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who_o he_o have_v wound_v knock_v that_o prince_n on_o the_o head_n with_o a_o stone_n antigonus_n thus_o be_v defeat_v of_o his_o enemy_n re-enter_v macedonia_n who_o after_o some_o change_n and_o revolution_n be_v at_o peace_n with_o his_o family_n the_o confederacy_n of_o the_o achaian_n keep_v he_o from_o grow_v great_a it_o be_v the_o last_o rampire_n of_o the_o grecian_a liberty_n and_o it_o be_v that_o which_o produce_v the_o last_o hero_n of_o it_o with_o aratus_n and_o philopoemen_n the_o tarentines_n who_o pyrrhus_n feed_v with_o hope_n call_v in_o the_o carthaginian_n after_o his_o death_n but_o that_o succour_n do_v they_o very_o little_a good_a for_o they_o be_v beat_v with_o the_o brutian_o and_o the_o samnite_n their_o ally_n these_o after_o seventy_o and_o two_o year_n continual_a war_n be_v force_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o roman_a yoke_n tarentum_n follow_v at_o the_o heel_n and_o the_o neighbour_a people_n can_v not_o hold_v out_o and_o so_o all_o the_o ancient_a people_n of_o italy_n be_v subjugate_v the_o gaul_n often_o beat_v dare_v not_o stir_v 2.1_o polyb._n lib._n 1_o 2.1_o and_o after_o 480_o year_n warring_n the_o roman_n see_v themselves_o master_n of_o italy_n and_o begin_v to_o consider_v the_o affair_n abroad_o they_o be_v not_o a_o little_a jealous_a of_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o be_v grow_v very_o powerful_a in_o their_o neighbourhood_n by_o the_o conquest_n they_o have_v make_v in_o sicily_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v come_v to_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o italy_n in_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o tarentines_n the_o republic_n of_o carthage_n have_v two_o side_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n beside_o that_o of_o africa_n which_o she_o almost_o entire_o possess_v she_o extend_v herself_o towards_o spain_n by_o the_o strait_n be_v thus_o mistress_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o of_o commerce_n she_o have_v invade_v the_o isle_n of_o corsa_n and_o sardinia_n sicily_n can_v scarce_o defend_v itself_o and_o italy_n be_v too_o near_o threaten_v not_o to_o be_v concern_v with_o some_o apprehension_n from_o thence_o proceed_v the_o punic_a war_n notwithstanding_o the_o treaty_n year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 264_o which_o be_v ill_o observe_v on_o both_o side_n year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 490_o the_o first_o teach_v the_o roman_n to_o fight_v at_o sea_n and_o they_o be_v present_o master_n of_o a_o art_n which_o before_o they_o know_v little_a or_o nothing_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 260_o of_o and_o the_o consul_n duilius_n who_o be_v the_o year_n of_o rome_n 494_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 259_o first_o that_o give_v battle_n at_o sea_n gain_v it_o regulus_n year_n of_o rome_n 495_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 256_o get_v the_o like_a reputation_n and_o land_v in_o year_n of_o rome_n 498_o africa_n where_o he_o be_v force_v to_o fight_v with_o that_o prodigious_a serpent_n which_o oblige_v he_o to_o employ_v all_o his_o army_n against_o it_o but_o every_o thing_n yield_v and_o carthage_n be_v reduce_v year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 255_o to_o her_o last_o extremity_n do_v just_o make_v a_o shift_n year_n of_o rome_n 499_o to_o save_v herself_o by_o the_o assistance_n and_o seasonable_a relief_n of_o xantippus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a the_o roman_a general_n be_v beat_v and_o take_v but_o his_o prison_n render_v he_o more_o great_a and_o illustrious_a than_o his_o victory_n for_o be_v upon_o his_o parole_n send_v back_o to_o treat_v about_o the_o exchange_n of_o prisoner_n he_o tell_v the_o senate_n the_o condition_n which_o be_v all_o hope_n and_o grace_n to_o they_o that_o will_v voluntary_o surrender_v themselves_o and_o so_o return_v to_o a_o most_o certain_a death_n two_o dreadful_a shipwreck_n force_v the_o roman_n to_o leave_v their_o new_a empire_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o the_o victory_n hang_v a_o long_a while_n in_o dubious_a suspense_n between_o the_o two_o people_n and_o the_o roman_n be_v just_a upon_o the_o point_n of_o yield_v year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 241_o but_o they_o repair_v their_o fleet_n and_o one_o single_a year_n of_o rome_n 513_o battle_n decide_v the_o business_n and_o the_o consul_n lutatius_n conclude_v the_o war._n carthage_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v tribute_n and_o to_o quit_v with_o sicily_n all_o the_o isle_n that_o be_v between_o sicily_n and_o italy_n the_o roman_n get_v that_o island_n entire_o save_v only_o what_o hieron_n king_n of_o syracuse_n their_o ally_n keep_v of_o it_o after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v the_o carthaginian_n think_v now_o only_o of_o destruction_n by_o the_o rise_n of_o their_o army_n they_o have_v according_a to_o their_o custom_n make_v it_o up_o of_o stranger_n who_o revolt_v to_o they_o for_o their_o pay_n 1._o polyb._n lib_n i._o c._n 62.63_o lib._n two_o â—_o 1._o their_o cruel_a and_o severe_a government_n force_v they_o to_o join_v to_o those_o mutinous_a troop_n almost_o all_o the_o city_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o carthage_n be_v close_o besiege_v have_v utter_o be_v lose_v if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v for_o hamilcar_n surname_v barcas_fw-la he_o alone_o maintain_v the_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 238_o last_o war_n and_o the_o citizen_n be_v indebt_v year_n of_o rome_n 516_o to_o he_o for_o the_o victory_n â—3_n poly._n lib._n i._n 79._o â—3_n â—3_n which_o they_o get_v over_o the_o rebel_n but_o it_o cost_v they_o sarainia_n which_o the_o revolt_n of_o their_o garrison_n open_v to_o the_o roman_n and_o for_o fear_n of_o engage_v with_o they_o in_o a_o new_a war_n carthage_n be_v force_v to_o surrender_v up_o that_o island_n which_o be_v of_o such_o importance_n and_o also_o to_o enlarge_v her_o tribute_n she_o design_v in_o spain_n to_o re-establish_a her_o empire_n which_o have_v be_v so_o much_o shake_v by_o this_o revolt_n hamilcar_n go_v
into_o that_o province_n with_o his_o son_n hannibal_n of_o but_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 230_o nine_o year_n of_o age_n and_o there_o dye_v in_o a_o battle_n year_n of_o rome_n 524_o and_o during_o the_o nine_o year_n in_o which_o he_o manage_v the_o war_n with_o as_o much_o address_n as_o valour_n his_o son_n be_v make_v a_o warrior_n under_o this_o so_o brave_a a_o champion_n and_o take_v all_o at_o once_o a_o implacable_a hatred_n against_o the_o roman_n asdrubal_n his_o ally_n be_v make_v his_o father_n successor_n who_o govern_v his_o province_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o prudence_n and_o in_o it_o build_v new_a carthage_n which_o keep_v spain_n under_o subjection_n the_o roman_a be_v take_v up_o in_o the_o war_n against_o teuta_n queen_n of_o illyria_n who_o exercise_v piracy_n unpunished_a over_o all_o the_o coast_n flush_a with_o the_o spoil_n she_o make_v upon_o the_o greek_n and_o those_o of_o â—â—ir_a s_o she_o despise_v the_o roman_n and_o slay_v their_o ambassador_n but_o she_o be_v soon_o tâ—ken_v down_o for_o the_o roman_n leave_v she_o but_o a_o very_a small_a part_n of_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 229_o illyria_n and_o get_v from_o she_o the_o isle_n of_o corsmiâ—on_n year_n of_o rome_n 525_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 228_o which_o that_o queen_n have_v usurp_v they_o year_n of_o rome_n 526_o then_o make_v themselves_o to_o be_v respect_v in_o greece_n by_o a_o solemn_a embassage_n and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o they_o acknowledge_v their_o power_n there_o 12.22_o polyb._n lib._n two_o 12.22_o the_o great_a success_n of_o asâ—â—r_n dâ—al_o make_v they_o wonderful_a jealous_a but_o the_o gaul_n of_o italy_n keep_v they_o from_o mâ—â—ling_v with_o the_o affair_n of_o spain_n 21._o li._n â—â—l_o lib._n 21._o they_o continue_v quiet_a five_o and_o forty_o year_n and_o the_o youth_n that_o be_v breed_v up_o in_o that_o time_n never_o think_v of_o past_a lâ—stes_n but_o begin_v again_o to_o mâ—â—ace_n 〈◊〉_d the_o roman_n that_o they_o may_v with_o security_n attack_v such_o turbulem_fw-la neighbour_n make_v themselves_o sure_a of_o the_o carthaginian_n the_o treaty_n be_v conclude_v with_o asdâ—uâ—al_n who_o promise_v not_o to_o pass_v beyond_o the_o heber_n year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 224_o the_o war_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o year_n of_o rome_n 530_o the_o gaâ—â—s_n go_v surious_o on_o on_o both_o side_n the_o traâ—salsims_n join_v with_o the_o â—isalsin_n s_o and_o all_o be_v beat_v conâ—olitanus_n one_o of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o â—aâ—ls_n be_v take_v in_o the_o fight_n aâ—â—râ—estus_n another_o kinâ—_n be_v his_o own_o murderer_n the_o victorious_a romans_n at_o the_o first_o time_n pass_v the_o river_n po_n be_v resolve_v to_o take_v from_o the_o gaul_n at_o the_o adjacent_a place_n to_o that_o river_n of_o which_o for_o so_o many_o age_n since_o they_o have_v be_v in_o possession_n victory_n be_v their_o attendant_n wheresoever_o they_o go_v milan_n be_v take_v and_o almost_o all_o the_o country_n be_v bring_v into_o subjection_n about_o that_o time_n asdrubal_n die_v and_o hannibal_n though_o he_o be_v not_o five_o and_o twenty_o year_n old_a be_v put_v in_o his_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 220_o place_n from_o that_o time_n war_n be_v foresee_v year_n of_o rome_n 534_o the_o new_a governor_n open_o set_v himself_o to_o subdue_v spain_n without_o any_o respect_n to_o term_n rome_n then_o hearken_v to_o the_o complaint_n year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 219_o of_o sagonius_n her_o ally_n and_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 535_o roman_a ambassador_n go_v to_o carthage_n the_o reestablish_v carthaginian_n be_v now_o no_o long_o in_o a_o humour_n of_o yield_v sicily_n ravish_v out_o of_o their_o hand_n sardinia_n unjust_o force_v from_o they_o and_o tribute_n enhance_v stick_v shrewd_o in_o their_o stomache_n so_o that_o the_o faction_n which_o will_v have_v hannibal_n abandon_v prove_v very_o weak_a that_o general_n design_v to_o have_v at_o all_o by_o secret_a embassy_n they_o be_v assure_v ot_fw-mi the_o gaul_n of_o italy_n who_o be_v not_o long_o able_a to_o attempt_v any_o thing_n by_o their_o own_o force_n take_v this_o opportunity_n to_o relieve_v themselves_o hannibal_n traverse_n all_o heber_n the_o pyrenees_n all_o gallia_n transalpine_a the_o alps_n and_o upon_o a_o sudden_a fall_n upon_o italy_n the_o gaul_n neglect_v not_o to_o fortify_v their_o army_n and_o make_v year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 218_o the_o last_o effort_n for_o their_o liberty_n four_o lose_a year_n of_o rome_n 536_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 217_o battle_n make_v they_o believe_v that_o rome_n be_v year_n of_o rome_n 537_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 216_o very_o near_o she_o i_o sicily_n side_n with_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 538_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 215_o conqueror_n hieronymus_n king_n of_o syracuse_n year_n of_o rome_n 539_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 212_o declare_v himself_o against_o the_o roman_n almost_o year_n of_o rome_n 542_o all_o italy_n abandon_v they_o and_o the_o last_o ressource_n of_o that_o republic_n seem_v to_o give_v up_o itself_o in_o spain_n with_o the_o two_o scipio_n amid_o these_o extremity_n rome_n be_v indebt_v for_o her_o salvation_n to_o three_o great_a men._n the_o constancy_n of_o fabiva_fw-la maximus_fw-la who_o put_v himself_o above_o popular_a rumour_n make_v war_n by_o retreat_v and_o be_v a_o rampire_n to_o his_o country_n marcellus_n who_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 214_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o nola_n and_o take_v syracuse_n year_n of_o rome_n 540_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 212_o by_o those_o action_n put_v courage_n and_o vigour_n year_n of_o rome_n 542_o into_o the_o soldier_n but_o rome_n which_o admire_v those_o two_o wonderful_a person_n think_v they_o see_v in_o the_o young_a scipio_n something_o more_o strange_a and_o surprise_v the_o astonish_a success_n of_o his_o counsel_n confirm_v the_o opinion_n they_o have_v of_o he_o that_o he_o come_v of_o race_n divine_a and_o converse_v with_o the_o go_n at_o twenty_o four_o year_n of_o age_n he_o engage_v to_o go_v into_o spain_n where_o his_o father_n year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 211_o and_o uncle_n have_v but_o new_o be_v slay_v he_o year_n of_o rome_n 543_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 210_o attack_v new_a carthage_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v year_n of_o rome_n 544_o actuate_v by_o inspiration_n and_o his_o soldier_n quick_o get_v the_o field_n all_o that_o see_v he_o turn_v straight_o to_o the_o roman_a side_n the_o carthaginian_n yield_v up_o spain_n to_o he_o at_o his_o come_n into_o africa_n king_n because_o his_o homager_n carthage_n itself_o tremble_v in_o her_o turn_n and_o see_v her_o arm_n defeat_v victorious_a hamiâ—al_n after_o sixteen_o year_n be_v in_o vain_a call_v back_o and_o can_v defend_v his_o country_n fâ—r_v scipio_n give_v law_n unto_o it_o the_o year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 202_o surname_n of_o africanus_n be_v his_o recompense_n so_o year_n of_o rome_n 552_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v conquer_v the_o gaul_n and_o african_n law_n themselves_o then_o beyond_o further_a apprehension_n and_o fight_v afterward_o secure_a without_o hazard_n year_n be_v ∣_o fore_z j._n c._n 250_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n 5â—4_n year_n of_o rome_n 5â—4_n theodotus_n governor_n of_o bactria_n head_v a_o thousand_o city_n against_o antiochus_n surname_v the_o god_n the_o son_n of_o antiochus_n soter_n king_n of_o syria_n almost_o all_o the_o east_n follow_v this_o example_n the_o parthians_n revolt_v under_o the_o conduct_n oâ—_n aâ—aces_n who_o be_v chief_a of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o aâ—â—â—â—idâ—_n &_o â—ounder_n of_o a_o empire_n â—hich_v by_o degree_n extend_v iâ—seâ—â—_n into_o alâ—_n the_o upper_a asia_n the_o king_n of_o syria_n and_o those_o of_o egypt_n fâ—â—shed_v one_o against_o the_o other_o meditate_a on_o â—â—â—hinâ—_n but_o mutual_a ruin_n either_o by_o force_n oâ—_n fraud_n damask_n and_o hiâ—_n tâ—rritory_n whiâ—â—_n be_v call_v coelo-syria_n and_o which_o be_v a_o confine_v to_o the_o two_o kingdom_n be_v the_o subject_a of_o their_o war_n and_o the_o affair_n of_o asia_n be_v absolute_o distinct_a and_o separate_a from_o those_o of_o e_z rope_z during_o all_o those_o sad_a time_n philosophy_n flourish_v in_o greece_n the_o sect_n of_o the_o italian_a philosopher_n and_o that_o of_o the_o enique_n fill_v it_o with_o great_a man_n among_o who_o there_o be_v mix_v several_a extravagant_a person_n to_o who_o critical_a greece_n will_v noâ—_n vouchsafe_v to_o â—ive_a the_o name_n â—f_a philosopher_n in_o the_o time_n of_o â—â—râ—s_n and_o caâ—â—â—â—sâ—â—_n pythagoras_n 〈◊〉_d the_o it_o l_o ck_n sect_n in_o the_o upper_a greece_n aâ—â—_n about_o naples_n and_o very_o â—â—ar_v the_o same_o 〈◊〉_d thâ—â—es_v the_o milesâ—an_n foâ—med_v that_o of_o
who_o be_v capable_a of_o break_v his_o fortune_n and_o let_v himself_o be_v dazzle_v with_o his_o great_a success_n be_v not_o bear_v to_o overcome_v the_o roman_n from_o that_o time_n rome_n make_v great_a enterprise_n every_o day_n and_o hannibal_n as_o courageous_a and_o victorious_a as_o he_o be_v can_v not_o hold_v up_o against_o she_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o judge_v by_o that_o single_a event_n to_o who_o at_o last_o all_o the_o advantage_n be_v likely_a to_o come_v hannibal_n swell_v with_o his_o mighty_a success_n think_v the_o take_n of_o rome_n be_v very_o easy_a and_o therefore_o give_v himself_o some_o intermission_n rome_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o her_o calamity_n neither_o lose_v her_o courage_n nor_o her_o confidence_n and_o undertake_v great_a thing_n than_o ever_o it_o be_v present_o after_o the_o defeat_n at_o cannae_n that_o she_o besiege_v syracuse_n and_o capua_n the_o one_o unfaithful_a to_o treaty_n and_o the_o other_o rebellious_a syracuse_z can_v not_o defend_v herself_o neither_o by_o her_o fortification_n nor_o by_o the_o invention_n of_o archimedes_n the_o victorious_a army_n of_o hannibal_n come_v in_o vain_a to_o the_o help_n of_o capua_n but_o the_o roman_n force_v that_o captain_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n at_o nola._n a_o while_n after_o the_o carthaginian_n defeat_v and_o slay_v in_o spain_n the_o two_o scipio_n in_o all_o that_o war_n nothing_o fall_v out_o more_o sensible_a nor_o more_o fatal_a to_o the_o roman_n their_o loss_n oblige_v they_o to_o make_v their_o last_o effort_n young_a scipio_n the_o son_n of_o one_o of_o those_o general_n be_v not_o satisfy_v with_o his_o have_v relieve_v the_o affair_n of_o rome_n in_o spain_n go_v and_o wage_v war_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o their_o own_o city_n and_o give_v the_o last_o blow_n to_o their_o empire_n the_o state_n of_o that_o city_n do_v not_o permit_v scipio_n to_o find_v there_o the_o same_o resistance_n as_o hannibal_n find_v from_o rome_n and_o you_o will_v be_v enough_o convince_v of_o that_o if_o you_o do_v but_o a_o little_a look_n into_o the_o constitution_n of_o those_o two_o city_n rome_n be_v in_o her_o strength_n etc._n polyb._n 1_o 3â—.6.49_n etc._n etc._n and_o carthage_n which_o be_v beginning_n to_o fall_v be_v keep_v up_o only_o by_o hannibal_n rome_n have_v her_o senate_n unite_v and_o that_o be_v exact_o the_o time_n when_o that_o concert_n be_v which_o be_v so_o much_o commend_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o maccabee_n the_o senate_n of_o carthage_n be_v divide_v by_o old_a irreconcilable_a faction_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o hannibal_n have_v be_v the_o rejoice_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n rome_n although_o poor_a and_o engage_v in_o agriculture_n yet_o breed_v up_o a_o admirable_a militia_n which_o only_o aim_v at_o glory_n and_o to_o aggrandise_v the_o roman_a name_n carthage_n enrich_v by_o her_o trade_n behold_v all_o her_o citizen_n set_v upon_o their_o wealth_n and_o not_o at_o all_o discipline_v in_o war_n whereas_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v almost_o all_o make_v up_o of_o citizen_n carthage_n on_o the_o contrary_n hold_v it_o for_o a_o maxim_n not_o to_o have_v any_o but_o strange_a troop_n ofttimes_o as_o much_o to_o be_v fear_v by_o those_o that_o pay_v they_o as_o by_o those_o that_o they_o be_v employ_v against_o these_o defect_n come_v partly_o from_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o carthage_n and_o partly_o be_v introduce_v by_o time_n carthage_n always_o love_v wealth_n 2.2_o arist_n pol._n 2.2_o and_o aristotle_n accuse_v she_o for_o so_o much_o be_v set_v upon_o it_o as_o to_o suffer_v the_o citizen_n to_o prefer_v it_o to_o virtue_n by_o that_o mean_v a_o republic_n whole_o make_v for_o war_n as_o the_o same_o aristotle_n observe_v at_o last_o neglect_v the_o exercise_n of_o it_o that_o philosopher_n do_v not_o blame_v she_o for_o have_v only_o strange_a militias_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v believe_v that_o it_o fall_v not_o into_o that_o defect_n till_o a_o long_a while_n after_o but_o riches_n bring_v thither_o natural_o a_o merchandize_v republic_n they_o love_v to_o enjoy_v their_o wealth_n and_o think_v to_o find_v every_o thing_n in_o their_o mony_n carthage_n fancy_v herself_o strong_a because_o she_o have_v a_o great_a many_o soldier_n and_o never_o can_v be_v bring_v to_o understand_v by_o all_o the_o revolt_v she_o have_v see_v befall_v she_o in_o the_o latter_a time_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o unhappy_a than_o a_o state_n which_o can_v only_o be_v support_v by_o stranger_n wherein_o there_o can_v be_v find_v neither_o zeal_n nor_o security_n nor_o obedience_n 11.17_o polyb._n 11.17_o it_o be_v true_a the_o great_a genius_n of_o hannibal_n seem_v to_o have_v supply_v and_o remedy_v the_o defect_n of_o his_o republic_n it_o be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o prodigy_n that_o in_o a_o strange_a country_n and_o for_o full_a sixteen_o year_n there_o shall_v never_o be_v see_v i_o do_v not_o say_v any_o sedition_n but_o so_o much_o as_o a_o murmur_n in_o a_o army_n all_o make_v up_o of_o divers_a people_n who_o without_o understand_v one_o another_o agree_v so_o well_o in_o understand_v the_o order_n of_o their_o general_n but_o hannibal_n ability_n can_v not_o support_v carthage_n when_o be_v attack_v within_o her_o wall_n by_o such_o a_o general_n as_o scipio_n she_o be_v find_v without_o force_n then_o be_v hannibal_n to_o be_v recall_v but_o he_o have_v with_o he_o only_o such_o troop_n as_o be_v weaken_v more_o by_o their_o own_o victory_n than_o by_o those_o of_o the_o roman_n and_o which_o complete_v their_o own_o ruin_n by_o the_o length_n of_o the_o voyage_n thus_o hannibal_n be_v beat_v and_o carthage_n former_o the_o mistress_n of_o all_o afric_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o of_o all_o the_o commerce_n of_o the_o world_n be_v force_v to_o undergo_v the_o yoke_n that_o sâ—ipio_n put_v upon_o she_o this_o be_v the_o glorious_a fruit_n of_o the_o roman_a patience_n people_n who_o harden_v and_o fortify_v themselves_o by_o their_o unhappiness_n have_v good_a reason_n to_o believe_v they_o may_v save_v all_o provide_v they_o do_v not_o lose_v their_o hope_n and_o polybiâ—s_n have_v very_o right_o conclude_v that_o carthage_n will_v at_o last_o be_v obedient_a to_o rome_n by_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o two_o republic_n and_o if_o the_o roman_n make_v use_v of_o those_o great_a politic_a and_o military_a quality_n only_o to_o preserve_v their_o state_n in_o peace_n or_o to_o protect_v their_o oppress_a ally_n as_o they_o make_v such_o a_o pretention_n to_o do_v we_o must_v as_o much_o commend_v their_o equity_n as_o their_o valour_n and_o their_o prudence_n but_o when_o they_o have_v taste_v the_o sweetness_n of_o victory_n they_o then_o resolve_v to_o make_v every_o thing_n yield_v to_o they_o and_o pretend_v to_o nothing_o less_o than_o to_o put_v first_o their_o neighbour_n and_o afterward_o all_o the_o world_n under_o their_o law_n to_o attain_v that_o end_n they_o perfect_o know_v how_o to_o preserve_v their_o ally_n to_o unite_v they_o among_o themselves_o to_o throw_v division_n and_o jealousy_n among_o their_o enemy_n to_o penetrate_v into_o their_o council_n to_o discover_v their_o intelligence_n and_o to_o prevent_v their_o undertake_n they_o not_o only_o observe_v the_o march_n of_o their_o enemy_n but_o also_o all_o the_o progress_n of_o their_o neighbour_n and_o they_o be_v above_o all_o thing_n curious_a either_o in_o divide_v or_o in_o counter-balancing_a by_o some_o other_o way_n the_o power_n that_o become_v too_o formidable_a or_o which_o put_v too_o great_a obstacle_n to_o their_o conquest_n therefore_o the_o greek_n be_v to_o blame_v for_o imagine_v in_o the_o time_n of_o polybius_n 1.63_o polyb._n 1.63_o that_o rome_n aggrandize_v herself_o rather_o by_o hazard_n than_o by_o conduct_n they_o be_v too_o fond_a of_o their_o own_o nation_n and_o too_o jealous_a of_o those_o people_n they_o see_v raise_v above_o they_o or_o peradventure_o that_o see_v at_o a_o distance_n the_o roman_a empire_n to_o advance_v so_o quick_o without_o penetrate_v into_o the_o council_n which_o order_v the_o motion_n of_o that_o great_a body_n they_o attribute_v to_o chance_v as_o the_o custom_n of_o man_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o which_o the_o cause_n be_v not_o know_v to_o they_o but_o polybius_n who_o strict_a familiarity_n with_o the_o roman_n make_v he_o get_v so_o far_o into_o the_o secret_a of_o affair_n and_o near_o to_o observe_v the_o roman_a polity_n during_o the_o punic_a war_n have_v be_v more_o just_a and_o equitable_a than_o the_o other_o greek_n and_o have_v see_v that_o the_o conquest_n of_o rome_n be_v the_o consequence_n of_o a_o well_o form_v and_o understand_v design_n for_o he_o see_v the_o roman_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n to_o have_v their_o eye_n
from_o be_v pillage_v but_o it_o be_v quick_o after_o expose_v by_o the_o debauch_n of_o its_o emperor_n valentinian_n maximus_n year_n of_o j._n c._n 454._o 455._o who_o wife_n he_o have_v violate_v find_v a_o way_n to_o destroy_v he_o by_o dissemble_v his_o grief_n and_o thereby_o insinuate_v himself_o into_o his_o good_a affection_n by_o his_o deceitful_a counsel_n the_o blind_a emperor_n cause_v aëtius_n the_o only_a bulwark_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n maximus_n the_o author_n of_o this_o murder_n stir_v up_o aëtius_n his_o friend_n to_o revenge_v it_o and_o so_o the_o emperor_n come_v to_o be_v kill_v by_o these_o step_v he_o get_v to_o the_o throne_n and_o force_v the_o empress_n eudoxia_n the_o daughter_n of_o theodosius_n the_o young_a to_o marry_v he_o to_o deliver_v herself_o out_o of_o his_o hand_n she_o be_v not_o afraid_a to_o run_v into_o those_o of_o genseric_n rome_n now_o become_v a_o prey_n to_o barbary_n it_o be_v only_a s._n leo_n that_o prevent_v all_o there_o from_o be_v put_v to_o fire_n and_o sword_n the_o people_n tear_v maximus_n to_o piece_n and_o only_o receive_v that_o sad_a consolation_n in_o all_o their_o misery_n all_o be_v out_o of_o order_n in_o the_o west_n several_a emperor_n be_v set_v up_o there_o and_o pull_v down_o again_o almost_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n year_n of_o j._n c._n 456._o 457._o majorianus_n make_v himself_o the_o most_o considerable_a avitus_n very_o scurvy_o preserve_v his_o reputation_n and_o save_v himself_o by_o a_o bishopric_n the_o gaul_n be_v no_o long_o to_o be_v defend_v against_o merovius_n nor_o against_o childerick_n his_o son_n but_o the_o latter_a have_v like_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 458_o to_o have_v dye_v through_o his_o debauchery_n if_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 462_o his_o subject_n banish_v he_o one_o faithful_a friend_n in_o reserve_v make_v he_o be_v recall_v his_o valour_n give_v a_o dread_a and_o terror_n to_o his_o enemy_n and_o his_o conquest_n reach_v very_o far_o into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o gaul_n the_o eastern_a year_n of_o j._n c._n 475_o empire_n be_v at_o peace_n under_o leo_n the_o thracian_a year_n of_o j._n c._n 476_o marcian_n be_v successor_n and_o under_o zeno_n leo_n son-in-law_n and_o successor_n the_o revolt_n of_o basiliscus_n which_o be_v soon_o quash_v give_v but_o a_o short_a disturbance_n to_o this_o empire_n but_o the_o western_a empire_n go_v to_o decay_v irrecoverable_o augustus_n who_o be_v call_v augustulus_n the_o son_n of_o orestes_n be_v the_o last_o emperor_n own_v at_o rome_n and_o immediate_o after_o he_o be_v depose_v by_o odoacre_n king_n of_o the_o heruleans_n these_o be_v people_n come_v from_o the_o euxine_a sea_n who_o government_n be_v but_o of_o a_o short_a duration_n in_o the_o east_n the_o emperor_n zeno_n attempt_v to_o signalise_v himself_o in_o a_o unheard_a of_o manner_n he_o be_v the_o first_o of_o all_o the_o emperor_n who_o concern_v himself_o in_o regulate_v the_o question_n of_o faith_n whilst_o the_o demi-eutychians_a oppose_v the_o council_n of_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 482_o chalcedon_n he_o publish_v against_o the_o council_n his_o henotick_a that_o be_v to_o say_v his_o decree_n of_o union_n detest_v by_o the_o catholic_n and_o condemn_v by_o pope_n felix_n the_o iii_o the_o heruleans_n year_n of_o j._n c._n 483_o be_v quick_o drive_v from_o rome_n by_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 490_o theodorick_n king_n of_o the_o ostrogoth_n that_o be_v to_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 491_o say_v the_o eastern_a goth_n who_o found_v the_o kingdom_n of_o italy_n and_o leave_v though_o a_o arian_n a_o pretty_a free_a exercise_n to_o the_o catholic_a religion_n the_o emperor_n anastasius_n be_v some_o trouble_n to_o it_o in_o the_o east_n he_o follow_v the_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 492_o step_n of_o zeno_n his_o predecessor_n and_o hearten_v year_n of_o j._n c._n 493_o the_o heretic_n by_o which_o mean_v he_o lose_v the_o people_n affection_n which_o can_v never_o be_v retrieve_v no_o not_o by_o case_a they_o of_o heavy_a and_o oppressive_a tax_n italy_n be_v all_o obedient_a to_o theodorick_n odoacre_n press_v into_o ravenna_n endeavour_v to_o save_v himself_o by_o a_o treaty_n which_o theodorick_n do_v not_o at_o all_o regard_n and_o the_o heruleans_n be_v force_v to_o resign_v up_o all_o theodorick_n beside_o italy_n do_v likewise_o keep_v provence_n in_o his_o time_n st._n bennet_n be_v in_o italy_n retire_v into_o a_o desert_n year_n of_o j._n c._n 494_o begin_n from_o his_o most_o early_a year_n to_o put_v in_o practice_n those_o holy_a maxim_n of_o which_o he_o afterward_o compose_v that_o excellent_a rule_n which_o all_o the_o western_a monk_n receive_v with_o the_o same_o respect_n and_o deference_n which_o those_o of_o the_o east_n do_v pay_v to_o that_o of_o st._n basil_n the_o roman_n complete_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o gaul_n by_o the_o victory_n of_o clovis_n the_o son_n of_o chilperick_n year_n of_o j._n c._n 495_o he_o gain_v also_o over_o the_o german_n the_o battle_n of_o tolbiac_n by_o the_o vow_n he_o make_v of_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n to_o which_o his_o wife_n clotilda_n never_o cease_v her_o persuasion_n she_o be_v of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o king_n of_o buâ—gundy_n and_o a_o most_o catholic_a zealot_n though_o her_o family_n and_o nation_n be_v arrian_n clovis_n instruct_v by_o st._n vaast_n be_v baptize_v at_o reims_n with_o his_o frank_n by_o st._n remy_n bishop_n of_o that_o ancient_a metropolis_n of_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 506_o world_n he_o alone_o maintain_v the_o catholic_a year_n of_o j._n c._n 507_o faith_n and_o deserve_v the_o title_n of_o most_o christian_a to_o be_v derive_v to_o all_o his_o successor_n by_o the_o battle_n in_o which_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n he_o kill_v alarick_n king_n of_o the_o visigoth_n tholoâ—se_n and_o aquitain_n be_v join_v to_o his_o kingdom_n but_o the_o victory_n of_o the_o ostrogoth_n year_n of_o j._n c._n 508_o keep_v he_o from_o pretend_v to_o it_o all_o even_o up_o to_o the_o pyrenees_n and_o the_o end_n of_o his_o reign_n deface_v somewhat_o the_o glory_n of_o his_o great_a beginning_n his_o four_o son_n divide_v the_o kingdom_n year_n of_o j._n c._n 510_o and_o yet_o be_v continual_o make_v inroad_n one_o upon_o another_o anastasius_n die_v year_n of_o j._n c._n 518_o by_o the_o stroke_n of_o a_o thunderbolt_n justin_n of_o mean_a extract_n but_o a_o man_n of_o part_n and_o a_o great_a catholic_a be_v make_v emperor_n by_o the_o senate_n he_o and_o all_o his_o people_n submit_v to_o the_o decree_n of_o pope_n st._n hormisdas_n and_o so_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o trouble_n of_o the_o eastern_a church_n in_o his_o time_n bâ—ëtius_n a_o man_n famous_a for_o his_o learning_n as_o well_o as_o his_o birth_n year_n of_o j._n c._n 526_o and_o symmachus_n his_o father-in-law_n both_o advance_v to_o the_o high_a office_n of_o government_n be_v sacrifice_v to_o the_o jealousy_n of_o theodorick_n who_o groundless_o suspect_v they_o for_o conspire_v against_o the_o state_n the_o king_n be_v afterward_o trouble_v in_o his_o mind_n for_o this_o bloody_a fact_n he_o have_v do_v think_v he_o see_v the_o head_n of_o symmachus_n in_o a_o dish_n which_o be_v bring_v up_o to_o his_o table_n and_o soon_o after_o dye_v amalasonta_fw-mi his_o daughter_n mother_n of_o alâ—ricus_n who_o succeed_v to_o the_o kingdom_n by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o grandfather_n be_v hinder_v by_o the_o goth_n from_o bring_v up_o this_o young_a prince_n in_o the_o instruction_n which_o his_o birth_n both_o challenge_v and_o deserve_v and_o be_v force_v to_o abandon_v he_o to_o person_n of_o his_o own_o age_n she_o foresee_v his_o ruin_n without_o be_v able_a to_o do_v any_o thing_n to_o prevent_v it_o the_o year_n after_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 527_o justin_n die_v after_o he_o have_v associate_v to_o the_o empire_n his_o nephew_n justinian_n who_o long_a reign_n be_v celebrate_v by_o the_o labour_n of_o tribonianus_n the_o compiler_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o by_o the_o exploit_n of_o belisarius_n and_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 529_o of_o the_o eunuch_n narses_n those_o two_o famous_a year_n of_o j._n c._n 530_o etc._n etc._n captain_n subdue_v the_o persian_n defeat_v the_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 533_o ostrogoth_n and_o the_o vandal_n and_o render_v to_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 534_o their_o master_n africa_n italy_n and_o rome_n but_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 552_o the_o emperor_n jealous_a of_o their_o glory_n without_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 553_o ever_o be_v desirous_a to_o share_v with_o they_o year_n of_o j._n c._n 532_o their_o labour_n every_o day_n study_v how_o to_o embarass_n and_o entangle_v they_o more_o than_o ever_o he_o afford_v they_o assistance_n the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n increase_v
every_o where_o round_o even_o into_o spain_n and_o syria_n to_o observe_v all_o that_o pass_v there_o to_o advance_v regular_o and_o near_o and_o near_o to_o strengthen_v themselves_o before_o they_o enlarge_v themselves_o not_o to_o be_v clog_v with_o too_o many_o affair_n to_o dissemble_v for_o some_o time_n and_o at_o a_o convenient_a opportunity_n to_o declare_v themselves_o to_o wait_v till_o hannibal_n be_v conquer_v to_o disarm_v philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n who_o have_v favour_v he_o after_o they_o have_v begin_v a_o business_n never_o to_o be_v weary_a nor_o content_v till_o every_o thing_n be_v end_v not_o to_o leave_v the_o macedonian_n a_o moment_n and_o when_o they_o have_v overcome_v they_o by_o a_o public_a decree_n to_o restore_v to_o greece_n which_o have_v be_v so_o long_o captivate_v that_o liberty_n which_o they_o never_o dream_v of_o by_o that_o mean_n to_o scatter_v on_o one_o hand_n terror_n and_o on_o the_o other_o a_o veneration_n for_o their_o name_n all_o these_o be_v enough_o for_o any_o one_o to_o conclude_v that_o the_o roman_n never_o get_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o world_n by_o hazard_n but_o by_o conduct_n this_o be_v what_o polybius_n see_v in_o the_o time_n of_o rome_n progress_v 1.2_o dion_n halic_fw-mi ant._n rom._n 1.2_o dion_n halicarnasseus_n who_o write_v after_o the_o establishment_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o augustus_n have_v conclude_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o resume_v from_o the_o first_o origine_fw-la the_o ancient_a institution_n of_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n so_o fit_a in_o their_o very_a nature_n to_o form_v a_o people_n invincible_a and_o only_o to_o command_v you_o have_v see_v enough_o of_o this_o to_o enter_v into_o the_o sentiment_n of_o those_o wise_a historian_n rom._n plut._n lib._n de_fw-fr fort_fw-fr alex._n &_o the_o fort_n rom._n and_o to_o condemn_v plutarch_n who_o be_v always_o too_o great_a a_o lover_n of_o the_o greek_n attribute_v alone_o to_o fortune_n the_o roman_a greatness_n and_o alone_o to_o virtue_n that_o of_o alexander_n but_o the_o more_o of_o design_n those_o historian_n discover_v in_o the_o conquest_n of_o rome_n the_o more_o injustice_n do_v they_o show_v in_o they_o that_o be_v a_o vice_n inseparable_a from_o the_o desire_n of_o dominion_n which_o also_o for_o that_o reason_n be_v just_o condemn_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o gospel_n but_o philosophy_n alone_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v we_o understand_v that_o force_n be_v give_v we_o to_o keep_v our_o own_o good_n but_o not_o to_o usurp_v those_o of_o other_o men._n 3._o cic._n de_fw-fr off._n 3._o cicero_n have_v confess_v it_o and_o the_o rule_n which_o he_o have_v give_v for_o make_v war_n be_v a_o manifest_a condemnation_n of_o the_o roman_n conduct_n it_o be_v true_a they_o appear_v pretty_a equitable_a at_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o republic_n it_o seem_v as_o if_o they_o themselves_o be_v willing_a to_o moderate_v their_o war_a humour_n by_o circumscribe_v it_o within_o the_o bound_n which_o equity_n assign_v what_o be_v there_o more_o noble_a and_o more_o holy_a than_o the_o college_n of_o the_o feciale_n 1.32_o dion_n halicar_n 2._o ant._n rom._n tit._n liv._o 1.32_o whether_o numa_n be_v the_o founder_n of_o it_o as_o dion_z halicarnasseus_n affirm_v or_o ancus_n martius_n as_o titus_n livius_n will_v have_v it_o that_o council_n be_v set_v up_o to_o judge_v whether_o a_o war_n be_v just_a or_o no_o before_o the_o senate_n propose_v it_o or_o the_o people_n resolve_v on_o it_o that_o examen_fw-la of_o equity_n always_o precede_v when_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o war_n be_v know_v the_o senate_n consult_v about_o the_o measure_n how_o they_o be_v to_o have_v it_o undertake_v but_o first_o of_o all_o they_o send_v to_o the_o usurper_n in_o all_o formality_n to_o redemand_v of_o he_o the_o thing_n he_o have_v unjust_o ravish_v and_o they_o never_o go_v to_o extremity_n till_o after_o they_o have_v try_v all_o the_o way_n of_o gentleness_n and_o candour_n a_o holy_a institution_n this_o if_o ever_o there_o be_v one_o and_o which_o may_v shame_v christian_n in_o who_o god-man_n that_o come_v into_o the_o world_n to_o pacify_v all_o thing_n have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o inspire_v charity_n and_o peace_n but_o what_o do_v signify_v the_o best_a institution_n when_o at_o last_o they_o degenerate_v into_o pure_a ceremony_n the_o charm_n of_o conquer_a and_o of_o absolute_a command_v do_v soon_o corrupt_a in_o the_o roman_n that_o right_a which_o natural_a equity_n have_v give_v they_o the_o deliberation_n of_o the_o faeciale_n be_v only_o a_o useless_a formality_n among_o they_o and_o though_o they_o use_v towards_o their_o great_a enemy_n act_n of_o extraordinary_a moderation_n and_o clemency_n yet_o ambition_n do_v not_o suffer_v justice_n to_o prevail_v in_o their_o council_n but_o their_o injustice_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o dangerous_a as_o they_o know_v better_o how_o to_o cover_v they_o under_o the_o specious_a pretext_n of_o equity_n and_o as_o they_o insensible_o bring_v king_n and_o nation_n under_o their_o yoke_n under_o colour_n of_o protect_v and_o defend_v they_o let_v we_o add_v also_o that_o they_o be_v cruel_a to_o those_o who_o resist_v they_o another_o quality_n pretty_a natural_a to_o conqueror_n who_o know_v that_o fear_n make_v more_o than_o half_a to_o conquest_n but_o be_v dominion_n to_o be_v have_v at_o that_o rate_n and_o to_o command_n be_v that_o so_o please_v to_o make_v man_n purchase_v it_o by_o such_o inhuman_a action_n the_o roman_n to_o make_v every_o place_n afraid_a of_o they_o affect_v to_o leave_v in_o their_o conquer_a town_n terrible_a spectacle_n of_o cruelty_n and_o to_o appear_v unmerciful_a to_o those_o who_o will_v be_v force_v without_o so_o much_o as_o spare_a king_n 10.15_o polyb._n 10.15_o who_o they_o inhumane_o cause_v to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n after_o they_o have_v carry_v they_o in_o triumph_n load_v with_o iron_n and_o drag_v by_o chariot_n as_o slave_n but_o if_o they_o be_v cruel_a and_o unjust_a for_o conquer_a yet_o they_o govern_v the_o subdue_v â—_z with_o moderation_n they_o endeavour_v to_o make_v the_o subject_v people_n sensible_a of_o their_o government_n and_o they_o believe_v that_o that_o be_v their_o best_a mean_n to_o secure_v they_o their_o conquest_n the_o senate_n keep_v short_a the_o governor_n and_o do_v justice_n to_o the_o people_n that_o company_n be_v look_v on_o as_o the_o asylum_n of_o the_o oppress_a also_o the_o concussion_n and_o violence_n be_v not_o know_v among_o the_o roman_n but_o in_o the_o last_o time_n of_o the_o republic_n and_o the_o retention_n of_o their_o magistrate_n be_v the_o admiration_n of_o the_o world_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o of_o those_o brutal_a and_o avaritious_a conqueror_n who_o be_v only_o greedy_a of_o pillage_n or_o who_o establish_v their_o domination_n upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o vanquish_a country_n the_o roman_n make_v all_o those_o who_o they_o take_v better_o by_o cause_v justice_n to_o flourish_v in_o they_o agriculture_n commerce_n and_o even_a art_n and_o science_n too_o after_o they_o have_v once_o be_v make_v sensible_a of_o they_o it_o be_v that_o which_o give_v they_o the_o most_o flourish_a and_o the_o best_a establish_v as_o well_o as_o the_o most_o extensive_a empire_n that_o ever_o be_v from_o euphrates_n and_o tanaus_n even_o to_o hercules_n his_o pillar_n and_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n all_o land_n and_o sea_n obey_v they_o from_o the_o middle_n and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n they_o have_v all_o the_o extent_n of_o that_o sea_n penetrate_v into_o both_o the_o length_n and_o breadth_n of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n round_o thereabouts_o and_o keep_v it_o between_o two_o to_o make_v the_o communication_n of_o their_o empire_n it_o be_v enough_o still_o to_o astonish_v one_o when_o he_o consider_v that_o the_o nation_n which_o at_o this_o day_n make_v such_o great_a and_o redoubt_a kingdom_n all_o the_o gaul_n all_o spain_n great_a britain_n almost_o entire_o illyricum_n even_o to_o the_o danube_n germany_n to_o the_o elbe_n africa_n to_o its_o frightful_a and_o impenetrable_a desert_n greece_n thracia_n syria_n egypt_n all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o lesser_n asia_n and_o those_o which_o be_v shut_v up_o between_o the_o euxine_a and_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o the_o rest_n which_o possible_o i_o may_v forget_v or_o be_o not_o willing_a to_o mention_v have_v be_v for_o many_o age_n but_o roman_a province_n all_o the_o people_n of_o our_o world_n even_o to_o the_o most_o barbarous_a have_v respect_v their_o power_n and_o the_o roman_n establish_v in_o they_o almost_o every_o where_n with_o their_o empire_n their_o law_n and_o their_o polity_n it_o be_v a_o kind_a of_o a_o prodigv_n that_o in_o so_o vast_a a_o empire_n which_o reach_v over_o so_o many_o nation_n and_o kingdom_n the_o people_n shall_v be_v so_o