java_n it_o be_v fortify_v by_o a_o citadel_n compass_v with_o a_o wall_n and_o eighteen_o bastion_n which_o be_v so_o strong_o build_v that_o this_o town_n afterward_o hold_v out_o three_o sieges_n against_o the_o king_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o java_n as_o soon_o as_o batavia_n be_v finish_v the_o general_n company_n make_v it_o the_o capital_a of_o all_o their_o territory_n in_o asia_n and_o the_o centre_n of_o all_o commerce_n in_o those_o part_n the_o dutch_a general_n make_v it_o the_o place_n of_o his_o residence_n live_v in_o the_o citadel_n with_o his_o court_n and_o council_n since_o the_o company_n trade_n so_o wonderful_o increase_v and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n become_v the_o most_o considerable_a of_o all_o asia_n the_o dutch_a make_v new_a conquest_n and_o the_o king_n of_o the_o island_n and_o the_o coast_n of_o asia_n strike_v with_o the_o success_n and_o grandeur_n of_o the_o company_n soon_o come_v and_o covet_v their_o alliance_n in_o process_n of_o time_n they_o erect_v several_a public_a and_o private_a building_n at_o batavia_n of_o extraordinary_a beauty_n and_o magnificence_n insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v now_o and_o have_v a_o long_a time_n since_o be_v the_o wonder_n of_o asia_n both_o for_o its_o beauty_n and_o commerce_n for_o there_o be_v never_o a_o day_n but_o you_o may_v see_v vessel_n enter_v the_o port_n from_o bengal_n siam_n malacca_n the_o molucca_n and_o philipine_n island_n china_n and_o all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o indies_n not_o include_v those_o that_o come_v from_o europe_n the_o truce_n end_v in_o 1621._o the_o two_o party_n viz._n the_o portugueze_n and_o dutch_n prepare_v themselves_o for_o war_n both_o in_o the_o old_a and_o new_a world_n of_o all_o the_o advantage_n the_o dutch_a get_v in_o the_o indies_n over_o the_o portugueze_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1640_o be_v the_o great_a for_o in_o that_o very_a year_n the_o company_n in_o short_a make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o town_n of_o malacca_n and_o by_o that_o conquest_n become_v master_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a straight_o in_o all_o asia_n in_o effect_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o important_a place_n the_o portugueze_n have_v in_o the_o indies_n its_o situation_n be_v wonderful_a for_o the_o trade_n of_o china_n and_o the_o molucca_n island_n and_o they_o always_o keep_v there_o a_o strong_a garrison_n and_o a_o good_a fleet_n which_o strike_v a_o terror_n into_o all_o the_o neighbour_a island_n on_z thr_fw-mi one_a of_o december_n in_o the_o same_o year_n 1640_o the_o portugueze_n shake_v off_o the_o castillian_a yoke_n and_o make_v the_o duke_n of_o braganza_n their_o king_n who_o be_v acknowledge_v as_o such_o not_o only_o by_o all_o portugal_n but_o by_o all_o the_o state_n that_o crown_v possess_v in_o asia_n africa_n and_o america_n as_o the_o portugueze_n be_v not_o at_o war_n with_o the_o dutch_a but_o as_o subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o cease_v to_o be_v so_o they_o desire_v a_o alliance_n with_o the_o dutch_a with_o who_o in_o the_o year_n 1641._o they_o conclude_v a_o truce_n for_o ten_o year_n for_o all_o place_n belong_v to_o each_o nation_n both_o on_o this_o and_o the_o other_o side_n the_o line_n there_o be_v to_o be_v a_o free_a navigation_n for_o both_o party_n every_o where_o and_o each_o be_v to_o remain_v in_o possession_n of_o those_o place_n they_o hold_v in_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n at_o the_o time_n of_o publish_v the_o truce_n this_o treaty_n be_v not_o capable_a to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o dutch_a conquest_n for_o notwithstanding_o the_o truce_n they_o have_v sign_v they_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o town_n of_o gallo_n and_o columbo_n two_o of_o the_o principal_a place_n the_o dutch_a or_o rather_o the_o portugueze_n have_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o ceylan_n and_o this_o put_v into_o their_o hand_n the_o whole_a cinnamon_n trade_n and_o in_o some_o sort_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o strait_n between_o the_o isle_n of_o ceylan_n and_o cape_n comorin_n so_o that_o by_o these_o mean_v they_o govern_v the_o two_o most_o powerful_a passage_n of_o asia_n the_o portugueze_v be_v not_o able_a to_o have_v any_o justice_n do_v they_o for_o the_o infraction_n of_o the_o truce_n thus_o make_v by_o the_o dutch_a resolve_v to_o do_v themselves_o justice_n and_o accordin_o make_v a_o insurrection_n and_o general_a revolt_n in_o brazil_n which_o cost_v the_o dutch_a the_o loss_n of_o all_o they_o possess_v in_o that_o place_n and_o almost_o ruin_v their_o west-india_n company_n the_o war_n also_o break_v out_o in_o good_a earnest_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n in_o the_o east_n and_o last_v 16_o year_n in_o which_o time_n the_o dutch_a take_v from_o the_o portugueze_v almost_o all_o the_o trade_n they_o have_v leave_v in_o the_o east-indies_n the_o take_n of_o several_a castle_n and_o strong_a place_n by_o the_o dutch_a in_o 1661._o belong_v to_o the_o portugueze_v from_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o indian_a sea_n as_o far_o as_o suratte_n strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o that_o vast_a country_n that_o the_o city_n of_o goa_n be_v afraid_a they_o must_v have_v fall_v under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o dutch_a company_n they_o get_v beside_o a_o battle_n near_o dabul_n the_o consequence_n of_o which_o be_v very_o fatal_a to_o the_o portugueze_v for_o several_a little_a king_n on_o this_o side_n the_o ganges_n follow_v always_o the_o strong_a side_n leave_v the_o portugueze_v to_o put_v themselves_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o dutch_a who_o by_o reduce_v the_o town_n and_o island_n of_o medea_n which_o be_v oblige_v to_o be_v abandon_v to_o they_o see_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o strait_n of_o chilas_n the_o expense_n and_o trouble_v the_o company_n be_v at_o during_o this_o war_n do_v not_o hinder_v they_o from_o take_v all_o method_n to_o advance_v their_o commerce_n in_o the_o year_n 1653_o they_o make_v a_o new_a establishment_n at_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o their_o ship_n that_o shall_v make_v the_o voyage_n of_o india_n there_o be_v at_o present_a a_o great_a town_n and_o a_o fort_n with_o 6_o bastion_n that_o command_v all_o the_o road._n the_o air_n be_v very_o good_a plenty_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o game_n and_o the_o soil_n produce_v good_a corn_n and_o wine_n so_o that_o that_o this_o port_n be_v of_o the_o great_a benefit_n and_o advantage_n to_o their_o fleet_n which_o here_o take_v in_o fresh_a provision_n notwithstanding_o the_o ill_a success_n that_o the_o dutch_a company_n meet_v with_o in_o the_o several_a attempt_v they_o make_v to_o settle_v their_o commerce_n with_o china_n they_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o year_n 1655_o to_o make_v a_o great_a than_o ever_o by_o send_v thither_o a_o splendid_a embassy_n with_o rich_a present_n for_o the_o emperor_n of_o tartary_n who_o be_v then_o master_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n it_o be_v believe_v they_o will_v have_v carry_v their_o point_n notwithstanding_o the_o stratagem_n of_o the_o jesuit_n and_o portugueze_n who_o both_o pay_v dear_a enough_o afterward_o for_o the_o ill_a service_n they_o do_v the_o dutch_a on_o that_o occasion_n this_o same_o company_n suffer_v yet_o a_o more_o troublesome_a mortification_n in_o the_o year_n 1661._o where_o they_o be_v drive_v by_o force_n out_o of_o the_o island_n of_o formosa_fw-la which_o lie_v between_o china_n and_o japan_n this_o loss_n be_v very_o considerable_a in_o relation_n to_o the_o great_a trade_n they_o drive_v with_o both_o these_o empire_n in_o the_o same_o year_n 1661._o the_o portugueze_n and_o dutch_n be_v both_o weary_a by_o a_o war_n so_o pernicious_a to_o they_o both_o sign_v a_o peace_n at_o the_o hague_n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o this_o treaty_n the_o dutch_a quit_v brazil_n entire_o to_o the_o portugueze_v for_o a_o good_a sum_n of_o money_n and_o some_o advantage_n in_o respect_n of_o trade_n the_o jealousy_n afterward_o between_o the_o viceroy_n of_o goa_n and_o the_o general_n of_o batavia_n grow_v so_o great_a that_o this_o peace_n be_v not_o at_o all_o observe_v in_o the_o east_n indies_n in_o the_o year_n 1663._o the_o dutch_a take_v from_o they_o the_o best_a place_n they_o have_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n viz._n coulan_n cananor_n cochin_n and_o grandanor_n thus_o in_o less_o than_o the_o space_n of_o one_o year_n almost_o 150_o league_n of_o the_o country_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n exchange_v their_o governor_n and_o from_o the_o portugueze_n come_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o company_n which_o much_o augment_v their_o commerce_n in_o the_o province_n of_o guzaratte_n indoston_n and_o bengal_n the_o portugueze_n be_v not_o the_o only_a people_n the_o company_n fall_v out_o with_o they_o have_v several_a war_n with_o the_o indian_a king_n but_o that_o
once_o enter_v their_o port_n but_o then_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n they_o must_v take_v all_o what_o be_v bring_v at_o the_o price_n the_o magistrate_n shall_v set_v upon_o it_o as_o the_o pole_n be_v all_o stranger_n to_o trade_n and_o navigation_n and_o much_o less_o to_o manufacture_n so_o be_v they_o oblige_v to_o make_v use_n of_o stranger_n the_o dutch_a especial_o to_o supply_v they_o with_o what_o commodity_n they_o from_o time_n to_o time_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o here_o follow_v a_o account_n of_o the_o principal_a good_n they_o general_o be_v supply_v with_o from_o abroad_o viz._n all_o sort_n of_o silk_n great_a quantity_n of_o cloth_n wood_n for_o die_v all_o sort_n of_o spice_n drug_n italian_n crema_fw-la tartar_n sugar_n oil_n paper_n wine_n of_o all_o sort_n french_a salt_n and_o brandy_n of_o these_o liquor_n there_o be_v a_o great_a consumption_n in_o prussia_n these_o commodity_n be_v general_o truck_v for_o wheat_n and_o other_o corn_n oak_n and_o deal_n excellent_a mast_n hemp_n and_o flax_n honey_n wax_n and_o tallow_n steel_n iron_n copper_n and_o lead_n saltpetre_n salt_n pitch_n and_o tar_n yellow_a amber_n bull_n and_o cow_n hide_v fur_n and_o wool_n etc._n etc._n dantzick_n be_v the_o great_a place_n for_o trade_n in_o the_o north_n the_o dutch_a have_v ever_o take_v a_o particular_a care_n to_o assist_v that_o town_n in_o the_o preservation_n of_o its_o liberty_n against_o the_o attempt_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o sweden_n and_o other_o power_n the_o duchy_n of_o courland_n be_v a_o particular_a sovereignty_n under_o the_o protection_n of_o poland_n libaw_n and_o memel_fw-la be_v its_o two_o seaport_n from_o whence_o beside_o wheat_n and_o wood_n a_o great_a deal_n of_o linseed_n be_v transport_v to_o holland_n where_o they_o use_v great_a quantity_n in_o make_v of_o oil_n great_a quantity_n be_v likewise_o carry_v into_o flanders_n for_o seed_n the_o linseed_n of_o those_o country_n be_v apt_a to_o degenerate_v and_o become_v unfit_a for_o sow_v i_o have_v be_v credible_o inform_v that_o the_o dutch_a employ_v in_o the_o trade_n of_o courland_n every_o year_n 20_o or_o 25_o ship_n livonia_n belong_v to_o sweden_n and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o fruitful_a country_n in_o the_o world_n for_o wheat_n and_o will_v be_v one_o of_o the_o rich_a have_v not_o a_o long_a war_n sweep_v off_o such_o vast_a number_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n not_o only_o the_o great_a commerce_n of_o this_o vast_a province_n but_o good_a part_n of_o that_o of_o muscovy_n and_o lithuania_n be_v carry_v on_o in_o the_o port_n of_o riga_n revel_v and_o narva_n it_o be_v partly_o by_o the_o river_n narva_n and_o partly_o by_o their_o sledge_n in_o the_o great_a snow_n that_o the_o muscovite_n and_o lithuanian_n bring_v to_o riga_n their_o flax_n hemp_n wax_n pitch_n wheat_n and_o fur_n etc._n etc._n revel_n have_v for_o a_o long_a time_n since_o be_v repute_v one_o of_o the_o best_a northern_a town_n for_o trade_n its_o situation_n and_o port_n seem_v contrive_v for_o traffic_n especial_o that_o of_o muscovy_n which_o flourish_v here_o very_o much_o before_o the_o north_n passage_n to_o archangel_n be_v find_v out_o narva_n be_v situate_v on_o the_o river_n of_o that_o name_n this_o town_n be_v well_o know_v to_o those_o who_o trade_n to_o muscovy_n by_o the_o baltic_a be_v the_o direct_a passage_n to_o novogrod_n and_o pleskou_n two_o town_n of_o the_o great_a trade_n in_o that_o empire_n and_o both_o 40_o league_n distant_a from_o narva_n the_o little_a town_n of_o pernaw_n be_v in_o like_a manner_n situate_v on_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n people_n come_v thither_o to_o load_v wheat_n for_o the_o netherlands_o be_v trade_n grow_v more_o considerable_a every_o day_n by_o reason_n of_o those_o great_a quantity_n of_o excellent_a and_o well_o proportion_v mast_n and_o other_o fit_a timber_n that_o come_v thither_o by_o water_n it_o be_v believe_v if_o this_o trade_n hold_v it_o will_v prejudice_v that_o of_o norway_n for_o the_o dutch_a that_o use_v before_o the_o year_n 1680_o to_o send_v five_o or_o six_o ship_n yearly_a to_o pernaw_n send_v now_o 50_o or_o 60._o the_o chief_a commodity_n that_o be_v export_v from_o these_o four_o town_n of_o livonia_n and_o especial_o from_o riga_n be_v great_a quantity_n of_o wheat_n and_o other_o grain_n mast_n from_o russia_n and_o livonia_n the_o latter_a be_v the_o most_o valuable_a wood_n for_o tun_n pipe_n and_o barrel_n oak_n cordage_n deal-board_n hemp_n flax_n linseed_n wax_n honey_n and_o tallow_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o exchange_n they_o give_v old_a dollar_n salt_n spice_n sugar_n tobacco_n paper_n ironwork_a and_o small_a ware_n etc._n etc._n section_n i_o remark_n on_o what_o commodity_n the_o dutch_a export_n to_o the_o north_n and_o import_v from_o thence_o as_o there_o be_v much_o more_o good_n that_o come_v from_o the_o north_n than_o what_o be_v carry_v to_o those_o part_n so_o money_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o discharge_v the_o overplus_n and_o it_o will_v be_v difficult_a without_o this_o necessary_a ingredient_n to_o make_v any_o advantageous_a voyage_n to_o the_o north._n dutch_a dollar_n go_v very_a current_n there_o and_o be_v much_o esteem_v and_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o other_o species_n see_v in_o the_o north_n and_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n these_o northern_a people_n get_v mere_o on_o account_n of_o their_o trade_n money_n will_v be_v very_o scarce_o with_o they_o as_o i_o observe_v before_o next_o to_o gold_n and_o silver_n spice_n be_v the_o best_a commodity_n one_o can_v carry_v into_o the_o north_n these_o be_v as_o much_o value_v there_o as_o if_o they_o be_v thing_n absolute_o necessary_a to_o support_v life_n there_o be_v a_o prodigious_a consumption_n of_o they_o especial_o in_o muscovy_n and_o poland_n the_o consumption_n in_o muscovy_n be_v chief_o in_o nutmeg_n and_o pepper_n which_o they_o use_v in_o their_o ordinary_a drink_n as_o well_o as_o in_o brandy_n and_o i_o have_v be_v very_o well_o assure_v that_o the_o dutch_a have_v bring_v into_o muscovy_n 8_o or_o 900_o bail_n of_o pepper_n and_o nutmeg_n sugar_n tobacco_n and_o drug_n both_o for_o the_o apothecary_n and_o die_v sell_v well_o in_o the_o north_n sea-salt_n be_v also_o a_o very_a necessary_a commodity_n in_o the_o north_n of_o which_o there_o be_v almost_o a_o infinite_a consumption_n they_o have_v many_o year_n since_o lay_v aside_o the_o make_n of_o salt_n themselves_o have_v be_v use_v to_o the_o portugal_n and_o spanish_a salt_n and_o as_o for_o the_o french_a salt_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o sell_v but_o in_o prussia_n there_o be_v likewise_o in_o these_o country_n a_o prodigious_a consumption_n of_o french_a and_o spanish_a wine_n brandy_n oil_n and_o vinegar_n paper_n and_o dry_a fruit_n of_o all_o sort_n in_o short_a whatever_o the_o warm_a country_n produce_v sell_v well_o here_o in_o muscovy_n and_o poland_n there_o be_v also_o a_o vast_a consumption_n of_o cloth_n and_o woollen_a stuff_n and_o silk_n of_o the_o dutch_a and_o english_a manufacture_n but_o these_o stuff_n silk_n and_o cloth_n must_v be_v of_o all_o sort_n quality_n and_o colour_n they_o sell_v great_a quantity_n of_o the_o coarse_a sort_n in_o muscovy_n as_o well_o as_o coarse_a linen_n in_o the_o other_o country_n of_o the_o north_n the_o vent_n of_o woollen-stuffs_a be_v not_o so_o considerable_a almost_o all_o the_o silk_n gold_n and_o silver_n brocades_n they_o bring_v into_o the_o north_n be_v make_v in_o holland_n heretofore_o they_o use_v to_o have_v they_o from_o france_n as_o well_o as_o other_o commodity_n necessary_a for_o the_o northern_a country_n that_o be_v wine_n and_o brandy_n syrup_n apple_n chestnut_n soap_n paper_n hat_n brocade_n ribbon_n iron-ware_n and_o small_a ware_n from_o paris_n stuff_v make_v at_o rheims_n and_o chalons_n but_o the_o consumption_n of_o these_o commodity_n of_o the_o french_a be_v very_o 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memoirs_fw-fr of_o the_o dutch_a trade_n in_o all_o the_o state_n kingdom_n and_o empire_n in_o the_o world_n show_v its_o first_o rise_n and_o prodigious_a progress_n after_o what_o manner_n the_o dutch_a manage_n and_o carry_v on_o their_o trade_n their_o dominion_n and_o government_n in_o the_o indies_n by_o what_o mean_v they_o have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o the_o trade_n of_o europe_n what_o good_n and_o merchandise_n be_v proper_a for_o maritime_a traffic_n whence_o they_o be_v to_o be_v have_v and_o what_o gain_n and_o profit_n they_o produce_v a_o work_n very_o necessary_a for_o all_o merchant_n and_o other_o concern_v in_o trade_n do_v from_o the_o french_a now_o print_v at_o amsterdam_n london_n print_v for_o j._n sackfield_n in_o lincolns-inn-square_a g._n davis_n under_o sergeants-inn_n in_o chancery-lane_n and_o sell_v by_o t._n warner_n in_o pater-noster-rore_a the_o author_n preface_n some_o person_n of_o honour_n and_o distinction_n who_o i_o ought_v 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which_o likewise_o cause_v insurrection_n in_o several_a place_n of_o brabant_n particular_o at_o louvain_n where_o the_o clothworker_n have_v kill_v several_a magistrate_n to_o escape_v unpunished_a flee_v some_o of_o they_o into_o england_n and_o other_o into_o holland_n those_o who_o get_v into_o england_n give_v the_o english_a the_o first_o insight_n into_o cloth_n make_v and_o show_v they_o how_o to_o work_v their_o own_o wool_n to_o the_o great_a detriment_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o low_a country_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o to_o the_o year_n 1404_o and_o even_o since_o the_o english_a sell_v their_o wool_n to_o the_o fleming_n and_o take_v their_o clothes_n in_o payment_n not_o only_o the_o clothworker_n of_o brabant_n go_v into_o holland_n but_o a_o great_a many_o from_o flanders_n do_v the_o same_o and_o settle_v chief_o at_o leyden_n where_o that_o art_n of_o cloth-working_a have_v continue_v ever_o since_o to_o shine_v out_o in_o its_o full_a lustre_n thus_o we_o plain_o see_v how_o lay_v on_o too_o high_a duty_n be_v what_o remove_v good_a part_n of_o the_o manufactury_n of_o flanders_n into_o brabant_n and_o from_o that_o province_n into_o those_o beyond_o the_o maese_n and_o into_o england_n where_o they_o have_v raise_v the_o woollen_a manufacture_n to_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o perfection_n it_o can_v possible_o admit_v of_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a be_v very_o desirous_a to_o keep_v to_o themselves_o these_o important_a and_o valuable_a manufactury_n take_v particular_a care_n not_o to_o burden_v they_o with_o too_o heavy_a custom_n or_o tax_n we_o shall_v explain_v in_o another_o place_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o their_o wise_a policy_n and_o conduct_n about_o the_o year_n 1400_o the_o art_n of_o salt_v or_o pickle_v of_o herring_n be_v find_v out_o by_o a_o fleming_n of_o pierulem_fw-la which_o much_o encourage_v this_o sort_n of_o fishery_n as_o be_v of_o very_o great_a advantage_n and_o together_o with_o the_o
town_n in_o the_o low_a country_n but_o his_o hope_n be_v frustrate_v for_o be_v engage_v in_o almost_o continual_a war_n with_o his_o neighbour_n and_o not_o take_v due_a care_n to_o free_v the_o sea_n from_o rover_n and_o enemy_n it_o so_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o town_n of_o flanders_n which_o use_v to_o follow_v the_o fishery_n and_o sea_n trade_n lose_v both_o so_o far_o be_v they_o from_o get_v among_o they_o any_o share_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o antwerp_n this_o make_v the_o whole_a fishery_n remove_v to_o holland_n and_o the_o manufacture_n of_o flanders_n into_o other_o country_n one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o workman_n and_o merchant_n who_o wrought_v or_o deal_v in_o silk_n damask_n taffeta_n and_o stocking_n etc._n etc._n go_v to_o settle_v in_o england_n because_o none_o in_o that_o country_n know_v at_o that_o time_n to_o work_v in_o those_o manufacture_n a_o great_a many_o go_v to_o leyden_n and_o most_o of_o they_o that_o deal_v in_o linen_n go_v to_o settle_v in_o harlem_n not_o to_o mention_v those_o who_o go_v to_o amsterdam_n it_o be_v astonish_v to_o think_v that_o the_o merchant_n of_o antwerp_n in_o leave_v a_o place_n the_o most_o convenient_a in_o the_o world_n for_o trade_n shall_v make_v choice_n of_o one_o seem_v the_o most_o improper_a in_o all_o europe_n one_o will_v have_v rather_o think_v that_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o england_n who_o situation_n and_o harbour_n be_v so_o admirable_o fit_v for_o trade_n may_v have_v invite_v they_o thither_o those_o merchant_n who_o be_v of_o the_o reform_a religion_n will_v have_v have_v a_o great_a inclination_n to_o settle_v there_o than_o in_o any_o other_o place_n whatsoever_o in_o hope_n not_o only_o to_o live_v more_o at_o quiet_a but_o also_o on_o account_n of_o the_o situation_n which_o be_v very_o advantageous_a for_o trade_v with_o all_o europe_n but_o they_o want_v to_o be_v in_o a_o country_n where_o foreigner_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o pay_v such_o custom_n and_o other_o tax_n which_o the_o native_a english_a be_v free_a from_o for_o in_o england_n it_o seem_v at_o the_o time_n foreigner_n and_o all_o their_o posterity_n pay_v double_a what_o the_o native_n do_v beside_o foreigner_n be_v exclude_v all_o company_n or_o society_n of_o trade_n so_o that_o none_o be_v allow_v to_o work_v either_o as_o partner_n or_o master_n unless_o at_o such_o trade_n as_o the_o native_n be_v unacquainted_a with_o so_o that_o none_o go_v thither_o but_o such_o as_o wrought_v in_o serges_n damask_n stocking_n etc._n etc._n most_o of_o these_o and_o the_o like_a inconvenience_n they_o be_v also_o sure_a to_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o hanse_v town_n which_o partly_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o almost_o the_o whole_a trade_n of_o antwerp_n come_v to_o be_v establish_v in_o the_o town_n of_o holland_n which_o be_v free_a from_o all_o those_o obstacle_n the_o situation_n of_o these_o neighbour_a town_n and_o several_a other_o consideration_n contribute_v very_o much_o to_o draw_v thither_o especial_o to_o amsterdam_n all_o this_o vast_a and_o profitable_a trade_n after_o the_o union_n of_o the_o seven_o province_n and_o the_o world_n see_v this_o new_a republic_n defend_v itself_o with_o success_n against_o spain_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n all_o those_o who_o hate_v the_o spanish_a government_n retire_v thither_o as_o to_o a_o asylum_n from_o its_o rigour_n and_o severity_n the_o persecution_n which_o spain_n renew_v with_o too_o great_a severity_n in_o several_a place_n against_o those_o who_o have_v embrace_v the_o new_a opinion_n people_v the_o unite_a province_n with_o a_o world_n of_o excellent_a artisan_n who_o set_v up_o there_o several_a new_a manufacture_n and_o bring_v those_o they_o have_v already_o to_o great_a perfection_n the_o civil_a war_n that_o last_v so_o long_o in_o france_n then_o in_o germany_n and_o last_o of_o all_o in_o england_n augment_v considerable_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n and_o the_o war_n which_o break_v out_o in_o the_o year_n 1634_o in_o the_o low_a country_n between_o france_n and_o spain_n make_v likewise_o great_a number_n of_o merchant_n and_o workman_n come_v into_o holland_n for_o the_o rich_a village_n of_o flanders_n brabant_n and_o the_o country_n beyond_o the_o maese_n be_v ruin_v by_o winter_n quarter_n the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o leave_v they_o because_o the_o most_o trade_a town_n have_v lose_v all_o their_o commerce_n and_o the_o carriage_n of_o good_n be_v liable_a to_o such_o imminent_a danger_n all_o this_o cause_v not_o only_o the_o town_n of_o holland_n to_o grow_v extraordinary_o populous_a but_o double_o increase_v their_o trade_n as_o have_v a_o prodigious_a vent_n for_o almost_o all_o sort_n of_o their_o manufacture_n and_o other_o commodity_n during_o the_o continuance_n of_o that_o war._n but_o after_o all_o nothing_o have_v increase_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o holland_n and_o their_o manufacture_n so_o much_o as_o the_o french_a protestant_n who_o be_v almost_o all_o of_o they_o merchant_n or_o artisan_n and_o come_v thither_o about_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o year_n since_o to_o conclude_v it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v for_o incontestable_a truth_n that_o whenever_o trade_n be_v clog_v or_o constrain_v in_o any_o government_n it_o will_v retire_v to_o other_o where_o it_o may_v have_v great_a safety_n and_o be_v more_o favourable_o use_v which_o happiness_n at_o that_o time_n it_o can_v no_o where_n find_v so_o well_o as_o in_o holland_n have_v here_o clear_o explain_v and_o observe_v the_o principal_a motive_n which_o induce_v so_o many_o merchant_n and_o artisan_n to_o go_v in_o million_o to_o the_o unite_a province_n let_v we_o now_o consider_v what_o their_o commerce_n be_v how_o they_o carry_v it_o on_o and_o a_o country_n produce_v nothing_o necessary_a to_o trade_n and_o navigation_n be_v become_v the_o centre_n of_o both_o for_o holland_n produce_v nothing_o at_o all_o necessary_a except_o butter_n cheese_n and_o clay_n to_o make_v delft_n ware_n or_o other_o eastern_a ware_n and_o this_o be_v well_o worth_a the_o observation_n of_o the_o reader_n that_o be_v any_o way_n verse_v in_o politic_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o origin_n and_o cause_n of_o the_o vast_a trade_n of_o holland_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o some_o manufacture_n be_v set_v up_o in_o several_a place_n of_o holland_n even_o while_o the_o hanse_v town_n command_v all_o the_o trade_n and_o navigation_n of_o europe_n the_o art_n of_o pickle_a herring_n have_v be_v find_v out_o as_o i_o before_o observe_v about_o 250_o year_n ago_o and_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o bruges_n increase_a that_n of_o holland_n though_o it_o be_v but_o then_o inconsiderable_a in_o comparison_n to_o what_o it_o be_v afterward_o by_o the_o destruction_n of_o that_o of_o antwerp_n the_o prodigious_a number_n of_o people_n that_o leave_v the_o low_a country_n together_o with_o the_o vast_a riches_n they_o bring_v thither_o not_o to_o mention_v those_o who_o come_v thither_o from_o other_o country_n where_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n be_v not_o permit_v be_v of_o necessity_n oblige_v to_o trade_n by_o sea_n to_o procure_v for_o themselves_o necessary_n for_o life_n the_o new_a country_n they_o be_v come_v to_o inhabit_v be_v but_o of_o small_a extent_n and_o not_o produce_v near_o what_o they_o have_v a_o absolute_a occasion_n for_o this_o barrenness_n of_o holland_n be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o great_a trade_n we_o see_v carry_v on_o there_o at_o this_o time_n for_o the_o great_a and_o incredible_a number_n of_o people_n who_o flee_v thither_o for_o security_n have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o subsist_v and_o to_o pay_v those_o heavy_a tax_n so_o often_o lay_v upon_o they_o in_o defence_n of_o their_o liberty_n against_o the_o spaniard_n these_o two_o powerful_a motive_n the_o preservation_n of_o life_n and_o liberty_n cause_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n to_o carry_v their_o good_n to_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n where_o they_o have_v any_o prospect_n of_o gain_n about_o the_o year_n 1625_o they_o trade_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o north_n to_o germany_n poland_n muscovy_n england_n to_o the_o spanish_a low_a country_n and_o to_o portugal_n under_o spanish_a colour_n or_o of_o any_o other_o nation_n in_o alliance_n with_o philip_n ii_o but_o the_o spaniard_n afterward_o have_v by_o their_o severity_n and_o vexation_n deter_v the_o dutch_a from_o so_o much_o as_o attempt_v to_o trade_n with_o either_o of_o these_o two_o nation_n find_v to_o their_o no_o small_a loss_n the_o fatal_a consequence_n of_o their_o mistake_a politic_n for_o the_o seaman_n and_o trader_n who_o have_v by_o the_o interruption_n of_o trade_n with_o spain_n and_o portugal_n lose_v all_o manner_n of_o employment_n be_v resolve_v not_o to_o sit_v still_o but_o hazard_v all_o rather_o than_o live_v without_o trading_n with_o this_o resolution_n
hamburgh_n against_o the_o attempt_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o those_o of_o bremen_n against_o the_o swede_n till_o some_o reason_n of_o state_n make_v they_o permit_v the_o last_o to_o fall_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n in_o short_a they_o have_v always_o a_o particular_a care_n not_o to_o suffer_v any_o new_a custom_n or_o impost_n to_o be_v lay_v on_o the_o navigation_n of_o these_o five_o river_n by_o mean_n of_o which_o they_o drive_v such_o a_o advantageous_a trade_n and_o render_v themselves_o so_o formidable_a by_o these_o mean_n they_o have_v extend_v their_o territory_n much_o beyond_o their_o usual_a limit_n and_o have_v be_v for_o six_o year_n together_o entire_a master_n of_o the_o electorate_v of_o cologne_n and_o principality_n of_o liege_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o spanish_a netherlands_o this_o country_n heretofore_o the_o seat_n or_o centre_n of_o a_o prodigious_a trade_n have_v now_o very_o little_a by_o the_o great_a application_n and_o address_n of_o the_o dutch_a and_o particular_o the_o people_n of_o amsterdam_n to_o hinder_v even_o its_o recovery_n again_o in_o flanders_n especial_o at_o antwerp_n in_o the_o truce_n make_v in_o the_o year_n 1609_o the_o spaniard_n will_v have_v oblige_v they_o to_o take_v off_o the_o impost_n they_o lay_v on_o the_o navigation_n of_o the_o scheld_v and_o other_o river_n during_o the_o war_n which_o give_v a_o great_a blow_n to_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o low_a country_n but_o the_o state_n general_n will_v never_o consent_v to_o it_o in_o hope_n entire_o to_o ruin_v the_o commerce_n of_o the_o low_a country_n subject_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o spain_n and_o draw_v it_o to_o themselves_o when_o they_o make_v peace_n with_o spain_n at_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n they_o take_v all_o imaginable_a precaution_n lest_o commerce_n shall_v be_v reestablished_a at_o antwerp_n through_o a_o long_a peace_n not_o doubt_v but_o the_o advantageous_a situation_n of_o that_o city_n for_o trade_n will_v once_o again_o revive_v it_o if_o not_o timely_o obstruct_v they_o stipulate_v then_o that_o they_o shall_v keep_v the_o scheld_v block_v up_o that_o all_o merchandise_n that_o go_v up_o that_o river_n shall_v pay_v certain_a custom_n at_o the_o fort_n of_o ryssel_n and_o that_o ship_n and_o large_a vessel_n shall_v pass_v no_o further_o but_o unlade_v their_o good_n into_o boat_n and_o small_a bark_n to_o carry_v they_o to_o antwerp_n they_o have_v no_o apprehension_n that_o trade_n shall_v ever_o flourish_v again_o at_o bruges_n or_o ghent_n since_o they_o be_v master_n of_o the_o canal_n of_o communication_n of_o sluice_n and_o sas_n van_n ghent_n to_o the_o very_a sea_n i_o be_o very_a well_o satisfy_v the_o dutch_a will_v never_o have_v consent_v to_o a_o peace_n with_o spain_n how_o advantageous_a soever_o it_o may_v be_v have_v they_o not_o see_v it_o in_o their_o power_n to_o hinder_v the_o re-establishment_n of_o commerce_n in_o flanders_n the_o trade_n the_o dutch_a drive_v in_o flanders_n and_o brabant_n both_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v principal_o establish_v at_o antwerp_n ghent_n bruges_n and_o mehclin_n the_o chief_a commodity_n they_o deal_v for_o in_o these_o province_n especial_o in_o the_o town_n of_o antwerp_n brussels_n and_o mechlin_n be_v thread_n and_o lace_n which_o they_o make_v with_o that_o admirable_a beauty_n and_o large_a quantity_n as_o be_v almost_o incredible_a from_o ghent_n and_o bruges_n they_o fetch_v a_o vast_a quantity_n of_o fine_a linen_n of_o all_o sort_n as_o well_o for_o the_o table_n as_o other_o use_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v famous_a for_o serge_n the_o other_o for_o sheep_n leather_n brussels_n and_o audenarde_n for_o tapestry_n where_o a_o long_a while_n since_o begin_v those_o excellent_a manufacture_n that_o give_v birth_n to_o those_o of_o the_o gobelin_n in_o paris_n which_o for_o many_o year_n past_a have_v be_v and_o now_o be_v the_o most_o famous_a workhouse_n in_o the_o world_n to_o these_o town_n they_o send_v their_o own_o manufacture_n of_o stuff_n make_v of_o silk_n and_o wool_n spice_n drug_n coffee_n tea_n chocolate_a and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o muslin_n and_o indian_a stuff_n of_o all_o sort_n to_o this_o one_o may_v add_v the_o trade_n they_o have_v with_o lisle_n tournay_n and_o mons_fw-la of_o which_o they_o have_v make_v themselves_o master_n by_o the_o force_n of_o their_o arm_n and_o those_o of_o the_o high_a ally_n the_o trade_n of_o lisle_n consist_v chief_o in_o a_o sort_n of_o linen_n call_v there_o toil_v baptistes_n and_o baracans_n or_o coarse_a camblet_n the_o dutch_a in_o short_a be_v master_n of_o all_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o low_a country_n and_o that_o with_o all_o the_o liberty_n authority_n and_o ease_n imaginable_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o border_n on_o those_o province_n and_o the_o advantage_n they_o have_v of_o the_o river_n and_o canal_n that_o run_v by_o and_o through_o all_o the_o principal_a town_n and_o wonderful_o facilitate_v the_o carriage_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o good_n from_o one_o to_o another_o with_o great_a expedition_n and_o very_o little_a expense_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o trade_n with_o england_n the_o neighbourhood_n of_o these_o two_o nation_n have_v for_o many_o year_n since_o establish_v a_o mutual_a commerce_n between_o they_o but_o it_o have_v sometime_o be_v interrupt_v in_o the_o usurpation_n of_o cromwell_n the_o parliament_n make_v a_o law_n prohibit_v ever_o nation_n to_o bring_v into_o england_n any_o good_n or_o merchandize_n but_o what_o be_v of_o their_o own_o growth_n and_o manufacture_n this_o prohibition_n be_v principal_o level_v at_o the_o dutch_a who_o country_n produce_v very_o little_o that_o england_n have_v occasion_n for_o and_o have_v not_o then_o any_o thing_n like_o the_o manufacture_n they_o have_v at_o this_o day_n but_o at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v think_v prudent_a not_o to_o let_v those_o people_n grow_v too_o great_a or_o rival_n england_n in_o trade_n however_o the_o english_a i_o believe_v be_v not_o over_o severe_a in_o relation_n to_o the_o importation_n of_o spice_n from_o holland_n the_o dutch_a be_v master_n of_o they_o and_o which_o can_v not_o be_v have_v but_o through_o their_o mean_n the_o dutch_a on_o the_o contrary_a permit_v the_o english_a to_o bring_v into_o their_o port_n all_o sort_n of_o good_n whether_o they_o be_v of_o the_o growth_n of_o england_n or_o not_o the_o english_a bring_v into_o holland_n their_o woollen_a clothes_n of_o their_o own_o manufacture_n and_o other_o stuff_n both_o of_o wool_n and_o silk_n tin_n lead_v vitriol_n pitcoal_n virginia_n tobacco_n barbadoes_n sugar_n and_o other_o sugar_n of_o america_n the_o woollen_a manufacture_n that_o come_v from_o england_n into_o holland_n be_v the_o chief_a article_n of_o that_o trade_n their_o stuff_n sell_v ready_o stranger_n and_o particular_o the_o german_n come_v to_o buy_v they_o at_o first_o the_o english_a keep_v their_o store-house_n for_o cloth_n at_o middlebourg_n in_o zealand_n then_o at_o delst_n after_o that_o at_o rotterdam_n and_o now_o at_o dort_n the_o magistrate_n have_v grant_v they_o privilege_n for_o that_o very_a purpose_n there_o be_v certain_a day_n when_o they_o open_v their_o store_n to_o every_o body_n but_o they_o general_o open_v they_o when_o they_o have_v receive_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o cloth_n and_o they_o give_v notice_n some_o time_n before_o by_o circular_a letter_n lead_v and_o tin_n which_o the_o english_a carry_v to_o holland_n next_o to_o their_o cloth_n and_o stuff_n make_v the_o most_o considerable_a article_n the_o tade_n of_o the_o english_a with_o the_o dutch_a be_v carry_v on_o by_o the_o mouse_n the_o passage_n from_o england_n be_v very_o easy_a but_o i_o believe_v their_o good_n sell_v best_o at_o aâ—sterdam_n they_o take_v from_o the_o dutch_a their_o fine_a linen_n in_o payment_n and_o canvas_n for_o sail_n as_o also_o great_a quantity_n of_o paper_n since_o that_o republic_n have_v set_v up_o that_o manufacture_n and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o silk_n of_o their_o make_n especial_o when_o the_o english_a prohibit_v trade_n with_o france_n the_o scotch_a since_o the_o year_n 1612_o have_v set_v up_o a_o glass-house_n in_o zealand_n where_o they_o make_v glass_n much_o after_o the_o english_a way_n they_o bring_v thither_o great_a quantity_n of_o coal_n but_o not_o near_o so_o good_a as_o the_o english_a several_a woollen_a stuff_n of_o their_o own_o manufacture_n and_o particular_o worsted_n stocking_n and_o if_o i_o be_o not_o mistake_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o ox_n and_o cow_n hide_v calf_n and_o sheep_n leather_n dog_n and_o rabbit_n skin_n as_o also_o lead_v and_o tallow_n the_o irish_a have_v no_o storehouse_n in_o all_o holland_n their_o great_a trade_n be_v from_o dublin_n cork_n and_o waverfard_n where_fw-mi they_o transport_v to_o holland_n pickle_a beef_n in_o barrel_n butter_n
subject_n to_o philip._n the_o merchant_n and_o seaman_n that_o be_v employ_v in_o that_o trade_n after_o it_o thus_o expire_v take_v a_o resolution_n to_o look_v out_o for_o those_o good_n in_o asia_n africa_n and_o america_n which_o they_o use_v to_o have_v from_o sevill_n and_o lisbon_n and_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o rise_v of_o that_o republic_n and_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o spanish_a monarchy_n philip_n the_o three_o have_v succeed_v his_o father_n philip_z the_o second_o in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n 1598._o see_v plain_o that_o all_o endeavour_n that_o be_v use_v to_o bring_v the_o dutch_a to_o a_o peace_n prove_v ineffectual_a resolve_v to_o forbid_v they_o all_o manner_n of_o trade_n whatsoever_o with_o his_o subject_n hope_v that_o by_o take_v away_o that_o which_o support_v they_o to_o that_o time_n in_o their_o war_n they_o will_v have_v no_o mind_n to_o continue_v it_o when_o they_o shall_v see_v themselves_o deprive_v of_o such_o support_n it_o be_v visible_a that_o all_o the_o riches_n of_o holland_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o navigation_n and_o trade_n and_o that_o their_o great_a traffic_n be_v with_o spain_n whither_o they_o not_o only_o carry_v the_o merchandise_n of_o their_o own_o state_n but_o corn_n from_o poland_n and_o other_o northern_a country_n that_o they_o may_v in_o exchange_n carry_v home_o vast_a quantity_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n philip_n the_o three_o execute_v his_o edict_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o severity_n a_o very_a exact_a search_n be_v make_v all_o over_o spain_n for_o dutch_a merchant_n and_o sailor_n some_o of_o which_o be_v condemn_v to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n and_o the_o galley_n other_o be_v cruel_o put_v to_o death_n by_o several_a kind_n of_o torture_n this_o interdiction_n of_o commerce_n be_v likewise_o pulish_v in_o the_o low_a country_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o princess_n isabel_n who_o be_v at_o that_o time_n their_o sovereign_n the_o state_n general_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v not_o content_v with_o bare_o prohibit_v all_o commerce_n with_o spain_n they_o likewise_o forbid_v all_o other_o nation_n bring_v into_o their_o country_n any_o provision_n or_o other_o commodity_n whatsoever_o from_o spain_n declare_v that_o all_o that_o do_v so_o shall_v be_v esteem_v spanish_a partisan_n and_o be_v treat_v as_o enemy_n a_o copy_n of_o this_o declaration_n of_o the_o states-general_n be_v send_v to_o all_o prince_n that_o they_o may_v not_o pretend_v ignorance_n france_n come_v into_o the_o dutch_a scheme_n and_o declare_v that_o if_o after_o 6_o month_n any_o of_o her_o subject_n shall_v trade_v with_o spain_n they_o will_v in_o so_o do_v expose_v themselves_o to_o such_o inconvenience_n as_o the_o crown_n will_v not_o concern_v itself_o to_o remedy_n and_o the_o other_o power_n likewise_o acquiesce_v to_o this_o bold_a declaration_n notwithstanding_o these_o severe_a prohibition_n of_o the_o spaniard_n the_o dutch_a as_o before_o trade_v to_o all_o the_o spanish_a country_n by_o mean_n of_o passport_n the_o spaniard_n themselves_o give_v they_o for_o money_n which_o they_o often_o want_v to_o carry_v on_o their_o affair_n in_o short_a the_o truce_n of_o twelve_o year_n be_v conclude_v between_o spain_n and_o the_o unite_a province_n in_o the_o year_n 1609_o and_o by_o it_o the_o freedom_n of_o trade_n be_v reestablished_a between_o the_o two_o nation_n and_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o trader_n of_o each_o nation_n shall_v pay_v no_o great_a duty_n than_o the_o inhabitant_n or_o ally_n of_o such_o nation_n who_o pay_v the_o low_a custom_n and_o that_o the_o dutch_a may_v be_v secure_v from_o apprehend_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o inquisition_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o they_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o same_o liberty_n as_o be_v stipulate_v to_o the_o english_a some_o time_n before_o in_o the_o article_n of_o the_o treaty_n of_o velasco_n which_o the_o constable_n of_o castille_n have_v make_v with_o the_o crown_n of_o spain_n and_o england_n the_o war_n that_o be_v revive_v in_o the_o year_n 1621._o after_o the_o expiration_n of_o that_o truce_n interrupt_v the_o trade_n of_o both_o nation_n till_o the_o year_n 1648_o when_o they_o conclude_v a_o perpetual_a peace_n at_o munster_n and_o from_o that_o time_n the_o trade_n the_o dutch_a drove_n with_o spain_n become_v much_o more_o considerable_a than_o ever_o by_o reason_n of_o those_o privilege_n that_o crown_v yield_v to_o they_o in_o that_o treaty_n those_o great_a advantage_n they_o offer_v the_o unite_a province_n be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a mean_n they_o make_v use_v of_o to_o draw_v the_o state_n from_o the_o french_a interest_n and_o to_o make_v a_o separate_a peace_n with_o they_o and_o which_o in_o effect_n be_v the_o save_n of_o that_o monarchy_n the_o dutch_a trade_n with_o spain_n continue_v from_o that_o time_n till_o now_o that_o be_v till_o the_o break_n out_o of_o this_o present_a war_n which_o begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1702_o on_o account_n of_o the_o partition_n treaty_n which_o be_v design_v to_o exclude_v philip_n v._o the_o present_a king_n from_o succeed_a charles_n ii_o who_o lawful_a heir_n and_o successor_n he_o be_v it_o be_v worth_a while_n to_o observe_v how_o reason_n of_o state_n have_v unite_v these_o two_o nation_n the_o most_o averse_a to_o each_o other_o in_o the_o world_n and_o who_o hatred_n especial_o that_o of_o the_o spaniard_n seem_v irreconciliable_a the_o spaniard_n favour_v the_o dutch_a in_o their_o trade_n as_o much_o as_o they_o possible_o can_v particular_o since_o the_o year_n 1667_o in_o hope_n to_o have_v ruin_v that_o of_o the_o french_a and_o they_o be_v not_o unsuccessful_a in_o that_o respect_n but_o the_o dutch_a trade_n never_o flourish_v so_o much_o in_o spain_n as_o since_o the_o war_n between_o france_n and_o holland_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1672_o to_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o present_a war_n for_o they_o not_o only_o furnish_v the_o spaniard_n with_o such_o good_n as_o they_o use_v to_o have_v from_o france_n but_o furnish_v themselves_o likewise_o from_o spain_n with_o what_o france_n use_v to_o supply_v they_o with_o before_o the_o several_a war_n of_o 1672_o and_o 1690._o the_o dutch_a trade_v very_o much_o to_o all_o those_o place_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o spain_n as_o flanders_n and_o brabant_n etc._n etc._n before_o this_o present_a war_n and_o which_o she_o have_v now_o lose_v as_o well_o as_o those_o which_o the_o french_a lose_v some_o time_n after_o that_o be_v to_o say_v during_o the_o three_o last_v campaign_n but_o their_o chief_a trade_n of_o all_o be_v that_o of_o cadiz_n and_o in_o the_o mediterranean_a be_v in_o that_o famous_a port_n of_o spain_n where_o the_o galleon_n be_v equipt_v out_o for_o peru_n and_o the_o flotilla_n for_o mexico_n and_o new_a spain_n and_o which_o return_n thither_o with_o their_o rich_a lade_n from_o those_o empire_n and_o bring_v almost_o all_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n we_o see_v in_o europe_n however_o though_o the_o spaniard_n be_v the_o master_n of_o those_o country_n where_o gold_n and_o silver_n grow_v in_o such_o abundance_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o true_a that_o they_o have_v less_o of_o either_o than_o those_o nation_n that_o trade_n with_o they_o which_o show_v that_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n contribute_v much_o less_o to_o the_o enrich_n of_o a_o country_n than_o trade_n and_o commerce_n what_o follow_v be_v a_o true_a account_n of_o the_o good_n and_o merchandise_n the_o dutch_a use_v to_o carry_v into_o spain_n and_o bring_v thence_o before_o the_o last_o rupture_n that_o which_o they_o import_v consist_v chief_o of_o linen_n of_o all_o sort_n woollen_a stuff_n a_o great_a number_n of_o silk_n gold_n and_o silver_n stuff_v drug_n spice_n small_a iron_n wares_n mast_n and_o timber_n the_o linen_n bring_v into_o spain_n by_o foreigner_n ever_o be_v look_v on_o as_o the_o most_o considerable_a article_n of_o that_o trade_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o vast_a consumption_n both_o in_o spain_n and_o america_n the_o french_a furnish_v the_o spaniard_n a_o long_a time_n with_o this_o commodity_n i_o believe_v i_o shall_v not_o exceed_v the_o truth_n by_o affirm_v that_o this_o only_a article_n of_o the_o french_a commerce_n amount_v every_o year_n to_o about_o eight_o million_o of_o livre_n the_o linen_n that_o the_o dutch_a bring_v into_o spain_n be_v general_o of_o the_o fine_a sort_n that_o be_v make_v in_o overissel_n and_o about_o dovay_n and_o valenciennes_n they_o sell_v they_o in_o spain_n by_o the_o name_n of_o lawn_n and_o cambric_n they_o vend_v likewise_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o linen_n call_v perseilles_n and_o brabant_n it_o be_v very_o broad_a and_o coarse_a and_o serve_v the_o poor_a sort_n of_o people_n to_o wrap_v up_o good_n in_o beside_o this_o they_o sell_v a_o world_n of_o fine_a and_o coarse_a
east_n except_o japan_n where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o mine_n of_o silver_n than_o in_o all_o the_o country_n of_o europe_n that_o which_o come_v to_o we_o from_o new_a spain_n be_v dug_n out_o of_o the_o mine_n of_o st._n lewis_n de_fw-fr zacatecas_n some_o league_n from_o mexico_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o that_o empire_n peru_n chili_n and_o the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o grenada_n be_v the_o three_o country_n that_o produce_v the_o most_o gold_n these_o be_v the_o several_a mine_n of_o these_o two_o valuable_a metal_n and_o where_o every_o day_n they_o make_v new_a discovery_n which_o make_v all_o the_o nation_n of_o europe_n so_o eager_a to_o trade_n with_o the_o spaniard_n in_o reality_n this_o commerce_n be_v the_o most_o profitable_a the_o return_v be_v always_o in_o gold_n and_o silver_n pearl_n emerald_n quinquina_fw-la and_o laine_v de_fw-fr vigogne_n come_v with_o the_o galleon_n for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o fish_n for_o pearl_n near_o the_o terra_fw-la firma_n the_o mine_n of_o emerald_n be_v near_o santa_n fe_o de_fw-fr bagota_n in_o new_a granada_n laines_n de_fw-fr vigogne_n come_v from_o potosi_n quinquina_fw-la from_o the_o province_n of_o quillio_n which_o be_v likewise_o in_o peru._n cochineal_n indigo_n cocoa_n vanilles_n and_o the_o wood_n of_o campechy_a general_o from_o new_a spain_n or_o mexico_n the_o province_n of_o guatimala_n afford_v the_o best_a cochineal_n which_o they_o call_v there_o meteq_n and_o be_v the_o best_a and_o dear_a of_o all_o there_o be_v a_o prodigious_a quantity_n consume_v all_o over_o europe_n in_o die_v scarlet_a there_o be_v no_o less_o a_o consumption_n of_o indigo_n for_o die_v blue_n the_o best_a if_o i_o mistake_v not_o come_v from_o guatimala_n the_o wood_n of_o campechy_a which_o be_v use_v in_o die_v black_n come_v from_o jacatan_n cocoa_n and_o varnilles_n be_v two_o fruit_n with_o which_o they_o make_v chocolate_a the_o first_o come_v general_o from_o the_o island_n curazao_n miracuebo_fw-la and_o gayaquil_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o terra_n firma_n and_o the_o other_o from_o ducapello_n and_o mexico_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o south-sea_n the_o tobacco_n we_o have_v from_o spain_n come_v from_o vernia_n miracuebo_fw-la the_o havana_n and_o st._n domingo_n i_o think_v that_o which_o come_v from_o the_o havana_n be_v best_a to_o make_v snuff_n of_o the_o other_o to_o smoak_n their_o leather_n come_v general_o from_o mexico_n the_o island_n of_o st._n domingo_n the_o havana_n curazao_n and_o buenos_n air_n and_o be_v by_o much_o the_o best_a of_o any_o and_o most_o valuable_a tobacco_n and_o leather_n make_v a_o great_a article_n in_o the_o spanish_a trade_n and_o the_o dutch_a take_v off_o vast_a quantity_n i_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o sarsaparilla_n the_o roâ—…_n contrayerva_n the_o balsam_n of_o peru_n and_o other_o small_a article_n that_o come_v to_o we_o from_o the_o new_a world_n the_o principal_a merchandise_n of_o their_o own_o growth_n that_o the_o spaniard_n furnish_v these_o country_n with_o be_v wool_n wine_n fruit_n oil_n soap_n salt_n soude_z or_o kalt_n iron_n and_o steel_n the_o spanish_a wool_n be_v ever_o in_o high_a esteem_n on_o account_n of_o its_o fineness_n and_o excellency_n there_o be_v however_o great_a difference_n the_o best_a come_v from_o the_o province_n of_o andalusia_n valentia_n castille_n arragon_n and_o biscay_n the_o dutch_a when_o they_o have_v a_o free_a trade_n with_o spain_n take_v off_o vast_a quantity_n it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a in_o their_o manufacture_n of_o cloth_n the_o french_a italian_n and_o even_o the_o english_a themselves_o lie_v out_o considerable_a sum_n in_o this_o commodity_n so_o that_o it_o may_v true_o be_v say_v that_o the_o spanish_a wool_n be_v the_o great_a article_n in_o their_o trade_n on_o this_o side_n the_o southern_a part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n produce_v great_a quantity_n of_o excellent_a red_a and_o white_a wine_n the_o chief_a port_n where_o these_o wine_n be_v ship_v off_o to_o foreign_a part_n be_v alicant_n and_o malaga_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a much_o more_o red_a than_o white_n come_v from_o port_n st._n marry_o port_n real_a st._n lucar_n and_o rosa_n in_o the_o bay_n of_o cadiz_n but_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wine_n that_o grow_v about_o that_o bay_n be_v white_a and_o be_v common_o call_v xere_n wine_n the_o dutch_a lie_v out_o large_a sum_n in_o these_o wine_n as_o well_o as_o in_o canaryand_n brandy_n since_o they_o buy_v none_o of_o the_o french_a the_o spaniard_n since_o this_o war_n have_v sell_v much_o more_o wine_n than_o before_o for_o whereas_o during_o the_o peace_n in_o the_o year_n 1691._o the_o duty_n run_v only_o for_o 3000_o butt_n they_o have_v since_o rise_v to_o 16000_o the_o dutch_a take_v off_o likewise_o abundance_n of_o olive_n from_o the_o island_n of_o majorca_n as_o well_o as_o from_o sevil_n and_o malaga_n beside_o great_a quantity_n of_o fig_n raisin_n almond_n and_o other_o dry_a fruit_n i_o have_v be_v well_o inform_v that_o there_o be_v scarce_o a_o year_n but_o they_o lade_v five_o or_o six_o ship_n with_o these_o good_n include_v orange_n lemon_n and_o caper_n the_o soap_n of_o alicant_n and_o carthagena_n be_v always_o esteem_v the_o best_a of_o any_o soude_z or_o kalt_n which_o be_v a_o herb_n that_o turn_v to_o a_o kind_n of_o stone_n after_o be_v burn_v and_o which_o be_v use_v in_o make_v soap_n and_o grass_n grow_v in_o large_a quantity_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o valencia_n and_o murcia_n and_o foreigner_n take_v off_o a_o great_a deal_n from_o both_o place_n the_o dutch_a be_v wont_a to_o lay_v out_o great_a sum_n with_o the_o spaniard_n for_o iron_n and_o spanish_a salt_n there_o be_v a_o world_n of_o this_o salt_n all_o round_a about_o the_o bay_n of_o cadiz_n and_o the_o island_n of_o iva_n iron_n be_v the_o product_n of_o biscay_n and_o navarre_n and_o as_o there_o be_v no_o better_a in_o europe_n so_o for_o that_o very_a reason_n there_o be_v every_o year_n a_o great_a consumption_n of_o this_o necessary_a metal_n the_o dutch_a every_o year_n employ_v in_o the_o cadiz_n trade_n about_o thirty_o sail_n of_o ship_n beside_o those_o that_o unlade_v themselves_o at_o that_o port_n and_o continue_v their_o course_n to_o the_o strait_n they_o tell_v you_o that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o departure_n and_o arrival_n of_o the_o galleon_n the_o number_n of_o the_o dutch_a vessel_n that_o trade_n to_o cadiz_n common_o increase_v to_o 15_o or_o 20._o the_o ship_n that_o trade_n to_o cadiz_n except_o those_o lade_v with_o corn_n go_v always_o without_o convoy_n though_o their_o artillery_n and_o lade_n be_v very_o considerable_a which_o make_v other_o nation_n often_o put_v their_o good_n aboard_o these_o vessel_n as_o well_o for_o safety_n as_o cheapness_n of_o freight_n they_o pretend_v that_o the_o dutch_a receive_v every_o return_n of_o the_o flotilla_n and_o galleon_n about_o five_o million_o for_o good_n send_v to_o the_o 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which_o they_o consume_v great_a quantity_n in_o those_o place_n as_o well_o as_o in_o other_o province_n on_o the_o sea_n coast_n they_o bring_v much_o the_o same_o good_n to_o st._n sebastian_n as_o bilbao_n which_o be_v again_o send_v into_o navarre_n the_o country_n of_o guipuscoa_n the_o astury_n etc._n etc._n from_o all_o this_o side_n of_o the_o country_n the_o commodity_n to_o be_v export_v be_v wool_n from_o arragon_n navarre_n and_o old_a castille_n excellent_a iron_n from_o guipuscoa_n where_o the_o iron_n mine_n chief_o be_v nut_n chestnut_n lemon_n orange_n anchovy_n from_o calica_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o spain_n which_o be_v wash_v by_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n be_v chief_o at_o malaga_n cartagena_n alicant_n valentia_n almarica_n and_o majorca_n etc._n etc._n which_o afford_v all_o the_o commodity_n i_o speak_v of_o above_o to_o wit_n wine_n oil_n olive_n
from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o golconda_n cinnamon_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n and_o the_o island_n of_o sumatra_n and_o java_n cloves_n and_o nutmeg_n from_o the_o isle_n of_o ceylan_n from_o the_o molucca_n island_n indigo_n from_o amphion_n cotton_n silk_n lacca_n and_o agate_n from_o the_o great_a mogul_n country_n silk_n weave_v and_o raw_a gold_n stuff_v and_o carpet_n rhubarb_n sena_n and_o other_o drug_n from_o persia_n myrrh_n frankincense_n manna_n balsam_n of_o arabia_n gold_n ivory_n tiger_n skin_n bezoar_n and_o african_a lion_n skin_n section_n iii_o of_o the_o mean_n the_o dutch_a take_v to_o establish_v themselves_o in_o the_o indies_n the_o dutch_a for_o many_o year_n furnish_v themselves_o with_o all_o these_o rich_a commodity_n i_o mention_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n at_o lisbon_n where_o they_o sufficient_o abound_v but_o the_o crown_n of_o portugal_n in_o the_o year_n 1580_o be_v unite_v to_o that_o of_o castille_n the_o severity_n they_o some_o time_n after_o suffer_v in_o the_o spanish_a dominion_n under_o philip_n ii_o oblige_v they_o to_o abandon_v that_o trade_n and_o be_v the_o real_a cause_n of_o put_v they_o on_o that_o great_a undertake_n of_o go_v themselves_o to_o the_o indies_n and_o there_o to_o furnish_v themselves_o direct_o with_o those_o very_a commodity_n they_o use_v before_o to_o have_v from_o portugal_n the_o insuperable_a difficulty_n of_o this_o great_a enterprise_n deter_v they_o a_o long_a while_n and_o they_o know_v not_o in_o the_o least_o the_o navigation_n of_o those_o vast_a sea_n they_o be_v to_o sail_v over_o and_o be_v as_o much_o stranger_n to_o the_o language_n genius_n and_o commerce_n of_o the_o indian_n the_o portugueze_v always_o keep_v these_o thing_n very_o close_o and_o private_a from_o the_o rest_n of_o europe_n but_o nothing_o trouble_v they_o so_o much_o as_o the_o portugueze_v man_n of_o war_n and_o other_o ship_n that_o be_v continual_o sail_v every_o where_n on_o those_o sea_n and_o which_o they_o believe_v they_o can_v not_o possible_o avoid_v to_o surmount_v this_o difficulty_n they_o endeavour_v to_o open_v a_o passage_n into_o china_n and_o the_o indies_n through_o the_o north_n but_o the_o insuperable_a obstacle_n they_o meet_v with_o by_o reason_n of_o those_o prodigious_a rock_n of_o ice_n in_o the_o white_a or_o freeze_a sea_n make_v they_o abandon_v that_o project_n as_o too_o dangerous_a in_o short_a they_o take_v up_o a_o resolution_n to_o take_v the_o same_o rout_n as_o the_o portugueze_n and_o according_o some_o of_o the_o most_o resolute_a merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n and_o zealand_n fit_v out_o from_o the_o texel_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o month_n of_o april_n in_o the_o year_n 1559_o four_o vessel_n lade_v with_o good_n for_o the_o east_n indies_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o precaution_n they_o take_v in_o this_o voyage_n they_o find_v many_o rub_n lay_v in_o their_o way_n especial_o by_o the_o portugueze_n who_o do_v all_o they_o can_v to_o starve_v they_o but_o for_o all_o that_o three_o of_o these_o ship_n one_o of_o which_o by_o the_o sailor_n negligence_n they_o be_v force_v to_o abandon_v arrive_v in_o holland_n in_o the_o month_n of_o august_n 1561._o this_o prove_v at_o least_o a_o save_a voyage_n for_o those_o that_o be_v concern_v in_o it_o make_v they_o hope_n for_o better_a success_n for_o the_o future_a and_o upon_o this_o foundation_n they_o begin_v to_o form_v several_a company_n in_o holland_n to_o carry_v on_o the_o indian_a commerce_n nothing_o contribute_v so_o much_o to_o their_o happy_a success_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o trade_n as_o the_o favourable_a reception_n they_o meet_v with_o from_o several_a indian_a prince_n secret_a enemy_n to_o the_o portugueze_v on_o account_n of_o their_o pride_n tyranny_n and_o indiscreet_a zeal_n of_o their_o missionary_n which_o raise_v they_o a_o great_a number_n of_o enemy_n who_o for_o a_o long_a time_n only_o wait_v for_o a_o opportunity_n to_o declare_v themselves_o against_o they_o a_o english_a gentleman_n who_o integrity_n can_v be_v question_v say_v that_o the_o dutch_a conduct_n be_v very_o prudent_a never_o undertake_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o indian_n from_o who_o they_o never_o exact_v any_o contribution_n as_o the_o portugueze_n do_v but_o only_o content_v themselves_o with_o establish_v their_o own_o commerce_n and_o ruine_v that_o of_o the_o portugueze_n these_o several_a dutch_a company_n trade_v separately_z to_o the_o indies_n till_o the_o year_n 1602_o when_o the_o state_n general_n judge_v it_o proper_a to_o unite_v they_o that_o they_o may_v be_v in_o a_o better_a condition_n to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o the_o spaniard_n and_o portugueze_n and_o to_o attack_v they_o if_o occasion_n so_o require_v out_o of_o these_o several_a company_n be_v form_v that_o general_a east_n india_n company_n which_o alone_o for_o twenty_o year_n together_o can_v carry_v on_o the_o navigation_n beyond_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n and_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n their_o stock_n which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o about_o 6500000_o florin_n or_o guilder_n be_v so_o well_o manage_v by_o these_o able_a merchant_n that_o they_o have_v entire_o destroy_v the_o great_a empire_n and_o commerce_n of_o the_o portugueze_v in_o the_o indies_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o both_o and_o found_v on_o their_o ruin_n a_o state_n who_o power_n may_v vie_v with_o that_o of_o their_o republic_n in_o europe_n the_o dutch_a who_o settle_v first_o in_o the_o indies_n content_v themselves_o to_o stand_v on_o the_o defensive_a against_o the_o portugueze_n whenever_o they_o attack_v they_o but_o see_v with_o all_o their_o policy_n and_o address_n they_o can_v never_o obtain_v of_o they_o permission_n to_o trade_v quiet_o to_o the_o indies_n the_o general_n company_n resolve_v to_o attack_v they_o as_o brisk_o in_o their_o turn_n and_o put_v themselves_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o repel_v force_n by_o force_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1605_o they_o seize_v upon_o the_o fortress_n the_o portugueze_n have_v in_o the_o island_n of_o amboina_fw-la this_o be_v the_o first_o solid_a foot_v the_o company_n get_v in_o the_o indies_n and_o that_o island_n to_o this_o very_a day_n be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a government_n the_o company_n have_v in_o those_o part_n this_o first_o conquest_n be_v follow_v by_o that_o of_o the_o other_o molucca_n island_n and_o consequent_o make_v they_o master_n of_o the_o spice_n the_o rich_a and_o most_o important_a commerce_n of_o any_o in_o the_o world_n they_o have_v a_o intention_n in_o the_o year_n 1606_o to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o important_a place_n of_o malacca_n but_o the_o obstinate_a resistance_n they_o find_v there_o make_v they_o lay_v aside_o the_o execution_n of_o that_o enterprise_n till_o another_o opportunity_n the_o spaniard_n find_v by_o experience_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o drive_v the_o dutch_a out_o of_o the_o indies_n by_o force_n offer_v to_o make_v peace_n with_o they_o and_o acknowledge_v they_o a_o free_a people_n if_o they_o will_v abandon_v the_o india_n trade_n how_o great_a soever_o these_o offer_n be_v they_o make_v no_o manner_n of_o impression_n on_o the_o dutch_a who_o peremptory_o refuse_v they_o and_o rather_o choose_v to_o continue_v a_o long_a war_n as_o it_o prove_v to_o be_v and_o which_o they_o enter_v into_o only_o to_o obtain_v their_o liberty_n which_o be_v then_o offer_v to_o they_o on_o such_o hard_a condition_n than_o to_o abandon_v the_o east_n india_n trade_n and_o they_o do_v not_o sign_v the_o truce_n in_o the_o year_n 1609_o but_o on_o condition_n they_o shall_v trade_v free_o to_o the_o east_n indies_n in_o all_o the_o place_n they_o use_v to_o do_v during_o the_o war._n though_o the_o company_n be_v oblige_v to_o continue_v the_o war_n in_o the_o indies_n the_o spaniard_n so_o ill_o observe_v the_o truce_n yet_o that_o do_v no_o way_n hinder_v they_o from_o 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family_n which_o be_v a_o very_a considerable_a expense_n he_o have_v a_o key_n to_o every_o magazine_n and_o can_v take_v out_o what_o he_o will_v without_o give_v a_o account_n to_o any_o one_o it_o may_v be_v say_v his_o authority_n in_o some_o sort_n will_v equal_v that_o of_o the_o late_a prince_n of_o orange_n be_v it_o not_o in_o the_o be_v power_n to_o revoke_v it_o when_o they_o please_v for_o in_o effect_n he_o be_v stadtholder_n captain_n general_n and_o high_a admiral_n of_o the_o indies_n his_o court_n be_v more_o pompous_a his_o train_n more_o magnificent_a than_o be_v that_o of_o those_o prince_n and_o surpass_v even_o some_o king_n in_o europe_n when_o he_o go_v out_o 50_o horse_n guard_n go_v before_o his_o coach_n which_o be_v follow_v by_o a_o fine_a company_n of_o foot_n 12_o page_n walk_v of_o each_o side_n of_o his_o coach_n and_o all_o very_o rich_o and_o magnificent_o dress_v when_o he_o give_v audience_n to_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o indian_a king_n be_v with_o extraordinary_a pomp_n and_o splendour_n all_o which_o serve_v very_o much_o to_o gain_v admiration_n and_o respect_n from_o the_o people_n of_o asia_n who_o be_v mighty_o take_v with_o outward_a show_n and_o finery_n in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v few_o king_n in_o europe_n who_o make_v so_o splendid_a a_o figure_n and_o appearance_n as_o his_o governor_n general_n especial_o if_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o good_a sense_n for_o than_o it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o govern_v the_o council_n as_o he_o please_v the_o world_n have_v see_v a_o example_n of_o this_o in_o the_o person_n of_o monsieur_n speelman_n who_o do_v every_o thing_n after_o his_o own_o way_n make_v war_n and_o peace_n when_o he_o please_v and_o the_o be_v general_a that_o stand_v in_o awe_n of_o he_o approve_v of_o every_o thing_n he_o do_v the_o director_n general_n who_o be_v the_o second_o person_n of_o the_o council_n of_o state_n in_o the_o indies_n have_v every_o thing_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o be_v 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governor_n of_o ternate_a the_o governor_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o ceylan_n and_o the_o governor_n of_o malacca_n i_o have_v be_v assure_v that_o those_o six_o governor_n be_v all_o absolute_a in_o their_o respective_a province_n and_o that_o they_o can_v be_v displace_v by_o the_o council_n of_o batavia_n the_o particular_a governor_n of_o all_o the_o place_n from_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n be_v call_v commander_n i_o do_v know_v if_o the_o council_n of_o batavia_n have_v the_o nomination_n of_o they_o or_o the_o assembly_n of_o seventeen_o however_o i_o be_o certain_a that_o the_o assembly_n nominate_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n the_o general_n and_o his_o council_n choose_v all_o the_o commissioner_n merchant_n and_o subaltern_n officer_n however_o if_o any_o one_o be_v recommend_v by_o the_o sharer_n they_o take_v care_n to_o provide_v for_o he_o very_o well_o beside_o the_o council_n of_o state_n at_o batavia_n there_o be_v a_o council_n of_o 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1688_o which_o he_o make_v to_o the_o states-general_n touch_v the_o posture_n of_o the_o be_v affair_n in_o the_o indies_n i_o be_o principal_o move_v to_o make_v this_o secret_a and_o important_a piece_n public_a to_o justify_v in_o some_o measure_n what_o i_o have_v say_v in_o relation_n to_o the_o indian_a trade_n if_o any_o one_o doubt_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o though_o the_o dutch_a take_v all_o imaginable_a care_n to_o hide_v and_o keep_v secret_a every_o thing_n that_o relate_v to_o their_o trade_n in_o the_o indies_n and_o which_o pass_v with_o they_o for_o a_o secret_a of_o state_n chap._n xu._n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o dutch_a company_n in_o the_o west-indies_n after_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o trade_n the_o dutch_a have_v in_o the_o east-indies_n i_o shall_v finish_v this_o treatise_n of_o commerce_n with_o what_o trade_n the_o indian_a company_n have_v on_o the_o western_a coast_n of_o america_n and_o other_o place_n the_o portugueze_n be_v master_n of_o all_o 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a_o place_n very_o considerable_a for_o traffic_n the_o african_n who_o agree_v better_o with_o these_o new_a trader_n than_o with_o the_o portugueze_n flock_v thither_o from_o all_o part_n the_o dutch_a trade_n at_o length_n increase_v so_o considerable_o all_o along_o the_o coast_n of_o guinea_n that_o before_o the_o truce_n of_o the_o year_n 1609_o it_o employ_v above_o 20_o large_a vessel_n beside_o above_o 100_o of_o small_a burden_n that_o be_v constant_o employ_v in_o the_o trade_n of_o cape_n verde_n and_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n the_o portugueze_v not_o be_v able_a to_o suffer_v that_o any_o one_o shall_v partake_v of_o this_o trade_n beside_o themselves_o forget_v nothing_o that_o may_v exclude_v the_o dutch_a even_o to_o put_v a_o price_n upon_o their_o head_n they_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n to_o secure_v themselves_o from_o these_o persecution_n of_o the_o portugueze_n in_o the_o year_n 1612_o build_v with_o leave_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sabon_n a_o fort_n near_o 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to_o the_o company_n from_o this_o trade_n i_o shall_v come_v to_o that_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bengal_n this_o kingdom_n be_v a_o country_n of_o the_o indies_n on_o the_o terra_fw-la firma_n and_o the_o company_n have_v here_o several_a storehouse_n to_o carry_v on_o their_o trade_n which_o consist_v chief_o in_o sell_v spice_n copper_n tin_n lead_v quicksilver_n and_o other_o thing_n which_o they_o sell_v at_o a_o great_a advantage_n but_o yet_o in_o continual_a danger_n to_o be_v molest_v by_o the_o moor_n in_o power_n who_o avarice_n be_v so_o exorbitant_a that_o it_o cost_v the_o company_n every_o year_n to_o keep_v they_o in_o temper_n vast_a sum_n of_o money_n in_o present_n which_o be_v send_v private_o to_o they_o as_o the_o only_a remedy_n against_o this_o dangerous_a evil_n since_o the_o be_v interest_n be_v to_o live_v in_o peace_n and_o not_o break_v with_o a_o people_n from_o who_o they_o gain_v such_o considerable_a advantage_n in_o trade_n which_o they_o will_v run_v the_o hazard_n of_o lose_v shall_v they_o take_v up_o arm_n to_o maintain_v the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o commerce_n and_o which_o will_v not_o always_o square_a with_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o company_n and_o therefore_o as_o long_o as_o the_o moor_n of_o bengal_n shall_v not_o exact_v more_o than_o what_o be_v usual_a to_o give_v they_o will_v be_v better_a to_o let_v thing_n rest_v as_o they_o be_v this_o method_n to_o i_o seem_v the_o most_o secure_a and_o certain_a for_o the_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n of_o the_o company_n by_o the_o last_o advice_n from_o bengal_n before_o we_o leave_v the_o indies_n we_o hear_v that_o the_o fleet_n call_v strion_n come_v from_o malacca_n and_o which_o have_v on_o board_n mounseur_fw-fr nicholas_n st._n kayen_n councillor_n extraordinary_n and_o new_a director_n in_o the_o strait_n of_o bengal_n run_v aground_o though_o in_o pretty_a fair_a wether_n on_o the_o shoal_n of_o isagli_n near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n and_o 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in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n 1695_o to_o commandel_n to_o pursue_v the_o execution_n of_o his_o commission_n coromandel_n be_v very_o near_a bengal_n and_o where_o the_o company_n have_v affair_n of_o high_a importance_n for_o beside_o the_o town_n of_o negapatan_n situate_v on_o the_o southside_n of_o coromandel_n which_o our_o people_n take_v from_o the_o portugueze_n the_o company_n have_v in_o possession_n the_o fort_n of_o gueldria_n where_o the_o governor_n reside_v and_o the_o storehouse_n or_o magazine_n of_o guenapatam_n sadrespatam_n malispatam_n pelicol_n datskorom_n beulispatam_n nagurnantie_n and_o golconda_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o trade_n in_o those_o several_a place_n which_o consist_v chief_o in_o calico_n as_o also_o in_o the_o sale_n of_o several_a commodity_n our_o people_n bring_v into_o those_o part_n as_o spice_n japan_n copper_n tin_n gold_n ore_n and_o the_o like_a this_o trade_n be_v extreme_o profitable_a and_o advantageous_a but_o yet_o expose_v to_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o moor_n that_o be_v in_o power_n for_o the_o government_n of_o these_o country_n be_v almost_o always_o farm_a and_o these_o farmer_n be_v protect_v by_o the_o ministry_n take_v all_o opportunity_n to_o extort_v money_n from_o the_o subject_n insomuch_o that_o foreign_a dealer_n can_v never_o secure_v themselves_o from_o be_v pillage_v by_o these_o farmer_n who_o be_v very_o covetous_a and_o therefore_o to_o avoid_v be_v disturb_v in_o their_o traffic_n be_v force_v to_o screen_n themselves_o from_o these_o evil_n by_o present_n which_o cost_v the_o company_n very_o dear_a but_o these_o evil_n be_v unhappy_o much_o augment_v since_o about_o four_o year_n ago_o and_o arrive_v to_o that_o excess_n as_o oblige_v the_o company_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o seize_v upon_o the_o town_n of_o mazulipatam_n to_o force_v the_o king_n of_o golconda_n to_o give_v they_o just_a satisfaction_n for_o the_o violence_n and_o injury_n do_v the_o company_n which_o in_o the_o 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