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war_n	castille_n	king_n	portugal_n	4,412	5	11.2766	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A40439	The life of Dom John de Castro, the fourth vice-roy of India wherein are seen the Portuguese's voyages to the East-Indies, their discoveries and conquests there, the form of government, commerce, and discipline of warr in the east, and the topography of all India and China : containing also a particular relation of the most famous siege of Dio, with a map to illustrate it / by Jacinto Freire de Andrada, written in Portuguese ; and by Sr Peter Wyche, Kt., translated into English.; Vida de Dom João de Castro, quarto viso-rey da India. English	Freire de Andrade, Jacinto, 1597-1657.; Wyche, Peter, Sir, 1628-1699?	1663 (1663)	Wing F2155; ESTC R7129	235,174	319

the Altar on the Gospel-side is the Monument of Dom Iohn de Castro in which before 't was clos'd were laid his Bones with the following Epitaph D. JOANNES DE CASTRO XX. PRO RELIGIONE IN UTRAQUE MAURITANIA STIPENDIIS FACTIS NAVATA STRENUE OPERA THUNETANO BELLO MARI RUBRO FELICIBUS ARMIS PENETRATO DEBELLATIS INTER EUPHRATEM ET INDUM NATIONIBUS GEDROSICO REGE PER SIS TUR CIS UNO PRAELIO FUSIS SERVATO DIO IMO REIPUB REDDITO DORMIT IN MAGNUM DIEM NON SIBI SED DEO TRIUMPHATOR PUB LICIS LACHRIMIS COMPOSITUS PUBLICO SUMPTU PRAE PAUPER TATE FUNERATUS OBIIT VIII ID JUNII ANNO 1548. AETATIS 48. Under the Arch adjoyning to this rest the Bones of his Wife Dona Leonor Coutinho 108. On the Epistle-side of the Altar under an Arch over against that where is Castro's Monument rests his Son Dom Alvaro where his Bones were put in the same manner on him is writ this following Epitaph D. ALVARUS DE CASTRO MAGNI JOANNIS PRIMO-GENITUS CUI PENE AB INFANTIA DISCRIMINUM SOCIUS PUGNARUM PRAECURSOR TRIUMPHORUM CONSORS AEMULUS FORTITUDINIS HAERES VIRTUTUM NON OPUM REGUM PROSTATOR IN SINAI VERTIGE EQUES FELICITER INAUGURATUS A REGE SEBASTIANO SUMMIS REGNI AUCTUS HONORIBUS BIS ROMAE SEMEL CASTELLAE GALLIAE SABAUDIAE LEGATIONE PERFUNCTUS OBIIT IV. KALEND SEPTEMB ANNO 1575. AETATIS SUAE 50. In the next Arch to this lies his Wife Dona Anna de Attayde under the Body of the Chapel is made a Vault with six stone Arches in one of which is an Altar to celebrate Mass the rest have Repartments for the Bones and Bodies of the Dead 109. The Bishop Inquisitor General Founder of this Chapel gave for the maintenance of those Religious who are to perform the Duties of it to the Convent of Bemfica two hundred and forty thousand Reis yearly to be paid out of the Chamber of this City of Lisbone which are thus distributed One hundred and twenty thousand Reis for three Masses to be daily Celebrated fifty though given before for the Anniversaries he shall appoint in his Will forty for the Fabrick and providing the Chapel thirty for supplying the necessities of those Religious men who reside in the Novic●ate for the looking to and cleaning the Chapel which besides this he Adorn'd with many rich and devout Pieces and gave to the Sachristy all things necessary for Divine Worship as well Ornaments for Holy-days as Work-days Linning Candlesticks of all sizes Lamps and other such like necessaries all in aboundance and perfection 110. Dom Iohn de Castro as Illustrious for his Family as Virtues was Born in Lisbone the 27th of February of the year one thousand five hundred He was second Son to Dom Alvaro de Castro Governour of the House of Civil and to Dona Leonor de Noronha the Daughter of Dom Iohn de Almeyda second Earl of Abrantes Grand-child to Dom Garcia de Castro who was Brother to Dom Alvaro de Castro the first Earl of Monsanto these two were Sons to Dom Fernando de Castro Grand-children to Dom Pedro de Castro and great Grand-children to Dom Alvaro Pirez de Castro Earl of Arrayolos and first Constable of Portugal Brother to the Queen Dona Inez de Castro Wife to King Dom Pedro the Cruel This Constable was Son to Dom Pedro Fernandez de Castro call'd in Castile the Man of Warr who coming into this Kingdome begun here the Illustrious house of the Castros which hath preserv'd it self in so much greatness Dom Pedro by the Male line descended from the Infante Dom Fernando Son to King Dom Garcia of Navarre who Married Dona Maria Alvarez de Castro the only Daughter of the Earl Alvaro Fanhez Minaya the fifth Grand-child in descent from Lain Calvo from whom this Family derives its beginning Dom Iohn de Castro when very young Marry'd Dona Leonor Coutinho his Cousin-German once remov'd greater for her Quality then Portion with whom retiring to the Town of Almada he by an Antidated old Age avoided the ambition of the Court He went to serve at Tangiers where he gave the first but extraordinary proofs of his Courage though of his Actions there we have more from his Fame then our Knowledge He return'd to Court re-call'd by the King Dom Iohn the third and the Kingdome being too narrow for his Gallantry went to India with Dom Garcia de Noronha He accompany'd Dom Estevaon de Gama in his expedition to the Mouth of the Red-Sea and made a Journal of his Voyage a usefull and acceptable work to Sea-men On his return to Portugal he retir'd to his Country-house at Sintra recreating himself by Reading in his Solitudes and employments always Exemplary He put on his Sword again to follow the Eagles of Charls the Emperour in the Battail of Tunez where he rais'd his name with new Glory when this design was over hiding himself from his own Fame he again retir'd to Sintra knowing how to avoid not keep himself from employments The King Dom Iohn made him Admiral of the Navy of the Coast a Service where his Courage was answered by Success He went last of all to Govern India where by the Victories we have related he secur'd and brought into reputation the State When the designs of Warr spar'd him he in a large Card describ'd all the Coast betwixt Goa and Dio marking the Flats and Shelves the height of the Pole in which the Cities lye the depth of Water Anchoring and Creeks which form the Havens the Trade-winds and Nature of those Seas the force of the Currents the swiftness of Rivers disposing the Lines in different Tables all with so minute and exact Geography as only this Work might serve to make him Famous if he were not so eminently for his great Fortitude He look't the same in his streights at Home and prosperity in the East appearing always the same Man in diverse Fortunes his Ambition was to deserve all things and ask nothing He equally did reason and justice to all men unbyast in his Punishments but so Justifiable that the Complaints were more against the Law then Minister He was free to the Souldiers sparing to his Children shewing more civility in his Office then Nature He us'd with a great deal of Ceremony the Actions of his Predecessours honouring even those he put not in practice without prostituting his Civility he preserv'd his Respect He appear'd above the Great ones and Father of the Meanest such was his Life as by that more then by Punishments he reform'd extravagancies his first Zeal was always in God's cause then in the States he past no Virtue without Reward some Vices without Punishment amending not a few some by Favours others by Clemency The presents he receiv'd from the Prince of Asia he put to the King's Revenue a Virtue all prais'd few imitated the maimed Souldiers found him Sollicitous in their Cure and Compassionate of their Condition He oblig'd every one yet seem'd obnoxious to

then heart could think In every of the five he paints five Pence So sums the thirty by a Cinque fold cinque Accounting that which is the Center twise Of the five Cinques which he doth place Cross-wise Though the more Venerable Testimony of a Latin Record made of the Oath Alphonsus Henriques took in the year 1152. before the Bishop and Magistracy of Combra and the Bishop of Braga about the Vision he saw before the Engagement saith he was proclamed King before the Fight as was fore-told by Christ who at the same time commanded him to take for his Arms what he paid for the Redemption of Man and what he was sold for to the Iews to which the King added for his Crest Moses's Serpent A Type of Christ The words under the King's Oath are Gentem tuam invenies alacrem ad bellum fortem potentem ut sub Regis nomine in hac pugna egrediaris Nec dubites sed quicquid petierint liberè concede Ego enim Aedificator Dissipator Imperiorum Regnorum sum Volo enim in te in semine tuo Imperium mihi stabilire ut deferatur nomèn meum in exteras gentes Et ut agnoscant succ●ssores tui datorem Regni insigne tuum ex pretio quo ego humanum genus emi ex qno ego à Judaeis emptus sum compones This Record also sets down a famous Prediction delivered at the same time by an old Hermit to Alfonsus as he then affirm'd upon Oath concerning the Succession Alienation and Restauration of the Crown of Portugall Bono animo esto Vinces vinces non vinceris Dilectus es a Domino Posuit enim super te super semen tuum oculos misericordiae suae usque in sextam decimam generationem in qua attenuabitur proles sed in ipsam attenuatam ipse respiciet videbit which this Age hath seen fulfill'd precisely and to the Letter by the King of Spain's seising on the Kingdome of Portugall after the Death of King Henry the Cardinal who succeeded the unfortunate Sebastian the seventeenth King and by the happy Restauration of the Royal Family in King John the Fourth of Glorious memory Father to our most Incomparable Queen Katherine This Record was found engross'd in Parchment with five Seals annex'd in the Royal Monastery of Alcobaca the Original was carried to Philip the Second King of Spain and is now in the Escurial there remains in Lisbone an Authentique Copy and Dom Antonio de Sousa de Macedo hath Printed it in the second Proeme of his Lusitania Liberata pag. 96 97 and 98. This first King took Saint Iren from the Moors and by the help of the Northern Fleet sent to the Holy Land under the Command of William Long-sword got from them after a long and bloody Siege Lisbone Afterwards Beja and Evora and the greatest part of the Country on the South-side of Tagus by the Portuguese called Allentejo he Died in the year of our Lord 1185. of his Reign 73. and of his Age 91. a King so extraordinary in his own Person in the unusual length of his Life and Reign was necessary for the fast Rooting that Monarchy which was so gloriously to spread it self as far as East and West extend 4 Alphonsus was succeeded by his Son Sanctius the first from whom the Crown continued in the direct Descendency for above two hundred years till John the first Brother to King Ferdinand the last of nine Kings who in continual Warrs had imployed their Pious and Victorious Arms in driving the Moors out of Europe so long so stoutly did they defend their Possessions 5. King John seeing all clear behind him did then Prudently and in Compliance with that Innate hatred the Crown of Portugall had against the Mahometans pass over to Africa where he took from the Moors the City of Ceuta as Emulous and Troublesome a Neighbour and Competitor to Spain as Carthage was once to Italy After this advantage on the Africans his third Son the Infante Dom Henrique Commander of the Cavalliers of Christ an order founded by Dennis the sixth King of Portugal against the Infidels on the Dissolution of that of the Knights Templers incited by the obligation of his Office and Family set upon the Discovery of the Western Coast of Arabia of which in the expedition of Ceuta cujus pars magna fuit and other passages made over thither he had got the best Information he could find amongst the Moors He began his design Anno 1420. by sending forth every year two or three Ships which were to pass Cape Non the furthest of the Spanish discoveries and by them so named like Hercules pillars from their despair of passing further In all the Voyages of twelve years they came but to the Cape Bojador so named from its Launching out which no man had the boldness to double because finding that Cape to shoot out Westward about forty Leagues further then the rest of the Coast and at the beginning of the Cape a Bank of Sands to run the same way the unexperienced and raw Pilots used then to Sail by the Shore durst not stand off ●ix Leagues which had avoided the Flats and go so far Westward The Infante undaunted by the consideration of expence or danger continually set out Fleets and gave Orders to the most skilfull and stout Commanders to adventure the passing that then so formidable Cape In these Voyages Porto Sancto was after a great Storm recovered and found out and so named from the Preservation afterwards the Island Madeira so called from the thick Woods upon it with Resolute and Magnanimous perseverance Vast and Prodigious expence unheard of Suffering and Danger he at last past the Cape and in forty three years carried on his Discoveries from Cape Non in twenty eight degrees and an half of Northern Latitude to Cape Sierra Lione in 7 3 4. of the same Latitude which makes on the Shore 430. Leagues In the Sea besides those already mentioned were found out in his time the Canary Islands and those of Capoverde He laid the foundation of that great Design not thought of by any of the Antients but Semiramis Bacchus and Alexander the Great and till now above the narrow Souls of so many succeeding Ages the 13th of November in the year 1463. was the Day of his glorious Memory 6. Alphonsus the fifth Grand-child to John the first by his Son King Edward who Reigned but five years set to Farm at a certain Rate the Trade of Guinney for five years to Fermon Gomes on condition that beginning from the Cape Sierra Lione he should every year discover one hundred Leagues on the Coast In January 1471. he first came to the place in Guinney by him called and yet of the same name the Mine and there began to truck for Gold His discoveries fell not short of his agreement for they reached to Cape Saint Katherine so call'd because first seen on her Day which lies in 2

Ceremony of the Sea by their often repeated Salutations Rejoycing and Affrightnings of the place Dom Alvaro Bacaon with the Chief Officers of the Fleet came presently to Visit Dom Iohn de Castro on Board where when the Complements were ended he gave him an account of what he heard of the Enemy and that according to Intelligence his first Onset would be upon Ceita they then fell upon 't that the Fleets of two such great Princes being joyned it lay upon both their Honours to Fight the Enemy though he should be much stronger that we Fought in our own Seas and in sight of our own Ports which would be able in the Fight to furnish us with fresh men and our battered Ships would have a refuge at hand that though the Turks should get the Victory they would be so broken as not to be able to set upon any place in the Streight which by Fighting let the success be what it would they should secure Besides the Orders they had under Seal to find out the Enemy could not be understood otherwise with safety to their Honour and Obedience Having taken this so precise and bold Resolution the Souldiers were all on Fire and the Chief Commanders Sollicitous in giving out their Orders and disposing for so great an Affair when on a suddain advises came thick that Barba-Rossa with his whole Fleet was coming towards the Streight Dom Iohn de Castro presently sends for his men who were on shore Commands the Captains to fit and trim their Ships and sends word to Dom Alvaro he was weighing who coold of his first heat by an imaginary fight of the Enemy writ to Dom Iohn that new accidents must have new Counsails that by the Spies intelligence he knew Barba-Rossa's Fleet was double to the Armados that 't was neither according to the Intention or for the Service of their Princes to lose themselves in so apparent a Danger that while their Fleets were entire the Enemy could undertake no great matter and if in the Fight they should have the worst of 't all the places of the Streight would be the reward of the Victory that 't was much against his humour to desist from Fighting but the Service of Cesar was to be minded before the Gallantry of particular Persons that he desir'd him to bring all his Fleet into Port and as the Turk mov'd they would more safely conclude what was to be done Dom Iohn de Castro answer'd the Spanish General that he alter'd not his Opinion at the fight of the Enemy that their appearing timorous would encourage the Turks whose design being to get footing in Spain the Fleets ought out of honour to engage much more out of a sense of the Effront what would the World say if the Forces of two such great Princes joyn'd only to manage a defensive Warr against Barba-Rossa letting the Turkish Banners Lord it in our Seas in sight of the Eagles of the Empire and the Cinques of Portugall that he was resolv'd to expect the Enemy not fearing to be Blam'd however the day went because if worsted lost men answer'd nothing and no body would call Conquerours to question 29. But neither had this Resolution force enough to sway the Spanish General Dom Alvaro Bacaon we are not certain whether he thought it the better or the more secure way Don Iohn de Castro put himself in the Streights mouth where he lay three days here he had advice that the Enemies Fleet steered another course by Dissentions of the Chief Officers or as other Memorials have it Barba-Rossa had received new Orders from the Turk to bring back the Fleet yet the Gallantry of Castro's staying in the Streight deserv'd envy from the Living glory from Posterity since for the obtaining a memorable Victory not Courage but Occasion was wanting though this so generous resolution was diversly tax'd in Spain those Branding it who call all extraordinary actions Temerity yet I believe those who most condem'd it would have been content to have it themselves 30. Dom Iohn seeing by the Enemies retiring those places above their fear went to Ceita to communicate some part of his instructions to Dom Affonso Noronha who receiv'd him with so many Shot as the Spaniards in Gibraltar thought the Fleet had been engag'd yet would they not weigh Anchor and come forth so alterable were they in their first so firm in their second resolution Here Dom Iohn had news that the Moors had laid close siege to Alcacere Ceguer a place our men kept in Africa at an unnecessary charge and danger the Governour was a Gentleman of the Family de Freitas he immediately sent his Son Dom Alvaro with part of the Fleet and Orders to put relief into the Town and to continue in the Port till the Enemy sail'd out first which he did providing the place with Victuals and Ammunition and the Moors Army consisting of Hot-headed men the heat of their first Onset being cool'd they rais'd the siege Dom Alvaro return'd to the rest of the Fleet which having secur'd Ceita and freed it from fear of the Turks return'd to Lisbone where the Fame of both his adventures was arriv'd before which was the greater by lighting on Valour so unquestionable but Dom Iohn who counted nothing great and despis'd his own Actions avoided popular applause by retiring to Sintra either out of Modesty or Hight not Valewing any thing he did worthy of himself 31. The King Dom Iohn was about finding out one to Govern the State of India Martin Affonso de Sousa having staid out his Time and instantly desiring a Successour the affairs of the East upon diverse Emergencies declining and he unwilling that the glory of his Actions should be foil'd by a mis-carriage in the Warr very well knowing that the Peoples ignorance might occasion such a disgrace as might discredit many Victories for so considerable an employment the King look'd upon men differently qualified upon some who for the antiquity of their Blood without respect to their Deservings us'd to Inherit the great places a second piece of Tyranny of the Nobilities invention upon others who were mean in their Birth but famous in Themselves who lost what was due to their Merits because others had none so as for so eminent an employment deserts not well Born or a bare Title would not do 32. The King on these reasons irresolv'd whom to chuse to trust with-the weight of so great a Government ask'd the Infant Dom Lewis whom as affairs now stood He should make Governour in the Indies He told him the opinion he had of Castro's Temper that though in the business of the Streights many thought he had behav'd himself too Daringly yet 't was certain there 's no Souldier but would be glad to have been guilty of so Honourable a fault that though those who envy'd him accus'd him of being High and Cynical because he begg'd no Rewards or Courted the Ministers of

soon as Ruy Lopez had notice of Sousa's coming and of the business he came about desiring artificially to excuse or delay breaking with us till the assistance he hop't for came from Spain he sent to Visit him and by a plausible Letter minded him that they were amongst Pagans who that they might be their own Masters Coveted our falling out that we already had Warrs and Enemies enough in India that we were very few to plant so great a World that he profer'd us his Sword with that to keep the Pagans more in awe that as Spaniards they were good Souldiers and as Catholicks they were better Friends that he was to consider Peace with the Emperour more concern'd Portugall then the Cloves of the Malucco that those differences betwixt the Subjects might prove like Mines which often play a great way off the place they were Sprung at 15. To this Letter compos'd of Rodomontados and Flatteries Sousa's answer was that he was but a little man but as short in his Resolution as his Stature that those Islands were his Masters the King of Portugall that he was able with the same Sword which got 'em to defend 'em that he very well knew him to be a Spaniard and a Catholick but that being so did not warrant him to take away his Cloak that the Emperour would not make Warr with Portugall before first reading in the Chronicles of Castile how it far'd with his Predecessors that what he was to do was either to embarque for India or put himself with his men into the Fort thence he would provide him with safe Shipping for Spain 16. The Castilian by this so peremptory Letter saw that Fernaon de Sousa would not by slow-working Physick Cure the distemper and neither able to resist him nor willing to obey him writ to him the second time for a suspension of Arms that they might advise their Princes how things stood and they make an accommodement of this affair for if before employing that diligence there should be any Blood shed it would lye upon both the Kings to revenge their Subjects injuries that there were betwixt Portugall and Castile many pretences and grievances which Peace cover'd that he was not desirous to revive that Fire which was Buried in the Ashes of a long Amnesty that if the Castilians went away with complaints in their Mouths their own injuries might easily bring them back again that though broken with the Sea and their Sufferings if oblig'd to unreasonable conditions their own Gallantry would inspirit 'em with more vigor then their present necessity 17. Fernaon de Sousa by the intrigues of this Letter and other intelligence knowing that the Castilians aim●d at doing their business by delays answer'd that leaving off Arguments he should prepare to defend his right by the Sword 18. Ruy Lopez de Villalobos by this answer finding himself either detected or scorn'd chose rather to be overcome by reason then force and immediately writ to Fernaon de Sousa that the next day only with three Companions they might meet at Sea to conclude on the terms of Passage and Shipping he had proffer'd which was accordingly done Fernaon de Sousa coming from the Fort in a Boat very richly adorn'd and steering to the Castilians who staid for him they spent a great deal of time in the tedious Ceremonies of concluding who was to go into the others Boat the Castilian went into Sousa's where their Salutes and Civilities made way for the business in hand 19. Fernaon de Sousa with a great deal of moderation insisted on the reasons of his pretensions which were engrost and allow'd of by the Kings of Portugall and Castile and which Ruy Lopez de Villalobos was glad to see our right being his discharge they concluded that within three days the Castilians should come into our Fortress of Ternate where passage should be provided 'em for India with liberty to carry away the Goods Commodities and Arms they had and that the King of ●idore of their Faction should continue as before in our favour the Solemnities which ended this agreement were a great Banquet and merrily Drinking their Kings healths a civility they often afforded 'em Fernaon de Sousa as the custom is in India added presents to the entertainment giving Jewels to the Captain and his Companions so leaving 'em more satisfy'd with their Merchandize then dispatch for the pleasantness of the Cloves made up the Disgusts of their reception 20 Fernaon de Sousa having sent away the Captains return'd to the Fort very well satisfy'd that he had so much to the advantage of his own Honour and the State plaind so perplext a business on the third day the day appointed for the Castilians to come to our Fort Fernaon de Sousa made all the Pompous preparations he could to shew the Pleasure with which he expected his Guests whom he went out to Sea to seek which when Ruy Lopez was advis'd of he sent off a Boat from shore desiring him to put off the business till the next day for he was then encountring with some difficulties which from him he should be acquainted with Fernaon de Sousa taking this delay to be design and that the Castilian kept not touch with him and receiving the message at Sea commanded his men to Row and with more passion then prudence went alone amongst the Castilians Ruy de Lopez saw it and with a Guard of fourscore Musquetiers came to wait for him at the Sea-side whence carrying him to his Lodgings told him what a Tumult had hapned amongst his men for Dom Alonso Henriquez Captain of a Ship cloaking his own interest with the zeal of serving his Prince refus'd to stand to the agreement and had about him who upheld his party his Friends and some mutinous Persons possessing the King of Tidore and others with extravagant Jealousies thereby to encrease his Faction calling his Sedition Zeal and the Generals moderation Cowardise for delivering up the Arms and Banners of Spain which with his Life he had sworn to Defend and depriving the Emperour of the Command of such plentifull Islands and the poor Souldiers of the fruit and reward of so dangerous a Voyage that the Portuguese a proud Nation and always Cross to theirs would Laugh at our so tame a surrender But that he knew all that bravery to be falsly grounded for 't was neither the service of Cesar nor the love of Honour which mov'd 'em but the desire of the Cloves of which they had gather'd great quantities and could not trust us that we would let 'em carry to Spain the news of that Commodity whose worth would pay 'em for all the dangers and troubles they had run through Fernaon de Sousa and the rest who said as he did hearing this as to that particular took off their fears and the Castilians gallantry only covering their interest the next day they rendred themselves at the Fort forgetting the high words in which