a_o seasonable_a vindication_n of_o the_o good_a old_a fundamental_a right_n and_o government_n of_o all_o english_a freeman_n by_o william_n prynne_n esq_n a_o bencher_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n jeremiah_n 22._o and_o 18._o they_o shall_v not_o lament_v for_o he_o say_v ah_o my_o brother_n or_o ah_o hi_o glory_n he_o shall_v be_v bury_v with_o the_o burial_n of_o a_o ass_n draw_v and_o cast_v forth_o beyond_o the_o gate_n of_o jerusalem_n no_o man_n of_o his_o seed_n shall_v prosper_v sit_v on_o the_o throne_n of_o david_n and_o rule_v any_o more_o in_o judah_n london_n print_v for_o henry_n broom_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o gun_n in_o ivy_n lane_n 1659._o to_o the_o ingenuous_a unprejudiced_a reader_n i_o here_o present_v thou_o with_o the_o three_o part_n of_o a_o seasonable_a legal_a and_o historical_a vindication_n of_o the_o good_a old_a fundamental_a liberty_n franchise_n right_n property_n law_n government_n of_o all_o english_a freeman_n with_o a_o chronological_a collection_n 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and_o admonition_n he_o diligent_o follow_v in_o all_o thing_n and_o judgement_n act_v by_o he_o during_o the_o interregnum_fw-la and_o band_v of_o these_o two_o party_n about_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o immediate_o after_o edward_n coronation_n 205._o there_o arise_v great_a controversy_n tumult_n and_o civil_a war_n between_o the_o monkish_a clergy_n and_o marry_v secular_a priest_n and_o the_o noble_n side_v with_o both_o party_n the_o marieâ—_n priest_n present_o upon_o edgar_n death_n complain_v to_o queen_n elfrida_n elfere_n and_o the_o noble_n that_o they_o be_v unjust_o expel_v out_o of_o their_o church_n by_o the_o monk_n and_o their_o prevail_a party_n allege_v that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o very_a great_a and_o miserable_a dishonour_n to_o the_o nation_n and_o shame_n to_o they_o ut_fw-la novus_fw-la advena_fw-la veteres_fw-la colonos_fw-la migrare_fw-la compelleret_fw-la hoc_fw-la nec_fw-la deo_fw-la gratum_fw-la putari_fw-la qui_fw-la veterum_fw-la habitationem_fw-la concessiâ—…eâ—_n nec_fw-la alicui_fw-la probo_fw-la homini_fw-la qui_fw-la sibi_fw-la idem_fw-la timere_fw-la possit_fw-la quod_fw-la aliis_fw-la praejudicio_fw-la accedisse_fw-la cerneret_fw-la hereupon_o many_o clamour_n and_o tumult_n arise_v among_o the_o people_n they_o go_v to_o archbishop_n dunstan_n praecipue_fw-la proceribus_fw-la ut_fw-la laicorum_fw-la est_fw-la succlamantibus_fw-la praejudicium_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o especial_o to_o the_o noble_n as_o the_o manner_n of_o layman_n be_v cry_v out_o unto_o they_o that_o the_o secular_a clergy_n be_v prejudge_v and_o suffer_v unjust_o be_v expel_v their_o 〈◊〉_d posession_n without_o cause_n that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v more_o mild_o 4._o deal_v with_o and_o restore_v to_o their_o right_n dunstan_n give_v a_o deaf_a ear_n to_o these_o their_o just_a complaint_n many_o of_o the_o prince_n and_o noble_n thereupon_o in_o a_o tumultuous_a manner_n expulse_v the_o abbot_n and_o monk_n out_o of_o the_o monastery_n wherein_o king_n edgar_n have_v place_v they_o and_o bring_v in_o the_o marry_a clerk_n with_o their_o wife_n in_o their_o place_n as_o at_o first_o among_o other_o alfere_o earl_n of_o mercia_n gather_v great_a force_n and_o use_v much_o insolence_n overturn_v almost_o all_o the_o monastery_n king_n edgar_n and_o bishop_n ethelwold_n have_v build_v in_o the_o province_n of_o mercia_n quorundam_fw-la potentum_fw-la assensu_fw-la â—t_a factione_n place_v marry_v priest_n in_o they_o this_o they_o do_v magnis_fw-la occaecati_fw-la muneribus_fw-la by_o the_o marry_a clergy_n as_o hoveden_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n florentius_n wigorniensis_n and_o our_o monkish_a historian_n asâ—ert_v to_o which_o 204._o abbot_n ingulphus_n subjoin_v cujus_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la sancta_fw-la simplicitate_fw-la et_fw-la innocentia_fw-la tà m_fw-la abusa_fw-la est_fw-la factio_fw-la tyrannorum_fw-la peâ—_n reginae_fw-la favorem_fw-la et_fw-la potentiam_fw-la praecipue_fw-la roborata_fw-la quod_fw-la per_fw-la merciam_fw-la monachis_fw-la de_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la monastertis_fw-la ejectis_fw-la clerici_fw-la sunt_fw-la inducti_fw-la qui_fw-la statim_fw-la monasteriorum_fw-la maneria_fw-la ducibus_fw-la terrae_fw-la distribuebant_fw-la ut_fw-la sic_fw-la in_o svas_fw-la part_n obligati_fw-la eos_fw-la contra_fw-la monachos_fw-la defensarent_fw-la tunc_fw-la de_fw-la monasterio_n eveshamensi_fw-la mon_fw-fr ache_n expulsis_fw-la clerici_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la introducti_fw-la terraeque_fw-la tyranni_fw-la de_fw-la terris_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la praemiati_fw-la sunt_fw-la quibus_fw-la regina_fw-la cum_fw-la novercali_fw-la nequitia_fw-la stans_fw-la cum_fw-la clericis_fw-la in_fw-la regis_fw-la opprobrium_fw-la favebat_fw-la cum_fw-la monachis_fw-la rex_fw-la et_fw-la sancti_fw-la episcopi_fw-la persistebant_fw-la sed_fw-la tyranni_fw-la fulti_fw-la reginae_fw-la favore_fw-la et_fw-la potentia_fw-la super_fw-la monachos_fw-la triumphabant_fw-la the_o monk_n on_o the_o contrary_a to_o secure_v their_o interest_n by_o like_a bribe_n and_o mean_n as_o be_v most_o probable_a though_o our_o monkish_a historian_n conceal_v it_o stir_v up_o ethelwin_n duke_n of_o the_o east-english_a and_o brithnorth_n earl_n of_o essex_n man_n of_o great_a dread_n and_o power_n to_o appear_v in_o their_o quarrel_n and_o resist_v the_o opposite_a party_n qui_fw-la in_o synodo_fw-la 6._o constituti_fw-la who_o assemble_v together_o in_o a_o synod_n or_o council_n for_o that_o end_n protest_v that_o they_o will_v never_o endure_v the_o monk_n shall_v be_v cast_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n who_o hold_v up_o all_o religion_n in_o the_o kingdom_n after_o which_o they_o raise_v a_o mighty_a army_n defend_v with_o great_a valour_n the_o monastery_n of_o the_o eastern_a english_a keep_v the_o monk_n in_o possession_n of_o they_o this_o fire_n between_o the_o monk_n and_o marry_a priest_n thus_o blow_v from_o a_o spark_n to_o a_o flame_n be_v fear_v to_o mount_v high_o if_o not_o timely_o quench_v wherefore_o by_o mediation_n of_o wise_a man_n arm_n be_v lay_v aside_o the_o cause_n be_v refer_v to_o be_v hear_v and_o decide_v between_o they_o in_o a_o great_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o which_o end_n there_o be_v a_o famous_a council_n summon_v and_o hold_v at_o winchester_n which_o some_o historian_n antedate_v in_o edgar_n life_n other_o place_v in_o the_o interregnum_fw-la after_o his_o death_n but_o the_o series_n of_o story_n and_o most_o judicious_a antiquary_n evince_n it_o to_o be_v after_o edward_n coronation_n anno_fw-la 975._o in_o this_o great_a council_n the_o king_n and_o archbishop_n dunstan_n sit_v in_o their_o throne_n as_o chief_a judge_n of_o the_o controversy_n in_o the_o east-end_a of_o the_o hall_n of_o the_o refectory_n of_o winchester_n abbey_n near_o the_o wall_n wherein_o there_o be_v a_o crucifix_n immure_v just_a behind_o they_o deuce_n cum_fw-la torius_fw-la regni_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la the_o duke_n with_o all_o the_o 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rebellion_n and_o will_v not_o be_v warn_v nor_o reclaim_v by_o he_o or_o their_o sad_a example_n the_o same_o year_n earl_n godwin_n thus_o perish_v other_o rbeese_n brother_n of_o griffin_n king_n of_o southwales_n be_v slay_v by_o king_n 1053._o edward_n command_n and_o his_o head_n bring_v to_o gloucester_n to_o the_o king_n on_o the_o vigil_n of_o epiphany_n for_o his_o manifold_a treason_n rebellion_n and_o frequent_a depredation_n upon_o his_o english_a subject_n king_n edward_n anno_fw-la 1054._o command_v 51._o sywarà _fw-la the_o valiant_a duke_n of_o northumberland_n to_o invade_v scotland_n with_o a_o army_n of_o horse_n and_o a_o strong_a navy_n to_o remove_v mackbeoth_v k._n of_o scot_n to_o who_o he_o have_v former_o 1054._o give_v the_o realm_n of_o scotland_n to_o hold_v it_o of_o he_o and_o make_v malcolm_n the_o king_n of_o cumberland_n son_n king_n in_o his_o place_n who_o thereupon_o enter_v scotland_n with_o a_o puissant_a army_n fight_v a_o set_a battle_n with_o mackbeoth_o slay_v many_o thousand_o of_o the_o scot_n and_o all_o the_o norman_n who_o go_v to_o he_o out_o of_o england_n chase_v he_o out_o of_o scotland_n then_o total_o waste_v and_o subdue_v by_o syward_a and_o deprive_v he_o both_o of_o his_o life_n and_o realm_n which_o be_v effect_v king_n edward_n give_v the_o realm_n of_o scotland_n to_o malcolm_n to_o be_v hold_v from_o and_o under_o himself_o not_o long_o after_o duke_n syward_a be_v likely_a to_o die_v of_o a_o flux_n when_o he_o see_v death_n approach_v say_v what_o a_o shame_n be_v it_o that_o i_o who_o can_v not_o die_v in_o so_o many_o battle_n and_o war_n shall_v be_v reserve_v to_o die_v with_o disgrace_n like_o a_o cow_n wherefore_o put_v upon_o i_o my_o impenetrable_a coat_n of_o male_a gird_v i_o with_o my_o sword_n set_v my_o helmet_n upon_o my_o head_n put_v my_o buckler_n in_o my_o left_a hand_n and_o my_o gild_a battle-ax_n in_o my_o right_a hand_n that_o be_v the_o strong_a of_o all_o soldier_n i_o may_v die_v like_o a_o soldier_n whereupon_o be_v thus_o arm_v as_o he_o command_v he_o say_v thus_o it_o become_v a_o soldier_n to_o die_v and_o not_o lie_v down_o in_o his_o bed_n like_o a_o ox_n and_o so_o he_o most_o honourable_o give_v up_o the_o ghost_n but_o because_o walteof_o his_o son_n be_v then_o but_o a_o insant_fw-fr his_o earldom_n be_v give_v by_o the_o king_n to_o tosti_n son_n of_o earl_n godwin_n who_o earldom_n after_o godwin_n sudden_a death_n be_v bestow_v on_o harold_n and_o harold_n earldom_n give_v to_o algarus_fw-la earl_n of_o chester_n earldom_n in_o that_o age_n be_v only_o for_o life_n not_o hereditary_a in_o the_o year_n 1055._o other_o king_n edward_n habito_fw-la londoniae_n 1055._o concilio_n hold_v a_o parliamentary_a council_n at_o london_n banish_v algarus_fw-la son_n of_o earl_n leofric_n quia_fw-la de_fw-fr proditione_n regis_fw-la in_o concilio_n convictus_fw-la fuerat_fw-la because_o he_o have_v be_v convict_v in_o the_o council_n of_o treason_n against_o the_o king_n as_o henry_n huntindon_n bromtons_n chronicle_n and_o hygden_n record_n yet_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n hoveden_n henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n and_o other_o write_v he_o be_v banish_v sine_fw-la culpa_fw-la without_o any_o crime_n whereupon_o pass_v over_o into_o ireland_n he_o soon_o after_o repair_v with_o 18._o piratical_a ship_n to_o griffin_n king_n of_o wales_n request_v he_o to_o give_v he_o aid_v against_o king_n edward_n who_o thereupon_o forthwith_o assemble_v a_o very_a great_a army_n out_o of_o all_o his_o realm_n command_v algarus_fw-la to_o meet_v he_o and_o his_o army_n with_o all_o his_o force_n at_o a_o certain_a place_n where_o unite_n their_o force_n together_o they_o enter_v into_o herefordshire_n to_o spoil_v and_o depopulate_v it_o against_o who_o timorous_a earl_n ralph_n king_n edward_n sister_n 9_o son_n raise_v a_o army_n and_o meet_v they_o two_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n of_o hereford_n command_v the_o english_a to_o fight_v on_o horseback_n contrary_a to_o their_o custom_n but_o when_o they_o be_v about_o to_o join_v battle_n the_o earl_n with_o his_o french_a and_o norman_n flee_v away_o first_o of_o all_o which_o the_o english_a perceive_v follow_v their_o captain_n in_o fly_v who_o the_o enemy_n pursue_v slay_v four_o or_o five_o hundred_o of_o they_o and_o wound_v many_o more_o and_o have_v gain_v the_o victory_n take_v the_o city_n of_o herford_n slay_v some_o of_o the_o citizen_n carried_z away_o many_o of_o they_o captive_n and_o have_v burn_v and_o pillage_v the_o city_n return_v enrich_v with_o great_a booty_n the_o king_n be_v inform_v of_o it_o command_v a_o army_n to_o be_v present_o assemble_v out_o of_o all_o england_n which_o meet_v together_o 3._o at_o gloucester_n he_o make_v valiant_a earl_n harold_n their_o general_n who_o devout_o obey_v his_o command_n diligent_o pursue_v griffin_n and_o algarus_fw-la and_o bold_o enter_v into_o the_o coast_n of_o wales_n encamp_v at_o straddle_v but_o they_o know_v he_o to_o be_v a_o valiant_a man_n not_o dare_v to_o fight_v with_o he_o flee_v into_o south-wales_n upon_o which_o harold_n leave_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n there_o command_v they_o manful_o to_o resist_v the_o enemy_n if_o there_o be_v cause_n and_o return_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o multitude_n to_o hereford_n he_o envirove_v it_o with_o a_o broad_a and_o deep_a trench_n and_o fortify_v it_o with_o gate_n and_o bar_n at_o last_o messenger_n pass_v between_o they_o and_o harold_n they_o make_v a_o firm_a peace_n between_o they_o whereupon_o earl_n algarus_fw-la his_o navy_n return_v to_o chester_n there_o exact_v the_o wage_n he_o have_v promise_v they_o but_o he_o repair_v to_o the_o king_n receive_v his_o earldom_n from_o he_o again_o this_o same_o year_n herman_n herman_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_n request_v of_o the_o king_n and_o almost_o obtain_v leave_n to_o remove_v
the_o prelate_n and_o clergy_n general_o except_o abbot_n frederick_n appear_v for_o he_o and_o will_v not_o consent_v to_o set_v up_o edgar_n though_o right_a heir_n 10._o that_o after_o good_a deliberation_n all_o the_o noble_n prelate_n londoner_n and_o other_o who_o first_o appear_v for_o edgar_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o clergy_n people_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n without_o the_o least_o fight_n or_o resistance_n or_o before_o any_o siege_n or_o summons_n from_o he_o together_z with_o prince_z edgar_z himself_z voluntary_o go_v out_o and_o submit_v themselves_o swear_v faith_n and_o allegiance_n to_o he_o as_o their_o sovereign_n at_o berkhamsted_n and_o after_o that_o joyful_o receive_v he_o with_o high_a acclamation_n as_o their_o lawful_a king_n at_o his_o entry_n into_o london_n 11._o that_o all_o the_o prelate_n clergy_n and_o nobility_n soon_o after_o without_o any_o coercion_n upon_o his_o foresay_a right_n and_o title_n free_o elect_v and_o solemn_o crown_v he_o as_o their_o lawful_a king_n in_o a_o due_a and_o accustom_a manner_n and_o then_o do_v homage_n and_o swear_v new_a allegiance_n afresh_o unto_o he_o as_o their_o rightful_a sovereign_n 12._o that_o he_o take_v the_o ordinary_a coronation_n oath_n of_o all_o lawful_a king_n to_o mainitan_a and_o defend_v the_o right_n person_n of_o all_o his_o people_n to_o govern_v they_o just_o etc._n etc._n as_o become_v a_o good_a king_n which_o a_o king_n claim_v by_o mere_a conquest_n will_v never_o do_v all_o these_o particular_n be_v undeniable_a evidence_n that_o duke_n william_n never_o make_v the_o least_o pretence_n claim_n or_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o realm_n of_o england_n only_o as_o a_o absolute_a conqueror_n of_o the_o nation_n but_o mere_o by_o title_n as_o their_o true_a and_o lawful_a king_n by_o designation_n adoption_n and_o cognation_n second_v with_o the_o noble_n prelate_n clergy_n and_o people_n unanimous_a election_n and_o although_o it_o be_v true_a that_o this_o duke_n eject_v harold_n and_o get_v actual_a possession_n of_o the_o throne_n and_o kingdom_n from_o he_o by_o the_o sword_n as_o do_v aurelius_n ambrose_n and_o other_o before_o and_o king_n henry_n the_o 4._o edward_n the_o 4._o henry_n the_o 7._o with_o other_o since_o his_o reign_n yet_o that_o neither_o do_v nor_o can_v make_v he_o a_o king_n by_o conquest_n only_o no_o more_o than_o these_o other_o prince_n see_v the_o end_n of_o this_o war_n be_v not_o against_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n the_o great_a part_n whereof_o secret_o abbet_v his_o interest_n but_o only_o against_o the_o unjust_a usurper_n and_o intruder_n king_n harold_n and_o his_o adherent_n not_o to_o create_v a_o title_n to_o the_o realm_n by_o his_o and_o their_o conquest_n but_o to_o remove_v a_o usurper_n who_o invade_v it_o without_o and_o against_o all_o right_a and_o to_o gain_v the_o actual_a possession_n thereof_o by_o arm_n from_o which_o he_o be_v unjust_o withhold_v by_o force_n against_o those_o pretend_a lawful_a title_n which_o he_o make_v so_o that_o he_o get_v not_o the_o right_n title_n but_o only_o the_o actual_a possession_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o his_o sword_n not_o as_o a_o universal_a conqueror_n of_o the_o realm_n without_o right_n or_o title_n but_o as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v immediate_a heir_n and_o lawful_a successor_n to_o the_o confessor_n who_o design_v he_o to_o succeed_v he_o for_o full_a confirmation_n whereof_o i_o shall_v here_o subjoin_v these_o ensue_a proof_n 1._o king_n william_n himself_o at_o his_o very_a coronation_n in_o 145._o london_n as_o mr_n cambden_n inform_v we_o say_v that_o the_o kingdom_n be_v by_o god_n providence_n appoint_v and_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o gift_n from_o his_o lord_n and_o cousin_n king_n edward_n the_o glorious_a grant_v unto_o he_o and_o that_o this_o most_o bounteous_a king_n edward_n have_v by_o adoption_n ordain_v he_o his_o heir_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n 2_o in_o his_o 483._o charter_n to_o the_o church_n of_o westminstor_n he_o resolve_v as_o much_o in_o direct_a term_n where_o he_o recite_v in_o ore_fw-la gladii_fw-la regnum_fw-la adeptus_fw-la sum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la dâ—victâ—_n haroldo_n rege_fw-la cumsuis_fw-la complicibus_fw-la qui_fw-la mihi_fw-la regnum_fw-la cum_fw-la providentia_fw-la dei_fw-la destinatum_fw-la &_o beneficio_fw-la concessionis_fw-la domini_fw-la &_o cognati_fw-la mei_fw-la gloriosi_fw-la edwardi_fw-la concessum_fw-la conati_fw-la sunt_fw-la auferre_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o his_o title_n be_v from_o edward_n though_o his_o possession_n by_o the_o sword_n 3_o in_o the_o very_a 619._o title_n of_o his_o law_n publish_v in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n which_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o alter_v that_o he_o both_o by_o oath_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n ratify_v confirm_v all_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o 601._o realm_n use_v in_o the_o confessor_n time_n and_o before_o present_v by_o a_o grand_a enquest_n unto_o he_o out_o of_o every_o county_n of_o england_n upon_o oath_n without_o any_o alteration_n prevarication_n or_o diminution_n he_o style_v himself_o or_o be_v style_v by_o the_o collector_n of_o these_o law_n heir_n and_o cousin_n to_o edward_n the_o confessor_n even_o in_o the_o ancient_a manuscript_n which_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n have_v publish_v incipiunt_fw-la leges_fw-la s._n edwardi_fw-la regis_fw-la quas_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it tenuit_fw-la &_o quas_fw-la willielmus_fw-la haeres_fw-la &_o cognatus_fw-la suus_fw-la postea_fw-la confirmavit_fw-la to_o which_o i_o shall_v likewise_o subjoin_v the_o word_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o his_o sonn_n 211._o king_n henry_n the_o 1_o anno_fw-la 1108._o translate_n the_o abbey_n of_o ely_n into_o a_o bishopric_n wherein_o he_o give_v his_o father_n william_n the_o selfsame_a title_n ego_fw-la henricus_fw-la providente_fw-la divina_fw-la clementia_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la &_o normannorum_fw-la dux_n willielmi_n magni_fw-la regis_fw-la filius_fw-la qui_fw-la edwardo_n regi_fw-la haereditario_fw-la jure_fw-la succescit_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la renounce_v all_o title_n by_o conquest_n and_o claim_v only_o as_o heir_n to_o king_n edward_n by_o hereditary_a right_n 4_o earl_n william_n himself_o in_o none_o of_o his_o charter_n writ_n speech_n write_n ever_o style_v himself_o a_o conqueror_n of_o england_n nor_o lay_v claim_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o realm_n of_o england_n by_o conquest_n after_o his_o inauguration_n which_o title_n of_o conqueror_n be_v afterward_o out_o of_o the_o flattery_n or_o ignorance_n of_o the_o time_n give_v unto_o he_o by_o other_o therefore_o the_o word_n which_o the_o 449._o history_n of_o st._n stephens_n in_o caen_n in_o normandy_n report_v he_o use_v at_o his_o last_o breath_n the_o regal_a diadenâ—_n which_o none_o of_o my_o predecesser_n ever_o wear_v i_o get_v and_o gain_v by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n only_o i_o ordain_v no_o man_n heir_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n which_o 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disseisor_n and_o intruder_n come_v in_o by_o title_n and_o inheritance_n only_o
realm_n and_o soon_o after_o slay_v by_o offa_n and_o so_o dignum_fw-la finem_fw-la insidiarum_fw-la tulit_fw-la be_v author_n necis_fw-la of_o his_o sovereign_n king_n ethelbald_n asuis_fw-la tutoribus_fw-la fraudulentèr_fw-la interfectus_fw-la as_o our_o historian_n observe_v a_o good_a memento_n for_o other_o traitor_n and_o usurper_n tread_v in_o his_o footstep_n qui_fw-la regnum_fw-la tyrannus_n invasit_fw-la &_o per_fw-la modicum_fw-la tempus_fw-la in_o parva_fw-la laetitiâ_fw-la &_o jocunditate_fw-la tenens_fw-la regnum_fw-la cum_fw-la vitâ_fw-la perdidit_fw-la as_o wigorniensis_n write_v of_o he_o 5._o the_o 315._o english_a complain_v to_o king_n offa_n in_o the_o 775._o year_n 775._o of_o the_o great_a exaction_n in_o foreign_a part_n under_o charles_n the_o emperor_n they_o be_v then_o at_o variance_n so_o as_o their_o trade_n and_o merchandise_n be_v every_o where_o prohibit_v in_o both_o their_o realm_n thereupon_o king_n offa_n by_o gift_n send_v to_o the_o emperor_n 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loci_fw-la reverentia_fw-la confidentes_fw-la remanserunt_fw-la de_fw-la ecclesiâ_fw-la extracti_fw-la alii_fw-la in_o mare_fw-la sub_fw-la hostibus_fw-la submersi_fw-la alii_fw-la captivi_fw-la abducti_fw-la alii_fw-la detruncati_fw-la alii_fw-la aliis_fw-la tormentis_fw-la miserabiliter_fw-la affecti_fw-la omnes_fw-la simul_fw-la interiêrunt_fw-la et_fw-la indè_fw-la prosiliens_fw-la flammâ_fw-la et_fw-la ferro_fw-la in_fw-la exterminium_fw-la omne_fw-la duxit_fw-la etc._n etc._n after_o which_o sad_a successive_a devastation_n for_o sundry_a year_n by_o the_o dane_n they_o be_v so_o total_o depopulate_v and_o extirpate_v by_o famine_n sword_n and_o pestilence_n by_o the_o norman_n an._n 1069._o that_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v reduce_v into_o a_o desolate_a wilderness_n without_o a_o inhabitant_n and_o lay_v untilled_a for_o nine_o year_n space_n bestiarum_fw-la tantum_fw-la &_o latronum_fw-la latibula_fw-la be_v only_o den_n of_o beast_n and_o thief_n and_o how_o many_o time_n in_o have_v be_v waste_v depopulate_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n since_o this_o by_o the_o scot_n and_o what_o barbarous_a cruelty_n they_o have_v exercise_v therein_o you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o continuation_n of_o simeon_n dunelmensis_n by_o the_o prior_n of_o hagustald_v col_fw-fr 264._o in_o historia_n ricardi_n prioris_fw-la hagustaldensis_fw-la de_fw-la gestis_fw-la regis_fw-la stephani_fw-la &_o bello_fw-la standardi_fw-la col_fw-fr 315_o 316._o and_o other_o chronicle_n since_o that_o time_n the_o lord_n in_o mercy_n divert_v the_o like_a judgement_n from_o that_o northern_a part_n and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n now_o for_o the_o like_a transgression_n of_o a_o late_a date_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 787._o as_o most_o account_n 6._o pope_n 787._o adrian_n send_v legate_n into_o england_n to_o confirm_v the_o faith_n which_o augustine_n have_v preach_v who_o be_v honourable_o receive_v both_o by_o the_o king_n clergy_n and_o people_n thereupon_o hold_v a_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n at_o calâ—huâ—_n chalchuthe_n or_o cealtide_n as_o henry_n huntindon_n style_v it_o in_o this_o council_n offa_n king_n of_o mercian_n and_o kenulphus_n king_n of_o westsaxon_n with_o all_o their_o ecclesiastical_a and_o secular_a prince_n noble_n elder_n bishop_n abbot_n be_v present_a who_o all_o subscribe_v and_o consent_v to_o the_o ecclesiaestical_a and_o temporal_a law_n and_o canon_n 6._o therein_o make_v and_o publish_v be_v 20_o in_o number_n the_o principle_n whereof_o relate_v to_o my_o theme_n i_o have_v former_o recite_v in_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n king_n offa_n cause_v egfrid_n his_o elder_a son_n to_o be_v solemn_o crown_v king_n who_o from_o thenceforth_o reign_v with_o he_o and_o in_o it_o jambertus_n or_o lambert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n much_o against_o his_o will_n resign_v part_n of_o his_o archbishopric_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o litchfield_n by_o the_o command_n and_o power_n of_o king_n offa_n who_o envy_v the_o power_n and_o pride_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterb._n deprive_v he_o in_o this_o council_n notwithstanding_o all_o jamberts_n appeal_v to_o pope_n adrian_n of_o all_o land_n and_o jurisdiction_n within_o his_o realm_n of_o mercia_n erect_v a_o new_a archbishopric_a at_o litchfield_n to_o which_o he_o subject_v all_o the_o bishop_n of_o mercia_n be_v then_o six_o in_o number_n â—ill_v by_o another_o council_n they_o be_v reunite_v to_o canterbury_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o offa._n 297._o about_o the_o year_n 788._o there_o be_v some_o difference_n 788._o among_o historian_n in_o the_o year_n there_o be_v a_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o ade_n and_o after_o that_o another_o council_n keep_v at_o wincenhale_n or_o pincanhale_n in_o northumberland_n now_o call_v finke_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n conceive_v that_o these_o council_n be_v principal_o summon_v to_o prevent_v the_o incursion_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 787_o come_v into_o britain_n with_o 3_o ship_n to_o discover_v the_o coast_n and_o prey_n upon_o it_o slay_v king_n bricticus_fw-la his_o provost_n and_o after_o that_o many_o thousand_o thousand_o of_o the_o english_a at_o sundry_a time_n after_o this_o there_o be_v another_o parliamentary_a 9_o council_n or_o synod_n hold_v at_o aclea_n or_o aclith_a at_o which_o time_n duke_n sigga_n by_o wicked_a treason_n fly_v his_o sovereign_a alfwold_n king_n of_o northumberland_n and_o be_v not_o long_o afterward_o slay_v himself_o by_o the_o dane_n who_o miserable_o waste_v and_o destroy_v that_o rebellious_a kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n as_o a_o condigu_n punishment_n for_o their_o treason_n rebellion_n and_o regicide_n of_o their_o king_n 3._o anno_fw-la 792._o there_o be_v a_o council_n hold_v at_o a_o place_n 792._o call_v fincale_n where_o the_o archbishop_n with_o his_o suffragan_n bishop_n and_o many_o other_o be_v present_a what_o the_o occasion_n of_o it_o be_v appear_v not_o only_o our_o historian_n relate_v that_o osred_a king_n of_o northumberland_n be_v this_o year_n chase_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o his_o rebellious_a subject_n when_o he_o have_v reign_v but_o one_o year_n and_o ethelred_n son_n of_o mollo_n substitute_v king_n in_o his_o place_n whereupon_o osred_n gather_v force_n together_o to_o expel_v ethelred_n which_o have_v expulse_v he_o out_o of_o his_o realm_n be_v in_o his_o march_n into_o it_o again_o take_v
do_v by_o he_o to_o his_o mother_n queen_n emma_n in_o banish_v and_o spoil_v she_o of_o her_o money_n and_o jewel_n against_o all_o right_a and_o justice_n and_o partly_o for_o his_o unjust_a invasion_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o in_o truth_n as_o a_o just_a retaliation_n of_o his_o barbarous_a cruelty_n to_o prince_n alfred_n and_o his_o norman_n for_o who_o treacherous_a inhuman_a slaughter_n king_n hardecnute_a deprive_v alfred_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n of_o his_o bishopric_n who_o hand_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v in_o alfred_n blood_n and_o for_o which_o murder_n he_o likewise_o look_v with_o a_o evil_a eye_n upon_o earl_n godwin_n compel_v he_o to_o a_o oath_n of_o purgation_n touch_v the_o same_o whereupon_o godwin_n by_o his_o own_o oath_n and_o the_o oath_n of_o most_o of_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n his_o compurgator_n swear_v though_o most_o false_o that_o prince_n alfred_n eye_n be_v not_o put_v out_o nor_o he_o murder_v as_o aforesaid_a by_o his_o counsel_n or_o consent_n but_o what_o be_v do_v therein_o be_v only_o by_o the_o command_n of_o king_n harold_n which_o he_o dare_v not_o resist_v notwithstanding_o which_o oath_n to_o purchase_v his_o peace_n with_o hardecnute_a he_o present_v he_o with_o a_o most_o rich_a and_o royal_a present_n to_o wit_n with_o a_o ship_n who_o stern_a be_v of_o gold_n with_o 80_o soldier_n place_v therein_o all_o uniform_o and_o rich_o suit_v have_v on_o their_o head_n gild_v burgonet_n on_o their_o arm_n bracelet_n of_o gold_n on_o their_o body_n habergeon_n sword_n battleax_n target_n and_o other_o arm_n after_o the_o danish_a fashion_n all_o rich_o gild_v with_o gild_a boss_n and_o dart_n in_o their_o hand_n which_o present_n though_o it_o pacify_v the_o king_n indignation_n yet_o it_o prevent_v not_o god_n avenge_a justice_n on_o he_o afterward_o for_o alfred_n blood_n thus_o partly_o avenge_v on_o harold_n carcase_n which_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o thames_n and_o mangle_a according_a to_o hard-cnutes_a command_n and_o lay_v float_v on_o the_o water_n sundry_a day_n till_o a_o fisherman_n in_o compassion_n take_v up_o his_o corpse_n and_o bury_v it_o private_o in_o st._n clement_n danes_n chap._n v._n contain_v a_o brief_a historical_a collection_n of_o all_o the_o parliamentary_a council_n state-assembly_n historical_a passage_n and_o proceed_n that_o concern_v the_o fundamental_a liberty_n privilege_n right_n property_n law_n and_o government_n of_o the_o nation_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n from_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1042._o to_o 1066._o wherein_o he_o die_v king_n hardecnute_a be_v sudden_o take_v out_o of_o this_o world_n without_o issue_n 1042._o by_o divine_a justice_n on_o the_o 6_o day_n of_o june_n anno_fw-la 1042._o thereupon_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o england_n immediate_o after_o his_o death_n assemble_v together_o in_o a_o great_a council_n about_o the_o election_n of_o a_o new_a king_n wherein_o grafton_n omnes_fw-la anglorum_fw-la magnates_fw-la ad_fw-la invicum_fw-la tractantes_fw-la de_fw-fr communi_fw-la concilio_n et_fw-la juramento_fw-la statuerunt_fw-la quod_fw-la nunquam_fw-la temporibus_fw-la futuris_fw-la aliquis_fw-la dacus_n super_fw-la eos_n in_o anglia_fw-it regnaret_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la maxim_n pro_fw-la contemptibus_fw-la quos_fw-la angli_fw-la à _fw-la dane_n saepiâ—…_n acceperunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n &_o other_o inform_v we_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o english_a treat_v together_o decree_v by_o common_a advice_n which_o they_o ratify_v with_o a_o oath_n that_o in_o time_n to_o come_n never_o any_o dane_n or_o person_n of_o the_o danish_a blood_n shall_v reign_v or_o be_v king_n overdo_n they_o in_o england_n any_o more_o disclaim_v all_o danish_a subjection_n &_o that_o especial_o for_o the_o contempt_n which_o the_o english_a have_v very_o often_o receive_v from_o the_o dane_n for_o if_o a_o dane_n have_v meet_v a_o englishman_n upon_o any_o bridge_n the_o englishman_n must_v not_o be_v so_o hardy_a to_o move_v a_o foot_n but_o stand_v stâ—ll_o till_o the_o dane_n be_v pass_v quite_o over_o it_o and_o moreover_o if_o the_o englishman_n have_v not_o bâ—wed_v down_o their_o head_n to_o do_v reverence_n to_o the_o dane_n they_o shall_v present_o have_v undergo_v great_a punishment_n and_o stripe_n whereupon_o king_n hardecnute_a be_v dead_a the_o english_a rise_v up_o against_o they_o drive_v all_o the_o dane_n be_v then_o without_o a_o king_n and_o captain_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n who_o speedy_o quit_v the_o land_n never_o return_v into_o it_o afterward_o and_o here_o we_o may_v just_o stand_v still_o a_o while_n and_o contemplate_v the_o admirable_a retaliate_a justice_n of_o god_n upon_o our_o danish_a usurp_v king_n and_o their_o posterity_n king_n 225._o cnute_n as_o you_o hear_v before_o cause_v the_o temporize_a english_a bishop_n noble_n and_o baron_n assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n against_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o king_n ethelred_n edmund_n ironside_n and_o their_o heir_n no_o less_o than_o twice_o one_o after_o another_o to_o renounce_v cast_v off_o and_o abjure_v their_o regal_a posterity_n to_o make_v they_o incapable_a of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o settle_v the_o inheritance_n of_o it_o upon_o he_o and_o his_o danish_a blood_n anno_fw-la 1016._o and_o 1017._o and_o now_o in_o little_a more_o than_o twenty_o year_n after_o all_o the_o english_a prelate_n and_o noble_n assemble_v in_o council_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n by_o a_o solemn_a decree_n and_o oath_n abjure_v renounce_v and_o eternal_o disinherit_v all_o the_o danish_a blood-royal_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o restore_v the_o saxon_a english_a royal_a line_n to_o that_o sovereignty_n which_o they_o have_v former_o disclaim_v such_o be_v the_o vicissitude_n of_o divine_a justice_n and_o providence_n worthy_a our_o observation_n in_o these_o wheel_a time_n wherein_o we_o live_v when_o no_o man_n know_v what_o change_v of_o like_a nature_n 1._o one_o day_n or_o year_n may_v bring_v forth_o the_o english_a put_v their_o decree_n for_o cashier_v all_o the_o dane_n in_o execution_n 6._o turn_v the_o mâ—â—t_n of_o all_o the_o castle_n fort_n garrison_n city_n village_n throughout_o england_n as_o well_o those_o of_o the_o royal_a and_o noble_a blood_n as_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n and_o force_v they_o to_o depart_v the_o realm_n as_o they_o have_v former_o banish_v the_o english_a prince_n and_o noble_n 8._o procâ—reâ—_n igitur_fw-la anglorum_fw-la jam_fw-la dacorum_n dominio_fw-la liberati_n the_o noble_n therefore_o of_o engl._n be_v thus_o free_v from_o the_o dane_n dominion_n for_o so_o much_o of_o god_n of_o his_o mercy_n and_o providence_n who_o be_v the_o maker_n of_o heir_n think_v good_a after_o the_o woâ—ull_a captivity_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n to_o grant_v they_o some_o respite_n of_o deliverance_n in_o take_v away_o the_o danish_a king_n without_o any_o issue_n leave_v behind_o they_o who_o reign_v here_o in_o england_n keep_v the_o english_a people_n in_o miserable_a subjection_n about_o the_o space_n of_o 28_o year_n and_o from_o their_o first_o land_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n brictâ—icus_n waste_v and_o vex_v this_o land_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 255_o year_n their_o tyranny_n now_o come_v to_o a_o end_n by_o the_o death_n of_o hard_a cnute_n they_o thereupon_o assemble_v together_o in_o a_o great_a council_n with_o a_o general_a consent_n elect_a prince_n edward_n surname_v the_o confessor_n the_o young_a and_o only_a survive_a son_n of_o king_n ethelred_n for_o their_o king_n who_o annuente_fw-la clero_fw-la et_fw-la populo_fw-la londoniis_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la eligitur_fw-la as_o 415._o mat._n westminster_n relate_v whereupon_o edward_n be_v then_o in_o normandy_n where_o he_o have_v long_o live_v in_o exile_n be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o gentle_a and_o soft_a spirit_n more_o appliable_a to_o other_o man_n counsel_n then_o able_a to_o trust_v his_o own_o &_o natural_o so_o averse_a from_o all_o war_n &_o bloodshed_n that_o he_o wish_v rather_o to_o continue_v all_o his_o life_n long_o in_o a_o private_a exile_a estate_n then_o by_o war_n or_o blood_n to_o aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n the_o lord_n send_v messenger_n to_o he_o to_o come_v over_o and_o take_v peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n they_o have_v choose_v he_o for_o their_o king_n advise_v he_o to_o bring_v with_o he_o as_o few_o norman_n as_o he_o can_v and_o they_o will_v most_o faithful_o establish_v he_o in_o the_o throne_n edward_n though_o at_o first_o he_o much_o doubt_v what_o course_n to_o steer_v somewhat_o mistrust_v the_o treachery_n and_o inconstancy_n of_o the_o fickle_a head_a english_a yet_o at_o last_o upon_o the_o importunity_n of_o the_o messenger_n who_o inform_v he_o 13._o melius_fw-la esse_fw-la ut_fw-la vivat_fw-la gloriosus_fw-la in_o imperio_fw-la quam_fw-la ignominiosus_fw-la moriâ—ur_fw-la in_o exilio_fw-la jure_fw-la ei_o competere_fw-la regnum_fw-la aevo_fw-la