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A78513 A brief tract on the fourth commandment wherein is discover'd the cause of all our controversies about the Sabbath-day, and the means of reconciling them ...Recommended by the Reverend Dr. Bates, and Mr. John How. Chafie, Thomas. 1692 (1692) Wing C1789; Wing B1099; ESTC R19953 88,157 93

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according to their order that day was called by the name of that Planet so Worshipped As Saint-Worshippers do call the days of the month on which they gave special Worship to St. Peter St. John St. James St. Peters day St. Johns day and St. James day So did those Sun-Worshippers on what days of the week they gave special Wo●ship to the Sun or Moon or Saturn those days were called by the names of the day of the Sun the day of the Moon the day of Saturn The time of the day for their Worship was ever the forenoon not the whole forenoon for them all but at the rising of the Sun when the first hour of their day for such Worship began And that Planet which came to be Worshipped by course the first hour of the day was counted Trump or Lord of that day They gave not equal Honour unto the Planets neither were the days of their week alike Sacred but they had the Sun in the greatest Honour and for their most high God next to him was the Moon and the next Saturn so accordingly were their days Sacred their chiefest day of the week being then the day of the Sun of which I will speak more when I come to speak of their seventh day Sacred Boëmus telleth us Writing of Assyria and their Customs that four of the Planets they had in less esteem than the rest His words are these Martem Venerem Mercurium Jovem prae caeteris observari quoniam velut proprium cursum sortiti futura ostenderent tanquam Deorum interpretes (a) Boëus ubi de Assyria quod ipsum ad●o persuasum habuerunt ut quatuor ista astra uno nomine Mercurios appell●rent b That they diligently observed Mars Venus Mercury and Jupiter for these by their proper course would foreshew things to come as being Interpreters of the Gods out of confidence whereof they called all these four Stars Mercuries And my opinion is that as Boëmus doth here orderly recite their names in the same order did the Idolaters place them aloft in their Temples Mars on the right hand and Venus on the left hand of the other three chief then Mercury on the right hand next to Mars and Jupiter last on the left hand The reasons moving me to think these Idols to be thus placed aloft in their Temples are especially two First For that the Romish Church when they had got some power into their hands and did in Pope Boniface the fourth his days suppress the Idolatries of the Heathen who Worshipped their Idols in the Temple at Rome which was Dedicated to all the Gods and then called Pantheon and having instead thereof set up another kind of Worship like unto that even of the Virgin Mary and all Sa●nts Whereupon that day was by that Pope Boniface made an Holy day called by the name of All Saints day and the Temple also Dedicated to the Virgin Mary and All Saints called thenceforth Ecclesia Beatae Mariae rotunda (b) Too Val. Nic. Triveth Com. in Aug. de Civit. Dei l. 2. c. 4. I will deliver the words of an Old Chronologer hereof Iste Bonifacius scilicet Quartus consecravit Pantheon id est Templum omnium Deorum ubi Christiani periclitabantur à Daemonibus Et est pulchra similitudo quomodo Spiritus Sanctus ex malis institutis Paganorum scit eligere Sanctum exercitium devotionis quasi medicina fiat ex veneno Vbi enim impii colebant Daemones ibi Christiani colunt omnes Sanctos sic ars deluditur arte (c) Fascicul temporum And a little after Festum omnium Sanctorum instituitur à Bonifacio quarto Then at that time I suppose were the Images of the Saints placed up on high in their Rood which common People here with us call their Roodloft in imitation of the Heathen For commonly when the Romish Church put down any Idolatrous custom of the Heathen then they set up another resembling that which they put down and this did they either for avoiding the greater scandal of the Heathen which were then potent or to win them the better by degrees to Christian Religion or for some other by respect As the Heathen had some one or other particular Planet or Idol to be the Patron and Protector of some one People or other an● so many Protectors as there were nations Belus for Assyria Diana for Ephesus Jupiter for Rome Juno for Samos Bacchus for Thebes c. So when that Idolatry was supprest instead of these Idols the Roman Church had Holy Saints to be invocated and had for Protectors in like manner Thus was St. James for Spain St. Dionysius for France St. Andrew for Scotland c. As the Heathen Idolaters had for several occasions several Gods and Goddesses on whom they called for help Bellona in time of War Cunina for Infants Segetia for standing Corn Forculus to keep the doors (a) Aug de Civ Dei l. 4. c. 1. c. So the Roman Church to win the Heathens by degrees suffered them to continue in Idolatry still but instead of their Demi-Gods they should invocate Saints St. Rumbal for the Tooth-ache St. Petronel for the Ague St. Loye for Horses St. Anthony for Pigs St. Gregory for Schollars St. George for Souldiers c. What were the Monks and Friars the Chast Shavelings and Holy Nuns but the Natural successors of Berecynthia's and Vesta's Priests and Virgins Rome Heathen had two Goddesses in special reverence Berecynthia and Vesta Berecynthia they held to be the Mother of the Gods (b) Aug. de Civ Dei l. 2. c. 4. Her Priests where Chast un-married men and if it happened that any one of them could not Live Chastly yet he lived Warily until that Atys (c) Tho. Vallois Nic. Triveth in Aug. de Civ Dei l. 2. c. 4 7. l. 7. c. 25. one of her dearest Priests lived neither Chastly nor Warily wherefore he was caused to be Gelded (d) Ovid. de fast l 4. after which time the Priests of Berecynthia otherwise called Cybel were Gelded also and as some Commentators on Augustine say were called Galli id est Castrati (e) Tho Val. Nic. Triveth locis praedic When these were put down by Christians Popish Priests and Fryars succeeded in their room untill this time It hath been wished by not a few that these had been Gelded also as were the former for though these have lived cautè warily yet is it notoriously known that they lived not castè Chastly no more than Atys did witness the many Bones and Sculls of Infants that have been credibly reported to have been found in their Motes and Ponds (f) Nic. Fox his Mart. p. 1155. Andr. Willet Synops Pap. Controv. 5. Quest 5. As for the other Goddess Vesta Ovid and Augustine witness and none denieth that her Priests were Virgins that Idolatrous custom being put down also this of Nuns and Votaries of Chastity unto the Honour of the Virgin Mary