a_o essay_n on_o the_o coin_n and_o commerce_n of_o the_o kingdom_n trade_n and_o treasure_n which_o be_v twin_n be_v the_o only_a supporter_n thereof_o next_o to_o religion_n and_o justice_n for_o the_o merchandise_n of_o it_o be_v better_a than_o the_o merchandise_n of_o silver_n and_o the_o gain_n thereof_o than_o fine_a gold_n london_n print_v and_o publish_v for_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o present_a and_o future_a session_n of_o parliament_n 1695._o to_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n and_o particular_o to_o the_o grand_a committee_n of_o trade_n appoint_v mart._n 19_o feb._n 94._o to_o sit_v every_o tuesday_n thursday_n and_o saturday_n in_o the_o afternoon_n and_o to_o the_o honourable_a committee_n appoint_v to_o receive_v proposal_n for_o prevention_n of_o clip_v and_o coin_v sir_n since_o i_o expose_v the_o follow_a particular_n for_o the_o public_a good_a and_o do_v most_o humble_o submit_v they_o to_o your_o honourable_a protection_n i_o hope_v no_o 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strengthen_v with_o the_o best_a of_o law_n execute_v good_a law_n but_o ill_o execute_v a_o land_n of_o strength_n and_o of_o plenty_n a_o land_n who_o beauty_n have_v surprise_v the_o ambitious_a heart_n of_o foreign_a prince_n a_o land_n who_o native_a plenty_n make_v she_o the_o world_n exchange_n supply_v other_o and_o able_a to_o subsist_v without_o supply_n from_o they_o that_o have_v no_o misery_n but_o what_o be_v propagate_v from_o that_o blindness_n which_o can_v see_v she_o own_o felicity_n a_o land_n that_o flow_v with_o milk_n and_o honey_n and_o in_o brief_a want_v nothing_o to_o deserve_v the_o title_n of_o a_o paradise_n the_o curb_n of_o spain_n the_o pride_n of_o germany_n the_o aid_n of_o belgia_n the_o scourge_n of_o france_n the_o queen_n of_o nation_n and_o the_o empetess_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v as_o he_o
stuff_n the_o more_o silk_n silver_n and_o gold_n they_o will_v wear_v if_o shimei_n when_o he_o be_v confine_v to_o jerusalem_n have_v the_o great_a mind_n to_o go_v to_o gath_n if_o he_o have_v be_v confine_v to_o gath_n he_o will_v have_v have_v a_o great_a mind_n to_o go_v to_o jerusalem_n and_o we_o be_v observe_v to_o drink_v more_o wine_n now_o it_o be_v raise_v to_o eighteen_o penny_n the_o quart_n and_o two_o shilling_n the_o bottle_n by_o act_n of_o the_o vintner_n than_o when_o we_o be_v more_o confine_v to_o six_o penny_n a-quart_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n xi_o a_o imposition_n upon_o all_o prohibit_v good_n it_o be_v no_o impolicy_n to_o take_v off_o the_o prohibition_n since_o it_o prevent_v not_o the_o importation_n which_o have_v be_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o nation_n in_o general_n whatever_o it_o have_v be_v to_o particular_a person_n xii_o a_o imporsition_n on_o all_o foreign_a lace_n import_v and_o on_o all_o our_o wearer_n thereof_o xiii_o fail_v xiii_o the_o more_o money_n man_n pay_v upon_o this_o account_n themore_n it_o will_v be_v for_o their_o honour_n and_o the_o less_o they_o pay_v the_o better_a husband_n they_o will_v be_v both_o for_o themselves_o and_o their_o country_n for_o the_o less_o silver_n will_v liedead_o and_o the_o more_o coin_n will_v be_v currant_n in_o the_o kingdom_n towards_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o value_n of_o land_n and_o the_o promotion_n of_o manufacture_n and_o the_o more_o agriculture_n and_o manufacture_n do_v flourish_v the_o far_a a_o nation_n be_v from_o fail_v a_o imposition_n upon_o all_o such_o as_o serve_v themselves_o in_o private_a and_o public_a house_n in_o plate_n and_o the_o more_o upon_o public_a house_n because_o they_o may_v bring_v in_o their_o plate_n at_o so_o much_o on_o ounce_n towards_o the_o reminting_a the_o money_n or_o to_o have_v new_a money_n for_o it_o fourteen_o a_o imposition_n on_o the_o money-changer_n they_o have_v be_v principal_n to_o the_o clipper_n as_o much_o as_o demetrius_n be_v to_o diana_n silver_n smith_n and_o have_v their_o table_n be_v over_o throw_v by_o our_o justice_n as_o the_o money-changer_n be_v by_o jesus_n matth._n 21._o when_o the_o jew_n silver_n be_v turn_v into_o dross_n the_o den_n of_o those_o thief_n have_v not_o do_v we_o so_o much_o mischief_n xv._o a_o different_a imposition_n of_o so_o much_o ayear_n upon_o all_o tavern_n inn_n coffeehouse_n alehouse_n brew-house_n and_o bake-house_n xvii_o a_o imposition_n by_o way_n of_o fine_a and_o licence_n on_o all_o those_o that_o at_o first_o enter_v upon_o those_o profession_n that_o be_v unprofitable_a or_o rather_o destructive_a to_o the_o nation_n which_o will_v put_v our_o folk_n the_o more_o upon_o manufacture_n xvii_o a_o imposition_n on_o all_o dilatory_a defendant_n in_o law_n and_o equity_n that_o by_o stave_a and_o tail_v with_o writ_n of_o error_n reverse_n of_o judgement_n and_o demurrer_n have_v plague_v the_o plaintiff_n above_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n which_o be_v as_o long_o as_o any_o suit_n shall_v last_v in_o law_n or_o in_o equity_n and_o the_o more_o year_n they_o have_v delay_v our_o justice_n and_o make_v it_o a_o true_a and_o constant_a friend_n to_o all_o that_o regular_o offend_v the_o more_o and_o more_o imposition_n shall_v be_v lay_v upon_o they_o and_o upon_o some_o other_o which_o i_o humble_o think_v as_o i_o be_o a_o honest_a subject_n be_v more_o reasonable_a and_o seasonable_a than_o xviii_o for_o letter_n of_o favour_n either_o for_o mitigation_n or_o for_o dispatch_v of_o justice_n etc._n cottoni_fw-la posthuma_n p._n 193._o of_o manner_n and_o mean_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o first_o sort_n there_o be_v many_o find_v in_o henry_n vi_o and_o edward_n iv'_v time_n sometime_o of_o protection_n sometime_o free_v man_n from_o arrest_n by_o call_v they_o up_o to_o appear_v before_o the_o king_n council_n sometime_o in_o case_n high_o criminal_a relieve_v the_o prisoner_n in_o command_v the_o judge_n to_o make_v stay_n of_o all_o proceed_n upon_o supposal_n of_o indirect_a practice_n until_o the_o king_n be_v better_o inform_v of_o the_o second_o sort_n there_o be_v many_o in_o henry_n vii_n time_n where_o the_o king_n have_v take_v money_n for_o write_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o assize_n his_o letter_n of_o favour_n xix_o for_o maintenance_n of_o religion_n and_o the_o church_n 172._o p._n 172._o as_o in_o the_o year_n 1166._o to_o henry_n ii_o be_v give_v 12_o d._n in_o the_o pound_n and_o the_o 18_o edward_n 1._o a_o fifteen_o be_v grant_v to_o expel_v the_o jew_n and_o anno_fw-la 4_o richard_n ii_o a_o ten_o to_o the_o clergy_n and_o a_o fifteeenth_n to_o the_o commons_o for_o his_o help_n to_o suppress_v the_o wicklivian_n heresy_n xx._n for_o support_v of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n 173._o p._n 173._o for_o redress_v of_o aggrievance_n xxi_o particular_a grant_n of_o the_o subject_a by_o loan_n compulsive_a 177._o p._n 177._o so_o be_v the_o merchant_n of_o florence_n venice_n and_o luka_n compel_v by_o a_o order_n in_o council_n 3_o hen_n iii_o because_o they_o have_v grace_n &_o sufferance_n du_fw-fr roy_fw-fr graunt_n privilege_n &_o reportant_n grand_a lucre_n pourle_v exercise_n de_fw-fr leur_fw-fr merchandre_n en_fw-fr le_fw-fr angliterre_fw-fr and_o the_o person_n that_o refuse_v to_o lend_v be_v commit_v to_o the_o fleet_n neither_o be_v the_o english_a more_o free_a in_o anno_fw-la 30_o henry_n vi_o divers_a be_v enjoin_v to_o attend_v the_o council-table_n or_o else_o to_o pay_v the_o demand_v loan_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n viii_o anno_fw-la 14_o of_o his_o reign_n he_o exact_v by_o way_n of_o loan_n ten_o pound_n in_o the_o hundred_o on_o all_o good_n jewel_n utensil_n and_o land_n and_o according_a to_o the_o extreme_a rate_n reveal_v by_o oath_n of_o the_o possessor_n notwithstanding_o there_o be_v a_o law_n 2_o richard_n ii_o that_o none_o shall_v be_v deny_v in_o demand_n of_o any_o loan_n his_o reasonable_a excuse_n xxii_o king_n raise_v money_n 184._o p._n 184._o 1._o by_o trading_n themselves_o thus_o do_v edward_n i._o anno_fw-la 22._o seize_v into_o his_o hand_n all_o the_o wool_n in_o the_o kingdom_n etc._n etc._n thus_o do_v edward_n iii_o anno_fw-la 12._o with_o all_o the_o tin_n xxiii_o king_n raise_v money_n 185._o p._n 185._o by_o licens_v other_o to_o trade_n in_o commodity_n lawful_a or_o unlawful_a 1._o lawful_o but_o sole_o thus_o do_v henry_n vi_o by_o approbation_n of_o parliament_n with_o all_o the_o trade_n of_o allom_n for_o two_o year_n grant_v to_o the_o merchant_n of_o southampton_n for_o 8000_o l._n and_o again_o for_o the_o like_a sum_n to_o those_o of_o genoa_n 2._o unlawful_a or_o prohibit_v thus_o do_v many_o of_o the_o king_n etc._n etc._n 186._o p._n 186._o to_o divers_a citizen_n of_o londin_n henry_n iv_o dispense_v for_o great_a quantity_n of_o tin_n for_o seven_o year_n pay_v 400_o l._n yearly_o above_o the_o usual_a custom_n xxiv_o king_n raise_v money_n 187._o p._n 187._o by_o 1._o farm_v out_o of_o ship_n 2._o raise_v the_o book_n of_o rate_n 3._o farm_v the_o custom_n 1._o farm_v of_o ship_n to_o the_o merchant_n and_o take_v security_n of_o they_o either_o to_o bring_v in_o or_o carry_v out_o yearly_o as_o much_o commodity_n as_o shall_v yield_v the_o king_n in_o custom_n on_o or_o else_o to_o make_v it_o up_o out_o of_o their_o own_o money_n 2._o raise_v the_o book_n of_o rate_n this_o be_v in_o some_o sort_n do_v consensu_fw-la mercatorum_fw-la by_o edward_n i._o and_o edward_n iii_o and_o again_o in_o henry_n viii_n time_n lindx_fw-fr lindx_fw-fr of_o which_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n complain_v country_n but_o we_o seldom_o complain_v of_o the_o breach_n of_o our_o capitulation_n and_o treaty_n of_o commerce_n in_o other_o country_n as_o against_o the_o treaty_n of_o intercourse_n the_o like_a do_v edward_n iii_o anno_fw-la 1._o confirm_v anno_fw-la 2._o the_o great_a charter_n for_o free_a traffic_n etc._n etc._n and_o thus_o it_o continue_v all_o his_o reign_n be_v a_o time_n of_o great_a necessity_n and_o expense_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o war_n he_o sometime_o take_v a_o advantage_n either_o to_o raise_v a_o imposition_n or_o else_o to_o gain_v aid_n from_o the_o people_n in_o discharge_n thereof_o xxv_o king_n raise_v money_n etc._n etc._n 191._o p._n 191._o 1._o by_o liberty_n 193._o p._n 193._o and_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o usuall_a and_o easy_a mean_n to_o raise_v money_n from_o the_o people_n because_o it_o light_v only_o upon_o the_o best_a ability_n and_o if_o there_o be_v now_o but_o 20_o l._n take_v of_o every_o corporation_n of_o every_o person_n that_o hold_v by_o charter_n his_o liberty_n 5_o l._n for_o renew_v they_o and_o of_o every_o one_o that_o claim_v by_o prescription_n 10_o l._n for_o purchase_n of_o a_o charter_n all_o which_o
say_v my_o lord_n bacon_n in_o his_o essay_n and_o if_o they_o flourish_v not_o a_o kingdom_n may_v have_v strong_a limb_n but_o it_o will_v have_v empty_a vein_n and_o nourish_v little_a and_o mr._n mun_n in_o his_o english_a treasure_n by_o foreign_a trade_n call_v they_o the_o steward_n of_o the_o kingdom_n stock_n by_o way_n of_o commerce_n with_o other_o nation_n a_o work_n say_v he_o of_o no_o less_o reputation_n than_o trust_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v perform_v with_o great_a skill_n and_o conscience_n that_o so_o the_o private_a gain_n may_v ever_o accompany_v the_o public_a good_a but_o the_o public_a good_a of_o the_o nation_n can_v never_o prosper_v under_o the_o unjust_a stewardship_n and_o ill_a managery_n of_o monopolist_n so_o long_o as_o we_o be_v more_o restrain_v than_o other_o nation_n and_o as_o it_o be_v strangle_v in_o trade_n the_o face_n of_o albion_n state-affair_n can_v but_o look_v black_a and_o lose_v its_o complexion_n of_o nature_n white_a boy_n and_o britannia_n will_v be_v call_v languent_fw-la according_a to_o the_o title_n of_o that_o excellent_a book_n until_o the_o great_a be_v dwindle_v into_o little_a bbritain_n but_o now_o we_o have_v a_o king_n that_o be_v constant_o recommend_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o nation_n which_o be_v the_o nerve_n and_o sinew_n of_o war_n if_o we_o will_v add_v art_n to_o nature_n give_v trade_n its_o due_a liberty_n and_o property_n fullness_n of_o people_n manufacture_n and_o exportation_n as_o the_o french_a and_o dutch_a do_v to_o they_o we_o shall_v quick_o exceed_v they_o both_o in_o trade_n as_o we_o have_v natural_o a_o great_a advantage_n for_o the_o overbalance_n thereof_o ii_o england_n be_v by_o nature_n and_o situation_n the_o centre_n of_o trade_n but_o for_o want_n of_o art_n and_o encouragement_n thereunto_o it_o serve_v as_o the_o centre_n do_v to_o make_v the_o circumference_n and_o have_v it_o not_o be_v puteus_fw-la inexhanstus_fw-la ubi_fw-la multa_fw-la abundant_a as_o pope_n innocent_n iv_o use_v to_o say_v of_o it_o it_o may_v have_v be_v drain_v as_o dry_v of_o substantial_a treasure_n as_o it_o be_v of_o advantageous_a trade_n but_o our_o people_n be_v of_o a_o middle_a temper_n and_o do_v still_o continue_v so_o according_a to_o their_o climate_n and_o not_o as_o it_o shall_v now_o be_v according_a to_o the_o temper_n of_o their_o prince_n for_o when_o the_o majesty_n of_o a_o king_n be_v most_o excellent_a mediocrity_n in_o the_o subject_n be_v too_o mean_v the_o northern_a melancholy_n and_o the_o southern_a choler_n 300._o hist_o discr_n p._n 300._o meet_v in_o their_o general_a constitution_n do_v render_v they_o ingenious_a and_o active_a which_o nourish_v also_o under_o the_o wing_n of_o liberty_n inspire_v a_o courage_n generous_a and_o not_o soon_o out_o of_o breath_n active_a they_o be_v and_o so_o nigh_o to_o pure_a act_n that_o nothing_o hurt_v they_o more_o than_o much_o quiet_a of_o which_o they_o have_v little_a experience_n from_o their_o first_o transmigration_n till_o the_o time_n of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o who_o conquer_a all_o enmity_n speak_v peace_n abroad_o to_o his_o enemy_n and_o sing_v lullaby_n at_o home_n to_o his_o friend_n iii_o it_o be_v apparent_a say_v sir_n walter_n raleigh_n to_o the_o say_a king_n james_n that_o no_o three_o kingdom_n in_o christendom_n can_v compare_v with_o your_o majesty_n be_v for_o support_n of_o traffic_n 185._o remain_n p._n 185._o and_o continual_a employment_n for_o your_o people_n within_o themselves_o have_v so_o many_o mean_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n to_o enrich_v your_o majesty_n coffer_n world_n which_o he_o reckon_v up_o and_o show_v the_o king_n how_o many_o thousand_o man_n they_o may_v employ_v and_o how_o many_o million_o of_o money_n they_o will_v get_v from_o the_o world_n multiply_v your_o navy_n enlarge_v your_o traffic_n make_v your_o kingdom_n powerful_a and_o your_o people_n rich_a yet_o through_o idleness_n they_o be_v poor_a want_v employment_n many_o of_o your_o land_n and_o coast-town_n much_o ruinate_v prime_n we_o have_v occasion_n now_o for_o such_o a_o great_a man_n who_o can_v see_v thing_n in_o little_a and_o in_o their_o prime_n and_o your_o kingdom_n in_o need_n of_o coin_n your_o ship_n traffic_n and_o mariner_n decay_a itself_o for_o when_o this_o king_n set_v up_o for_o a_o universal_a peace_n he_o lay_v up_o his_o man_n of_o war_n and_o leave_v merchandise_n to_o shift_v for_o itself_o whilst_o your_o majesty_n neighbour_n without_o these_o mean_n more_o whilst_o this_o king_n sing_v lullaby_n to_o his_o subject_n they_o sleep_v on_o but_o the_o french_a and_o dutch_a be_v vigilant_a and_o awake_v all_o this_o wilt_v which_o make_v we_o now_o sleep_v the_o less_o and_o as_o it_o shall_v behoove_v we_o to_o think_v the_o more_o abound_v in_o wealth_n enlarge_v their_o town_n increase_v their_o ship_n traffic_n and_o mariner_n and_o find_v out_o such_o employment_n for_o their_o people_n that_o they_o be_v all_o advantageous_a to_o their_o common_a wealth_n only_o by_o ordain_v commodious_a constitution_n in_o merchandize_v and_o fullness_n of_o trade_n in_o manufacture_n god_n have_v bless_v your_o majesty_n with_o incomparable_a benefit_n of_o copper_n 186._o p._n 186._o lead_v tyn_n iron_n alum_n copperas_n saffron_n fell_n and_o divers_a other_o native_a commodity_n to_o the_o number_n of_o about_o 100_o and_o other_o manufacture_n vendible_a to_o the_o number_n of_o about_o 1000_o beside_o corn_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o wool_n whereof_o much_o be_v ship_v off_o ☞_o ☞_o unwrought_a into_o cloth_n and_o stuff_n and_o ☞_o cloth_n and_o stuff_v transport_v undress_v ☞_o ☞_o and_o undy_v which_o do_v employ_v near_o fifty_o thousand_o people_n in_o foreign_a part_n ☞_o ☞_o whilst_o you_o majesty_n people_n want_v that_o employment_n in_o england_n ☞_o ☞_o fishery_n and_o see_v p._n 191._o and_o 195._o how_o many_o million_o this_o nation_n have_v lose_v for_o want_n of_o follow_v the_o full_a trade_n of_o manufacture_n and_o fishery_n these_o inconvenience_n happen_v by_o three_o cause_n especial_o 187._o p._n 187._o i._o the_o unprofitable_a course_n of_o merchandise_n 2._o the_o want_n of_o full_a manufacture_n iii_o the_o undervalue_v of_o our_o coin_n our_o merchant-adventurer_n by_o over-trading_a upon_o credit_n 188._o p._n 188._o or_o by_o money_n take_v upon_o exchange_n whereby_o they_o lose_v usual_o 10_o and_o 12_o per_fw-la cent_z and_o sometime_o 15_o or_o 16_o be_v force_v to_o make_v sale_n of_o their_o clothes_n etc._n etc._n at_o under-rate_n to_o keep_v up_o their_o credit_n whereby_o clothes_n be_v the_o jewel_n of_o the_o land_n be_v under_o value_v and_o the_o merchant_n in_o short_a time_n eat_v out_o the_o west_n countrey-merchant_n 189._o p._n 189._o that_o trade_n in_o clothes_n to_o france_n and_o spain_n do_v usual_o employ_v their_o servant_n young_a man_n of_o small_a experience_n who_o by_o the_o cunning_a of_o the_o french_a here_o our_o merchant_n servant_n and_o factor_n do_v now_o combine_v with_o the_o alien_n as_o the_o alien_n then_o combine_v with_o one_o another_o to_o out_o wit_n the_o principal_n here_o and_o spanish_a merchant_n be_v so_o entrap_v that_o when_o all_o custom_n and_o charge_n be_v account_v their_o master_n shall_v hardly_o receive_v their_o principal_a money_n as_o for_o our_o return_n out_o of_o france_n ditto_n ditto_n their_o silver_n and_o gold_n be_v so_o high_o rate_v ☞_o ☞_o that_o our_o merchant_n can_v bring_v it_o home_o but_o to_o great_a loss_n therefore_o the_o french_a merchant_n set_v high_a rate_n upon_o their_o commodity_n which_o we_o must_v either_o buy_v dear_a ☜_o ☜_o or_o let_v our_o money_n lie_v dead_a there_o a_o long_a time_n until_o we_o can_v convenient_o employ_v the_o same_o wherefore_o may_v it_o please_v your_o majesty_n to_o consider_v these_o point_n follow_v 202._o p._n 202._o 1._o whether_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a that_o a_o state_n merchant_n be_v settle_v in_o your_o dominion_n which_o may_v encounter_v the_o policy_n of_o merchant_n stranger_n who_o now_o go_v beyond_o we_o in_o all_o profitable_a merchandize_v 2._o whether_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a ☜_o ☜_o that_o our_o native_a commodity_n shall_v receive_v their_o full_a manufacture_n by_o your_o own_o subject_n 3._o whether_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o your_o majesty_n present_o to_o raise_v your_o coin_n to_o as_o high_a rate_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o part_n beyond_o sea_n 4._o whether_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a languish_v we_o have_v be_v since_o too_o forward_o to_o cheat_v the_o world_n with_o our_o fish_n insomuch_o that_o they_o have_v leave_v we_o much_o upon_o that_o account_n and_o as_o if_o the_o fish_n themselves_o have_v resent_v the_o injury_n do_v to_o they_o they_o have_v as_o much_o leave_v we_o also_o under_o the_o like_a judgement_n which_o befall_v the_o jew_n thy_o fisher_n also_o shall_v mourn_v and_o they_o