reply_v it_o be_v not_o so_o wonderful_a for_o although_o say_v he_o we_o have_v violent_o and_o injurious_o oppress_v that_o nation_n yet_o it_o be_v manifest_o know_v that_o they_o be_v the_o lawful_a and_o original_a inheritor_n of_o that_o country_n but_o whilst_o the_o norman_n be_v thus_o carve_v for_o themselves_o in_o glamorgan_n and_o brecnock_n cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o april_n enter_v into_o dyve_v and_o have_v ravage_v and_o destroy_v the_o country_n return_v back_o but_o within_o eight_o week_n after_o there_o succeed_v he_o a_o more_o fatal_a enemy_n for_o the_o norman_n land_v in_o dyve_v and_o cardigan_n begin_v to_o fortify_v themselves_o in_o castle_n and_o other_o strong_a place_n and_o to_o inhabit_v the_o country_n upon_o the_o seashore_n which_o before_o be_v not_o in_o their_o possession_n indeed_o the_o norman_n have_v by_o the_o connivance_n of_o the_o conqueror_n already_o get_v into_o their_o hand_n all_o the_o best_a estate_n in_o england_n begin_v now_o to_o spy_v out_o the_o commodity_n of_o wales_n and_o perceive_v moreover_o how_o brave_o robert_n fitzhamon_n and_o barnard_n newmarch_n have_v speed_v there_o think_v they_o may_v as_o well_o expect_v the_o like_a fortune_n wherefore_o have_v obtain_v a_o grant_n from_o king_n william_n who_o ready_o consent_v to_o their_o request_n because_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o kill_v two_o bird_n with_o one_o stone_n procure_v to_o himself_o their_o utmost_a service_n upon_o occasion_n and_o withal_o provide_v for_o they_o without_o any_o charge_n to_o himself_o they_o come_v to_o wales_n and_o so_o enter_v upon_o the_o estate_n appoint_v they_o by_o the_o king_n which_o they_o hold_v of_o he_o by_o knight-service_n have_v first_o do_v homage_n and_o swear_a fealty_n for_o the_o same_o roger_n montgomery_n earl_n of_o arundel_n do_v homage_n for_o the_o lordship_n of_o powis_n and_o card_n begin_v hugh_n lupus_n earl_n of_o chester_n for_o tegengl_n and_o râ—fonioc_n together_o with_o all_o the_o land_n lie_v upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n to_o the_o river_n câ—nwey_n arnulph_n a_o young_a son_n of_o roger_n montgomery_n for_o dyve_v barnard_n newmarch_n for_o brecnock_n ralph_n mortimer_n for_o eluel_n hugh_z de_fw-fr lacie_n for_o the_o land_n of_o ewyas_n eustace_n omer_n for_o mold_n and_o hapredale_n and_o several_a other_o do_v the_o like_a homage_n for_o other_o land_n but_o roger_n montgomery_n who_o by_o the_o conqueror_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o shrewsbury_n enter_v in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n into_o powys-land_n and_o have_v win_v the_o castle_n and_o town_n of_o baldwyn_n fortify_v it_o in_o his_o own_o right_n and_o call_v it_o montgomery_n after_o his_o own_o name_n king_n william_n of_o england_n be_v now_o in_o normandy_n and_o busy_o engage_v in_o a_o war_n against_o his_o brother_n robert_n by_o the_o advantage_n of_o who_o absence_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n and_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n who_o now_o rule_v in_o south_n wales_n with_o joint_a force_n enter_v into_o cardigan_n and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o norman_n who_o pride_n and_o excessive_a cruelty_n towards_o the_o welsh_a be_v altogether_o intolerable_a but_o after_o sufficient_a execution_n there_o be_v return_v home_o the_o norman_n send_v for_o more_o aid_n from_o england_n which_o be_v arrive_v they_o think_v to_o make_v a_o private_a inroad_n into_o north-wales_n and_o so_o to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o the_o welsh_a but_o their_o design_n be_v happy_o discover_v to_o cadogan_n he_o draw_v up_o his_o force_n to_o meet_v they_o and_o then_o unexpected_o set_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o forest_n of_o yspys_n after_o a_o very_a warm_a resistment_n of_o the_o norman_n side_n force_v they_o to_o retire_v by_o slight_a and_o then_o triumphant_o march_v through_o cardigan_n and_o dyve_v he_o destroy_v all_o the_o castle_n and_o fortification_n in_o the_o country_n beside_o pembrock_n and_o rydcor_n which_o prove_v too_o strong_a and_o impregnable_a a.d._n 1093_o the_o next_o year_n the_o norman_n who_o inhabit_v the_o country_n of_o glamorgan_n fall_v upon_o and_o destroy_v the_o country_n of_o gwyr_n kidwely_n and_o ysâ—â—âd_o tywy_a which_o they_o harrass_v in_o such_o a_o cruel_a manner_n that_o they_o leave_v they_o bare_a of_o any_o people_n to_o inhabit_v and_o to_o increase_v as_o it_o be_v think_v the_o misery_n of_o the_o welsh_a king_n william_n rufus_n be_v inform_v of_o the_o great_a slaughter_n which_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n and_o the_o son_n of_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n have_v late_o commit_v upon_o the_o english_a as_o well_o within_o cheshire_n shropshire_n worcestershire_n and_o herefordshire_n as_o within_o wales_n enter_v the_o country_n at_o montgomery_n which_o place_n the_o welsh_a have_v sometime_o since_o demolish_v king_n william_n late_o rebuilt_a but_o the_o welsh_a keep_v all_o the_o passage_n through_o the_o wood_n and_o river_n and_o all_o other_o strait_n so_o close_o that_o the_o king_n can_v effect_v nothing_o considerable_a against_o they_o and_o therefore_o when_o he_o perceive_v that_o his_o labour_n be_v but_o lose_v in_o continue_v in_o those_o part_n he_o forthwith_o decamp_v and_o return_v with_o no_o great_a honour_n back_o to_o england_n but_o this_o retreat_n of_o king_n william_n be_v not_o altogether_o so_o favourable_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o a.d._n 1094_o welsh_a as_o the_o death_n of_o william_n fitz-baldwyn_n who_o be_v owner_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o rydcor_n and_o do_v the_o great_a mischief_n and_o hurt_n to_o the_o south-wales_n man_n of_o any_o other_o he_o be_v dead_a the_o garrison_n of_o rydcor_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o keep_v the_o welsh_a in_o continual_a a_o we_o forsake_v that_o place_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n give_v opportunity_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o gwyr_n brecnock_n gwent_n and_o gwentlhwe_v to_o shake_v off_o that_o intolerable_a yoke_n the_o norman_n force_v upon_o they_o who_o after_o they_o have_v robe_v they_o of_o their_o land_n keep_v they_o in_o perpetual_a subjection_n but_o now_o william_n fitz-baldwyn_n be_v dead_a and_o the_o garrison_n of_o rydcor_n scatter_v they_o venture_v to_o lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o the_o norman_n who_o think_v themselves_o free_a from_o all_o fear_n and_o prevail_v so_o successful_o that_o they_o drive_v they_o all_o out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o recover_v their_o own_o ancient_a estate_n but_o the_o norman_n like_v that_o country_n so_o well_o that_o they_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o be_v so_o easy_o befool_v out_o of_o what_o they_o have_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n and_o danger_n once_o possess_v and_o therefore_o have_v draw_v a_o great_a number_n of_o english_a and_o norman_n to_o their_o aid_n they_o be_v desirous_a to_o venture_v another_o touch_n with_o the_o welsh_a and_o to_o return_v if_o possible_a to_o their_o once_o acquire_v habitation_n but_o the_o welsh_a so_o abhor_v their_o pride_n and_o tyrannical_a dominion_n over_o they_o when_o they_o be_v master_n that_o they_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o â—e_v subject_a to_o such_o tyrant_n again_o and_o therefore_o they_o â—oldly_o meet_v they_o at_o a_o place_n call_v celly_n jarfawc_n and_o â—et_v upon_o they_o so_o manful_o the_o very_a apprehension_n of_o servitude_n whet_v their_o spirit_n that_o they_o put_v they_o â—o_o flight_n with_o great_a slaughter_n and_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o â—he_n country_n the_o norman_n however_o be_v not_o so_o absolute_o rout_v with_o this_o overthrow_n but_o like_o a_o fly_n in_o the_o night_n which_o destroy_v itself_o in_o the_o candle_n they_o must_v needs_o covet_v their_o own_o destruction_n their_o greediness_n egg_v they_o on_o to_o venture_v with_o few_o what_o be_v not_o practicable_a to_o be_v effect_v by_o many_o therefore_o they_o come_v as_o far_o as_o brecnock_v with_o this_o absolute_a â—ow_o and_o resolution_n not_o to_o leave_v one_o live_a thing_n remain_v in_o that_o country_n but_o they_o fall_v short_a of_o their_o policy_n the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v remove_v to_o a_o narrow_a streight_n to_o expect_v their_o pass_v through_o whither_o the_o norman_n be_v advance_v they_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o kill_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o about_o the_o same_o time_n roger_n montgomery_n earl_n of_o salop_n and_o arundel_n william_n fitzeustace_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n arnold_n de_fw-fr harecourt_n and_o neal_n le_fw-fr viscount_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o welsh_a between_o caerdà f_n and_o brecnock_v and_o walter_n eureux_fw-fr earl_n of_o sarum_n rosmer_n and_o mantiâ—ake_v hugh_n earl_n of_o gourney_n be_v wound_v who_o afterward_o die_v in_o normandy_n the_o norman_n find_v that_o they_o continual_o lose_v ground_n think_v it_o not_o advisable_v to_o stay_v any_o long_o and_o therefore_o have_v place_v sufficient_a garrison_n in_o those_o castle_n which_o they_o have_v former_o build_v they_o return_v with_o what_o speed_n they_o
to_o apprehend_v he_o but_o gruffydh_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n being_n aware_a of_o the_o trap_n lay_v against_o he_o send_v to_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n desire_v his_o assistance_n and_o that_o he_o may_v have_v liberty_n to_o remain_v safe_a in_o his_o country_n which_o gruffydh_n for_o his_o father_n account_n ready_o grant_v and_o treat_v he_o honourable_o a_o little_a after_o his_o brother_n howel_n who_o be_v imprison_v by_o ardulph_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o montgomery_n where_o he_o have_v remain_v for_o a_o great_a while_n make_v his_o escape_n and_o flee_v to_o his_o brother_n then_o with_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n in_o north-wales_n but_o king_n henry_n be_v inform_v that_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n and_o his_o brother_n howel_n be_v entertain_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n send_v very_o smooth_a letter_n to_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n desire_v to_o speak_v with_o he_o who_o be_v come_v he_o receive_v he_o with_o all_o the_o token_n of_o honour_n and_o friendship_n and_o bestow_v upon_o he_o very_o rich_a present_n just_a after_o the_o norman_a policy_n who_o usual_o make_v very_o much_o of_o those_o who_o they_o design_v afterward_o to_o be_v serviceable_a to_o they_o after_o some_o time_n be_v general_a discourse_n king_n henry_n come_v at_o length_n to_o the_o main_a point_n and_o promise_v the_o prince_n even_o mountain_n of_o gold_n in_o case_n he_o will_v send_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n or_o his_o head_n to_o he_o which_o the_o prince_n overcome_v by_o such_o fair_a word_n and_o large_a promise_n promise_v to_o perform_v and_o so_o return_v joyful_o home_o big_a with_o the_o expectation_n of_o his_o future_a reward_n but_o some_o who_o wish_v better_a to_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n and_o his_o brother_n howel_n present_o suspect_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o king_n message_n and_o therefore_o they_o advise_v they_o to_o withdraw_v themselves_o private_o for_o some_o time_n till_o prince_n gruffydh_n mind_n be_v better_o understand_v and_o whether_o he_o have_v make_v any_o agreement_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o betray_v they_o to_o he_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o prince_n be_v return_v to_o his_o palace_n at_o aberffraw_n he_o present_o inquire_v for_o gruffydh_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n and_o learning_n in_o a_o little_a time_n where_o he_o be_v he_o send_v a_o troop_n of_o horse_n to_o recall_n he_o to_o his_o court_n but_o gruffydh_n hear_v of_o their_o approach_n with_o all_o speed_n make_v his_o escape_n to_o the_o church_n of_o aberdaron_n and_o take_v sanctuary_n there_o but_o prince_n gruffydh_n be_v so_o resolute_a to_o make_v his_o promise_n good_a to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n that_o without_o any_o respect_n to_o the_o religious_a place_n he_o have_v escape_v too_o command_v the_o same_o messenger_n to_o return_v and_o to_o bring_v he_o away_o by_o force_n which_o the_o clergy_n of_o the_o country_n unanimous_o withstand_v protest_v that_o they_o will_v not_o see_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o least_o infringe_v and_o whilst_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o prince_n officer_n be_v thus_o at_o debate_n that_o same_o night_n some_o who_o have_v compassion_n upon_o the_o young_a prince_n and_o see_v how_o greedy_o his_o life_n be_v thirst_v for_o convey_v he_o away_o out_o of_o north-wales_n to_o straywy_a in_o south-wales_n and_o so_o be_v deliver_v from_o the_o treacherous_a and_o more_o dishonourable_a practice_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o north_n wales_n he_o be_v force_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o own_o life_n to_o bid_v open_a defiance_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o thereupon_o have_v raise_v all_o the_o force_n which_o the_o shortness_n of_o the_o opportunity_n will_v permit_v he_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o fleming_n and_o norman_n a.d._n 1113_o the_o next_o year_n he_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n which_o stand_v over-against_o arberth_n and_o win_v the_o same_o make_v it_o plain_a with_o the_o ground_n and_o from_o thence_o march_v to_o lhanymdhyfry_n castle_n belonging_z to_z richard_z de_fw-fr pwn_n upon_o who_o the_o king_n have_v bestow_v cantref_o bychan_n but_o the_o garrison_n command_v by_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi rytherch_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n so_o manful_o defend_v it_o that_o gruffydh_n after_o kill_v only_o some_o few_o of_o the_o besiege_a and_o burn_v the_o outwork_n be_v force_v to_o remove_v with_o no_o small_a loss_n of_o his_o own_o men._n find_v this_o place_n impregnable_a he_o come_v before_o abertawy-castle_n which_o be_v build_v by_o henry_n beaumond_n earl_n of_o warwick_n but_o this_o prove_v too_o strong_a to_o be_v quick_o surrender_v after_o he_o have_v burn_v some_o of_o the_o outward_a building_n he_o return_v to_o stratywy_a burn_a and_o destroy_v all_o the_o country_n as_o he_o go_v along_o and_o now_o his_o fame_n be_v spread_v abroad_o through_o all_o the_o country_n all_o the_o wild_a and_o headstrong_a youth_n and_o they_o who_o fortune_n be_v desperate_a resort_v unto_o he_o from_o all_o part_n by_o which_o mean_v be_v wax_v strong_a and_o numerous_a he_o make_v in_o roads_n into_o ros_n and_o dyfe_v spoil_v and_o destroy_v the_o country_n before_o he_o the_o norman_n and_o fleming_n be_v cruel_o enrage_v with_o these_o continual_a depredation_n and_o how_o to_o remedy_v this_o mischief_n be_v not_o easy_o determine_v but_o after_o long_a consultation_n they_o think_v it_o the_o best_a way_n to_o call_v together_o such_o welsh_a lord_n as_o be_v friend_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n such_o be_v owen_n ap_fw-mi rhytherch_n and_o rhytherch_v ap_fw-mi theodore_n with_o his_o son_n meredith_n and_o owen_n who_o mother_n be_v heynyth_n the_o daughter_n of_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n and_o owen_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n the_o son_n of_o gwenlhian_n another_o daughter_n of_o blethyn_n and_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi rhytherch_n these_o protest_v their_o loyalty_n and_o fidelity_n to_o king_n henry_n be_v desire_v to_o defend_v the_o king_n castle_n of_o carmardhyn_n and_o that_o by_o turn_n owen_z ap_fw-mi caradoc_n the_o first_o fortnight_n and_o then_o by_o succession_n by_o rhytherch_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n and_o meredith_n the_o ap_fw-mi rhytherch_n owen_n undertake_v the_o defence_n of_o carmardhyn_n castle_n for_o the_o time_n require_v of_o he_o and_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi gadifor_n have_v commit_v to_o he_o the_o government_n of_o abercomyn_n or_o abercorran-castle_n which_o appertain_v to_o robert_n courtmain_n but_o for_o all_o these_o preparation_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi râ—ys_fw-mi have_v a_o wishful_a eye_n upon_o carmardhyn_n and_o therefore_o he_o send_v out_o some_o spy_n to_o learn_v the_o strength_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o town_n who_o bring_v he_o a_o very_a kind_n and_o hopeful_a account_n he_o decamp_v by_o night_n and_o rush_v sudden_o into_o the_o town_n order_v his_o man_n to_o make_v a_o great_a shout_n thereby_o to_o strike_v a_o great_a terror_n into_o those_o within_o owen_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n the_o governor_n be_v surprise_v with_o such_o a_o unexpected_a uproar_n make_v all_o possible_a haste_n to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o have_v hear_v the_o shout_n and_o think_v that_o his_o man_n be_v at_o his_o heel_n fall_v in_o among_o the_o enemy_n but_o have_v none_o to_o support_v he_o his_o man_n be_v all_o flee_v he_o be_v after_o a_o manful_a defence_n cut_v in_o piece_n and_o so_o the_o town_n be_v take_v gruffydh_n burn_v every_o thing_n to_o the_o ground_n except_v the_o castle_n which_o be_v also_o sore_o deface_v and_o then_o return_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o spoil_n and_o booty_n to_o his_o usual_a residence_n at_o stratywy_a his_o force_n be_v considerable_o increase_v by_o the_o accession_n of_o many_o stout_a young_a man_n who_o come_v to_o he_o from_o all_o quarter_n and_o think_v that_o fortune_n so_o prosper_v his_o arm_n that_o no_o body_n be_v able_a to_o stand_v before_o he_o after_o this_o he_o march_v to_o gwyr_n but_o william_n de_fw-fr londres_n think_v it_o impossible_a to_o stand_v before_o he_o forsake_v the_o castle_n with_o all_o his_o man_n in_o all_o haste_n so_o that_o when_o gruffydh_n be_v come_v thither_o he_o find_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o cattle_n and_o spoil_n and_o none_o to_o own_o they_o and_o therefore_o have_v burn_v down_o the_o castle_n he_o carry_v away_o every_o thing_n of_o value_n in_o the_o country_n when_o the_o cardiganshire_n man_n hear_v how_o fortunate_o he_o succeed_v in_o all_o his_o attempt_n and_o be_v extreme_o fearful_a lest_o his_o next_o expedition_n shall_v be_v against_o they_o send_v to_o he_o desire_v he_o as_o be_v their_o near_a relation_n and_o country_n man_n to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n over_o they_o gruffydh_fw-mi willing_o accept_v of_o their_o offer_n and_o come_v thither_o be_v joyful_o receive_v by_o the_o chief_a man_n in_o the_o country_n who_o be_v cadifor_n ap_fw-mi grono_n howel_n ap_fw-mi
know_v deprive_v of_o his_o estate_n and_o banish_v the_o country_n also_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n prince_n of_o powis_n who_o malign_v the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n who_o own_a subjection_n to_o no_o other_o than_o the_o king_n of_o england_n whereas_o those_o of_o powis_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v homage_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v joint_o consent_v to_o this_o invitation_n the_o king_n of_o england_n accept_v of_o their_o proposal_n lead_v his_o army_n to_o west-chester_n and_o encamp_v upon_o the_o marsh_n call_v saltney_n in_o welsh_a morfa-caer-lleon_a prince_n owen_n all_o this_o while_n be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o this_o intend_a invasion_n and_o therefore_o have_v make_v all_o possible_a preparation_n to_o confront_v the_o enemy_n he_o march_v his_o army_n to_o the_o frontier_n of_o england_n and_o encamp_v at_o basingwerk_n resolve_v to_o give_v the_o english_a battle_n king_n henry_n understanding_n of_o the_o prince_n resolution_n detach_v some_o of_o the_o chief_a troop_n out_o of_o the_o main-body_n under_o the_o command_n of_o several_a earl_n and_o other_o lord_n and_o send_v they_o towards_o the_o prince_n camp_n but_o after_o they_o have_v advance_v some_o little_a way_n and_o be_v pass_v through_o a_o wood_n call_v coed-eulo_a david_n and_o conan_n prince_n owen_n son_n unexpected_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o what_o by_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o suddeness_n of_o the_o action_n the_o english_a be_v bear_v down_o with_o a_o great_a slaughter_n and_o those_o who_o survive_v narrow_o escape_v to_o the_o king_n camp_n this_o be_v a_o very_a unwelcome_a beginning_n to_o king_n henry_n but_o however_o in_o order_n to_o prosper_v better_a hereafter_o he_o think_v it_o advisable_v to_o decamp_v from_o saltney_n and_o to_o rank_v his_o troop_n along_o the_o sea-coast_n think_v thereby_o to_o get_v betwixt_o prince_n owen_n and_o his_o country_n which_o if_o he_o can_v effect_v he_o be_v sure_a to_o reduce_v the_o welsh_a to_o a_o very_a great_a inconveniency_n but_o the_o prince_n foresee_v the_o danger_n of_o this_o retire_v with_o his_o army_n to_o a_o place_n call_v cîl_a owen_n that_o be_v owen_n retreat_n which_o when_o king_n henry_n perceive_v he_o let_v fall_v his_o design_n 5._o lib._n 2._o cap._n 5._o and_o come_v to_o ruthlan_n w._n parnus_n write_v that_o in_o this_o expedition_n against_o the_o welsh_a king_n henry_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n in_o pass_v through_o a_o strait_a at_o counsylth_n near_o flint_n where_o henry_n earl_n of_o essex_n who_o by_o inheritance_n enjoy_v the_o office_n of_o bear_v the_o standard_n of_o england_n be_v overcharge_v by_o the_o enemy_n cast_v down_o the_o same_o and_o flee_v this_o accident_n so_o encourage_v the_o welsh_a that_o they_o bear_v on_o so_o violent_o that_o the_o king_n himself_o narrow_o escape_v have_v of_o his_o party_n eustace_n fitz-john_n and_o rob._n curcie_o two_o valiant_a knight_n together_z with_o several_z other_o of_o his_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n slay_v in_o the_o action_n after_o this_o prince_n owen_n decamp_v from_o cîl_n owen_n and_o entrench_v himself_o upon_o bryn_n y_fw-fr pin_n where_o little_a of_o moment_n pass_v betwixt_o the_o two_o army_n only_o some_o slight_a skirmish_n happen_v frequent_o king_n henry_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n and_o during_o his_o stay_n there_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n prince_n of_o powis_n sail_v with_o the_o english_a fleet_n to_o anglesey_n and_o have_v put_v some_o man_n on_o shore_n they_o burn_v two_o church_n and_o ravage_v part_n of_o the_o country_n about_o but_o they_o pay_v very_o dear_a for_o it_o for_o all_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o island_n be_v meet_v together_o they_o set_v upon_o they_o in_o their_o return_n to_o their_o ship_n and_o cut_v they_o off_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o not_o one_o remain_v to_o bring_v tiding_n to_o the_o fleet_n of_o what_o have_v befall_v they_o but_o they_o on_o board_n quick_o perceive_v what_o have_v happen_v and_o therefore_o think_v it_o not_o very_o safe_a harbour_v upon_o that_o coast_n but_o judge_v it_o more_o advisable_a to_o weigh_v anchor_n they_o present_o set_v sail_n for_o chester_n when_o they_o be_v arrive_v thither_o they_o find_v that_o a_o peace_n be_v actual_o conclude_v betwixt_o king_n henry_n and_o prince_n owen_n upon_o these_o article_n that_o cadwallader_n shall_v have_v all_o his_o land_n restore_v to_o he_o and_o he_o receive_v to_o the_o favour_n and_o friendship_n of_o his_o brother_n then_o king_n henry_n leave_v the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n and_o basingwerk_n well_o man_v and_o fortify_v and_o have_v near_o the_o latter_a found_v a_o public_a structure_n for_o the_o order_n of_o knight_n templar_n return_v to_o england_n but_o the_o trouble_n of_o wales_n do_v not_o end_v with_o he_o for_o jorwerdh_n goch_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n who_o have_v take_v part_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n during_o this_o war_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o yale_n which_o be_v build_v by_o prince_n owen_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o raze_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n the_o next_o year_n commence_v with_o a_o very_a unfortunate_a a.d._n 1157_o action_n ifor_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n have_v long_o before_o cast_v a_o very_a wishful_a eye_n upon_o the_o land_n and_o estate_n of_o morgan_n ab_fw-la owen_n be_v now_o resolve_v to_o put_v in_o execution_n what_o he_o have_v before_o contrive_v and_o as_o covetousness_n seldom_o bear_v any_o regard_n to_o virtue_n or_o honour_n he_o treacherous_o set_v upon_o he_o and_o slay_v he_o and_o with_o he_o fell_a gurgan_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n the_o most_o famous_a british_a poet_n of_o his_o time_n morgan_n estate_n ifor_n bestow_v upon_o his_o brother_n jorwerth_n who_o about_o the_o same_o time_n get_v also_o possession_n of_o the_o town_n of_o caerlheon_a but_o these_o inward_a and_o home-bread_n disturbance_n be_v quick_o mitigate_v by_o a_o general_a peace_n which_o be_v present_o after_o this_o conclude_v betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o all_o the_o prince_n and_o lord_n of_o wales_n rhys_n ab_fw-la gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n only_o except_v for_o this_o prince_n rhys_n who_o probable_o will_v not_o rely_v too_o far_o upon_o the_o king_n of_o england_n fidelity_n refuse_v to_o consent_n to_o a_o peace_n but_o however_o to_o secure_v himself_o the_o best_a he_o can_v from_o the_o english_a who_o he_o have_v no_o small_a reason_n to_o be_v afraid_a of_o he_o think_v it_o his_o best_a prudence_n to_o issue_n out_o his_o order_n command_v his_o subject_n to_o remove_v their_o cattle_n and_o other_o effect_n to_o the_o wilderness_n of_o tywy_n where_o they_o be_v like_a to_o remain_v secure_a from_o the_o eye_n and_o reach_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o he_o have_v not_o continue_v there_o long_o when_o he_o receive_v a_o more_o positive_a express_v from_o king_n henry_n command_v he_o to_o appear_v forthwith_o at_o his_o court_n and_o to_o accept_v of_o the_o proposal_n of_o peace_n before_o the_o joint_a force_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n be_v send_v to_o fetch_v he_o up_o prince_n rhys_n have_v receive_v such_o a_o threaten_a message_n think_v it_o now_o high_a time_n to_o repent_v of_o what_o he_o have_v afore_o so_o rash_o resolve_v upon_o and_o therefore_o after_o long_a consultation_n he_o judge_v it_o his_o wise_a way_n to_o accept_v of_o the_o king_n proposal_n and_o to_o appear_v at_o court_n there_o it_o be_v agree_v upon_o that_o rhys_n who_o land_n heretofore_o lay_v scatter_v about_o and_o be_v intermix_v with_o other_o person_n be_v estate_n shall_v enjoy_v cantref_o mawr_z and_o any_o other_o cantref_o which_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v please_v to_o bestow_v upon_o he_o but_o contrary_a to_o this_o article_n the_o king_n assign_v he_o several_a lordship_n and_o other_o land_n far_o remote_a from_o each_o other_o and_o particular_o intermix_v they_o with_o the_o estate_n of_o englishman_n who_o he_o be_v sure_a will_v be_v a_o watch_n and_o a_o curb_n to_o all_o the_o motion_n of_o prince_n rhys_n this_o be_v indeed_o a_o very_a politic_a contrivance_n or_o king_n henry_n to_o keep_v under_o the_o high_a and_o restless_a spirit_n of_o rhys_n but_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o action_n do_v not_o so_o evident_o appear_v in_o break_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a article_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o chap_a and_o bestow_v that_o which_o be_v not_o just_o in_o his_o power_n to_o give_v but_o it_o be_v manifest_o apparent_a that_o the_o english_a of_o these_o time_n be_v main_o concern_v right_a or_o wrong_n to_o oppress_v and_o keep_v under_o the_o welsh_a of_o who_o mortal_a hatred_n to_o subjection_n they_o have_v so_o frequent_o and_o so_o cruel_o feel_v prince_n rhys_n be_v not_o at_o all_o ignorant_a of_o these_o
news_n be_v bring_v he_o that_o gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powy_n be_v revolt_v and_o be_v become_v again_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n this_o unwelcome_a news_n strike_v very_o deep_a in_o the_o prince_n mind_n by_o reason_n that_o gwenwynwyn_n be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a power_n and_o strength_n in_o the_o country_n and_o go_v a_o great_a way_n to_o repel_v the_o incursion_n of_o the_o english_a upon_o the_o march_n which_o now_o he_o be_v go_v off_o can_v not_o he_o fear_v be_v so_o well_o effect_v but_o however_o to_o make_v the_o best_a of_o a_o bad_a market_n he_o endeavour_v to_o take_v he_o off_o from_o the_o english_a and_o to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o former_a allegiance_n due_a to_o himself_o as_o his_o natural_a prince_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o send_v to_o he_o some_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n to_o put_v he_o in_o mind_n of_o his_o oath_n and_o promise_n how_o that_o he_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o wales_n have_v oblige_v himself_o to_o oppose_v the_o english_a to_o the_o utmost_a of_o his_o power_n and_o have_v deliver_v pledge_n for_o the_o sure_a performance_n of_o what_o he_o have_v then_o by_o oath_n engage_v in_o and_o lest_o he_o shall_v have_v forget_v what_o he_o have_v then_o promise_v he_o be_v desire_v to_o read_v his_o own_o hand_n write_v whereby_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o he_o have_v very_o unjust_o violate_v both_o his_o oath_n and_o promise_n but_o all_o the_o rhetoric_n the_o bishop_n can_v make_v use_n of_o be_v not_o of_o force_n enough_o to_o work_v gwenwynwyn_n to_o reconciliation_n with_o the_o prince_n and_o a_o aversion_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o see_v nothing_o will_v do_v prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v resolve_v to_o make_v he_o incapable_a of_o serve_v the_o english_a and_o so_o enter_v powy_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n he_o subdue_v the_o whole_a country_n to_o himself_o gwenwynwyn_n be_v force_v to_o fly_v for_o succour_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n whilst_o these_o thing_n pass_v in_o wales_n lewis_n the_o dauphin_n of_o france_n be_v invite_v by_o the_o english_a baron_n against_o king_n john_n land_v in_o the_o island_n of_o thanet_n and_o march_v forward_o to_o london_n he_o there_o receive_v homage_n of_o all_o the_o baron_n that_o be_v in_o actual_a war_n against_o the_o king_n and_o then_o set_v forward_o to_o winchester_n where_o king_n john_n then_o lay_v he_o take_v in_o his_o way_n the_o castle_n of_o rygat_n guildford_n and_o farnham_n and_o come_v to_o winchester_n have_v the_o town_n present_o surrender_v to_o he_o king_n john_n do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o abide_v his_o come_n but_o remove_v to_o hereford_n in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n he_o send_v to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o reynold_n bruce_n desire_v their_o friendship_n and_o implore_v their_o aid_n and_o assistance_n against_o the_o french_a but_o they_o refuse_v to_o hearken_v to_o his_o proposal_n he_o destroy_v radnor_n and_o hay_n castle_n and_o march_v forward_o to_o oswestry_n which_o belong_v to_o john_n fitzalan_n he_o burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o then_o depart_v towards_o the_o north._n but_o after_o that_o he_o have_v settle_v his_o affair_n there_o and_o appoint_v governor_n in_o all_o the_o town_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n whilst_o he_o be_v make_v all_o necessary_a preparation_n at_o newark_n to_o confront_v the_o baron_n he_o fall_v sick_a and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o worcester_n after_o his_o death_n his_o son_n henry_n be_v by_o several_a of_o the_o english_a nobility_n proclaim_v king_n and_o in_o a_o little_a while_n most_o of_o the_o baron_n who_o upon_o their_o hatred_n to_o king_n john_n have_v maintain_v a_o open_a war_n against_o he_o come_v in_o and_o own_v their_o allegiance_n to_o his_o son_n henry_n though_o contrary_a to_o their_o oath_n to_o lewis_n the_o dauphine_n a.d._n 1217_o but_o what_o be_v most_o pernicious_a to_o the_o welsh_a reynald_n de_fw-fr bruce_n who_o have_v all_o this_o while_n maintain_v a_o confederacy_n with_o prince_n lhewelyn_n his_o father-in-law_n against_o king_n john_n underhand_o make_v his_o peace_n with_o king_n henry_n but_o he_o suffer_v severe_o for_o his_o treachery_n for_o young_a rhys_n and_o owen_n his_o nephew_n by_o his_o sister_n see_v that_o he_o in_o who_o they_o put_v their_o great_a confidence_n have_v deceitful_o forsake_v they_o come_v upon_o he_o with_o all_o their_o power_n and_o take_v from_o he_o all_o buelht_n except_v only_o the_o castle_n prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v present_o make_v acquaint_v with_o bruce_n revolt_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v inform_v that_o his_o son-in-law_n be_v go_v over_o to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n he_o go_v in_o great_a fury_n to_o brecknoc_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o town_n of_o aberhondhy_a he_o be_v with_o much_o ado_n prevail_v upon_o by_o young_a rhys_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n for_o the_o sum_n of_o a_o hundred_o mark_n and_o then_o cross_v the_o mountainous_a part_n of_o glamorgan_n call_v the_o black_a mountain_n where_o his_o carriage_n suffer_v very_o much_o he_o come_v to_o gwyr_n and_o encamp_v at_o lhangruc_n reynald_n bruce_n with_o six_o knight_n in_o his_o company_n come_v to_o meet_v he_o desire_v his_o pardon_n for_o his_o pass_a offence_n assure_v he_o that_o for_o the_o future_a he_o will_v be_v true_a and_o faithful_a to_o he_o and_o will_v to_o his_o endeavour_n assist_v he_o against_o the_o king_n of_o england_n prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v too_o good_a nature_a to_o reject_v his_o submission_n and_o so_o do_v not_o only_o receive_v he_o to_o his_o favour_n but_o bestow_v upon_o he_o also_o the_o castle_n of_o senghennyth_n which_o reynald_n commit_v to_o the_o custody_n of_o rhys_n fychan_n prince_n lhewelyn_n have_v settle_v all_o thing_n in_o good_a order_n in_o gwyr_n march_v to_o dyfed_a and_o be_v at_o cefn_n cynwarchan_n the_o fleming_n send_v their_o agent_n to_o he_o to_o desire_v peace_n which_o the_o prince_n by_o reason_n that_o they_o always_o adhere_v to_o the_o english_a interest_n will_v not_o grant_v they_o and_o so_o young_a rhys_n have_v the_o first_o man_n pass_v the_o river_n cledeu_n to_o storm_n the_o town_n jorwerth_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o clergy_n come_v to_o the_o prince_n to_o entreat_v for_o a_o peace_n for_o the_o fleming_n which_o after_o a_o long_a debate_n be_v grant_v and_o conclude_v upon_o these_o term_n first_o that_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o rhô_n and_o the_o country_n of_o pembroke_n shall_v from_o thence_o forward_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o ever_o after_o acknowledge_v his_o sovereignty_n second_o that_o towards_o the_o defray_n of_o his_o charge_n in_o this_o expedition_n they_o shall_v pay_v one_o thousand_o mark_n to_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o before_o the_o ensue_a feast_n of_o st._n michael_n three_o that_o for_o the_o sure_a performance_n of_o these_o article_n they_o shall_v deliver_v up_o twenty_o hostage_n who_o be_v to_o be_v some_o of_o the_o most_o principal_a person_n in_o their_o country_n then_o prince_n lhewelyn_n have_v now_o bring_v all_o wales_n subject_n to_o himself_o and_o put_v matter_n in_o a_o settle_a posture_n in_o south_n wales_n return_v to_o north-wales_n have_v purchase_v very_o considerable_a honour_n and_o esteem_v for_o his_o martial_a achievement_n in_o this_o expedition_n and_o now_o all_o matter_n of_o difference_n be_v adjust_v and_o the_o welsh_a in_o good_a hope_n of_o a_o durable_a freedom_n from_o all_o trouble_n and_o hostility_n another_o accident_n unhappy_o fall_v out_o to_o cross_v their_o expectation_n lewis_n the_o dauphin_n perceive_v the_o english_a baron_n to_o slight_a and_o forsake_v he_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o king_n henry_n and_o return_v to_o france_n and_o then_o the_o baron_n the_o king_n promise_v to_o answer_v all_o their_o request_n and_o to_o redress_v their_o grievance_n make_v their_o submission_n without_o include_v the_o welsh_a in_o their_o article_n they_o have_v all_o this_o while_n glad_o embrace_v the_o friendship_n and_o aid_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n but_o now_o upon_o their_o reconciliation_n to_o the_o king_n think_v they_o have_v no_o far_o need_v of_o he_o they_o very_o base_o forsake_v he_o who_o have_v be_v the_o principal_a support_n and_o succour_n of_o their_o cause_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o they_o conspire_v together_o to_o convert_v their_o arm_n against_o wales_n think_v they_o can_v without_o any_o breach_n of_o equity_n or_o conscience_n take_v away_o the_o land_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o make_v addition_n to_o what_o some_o of_o they_o have_v already_o unjust_o possess_v themselves_o of_o william_n martial_a earl_n of_o pembroke_n open_v the_o scene_n and_o come_v unexpected_o upon_o the_o welsh_a take_v the_o town_n of_o caerlheon_n but_o he_o
inveterate_a enmity_n to_o the_o welsh_a and_o upon_o who_o account_n king_n henry_n have_v chief_o bring_v his_o army_n into_o wales_n he_o be_v succeed_v both_o in_o his_o title_n and_o estate_n by_o his_o brother_n richard_n who_o be_v much_o more_o favourable_o incline_v towards_o the_o welsh_a and_o never_o attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o they_o but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v resolve_v to_o retrieve_v the_o honour_n he_o have_v lose_v in_o the_o late_a expedition_n against_o the_o welsh_a and_o therefore_o be_v return_v from_o france_n whither_o he_o have_v make_v a_o descent_n to_o recover_v what_o his_o father_n have_v lose_v in_o that_o kingdom_n he_o come_v to_o wales_n and_o have_v remain_v some_o time_n in_o the_o march_n he_o return_v again_o to_o england_n leave_v his_o army_n under_o the_o command_n of_o hubert_n burgh_n earl_n of_o kent_n to_o defend_v the_o march_n against_o any_o inroad_n which_o the_o welsh_a may_v attempt_v and_o he_o have_v not_o remain_v there_o long_o when_o he_o receive_v intelligence_n that_o a_o party_n of_o welch_n have_v enter_v the_o march_n near_o montgomery_n who_o he_o forthwith_o pursue_v and_o set_v upon_o they_o surprize_o he_o put_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o to_o the_o sword_n prince_n lhewylyn_n hear_v this_o come_v in_o person_n with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o the_o march_n and_o fit_v before_o montgomery_n castle_n he_o force_v hubert_n to_o withdraw_v and_o then_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o place_n he_o burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o put_v the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n the_o like_a fate_n attend_v the_o castle_n of_o radnor_n aberhondhy_n rhayadr_n gwy_n caerlheon_n neth_n and_o cydwe_o though_o caerlheon_n hold_v out_o very_o stubborn_o and_o the_o prince_n have_v several_a of_o his_o man_n destroy_v before_o the_o place_n king_n henry_n be_v inform_v of_o what_o miserable_a desolation_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n so_o successful_o commit_v upon_o his_o subject_n in_o these_o country_n have_v he_o present_o excommunicate_v and_o then_o come_v to_o hereford_n with_o a_o mighty_a army_n he_o detach_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o nobility_n to_o wales_n these_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o a_o friar_n of_o cymer_n unexpected_o as_o they_o think_v fall_v upon_o a_o party_n of_o welsh_a who_o at_o the_o first_o encounter_n seem_v to_o fly_v till_o they_o have_v allure_v the_o english_a to_o pursue_v they_o to_o a_o place_n where_o a_o great_a party_n of_o welch_n lie_v in_o ambuscade_n who_o rush_v of_o a_o sudden_a upon_o the_o english_a put_v they_o in_o such_o a_o confusion_n that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v cut_v off_o the_o king_n be_v sensible_a that_o this_o be_v a_o treacherous_a insinuation_n of_o the_o friar_n be_v resolve_v to_o be_v revenge_v by_o burn_v the_o abbey_n of_o cymer_n but_o the_o prior_n for_o three_o hundred_o mark_n prevent_v it_o and_o so_o the_o king_n return_v to_o england_n have_v effect_v nothing_o in_o this_o expedition_n beside_o the_o build_n of_o maud_n castle_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n maelgon_n son_n of_o maelgon_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n lay_v siege_n to_o aberteifi_n and_o have_v by_o force_n get_v entry_n into_o the_o town_n he_o put_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n then_o destroy_v all_o before_o he_o to_o the_o castle_n gate_n which_o be_v so_o strong_o fortify_v that_o it_o seem_v almost_o impracticable_a to_o take_v it_o in_o any_o short_a time_n but_o maelgon_n be_v join_v by_o his_o cousin_n owen_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhy_n son_n be_v resolve_v to_o try_v the_o utmost_a that_o can_v be_v effect_v and_o therefore_o take_v with_o he_o some_o of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n most_o experience_a officer_n â—e_z break_v down_o the_o bridge_n upon_o the_o river_n teifi_n and_o â—hen_o invest_v the_o castle_n more_o close_o he_o so_o batter_a â—nd_n undermine_v it_o that_o he_o become_v in_o a_o little_a time_n master_n of_o it_o the_o year_n follow_v prince_n lhewelyn_n make_v a_o descent_n a.d._n 1232_o upon_o england_n and_o have_v commit_v very_o considerable_a waste_n and_o destruction_n upon_o the_o border_n he_o return_v to_o north-wales_n with_o a_o rich_a booty_n both_o of_o man_n and_o cattle_n king_n henry_n to_o correct_v the_o welsh_a for_o these_o grievous_a devastation_n and_o to_o prevent_v their_o further_a incursion_n into_o england_n demand_v a_o very_a great_a subsidy_n of_o his_o subject_n to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n against_o the_o welsh_a which_o be_v grant_v he_o he_o make_v all_o possible_a preparation_n for_o his_o expedition_n to_o wales_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n randulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n die_v and_o be_v succeed_v in_o that_o honour_n by_o john_n his_o sister_n son_n who_o be_v afterward_o marry_v to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n daughter_n but_o the_o english_a in_o wales_n be_v in_o expectation_n of_o king_n henry_n come_n thither_o begin_v to_o repair_v and_o fortify_v their_o castle_n and_o particular_o richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n rebuilt_a radnor_n castle_n a.d._n 1233_o which_o the_o prince_n have_v late_o destroy_v prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v sufficient_o sensible_a that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n intend_v a_o invasion_n and_o therefore_o to_o be_v beforehand_o with_o he_o he_o come_v with_o a_o army_n to_o brecknock_n destroy_v all_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n throughout_o the_o country_n except_v brecknock_n castle_n which_o hold_v out_o so_o manful_o that_o after_o a_o month_n sit_v before_o it_o he_o be_v at_o last_o constrain_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n in_o his_o return_n to_o north-wales_n he_o burn_v the_o town_n of_o clûn_n recoverâ—â—_n all_o that_o country_n call_v dyffryn_n tefeidiat_a in_o the_o possession_n of_o john_n fitz-alan_n destroy_v red_a castle_n in_o powy_n and_o burn_v oswestry_n but_o what_o happen_v very_o fortunate_o to_o the_o welsh_a richard_n marshal_v earl_n of_o pembroke_n be_v fall_v at_o variance_n with_o king_n henry_n take_v part_n with_o prince_n lhewelyn_n with_o who_o join_v hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n who_o have_v late_o make_v his_o escape_n out_o of_o the_o castle_n of_o devizes_n where_o the_o king_n upon_o some_o article_n of_o information_n bring_v against_o he_o have_v commit_v he_o to_o prison_n but_o the_o earl_n of_o pembrock_n attend_v by_o owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n come_v to_o s._n david_n and_o be_v very_o glad_a of_o a_o opportunity_n to_o revenge_v himself_o upon_o the_o king_n slay_v every_o one_o thaâ—_n own_v any_o dependence_n upon_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n maelgon_n and_o rhys_n gryc_a with_o all_o the_o force_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n quick_o join_v the_o earl_n who_o in_o their_o march_n through_o the_o country_n take_v the_o castle_n of_o caâ—dyff_fw-mi abergevenny_n pencelhy_n blaenlhefyni_n and_o bwlch_n y_fw-fr ddinas_fw-la which_o all_o except_v cardyff_fw-mi they_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o king_n receive_v intelligence_n that_o the_o earl_n of_o pembrock_n have_v enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o that_o he_o be_v now_o iâ—_n open_a hostility_n against_o his_o subject_n in_o that_o country_n gather_v a_o very_a formidable_a army_n consist_v beside_o english_a of_o fleming_n norman_n and_o gascoign_n and_o come_v to_o wales_n he_o encamp_v at_o grosmont_n where_o the_o earl_n with_o the_o welsh_a army_n meet_v he_o but_o when_o the_o english_a will_v have_v endeavour_v to_o advance_v further_o into_o the_o country_n the_o welsh_a oppose_v they_o and_o so_o a_o battle_n ensue_v wherein_o the_o english_a lose_v five_o hundred_o horse_n beside_o a_o far_o great_a number_n of_o their_o infantry_n the_o welsh_a have_v gain_v a_o considerable_a victory_n in_o this_o action_n the_o king_n be_v advise_v to_o withdraw_v his_o force_n for_o fear_v lest_o that_o the_o welsh_a shall_v again_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o so_o sustain_v a_o great_a loss_n which_o counsel_n the_o king_n willing_o hearken_v unto_o and_o so_o he_o return_v for_o england_n the_o english_a be_v withdraw_v the_o earl_n likewise_o decamp_v and_o march_v to_o caermardhyn_n which_o he_o besiege_v but_o after_o three_o month_n in_o vain_a assault_n the_o garrison_n most_o brave_o defend_v the_o place_n and_o the_o english_a fleet_n have_v throw_v in_o new_a provision_n he_o think_v it_o most_o adviseable_a to_o raise_v the_o siege_n short_o after_o rhys_n gryc_a son_n to_o prince_n rhys_n die_v at_o lhandeilo_n fawr_n and_o be_v honourable_o inter_v by_o his_o father_n at_o s._n david_n about_o the_o same_o time_n maelgon_n fychan_n maelgon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n his_o son_n finish_v trefilan_n castle_n which_o be_v begin_v in_o his_o father_n time_n a.d._n 1234_o king_n henry_n be_v not_o willing_a to_o hazard_v any_o more_o campaign_n in_o wales_n and_o therefore_o he_o appoint_v john_n of_o monmouth_n a_o great_a soldier_n and_o general_n of_o the_o english_a force_n
time_n and_o so_o return_v to_o england_n but_o lord_n james_n audley_n who_o daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o gruffydh_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n do_v more_o mischief_n and_o hurt_n to_o the_o welsh_a who_o have_v bring_v over_o a_o great_a number_n of_o horseman_n from_o germany_n to_o serve_v against_o the_o welsh_a so_o terrify_v they_o with_o the_o unusual_a largeness_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o unaccustomed_a manner_n of_o sight_v that_o in_o the_o first_o encounter_v the_o welsh_a be_v easy_o overcome_v buâ—_n mind_v to_o revenge_v this_o disgrace_n and_o withal_o be_v better_o acquaint_v with_o their_o method_n of_o arm_n the_o welsh_a in_o a_o little_a after_o make_v inroad_n into_o the_o lord_n audley_n land_n where_o the_o german_n present_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o pursue_v they_o to_o certain_a strait_n which_o the_o welsh_a discover_v for_o a_o politic_a retreat_n the_o german_n think_v they_o have_v entire_o drive_v the_o welsh_a away_o return_v careless_o back_o but_o be_v set_v upon_o of_o the_o sudden_a without_o any_o thought_n of_o a_o enemy_n behind_o they_o be_v all_o in_o a_o manner_n slay_v by_o the_o rally_a welch_n this_o year_n a_o very_a great_a scarcity_n of_o beef_n and_o horse_n happen_v in_o england_n whereof_o several_a thousand_o yearly_a be_v supply_v out_o of_o wales_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o the_o march_n be_v perfect_o rob_v of_o all_o their_o breed_n and_o not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o beast_n to_o be_v see_v in_o all_o the_o border_n a.d._n 1259_o the_o next_o spring_n all_o the_o nobility_n of_o wales_n convene_v together_o and_o take_v their_o mutual_a oath_n to_o defend_v their_o country_n to_o death_n against_o the_o oppress_a invasion_n of_o the_o english_a and_o not_o to_o relinquish_v and_o forsake_v one_o another_o upon_o pain_n of_o perjury_n though_o notwithstanding_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n of_o south-wales_n violate_v this_o agreement_n and_o put_v himself_o in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n king_n henry_n be_v ready_a to_o fall_v upon_o the_o welsh_a to_o which_o purpose_n he_o summon_v a_o parliament_n wherein_o he_o propose_v to_o raise_v a_o subsidy_n towards_o the_o conquest_n of_o wales_n being_n not_o able_a of_o himself_o to_o bear_v the_o expense_n of_o this_o war_n by_o reason_n of_o several_a loss_n he_o have_v already_o receive_v the_o country_n of_o pembroke_n be_v late_o destroy_v and_o take_v by_o the_o welsh_a where_o they_o find_v plenty_n of_o salt_n which_o before_o they_o be_v in_o great_a necessity_n of_o but_o william_n de_fw-fr valentia_n accuse_v the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n and_o gloucester_n as_o the_o author_n of_o all_o this_o mischief_n quite_o break_v all_o their_o measure_n so_o the_o king_n be_v force_v to_o prorogue_v the_o parliament_n for_o a_o time_n without_o any_o grant_n of_o a_o subsidy_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o it_o sit_v at_o oxford_n where_o king_n henry_n and_o edward_n his_o son_n take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n to_o observe_v the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o same_o be_v tender_v to_o guy_n and_o william_n the_o king_n brother_n and_o to_o henry_n son_n to_o the_o king_n of_o almain_n and_o to_o earl_n warren_n they_o refuse_v to_o take_v it_o and_o so_o depart_v in_o this_o parliament_n the_o lord_n of_o wales_n fair_o proffer_v to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o law_n for_o any_o offence_n they_o have_v unjust_o commirt_v against_o the_o king_n which_o be_v main_o oppose_v by_o edward_n who_o cause_v one_o patrick_n de_fw-fr canton_n to_o who_o the_o lordship_n of_o cydwely_n be_v give_v in_o case_n he_o can_v win_v and_o keep_v the_o same_o to_o be_v send_v to_o caermardhyn_a as_o lieutenant_n for_o the_o king_n with_o who_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n be_v join_v in_o commission_n be_v arrive_v at_o caermardhyn_n patrick_n send_v to_o the_o prince_n to_o desire_v he_o to_o appoint_v commissioner_n to_o treat_v with_o he_o concern_v a_o peace_n which_o he_o consent_v to_o and_o without_o any_o suspicion_n of_o treachery_n send_v meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n and_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n to_o emlyn_n if_o possible_a to_o conclude_v the_o same_o but_o patrick_n mean_v no_o such_o thing_n lay_v a_o ambuscade_n for_o the_o welsh_a who_o come_v honest_o forward_o be_v by_o the_o way_n villanous_o set_v upon_o by_o the_o english_a and_o a_o great_a many_o slay_v but_o those_o that_o happy_o escape_v call_v up_o the_o country_n present_o give_v chase_v to_o patrick_n and_o his_o accomplice_n who_o be_v at_o length_n overtake_v be_v almost_o all_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n but_o prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v now_o altogether_o bend_v upon_o a_o peace_n and_o do_v not_o only_o desire_v it_o but_o be_v willing_a to_o purchase_v it_o for_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o which_o purpose_n he_o offer_v to_o give_v the_o king_n 4000_o mark_n to_o his_o son_n 300_o and_o 200_o to_o the_o queen_n which_o the_o king_n utter_o refuse_v reply_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a recompense_n for_o all_o the_o damage_n he_o have_v suffer_v by_o the_o welsh_a matthew_z of_o westminster_n report_v that_o about_o michaelmas_n this_o year_n the_o bishop_n of_o bangor_n be_v commission_v by_o the_o prince_n and_o nobility_n of_o wales_n to_o treat_v with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n about_o a_o peace_n and_o to_o offer_v he_o 16000_o pound_n for_o the_o same_o upon_o these_o condition_n that_o according_a to_o their_o ancient_a custom_n the_o welsh_a shall_v have_v all_o cause_n try_v and_o determine_v at_o chester_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v free_o enjoy_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o own_o country_n but_o what_o be_v the_o result_n of_o this_o treaty_n my_o author_n do_v not_o mention_v there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o a_o peace_n prince_n lhewelyn_n a.d._n 1260_o early_a next_o year_n appear_v in_o the_o field_n and_o pass_v to_o south-wales_n and_o first_o fall_v foul_a upon_o sir_n râ—ger_n mortimer_n who_o contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n maintain_v the_o king_n of_o england_n quarrel_n have_v forcible_o dispossess_v he_o of_o all_o buelht_n and_o without_o any_o opposition_n take_v the_o castle_n where_o be_v find_v a_o plentiful_a magazine_n he_o march_v through_o all_o south-wales_n confirm_v his_o conquest_n and_o afterward_o return_v to_o his_o palace_n at_o aber_n a.d._n 1261_o betwixt_o bangor_n and_o conwey_n the_o year_n follow_v a.d._n 1262_o owen_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n lord_n of_o cydewen_n die_v but_o the_o next_o summer_n be_v somewhat_o more_o note_v for_o action_n a_o party_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n man_n take_v by_o surprise_v the_o castle_n of_o melienyth_n belong_v to_o sir_n roger_n mortimer_n and_o have_a put_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n they_o take_v howel_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n the_o governor_n with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n prisoner_n and_o after_o that_o the_o castle_n be_v demolish_v by_o the_o prince_n order_n sir_n roger_n mortimer_n hear_v of_o this_o with_o a_o great_a body_n of_o lord_n and_o knight_n come_v to_o melienyth_n where_o prince_n lhewelyn_n meet_v he_o burr_n sir_n roger_n not_o dare_v to_o hazard_v a_o battle_n plant_v himself_o within_o the_o ruin_n and_o find_v he_o can_v do_v no_o good_a desire_a leave_n of_o the_o prince_n to_o retire_v peaceable_o the_o prince_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o relation_n and_o near_a consanguinity_n betwixt_o they_o and_o withal_o because_o he_o will_v not_o be_v so_o mean_v spirit_v as_o to_o fall_v upon_o a_o enemy_n who_o have_v no_o power_n to_o resist_v he_o let_v he_o safe_o depart_v with_o his_o force_n and_o then_o pass_v on_o himself_o to_o brecknock_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n who_o swear_v fidelity_n unto_o he_o so_o pass_v on_o and_o return_v to_o noâ—th-wales_n and_o now_o be_v confederate_a with_o the_o baron_n against_o king_n henry_n he_o be_v resolve_v to_o practice_v something_o in_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o english_a and_o so_o set_v upon_o the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n destroy_v the_o castle_n of_o tygannâ—y_n and_o diserth_n belong_v to_o edward_n who_o come_v thither_o be_v yet_o not_o able_a to_o prevent_v the_o mischief_n do_v a.d._n 1263_o to_o he_o by_o the_o welsh_a the_o next_o year_n john_n strange_a junior_n constable_n of_o montgomery_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o marcher_n come_v a_o little_a before_o easter_n by_o night_n through_o ceri_fw-la to_o cydewen_n intend_v to_o surprise_v the_o castle_n which_o when_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n understand_v they_o gather_v together_o and_o set_v upon_o they_o slay_v 200_o of_o his_o man_n but_o strange_a with_o a_o few_o get_v safe_o back_o within_o a_o while_n after_o the_o marcher_n and_o the_o welsh_a meet_v again_o near_o a_o place_n call_v clun_n where_o a_o hot_a engagement_n happen_v between_o they_o in_o which_o the_o welsh_a be_v worsted_n
both_o of_o england_n and_o wales_n upon_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o article_n of_o peace_n and_o that_o you_o will_v be_v please_v to_o inform_v the_o king_n of_o the_o sad_a consequence_n of_o another_o war_n which_o can_v no_o way_n be_v prevent_v but_o by_o use_v we_o according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o former_a peace_n which_o for_o our_o part_n we_o will_v in_o no_o measure_n transgress_v but_o if_o the_o king_n will_v not_o hearken_v to_o your_o counsel_n we_o hope_v that_o you_o will_v hâ—ld_v we_o excuse_v if_o the_o nation_n be_v disquiet_v and_o trouble_v thereupon_o which_o as_o much_o as_o in_o we_o lie_v we_o endeavour_v to_o prevent_v king_n edward_n will_v admit_v of_o no_o excuse_n noâ—_n harken_v to_o any_o manner_n of_o reason_n in_o the_o case_n but_o be_v unmerciful_o enrage_v and_o conceive_v a_o unpardonable_a displeasure_n against_o prince_n lhewelyn_n which_o yet_o he_o think_v convenient_a to_o conceal_v and_o dissemble_v for_o a_o time_n indeed_o he_o can_v never_o abide_v lhewelyn_n â—â—nce_v the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v vanquish_v and_o put_v to_o â—ight_n by_o he_o at_o the_o march_n so_o that_o the_o chief_a cause_n â—f_a king_n edward_n anger_n original_o proceed_v from_o 〈◊〉_d point_n of_o honour_n which_o this_o refusal_n of_o homage_n â—â—rved_v sufficient_o to_o increase_v but_o to_o prosecute_v his_o revenge_n which_o upon_o this_o score_n be_v in_o prince_n very_o â—erce_a and_o unforgetful_a in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o come_v to_o â—hester_n mean_v to_o recover_v by_o force_n what_o he_o can_v â—ot_n obtain_v by_o fair_a mean_n from_o hence_o he_o send_v to_o â—â—e_z prince_n of_o wales_n require_v he_o to_o come_v over_o and_o 〈◊〉_d he_o homage_n which_o lhewelyn_n either_o absolute_o reâ—â—sing_v or_o willing_o detract_n to_o do_v king_n edwardâ—ade_v â—ade_z ready_a his_o army_n to_o force_v he_o to_o it_o but_o there_o a.d._n 1277_o â—â—ppened_v a_o accident_n which_o take_v off_o a_o great_a part_n of_o â—rince_n lhewelyn_n stubborness_n for_o at_o this_o time_n the_o countess_n of_o leicester_n the_o widow_n of_o simon_n montfortâ—ho_n â—ho_z live_v at_o montargis_n a_o nunnery_n in_o france_n send_v over_o 〈◊〉_d wales_n her_o daughter_n the_o lady_n eleanor_n who_o â—hewelyn_n extreme_o love_v with_o her_o brother_n aemeâ—ke_v to_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o prince_n according_a to_o the_o agreement_n make_v in_o her_o father_n earl_n montfort_n time_n â—ut_fw-la aemerike_n fear_v to_o touch_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o â—ngland_n steer_v his_o course_n towards_o the_o island_n of_o scilly_a where_o by_o the_o way_n they_o be_v all_o take_v by_o four_o bristol_n ship_n and_o bring_v to_o king_n edward_n who_o receive_v the_o lady_n very_o honourable_o but_o commit_v her_o â—â—other_n prisoner_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o coff_n whence_o he_o be_v afterwards_o remove_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o shirburne_n the_o â—ing_n have_v obtain_v this_o unexpected_a advantage_n over_o â—hewelyn_n begin_v bold_o to_o fall_v upon_o he_o and_o so_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o two_o battalion_n lead_v one_o himself_o â—â—to_o north-wales_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o ruthlan_n where_o he_o strong_o fortify_v the_o castle_n the_o other_o he_o ommit_v to_o paganus_fw-la de_fw-la camurtiis_fw-la a_o great_a soldier_n â—ho_n enter_v into_o west-wales_n burn_v and_o destroy_v 〈◊〉_d great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n but_o the_o people_n of_o south-wales_n fear_v that_o his_o next_o expedition_n be_v level_v â—gainst_a they_o voluntary_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o â—ing_n and_o do_v he_o homage_n and_o then_o deliver_v â—_z castle_n of_o ystratywy_a to_o paganus_fw-la prince_n lhewelyn_n hear_v of_o this_o and_o find_v his_o own_o subject_n to_o forsake_v he_o but_o more_o especial_o be_v desirous_a to_o recover_v his_o espouse_v the_o lady_n eleanor_n think_v it_o likewise_o advisable_v to_o submit_v and_o therefore_o sue_v to_o king_n edward_n for_o a_o peace_n who_o grant_v it_o but_o upon_o very_o severe_a condition_n upon_o lhewelyns_n side_n the_o agreement_n consist_v of_o ten_o article_n which_o be_v 1._o that_o the_o prince_n shall_v set_v at_o liberty_n all_o manner_n of_o prisoner_n that_o upon_o the_o king_n account_n be_v detain_v in_o custody_n 2._o that_o for_o the_o king_n favour_n and_o good_a will_n he_o shall_v pay_v 50000_o mark_n to_o be_v receive_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n 3._o that_o these_o four_o cantred_n or_o hundred_o viz._n cantref_n ros_n where_o the_o king_n castle_n of_o teganwy_n stand_v ryfonioc_n where_o denbigh_n tegengl_n where_o ruthlan_n dyffryn_n clwyd_n where_o rhuthyn_n stand_v shall_v remain_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n 4._o that_o the_o lord_n marcher_n shall_v quiet_o enjoy_v all_o the_o land_n they_o have_v conquer_v within_o wales_n except_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n which_o be_v whole_o grant_v to_o the_o prince_n 5._o that_o in_o consideration_n of_o this_o island_n the_o prince_n shall_v pay_v 5000_o mark_n in_o hand_n with_o the_o reserve_n of_o a_o 1000_o mark_n yearly_a to_o begin_v at_o michaelmas_n and_o in_o case_n the_o prince_n die_v without_o issue_n the_o whole_a island_n shall_v return_v to_o the_o king_n 6._o that_o the_o prince_n shall_v come_v every_o year_n to_o england_n to_o pay_v his_o homage_n to_o the_o king_n for_o all_o his_o land_n 7._o that_o all_o the_o baron_n of_o wales_n except_v five_o in_o snowden_n shall_v hold_v their_o land_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o king_n and_o no_o other_o 8._o that_o the_o title_n of_o prince_n shall_v remain_v only_o for_o his_o life_n and_o not_o descend_v to_o his_o successor_n and_o after_o his_o death_n the_o five_o lord_n of_o snowden_n shall_v hold_v their_o land_n only_o from_o the_o king_n 9_o that_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o these_o article_n the_o prince_n shall_v deliver_v up_o for_o hostage_n ten_o person_n of_o the_o best_a quality_n in_o the_o country_n without_o imprison_v disinherit_n and_o any_o time_n of_o redemption_n determine_v and_o far_o that_o the_o king_n shall_v choose_v twenty_o person_n within_o north-wales_n who_o beside_o the_o prince_n shall_v take_v their_o oath_n for_o the_o due_a performance_n of_o these_o article_n and_o in_o case_n the_o prince_n shall_v swerve_v and_o recede_v from_o they_o and_o upon_o admonition_n â—hereof_o not_o repent_v they_o shall_v forsake_v he_o and_o become_v his_o enemy_n 10._o the_o prince_n be_v oblige_v to_o â—uffer_v his_o brethren_n quiet_o to_o enjoy_v their_o land_n in_o wales_n whereof_o david_n for_o his_o service_n be_v dub_v knight_n by_o the_o king_n and_o have_v the_o earl_n of_o derby_n widow_n give_v he_o in_o matrimony_n and_o with_o she_o as_o 〈◊〉_d portion_n the_o castle_n of_o denbigh_n in_o north-wales_n beâ—ides_v a_o 1000_o pound_n in_o land_n his_o other_o brother_n roderic_n be_v late_o escape_v out_o of_o prison_n into_o england_n â—nd_v the_o young_a call_v owen_n be_v upon_o his_o composition_n deliver_v out_o of_o prison_n king_n edward_n have_v impose_v these_o severe_a and_o unmerciful_a condition_n upon_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o for_o a_o better_a security_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o they_o build_v a_o castle_n at_o aberystwyth_n return_v very_o honourable_o into_o england_n upon_o who_o arrival_n the_o people_n willing_o grant_v he_o a_o subsidy_n of_o the_o twenty_o part_n of_o their_o estate_n towards_o his_o charge_n in_o this_o war._n but_o it_o seem_v very_o probable_a that_o prince_n lhewelyn_n submit_v to_o these_o intolerable_a condition_n more_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o his_o amour_n and_o to_o regain_v the_o lady_n eleanora_n out_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n hand_n than_o that_o he_o be_v apprehensive_a of_o any_o considerable_a danger_n he_o may_v receive_v by_o the_o english_a troop_n for_o it_o be_v hardly_o conceivable_a that_o a_o prince_n of_o such_o notorious_a conduct_n and_o valour_n will_v so_o easy_o accept_v of_o such_o hard_a term_n and_o in_o a_o measure_n deliver_v up_o his_o principality_n when_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n so_o to_o do_v without_o resist_v a_o enemy_n who_o he_o have_v frequent_o overcome_v and_o force_v to_o retire_v back_o with_o great_a inequality_n than_o the_o english_a have_v at_o present_a over_o he_o but_o the_o force_n of_o â—ove_n work_v wonder_n and_o in_o this_o case_n prove_v moâ—t_n irresistible_a which_o to_o obtain_v lhewelyn_n do_v not_o think_v hard_a to_o forfeit_v his_o proper_a right_n to_o his_o inveterate_a enemy_n and_o for_o ever_o to_o exclude_v his_o posterity_n from_o succeed_v in_o their_o lawful_a inheritance_n the_o next_o year_n a.d._n 1273_o therefore_o he_o have_v his_o wish_n accomplish_v and_o be_v marry_v to_o eleanora_n at_o worcester_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n with_o all_o the_o nobility_n and_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o england_n honour_v the_o wedding_n with_o their_o presence_n but_o this_o specious_a amity_n and_o the_o peace_n laâ—â—_n conclude_v betwixt_o they_o
do_v not_o last_v long_o the_o english_a governor_n in_o the_o march_n and_o inland_n â—_z of_o wales_n presume_v upon_o the_o prince_n submission_n to_o the_o king_n grievous_o oppress_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n with_o new_a and_o unheard_a of_o 〈◊〉_d action_n and_o with_o intolerable_a partiality_n open_o encourage_v the_o english_a to_o defraud_v and_o oppress_v tâ—â—_n welch_n these_o insupportable_a practice_n move_v tâ—â—_n welch_n to_o go_v in_o a_o body_n to_o david_n lord_n of_o denbigâ—_n to_o endeavour_v a_o reconciliation_n between_o he_o and_o 〈◊〉_d brother_n the_o prince_n that_o they_o both_o be_v at_o unity_n may_v easy_o deliver_v themselves_o and_o their_o country_n from_o the_o unmerciful_a tyranny_n of_o the_o english_a david_n be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o misery_n of_o his_o countryman_n a.d._n 1281_o and_o therefore_o glad_o submit_v to_o be_v reconcile_v to_o his_o brother_n with_o promise_n never_o to_o side_n again_o with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o to_o become_v his_o 〈◊〉_d enemy_n this_o happy_a union_n be_v thus_o effect_v david_n be_v choose_v general_n of_o the_o army_n with_o which_o he_o present_o march_v to_o hawarden_n and_o surprise_v the_o castle_n slay_v all_o that_o oppose_v he_o and_o take_v rogeâ—_n clifford_n prisoner_n who_o have_v be_v send_v by_o king_n edward_n justitiar_n into_o those_o part_n from_o thence_o be_v join_v by_o the_o prince_n he_o pass_v to_o ruthlan_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n but_o upon_o notice_n give_v that_o the_o king_n be_v march_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n he_o think_v convenient_a to_o withdraw_v and_o to_o retire_v back_o at_o the_o same_o time_n rhys_n ap_fw-mi maelgon_n and_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n with_o other_o lord_n of_o south-wales_n take_v from_o the_o english_a the_o castle_n of_o aberystwyth_n with_o divers_a other_o in_o that_o country_n and_o spoil_v all_o the_o people_n thereabouts_o who_o own_a subjection_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n john_n peckham_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n perceive_v how_o matter_n be_v like_a to_o proceed_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prince_n and_o how_o the_o kingdom_n be_v effectual_o involve_v in_o a_o war_n of_o his_o own_o proper_a motion_n come_v to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n to_o endeavour_v a_o re-submission_n from_o he_o and_o his_o brother_n david_n to_o king_n edward_n and_o so_o to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o any_o far_a hostility_n but_o he_o send_v beforehand_o to_o the_o prince_n and_o people_n of_o wales_n intimate_v to_o they_o that_o for_o the_o love_n he_o bear_v to_o the_o welsh_a nation_n he_o undertake_v this_o arbitration_n without_o the_o knowledge_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o king_n be_v like_n and_o therefore_o earnest_o desire_v that_o they_o will_v submit_v to_o a_o peace_n with_o the_o english_a which_o himself_o will_v endeavour_v to_o bring_v to_o pass_v and_o because_o he_o can_v make_v no_o long_a 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some_o time_n they_o slay_v those_o for_o who_o redemption_n they_o receive_v money_n and_o whereas_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o esteem_v and_o reverence_v holy_a and_o ecclesiastical_a person_n they_o be_v now_o so_o far_o degenerate_v from_o devotion_n and_o sanctity_n that_o nothing_o be_v more_o acceptable_a to_o they_o than_o war_n and_o sedition_n which_o they_o have_v now_o great_a need_n to_o forsake_v and_o repent_v of_o last_o he_o propose_v that_o they_o will_v signify_v to_o he_o wherein_z and_o what_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o they_o be_v violate_v by_o the_o english_a and_o by_o what_o mean_v a_o firm_a and_o a_o last_a peace_n may_v be_v establish_v which_o if_o they_o reject_v they_o must_v expect_v to_o incur_v the_o decree_n and_o censure_n of_o the_o church_n as_o well_o as_o endure_v the_o violent_a inroad_n and_o depredation_n of_o a_o powerful_a army_n to_o these_o partly_o admonition_n and_o partly_o threaten_n of_o the_o archbishop_n prince_n lhewelyn_n return_v a_o answer_n that_o he_o humble_o thank_v his_o grace_n for_o the_o pain_n and_o trouble_v he_o undertake_v in_o his_o and_o his_o subject_n behalf_n and_o more_o particular_o because_o he_o will_v venture_v to_o come_v to_o wales_n contrary_a to_o the_o pleasure_n and_o good_a like_n of_o the_o king_n and_o as_o for_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o he_o he_o will_v not_o have_v his_o grace_n be_v ignorant_a that_o with_o all_o readiness_n he_o be_v willing_a to_o submit_v to_o it_o upon_o condition_n that_o the_o king_n will_v due_o and_o sincere_o observe_v the_o same_o and_o though_o he_o will_v be_v glad_a of_o his_o long_a a.d._n 1201_o continuance_n in_o wales_n yet_o he_o hope_v that_o no_o obstruction_n will_v happen_v of_o his_o side_n why_o a_o peace_n which_o of_o all_o thing_n he_o most_o desire_a may_v not_o be_v forthwith_o conclude_v and_o rather_o by_o his_o grace_n procure_v than_o any_o other_o so_o that_o there_o will_v be_v no_o far_o need_v of_o acquaint_v the_o pope_n with_o his_o obstinacy_n nor_o move_v the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o use_v any_o force_n against_o he_o and_o though_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v under_o the_o immediate_a protection_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n yet_o when_o his_o holiness_n come_v to_o understand_v of_o the_o great_a and_o unsufferable_a wrong_n do_v to_o he_o by_o the_o english_a how_o the_o article_n of_o peace_n be_v break_v church_n and_o all_o other_o religious_a house_n in_o wales_n be_v burn_v down_o and_o destroy_v and_o religious_a person_n unchristian_o murder_v he_o hope_v he_o will_v rather_o pity_v and_o lament_v his_o condition_n than_o with_o addition_n of_o punishment_n increase_v and_o augment_v his_o sorrow_n neither_o shall_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v any_o wise_a disquiet_v and_o molest_v by_o his_o mean_n in_o case_n the_o peace_n be_v religious_o observe_v towards_o he_o and_o his_o subject_n but_o who_o they_o be_v that_o delight_n themselves_o with_o war_n and_o bloodshed_n manifest_o appear_v by_o their_o action_n and_o behaviour_n the_o weâ—ch_n be_v glad_a to_o live_v quiet_o upon_o their_o own_o if_o they_o may_v be_v permit_v by_o the_o english_a who_o come_v to_o the_o country_n utter_o destroy_v whatever_o come_v in_o their_o way_n without_o regard_n either_o to_o sex_n age_n or_o religious_a place_n but_o he_o be_v extreme_a sorry_a that_o any_o one_o shall_v be_v slay_v have_v pay_v his_o râ—â—â—â—â—_n the_o author_n of_o which_o unworthy_a action_n he_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o maintain_v but_o will_v inflict_v upon_o he_o his_o condign_a punishment_n in_o case_n he_o can_v be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o desert_n where_o as_o a_o outlaw_n â—he_n live_v undiscovered_a but_o as_o to_o commence_v a_o war_n in_o a_o season_n inconvenient_a he_o protest_v he_o know_v nothing_o of_o that_o till_o now_o yet_o those_o that_o do_v so_o do_v solemn_o attest_v that_o to_o be_v the_o only_a measure_n they_o have_v to_o save_v 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and_o ejection_n out_o of_o our_o estate_n the_o sense_n of_o oppression_n and_o tyrannical_a government_n have_v compel_v we_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n for_o the_o security_n of_o our_o life_n and_o fortune_n therefore_o as_o the_o english_a be_v not_o disposess_v of_o their_o estate_n for_o their_o offence_n against_o the_o king_n so_o we_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v punish_v or_o make_v other_o satisfaction_n for_o our_o crime_n without_o be_v disinherit_v and_o as_o to_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n it_o be_v notorious_a that_o they_o be_v the_o author_n who_o never_o regard_v either_o promise_n or_o covenant_n never_o make_v amends_o for_o trespass_n nor_o remedy_n for_o our_o complaint_n when_o the_o archbishop_n see_v there_o be_v no_o likelihood_n of_o a_o mediation_n and_o that_o a_o peace_n be_v impossible_a to_o be_v conclude_v as_o long_o as_o the_o welsh_a stick_v upon_o condition_n he_o present_o relinquish_v his_o pretend_a affection_n towards_o they_o and_o denounce_v a_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n against_o the_o prince_n and_o all_o his_o adherent_n it_o be_v a_o subject_n of_o no_o little_a wonder_n that_o a_o person_n of_o so_o repute_v a_o sanctity_n who_o esteem_v the_o several_a grievance_n do_v to_o the_o welsh_a to_o be_v intolerable_a shall_v now_o condemn_v they_o for_o refusal_n of_o unlimited_a submission_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n whereas_o he_o have_v already_o own_v it_o to_o be_v unreasonable_a but_o this_o ecclesiastical_a censure_n be_v only_o a_o prologue_n to_o a_o more_o melancholy_a scene_n king_n edward_z immediate_o upon_o it_o send_v a_o army_n by_o sea_n to_o anglesey_n without_o any_o great_a opposition_n conquer_v the_o island_n and_o without_o any_o mercy_n put_v all_o that_o withstand_v he_o to_o the_o sword_n from_o thence_o design_v to_o pass_v over_o to_o the_o continent_n he_o cause_v a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n cover_v with_o plank_n to_o be_v build_v over_o the_o menay_n be_v a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o part_v the_o isle_n from_o the_o main_a land_n at_o a_o place_n call_v moel_n y_o don_n not_o far_o from_o bangor_n where_o the_o water_n be_v narrow_a the_o bridge_n be_v finish_v which_o be_v so_o broad_a as_o that_o threescore_o man_n may_v pass_v in_o a_o breast_n william_n latimer_n with_o a_o strong_a party_n of_o the_o best_a experience_a soldier_n and_o sir_n lucas_n thany_n commander_n of_o the_o gascoign_n and_o spaniard_n whereof_o a_o great_a number_n serve_v the_o king_n pass_v over_o but_o can_v discover_v no_o sign_n or_o any_o the_o least_o intimation_n of_o a_o enemy_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o tide_n begin_v to_o appear_v and_o the_o sea_n have_v overflow_v beside_o the_o bridge_n down_o come_v the_o welsh_a fierce_o out_o of_o the_o mountain_n and_o set_v upon_o the_o dishearten_v english_a kill_v or_o drown_v their_o whole_a number_n except_v latimer_n who_o by_o the_o swim_n of_o his_o horse_n get_v safe_a to_o the_o bridge_n in_o this_o action_n several_a worthy_a soldier_n of_o the_o english_a side_n be_v lose_v among_o who_o be_v sir_n lucas_n thany_n robert_n clifford_n sir_n walter_z lyndsey_n two_o brother_n of_o robert_n burnel_n bishop_n of_o bath_n with_o many_o other_o in_o all_o to_o the_o number_n of_o thirteen_o knight_n seventeen_o young_a gentleman_n and_o two_o hundred_o common_a soldier_n a_o little_a after_o or_o as_o some_o say_v afore_o another_o engagement_n pass_v between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o welsh_a wherein_o the_o former_a lose_v fourteen_o colour_n the_o lord_n audley_n and_o clifford_n the_o young_a be_v slay_v and_o the_o king_n himself_o force_v to_o retreat_n for_o safety_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o hope_n and_o while_o these_o thing_n pass_v in_o north-wales_n the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o sir_n edmund_n mortimer_n act_v vigorous_o with_o their_o force_n in_o south-wales_n and_o fight_v the_o welsh_a at_o lhandeilo_n fawr_n overthrow_v they_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o no_o 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there_o to_o consult_v with_o certain_a lord_n of_o the_o country_n who_o have_v appoint_v to_o meet_v he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n mortimer_n descend_v from_o the_o hill_n with_o intention_n to_o fall_v upon_o lhewelyn_n man_n which_o they_o perceive_v betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o bridge_n call_v pont_n orewyn_n and_o manful_o defend_v the_o passage_n he_o be_v to_o cross_v mortimer_n can_v effect_v nothing_o against_o they_o till_o he_o have_v gain_v the_o bridge_n the_o river_n be_v unpassable_a and_o to_o force_v they_o to_o quit_v it_o seem_v altogether_o impracticable_a but_o at_o last_o the_o river_n be_v discover_v to_o be_v fordable_a a_o little_a below_o and_o so_o helias_n walwyn_n be_v detach_v with_o a_o party_n through_o the_o river_n who_o unexpected_o fall_v upon_o the_o back_n of_o the_o defendant_n easy_o force_v they_o to_o leave_v the_o bridge_n and_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n prince_n lhewelyn_n all_o this_o while_n in_o vain_a expect_v the_o lord_n 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thereupon_o present_o chop_v off_o his_o head_n and_o send_v it_o to_o king_n edward_n at_o conwey_n who_o very_o joyful_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v place_v upon_o the_o high_a pinnacle_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o thus_o fall_v this_o worthy_a prince_n the_o great_a though_o the_o last_o of_o the_o british_a blood_n betray_v most_o base_o by_o the_o lord_n of_o buelht_n and_o be_v dead_a most_o unworthy_o deal_v with_o by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o contrary_a to_o all_o precedent_n treat_v a_o lawful_a prince_n like_o a_o traitor_n and_o expose_v his_o crown_a head_n to_o the_o derision_n of_o the_o multitude_n not_o long_o after_o david_n the_o prince_n brother_n be_v deliver_v up_o by_o the_o welch_n themselves_o and_o in_o a_o parliament_n for_o that_o purpose_n assemble_v at_o shrewsbury_n be_v condemn_v to_o die_v his_o head_n to_o be_v send_v to_o accompany_v his_o brother_n upon_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o his_o four_o quarter_n to_o the_o four_o city_n of_o bristol_n northhampton_n york_n and_z winchester_z then_o the_o king_n for_o the_o easy_a keep_v the_o welsh_a in_o due_a subjection_n build_v two_o strong_a castle_n in_o north_n wales_n the_o one_o at_o conwey_n and_o the_o other_o at_o caernarvon_n there_o be_v none_o that_o now_o stand_v out_o beside_o rhys_n fychan_n of_o ystratywy_a and_o he_o find_v david_n be_v go_v and_o himself_o like_a to_o do_v nothing_o to_o purpose_n fair_o yield_v himself_o up_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o hereford_n who_o by_o the_o king_n order_n commit_v he_o prisoner_n to_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o so_o all_o the_o country_n of_o wales_n become_v ever_o since_o subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n of_o english-blood_n prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o his_o brother_n david_n be_v so_o base_o take_v off_o and_o leave_v no_o body_n to_o lay_v any_o specious_a claim_n to_o the_o principality_n of_o
and_o may_v be_v to_o their_o great_a oppression_n in_o those_o right_n which_o they_o have_v purchase_v and_o hitherto_o enjoy_v with_o their_o estate_n and_o also_o on_o occasion_n of_o great_a vexation_n to_o many_o of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n who_o have_v long_o have_v the_o absolute_a inheritance_n of_o several_a land_n comprehend_v in_o the_o say_a grant_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o portland_n by_o ancient_a grant_n from_o the_o crown_n his_o majesty_n answer_n gentleman_n i_o have_v kindness_n for_o my_o lord_n portland_n which_o he_o have_v deserve_v of_o i_o by_o long_a and_o faithful_a service_n but_o i_o shall_v not_o have_v give_v he_o these_o land_n if_o i_o have_v imagine_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o can_v have_v be_v concern_v i_o will_v therefore_o recall_v the_o grant_n and_o find_v some_o other_o way_n of_o show_v my_o favour_n to_o he_o the_o lordship_n of_o ruthyn_n continue_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o grays_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n vii_o 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and_o go_v against_o sir_n rhy_n who_o army_n he_o quick_o disperse_v and_o overthrow_v his_o castle_n of_o drefolan_n but_o not_o without_o the_o loss_n of_o some_o of_o his_o chief_a men._n for_o as_o they_o besiege_v and_o undermine_v the_o say_a castle_n the_o wall_n unexpected_o fall_v down_o by_o which_o unlucky_a accident_n several_a of_o the_o english_a be_v oppress_v and_o bruise_v to_o death_n among_o who_o be_v the_o lord_n strafford_n and_o the_o lord_n william_n de_fw-fr monchency_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o robert_z tiptost_a lord_n deputy_n of_o wales_n raise_v a_o very_a powerful_a army_n against_o sir_n rhys_n and_o after_o a_o slaughter_n of_o 4000_o of_o the_o welsh_a take_v he_o prisoner_n who_o the_o michaelmas_n follow_v at_o the_o king_n be_v go_v to_o scotland_n be_v condemn_v and_o execute_v at_o york_n a.d._n 1293_o but_o the_o death_n of_o sir_n rhys_n do_v not_o put_v a_o final_a period_n to_o all_o the_o quarrel_n betwixt_o the_o english_a and_o 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with_o great_a fury_n and_o courage_n face_v they_o and_o join_v battle_n force_v they_o back_o with_o a_o very_a considerable_a loss_n polydore_v virgil_n say_v but_o upon_o what_o authority_n be_v not_o know_v that_o the_o welsh_a obtain_v this_o victory_n rather_o upon_o the_o account_n that_o the_o english_a army_n be_v hire_v with_o such_o money_n as_o have_v be_v wrongful_o take_v out_o of_o the_o abbey_n and_o other_o religious_a place_n so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o judgement_n from_o above_o more_o than_o the_o force_n of_o the_o welsh_a that_o overcome_v the_o english_a army_n but_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o what_o it_o will_v it_o be_v certain_a the_o english_a be_v vanquish_v upon_o which_o account_n king_n edward_n come_v in_o person_n to_o wales_n and_o keep_v his_o christmas_n at_o aberconwey_n where_o robert_n winchelsey_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v return_v from_o rome_n come_v to_o he_o and_o have_v do_v homage_n return_v honourable_o again_o to_o england_n 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england_n both_o as_o to_o the_o substance_n and_o form_n of_o worship_n but_o what_o may_v more_o true_o be_v attribute_v to_o mr._n gouge_n be_v that_o since_o his_o travel_n into_o wales_n and_o the_o propagate_a of_o his_o doctrine_n among_o the_o ignorant_a of_o that_o country_n presbytery_n which_o before_o have_v scarce_o take_v root_n have_v daily_o increase_v and_o grow_v to_o a_o head_n henry_n elder_a son_n of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o be_v arrive_v to_o the_o age_n of_o seventeen_o year_n be_v create_v prince_n of_o wales_n on_o the_o 30_o of_o may_n anno_fw-la 1610_o but_o he_o die_v of_o a_o malignant_a fever_n about_o two_o year_n after_o his_o brother_n charles_n be_v fifteen_o year_n of_o age_n be_v create_v prince_n of_o wales_n in_o his_o room_n anno_fw-la 1615._o for_o joy_n of_o this_o new_a creation_n the_o town_n of_o ludlow_n and_o city_n of_o london_n perform_v very_o great_a triumph_n and_o the_o more_o to_o honour_v this_o solemnity_n the_o king_n make_v 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north-wales_n and_o son_n to_o kynan_n ap_fw-mi elfyn_n ap_fw-mi mor_fw-mi ap_fw-mi mynan_n ap_fw-mi isbwis_fw-mi newintyrche_fw-fr ap_fw-mi isbwis_fw-mi ap_fw-mi cadrod_n calch_n efynydd_n earl_n of_o dunstable_n and_o lord_n of_o northampton_n ap_fw-mi cywyd_n cindion_n ap_fw-mi cynfelyn_n ap_fw-mi arthuys_n ap_fw-mi morydd_n ap_fw-mi cynnaw_fw-mi ap_fw-mi coel_n godeboc_fw-fr king_n of_o britain_n of_o who_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o descend_v lineal_o by_o issue-male_n and_o be_v son_n to_o the_o say_v coel_n in_o the_o thirty_o first_o degree_n as_o it_o be_v approve_v by_o old_a chronicle_n in_o wales_n which_o coel_n be_v son_n of_o tegfan_n ap_fw-mi deheufraint_n ap_fw-mi tudâ—wyl_n ap_fw-mi urban_n ap_fw-mi gradd_n ap_fw-mi rhyfedel_n ap_fw-mi rhydeirne_n ap_fw-mi endigant_n ap_fw-mi endeyrn_n ap_fw-mi enid_n ap_fw-mi endos_fw-mi ap_fw-mi enddolaw_n ap_fw-mi afalach_n ap_fw-mi afflech_n ap_fw-mi beli_n mawr_fw-mi king_n of_o britain_n of_o who_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o descend_v by_o issue-male_n â—nd_n be_v son_n to_o he_o in_o forty_o one_o degree_n which_o beli_n be_v son_n to_o monnogon_n king_n ap_fw-mi king_n â—axor_fw-la ap_fw-mi king_n pyr_n ap_fw-mi king_n soul_fw-mi benissel_n ap_fw-mi rhytherech_n king_n ap_fw-mi rydion_n king_n ap_fw-mi eidol_n king_n ap_fw-mi arthafel_n king_n ap_fw-mi seissilt_fw-mi king_n ap_fw-mi owen_n king_n ap_fw-mi caxho_fw-mi king_n ap_fw-mi bleuddyd_v king_n â—p_n meirion_n king_n ap_fw-mi gwrgust_n king_n ap_fw-mi elydno_n king_n ap_fw-mi clydawc_n king_n ap_fw-mi ithel_n king_n ap_fw-mi urien_n king_n ap_fw-mi andrew_n king_n ap_fw-mi kereni_n king_n ap_fw-mi porrex_n king_n ap_fw-mi coel_n king_n ap_fw-mi cadell_n king_n ap_fw-mi geraint_n king_n ap_fw-mi elidr_n king_n ap_fw-mi morydd_n king_n ap_fw-mi dan_fw-mi king_n ap_fw-mi seissilt_fw-mi king_n ap_fw-mi cyâ—elyn_n king_n ap_fw-mi gwrgan_n king_n alias_o farfâ—rwch_v ap_fw-mi beli_n king_n ap_fw-mi dyfnwal_n king_n ap_fw-mi dodion_n king_n ap_fw-mi enyd_v ap_fw-mi kwrwyd_n ap_fw-mi cyrdon_v ap_fw-mi dyfufarth_n prydain_n ap_fw-mi aedd_fw-mi mawr_fw-mi ap_fw-mi antonius_n ap_fw-mi seisillt_n king_n ap_fw-mi rhegaw_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o king_n lyr_n and_o wife_n of_o henwin_n prince_n of_o cornwall_n this_o lyr_n be_v son_n of_o bleuddyd_v ab_fw-la rhunbaladr_n brâs_fw-la ap_fw-mi lleon_n ap_fw-mi brutus_n darian_n lâ_v ap_fw-mi effroc_n cadarn_n ap_fw-mi mymbyr_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n ap_fw-mi locrine_n ap_fw-mi brutus_n which_o inherit_v first_o this_o land_n and_o after_o his_o name_n be_v call_v britain_n and_o have_v three_o son_n locrine_n kamber_n and_o albanactus_n locrine_n the_o elder_a part_v the_o isle_n with_o his_o brethren_n and_o keep_v half_o the_o land_n for_o himself_o and_o call_v it_o loegria_n kamber_n second_o son_n have_v the_o land_n beyond_o severn_n and_o name_v it_o kambria_n in_o english_a wales_n albanactus_n have_v scotland_n which_o he_o then_o call_v albania_n after_o his_o own_o name_n of_o which_o brute_n king_n henry_n the_o seven_o be_v lineal_o descend_v by_o issue-male_n save_v one_o woman_n and_o be_v son_n to_o brute_n in_o five_o score_n degree_n how_o owen_n grandsire_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o come_v of_o beli_n mawr_n by_o angharad_n mother_n to_o ednyfed_a by_o issue-female_a by_o gittin_n owen_n and_o sir_n john_n leiaf_n book_n the_o mother_n of_o ednyfed_a be_v angharad_n daughter_n of_o hwfa_n ap_fw-mi cyner_n ap_fw-mi rhywallon_n ap_fw-mi ding_v ap_fw-mi tudor_n trefor_n ap_fw-mi mymbyr_n ap_fw-mi cadfarch_n ap_fw-mi gwrgenaw_n ap_fw-mi gwaethiawe_fw-mi ap_fw-mi bywyn_n ap_fw-mi biordderch_n ap_fw-mi gwriawn_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwnnan_n ap_fw-mi gwnfiw_o frych_a ap_fw-mi cadell_n dehurnlluc_n ap_fw-mi pasgan_n ap_fw-mi rhydwf_n ap_fw-mi rhudd_v fedel_n frych_a ap_fw-mi cyndeirn_n ap_fw-mi gwrtheirn_n gwrthenau_n call_v in_o english_a vertiger_n by_o who_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o by_o the_o foresay_a angharad_n mother_n to_o ednyfed_a fychan_n and_o wife_n to_o cyner_n ab_fw-la jer_n ap_fw-mi gwgon_fw-mi be_v son_n to_o the_o say_v vortiger_n in_o thirty_o degree_n which_o vortiger_n be_v son_n to_o rhydeyrn_n ap_fw-mi
the_o welsh_a 128._o flemings_n settle_v in_o part_n of_o wales_n 128._o g._n gallio_n rout_v the_o scot_n and_o pict_n 2._o build_v a_o wall_n across_o the_o land_n ibid._n gam_n sir_n david_n imprison_v by_o owen_n glyndyfwr_n and_o release_v 321._o revolt_v from_o owen_n ibid._n his_o answer_n in_o france_n to_o henry_n v._o concern_v the_o french_a army_n mortal_o wound_v at_o agincourt_n knight_v and_o die_v 322._o gavelkind_a that_o custom_n in_o wales_n 22._o geoffrey_n of_o monmouth_n make_v bishop_n of_o st._n david_n 171._o glamorgan_n lordship_n describe_v 314._o the_o best_a of_o it_o fitzhamon_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o norman_n keep_v to_o himself_o 115._o godwyn_n earl_n rebel_n against_o king_n edward_n 89._o invade_v the_o land_n and_o be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n 90._o dies_z sudden_o sit_v at_o the_o king_n table_n 91._o grace_n reginald_n lord_n of_o ruthyn_n take_v prisoner_n by_o owen_n glyndyfwr_n and_o ransom_v 316_o 317._o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n declare_v prince_n of_o north-wales_n 84._o his_o country_n invade_v by_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n and_o rout_v by_o he_o 85._o reduce_v all_o wales_n under_o his_o subjection_n ibid._n rout_n howel_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n at_o pencader_n ibid._n take_a prisoner_n by_o the_o irish_a under_o the_o command_n of_o jago_n ap_fw-mi edwal_n and_o recover_v by_o his_o own_o man_n 87._o overcome_v and_o slay_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhyderch_n and_o his_o army_n etc._n etc._n ibid._n conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o harold_n king_n edward_n general_n 94._o his_o palace_n at_o ruthlan_n burn_v by_o the_o english_a ibid._n prince_n gruffydh_n murder_v by_o harold_n contrivance_n after_o he_o have_v reign_v 30_o year_n 95._o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n confirm_v in_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n 109._o refuse_v at_o first_o a_o accommodation_n with_o king_n henry_n at_o last_o sue_v and_o obtain_v peace_n 141._o caressed_a by_o the_o king_n and_o promise_v to_o deliver_v up_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n 143._o dies_fw-la 158._o his_o issue_n 159._o gruffydh_fw-mi the_o son_n of_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi tudor_n lay_v claim_v to_o south-wales_n 143._o fly_n to_o north-wales_n 143._o wish_a with_o his_o brother_n howel_n to_o withdraw_v into_o south-wales_n 144._o force_a to_o bid_v open_a defiance_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n ibid._n the_o fleming_n and_o welsh_a lord_n join_v together_o to_o oppose_v he_o 145._o he_o take_v caermardhyn_n 146._o invite_v to_o the_o government_n of_o cardiganshire_n ibid._n succeed_v 147._o war_n at_o aberystwyth_n 148._o invidious_o dispossess_v of_o his_o estate_n 154._o dies_z 158._o gruffydh_fw-mi son_n to_o the_o lord_n rhys_n succeed_v his_o father_n 116._o plague_v with_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n 219._o a_o hopeful_a prince_n dies_z 222._o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi gwynedh_fw-mi bury_v in_o a_o monk_n cowl_n the_o superstition_n of_o it_o 221._o gruffydh_fw-mi prince_n david_n brother_n endeavour_v to_o make_v his_o escape_n out_o of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n break_v his_o neck_n 263._o his_o body_n recover_v and_o convey_v to_o conwey_n and_o honourable_o bury_v 270._o gruffydh_n llwyd_n knight_v by_o king_n edward_n i._o rebel_n 311._o treat_v with_o sir_n robert_n bruce_n for_o succour_n against_o the_o english_a with_o his_o letter_n to_o he_o ibid._n overruns_a north-wales_n and_o the_o march_n and_o be_v take_v prisoner_n 313._o gurmundus_fw-la a_o norwegian_a from_o ireland_n invade_v britain_n 7._o gwenwynwyn_n worsted_n by_o the_o english_a 218._o refuse_v homage_n to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n 222._o at_o last_o consent_n to_o it_o 223._o detain_v prisoner_n at_o shrewsbury_n 225._o set_a at_o liberty_n re-gain_n his_o country_n 228._o revolt_v from_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o be_v dispossess_v 242._o h._n harold_n succeed_v canute_n his_o brother_n in_o england_n 83._o dies_z and_o be_v succeed_v by_o hardi_n canute_n his_o brother_n 85._o harold_n favour_n with_o the_o king_n envy_v by_o his_o brother_n tosty_o who_o barbarous_o murder_v his_o man_n at_o his_o house_n in_o hereford_n and_o his_o say_v 7._o make_a king_n 98._o slay_a 100_o haste_v a_o dane_n invade_v france_n 40._o his_o policy_n to_o obtain_v limogis_n 41._o his_o cruelty_n ibid._n henry_n i._n his_o partiality_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o norman_n 127._o make_v his_o brother_n robert_n prisoner_n and_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n 128._o kind_a to_o cadwgan_n the_o father_n of_o owen_n 132_o invade_v wales_n with_o three_o army_n 140._o overcome_v the_o french_a king_n 151._o lose_a his_o child_n at_o sea_n and_o marry_v 152._o invade_v wales_n in_o danger_n ibid._n agree_v with_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o return_n 153._o his_o death_n and_o successor_n 156._o henry_n ii_o send_v the_o fleming_n into_o west-wales_n 173._o invite_v to_o the_o conquest_n of_o wales_n ibid._n repulse_v and_o in_o danger_n of_o his_o life_n 174._o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o prince_n owen_n 175._o quarrel_n and_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o france_n 187._o invade_v wales_n and_o bring_v prince_n rhys_n to_o do_v he_o homage_n 188._o invade_v wales_n again_o with_o a_o most_o potent_a army_n 190._o return_v without_o any_o thing_n memorable_a and_o for_o revenge_n put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o hostage_n 191._o make_v a_o three_o expedition_n into_o wales_n to_o as_o little_a purpose_n ibid._n pass_n through_o wales_n receive_v homage_n of_o prince_n rhys_n in_o his_o way_n to_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n 198_o 199._o return_v through_o wales_n and_o incline_v to_o leave_v it_o in_o a_o peaceable_a condition_n 199_o 200._o engage_v in_o a_o civil_a war_n against_o his_o son_n henry_n 201._o make_v a_o peace_n with_o france_n and_o his_o child_n force_v to_o submit_v 202._o dies_z 209._o henry_n iii_o king_n of_o england_n invade_v wales_n and_o be_v worsted_n 251._o invade_v wales_n again_o 254._o make_v henry_n of_o mâ—nmouth_n his_o general_n against_o the_o welsh_a but_o with_o in_o suâ—â—ess_n 255_o lament_n the_o death_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o pembrock_n 256._o invade_v wales_n and_o make_v prince_n david_n to_o submit_v 261_o 2_o 2_o invade_v wales_n 263._o fight_v the_o welsh_a with_o no_o success_n and_o invite_v the_o irish_a into_o anglesey_n 265._o oppress_v wales_n and_o return_v dissatisfy_v 269_o 270._o item_n 274._o waste_v the_o border_n 275._o require_v a_o subsidy_n to_o subdue_v wales_n 276._o dies_fw-la 280._o henry_n elder_a son_n to_o henry_n iv_o create_v prince_n of_o w._n 318._o henry_n iv_o make_v unmerciful_a law_n against_o the_o welsh_a 319._o henry_n duke_n of_o york_n create_v prince_n of_o wales_n 324._o henry_n vii_o grant_v the_o welsh_v a_o charter_n of_o liberty_n and_o direct_v a_o commission_n to_o inquire_v into_o the_o birth_n and_o quality_n of_o his_o grandfather_n owen_n tudor_n 325._o henry_n viii_o incorporate_v the_o welsh_a with_o the_o english_a 326._o henry_n elder_a son_n to_o king_n james_n create_v prince_n of_o wales_n 328._o howel_n dha_n prefer_v to_o be_v prince_n of_o all_o wales_n 50._o his_o law_n ibid._n go_v to_o rome_n to_o have_v they_o confirm_v 51._o his_o death_n and_o issue_n 53._o howel_n ap_fw-mi jevan_fw-mi expel_v his_o uncle_n jago_n and_o take_v the_o government_n of_o wales_n upon_o he_o â—9_n at_o last_o agree_v 60._o kill_v edwal_n fychan_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o ibid._n overthrow_v the_o dane_n 61._o invade_v england_n and_o be_v slay_v 62._o he_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o brother_n cadwalhan_n who_o be_v quick_o slay_v 63._o howel_n and_o meredith_n prince_n lhewelyn_n murderer_n invite_v the_o irish_a scot_n into_o south-wales_n 82._o slay_v rhydderch_n and_o take_v the_o government_n 83._o meredith_n slay_v by_o the_o son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n ibid._n howel_n attempt_v the_o recovery_n of_o south-wales_n be_v overcome_v and_o slay_v by_o prince_n gruffydh_n near_o tywy-head_n 87._o howel_n ap_fw-mi grono_n drive_v out_o of_o rydcors_n castle_n by_o the_o norman_n 126._o base_o betray_v to_o they_o and_o murder_v 127._o howel_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwynedh_fw-mi win_v the_o castle_n of_o ewyas_n 167._o with_o his_o brother_n conan_n quarrel_n with_o their_o uncle_n cadwallader_n besiege_v and_o take_v the_o castle_n of_o cynfael_n from_o he_o 168._o make_v cadwallader_n his_o prisoner_n and_o possess_v his_o land_n ib._n he_o lose_v all_o his_o country_n to_o cadelh_n meredith_n and_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi who_o put_v the_o garrison_n of_o llanâ—hystyd_n to_o the_o sword_n 169._o i._o iago_n ap_fw-mi edwal_n recover_v his_o right_n to_o north-wales_n 82._o slay_a in_o battle_n against_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n 84._o ifor_n send_v into_o britain_n with_o a_o army_n by_o his_o father_n alan_n 13._o rout_n the_o saxon_n ibid._n marry_v ethelburga_n â—entwyn's_n cousin_n and_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o west-saxon_a kingdom_n 14._o found_v glastenbury-abby_n ib._n dye_v at_o rome_n 15._o john_n archdeacon_n of_o llanbadarn_n die_v and_o be_v
canonize_v 160._o john_n k._n of_o england_n in_o his_o way_n to_o ireland_n through_o wales_n discharge_v a_o criminal_a that_o murder_v a_o priest_n 226._o famish_v will_n de_fw-fr bruce_n and_o maud_n his_o aunt_n at_o windsor_n after_o his_o return_n 227._o the_o reason_n of_o his_o cruelty_n and_o disaffection_n to_o priest_n ib._n march_v with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o wales_n and_o return_n without_o success_n 229_o 230._o make_v a_o second_o expedition_n ib._n order_n foulk_n viscount_n cardyff_fw-mi to_o subdue_v those_o that_o oppose_v in_o south-wales_n and_o they_o at_o last_o do_v he_o homage_n but_o quick_o revolt_v 231_o 232._o make_v a_o expedition_n into_o wales_n 229._o make_v a_o second_o and_o three_o and_o hang_v the_o welsh_a pledge_n reconcile_v himself_o to_o rome_n and_o engage_v in_o a_o civil_a war_n with_o his_o baron_n 237._o dies_z and_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n henry_n 242._o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n revolt_v from_o the_o earl_n of_o salop_n 124._o base_o use_v by_o k._n henry_n for_o it_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o 125._o deliver_v out_o of_o prison_n 133._o forbid_v owen_n and_o madawc_n to_o retire_v to_o his_o estate_n 134._o beset_v and_o slay_v by_o madawc_n and_o llywarch_n ap_fw-mi trahern_n 137._o joseph_n bishop_n of_o llandaff_n die_v at_o rome_n 88_o ireland_n molest_v with_o locust_n 42._o ithel_n king_n of_o gwent_n slay_v 28._o l._n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sytsylht_n make_v himself_o prince_n of_o all_o wales_n 79._o his_o good_a government_n ib._n slay_v meuric_n that_o rebel_v against_o he_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n 80._o suppress_v another_o rebellion_n 81._o base_o slay_v ibid._n lhewelyn_n p._n of_o north-wales_n take_v david_n ap_fw-mi owen_n prisoner_n 217._o receive_v homage_n of_o most_o of_o the_o welsh_a lord_n 222._o conquer_v gwenwynwyn_n country_n 225._o make_v a_o expedition_n into_o south-w_n and_o maelgon_n flee_v 225_o 226._o marry_v joan_n king_n john_n daughter_n 224._o sue_v and_o obtain_v peace_n of_o the_o king_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o wife_n 231._o animate_v the_o lord_n of_o north-wales_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o a_o revolt_n against_o the_o king_n 233._o dispossess_v the_o english_a of_o all_o their_o hold_n in_o his_o country_n 237._o take_v shrewsbury_n though_o excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n 238._o subdue_v cardigan_n and_o carmarthen_n 240._o reconcile_v the_o â—onds_n in_o south-wales_n 241._o subdue_v powis_n 242._o refuse_v assistance_n to_o king_n john_n against_o the_o dauphine_n ibid._n make_v rynald_n bruce_n who_o have_v revolt_v submit_v to_o he_o â—43_n receive_v the_o submission_n and_o allegiance_n of_o the_o fleming_n in_o dyfed_a ibid._n subdue_v the_o revolt_a flemings_n again_o 246._o make_v his_o son_n gruffydh_n submit_v ibid._n complain_v of_o to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o young_a rhys_n adju_v matter_n with_o he_o 247._o seize_v the_o castle_n of_o william_n marshal_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n in_o wales_n and_o occasion_n a_o war_n between_o they_o 247_o 248._o worst_n the_o english_a army_n pay_v homage_n to_o henry_n iii_o 249._o destroy_v the_o march_n 252._o make_v a_o descent_n upon_o england_n 253._o be_v join_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n against_o king_n henry_n rout_v his_o army_n 254._o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o the_o king_n territory_n 255._o make_v peace_n with_o the_o king_n 256._o set_v his_o son_n gruffydh_n at_o liberty_n ibid._n bury_v his_o princess_n joan_n 257._o force_a to_o quit_v the_o siege_n of_o ruthlan_n 258._o make_v the_o welsh_a do_v homage_n to_o his_o son_n david_n ibid._n die_n his_o character_n and_o issue_n â—59_n llewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi and_o owen_n gôch_v his_o brother_n declare_v prince_n of_o north-wales_n 269._o quarrel_n and_o owen_n with_o his_o brother_n david_n make_v close_a prisoner_n 271._o recover_v the_o inland_n country_n of_o north-wales_n from_o the_o english_a 272._o waste_v cheshire_n ibid._n beat_v the_o irish_a by_o sea_n 273._o desire_n peace_n with_o the_o king_n but_o fail_v 277._o kind_a to_o sir_n roger_n mortimer_n 278._o make_v a_o peace_n by_o the_o pope_n mediation_n with_o the_o king_n 279._o refuse_v to_o attend_v upon_o king_n edward_n coronation_n 280._o the_o reason_n for_o his_o refusal_n 281._o a_o accident_n make_v he_o pliable_a 283._o severe_a condition_n of_o peace_n impose_v upon_o he_o 284._o marry_a to_o elinor_n earl_n montfords_n daughter_n at_o worcester_n 285._o reconcile_v with_o his_o brother_n david_n and_o join_v against_o the_o english_a 286._o offer_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n conditional_o 292._o send_v a_o letter_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o general_a answer_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o his_o proposal_n 293_o 294_o 295._o betray_v in_o buellt_n and_o kill_v 297._o london_n besiege_v by_o the_o dane_n 65._o m._n mahael_n dispossess_v of_o his_o inheritance_n by_o his_o unnatural_a mother_n nest_n mean_n and_o how_o 115._o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n prince_n of_o powis_n stick_v to_o the_o english_a interest_n 173._o madawc_n reconcile_v to_o king_n henry_n 138._o take_a prisoner_n by_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethin_n 139._o have_v his_o eye_n pull_v out_o by_o owen_n ibid._n madawc_n ab_fw-la owen_n gwynedh_n sail_v into_o america_n 196._o plant_n a_o colony_n there_o ib._n maelgon_n disturb_v south-wales_n 228._o beat_v by_o his_o nephew_n rhys_n and_o owen_n 229._o march_v earl_n of_o marry_v owen_n glyndwr_n daughter_n 318._o consent_v by_o indenture_n to_o divide_v england_n between_o owen_n piercy_n and_o himself_o 318._o maud_n the_o empress_n land_n in_o england_n and_o be_v receive_v at_o arundel_n 162._o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n possess_v of_o all_o wales_n 64._o dispossess_v of_o north-wales_n 67._o and_o rout_v by_o edwal_n ap_fw-mi meuric_n their_o new_a prince_n 68_o die_v without_o issue_n male_a 69._o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n make_v prince_n of_o south-wales_n 96._o slay_a in_o battle_n against_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi 102._o meredith_n and_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi prevail_v in_o south-wales_n 171._o meredith_n death_n and_o character_n 172._o merfyn_n frych_a be_v make_v king_n of_o wales_n 24._o be_v slay_v 27._o merlin_n ambrose_n and_o sylvester_n their_o time_n country_n and_o prophecy_n 10_o 11._o morgan_z hên_o die_v a_o hundred_o year_n old_a his_o marriage_n estate_n and_o issue_v 58._o morgan_z ap_fw-mi owen_n kill_v robert_n fitz-gilbert_n and_o his_o son_n 157._o slay_v 175._o morgan_z ap_fw-mi cadogan_n repent_v of_o his_o murder_n commit_v 156._o murder_n commit_v 156._o item_n 163._o n._n newmarch_n a_o norman_a obtain_v the_o lordship_n of_o brecknock_n and_o marry_v nest_n daughter_n to_o llewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi 115._o norman_n twice_o decimate_v and_o put_v to_o death_n in_o england_n 86._o they_o waste_v and_o plunder_v dyfe_v 103._o they_o seize_v upon_o the_o lordship_n of_o glamorgan_n 113._o the_o name_n of_o the_o adventurer_n ibid._n they_o possess_v themselves_o of_o several_a lordship_n in_o wales_n 117._o divers_a of_o they_o slay_v in_o cardigan_n ibid._n rout_v again_o by_o cadwgan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n and_o their_o castle_n destroy_v 118._o slaughter_v divers_a time_n by_o the_o welsh_a and_o force_v to_o quit_v the_o country_n 119_o 120._o northumberland_n invade_v by_o the_o scot_n 109._o o._n offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n make_v a_o ditch_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n 20._o his_o death_n 21._o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n a_o traitor_n to_o his_o country_n 121._o make_a prince_n of_o wales_n by_o the_o english_a but_o soon_o lose_v it_o 122._o his_o death_n and_o pedigree_n 126._o owen_n the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n enamour_v of_o nest_n the_o wife_n of_o gerald_n king_n henry_n lieutenant_n in_o wales_n 129._o steal_v she_o away_o ibid._n fly_v into_o ireland_n 135._o return_n and_o waste_v the_o country_n in_o conjunction_n with_o maradoc_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n 133._o his_o man_n slay_v a_o english_a bishop_n the_o cause_n of_o cadwgan_n his_o father_n be_v dispossess_v of_o his_o estate_n 135._o force_v to_o flee_v into_o ireland_n with_o madawc_n ibid._n return_n and_o be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n 138._o divide_v madawc's_o estate_n between_o himself_o and_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n 139._o flee_v for_o fear_n of_o king_n henry_n into_o north-wales_n 140._o reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n 141._o owen_n be_v brave_a and_o knight_v in_o normandy_n 142._o employ_v by_o king_n henry_n against_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n 148._o slay_v by_o gerald_n 149._o owen_n gwynedh_n succeed_v prince_n of_o north-wales_n 160._o mighty_o concern_v at_o the_o death_n of_o his_o son_n run_v 165._o take_v and_o race_n the_o castle_n of_o mould_n 166._o pull_v out_o his_o nephew_n cunedah_n eye_n and_o castrate_v he_o 170._o be_v provoke_v invade_v llandhinam_n 193._o dies_fw-la his_o character_n and_o issue_n 194._o owen_n cyfeilioc_n and_o owen_n fychan_n dispossess_v jorwerth_n gôch_o of_o his_o estate_n in_o powis_n 192._o cyfeilioc_fw-la dies_fw-la
and_o have_v these_o comot_n coleigion_n lhannerch_n and_o dogueilyn_n the_o five_o cantref_n be_v tegengl_n and_o now_o be_v a_o part_n of_o flintshire_n have_v these_o comot_n câ—nâ—syshe_a prestatyn_n and_o ruthlan_n and_o in_o this_o part_n be_v one_o of_o the_o fair_a valley_n within_o this_o isle_n contain_v 18_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o 4_o 5_o 6_o or_o 7_o in_o breadth_n as_o the_o hill_n either_o draw_v inward_a together_o or_o backward_o asunder_o which_o high_a hill_n do_v enclose_v it_o on_o the_o east_n west_n and_o south_n part_n and_o northward_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v plentiful_a of_o cattle_n fish_n and_o fowl_n corn_n hey_o grass_n and_o wood_n and_o divide_v along_o in_o the_o midst_n with_o the_o river_n clwyd_n to_o who_o run_v clywedoe_v ystrat_n whilar_n elwy_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o other_o river_n from_o the_o hill_n in_o this_o valley_n two_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n 1._o ann._n 12._o edw._n 1._o where_o sometime_o a_o parliament_n have_v be_v keep_v and_o two_o mile_n above_o it_o be_v the_o seâ—_n of_o sr._n asaph_n between_z the_o rivers_z clwyd_n and_o elwy_n call_v in_o the_o old_a time_n the_o bishop_n see_v of_o dhan-elwy_a four_o mile_n thence_o and_o two_o mile_n from_o the_o river_n be_v situate_a upon_o a_o rock_n the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o denbigh_n where_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a market_n in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n and_o one_o of_o the_o fair_a and_o strong_a castle_n within_o this_o realm_n which_o be_v the_o house_n of_o david_n brother_n to_o lhewelyn_n the_o last_o prince_n of_o the_o welch-blood_n be_v enlarge_v and_o strengthen_v by_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n to_o who_o king_n edward_n give_v the_o same_o lordship_n it_o be_v also_o the_o shire-town_n of_o that_o shire_n five_o mile_n above_o this_o be_v the_o town_n of_o ruthyn_n with_o a_o fair_a castle_n which_o sometime_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n grey_a earl_n of_o kent_n this_o part_n of_o north-wales_n have_v upon_o the_o north_n the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o the_o sea_n upon_o the_o west_n arfon_n and_o the_o river_n conwey_n south_n and_o east_n merionyth_n and_o the_o country_n then_o call_v powy_n and_o these_o be_v the_o mere_n and_o bound_n of_o gwynedh_n or_o venedotia_n for_o the_o name_n of_o north_n wales_n contain_v beside_o this_o all_o powy_n at_o these_o day_n so_o there_o be_v und_fw-ge r_o the_o territory_n of_o aberffraw_n fifteen_o cantred_n and_o in_o they_o thirty_o eight_o comot_n the_o second_o kingdom_n be_v mathrafal_n powy_n mathrafal_n or_o powy_n which_o in_o right_a order_n be_v the_o three_o as_o that_o which_o come_v to_o the_o three_o brother_n yet_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o history_n follow_v i_o have_v place_v it_o here_o to_o this_o kingdom_n belong_v the_o country_n of_o powy_n and_o the_o land_n betwixt_o why_o and_o severn_n which_o part_n have_v upon_o the_o south_n and_o west_n south-wales_n with_o the_o river_n why_o and_o tywy_a and_o other_o mere_n upon_o the_o north_n gwynedh_n and_o upon_o the_o east_n the_o march_n of_o england_n from_o chester_n to_o why_o a_o little_a above_o hereford_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v most_o trouble_v with_o war_n as_o well_o of_o the_o saxon_n as_o afterward_o of_o the_o norman_n lord_n marcher_n who_o daily_o win_v some_o part_n thereof_o and_o by_o â—hat_n mean_v it_o be_v the_o first_o part_n that_o serve_v the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o less_o esteem_v of_o all_o the_o â—est_n this_o part_n call_v powy_n be_v divide_v again_o into_o powy_n fadoc_n and_o powy_n wenwynwyn_n powy_n fadocâ—ontained_v â—ontained_z in_o itself_o five_o cantred_n and_o fifteen_o coâ—ots_n cantref_o y_o barwn_n which_o have_v three_o comot_n dynâ—ael_n edeyrneon_n and_o glyndourdwy_n which_o be_v now_o in_o merionyth_n shire_n save_v dinmael_n which_o be_v in_o denbigh-â—ire_n cantref_n y_fw-fr rhiw_n who_o comot_n be_v these_o yellow_a â—ow_z in_o denbighshire_n ystratalyn_n and_o hop_v now_o in_o flint-â—â—ire_n cantref_o vwchnant_n have_v these_o comot_n merfforth_n in_o flintshire_n maelor_n gymraeg_n in_o english_a bromfield_n now_o in_o denbighshire_n and_o maelor_n saesneg_v in_o flintshire_n cantref_o trefred_n contain_v these_o comot_n croesfain_n tref_n y_fw-fr wayn_n in_o english_a chirke_n and_o in_o denbighshire_n croesoswallt_n in_o english_a oswestrey_n and_o in_o shrop-shire_n cantref_o rhaiyder_n with_o his_o comot_n mochnant_n israiyder_n cynlhaeth_n and_o nanheudwy_n all_o in_o chirke-land_n and_o in_o denbighshire_n also_o the_o lordship_n of_o whytington_n now_o in_o shrop-shire_n be_v in_o this_o part_n of_o powy_n which_o part_n at_o this_o day_n have_v lose_v the_o name_n of_o powy_n and_o be_v situate_v in_o divers_a shire_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o discourse_n before_o pass_v in_o this_o part_n be_v the_o castle_n of_o holt_n in_o bromfield_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o chirke_n in_o chirke-land_n likewise_o the_o lordship_n and_o castle_n of_o whytington_n which_o come_v by_o marriage_n to_o foulk_n fitzwarren_a there_o be_v beside_o these_o the_o lordship_n of_o oswestry_n of_o the_o which_o the_o fitzalans_n have_v be_v lord_n these_o 300_o and_o odd_a year_n and_o of_o divers_a other_o lordship_n in_o those_o march_n as_o shrarden_n the_o eleven_o town_n clun_n and_o many_o other_o which_o be_v all_o now_o in_o shrop-shire_n the_o second_o part_n call_v powy_n wenwynwyn_n have_v likewise_o five_o cantred_n and_o twelve_o comot_n cantref_n y_fw-fr fyrnwy_n have_v these_o comot_n mochnant_n â—wch_v rayader_n mechain_n iscoed_n and_o lbannerch_n hudol_n cantref_o ystlyc_a have_v these_o deuthwr_fw-mi gorthwr_fw-mi isaf_n and_o ystrat_a marchelh_n cantref_o lhyswynaf_n have_v these_o caerneon_n and_o mechain_n vwchcoed_n cantref_o cydewen_n have_v comot_n conan_n and_o comot_n hauren_n cantref_o conan_n have_v cyfeilioc_n and_o mouthwy_n which_o be_v now_o in_o merionythshire_n of_o all_o these_o the_o three_o first_o cantred_n do_v only_o at_o this_o day_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o powy_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o north-side_n of_o severn_n and_o be_v all_o five_o save_v the_o comot_n of_o mowthwy_n in_o mongomeryshire_n this_o be_v a_o country_n full_a of_o wood_n hill_n and_o river_n and_o have_v in_o it_o these_o town_n the_o pool_n new-town_n and_o machynlhaeth_n arust_o be_v in_o old_a time_n in_o this_o part_n but_o afterward_o it_o come_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o gwynedh_n these_o lordship_n come_v by_o just_a descent_n from_o the_o prince_n thereof_o to_o a_o woman_n name_v hawys_n the_o daughter_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi arust_o and_o cyfeilioc_n come_v to_o the_o baron_n of_o dudley_n and_o afterward_o it_o be_v sell_v to_o the_o king_n the_o three_o part_n belong_v to_o mathrafal_n be_v the_o land_n between_o why_o and_o severn_n contain_v four_o cantred_n and_o thirteen_o comot_n cantref_o melienyth_n have_v these_o comot_n ceri_fw-la swydhygre_n rhiwalalht_n and_o glyn_n jeithon_n cantref_o elfel_n have_v these_o vwchmynydh_fw-mi ismynydh_fw-mi and_o lhechdhyfnog_n cantref_n y_fw-fr clawdh_n these_o dyffryn_n teyfediat_a swydhynogen_n and_o pennwelht_n cantref_o buelht_n have_v these_o swydh_fw-mi y_fw-fr fam_n dreulys_n and_o isyrwon_a of_o this_o part_n there_o be_v at_o this_o day_n some_o in_o montgomery-shire_n some_o in_o radnor-shire_n and_o some_o in_o brecknockshire_n in_o this_o part_n and_o in_o the_o lordship_n march_v to_o it_o which_o although_o at_o the_o time_n of_o this_o division_n which_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o last_o prince_n be_v not_o in_o his_o subjection_n yet_o to_o this_o day_n speak_v welch_n and_o be_v call_v wales_n and_o in_o these_o comot_n be_v these_o town_n and_o castle_n montgomery_n call_v in_o welsh_a trefaldwyn_n a_o pretty_a town_n and_o a_o fair_a castle_n the_o castle_n of_o clun_n call_v colunwy_n which_o be_v the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n the_o town_n of_o knighton_n in_o welsh_a trefyclawd_v the_o castle_n of_o cymaron_n presteyn_fw-mi in_o welsh_a lhanandras_n the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o radnor_n in_o welch_n maesyfe_v at_o this_o day_n the_o shire_n town_n the_o town_n of_o kington_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o huntingdon_n call_v in_o welsh_a y_fw-fr castelh_n main_a which_o be_v the_o bohun_v earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o after_o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n castle_n payne_n haye_n lhanfair_n in_o buelht_n these_o lordship_n with_o brecknock_n and_o abergefenny_n be_v belong_v to_o the_o bruce_n lord_n of_o brecknock_n and_o after_o come_v divers_a time_n and_o by_o sundry_a mean_n to_o the_o bohun_v nevil_n and_o mortimer_n and_o so_o as_o i_o have_v rehearse_v in_o this_o territory_n or_o kingdom_n be_v find_v fourteen_o cantred_n and_o forty_o comot_n two_o of_o these_o part_n which_o be_v powy_n and_o gwynedh_n be_v at_o this_o day_n call_v north-wales_n and_o divide_v into_o six_o shiâ—es_n mòn_n call_v anglesey_n caernarvon_n merionyth_n denbigh_n flint_n and_o
and_o have_v a_o great_a number_n of_o their_o man_n slay_v after_o this_o nothing_o remarkable_a fall_v out_o for_o a_o considerable_a time_n unless_o it_o be_v that_o david_n be_v release_v out_o of_o prison_n by_o prince_n lhewelyn_n his_o brother_n most_o ungrateful_o forsake_v he_o and_o with_o all_o his_o might_n side_v with_o his_o enemy_n the_o english_a also_o gruffydh_n ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n have_v take_v the_o castle_n of_o mold_n demolish_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n during_o this_o quiet_a and_o unactive_a interval_n in_o wales_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n the_o main_a support_n and_o defender_n of_o south-wales_n die_v to_o the_o great_a disadvantage_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o that_o country_n and_o now_o indeed_o the_o welsh_a be_v like_a to_o be_v a.d._n 1268_o make_v sensible_a of_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o considerable_a a_o person_n for_o king_n henry_n be_v resolve_v once_o more_o to_o lead_v a_o army_n into_o wales_n and_o to_o see_v if_o he_o can_v have_v better_a success_n than_o he_o have_v hitherto_o against_o the_o welsh_a but_o when_o he_o be_v prepare_v to_o undertake_v this_o expedition_n ottobonus_n pope_n clement_n legate_n in_o england_n interpose_v and_o mediate_v a_o peace_n which_o be_v conclude_v upon_o at_o the_o castle_n of_o montgomery_n wherein_o it_o be_v article_v that_o prince_n lhewelyn_n shall_v give_v the_o king_n 30000_o mark_n and_o the_o king_n be_v to_o grant_v the_o prince_n a_o charter_n from_o thenceforth_o to_o receive_v homage_n and_o fealty_n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n and_o baron_n of_o wales_n beside_o one_o so_o that_o they_o can_v hold_v their_o land_n of_o no_o other_o but_o himself_o and_o from_o thence_o forward_o he_o be_v to_o be_v lawful_o style_v prince_n of_o wales_n this_o charter_n be_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v as_o well_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n as_o the_o king_n seal_n prince_n lhewelyn_n desist_v from_o any_o far_a act_n of_o hostility_n and_o punctual_o observe_v all_o the_o article_n of_o agreement_n betwixt_o he_o and_o king_n henry_n so_o that_o nothing_o more_o be_v outrageous_o transact_v between_o the_o english_a and_o welsh_a during_o the_o remainder_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n within_o that_o space_n die_v grono_n ap_fw-mi ednyfe_v fychan_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a lord_n of_o the_o prince_n council_n and_o short_o after_o he_o gruffydh_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n who_o lie_v bury_v at_o vale-crucis_a a.d._n 1272_o but_o the_o death_n of_o king_n henry_n put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o peace_n betwixt_o the_o english_a and_o welch_n who_o die_v on_o the_o 16_o day_n of_o november_n this_o year_n leave_v this_o kingdom_n to_o his_o son_n edward_n prince_n edward_n be_v then_o in_o the_o holy-land_n and_o very_o active_a against_o those_o enemy_n of_o christianity_n the_o turk_n where_o he_o have_v already_o continue_v above_o a_o year_n but_o understand_v of_o his_o father_n death_n and_o that_o in_o his_o absence_n he_o be_v proclaim_v king_n of_o england_n he_o make_v all_o haste_n to_o return_v to_o receive_v the_o solemnity_n of_o coronation_n but_o what_o by_o the_o tediousness_n of_o the_o journey_n and_o what_o by_o be_v honourable_o detain_v at_o prince_n court_n in_o his_o way_n it_o be_v two_o year_n before_o he_o can_v get_v into_o england_n then_o upon_o the_o 15_o of_o august_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1274._o he_o be_v crown_v at_o westminster_n prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v summon_v to_o attend_v at_o his_o coronation_n but_o he_o flat_o refuse_v to_o appear_v unless_o upon_o sure_a term_n of_o safe_a conduct_n for_o have_v offend_v several_a of_o the_o english_a nobility_n he_o can_v not_o in_o safety_n pass_v through_o their_o country_n without_o the_o danger_n of_o expose_v his_o person_n to_o the_o inveterate_a malice_n and_o acceptable_a revenge_n of_o some_o of_o they_o and_o therefore_o without_o the_o king_n brother_n the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o robert_n burnell_n lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n be_v deliver_v up_o as_o pledge_n for_o his_o safe_a conduct_n he_o will_v not_o come_v up_o to_o do_v his_o homage_n and_o fealty_n at_o his_o coronation_n according_a to_o the_o writ_n direct_v to_o he_o and_o indeed_o see_v king_n edward_n have_v break_v the_o peace_n late_o conclude_v upon_o before_o the_o pope_n legate_n and_o do_v receive_v and_o honourable_o entertain_v such_o nobleman_n of_o wales_n as_o for_o their_o disloyalty_n be_v banish_v by_o prince_n lhewelyn_n by_o who_o he_o fear_v some_o treachery_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n that_o the_o prince_n shall_v pay_v he_o any_o subjection_n but_o by_o the_o breach_n of_o peace_n be_v exempt_v from_o all_o homage_n however_o prince_n lhewelyn_n to_o show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o out_o of_o any_o stubborness_n or_o disrespect_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n that_o he_o refuse_v to_o come_v send_v up_o his_o reason_n by_o the_o abbot_n of_o ystratflur_n and_o conwey_n to_o robert_n kilwarby_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n then_o sit_v â—n_a convocation_n in_o the_o new-temple_n at_o london_n which_o be_v to_o this_o effect_n to_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o england_n the_o archbishop_z of_o york_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n in_o convocation_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o lord_n of_o snowden_n send_v greeting_n we_o will_v have_v your_o lordship_n to_o understand_v that_o whereas_o former_o most_o terrible_a and_o incessant_a war_n be_v continual_o manage_v betwixt_o henry_n king_n of_o england_n and_o ourselves_o the_o same_o be_v at_o last_o compose_v and_o all_o matter_n of_o difference_n be_v adjust_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o excellency_n cardinal_n ottobonus_n the_o pope_n legate_n who_o have_v draw_v the_o article_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o peace_n agree_v upon_o they_o be_v sign_v and_o swear_v to_o not_o only_o by_o the_o kâ—ng_n but_o also_o the_o prince_n his_o son_n now_o king_n of_o england_n among_o these_o article_n be_v comprehend_v that_o we_o and_o our_o successor_n shall_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n the_o principality_n of_o wales_n so_o that_o all_o the_o welsh_a lord_n one_o baron_n except_v shall_v hold_v their_o barony_n and_o estate_n in_o capite_fw-la of_o we_o and_o shall_v pay_v their_o homage_n and_o fealty_n for_o the_o same_o to_o we_o we_o in_o like_a manner_n do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o successor_n and_o beside_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n shall_v never_o offer_v to_o receive_v and_o entertain_v any_o of_o our_o enemy_n nor_o any_o such_o of_o our_o own_o subject_n as_o be_v lawful_o banish_v and_o exclude_v our_o dominion_n of_o wales_n nor_o by_o any_o mean_n defend_v and_o uphold_v such_o against_o we_o contrary_n to_o which_o article_n king_n edward_n have_v forcible_o seize_v upon_o the_o estate_n of_o certain_a baron_n of_o wales_n of_o which_o they_o and_o their_o ancestor_n have_v be_v immemorable_o possess_v of_o and_o detain_v a_o barony_n which_o by_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n shall_v have_v be_v deliver_v to_o we_o and_o moreover_o have_v hitherto_o entertain_v david_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi our_o brother_n and_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n with_o several_a other_o of_o our_o enemy_n who_o be_v outlaw_n and_o fugitive_n of_o our_o country_n and_o though_o we_o have_v often_o exhibit_v our_o grievance_n and_o complaint_n against_o they_o for_o destroy_v and_o pillage_n our_o country_n yet_o we_o can_v never_o obtain_v of_o the_o king_n any_o relief_n or_o redress_n for_o the_o several_a wrong_n and_o injury_n we_o receive_v at_o their_o hand_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_n they_o still_o persist_v to_o commit_v waste_n and_o other_o outrage_n in_o our_o dominion_n and_o for_o all_o this_o he_o summons_v we_o to_o do_v he_o homage_n at_o a_o place_n which_o be_v altogether_o dangerous_a to_o our_o person_n where_o our_o inveterate_a enemy_n and_o which_o be_v worse_o our_o own_o unnatural_a subject_n bear_v the_o great_a sway_n and_o respect_n with_o the_o the_o king_n and_o though_o we_o have_v allege_v several_a reason_n to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n why_o the_o place_n by_o he_o assign_v be_v nâ—t_o safe_a and_o indifferent_a for_o we_o to_o come_v and_o desire_v he_o to_o appoint_v another_o whereto_o we_o may_v with_o more_o safety_n resort_n or_o else_o that_o he_o will_v send_v commissioner_n to_o receive_v our_o oath_n and_o homage_n till_o he_o can_v more_o opportune_o receive_v they_o in_o person_n yet_o he_o will_v not_o assent_v to_o our_o just_a and_o reasonable_a request_n nor_o be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o reason_n we_o exhibit_v for_o our_o non-appearance_n therefore_o we_o desire_v your_o lordship_n earnest_o to_o weigh_v the_o dismal_a effect_n that_o will_v happen_v to_o the_o subject_n
the_o british_a race_n 8._o retire_v to_o alan_n king_n of_o little_a britain_n ibid._n learned_a in_o a_o vision_n to_o go_v to_o rome_n and_o there_o shear_v a_o monk_n 10._o cadwallader_n with_o his_o brother_n owen_n gwynedh_n from_o north-wales_n in_o conjunction_n with_o several_a south_n wales_n lord_n make_v a_o horrible_a slaughter_n of_o the_o norman_n and_o fleming_n and_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o south-wales_n 157_o 158._o cadwallader_n force_v to_o flee_v from_o his_o brother_n owen_n to_o ireland_n 163._o return_v with_o irish_a force_n conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o his_o brother_n make_v prisoner_n by_o the_o irish_a rescue_v by_o his_o brother_n 164._o escapes_n out_o of_o prison_n 171._o fly_n to_o england_n ibid._n his_o death_n and_o issue_n 200._o canterbury_n redeem_v by_o the_o citizen_n from_o be_v burn_v by_o the_o dane_n for_o 3000_o l._n 73._o betray_v afterward_o to_o they_o and_o burn_v 74._o caradoc_n king_n of_o north-wales_n fight_v and_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o saxon_n 21._o his_o pedigree_n ibid._n celibacy_n enjoin_v to_o the_o clergy_n in_o a_o synod_n hold_v at_o london_n 127._o christian_n faith_n pure_a in_o the_o british_a church_n 221._o charles_n duke_n of_o york_n create_v prince_n of_o wales_n 328._o charles_n elder_a son_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o create_v prince_n of_o wales_n 328._o civil_a war_n in_o wales_n and_o edwal_n son_n of_o meyric_n the_o indisputable_a heir_n set_v up_o in_o north-wales_n 67._o clare_n earl_n of_o possess_v himself_o of_o divers_a stronghold_n in_o cardigan_n 177._o clynnoc_n fawr_fw-mi a_o abbey_n in_o arfon_n 11._o when_o and_o by_o who_o build_v 12._o endow_v by_o prince_n anarawd_n 39_o cnute_n the_o dane_n choose_v king_n and_o his_o cruelty_n to_o the_o english_a hostage_n 75._o return_v to_o england_n ibid._n the_o northumber_n submit_v to_o he_o 76._o besieges_n london_n be_v rout_v by_o edmund_n ibid._n combat_n edmund_n agree_v and_o divide_v england_n between_o they_o 78._o generous_o punish_v edmund_n ironside_n murder_n ibid._n marry_v emma_n edelred_n widow_n 80._o require_v a_o subsidy_n of_o the_o english_a ibid._n make_v a_o pompous_a journey_n to_o rome_n 82._o make_v the_o scot_n do_v he_o homage_n ibid._n die_n and_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n harold_n harefoot_n 83._o conel_n prognosticate_a the_o norman_a invasion_n and_o success_n 100_o commotion_n in_o england_n 158._o conâ—n_o war_n between_o he_o and_o his_o brother_n howel_n 22._o dies_z 23._o his_o pedigree_n ibid._n conspiracy_n against_o william_n the_o conqueror_n by_o the_o english_a and_o the_o welsh_a detect_v and_o the_o conspirator_n execute_v 104._o constable_n walter_n marry_v nest_n daughter_n and_o have_v the_o lordship_n of_o brecknock_n 116._o a_o strange_a passage_n relate_v by_o he_o to_o henry_n the_o first_o concern_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n ibid._n crogens_n use_v as_o a_o term_n of_o reproach_n by_o the_o english_a to_o the_o welsh_a 223._o no_o reason_n for_o it_o 224._o cynric_a prince_n owen_n son_n slay_v 162._o d._n dane_n begin_v to_o disturb_v england_n 20_o 21._o they_o prevail_v and_o winter_n in_o england_n 28._o they_o take_v and_o destroy_v winchester_n 30._o kill_v osbright_n and_o elba_n king_n of_o northumberland_n 31._o slay_v edmund_n king_n of_o the_o angle_n ibid._n fought_n five_o battle_n with_o ethelred_n ibid._n they_o win_v london_n and_o redding_n 33._o rout_v by_o the_o westsaxons_a 34._o be_v defeat_v by_o alfred_n and_o receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n 37._o they_o harrass_n north-wales_n 39_o defeat_v by_o the_o armorican_a britain_n ibid._n force_a to_o rise_v from_o before_o exeter_n and_o spoil_v the_o sea-coast_n of_o wales_n 41._o receive_v a_o great_a overthrow_v 42._o they_o grow_v powerful_a not_o only_o in_o england_n but_o also_o in_o ireland_n 44._o thrice_o overthrow_v by_o the_o english_a 45._o cruel_o overthrow_v by_o tottenhale_n 46._o rout_v by_o king_n edward_n 48._o drive_a out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o king_n edmund_n 52._o force_v the_o english_a to_o pay_v the_o dane-gelt_a 65._o make_v a_o terrible_a havoc_n in_o wales_n and_o have_v tribute_n pay_v they_o 66._o make_v fresh_a devastation_n in_o wales_n and_o england_n 70._o they_o be_v massacre_v by_o the_o english_a 71._o force_v the_o english_a nobility_n to_o buy_v their_o peace_n for_o 30000_o l._n 72._o they_o beat_v wolfkettel_n 73._o slay_v ethelstan_n and_o ransack_v the_o country_n 74_o dafydh_n ab_fw-la owen_n kill_v his_o brother_n howel_n in_o battle_n and_o gâ—ts_n to_o be_v prince_n of_o north-wales_n 195._o secure_v â—is_n brother_n maelgon_n reduce_v anglesey_n and_o banish_v his_o brethren_n 202._o send_v a_o band_n of_o welch_n to_o accompany_v king_n henry_n into_o normandy_n ibid._n be_v dispossess_v by_o his_o elder_a brother_n son_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n 213._o ungrateful_a to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n for_o his_o liberty_n 224._o dafydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n do_v homage_n at_o gloucester_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n 259._o be_v excommunicate_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o bangor_n for_o detain_v his_o brother_n gruffydh_n in_o prison_n who_o he_o refuse_v to_o deliver_v at_o the_o king_n request_n 260._o submit_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n 262._o carol_n the_o king_n to_o detain_v his_o brother_n gruffydh_n prisoner_n ibid._n engage_v the_o pope_n on_o his_o side_n against_o the_o king_n but_o he_o prove_v false_a 264._o fight_v the_o english_a often_o with_o various_a success_n ibid._n die_v without_o issue_n 268._o david_n st._n burn_v by_o the_o westsaxons_a 21._o destroy_v by_o the_o dane_n 45._o again_o by_o the_o dane_n 69._o destroy_v by_o stranger_n 107._o the_o cathedral_n sacrilegious_o rob_v 111._o make_a subject_n to_o the_o see_v of_o canterbury_n 125._o dunstan_n st._n bishop_n of_o canterbury_n his_o prediction_n and_o death_n 61._o e._n easter_n the_o britain_n and_o saxon_n quarrel_n about_o the_o observation_n of_o it_o 18_o 19_o edgar_z advance_v to_o the_o kingdom_n in_o his_o brother_n edwin_n room_n 56._o he_o waste_v north-wales_n and_o agree_v for_o a_o yearly_a tribute_n of_o 300_o wolf_n ibid._n regulate_v drink_v vessel_n because_o of_o the_o dane_n excess_n 57_o row_v in_o his_o barge_n by_o six_o king_n on_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi 59_o edgar_z edeling_o proclaim_v king_n force_v into_o scotland_n 101._o receive_v to_o king_n william_n mercy_n 103._o edmund_n king_n of_o england_n death_n and_o the_o uncertain_a manner_n of_o it_o 53._o edmund_n ironside_n slay_v by_o edric_n son_n 78._o edwal_n foel_n and_o his_o brother_n elis_n fight_v the_o english_a and_o be_v slay_v 49._o their_o issue_n ibid._n edward_n send_v for_o from_o normandy_n and_o make_v king_n 86_o the_o confessor_n death_n 98._o edward_n i._o king_n of_o england_n invade_v wales_n and_o prevail_v 283._o insist_o upon_o prince_n lhewelyn_n submission_n without_o reserve_n 292._o set_v prince_n lhewelyn_n head_n upon_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o put_v his_o brother_n david_n to_o death_n 299._o subdue_v all_o wales_n ibid._n keep_v his_o christmas_n at_o aberconwey_a 307._o in_o necessity_n will_v taste_v no_o wine_n for_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o his_o soldier_n 308._o cut_v down_o all_o the_o wood_n in_o wales_n and_o build_v beumaris-castle_n 309._o edward_n of_o caernarvon_n first_o prince_n of_o wales_n of_o the_o english_a blood_n 301._o receive_a homage_n at_o chester_n of_o all_o the_o freeholders_n of_o wales_n 310._o go_v far_o into_o the_o country_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n ibid._n edward_n elder_a son_n to_o king_n edward_n ii_o create_a prince_n of_o wales_n 313._o edward_n elder_a son_n to_o king_n edward_n iii_o create_a prince_n of_o wales_n 313_o his_o character_n and_o death_n 314._o edward_n son_n to_o henry_n vi_o create_a prince_n of_o wales_n 323._o murder_v ibid._n edward_n elder_a son_n to_o king_n edward_n vi_o create_a prince_n of_o walts_n murder_v 223._o edward_n vi_o incline_v to_o favour_v the_o welsh_a 323._o edward_n son_n to_o richard_n iii_o create_a prince_n of_o wales_n 324._o edward_n son_n to_o henry_n viii_o create_a prince_n of_o wales_n 325._o edwin_n king_n of_o england_n vicious_a dispossess_v and_o die_v 56._o egbert_n sole_a monarch_n in_o britain_n 25._o call_v the_o country_n england_n ibid._n he_o fight_v the_o dane_n 26._o eincon_n invite_v the_o norman_n into_o wales_n and_o persuade_v they_o to_o stay_v 112_o elfleda_n mercian_n queen_n her_o valiant_a act_n both_o against_o the_o dane_n and_o welch_n 46._o her_o death_n 47._o leave_v a_o daughter_n alfwyden_n disinherit_v by_o king_n edward_n ibid._n ethelwulph_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a pay_v peterpence_n to_o rome_n 29._o learned_a and_o devout_a ibid._n eye_n of_o several_a pluck_v out_o a_o barbarous_a custom_n 155._o ethelbald_a king_n of_o mercia_n invade_v wales_n 16._o in_o conjunction_n with_o adelred_n overthrow_v the_o britain_n ibid._n f._n flanders_n a_o part_n of_o it_o drown_v prejudicial_a to_o