Selected quad for the lemma: virtue_n
Text snippets containing the quad
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Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) |
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A26963
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The nature and immortality of the soul proved in answer to one who professed perplexing doubtfulness / by Richard Baxter.
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Baxter, Richard, 1615-1691.
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1682
(1682)
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Wing B1317; ESTC R37298
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29,645
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74
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have_v assure_v you_o of_o a_o future_a life_n of_o retribution_n be_v not_o this_o a_o just_a progress_n §_o 3._o but_o you_o will_v know_v a_o definition_n of_o the_o soul_n but_o do_v you_o know_v nothing_o but_o by_o definition_n be_v all_o man_n that_o can_v define_v therefore_o void_a of_o all_o knowledge_n you_o know_v not_o at_o all_o what_o see_v be_v or_o what_o light_n be_v or_o what_o feeling_n smell_a taste_v hear_v be_v what_o sound_n or_o odor_n be_v what_o sweet_a or_o bitter_a nor_o what_o think_n or_o know_v or_o willing_a or_o love_v be_v if_o you_o know_v it_o not_o before_o define_n tell_v you_o and_o better_a than_o bare_a define_n can_v ever_o tell_v you_o every_o vital_a faculty_n have_v a_o self-perception_a in_o its_o act_n which_o be_v a_o eminent_a sense_n intuition_n also_o of_o outward_a sensible_a object_n or_o immediate_a perception_n of_o they_o as_o sensata_fw-la &_o imaginata_fw-la be_v before_o all_o argument_n and_o definition_n or_o reason_v action_n by_o see_v we_o perceive_v that_o we_o see_v and_o by_o understanding_n we_o perceive_v that_o we_o understand_v i_o dare_v say_v that_o you_o know_v the_o act_n of_o your_o own_o soul_n by_o act_v though_o when_o you_o come_v to_o reason_v or_o define_v you_o say_v you_o know_v not_o what_o they_o be_v you_o can_v give_v no_o definition_n what_o substance_n be_v or_o ens_fw-la at_o least_o much_o less_o what_o god_n be_v and_o yet_o what_o be_v more_o certain_a than_o that_o there_o be_v substance_n entity_n and_o god_n §_o 4._o but_o i_o will_v tell_v you_o what_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n be_v it_o be_v a_o vital_a intellectual_a volitive_a spirit_n animate_v a_o humane_a organise_v body_n when_o it_o be_v separate_v it_o be_v not_o formal_o a_o soul_n but_o a_o spirit_n still_o §_o 5._o qu._n but_o what_o be_v such_o a_o mental_a spirit_n it_o be_v a_o most_o pure_a substance_n who_o form_n be_v a_o power_n or_o virtue_n of_o vital_a action_n intellection_n and_o volition_n three_o in_o one_o §_o 6._o i._o be_v you_o not_o certain_a of_o all_o these_o act_n viz._n that_o you_o act_n vital_o understand_v and_o will_n if_o not_o you_o be_v not_o sure_a that_o you_o see_v that_o you_o doubt_v that_o you_o write_v to_o i_o or_o that_o you_o be_v any_o thing_n ii_o if_o you_o act_v these_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o you_o have_v the_o power_n of_o so_o act_v for_o nothing_o do_v that_o which_o it_o can_v do_v iii_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o it_o be_v a_o substance_n which_o have_v this_o power_n for_o nothing_o can_v do_v nothing_o iv._o it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o visible_a body_n as_o compose_v of_o earth_n water_n and_o air_n which_o be_v this_o mental_a substance_n neither_o any_o one_o of_o they_o nor_o all_o together_o have_v life_n understanding_n or_o will._n they_o be_v passive_a being_n and_o act_v not_o at_o all_o of_o themselves_o but_o as_o act_v by_o invisible_a power_n they_o have_v a_o aggregative_a inclination_n to_o union_n and_o no_o other_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o igneous_a nature_n which_o be_v active_a or_o for_o spirit_n they_o will_v be_v cessant_fw-la therefore_o you_o be_v thus_o far_o past_o the_o dark_a that_o there_o be_v in_o man_n a_o invisible_a substance_n which_o have_v yea_o which_o be_v a_o power_n or_o virtue_n of_o vital_a action_n intellection_n and_o volition_n v._o and_o that_o this_o active_a power_n be_v a_o distinct_a thing_n from_o mere_a passive_a power_n or_o mobilitie_n per_fw-la aliud_fw-la experience_n put_v past_a doubt_n there_o be_v in_o every_o live_a thing_n a_o power_n or_o virtue_n of_o self-moving_a else_o life_n be_v not_o life_n vi_o and_o that_o this_o be_v not_o a_o mere_a accident_n of_o the_o soul_n but_o its_o essential_a form_n i_o have_v prove_v so_o full_o in_o my_o methodus_fw-la theologiae_n in_o a_o peculiar_a disputation_n that_o i_o will_v not_o here_o repeat_v it_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o even_o in_o the_o igneous_a substance_n the_o vis_fw-fr motiva_n illuminativa_fw-la calefactiva_fw-la be_v more_o than_o a_o accident_n even_o its_o essential_a form_n but_o be_v it_o otherwise_o it_o will_v but_o follow_v that_o if_o the_o very_a accidental_a act_n or_o quality_n of_o a_o soul_n be_v so_o noble_a its_o essential_a must_v be_v great_a vii_o but_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o neither_o soul_n nor_o any_o thing_n have_v either_o be_v power_n or_o action_n but_o in_o constant_a receptive_a dependence_n on_o the_o continue_a emanation_n of_o the_o prime_a cause_n and_o so_o no_o inviduation_n be_v a_o total_a separation_n from_o he_o or_o a_o independence_n or_o a_o self-sufficiency_n thus_o far_o natural_a light_n tell_v you_o what_o soul_n be_v §_o 7._o you_o add_v yourself_o that_o those_o attainment_n which_o you_o be_v make_v capable_a of_o you_o be_v design_v to_o very_o right_a god_n make_v not_o such_o noble_a faculty_n or_o capacity_n in_o vain_a much_o less_o to_o engage_v all_o man_n to_o a_o life_n of_o duty_n which_o shall_v prove_v deceit_n and_o misery_n but_o you_o have_v faculty_n capable_a of_o think_v of_o god_n as_o your_o beginning_n guide_n and_o end_v as_o your_o maker_n ruler_n and_o benefactor_n and_o of_o study_v your_o duty_n to_o he_o in_o hope_n of_o reward_n and_o of_o think_v what_o will_v become_v of_o you_o after_o death_n and_o of_o hope_v for_o future_a blessedness_n and_o fear_v future_a misery_n all_o which_o no_o bruit_n be_v ever_o capable_a of_o therefore_o god_n design_v you_o to_o such_o end_n which_o you_o be_v thus_o capable_a of_o §_o 8._o you_o say_v p._n 3_o many_o have_v defend_v the_o soul_n immortality_n but_o none_o have_v prove_v a_o subject_a capable_a of_o a_o life_n of_o retribution_n it_o be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o be_v immortal_a or_o reward_v and_o not_o to_o be_v a_o subject_a capable_a for_o nothing_o have_v no_o accident_n nothing_o have_v that_o which_o it_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o ha_v §_o 9_o you_o say_v none_o tell_v we_o what_o it_o be_v how_o many_o score_n volume_n have_v tell_v it_o we_o i_o have_v now_o brief_o tell_v you_o what_o it_o be_v you_o say_v to_o say_v it_o be_v that_o by_o which_o i_o reason_n be_v not_o satisfactory_a i_o look_v for_o a_o definition_n but_o on_o condition_n you_o look_v not_o to_o see_v or_o feel_v it_o as_o you_o do_v tree_n or_o stone_n you_o may_v be_v satisfy_v i_o have_v give_v you_o a_o definition_n the_o genus_fw-la be_v substantia_fw-la purissima_fw-la the_o differentia_fw-la be_v virtus_fw-la vitalis_n activa_fw-la intellectiva_fw-la volitiva_fw-la trinum_fw-la a_o imago_fw-la creatoris_fw-la what_o be_v here_o want_v to_o a_o definition_n i_o have_v tell_v you_o that_o there_o be_v a_o antecedent_n more_o certain_a perception_n than_o by_o definition_n by_o which_o i_o know_v that_o i_o see_v hear_v taste_n be_o and_o by_o which_o the_o soul_n in_o act_n be_v conscious_a of_o it_o self_n §_o 10._o you_o ask_v 1._o be_v it_o a_o real_a be_v answ_n i_o tell_v you_o nothing_o can_v do_v nothing_o 2._o be_v it_o real_o different_a from_o the_o body_n answ_n a_o substance_n which_o have_v in_o itself_o a_o essential_a principle_n of_o life_n intellection_n and_o volition_n and_o that_o which_o have_v not_o be_v real_o different_a try_v whether_o you_o can_v make_v a_o body_n feel_v or_o understand_v without_o a_o soul_n 2._o those_o that_o be_v separable_a be_v real_o different_a 3._o you_o ask_v be_v it_o able_a to_o be_v without_o it_o answ_n what_o shall_v hinder_v it_o the_o body_n make_v not_o the_o soul_n a_o vile_a substance_n give_v not_o be_v to_o a_o noble_a 2._o nothing_o at_o all_o can_v be_v without_o continue_a divine_a sustentation_n but_o we_o see_v juxta_fw-la naturam_fw-la god_n annihilate_v no_o substance_n change_n be_v but_o by_o composition_n and_o separation_n and_o action_n but_o not_o by_o annihilation_n a_o atom_n of_o earth_n or_o water_n be_v not_o annihilate_v and_o why_o shall_v we_o suspect_v that_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n be_v yea_o the_o contrary_a be_v full_o evident_a though_o god_n be_v able_a to_o annihilate_v all_o thing_n §_o 11._o you_o say_v if_o it_o be_v mere_o material_a and_o differ_v from_o the_o body_n but_o gradual_o death_n may_v be_v but_o its_o concentration_n of_o this_o active_a principle_n in_o its_o own_o body_n answ_n if_o you_o understand_v your_o own_o word_n it_o be_v well_o 1._o do_v you_o know_v what_o material_a signify_v see_v crakenthorp_n metaphysic_n and_o he_o will_v tell_v you_o in_o part_n it_o be_v a_o ambiguous_a word_n sometime_o it_o signify_v the_o same_o as_o substantia_fw-la and_o so_o soul_n be_v material_a sometime_o it_o signify_v only_o that_o sort_n of_o substance_n which_o be_v call_v corporeal_a dr._n more_o tell_v you_o that_o penetrability_n and_o indivisibility_n
difference_n they_o but_o what_o if_o fire_n shall_v differ_v from_o air_n material_o but_o in_o degree_n of_o subtlety_n and_o purity_n or_o sensitive_a soul_n from_o igneous_a and_o mental_a from_o sensitive_a but_o in_o high_a degree_n of_o purity_n of_o matter_n be_v it_o not_o the_o form_n that_o make_v the_o specific_a difference_n air_n have_v not_o the_o igneous_a virtue_n of_o motion_n illumination_n and_o calefaction_n nor_o ignis_fw-la the_o sensitive_a virtue_n nor_o mere_a sensitives_n the_o rational_a virtue_n aforesaid_a forma_fw-la that_o esse_fw-la &_o nomen_fw-la this_o make_v not_o a_o mere_a gradual_a difference_n but_o a_o specific_a there_o be_v in_o compound_n matter_n and_o materiae_fw-la dispositio_fw-la receptiva_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la there_o be_v somewhat_o answerable_a in_o spiritual_a uncompounded_a being_n there_o be_v substantia_fw-la and_o substantiae_fw-la dispositio_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la these_o be_v but_o intellectual_o distinct_a and_o not_o divisible_a and_o be_v but_o inadequate_a conception_n of_o one_o thing_n that_o substantia_fw-la be_v conceptus_fw-la fundamentalis_fw-la be_v confess_v some_o make_v penetrability_n and_o indivisibility_n substantiae_fw-la conceptus_fw-la dispositicus_fw-la but_o the_o virtus_fw-la vitalis_fw-la activa_fw-la intellective_a volitiva_fw-la in_o one_o be_v the_o conceptus_fw-la formalis_fw-la 2._o but_o what_o mean_v you_o by_o the_o active_a principle_n concentration_n in_o its_o own_o body_n it_o be_v a_o strange_a expression_n 1._o if_o you_o mean_v that_o it_o be_v annihilate_v than_o it_o remain_v not_o 2._o if_o you_o mean_v that_o it_o remain_v a_o active_a principle_n you_o mean_v a_o substance_n or_o accident_n if_o a_o substance_n it_o seem_v you_o acknowledge_v it_o a_o self-subsisting_a be_v only_o not_o separate_v from_o its_o carcase_n and_o if_o they_o be_v two_o why_o be_v they_o not_o separable_a if_o separable_a why_o not_o separate_v when_o the_o dust_n of_o the_o carcase_n be_v scatter_v be_v the_o soul_n concentre_v in_o every_o atom_n or_o but_o in_o one_o and_o be_v it_o many_o or_o one_o concentred_a soul_n if_o you_o mean_v that_o it_o be_v but_o a_o accident_n that_o be_v disprove_v before_o what_o accident_n be_v it_o if_o concentre_v in_o the_o body_n the_o body_n and_o every_o dust_n of_o it_o be_v vital_a and_o intellectual_a and_o if_o so_o every_o clod_n and_o stone_n be_v so_o which_o i_o will_v not_o so_o much_o wrong_v you_o as_o to_o imagine_v that_o you_o think_v §_o 12._o but_o you_o will_v know_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o a_o spirit_n whether_o all_o that_o be_v not_o evident_a to_o sense_n ans_fw-fr it_o be_v a_o pure_a substance_n say_v dr._n more_o penetrable_a and_o indivisible_a essential_o vital_a perceptive_a and_o appetitive_a §_o 13._o you_o add_v how_o shall_v i_o know_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o material_n and_o low_a of_o immaterial_o to_o i_o a_o immaterial_a and_o spiritual_a be_v seem_v a_o kind_n of_o hocus_n a_o substantial_a nothing_o ans_fw-fr if_o you_o take_v matter_n for_o the_o same_o with_o substance_n it_o be_v material_a but_o not_o if_o you_o take_v matter_n as_o it_o be_v usual_o take_v for_o corporeal_a or_o gross_a and_o impenetrable_a and_o divisible_a substance_n uncapable_a of_o essential_a vital_a self-moving_a perception_n and_o appetite_n if_o this_o seem_v nothing_o to_o you_o god_n seem_v nothing_o to_o you_o and_o true_a nature_n which_o be_v principium_fw-la motus_fw-la seem_v nothing_o to_o you_o and_o all_o that_o perform_v all_o the_o action_n which_o you_o see_v in_o the_o world_n seem_v nothing_o to_o you_o it_o be_v pity_n that_o you_o have_v converse_v so_o little_a with_o god_n and_o yourself_o as_o to_o think_v both_o to_o be_v nothing_o §_o 14._o what_o you_o say_v out_o of_o gen._n 1._o be_v little_a else_o but_o mistake_n when_o you_o say_v all_o be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o deep_a water_n by_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n the_o text_n name_v what_o be_v make_v of_o they_o it_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o creation_n of_o angel_n or_o spirit_n out_o of_o they_o no_z nor_o of_o the_o light_n or_o earth_n or_o firmament_n and_o whereas_o you_o say_v god_n make_v man_n of_o the_o dust_n of_o the_o ground_n but_o the_o body_n only_o be_v not_o man_n ergo_fw-la ans_fw-fr you_o use_v yourself_o too_o unkind_o to_o leave_v out_o half_a the_o word_n gen._n 2._o 7._o and_o the_o lord_n god_n form_v man_n of_o the_o dust_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o breathe_v into_o his_o nostril_n the_o breath_n of_o life_n and_o man_n become_v a_o live_a soul_n when_o the_o text_n tell_v we_o the_o two_o work_n by_o which_o god_n make_v man_n will_v you_o leave_v out_o one_o and_o then_o argue_v exclusive_o against_o it_o what_o if_o i_o say_v the_o chandler_n make_v a_o candle_n of_o tallow_n and_o then_o by_o another_o kindle_v it_o or_o a_o man_n make_v a_o house_n of_o brick_n and_o cement_v they_o with_o mortar_n etc._n etc._n will_v you_o thence_o prove_v that_o he_o make_v a_o candle_n burn_v without_o fire_n or_o the_o house_n without_o mortar_n word_n be_v useless_a to_o such_o expositor_n §_o 15._o page_n 4._o you_o say_v you_o know_v all_o matter_n be_v eternal_a but_o you_o know_v no_o such_o thing_n if_o it_o be_v eternal_a it_o have_v one_o divine_a perfection_n and_o if_o so_o it_o must_v have_v the_o rest_n and_o so_o shall_v be_v god_n but_o what_o be_v your_o proof_n you_o again_o believe_v the_o soul_n concentration_n in_o its_o body_n ans_fw-fr word_n insignificant_a it_o be_v idem_n or_o aliud_fw-la if_o idem_n than_o dust_n be_v essential_o vital_a and_o intellectual_a deny_v not_o spiritual_a form_n if_o every_o clod_n or_o stone_n have_v they_o if._n aliud_fw-la how_o prove_v you_o it_o to_o be_v there_o rather_o than_o elsewhere_o and_o if_o you_o consider_v well_o you_o will_v not_o believe_v essential_a substantial_a life_n and_o mind_n to_o lie_v dead_a and_o unactive_a so_o long_o as_o the_o dust_n be_v so_o §_o 16._o you_o come_v to_o the_o hard_a objecti_fw-la the_o soul_n defective_a act_n in_o infant_n idiot_n the_o sick_a etc._n etc._n and_o say_v it_o will_v rather_o not_o act_v if_o it_o be_v as_o represent_v ans_fw-fr 1._o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o soul_n here_o be_v much_o of_o they_o upon_o the_o organise_v body_n and_o though_o not_o organical_a as_o if_o they_o act_v by_o a_o organ_n yet_o organical_a as_o act_v on_o a_o organ_n which_o be_v the_o material_a spirit_n primary_o and_o so_o there_o go_v various_a cause_n to_o some_o effect_n call_v acts._n 2._o and_o the_o soul_n do_v nothing_o independent_o but_o as_o dependent_a on_o god_n in_o be_v and_o operation_n and_o therefore_o do_v what_o god_n know_v and_o use_v it_o too_o as_o his_o instrument_n in_o the_o form_n of_o the_o body_n and_o in_o what_o it_o know_v not_o itself_o and_o as_o god_n as_o fons_fw-la naturae_fw-la necessitate_v the_o natural_a agency_n of_o the_o soul_n as_o he_o do_v the_o soul_n of_o bruit_n but_o as_o the_o wise_a and_o free_a governor_n of_o the_o world_n he_o have_v to_o moral_a act_n give_a man_n soul_n freewill_n and_o therefore_o conduct_v reason_n which_o it_o need_v not_o to_o necessitate_a act_n as_o digestion_n motion_n of_o the_o blood_n formation_n of_o the_o body_n etc._n etc._n and_o as_o it_o be_v not_o make_v to_o do_v all_o its_o act_n free_o and_o rational_o so_o neither_o at_o all_o time_n as_o in_o apoplexy_n infancy_n sleep_v etc._n etc._n it_o be_v essential_a to_o the_o soul_n to_o have_v the_o active_a power_n or_o virtue_n of_o intellection_n and_o freewill_n but_o not_o always_o to_o use_v it_o as_o it_o be_v essential_a to_o the_o substance_n of_o fire_n though_o latent_fw-la in_o a_o flint_n to_o have_v the_o power_n of_o motion_n lighe_a and_o heat_n and_o its_o considerable_a that_o as_o a_o traveller_n in_o his_o journey_n think_v and_o talk_v only_o of_o other_o thing_n retain_v still_o a_o secret_a act_n of_o intend_v his_o end_n else_o he_o will_v not_o go_v on_o when_o he_o perceive_v and_o observe_v it_o not_o at_o all_o he_o that_o play_v on_o the_o lute_n or_o harpsical_a cease_v when_o his_o instrument_n be_v out_o of_o tune_n because_o he_o act_v by_o freewill_n but_o the_o soul_n of_o a_o idiot_n or_o madman_n act_v only_o per_fw-la modum_fw-la naturae_fw-la not_o by_o free-act_n but_o necessitate_v by_o god_n by_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n only_o moral_a act_n be_v free_a and_o that_o some_o other_o be_v but_o brutish_a and_o some_o but_o vegitative_a be_v no_o more_o a_o wonder_n than_o that_o it_o shall_v understand_v in_o the_o head_n and_o be_v sensible_a only_o in_o the_o most_o of_o the_o body_n and_o vegitative_a only_o in_o the_o hair_n and_o nail_n it_o operate_v in_o all_o the_o body_n by_o the_o spirit_n as_o valid_a but_o about_o