Freezland the Ganthois and Brugeois mutinue againe and keepe the King of Romaines prisoner to whose succour the Emperour Frederick his father came against whom and against the Frisons he made Albert Duke of Saxonie his generall a priuate warre in Holland a peace betwixt the Flemmings and the Arch-duke diuers Factions armed in Freezland Duke Albert seekes a quarrell against them both a peace betwixt the Arch-duke Philip of Austria and Charles the 8. the French King the Arch-duke takes possession of the Neitherlands war betwixt the Duke of Gelders the Arch-duke the Estates of Freezland held at Snâ—…cke whereof followed great wars Duke Albert obtaines of the Emperour the hereditarie gouernment of Freezland the continuance of the warre in Freezland Duke Albert slaine before Groningen the Arch-duke inherits the Realmes of Spaine by his wife Duke George of Saxonie after the death of Albert his father contiâ—…ues the warre in Freezland the Duke of Gelders reconciled to the King of Castile the death of the said King warre renewed betwixt the Geldrois and the Bourguignons MAXIMILIAN Arch-duke of Austria sonne to the Emperour Frederick was borne the 12. of March 1459. from his infancie vntill he came to be fourteene or fifteene yeares old he was of a heauie disposition and slow in speech for he grew some-what big before he could pronounce his words but being come to age hee recompenced that defect by wisedome and readinesse of speech especially in the Latin tongue Nature and the bountie of God did adorne and inrich him with so many vertues for the good of the Empire as by the iudgement of euery man he did exceed all the Christian Princes of his time in vigour viuacitie and quicknesse of spirit in domestick publike polliticke and militarie vertues in zeale to religion in bountie worthy of such a Prince and of an invincible courage as well in prosperitie as in aduersitie Hee was about 20. years old when hee married his first wife Marie Dutchesse of Bourgongne Countesse of Holland Zeeland c. By whom hee had the first yeare of their marriage one sonne named Philip who was father to Charles the fift the second yeare he had one daughter named Marquerite the which in her infancie was betrothed to Charles Dolphin of France sonne to King Lewis the 11. The third yeare he had a sonne named Francis so named by Francis Duke of Brittaine The fourth yere he dyed as we will shew in the deduction of this Historie This vertuous Prince marrying this Princesse of Bourgongne was withall wedded to great warres which we will discribe heare for that which shall concerne the Neitherlands as succinctly as wee can referring those of Italy and Germanie to Paulus Iouius Francis Guichardin and others that haue written of that subiect The French King had no care but how he should deuoure all the siegneories of this Princesse but hearing of her marriage whereon hee thought least he did somewhat moderate the least of his greedie couetousnesse He had already notwithstanding the Truce made with the Duke father to the said Lady wrested away violently all the Townes of Picardie on this side the Riuer of Some the countrie of Arthois with Tournay and Tournesis practising all hee could the Towne of Gaunt and the Flemmings beeing easie to mooue and which since gaue many crosses to the Arch-duke Maximilian It was therefore needfull for this Prince to craue the succours and means of his father and his friends in Germanie for the Neitherlandes were much vnpeopled both of their Nobilitie and of their best Commanders in warre and of common souldiers which had beene lost in those three defeates and those fewe which had remained in Picardie as the Lord of Cordes and others of the countrey of Arthois had imbraced the French Kings partie some for that their liuings lay in those Countries and others being drawne away by gifts and goodly promises The Arch duke hauing visited all the Prouinces of the Dutchesse his wife where he was well intertained and hauing receiued the oathes and hostages returned to Bruges where hee called an Assembly of all the Princes Earles Barons Knights and chiefe Gentlemen of the said Countries with the generall Estates to resolue of the best meanes and course that was to be taken to resist the attempts of the French king who did dayly seaze vppon some piece of his estate But for that hee was not yet Knighted his desire was before hee vndertooke any warre against the French to receiue the order of Knight-hood of the golden Fleece with the solemnities and Ceremonies accustomed as the good Duke Philip his wiues grand-father had instituted it Hauing therefore receiued the choller from Adolph of Cleues Lorde of Rauesteyn he held a generall Chapter of the said Order which hee renewed and added some other Knights Among the which were William of Egmond brother to Arnold Duke of Gelders father to Prince Adolph The feastes and tryumphs of this Ceremonie being ended the Arch-duke began to leuie men of all sides to expell the French out of his Territories who had already taken many places in Henault But hearing of this preparation for warre and of so great a leuie of men they left all and abandoned the countrey whether the Arch-duke went in person in a short time reduced all the countrie vnder his obedience and subiection after some light skirmishes and incounters which hee had often against the French in the which for the most part hee was victor The 22. of Iune in the yeare 1478. was borne in the cittie of Bruges Philip of Austria first child to the Arch-duke and the Lady Marie of Bourgongne which brought great ioy to all the Neitherlands giuing thanks vnto GOD that had giuen them a Prince who in time to come might gouerne them in peace and defend them against the French their naturall enemies Wee haue formerly sayd that Duke Arnold of Gelders had sold the Dutchie to Duke Charles of Bourgongne by reason of the great wrong which Prince Adolph his sonne had done him by his imprisonment wherof Duke Charles had taken possession in the life time of Duke Arnold But after the death of Duke Charles of Prince Adolph who was slaine as we haue said before Tournay the Geldrois did reuolt especially the Townes of Numeghen and Zutphen with their dependances The children of Prince Adolph were at that time bred vp in the Court of Bourgongne wherevpon the Geldrois sent for the Lady Katherine of Gelders sister to prince Adolph to come and gouerne the countrie the which she did which was the cause of great warre betwixt the house of Bourgongne and the Geldrois The Arch-duke Maximilian hauing reconquered the Countrie of Henault he marched with his troupes towards the Contrie of Gelders hee came to Ruremond where hee was receiued and at Venlo also and in all the quarters there abouts then he returned into Flanders went to Gaunt to set things in order In the Meane time
Franicker Duke Albert his father came posting out of Germanie to the Earle of Emden with a new armie to vngage his sonne and from thence hee went into Friseland where he made such a pittifull spoile as all both noble and base rich and poore Priestes Monkes Nunnes and Nou◅ces fled out of the Countrie none remaining but the poore pesants of the seuen Forrests who would see what the end might bee of all there miseries Duke Henry would gladly they had ruined all Friseland not being satisfied with the reuenge his father had taken But the father with a better consideration being of a deeper iudgement then his sonne would not consent vnto it But writ his letters freely vnto all the Villages That the Pesants should returne freely euery man to his house and that for a certaine summe of money which they should contribute euery one according to his habilitie he would receiue them againe into fauour Wherevppon they returned redeeming themselues of the Duke some Village at a 100. 200. 300. 400. 500. florins according to their wealth Then commandement was giuen to bring all their Armes into the Cittadell of Lewarden and aboue all for a reparation they should come bare-headed and bare-footed without girdles to sue for pardon vppon their knees and to promise all future obedience to him and his heires This was in regard of the countrey-men and pesants as for the Nobilitie gentrie and Church-men they were forced to purchase letters of grace and pardon at a deere rate Behold what miseries their factions caused hauing nourished them so long among them with so great obstinacie and rancour as some would rather haue lost their countrie libertie freedomes and Priuiledges goods ◅insfolkes and friends then to giue eare to any reconciliation calling in a strange Prince rough and austere with two sonnes of the same humour burning themselues to scald another For without doubt if they had liued vnited vnder one Potestate as they had been wont in old time and as the Emperours Commissioner Otto van Langen had well aduised them and that if they had chosen him the Emperor would neuer haue beene moued to remedie their ciuill wars by a soueraigne authoritie And there would not haue been any Prince so presumptuous that would haue dared to trouble their quiet much lesse to haue arrogated any right of superioritie or command ouer them But this strange Prince being called in by themselues hauing one partie which was the moitie of the countrie at his deuotion and many of the other partie shaken it was easie for him to humble them as Duke Albert of Saxony did remaining by that meanes Lord of Friseland The Duke fore-seeing that if hee did not in like sort subiect the towne of Groningen and the countrie there abouts he should neuer inioy Friseland quietly hee went the last of Iuly 1500. to besiege it he planted his Campe in Auwert Seewert and of the side of the Port of Bottoringhe hee battered it furiously as well the walles and Ramparts with his Cannon as the houses in ruine with his great morters The in habitants had a good garrison of souldiers who made many braue sallies vpon his campe One day as he himselfe was taking a marke with a Cannon a shot of artillerie came from the towne who although he were not toucht with the bollet yet was hee sore woūded with the splinters of the carriage the gabions was carried to his lodging In the meane season by reason of his wounds at the intercession of the Bishop of Vtrecht whome they of Groningen had intreated and of the Earle of Emden after that he had besieged it six weekes the plague also beeing very whot in his campe and hauing yet preuailed little he made a suspension of armes and raised his campe and then caused him selfe to be transported to Emden where he died the twelfth of September hauing before his retreat from Groningen left Cont Hughe van Lynsenack to bee his Lieutenant ouer all Friseland during his absence and his Sonnes giuing charge to Willebrord of Schoonenburch to enter into Friseland with 2500 men and to punnish the rebels which remained reducing them vnder his obedience who marched with his troupes vnto the seauen Forests and to Schellingwerff who neuer vnto that time wold acknowledge duke Albert for their Lord he camped in Oldebercoop sending for them of Schellingwerf to come vnto him who being loath to be ruined by their owne obstinacie sent their deputies to reconcile them vnto the duke and to acknowledge him for their Lord wherevpon they were receiued in paying three florins of gold vpon euery house for a reparation Duke Henry of Saxony sent his Fathers bodie into his country of Misnia and he himselfe went to Brusselles to his couzin the Archduke Philip neuer returning more into Friseland for that as they sayd being besieged in Franicker hee had vowed vnto God that if hee might get safely out he would neuer returne So afterwards he resigned all his right to duke George his yonger brother GEORGE DVKE OF SAXONY GOuernor of the Netherlands for the Archduke Phillip of Austria Prince and Lord of the said Countrie GEORGIVS DVX SAXONI◅ GVBER BELGII The Groningers and Frisons that to me He left the place and swaye but their bold ◅ight Driuing to danger and dispence I f◅e ◅o Emperor Charles surr◅ndred all my Right GEORGE duke of Saxony sonne to duke Albert hauing by the death of his Father and the resignation of duke Henry his elder brother obtained the gouernment of the country of Friseland Groningen by the title of donation which the Emperor had made vnto duke Albert had also since after the decease of the Archduke Philip of Austria King of Castille by his wife the gouernment of the Netherlands for a time in the absence of the Emperor Maximilian busied in the warres of Italie He was great grand-father to Prince Mary of Nassau by the mothers side About that time the banished men of Friseland which could obtaine no pardon from the dukes of Saxony father and sonne hearing that about Harderwyke in Geldres there were certaine troupes of soldiars that were not entertained by any some gentlemen Frisons that were fled out of their country went vnto them to drawe them vnto their seruice the which for money and faire promises marched with them towards Friseland But as they opprest the poore countrymen to much where they past they began to rise vpon them so as this troupe vanished and came to nothing Afterwards all these banished men with one common consent sent their deputies to Antwerp to the Archduke Philip and to duke Henry of Saxony for the Nobles there went Edo Iongama Edo Gerbranda Douwe Galama Tyark Walta Iuw Roorda Ian Roorda Rienick Campstra Ritsk Iuckama Sasker Heringa Wattie Harinxma Douwe Hiddama and Agge Lankama of Mackom for the clergy Hermā Pastor of Foswaert Albert Pastor of Styens Gello Pastor of Vollega some others of their Clergy These deputies
did much anoy the Geldrois within the circuit of Tyel and Bomel by spoiles and ransomes and among others he ruined the great village of Dryell On the other side Robert of Aremberghe being in garrison at Naerden as Gouernor of the contry of Goylandt did no lesse vpon the Velawe and contry there abouts To conclude all this warre was nothing but the ruine of the Contry-man and of some priuate Gentlemen In the yeare 1505. the truce betwixt the Duke of Saxony and the Groningeois expired and not being able to agree the warre reuiued The Regents for so we will call those sixe men which duke George had lefâ—… for the Gouernment of the Contry of Fresland did presently put 400. men into the fort of Auâ—…ert The Duke sent them also for a supply the seignior Vit van 〈◊〉 with some troopes who did also lodge in Auwert And then the Earle of Emden in the Dukes absence tooke vpon him the charge of Geneâ—…all of all the army and of the campe which he planted before Groningen willing the Regents to send him 600. men well armed wherein he was presently obeyed He caused a foâ—…t to be built vpon the territorâ—… oâ—… Ouerissell to keepe all succors from entring into Groningen on that side whereof the townes of the said Contrie of Ouerissel which are of the Dâ—…ocese of Vtrecht complained vnto their Bishop for otherwise they would willinglâ—… haue succored them but the Bishop pacified them and touching the succoâ—…s he diuided the Townes some desiring it others not so as in the meane time the fort was finished the which was called Wâ—…ert dâ—…n bras wherby the Groningeois were frustrate of the succors which they expected from them of Oueryssell The Emperour Maximiliâ—… being then in the contry of Gelders the towne of Groningen and the Townes of Ouerissel sent their deputies vnto him to make their complaints of the duke of Saxony and of the Regents which hee had commited for the gouerment of Frisland whervpon there was a day appointed in the towne of Hatem in Gelders whether came the saâ—…d dâ—…puties on the one part and the Earâ—…e of Emden with some of the 〈◊〉 on the other part Euery one deliuered his reasons which were well heard Bâ—…t the â—…mperour fauoring the dâ—…ke more then the rest the Groningeois and those of 〈◊〉 preuayled nothing In the same yeare died the Lady Isabella Queene of Castilâ—…e 〈◊〉 to the King Don Fernando of Arragon mother to the Lady Iane Arch-duâ—…hesse of Austria wife to the Archduke Phillip remayning their onely daughter so as now she was their onely heire and succeeded in the realmes of Castille Leon Granado c. Whereof she and her husband were crowned King and Queene in Brusselles whither the Crowne was sent them out of Spaine Cont Englebert of Nassau had alwayes disswaded the Archduke from making of warre against the duke of Gelders for being a wise Noble-man and knowing whereon he grounded his right hee did fore-see what the issue would bee after his death Some of the Archdukes counsell newly King of Castile perswaded him that before hee went into Spaine with his wife to take possession of her Kingdomes he should conquer all the Dutchie of Gelders and the Countie of Zutphen where-vppon hauing made a great preparation he went and besieged Bommel the which hee battered for a time then hauing but two Forts to keepe them in hee marched with his armie towards Arnhem the chiefe Towne and Chancerie of the Dutchie the which hauing besieged long and battered vntill it could endure no more in the end it was yeelded paying to the souldiers to redeeme the assaults 8000. Florins That of Harderwyck which is a sea Towne belonging to the duke of Gelders yeelded in the like maner then the Towne and castle of Hattem vppon the Riuer of Yssell where as the Earle of Suffolke an English-man was taken Then the Townes of Elburch Doesburch Dotecom Grolle Tyell Bommel Lochem and other small townes yeelded There was also many Gentle-men Geldrois which tooke the Bourguinons partie for so the Archdukes men were called Among others the siegnior of Bronckhorst Wisch Scheeren berghe Otto Scenck of Wachtendonck a braue knight who did much anoy the Geldrois with some others who went to serue the Archduke The duke of Gelders affaires were then reduced to that estate as if the Bourguignons had then pursued their victory they had wholy conquered all the duke of Gelders country During the Earle of Emdens siege before Groninghen there grewe some diuision betwixt him and the Germaine Collonels and other chiefe Officers of the duke of Saxonies wherewith the Earle was so discontented as without speaking of any word hee retyred to Dam the which his men held 3. leagues from Groninghen which the Germaines did little regard assuring themselues of the taking of Groninghen which was then brought to extremitie and could not long hold out hauing beene besieged almost a whole yeare so as they not onely had neede of victuals but of all other prouisions and munitions for warre Wherevpon the Groningeois both gentlemen and Bourgesses assembled vppon the place before the Counsell house to aduise of that which should be most expedient for them to doe for the auoyding of the totall ruine of their Towne and that they might not bee â—…orced to yeelde vnto the mercie of the Germaines In the ende it was resolued to call Vytt van Draecksdorâ—… one of the chiefe commanders of the duke of Saxonyes armie next vnto the Farle of Emden and to capitulate alone with him of their redition hoping that in offering him that honour seeing that hee had the chiefe command ouer the Saxons and Germaines they should haue the better composition But as this was thus decreâ—…d and that they were ready to send their deputies to him to Auwert Behold there came into the towne a Bourgeois and his wife whilest the inhabitants were yet together so villanosly entreated and dissigured as all men had horrour to behold them for beeing prisoners and hauing no meanes to pay the raâ—…some which they demanded Collonell Vytt caused their noses and eares to be cut off sending them back thus dissigured to the Towne who by their â—…ryes and lamentations did moue all the cittizens to pittie and furie against Vytt and all the Germaines resoluing to set fire on the Towne and consume it to ashes rather then to veeld to such tyrants and so they entertained themselues in their pouertie for a while But hearing afterwards of the dislike that was betwixt the Earle of Emden Collonel Vytt theâ—… writ secretly vnto the Earle to know his minde If he would not receiue them vndâ—…r his hereditary protection as wel for him as for his successors These Letters did wonderfully please the Earle who sent the Messenger backe with an answere as pleasing to them of the Towne which was That they should send their Deputies with full power and ample commission to treat with him The which they did
his speech Frederic duke of Saxony spake next who hauing shewed that the French King was excluded by the lawe and that Charles was a Germaine Prince hauing liued in Germany and spake the language hee concluded that the common-weale had neede of a mightie Prince and that he knewe not any comparable to Charles Therefore it was most conuenient to choose him Emperour but with certaine lawes and conditions so as Germany might remaine at libertie and that they might anoyde those dangers which the two Archbships sayd were to be feared After that the rest had approued his speech the Archbishoppe of Treues sayd I fore-see the destinie of Germanie an alteration at hand yet seeing it pleaseth you I must yeeld vnto your willes And for that it was then late they retired themselues Pope Leo the tenth was much troubled and in a worde feared the election of one of these two Princes for both were alike suspect vnto him To the ende that hee might preuent both of them hee labored to haue a third man chosen Wherein hee sought to imbarke the French King putting him in dispaire euer to attaine vnto it himselfe But hee feared also this third seeing no man so apparent and likelie as Frederic duke of Saxony a fauorer of Martin Luther who was his mortall enemie yet all these deuises and practises turned to smoke and so did all the solicitings guiftes presents and promises made by the French King the election of Charles remayning firme and constant The next day after the sayd election the Princes Electors beeing assembled they beganne to treat of the conditions they should giue and prescribe vnto Charles the which was debated some daies togither and in the ende all beeing concluded they sent the lawes and conditions in writing to Charles his Ambassadors remayning at Mentz After they had receiued them they put in writing the voices of euery Elector according to the custome with his hand and seale The day before the sayd Election they had presented the Empire to Frederic duke of Saxony but hee refuzed it with a Noble resolution excusing himselfe vpon his age hauing as wee haue sayd alreadie giuen his voice vnto Charles This done the Noblemen were called and admitted in then the Bishop of Mentz going vp into the pulpit in Saint Bartlemewes Church declared that Charles the fift of that name Archduke of Austria duke of Bourgongue c. Earle of Flanders Holland Zeeland c. and King of Spaine was chosen King of Romains in the place of the Emperor Maximilian deceased Then the Ambassadors which were come within a league were sent for Beeing come a councell was held for the gouernment of the common-weale and the charge was giuen vnto Prince Casimir to leauie men and to put them in garrison for feare of some Innouation The Electors did write vnto Prince Charles and sent an Ambassage vnto him to certifie him of all that had beene done the chiefe of which Ambassage was the Pallatin Frederic who arriued in Spaine in the end of Nouember with Letters intreating him to accept of the Empire which they offred him and that hee would make hast to come into Germanie King Charles hauing setled his affaires in Spaine hee gathered together a great fleete of ships and gallyes and taking leaue of his Princes and Citties hee imbarked and landed in England where hee was ioyfully entertained with great state by King Henry the eight and by the Queene his Aunte and by the French Queene married to the Duke of Suffolke the Kings sister who had beene promised to him in marriage she gaue him a very kinde and louely welcome Hee was very honourably intreated there for some dayes then being imbarked againe with a prosperous winde he past soone ouer to Flessinghe and from thence into Brabant where he was ioyfully receiued by all his subiects The Princes Electors hearing that hee was arriued in Brabant they sent other Ambassadors vnto him to haue him prepare to receiue the Crowne of the Empire with the accustomed ceremonies MARGVERITE OF AVSTRIA PRINcesse widow of Castille Dowager of Sauoy Aunte to the Emperour Charles the 5. Gouernesse of the Netherlands MARGARITA AVSTRIACA DVCISSA SABAV GVB BELGICAE From Daughter to an Archduke I became An Emperors Daughter to King Lewis sonne I first was promised with pompe and Fame But my place in his bed another won The Prince of Arragon was my first Pheere But being left a widdow I did wed For second Duke of Sauoy he being dead I from my Nephew did the gouernment beare THe Lady Marguerite of Austria daughter to the Emperour Maximilian and to the Lady Mary of Bourgongne was first married to the Prince Don Fernando of Arragon the onely sonne of Don Fernando King of Arragon and of Isabella Queene of Castile which Prince died soone after leauing no children Afterwards the said Lady was married againe to the Duke of Sauoy with whom she liued not long before he dyed Returning into the Netherlands after the death of her brother Philip King of Castile in the yeare 1508. she was by prouision admitted by the Emperor her father during his absence in Germanie and the warres in Italy to the gouernment of the Netherlands with George Duke of Saxony So as this yeare 1520. King Charles her Nephew went into Germanie to receiue the Crowne of the Empire leauing the said Lady his Aunte Gouernesse in his absence The Emperor elect parted from Brussells with a great and honorable traine came the 20. of October to Cologne where the Princes Electors did attend him and from thence they came to Aix la Chapelle At his entry into the towne the Knights of the order of the Golden-fleece marched first euery one in his ranck according to his antiquitie in the said order After followed the Princes Electors first the King of Bohemias Ambassador the Archibishop of Ments either of them with 700. horse The Archbishops of Cologne and Treues either of them with 600. horse the Cont Pallatin of Rhine the Duke of Saxony and the Marquis of Brandebourg euery one of them with 600. horse There were besides other great Princes which followed to do him honour and homage for their Seigniories being accompanied with many Nobles and great traines As the Duke of Iulliers George Duke of Saxony the Marquis of Baden the Dukes Henry and Erick of Brunswick brethren euery one of them with 600. horse the Bishop of Leege the Duke of Lunebourg father to the Duchesse of Geldre the Earle of Emden and his sonne the Lord of East-Friseland the young Prince of Cleues who was alwaies with the Emperor the Earle of Saint Pol and many others with a stately traine Then the Ambassadors of the Kings of England Poland Hongarie and Denmarke of the Venetians the Dukes of Sauoy of the Knights of Rhodes and of the great Maister of Prussia The Lady Marguerit his Aunte was in the traine with a goodly company of Princesses Countesses Ladies and Gentlewomen euery
was also inuited both by the King and the Queene his Ante of whom he was honourably receiued with great shewes of loue At his returne from this voyage into Holland this poore Prince I know not by what vnknowne accident was distempered of his sences and vnderstanding so as being very big and strong of all his members he slue Gerard of Wateringhen a Knight with one blow with his fist so as they were forced to shut him vp and to set good garde vpon him where he was keâ—…t for the space of nineteene yeares vntill he dyed Hauing before his distemperature gouerned his countries of Holland Zeeland and Friseland seauen yeares and Henault two Foure yeares after him dyed also the Lady Mathilda his wife who lyes interred in the Abbay of Rhynsbourg by Leyden ALBERT OF BAVARIA 26. EARLE of Holland and Zeeland Lord of Friseland and Palatin of Henault Adelbertus Bauariae I had two wiues both which one name did beare The one a Polonois the other was Marguerite of Cleues the Frisons stood in feare Of my strong hand that did their strength surpasse And oft subdu'd their proud rebellions Delfe taken by me I demantled it At t'Hage iâ—… Holland I appointed Chanons Good men I choosd and for their places sit Hage Castle in the Chappell now containes My body freed from all his eâ—…thly paines DVke William of Bauaria Earle of Holland Zeeland and Henault Lord of Friseland being as we haue said distracted of his sences put into safe keeping the faction of the Hoecks Cabillaux reuiued for the Cabillautins would haue the lady Mathilda wife to the said Cont William to be gouernesse of the said Countries but for that the said lady had no children the Hoeketins did choose Albert of Bauaria Palatin of Rhine siegneor of Nubingen brother to the said Cont William The Nobles of the Contie of Henault consented for their parts to this election and sent a notable Ambassage vnto him into Bauaria beseeching him that hee would take vpon him in his brothers place who was distempered in his braine the gouernment of the said countries Albert vnderstanding the iust request of the Estates by their Ambassador went well accompanied with many Barons Knights and Gentlemen going downe by the riuer of Rhine into Holland where he was honorably receiued of both parties as well Cabellaux as Hoekes and acknowledged as Tutor to the Earle his brother and gouernor of his countries and siegneories Then it was agreed that he should pay yeerely vnto the Countesse Mathilda his sister in lawe the summe of twelue thousand French crownes and no more by meanes of which accord both parties were content and continued good friends but not long This Prince Albert of Bauaria had receiued the order of Knight-hood before making warre in the country of Granado against the Moores and Sarazens At the first hee was married vnto Marguerit daughter to the Duke of Briga in Polonia by whom hee had three sonnes and foure daughters the eldest was called William Earle of Osteruant who was borne in the yeare 1365. the second named Albert siegnior of Nubingen who dyed yong the third was Iohn chosen bishop of Liege borne in the yeare 1374. The eldest daughter Katherine was first married to Edward Duke of Gelders and Earle of Zutphen after whose decease being yet a virgin she married with Duke William of Iuilliers and of Geldres but she had not any children The other daughter named Ioane had to husband Venceslaus King of Romaines and of Bohemia sonne to the Emperor Charles the 4. who also had not any children Marguerite the 3. daughter married with Iohn Duke of Bourgongne Earle of Flanders and Arthois sonne to Duke Phillip the hardie by whom shee had Phillip Duke of Bourgongne called the good and afterwards Duke of Brabant Lembourg and Luxembourg Earle of Flanders Arthois Henault Bourgongne Holland Zeeland and Namur Lord of Friseland and foure daughters the first Iolente Countesse of Poitiers the second Anne Countesse of Bedford the third Agnes Duchesse of Bourbon and the fourth Ioane wife to Duke Albert of Austria by whom shee had one sonne called Albert who married the daughter of Sigismond King of Hongarie who afterwards was Emperor of the Romaines after whose decease this Duke Albert did inherit all these realmes in the right of his wife and was afterwards chosen Emperor but he raigned not long for hee died in the flower of his age his wife was brought in bed soone after his death of a sonne named Lancelot who dyed at two and twenty yeares of age leauing no children This Albert had one cousin germaine sonne to his fathers brother named Frederick who afterwards was also Emperor the third of that name and had to wife the daughter of the King of Portugall by whom hee had Maximilian Archduke of Austria who was also Emperor the first of that name who had to wife Mary the daughter and sole heire of Charles the Warlick Duke of Bourgongne who was slaine before Nancie by whom he had one sonne named Philip and a daughter named Marguerite Philip married with Ioane daughter to Ferdinand King of Arragon and to Elizabeth Queene of Castille Marguerite was married to Iohn Prince of Castille and of Arragon who dyed yong and after married againe to the Duke of Sauoy Philip had by the said Lady Ioane his wife two sonnes Charles the â—…ift and Ferdinand both Emperors and foure daughters Elenor Ioane Mary and Elizabeth The Emperor Charles the sift had one onely sonne Philip king of Spaine Lord of the Low-countries father to King Phillip the third now raigning Behold in briefe the genealogie of the Kings of Spaine and of foure or fiue Emperors issued from the houses of Holland Bourgongne and Austria As for the second wife of Duke Albert of Bauaria Earle of Holland of whom wee now intreate wee will speake of her hereafter The said Cont Albert displaced Iohn of Blauwestein from the Baylewike of Kermerlandt inuesting Renald the eldest sonne to the Lord of Brederode in his place the which those of the faction of the Cabillautins tooke in very ill part and laide ambushes neere vnto the village of Castrichom to kill him when hee should passe that way One day this yong Nobleman doubting no harme riding towards Castrichom he incountred them that lay in ambush for him but hauing discouered them a good way of he saued himselfe by flight they pursued him and slew three of his seruants Those of the village of Castrichom seeing it went to armes to defend their new Bayliffe so as they were forced to retire Some of them saued themselues in the Castell of Walter of Hemskerke the rest fled to Delf where they were receiued for that the said towne was of the Cabillautins faction Cont Albert hearing of these newes did presently leuie some troupes and marched towards Kermerlandt where he besieged the Castell of Hemskerke for that Walter who was Lord thereof had receiued
yeare 1503. died that vertuous Princesse the Ladie Maguerite of Yorke duchesse Douager of Bourgongne who was buried at the Franciscan friars in Macklyn shee was wonderfully lamented of the poore for her great almes deedes and of all good and vertuous men for she was a wise and vertuous Princesse and had pacefied many quarrells shee was sister to Edward the forth King of England The yeare 1502. and 1503. were spent without any warre in the Neitherlands at the least that was memorable by reason of the peace which was betwixt the said countries and the French of the truce betwixt Gronninghen and the Duke of Saxony and that the Frisons without seeking any quarrels after their accustomed manner had worke enough to repaire their Sea walles and bankes which the last violent tempests had broken and carried away In the same yeare 1503 the Lady Marguerite of Austria sister to the Arch-duke Philip widow to prince Don Fernando of Castile married againe to Philibert the 8. duke of Sauoy a valiant vertuous Prince full of such manly beautie as he was called Philibert the faire he was also amiable and courteous to all men he succeeded to his father Philip in the said Dutchie and Principalitie of Piedmont in the yeare 1495. After that he had done many things worthy of memorie he dyed leauing no issue of his body therefore Charles his brother succeeded him The Lady Marguerite his widow in testymonie of the loue she bore him although shee were yong would neuer marrie againe but continued the rest of her life a widow was afterwards Gouernesse of the Low-countreys for Prince Charles sonne to the Arch-duke Philip of Austria King of Castile in the right of his wife and her Nephew In the moneth of May 1504. the Lady Iane of Castile Arch-dutchesse of Austria returned out of Spaine and came to the Arch-duke her husband who receiued her with great ioy Then the Archduke according vnto that which hee had promised the Emperor his father being in Germanie prepared to make hot warres against the duke of Gelders to whom he sent a Herald to sommon him to yeeld him vp his Duthchie of Gelders and Countie of Zutphen else he did defie him and all his subiects and allyes and denounced warre against them with fire and sword He made also a Proclamation throughout all his Prouinces inhibitting all men to carrie any victuals or munition of warre into the countries of Gelders Zutphen and Ouerissell and he sent some shippes of warre into Zuyderzee vnder the command of an Admirall who should gard those seas that nothing might enter into the Riuer of Yssell of Ee and other channels nor into the Hauens of Harderwyck and Elburch then he sent all his armie to Boisle-duke where hee was intreated by his Noble-men and the Commanders of the armie not to goe himselfe to field in person and therefore hee gaue charge to the Lord of Vergy a Bourguignon to Cornellis of Berghen lord of Seuenberghen and to Floris of Iselsteyn to march with the whole armie into the countrey of Gelders where at the first they besieged the castle of Hameiden the which they tooke from thence they went before Midele where the Bastard of Gelders was the which after batterie and an assault giuen was yeelded by accord hee himselfe remaining prisoner and was sent into Brabant Then they tooke the castell of Trecele and spoiled the Champion contrie but winter approching they retyred againe to Bosleduke The Geldrois on the other side lay not idle making many roades into Barbant and into other neere places belonging to the enemie from whence they also carryed great spoile In the same month duke George of Saxony made his first entrie into the countrey of Frise-land hee arriued first at Harlingen from thence hee came to Franiker to the castle of Syardama where he caused all the States of Friseland to bee assembled to whom there were certaine Articles propounded on the Dukes behalfe the which he would haue entertained and kept by them One among the rest was That all Noble-men or Gentlemen that had held any Siegneories or other fees should come and take them vp of him as of their Soueraigne and absolute Prince Whereunto the States would by no meanes yeeld seeming vnto them neither iust nor reasonable to subiect themselues vnto a thing whereof God and nature had made them in all ages free to make themselues slaues and to subiect them and their children for euer The duke beeing fully instructed of the reasons of their deniall fearing some greater inconuenience gaue ouer that point vpon condition that they should pay him yearely the 21. penny of all their goods rentes and reuenues inioying all the surplusage quietly without any further demaundes and neuer to impose any further charges heerafter vppon them The which was granted by a generall consent of all the Nobles and townes This Accord thus made and agreed vpon hee also called together all the Clergie of the sayd Contrie to the towne of Franiker to whome hee made the like demande of the 21. pennâ—…e But as there was great disputing about it the assembly brake vp and would not yeelde to any thing Yet the. 7. of Iuly they were sent for againe wher after mâ—…ch coâ—…ention in the end they yeelded vpon condition that it should bee paied by Chaptâ—…rs and Prebends where-vnto the goods which they held in propriety or by 〈◊〉 should not be bound Euer since that Duke Albert tooke first possession of the 〈◊〉 of Friseland vnto the yeare 1505. the contry had bin allwayes gouerned by Licutenants vnder the authority of the Dukes of Saxony but this yeare Duke George câ—…itted six worthy men both in wealth wisdome and experience to the gouernment of affaiers three Germains William Truâ—…xes and Syurdt Lutsing Knights with hâ—… Chancellor doctor of the lawes the three other were Frisons Bucho Pastor of Wyrdom Heâ—…el Martuâ—… and Francis Minnama ouer whome Truâ—…xes was superintendent to whom the duke hauing giuen their comissions instructions how they should gouerne theÌ„selues after that he had setled the court or Parlament of Frieseland at Leeuwarden and built the Chanceâ—…y before the Cittadel the which he did furnish as he did al other forts of the contry with good garisons and sufficientmunition he parted out of Friseland and went to Emden where before that he returned into his country of Misnia he made Edsard Earle of East Friseland his Lieutenant and captaine General of his armie when hee should begin warre against them of Groningen which done hee retired At that time the warre was very violent betwxt the Bourguignons and Geldrois wasting and spoiling one an other both by Sea and Land at which time the Emperour Maximilian sent the Earle of Anholt with a 1000. foote and 500. horse to succor the Archduke Phillip his sonne against the Geldrois who went to lodge in a clâ—…ister of regular monks neere vnto Bomell the which hee fortified from whence he
made betweene the Duke of Aniou and the States their power hauing so great an army and mony like wise to maintaine the same saying that he might depart with honor when as his departure should be procured by the Mediation and intercession of the Emperor the King of France and the Queene of England which dying they said hee might assure the Netherlands vnto their naturall Prince and by that meanes procure the maintenance and furtherance of the Romish Catholiks religion touching the said articles the Ambassadors had many conferences and meetings betweene them the estates and Don Iohn speaking with Don Iohn him-selfe at Lovuain and there abouts but it was al in vaine for that Don Iohn would haue the states to giue ouer their armes to send the Prince of Orange into Holland and then he said he would harken to a peace yet telling them plainely that hee would permit no new religion and many things else and yet hee made a shew as that in regard of the miseries of the country hee would haue consented to a truce for a time that so hee might deale further about the conditions of peace propounded but this was done onely to winne time and in the meane while to gather more forces and to make the States weary but the States there affaires not permitting it would not harken to it Don Iohn likewise for his part hauing gotten more soldiars and being aduertised that the States men wanted pay at the last he made answeare to the Ambassadors that the King of Spaine had referred the whole dealing for the peace vnto the States only to whome full power and authority should bee giuen for the same being indeed some-what iealous of France and England and to that end hee shewed them lettters so thanking them for their paines hee tooke his leaue and departed and by that meanes that treatie of peace proued frutelesse The generall estates thinking verely that they had well secured and assured the Catholike Romish Religion by the new publication of the pacification at Gaunt found it to auaile them little for that they were forced neuer-the-lesse to satisfie and content the mindes of the peolpe in euery place thereby to maintaine the warres and that they had need of such soldiers as they might trust which they esteemed to be Hollanders and those of the religion and therefore in euery place they put such as were of the religion into offices within the townes as knowing them thereby to bee bound not onely for the loue and good will they bare vnto their natiue country but also in regard of the religion to bee faithfull trusty and true obseruing that it was not onely the meanes for them to defend their bodies liues goods wiues and children but chiefly for the honor of GOD as they were perswaded whereby many being of the reformed religion and aduanced to offices in diuers places of the Netherlands were forced by all the meanes they could to further the said religion although some through simple zeale dealt vnaduisedly therein From these and the like causes it fell out that they of the reformed religion imbouldned them-selues to present a request vnto the Arch duke Mathias and the generall estates bearing date the twenty two of Iune therein shewing that they desired to liue according to the reformed religion and that they had separated them-selues from the Romish Church for many causes as it appeared by diuers bookes put in Print containing the summe and contents of their faith which many had sealed with their bloods and that the more it had beene persecuted the more it had spred abroad and increased as it appeared by the tiranie of the Duke of Alua that had put eight-teene or nine-teene thousand persons to death by the hand of the executioner after whome followed Don Loys de Requesens the great Commaunder of Castile who also had driuen an innumerable number of good men out of the Netherlands and caused all traficke and good handycrafts wherein the chiefe riches of the land consisted to be caried into strange and forrene countries by which meanes the warres began shewing the Spaniards practises and desseignes and their reddinesse and willingnesse to defend their natiue country and that yet neuer-the-lesse they feared that they should bee once againe put to the slaughter after that the countrie should haue made vse of them and by expence and losse of their liues and goods gotten the victory which must of necessity procure great vnwillingnesse from whence many difficulties were to bee expected by nise vsing liberty amonst the Burgers and the townes men which difficulties and inconueniences by meanes of the free permission of the reformed Religion would be let and hindered where-as to the contrary the refusing and deniall thereof would bee the originall of all euill intents and of such enterprises which neither the Protestants would like of nor they them-selues bee well pleased withall They likewise showed that they were content to put in securitie to them of the Romish religion that they desired not to roote them out nor yet to take their goods from them nor to doe any thing that should bee contrary to the duties of good Townes-men and fellow Burgers but alwayes to bee ready for the common cause to defend and maintaine their natiue countrey whereby all discord beeing layd away a perfect peace might bee established They likewise hoped that touching the reformed religion some order would before that time haue beene taken by the generall estates which by many hinderances had beene put off and chiefly by the meanes and practises of the enemy or else by some that hoped the enemy being ouercome once againe to roast the Protestants at a fire and therefore they desired that no credit might bee giuen vnto such men as reiected the pacification of Gant thinking that two religions could not bee maintayned in one kingdome and that there could bee no securitie giuen to the spirituall persons saying further that the enemy had manifestly broken the pacification of Gant and that for as much as it concerned the land they might by common consent breake mitigate expound and declare the same for the good of their natiue countrey thereby to resist and with-stand the secret practises of the enemy yet they desired that it might not bee broken but that rather according to the contents thereof the point concerning the free exercise of their religion might bee discided by the generall estates Shewing further by their request that two religions might well bee indured in one countrey by examples of the first Christians and their Emperors and after that in our times permitted by foure Emperors and by the Kings of France Poland the great Turke and the King of Morocus and others yea and by the Pope himselfe that permitted the Iewes to haue their Synaguogues And touching the securitie for spirituall persons they desired that the States would set downe an order for the same and that they were ready according to their
went towards Leyden 210. they sue for mercy ibid. Koppel yeelded to the Estates 808 Koestein seeking to poison the Earle of Charolois is beheaded 150 Knotsenbourg a fort right against Nymegen 1036. besieged by the Duke of Parma in vaine 1049 L LAmoral Earle of Egmont sent into Spaine and to what end 351 hee seekes to pacefie the troubles in Flanders 400. his blindnesse 434. hee is put in prison by the Duke of Alua. 437. and executed 451 Laten Gouernor of Middelborge slaine 512 Leerdam taken by the Spaniard 573 Leyden besieged by the Spaniard 541. the resolution of the besieged 560. a braue answere of the besieged 565 a courragious speech of a Bourguemaster 567. succors frō God not expected their full deliuery 570. a generall collection for the poore of the towne 572 Leyden surprised by the Hoekins 195. besieged by the Lord of Montigny the Gouernor ibid. Lembourg besieged and yeelded to Don Iohn 659 Lens in Arthois surprised and spoyled by the Duke of Anious men 801 Letters from the Nobilitie of the Netherlands to the King of Spaine touching the troubles the Kings answere and their reply 348. from the King to the Netherlands otherwise then they expected 351. from the Prince of Orange to the Dutchesse of Parma 353. her answere 354. from the Dutchesse of Parma to the townes of the Netherlands 398. from her to the confederate Noblemen 405. from the King of Spaine to the P. of Orange 412. from Francisco De Alana to the Dutchesse of Parma 413. From the Earle of Horne to the King of Spaine 346. From the Prince of Orange to the generall Estates 601. From the Estates of Brabant to the other Prouinces against the Spaniard 561 from the Estates of Lille Douay and Orchies to the generall Estates 690. from the Prince of Orange to Cont Iohn his brother 840 from Saint Aldegonde to the signeurie of Metkerke touching a peace 897. from the Queene of England to the Duke of Parma and to the Estates 923 from Waremond Stochelen touching the betraying of Deuenter 945 from the Estates to the Queene of England 952. of Donation of the Netherlands to the Infanta of Spaine 1160 of the King of Spaines intercepted 1172. from Prince Maurice to the Circles 1184. From the Emperour to Cardinall Andrew of Austria 1193. and to the vnited Estates ibid. Letters from the Duke of Aniou to them of Antwerp 816 Leoninus speech to the generall Estates for the Earle of Leicester 959 Liegeois chase way their bishoppe brother to the Earle of Holland and are defeated in battaile 121. they take armes against the Duke of Bourgongne 156. they sue for peace and obtaine it 157. they helpe the Spaniards at the siege of Mastricht 707 Liege taken and miserably burnt by Charles Duke of Bourgongne 167 Leire in Brabant assured for the Estates 645 deliuered by treason to the Spaniard 805. taken by the Estates and presently lost againe 1111 Lillo besieged by the Spaniard raiseth his siege with shame 850 Liefkens Hoeck and Doel taken by the Estates 876 Linghen besieged and taken by Prince Maurice 1134 besieged and taken againe by the Marquis Spinola 1348 Lochum besieged by the Spaniard 808. the Campe riseth ibid. Lord of Berghen slaine in the Duke of Brabants chamber 135 Lord of Brederode defeated and taken prisoner 141 Lord of Arckel taken prisoner 123 Louvaine yeelded to Don Iohn 654 Lewis Duke of Bauaria husband to Marguerite of Holland Emperor 97 Lewis de Requesens great Commander of Castille succeedes the Duke of Alua in the gouernment of the Netherlands 539. his armie at sea defeated 544. three seuerall designes at one instant 551. hauing propounded vnreasonable conditions of peace hee resolues to warre 583 his death ibid. Lord of Froment forsakes don Ihon. 646 Lembourg besieged and taken by the Prince of Parma 660 Loopers of Ostend 1299 Lewis de Valasco beaten from his fort by Dam with losse of men 1309 Losse in the Archdukes armie before Ostend 1318 Lodowicke Earle of Nassau dies in Sluis 1318 M MAgistrates and Bourge◅s in Harlem agree togither 498 Marguerite Empresse Countesse of Holland 97. in warre against her sonne and ouercomes him 99. is defeated by her sonne 100. her death ibid. Mary Dutchesse of Bourgongne Countesse of Holland 181 restrained by the Ganthois 187. their insolencies towards her shee marries with Maximilian of Austria 191. her death and her Children 197 Maximilian of Austria marries the Princesse of Bourgongne 191 hee comes into Holland to pacefie the factions 194 he carries himselfe as tutor of his wiues Children after her death 197. is created King of Romaines 201 comes into Holland 207. succeedes in the Empire 212 Macklin surprised by the Estates 742. yeelded to the Spaniard 882 Malcontents and their beginning in the Netherlands 664. their coloured reasons to fall from the Estates 688 Marriage of Cont William of Nassau 980 Mathias Archduke of Austria called to the Gouernment of the Netherlands 657. resignes his Gouernment 749. his departure out of the Netherlands 789 Mastricht besieged 703. the Estates make a shew to releeue it 704. the Spaniard takes it by assault 708 Martin Schenck a Collonel followes the States partie 878. hee makes a road into the Diocese of Cologne 917. builds the Fort of Sgrauen-weert 951. surpriseth Bonne 983. goes to an Imperiall Dyet 990. victualeth Berke 1020. his vnfortunate enterprise vpon Nymeghen and his death 1021 Marguerite of Austria bastard to the Emperors Charles the fift Gouernesse of the Netherlands 335 Marshall Biron disswades the Duke of Aniou from the enterprise of Antwerp 812. hee retires with the Dukes troupes into France 829 Mary Millet reuengeth her selfe of captaine Pont who had forst her she kills him and is murthered 661 Macklin summoned by the Estates will stand neuter 715 Marquis of Warenbon prisoner to the French 1123. defeated by the Estates 1024 Marquis Spinola comes to releeue Sluis 1313. his men ranne from him 1314. hee offers to force the Princes trenches ibid. hee retiers not able to releeue it ibid. hee seekes to enter into Cadsandt and is repulst 1315. Marquis of Roubay slaine at the Stocadoe before Antwerp 875 Maurice of Nassau borne Prince of Orange Marquis of Camphere succeeds his father in the Gouernment of Holland 859. makes a roade into Brabant to drawe the Spaniard from Sluis 959. comes into Zeeland and writes to the Queene of England 992. enters into the Gouernment after the Earle of Liecester 1026. pursues Uerdugoes troupes 1061. his care to succor Hulst 1117. attends to fight with the Admirall of Arragon 1187. intrencheth himselfe at Harwarden 1213. prepares for the warres in Flanders 1240. Landes with his armie at Philippine 1241. besieged Nieuport 1243 Maurice intrencheth himselfe at Watervlyet 1346. Maurice of Nassau prepares to besiege Sluis 1305. hee camped before it 1309 Menin a towne in Flanders taken by the Malcontents 664. recouered by the Estates 716. abandoned to the Spaniard by them of Bruges 831 Megen surprised by them of Bommel 503. wonne by