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A33864 A collection of select discourses out of the most eminent wits of France and Italy Sarasin, Jean-François, 1614-1654. Conspiration de Walstein. English.; Voiture, Monsieur de (Vincent), 1597-1648. Histoire d'Alcidalis et de Zelide. English.; Mascardi, Agostino, 1591-1640. Congiura del conte Gio. Luigi de Fiéschi. English.; Pellisson-Fontanier, Paul, 1624-1693. Discours sur les oeuvres de M. Sarasin. English. 1678 (1678) Wing C5191; ESTC R13475 160,025 256

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compos'd yet whoever shall read their Works will find in them a mighty difference and shall not know wherein it consists Now this difference arises from that particularity which issues from the proper Genius of each of them so working that though Character in the kind and the precept be the same yet it is not the same in the use so that from the Character in conjunction with the individual particularity springing from the use of Thucidides genius or wit results the Style of Thucidides and from the same Character in the application of it and individual use of Demosthenes results the Style of Demosthenes 'T is on all hands confess'd that Arguments may be drawn from the Writing if not infallible and necessary at least probable and well grounded of the affections and manners of the Writer But this guess cannot be founded in the Character for 't would be insufferable fascity to infer uniformity of passions and manners in those that compose in an uniform Character therefore the illation depends upon some other principle more individual and intrinsick Virgil and Lucan for what concerns Character must both be ranked with the Sublime Now he that in the Works of Lucan traces the manners of the Writer will esteem him conrumacious proud impatient of Order and Laws of tumultuous thoughts precipitous resolutions agitated rather by fury than by sober Counsels worthy in fine to be numbred amongst those that conspir'd against Nero. On the contrary Virgil will appear always noble and honourable of pleasing behaviour of a generous but temperate mind an Enemy of all Indignity tenacious of Decorum bashful but manly Now if this diversity hath no foundation in the Character which is the same in both it must have it in that particular manner in the application and use of the Character which is individual to every one as the Wit which produces it is individual and makes the difference of Lucans and Virgils Style I will add one Consideration which if I am not deceiv'd serves efficaciously to display the Opinion I intend to establish In the short space of humane face by an unconceivable miracle of Nature the same parts concur in every one and in all they are disposed in the same order placed with correspondent and uniform distance and yet in this likeness of parts an entire dissimilitude of Faces appears Further let us imagine a thousand Faces equally beautiful in proportion and symmetry of parts and well temper'd colour yet for all that each of them shall have its proper air which shall be enough to distinguish it from all the rest Whence we say this hath a gentle air this a noble mein 'T is certain the Air does not consist in the parts so order'd and dispos'd nor in the Colour temper'd and compos'd after a certain manner for both one and the other are common to all of them yea it oftentimes happens that a Face which is not fair according to the proprieties appertaining to perfect Beauty is for all that of a better air and more amiable than one entirely Beautiful So that what we vulgarly call the Air of the Face is a proper and individual quality of each one arising from the particular Complexion by which it is rendred different from others in common with which it hath the same measure and order of Parts and mixture of Colours And this perhaps though understood by all men we know not how to define or express This Air of the Face answers to Style as the Parts and Colour correspond with Character and is perhaps what the Masters of the Art often name Orationis Color and we may style the Air of a Composition But it may be another similitude drawn from Art will better express our intentions and 't is taken out of Cicero Four things are necessarily requir'd to render a Painter excellent in his Art Design Colour Composition and Custome though for Custome 't is known of few and observ'd by fewer and if a Painter fail in any of these parts he cannot be term'd excellent Raphael Titian and Corregio possess'd them all in a supream degree and at this day eminently Giuseppino c. Wherefore in the mouths of those that understand they pass for Painters of the first Classis and such as fortunately contend with the Ancients 'T is certain for all this that amongst themselves they vastly differ Nor can this difference have its original in those things which have an invariable and common Rule for they have all a regular design proportionate colour though not uniform every one of them preserves an orderly Composition without confusion and all of them study as they may livelily to express Custome and yet those who understand the excellency of the Art find out a particularity in their Pieces by virtue of which they know how to pronounce this Picture is Giuseppino's this Guido's c. And to this particularity by men of the Skill is given the title of Manner or Way whence they say the Manner of Raphael and the Manner of Titian To the Manner of Painters we may compare the Style of Writers and say as properly this is the Style of Salust in Catelines Conspiracy as this is the Manner of Raphael speaking of a Picture From all that hath been said we may draw these Corollaries First that Style is a particular and individual manner of Discoursing or Writing arising from the particular Genius of each Writer in the application and use of the Characters of Discourse Secondly Comparing Character with Style this holds of Nature and Genius that regards Art and Study And by consequence this multiplies and varies according to the number and quality of the Genius's that remains always divided into three Members as before we have declared Thirdly To ask any one in what Style he writes is foolish because he cannot compose in any other Style than his own dictated by his Genius except that through imitation he may study to express with some likeness the Style of another so that to render the question proper we ought to say In what Character does he write when we do not mean Imitation Fourthly We may say this is the Style of Thucidides and Salust but we cannot say this is their Character for 't is a thing common to all and not proper to any one as Style is The History of ALCIDALIS and ZELIDE Written in French by Mr. Voiture Dedicated to Madamoiselle de Rambouillet who invented the Subject of it unfinish'd Les plus belles choses du monde sont imparfaites WHen Spain was divided not only amongst many Kings but amongst many Nations and that the Gothes Moors and Spaniards held each a part of it Aragon was under the power of one King who amidst the Wars wherewith his Neighbours were busied had always maintain'd his Subjects in Peace and who had nothing remarkable but his being Father to him whose History we write His Wife when she had given him a Son left him a Widower much about the
pick out Greek Examples because we must confess that this Nation knew and esteem'd Love better than any other but yet I know not any which has not had its brave Lovers or where Valour does not owe much to Love To this purpose I remember that amongst other Romances which were brought me once from Spain one of the Songs began Muy rebuelto anda Jaen this Romance speaks of a sally the Christians made upon the Moors the Christians might be twelve or fifteen hundred all Gentlemen of Honour and Lovers in earnest these are the words of the Song or rather of the History for these Songs serv'd then for Chronicles Now the Poet forgetting Religion and Countrey for which the most fearful become valiant attributes the Victory the Spaniards got only to Love They sallied out says he when they had first solemnly sworn upon their Mistresses hands not to return to Jaen without a Captive Moor and those who had Mistresses exceeding fair engag'd for four Prisoners If from these general Actions we should pass to particular ones we might judge that Plato had good reason to call Love the General undertaker and that he believed Love gave Courage seeing the only recompence he appoints for the Conquerours after a fight is the pleasure of choosing amongst the fairest persons her he best likes and to kiss her In this your Perceforests hath imitated him and the prize in one of his famons Tournaments is to kiss the fairest Woman in Great Britain Now these Tournaments which during the time of Peace were little Images of War never had other object but the Love of Ladies and as they past into Europe with the Moors so among the Moors 't was Love invented them I will end this after I have let you know that Ferdinand and Isabel could not conquer the Kingdom of Granada till the King Chico had banish'd the Abencerages that is to say Love the Knights of this Race being the greatest Courtiers and the most amorous of all the Africans Yea Fame had rais'd them to such a high esteem for gallantry that 't was said never any Abencerage had serv'd Lady of Granada without being favour'd by her and that never Lady was thought worthy of the Name if she had not an Abencerage to be her Servant Thus much is said by the Moor Abinderass in the Diana of Montmajor where the History of this Lover seems to me so lively handled that if it were separate from the body of the Romance what Greece hath best in this kind would have no other advantage over this small Adventure than that of Antiquity And now having seen Love cover'd in the arms of Mars valiant and victorious let us place him in a condition a little more tranquill in calms and peace Zeno the Stoick teacheth us that in this estate he hath care of things which concern the welfare of the Common-wealth and that he is the god of Liberty Friendship and Concord And we read in Atheneus that he was much honoured in the Alliances of Nations After this if we consider the good manners of a City the Athenians the most polish'd men in the World will shew us in the Academy dedicated to Minerva the Statue of Love with that of this goddess If we seek Opinions more regular than the Common one and will not be satisfied but with those of Philosophers Atheneus will inform us that in the place where they did their Exercises was rais'd the Statues of Mercury Hercules and Cupid to shew that Eloquence and Strength are unprofitable unless Love guides them If we have a mind to pass a little amidst honest divertisments Euripides will tell us that 't is Love which hath bestow'd Verse and Musick upon us And an Italian will confirm you in this opinion Amor primo truovò le rime e versi E suoni e canti e ogni melodia But not to do all by Authority but after these convincing Testimonies to give some place to Reason I ask of you if it be not true that Man being an animal born to live in Society amidst this great diversity of humors which we behold the most accommodating are the best You will grant me this without doubt but this Complacency is nothing else but a design to please and that we have not this design without some object I do not suspect you will deny me In the mean time usually Young people do not take up this design to please but in order to render themselves agreeable to Women that they may return them their Love for that neither Ambition nor Avarice can carry them to this I believe you will also confess Then at the same time grant me that by this Love is bred in mens minds the quality which is most necessary to Civil life which is to know perfectly and without trouble to accommodate ones self to the Manners and Sentiments of others And without doubt this sweetness of Spirit is so much an effect of Love that the Thebans did not ordain that Love should be practis'd publickly amongst them but with design to adulce and bend their Manners which were too gross and rude But Love not only renders us capable of acting civilly and of being esteem'd it not only gives us good qualities but corrects our bad and Plutarch compares it divinely to the Dictator whose power suspended the functions of all the Magistrates of the Roman Common-wealth whereby he would signifie that all our other Passions do not appear when this possesses us The Polyphemus of the Poets not only forgot his barbarism and cruelty when he fell in Love but as one of the Ancient says he went so far as to turn gallant and comforted himself in his love with singing Pluto himself this inexorable God Et ces barbares coeurs que jamais l'amitiè Ni les pleurs des humains n'esmeurment à pitiè gave up Euridice to the love of Orpheus Circes left her Wichcrasts for Vlysses with whom she treated sincerely and faithfully Did not Love make an able man of an Ideot in Baccace who represents his Cimon in his nature so much a Block that to increase the number of them he voluntarily left the City to dwell in Woods And because likeness breeds love he resolv'd to seek no Friendship but that of Animals and as a good Politian he imitated them so well that he forgot humane Speech retaining only a confused and indistinct sound which signified nothing but the bestiality of Cimon One day whether by chance or destiny he found a beauteous young Lady sleeping under the Trees he thought he saw the Sun lying in the shade she wrought in him a Miracle contrary to that of Medusa's Head and of a Stone he became a man He began to use that Reason which at first he did not know and to himself discours'd excellently well of Beauty it seem'd that Cupid by the wound in his heart let in vertue into his Soul he beheld that face as an excellent book and in an instant