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ancient_a privilege_n already_o mention_v of_o their_o town_n be_v concession_n and_o grace_n of_o several_a prince_n in_o particular_a exemption_n or_o immunity_n jurisdiction_n both_o in_o choice_n and_o exercise_n of_o magigistracy_n and_o civil_a judicature_n within_o themselves_o or_o else_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o use_v none_o but_o native_n in_o charge_n and_o office_n and_o pass_v all_o weighty_a affair_n by_o the_o great_a council_n compose_v of_o the_o great_a lord_n of_o the_o country_n who_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o temporal_a there_o be_v but_o three_o bishop_n in_o all_o the_o seventeen_o province_n till_o the_o time_n of_o philip_n the_o second_o of_o spain_n the_o revenue_n of_o these_o prince_n consist_v in_o their_o ancient_a demesne_n in_o small_a custom_n which_o yet_o grow_v considerable_a by_o the_o greatness_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o maritime_a town_n and_o in_o the_o voluntary_a contribution_n of_o their_o subject_n either_o in_o the_o state_n or_o in_o particular_a city_n according_a to_o the_o necessity_n of_o their_o prince_n or_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n nor_o be_v these_o frequent_a for_o the_o force_n of_o these_o count_n be_v compose_v of_o such_o lord_n who_o either_o by_o their_o government_n or_o other_o office_n or_o by_o the_o tenure_n of_o their_o land_n be_v oblige_v to_o attend_v their_o prince_n on_o horseback_n with_o certain_a number_n of_o man_n upon_o all_o his_o war_n or_o else_o of_o a_o milice_fw-la which_o be_v call_v les_fw-fr gens_fw-fr d'_fw-fr ordonnance_n who_o serve_v on_o foot_n and_o be_v not_o unlike_o our_o train-band_n the_o use_n or_o at_o least_o stile_n whereof_o be_v renew_v in_o flanders_n upon_o the_o last_o war_n with_o france_n in_o 1667_o when_o the_o count_n egmont_n be_v make_v by_o the_o governor_n general_n de_fw-fr gens_fw-fr d'_fw-fr ordonnance_n these_o force_n be_v defray_v by_o the_o city_n or_o country_n as_o the_o other_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o lord_n when_o occasion_n require_v and_o all_o be_v license_v immediate_o when_o it_o be_v past_a so_o that_o they_o be_v of_o little_a charge_n to_o the_o prince_n his_o war_n be_v but_o with_o other_o prince_n of_o his_o own_o size_n or_o competitor_n to_o his_o principality_n or_o sometime_o with_o the_o mutiny_n of_o his_o great_a town_n short_a though_o violent_a and_o decide_v by_o one_o battle_n or_o siege_n unless_o they_o fall_v into_o the_o quarrel_n between_o england_n and_o france_n and_o then_o they_o be_v engage_v but_o in_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o war_n the_o gross_a of_o it_o be_v wage_v between_o the_o two_o king_n and_o these_o small_a prince_n make_v use_v of_o for_o the_o credit_n of_o alliance_n or_o sometime_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o a_o diversion_n rather_o than_o for_o any_o great_a weight_n they_o make_v in_o the_o main_a of_o the_o affair_n the_o most_o frequent_a war_n of_o the_o count_n of_o holland_n be_v with_o the_o frison_n a_o part_n of_o the_o old_a saxon_n and_o the_o fierce_a battle_n of_o some_o of_o the_o count_n of_o flanders_n be_v with_o the_o norman_n who_o past_o that_o way_n into_o france_n and_o be_v the_o last_o of_o those_o nation_n that_o have_v infest_a the_o more_o southern_a part_n of_o europe_n i_o have_v sometime_o think_v how_o it_o shall_v have_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o infinite_a swarm_n of_o that_o vast_a northern-hive_n which_o so_o often_o shake_v the_o world_n like_o a_o great_a tempest_n and_o overflow_v it_o like_o a_o great_a torrent_n change_v name_n and_o custom_n and_o government_n and_o language_n and_o the_o very_a face_n of_o nature_n wherever_o they_o seat_v themselves_o which_o upon_o record_n of_o story_n under_o the_o name_n of_o gaul_n pierce_v into_o greece_n and_o italy_n sack_v rome_n and_o besiege_v the_o capitol_n in_o camillus_n his_o time_n under_o that_o of_o the_o cimber_n march_v through_o france_n to_o the_o very_a confine_n of_o
that_o matter_n of_o religion_n be_v the_o subject_n of_o that_o conference_n and_o that_o soon_o after_o in_o the_o same_o year_n come_v letter_n from_o king_n philip_n to_o the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n disclaim_v the_o interpretation_n which_o have_v be_v give_v to_o his_o letter_n by_o count_n egmont_n declare_v his_o pleasure_n be_v that_o all_o heretic_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o death_n without_o remission_n that_o the_o emperor_n edict_n and_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n shall_v be_v publish_v and_o observe_v and_o command_v that_o the_o utmost_a assistance_n of_o the_o civil_a power_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o inquisition_n when_o this_o be_v divulge_v at_o first_o the_o astonishment_n be_v great_a throughout_o their_o province_n but_o that_o soon_o give_v way_n to_o their_o rage_n which_o begin_v to_o appear_v in_o their_o look_n in_o their_o speech_n their_o bold_a meeting_n and_o libel_n and_o be_v increase_v by_o the_o miserable_a spectacle_n of_o so_o many_o execution_n upon_o account_n of_o religion_n the_o constancy_n of_o the_o sufferer_n and_o compassion_n of_o the_o beholder_n conspire_v general_o to_o lessen_v the_o opinion_n of_o gild_n or_o crime_n and_o heighten_v a_o detestation_n of_o the_o punishment_n and_o revenge_n against_o the_o author_n of_o that_o counsel_n of_o who_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n be_v esteem_v the_o chief_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1566_o begin_v a_o open_a mutiny_n of_o the_o citizen_n in_o many_o town_n hinder_v execution_n and_o force_v prison_n and_o officer_n and_o this_o be_v follow_v by_o a_o confederacy_n of_o the_o lord_n never_o to_o suffer_v the_o inquisition_n in_o the_o low-countries_n as_o contrary_a to_o all_o law_n both_o sacred_a and_o profane_a and_o exceed_v the_o cruelty_n of_o all_o former_a tyranny_n upon_o which_o all_o resolution_n of_o force_n or_o rigour_n grow_v unsafe_a for_o the_o government_n now_o too_o weak_a for_o such_o a_o revolution_n of_o the_o people_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n brederode_n in_o confidence_n of_o the_o general_a favour_n come_v in_o the_o head_n of_o two_o hundred_o gentleman_n through_o the_o province_n to_o brussels_n and_o in_o bold_a term_n petition_v the_o governess_n for_o abolish_n the_o inquisition_n and_o edict_n about_o religion_n and_o that_o new_a one_o shall_v be_v frame_v by_o a_o convention_n of_o the_o state_n the_o governess_n be_v force_v to_o use_v gentle_a remedy_n to_o so_o violent_a a_o disease_n to_o receive_v the_o petition_n without_o show_n of_o the_o resentment_n she_o have_v at_o heart_n and_o to_o promise_v a_o representation_n of_o their_o desire_n to_o the_o king_n which_o be_v according_o do_v but_o though_o the_o king_n be_v startle_v with_o such_o consequence_n of_o his_o last_o command_n and_o at_o length_n induce_v to_o recall_v they_o yet_o whether_o by_o the_o slowness_n of_o his_o nature_n or_o the_o form_n of_o the_o spanish_a court_n the_o answer_n come_v too_o late_o and_o as_o all_o his_o former_a concession_n either_o by_o delay_n or_o testimony_n of_o ill-will_n or_o meaning_n in_o they_o have_v lose_v the_o good_a grace_n so_o this_o lose_v absolute_o the_o effect_n and_o come_v into_o the_o low-countries_n when_o all_o be_v in_o flame_n by_o a_o insurrection_n of_o the_o mean_a people_n through_o many_o great_a town_n of_o flanders_n holland_n and_o utrecht_n who_o fall_v violent_o upon_o the_o spoil_n of_o church_n and_o destruction_n of_o image_n with_o a_o thousand_o circumstance_n of_o barbarous_a and_o brutish_a fury_n which_o with_o the_o institution_n of_o consistory_n and_o magistrate_n in_o each_o town_n among_o those_o of_o the_o reform_a profession_n with_o public_a confederacy_n and_o distinction_n and_o private_a contribution_n agree_v upon_o for_o the_o support_n of_o their_o common_a cause_n give_v the_o first_o date_n in_o this_o year_n of_o 1566_o to_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o low-countries_n but_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o rich_a of_o the_o people_n in_o the_o city_n though_o unsatisfied_a with_o the_o government_n yet_o feel_v the_o effect_n and_o abhor_v the_o rage_n of_o popular_a tumult_n as_o the_o worst_a mischief_n that_o can_v befall_v any_o state_n and_o encourage_v by_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o king_n concession_n begin_v to_o unite_v their_o counsel_n and_o force_n with_o those_o of_o the_o governess_n and_o to_o employ_v themselves_o both_o with_o great_a vigour_n and_o loyalty_n for_o suppress_v the_o late_a insurrection_n that_o have_v seize_v upon_o many_o and_o shake_v most_o of_o the_o city_n of_o the_o province_n in_o which_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o count_n egmont_n be_v great_a instrument_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o great_a charge_n one_o be_v governor_n of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n and_o the_o other_o of_o flanders_n but_o more_o by_o the_o general_a love_n and_o confidence_n of_o the_o people_n till_o by_o the_o reduce_n valenciens_fw-fr maestricht_n and_o the_o burse_n by_o arm_n the_o submission_n of_o antwerp_n and_o other_o town_n the_o defection_n of_o count_n egmont_n from_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o confederate_a lord_n as_o they_o be_v call_v the_o retreat_z of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n into_o germany_n and_o the_o death_n of_o brederode_n with_o the_o news_n and_o preparation_n of_o king_n philip_n sudden_a journey_n into_o the_o low-countries_n as_o well_o as_o the_o prudence_n and_o moderation_n of_o the_o duchess_n in_o govern_v all_o these_o circumstance_n the_o whole_a estate_n of_o the_o province_n be_v perfect_o restore_v to_o its_o former_a peace_n obedience_n and_o at_o least_o appearance_n of_o loyalty_n king_n philip_n whether_o have_v never_o real_o decree_v his_o journey_n into_o flanders_n or_o divert_v by_o the_o pacification_n of_o the_o province_n and_o apprehension_n of_o the_o moor_n rebel_a in_o spain_n or_o a_o distrust_n of_o his_o son_n prince_n charles_n his_o violent_a passion_n and_o disposition_n or_o the_o expectation_n of_o what_o have_v be_v resolve_v at_o bayonne_n grow_v ripe_a for_o execution_n in_o france_n give_v over_o the_o discourse_n of_o see_v the_o low-countries_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n take_v up_o the_o resolution_n for_o dispatch_v the_o duke_n of_o alva_n thither_o at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o veterane_n spanish_a and_o italian_a troop_n for_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o governess_n the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n the_o suppress_n and_o punishment_n of_o all_o who_o have_v be_v author_n or_o fomentor_n of_o the_o late_a sedition_n this_o result_n be_v put_v sudden_o in_o execution_n though_o whole_o against_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n in_o flanders_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o feria_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a minister_n in_o spain_n who_o think_v the_o present_a peace_n of_o the_o province_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v invade_v by_o new_a occasion_n nor_o the_o royal_a authority_n lessen_v by_o be_v make_v a_o party_n in_o a_o war_n upon_o his_o subject_n nor_o a_o minister_n employ_v where_o he_o be_v so_o profess_o both_o hate_v and_o hate_a as_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n in_o the_o low-countries_n but_o the_o king_n be_v unmovable_a so_o that_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n 1567._o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n arrive_v there_o with_o a_o army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o the_o best_a spanish_n and_o italian_a soldier_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o choice_a officer_n which_o the_o war_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o or_o philip_n the_o second_o have_v breed_v up_o in_o europe_n which_o with_o two_o thousand_o germane_a the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n have_v raise_v in_o the_o last_o tumult_n and_o under_o the_o command_n of_o so_o old_a and_o renown_a a_o general_n as_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n make_v up_o a_o force_n which_o nothing_o in_o the_o low-countries_n can_v look_v in_o the_o face_n with_o other_o eye_n than_o of_o astonishment_n submission_n or_o despair_n upon_o the_o first_o report_n of_o this_o expedition_n the_o trading-people_n of_o the_o town_n and_o country_n begin_v in_o vast_a number_n to_o retire_v out_o of_o the_o province_n so_o as_o the_o duchess_n write_v to_o the_o king_n that_o in_o few_o day_n above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n have_v leave_v the_o country_n and_o withdraw_v both_o their_o money_n and_o good_n and_o more_o be_v follow_v every_o day_n so_o great_a antipathy_n there_o ever_o appear_v between_o merchant_n and_o soldier_n whilst_o one_o pretend_v to_o be_v safe_a under_o law_n which_o the_o other_o pretend_v shall_v be_v subject_a to_o his_o sword_n and_o his_o will._n and_o upon_o the_o first_o action_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n after_o his_o arrival_n which_o be_v the_o seize_v count_n egmont_n and_o horn_n as_o well_o as_o the_o suspect_a death_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o berghen_n and_o imprisonment_n of_o montigny_n in_o spain_n whither_o some_o month_n before_o they_o have_v be_v send_v
and_o suspicion_n soon_o break_v out_o between_o leicester_n and_o the_o state_n partly_o from_o the_o jealousy_n of_o his_o affect_v a_o absolute_a dominion_n and_o arbitrary_a disposal_n of_o all_o office_n but_o chief_o of_o the_o queen_n intention_n to_o make_v a_o peace_n with_o spain_n and_o the_o easy_a loss_n of_o some_o of_o their_o town_n by_o governor_n place_v in_o they_o by_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n increase_v their_o discontent_n notwithstanding_o this_o ill_a intercourse_n the_o queen_n re-assures_a they_o in_o both_o those_o point_n disapprove_v some_o of_o leicester_n proceed_n receive_v franc_fw-la and_o hearty_a assistance_n from_o they_o in_o her_o naval_a preparation_n against_o the_o spaniard_n and_o at_o length_n upon_o the_o disorder_v increase_a between_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n and_o the_o state_n command_v he_o to_o resign_v his_o government_n and_o release_v the_o state_n of_o the_o oath_n they_o have_v take_v to_o obey_v he_o and_o after_o all_o this_o have_v past_a the_o queen_n easy_o sacrifice_v all_o particular_a resentment_n to_o the_o interest_n of_o her_o crown_n continue_v her_o favour_n protection_n and_o assistance_n to_o the_o state_n during_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o her_o reign_n which_o be_v return_v with_o the_o great_a deference_n and_o veneration_n to_o her_o person_n that_o be_v ever_o pay_v by_o they_o to_o any_o foreign_a prince_n and_o continue_v still_o to_o her_o name_n in_o the_o remembrance_n and_o frequent_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n among_o they_o after_o leicester_n departure_n prince_n maurice_n be_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o union_n choose_v their_o governor_n but_o with_o a_o reservation_n to_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o enter_v that_o command_n with_o the_o hope_n which_o he_o make_v good_a in_o the_o execution_n of_o it_o for_o many_o year_n prove_v the_o great_a captain_n of_o his_o age_n famous_a particular_o in_o the_o discipline_n and_o ordnance_n of_o his_o army_n and_o the_o way_n of_o fortification_n by_o he_o first_o invent_v or_o perfect_v and_o since_o his_o time_n imitate_v by_o all_o but_o the_o great_a breath_n that_o be_v give_v the_o state_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o their_o affair_n be_v by_o the_o sharp_a war_n make_v by_o queen_n elizabeth_n upon_o the_o spaniard_n at_o sea_n in_o the_o indies_n and_o the_o expedition_n of_o lisbon_n and_o cadiz_n and_o by_o the_o declining-affair_n of_o the_o league_n in_o france_n for_o who_o support_n philip_n the_o second_o be_v so_o passionate_o engage_v that_o twice_o he_o command_v the_o duke_n of_o parma_n to_o interrupt_v the_o course_n of_o his_o victory_n in_o the_o low-countries_n and_o march_v into_o france_n for_o the_o relief_n of_o rouen_n and_o paris_n which_o much_o augment_v the_o renown_n of_o this_o great_a captain_n but_o as_o much_o impair_v the_o state_n of_o the_o spanish_a affair_n in_o flanders_n for_o in_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n absence_n prince_n maurice_n take_v in_o all_o the_o place_n hold_v by_o the_o spaniard_n on_o other_o side_n the_o rhine_n which_o give_v they_o entrance_n into_o the_o unite_a province_n the_o succession_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n give_v a_o mighty_a blow_n to_o the_o design_n of_o king_n philip_n and_o much_o great_a the_o general_a obedience_n and_o acknowledgement_n of_o he_o upon_o his_o change_n of_o religion_n with_o this_o king_n the_o state_n begin_v to_o enter_v a_o confidence_n and_o kindness_n and_o the_o more_o by_o that_o which_o intercede_v between_o he_o and_o the_o queen_n of_o england_n who_o have_v all_o their_o dependence_n during_o her_o life_n but_o after_o her_o death_n king_n henry_n grow_v to_o have_v great_a credit_n than_o ever_o in_o the_o unite_a province_n though_o upon_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o spanish_a power_n under_o the_o ascendent_n of_o this_o king_n the_o state_n fall_v into_o very_o early_a jealousy_n of_o his_o grow_v too_o great_a and_o too_o near_o they_o in_o flanders_n with_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n die_v all_o the_o discipline_n and_o with_o that_o all_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o spanish_a arm_n in_o flanders_n the_o frequent_a mutiny_n of_o their_o soldier_n dangerous_a in_o effect_n and_o in_o example_n be_v more_o talk_v of_o than_o any_o other_o of_o their_o action_n in_o the_o short_a government_n of_o manstsield_n ernest_n and_o fuentes_n till_o the_o old_a discipline_n of_o their_o army_n begin_v to_o revive_v and_o their_o fortune_n a_o little_a to_o respire_v under_o the_o new_a government_n of_o cardinal_n albert_n who_o come_v into_o flanders_n both_o governor_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o low-countries_n in_o the_o head_n of_o a_o mighty_a army_n draw_v out_o of_o germany_n and_o italy_n to_o try_v the_o last_o effort_n of_o the_o spanish_a power_n either_o in_o a_o prosperous_a war_n or_o at_o least_o in_o make_v way_n for_o a_o necessary_a peace_n but_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o archduke_n and_o this_o new_a authority_n have_v a_o deep_a root_n and_o design_n than_o at_o first_o appear_v for_o that_o mighty_a king_n philip_z the_o second_o bear_v to_o so_o vast_a possession_n and_o to_o so_o much_o vast_a desire_n after_o a_o long_a dream_n of_o raise_v his_o head_n into_o the_o cloud_n find_v it_o now_o ready_a to_o lie_v down_o in_o the_o dust_n his_o body_n break_v with_o age_n and_o infirmity_n his_o mind_n with_o care_n and_o distemper_a thought_n and_o the_o royal_a servitude_n of_o a_o solicitous_a life_n he_o begin_v to_o see_v in_o the_o glass_n of_o time_n and_o experience_n the_o true_a shape_n of_o all_o human_a greatness_n and_o design_n and_o find_v to_o what_o airy_a figure_n he_o have_v hitherto_o sacrifice_v his_o health_n and_o ease_n and_o the_o good_a of_o his_o life_n he_o now_o turn_v his_o thought_n whole_o to_o rest_n and_o quiet_a which_o he_o have_v never_o yet_o allow_v either_o the_o world_n or_o himself_o his_o design_n upon_o england_n and_o his_o invincible_a armada_n have_v end_v in_o smoke_n those_o upon_o france_n in_o event_n the_o most_o contrary_a to_o what_o he_o have_v propose_v and_o instead_o of_o master_v the_o liberty_n and_o break_v the_o stomach_n of_o his_o low-country_n subject_n he_o have_v lose_v seven_o of_o his_o province_n and_o hold_v the_o rest_n by_o the_o tenure_n of_o a_o war_n that_o cost_v he_o more_o than_o they_o be_v worth_a he_o have_v make_v late_o a_o peace_n with_o england_n and_o desire_v it_o with_o france_n and_o though_o he_o scorn_v it_o with_o his_o revolt_a subject_n in_o his_o own_o name_n yet_o he_o wish_v it_o in_o another_o and_o be_v unwilling_a to_o entail_v a_o quarrel_n upon_o his_o son_n which_o have_v cross_v his_o fortune_n and_o busy_v his_o thought_n all_o the_o course_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o therefore_o resolve_v to_o commit_v these_o two_o design_n to_o the_o management_n of_o archduke_n albert_n with_o the_o stile_n of_o governor_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o low-countries_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o he_o can_v reduce_v the_o province_n to_o their_o old_a subjection_n he_o shall_v govern_v they_o as_o spanish_a dominion_n if_o that_o be_v once_o more_o in_o vain_a attempt_v he_o shall_v by_o a_o marriage_n with_o clara_n isabel_n eugenia_n king_n philip_n belove_a daughter_n receive_v those_o province_n as_o a_o dowry_n and_o become_v the_o prince_n of_o they_o with_o a_o condition_n only_o of_o their_o return_v to_o spain_n in_o case_n of_o isabella_n die_v without_o issue_n king_n philip_n believe_v that_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o natural_a prince_n among_o his_o subject_n that_o the_o birth_n and_o custom_n of_o archduke_n albert_n be_v a_o german_a the_o generous_a and_o oblige_a disposition_n of_o isabel_n may_v gain_v further_o upon_o this_o stubborn_a people_n than_o all_o the_o force_n and_o rigour_n of_o his_o former_a counsel_n and_o at_o the_o worst_a that_o they_o may_v make_v a_o peace_n if_o they_o can_v not_o a_o war_n and_o without_o interess_v the_o honour_n and_o greatness_n of_o the_o spanish_a crown_n in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o determination_n like_o a_o wise_a king_n while_o he_o intend_v nothing_o but_o peace_n he_o make_v preparation_n as_o if_o he_o design_v nothing_o but_o war_n know_v that_o his_o own_o desire_n of_o peace_n will_v signify_v nothing_o unless_o he_o can_v force_v his_o enemy_n to_o desire_v it_o too_o he_o therefore_o send_v the_o archduke_n into_o flanders_n at_o the_o head_n of_o such_o a_o army_n that_o believe_v the_o peace_n with_o france_n must_v be_v the_o first_o in_o order_n and_o make_v way_n for_o either_o the_o war_n or_o peace_n afterward_o in_o the_o low-countries_n he_o march_v into_o france_n and_o take_v amiens_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o picardy_n and_o thereby_o give_v such_o a_o alarm_n to_o the_o french_a court_n as_o they_o little_o expect_v and_o have_v never_o receive_v in_o the_o
former_a war_n but_o while_o albert_n bend_v the_o whole_a force_n of_o the_o war_n upon_o france_n till_o he_o determine_v it_o in_o a_o peace_n with_o that_o crown_n prince_n maurice_n who_o have_v take_v groningue_n in_o the_o time_n of_o ernest_n now_o master_v linghen_n groll_n and_o other_o place_n in_o overyssel_n thereby_o add_v those_o province_n entire_a to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o union_n and_o at_o albert_n return_n into_o flanders_n entertain_v he_o with_o the_o battle_n of_o newport_n win_v by_o the_o desperate_a courage_n of_o the_o english_a under_o sir_n francis_n vere_n where_o albert_n be_v wound_v and_o very_a near_o be_v take_v after_o this_o loss_n the_o archduke_n be_v yet_o comfort_v and_o relieve_v by_o the_o obsequious_a affection_n and_o obedience_n of_o his_o new_a subject_n so_o far_o as_o to_o resolve_v upon_o the_o siege_n of_o ostend_n which_o have_v some_o time_n continue_v and_o be_v almost_o dishearten_v by_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n and_o invincible_a courage_n of_o the_o defendant_n he_o be_v recruit_v by_o a_o body_n of_o eight_o thousand_o italian_n under_o the_o marquis_n spinola_n to_o who_o the_o prosecution_n of_o this_o siege_n be_v commit_v he_o take_v the_o place_n after_o three_o year_n siege_n not_o by_o any_o want_n of_o man_n or_o provision_n within_o the_o haven_n and_o relief_n by_o sea_n be_v open_a all_o the_o time_n but_o perfect_o for_o want_v of_o ground_n which_o be_v gain_v foot_n by_o foot_n till_o not_o so_o much_o be_v leave_v as_o will_v hold_v man_n to_o defend_v it_o a_o great_a example_n how_o impossible_a it_o be_v to_o defend_v any_o town_n that_o can_v be_v relieve_v by_o a_o army_n strong_a enough_o to_o raise_v the_o siege_n prince_n maurice_n though_o he_o can_v not_o save_v ostend_n make_v yet_o amends_o for_o its_o loss_n by_o the_o take_n of_o grave_a and_o sluice_n so_o as_o the_o spaniard_n gain_v little_a but_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o enterprise_n and_o philip_n the_o second_o be_v dead_a about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o archduke_n and_o duchess_n arrival_n in_o flanders_n and_o with_o he_o the_o personal_a resentment_n of_o that_o war_n the_o archduke_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o spanish_a court_n begin_v to_o apply_v his_o thought_n whole_o to_o a_o peace_n which_o another_o circumstance_n have_v make_v more_o necessary_a than_o any_o of_o those_o already_o mention_v as_o the_o dutch_a commonwealth_n be_v bear_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n so_o out_o of_o the_o same_o element_n it_o draw_v its_o first_o strength_n and_o consideration_n as_o well_o as_o afterward_o its_o riches_n and_o greatness_n for_o before_o the_o revolt_n the_o subject_n of_o the_o low-countries_n though_o never_o allow_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o indies_n but_o in_o the_o spanish_a fleet_n and_o under_o spanish_a covert_n yet_o many_o of_o they_o have_v in_o that_o manner_n make_v the_o voyage_n and_o become_v skilful_a pilot_n as_o well_o as_o verse_v in_o the_o way_n and_o sensible_a of_o the_o infinite_a gain_n of_o that_o trade_n and_o after_o the_o union_n a_o great_a confluence_n of_o people_n fall_v down_o into_o the_o unite_a province_n than_o can_v manage_v their_o stock_n or_o find_v employment_n at_o land_n great_a multitude_n turn_v their_o endeavour_n to_o sea_n and_o have_v lose_v the_o trade_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o straits_n fall_v not_o only_o into_o that_o of_o england_n france_n and_o the_o northern_a sea_n but_o venture_v upon_o that_o of_o the_o east-indies_n at_o first_o with_o small_a force_n and_o success_n but_o in_o course_n of_o time_n and_o by_o the_o institution_n of_o a_o east-india_n company_n this_o come_v to_o be_v pursue_v with_o so_o general_a application_n of_o the_o province_n and_o so_o great_a advantage_n that_o they_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o most_o of_o the_o colony_n and_o fort_n plant_v there_o by_o the_o portuguess_n now_o subject_n of_o spain_n the_o dutch_a seaman_n grow_v as_o well_o acquaint_v with_o those_o vast_a sea_n and_o coast_n as_o with_o their_o own_o and_o holland_n become_v the_o great_a magazine_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o those_o eastern_a region_n in_o the_o west-indies_n their_o attempt_n be_v neither_o so_o frequent_a nor_o prosperous_a the_o spanish_a plantation_n there_o be_v too_o numerous_a and_o strong_a but_o by_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o ship_n set_v out_o with_o public_a or_o private_a commission_n they_o infest_a the_o sea_n and_o begin_v to_o wait_v for_o and_o threaten_v the_o spanish_a indian_a fleet_n and_o sometime_o to_o attempt_v their_o coast_n in_o that_o new_a world_n which_o be_v to_o touch_v spain_n in_o the_o most_o sensible_a part_n and_o give_v their_o court_n the_o strong_a motive_n to_o endeavour_v a_o peace_n that_o may_v secure_v those_o treasure_n in_o their_o way_n and_o preserve_v they_o in_o spain_n by_o stop_v the_o issue_n of_o those_o vast_a sum_n which_o be_v continual_o transmit_v to_o entertain_v the_o low-country_n war_n these_o respect_n give_v the_o first_o rise_v to_o a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n the_o proposal_n whereof_o come_v whole_o from_o the_o spaniard_n and_o the_o very_a mention_n of_o it_o can_v hardly_o at_o first_o be_v fasten_v upon_o the_o state_n nor_o can_v they_o ever_o be_v prevail_v with_o to_o make_v way_n for_o any_o negotiation_n by_o a_o suspension_n of_o arm_n till_o the_o archduke_n have_v declare_v he_o will_v treat_v with_o they_o as_o with_o free_a province_n upon_o who_o neither_o he_o nor_o spain_n have_v any_o pretence_n however_o the_o affair_n be_v pursue_v with_o so_o much_o art_n and_o industry_n on_o the_o archduke_n part_n and_o with_o so_o passionate_a desire_n of_o the_o spanish_a court_n to_o end_v this_o war_n that_o they_o be_v content_a to_o treat_v it_o at_o the_o hague_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o states-general_n and_o for_o the_o great_a honour_n and_o better_a conduct_n of_o the_o whole_a business_n appoint_v the_o four_o chief_a minister_n of_o the_o archduke_n their_o commissioner_n to_o attend_v and_o pursue_v it_o there_o who_o be_v their_o camp-master-general_n spinola_n the_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n and_o the_o two_o secretary_n of_o state_n and_o of_o war_n in_o flanders_n on_o the_o other_o side_n in_o holland_n all_o the_o pace_n towards_o this_o treaty_n be_v make_v with_o great_a coldness_n and_o arrogance_n raise_v punctillious-difficulty_n upon_o every_o word_n of_o the_o archduke_n declaration_n of_o treat_v they_o as_o free_a province_n and_o upon_o spain_n ratification_n of_o that_o form_n and_o force_v they_o to_o send_v express_v into_o spain_n upon_o every_o occasion_n and_o to_o attend_v the_o length_n of_o those_o return_n for_o the_o prosperous_a success_n of_o their_o arm_n at_o land_n in_o the_o course_n of_o above_o thirty_o year_n war_n and_o the_o mighty_a growth_n of_o their_o naval_a power_n and_o under_o that_o protection_n of_o their_o trade_n have_v make_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o their_o 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