Grievance to be That any Stranger might have a House and dwell in the City be a Broker and buy and sell all sorts of Merchandises by Retail and Stranger sell to Strangers that they may again sell the same Goods to others to the great raising the Price of Merchandises and making them Dear Whereas in times past no Strange Merchant used any of these Practices against the Franchises of the City by which the Merchants of the City were much impoverished the Navy or Shipping much impaired the Private Transactions of the Nation discovered by those Strangers to his Enemies by Spies and others lodging in their Houses And then pray it They pray Remedy would please the King and his good Council in Charity to order in that Parlement that Merchant Strangers should be restrained in these Practices and that the Major Aldermen and Commons of the said City might enjoy their Franchises notwithstanding any Statute or Ordinance made to the contrary The King's Answer was 1 Ibm. Ro. The King's Answer upon Condition c. That upon Condition the City might be under good Government to the Honour of him and Profit of the Kingdom from thence forward no Stranger should have a House to be a Broker nor Sell any Goods by Retail within the City or Suburbs notwithstanding any Statute or Ordinance to the contrary saving to the German Merchants of the Haâ—s-Towns their Franchises Granted and Confirmed to them His Letters Patents to the same purpose by the King and his Progenitors According to the Purport and Effect of this Answer the Major Aldermen and Citizens of London obtained the King's Letters Patents Dated the 4th of November next following The Commons Petition the King That whereas great Riots 2 Ib. n. 164. The Commons Petition against Riots were committed in several parts of the Nation by great numbers of Armed Men that the Sheriffs might raise the Posse Comitatus or Power of the County to suppress them and that the Sheriffs and Justices of Peace might inform the King's Council of such Rebels de tiels Rebelles as refused to go with them The Answer was 3 Ibm. Ro. The King's Answer The King by Advice of his great Council would order Remedy if need were but in the mean time let the Statutes concerning that Matter be put in due Execution This Parlement ended July the 6th in the 50th of Ed. III. Whether the Two Kings sent their Commissioners to Bruges on the 15th of September 1375 as was agreed on or if so what was done then I find not however the Truce continued for in The last Truce continued the next year in a Commission to Thomas de Felton Seneschal or Steward of Aquitan and others Dated the 28th of May in the 50th of Edward the Third for Reforming whatever had been done against the Form of the Truce in that Dutchy and punishing the Offenders it appears that the Truce had then been lately renewed and prolonged from the last day of June next coming when it was to have ended to the first of April which should be in the year 1377 or 51st of Edward the Third Holinshed Fol 411. col 1. n. 60. says it was again continued to the first of May and then the War opened But the King many months before the Expiration of the Truce The King of France designing against King Edward had notice of a Design forming against him by the King of France having made an Alliance with Spain and Scotland to that purpose wherefore on the first of December in the 50th of his Reign he issued 4 Clause 50 Ed. III. M 6. Dors Part 2. He calls a Parlement Writs for a Parlement to meet on the Quinden of St. Hillary or 27th of January next coming at Westminster which was held by Commission to the Prince of Wales then about 10 years of Age the Bishop of St. Davids being Chancellor Who 5 Rot. Parl. 51 Ed. III. n. 11 12 13 The Declaration of the Causes of Summons in his Declaration of the Causes of Summons moved the Lords and Commons to a due Love Affection and Obedience toward the King and his Grandchild the Prince of Wales and then tells the chief Cause of Summons was for the Defence of the Land for that the King having at the Request of the Pope agreed to a Treaty of Peace and that there was a Truce made for a time while a Peace might be made which Truce his Adversary of France had broken and was preparing for War and by the assistance of Spain Scotland and other Enemies to destroy the King Kingdom and English Language To obviate this Design and the Malice of his Enemies and to Maintain the Peace of the Nation within and without by their Counsel and Advice was his great Intention as also to know how the Expence of the War should be provided for and for that it was not fit for a Bishop to say any thing against the Pope Monsieur Robert de Ashton Chamberlain to the King was appointed to propound how further Provision might be made against his Vsurpations as should by a Bill be shewed in this Parlement At another 6 Ib. n. 18. meeting of the Prelates Lords and Commons in Parlement the Commons in the King's Name were directed to go to their Old Place the Chapter House of the Abby of Westminster there to treat and advise how due Resistance might be made to the Enemies of the Nation for the safety of the King Kingdom Navy and themselves and how Money might be most speedily raised to the least Grievance of the People The Prelates and Lords Treating likewise about the same Matters there was A Committee of Lords appointed by Parlement to Treat with the Commons assigned in Parlement to have Conference with the Commons for their better Information the Bishops of Lincoln Chichester Hereford and Salisbury the Earls of Arundel Warwick Salisbury and Stafford the Lords Percy Roos Fitzwalter and Basset To Maintain his 7 Ib. n. 19. Wars considering the great Charges the King was to be at for them the defence of the Kingdom and otherwise the Lords and Commons Grant him Four pence of the A Tax granted Goods of every Person des biens de chescune persone of the Kingdom Male and Female above Fourteen years of Age except very Beggers and most humbly pray their Liege Lord he would please to excuse them that they could grant him no greater Subsidy being most willing to have done it but that they were so impoverished of late by great Losses at Sea as otherwise pur grands perdes sur la meer come autrement that they were unable at present And the Commons 8 Ib. n. 20. Treasurers for the Tax prayed the King he would please to Name Two Earls and Two Barons that should be Treasurers as well of this Subsidy as of that the Clergie was yet to grant and also of the Subsidy of Wool Pelts and Leather
intent upon this Business 5 Ibm. The King of Scots Confederates with the K. of France he had certain Information That the King of Scots with his Prelates Earls Barons and other Noblemen Communities of Cities and Towns and others of the Chief Inhabitants of the Kingdom had made a Confederacy and League with the King of France against him Sealed with both their Seals and Counter-changed 6 Ibm. For Dispatch whereof the King of Scots at the Instance of his Bishops Earls c. sent four Procurators or Commissioners William Bishop of St. Andrews Matthew Bishop of Dunkeld John de Soules and Ingram de Vmfreville the Sum of the League was First That Edward King John's Son should Marry the Daughter The Articles of the Confederacy of Charles of Valois Earl of Anjou the King of France his Brother Secondly That the King of Scotland in the present War should assist the King of France against the King of England and all Confederates as well by Sea as Land against the Emperor of Germany and others Thirdly That he should at his own Charges make War against the King of England when he was Employed in or Diverted by War in other Places Fourthly That as well the Earls 6 Ibm. Barons Prelates and other Noblemen as far as of right they might and also the Communities of ths Kingdom of Scotland should as soon as they could send him their Letters-Patents under their Seals of their Consent to these Things Fifthly That if the King of England Invaded Scotland the King of France was to make War upon him in other Parts to divert him or if required to send Forces into Scotland at his own Charges until they came there Sixthly That if the King of England went out of his Kingdom or sent many Forces abroad the Commissioners promised that especially in this Case the King of Scotland should enter England with his whole Power as far as he could making War in the Field besieging Towns wasting the Countries and by all possible ways Destroying England Sevently That they should not make Peace on either side without the Consent of the other The League it self and the Procuratory-Letters are to be found in this Record and in Hen. de Knighton Col. 2473. Toward the 7 Ibm. King Edward goes to Newcastle time appointed the King of England prepared for his Journey to Newcastle and sent before him the Abbots of Newminster and Wellebeck to the King of Scots to give him notice of the Adjornment and time of his coming by whom he also Demanded certain Castles in the Marches to be Delivered to him for his own and Subjects security from the present Dangers which when past he should Receive again and that he might so Receive them without Difficulty he sent by the Abbots his Obligatory-Letters for the Performance of his Promise On the First of 8 Ibm. The King of Scots came not March 1296 and the 24th of his Reign the King was at Newcastle and staid there many Days Expecting the King of Scots he came not the King of England moved nearer Scotland to Banburgh and War where he also Summoned and Expected him for some time yet he neither came nor sent to Excuse himself but Returned the Homage and Fealty for himself and all others of the Kingdom to King Edward and Defied him by the After a second Summons he Defies him Following Instrument or Writing TO the 9 9 Ibm. Hen. de Knighton Col. 2477. The Instrument by which he returned King Edward his Homage and Defied him Magnificent Prince Edward by the Grace of GOD King of England John by the same Grace King of Scotland Whereas you and others of your Kingdom you not being Ignorant or having cause of Ignorance by your violent Power have Notoriously and Frequently done grievous and intolerable Injuries Contempts Grievances and strange Damages against us the Liberties of our Kingdom and against God and Justice Citing us at your pleasure upon every slight Suggestion out of our Kingdom unduly Vexing us seising our Castles Lands and Possessions in your Kingdom unjustly and for no fault of ours taking the Goods of our Subjects as well by Sea as Land and carrying them into your Kingdom Killing our Merchants and others of our Kingdom carrying away our Subjects and Imprisoning them For the Reformation of which things we sent our Messengers to you which remain not only unredressed but there is every Day an addition of worse things to them For now you are come with a great Army upon the Borders for the Disinheriting us and the Inhabitants of our Kingdom and proceeding have inhumanely committed Slaughter Burnings and violent Invasions as well by Sea as Land We not being able to sustain the said Injuries Grievances and Damages any longer nor to remain in your Fealty or Homage extorted by your violent Oppression we Restore them to you for our Self and all the Inhabitants of our Kingdom as well for the Lands we hold of you in your Kingdom as for your pretended Government over us 1 Ibm. Knighton says this Letter was without Date 2 Walsingham 1 Ib. 2. f. 66 n. 20. says it was sent about the beginning of April when the Guardian and Lector of the Frior Minors of Roxburgh brought it to the King Before this Restitution of Homage and Fealty the Scots sent 3 Knighton ut supra col 2477. n. 20. to Rome to have Absolution from their Oaths and Homage and upon false Suggestions made to Pope Celestin they were absolved by his Bull. Deinde Scoti miserunt ad Curiam Romanam pro absolutione habendâ de Juramento suo praestito Regi Angliae de Homagio suo illi facto per falsam suggestionem factam Celestino Papae sunt absoluti per Bullam Papalem This is a true Abstract of the 4 In fine Rotuli Vide Rot. Scotiae 19 Ed 1. usaque 24. and with Chamberlains of the Exchequer in the 3d Treasury at Westminster in a long Painted Box in a great Wooden Chest the Original Roll or Record of the Superiority of the Kings of England over the Kingdom of Scotland and of the Homages and Fealties of the King and Kingdom of Scotland in the 19th 20th 21st 22d 23d of Edward the First A. D. 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 containing 34 Membranes or Skins of Parchment drawn up by Andrew sometimes Clerk to William de Tang and Publick Notary by the Popes Authority who was present with the Witnesses to every Act who were the best Men of both Kingdoms heard and saw the things done and signed every Membrane with his usual Mark or Sign now remaining in the Tower of London and Printed at large from the Roll in Mr. Pryn's Second Volume of the History of King John Henry III. and Edward I. Not known to any of our Historians and therefore the Truth of these Transactions not understood which makes a considerable part of the History of his Reign And this Record
effect for the Faults found with it on the part of his Adversary pour defaute coupe trove de la part son Adversair That while his Ambassadors remained there the King of Navarre who about two Years before had Married 3 Mezeray f. 372. The King abused and cheated by the King of Navarre Jane the King of France's Daughter had complained often to the Duke of Lancaster of the 4 Rot. Parl. ut supra Wrongs and Hardships he had suffered from the King of France affirming upon his Oath he would willingly enter into an Alliance with the King against his Adversary with all his Power and pressed him so often that at last the Duke promised an Alliance if the King pleased That thereupon he engaged to make himself as strong as he could with Ships and Land Forces and come to the Isles Guernsey and Jersey to affirm and make good the Alliance pur affermer secure lalliance That for this cause upon the Duke's return into England the King informed of this Agreement caused to be got ready an Army and Fleet of great Ships with which he sailed out of the Thames towards the Isles and the Winds being contrary with much trouble got to Portsmouth and there staid so long as he received certain Intelligence the King of Navarre would not proceed in or had quitted the Alliance que le Roy de Navarre entre lesse la dite Alliance against his Promise and Oath and was become an Allie of his Adversary Whereupon the King returned with his Fleet and Forces nostre Seigneur se retourna ove sa Navie Gentz and seeing he could not have Peace and the Alliance failed and also that his Adversary made himself strong with Men at Arms and other Forces near Calais thinking to have a speedy Battel with him he resolved The King passeth to Calais with his Fleet and Army His Foreign Allies with his Fleet and Army to pass over to Calais That when he was landed by Advice of his Council he Mustered his own Forces and those of his Allies which he found there as those of Monsieur Henry de Flanders Monsieur Frank de Vanhale and other People of Almain in great number and marched out of Calais on the Feast of All-Souls or 2d of November toward the He could not provoke the King of France to Battel Places where by Spies or other means he could be informed his Adversary was that he might bring him to a Battel But to avoid that he fled Night and Day the King pursuing him wasting and burning the Country throughout degastant ardent bruillant le pays par tut until by Assent of his Council because his People were much wearied for want of Wine having drank His Men wearied for want of Wine only Water for near four Days per cause que les Gentz fuerent molt lassez pur defaute de Vin ne buerent que de eau bien per quatre jours he returned toward Calais where he designed to have fought his Enemy but he came not Then he paid off his Allies very He pays off his Allies and returns into England frankly they having been there a long time and returned into England to his Parlement After this Relation the 5 Ib. n. 10. Commons were told by Sir William Shareshull Chief Justice of the Kings-Bench They ought to have regard to the great Trouble the King had endured for the Defence and Safety of the Kingdom and of his Readiness to march into Scotland against his Enemies who had taken the Speedy Advice desired of the Parlement The King desires to finish the War with France Town of Berwick by Force And that to shorten the Time of Parlement and their stay in the Town they were to give speedy Advice what was best for the King to do to make an end of the War with France which he desired sovereignly or above all things might be done with dispatch quel il desire sovereignment que soit fait en hast and how he might be best aided to do it to the least Grievance of his People and most Profit to himself he gave them time to answer until Friday next following en sur ceo les dona jour de Respons de Vendredy preschien suant and in the mean time to prepare their Bills and Petitions and bring them into Parlement 6 Ibm. n. 11. A quen Vendredy vindrent les dites Comunes en la presence nostre dit Seigneur le Roy Prelatz Grantz assemblez en la Chambre blanche el eue illoques une brief parlance ove les dits Grantz Granterent uniement c. On which Friday the Commons came into the presence of the King Prelates and Great Men assembled in the White Chamber and having there a short Conference A Subsidy of 6 years granted to the King with the said Great Men Granted uniemen dune accort unanimously and of one accord to the King the Subsidy of Wooll Leather and Woolfel's for six years next coming So as during that time the King should not put any Impositions or other Charges upon the Commons and then they brought their Petitions before the King who answered them Avesbury in his 7 p. 126. a. b. c. 95. His Expedition into France Narrative of the King's Expedition into France tells us That after his return to Calais on Wednesday the Feast of St. Martin or 11th of November the Constable of France and others met the Duke of Lancaster the Earl of Northampton and Sir Walter Manny at the end of the Causway of Calais and by Letters of Credence from their King offered Battel to the King of England on Tuesday following The English Lords answered by the King's Command de Praecepto Regio That it was his Intention as much as he could to avoid the Effusion of Christian Blood and therefore desired to fight Body to Body with his Adversary so as the whole Right to the Crown of France might be decided by this Battel between them two And if this was refused That each of them should take to him his Eldest Son and if he admitted not that Then both to chuse Two Three or Four Knights the nearest to them in Blood to be joined to them and their Sons that so the Right to the Kingdom of France might be finally determined and that he who was Conquered should yield it to the Conqueror Which Offers the French refused standing to their Proposition of Fighting on Tuesday The English offered to Fight the next Day or Saturday The French persisted in their First Offer which the English accepted upon Condition That if they could not bring their King to Battel on that Day they should render themselves Prisoners to the King of England as in like manner they would render themselves Prisoners to the King of France if they brought not then their King to Battel The French refused this Offer and the English thought they trifled with King Edward
to the Precept he had recovered Seisin by the Jugment of the Guardians When John King of Scotland disseised him again of the same Lands and Tenements and that he might not further prosecute his Right imprison'd him and caused an unjust Judgment to be given against him in Contempt of the King of England and Superior Lord of Scotland and to his own great Damage The King of Scots 5 Ibm. f. 158. The King of Scots appears appeared before the King and his Council in his Parliament after Michaelmas and denied all Contempt of the Lord his King and said he had not Day to Answer the said Magdulph who Replied He had that very Day appointed him to Answer by the King 's 6 Ibm. fol. 154 155. the Writ it self The Particulars of the Pleadings on both sides Writ delivered to him by the Sheriff of Northumberland at Strivelin on the morrow after St. Peter in Bonds that is the 2d of August which sufficiently appeared by the Return of the Sheriff and the King of Scots being asked whether he had the Writ delivered to him by the Sheriff confessed it and was then urged to answer 7 Ibm. f 158. when He said he was King of Scotland and that he dare not Answer to Magdulph ' s Complaint or any thing that concerned his Kingdom without the Advice of his Subjects sine Consilio * These Probi homines could not be the Common or Ordinary People proborum hominum Regni sui and Magdulph demanded Judgment against him as saying nothing 8 Ibm. f. 159. Then he was told by the King he was his Liege-Man and did unto him Homage and Fealty for the Kingdom of Scotland and was ordered to come thither to answer or say why he would not or ought not to answer before him and he said as before The K. of Scots dare not Answer without advice of his People That he Could not nor Dare answer to any thing that concerned his Kingdom without consulting his People inconsultis probis hominibus Regni sui Vpon this he was told he might require another Day he answered He would require none It was then agreed That the Principal Plea belonged to the King and that he made no Defence against Magdulph 9 Ibm. and because he would not require Day or shew Cause why he ought not to Answer in Elusion of the King's Jurisdiction and Superiority it was Judged a Contempt and Disobedience to him and that Three of his Principal Castles of Scotland should be Seized into his Hands and so remain till he had given Satisfaction for his Contempt and Disobedience But before the Pronounciation of the Sentence he came before the King and his Council and made Supplication to the King with his own Mouth ore suo proprio and Delivered it unto him with his own hand in Writing in 1 Ibm. f. 159 160. He Petitions K. Edward for leave to advise with them and for longer time French to this purpose Sire jeo suy vostre home du Royalme de Escoce c. Sir I am your Man of the Realm of Scotland and pray you for what I am come hither for which concerns the People of my Kingdom as well as my self That you would forbear me while I speak with them that I may not be surprized for want of Advice for that those that are with me will not nor ought to advise me without others of the Realm and when I have advice from them I will answer at your first Parlement after Easter and will behave my self towards you as I ought to do The King advising hereupon at the Instance of the Great Men of his Council and with the Consent of Magdulph granted his Prayer and gave King Edward grants his Request him Day until his Parlement after Easter on the Morrow of the Holy Trinity This is what is to be found in Ryley's Parliament Pleas about this Case and now we return to the Record again Which 2 Rot. de Superioritate Regis Angliae c. ut supra The K. at War with France and Wales Parlement at St. Edmunds-Bury A. D. 1295. 23 Ed. 1. tells us That on that Day the Parlement ceased or was not holden Parliamentum cessavit sive non tenebatur for that the King was Engaged in War lately raised against him in divers Countreys as with the King of France in Gascony and with the Welsh in Wales Yet the suit between the King of Scots and Magdulph which had begun before the Justices of the King's-Bench in Parlement was Continued and Prorogued Loquela c. Continuata fuit Prorogata To the Parlement next to be holden which was afterwards Summoned to be at St. Edmunds-Bury on the Feast of St. Martin in Winter that is November 11. which was in the 23d Year of King Edward and in the Year from the * The Publick Notary that Drew up this Record always begins the Year at Christmas Nativity of the Lord 1295. The King of England 3 Ibm. Magdulph prosecutes his Plea in that Parlement The King of Scots appears not but sends his Excuse was at St. Edmunds-Bury that day and there held his Parlement where Magdulph strenuously prosecuted his Plea But the King of Scots instead of appearing in Person sent the Abbot of Abirbrothok with other Noblemen of that Kingdom to King Edward with Letters to Excuse him that neither then or before he appeared in his Court in the Parliaments by passed at the Day given or appointed him Quod nec tunc nec prius juxta quod Diem habuerat ad Curiam suam in praeteritis Parliamentis accesserat Excusavit pretending certain Causes of Excuse that he could not come in his own Person This Abbot 4 Ibm. The Abbot and others that came to Excuse the K of Scots Demand Satisfaction for Injuries done them The Answer to their Demands and those that came with him brought not only an Excuse but a Quarrel and Demanded of King Edward Satisfaction for many and great Injuries Oppressions and Grievances sustained by the Scots from his Subjects To whom after deliberation this Answer was given That the King of England for certain Causes was coming toward the North parts and that the King of Scots should then have sufficient Recompence to his own Content for all Injuries could be proved done to the Scots by his Subjects of England and then appointed him a Day in the same Parlement by the Continuation and Prorogation of the Justices representing his Person against Magdulph the First Day of March next following The King of Scots summoned to appear at a Parlement at Newcastle at Newcastle upon Tyne Then expecting his being there enjoyn the Abbot and those with him to give Notice to their King he should then Personally appear to Treat with the King of England about the Premisses and other Things touching the State and Tranquility of both Kingdoms and their Inhabitants While the King was
doth convince Buchanan of Partiality and Falshood of what he hath written in the latter end of his Seventh and beginning or most part of his Eighth Book of the History of Scotland and likewise Arch-Bishop Spotswood and Sir Richard Baker of great Errors and Mistakes in following him The Scots pursue their Designs of 5 Knighton col 2478. n. 10 20. The English commanded to quit Scotland freeing themselves from subjection to the English and Command That all the English that had Lands and Possessions in Scotland should without delay quit the Nation or come forth with all the Strength they had to Defend it against the English The King again 6 Ib. col 2478. n. 20. The King again summons the King of Scots He and they deny Subjection pretending the Pope's Absolution summoned the King of Scots to come to him and with Force to assist him according to his Oath The Scots answered unanimously That neither they nor their King was any ways bound to him or to obey his Commands because they were absolved by Pope Celestin from their Oath and from all Subjection he had extorted from them From Restitution of Homage and Fealty and Defiance they proceed to Arms 7 Walsingh f. 66. n. 50. Mat Westm f. 427. n. 40. The Scots Arm c. enter England Plunder Burn Wast Kill and Destroy where-ever they come To obviate these Insolencies and Chastise them according to their Deserts King Edward entered 8 Knighton col 4280 4281. A. D. 1296. King Edward enters Scotland Scotland on Wednesday in Easter-week besieged and took Berwick Castle with a great Slaughter of the Scots From thence he sent part of his Army to Reduce the Castle of Dunbar lately Revolted which was done by the Death and Destruction of a great many Scots Ten thousand says my Author Seven Barons an Hundred Knights and Thirty one Esquires were taken in the Castle The Scots Army coming to Relieve it Twenty two thousand of them were slain From Beats the Scots thence King Edward marched to Edinburgh which Castle he took in Eight days From thence he marched to Sterlin where the Earl of Vlster came to him out of Ireland with a great Body of Men and hither the King of Scots and many of his great Men sent to beg his Mercy 9 Ibm. They Beg and submit to Mercy King Edward appointed them to meet him at Brechin some few days after where they submitted to his Mercy and Favour without making any Terms or Conditions whatever The King's 1 1 Hist Angl. f. 67. n. 40 50. Submission runs thus as 't is Translated from Walsingham's Latin Version of the French Original John by the Grace of God King of Scotland to all that shall The Tenor and Form of the King of Scots Submission hear or see these present Letters Greeting Whereas we by Evil and False Counsel and our Simplicity have greatly offended and provoked our Lord Edward by the Grace of God King of England c. To wit for that being in his Faith and Homage we have Allied our self to the King of France who then was and is now his Enemy propounding Marriage between our Son and the Daughter of his Brother Charles and assisting him by War and otherways with all our Power Furthermore by our Perverse Counsel aforesaid we Defied our Lord the King of England and put our self out of his Faith and Homage and sent our People into England to Burn Spoil Plunder Murder and commit other Mischiefs fortifying the Kingdom of Scotland that was his Fee against him putting Garrisons into Towns Castles and other Places For which Transgressions our Lord the King of England entred Scotland by force Conquered and took it notwithstanding all we could do against him as of right he might do as Lord of the Fee seeing after we had done Homage to him we Rebelled against him We therefore being yet free and in our own Power do render unto him the Land of Scotland and the whole Nation with its Homages In Witness whereof we have caused to be made these our Letters-Patents Dated at Brechin the 10th Day of July in the Fourth A. D. 1296. Year of our Reign This Acknowledgment is also Recorded in the Roll of the Oaths of Homage and Fealty of the Scots a second time made on several days and in several places 2 Rot. Scot. 24 c. Ed. 1. Peceia 8. He renounceth all Confederacies against King Edward and rendered to him his Kingdom and all Homages and other Rights of that and his People c. where he Renounceth all Confederacies and unlawful Contracts made in the Name of himself his Son and the Inhabitants of Scotland against his due Homage and Fealty he had done to the King of England for his own Kingdom And further rendred to him his Kingdom and all Homages and all other his Rights with their Pertinencies suamque Regiam Dignitatem necnon omnes Terras Possessiones c. and his Royal Dignity and also his Lands and Possessions with all his Goods moveable and immoveable gratanti animo spontanea voluntate purè absolutè with a Gratefull Mind and free Will purely and absolutely into the Hands of Antony Bishop of Duresm receiving them in the place and Name of the King Vice nomine Regis Angliae Recipientis These things were done at Brechin the same day before a Publick Notary whom he commanded to publish and make an Instrument of them in perpetuam rei memoriam The Bishop of Duresm John Comyn of Badenaugh the Elder Bryan Fitz-Alan Knights and Alexander Kenedy Clerk Chancellor to the King of Scotland being specially called as Witnesses The Submission of James Stewart of Scotland is first Recorded in this 3 Rot. Scot. 24 25 26 Ed. 1. Peceia prima Append. n 14. The Submission and Renunciation of James Stewart of Scotland Roll which was That neither by force or fear but on his own free Will as he said he came to the Faith and Will of the King of England and renounced for him and his Heirs all Confederacies Contracts and Agreements whatsoever made in his Name with the King of France or his Adherents against his Lord the King of England if any such were freely purely and absolutely spontè purè absolutè and then took his Oath of Fealty in the Form following and made thereof and sealed his Letters Patents To all those that shall see or hear these Letters 4 4 Ibm. The Form of it James Seneschal or Steward of Scotland Greeting For that we are come to the Faith and Will of the most Noble Prince our Dear Lord Edward by the Grace of God King of England Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitain We promise for us and our Heirs upon the pain of Body and Estate and whatsoever we can incur That we will Assist and Serve him well and Loyally against all Persons that may live and dye at all times when Required or
Rot. 73 penes Remem Regis in scacar to Require and Induce them to pay a certain Sum charged upon or demanded of them toward the War which at this time was a sixth part of their Goods which was required first and granted in London as an Example to other Places The Commissions for all Counties in England bear Date the 21st of Novemb. 23d of Ed. I. The King wanting more Money to carry on the War against France in his 7 Claus 23. Ed. 1. M. 3. Dors. Dated Sept. 30. Summons to Parlement Writ of Summons directed to Robert Winchelsey Arch-Bishop of Canterbury to a Parlement to be holden on the Sunday next after St. Martin or the 10th of November told him That he could not but sufficiently understand since it was known all the World over That the King of France had fraudulently surprised Gascony and not content therewith had provided a Navy and Army to invade England and destroy the The King of France provides a Fleet and Army to Invade England Nation and Language if his Power were answerable to his Detestable Purpose To prevent these Dangers and Designed Mischiefs this Parlement was called but it sat not on that day the King being busied at Winchelsea in Equipping his Fleet for the Defence of the Kingdom and so could not be there and for this cause as 't is said in the 8 Ib. M. 2. Dors de parliamente prorogando Writ it self it was Prorogued before meeting unto the Sunday next before St. Andrew which was in the 24th of his Reign the 23d ending November 16th In a short time the Clergy gave the King a Tenth of all their Moveable Goods toward Maintaining the War The Earls Barons and Knights and others of the Kingdom Comites Barones Milites omnes alii de Regno in subsidium Guerrae nostrae gave an Eleventh part of their Moveable Goods Nobis 9 Pat. 24 Ed. I. M. 22. De undecima septima levand Colligend undecimam fecerunt c. And the Citizens Burgesses and good Men of his Demeasn Cities and Burghs granted him a Seventh part c. Et Cives Burgenses alii probi homines de Dominicis nostris Civitatibus Burgis septimam nobis concesserint c. The Writ for Levying and Collecting this Seventh and Eleventh is dated Decemb. 4. very few days after their meeting in the 24th of his Reign The King of Scots by the Instigation of his People taking advantage The Scots take advantage by this War with France of this Rupture between England and France obstructed the Vigorous Prosecution of the War against the French and thinking to Disingage himself and them from the Power of King Edward behaved himself and suffered as hath been related before in its due place The 1 Walsingh f. 62 63 c. And also the Welsh Welsh these two or three last Years having as they thought opportunities by King Edward's being Diverted by his Wars with France and Scotland attempted several times under divers Leaders to Free themselves from Subjection to the English were at length reduced to perfect Obedience * Fol. 325. A. D. 1295. Mezery the French Historian says both these Nations put themselves in Arms against King Edward by the Instigation and Procurement of the King of France Immediately 2 Walsingh f. 68. N. 30 40. after the King and whole Kingdom of Scotland upon their Defections were reduced to obedience and had the second Time done Homage and sworn Fealty to King Edward as we have heard before he issued his Writs for a Parlement to be holden at St. Edmunds-Bury on the Morrow of All-Souls or Parlement at St. Edmonds-Bury A. D. 1296. Third of November Dated the 26th of August in the 24th of his Reign at Berwick upon Tweed 3 Append. N. 16. In that directed to the Archbishop he tells him That he the other Prelates and Clergy late assembled at Westminster when they Granted the Tenth of their Rents and Benefices for the Defence of the Kingdom until the Feast of St. Michael then next coming which Grant was accepted by him in hopes of a more plentiful Aid for the future from him and others which they promised should be sufficient for the same Cause unless in the mean time there was a Peace or Truce made between him and the King of France Therefore he enjoined him to be with his Prior Archdeacon and Procurators of the Clergy at Bury at the time appointed to order the Quantity and Manner of the Subsidy The Writs to the other Bishops the Abbots c. were like to this Those to the Noblemen and Sheriffs were only to Treat about the Dangers impending upon the whole Kingdom and Remedies to prevent them In this Parlement the Citizens and Burgesses gave an Eighth Part of their Goods the rest of the Laity granted a Twelfth Part the Clergy Nothing by reason of a Constitution made that Year and Published by Pope Boniface 4 Walsingh Ut supra N. 40 50. The Clergy deny the King a Subsidy He Summons another Parlement A quo Parliamento a Civitatibus Burgis concessa est Regi octava a populo vero reliquo i. e. a Comitibus Baronibus Militibus Duodecima pars bonorum Clerus ob constitutionem Bonifacii Papae hoc Anno editam c. Regi pro Guerra sua subsidium petenti Denegavit The King in hopes of a better Answer deferred this Business to be treated on in another Parliament to be holden at London on the morrow of St. Hilary January the 14th In the mean time * Mat. West fol. 428. N. 30. The K. shut-up the Barns and Granaries of the Clergy the King caused to be shut up and secured all the Barns Granaries and Store-houses of the Clergy and the Archbishop sent the Pope's Bull to be published in all Cathedrals forbidding under the Pain of Excommunication any thing to be paid to Secular Princes out of Ecclesiastick Revenues The Bull or Constitution runs thus Boniface c. For the Perpetual 5 Append. N. 17. Pope Boniface his Bull. Prohibiting the Clergy to pay Taxes to Secular Princes Memory of the Matter c. 't is often delivered from Antiquity that Lay-men are spiteful to Clergy-men and the Experience of the present Times manifestly declares it while not content with their own Bounds they strive after what is forbidden and let themselves loose to do Evil not wisely attending that for them to have any power over Clercs or Ecclesiastick Persons and their Goods is prohibited yet they impose grievous Burthens upon Prelates and Ecclesiastics Regular and Secular they Tax them and Exact and Extort from them a half Part a Tenth a Twentieth or some other part of their Revenues and Goods endeavouring many ways to bring them into Servitude and under their Power And with Grief we relate some Prelates and Ecclesiastics fearing where no fear is seeking transitory Peace fearing more to offend Temporal
than Eternal Majesty they acquiesce in such Abuses without Authority from the Apostolic See We therefore desiring to obviate such Acts with Advice of our Brethren by Apostolic Authority do Ordain That those Prelates Ecclesiastics Religious or Secular of what State Order or Condition soever they be who shall Pay or grant to Pay any Taxes or Impositions an Half a Tenth Twentieth an Hundredth or any other Part or Portion whatever of the Revenues of their Churches or Goods to Lay-men under the Name of an Aid Assistance Lending or Gift or under any other Pretence or Colour whatsoever without the Authority of the same See Also those Emperors Kings Princes Dukes Earls Barons Great Men Captains Officers and Governors by what Names soever they are known or any other of what State or Condition soever that shall Impose Exact or Receive such things or shall Arrest Seize or presume to take the Goods of Ecclesiastics deposited and secured in Churches or that shall Command them to be Arrested Seized or Taken likewise all who Knowingly shall give any Advice Assistance or Favour in these Matters for that very Thing and in that Moment shall incur the Sentence of Excommunication The Communities or Vniversities or Bodies-Politick that shall be Guilty of these things we put under Ecclesiastic Interdict strictly commanding the Prelates and Church-men by Virtue of their Obedience and under pain of being Deposed that they acquiesce not in these things without Express Licence of the said See And that under Pretence of any manner of Obligation Promise or Concession now made before this Constitution Prohibition or Precept shall come to their Knowledge or afterwards they shall not Pay or the foresaid Seculars Receive any thing any manner of way And if they do Pay or the others Receive that very Moment in doing it they shall fall under the Sentence of Excommunication nor shall they be absolved from Excommunication or Interdict without special Licence and Authority from the Apostolic See unless at point of Death For we intend not by Dissimulation to pass by such an horrid Abuse of the Secular Powers Notwithstanding any Privileges under any Tenor Form or Conception of Words whatever Granted to Emperors Kings and others abovesaid which we will not shall any way help him or them against the Premisses Therefore no Man may lawfully Dare to do any thing contrary to this Constitution Prohibition or Precept Dated at St. Peter's in Rome the 6th of the Kalends of March in the Second Year of our Pontificate That is February 24th 1296 in the 24th of Ed. 1. Notwithstanding the Clergy denied the King an Aid according to this Papal Prohibition yet he proceeded in his War and made 6 Confederatio inter Regem Comitem Flandriae pat 25 Ed 1. Part. 1 M. 18. The Confederacy between K. Ed. and the E. of Flanders a Confederacy with the Earl of Flanders against the King of France Complaining That he being a Peer of France and in Homage to the High and Puissant King Philip he oppressed and used him according to his own Will contrary to Reason Justice and his own Desert and therefore because he was so Strong and Powerful not acknowledging any Superior by Advice of his Prelates Earls and Barons he made Alliances and Covenants with his Friends to endure from that time forward for Ever a touz jours perpetuelement and particularly with the Earl of Flanders First That if the King of France or his Heirs should make War The Articles upon him or his Heirs then the King of England should Aid and Assist him against the King of France and all his Assistants by his Allies beyond Sea and by his own Subjects Faithfully and according to his Power Secondly That the Earl of Flanders and his Heirs Earls of Flanders and their Allies should Aid the King of England his Heirs and Allies in the same manner and that within two Months after notice from the King of England in this present War he was to make upon the King of France Thirdly That neither the King of England nor his Heirs nor the Earl of Flanders and his Heirs should make Peace Truce or Sufferance i. e. Cessation of Arms with the King of France and his Heirs without the Assent Grant and Consent of each other Fourthly That the Earl of Flanders might better and more surely sustain and undergo so great an Affair and so great a War as he had Covenanted to do against the King of France his Allies and Assistants Et pur ceo que cuens de Flandres peust mieuz plus surement sustenir endurer si grant bensoign si grant fais de Guerre come il convendra contre le Roy de France é ses Alliez é ses Aidantz King Edward granted for him and his Heirs to the Earl of Flanders and his Heirs every Year during the War Sixty Thousand * Four of these Livres made a Pound Sterling so that this was the value of 15000 l. Sterling Livres of Black Turnois or other Current Money at Two Payments within the Earldom of Flanders Chescun an Durant le susdit Guerre seissante Mile Livres de Turnois Noirs c. at every Payment Thirty thousand Livres the First to begin at Christmas 1297. an Noel qui serra l'an de Nostre Seigneur Mil deux centz quatre vintz é Diseseptz and the Second at the Nativity of St. John Baptist following These Payments were to endure so long as the War should endure Fifthly That these Alliances made between them might no ways be defeated neither by the Command of or Purchase from the Pope or any other nor for any thing that might be any ways Obtained or Granted without their joint Consent Ne par Commandement ne par purchaz D'Apostoille ne d'autri ne pur choise qui sait impetree ne ottrogee c. and if any thing was obtain'd it was agreed on both Parts to Reject and not use it For the Faithful Performance of this Agreement King Edward solemnly Sware to the Earl of Flanders by his Proxies Monsieur Hugh le Despenser and Monsieur Walter Beauchamp Steward of his Houshold And by that Oath he further Agreed and Covenanted with the Earl of Flanders That his Son Edward when he was of Age should Grant Agree to and Confirm this Form of Alliance and Confederacy Which was Dated at Ipswich and Sealed with his Seal on the Morrow of Epiphany or the 7th of January 1296. in the 25th of his Reign Et pur ce totes ces choses soinet plus seurez tenuz Gardez mieux plus fermement nous en noun de sovenance de Tesmoignage avous cestes presentes Letters fait seale◠de nostre Seal Les queles jurent faites Donees a Gippewiz lendemain de la Epephany l'an de Grace Mil deux centz quatre vintz sesse de nostre Regne vintisme quint. The Record is long and Tautological but this is the very Substance of it
no share of his it happened that in an Assembly they had at Prague for the Coronation of King Wincheslaus they easily suffered themselves to be persuaded the Pope was consenting to the Deposition of Adolphus as being useless to the Empire and in effect the Cabal was so strong that they Deposed him and Elected Albert Duke of Austria The Two Competitors came to Blows about it near Spire the 2d of July Adolph fighting valiantly but betrayed or at least forsaken by his Men there lost his Life The Abbat of Vrsperg an old German Writer of this time says thus 7 Paralip fol. 341. Printed at Basil 1559. The occasion of his being Deposed Whereas there was great confusion in the Empire and there was necessity to have a more powerful Emperor the Electors met at Ments and Deposed him for when Adolph had received 75000 Marks to assist the King of England against the King of France he kept it all to himself and divided none amongst the German Princes he could neither raise Soldiers nor help the English This Charge in the Empire and the Embroilment of his Affairs at home caused King Edward to accept the Popes Mediation as above The King before this time had summoned the 8 Cl. 26 Ed. I. M. 5. Doâ—s Militia of the Nation to meet him at Carlisle on Whitsun-Eve with their Horse and Arms to go against the Scots whose Power was now The King summons the Militia of the Nation against the Scots formidable and their Forces numerous yet on the 10th of April 9 Ibm. M. 12. Cedula Dors A Parlement or great Council summoned he summoned the Earls and Barons Two Knights of every Shire Two Citizens of every City and Two Burgesses of every Burgh to meet and Treat with him about certain Matters that concerned him and the whole Kingdom 1 Walsingh f. 75 n 20. The Charters Reconfirmed Here the Constable and Marshall demanded that because the Charters had been confirmed beyond Sea for the greater security they might be confirmed again The Bishop of Durham the Earls of Surrey Warwick and Glocester promised the King should do it upon his Return with Victory The King then commanded his Army to be ready at Roxburg upon Tweed on the Feast of St. John Baptist The King going aside to Visit St. John of Beverly found his Army at the time and place appointed 2 Ib. n. 30 40 50. and f. 76. n. 10. The Scots beaten at Falkirk He marched on into Scotland The Scots meet him with a mighty Army under the Conduct of Waleys On St. Mary Magdalen's Day or 22d of July both Armies drew up in a large Field near Falkirk upon the Signal given by the King the English boldly attacked the Scots their Horse soon gave ground the English pursuing and killing great numbers my Author says Sixty thousand Waleys and the Great Men of Scotland fled into the Woods After some stay in Scotland where he used some severity The King returns into England in his Return at Carlisle he gave the Constable and Marshall Leave to go home and stayed himself in the North Parts until after Christmas when he returned into the South and in 3 Cl. 27. Ed. I. M. 18. Dors Summons a Parlement February summoned a Parlement to meet on the first Sunday in Lent 4 Walsingh f. 76. n. 20. The Pope's Award read in it where was Read the Pope's Instrument of Award between the Two Kings which is long but the Effect thereof was 5 This Instrument is Intituled Pronuntiatio Bonifacii in Jurie London 25 Ed. I Pryns Ed. I. f. 758. The Articles of his Award as Benedict Caietan not as Pope That whereas they by their special Messengers and Proctors had compromitted into him as a Private Person and Benedict Caietan and as an Amicable Composer and Arbiter of all Wars Controversies Differences and Causes whatever moved between them He did Award and Pronounce 1. That there should be a firm and stable Peace between the Two Kings 2. That the voluntary forbearing of Hostility and the Truce lately made and confirmed between the Two Kings c. should be inviolably observed 3. That the King of England should Marry Margaret the King of France his Sister and Endow her with 15000 l. Turnois i. e. 3750 l. Sterling per Annum 4. That Isabel the Daughter of the King of France not then 7 years old should at convenient time be Married to Edward the King of England's Son then 13 years of Age with the Dower of 18000 l. Turnois per Annum 5. That all Goods on either side Ships especially taken before the War and then not imbeziled or destroyed should be restored and if destroyed and not to be found then either King to make Satisfaction at the Request of each other 6. That all the Lands Vassels and Goods which the King of England had in France before the War which he may have restored to him by virtue of this Compromise he should have and enjoy under such Conditions and Security as shall be awarded 7. That all the Lands Vassals and Goods which the King of France was then possessed of that were the King of England's before the War and those the King of England was then possessed of should be put into the Hands and Possession of the Pope and so to remain until the Kings themselves agreed about them or he should order what was therein to be done without prejudice to the Lands Vassals and Goods or the King 's as to the Possession Detention or Propriety of them This Pronunciation or Award was Dated at the Pope's Palace in Rome on the 20th of June 1298. 26th of Edw. I. A. D. 1298. To which Award when it was read in Parlement all the Clergy and Laity gave their Consent 6 Mat. West f. 431. n. 50. The whole Parlement confirm the Pope's Award Cui assensum praebuit Plebs omnis Clerus This done the 7 Ibm. The Charters confirmed The King refused to confirm the Disforesting Earls Barons and Prelates demanded the Confirmation of the Charter of Liberties and of the Forest with the Deforestation then made He confirmed the Charters but refused to confirm the Deforestation or parting with so much Land out of his Forests as they demanded Walsingham 8 Fol. 76. n. 40. Reports That in this Parlement the King being desired to confirm the Charters as he had promised in Scotland after some delay consented with a Salvo jure Coronae saving the Rights of his Crown which the Earls hearing returned home but calling another 9 Claus 27 Ed. I. M. 18. Dors Writ dated Apr. 10. Parlement to meet 15 days after Easter he granted what they desired The Execution of the Pope's Award was delayed neither of the Kings being forward to deliver their Possessions c. in Gascoign into his Hands but being resolved to make Peace if he could 1 Rot. Aâ—â—m 27 Ed. I. M. 11. intus
at Berkele when he was Murdered The said Thomas saith That at the time of the Murder of the Murder of the said * Note That so often as Ed. the II. is any way mentioned in this Record he is acknowledged to have been King at the time of his Murder King he was sick at Bradelye without the said Castle and knew not what was done nor was consenting thereunto and thereupon put himself upon his Tryal by Twelve Knights named in the Record who found him Not Guilty nor that he fled or withdrew himself upon it but that he placed under him Thomas de Gurney and William de Ocle to keep the King by whom he was Murdered he had Day given him to hear his Judgment in next Parlement and the mean time was committed to Ralph Nevill Steward of the King's Houshold In this 4 Rot. Parl. 4 Ed. III n. 13. Richard Son to the Earl of Arundel restored to Blood Lands and Goods Parlement Richard Eldest Son to the late Earl of Arundel prayeth to be restored to Blood Lands and Goods seeing his Father was put to Death not being tried by his Peers according to the great Charter and the Law of the Land But because the Attainder was confirmed by Parlement at Northampton he mended his Petition and prayed to be restored of the King 's meer Grace and he was accordingly restored Also in the 5 Ib n. 14. A Thousand Pounds per Annum given to William Montacute for taking Mortimer without Bloodshed same Parlement the Prelates Earls and Barons pray and advise the King to give and grant 1000 l. per Annum to William Montacute and his Heirs for his Service in quietly taking Roger Mortimer Earl of March and his Confederates without Bloodshed a 1000 Marks whereof was to be out of the Lands of Mortimer Upon the same Prayer and Advice his Assistants 6 Ib. n. 15. His Assistants were likewise Rewarded Edward Bohun had 400 Marks per Annum to him and his Heirs Robert de Vfford 300 and John Nevill 200. In the 5th year of his Reign the King called a Parlement at A. D. 1331. Westminster to 8 Cl 5 Ed. III. M. 7. Dors Part. 1. meet on the morrow after Michaelmas The Bishop of Winchester being Chancellor 9 Rot. Parl. 5 Ed. III. n. 2. A Parlement called about the Business of France and Ireland And to ordain how the Peace might be kept declared the cause of Summons to be concerning the Dutchy of Aquitan and the King's Lands beyond Sea whether Peace should be made or other Issue put to the Dissentions between the King 's of England and France by reason of the said Lands and also about the Business of Ireland concerning the King's going thither to be advised by his Lieges in that Nation and likewise to ordain how the Peace might best be kept When also it was agreed That the King's Business ought to be dispatch't before any other auxint illoeques The King's Business in Parlement to be dispatch't before any other feust Accorde que les Busoignes le Roi deusseient primerement estre exploitez einz ce que Rien feust fait de nully autre Busoign The Chancellor further 1 Ib. n. 3. The Lords Advise the King to an Amicable Treaty with the King of France about the Dutchy of Aquitan c. applied himself to the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and all the other Prelates Earls Barons autres Grantz and other Great Men for their Advice whether they thought it best for the King to proceed with the King of France by way of Process or War or Amicable Treaty They all agree in the 3d way by amicable Treaty with the King of France for the Restitution of Aquitan seeing the two former might prove dangerous and to that purpose the Bishops of Winchester Worcester and Norwich two or one of them as the King pleased with the Lords Beaumont Percy and Montague Monsieur Geofry Lescrop and Maistre John de Shordich were to be sent to the King of France As to the Business 2 Ib. n. 4. The Lords Advise the King to go in Person to Ireland of Ireland it was agreed by the King Prelates Earls Barons and other Great Men in the same Parlement si est accorde par nostre Seigneur le Roi Praelates Countes Barons autres Grantz en Mesme le Parlement c. That the King should provide himself to go thither as soon as he could and that in the mean time he should send over some Great Men with Men at Arms to aid the Justices and other Liege People against such as opposed the Government In this Parlement 3 Ib. n. 9. The Queen Mother to have Lands and Rents of the value of 3000 l. a year assigned her the King by assent of the Prelates Earls Barons and other Great Men and at their Request granted That the Queen his Mother not being well paid according to her mind Three thousand Pounds trois mill livres yearly which she was to receive out of the Exchequer for her support should have Lands and Rents of the value assigned to her Then for keeping of the Peace it was 4 Ib. n. 10. An Agreement how the Peace was to be kept agreed in full Parlement by the King Prelates Earls Barons and other Great Men of the Kingdom par nostre Seigneur le Roi Praelat Countes Barons autres Grantz du Royalme en pleyn Parlement chescun des ditz Grantz eut especialment examine assentat c. every one of the said Great Men having been especially Examined and Assenting That no Great Man of the Land for the future shall retain maintain or avow openly or privately by himself or others any Robber Evil-Doer endicted of Felony or Fugitive for the same nor any sued to Exigend Common Transgression or of Evil fame and the said Great Men promised with all their Power to assist the Justices Sheriffs and other the King's Officers in the Execution of Judgments and other things that belonged to their Offices as well against Great Men as others of what Condition soevery they were On the 27th of January in the 6th of his Reign the King issued his 5 Rot. Claus 6 Ed. III. M. 36. Dors A. D. 1331. A Parlement called Writs for a Parlement to meet on the Monday after St. Gregory or 12th of March reciting in the Summons the Cause of calling it which the Chancellor more fully declared 6 Rot. Parl. 6 Ed. 3 n. 5. To advise the King whether he should go to the Holy Land with the King of France To wit That the King of France and many other Kings and Princes quamplures alii Reges Principes so in the Writ had ordered his going toward the Holy Land in that present Month of March and that it much pleased him to have the Company of the King of England for the greater performance against the Enemies of God and for
to Henry Bishop of Lincoln William Earl of Salisbury and William Earl of Huntington who were sent into Flanders and before the Month of May was ended 2 Rot. Aleman 11 Ed. III. M 9 10 11. A. D. 1537. What Men they were to find and what their Wages and Stipends they contracted with several Noblemen and others in Haynault Guelderland and Juliers to assist the King against France together with what Number of Men every of them were to find to serve the King and the Wages and Stipends or as now called Pay they were to receive for so doing In a very short time after 3 Ibm. 4 German Princes enter into Alliance with K. Edw. Reginald the Second Earl of Gueldres and Zutphen who Married Eleonora the King's Sister and William Marquess of Gulick came into the Alliance as also 4 Ibm. Rupert Count Palatine of the Rhine Duke of Bavaria Lewis the Emperor 5 Ibm. entred into a Confederacy with King Edward by which they obliged themselves and Heirs to Assist each other with all their Power to recover their Inheritances and Possessions Lewis the Emperor joins with him John Duke of Lorrain c. with-held from them by Philip of Valois About the same time 6 Ibm. M 8. And many petty Earls Lords retained to serve him John Duke of Lorrain Brabant and Lemburgh was retained for King Edward and many petty Earls and Lords In the same Year the 11th of Edward III. several of the same Confederacies are entred upon the 7 M. 1. 6. 11. The Wages of Retainers better than 18 d. a day A Man at Arms better than 18 d. a day Scots Roll where in some of them the Wages was expressed which was allowed by the King to his Retainers for every Man at Arms they brought into his Service by the Month viz. 15 Florens of Florence which was 45 s. Sterlin better than Eighteen pence a Day great Wages at that time The Allies and Confederacies on the French side were the 8 Du Chesue f. 646. C. The King of France his Confederates Bishop of Liege John King of Bohemia and Earl of Luxemburgh Henry Count Palatine of the Rhine Aubert Bishop of Metz Otho Duke of Austria Theodore Marquess of Montferrat Ame Earl of Geneva Gefrey Earl of Linanges Waleran Earl of Deux-Ponts Henry Earl of Vandemont John Earl of Sarbruck Imbert Bastard of Savoy and many other Lords and Captains of Almain Spain Franch-County Dauphine Savoy and other Countries the Scots and Duke of Lorrain Having made these Alliances against France King Edward before any Acts of Hostility 9 Rot. Alman 11 Ed. III. n. 13. A. D. 133â— Commissioners sent by K. Edw. to K. Ph. to treat about the Right of the Crown of France and to which of them it belonged constituted the Bishop of Lincoln the Earls of Salisbury and Suffolk and John Darcy his Agents by Commission Dated October 7. to Treat cum Magnifico Domine Principe Domino Philippo Rege Franciae Illustri with the Magnificent Prince Philip the Illustrious King of France or his Commissioners concerning the Right of that Crown and to which of them it belonged And by another 1 Ibm. They were also by another Commission impowered to treat about Aquitan c. and also a happy Peace Commission the same Persons were impowered to Treat upon all Controversies and Demands whatsoever relating to the Dukedom of Aquitan or other Parts beyond Sea and also of a happy and perpetual Peace Yet the same Day considering the famous Kingdom of France was lawfully devolved to him by Right of Succession and that he had claimed that Kingdom as his Inheritance he 2 Appen n. 85 B. A Commission to the Duke of Lorrain and Brabant to be Viceroy of France made John Duke of Brabant and Lorrain his Lieutenant Captain and Vicar-General there granting and committing to him meer Empire the Power of the Sword and all Jurisdiction high and low the Conusance and Decision of all Questions or Cases as well Criminal as Civil with Power to appoint Judges and Ministers as he pleased for the good Government of the Kingdom according to the Laws thereof The same Commissions were 3 Ibm. The same Commission to others granted and made to William Marquiss of Juliers William Earl of Henault and William Earl of Northampton to each of them severally the Words King of England and France and King of France and England being transpised that is sometimes England was put before France in these Commissions and sometimes France before England These Commissions so made he directed his 4 Ibm. He sent his Writ to all the great Persons of France and others to obey his Viceroys Writs of the same Date to the Arch-Bishops Bishops Dukes Marquisses Earls Barons and all other Persons in the Kingdom of France whatsoever commanding them willingly and freely to receive the said Duke and obey him in all things as if he were present himself letting them know That to the Obedient he would be very kind and to the Stubborn very severe The same Commands were directed to them in the Names of The same Commands were to obey others Marquiss of Juliers the Earls of Hanault and Northampton particularly and severally with the same transposition of Words King of England and France What were the Effects of these Commissions of Treaty and Lieutenancy I find not The Pope taking notice of these things to prevent the War between The Pope mediates a Peace between the two Kings the Two Nations sent to both Kings Peter Priest-Cardinal of St. Praxed and Bertrand Deacon-Cardinal of St. Mary in Aquizo if it might be to take up and end all Controversies between them 5 Rot. Fran. 11 Ed. III. M. 2. Dors Upon their Application to King Edward a Truce in hopes of a Peace to follow was obtained until the morrow after Candlemas in the 12th of his Reign It was thence continued 6 Rot. Alman 12 Ed. III. M. 36. to the first of March and from that time to 7 Rot. Alman 12 Ed. III. M. 36. Midsummer following if the King of France would agree to it But he not complying with the Terms of the last Continuation of the Truce King Edward was advised to declare it null which was done on the 8 Ibm. M. 16 6th of May and further to pass beyond Sea to confer with his Allies in prosecution of his Design against France He took the Advice and went to Antwerp But before he went the Cardinals prevailed with him to direct a 9 Rot. Alman 12 Ed. III. Part 1. M. 5. A. D. 1338. Commission Dated June 21. to John Arch-Bishop of Canterbury the Bishop of Durham Robert de Vfford Earl of Suffolk Sir Geofry le Scrop Kt. and Mr. John Vfford Arch-Deacon of Ely with full Power to treat and conclude all things in variance between them in order to a full and final Peace And by another
Recovery of his own and the Rights of his Crown he summoned a Parlement to meet at Westminster on the Wednesday after the Feast of the Translation of St. Thomas the Martyr that is Thomas Becket which Feast was July the 7th to be holden before his Son Edward Duke of Cornwall and Earl of Chester whom he had made Guardian of England And he not only publickly declared his intention in the Writs of Summons but 9 Rob. Aves p. 89. a. c. 29. A. D. 1340. The Arch-Bishop of Canterbury appointed the precise day to be on the 13th of June to pass from Orwell in Suffolk into Flanders with about 40 Ships that lay ready there to Treat with his Confederates about the War Upon this Resolution the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury then his Chancellor informed 1 Ibm. Then Chancellor acquaints the King with the Danger in his Passage to France He would not believe him He Quits his Council and sends him the Seal him That Philip of Valois his Adversary of France foreseeing his Passage had privately sent a great Fleet of Men of War to encounter him in the Haven of Sluce and advised him to provide more Ships and reinforce his Fleet otherwise he and his Affairs might be lost in the Passage The King not believing him said he would go whatever came of it The Arch-Bishop quitted his Council and taking Leave departed and sent the Seal of his Office to him yet the King thinking better on the Matter called to him Robert de Morle his Admiral and one Crabbe a famous Mariner who upon his enquiry gave him the same Information and Advice the Arch-Bishop had given whereupon he presently sent for him and delivered to him 2 Ib. p. 89. b. the Seal and also having sent to the Northern and Southern Parts and to London within ten days he had a sufficient Fleet and more Armed Men and Archers then he could expect or had use for With this Fleet he sailed towards Flanders and on Midsummer 3 Ibm. Day the English and French Fleets engaged when the English obtained a mighty Victory killing Thirty thousand French and taking and destroying Two hundred Ships The Parliament met at the time appointed and the cause of Summons was declared to be 4 Rot. Parl. 14 E. III. pars 2. n. 2 3. The cause of calling the Parlement to Treat and Ordain concerning the things might happen to the King for keeping the Peace in England upon the Marches of Scotland and upon the Sea and to Advise and Determine how and in what manner he might be best served by the Subsidy granted by common Assent the last Parliament and to remove the Difficulties and Hindrances in Collecting it 5 Ib. n. 4 5. On the next day being Thursday it was shewn to the Great Men and Commons as Grantz Comunes That since the Summons to this Parliament God by his Grace Dieu par sa grace had given the King Victory over his Enemies to the great Assurance Repose and Quiet of all his Liege Subjects and how that to perform his Design upon his Enemies he was forced to be aided or loose his Allies il lui covendroit a force estre eidez ou perdre son alliez and the Knights Citizens and Burgesses were charged by the Duke and the Council to advise how and in what manner the King might best and to the most Profit of him and the least grievance of his People be served by the Aid which had been granted him and to give their Answer on Saturday next following donez lour respons samedy prochein suant on which day a queu samedy after great Treaty and Debate had between the Great Men and the Knights and other Commons entre les Grantz les ditz Chivalers autres des Comunes it was agreed by all the Great Men and Commons That there should be Men assigned to sell the Ninths granted to the King last Parliament and directed the quickest and best way of selling them To this Parliament 6 Ib. n. 6 7. The King wrote to that Parlement That the Ayd given last Parlement was great were sent by the King the Earls of Arundell and Gloucester and Sir William Trussell with Letters of Credence dated at Bruges July the 9th in the 14th year of his Reign in England and first of France directed to the Dukes Arch-Bishops Bishops Earls Barons and others assembled in Parliament signifying to them That tho the Subsidy granted in the last Parliament was great yet because it could not in due time be converted into Money it did not answer his purpose as it ought He likewise remembred them of the Victory he obtained in the Water of Zwynes on Midsummer-day 7 Ib. n. 8. Yet because it could not be collected in due time it answered not his purpose And farther acquaints them That with the Assent of his Allies the Great Men of England who were with him and the Country of Flanders he had divided his Army and intended to go and lie down before Tournay with one part of it being an Hundred thousand Flemings Armed besides as must be supposed his English Forces and Robert Earl of Artois with Fifty thousand besides all his Allies and their Power were marching towards St. Omers that for the governing and marching of this Army he had need of a very great Sum of Money over and above what was sufficient to discharge his Debts which were necessarily to be paid before his march requesting them and every one of them dearly vous prions cheremont a chescun de vous to consider the great Danger might happen if he was not supplied with Money and Goods suddenly to give Satisfaction to the Country and his Allies and Soldiers which he had retained in case they should withdraw themselves or desert if not paid and also if his Allies should go over to the Enemy and join him if not paid At the Close of his Letter he tells them 8 Ib. n. 9. That the Persons above-named came over to declare his Condition and Business willing them to give full Faith and Credit to what they should say This Letter having been read and the Messengers 9 Ib. 9 10. Upon the King's Letter heard for the Reasons given in and by both all were of Opinion That the King in his great necessity could not be aided so speedily as he ought by the Ninth wherefore the Great Men sought all the ways they could par quoi les Grantz sercherent totes les voies quils poaint that the King might be speedily aided and thought it the best that he should have at present a certain number of Sacks of Wooll which was propounded to the Knights of Shires for their assents how they might be hastily provided and Merchants spoken to to take them at an indifferent and equal Rate sur 20000 Sacks of Wooll granted for a present Supply ce parlez as Chevaliers des Counties d'avoir louz assent coment
Charles Earl of Blois and John Earl of Montfort about Succession to and Enjoyment of that Dukedom Their Titles were thus Arthur the second had 1 Ib. and Robert of Aversbury p. 98. b. c. 40. Competitors for the Dukedom Two Sons by his first Wife this Duke John and another who Married and had a Daughter only and died before the Duke his Brother This Daughter was Married to Charles Earl of Blois Nephew to Philip the French King by his Sister The same Arthur by a second Wife had a Third Son who did bear the Title of Earl of Montfort The Question was Whether the Wife of the Earl of Bloys or the Earl of Montfort was nearest in Blood to the late Duke Upon the Dukes Death Montfort went to Nantes the chief City in Bretagne 2 Froâ—ssard Ibidem The Citizens of Nantes and some others own Montfort where he was received by the Citizens and People of the Country thereabout as their Lord and as nearest of Blood to his Brother who did homage and sware fealty to him To this place he summoned in the 3 Ib. 65 66 67. The Nobility and best fort of People appear not upon his Summons Nobility and the best sort of People of the Country and good Towns of Bretagne who appeared not whereupon he raised an Army and took the Town and Castle of Brest the City of Rennes the Town and strong Castle of Hannybout the Town and Castle of Caraches Yet after all this the Earl 4 Ib. c. 68. He offers to hold the Dukedom of the King of England by Homage and Fealty King Edward accepts his offer and promiseth to defend him of Montfort fearing the Earl of Bloys by the power of France might drive him out of the Dukedom came into England and offered to King Edward to hold it of him by Homage and Fealty if he would defend him against the French King and all others who should give him Trouble in this Matter The King accepted his offer and thought he should have great advantage by it as not having a more commodious way of entring France than by Bretagne calling to mind that the Alemans or Germans and Brabanters had done little or nothing for him and only made their own advantage by spending him much Money After Homage done King Edward in the presence of the Lords of Bretagne and England that were present promised he would aid and defend him as his Liege-man against the French King and all others The Homage and Promises were written sealed and delivered interchangeably The French King observing what the Earl of Montfort had The French King summons him to Paris done in Bretagne and hearing he had done Homage to the King of England for that Dutchy at the Request of the Earl of Bloys he was summoned to appear at Paris before the King Twelve Peers and other great Lords of France He appeared according to Summons 5 Ib. c. 69 70. He denies he did Homage to the King of England and when the French King charged him with having done Homage to his Adversary the King of England he denied it He then commanded him by all he held of him that he should not depart from Paris in Fifteen days in which time the Twelve Peers and other Lords should judge of his Right But he suddenly and privately withdrew from Paris and returned into Bretagne Nevertheless the Peers and Lords on the 15th day gave their The Peers of France give the Title of the Dutchy of Bretagne to Mary the Wife of the Earl of Bloys Opinions concerning the Title and Inheritance of the Dutchy That it belonged to Mary the Wife of the Earl of Bloys and further their Opinions were That if ever the Earl of Montfort had any Right he had forfeited it two ways by doing Homage and receiving it from any other Lord than the King of France of whom he ought to have held it and by disobeying the King's The Earl of Bloys enters Bretagne Commands in going from Paris without his Leave No sooner was this Judgment passed for him 6 Ib. c. 71 72. Surprised and took Earl Montfort but the Earl of Bloys with great assistance from the King of France entered Bretagne and surprized and took the Earl of Montfort in the Town of Nantes by the Treachery of the Townsmen from whence he was sent Prisoner to Paris and there died This was done says Foissard 7 Ib. c. 72. A. D. 1341. Who died at Paris being there Prisoner in the year 1341 about the Feast of All-Saints which was in the Fifteenth year of Edward the Third after whose Death his Widow Sister to the Earl of Flanders a Princess of great Prudence and Courage 8 Ib. c. 79. and Du Chesne f. 656. B. His Widow maintains War against the Earl of Bloys maintained the War against the Earl of Bloys and kept possession of those Parts and Places of Bretagne as had not been brought under his power This was in the beginning of Winter when the French Nobility that came with the Earl of Bloys by the King of France his Command retired the fury of the War then ceasing but failed not to return in the Spring to attempt to take from the Countess of Montfort what remained in her possession So soon as she was informed of their return she sent 9 Ib. in both She sends to the King of England for assistance Emery de Clisson a Lord of Bretagne into England to Request Assistance of the King propounding her Son John Heir to the Earl of Montfort as a Husband to one of his Daughters who was afterwards 1 Sâ—â—df Genealog Hist f. 179. Which she received Married to Mary his fourth Daughter and she enjoyed the Title of Dutchess of Bretagne The Proposition was readily agreed to by the King and he sent Sir Walter Manny into Bretagne with as many Men 2 Frâ—iss Du Châ—sne â—t supra A. D. 1342. Upon the Marriage of her Son with the King 's 4th Daughter at Arms as Sir Emery desired and also 3000 Archers but these were not sufficient to defend the Country against the Force of the Earl of Bloys who had taken Rennes Vannes and other Places and would have conquered all Bretagne if not speedily opposed 3 Ib. Frâ—iss c. 86. 90. Du Cheâ—ne f. 657. B. This Account was sent to the King by Messengers from the Countess and Sir Walter Manny whereupon he sent Robert de Artois with more Men Arms and Archers to reinforce Sir Walter 4 Du Chesne Iâ—m C. D. Frâ—â—ss c. 92. This joint Force besieged and retook Vannes but not long after Vannes was recovered by assault made by the Forces and Friends of Charles of Bloys in the defence whereof 5 Ib. c. 9â— Du Châ—sne f. 658. B. C. Robert de Artois was much and dangerously wounded who not long after returned into England in hopes of better Chirurgeons and Medicines and died there The
who reported That after the King had begun the War with France by Assent of the Prelates Great Men and Commons par Assent des Prelatz Grantz Comunes to conquer his Rights and Inheritance there he many times passed the Sea with his Host and in his last Passage had harassed the greatest part of the Dutchy of Bretagne and by God's Assistance had taken Towns Castles and Forts At last he came to the City of Vannes which by Advice of the Great Men with him he besieged where he was desired by the Pope for the Reverence of God and Holy Church he might send Two Cardinals with Terms of Peace or a Truce until a Peace might be treated of and concluded The King perceiving the Truce to be Honourable and Advantageous for him and his Friends or Allies assented to it that during the continuance thereof a Treaty of Peace might be had before the Pope as a Mediator and Friend but not as a Judge or one to whom the matter was compromitted come meen amy noun pas come juge ne recompromissair which Peace if Good and Honourable the King would accept if not he would pursue his Quarrel And he said further That because the War was begun by the Common Assent of the Prelates Great Men and Commons the King would not treat of or make Peace without their Common Assent Wherefore the Prelates and Great Men were charged furent chargez to Assemble on Thursday the First of May Joedy le primer jour de May to treat advise and agree among themselves whether the King ought to send Envoys to the Court of Rome to propound his Rights before the Pope or not And in the same manner the Knights of Counties and Commons were charged furent chargez les Chivalers des Countees Comunes to assemble in the Painted Chamber to treat c. and to report their Answer and Agreement in Parlement the same Day de reporter lour respons lour assent en dit Parlement le dit Joedy On which Day the Prelates and Great Men answered Their Advice was That the Truce was Honourable and Advantageous to the King and all his Friends and that every Christian ought to wish the War which was so great and hurtful to all Christians might end in Peace Wherefore they agreed to the Truce and that the King should send Messengers to Rome to lay before the Pope as Mediator and Friend but not as Judge his Rights and Demands in order to a Treaty of Peace according to the Form of the Truce And then the Knights of Counties came and the Commons puis vindrent les Chivalers des Countees les Comunes and answered by Monsieur William Trussel in the White Chamber who in the Presence of the King Prelates and Great Men qi en presence de nostre Seignieur le Roy des Prelatz Grantz proposed for the Knights and Commons purposa pur les Chivalers les Comunes that they were fully agreed the Truce should be kept to the end a good and honourable Peace might be made And further the said Commons les ditz Comunes prayed the King to send solemn Envoys or Messengers to treat of Peace as abovesaid and in case he could have an Honourable and advantageous Peace for himself and Friends he would accept it but if not the said Commons les ditz Comunes granted to aid and assist him and to maintain his Quarrel with all their Power granteront de luy aidez a meyntenir sa querele ove tote lour poair Several Commissions 5 Rot. Fran. 17 Ed. III. M. 12. 20 Maii ib. 19 Aug. n. 6. ib. 18 Ed. III. M. 3. 4 Aug. ib. M. 2 Octob. 20. were made to Commissioners to treat Commissioners sent to the Pope before the Pope as a private Person and not as a Judge with the Commissioners of his Cousin Philip of Valois upon all Dominions Dignities Honours Lands Possessions Places and Rights concerning which there was any Controversie or Dissention between them and also concerning the Right he had or might have to the Crown and Kingdom of France and generally about all Dissentions Wars Quarrels Commotions Questions Damages Injuries done given or made on either side c. In the Cotton Library 6 Clâ—opatra Edw. III. f. 28. in the bottom The Pope offers Equivalents to the English Commissioners They refuse to treat of any thing but the Crown and Kingdom of France there is a Treaty as it was managed at Avignion before the Pope day by day from the 22d of October to the 29th of November by William Bateman Bishop of Norwich John Offord Dean of Lincoln the Arch-Deacon of Norwich Sir Hugh Nevill Knight and Nicholas de Flisco The Pope offered many Equivalents to the English for the Dukedom of Guien c. to treat about what had been attempted against the Truce and by whose means it had been broken But they would not enter upon the Treaty of any other Matter until they were satisfied in their Demand of the Kingdom and Crown of France for King Edward By the last Commission there 7 Rot. Fran. Ed III. M. 2. 18 Octob. 20. were Two other Commissioners added to the former John de Thoresby and Sir Ralph Spigurnel Knight who appeared in the Pope's Court on the Feast of St. Catherine or 25th of November before himself and delivered the King's Letters to him and he appointed the next day at the time of Vespers to hear them When Mr. John Thoresby acquainted him that Sir Ralph and he had Commissions and were sent by the King for two things for reformation of what had been attempted against the Truce and also that they might assist the other Commissioners in the Treaty The Pope appointed them to come before him the 28th Day but not being then at leisure he appointed the next Day when they understanding from the Commissioners of the King's Adversary That he should have nothing in the Kingdom of France but in subjection to him they resolved to treat no more before they knew the King's Mind Whereupon the Pope told them he would send Sir Hugh Nevill to him with his Letters and likewise Sir Simon de Buyssy to the King of France And so stood the Treaty at that time on the 29th of November 1344. and 18th of Edward III. During the Treaty the French King put to death at Paris Oliver de Clisson and many other Barons and Lords of Bretagne and Normandy says Froissard 8 lib. 1. c. 99 for suspicion of Treason Du Chesne says 9 â— 660. A. B. they held secret Intelligence and private Correspondency and made a League with King Edward under their Seals contrary to the Ninth Article of the Truce which was That none in the Obedience of one King at the time of Truce should put himself under the Obedience of the other while it continued The Treaty hitherto having been without Success 1 Claus 18 Ed. III Part 1. M. 14 Dors A.
him many Noblemen and Manning it well with Men at Arms Archers and Seamen about the latter end of this month engaged them before Winchelsey 3 Ib. p. 121. a. c. 77. They make a Truce and took Twenty four large and rich Ships after which Sea Battel the Spaniards made a Truce for Twenty years The Truce 4 Rot. Fran. 23 Edw. III. M. 9 10. The French Truce prorogued above-mentioned that had been made between Calais and Guines on the 13th of October 1348 to continue unto the first of September 1349 was the 2d of May preceding Prorogued so the Word in the Record to the Feast of Pentecost in the year 1356. In August that year Philip of Valois as above died and his Son John succeeded 5 Ib. 24 E. III. M. 2. on the 25th of November next following Commissioners were appointed to Treat with his Commissioners to confirm the last Truce made with his Father to the first of August then next to come which was to be in the year 1351 and 25th of Edward III. Upon a new Treaty this same Truce 6 Ib. M. 8. Dors The same Truce continued Hostilities committed notwithstanding the Truces was proclaimed to continue a whole year longer until the first of August next after that first of August which was to be in the year 1352 and 26th of Edward III. Notwithstanding these Truces were in being there was often something enterprised by each Party against the other 7 Avesbury p. 121. a. c. 78. A. D. 1351. A. D. 1351. 25 Ed. III. The French besieged the Town of St. John de Angely in Xantogne in the year 1351 and made themselves Masters of it 8 Ib. b. c. 80. The English surprised the Castle of Guines the Governor having been corrupted with Money which King Edward pleasantly excused as 9 F. 372. Mezeray hath it saying Truces were Merchandise and that he did no more than follow the Example of King Philip who would have bought Calais This year the King issued his Writs 1 Rot. Clause 25 Ed. III. M. 5. Dors on the 15th of November for summoning a Parlement to meet on the Feast of St. Hillary or 13th of January which was on Friday 2 Rot. Parl. 25 Ed. III. Part 2. n 1. Summons to Parlement from that day it was continued to Monday because many of the Lords were not come and then until Tuesday the Fifth day of the Parlement when Sir William de Shareshall in the presence of the King Lords and Commons 3 Ib. n. 7. The cause of meeting declared declared the cause of Summons setting forth the King's Title to the Crown of France telling them That Philip of Valois had usurped it all his Life and not only so but moved War against him in Gascoign and other Places seising upon his Rights and Possessions and doing the Mischiefs to him by Sea and Land which they well understood in subversion of him and his Realm of England and that in Parlements before that time the Matter had been propounded in behalf of the King and the Great Men as also the Commons had been requested to give their Counsel and Advice fut prie de sibien as Grantz come as Comunes qils ent vorroient doner lour conseil advis what was best to be done and after good Deliberation had they said They knew no other way to advise him than to procure Allies to go against his Adversary by main Force and to do this they promised to aid him with Body and Goods a ceo fair ils lui promistrent de lui aider de corps de avoir Whereupon the King made Alliances beyond Sea and with their Assistance and the help of his good People of England he made War upon him because he could not have a reasonable Peace That the King and his Adversary had often assented to Truces yet his Adversary during those Truces imagining to subdue and deceive the King broke them every way continuing his Malice against him and his Friends That now John his Son after his decease continuing the same wrongs his Father had maintained possessed the Kingdom of France and contrary to the last Truce confirmed and sworn to by both which he had broken in Gascoign and Bretagne and also upon the Sea and had sent to Scotland to continue the ancient Alliance made between them wholly in Subversion and Destruction of the King and his People of England Wherefore the King first of all much thanks his Commons for the Aids they have made him and for the Good-will he had always found in them pur quoi tut ad e primes nostre Seigneur le Roi mercie molt a ces Comunes des Eydes qils lui ont faitz de lour bone volunte qils ad totes voyes trouve en eux c. and prays them les prie they would advise upon these things until Wednesday tant a cest meskerdy preschien suant which was next day and be at Westminster by Sun-rising taust apres le solail lever in the Painted Chamber to deliberate and to hear if the King would say any thing further touching the cause of his Parlement and to shew the King their Grievances if they had any that Remedy might be given them this Parlement Afterwards 4 Ib. n. 8. A Committee of Lords and Commons to meet to confer upon the Business of this Parlement The King sent the Lords or Great Men to them Sir William charged the Commons on behalf of the King le dit Sire William chargea les Comunes de par le Roi to shorten their stay in Town and for the quick dispatch of these Matters and others that might be shewn them from the King that before their departure they would go together in some place at Westminster to choose 24 or 30 Persons out of their whole number to be on the morrow in the Painted-Chamber that the King might send to them some Great Men aucunes des Grantz to confer with them upon the Business aforesaid On Friday 5 Ibm. all the Commons came before the Prince and the other Great Men les autres Grantz in the White Chamber The cause of Summons further declared and inforced where Sir Bartholomew Burghersh gave them an Account of the Malice and falshood of the King's Adversary of France ou fut dit par Monsieur Barthen de Burghersh la Malice la Fausine de son adversair de France how he had broke the last Truce and that lately upon the Sea in Gascoign Bretagne and near Calais and indeavoured by all the Subtilties and Contrivances his Council knew to trouble the King and his Subjects every where and said the Commons ought diligently to advise what seemed and what might be best to do for the King to oppose and check the Malice and falshood aforesaid for the safety of himself his Kingdom and all his Subjects And presently after this Declaration the said Sir William told
Nobility Gentry and Citizens in all Places and their Violence exercised upon the Peasants the Practices of the King of Navarre against the Dauphin and Government of France by making Divisions amongst the People and driving them into Parties and Factions the Barbarity of the Plundering-People calling themselves Companions and of the Soldiers 5 Mezer. f. 76. both Foreign and Domestics who upon Truces made between the Parties were neither disbanded or paid All these robbed and pillaged one another committed Rapin without distinction wasted and burnt the Countries where they came until the Dauphin procured himself to be declared Regent of France by the Parlement at Paris 6 Ib. f. 377. in the Year 1358. and some little while after until the Nation was reduced to some sort of Settlement by that Regency and Compliance between the Regent and Parlement which had not been before The last-mentioned Truce being expired without hopes of Peace 7 Froys lib. 1. c. 201. the King of England and his Son the Prince of Wales the the King of France and James Earl of Bourbon only amongst A Peace concluded themselves Treated of and agreed upon a Peace and sent the Articles into France to the Duke of Normandy the Dauphin and Regent He assembled the Prelates Nobles and People of the Good Towns who upon debate of the Terms resolved to suffer The French refuse the Terms more than they had done and permit their King to remain Prisoner rather than to submit to such Articles as should so much lessen the Power of France King Edward at the Return of the Messengers understanding the Resolution of the French determined to enter France with such a Force as should make an end of the War or procure Peace according to his Desire K. Edward raiseth a mighty Army To put what he resolved on in execution he raised an Army such as had not been 8 Froys â— 1. c. 205. seen and sent the Duke of Lancaster before him to Calais 9 â— 174. li 5. a. 1100 Ships provided to transport that Army Walsingham says there was Eleven hundred Ships prepared at Sandwich to Transport this Army from which Port he set sail on the 28th of 1 Claus 33 Ed. III. M 9. Dâ—rs October taking with him his Four Sons 2 Froys ut sâ—pra c. 207. Prince Edward Lyonel John and Edmond 3 Wals f. 174. â—in 3 6. 7. with most of the Nobility fere Proceres omnes leaving his young Song Thomas of Woodstock not then four Years old Guardian of the Kingdom with a Council fit to perform that Charge Before his 4 Froys l 1. c. 206. The King of France and his Son sent to the Tower Passage he sent the King of France and his Son from their loose Confinement to the Tower or more safe Custody and the rest of the French Prisoners into Places of Security With this Army 5 Ib. c. 209 210 211. he marched into the middle of France laying all waste as he marched He was entring 6 Was f. 174. n. 10. K. Edward marches into the middle of France burns and wastes the Country The French sue for Peace Burgundy when the Duke met him and compounded with him for Seventy thousand Florens to spare his Country from Burning and Rapin. The French kept themselves within their Places of Strength and filled them with Armed Men and permitted the Country to be harassed and ravaged by this Army The Miseries and Desolation of the Kingdom of France at this time and in this manner urged the Duke of Normandy and Regent the Clergy Nobility and all sorts of People to be desirous of and sue for a Peace 7 Mezeray f. 380. Cardinal Simon de Langres the Pope's Legate the Abbot of Clugny and the Dauphin's Commissioners always followed King Edward's Camp and earnestly sollicited for Peace The 8 Duke of Lancaster and other Lords were inclinable K. Edw. averse to a Peace and pressed the King to hearken to it He was averse putting such Terms upon the French they could not submit to them until as 9 Lib. 1. c. 211. Was â—frighted into it by a Tempest Froysard tells the Story being before Chartres there suddenly happened such a Tempest of Thunder Lightning Rain Hail and Stones that it killed many of his Men and Horses when turning towards our Lady's Church there and stedfastly beholding it he made a Vow to her to Consent to Peace And being then Lodged in a Village called Bretigny near Chartres Commissioners were appointed on both sides to Treat there accordingly This Famous Treaty of Bretigny was managed by 1 Rot. Cales de negotiis comunibus 3. a. Ed. III. M. 6. the Prince of Wales and Charles Regent of France in the Names of both Kings Commissioners for the English were Sir Reginald de Cobham Sir Bartholomew Burghersh Sir Francis Hale Banerets 1 Rot. Fran. 34 Ed. III. M. 11. Dors The famous Treaty of Bretigny Sir Miles Stapleton Sir Richard la Vache and Sir Neel Loring Knights with others of the King's Council On the French Party were the Elect of Beauves the Chancellor Charles Lord Momerency Monsieur John de Meingre Marshal of France Monsieur Aynart de la Tour Lord of Vivoy Monsieur Ralph de Ravenal Monsieur Simon de Bucy Knights Monsieur Stephen de Paris and Peter de la Charite with many others of his Council named by King John himself These Commissioners on both sides 2 Mezeray f. 380. A Peace made in 8 days met the first of May at Bretigny aforesaid within a Mile of Chartres and concluded upon all the Articles of this Peace in eight Days time which do here follow Translated from the French with Notes where they were afterwards altered and corrected by the Two Kings at Calais Edward Eldest Son 3 Rot. de Tract at pacis Fran. 34 Ed. III. M. 10. See also Leibnitz Codex juris Gentium from f. 208 to f. 220. to the King of France and England Prince of Wales Duke of Cornwal Earl of Chester To all those who shall see these Letters Greeting We make you know That all the Debates and Disorders whatsoever moved or stirred between our Lord and Father King of France and England on the one Part and our Cousins the King his Eldest Son Regent of the Realm of France and all those it may concern on the other Part. For the Good of Peace it is Agreed the 8th Day of May 1360. at Bretigny near Chartres in the manner following 1. First 4 Ibm. That the King of England with what he holds in Gascogne and Guyen shall have for him and his Heirs for ever all those Things which follow to hold them in the same manner the King of France or his Son or any of his Ancestors Kings of France held them That is to say Those in Soveraignty in Soveraignty and those in Demain in Demain according to the time and manner
Party which shall be executed by the Two Kings and in case they cannot end the Controversy in half a year then the Two Principal Parties of Blois and Here seems to be some inconsistency in this part of the Article but it is a true Verbal Translation from the â—râ—nch Montfort shall do what seems best to them and the Friends of one Part and the other shall assist which Part they please without hinderance of the said Kings or without receiving any Damage Blame or Reproach from them and if it happen that one of the Parties will not appear before the Kings or their Deputies at the time appointed and also in case the Kings or their Deputies shall declare an Accord between the Parties and shall give their Opinion of the Right of one Party and either of the Parties will not consent to and obey the Declaration then the said Kings shall be against him with their whole Power and in Ayd of the other which shall comply and obey But the Two Kings shall not in any Case in their proper Persons or by others make War upon one another for the Cause aforesaid and the Soveraignty and Homage of the Dutchy shall always remain to the King of France 22. Also That all the Lands Towns Countries Castles and other Places delivered to the King shall enjoy such Liberties and Franchises as they have at present which shall be confirmed by the said Kings or their Successors so often as they shall be duly required if they be not contrary to this Accord 23. Also the King of France shall render or cause to be rendred and confirm to Monsieur Philip of Navarre and to all his Adherents after this time as soon as may be without Deceit and at furthest within a Year after the King of France shall be gone from Calais all the Towns Fortresses Castles Lordships Rights Rents Profits Jurisdictions and Places whatever which he in his own Right or in Right of his Wife or his Adherents held or ought to hold in the Kingdom of France And that he shall not do them any Damage or Injury or reproach them for any thing done before that time and shall pardon them all Offences and Misprisions for the time past by reason of the War and for this they shall have good and sufficient Letters so as the said Monsieur Philip and his Adherents return to their Homage and perform their Devoirs and be Good and Loyal Vassals 24. Also it is accorded That the King of England may give for this time only to whom he please the Lands and Heritages that were Mons Godfrey de Harecourt's to hold of the Duke of Normandy or other Lords of whom they ought to hold by Homage and Services anciently accustomed 25. Also it is agreed That any Man or Country under the Obedience of one Party shall by reason of this Accord go under the Obedience of the other Party he shall not be impeached for any thing done in time past 26. Also it is agreed That the Lands of the Banished and Adherents of one Party and the other and the Churches of one Party and the other and all those that are disherited and outed of their Lands or charged with any Pension Tax or Imposition or otherwise in any manner charged by reason of the War shall be restored entirely to the same Rights and Possessions which they had before the War began and that all manner of Forfeitures Trespasses or Misprisions done by them or any of them in that time shall be wholly pardoned and these things to be done so soon as they well can or at furthest within one Year after the King shall leave Calais except what is said in the Article of Calais and Merk and the other Places named in that Article except also the Viscount of Fronsac and Mons John Gaillard who are not to be comprised in this Article but their Goods and Heritages shall remain as they were before this Treaty 27. Also it is agreed That the King of France shall deliver to the King of England as soon as well he may and at furthest within one Year after his Departure from Calais all the Cities Towns Countries and other Places above-named which by this Treaty ought to be delivered to him 28. Also it is agreed That upon Delivery of the Towns Fortresses and whole County of Ponthieu the Towns Fortresses and whole County of Montfort the City and Castle of Xainctes the Castles Towns Fortresses and all the King held in Demain in the Country of Xaintogne on both sides the River Charente the City and Castle of Angoulesme and the Castles Fortresses and Towns which the King of France held in Demain in the Country of Angoulmois with Letters and Commands of Releasing of Faith and Homage to the King of England or his Deputies He at his proper Cost and Charge shall deliver all the Fortresses taken and possessed by him his Subjects Adherents and Allies in the Countries of France of Anjou of Main of Berry Avergne Burgoigne Champaigne Picardy and Normandy and in all other Parts and Lands of the Kingdom of France except those of the Dutchy of Bretagne and those Countries and Lands by this Treaty which ought to be and remain to the King of England 29. Also it is agreed That the King of France shall give up and deliver to the King of England his Heirs or Deputies all the Towns Fortresses Castles and other Lands Countries and Places before named with their Appertenances at his proper Costs and Charge And also if he shall have any Rebels or Disobedient that will not render and give up to the the King of England any Cities Castles Towns Countries Places or Fortresses which ought to belong to him the King of France shall be bound to cause them to be delivered at his own Expence And likewise the King of England shall cause to be delivered at his Expence the Fortresses that by this Treaty ought to belong to the King of France And the said Kings and their People shall be bound to Aid one another when they shall be required at the Wages of the Party that shall require it which shall be one Florin of Florence a Day for a Knight and half a Florin for on Escuyer and to others And it is Agreed That if the Wages be too small in regard of the Rate of Provisions or Victuals in the Countries they shall be ordered by Four Knights chosen for that purpose Two of one Party and Two of the other 30. Also it is agreed That all the Arch-Bishops Bishops and other Prelates and Men of Holy Church by reason of their Temporalties shall be subject to that King under whom they hold their Temporalties and if they have Temporalities under both Kings they shall be subject to each King for the Temporalty they hold of him 31. Also it is agreed That Good Alliances Amities and Confederacies be made between both the Kings and their Kingdoms saving the Conscience and Honour of one
King and the other notwithstanding any Confederacies they have made on this side or beyond the Sea with any Persons be they of Scotland or Flanders or any other Country 32. Also it is agreed That the King of France and his Eldest Son the Regent for them and for their Heirs Kings of France as soon as it may be done shall declare themselves and depart from all the Confederacies they have with the Scots and promise That they nor their Heirs nor the Kings of France for the time being shall give or do to the King or Realm of Scotland nor the Subjects thereof present and to come any Aid Comfort or Favour against the King of England his Heirs and Successors nor against the Kingdom nor against the Subjects in any manner and that they make not other Alliances with the Scots in time to come against the Kings and Kingdom of England And in like manner as soon as it may be done the King of England and his Eldest Son shall declare themselves and depart from all Alliances they have with the Flemmings and so on in the same Words and Things concerning them as the King of France engaged to do in respect of the Scots 33. Also it is agreed That the Collations and Provisions made of Benefices vacant in time of the War by one Party and the other shall hold and be good and that the Costs Issues and Revenues received and levied of any Benefices or other things Temporal whatever in the Kingdoms of France and England by one Party or the other during the Wars shall be quitted by one Party and the other 34. Also That the Kings above-said shall be bound to cause to be confirmed all the Things above-said by our Holy Father the Pope and they shall be made sure and strengthened by Oaths Sentences and Censures of the Court of Rome and all other Places in the most strong manner that can be and there shall be obtained Dispensations Absolutions and Letters from the Court of Rome for perfecting this Treaty and they shall be delivered to the Parties at furthest within three Weeks after the King shall be arrived at Calais 35. Also That all the Subjects of the said Kings which come to Study in the Universities and Places of Study in the Kingdoms of France and England shall enjoy the Privileges and Liberties of those Places and Universities as well as they might have done before the War or as they do at this present 36. Also it is agreed That to the end the Things debated and treated of as above may be more established firm and valuable there shall be made and given the Securities which follow That is to say Letters or Instruments sealed with the Seals of both Kings and their Eldest Sons the best that can be made or directed by their Counsel And the said Kings and their Eldest Sons and other Sons shall swear and also those of their Lineage and other great Men of their Kingdoms to the number of Twenty on each side That they will observe and keep and help in the keeping of the Things treated and agreed inasmuch as shall concern them and without Fraud or Deceit shall accomplish them without ever doing any thing to the contrary and without any hindrance of the same And if there shall be any of the Kingdom of England or France which shall be Rebels and will not agree to the Things above-said the said Kings shall use the Power of their Bodies Goods and Friends to bring such Rebels to Obedience according to the Form and Tenour of the Treaty And further the said Kings their Heirs and Kingdoms shall submit themselves to the Coertion of our Holy Father the Pope that he may constrain by Sentences Censures of the Church and all due ways him that shall be Rebel according to Reason And according to these Establishments and Securities above-said both Kings and their Heirs shall by Faith and Oath Renounce all Wars and Contention And if by Disobedience Rebellion or Power of any Subjects of France or any just Cause the King of France or his Heirs cannot accomplish all the Things above-said the King of England his Heirs or any for them shall not make War against the King of France his Heirs or Kingdom but both together shall endeavour to bring the Rebels into true Obedience and accomplish the Things above-said And if any of the Realm or Obedience of the King of England will not render the Castles Towns and Fortresses which they hold in the Realm of France and obey the Treaty above-said or for just cause cannot do that which by this Treaty they ought to do The King of France nor his Heirs nor any for them shall make War upon the King of England or his Kingdom but both together shall employ their Power to recover the Castles Towns and Fortresses and that all Obedience and Compliance may be given to the Treaty And there shall be made and given on both sides according to the nature of the Fact all manner of Security that shall be known or can be devised as well by the Pope the College of the Court of Rome as otherwise holding and keeping the Peace perpetually and all the Things as above agreed 37. Also it is agreed That by this present Treaty all others if any have been made before shall be null and void and never be any Advantage to either Party nor cause any Reproach of one to the other for not observing them 38. Also the present Treaty shall be Approved Sworn to and Confirmed by the Two Kings when theyshall meet at Calais and after the King of France shall be gone from thence and be in his own Power within a Month next following he shall make Letters Patents of Confirmation and send and deliver them at Calais to the King of England and receive such and the like from the King of England 39. Also it is agreed That neither King shall procure or cause to be procured by himself or others any Injury or Molestation by the Church of Rome or any of Holy Church whoever they be to or concerning this Treaty towards either of the Kings their Coadjutors Adherents and Allies whoever they be or their Lands or Subjects on occasion of the War or other thing or for Service the Coadjutors Adherents or Allies of either side have performed or if our Holy Father will do it of himself both Kings shall hinder it as well as they can without Deceit 40. Also the Hostages that are to be delivered to the King of England at Calais the manner and time thereof the Two Kings shall there direct Note That in the Corrected Instrument or Letters of this Treaty the Words Resort and Sovereignty are always and in all Articles omitted in respect to the King of England's enjoying them in the Places which were to be delivered to him where in the uncorrected Articles and Instrument they are given to him And then it follows at the latter end or bottom of the Articles
according to the Original by others according to the Corrected Articles but 't is not very hard to see thro this Mystery for both Kings and their Sons were very strict and exact in Confirming both Copies of the Articles as they thought themselves obliged by Oath to do and first confirmed them at Calais before the King of France had his Liberty and afterwards at Bologn when he was free from his Imprisonment yet were not so strict and just in the observation of their Oaths in the performance and fulfilling of them but used and made their advantage of the different Copies of the Letters and Instruments as they served their turns All things at that time relating to this Peace at Bretigny that could be having been finished at Calais and Bologne the 1 Froysard lib. 1. c. 213 f. 108. b. A. D. 1360. The King returns to England with the Hostages for the Observation of the Peace of Bretegny King his Sons and others with the Hostages of France took Shipping on the Eve of All-Saints or last of October and came for England where the Lords and other 2 Ibm. Their Freedom and Kind Reception in England Hostages had all the Enjoyments of the City of London Hawked Hunted and Visited the Ladies in the Country without any Restraint the King's Favour being so great towards them It was not long after this 3 Ib. c. 214. Du Chesne f. 693. D. A. D. 1361. King Edward â—â—nt Commissioners into France to take Possession of what had been agreed on that King Edward sent his Commissioners into France to take possession of what was granted him and what he was to enjoy according to the Peace but several Lords in Languedoc and Gascogne refused at first to be wholly under the Power of the English notwithstanding the King of France had Released their Faith and Homage which they affirmed Several Earls Viscounts and Lords refuse to become his Subjects Yet at last submit against their Wills he could not do nor make them Subjects to another Man The Lords were the Earls of March Perrigort Gominges Arminac the Viscounts of Chastillon and Carmaing the Lords of Pincornet and d'Albret yet at last pressed by the King's Command and prevailed upon by the King's Cousin James of Bourbon who was sent Express to them they obeyed against their Wills The same Difficulties were found in 4 Ibm. in both The same difficulties of non-submission in Poictou c. Poictou Rochelois and Xantoigne The Rochellers excused themselves often praying King John he would not put them out of his Power that they might come under the power of the English shewing to him they had rather every year be Taxed to the half of their Goods then come under their Power yet at length they submitted declaring openly That they would obey but their Hearts could never be moved 5 Froys Ib. Du Chesne f. 694. A. Further Difficulties about Evacuating Garrisons This done King Edward made Sir John Chandos his Lieutenant who had possession given him of all the Lands Countreys Towns and Fortresses which he was to have in France by John de Maingre Marshal of France and Received the Fidelity and Homages of all the Earls Viscounts Barons Knights and Esquires Towns and Fortresses making and appointing Seneschals Bayliffs Governors and all Officers in all Places in the Name of the King of England and made his own Residence at Niort a City in Poictou Then these there were yet greater Difficulties for notwithstanding what the English and French Commissioners for evacuating the Garrisons held by or for the English could do 6 Froys Ib. f. 109. b. Robbers Plunderers and Disbanded Officers and Soldiers there were some that would not yield but pretended they were imployed by the King of Navarre There were also many Strangers great Captains and great 7 Ibm. Make a great Body and call themselves Companions Robbers or Pillagers as Almains Brabanters Flemmings Haynalders and Gascoins who would not quit their Imployments or the Kingdom of France but set up for themselves under the Name of Companions and the Disbanded Soldiers of such as gave up the Garrisons and freely left their present Imployments ran into them chose new Captains and formed themselves into a great Body of Men 8 Ib. f. 110. a. so as it was feared in time they might do more Mischief in France then the War had done 9 Walsingh f. 178. l. 9 13. f. 181. l. 9. The greater part of their Leaders were English or at least under the Dominion of the King of England yet would not obey his Orders answering they must live by what they got To reduce these or expel them the Nation 1 Froys Ib. c 215. f. 111. 4. James of Bourbon sent with an Army to reduce them the King of France sent his Cousin James of Bourbon with an Army which was routed and himself much wounded of which Wounds he died three days after 2 Ibm. which was routed and himself killed They divide into Two Bodies These Companions pillaged and plundered the Countreys and good Towns where-ever they came and by the encouragement of this Victory or Advantage they grew very numerous so as they divided themselves into Two Bodies one whereof lay at Ance upon the River Saone not far from Lyons 3 Ib. f. 111. b. One whereof marched toward Avignon And threatned the Pope and Cardinals the other marched down by the River Rhosne leaving Lyons toward Avignon and in their way took the Bridge and Town of Holy Spirit within Seven Leagues of that Place and other Fortresses making themselves Masters of that River in this Place they found great Riches and had contrived to proceed to Avignon and take it or bring the Pope and Cardinals under their Mercy Pope Innocent and the Cardinals much disturbed at the Proceedings of these People who besides Robbing and Plundering committed all sorts of 4 Ibm. A Croysado Preached up against them without effect horrid Villanies preached up a Croysado against them and absolved all from Crime and Punishment a culpa poena who would venture their Lives to destroy them 5 Ibm. The Artifice to divert them but this Design did not take and therefore they sent to the Marquis of Montferrat who had then War with the Milanese to come to Avignon 6 Ibm. where it was contrived That for a good Sum of ready Money and the Promise of great Pay he should attempt to get them into his Service which had its due effect for upon the Payment of the Money and his Promise they quitted the Town of St. Spirit and other Places and marched with him into Piedmont The other Body of Companions would not stir out of France but kept possession of what they had got and increased in their Numbers and Outrages During these Confusions in France King Edward sent his Commissioners Sir Thomas Vuedale and Mr. Thomas de Dunclent Licentiate in Laws to the King
the College declared an Infidel Cursed and Condemned and Henry the Bastard Legitimated and made capable of Receiving the Kingdom 9 Froys ib. The Kings of France and Arragon make War against Peter and drive him out of his Kingdom By this Encouragement the Kings of France and Aragon made War upon him and sent under the Command of Bertrand du * Guesclin the Famous Commander of the Companions a great Body of those Men and a great Number of other Voluntiers under excellent Officers to assist the Bastard Henry against Peter who drove him out of his Kingdom Peter applies himself to the Prince of Wales 1 Ibm. c. 231. A. D. 1366. He applies himself to the Pr. of Wales who undertakes his Quarrel who sends into England to his Father and by his Advice and the Concurrence of the Gascon Lords undertakes his Quarrel upon Condition of Payment of his Men and that the King of Navarre would permit them to pass through his Country 2 His Brother the Duke of Lancaster came to his Assistance out of England and with as many Companions as he could gather up under the Command of Sir Hugh Caverly and others the Gascons and Forces his Brother brought with him he enters Castile 3 Ib. c. 234. Beats Henry The March Number of Men and Chief Commanders are described and named by Froisard on Saturday April 3. 1366. The 4 Ib. c. 237 238. and restores him Battel was fought between Navar and Navaret in Spain where Henry the Bastard received a total Rout and Peter was restored to his Kingdom Some time after the Battel 5 Ib. c. 239. f. 142. The Pr. sends to K. Peter for Pay for his Soldiers and could not get it the Prince sent to King Peter for Pay for his Soldiers who excused himself and let him know his People could raise no Money so long as the Companions were in the Country and that they had three or four times robbed his Treasurers coming to him with Money and therefore desired him to send them away The Prince not being well 6 Ibm. The Pr. not being well returns with his Army into Aquitan nor the Air of Spain then thought to be infectious agreeing with him or his Army he was advised to return to Aquitan and Order was given accordingly Upon his return he promised the Army to pay them so soon as he got Money though King Peter had not kept his Promise The Gascon Lords went to their own Homes the 7 Ib. c. 240. Companions kept together expecting their Wages and exercised their Trade of Robbing and Plundering The Prince desired 8 Ibm. The Companions rob and spoil the Country them to leave his Country it not being able to sustain them Some staid others that would not displease him marched towards France under English and Gascon Officers passed the River Loire and went into Champagne where their Numbers encreased much and they were so strong as none dare encounter them though many Complaints had been made to the King of France concerning them They harassed the Countries where-ever they came and the 9 Ibm. People wondered the Prince of Wales should send them thither to make War * So Mezeray Froysard Clâ—squi Walsingham Cleikin others Clequin and Guesciline Who wanting Money to pay his Debts contracted by the The Pr. wants Money Spanish Expedition and his own Expences and in some measure to satisfie his Soldiers and Military Men he was advised 1 Ib. c. 241. to call together the Bishops Abbats Barons and Knights of Aquitan at Niort where Chimney-Money was propounded and urged by Chimney-money propounded Many dissatisfied about it the Bishop of Rhodes Chancellor of Aquitan a Frank upon every Chimney Some consented to it others dissented but the main Answer was They would consider and advise about it and then departed 2 Ibm. Yet it was exacted The Prince commanded them to return at a Day assigned Many returned not nor would suffer Chimney-Money to be paid 3 Ibm. against the Advice of some of his Council He rigorously exacted the Collection of it Sir John Chandos one of the Chief of his Council advised him to the contrary but seeing he could not prevail left him pretending Business in Normandy at his own Estate St. Saviours le Vicount where he abode six Months In the mean time 4 Ibm. Many Great Men of Gascon complain to the King of France of the Oppressions of the Pr. of Wales the Earl of Arminac the Lord d'Albret the Lords Gomenges Pincornet and divers other Barons Prelates Knights and Esquires of Gascon made great Complaints and appealed to the French King as their Superious Lord to whose Court was as they affirmed the last Resort for maintaining their Liberties and Franchises against the Oppressions and Evil Usages of the Prince of Wales 5 Ibm. The King of France Summons him before him in his Chamber of Peers He managed them cunningly giving them such Answers as satisfied them at present yet knew not his meaning until he had covertly prepared for War and then he sent a 6 Ib. c. 243. Du Chesue f. 699. D. A. D. 1369. The Prince his Answer Summons to the Prince of Wales upon their farther Instance Dated January 25. at Paris to appear there before him in his Chamber of Peers and do the People Right according to their Complaints His Answer was That if he must come he would attended with Sixty thousand Men. This Summons was soon after followed with a Defiance 7 Froys e. 246. Du Ches f. 700. D. The King of France desies the King of England Invades Ponthicu and Aquitan sent to the King of England and the Invasion of Ponthieu and Aquitan The chief Reasons why the French King began the War again with England were besides the above-mentioned a pretended 8 Du Chesne f. 693. B C. The Reason of this War Agreement the Two Kings should make at Bologne on the 26th of October 1360. when the Treaty at Bretigny had been corrected and confirmed by them both by which it was accorded That whereas for some Difficulties which then hapned the Renunciations to be made at Calais could not be perfected both Kings in the Year following should send their Deputies to Bruges to be there on the Feast-Day of St. Andrew bringing with them the Treaty of Peace and Renunciations in Letters Patents Sealed with their Seals And until that time they should be of no effect And that to the King of France should remain the Resorts and Soveraignties as before 9 Ibm. That if any of the Subjects of one Party or the other should contravene the Peace exercising Robbing and Killing Pillaging Burning or Taking or Detaining Fortresses Persons or Goods in one Kingdom or the other upon the Subjects Adherents or Allies and should not cease or make Reparation within one Month after Demand From thence they were to be holden as Banished both Kingdoms Guilty of
Treason and to be punished without Remission or Connivance And further That one King do not Receive the Enemies of the other but preserve their Honour Reciprocally And that King 1 Ibm. Edward on his Part deputed no body to Bruges at the time appointed to make the Exchange of the Treaty and Renunciations 2 Ib. f. 694. A. B. That instead of delivering the Fortresses and Garrisons he held in France at his own Charge as he was expresly bound by the Treaty he kept many in his own Name under pretence of Wages due to the Soldiers as then unpaid and seized upon others and continued the War in effect by those of his Party who changed their Names and called themselves Companions who would not yield the Places they held without an unreasonable Redemption or Payment for the quitting of them Further That he took no notice of the Difference between his Son-in-Law John Montfort and Charles Earl of Blois concerning the Dutchy of Bretagne as by the Treaty he was equally bound to do as the King of France was but suffered the War to continue there to weaken the Force of France and to prevent the Return of the Companions into England lest that might have been too great Charge and Trouble to him That he never kept his Faith with France Lastly That he had done Homage and sworn Fealty to the King of France as to his Superiour Lord for the Dutchy of Aquitan Earldom of Ponthieu c. Mezeray 3 Fol. 388. writes That King Edward thought himself absolute Soveraignt in Guyen by the Treaty of Bretigny but as on his side he had not Disbanded his Soldiers and moreover he had committed divers Hostilities the King of France pretended that Treaty was null and void and that therefore he remained still a Vassal to the Crown And that it was upon this foot that All the Lands the King of England held in France declared so feit and to be confiscated for Rebellion Contempt and Disobedience he sent to declare War against him And afterwards his Parlement being assembled on Ascension-Eve sitting in his Seat of Justice made a Decree by which for Rebellion Contempt and Disobedience they declared forfeit and confiscated all those Lands the King of England held in France But beyond this Pretence in the Declaration of the Confiscation of the Dukedom of Aquitan against King Edward and the Prince of Wales by Charles V. King of France Dated at Vincennes the 14th of May 1370. it is positively affirmed That the Superiority and Resort of the whole Dukedom of Aquitan and the other Lands delivered and assigned to the English by that Treaty were especially and expresly reserved to his Father himself and Successors See the Instrument it self in Codex Juris Gentium Diplomaticus Fol. 229. Paragraph 1. wherein they are said to have violated the Peace they solemnly Sware to maintain and for that their Rebellion there so called their Contempt and Vsurpation of the Superiority and Resort of the Dukedom of Aquitan and other Lands and many other Crimes there mentioned that Dukedom c. was decreed Confiscate and to be annexed to the Crown of France The War being open the King 1 Claus 43 Ed. III. M. 24. Dors A. D. 1369. Summoned a Parlement to meet on the Octaves of Holy Trinity or the next Sunday after that Feast being May 27. this Year 2 Rot. Parl. 43 Ed. III. n. 1. A Parlement called The cause of Summons The King Prelates Dukes Earls Barons Knights Citizens and Burgesses being in the Painted Chamber the Bishop of Winchester then Chancellor shewed the cause of Summons telling them That the King in all his great Business touching himself and the Kingdom had in all times done and wrought de tout temps ad fait overs c. by the Counsel and of the Great Men and Commons of the Realm who he found in all his Affairs Good and Loyal for which he thanked them and would not any thing should be unknown to them He further told them That with their Advice and An account of the Transactions between K. Edward and his Adversary of France Counsel he had made Peace with his Adversary of France upon certain Conditions That he should cause to be delivered unto him certain Lands and Countries beyond Sea and also pay him certain Sums of Money at certain times appointed in the Peace and that he should lay aside the Use of Resort in all the Lands and Countries of Gascon and all the Lands and Countries which the King held beyond Sea and that he was to part with the Name and Title of the King of France for the same time pur His unfaithful Dealing with K. Edw. mesme le temps That his Adversary had wholly failed to make Delivery of the Lands and Countries so Agreed to be Delivered by the Peace and of his Payment also That nevertheless he had received the Appeals of the Earl of Armynak the Lord de la Bret and others which were the King's Lieges in Gascon and by virtue of their Appeals had caused to be Summoned the Prince of Gascoigne to appear before him at Paris le Prince de Gascoigne dapparer devant luy a Paris c. the first Day of May last past to Answer their Appeals against the Form of the Peace 3 Ibm. n. 2. And further That he had sent a great Number of Men at Arms and others into the Countries of Gascoigne and there by force had taken Towns Castles Fortresses and other Places killed some of the King's Liege People taken others and imprisoned them in expectation of great Ransoms The like also he had done in Ponthieu And because of these things done in the Principality against the Form of the Peace 4 Ibm. n. 3. the Prince sent solemn Messengers to inform the King he had called to him the most Wise Men of the Principality and treated with and propounded to them whether by reason of these things he might not by Right and Reason retake upon him and use the Name of King of France who answered and affirmed the King might do it by Right and Good Faith de Droit bon Foi 5 Ibm. Upon which Point the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and the other Prelates were charged by the King furent chargez par le Roy to treat and shew their Advice and Counsel lour Avys Conseil On Wednesday following the 6 Ibm. n. 8. King Edward by Advâ—câ— of Parlement retakes upon him the Title and Name of King of France Arch-Bishop and Prelates after mature Deliberation had upon the Charge with one accord answered and said respondrient desoient That the King for the Causes above-said might retake and use the Name of King of France by Right and good Conscience To which Agreed the Dukes Earls Barons and other Great Men and Commons in full Parlement a ce 7 Ibm. accorderent les Ducs Countes Barons autres Grants
50000 l. the said Great Men and Commons les ditz Grantz Comunes granted of every Parish within the Kingdom of England Cxviâ—s the Sum of 22 s. 3 d. first granted being comprised therein except the County of Chester and the Church Lands which were Taxed to the Tenth so as always the Parishes of greater value should be contributary to those of less value The 3 Ib. n. 12 13. Commission of this Grant was read before the King Great Men and Commons and the Names of the Collectors given in by the Knights of the Shires and also the Names of the Lords and others that were assigned to see the Tax was duely and reasonably Assessed and Levied and the Petitions of the Commons that were not answered in the preceding Parliament were answered in this Council amongst which this following is very observable For that 4 Ib. n. 15. it had been declared to the King in this present Parlement by all the Earls Barons and Commons of England That The Commons Petition that Lay-men and no others might be made the great Officers of the Kingdom the Government of the Kingdom had for a long time been managed by Men of the Church whereby many Mischiefs and Damages had happened in time to come in Disherison of the Crown and to the great Prejudice of the Kingdom It would please the King That Laymen of sufficient Abilities and no others might for the future be made Chancellor Treasurer Clerc of the Privy Seal Barons of the Exchequer Chamberlanes of the Exchequer Controller and other Great Officers and Governors of the Kingdom and that this Matter might be so Established that it might not be Defeated or any thing done to the contrary in time to come saving to the King the Election and Removal of such Officers yet so as they should be Lay-men The King's Answer was 5 Ibm. He would do in this Point what The King's Answer seemed best to him by Advice of his Council The Members of this great Council were 6 Rot. Clause 25 Ed. III. M. 29. Dors The Members of the great Council at Winchester four Bishops four Abbats six Earls six Barons and such and so many of the Commons as the King named in his Writs to the Sheriffs which were of the last Parlement for Kent there were only 7 Ibm. Thomas Apuldrefeld one of the Knights of the Shire Edmund Horner one of the Citizens of Canterbury and John Fynchynfeld one of the Citizens of Rochester About this time 8 Froys c. 295. John Duke of Lancaster Married Constance the Eldest Daughter of Peter the Cruel King of Castile c. the true Inheritrix of that Kingdom and took upon him the Title of King in her Right * Ib. John Duke of Lancaster's Title to Castile 9 Ib. c. 296. Whereupon Henry the Bastard of Castile made a League Offensive and Defensive with the King of France 9 After Michaelmas he came for England for Instructions how to carry on the Affairs of Aquitan leaving Governors and Deputies in Guien and Poictou his Wife and her Sister Isabel who was afterward Married to Edmond his Brother Earl of Cambridge came with him And this Winter 1 Ibm. Two Armies to be sent into France were divers Councils holden about the Affairs of Aquitan and other Parts in France and how the War was to be maintained there next Summer at last it was resolved there should be Two Armies sent thither one into Guien and another by the way of Calais In the Spring 2 Rot. Vasc 46 E. III 〈…〉 Henry the Bastard of Castile assists the King of France with a Fleet. the Earl of Pembroke was made Lieutenant The Earl of Pembroke Lieutenant of Aquitan of Aquitan and was ordered to go by Poictou into Guien with a Fleet and Forces and to land at Rochell The King of France knowing what was designed in England sends to Henry the Bastard of Castile to assist him with a Fleet who sent one greater and far more powerful than that of England 3 Froysard c. 297 298 299. A. D. 1372. The English Navy destroyed The Earl of Pembroke taken Prisoner The Two Fleets met at the Entrance of the Bay of Rochell on the 22d of June where they fought two days most of the English Navy was destroyed or taken and the Earl made Prisoner The Rochellers saw all this but gave no assistance to the English tho demanded of them The Ship also was sunk in which the Treasure was for the payment of the Soldiers in Aquitan The Earl of Pembroke was sent Prisoner into Spain to Henry the Bastard who about 4 Walsingh y prodig Neustr f. 530. n. 10. He dies three years after sent him to Bertrand Guesclin for a Sum of Money he owed him The Sum of his Ransom was agreed on at Paris but coming for England to raise the Money being very weak he died before he reached Calais and the Constable of France lost the Price of his Redemption After this Fight at Sea and the Destruction of the English Fleet 5 Froysard c. 304. Rochell declares for the King of France Rochell declared for the King of France and all Rochelois In Poictou the Constable reduced many Towns and Forts and besieged 6 Ib. c. 305. Mezer. f. 392. The Town of Thovars forced to Capitulate The Terms granted unto them Thovars whither most part of the Lords and Chief Men of that Country were retired as to a Place of Security In a short time they were forced to Capitulate and Agree That they should put themselves their Lands and the City under the Obedience of the King of France unless upon their sending to the King of England he himself or one of his Sons came with an Army to relieve them by next Michaelmas-day The Messengers 7 Froysard as above King Edward resolved to go into France with an Army sent from Thovars informed the King Prince and Council of the Condition of Poictou and Xantonge and especially of that Place The King resolved to go over himself and was advised to take with him that Army which was to march into France by the way of Calais 8 Ibm. He summons the Noble and Military Men to pass with himself and Prince of Wales and besides he sent forth Summons for a very considerable number of the Military Men and many of the Nobility to be ready to pass the Sea with him and the Prince of Wales into Poictou On 9 Rot. Clause 46 Ed III. M. 12. Dors A. D. 1372. Prayers made for success Monday August 30. Orders having been given for Publick Prayers to be made in all Churches for good success upon the Voyage he took Ship with many of the chief Nobility and with 400 Vessels 1 Froysard as above The Voyage unhappy by reason of contrary Winds of all sorts sailed toward the Coast of France and Poictou but the Wind was always contrary so as he could
of the Dukedom without delay during the Truce all but 200 Men to guard the Towns and Places the Duke held there The Two Kings to have 9 Ibm. Commissioners at Bruges on the 15th of September next coming to Treat of Peace The residue of the Articles are of less moment These were confirmed by John King of Castile and Leon Duke of Lancaster with Protestation That the Title of King of France given to King Charles Adversary to his Father nor the Title of King of Castile given to Henry his Adversary might in no manner prejudice either of them or their Titles In Winter the 48th of Edward III. the 1 Rot. Fran. 48 Ed. III. M. 6. Earl of Cambridge and Duke of Bretagne were made the King's Lieutenants in France but went not till the next 2 Claus 49 Ed III. M 46. Spring for whose good Success Publick Prayers were appointed to be made In this Expedition 3 Froys cap. 313. there went with the Earl and Duke several Noblemen and Persons of Quality and in a short time he recovered many of his Towns in Bretagne and had laid siege to the Town of Campelly when Sir Nicholas Carswell and Sir Walter Vrswick were sent to him by the Duke of Lancaster to quit the Siege and give over that War as being included in the Truce made at Bruges On the 28th of December next following the Truce 4 Claus 49 Ed. III. M. 6. Dors Summons to Parlement Writs of Summons were sent forth for a Parlement to meet on the 12th of February Afterwards before it met by Writs Dated 5 Ibm. M 4. Dors the 20th of January the King thought fit to Prorogue it duximus prorogandum to the Monday after the Feast of St. George but it sate not till the next Day when the Prelates Dukes Earls Barons and other Great Men and Commons Justices Serjeants of the Law and others assembled in the Painted Chamber before the King 6 Rot. Parl. 50 Ed. III. n. 2. A quel Lendemain s'assemblerent les Prelates Ducs Contes Barons les autres Grantz Comunes Justices Sergeantz de Ley autres en la Chambre de Peynte And there Sir John Knivet declared the Causes of holding the Parlement which were three 1. The First and Principal was To advise about the Good Government The cause of Summons and Peace of the Realm of England 2. The Second For the Defence and Safety of the Kingdom as well by Sea as Land 3. The Third To take Order for the Maintenance of the War with France and otherwhere and how and in what manner it might be done for the best Profit quickest Dispatch and greatest Honour of the King and Kingdom And then told them expresly That what the King always had done was by their good Counsel Comfort and Assistance tout dys par lour bons Conseilx Confortes Aides for which the King The Lords advise by themselves and the Commons by themselves entirely thanked them and desired they would diligently advise about these Matters the Prelates and Lords by themselves and the Commons by their selves and give their Good Answer lour bone Responce as soon as they well could The Commons 7 Ibm. n. 8. A Committee of Lords assigned by Parlement to go to the Commons c. went to their ancient Place the Chapter-House of the Abbey of Westminster and the Prelates and Lords went by themselves and there were assigned in Parlement fuerent assignez in Parlement the Bishops of London Norwich Carlisle and St. Davids the Earls of March Warwick Stafford and Suffolk They agree about the Grant of a Subsidy the Lord Percy Sir Guy de Bryan Sir Henry Lescrop and Sir Richard de Stafford to go to the Commons and assist them in Treating and Conferring upon the things before declared They agreed upon the Grant of a Subsidy which begins as followeth Les Seigneurs Coes 8 Ib. n. 9. assemblez en cest present Parlement eantz consideration The Lords and Commons assembled in Parlement having Consideration of the very great Charges and Expences the King hath and must be at for the maintaining of his Wars his Noble Estate and otherwise granted him the Subsidy of Of Wooll c. Wooll Leather and Woollfells as it was granted him in the Parlement holden at Westminster in the 47th of his Reign from the Feast of St. Michael next coming when the Subsidy then granted ended to the end of three years and the Commons humbly pray the King to be excused That they gave him no other Subsidy or Ayd for his Wars for that they were brought so low and so disabled by the Pestilence the Murrain among their Beasts and destruction of their Grain and other Fruits that they could not do otherwise at present but promised if any extraordinary Case should happen they would Ayd him to the utmost of their Power as they had done before beyond all the Commons of the World to their Liege Lord. After this the Commons considering 9 Ib. n. 10. the Mischiefs of the Land do shew unto the King and Lords of Parlement That it would be for the Honour and Profit of the King and the whole Land which is grieved in divers manners by many Adversities as well by the Wars of France Spain Ireland Guyen Britain and other-where so that the Officers about the King without The Commons pray Ten or twelve Persons may be added to the King's Council c. other assistance were not sufficient for so great Busines wherefore they pray the King's Council may be inforced or augmented with Lords Prelates and others to the number of Ten or Twelve who should be continually with the King so as no great business should pass without their Assent and Advice nor small Matters without the Advice and Assent of Six or Four of them at least as the Case required The which Request the King understanding 1 Ibm. The King grants their Prayer upon Condition it was honourable and very profitable to him and the whole Realm granted provided always that the Chancellor Treasurer and Privy Seal and all other the King's Officers might execute their Offices without the presence of any the said Counsellors which the King was to assign from time to time of such as he pleased who were to be Sworn to keep this Ordinance and to do Right to every one according to their Power without receiving any Reward for so doing That none of 2 Ib. n. 11. The King's Officers not to receive Gifts c. the King's Officers should receive any Gifts Fees or Rewards other then their Salaries Liveries and Travelling Charges The Commons make Protestation 3 Ib. n. 15. The Commons ready to ayd the King with Body and Goods Complain of Evil Counsellors and Officers That they were and always have been and will be ready to Ayd the King with their Bodies and Goods to the utmost of their Power but they
broke down the Scholars Chambers and took and carried away Goods and Chattels to a great value a grant value Also That they compelled the Masters and Scholars under Pain of Death and Destruction of their Habitations to renounce all manner of Franchises and Privileges granted to them by any King whatsoever and submit to the Government of the Town for ever Also By threatning Death they caused the Masters and Scholars to enter into Bonds to pay them great Sums of Money and forced them to give a General Acquittance and Release of all Actions Real and Personal Also That by threatning Death they compelled the Masters and Scholars to deliver to them their Charters and Privileges which they burnt in the Market-Place contrary to the King's Proclamation and Prohibition The King issued his * Ib. n. 46 47. Writs To John Masterman the present Mayor who was then one of the * Ib. n. 48. Burgesses for the Town in this Parlement and Bayliffs and to Edward Lystere the late Mayor and Bayliffs when the Riot and Tumult was to appear in Parlement to acquit themselves if they could before him and his Council reciting in his Writs most what they had done in prejudice of the Chancellor Masters and Scholars of the Vniversity They appeared and were ordered to deliver up the Renunciation Bond and Release above-mentioned under the Vniversity Seals which were cancelled in Parlement and are entred upon the Roll. The Bill against them being then read in their presence in Parlement they were asked what they had to say why their Franchises and Privileges should not be taken into the King's Hands as forfeit at that time they were not charged with any Crime but as they were told were only to answer concerning their Franchise which they did by * Ib. n. 57. Counsel and denied the Matter of Fact and further said if any such things were done they were done by the Traitors and Malefactors of the Counties of Essex Hertfordshire and Kent which came to their Town in great numbers but it appearing they were always present at these Wicked Practices and that the Renunciation Bond and Releases of the Vniversity were in their keeping and that upon the King's Precept they would not deliver them it was thought evidence enough that they were guilty of the whole when they submitted themselves wholly to the King's Grace to do what he pleased with their Franchise some part whereof by advice and assent of the Some of their Franchises granted to the University Prelates and Lords the King gave to the Vniversity and the Residue he re-granted to the Town On the 13th of December because 4 Ib. n. 64. The Parlement adjourned Christmass was near and the time of the Queen's coming into England was also near and for that her Marriage and Coronution were to be solemnized le Parlement soit ajourne par nostre seigneur le Roy de lassent des Prelates c. the King adjourned the Parlement by the assent of the Prelates Lords and Commons unto the Friday next before the Conversion of St. Paul and did Will and Command That the All things by the King's Command to remain as they were until it met again Pleas Causes and other Matters moved in that Parlement and were undetermined and all other things with their dependences should remain as they were in the same condition until the Friday abovesaid At the meeting again 5 Ib. n. 66. The Duke of Lancaster's Proposals of going into Spain c. of the Parlement there was a great Dispute about a Voyage Monsieur Despainge the Duke of Lancaster offered to make into Portugal if the Kingdom would provide him 60000 l. to pay the Wages of 2000 Men at Arms and 2000 Archers for half a year The Pretences or Reasons for this Voyage were for the saving of such English as were then there that he might recover his Right he had there for the safe-guard of the Sea and the Realm of England si Dieux plest and if God pleased for the greater destruction of its Enemies Offering also to repay this Sum in Three years either in Money or acceptable Service Upon this Offer and Voyage the Lords had a long Debate some approved He obtained not what he desired his Reasons others not so as he obtained not what he desired Yet the 6 Ib. n. 67. Lords and Commons on the 25th of February considering the Necessities of the King and the multitude of his The King's Enemies many by Sea and Land Enemies by Sea and Land with the great Expences he must be at for the defence of the Kingdom and resistance of such Enemies granted on their Free-will to the King the Subsidy of Wooll Woollfells and Leather as he received it upon the last The Subsidy of Wooll c. granted for Four years Grant from that day until the Feast of St. John Baptist next coming and from thence for Four years Whether such Defence or Resistance should be by the Voyage of Monsieur de Lancaster into Spain or any other manner whatever with this express Protestation of the Commons That it was not their intention to be obliged by any Words to Quarrel Conquer or have War with The Commons protest against Quarrelling c. with Spain Spain particularly any way whatsoever but only for the Defence of the Kingdom and Resistance of its Enemies by the advice of the Lords as it should seem best to them to ordain par lavis des seigneurs del dit Roialme come meultz lour semblera a ordeiner Between the summons and meeting of the next Parlement * Walsingham f. 290. n. 20 30 c. The Great Seal taken from Richard le Scrop the Great Seal was taken from Richard le Scrop who had received it by approbation of Parlement because he would not pass some large Gifts of Estates which had escheated to the Crown to some Ambitious Knights and Esquires inferior Servants to the King and given to Robert Braybroke * Cl. 6 Ric. II. M. 24. Dors Which disquieted the Great Men. Bishop of London on the Vigil of St. Matthew the Apostle or 20th of September by which action the King much disquieted the Great Men and Community of the Kingdom In the Sixth of the King a 7 Rot. Parl. 6 Ric. II. n. 1 2. A Parlement The Cause of Summons the Defence of the Land and to provide Means to make it Parlement was summoned to meet on Monday Eight days after Michaelmas and was adjourned until Wednesday by the King's Command when the King and Lords met in the Painted Chamber before whom the Names of the Knights Citizens and Burgesses were called over The Bishop of London then Lord Chancellor amongst others declared the cause of Summons to be for the Defence of the Land against its Enemies and to provide Means to make it The Bishop of Hereford by the King's Order made a 8 N. 9 10. A further Declaration of
The Bishop of Norwich his 2d Offer Accepted by the King and his Council and approved by the Commons having had time to consider of his first Profer makes a second To serve the King one Year with 2500 Men at Arms and 2500 Archers well Arrayed and Mounted for the whole Fifteenth granted by the Laity of which Number 1000 Men at Arms and 1000 Archers should be ready to pass the Sea for the Relief of Gaunt and the Country of Flanders within 20 Days after the first Payment and that he would take upon him to pay the Charge of Shipping and other Charges 5 Ibm. This Profer was accepted by the King and his Council and much approved of by the Commons This Bishop some time before had received 6 Wâ—â—s f. 291. n. 30 40. The Bishop of Norwich had Bullsfrom Pope Urban for a Croysado against the Anti-Pope Clement Bulls from Pope Vrban for a Croysado and to sign all with the Cross that would go with him into France for the Destruction of the Anti-Pope who called himself Clement and to Sanctifie the War against all his Adherents which were the 7 Knighton col 2671. n. 20 30 c. The Ladies give their Jewels Necklaces Rings c. toward this Croysado French Scots Flemings and many other Nations By virtue of these Bulls he collected a great Sum of Money besides Jewels Necklaces Rings Dishes Spoons and other Silver Implements especially of Ladies and other Women And many gave 8 Ibm. to be pardoned and absolved from their Sins beyond their Ability as it was believed to obtain the Benefit of Absolution and Pardon for their Sins For otherwise they were not absolved unless they contributed according to their Ability Many found Men at Arms others Archers and many went in their own Persons The Form of Absolution was this By Apostolic Authority to me committed 9 Append. â— 105. The Form of the Absolution I do Absolve thee A. B. from all thy Sins which thou dost with a contrite Heart confess or would confess if thou didst remember them and give thee a Full Remission of them the Retribution of the Just and do promise the Increase or Addition of eternal Salvation And I Grant to thee the same Privileges that are Granted to such as go to the Defence of the Holy Land and do impart to thee the Benefit of the Prayers and Suffrages of the Holy Catholic Church To publish this Croysado and to absolve according to this Form there were a sufficient number of Preachers sent beyond Sea and all England over besides all the Mendicant Friers to stir up the People to contribute with a Clerc to take the Names and receive Money of the Contributors not omitting Labourers Knighton Col. 2673. Toward the latter end of 1 Wals f. 298. n. 30 40. The Bishop passeth beyond Sea with his Army May the Bishop passed the Sea with his Army staid a few Days at Calais besieged Graveling and took it by Assault Dunkirk yielded without much trouble where some Flemings joining with the French and Britans to the number of 30000 came toward the Town 2 Ibm. f. 301. lin 11. Knight ut supra n. 50 60. His great Success He besieged Ypre against whom the Bishop tho' but with a small Number in respect of theirs marched out of Dunkirk and gave them Battel taking many and killing 3000 Walsingham says 12000. Afterwards he took in Cassal Dixmude Burburgh Fern Newport and Popering Then he besieged the 3 Knight ib. His Army left the Siege and revolted from him Town of Ypre a long time assaulted it often and was always repulsed and beaten off and at length without his Knowledge the Army left the Siege and Revolted from him The Battering Engines were all left behind with one great Gun called Canterbury-Gun 4 Ibm. col 2672. lin 3. cum una magna Gunna vocata Gunna Cantuariensis The Bishop followed his Army and went to Dunkirk with Sir Hugh Caverse and part of it and from thence to Gravelin Sir Thomas Trivet Sir William Elingham and others went to Burburgh with other part of the Army and fortified it 5 Ibm. n. 10 20 30. The King of France takes Burburgh The King of France comes suddenly upon them with a great Army besieged the Town assaults it and was beaten off with loss Yet within few Days they treated and yielded the Town to the King of France upon Condition to march away with Horse and Arms and all their Goods and so they did to Calais After 6 Wals f. 304. n. 50. f. 305. n. 10 20 30. and Gravelin Burburgh was taken the French Army marched before Graveling and summoned the Bishop to yield the Town The French offered him 15000 Marks to quit the Town with liberty to demolish it and to depart and go whither he would and all with him with all their Goods He desired Time to consider of the Terms and appointed a Day to give his Answer and in the meant time sent to England for Relief which not coming at or before that Day he accepted the Terms levelled the Town to the ground and came for England after Michaelmas And thus ended the Croysado or the Pontifical War Before the Return of the Bishop of Norwich Writs Dated the 20th of August had been 7 Claus 7 Ric. II. M. 37. Dors A. D. 1384. A Parlement called The Reasons of calling it given in the Writ of Summons sent forth for a Parlement to meet on Monday before All-Saints In which Writs notice was given That by Advice and Assent of the Council the Parlement was called for their Mediation and Assistance in a Treaty of Peace to be had then between the King his Kingdom Dominions and Subjects on the one part and Robert King of Scotland his Lands Dominions and Subjects on the other part and for other Difficult and Urgent Business which concerned him the State and Defence of the Kingdom and Church of England Sir Michael de laPole then Chancellor 8 Rot. Parl. 2 Ric. II n. 3. The same and other Causes of Summons declared by the Chancellor shewed the Causes of Parlement to be for that the Truce with the Scots was to end at Candlemas next and whereas the Duke of Lancaster had been sent to renew it he was returned and brought back That the Scots would send Commissioners to London to manage the Treaty about it Another Cause was 9 Ib. n. 4 5 to provide against Three Powerful Enemies Spain France and lately Flanders And here he offered several Reasons to prove it was better for us to begin and make War upon them than they upon us or suffer them to invade us Further shewing That these Wars were not to be imputed to the King seeing that with the Crown they descended to him And the last Cause was 1 Ib. n. 6. for the Maintenance of good Laws and Security of the Peace when he put them in mind of
the beginning of December the King was at Reding 1 Ib. n. 40. He reconciles the King and Great Men. where he called a great Council The Duke of Lancaster being there reconciled the Mind of the King to the Great Men and their Minds to him and so as they seemed after the Dissolution of the Council to depart satisfied The King while he was at Reding issued his 2 Rot. Clause 13 Ric. II. M. 5. Dors A. D. 1390. A Parlement called The King declared to be of Age. Writs on the 6th of December for a Parlement to meet at Westminster on the Monday next after the Feast of St. Hillary William of Wickham Bishop of Winchester was then Chancellor who by the King's Command in opening the Cause of Summons before all the Estates declared the 3 Rot. Parl. 13 Rich. II. n. 1. And takes upon him the Government King of full Age and that he intended to Govern his People in Peace and Quiet and to do Justice and Right to all Men and that as well the Clergie as Layty should enjoy all their Liberties On the 20th of 4 Ib. n. 6 7. The Chancellor and Treasurer quit their Places as also all Privy-Counsellors January and Fourth day of the Parlement the Bishop of Winchester delivered the Seal to the King and the Bishop of St. David's being Treasurer delivered the Keys of the Exchequer to the King and all the Lords of the Council prayed the King to be discharged and that others might be put in their Places When they were discharged they required openly in Parlement That if any Person could he would Complain of any thing ill done by them both Lords and Commons affirmed all things well done Whereupon the King delivered the Seal again to the Bishop of Winchester and the Keys of the Exchequer to the Bishop of The King receives them again into their Places and the Privy-Council St. Davids and received those to be his Counsellors that were so before together with his Vncles of Lancaster and Glocester and made Protestation That for any thing then done he would at Pleasure retain or put out of their Offices those Counsellors In this Parlement 5 Ibm. n. 21 22. John Duke of Lancaster made Duke of Aquitan John Duke of Lancaster was made Duke of Aquitan by the King with Consent of the Prelates Lords Temporal and Commons to hold the Dukedom of the King as of the King of France saving only to him as to the King of France the Direct Dominion Superiority and Resort of the same Dutchy He there did Homage to the King and Humbly and Heartily Thanked him for it and the Honour he did him and declared That tho' he could not maintain the State of the Dukedom in time of War without the Ayd of the King and Realm yet he would do what he could to the utmost The King told him the Charges should be born as between the Duke and his Council should be agreed To which the Commons affented The King by assent of 6 Ib. n. 23. Edward Son to the Duke of York made Earl of Rutland The Two Arch-Bishops and Parlement created Edward the Eldest Son of the Duke of York Earl of Rutland and gave to him during the Life of his Father 800 Marks issuing out of the Castle Town and Dominion of Okeham in that Shire and the Office of Sheriff The Arch-Bishops of Canterbury and York for themselves and whole Clergy of their Provinces made their Protestation in open Parlement 7 Ib. n. 24. Clergy's Protestation not to assent to any Law made against the Pope they intended not nor would assent to any Statute or Law to be made against the Pope's Authority which at their Request was entered upon the Roll. In the 8 Rot. Parl. 14 Ric. II. n. 1. A. D. 1391. Parlement on the Morrow of St. Martin or 12th of November in the Fourteenth of this King the Bishop of Winchester Chancellor declaring the Cause of Summons took notice of the Truce with France and that about Candlemass the King would send to make a final Peace The Duke of 9 Ib. n. 12. The Dukes of York and Glocester desire 1000 l. a year to be settled on each of them York and Glocester desire the King's Assistance of a Thousand Pounds a year to each according to his Promise in Tale special He ordered the Justices to draw such Assurance and commanded they might be readily paid And it is to be remembred 1 Ib. n. 15. The Prelates Lords and Commons pray That if any thing had been done against his Prerogative it might be redressed Fait a Remember c. That the Prelates Lords Temporal and Commons prayed the King in full Parlement That the Royalty and Prerogative of him and his Crown might always be safe and preserved and that if any thing had been done or attempted contrary to them it might be Redressed and Amended and further That he should be as Free in his time as any of his Noble Progenitors Kings of England were in their times Which prayer seemed Honest and Reasonable to the King and therefore granted it in all points The Judgment against 2 Ib. n. 36. The Judgment against John of Northampton repealed John of Northampton late Major of London Repealed upon the Petition of the Commons and Oath made by the then Major and all the Aldermen of London That he was not guilty of the Treasons c. for which he was condemned These things done the Lords and Commons 3 Ib. n. 37. The â—ords and Commons Thank the King for his Good Government c. gave humble Thanks to the King for his good Government and his Zeal shewn to them and he gave them Thanks for the Grants to him made In the Parlement holden on the 2d of November in the 15th of King Richard the 4 Ibm. 15 Ric. II. n. 15. A. D. 1392. The Duke of Lancaster sent into France to Treat of Peace Commons propound to the King Monsieur de Guyen that is the Duke of Lancaster to go Treat with his Adversary of France about a Peace and it was granted The Commons Petition the King That no Native or 5 Ib. n. 39. The Commons Petition Villans may not purchase Land in sec nor send their Sons to School The King's Answer Villan of Bishops Abbats or other Religious Persons might purchase Lands in Fee and That no Villan might put his Son to School whereby he might obtain Learning and this for the maintenance and safety of the Honour of all the Freemen of England To this it was Answered Le Roy sad visera The King will Advise which was a Denial The Knights of Shires 6 Ib. n. 51. The Knights of Shires Petition Villans may not have the Privilege of Cities and Burghs The King's Answer Petition the King and Lords That such Lords whose Villans went from them into Cities and Burghs where they lived as Freemen
Nine Months in Chusing a Pope Fol. 78 C Carlisle Tho. Merks Bishop his Speech in behalf of Richard II. Fol. 438 D Cary Sir John impeached his Answer and Excuse Fol. 386 A E Sentence against him Fol. 387 A His Life spared Fol. 388 A He is banished into Ireland Fol. 389 C Cavendish Sir John Lord Chief Justice Beheaded by Rebels Fol. 348 D Caverly Hugh Governour of Calais Fol. 333 F His Success against the French by Sea Fol. Ib. 339 C Chandois Sir John Governour of King Edward III.'s Dominions in France Fol. 281 B Is made Constable of Aquitain Fol. 282 F Charles Crowned King of France Fol. 283 B His Declaration of War against England and on what account Fol. 285 D He sends out Preachers to justifie his Cause Fol. 289 A His great Preparation both by Sea and Land Fol. 294 A His Policy in marching his Army Fol. 295 D E His Death Fol. 341 E Charles his Son succeeds Fol. Ib. He prepares a great Fleet to invade England Fol. 363 A Charter of the Forest and the Great Charter with some Articles added confirmed Fol. 59 D 67 E F 72 F To be published four times in the Year by the Sheriffs Fol. 59 D Three Knights chosen to see them performed Fol. 69 A Of London its Interpretation belongs to the King and Council Fol. 334 C Church-Affairs in the Reign of Edward I. Fol. 93 c. In the Reign of Edward II. Fol. 165 c. In the Reign of Edward III. Fol. 308 c. In the Reign of Richard II. Fol. 445 c. Clergy deny King Edward I. a Subsidy Fol. 40 E He shuts up their Barns and Granaries Fol. Ib. F Their Reasons for not granting an Aid Fol. 44 A Their Lay-Fees seized and are put out of the King's Protection Fol. 45 A B Those of York and many others comply and are received Fol. Ib. E F What they payed for the King's Protection Fol. 49 B Are forbidden to Ordain any thing in their Synods against the King or his Affairs Fol. 50 C Are imprisoned for publishing the Pope's Bull and on what Terms released Fol. 51 A Would not grant an Aid without the Pope's Licence Fol. 73 A They write to the Pope about their Oppressions Fol. 90 A Such as oppressed them declared Excommunicate Fol. 211 D They refuse to be Taxed by the Commons Fol. 344 C They protest against any Law to be made against the Pope's Authority Fol. 392 E Cobham Sir John impeached Fol. 412 C Judgment given against him pardoned Fol. 413 A Colepepper Tho. Executed Fol. 134 B Commissioners sent from England to the Scots Parlement Fol. 359 F Appointed by King Richard II. to govern the Kingdom Fol. 366 F Their Names and Power Fol. 367 A Declared Traiterous and void by the Judges c. Fol. 368 A Their Names that were appointed to Depose King Richard Fol. 431 D Commission See Statute Committee of Lords and Commons how chosen Fol. 338 A Common People refuse to pay an Ayd given by Parlement to Edward II. Fol. 120 F Their Complaints and Petition in Parlement to Edward III. Fol. 239 Commons in Parlement assembled grant an Ayd upon Conditions Fol. 245 250 Their Petition against Churchmen being made great Officers Fol. 291 E Their Complaint against Evil Councellors and ill Management of the King's Revenue Fol. 300 301 They Impeach several for Mismanagement Fol. Ib. Their Petition about Justices of the Peace and for Allowance of Wages Fol. 302 D Their Petition to remove Foreigners Fol. 305 F They desire a Committee of Lords for their Assistance Fol. 327 B Their Petition about the Government of the Realm Fol. 328 D c. The Answer they received Fol. 329 A c. They pray that Great Officers may be chosen in Parlement during King Richard II's Minority Fol. 332 B Their Complaint against Villans Fol. Ib. F They Petition for a Parlement to be held every year Fol. 333 A Their Reasons against granting an Ayd Fol. 336 A They require to know how Money granted was Expended Fol. 337 A The Answer they received by Richard le Scroope Fol. Ib. Their Proposals to Excuse an Ayd Fol. 338 C They grant a Tax of Three Groats on every Person Fol. 344 D Their Complaint of ill Government Fol. 351 E Their Petition for Three sorts of Pardons Fol. 352 E They refuse to grant any Tallage Fol. 353 D They Protest against a Breach with Spain Fol. 355 D They Petition for a yearly Review of the King's Houshold Fol. 364 A They Swear to stand by the Lords Appellants Fol. 371 F They confirm the Statute and Commission and their Proceedings Fol. 389 F They would not have what was done made a President Fol. 390 B They Assert King Richard's Prerogative and Thank him for his good Government Fol. 395 A B They Petition that Villans may not have the Privilege of Cities and Burghs Fol. Ib. E The Three Points they thought too high for their Advice Fol. 394 D They frame Articles against the King's Royalty Fol. 395 F Their Excuse and Submission for the same Fol. 396 B They declare void the Statute and Commission Fol. 397 B Their Petition to the King in behalf of several Lords Fol. 398 F They Petition in behalf of such as came along with Henry the IVth into England Fol. 451 F Competitors for the Crown of Scotland Fol. 21 A 23 F Comyn John Pardoned by King Edward I. Fol. 82 F Is Murdered by the Scots Fol. 84 B His Murderers Excommunicated Fol. 85 E Cressy's great Battle Fol. 237 B D. DAgworth Tho. his Victory in Bretagne Fol. 241 D Is slain Fol. 247 E Darby Henry Earl of sent with an Army into Gascony by King Edward III. with his Success Fol. 235 E His great Victories there Fol. 240 D E Is one of the Lords Appellants Fol. 371 C Dardain James the Pope's Collector and Nuncio in England his Oath to King Richard II. Fol. 448 A David Brother to the Prince of Wales Judicially Condemned and Executed Fol. 11 A King of Scotland overthrown and taken Prisoner Fol. 240 F He is sent to the Tower at London Fol. 241 A Is released of his Imprisonment and on what Conditions Fol. 259 A He returns into Scotland and punished Deserters Fol. 260 E He declares Robert Steward his Successor Fol. 261 A Despencer See Spencers Dynet William accused for being a Wyclivite Fol. 463 F His Oath of Abjuration Fol. 464 A E. EDward I. beyond Sea when his Father died Fol. 1 C The Nobility Swear Fealty to him when absent Fol. 1b He doth Homage to the French for Aquitain Fol. 2 F He received the Homage and Service of his Vassals there Fol. 3 A His Return into England and Coronation and Inquiry into the Rights of the Crown Fol. 1b C D Is Summoned into France and sends his Excuse Fol. 1b E He Prorogues his first Parlement before their Meeting Fol. 4 A Excellent Laws made in his first Parlement Fol. 1b E c. His
claim the Crown of France Fol. 198 E F The Alliances he made in order to it Fol. 199 He appoints Commissioners to Treat of his Right Fol. 200 B He Constitutes the Duke of Lorrain Vice-Roy of France Fol. 1b C He is made Vicar-general of the Empire Fol. 201 D His Title to the Crown of France Fol. 1b F He enters the French Dominions Fol. 202 C He acquaints his Parlement with it and demands an Ayd Fol. 203 A His Debt to his Allies Fol. 204 C An Ayd granted to clear it and the Commons Request to him Fol. 1b D E His great Victory over the French Fleet Fol. 205 C His Letter to his Parlement for more Money which was granted Fol. 206 A E He Besieged Tournay and Challenged Philip of Valois Fol. 207 A B He concludes a Truce Fol. 208 B C At his return into England he sent several of his Council to Prison Fol. 209 E He is reproved by the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury Fol. 210 D His Letter concerning the Arch-Bishop and his Crimes Fol. 212 E His Letter answered and called a Libel by the Arch-Bishop Fol. 215 B His Reply to the Arch-Bishop's Defence Fol. 218 B He presses for further Supplies Fol. 219 D His Answer to the Statutes and Conditions Fol. 220 A His Revocation of them confirmed in Parlement Fol. 222 C He refused the Emperor's Mediation for a Peace Fol. 223 E F He received the Homage of John Earl of Montfort for the Dukedom of Bretagne Fol. 224 E He Married his Daughter to the Duke's Son Fol. 225 E He enters Bretagne with an Army Fol. 226 A He agrees to a Truce with France for 3 years Fol. Ib. D He acquaints his Parlement with it and their Agreement to it Fol. 227 228 He appoints Commissioners to Treat of Peace without effect Fol. 229 A His Parlement prays an end of the War and grant an Ayd Fol. 231 E He again sent Defiance to Philip of Valois Fol. 232 C He Complains to the Pope against him and the Pope's Answer Fol. Ib. E F 233 C The Success of his Arms in Gascoigny Fol. 235 E He and his Son Prince Edward land in Normandy Fol. 236 A His great Successes there Fol. Ib. B c. His Victory over the French at Cressy and the Number slain Fol. 237 B c. His Answer to the Commons Petition in Parlement Fol. 240 A He beats the French Army and takes Calais Fol. 242 C D His Vsage of the Calesians Fol. Ib. E 243 A He agrees to a Truce Fol. 243 B The Number of his Army and their Pay Fol. Ib. C He refused the Offer of the Empire Fol. 255 F He prevents the betraying of Calais Fol. 246 D His Vsage of the French Prisoners Fol. Ib. E He Institutes the Order of the Garter Fol. 247 His Title to France set forth in Parlement Fol. 248 E He offered Terms of Peace to the French Fol. 252 His readiness to Remedy his Subject's Grievances Fol. 250 251 His Agreement to Peace refused by the French Fol. 253 A B 261 D His Expedition into France Fol. 254 F His Army wast and destroy the French Country Fol. 262 A He concludes a Peace with France Fol. Ib. C D The Articles of the Peace Fol. 263 c. He sent his Commissioners to take possession of what was granted him by the Peace Fol. 278 F Some French Lords refuse to become his Subjects but are forced to it Fol. 281 His Kindness to the French Hostages Fol. 283 A He assumed the Title of King of France by the Advice of his Parlement Fol. 287 E His Offer to such as would Maintain his Title Fol. 288 B His Letter of Indemnity sent into Aquitain Fol. Ib. D His Voyage into France unfortunate Fol. 293 A B He sent Assistance to his Son Prince Edward Fol. 289 C His Answer to the Commons Petition Fol. 292 A His Fleet beaten nigh Rochell Fol. Ib. D His Town in Aquitain Revolt Fol. 297 D He agreed to a Truce with the French King Fol. 298 A His Answer to the Commons and Londoners Petitions Fol. 302 303 305 306 His Death Fol. 308 B His Issue by Queen Phillippa Fol. 323 Prince Edward Eldest Son to Edward III. made Guardian of England Fol. 204 F His great Victory over the French at Cressy Fol. 237 C He prevents the betraying of Calais Fol. 246 C His Expedition into France and his Success Fol. 255 E His Victory over the French at Poicters Fol. 257 His Civilities to King John and his Son Philip Fol. 258 A He is made Prince of Aquitain Fol. 282 E He ayds the King of Castile and restores him Fol. 284 C His Illness and return to Aquitain Fol. Ib. D His Necessities for want of Money Fol. 285 A The Complaint of the French Nobility against him Fol. Ib. B His Answer to the French King's Summons Fol. Ib. D He taketh Limoges by Storm Fol. 290 A He returns ill into England Fol. Ib. B His Death Fol. 302 C Ellys William impeached for Extortion Fol. 302 B England's Superiority over Scotland Fol. 35 B How to be divided if Conquered by France Fol. 238 F English Women imitate the French in their Apparel Fol. 246 A F. FItz-Alan Richard Earl of Arundel Admiral of the English Fleet Fol. 367 D He takes above 100 of the Enemies Ships Fol. Ib. E Is one of the Appellant Lords Fol. 371 C Flint Castle when and by whom built Fol. 7 A French King's Charge against King Edward I. Fol. 38 D He seized on Gascony Fol. Ib. F He provides to invade England Fol. 39 D Fulthorpe Sir Roger impeached and his Answer Fol. 386 A E Sentence against him Fol. 387 A His Life spared Fol. 388 A G. GArter See Order Gascony restored to King Edward I. Fol. 77 C Gaston Vicount Bearn refused his Homage to Edward I. Fol. 3 A Gaveston Piers his Familiarity with Prince Edward Fol. 91 F Is banished by the King Fol. 92 A His return into England and is made Earl of Cornwal and Lieutenant of the Kingdom Fol. 100 D E His Destent and Marriage with the King's Neece Fol. 101 B Is made Lieutenant of Ireland Fol. Ib. E The Nobility contrive to destroy him Fol. Ib. F He fled out of the Kingdom and is recalled Fol. 112 D He yields himself to the Lords Fol. 115 D He is Executed without Judgment Fol. 116 A Gloucester Thomas Duke with other Lords march with great Forces towards London Fol. 368 A Their Letter to the Mayor and Sheriffs Fol. Ib. B C Their Approach to the King with the manner of their Address and Reception Fol. 369 A B C They are excused by Proclamation yet march on towards London Fol. Ib. F The Keys of the City-Gates delivered to them Fol. 370 A They go to the King and obtain what they asked Fol. Ib. B C He offers to purge himself and is declared Guiltless Fol. 371 A His desire to have 1000 l. per Ann. settled on him by the King Fol. 392 F
residui ad 2 d. per diem Wallenses pedites 4474.  Magistri Constabularii Marinarii Pagetti 700.  Navium bargearum balingearum vitellariarum 16000.  Summa totalis hominum predictorum praeter Dominos 31294. Summa totalis vadiorum guerrae cum vadiis Marinariorum a 4 to die Junii Anno 20 mo dicti Regis Edwardi 3 tii usque 12 m. diem Octobris Anno 21 mo ejusdem Regis per unum Annum et 131. dies Ut patet in libro de particulis Computi Walteri Wetewange tunc Thesaurarii Hospitii Titulo totale vadiorum guerrae in partibus Normaniae Franciae et coram Cales l. 127201 -- s. 02 -- d. 9 -- 06. And that at Present we may know how the King in these Times was served in his Wars by his Noble Men and others I have transcribed the following Instances Domino Edwardo Principi Walliae existenti in obsequio Dom Regis in partibus Normanniae Franciae et coram Cales cum retentione suâ pro vadiis guerre ad 20 s. undecem Baneretti quolibet capiente per diem 4 s 102 milites quolibet ad 2 s. 264 Scutiferi quolibet ad 12 d. 384 Sagittarii equites quolibet ad 6 d. 69 Sagittarii pedites quolibet ad 3 d. 513 Wallenses quorum unus Capellanus ad 6 d. unus medicus unus Proclamator 5 Standardarii et 25 Vintenarii quolibet ad 4 d. et 480 pedites quolibet ad 2 d. per diem Domino Henrico Comiti Lancastriae existente coram Cales in obsequio Regis cum retentione suâ pro vadiis suis guerrae et unius Comitis utroque ad 6 s. 8 d. 11. Baneretti quolibet ad 4 s. 193. milites quolibet ad 2 s. 512. Scutiferi quolibet ad 12 d. 46 homines ad arma equites 612 sagittarii equites quolibet ad 6 d. per diem Domino Wilhelmo de Bohonn Comiti Northampt. existenti in obsequio Regis in partibus Normanniae Franciae coram Cales 2 Baneretti 46 Milites 112 Scutiferi 141 Sagittarii equites ad vadia ut supra Domino Thomae de Hatfeld Episcopo Dunolmensi ad 6 s. 8 d. per diem 3 Baneretti 48 Milites 164 Scutiferi 81 Sagittarii equites quolibet capiente ut supra Domino Radulpho Baroni de Stafford existenti in obsequio Barones cum eorum retentione Regis in partibus praedictis cum 2 Banerettis 20 Militibus 92. Scutiferis 90 Sagittarii Equites quolibet capiente ut supra Domino Wilhelmo de Wareyne Militi aliis 95 Milites Milites cum eorum retentione 313 Scutiferi 394 Sagittarii Hobelarii Pauncenarii Equites 46 Sagittarii pedites de eorum retinentia quolibet capiente ut supra The Retinue of King Edward the third in his Army in Normandy France and before Calais in the 20th Year of his Reign The Prince by the Day 20 s. The Bishop of Durham 6 s. 8 d. Thirteen Earls each by the Day 6 s. 8 d. Fourty four Barons and Baneretts Each by the Day 4 s. One Thousand fourty six Knights Each by the Day 2 s. Esquires * Constables Captains and †Constables were Officers and Commanders Leaders 4022. each by the Day 1 s. Vintenars that had the command of 20 Men or as our Serjeants and Archers on horseback 5104. each by the Day 6 d. Pauncenars they were most strangers but what otherwise I know not 355. by the Day each 6 d. Hobelars 500. by the Day each 6 d. Archers on foot 15480. by the Day each 3 d. Masons Carpenters Smiths Engineers Tent-makers Miners The English had five peices of Cannon at the Battel of Cressy Mezeray f. 369. Gunners armed and those that had the Care of the Artillery 314. some at a Shilling others at 10 d. 6 d. and 3 d. by the Day Welshmen foot 4474. whereof 200 Vintenars each by the Day 4 d. the Residue each by the Day 2 d. The whole Number of the Men of the Army was besides the Lords 31294. Masters Captains Mariners and Boys for 700 Ships Barges Balingers and Victuallers 16000. The Summ Total of the War with the Wages of the Mariners from the 4th of June in the 20th Year of Edward the third to the 12th of October in the 21st Year of his Reign one Year and a Hundred 31 Days 127101 l. 2 s. 9 d. ob as it appears in the Book of particulars of the Account of Walter Wetewange then Treasurer of the Houshold Under the Title of the Total of the Wages of the War in Normandy France and before Calais The following Instances makes this Service more plain To Edward Prince of Wales being in the Kings service in Normandy In eodem Rotulo France and before Calais with his Retinue for his Wages of War 20 s. a Day Eleven Banerets every one taking 4 s. a Day 102 Knights each 2 s. a Day 264 Escuires each 12 d. a day 384 Archers on horseback each 6 d. a Day 69 foot Archers each 3 d. a Day 513 Welshmen whereof one Chaplain at 6 d. a Day One Physician one Herald or Cryer 5 Ensignes 25 Serjeants or Officers over 20 Men each 4 d. a Day 480 footmen each 2 d. a Day To Henry Earle of Lancaster being in the Kings service before Earls and their Retinue Calais with his Retinue for his wages of War and one other Earle each 6. s. 8. d. a Day Eleven Banerets each 4. s. a Day 193 Knights each 2. s. a Day 512 Escuires each 12 d. a Day 46 Men at Armes and 612 Archers on Horseback each 6 d. a Day To William Bohun Earle of Northampton being in the Kings service in Normandy France and before Calais 2 Banerets 46 Knights 112 Escuires 141 Archers on Horseback For their Wages as above To Thomas Hatfield Bishop of Durham 6 s. 8 d. a Day 3 Banerets The Bishop of Durham and his Retinue 48 Knights 164 Escuires 81 Archers on Horseback every one taking as above To Ralph Baron of Stafford being in the Kings service in the Barons with their Retinue places aforesaid with 2 Banerets 20 Knights 92 Escuires 90 Archers on Horseback Every one taking as above To William de Wareyne Knight and other 95 Knights 313 Knights with their Retinue Escuires 394 Archers Hobelars or Light-horsemen Pauncenars on horseback and 46 foot Archers of their Retinue every one taking as above The Chiefs of the Forreigners and Strangers that were in the Kings service were commonly paid in Grosse So many Thousand or Hundred Pounds for their own Wages and their Mens Pro vadiis suis hominum eorum According to their own Quality and the Numbers and Quality of those they brought with them N. 93. Look for this Number and Number 94 95. and 96. in the History and a Paragraph or two before this Number and there are Directions where to find the originals Litera super correctione Articulorum UNiversis praesentes Literas inspecturis Frater Androynus miseratione Divinâ humilis