarge his Dominions than either Rome or anie others haue hitherto had that of Rome was the greatest of anie tymes past Plinius calleth it a Sunne-shyning to the World but when their Towne was taken by the Gaules who were irritated by the vnjust dealing of the three Fabli they were forced to robbe their People of their whole Golde and Silver and did scarcelie finde so much as to pay the Ransome manie yeares there-after when they were so broken by Hanniball they were compelled to doe the same and were in such paine for want of Money that they had no meanes to redeeme 8000 Prisoners who were taken by him at the Battell of Cannas Now I doe not doubt but some Men will thinke that I haue sayde too much in affirming That the West Indees and Moneyes which the Spanyard hath may by length and tract of Tyme purchase vnto him the Western VVorld therefore I would preasse to show it this way By posing the Case that two things may concurre together which are possible enough to meere by progresse of Tyme First If the Spanyard should light at once vpon the lyke Treasure as hee got at the taking in of Peru where there was such plentie of Golde and Silver that the Bottle of Wyne was solde for 300 Duckates there a Spanish Cape at 1000 a Gennet of Spayne at 6000. And besides the fift part of all Moneyes generall in that Countrey payed to the King Charles the fift the king there-of Atabalipa payed to him for his Ransome ten Millions three hundreth twentie and sixe thousand Duckates in pure Golde at one tyme which was the first thing that made in these Countreyes of Europe the great alteration of all sorte of Merchandize Vivers and of the pryces of Land and al-most of the Manners of Men even as it fell out in Rome when Iul. Caes. brought thither the ritch Spoyles and Treasures of Aegypt that made vpon the sudden the Vsurie of Money to be diminished by the one halfe and the pryce of Land to be haughted by the other halfe For the second I put the Case that together with this Casualitie the Spanyard should finde the Humours of France so easie to bee practised and such Distemper and Distraction of Myndes amongst them as his Grand-father Philip the second did finde then when hee broached the holie League in France If these two should meere I put it to anie Man's contemplation if anie lesse could follow there-on than the conjunction of France to the Empyre of Spayne which Philip had even then obtayned if his Conquest of Portugall had not diverted him from it And may not these supposed two Cases arriue and come to passe together Vnlesse the vigilance and diligence of Neighbour Princes doe stop the Wayes where-by they must come assuredlie it is a thing most possible for why the French how-so-ever after they be beaten with the Miseries and Calamities of Warre they can for a whyle bee content to refresh them-selues with Peace and Quyetnesse yet that is but a Digression or a By-Strype from the Current of their naturall Humour which is to be volage and remoueant much delighted with present things having no long Projectes given to Change both of Apparell and Mynde joviall and of open Conversation of easie Familiaritie of amiable Countenance never silent but still in Complement and Discourse full of Noble and Courteous Carriage inclined to all sort of Gallantriâ— which doeth require great Charges of moderate Devotion suden and precipitant in their Resolutions and loving Innovations of State aboue all things that it is a wonder to see such Antipathie
easilie prooved in this manner Al-be-it it bee so that onelie GOD can multiplie the Earth yet it is of veritie that wee since the dayes of our Predecessours haue multiplied the Fruites of the Earth so farre that for everie three Plough gate of Land as wee doe call it manured which was in Scotland an hundreth Yeares by-gone there are foure now And if yee answere that the People are multiplied proportionallie to that so that I should not esteeme it to be encrease of Ritches which doeth bring with it encrease of People to consume them I will reply to you that is the point I intende to prooue for Multitudes of People industrious are both the Ritches and Strength of a Countrey and that vvee doe exceede our Antecessours both for numbers of People and of Moneyes yee shall vnderstand it this way They wanted first the two Seminaries for breeding of People which wee haue everie one knoweth that the Multiplication of Ground-Labourers and Husband-men as wee call them haue peopled the Land-warts of Scotland farre aboue that it was ancientlie for wee see now vpon a Maines that of olde was laboured by a Barron him-selfe twentie or thirtie severall Families of those Retite Husband-men vvhere-of everie one hath a good number of Children Next againe it is well knowne to bee the Sea Trade which hath peopled our Maritine Townes and that also our Predecessours wanted so farre that I may say there bee now twentie Ships of Trafficke amongst vs for everie one that was in their dayes Then who doeth not know that by the Trafficke of the Seaâ— our Countrey hath twentie times more Moneyes than was an hundreth yeares by-gone or if yee doe doubt of it yee may soone learne that our Grand-Fathers could haue bought as much Land for one thousand Marks as wee can doe for twentie thousands and farre more Farther our Predecessours had a meanes for stopping the growing of Multitudes and encrease of People that wee want and it was by the great numbers of Men and Women who tooke them-selues to the Caelibate and Monasticke lyfe of whom there was no Off-spring And if yee would know of what great importance that was doe but consider how manie Bishoprickes Abbacies Priâ—ries Nunueries with the number of their Convents Arch-deanries Deanries Personages and places of cure for secular Priests was into Scotland in time of Pâ—perie and when yee haue taken vp their number doe conferre them with the 70 of the house of Iacob who went into Aegypt and how in the fourth Age there-after there came foorth 600000 fighting Men besides Women and Children all descended of them Which vvhen yee haue consideratelie done I thinke yee shall bee affrayed of the hudge Multitudes that before now should haue issued from the professed religious of Scotland if they had followed the Matrimoniall life If yee will yet insist to object the Povertie of our Countrey by reason of the broken Estates of Noble-men and Gentle-men who haue our Lands morgadged for great Debts of Money I answere to you that by the contrarie it is an Argument of the Ritches of our Countrey for if the Noble-mans Grand-father by Predigalitie Pryde wilfull pleying in Law or anie other such Misgovernment had brought him-selfe to neede the like Summes of Money twentie Lords could not haue gotten so much then as one can get now And I will finde now a base-borne Man advance to a Noble-man in prest 30 40 or 50000 Pounds whose Grandfather and all his Parentage was not valiant of the twentie part there-of Ergo the personall Distresses of Noble-men and Gentlemen doeth not argue the Povertie of the Countrey in generall Wee see into Nature that her severall Members as of Plantes Beasts and Men doe daylie decay and die and others doe shoot vp in their Rowmes vvhilst Nature it selfe remaineth in entire and full strength In the dayes of our Predecessours there were in Scotland but Victuall Rents where-as now by the vertuous Trades vvhich haue beene since introduced a great part of Men doe liue by Silver Rents Things being manifestlie so shall wee refuse to furnish out and mayntayne two or three thousand Souldiours to so just and necessarie Warres Certaynlie it caÌ„not be heard abroad without our great Ignominie which is worse adding of Cowrage to our Enemies when they shall know vs to be so base and degenerose Well let vs not be vngrate towardes GOD. It is true indeed that Nature and Tyâ—â—e doe favour the growing of Monarchies namelie vvhere they are just and temperate as being the viâ—e Image of GOD for Governament of the World But it is also true that vnthankfull People doe procure short Periods of great Kingdomes The Throne of Israell was established in the person of David after manie toylsome and laborious years of the preceeding Rulers of that People and great sheeding of Blood and so much in David his owne tyme that GOD would not suffer his bloodie Hand to be put to the building of the Temple but the Glorie Peace and Prosperitie there-of did expyre with the death of Salomon his Sonne There-after the LORD did set manie wicked Kings over that wicked People The greatest Punishment that GOD threatneth to inflict vpon a rebellious Nation is to giue them evill Kings vvhere-vpon the Divines doe note that it is the highest Transgression vvhereof a People can be guiltie before GOD When by their Ingratitude they make Princes of their nature perhaps serenâ— and temperate to turne to tyrannous Governament and to lay vpon their Neckes the Yoake of perpetuall Grudge and Murmuration and so not onlie them-selues transgresse agaynst GOD but make their Kings also to doe the lyke who most of all Men should obey feare the LORD so that often tymes a wicked People maketh a wicked King But to returne If wee doe question for small thinges now vvhat would we doe si Hannibal astaret portis if our Enemies were at the Ports of our Countrey or within the Bowels of it We would be forced to doe even as the Romanes did against Hannibal to run and offer all our Moneyes and our Iewels and our Eare-rings for safetie there-of Wee would vndoubtedlie say as that famous VVarriour did the late King of France vvho after the recoverie of Cain from the Spanyard by transaction after hee had spended a great part of his lyfe in VVarres hee saide they were not wyse who would not make a Bridge of Gold for their Enemies to passe out vpon But as we say It is better to hold out than to put out Durius ejicitur quam non admittitur hostis Haue wee not seene our Kinges vse all possible Practises for procuring of Peace all this tyme by-gone by toyling of Ambassadors to and froe by super-spending their Rentes exhausting their Coffers and indebting of them-selues Are vve not naturall Members as they are naturall Heads Are they more bound to doe for vs than we for our selues Al-be-it the Kings Spheare hee higher and greater than ours yet
dwell but vpon his peculiar Heritages and spend the Rents belonging to him other-wise than by the publicke But the case is so farre altered that at this Time and in these latter Dayes Princes more by an Inspiration of private Favour or for to exercise the Libertie and vse of their Royall Prerogatiues than for anie knowne worth or Merite of Men haue even made them great as it were in imitation of the goodnesse of GOD who made Man of nothing Omne bonum sui diffusivum It is the nature of Goodnesse to diffuse and communicate it selfe even as GOD doeth other-wyse it cannot bee called Goodnesse The glorie of the Occean is more for the bountifull spreading of his Branches vpon the Face of the Earth than for his Greatnesse The stateliest Tree maketh the most statelie vmbrage Noble-men are the Shadowes of Kings as it is glorious for the Sonne to bee accompanied and followed with so manie bright Starres and Planets whose Bodies doe receiue the Beames of his Light and there-with doe beautifie the Heaven about him so are vvaiting Noble-men to Kings as Diamonds and Rubies planted about their Throne to receiue and reflect the Splendor of the Royall Majestie And yet whyles it is so we see that Christian Kings at the Acceptation of their Crownes doe giue their Oathes for Defence of Religion of Iustice and the Common-wealth and Preservation of that Publicke Dowayne vvhich the Common-wealth doeth present vnto Her Prince as a Dote or Tocher-Good to be saved for Her Mayntaynance and vvhere-of hee hath the onlie Vsu-Fruit and cannot alienate it but with her owne Consent and for some Extraordinarie service done to her or to the Prince vvho is her Head Extraordinarie I say because Services Ordinarie in the State haue annexed vnto them their Ordinarie Fees and Pensions Extraordinarie I call some Act of singular Valour for the Countrey agaynst a Common Enemie or some Hazard vnder-gone for safetie of the Prince his Lyfe Although the Patrimonie of the Crowne bee sacred yet such Services are to bee esteemed more sacred and Donations or Rewards for these are to stand inviolable for here are the Ods betwixt a Republicke and State Royall That the 〈◊〉 hath no Head Particular who should challenge the Priviledge of such Bountifulnesse or for vvhose sake it should bee granted for seldomâ—â— doeth the Death of anie one Man what-so-ever breede any Commotion Crosse or Alteration to a Republicke Quia non moritur Respublica vvhere-as by the contrarie the Death of a good Prince and often tymes of an evill doeth shake the verie Foundations of a Kingdome vvhich made Caesar to say Non tam 〈◊〉 interest quam Reipub. quam diutissime vivam This maketh their Lyues to bee so precious and Sacro-sanct they being the verie Heart and Head of the Bodie of the Common-wealth So that to holde absolutely that no kynd of Services are remunerable with anie thing belonging to the Crowne it is not onlie to cast loose the Estates of the Nobilitie and Gentriâ— whose Houses everie where through Christendome haue bene made vp and erected by the Bountie of Kings for nominate and famous Services done to them or to their Countreyes but it were also to perill the Personall Securitie of Princes theÌ„-selues when Men should see that a King could giue noght to one who should hazard or loose his Lyfe for his Safetie but that vvhich his Successour may recall it is to â—urbe the Royall Soveraignitie too farre And albeit the Extens of Majestie 's late Revâ—cation did seeme so fearfull to vs at the first as if it had comprehended so much yet wee are still to remember vnder what a gracious and just Prince wee doe liue and to take it rather for a Warning Awaking of our Gratitude in his first Entrie and therefore I must here craue Pardon of all to call to mynd how often since I haue heard from Wyse and Sincere Men that a little more of Readinesse to doe him Service in the last CoÌ„vention of our Estates had bene sufficient to disperse the chiefest Clowds of that Tempest I doe acknowledge that it is not licentiate to me nor tollerable in anie Private Subject to censure the Reverend and long approved Magistrates of this Kingdome neyther will I presume to doe so but onlie to expostulate and regrate with manie Good Men the infortunate Proceedour of that Counsell whereby neyther Prince nor People did receiue Contentment Whether wee should lay it vpon Mistakings possible to haue bene amongst the Lordes of those Commissions or vpon the Iealousies and Competences ordinarie to bee betwixt New and Olde States-Men at the Entrie of a King Or vpoÌ„ the Basenesse of some Countrey-Commissioners whose Avaryce would not suffer theÌ„ to resent the Common Danger of this Yle as appertayned Or vpon a Popular Disgust Generall Feare conceived for Religion by reason of some Noble-men of contrarie Mynde employed from the Court about that Businesse Or lastlie vvhether vpon the Backwardnesse of this Tyme so disposed as it is to breed Distraction and Disturbance of the State Whatsoever was the Cause moving certaynlie the Debacts of that Convention vvere as appeareth Principia malorum speaking of Effects For vvas it then a right Tyme to answere Majestie 's Demaundes thus That a Convention could not goe higher in taxing the Countrey than a Parliament had done before At the last Parliament King IAMES had a Necessitie to sende Ambassadours abroad to negotiate Peace vvhich I confesse was a Graue and Great Cause for Subsidies but at this Convention Peace was given vp Warres begun and it stood vpon the Losse of Germanie and Invasion of Great Britane vvherevpon might haue ensued hastilie greater Damnage than of manie Taxations Or was it then Tyme to refuse the Mayntaynance during Warres of 2000 Men to keepe the Seas free and open for our Trafficke When wee shall reckon our Losses sustayned since by Sea-Traders by so manie Mariners wanting Employment at Home and by losing so faire a Commoditie as was this last Yeare for transporting our Corneâ— to profitable Markets in Neighbour Countreyes then wee shall decerne the Errour of that Convention Wee will say wee haue not beene accustomed to beare so great Charges a weake Argument Since it hath pleased GOD to change the Custome of our Fortune will wee contemne His Visitations and as senselesse Men bee carelesse of our Countrey Wee will say that our Countrey hath suffered manie Distresset by these late bad Yeares and by Sea-Misfortunes and I know it to bee so but must wee not for all that defend our Countrey And what if wee must not onlie maintaine two thousand Men but also fight our selues a thing which wee haue great reason daylie to expect And I will come to the most pricking Poiâ—t of all His Majestie 's Revocation hath discowraged vs. Where-vnto I answere by asking what more hath His Majestie done than anie Earle or Lord in Scotland doeth who after the death of his Father chargeth his Vassals
State hath practised such things I answere to you That it is never done but vpon Necessitie and in that Case hath beene done by the Strongest and most Politicke The Romanes ten yeares before their first Warres against Carthage vvere begun to haue Silver Coine called Denarius and the parts thereof Quinarius and Sestertius the Deniere beeing worth ten Asses and the Asse beeing a Pound of Brasse in Coine at 12 Ounces the Pownd But the Citie being exhausted and endebted by that Warre vnable to defray the Charges they raised the worth of the Brazen Money by diminishing the Weight ordayning the Asse to bee onelie two Ounces where-by the Exchecquer of the State did gayne fiue partes of sixe and so vvas soone made free from Debt Here was indeed an Exorbitant Heighting the Necessitie was great the Common-wealth in danger the Practise vpon Brasse Ye will say to me that Heighting of our Money will more prejudge than profit the King for Mayntaynance of Warres For Example If everie twentie Marks of Money were by Authoritie called in to the Coyning-house and put foorth vnder the same Weight and Fynnesse for twentie one Markes by this Meanes His Majestie should presentlie get the 21 parte of all the Coyne in Scotland but there-after in yearlie Payment made of His Rentes Impostes and Casualities pertayning to His Treasurie and Taxation of everie 21 Marks hee should want one that now is made according to the present Pryce and it cannot bee denyed But for Helpe of that and Safetie of the Subjects from Inconvenientes and Wronges of that kynd our Money may be heighted vpoÌ„ that Reasonable Condition as we find it to haue bene done vnder King Iames the third to wit That all Bands Contracts Obligations Infeftments for Annuall Rents Few-Mails Sums of Money Tackes of Lands or of Impostes for Money made of before that Heighting shold be payed of the same Pryce and Eynnesse which was current when the Sureties were made and that the Newlie-Heighted-Pryce should onelie stryke vpon Future Trafficke and Commerce vvhich seemeth to haue bene a verie reasonable Middle for Multiplication of Money and Raysing of Victuall vnto Discret and Competent Pryces for the Common Good of the greatest part of People I confesse that such thinges are to bee done seldome and then fore-sightfâ—llie Philip Le Bell of France did once base his Coyne so farre by Mixtion of Copper and Brasse that the Italian Poët Dante 's did call him Falsificatore di moneta vvhich hee did excuse from the Necessitie of the Tyme and did there-after repent it much because it was followed with great Harme Mutinie of his Subjects Alwyse I trust none will deny that it is more profitablie done to height Money than to base iâ— and it is well knowne what notable Losse did ensue to this Countrey by the last crying downe of our Coyne But seeing that Land which is Bonum immobile is subject to daylie change of Prices to holde that Golde beeing in the Account of Bona mobilia is not in the same Condition as a thing more Sacred in it selfe it is a Scorne vnlesse wee would draw our Argumentes from the great Vertues and Excellencies which no doubt are latent thereâ—nto albeit mystious and vnknowne to vs and whereof we make no Vse of that Aurum potabile so soveraigne for removing of Diseases and Corroboration of Man's Health whereof the Aleamistes make Moses to bee the first Inventer by reducing of the Golden Calfe into Powder potable And that the Specificke Spirit of the Golde doeth as they say transforme other Mettalls into Golde and is sufficient to mayntayne Perpetuitie of Youthhead Affirming their Elixer to bee that same wherevnto Sainct Iohn Apocal. 21 did compare the Holie Citie It was of pure Golde lyke Glasse saying that the Spirit of GOD doeth not vse to comparison but thinges which are indeede In rerum natura and citing for this their chiefe Patron Paracels in the 9 of his Metaph. Nostra tinctura rubea est in se astra auri continens translucida instar Crystalli fragilis ut vitrum And in diverse Places of his Minerall Treatises giving the Cause in most admirable Termes why GOD shall conceale from the World that Secret vnto the comming of Elias Artista within the seaventh thousand yeares which is presumed by the remote Theologie to bee the Finall Iubilie of the World and the Triumph both of Naturall and Metaphysicall Operations And albeit that Suidas doth alleadge that this Science of the Multiplication of the Golde did rest amongst the Aegyptians even to the Reigne of Dioclesian who as Augurellus wryteth did much feare them by reason of their Chymicall Skill Not the lesse I say wee know how these Disquisitions haue hitherto but exhausted the Braines and Treasures of manie great Princes who haue gone about them so that wee are not to make Estimation of Golde for such subtill Theorems but even as of other temporarie things Next I know yee will pretend that there is no Penuritie of Money in Scotland but that that is kept vp in the Hands of Ritch Merchands and that yee will finde in some Burgh more Silver and Golde with two or three than is in the whole Towne beside and the whole Shyreffdome about but that they refuse to vent it and if that Case were cured wee should haue great Plentie of Coyne so for the more cleare Discussion of this Businesse I will heere suppose my selfe having Commission to dispute this Question with the Merchand who doeth thus Commissioner I come to show you Merchand that His Majestie and Counsell are highlie commoved against you because in this time of so great Scarcitie of Silver and of so maine a Necessitie to haue it current through the Countrie yee doe locke it vp in your Coffers not onelie to the Common Prejudice and Perill of the whoâ—e State but also to your owne hurt in particular for your Father was accustomed to say That a laying Henne was better than a lying Crowne Merchand I doe praise GOD for that I haue alreadie gained sufficientlie by the Merchand Trade the VVorld is evill both at Home and Abroad and my Money is sure in mine owne Possession Commissionar Doe yee not consider the great Wrongs in the meane time by the Detention there-of Merchand What are those VVrongs for why I doe retaine no Man's Goods but mine owne Commissionar First yee are vnthankfull to GOD and to your Countrey who having acquired so great Aboundance doe deny the Profitable and Necessarie vse of your things without your owne Hurt to your Prince and Common-wealth who both are in Paine for want of Money farther yee doe vvhat yee can to over-throw the Citie where-in yee dwell and vvhere-of yee are a Member incorporate In the which Citie a great number and of the ablest Men haue no other Meanes of their Lyfe but by Maritine Trade whilst yee and such as yee haue weakned and deboshed the Shipping of that Towne so farre
AN ADVERTISEMENT To the Subjects of Scotland Of the fearfull Dangers threatned to Christian States And namely TO GREAT BRITANE by the Ambition of SPAYNE With a Contemplation of the truest Meanes to oppose it Also Diverse other TREATISES Touching the present estate of the KINGDOME of SCOTLAND Verie necessarie to bee knowne and considered in this Tyme CALLED The First Blast of the Trumpet WRITTEN by PETER HAY of NAVGHTON IN NORTH-BRITANE IN ABERDENE PRINTED BY EDWARD RABAN Cum Privilegio 1627. BON. ACCORD Insignia Vrbis abredonie TO THE MOST ROYALL AND MIGHTIE MONARCH CHARLES BY THE GRACE OF GOD KING OF GREAT BRITANE FRANCE and IRELAND Defender of the Fayth MOST Gracious and most Sacred Soveraigne This Tyme and This Subject doe joyne and meete so vvell together that it is novv if ever and in this if in anie thing that I dare be bolde expresse the desire I haue to doe service to Your Majestie and to my Countrey I vvish the occasion had not beene so faire for venting 〈◊〉 ambition but rather that it had lyen buried in my Breast and I my selfe had beene vnknovvne of Your Majestîe to my liues ende But GOD vvho putteth Marches to Peace and Warres and periods to Tyme and â—vho hath His apt and proper Instruments for everie disposition of Tyme HEE hath encouraged mee to offer to Your Majestie this Treatise as a necessarie and vsefull Inter-course of this Tyme I did stryue so much as I could to make it short but by reason of so manie Histories Discourses and Examples as vvere to bee pertinentlie and profitablie brought in I could not confyne it to a more narrovv Compend And yet vvhen Your Majestie shall consider it it vvill bee found minus mole quam facultate a great deale lighter in Paper than in Matter For vvhy It contayneth the large Extent and Misteries of the Spanish Ambition vvith a Contemplation of the truest Contrapoyse to bee made therevnto by Neighbour States Graue and Weightie Theorems indeede but vvhich fevv of them doe speculate so deeplie as neede vvere the greatest part beeing vvhollie carried to things sensible present and of nearest commoditie to them-selues in particular al-be-it it should import a manifest danger to their Common-peace and Prosperitie vvithout the care and curious mayntaynance vvhere-of neyther can anie one of Them flovvrish by it selfe nor yet the most flovvrishing long endure Farther SIR Heere are contayned diverse Purposes and Passages touching The present estate of this Kingdome of SCOTLAND most expedient for avvaking Your Majesties Subjects to looke to that vvhich the great exigence of this Tyme doeth require at their Handes together vvith a varietie of delicate Conceits verie fit to season both the Understanding and Humour of a young PRINCE and those not hatched in my Braynes but sought and sucked by me from the richest Hyues of Politicke Wits vvhich haue beene committed to Registers in anie Age gone Heere also is contayned A new Reason brought from the mysticall Theologie for the holinesse and perfection of the number 10 and vvhy GOD did choose it to be the Quotient of the Ecclesiasticke Goods in the Leviticall Churches So that if Your Majestie shall vouchsafe to reade it once I haue good hope that Ye shall doâ— it tvvise al-be-it I knovv that it is not Your Majesties Calling to cast over Bookes Tu regere imperio popul Rom. mem hae tibi erunt artes but such Bookes doe belong vnto that same Arte. Demetrius Phalereus did counsell King Proleme to buy all Bookes vvritten de regno imperioque eosque lectitaret quia inquit quae amici non audent Reges monere ea in ejusmodi libris descripta esse Alexander the Great did sleepe vvith Homer's Poësies vnder his head Iulius Caesar amidst the combustion of bloodie Warres did spende most part of nights in reading and vvryting Therefore SIR let it please Your Majestie to take paynes remembring hovve the same Homer vvhome that great Monarch did so affect and vvhome the Philosophs esteemed to be A source of humane Sciences hee hath left this Aphorisme for a King Non decet Principem solidam dormire noctem A Prince must not take a vvhole nights sleepe A thing vvell proved by that Arch-Prince for civill vvisdome Augustus vvho vvhyles at a certaine tyme hee could not rest in the night having his mynde loaden vvith anxieties and cares of the State hee sent for the pillovv of a knovvne Bancq-ruptier greatlie indebted vvho vvas reported to sleepe vvell GOD hath called Your Majestie vp in-to this Mountayne of Paynfull Governament not lyke vnto Helias vvho vvhyles hee vvent vp too much delyted vvith the pleasant vmbrage of the Iunopre Tree hee fell a-sleeping there-by But lyke to Moses to vvhome it vvas sayde Ascende in Montem esto ibi Upon vvhich vvordes Esto ibi another doeth vvell note Non dicitur venisse qui non steterit Wee doe not reade that Moses sleeped in that Voyage to the Mountayne It vvas a significant Hyerogliffe vvhich the Aegyptians had of a King Oculum cum Sceptro One Eye and one Scepter Shevving that Princes are to joyne Vigilance vvith Power and ought to haue Aquiline Eyes able to penetrate the hidden thinges of the Vulgar Valleyes belovve them Even as the Eagle doeth espy the Prey vnder him before him-selfe can bee perceived of Fowles Nazianzen speaking of Governament he sayeth it is Ars artium to rule a People And Seneca speaking of Man Nullum morosius animal nec majori arte tractandum There is not a more enorme and insolent Creature than Man nor vvhich is to bee managed vvith more cunning And as Plutarch sayeth That as Beasts can not bee guided nor commanded but by Men So Men cannot bee governed but by Him vvho is more than a Man and hath a great measure of Deitie into Him Certaynlie Your Majestie hath neede of Eyes vnder Wings as is sayde of the Spanish Cuttuio that Yee might flie abroade to explore the manners of Your Subjects and malice of Your Enemies to see that no Backe-doore bee left for those to enter at nor no Fielde commodious vvhere they may cover their insidious Nettes but that the vvhole Sea of Your Majesties Governament bee calme and peaceable vnderstanding hovv the Spanyard is skilfull to fish in drumblie Waters Hee can practise as vvell Protestants as Papists if hee finde them loose and vvavering Which particular Your Majestie vvill see examplified in this Treatise besides Testimonies of French Wryters vvhich might bee suspected of Partialitie and malicious detraction it is verefied by naturall Spaniards namelie Antonio Peres vvho vvas a chiefe Secretarie of Estate vnder Philip the second and vvhose Relation in some thinges touching the sayde King and Estate of Portugall I haue trusted and follovved for tvvo respects First Because none could haue knovvne those better and secondlie Because hee did handle the lyke Theame to this by vvay of shovving to King Henrie the fourth of France the necessitie of making Warres to Spayne Your Majestie knovveth that it
Prince and bee of vnited Myndes tymouslie to employe the meanes that GOD hath given vs to with-stand so strong an Enemie then there is no doubt but wee shall bee bastant to oppose him but if wee bee relenting in these then I would say as one of the Parthian Kings sayde long before they were conquered by the Romanes Timeamus â—â—â—eamus magnum illum Romanorum Genium qui tam brevi spacio torrentis instar effusus est per orbem terrarum Wee haue great cause to project Feares and long before to parralele the flowrishing destinies of the Spanish Empyre which lyke vnto a Torrent hath with-in these hundreth Yeares over-flowed the fairest and strongest Countreyes of Europe Certainlie it is no time for vs to delay in murmurations and to object our povertie amongst infinite Examples that bee in Histories of the fatall ruine that hath followed to Princes and People by such doing the pittifull and mercilesse sackage of Constantinople by Mahomet the second may onelie serue to terrifie vs from the lyke the Citizens of that Towne being full of Ritches did so misregard their late Emperours that one of them Baldwine after hee had solde his Silver Plate Iewels and best Moueables hee was forced to pawne his Sonne to the Venetians for Money to maintaine Warres against the Turkes The last of them Constantine the eight being desperatelie besiedged by the saide Mahomet was not able to furnish Pay to his Souldiours by reason of exorbitant Vsuries exercised by his Merchands nor Corne nor Victuals by reason of their Monopolies although there was great store of both with-in Where-vpon after some Weekes of mutuall grudges and exclamation of the Emperour against his Subjects and of them against him that glorious Citie so commodiouslie seated for dominion over the World vpon the shoulders of Europe and Asia so Emperesse-lyke over-looking both was taken by the Turkes her miserable Prince and People cruellie murthered her beautifull Churches turned in Stables her hudge Ritches possessed by the Enemies and shee made a Port for that bloodie and barbarous Nation to come in vpon the necke of Christendome I will no more insist thus in this place because the Treatise is full of Practises and Examples convenient for your present vse I will onelie say againe That it is no tyme for vs now to contest with our King when question is for preservation of the State and I exhort you to reade this with that disposition as I wryte it not of private Subjects but of States-Men and kyndlie Children of this Common-wealth that wee may all in one voyce say with Pericles of Athens when his Citie was reduced to great straites for want of Money in tyme of hote Warres Ne cernere cogamur cuncta nostra in servitutem rapâ— mensae cubilis supellectilis ac dierae superflua abscindamus noâ—â—que liberos servemus ut quum pinguior fortuna aspiraverit nobis rursus ea restituere valeamus Let vs curbe our Humours controll the delicacie of our Dyet make sober our Moueables and cut off what-so-ever is superfluous in our Manners for our owne safetie and let vs referre the farther fruition of those to more propitious and fortunate Tymes Thus much more must I say toutâ—cing the mysteâ—ie of the number 10 here treated to some of you who d ee disdaine to heare from an-other that whereof your selues are ignorant I wish yee bee not scandalized by the mention of remote or naturall Theologie remembring how Sainct Paul 1. Cor. 15 calleth him a Foole who in the Analogie of GOD'S Workes cannot finde a naturall Argument to corroborate his supernaturall Beliefe for the Resurrection of his Bodie And the learned Scaliger in his Exercitations against Cardan discoursing of the Angelicall nature hee calleth that kinde of knowledge fastigium omnis scientiae the top of humane Wisdome and doth verie confidentlie censure the contemners there-of saying Irridebuntur ista à quibusdam sectis nebulonum qui otio supinitate marcentes fastigium scientiae contemnunt titulo curiositatis noting two sorts of them who sayth hee doe constantlie barke against the search of anie other thing than the naked and literall sense in the Scripture one is of those who bee meerlie naturalists nunquam assurgunt ad supremam causam Another of some presumptuous but shallow-brained Theologues who covering their Ignorance with pretext of Holinesse semper assurgunt ad supremam causam they are ever speaking and talking of the knowledge of GOD but may not abyde one word of Nature contemning the high contemplations there-of which are the verie paeth-way that doe leade vs vnto that Knowledge Neither of which two sayeth hee haue tasted this sweet Science of Analogicall harmonie that is betwixt the intellectuall and visible World whereof sayeth the divine Plato that that is the reall substance and this but the shadow depending there-fra that Trueth and true subsistence are there and heere nothing but as a flowing and transition of Images Nulla sunt vera nisi quae sunt aeterâ—â— ista autem quae videâ—us non sunt vera sed veâ—i similia the things that wee see are but temporarie shadowes of things true and eternall and as the shadow of anie creature doeth perfectlie declinate vnto vs the shape the forme the space and name there-of although wee doe not see the bodie it selfe so sayth hee into this great bodie of visible Nature which is the Image of that intellectuall and infinite World there is the true deliniation and viue Images of the severall creatures which bee there and of the Heavenlie Governament and blessed harmonie that is amongst them And briefe sayth Plato wee haue no knowledge in this World but that which is symbolicall having reference to things invisible as the shadow hath vnto the bodie The Prophets of the olde Law did receiue their revelations from the Angels in symbolicall speaches and sayeth Christ Him-selfe litera occidit spiritus vivificat The letter is dead but it is the Spirit that quickeneth And of Him sayeth Sainct Marke That without Parables Hee spake nothing to them and twelue severall Parables of the Kingdome of Heaven Hee did delyver to them all which doe thus begin Simile est regnum coelorum and the Prophet David sayeth I shall open my mouth by Parables Certaynâ—â—e if ever there was an Age of the World where-in the super-natural light of Christ's Gospel had neede to haue annexed vnto it the darke light of Nature for alluring and intertayning the weaknesse of our spirituall sight it is even this which we now liue into where-in the Heresies of doctrine are so pregnam 〈◊〉 and the loue of the World pryde of Lyfe and singularitie of Opinion so predominant in the professors of the Trueth that we may say not onlie with â—lato but with Hosea the Prophet Non est veritas in terra the pure Veritie hath left the Earth So that I say to you Yee must not be disgusted if vpon the sudden ye cannot comprehende everie symbolicall Veritie that is
none of the Gentrie and therefore contemned But sayeth hee if the Enterpryse had beene followed the Towne of Lisbone had beene taken in most easilie for that the Cardinall of Austria who commanded within and so manie Castilians as were vnder him were readie to leaue it vpon the first arrivall of Drake with-in the Harberie that hee had alreadie hyred thirtie Galleyes for his transportation and that with such seare and consternation that hee conduced to giue them 300 Duckates a-piece for three leagues of Sea Alwayes in the diversitie of opinions concerning that Voyage for my part I doe more trust the English Historie for two as I thinke infallible Reasons first the World knoweth that in those dayes there was not in Christendome a more solide sure and reverenced Counsell than was in England so that it is not to bee doubted of that which their Historie beareth That their Generals of that Armie did obey their Warrand Secondlie I finde Antonio Peres contrarie to him-selfe for first hee sayeth That by the longsomnesse of the English Navie the Enemie had leasure to provyde and guard him-selfe Secondlie sayeth hee the whole Gentrie of Portugall did repare to joyne with Don Antonio and the English Armie But heere I doe trap and convict him from his owne mouth If as hee sayeth the Spanyard had leasure at his pleasure to provide for him-selfe who then is so simple as to thinke but hee did in the meane tyme remoue from Portugall the Nobilitie namelie the Favourers of Don Antonio with the whole Gentrie without the leaving of anie Man sufficient to allure a Multitude or to leade them to a revolt I thinke hee hath forgotten him-selfe a little here out of an ardor of his spirit to haue removed all shew of impediment to the French King for putting of Warres in Portugall In the meane-tyme thus farre may bee said That as Obedience and Discipine militarie in the Bodie of an Armie vnder a trustie and skilfull Generall is of that importance in actions of Warre as sine quo nihil a point where-in lyeth the chiefe Suretie and Successe of all things except of Fortune Yet a strict limitation of Generals hath for the most part marred both good Fortunes and good Successes of Warre where the Opportunities Advantages and Ouvertures are meerelie casuall and inpendent from precise tymes To prescribe to their Generals was not the custome of the Wyse Valiant and fortunate Romanes Sed videant ne quid Resp. detrimenti capâ—at And what should haue become of that great State if their Generall Fabius Maximus had not so stiffelie followed his private will of cunctation and protracting of tyme with Hannibal contemning the infamous Reproaches and Exclamations both of Senate and People against him namelie of his Magistrum equitum Whom if hee had not at length rescued in his temerarious Recountre with Hannibal he had perished with all those whom hee commanded Now what were the Practises lyke-wise of Philip even then also in England and Scotland by Corruption and Iesuisticke Artes to haue drawne the Subjectes of both Kingdomes to vnnatural Revolts from their Soveraigne Princes It is better known than that I need heere to make mention of it I wish the Wryters of our Countreyes Historie may over-passe that Interlude of those Insidious tymes as Lucan did the Cruelties vnnatural committed mutuallie amongst the Romanes at Pharsalia Quicquid in hac acie gessisti Roma tacebo saide hee By these few Circumstances shortlie related of the progresse of the Spanish Empyre wee may easilie and vsefullie obserue these three things first the growing and fearfull greatnesse there-of as it standeth at this day Maximilian Emperour and Duke of Austria did marrie Catherine only Chyld and Successor of Charles Duke of Burgundie where-by were annexed the 17 Provinces of the Nether-lands to Austria Of this Marriage issued Philip who being Duke of Austria Burgundie and Flanders did marrie the Heretrix of Castile Daughter of Ferdinando and Isobella the Mother of Charles the fift and so did conjoyne the Estates fore-saide vnto the Crowne of Castile Charles the fift by his owne Vertue did super-adde vnto it the Kingdome of Peru the Dutchie of Milan the peaceable Possession of the Kingdome of Naples and the Kingdome of Sicilia with the Yles of Sardinia Majorque Minorque and their Possessions which they yet haue into the Westerne Indees His Sonne againe Philip the second of whom I speake besydes that hee had once within his Clawes France and England which both hee lost againe hee did conjoyne with these that which made the integritie and perfection of the Spanish Empyre Portugall the importance where-of may be remarked by these three first by their glorious Conquests before rehearsed into the Levant into Africke and through the maine Occean Secondlie by the great multitudes of People which doe inhabite the Territories there-of Antonio Peres doeth affirme that vnder Sebestian their last King of whom I haue before remembered there were thorow-out the Realmes of Portugall vnder militarie Discipline 1200 Companies of Foot-men where-of there was no Gentle-man other than Commanders and in everie Companie at least 200. Which being allowed doeth amount jumpe to 240000 Men. And that Portugall did yearlie send out to their Conquests 6000 Men where-of the third part did never turne home againe Thirdlie by the Riches there-of it being affirmed by him that their Kings did in this one point of Greatnesse surpasse all the Princes of Europe being able in halfe an houre to giue vnto their Subjects ten or fifteene Millions or more to bee received by Ticquets for dispatches of Governourships Captainships Receits Offices Licences to make Voyages by Sea to the Indees and Yles of the Occean But heere I judge that hee hath beene too large out of a great fervour to perswade Christian Princes to set their Hearts vpon so noble a Prey at least-wise to provyde and prevent that it should not fall into the hands of their Common Enemie But certainlie the best part of these are well approved to bee true by this that Philip the second of Spaine did put him-selfe at so great expence for the purchase and prefervation of Portugall by kindling and feeding the Fyre of Civill Warres through Christendome namelie in France and Flanders exhausting to that ende the richest Mines that bee vnder the Heaven and by making so ignominious and impious Peace with Insidels to bee the more able to maintaine Portugall and to incroach farther on Christian Neighbours Vnder King Philip the third againe his sonne there was no accession indeede to this Empyre The mightiest Conquerers that ever haue beene in the Nature and Necessitie of things needed their owne Intervals Cessation and Repose for breeding of new Fortitude and Strength and anie Man may finde into the Romane Warres there hath beene at diverse tymes longer Intervalles of Peace and now wee see that this present King of Spaine after these Refreshments is begun to rake and extende the Marches of his
Dominions The second thing to bee observed by the former Discourse is the prowde Designe and large Extent of the Spanish Ambition when this King of whom I treat Philip the second durst together and at once adventure to set him-selfe a-worke for the purchase of Portugall France the Netherlands England and Scotland who should doubt or call it in question that by length of Tyme they intende not to subjugate the whole Estates of Christendome Wee finde it written by them-selues that when hee was about the taking in of Portugall being demanded by one of his greatest Favourites what was the reason why hee did neglect his thinges of East India and suffer Friezland and so manie good Townes to bee invaded and possessed of Heretickes his Enemies and all to maintaine the League and Civill Warres in France Where-vnto hee aunswered That those might bee forgotten for a tyme because the setling of Portugall did import no lesse to him than the securitie of his whole Empyre which once done hee would easilie make all those his Neighbours to become his Homagers and Tributaries yea it was the common Theame of Discourse amongst his Captaines and Souldiours both in Italie Flanders and France or where ever they were That since Portugall was now theirs that France and England could not escape them And more which is a publicke Testimonie the Wryters of the Spanish Storie affirme thus farre That if it had not beene that the saide King Philip had resolved before anie thing to brydle Portugall hee should haue before then sufficientlie daunted France and haue put strong Armies in England Farther the Extent of this Ambition of Spayne is clearlie seene by their Authoritie vsurped over the Consistorie of Rome where they haue made them-selues perpetuall Dictators which is one of the surest Fundaments of the encrease of their Grandour now-a-dayes that Consistorie being as the Alembicke where-in are fyned all the Counsels Projects and Designes of Christendome and the Pope arrogating to him power at his pleasure to excommunicate and consequentlie depose Christian Princes and to transferre the Succession of their Crowns where-of onlie the Riches must belong to that Catholicke King as of England and Yreland to Philip the second by Pius Quintus who did excommunicate Queene Elizabeth of â—England and of Navarre to his Predecessours by the same Title of beeing Heyre and Successour to excommunicate Princes keeping still in their owne hand the raygnes of the Papall Election and invading of their Patrimonies as that of Sicilie and being in effect Popes them-selues governing at their will the Church Rents thorow-out their Kingdomes exacting a verie great part vniversallie of all for their owne vse The third point of Observation vpon the preceeding Discourse is the Iusidiation and Latent Attempts of this Ambition by godlesse Perfidies and Treacherie where no Fayth is kept nor Conscience nor Religion nor Humanitie nor Vereâ—unditie where Neighbour-Princes cannot brooke their lyues by reason of the excessiue Rewards and Honours promitted to trayterous Executioners of Claudestine Murthers What shall I say of Enemie Princes no I say of what-so-ever persons publicke or private suspected Enemies to their prowde Tyrannie sparing neither Papist nor Protestant Pope nor Cardinall Bishop nor Priest nor nearest Kinsfolkes nor their most faithfull Counsellers or most fortunate Generals if they but once vpon the lightest Occasion become jealous of them no not their owne Children when their blood may bring the smallest accession vnto the strength of that diabolicke Ambition they doe murther poyson embotch and bewitch at their pleasure So that this same Philip of whom I speake hee caused to bee made away in his tyme as Wryters haue observed more than 200 nominablie recorded in diverse Histories whereof I will remember but seaven of the most abominable Paricidies I will call them all so ever heard of and yet best knowne King Henrie the third of France a Christian Prince of equall qualitie with him-selfe to whome hee was bound by that Fraternitie and by the vnion of one Fayth besydes some degrees of Blood yet it is well knowne that hee did contryue the death of this King as truelie as hee did plot the League against him Pope Sextus the fift whome hee professed to bee Head of the Church and his holie Father because that Pope fearing the Spanish Tyrannie if his Conquest of France had proved good hee did favour the said Henrie the third in his last Distresses Philip made him away by Poyson a thing so well vnderstood that they haue it for a common speach yet at Rome which I haue heard with mine eares That if a Pope doe enter without the approbation of Spaine hee will goe the way of Sextus the fift Hee did betray to the Eyes of the World Don Sebestian King of Portugall his Cousin Alexander Farnesse Duke of Parma his Kins-man and Generall in Flanders that valiant and renowned Captaine who had done him so great Services immediatelie after the misfortune of his Armada set out for England 1588. which hee did impute to the slownesse of the saide Duke hee fell into a lingering Disease and died by Poyson ministred from Philip the World doeth know it Don Bartholomew Carenzae Arch-Bishop of Toledo who had beene the Preceptor and Father of his owne Youth-head as Seneca to Nero because hee would not publicklie maintaine his Title to the Crowne of Portugall hee also did dispatch him His Brother Don Iohn de Austria whose great and ambitious spirit hee began to suspect hee was stricken with the Plague of Pestilence immediatelie after the receit of a Letter from Spaine whilst there was no Post in the Countreyes about and where-of hee died But aboue all that most deplorable and nefarious Paricidie publicklie committed avowed by himselfe authorised by the Church the murthering of Prince Charles his owne eldest Sonne Hee did price the life of Don Antonio at 100000 Crownes and of Elizabeth Queene of England and of the late Prince of Orange at as-much a-piece Hee was not ashamed to receiue certaine Townes from the King of Moroco vpon Bargaine to betray as hee did Don Sebestian King of Portugall his Cosin nor to render vnto those Infidels Arzilla which his Predecessours had noblie conquered vpon condition they should not furnish in preste to Don Antonio 200000 Crownes as they had promised to doe at the Intercession of the saide Queene of England These are not mine Assertions but taken and collected from Spanish Wryters Of all the fore-sayde Perpetrations the killing of his Sonne Prince Charles being in it selfe most fearfull and execrable of the whole it is also most clearlie verified not onlie by the Histories of Neighbour-Countreyes as by the French recordes of Majerne of Matthew of Paris of Thuanus but so stood to by the Church of Rome that into that deede they doe place the Triumph and Glorie of the Pietie of the saide King advancing his Fayth aboue that of Abraham who did onelie offer to sacrifice his Sonne and comparing
thirtie for the hundreth which Inconveniences doe all result from this that his Provinces are not contiguous nor incorporate And yet it being so wee are not to vilipende our Enemies no even those Provinces doe bring notable increase to his Grandour they are as the Heads or Hearts of the Countreyes where they lye they are most fertile flowrishing and rich for themselues and vpon extraordinarie Necessities able to advance to him infinite summes of Money planted they are to the full with industrious People They are the Seminaries of his Milice which doe breede vnto him good store of wittie Counsellours skilfull Commanders and braue Souldiours And how-so-ever they yeelde nothing to his Coffers yet the Vice-rayes and Governours sent thither who commonlie are of his nearest Parentage they doe loade them-selues with Ritches by the Mechanicke Tyrannies that they are permitted to exercise and at the ende of their three yeares which is the period of their Reigne they doe returne to Spaine as clogged Bees with Honey to their Hyves which I confesse to bee of as great importance and profite to him as if those did come directlie to his owne Coffers for why a great Monarch hath not so good a Treasure as trafficable Countreyes and Subjects vertuous and full of VVealth for then doe Moneyes abound and People doe serue their Prince in Offiâ—es of Peace or VVarre with contentment and splendor both But if an avaritious Prince doe studie to collect and amasse Ritchâ—s to lay in store by too much pressing of his Subjectes then they are discowraged from their Trades the Fruites where-of they are not suffered to enjoy Vertue decayeth that should enritch the Countrey and the cowrage of Men fayleth when time of VVarre doeth come So that the best Politickes that haue beene holde that the Ritches of mightie Kings are not so much to bee esteemed by their Ordinarie Rents as by the Extraordinarie Meanes they haue to lift Moneyes vpon great necessitie of the which Meanes that Prince doeth robbe him-selfe who maketh his Subjects poore to fill his Coffers And they doe thinke that as ritch was Lewes the twelft of France whose yearlie Rent did not exceede one Million and an halfe as Francis the first vnder whom it arryved at three or Henrie the second who doubled that or yet the third who did multiplie it to ten Millions Those Provinces of Flaunders being courteouâ—â—e ruled by Charles the fift and by his Sonne Philip with more moderation after the returne of the Duke de Alva they are found in the Histories to haue advanced willinglâ—e to those two Kings in the space of nine Yeares twentie-three Millions of Crownes which made them to bee called the Northerne Indees of the saide Empyre and which they could not possiblie haue done if hee had lifted grosse yearlie Rents from them So that the Prince who doeth thus tender his People is saide to haue his Treasures more sure in the custodie of his Subjects than if they were collected to his Coffers For as they wryte hardlie can Treasures bee saved in the hands of Princes even in tyme of Peace by reason of so manie occasions as they embrace to disperse them to the splendor of their Courts their bountie to their Favorites publicke and popular showes employment of Ambassadours vpon light causes which perhaps had not beene taken notice of if the Coffers had beene emptie and such like or it may bee say they that aboundance of present Moneyes doeth a-wake Ambition and Pryde more than is expedient for their Prosperitie and quiet of their People And it is even a difficill thing of it selfe to keepe thinges that are much desired and of manie namelie hard to great Kinges vpon whose bountie so manie greedie and importune Suters doe depende and hing Difficilis magni custodia census Or if a temperate and prudent Prince can saue them from all these and leaue them to his Successour yet seldome doe we find in the Stories that they haue bene converted to anie happie vse Tiberius the Emperour left behind him 67 Millions and his Successour devoured them in one yeare Domitian and Antonius Caracalla did consume at their pleasures and ryot the Treasures of Vespasian and of Septimius Severus Cyrus left 50 Millions of golden Crownes his Enemie did carrie them Darius left 80 Millions Alexander the Great did spend them Sardanapalus left 40 to his Enemies Pope Iohn the 22 did leaue 33 Millions to the avarice of his Successours Nephewes and Favorites Stephen King of Bosna had his Skinne fleede from his Bodie by Mahomet the second because hee did not employ his Treasures to the safetie of him-selfe David as wee finde 1. Chron. last Chap. left behinde him 120 Millions which was the greatest Treasure ever heard of not to the arbitrement or appetites of his Successour but by the speciall appointment of GOD to the building of the Temple Farther wee may draw an Argument from an article of the Law of GOD Deut. 17 Where Kings are forbidden to multiplie Silver and Gold to them-selues either for taking away the occasions of Aggravations and Imposts on Subjects or of excessiue Prodigalitie of their Courts or Pryde of moving vnjust and vnlawfull Warres or to invite them to employ the superplus of their yearlie Rents to present workes of Pietie or Charitie or advancement of the Common-wealth one way or other Augustus did furnish great summes of Money to the People without Interesse sayeth Suetonius Quoties ex damnatorum bonis pecunia superflueret vsum ejus gratuitum iis qui cavere in duplum possent indulsit to those of meane and sober estate who were able to set Cautioners for the double of the principall And of the Emperour Alexander Severus sayeth Lampridius Foenus publicum trientarium exercuit pauperibus plerisque sine usuris pecunias dedit ad agros emendos â—eddendas paulatim de fructibus that is foure for the 100 to those of middle reasonable estate and to the Poore without Interesse And of Antoninus Pius Iulius Capitolinus doth affirme the same So that it hath beene thought by manie that Treasures reserved in the handes of Princes bee but like Cisterns and reserues of Water which may be soone exhausted by daylie taking from them because they haue no Fountaine and againe that the same being in the hands of the People exposed to daylie Exchange and Traffique is like vnto a running River whose source cannot bee dryed vp As Cornes doe not yeelde encrease that are locked in Gâ—rnels but the seede dispersed through the ground is the thing that doeth multiplie so are the Moneyes dispersed in popular Trades onelie fruitfull Neither doe I alleadge anie of these as if Kings and speciallie great ones must not haue Royall and Magnificke Rents for it is not possible for vs who bee private Subjects to know how manie necessarie occasions doe daylie occurre to them of great and vast Expenses neither must wee bee curious for that part That Princes are
to haue the more high and noble Mynde who doeth it than hee who refuseth by as farre as Hope is more heroicke than Despare Rome was not builded in one day and manie glorious works haue beene founded vpon doubtfull and difficill beginnings although manie of vs doe holde it an ydle Project yet vnderstanding Men haue seene and contemplate the Countrey who intende to returne and remaine there-in certaine it is more ydle and more vnreverend with-all to thinke that GOD hath placed a Region vnder a degree so temperate which hee will not suffer to bee peopled by tyme. Al-be-it Men haue often builded Houses and never dwelt into them much lesse haue plenished them it is not so with GOD whose endes are infallible For my part I doe holde that that insearchable Wisdome hath framed no part of this whole Globe which is not capable of Man and sufficient for the mayntaynance of his Lyfe But as touching the nature and condition of Warre such are the Distresses that come by Warres that even the best Fortunes of the Victors doe seldome contrapoyse them In pace causas merita spectari ubi bellum ingruat innocentes ac impios juxta cadere sayeth one What Warre was there ever in the World which was not damnable for desolation of Cities exterminion of noble Houses spoyle of poore People rape of Women violation of Churches and of Holie Things And happie is that Warriour whose Sword hath not beene defiled with Christian Blood Augustus that mightie Emperour did abhorre Warre and adore Peace his Successour Tiberius did arrogate to him as the greatest of all his Glories when hee had pacified anie Tumult rather by practising than by Warre The Emperour Adrian did compare Peace to Argent Content and his Forces were most strong and when hee could quyer his bordering Nations vvith peaceable wayes jactabat palam sayeth Aurelius Victor plus se ocio adeptum quam armis caeteros hee bragged openlie that hee had done more in Peace and Quietnesse then his Neighbours had by Armes I know farther that when GOD hath brought a State to a sort of Maturitie and Perfection that it is as compacted and limited naturallie as presentlie is this Monarchie of GREAT BRITANE consolidate with-in it selfe and confyned with-in the Occean that then it is good to feare the instabilitie of thinges And seeing what-so-ever thing is vnder the Moone yea the Moone it selfe is subject to ordinarie changes It must bee an heroicke and more than an humane yea a divine worke the mayntayning of great Kingdomes to great length of tyme and this is not done but by a prudent warinesse and moderation when States are once come to a maturitie for reasonable greatnesse or for Antiquitie as this Kingdome I say againe of Great Britane It is written of Scipio that when hee had ruinated Carthage and destroyed Numantia the two Competitors and Emulators of Rome then hee did not so much wish the farther increase as the continuation of the Romane State So farre that beeing himselfe Censor a whyle there-after and making the Lustrum at the pubilcke Sacrifice the Master of their religious Ceremonies according to their forme hee prayed for the daylie growing of their Empyre Scipio did correct and change the Style of that Invocation Satis inquit bonae ac magnae sunt res Romanae itáque Deos precor vt eas perpetuo incolumes servent ac protinus in publicis tabulis ad hunc modum carmen emendari voluit sayth the Historie Hee would haue the Gods to be invocated only for the continuation of the Empyre because it was alreadie great enough and hee would haue that Phrase of Prayer to remaine there-after in the Bookes publicke of their Priests In which case I say it were madnesse for vs of this Yle to cry for VVarres out of Pryde or for extention of Empyre The mightiest Kings of England as I haue before touched did finde their Forraigue Ambition but troublesome and fruitlesse that after the possession of manie Ages they were contented to quyâ—e the things that they and their Predecessours had lawfullie justlie and long brooked in France But now it is one thing to wish VVarre and another thing to embrace tymouslie a most necessarie and inevitable VVarre Omne bellum necessarium est justum said that Captaine of the Volsques in Livius when the Romanes had determined to conquer his Countrey And no Man can deny it that VVarre which is necessarie is just because wee defyne necessarie that which can bee no other-wyse The Volsques behooved to quyte their Countreyes Libertie or fight with the Romanes Againe that VVarre which is mooved to procure Peace and is defensiue it is a just VVarre GOD and Nature doe warrand that So I say for ought I see wee are to embrace a VVarre most just in all these three Respectes and I show it by this Argument To doe that which may stop the comming against our Countrey a mightie Enemie whose designe to conquer vs is hereditarie to him it is both necessarie defensiue and tendeth to purchase Peace But to make VVarre to such an Enemie within some part of his owne Dominions is to impeach and stop his comming Ergo the mooving of VVarre against him is just defensiue and tendeth to procure Peace The Major of this Syllogisme is so cleare that it needeth no probation the light of Reason doeth show it The Minor is verified by the ordinarie experience of all Ages gone and Histories bee full of Examples of the same where-of I will alleadge for Brevities cause but three or foure of the most famous and most frequentlie cited by everie Man vpon this kynde of Theame The noble Yland of Sicilia seated betwixt Rome and Carthage the two mightie Emulators for the Empyre of the VVorld was long stryven for and often-times assaulted by them both as a thing that would downe-swey the Ballance of their Emulation and draw after it vniversalitie of Dominion Amongst others Agathocles King there-of beeing hardlie besiedged with-in his Towne of Syracuse by the Carthagenians hee did closelie convoy him-selfe foorth and went with an Armie into Africke by meanes where-of they were forced to lift the Siedge and turne home for defence of their owne Countrey Which exploit Scipio Afriâ— did object in these Termes to Fabius Maxintus who went about in the Senate to hinder the sending of an Armie with Scipio against Carthage during Hanniball his beeing in Italie Car ergo Agathocâ—eâ—â— Syâ—â— regem 〈◊〉 Sicilia punico bello vexaretur transgressum in hanc eandem Africam avertisse eo bellâ—â—n vnde venerat non rofers There-after the Romanes perceiving that Amilcar the Father of Hanniball was likelie to adjoyne Sicile to Carthage therefore to prevent that a conquering People should not spreade over their Armes to Italie they resolved to make VVarre with them in Sicilâ—a it selfe From the same ground the Carthagâ—nianâ— after the fulling of Sicile into the handes of the Romanes fearing lyke-wyse their comming
everie way betwixt them and the Spanyard divided but by one Mountaine of the Pirenees and no other-wise Thus haue I discoursed on this last Point to let you see what great necessitie haue Princes who vvould make Warres to bee vvell provided of Moneyes vvhich because it doeth no lesse touch and concerne vs vvho bee Subjectes of this Kingdome than it doeth our Soveraigne King it shall bee verie expedient to treate some-what seriouslie of it as the weightiest Article wee haue to speake of That wee are bound to contribute to just and necessarie Warre vnder-taken by our Prince Pro aris focis not onelie our Goods but our Lyues it is a Position that no Man will contradict And to know that vvee of this Kingdome are most obliedged of anie People in the World not onelie to doe so but to accept the necessitie of so doing vvith much patience and thankfulnesse to GOD for the great Peace and Quietnesse vouchsafed on vs during a whole Age by-gone vvithout the smallest interruption which what an extraordinarie Blessing it is wee cannot vnderstand never having felt nor knowne the Afflictions of VVarre But if vvee shall set before our Eyes as Portracts of those Calamities the fearfull Naufrages of our Neighbours during the time of our Quyetnesse and the disastrous and sorrowfull Dayes of our owne Predecessours before our Times whilst this Yle remained disvnited and vnder discordant Kinges wee should not then forbeare to fall vpon our Faces and to adore that Bountie of the MOST HIGH who did reserue so happie Dayes for vs. As for our Neighbours wee haue so often heard the Thunders of their Troubles sounding in our Eares and as it were securelie standing vpon the Sâ—oare so often behelde the Spoiles of their Tempests that I neede not to particularize anie Examples of things that are so recent When those of that Noble Citie of Paris the Queene of all the Townes of the World were forced by this tyrannie of Spaine to nowrish them-selues with the bodies of Horses of Dogs Cats and Rats we were fed the greater part of vs to Superfluitie and all to Sufficience When those of her Countrey about were glad to get an houre of sleepe in their Armour vnder some Covert in the Fieldes the LORD did grant to vs Mollibus incumbere toris pingues exigere somnos As for our Predecessours if wee shall cast over the Annals of our Nation wee shall finde it the most cruent and bloodie Historie where-in since the establishment of our Crowne not-with-standing of the matchlesse Antiquitie and lawfulnesse there-of wee shall not reade of an Age nor halfe nor third part of an Age free from desperate Warres now with Peghts now with Daneâ— now with Saxons now with Romanes now with English tantae molis erat Romanam condere gentem where not onlie Men but Women did ordinarilie goe to Battell ordinarilie I say for manie Ages after manie Testimonies of our famous Historiographer Hector Boâ—ce where-of I will ciâ—e to you but one in his sixt Booke where hee setteth downe that fearfull Battell foughten against them by Maximus the Romane Generall with the assistance of the Saxones and perfidious Peghts where-in our King Eugenius with the whole Nobilitie Gentyle Commons and their aged Parents were nearlie extinguished without anie hope of farther memorie of our Race except that it pleased GOD to reserue miraculouslie amidst their Ashes some sparkles of Lyfe which did after some Yeares reviue and restore the Progresse of our Nation Convenere sayeth hee ad Eâ—genium regem frequontes viri foeminae que ad militiam ex veteri gentis instituto vrgentibus extremis conscriptae clamantes aut eo die moriendunt sibi omnibus fortiter dimicando aut vincendos infensissin os hostes c. There did conveane sayeth hee vnto the King Eâ—gemus multitudes of Men and Women to stand in Battell according to the ancient and observed custome of the Countrey protesting that day either to vanquish and destroy their deadlie Enemie or other-wise to lay downe their whole Lyues into the Sepulchers of Valour and Dignitie And a little there-after speaking of their ardor and fiercenesse in that Battell Whylst the furie of the Enemie did approach vnto the King's Person the Noble Men assisting nearest vnto him did perswade him yea with akinde of Violence pressed him to retire his Person and saue him-selfe to a better Fortune and to the Common-wealth but hee casting from him his Kinglie Ornaments did thrust him-selfe amongst the vulgar Ranks to the Maine of the Battell where with incredible Cowrage and contempt of Death hee did sacrifice his Heroicke Spirit Few of Men and of Women al-most none did escape this Calamitie and whylst the Romanes did too insolentlie and fiercelie persue the small numbers of those who at the length did flee they did recounter a new sort of Combate never of before knowne vnto them for why the remnant of the aged people Men and Women vnable for Warres did follow a-farre vpon the Armie to know what should be fall there-vnto and finding the event so bad and infortunate they did runne vnto the Vveapons and Armour of their dead Children and forgetting both Age and Sexe did encowrage those few that yet did rest aliue to make a new assault vpon the Romanes which they did more like vnto savage and enraged Beasts than puissed by anie humane instigation where they were all consumed and not without great slaughter of their Enemies These are the verie words of the VVriter by my Translation from the Latine Text. Of the lyke to this the Historis hath manie to show what was the bitter Cup of our Antecessours compared with our delicacie and what they did vnder-lye for maintaâ—nance of that Libertie where-of wee haue enjoyed the Sweetnesse This and thus was the Foundation which it pleased GOD to blesse and to build vpon it a statelie and vnited Monarchie after the which the Spanyard doeth no lesse greedilie gape now than did the Romanes then Heere is an Object of yeelding infinite thankes to GOD and honour to the memorie of our generose Antecessours They kept constant VVarres in expectation and wee beginne now to bee called to VVarres for that where-of wee haue had long Fruition They were as the Israelites in the Desarts vnder Moses and wee like vnto Israel vnder Salomon we are but gentlie pressed as yet GOD grant it hee so long to sende foorth some of our able Youthes and that is an Advantage to vs it being a Liberation of our Countrey from that it may want commodiouslie and then to contribute some Tryfles of our Goods for their entertainment And wee haue better store of Men and ten times more Moneyes praised bee GOD than our Antecessours had who did render willinglie both Lyues and Goods and VVyfe and Children and all for the service of their Prince and Countrey And because it may bee this bee compted a rash or temerarious Speach I thinke it may bee
everie Man doeth fill his own Spheare and everie Man's estate is a Kingdome to him-selfe Perseus that mightie King having beside him infinite Treasures and refusing to bestow some of them to Gentius a Neighbour-prince and others who offered to combate the Romanes in Italie he suffered them to over-throw him-selfe in his owne Countrey Darius cōmitted the lyke Errour with Alexander and Stephanus King of Bosna the lyke with Mabomet the second as I haue remembered before wee may prayse GOD that wee haue not such avaricious Kings What is it that good and naturall Subjects will not doe for the safetie of the Sacred Persons of their Kings Let bee of their Kingdomes vvhere-in wee haue our Portion and common Interesse with them We may reade in the Histories of France what domage that Countrey did sustaine for the liberation of their King Iohn taken by Edward the Blacke Prince of England at the Battell of Poiteou and of King Francis the first taken at the Battell of Pavie and in our owne Histories what our Predecessours did for the redemption of King David Bruce led Captiue in England and there detained eleven yeares Liberatus sayeth the Historie undecimo ex qu◠captus est anno numeratis quingentis millibus Mercarum Sterlingarum in presenti moneta Hee was redeemed vpon payment of fiue hundreth thousand Marks Sterling in argent contant A thing most admirable the scarcitie of Moneyes in those dayes considered If a Physition should cōmand vs in time of a dangerous Sicknesse to take a little Blood for preservation of the whole Bodie wee should bee glad to obey him why not by the like reason when our King who cureth and careth for the Bodie of the Common-wealth doeth command vs to bestow some of our Goods for safetie of our whole Estate ought wee not to obey if wee were versed in the French Annals to know what innumerable spoile of Goods was there before the Spanyards could bee pyked out of the Nests which they did build vpon their Coasts and with-in their Bowels wee would bee content to spende to our Shirt as it is saide before they should plant their Tents amongst vs. I haue alreadie told you how they are of Melancholious and fixed Mindes not easilie raysed or remooved where once they are set downe where-of wee see the present experience into the Palatinate To take and then to giue backe againe is not the way of their Designe to vniversall Empyre over their Neighbours If anie would object that the Palatinate is detayned for Reparation of the Wrongs and Injuries done in Bohemia hee hath little skill in the Effaires of the VVorld for why these might haue bene long since composed or redressed but it is done to facilitate their Conquest in Germanie to enclose the Nether-Landes from Succourse of their Friendes there and to open a Gate into England by length of Tyme vvhen they shall finde the Occasion fitting So that if the Kings of Great Britane and France together with their Confederates of Germanie the Netber-Lands doe not joyne their Forces to banish them tymouslie from the Palatinate as the Romanes did the Carthagenians from Sicilia vvhich I did note in the beginning here-of doubtlesse they vvill bee vpon their owne Neckes at the length There vvas a great Intervale of Tyme betwixt the first and second Warres of the Romanes against the Carthagenians and yet the last did come to passe and there-with the vtter over-throw of the Carthagenian State And here I must recount a thing vvhich I haue often called to mynde since His Majesties comming from Spayne and that the Treatie of his Marriage did there expyre how I my selfe the yeare of their Pacification vvith Holland beeing in the Towne of Brussels in familiar discourse touching our late Soveraigne his cōming to the Crowne of England vvith a Scottish Gentle-man of a fine Wit Experience In-sight in the Spanish Designes and vvho had beene long tyme a Coronell and Counsellor of Warre amongst them Coronell Semple hee sayd to me That al-be-it King Iames vvas an aged wise Prince vvho had providently practized his peaceable Entrie to England that yet he vvas much beholden to that Tyme so fortunate as it vvas for him vvhen Spayne being so broken vvith longsome VVarres had al-most begged their Peace frō Holland And how-so-ever sayd he your King may be free of vs during his lyfe yet if ye shall surviue him ye shall see no more Peace betwixt England and Spayne adding vvith-all this Speach Laus non solum hominum est sed etiam temporum Where-vnto I did answere that by these it seemed that the Spanyard intended to conquer England Then he rehearsed to me the manie notable Injuries done to them by the English Nation by their prowde and fascuous ejection of King Philip before the death of Marie by their fostering of their Rebels in Flanders by their protection of Don Antonio King of Portugall and ayding of him vvith Sea Armies but namelie by their ordinarie Sea Rapines and insolent Navigation vvithout the controlling and coercing vvhere-of Spayne could not be in so good Case as vvas hoped for to be in progresse of Tyme And in the ende hee did subjoyne thus farre If your Catholicke Noble-men of Scotland with whom my selfe sayd he did negotiate from Spayne had bene wyse and constant your Countrey might haue bene long before now in a twentie-folde more happie Condition vnder the Dominion of Spayne than ever it can be vnder the Crowne of England the Yoake of whose Servitude and Tyrannie shall questionlesse become intollerable to you so soone as that King shall be gone who doeth so well know you for why by reason of their Vicinitie and nearnesse vnto you they shall be ever preassing to draw great Rents from you into England which cannot fayle to impoverish your Countrey where-as by the contrarie the Spanyard should not only spend it amongst your selues but should also yearlie send in great summes of Money to you according as he doeth here in Flanders in his other Provinces This Storie did I after my returning to London relate to His Majestie who is nowe with GOD and who having heard it did answere me That Semple was an olde Traytor and dangerous companie for his Subjects which went beyond the Seas Thus the Spanyardes know not when the Fish will swimme but they doe keepe their Tydes diligentlie and haue their Nets hung in all Mens Waters so that if anie of vs would thinke that the present Quarrell against Spayne is more sibbe to the King our Soveraigne than to vs by reason of the Palatinate it were absurd ignorance also For first granting it vvere so yet there can bee no Separation betwixt the Head and the Members whome GOD and Nature haue knit together there is none can loose Next agayne it is well knowne that our late King of blessed memorie could haue gotten to marrie his onlie Daughter greater and the greatest of Christian Princes if it
moue the valiant wyse King Robert Bruce in his Testamentall Counsels to his private Friends it being the Minoritie of his Sonne to leaue this Direction Tanquam arranum imperii vel domus Augusti That there shold never be a Lord nor great Man in the Yles but they shold remaine perpetuallie impropriate to the Crown Ea-enim oportunitate saith the Writer sitae sunt eaque incolaruÌ„ mobilitas ut levissimam 〈◊〉 causam ad rebellionem impelluntur nec deficientes facile reducantur As much I say of our Hie-Landes That in all Ages by-gone haue beene the Strong Refuge of Bloodie Traytors and those vvho haue violated the Sacred Lyâ—es of our Kinges for the which Cause we reade very neare to the beginnings of this Kingdome that Evenus the second who was but the fourteenth King from the first having with much Businesse repressed the Tyrannie of Gillus who pretended to be King and trusted himselfe to the Rebellious Hie-lands and Yles Thereafter for the better assuring of that Barbarous People and reducing of them to Civill Knowledge and Carriage hee builded two Cities in two severall Countreyes Ennernesse which is to this day a flowrishing Towne in the Northerne partes and Ennerlochtie vpon Loch-Tay And in our owne tymes we haue seene amongst them such Proude and Incorrigible Oppressions of Neighbour People such Cruelties and Nefarious Perpetrations as if they did not feare eyther GOD or the Devill Whyles the Romanes were so politicke in Britane is it not much more easie for His Majestie who now governeth here to reforme that 〈◊〉 by frequent Plantation of GOD'S VVord which of all thinges is the greatest Dauâ—ter of the Mynd Certaynlie it is more easie by twentie to one more necessarie for His Majestie to performe than it was for the Romanes then The Perfect Plantation chiefely of these Yles with Burgall Cities Civill People and Christian Clergie were a most Glorious and Emperiall VVorke For besides the clozing of that Backe-Doore to the Suretie of the Crowne and Quietitude of the Kingdome it should be the Meanes to erect the Fishing of our Scottish Seas a Ritch Trade esteemed sufficient for the Employment of 50000 Persons a thing of great Consequence for our Countrey wherein there be even Swarmes of Indigent Necessitous People and a thing of greater Importance to the yearlie Finances of the Crowne than anie that hath bene excogitate in tymes by-gone The Discourse of the Nature of Tythes hath carried mee too farre from the Poynt thereof which is most proper for this Treatise that is Of what Discontentment may justlie aryse to vs by reason of the Reformation intended by His Majestie of Tythe-Abuses or Oppressions done by Tythe-Masters vvhere-in I neede not to insist much to debate it for if Oppression bee a Crying Sinne it will speake for it selfe I haue onelie two Words If the Noble-man can put a Bridle in a Gentlemans Month by any Right to his Tenthes although hee were his Nearest Kinsman hee can as everie Man seeth command him as his Horse Hee causeth the Poore Labourers of the Ground to leade his Tythes to a Milne perhaps to his Barne-Yard too and whereas they vvere illuded in the beginning of Reformation of Religion in Scotland and made to belieue that they should pay but the Fifteenth Sheaffe now it is so rigorouslie exacted that if there bee a Stucke ruffled with the Weather or with the Beasts that the Tenth-master will not haue hee must haue the best And in place to shaue the Poore Man's Haire gentlie by a Violent Pull hee bringeth with him a Portion of his Hyde If Reformation of these bee intended it is no Matter of Discontentment but of Common Ioye yea even to Noble-men it should bee so that the Wayes of Oppression bee stopped for stopping the Current of GOD'S Wrath against them or their Posteritie I doe reverence the Iudgements of GOD and will not take on mee definitiuelie to pronounce wherefore Hee doeth inflict them a Case oftentymes hidden from the Eyes of Men But surelie it is great Pittie to see the Desolation of so manie Honourable Houses as haue beene overthrowne in this Land since the first casting downe of Churches and Religious Houses and turning of Tythes into Temporall Goods And if Noble-men were to brooke them still they shall doe well to agree to the Reformation of Abuses or which were better in my Opinion for them and all others to submit our selues to GOD and to the goodnesse of our Prince who hath alreadie by publicke Declaration manifested the Benignitie of his Meaning towards these things that all Rights of his Subjects lawfullie purchased shall bee confirmed everie Man shall haue his Tythes vpon easie Conditions which seemeth agreeable to their first Institution by GOD where the Payer and his Familie were admitted to the Participation of Tythes and that all Men shall bee fred from Servitude and forced Dependances And since Tythes are Bona Eceles Bona Pauperum Bona Reip. there is no doubt but a Christian King who is Father of the Church of the Poore of the Common-wealth may dispense and dispose of them and of Ecclesiasticke Effayrs as David did and Salomon and the Christian Emperours in the Primitiue Church which is the Reason why in their Coronation they were anoynted with the Oyle of the Priesthood why the Kinges of England were at their Inauguration cloathed Stola sacerdo tall to testifie their Ecclesiasticke Power The CHURCH is sacred and so is the Common-wealth the CHURCH being served and the Poore who be Members of the CHURCH and Schooles provided for the Prince may employ the Superplus as they shall please for the Common-wealth But now because the speciall Scope of this Treatise is to show as well the Necessitie of makeing Warre as the Meanes to doe the same therefore I must speake of one thing vvhich appeareth to bring a notable Inconvenient and Diâ—tresse to this Tyme if it bee not prevented and that is the great Scarcitie that shall bee of readie Money in this Countrey before it bee long by reason that the greatest part of our best Coyne is either exported by Merchands or looked vp in their Hands and by reason of the exorbitant Summes that His Majestie must of necessitie daylie sende beyond Seas for mayntaynance of the Warres where-anent before I set downe my Opinion touching the Stabilitie or Iustabilitie of Money-Pryces in Scotland I will say some-what of the Nature thereof in generall for Disquisition vvhereof I vvill goe no farther backe in Antiquitie than to the Romanes vvho before their first Punicke Warres to vvit Anno 490 of their State had no other Coyne but of the Asse in Brasse because the Septentrion Regions wherin there be Mines of Silver but not of Golde the Indees where there bee both of Silver and Golde were vnknowne to them at that time some yeares before they had Gold but neither in Coyne nor in Quantitie Camillus beeing Dictator when Rome was taken by the Gaules Anno
that there is not amongst them all so manie Ordinance or Sea-Munition of Gunnes as I haue seene in my time to bee in one of your Shippes by the which doing the poore Maâ—iners are now in this Dangerous Time brought to this Desperate Case that they dare not adventure to Sea partlie for want of Employment and partlie for want of Munition and Equipage Merch. I did follow the Trafficke so long as I could gaine anie thing for my Paines now there is nought to be had for why His Majesties Imposts are so great that by three Voyages to Bourdeaux I haue found that in name of Impost His Majestie hath gotten all my whole Stocke Commiss That is an Ambiguous Speach for I thinke yee would say that His Majestie hath gotteÌ„ as much as your Stocke so that your Gaine is not so great as it was wont to bee when at one Voyage yee did double or triple your Stocke And I aske you If that bee not a most Laudable Vertue wheÌ„ sitting in your House at Home ye caÌ„ by employing of 3 Voyages Avance to His Majesties Coffers the Aequivalent of your Stocke when yee can mayntayne the Means of their Living to numbers vvho serue in your Ships keepe your Stocke vvith reasonable Gayne although it vvere but small rather than to roust your Moneys in your Cabinet How vvould ye liue in Holland vvhere there is not a Loafe of Bread nor a Pot of Biere vvhich doeth not pay more of Impost than it is vvorth before it come to anie Man's Table and yet none doeth complayne or finde Harme by it But contrarie that Common Intercourse of Money vvith the Dexteritie vvhere-by they rule it hath bene the onlie thing to sustayne their Longsome Warres And is not Money appoynted for such Vses Merch. Our Condition is not alyke to theirs their Traffique is great and questuous they doe coÌ„mand the Seas we haue no such doing here Commiss What if His Majestie and His Counsell should make a Law not so much respecting the Importance of His Impostes as for the Common-wealth Standing of Maritine Towns that everie rich Burgesse inhabiting the same should employ at least the two part of his State to the Sea Trade doe yee not thinke it were a Princelie Policie for the Conservation of them Good of the whole Countrey Merch. But who theÌ„ should buy the Gentle-man's Land vvhen he is not able to brooke his Estate Commiss His Creditors behoved to accept them in Payment and it should teach vs to liue more frugallie in tymes comming vvhen wee should see such Difficultie to turne Lands into Money Alwayes because we must haue your Silver to come foorth to serue this Tyme I vvill insist farther with you to aske why ye doe not bestow it vpon Lands and Annuall Rents since yee haue with-drawne it from the Sea Trade that the Countrey may haue the Necessarie Vse there-of Merch. Landes are not so readie at hand as they haue beene some years by-gone almost all who needed haue sold that Market is nearlie past besides that the Tyme is dangerous great appearance of Warres and of a Broken State Commiss Then it were rather to vent your Money for eight or seaven of the hundreth to trustie Debtors who could assure you against all your Fears Merc. Before wee doe that wee will keepe it in our Coffers a Man may vse his owne proper Goods after his owne Mynde if it vvere to consume them by Ryot and Drunkennesse Commiss That is a bad and Intollerable Speach as if wee Countrey Gentle-men should say It is lawfull for vs to vse our Landes as wee please and to cast barren and vnlaboured the best part that wee may plague you Burgall People with Scarsitie and Famine Howsoever it is neglected heere yet in the most Politicke States which haue beene that Libertie was not permitted to Men to doe as they would even with their owne Goods or Lands Wee reade in the Lawes of the 12 Tables amongst the Romanes this Caveat That hee who was a Prodigall Debosher should bee intradicted as a Foole Situ â—ona patria avitaâ—que vel tua nimia nequitia disperdere liberosâ—que tuos ad egestatem perducere volueris tunc hoc commercio tibi interdicendum est And by the Lawes of Solon and of the Areopagits such Persones called Patrimoniorum de Coctores Devourers of their Patrimonies were with Infamie debarred from Honourable Assemblies accused as Criminall Persons cast into Prison and derobbed of farther Commerce amongst Men. And heere I must tell you it had bene happie that such Lawes had beene amongst vs in this Countrey these thirtie yeares by-gone where-in manie vertuous Men vndergoing CautionrieÌ„s for their Profused and Prodigall Friendes haue bene naufraged by you Merchands who will not persue the Principall Debtor nor comprize his Lands but doe still attake you to the Cautioner Now to the Purpose if the Common-wealth should bee dearer to vs than our Children because shee doeth nowrish vs both then if Lawes may interdict vs for the sake of our Children much more it must bee so for the sake of our Mother the Common-wealth from the Safetie where-of doth depend the Vniversall Good of all her Members So that when Question is of the Weale of the State neither must yee bee so absolute Master of your Moneyes nor I of my Lands as ye doe imagine Alwayes I suppose that I know certaine Meanes where-by your Silver may bee exposed to Publicke Trafficke without your Losse or Discontentment but because it toucheth a secret of Policie I will forbeare anie Mention of it heere and take mee to propone another thing for Increase of Money where-of it being common to others as well as to you I will speake in Common and make an ende of my Conference with you Merchands in particular Amongst other thinges that haue made so great Scarcitie of Coyne amongst vs there is one which with great Reason ought and with great Advantage may bee reformed and this is the Aboundance of Silver Plate Chaines Girdles Bracelets and such as haue crept into Scotland since our Vnion with England It is acknowledged in Histories that the pryde of Emperours in guilding with Golde spacious Pallaces Temples and Towne-Houses was the first thing that did scarce the Golde and haught the Pryce there-of as that large Fabricke builded in Rome by Nero all beguilded where-in there were diverse Galleries of 1000 spaces and as the Capitoll to the beguilding where-of Vespasian did employ seaven Millions and two hundreth thousand Crownes of finest Golde And the Temple Pantâ—eon which wee see yet extant beguilded by Agrippa for saving the Copper and Brasse from Roust There-after they became so Prodigall to beguilde also the Yron and Silver that it should not bee subject to Roust Wee reade in the French Histories that so great hath beene the Prodigalitie of that Nation for the vse of Clinkarts Lace and Cloath of Golde and Silver that Lawes haue beene set downe to bring
Discourse The first the greatnesse of the Spanish Empyre The Importance and Worth of Portugall The second to be marked of the former Discourse is the extent of the Spanish Ambition The Spanish Vsâ—â—pation over the Consistorie of Rome â— 3. Observation vpon the former Discourse is the Insidiation of the Spanish Ambition Nâ—melie Antonio 〈◊〉 Parricidâ—e practised in Spaine as in Turkâ—e by a religous Tradâ—tion Christian Princes to be aâ—ware of Spanish Treacheries 〈…〉 Parricidie practised in Spâ—tne as in Turkie by a religous Tradition Christian Princes to be aâ—ware of Spanish Treacheries A tryall of what VVeaknesse is into this great Empyre The State and Counsell of Spayâ— not interrupted or altered by the death of a King Fortitude of Empyre standeth in 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 Examples of dis-vnited Conquests The Spanish Provinces disjoinâ—ed members The Spanyard draweth nought from his Provinces The commodities of his Proâ—nees What is the greatest Treasure of a Prince Inconvenientes following vpon the being of Treasures in the hands of Princes Treasures collected by great Kinges most often vnhappilie spended Publicke Charitie of Augustus Princes haue manie occasions not knowne to Subjectes of necessaâ—ie debursments Oblations of Money ancientlie made to Princes First Impost of the Salt in France a gratuitie temporall but turned to be annuall Another VVeaknesse of Spaine to bee feared of all Cardinall 〈◊〉 against 〈◊〉 the second of Spaine The Portugals doe hate the Castilians The origine of the Portugals and 〈◊〉 The whole 〈◊〉 of Spaine doe hate their Prince his greatnesse why they doe so It is not so easie for our Noble men to rebell now as before our Conjunction with England A cleare Testimonie there-of A 〈◊〉 supposed in Spaine for 〈◊〉 of Armes and how it is so Their naturall Pryde a great VVeaknesse Viâ—e Description of the Spanish Hâ—mour The Spanish Punctualitie approacheth to Nullitie Deâ—cription of Punctualitiâ— A quicke observation for Punctualitie The Navarâ—oies doe hate the Spanyard And the French too The Pryde of Spayne to bee opposed by Vvarre Colonâ—es Plantatioâ— of Nova Scotia Incommodities and Evils following on VVarrâ— When a Kingdome is iâ—perfection then bee aware of Warres Great Bâ—itane alreadie a perfect Monarchie Wisdome and Moderation of Scipio 〈◊〉 Forraigne 〈◊〉 fâ—uitlesse for our Princes The definition of a just Warre Our Warre against Spaine just in three maine respectes Livius dec 3. lib. 8. Agâ—silaus â— poore King went against the Persian Empyre 〈…〉 How the Spanyard is proved to bee our Enemie How Scotland is furnished of Men for Warre Neglect of militarie Discipline Thenature of Leagues and Consederacies Confeâ— for the Battell of Lapanto Confed of the Romanes and 〈◊〉 Confed betwixt Carâ—es the eight of France the Duke of Milan Confederacie against Lewis the eleventh of France Leagues or Confederacies of Salt Deliberation for War the weightiest matter belonging to a King Confederates against Spayne Whether small or grosse Armies to bee sent to Enemie Countreyes The longsome Warres of Amurat the third improfitable â— prudent Prince will not manage Warres within but without his Countreyes Palatinate the most honourable place of this VVarre VVest Flanders a proper Seat for Wars against Spayne Going of the Navie latelie to Portugall Couâ—sels not to bee pondered by the events The going of our King in person to Spayne The English auncientlie most victorious in Spaine Scanderbeg VVilliam VVallace Henrie Earle of Richmond against Richard the third with 2000 French Portugall and Navarre the first revolters from Spaine The VVest Indees in the possession of a great Monarch aninfallible meanes to vniversalitie of Empyre the proofe there of Money the Nerue of VVarre and the proofe there-of Greatest States and Monarches straited for wâ—nt of Money The hudge Moneyes gotten by Charles the fift into Peru. The naturall humour and manners of the French Nation A 〈◊〉 of the Reâ—sorâ— which should encowrage vs agaynst the spaâ—yâ—rd Co â—emplatâ—on of our 〈…〉 during our Pâ—ace this 〈◊〉 byâ—gone Calamitie of the Citie of Paris and of whole France Contemâ—lation of the Troubles of our Predecessors Maximus the Romane Generall against the Scottish King Eugeâ—â—â— Encowragement from great Reasons It is proved that there is more by a great deale of Money and Men now than our Predecessours had It is showne that the broken Estates of particular meâ— doeth not argue the povertie of a Countrey The dâ—ngerous consequence of ingratitude in People A wicked People doe make a wicked King A Bridge of Golde to bee made for Enemies to passe out on Iust and true Encowragements from solide Causes Captivitie of King Iohn of France and of Francis the first Great Ransome payed by our Antecessours for King David Bruce if the Author was not a little mistaken Philip de Cominit sayth fiue hundreth thousand Crownes The Causes why the Palatinate is detained by the Spanyard A remarkable Speach of Coronell Semple to the Author of this Treatise The Quarrell of the Palatinate most â—ib to vs why Iohn Knoxe against the Regiment of Women Of our domesticke discontent or Feares The going of the Navie to the Seas and our publicke Fast. Secrecie advanceth great Enterpryses Secresie of Iulius Caesar Charles the fift 〈◊〉 the eleventh and of the 〈◊〉 Councell The Reformation or Innovation of Magistrates 〈…〉 Senators are to bee of good Age Experience Numâ— 11. Inconvenients that follow the perpetuitie of Magistrates Inconvenientes by the Innovation of Magistrates and Counsellers Vtilitie of the Censor amongst the Romanes The Spanish Syndicator in place of the Censor Nature of the Comiss. for Grievances A latter appellat due to Soveraignitie Two of one Familie not to bee of one Session of Iudges approoved in France â—efoâ—mation of the Barre Advoâ—ats Low necessarie Imposts mâ—â—entâ—e layde vpon Processes 〈◊〉 Sainct Enemie to Meâ—cenaâ—ie Advotation Emanuelâ— King of Portugall Enemie to Mercenarie Advocation In what Christiâ—n Countrâ—yes no Advocation In Venice Advocates haue two Audiences and no more Multitude of Iudges profitable Heritable Magistrates Bod. in Repub. Erected Church Lands If the Patrimonie of the Crowne bee alienable Domaine of Republickes not alienable How Christian Princes doe accept their Crownes Princes like vnto GOD doe creat Men of nothing The last Convention of the 〈◊〉 of Scotland To be wished that the Church-LaÌ„ds had ever remained with the Crowne Ritches haue spoyled the Pietie of the Church The Laiciâ— did spend the Church-rents in even in time of Popeâ—â—ie The stupiditie of Princes and People not observing the Evils following vpon the Ritches of the Church The number of the Ecclesiasticall Estates in 〈◊〉 How Princes doe remember these Evils The nature of Tythes Of Tenthes The Arguments vsed against Evangelicall Tenthes Why they arâ— thought Ceremoniall The Priests of Melchisedek Tythes devoted by positiue Lawes When Dedication in Scotland The Benediâ—â—ne order frequent and â—amous in Scotland Calvinâ— and Perkins deny Tythes Evangelicall Puritanes opposed to the Pops Church even in good things Tythes vnderstood by naturall Light of the Gentiles Mystorie of the number â—0 Created or Instrumentall Wisdome VVisd Salom 7. Eccles. 1. Esai 40. Ch. The nature of Number in generall Nature of Angels GOD is Vnitie Veritie and Bonitie Definition of Vnitie GOD is the Centre of all Things GOD hath particular respects for particular Numbers Great vse of the Number 7. Nature of the Dualitie Nature of the Novenarie or Number 9. Ten is the Quotient or fulnesse of Nature Man was the first Tythe CHRIST was the second Tythe Psal. 144. CHRIST began and clozed thâ— Circle of Nature A Speach of Roboâ— Mes. Hardas worthie observation The Opinion of Iunius concerning Tythes Two sorts of Puritane opponents to Episcopall GovernameÌ„t and Rentes discordant amongst themselues Persecution of Iulian worse than of Dioclesian Plantation of the North Ylâ—s of Scotland of what Importance Battell of Hare-Law Abuses and Oppressions by way of Tythes Discourse of the Nature and Courie of Moneyes Gold cannot be employed without a â—ixtion of â—ilver Fraude of Gold-smiths and of Coyners What the heighting of Money doth impoâ—t A great heighting of Moneyes amongst the Romanes in their Punicke Warres Soveraigne Vertues of the Golde Elias Artista Of Moneyes kept vp by Merchands Decay of Ships and the 〈◊〉 why Meanes to restore Shipping in Maritine Townâ— Prodigall Persoâ—s interdyâ—â—d by â—aw No private Man is absolute Lord of his Lands or Goods Against the Prodigalitie of 〈◊〉 Plate and guilding with Golde Ritches of Scip. Asriâ— Ferdinandus Magn. did sel his Silver Plate and Iewels Charles the ninth of France did coyne his Silver Plate Lib. 33. Prescription for Dyet and Apparell Hector Boâ—â—â— Lib. 12. Speach to the King's Majestie Diligence of Augastus against his Enemies Who be Enemies to the present Governament of this Kingdome Vigilance over the Admission of Bishops and Ministers Honour done by Augustus to the Senators The Modellie of â—â—aries the fift of France Lewis the eleventh of France would not suffer his Son to learne the Latine Tongue The Condiâ—â—on of Senators chosen by Augustus Great Affection of King Darius to Zopyrus Diligence Mechanicke of Augustus to know the Revenewes and Debursments ordinarie of the Empyre Vigilance of the Persian Kings over their Finances Diligence of Augustus to ease the People immatters of Law Processes Supplication in Favouâ—s of the S. 〈◊〉 of Scotland Plutare de Fortuna aut virtute Alexandri The notable Magnanimitie of Alexander whilst he wanted Money GOD maketh althings in Nature with Tyme and Patience The Youth-head of every thing in Nature most observed and looked to The Monopole 〈◊〉 the Salt in France