where Marshal Shomburgh having constrained the Spaniards to Retreat from the Siege of Flix took in the City of Tortosa after he had lain before it some Months But in Flanders Fortunegiving some kind of check to Balance the prosperity of the Kings Forces made us loose Courtray to give Ipre into our possession After which success the Spaniards believing us too weak to oppose them by reason of our losses sustained in the last Siege forced us to give them Battel near to Lens wherein they were wholly defeated with the loss of eight thousand Men though their Army exceeded ours a third part in number This Victory which could not choose but be the Subject of the General joy of France was the occasion of a World of Misery whereto she was afterwards reduced While they were returning thanks to God for this Victory in the Cathedral Church of Paris in another place they were providing Prisons for the Sieurs de Broussel Counsellor in the Grand Chamber Blanc-Menel Charton Presidents of the Parliament The Confinement of these three persons caused most horrid disorders in Paris where you might have seen in a moment the Chains fastened the Barricados put up and all the People in Arms which nevertheless they soon laid down after that the Queen at the Prayer of the Parliament had wisely granted them the Liberty of those three Senators The Calm lasted till the Kings leaving the City who was carried out of Paris upon the fifth or sixth at Night which put the Burgesses to take Arms again But the Parliament apprehensive of the Mischiefs that might happen by reason of these misunderstandings sent a considerable part of their Members to St. Germans where his Majesty lay who put forth the Declaration of the Month of March by which the Souldiers being remanded from Paris to the Frontiers where the Spaniards were taking their advantages of their regaining Ipre the Face of things began to alter so that there was great hopes of a new repose and quiet upon the Return of the King But all our hopes were quite dashed when we beheld the Princes of Conde and Longuevile in Bois de of Vincennes Guien and Provence all in an uproare because of their Governors whose behaviour and management was insupportable to the people of those two Provinces The Kings presence was requisite to reduce Bourdeaux to obedience Therefore his Majesty marched thither and having forced his entrance after some Resistance he constrained the Heads of the adverse Party to retire All the Conquests of Arch-Duke Leopold during these Divisions in France were bounded by the taking of Mouzon and Rethel of which last place he was not long Master as being afterwards regained in the Month of December by our Army wherein was Cardinal Mazarine in person The Parliament judging that the Liberty of the Princes might be a means to restore tranquility to the Kingdom as well as the retirement of Cardinal Mazarine went in a Body to Petition the King for the Liberty of those Illustrious Prisoners and sometime after made their humble Remonstrances to his Majesty for the Removal of the Cardinal from the Management of Publick Affairs to take away all pretence and Colour of a Civil-War Some few days after the Cardinal was retired the Princes being set at Liberty arrived at Paris where they were received with a most incredible Joy out of a hope which all Men had conceived that their return would prevent all those misfortunes which seemed to threaten us But so far we were from beholding that good Fortune with which we flattered our selves and which the Majority of the King the solemnities of which were performed with an extraordinary Pomp was in all probability most likely to settle that we were sensible of new miseries apprehensive of renewing Calamities For the Prince of Conde out of his distrust not finding it requisite to close with the Court retired to his New Government of Guien whither being pursued by the Army and more then that by the presence of the Kings person he treated with Spain makes a powerful party in Gasconie and from thence as Cardinal Mazarine was reentred France he return'd to Paris where the Duke of Orleans joyned with him against the Cardinal their Common Enemy In the mean time the King besieges Estampes wherein the Army of the Princes was enclosed but the event did not prove so advantagious to the King who was oblig'd to retire with his Army and to surround Paris where during the whole remainder of the Campaign several Skirmishes happened on both sides upon the Arrival of the Lorrainers who shunned however as much as in them lay a general Battel yet could not avoid a smart encounter in the Suburbs of St. Anthony where were slain on both sides above a thousand Men upon the place and where the Prince of Conde shewed all the Conduct and Bravery that could be expected from a valiant Captain and yet if Madamoiselle had not caused the Gate of the City to be opened and discharged some pieces of Canon from the Bastille the Princes Army had been utterly Routed But two days after the disorder happened to be so great in Paris that the People were forced to weare Straw to shew the aversion which they had against the Cardinal which occasioned soon after the burning of the Gate of the City Common-Hall where to unite the City with the Parliament three hundred noted Burgesses were Assembled of whom the Mutineers out of a Design to destroy them all Murdered the Sieur Le Grat Master of the Requests de Janvry Counsellor in Parliament Myron Master of the Accompts and several others as they came out of the Assembly The Sieur Doujat Counseller of the great Chamber and some other Persons of quality had run the same Fortune had they not found a way by disguising themselves to Slip unknown through the Mutineers by the favour of the Night who at length came to that Degree of Insolence as to force the Priestly and Religious Orders the Women and Children to provide themselves with straw to preserve themselves from their Fury In the midst of these Heats the People of this great City weary of War began to distast the Government of the Princes and for that Reason sent several of their Burgesses to Pontoise where the King was to beseech his Majesty to honour his good City of Paris with his Return which caused the Duke of Orleans to retire and the Prince of Conde to Retreat who with the Forces which he took along with him and some of the Spanish Succors took Rhetel and St. Menehon Soon after the King returning to the City attended by the Marshal of the Hospital who was Governor the Provosts of Merchants and the Sheriffs who had been constrained to absent themselves was received with all the submission imaginable After that the King went to the Parliament which he united with that which he had before established at Pontoise and in the same place was published an Act of Oblivion
of the Downs which was followed by the taking of Dunkirk Bergues St. Winox Furnes and Dixmude which took the Netherlands and constrained Don John of Austria and the Prince of Conde to retire into the heart of Flanders and to put themselves under the protection of Tournay Our Army at the same time took Mont-Cassel Graveline Oudenard and was also Master of the Field Ipre was afterwards taken and upon the defeat of the Prince of Ligne Mencin and other Forts surrendered themselves The Spaniards requested of his Holiness and the State of the Empire to mediate for Peace The Journy to Lion and the interview of their Majesties and their Royal. Highnesses of Savoy could not contribute to that Agreement which was intended for a double Alliance the Queen having other thoughts at the same time to make peace with Spain and Marry the King to the Infanta The arrival of Monsieur Pimantell was the occasion of the Journey of Monsieur de Lionne to Moden and they were the two Ministers that treated with Cardinal Mazarine and Don Lewis de Haro A Cessation of all sorts of Hostility was published on both sides in Order to a solid and firm Peace And then it was that Men began to hope for the wonted Intercourse between the two Nations and that the former Commerce would be establish'd which had been interrupted for four and twenty years together Cardinal Mazarine and Don Lewis de Haro being arrived in the Island of Faisans began the Treaty the 13th of August which was at length concluded upon the seventh of November after four and twenty Conferences at such a time that Peace seemed to be more desired then expected The success of the Low Countries and those of Portugal constrain'd the Spaniards to a Conclusion the Queen-Mother giving them to understand that if they let slip this Occasion they might probably never recover the same again The disorders of Marseilles forc'd the King to take a journey into Provence The Duke of Merceur enter'd the City with his Sword in his hand at the Head of the Light-Horse to preserve it from Plunder which done his Majesty appointed the Erection of a Citadel the place and compass where he immediately assign'd In the year 1660. He continued his Progress through all Tholouse Bourdeaux and Bayonne to the very Island of Faisans where happened an Interview between the two Kings and the Reception of the Infanta The Pomp and Consummation of this great Mariage appear'd extreamly advantagious to the two Nations The Ceremonies finish'd the Court return'd to Paris which had prepar'd all things for the Magnificent Entrie which the Queen made the 26th of August The Death of the Duke of Orleans at Blois the 2d of Feb. 1661. and of Cardinal Mazarine at Vineennes the 9th of March moderated in some measure the publick rejoycings They were very much lamented by the King and their own Creatures But the Mariages of the Duke of Orleans with the Princess of England and of the Prince of Florence with Madomoiselle Dr Orleans made them forget these Losses The restraint of the Sieur Fouqnet surpriz'd not only his own but all People of business The Erection of the Chamber of Justice was very disadvantageous for them It opened the Kings Eyes and caused him to take Care of his Kingdom It established an admitable Order in his Houshold and a rare Discipline in his Armies keeping both the great and meaner Officers in their Duty and an entire dependency It has also made him so much the Master of the Fortresses and Citadels in the Kingdom that the General and particular Governors are in a most perfect Obedience The Spaniard was desirous to experiment whether his Majesties new Government were upheld with constancy and vigour To this purpose the Baron of Batteville at Londou assaulted the Count d' Estrades at the publick Entry of the extraordinary embassador of Swedeland The King complained thereof at Madrid and at Brussels and recall'd his Commissioners that were employ'd with those of Spain for the Regulation of the Limits The Marquiss of Fuentas came to make his Majesty satisfaction assuring him that his Master had sent Order to his Embassadors and Ministers not to appear at all in Competition with those of France which was made in the presence of eight Embassadors and twenty two Residents The Birth of the Dauphin of France and the Prince of Spaine the first and sixth of November were great favours to both Nations The King made several Knights the first day of the year 1662. There was great wondring that the Duke of Longueville should pretend to precede the Duke of Vendosme who preceded in Birth not only him but all Forraign Princes The Count of Soissons and the Duke of Guise refus'd the Order of Knighthood saying they would go in pairs like the Dukes of Merceur and Beaufort which was adjudged with great knowledg of the Cause in favour of the Natural Princes The first Campaign of the Portugeses astonished Spain as did also the Mariage of the King of England with the Infanta The Succors which they obtain'd from the French and English and the Signal Victories which they got by that means have contributed much to the establishment of that Crown The Limits of the Kings Conquests were for the time happily regulated at Mets. The Assault made at Rome upon the Duke of Crequi and the evil consequences which were thought would have followed from thence were terminated by the Treaty of Pisa In the year 1663. The Embassadors of the thirteen Cantons of Switzerland came to renew the fair Alliance betwixt them and France There happened some Disorder in Lorrain Marsal was invested by the Count of Guiche but the Kings Journey in eleven days and the submission of Duke Charles who redelivered the Place to the Kings obedience calm'd that Tempest In the Month of December the King created fourteen Dukes and Peers and the Duke of Anguien espoused the Princess Palatine Anna of Baviera Germany was very much alarumed in the year 1664. at the raising the Siege of Canisia and taking the Fort of Serini and Montecuculi the Emperors General was repuls'd and his Army had been lost had it not beeen for the French Troops under the Count of Fueillade who defeated the Turks upon the Raab They came to encamp before Vienna and made an irruption into Silesia However that signal Rout constrained the Infidels to make a Truce for twentynine years between the two Empires The enterprise of Gigeri contributed very much to it so that the name of France was very much redoubted in the Ottaman Court. In the year 1665. The English and Hollanders made a new War and France engaged it self to succor the United Provinces nevertheless he sent the Duke of Vernueil into England to mediate a Reconciliation But the English Treaty with the Bishop of Munster very much astonished the Hollander so that the Troops that were sent to their Releif embroiled us with the King of Great Britain The Death
of the King of Spain which happened upon the 17th of September was followed by that of the Duke of Vendosme the 22th of October The King and all the Court testified their sorrow to the Dutchess his Wife and to the Prinees of his Family To which purpose the King sent the Duke of St. Aignan clad all in Mourning the Train of his outward Garment being carried up by two of his Gentlemen in Ordinary with a square Bonnet and the Coller of the Order conducted by the Sieur Saintot the King at Arms and the Heralds who after they had presented him the Holy water he cast it three times upon the Coffin of the deceased Prince while his Majesties Musick sang the Anthem de Profundis The Count of Pressis Pralin and the Marquis Pluvant for the Duke of Orleans and Valois The Queen-Mothers of France and Portugal dyed the 20th of January and 27th of February 1664. The Peace between the Bishop of Munster and the Hollander occasioned the return of our Forces But the Hollanders puft up with their Victories affronted the Duke of Beaufort who apprehensive of their Treachery gain'd Brest in sight of the English-Fleet In the year 1667. The Grand Signor who made War in Candy for several years sent thither his Grand Vizier with a potent Army The place was assaulted with great Vigor and well defended by the Marquis Ville and the Venetians The Queen of Poland dyed the 10th of May and Alexander the VII the 22th to whom succeeded Clement the IX who has maintain'd the Grandeur and Dignity of the Church with great Zeal and Honour The Mariage between the Duke of Guise and Madamoiselle d' Alencou was Consummated the 15. The several Musters which the King made of his Forces were but a Divertisement to his Enemies but their March into Flanders astonished Castel-Rodrige who caused several places to be demolish'd His Majesty repaired Armentieres and Charle-le-Roy forced Fournay Bergue Furne Lisle Courtray Oudenarde and Alost which was retaken by assault by the Hollander and the Marshal-General making himself Master of the Place caused it to be demolished The Empress being brought to Bed of an Arch-Duke his Majesty sent the Marquis de Guiry to Congratulate their Imperial Majesties at Vienna who did not long enjoy the happiness which she promised to her self of seeing a King of the Romans The Estates and People of Portugal deposed their King Alphonsus from the Government and gave it to Don Pedro his Brother who married the Queen upon the Nullity of the first Marriage In the year 1668. The King having requested the Pope to be Godfather to his Son Monsieur the Dauphin he cast his eye upon the Cardinal of Vendosme To him therefore he sent full power and authority to perform the Ceremony wherein the Cardinal behav'd himself with great honour He gave the King to understand that it belong'd to his Holiness in his person and not to the Queen of England to name the Prince and to the Bishops to tender to his dignity and to the Holy See those respects and submissions which were due The Prince was named Lewis and the Ceremonie was performed at St. Germains the 24th of March. The Honours were carried by the Bourbons and the Train of the Prince's Royal Mantle was born by the Duke of Vendosme having his precedence immediately after the Princes of the blood The Dispensation which the Legate gave for the second Marriage of the Queen of Portugal his Niece is to be accounted one of those blowes of State lucky and unlook'd for The Duke of Beaufort and the Knight of Vendosme in his thirteenth year Embarqued with an intention to make a descent into the Spanish Tertitories But the Peace and an extraordinary Tempest put a stop to the Designs of that great Admiral however it made the boldness and fierceness of the young Prince to be admired The Conquest of Franche Conte during the Carnival was one of the greatest Actions that ever were performed it amazed all the World and caused the Spaniard to quit the Name and Arms of Portugal and their Pretentions to that Crown However the Province was restored by the Peace of Aix la Chapelle and partly at the request of Clement the IX The King having a greater regard to the good of Christendome then the Grandeur of his glory and Dominion The Birth of the Infant of Portugal happened upon the sixth of January 1669. at what time his Holiness exhorted all the Princes of Christendome to the Relief of Candie The Duke of Beaufort carried thither the Knight of Vendosme with a Detachment of Seamen One time among the rest hearing the Enemy beat their Reveillez betimes in the Morning he Commanded his Drums to beat a Charge and clear the Retrenchment at the head of the first Battalion which he did so generously that the Turks abandoned the Place But the Fire which the Christians put to their Magazines caused such a Panick-Fear as forced them to return The Duke forsaken by his own People was euvelop'd by the Infidels He could not quit the Field nor the Victory which he had gotten The Knight of Vendosme stood firm to him Fortune and War have spared that youthful Mars and the Honour of that famous and glorious Retreat which he made the 25th of June gave the world to understand he was both Soldier and Captain The great Services which the Cardinal Duke of Vendosme did the King and Kingdom terminated the 6th of August after all the pains which he had taken to forward the Forces that were design'd for Condy. The Dutchess of Vendosme his Mother was the example and Model of Vertue and Sanctity of Lise and dyed this year as also did the Queen of England the one on the 8th the other on the 10th of September Our Monarch took a Progress into Flanders 1670. to shew the Queen the Conquests lately joyned to his Dominion and confirmed by the Treaty of Aix la Chapelle His Majesty visited all the places took a View of the Fortifications and Magazins the strength and force of his Garrisons and what was wanting to keep them in a true Posture of defence Wherein such has been his great pains and care that of places mean and of no regard they are now become of great importance and capable to endure long Sieges A new Embroylment of the Duke of Lorrain constrained the King to send thither the Duke of Crequi with an Army which took Possession of Ponta Mousson the Walls whereof were rais'd of Espinal and Chate the Garrisons of which places did but plunder and destroy the Country adjoyning An Embassador was sent by one of the Kings of the Coast of Guiny who keeps his Court at Darda to admire the Grandeur of his Majesties Court and to see what advantages he could make by establishing Commerce Those barbarous people live in Idolatry and are very much to be pittied In the year 1671. The Spaniards by their Emissaries making the Duchu apprehensive of our Neighbourhood