inexhaustible_a source_n of_o joy_n to_o those_o who_o comply_v with_o they_o and_o a_o continual_a torment_n to_o those_o who_o be_v not_o conformable_a to_o they_o a_o sovereign_n be_v jealous_a of_o his_o authority_n and_o have_v reason_n so_o to_o be_v since_o it_o be_v god_n who_o have_v bestow_v it_o on_o he_o but_o when_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o support_v his_o dignity_n himself_o this_o jealousy_n serve_v but_o to_o torment_v he_o the_o more_o he_o bemoan_v his_o destiny_n either_o in_o public_a or_o private_a he_o find_v fortune_n have_v betray_v he_o in_o lift_v he_o up_o and_o he_o love_v not_o that_o theatre_n where_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o represent_v a_o personage_n great_a than_o himself_o his_o crown_n be_v too_o heavy_a for_o he_o and_o his_o throne_n be_v all_o stick_v with_o thorn_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o heart_n of_o king_n be_v crowd_v with_o distrust_n terror_n irresolution_n and_o anger_n be_v which_o sometime_o burst_v out_o into_o cruelty_n and_o their_o grief_n turn_v into_o fury_n as_o they_o fear_v all_o man_n so_o they_o will_v that_o all_o man_n shall_v fear_v they_o and_o see_v they_o can_v render_v themselves_o venerable_a by_o their_o virtue_n they_o think_v to_o appear_v terrible_a by_o their_o vice_n history_n oftentimes_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o unravel_v these_o sort_n of_o motive_n those_o which_o be_v lead_v by_o they_o do_v not_o boast_v of_o they_o they_o palliate_v their_o injustice_n and_o violence_n under_o other_o pretence_n yet_o however_o their_o artifices_fw-la be_v not_o able_a to_o prevent_v their_o discovery_n we_o know_v by_o what_o motive_n the_o nero_n and_o the_o domitian_n be_v act_v when_o they_o do_v rid_v themselves_o of_o the_o great_a personage_n of_o their_o time_n we_o know_v i_o say_v that_o under_o cowardly_a prince_n impunity_n be_v not_o always_o the_o effect_n of_o innocence_n and_o that_o oftentimes_o great_a and_o extraordinary_a merit_n pass_v with_o they_o for_o a_o capital_a crime_n they_o be_v sure_a to_o follow_v a_o conduct_n like_o that_o of_o the_o republic_n of_o ephesus_n and_o athens_n who_o practise_v the_o ostracism_n and_o by_o a_o long_a exile_n disgrace_v the_o glory_n of_o their_o most_o famous_a citizen_n even_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o their_o fidelity_n and_o love_n for_o their_o country_n have_v render_v they_o illustrious_a what_o pleasure_n or_o repose_v can_v a_o prince_n enjoy_v who_o soul_n be_v ruffle_v with_o such_o irregular_a disorder_n hate_v the_o loyal_a of_o his_o subject_n and_o fear_v the_o least_o formidable_a of_o his_o enemy_n it_o be_v then_o his_o imagination_n grow_v big_a and_o multiply_v danger_n the_o least_o ill_a news_n put_v he_o into_o a_o consternation_n and_o be_v as_o mortal_a alarm_n to_o he_o a_o small_a force_n levy_v in_o a_o foreign_a nation_n appear_v to_o he_o as_o numerous_a a_o invasion_n as_o the_o army_n of_o xerxes_n or_o daxius_n the_o impertinent_a folly_n of_o some_o private_a malcontent_n which_o murmur_n against_o the_o government_n seem_v to_o he_o no_o less_o than_o a_o total_a revolt_n contrive_v long_o beforehand_o and_o portend_v a_o general_a insurrection_n throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n every_o thing_n make_v he_o suspicious_a he_o be_v topful_a of_o fear_n within_o and_o without_o a_o sense_n of_o his_o ill_a conduct_n at_o home_n and_o of_o his_o ill-managed_n transaction_n abroad_o supply_v he_o with_o a_o continual_a series_n of_o uneasiness_n he_o be_v become_v a_o scene_n of_o misery_n and_o we_o can_v say_v whether_o he_o be_v disquiet_v more_o with_o a_o disgust_n of_o thing_n present_a or_o with_o the_o apprehension_n of_o what_o be_v to_o come_v chap._n xxv_o important_a reflection_n upon_o the_o idea_n which_o the_o ancient_n have_v conceive_v of_o valour_n not_o only_o in_o respect_n to_o the_o danger_n of_o war_n but_o of_o all_o other_o thing_n which_o may_v create_v fear_n or_o grief_n we_o shall_v better_o understand_v how_o this_o virtue_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o repose_n of_o prince_n if_o we_o take_v the_o notion_n of_o it_o in_o the_o whole_a extent_n as_o the_o ancient_n do_v they_o consider_v it_o in_o general_a as_o the_o force_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o give_v it_o real_o the_o name_n of_o force_n by_o which_o they_o understand_v that_o this_o fortify_v a_o man_n with_o assurance_n not_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o danger_n of_o war_n but_o of_o all_o other_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v the_o object_n of_o fear_n when_o one_o of_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o cymbrian_n be_v hardy_a in_o their_o combat_n and_o fearful_a in_o their_o sickness_n and_o that_o the_o greek_n on_o the_o contrary_a look_v upon_o death_n with_o horror_n in_o a_o field_n of_o battle_n but_o wait_v for_o it_o with_o resolution_n in_o their_o bed_n this_o philosopher_n speak_v after_o this_o manner_n let_v we_o know_v that_o the_o courage_n of_o both_o these_o nation_n be_v imperfect_a we_o can_v make_v a_o better_a judgement_n of_o the_o sentiment_n they_o have_v of_o valour_n than_o by_o the_o definition_n they_o have_v give_v of_o it_o what_o be_v valour_n it_o be_v say_v a_o ancient_n a_o voluntary_a and_o considerate_a resolution_n to_o expose_v one_o self_n to_o danger_n and_o to_o undergo_v hardship_n fortitudo_fw-la est_fw-la considerata_fw-la periculorum_fw-la susceptio_fw-la &_o laborum_fw-la perpessio_fw-la valour_n say_v another_o be_v the_o pursuit_n we_o make_v after_o a_o solid_a advantage_n through_o danger_n and_o labour_n which_o we_o must_v surmount_v in_o the_o acquest_n of_o it_o fortitudo_fw-la est_fw-la contemptio_fw-la laboris_fw-la &_o periculi_fw-la cum_fw-la ratione_fw-la utilitatis_fw-la &_o compensatione_fw-la commodorum_fw-la one_o sect_n of_o philosopher_n also_o define_v this_o virtue_n after_o this_o manner_n fortitudo_fw-la est_fw-la ratio_fw-la negligendae_fw-la mortis_fw-la perpetiendique_fw-la doloris_fw-la valour_n be_v that_o which_o enable_v we_o to_o suffer_v pain_n and_o despise_v death_n in_o fine_a all_o other_o have_v speak_v to_o the_o same_o sense_n and_o i_o can_v assure_v you_o without_o fear_n of_o abuse_v you_o in_o this_o point_n that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o of_o they_o which_o have_v limit_v valour_n to_o the_o danger_n of_o war_n only_o we_o have_v two_o reflection_n here_o to_o make_v the_o first_o be_v that_o the_o word_n which_o general_o enter_v into_o their_o definition_n and_o which_o they_o join_v with_o that_o of_o danger_n do_v equal_o signify_v labour_n and_o pain_n because_o they_o follow_v the_o ideom_o of_o the_o greek_a language_n which_o although_o it_o be_v very_o copious_a use_v one_o and_o the_o same_o word_n to_o express_v dolour_n and_o labour_n 〈◊〉_d the_o second_o consideration_n which_o we_o must_v not_o forget_v be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o idaea_n which_o they_o form_v of_o valour_n be_v deduce_v from_o the_o doctrine_n of_o aristotle_n who_o in_o truth_n have_v receive_v they_o from_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o academy_n who_o have_v distinguish_v divers_a faculty_n in_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n he_o there_o place_v or_o give_v leave_v to_o his_o excellent_a commentator_n to_o do_v it_o the_o four_o virtue_n prudence_n in_o the_o understanding_n justice_n in_o the_o will_n valour_n in_o that_o which_o they_o call_v irascible_a and_o temperance_n in_o the_o other_o now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o irascible_a do_v not_o only_o respect_v military_a danger_n but_o it_o have_v for_o its_o object_n all_o the_o rencounter_n of_o this_o life_n either_o terrible_a painful_a or_o difficult_a according_a to_o these_o principle_n the_o ancient_n attribute_v the_o very_a same_o epithet_n of_o commendation_n to_o the_o two_o scipio_n to_o fabius_n maximus_n and_o aemylius_fw-la for_o have_v support_v great_a affliction_n as_o well_o as_o for_o win_v of_o battle_n and_o they_o give_v we_o to_o understand_v that_o if_o marius_n do_v exercise_v his_o courage_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o arm_n he_o also_o exercise_v the_o same_o courage_n when_o he_o endure_v a_o violent_a operation_n of_o chirurgery_n without_o complain_v and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o exquisite_a pain_n remain_v firm_a and_o unmoveable_a i_o see_v we_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o bend_v our_o language_n to_o this_o sense_n we_o do_v not_o say_v a_o man_n suffer_v affliction_n valiant_o but_o we_o say_v he_o suffer_v it_o with_o constancy_n it_o matter_n not_o for_o word_n provide_v we_o agree_v upon_o thing_n in_o this_o notion_n of_o valour_n comprise_v a_o undauntedness_n in_o battle_n and_o a_o steady_a resolution_n in_o all_o the_o other_o accident_n of_o life_n prince_n may_v be_v inform_v of_o a_o character_n which_o be_v very_o become_v of_o and_o expedient_a for_o they_o if_o they_o do_v not_o keep_v up_o this_o force_n and_o assurance_n of_o mind_n they_o will_v be_v injurious_a to_o themselves_o on_o many_o occasion_n they_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v the_o glory_n of_o their_o
refer_v the_o design_n of_o thing_n to_o prudence_n the_o distribution_n to_o justice_n and_o the_o execution_n to_o valour_n see_v then_o the_o proper_a office_n of_o valour_n be_v to_o execute_v she_o must_v be_v content_a with_o she_o own_o function_n and_o may_v always_o suppose_v that_o there_o have_v be_v consult_v enough_o preparatory_a for_o she_o and_o beside_o that_o she_o be_v not_o answerable_a for_o the_o miscarriage_n of_o deliberation_n other_o author_n to_o show_v the_o connexion_n of_o virtue_n have_v establish_v this_o for_o a_o maxim_n that_o a_o action_n can_v never_o be_v virtuous_a if_o it_o be_v not_o do_v with_o discretion_n equity_n moderation_n and_o resolution_n and_o according_a to_o this_o prospect_n they_o have_v assign_v to_o every_o virtue_n a_o general_a quality_n as_o discretion_n to_o prudence_n equity_n to_o justice_n moderation_n to_o temperance_n and_o resolution_n to_o valour_n we_o have_v no_o need_n to_o examine_v this_o principle_n in_o all_o its_o circumstance_n it_o be_v enough_o for_o this_o reflection_n that_o since_o resolution_n be_v the_o character_n of_o valour_n a_o soldier_n must_v give_v testimony_n of_o it_o in_o keep_v himself_o indispensable_o tie_v to_o discipline_n and_o in_o never_o start_v aside_o from_o the_o duty_n of_o military_a obedience_n chap._n ix_o it_o be_v a_o error_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o profession_n of_o a_o soldier_n be_v condemn_v by_o the_o christian_a religion_n if_o anger_n be_v permit_v in_o battle_n in_o what_o manner_n one_o ought_v to_o behave_v himself_o against_o a_o friend_n on_o the_o contrary_a party_n when_o one_o meet_v he_o in_o the_o fight_n i_o think_v it_o needful_a here_o to_o touch_v that_o scruple_n so_o weak_o ground_v which_o make_v some_o man_n believe_v that_o the_o military_a profession_n stand_v condemn_v by_o religion_n in_o this_o they_o be_v condemn_v themselves_o not_o only_o by_o the_o history_n of_o so_o many_o war_n which_o be_v relate_v in_o the_o scripture_n but_o also_o by_o that_o remarkable_a place_n in_o the_o gospel_n where_o the_o soldier_n consult_v the_o forerunner_n of_o jesus_n christ_n he_o do_v not_o exhort_v they_o to_o quit_v their_o employment_n but_o to_o be_v content_v with_o their_o pay_n and_o not_o to_o mutiny_v here_o then_o be_v no_o subject_a of_o doubt_n as_o there_o may_v be_v in_o that_o famous_a dispute_n which_o have_v divide_v the_o ancient_a philosopher_n and_o it_o consist_v in_o this_o whether_o anger_n be_v forbid_v in_o battle_n as_o a_o passion_n altogether_o evil_a or_o whether_o it_o may_v be_v allow_v as_o a_o instrument_n of_o valour_n this_o last_o opinion_n have_v prevail_v the_o lyceum_n be_v more_o follow_v in_o this_o point_n than_o the_o porticus_fw-la and_o we_o believe_v as_o there_o be_v commendable_a desire_n wise_a fear_n and_o innocent_a joy_n and_o sorrow_n so_o there_o be_v lawful_a anger_n be_v and_o in_o just_a war_n we_o may_v make_v use_n of_o this_o passion_n to_o inflame_v or_o as_o aristotle_n speak_v to_o whet_v our_o courage_n what_o shall_v we_o say_v to_o this_o other_o question_v which_o have_v be_v propound_v by_o the_o ancient_n that_o be_v in_o what_o manner_n we_o be_v to_o behave_v ourselves_o against_o a_o friend_n who_o be_v of_o the_o contrary_a party_n and_o with_o who_o we_o meet_v in_o battle_n must_v we_o avoid_v he_o or_o fight_v he_o we_o shall_v not_o undertake_v to_o decide_v a_o difficulty_n which_o so_o many_o great_a man_n have_v leave_v undecided_a let_v we_o forbear_v search_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o question_n for_o fear_v of_o find_v reason_n contrary_a to_o a_o sentiment_n which_o seem_v so_o humane_a and_o let_v we_o preserve_v respect_n for_o friendship_n which_o be_v a_o virtue_n itself_o or_o the_o most_o honourable_a of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n next_o to_o virtue_n chap._n x._o necessary_a reflection_n upon_o rashness_n when_o valour_n be_v regulate_v by_o justice_n she_o be_v far_o enough_o from_o rashness_n for_o if_o a_o prince_n be_v prodigal_a of_o his_o life_n he_o be_v unjust_a to_o his_o people_n and_o he_o ought_v sometime_o to_o regard_v temerity_n under_o this_o notion_n for_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o piece_n of_o injustice_n it_o appear_v more_o condemnable_a than_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v but_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o imprudence_n that_o a_o prince_n therefore_o may_v not_o become_v guilty_a of_o rash_a action_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v something_o else_o in_o his_o eye_n beside_o peril_n because_o one_o must_v not_o seek_v out_o danger_n for_o danger_n be_v sake_n and_o if_o one_o do_v expose_v himself_o to_o the_o hardship_n of_o war_n it_o be_v not_o simple_o to_o expose_v himself_o and_o no_o more_o but_o for_o the_o avoid_n of_o some_o eminent_a damage_n or_o the_o obtain_n some_o great_a advantage_n the_o action_n of_o a_o prince_n then_o ought_v to_o have_v this_o end_n viz._n a_o reference_n to_o the_o success_n of_o his_o arm_n which_o be_v possible_a important_a and_o conformable_a to_o his_o rank_n he_o fail_v in_o the_o first_o condition_n which_o be_v possibility_n if_o he_o do_v as_o alexander_n do_v when_o he_o throw_v himself_o from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o wall_n into_o a_o enemy_n city_n for_o can_v he_o pretend_v to_o take_v it_o alone_o he_o fail_v to_o observe_v the_o second_o condition_n which_o be_v importance_n if_o he_o do_v as_o the_o same_o prince_n do_v when_o during_o the_o siege_n of_o tyre_n he_o draw_v out_o a_o small_a detachment_n of_o his_o army_n for_o i_o know_v not_o what_o expedition_n against_o the_o arabian_n which_o be_v neither_o necessary_a for_o he_o nor_o worthy_a of_o he_o it_o be_v our_o next_o business_n to_o consider_v that_o a_o action_n may_v be_v possible_a and_o important_a and_o yet_o not_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o he_o that_o will_v execute_v it_o nothing_o be_v more_o possible_a than_o to_o gain_v fort_n by_o spring_v of_o mine_n and_o sometime_o nothing_o be_v more_o important_a than_o to_o use_v those_o mean_n but_o we_o must_v not_o thence_o conclude_v that_o the_o king_n ought_v to_o go_v himself_o to_o lodge_v the_o miner_n i_o see_v it_o will_v be_v impossible_a to_o enumerate_v the_o particular_a thing_n which_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v act_v by_o a_o prince_n in_o the_o war_n and_o which_o be_v not_o so_o but_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o we_o may_v establish_v this_o as_o a_o general_a maxim_n that_o a_o prince_n ought_v not_o to_o expose_v himself_o to_o danger_n but_o in_o such_o action_n where_o his_o command_n be_v requisite_a if_o he_o know_v a_o fort_n well_o it_o be_v to_o ordain_v in_o what_o manner_n it_o shall_v be_v besiege_v if_o he_o visit_v the_o trench_n it_o be_v there_o also_o to_o dispose_v his_o order_n and_o if_o he_o appear_v in_o battle_n it_o be_v not_o there_o chief_o to_o imbrue_v his_o sword_n in_o the_o blood_n of_o some_o soldier_n for_o the_o kill_n of_o three_o or_o four_o man_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o turn_v a_o battle_n but_o it_o be_v here_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v his_o eye_n move_v through_o the_o whole_a to_o shoot_v his_o order_n and_o direction_n every_o where_o and_o to_o be_v as_o the_o soul_n to_o his_o whole_a army_n we_o distinguish_v between_o two_o sort_n of_o temerity_n one_o a_o particular_a the_o other_o a_o general_a rashness_n one_o consist_v in_o the_o hazard_n ourselves_o upon_o occasion_n against_o the_o rule_n of_o military_a prudence_n the_o other_o be_v when_o we_o engage_v in_o a_o war_n far_o above_o our_o force_n or_o without_o be_v well_o prepare_v as_o they_o say_v caesar_n do_v in_o his_o war_n against_o alexandria_n some_o distinguish_v also_o betwixt_o the_o temerity_n of_o the_o enterprise_n and_o the_o temerity_n of_o the_o execution_n which_o be_v not_o altogether_o the_o same_o as_o those_o we_o have_v mention_v although_o they_o come_v very_o near_o to_o they_o common_a sense_n give_v we_o sufficient_o to_o understand_v these_o difference_n it_o will_v be_v more_o important_a for_o we_o to_o consider_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o temerity_n and_o they_o be_v the_o false_a admiration_n of_o rash_a erterprise_n or_o execution_n when_o they_o have_v succeed_v and_o a_o mistake_a contempt_n of_o conduct_n conformable_a to_o the_o maxim_n of_o war_n when_o they_o seem_v not_o to_o have_v enough_o of_o bravery_n and_o resolution_n we_o may_v see_v this_o manifest_o verify_v in_o a_o conduct_n quite_o contrary_a which_o marcellus_n and_o fabius_n once_o follow_v one_o call_v the_o sword_n and_o the_o other_o the_o buckler_n of_o the_o roman_n i_o shall_v wander_v too_o far_o if_o i_o shall_v examine_v the_o life_n of_o these_o two_o man_n to_o make_v particular_a remark_n of_o this_o diversity_n and_o opposition_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o fabius_n be_v true_o the_o buckler_n of_o rome_n and_o
himself_o in_o the_o war_n by_o action_n of_o the_o utmost_a bravery_n yet_o his_o reputation_n be_v not_o so_o clear_a as_o that_o of_o the_o famous_a theban_a who_o be_v so_o illustrious_a for_o his_o virtue_n that_o those_o that_o know_v best_o how_o to_o judge_v of_o his_o merit_n do_v unanimous_o agree_v to_o place_v he_o in_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o hero_n not_o only_o of_o his_o city_n but_o of_o his_o nation_n and_o to_o regard_v he_o as_o the_o great_a man_n that_o ever_o greece_n bring_v forth_o chap._n ii_o the_o ancient_a roman_n make_v a_o difference_n between_o two_o of_o their_o most_o formidable_a enemy_n in_o consider_v one_o as_o a_o just_a prince_n and_o the_o other_o as_o a_o man_n without_o faith_n the_o reflection_n we_o have_v make_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o difference_n which_o the_o ancient_a roman_n put_v between_o two_o the_o most_o formidable_a enemy_n they_o ever_o have_v pyrrhus_n and_o hannibal_n they_o consider_v the_o first_o as_o a_o prince_n who_o have_v faith_n and_o equity_n and_o who_o they_o never_o mention_v but_o with_o esteem_n they_o consider_v the_o second_o as_o a_o captain_n cruel_a and_o perfidious_a and_o they_o never_o speak_v of_o he_o but_o with_o despite_n and_o execration_n we_o may_v observe_v the_o same_o difference_n among_o the_o conquest_n which_o the_o roman_n make_v the_o most_o intelligent_a of_o they_o if_o they_o do_v advise_v the_o destruction_n of_o carthage_n yet_o will_v not_o approve_v of_o that_o of_o corinth_n and_o although_o the_o advantageous_a situation_n of_o these_o two_o place_n be_v equal_o capable_a to_o eclipse_v the_o glory_n of_o their_o city_n and_o to_o draw_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o empire_n either_o into_o greece_n or_o africa_n yet_o they_o esteem_v the_o surname_n of_o achaicus_n be_v not_o so_o glorious_a to_o mummius_n as_o the_o surname_n of_o africanus_n be_v to_o scipio_n and_o that_o if_o it_o be_v just_a to_o demolish_v carthage_n and_o to_o punish_v she_o for_o the_o mischief_n she_o have_v do_v in_o italy_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o just_a to_o inflict_v the_o same_o penalty_n upon_o corinth_n from_o who_o they_o never_o receive_v any_o considerable_a injury_n chap._n iii_o just_a war_n must_v be_v just_o manage_v what_o sort_n of_o war_n be_v just_a and_o what_o be_v requisite_a to_o make_v a_o war_n just_o valour_n be_v blame-worthy_a when_o it_o fight_v against_o justice_n duella_fw-la justa_fw-la justè_fw-la gerunto_o just_a war_n must_v be_v just_o manage_v all_o be_v comprise_v in_o these_o two_o word_n war_n be_v just_a when_o they_o be_v make_v for_o the_o reparation_n of_o injury_n receive_v or_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o our_o lawful_a right_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v or_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o our_o ally_n they_o be_v make_v just_o when_o faith_n be_v keep_v in_o the_o management_n and_o peace_n be_v propound_v for_o the_o end_n pacem_fw-la habere_fw-la debet_fw-la voluntas_fw-la bellum_fw-la necessitas_fw-la say_v st._n augustine_n it_o will_v indeed_o be_v a_o strange_a thing_n if_o one_o shall_v imagine_v that_o we_o be_v permit_v to_o make_v war_n for_o war_n sake_n to_o exercise_v violence_n and_o cruelty_n and_o to_o revel_v in_o blood_n and_o slaughter_n peace_n be_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v absolute_o good_a war_n be_v not_o so_o but_o upon_o certain_a condition_n war_n i_o say_v ought_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o remedy_n which_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o make_v use_n of_o but_o in_o case_n of_o the_o last_o extremity_n and_o which_o tend_v to_o the_o preservation_n or_o as_o we_o may_v say_v the_o health_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a it_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o the_o violent_a operation_n of_o chirurgery_n which_o make_v application_n of_o knife_n and_o fire_n to_o the_o body_n of_o man_n but_o they_o be_v not_o design_v to_o torment_v he_o but_o to_o cure_v he_o far_o faith_n ought_v to_o be_v keep_v we_o know_v not_o how_o to_o excuse_v the_o perfidiousness_n of_o hannibal_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o thrasimene_n after_o have_v win_v a_o victory_n over_o the_o roman_n who_o general_n be_v slay_v upon_o the_o place_n he_o perceive_v a_o body_n of_o the_o infantry_n of_o six_o thousand_o man_n who_o have_v gain_v a_o advantageous_a fort_n and_o that_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o force_v they_o he_o send_v to_o they_o to_o surrender_v and_o indeed_o they_o do_v surrender_v upon_o term_n but_o instead_o of_o perform_v what_o he_o have_v promise_v they_o have_v no_o soon_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n but_o he_o put_v they_o all_o to_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o sword_n the_o stratagem_n which_o he_o make_v use_v of_o in_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n be_v not_o altogether_o so_o unjust_a yet_o i_o have_v hear_v he_o condemn_v for_o it_o by_o some_o person_n who_o without_o doubt_n will_v be_v think_v too_o nice_a and_o scrupulous_a by_o man_n of_o the_o sword_n he_o send_v five_o hundred_o numidian_a horse_n who_o present_v themselves_o to_o the_o consul_n marcus_n terentius_n varro_n as_o be_v willing_a to_o desert_n and_o come_v over_o to_o he_o the_o consul_n put_v they_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n but_o afterward_o when_o they_o come_v to_o engage_v and_o the_o battle_n grow_v hot_a the_o numidian_n make_v it_o appear_v that_o their_o desertion_n be_v but_o feign_v for_o turn_v their_o arm_n against_o the_o roman_n they_o promote_v the_o great_a slaughter_n in_o one_o of_o the_o bloody_a battle_n that_o ever_o be_v fight_v when_o prince_n do_v not_o wage_v just_a war_n or_o manage_v they_o just_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n for_o they_o to_o have_v advantage_n and_o success_n in_o military_a undertake_n they_o be_v miserable_a still_o for_o vice_n be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o misfortune_n and_o a_o unjust_a victory_n have_v with_o reason_n be_v call_v a_o illustrious_a crime_n occisarum_fw-la gentium_fw-la gloriosum_fw-la scelus_fw-la sen._n chap._n iu._n valour_n without_o justice_n be_v not_o a_o virtue_n no_o more_o than_o prudence_n valour_n be_v then_o rather_o worthy_a of_o blame_v than_o praise_n when_o she_o be_v not_o accompany_v with_o justice_n she_o than_o lose_v her_o merit_n and_o her_o loveliness_n she_o degenerate_v from_o the_o nobleness_n of_o her_o original_a and_o sour_n into_o a_o vice_n or_o at_o least_o cease_v to_o be_v a_o virtue_n so_o it_o be_v of_o prudence_n when_o she_o become_v unjust_a when_o she_o do_v not_o keep_v up_o to_o her_o proper_a end_n instead_o of_o carry_v out_o the_o spirit_n of_o a_o man_n to_o the_o performance_n of_o dexterous_a and_o commendable_a action_n she_o conduct_n or_o rather_o bewilder_n he_o by_o the_o shift_n and_o wind_n of_o cunning_a imposture_n and_o infidelity_n for_o we_o can_v give_v it_o more_o honourable_a name_n we_o do_v not_o call_v those_o virtuous_a or_o prudent_a who_o be_v possess_v of_o these_o sort_n of_o endowment_n all_o their_o florid_n part_v beget_v get_v not_o any_o esteem_n amity_n or_o confidence_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o engender_v fear_n contempt_n and_o aversion_n and_o we_o be_v so_o far_o from_o choose_v such_o to_o be_v our_o guide_n that_o we_o stand_v upon_o our_o guard_n against_o their_o advice_n and_o consider_v they_o as_o dangerous_a shelf_n and_o snare_n valour_n be_v no_o less_o strange_o change_v when_o she_o be_v ally_v to_o injustice_n she_o forfeit_v all_o her_o reputation_n by_o such_o contagious_a company_n and_o instead_o of_o attract_v man_n vow_n and_o acclamation_n she_o extort_v their_o reproach_n and_o imprecation_n we_o may_v apply_v to_o valour_n the_o say_v of_o a_o prince_n concern_v constancy_n who_o understand_v that_o some_o person_n guilty_a of_o the_o foul_a enormity_n endure_v the_o rack_n with_o incredible_a resolution_n these_o man_n say_v he_o must_v needs_o be_v impudent_a sinner_n who_o employ_v so_o good_a a_o thing_n as_o constancy_n to_o shore_n up_o their_o evil_a action_n we_o do_v not_o therefore_o call_v they_o valiant_a who_o devote_v their_o courage_n to_o injustice_n and_o instead_o of_o oppose_a violence_n commit_v it_o and_o be_v oblige_v to_o serve_v as_o asylum_n and_o protector_n of_o the_o innocent_a become_v their_o enemy_n and_o persecutor_n if_o the_o out-braving_a of_o peril_n and_o defiance_n of_o death_n must_v needs_o merit_v the_o name_n of_o valiant_a than_o we_o may_v allow_v it_o to_o those_o unhappy_a wretch_n who_o not_o only_o despise_v death_n but_o seek_v for_o it_o and_o be_v seize_v with_o the_o excess_n of_o desperation_n or_o a_o transport_v of_o frenzy_n lay_v violent_a hand_n on_o themselves_o and_o become_v their_o own_o executioner_n it_o appear_v by_o this_o that_o the_o action_n of_o hero_n require_v something_o more_o than_o to_o expose_v a_o man_n self_n to_o danger_n and_o the_o contempt_n of_o death_n itself_o though_o that_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o height_n of_o courage_n yet_o
they_o be_v bring_v forth_o no_o breeze_n refresh_v so_o sweet_o as_o one_o native_a air_n no_o mansion_n be_v so_o pleasant_a as_o that_o which_o be_v situate_v in_o a_o man_n be_v own_o country_n those_o who_o be_v bear_v under_o the_o freezing_n of_o the_o north_n or_o the_o scorching_n of_o the_o line_n will_v not_o exchange_v their_o dwelling_n for_o the_o most_o temperate_a climate_n in_o the_o world_n the_o original_a cause_n of_o war_n seem_v then_o to_o proceed_v from_o the_o ambition_n man_n general_o have_v for_o superiority_n in_o matter_n of_o valour_n this_o desire_n be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n keep_v awake_a in_o the_o mind_n of_o people_n and_o have_v carry_v they_o on_o to_o fight_v one_o against_o another_o without_o any_o other_o consideration_n hence_o it_o oftentimes_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o conqueror_n do_v not_o care_n to_o keep_v his_o conquest_n entire_a but_o be_v content_v with_o a_o tribute_n a_o homage_n or_o a_o bare_a acknowledgement_n that_o the_o vanquish_a make_v that_o they_o have_v be_v surmount_v pure_o by_o the_o force_n of_o his_o arms._n we_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o the_o goth_n huns_n and_o vandal_n those_o hurricane_n of_o nation_n which_o make_v a_o inundation_n into_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v animate_v by_o this_o motive_n it_o may_v be_v they_o do_v not_o believe_v it_o themselves_o but_o this_o be_v not_o the_o first_o time_n that_o a_o passion_n have_v be_v eager_o pursue_v without_o be_v understand_v by_o he_o that_o follow_v it_o it_o happen_v oftentimes_o that_o these_o spring_n play_n and_o move_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o our_o heart_n and_o our_o heart_n not_o perceive_v they_o and_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o nature_n be_v as_o it_o be_v jealous_a of_o herself_o endeavour_v to_o show_v it_o in_o some_o of_o she_o operation_n wherein_o she_o have_v better_a succeed_v than_o in_o other_o and_o so_o push_v on_o those_o fierce_a nation_n to_o make_v they_o appear_v more_o courageous_a than_o those_o that_o be_v subdue_v by_o they_o moreover_o when_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o alaric_n and_o the_o attila_n there_o be_v a_o think_v dart_n in_o upon_o we_o which_o entire_o take_v we_o up_o we_o be_v well_o please_v that_o history_n have_v not_o forget_v they_o as_o not_o deserve_v to_o be_v confound_v with_o the_o lumber_n of_o the_o crowd_n whatever_o opinion_n we_o may_v have_v of_o they_o otherwise_o yet_o we_o never_o think_v of_o they_o with_o such_o mean_a and_o slighty_a thought_n as_o we_o common_o have_v for_o thing_n base_a and_o vile_a those_o very_a person_n which_o have_v a_o horror_n for_o they_o yet_o can_v detest_v they_o without_o despise_v they_o they_o be_v compare_v to_o torrent_n and_o lightning_n they_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o serpent_n who_o raise_v themselves_o up_o towards_o the_o sky_n and_o not_o as_o mere_a crawl_a vermin_n in_o short_a if_o we_o observe_v in_o they_o something_o barbarous_a yet_o we_o also_o find_v something_o i_o know_v not_o what_o of_o great_a these_o man_n have_v celebrate_v themselves_o by_o their_o boldness_n they_o have_v force_v fame_n to_o immortalize_v they_o they_o have_v ravish_v a_o esteem_n from_o those_o very_a nation_n they_o have_v ransack_v and_o by_o invade_v of_o empire_n they_o have_v usurp_v to_o a_o admiration_n it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o the_o roman_n who_o treat_v all_o other_o nation_n as_o barbarian_n except_o the_o grecian_n and_o the_o ancient_a grecian_n who_o look_v upon_o all_o the_o world_n beside_o as_o barbarian_n not_o except_v the_o roman_n put_v a_o great_a difference_n both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o between_o those_o which_o they_o call_v barbarian_n they_o speak_v with_o contempt_n of_o the_o syrian_n and_o egyptian_n because_o they_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o coward_n but_o they_o speak_v of_o the_o gaul_n with_o esteem_n because_o they_o account_v they_o valiant_a this_o fierce_a and_o undaunted_a nation_n who_o country_n france_n then_o be_v serve_v i_o for_o a_o example_n to_o justify_v the_o notion_n which_o i_o have_v be_v pursue_v one_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v make_v this_o remark_n that_o the_o destruction_n of_o rome_n have_v be_v infallible_a if_o the_o gaul_n will_v have_v attack_v she_o during_o the_o time_n she_o make_v war_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n or_o against_o the_o italian_n but_o in_o regard_n rome_n have_v the_o weight_n of_o other_o war_n upon_o her_o shoulder_n and_o other_o enemy_n to_o grapple_v with_o the_o gaul_n stand_v by_o as_o neuter_n and_o spectator_n of_o the_o event_n without_o take_v either_o side_n but_o afterward_o when_o they_o see_v her_o free_a and_o dis-engaged_n either_o through_o conquest_n or_o treaty_n than_o they_o pour_v themselves_o into_o italy_n and_o make_v that_o terrible_a irruption_n call_v tumultus_fw-la gallicus_n which_o alarm_v the_o whole_a world_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o such_o formidable_a enemy_n be_v not_o this_o a_o visible_a affectation_n of_o valour_n they_o will_v overcome_v yet_o not_o so_o but_o that_o their_o victory_n shall_v be_v whole_o attribute_v to_o their_o courage_n and_o they_o have_v assure_o be_v victorious_a have_v they_o but_o equalise_v the_o roman_n in_o discipline_n as_o they_o surpass_v they_o in_o valour_n chap._n xiii_o history_n recount_v the_o action_n of_o valour_n more_o exact_o than_o other_o thing_n history_n take_v more_o care_n to_o circumstantiate_v the_o action_n of_o valour_n than_o those_o of_o other_o virtue_n when_o she_o fall_v upon_o a_o siege_n or_o a_o set_a battle_n she_o make_v a_o stand_n and_o will_v have_v we_o do_v so_o too_o and_o look_v every_o way_n about_o we_o she_o frequent_o spend_v more_o time_n in_o describe_v one_o day_n be_v battle_n than_o in_o the_o journal_o of_o a_o ten_o year_n peace_n when_o she_o meet_v with_o any_o memorable_a event_n she_o make_v a_o punctual_a description_n of_o the_o place_n where_o it_o happen_v represent_v to_o we_o the_o regular_a motion_n of_o the_o troop_n report_v the_o harangue_n of_o the_o general_n mark_n out_o the_o exact_a time_n when_o the_o signal_n be_v give_v she_o observe_v the_o several_a company_n and_o their_o movement_n both_o in_o the_o onset_a and_o in_o the_o defence_n she_o number_v the_o slay_v and_o give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o the_o prisoner_n in_o short_a she_o wait_v step_v by_o step_n on_o the_o conqueror_n and_o the_o conquer_a and_o as_o if_o there_o be_v nothing_o else_o in_o the_o world_n but_o those_o army_n which_o be_v engage_v she_o forget_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n only_o to_o describe_v this_o battle_n now_o she_o do_v not_o take_v this_o pain_n out_o of_o ostentation_n but_o rather_o out_o of_o necessity_n and_o we_o shall_v find_v she_o have_v reason_n for_o this_o exactness_n if_o we_o call_v to_o mind_n that_o set_a battle_n have_v cause_v the_o revolution_n of_o empire_n and_o have_v put_v change_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o world_n in_o effect_n at_o such_o a_o time_n the_o soldier_n carry_v in_o their_o hand_n the_o destiny_n of_o nation_n and_o it_o often_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o on_o the_o success_n of_o one_o good_a or_o ill_a day_n have_v depend_v the_o prosperity_n or_o misery_n of_o many_o succeed_a age_n and_o as_o history_n be_v more_o exact_a in_o these_o description_n so_o we_o be_v apt_a most_o especial_o to_o apply_v ourselves_o to_o they_o we_o consider_v with_o attention_n the_o immortal_a impression_n which_o they_o leave_v upon_o our_o mind_n paint_v take_v we_o up_o more_o entire_o in_o picture_n and_o landscape_n of_o this_o nature_n than_o in_o other_o it_o can_v represent_v to_o we_o a_o more_o agreeable_a object_n than_o a_o hero_n in_o a_o battle_n and_o we_o take_v extreme_a pleasure_n either_o to_o behold_v achilles_n give_v chase_n to_o the_o trojan_n or_o a_o scipio_n fight_v under_o the_o wall_n of_o carthage_n but_o we_o think_v it_o do_v not_o concern_v we_o neither_o do_v we_o with_o any_o pleasure_n stay_v to_o consider_v whether_o achilles_n as_o story_n say_v be_v as_o beautiful_a as_o he_o be_v valiant_a or_o whether_o heaven_n have_v bless_v scipio_n with_o a_o majestic_a body_n worthy_a so_o great_a a_o soul_n we_o love_v to_o see_v charles_n the_o eight_o in_o his_o heroic_a posture_n though_o his_o stature_n and_o his_o presence_n be_v little_a take_n or_o advantageous_a we_o shall_v love_v to_o see_v agesilaus_n present_v to_o the_o life_n if_o possible_a and_o in_o his_o natural_a shape_v but_o that_o he_o have_v express_o forbid_v while_o he_o live_v that_o any_o shall_v draw_v his_o portraiture_n or_o erect_v his_o statue_n chap._n fourteen_o although_o justice_n be_v the_o principal_a of_o virtue_n yet_o man_n honour_v valour_n more_o than_o justice_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o their_o conduct_n it_o be_v the_o opinion_n
of_o the_o most_o sage_a philosopher_n in_o his_o ethic_n that_o there_o be_v more_o praise_n attribute_v to_o just_a and_o valiant_a man_n than_o to_o person_n eminent_a for_o other_o virtue_n he_o may_v have_v add_v as_o in_o effect_n he_o have_v observe_v in_o his_o problem_n that_o the_o valiant_a be_v more_o high_o applaud_v than_o the_o just_a in_o pursue_v this_o i_o shall_v not_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o those_o orator_n who_o in_o their_o declamation_n usual_o amplify_v the_o theme_n they_o have_v espouse_v and_o never_o fail_v to_o extol_v their_o present_a subject_n above_o all_o other_o we_o must_v not_o be_v partial_a as_o not_o for_o the_o man_n so_o neither_o for_o the_o virtue_n it_o must_v be_v confess_v justice_n be_v the_o principal_a of_o all_o and_o the_o answer_n of_o a_o certain_a prince_n both_o valiant_a and_o just_a be_v solid_a and_o fine_a when_o one_o demand_v of_o he_o whether_o valour_n or_o justice_n be_v the_o more_o reputable_a he_o make_v this_o reply_n if_o all_o the_o world_n will_v follow_v justice_n valour_n will_v be_v useless_a yet_o nevertheless_o we_o do_v here_o in_o the_o bestow_n our_o acclamation_n as_o prince_n sometime_o do_v in_o the_o dispensation_n of_o their_o kindness_n the_o measure_n of_o their_o favour_n be_v not_o regulate_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o person_n only_o they_o have_v other_o regard_v as_o service_n render_v or_o to_o be_v render_v the_o recommendation_n of_o great_a and_o necessary_a minister_n of_o state_n the_o effect_n that_o their_o largess_n may_v have_v as_o to_o the_o public_a and_o a_o thousand_o such_o like_a consideration_n farther_n although_o man_n general_o esteem_v justice_n more_o than_o valour_n yet_o they_o honour_v valour_n more_o than_o justice_n they_o have_v always_o add_v a_o great_a splendour_n to_o the_o reputation_n of_o this_o virtue_n than_o to_o that_o of_o other_o and_o they_o have_v take_v a_o extreme_a care_n in_o all_o age_n as_o to_o man_n that_o live_v and_o die_v in_o the_o war_n to_o render_v their_o life_n illustrious_a and_o their_o death_n honourable_a and_o it_o be_v not_o without_o good_a reason_n that_o they_o do_v so_o for_o the_o profession_n of_o war_n be_v the_o most_o penible_a in_o its_o performance_n and_o the_o most_o hazardous_a in_o its_o design_n peril_n be_v not_o amiable_a and_o lovely_a in_o themselves_o they_o must_v be_v recommend_v and_o embellish_v with_o glory_n and_o we_o may_v well_o say_v justice_n itself_o have_v advise_v man_n to_o maintain_v this_o conduct_n since_o it_o be_v but_o just_a that_o if_o valour_n hazard_v all_o for_o the_o defence_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o people_n that_o the_o people_n on_o their_o side_n shall_v refuse_v nothing_o that_o may_v contribute_v to_o the_o renown_n of_o valour_n now_o all_o these_o reason_n be_v more_o eminent_o apparent_a in_o reference_n to_o prince_n we_o ordain_v triumph_n for_o they_o not_o only_o for_o have_v establish_v good_a law_n but_o for_o have_v make_v great_a conquest_n and_o not_o only_o the_o esteem_n but_o the_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n that_o people_n conceive_v for_o they_o be_v great_a when_o they_o return_v from_o a_o campaign_n full_a of_o fatigue_n and_o danger_n than_o when_o they_o see_v they_o mount_v the_o throne_n of_o justice_n because_o war_n be_v no_o less_o hazardous_a than_o it_o be_v painful_a and_o in_o the_o exercise_n of_o valour_n the_o king_n expose_v his_o own_o life_n whereas_o in_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n he_o bestow_v nothing_o but_o his_o time_n and_o labour_n chap._n xv._n valour_n be_v necessary_a to_o a_o prince_n for_o his_o own_o conservation_n though_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o consideration_n of_o honour_n to_o incite_v prince_n to_o valour_n one_o will_v think_v this_o be_v a_o effectual_a motive_n to_o royal_a soul_n but_o this_o be_v not_o the_o only_a thing_n interest_n and_o self-preservation_n oblige_v they_o to_o be_v valiant_a though_o policy_n and_o morality_n be_v near_o found_v upon_o the_o same_o principle_n and_o be_v guide_v almost_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n yet_o it_o be_v less_o rare_a to_o find_v a_o just_a and_o generous_a morality_n among_o private_a person_n than_o a_o just_a and_o generous_a policy_n among_o state_n those_o who_o be_v manage_v by_o just_a and_o generous_a politic_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o commendable_a but_o yet_o the_o maxim_n i_o have_v propound_v do_v not_o cease_v to_o be_v true_a for_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o world_n now_o as_o it_o be_v and_o as_o it_o always_o have_v be_v we_o shall_v find_v that_o monarchy_n and_o republic_n be_v in_o a_o continual_a defiance_n they_o be_v always_o in_o a_o state_n of_o war._n it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o great_a river_n or_o a_o vast_a range_v of_o mountain_n that_o bound_v their_o dominion_n as_o a_o mutual_a and_o reciprocal_a fear_n they_o have_v one_o of_o another_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v precautioned_n to_o fortify_v themselves_o to_o have_v garrison_n man_v and_o army_n in_o pay_n and_o to_o retain_v the_o idea_n of_o war_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o profound_a peace_n valour_n be_v necessary_a where_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a suspicion_n of_o injustice_n and_o jealousy_n of_o injury_n to_o put_v one_o in_o a_o capacity_n to_o repress_v violence_n and_o to_o oppose_v force_n with_o force_n when_o a_o valiant_a prince_n be_v set_v upon_o he_o often_o defend_v himself_o with_o success_n always_o with_o honour_n beside_o it_o be_v certain_a they_o think_v more_o than_o once_o before_o they_o undertake_v any_o thing_n against_o he_o so_o that_o he_o be_v seldom_o reduce_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o defend_v himself_o and_o in_o truth_n he_o have_v more_o of_o those_o that_o be_v secret_o jealous_a of_o he_o than_o of_o declare_a enemy_n it_o frequent_o happen_v that_o a_o single_a man_n have_v bring_v safety_n to_o a_o nation_n and_o victory_n to_o a_o army_n this_o great_a confidence_n proceed_v from_o the_o reputation_n of_o the_o general_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o politic_a government_n or_o military_a discipline_n there_o be_v a_o ancient_a say_v which_o be_v very_o common_a that_o a_o army_n of_o heart_n conduct_v by_o a_o lion_n shall_v be_v more_o formidable_a than_o a_o army_n of_o lion_n lead_v on_o by_o a_o hart._n after_o pyrrhus_n come_v into_o italy_n and_o have_v beat_v the_o roman_n command_v by_o the_o consul_n albinus_n it_o be_v ordain_v at_o rome_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v say_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v be_v vanquish_v by_o the_o epirote_n but_o that_o albinus_n have_v be_v worsted_n by_o pyrrhus_n we_o must_v needs_o high_o praise_v the_o conduct_n of_o eumenes_n who_o be_v to_o fight_v a_o battle_n against_o craterus_n and_o neoptolemus_n the_o former_a whereof_o have_v a_o great_a reputation_n and_o the_o other_o none_o when_o he_o understand_v that_o craterus_n be_v ready_a to_o fall_v on_o he_o he_o make_v his_o troop_n believe_v that_o it_o be_v neoptolemus_n so_o that_o they_o engage_v brisk_o in_o the_o battle_n and_o never_o know_v they_o have_v to_o do_v with_o craterus_n till_o they_o have_v rout_v his_o army_n and_o slay_v their_o general_n when_o alexander_n be_v go_v over_o into_o asia_n there_o be_v great_a reason_n of_o fear_n for_o macedonia_n almost_o all_o their_o force_n have_v follow_v the_o fortune_n of_o that_o prince_n yet_o neither_o the_o thracian_n illyrian_n nor_o grecian_n dare_v attack_v they_o or_o if_o they_o do_v it_o be_v with_o vain_a attempt_n as_o the_o lacedaemonian_n do_v with_o their_o king_n agis_n and_o it_o be_v often_o say_v that_o the_o advantage_n which_o the_o macedonian_n gain_v over_o they_o be_v rather_o the_o effect_n of_o alexander_n renown_n than_o antipater_n conduct_n and_o valour_n when_o henry_n the_o four_o have_v conquer_v his_o own_o kingdom_n spain_n think_v herself_o happy_a to_o make_v a_o peace_n with_o he_o he_o enjoy_v his_o own_o repose_n and_o cause_v france_n to_o enjoy_v she_o he_o establish_v himself_o without_o trouble_n in_o that_o kingdom_n which_o in_o the_o precede_a age_n have_v be_v the_o scene_n of_o so_o many_o outrageous_a broil_n and_o rebellion_n no_o person_n be_v so_o hardy_a as_o to_o set_v upon_o he_o but_o rather_o seek_v his_o alliance_n and_o we_o know_v that_o at_o the_o fatal_a time_n of_o his_o death_n when_o he_o have_v make_v vast_a preparation_n for_o war_n how_o he_o alarm_v all_o other_o state_n and_o put_v europe_n to_o a_o stand._n on_o the_o other_o side_n when_o a_o prince_n be_v defective_a in_o courage_n he_o be_v despise_v by_o all_o the_o world_n and_o sometime_o he_o be_v even_o abandon_v by_o his_o own_o subject_n the_o strange_a misfortune_n which_o happen_v to_o severus_n the_o emperor_n proceed_v from_o the_o mean_a opinion_n the_o soldier_n have_v of_o his_o valour_n
it_o be_v not_o true_a valour_n at_o least_o it_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o motive_n wherewith_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v animate_v that_o be_v the_o prefer_v the_o sense_n of_o true_a honour_n before_o our_o own_o life_n according_a to_o these_o principle_n though_o the_o say_v of_o agesilaus_n be_v excellent_a when_o to_o one_o who_o demand_v of_o he_o how_o he_o come_v to_o perform_v such_o great_a exploit_n he_o answer_v it_o be_v by_o despise_v death_n yet_o not_o to_o abuse_v this_o noble_a thought_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o we_o add_v another_o say_v of_o cato_n the_o elder_a who_o tell_v we_o in_o the_o peril_n of_o war_n he_o make_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o those_o that_o love_n virtue_n and_o those_o who_o be_v weary_a of_o their_o life_n indeed_o it_o must_v be_v the_o love_n of_o virtue_n that_o animate_v valour_n and_o the_o principal_a wheel_n that_o put_v it_o into_o its_o due_a motion_n zeal_n for_o justice_n ought_v not_o only_o to_o be_v the_o pretence_n but_o the_o cause_n of_o war_n and_o a_o prince_n be_v oblige_v to_o have_v the_o same_o motive_n in_o prosecute_a his_o enemy_n by_o his_o arm_n as_o in_o arraign_v offender_n by_o his_o law_n for_o his_o enemy_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o convict_a criminal_n the_o declaration_n of_o war_n be_v their_o sentence_n of_o condemnation_n and_o because_o this_o sentence_n can_v be_v so_o easy_o execute_v as_o the_o other_o he_o send_v his_o army_n to_o be_v his_o sheriff_n and_o executioner_n and_o the_o same_o effect_v which_o the_o punishment_n of_o a_o private_a criminal_a have_v on_o a_o nation_n the_o punishment_n of_o a_o nation_n have_v on_o the_o universe_n or_o as_o we_o may_v say_v in_o the_o great_a republic_n of_o the_o world_n chap._n v._n example_n against_o the_o strange_a error_n of_o those_o who_o believe_v the_o exact_a practice_n of_o justice_n to_o be_v a_o obstacle_n to_o valour_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o some_o man_n there_o be_v in_o the_o world_n who_o imagine_v that_o the_o exact_a practise_v of_o justice_n be_v a_o obstacle_n to_o valour_n if_o in_o the_o fix_a humour_n whereinto_o this_o fundamental_a error_n have_v cast_v their_o mind_n they_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o be_v disabused_a by_o reason_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v cure_v by_o example_n marcus_n aurelius_n be_v the_o most_o famous_a among_o the_o emperor_n for_o virtue_n pure_o humane_a st._n lewis_n be_v the_o most_o renown_a among_o all_o king_n for_o christian_a piety_n they_o be_v both_o very_a valiant_a st._n lewis_n be_v the_o first_o that_o descend_v from_o shipboard_n into_o egypt_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o fight_v with_o incredible_a obstinacy_n in_o that_o fight_n where_o he_o lose_v his_o liberty_n and_o during_o his_o imprisonment_n he_o discover_v such_o a_o noble_a assurance_n of_o mind_n that_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o barbarian_n be_v near_o death_n the_o admiration_n that_o they_o have_v for_o the_o virtue_n of_o their_o generous_a captive_n put_v they_o upon_o deliberation_n whether_o they_o shall_v not_o choose_v he_o for_o their_o sovereign_n as_o for_o marcus_n aurelius_n he_o end_v his_o day_n in_o a_o expedition_n in_o almaigne_n he_o undergo_v all_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o soldier_n and_o a_o captain_n and_o have_v make_v great_a advances_n if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v surprise_v by_o death_n the_o example_n of_o this_o prince_n and_o that_o of_o his_o son_n do_v well_o demonstrate_v that_o justice_n be_v serviceable_a to_o valour_n instead_o of_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o it_o and_o that_o that_o courage_n which_o be_v not_o found_v in_o the_o love_n of_o virtue_n be_v obnoxious_a to_o great_a disorder_n commodus_n the_o son_n of_o aurelius_n have_v be_v careful_o educate_v by_o his_o father_n with_o all_o the_o exactness_n imaginable_a this_o education_n be_v in_o he_o join_v with_o a_o auspicious_a birth_n he_o have_v a_o vast_a genius_n he_o be_v strong_a dexterous_a and_o of_o a_o good_a mind_n and_o nothing_o be_v want_v to_o make_v he_o a_o great_a prince_n but_o his_o will_n to_o be_v so_o his_o father_n have_v no_o soon_o render_v up_o his_o life_n but_o he_o think_v of_o nothing_o more_o than_o return_v to_o rome_n though_o one_o may_v have_v well_o represent_v to_o he_o that_o rome_n be_v every_o where_o where_o the_o emperor_n be_v he_o abandon_v a_o assure_a victory_n and_o patch_v up_o a_o dishonourable_a peace_n with_o the_o alemaignes_n set_v forward_o for_o italy_n without_o be_v at_o the_o pain_n to_o consider_v whether_o it_o will_v not_o beget_v ill_a impression_n of_o his_o conduct_n in_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n we_o come_v now_o from_o see_v a_o old_a emperor_n who_o have_v rather_o die_v under_o his_o military_a labour_n in_o the_o bed_n of_o honour_n than_o quit_v the_o design_n he_o have_v form_v and_o we_o see_v after_o he_o a_o young_a prince_n full_a of_o vigour_n who_o to_o wind_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o fatigue_n of_o war_n eschew_v a_o enterprise_n to_o which_o the_o memory_n of_o his_o father_n and_o his_o own_o honour_n shall_v have_v engage_v he_o instead_o of_o embrace_v a_o lawful_a occasion_n for_o the_o acquest_n of_o glory_n he_o rather_o choose_v to_o expose_v himself_o to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o equipage_n of_o a_o gladiator_n and_o by_o throw_v of_o dart_n to_o kill_v panther_n or_o lion_n in_o a_o amphitheatre_n chap._n vi_o why_o it_o be_v that_o at_o this_o day_n all_o the_o world_n have_v not_o the_o opinion_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v upon_o the_o obligation_n of_o join_v justice_n to_o valour_n if_o all_o man_n at_o this_o day_n have_v not_o the_o opinion_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v of_o their_o be_v oblige_v to_o join_v valour_n with_o this_o other_o virtue_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o all_o morality_n perhaps_o it_o come_v from_o hence_o that_o in_o this_o monarchy_n as_o in_o many_o other_o they_o have_v make_v a_o separation_n of_o the_o gown_n from_o the_o sword_n as_o if_o they_o be_v distinct_a function_n and_o do_v not_o think_v it_o proper_a that_o the_o same_o man_n may_v be_v magistrate_n and_o captain_n too_o it_o be_v true_a the_o sovereign_a administration_n of_o law_n and_o arm_n reside_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o prince_n but_o it_o be_v in_o no_o other_o proper_o but_o in_o he_o that_o this_o union_n be_v to_o be_v find_v and_o yet_o in_o some_o sort_n he_o have_v declare_v himself_o for_o the_o military_a employment_n since_o he_o every_o day_n bear_v the_o badge_n of_o it_o and_o even_o in_o the_o actual_a administration_n of_o justice_n he_o wear_v a_o sword_n by_o his_o side_n but_o the_o ancient_n do_v not_o determine_v of_o thing_n after_o this_o rule_n among_o they_o the_o charge_n of_o consul_n that_o of_o praetor_n and_o many_o other_o be_v no_o less_o for_o the_o war_n than_o for_o peace_n insomuch_o that_o there_o be_v some_o that_o in_o a_o moment_n pass_v from_o the_o tribunal_n to_o the_o camp_n and_o after_o have_v hear_v cause_n plead_v and_o be_v pleader_n themselves_o be_v send_v to_o command_v and_o to_o fight_v in_o the_o army_n fabritius_n be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o undaunted_a spirit_n both_o the_o cato_n be_v exceed_o valiant_a and_o the_o same_o justice_n which_o restrain_v they_o from_o suffer_v their_o judgement_n to_o be_v corrupt_v excite_v they_o not_o to_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v vanquish_v in_o battle_n we_o find_v the_o like_a example_n in_o the_o grecian_a history_n photion_n and_o aristides_n have_v no_o less_o of_o courage_n than_o integrity_n they_o give_v to_o aristides_n the_o surname_n of_o just_a they_o may_v as_o well_o have_v give_v he_o the_o surname_n of_o valiant_a it_o be_v true_a he_o never_o command_v the_o army_n in_o chief_a but_o he_o distinguish_v himself_o in_o all_o the_o war_n where_o he_o serve_v either_o as_o a_o soldier_n or_o as_o a_o officer_n and_o he_o behave_v himself_o admirable_o well_o in_o the_o battle_n of_o marathron_n salamine_n and_o platea_n now_o in_o the_o republic_n of_o greece_n no_o manner_n of_o profession_n can_v exempt_v a_o man_n from_o his_o service_n in_o the_o war_n or_o at_o least_o be_v incompatible_a with_o arms._n we_o can_v name_v philosopher_n who_o have_v join_v justice_n with_o valour_n socrates_n save_v alcibiades_n in_o a_o battle_n and_o dart_v himself_o through_o the_o thick_a of_o his_o enemy_n rescue_v he_o out_o of_o their_o hand_n zenophon_n after_o the_o death_n of_o clearchus_n be_v one_o of_o the_o captain_n in_o that_o famous_a retreat_n which_o among_o the_o critic_n in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n pass_v for_o one_o of_o the_o fine_a masterpiece_n that_o ever_o be_v perform_v chap._n vii_o what_o be_v the_o extent_n of_o military_a obedience_n as_o it_o be_v a_o important_a thing_n sir_n for_o
make_v harangue_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o they_o have_v a_o leader_n who_o fear_v no_o danger_n and_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o other_o occasion_n wherein_o he_o have_v signalise_v his_o courage_n they_o do_v not_o consider_v this_o sort_n of_o discourse_n as_o savour_v of_o pride_n but_o as_o generous_a a_o certain_a prince_n at_o sea_n find_v himself_o within_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n which_o be_v ready_a to_o attack_v he_o hear_v one_o of_o the_o soldier_n say_v the_o enemy_n ship_n be_v much_o more_o in_o number_n than_o we_o he_o turn_v himself_o sudden_o to_o the_o soldier_n and_o ask_v he_o for_o how_o many_o do_v thou_o count_v i_o this_o be_v not_o arrogance_n it_o be_v a_o become_a confidence_n and_o although_o by_o these_o word_n the_o prince_n comprehend_v his_o own_o praise_n yet_o the_o expression_n be_v not_o less_o fine_a than_o that_o which_o be_v relate_v of_o pelopidas_n he_o lead_v his_o troop_n through_o a_o place_n where_o he_o do_v not_o believe_v he_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o a_o engagement_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o perceive_v the_o enemy_n on_o a_o sudden_a and_o that_o he_o can_v not_o avoid_v fight_v say_v one_o of_o his_o officer_n to_o he_o we_o be_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o our_o enemy_n no_o say_v he_o the_o enemy_n be_v fall_v into_o we_o chap._n xix_o the_o valour_n of_o a_o prince_n ought_v to_o be_v accompany_v with_o the_o love_n of_o learning_n before_o i_o come_v to_o observe_v another_o qualification_n which_o be_v advantageous_a when_o accompany_v with_o valour_n i_o believe_v i_o be_o oblige_v to_o tell_v you_o that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o essential_a nor_o so_o important_a as_o those_o two_o of_o which_o i_o have_v be_v discourse_v generosity_n and_o justice_n we_o can_v treat_v morality_n with_o too_o much_o freedom_n and_o sincerity_n virtue_n surmount_v all_o other_o thing_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o when_o a_o virtuous_a man_n be_v possess_v of_o they_o his_o merit_n flow_v principal_o from_o that_o which_o be_v virtuous_a in_o he_o and_o when_o he_o be_v virtuous_a though_o he_o be_v not_o possess_v of_o they_o yet_o we_o must_v needs_o always_o observe_v in_o he_o a_o good_a foundation_n for_o true_a glory_n we_o common_o fancy_n old_a rome_n to_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o science_n and_o as_o a_o polite_a commonwealth_n we_o can_v form_v this_o notion_n of_o she_o in_o her_o infancy_n for_o during_o more_o than_o four_o hundred_o year_n this_o people_n remain_v in_o a_o profound_a ignorance_n and_o a_o extreme_a aversion_n for_o learning_n those_o man_n though_o they_o be_v rough_a and_o unpolished_a yet_o they_o be_v brave_a and_o as_o one_o have_v say_v of_o they_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n but_o to_o till_o the_o ground_n and_o kill_v their_o enemy_n however_o we_o admire_v the_o hero_n she_o produce_v in_o those_o first_o age_n and_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o admire_v they_o we_o shall_v not_o find_v a_o less_o interval_n of_o time_n between_o the_o foundation_n of_o athens_n and_o the_o honour_n she_o have_v to_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o the_o arts._n since_o she_o become_v so_o famous_a for_o eloquence_n she_o produce_v a_o great_a captain_n who_o though_o he_o have_v not_o a_o ordinary_a politeness_n for_o a_o athenian_a yet_o he_o gain_v battle_n at_o land_n and_o sea_n for_o they_o and_o of_o who_o one_o say_v cimon_n be_v as_o valiant_a as_o miltiades_n as_o prudent_a as_o themistocles_n and_o more_o just_a than_o either_o themistocles_n or_o miltiades_n although_o he_o have_v not_o so_o much_o agreeableness_n of_o spirit_n as_o he_o have_v grandeur_n of_o soul_n yet_o he_o acquire_v immortal_a renown_n they_o place_v he_o in_o the_o rank_n of_o the_o illustrious_a and_o have_v write_v his_o life_n and_o if_o we_o may_v observe_v therein_o some_o little_a defect_n yet_o a_o slight_a indecency_n be_v not_o capable_a to_o sully_v the_o glory_n of_o his_o reputation_n on_o the_o other_o side_n though_o prince_n be_v endue_v with_o politeness_n yet_o if_o those_o other_o more_o solid_a quality_n which_o we_o have_v touch_v upon_o in_o this_o discourse_n be_v not_o conspicuous_a in_o they_o we_o must_v ingenuous_o confess_v the_o truth_n they_o can_v acquire_v a_o true_a esteem_n in_o the_o world_n and_o if_o they_o desire_v to_o be_v number_v among_o the_o hero_n of_o it_o their_o ambition_n meet_v with_o so_o many_o obstacle_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o surmount_v they_o but_o behold_v the_o judgement_n one_o ought_v to_o make_v upon_o the_o science_n that_o so_o we_o may_v not_o ascribe_v too_o much_o to_o they_o nor_o derogate_v too_o much_o from_o they_o they_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v for_o three_o thing_n first_o they_o be_v able_a to_o inspire_v virtuous_a notion_n beside_o when_o they_o accompany_v virtue_n they_o appear_v more_o refine_v and_o be_v render_v more_o amiable_a and_o last_o they_o be_v useful_a to_o preserve_v the_o memoirs_fw-fr of_o grand_a achievement_n whether_o it_o be_v by_o the_o pen_n of_o he_o that_o perform_v they_o or_o by_o that_o of_o other_o learned_a man_n who_o dedicate_v their_o nocturnal_a study_n and_o labour_n to_o his_o honour_n chap._n xx._n without_o the_o assistance_n of_o learning_n a_o prince_n know_v not_o how_o to_o immortalize_v his_o action_n it_o will_v be_v difficult_a to_o find_v prince_n who_o after_o have_v form_v a_o design_n of_o distinguish_v themselves_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n by_o their_o valour_n have_v not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n apprehend_v that_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o learned_a to_o eternize_v the_o memory_n of_o their_o exploit_n one_o day_n alexander_n find_v himself_o oppress_v under_o the_o weight_n and_o fatigue_n of_o war_n cry_v out_o if_o you_o do_v but_o know_v o_o athenian_n what_o i_o suffer_v to_o merit_v your_o praise_n among_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o spoil_n of_o darius_n they_o find_v a_o cabinet_n of_o inestimable_a value_n and_o at_o a_o entertainment_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o alexander_n his_o courtier_n ask_v what_o it_o be_v he_o will_v put_v into_o so_o precious_a a_o cabinet_n i_o design_v say_v he_o to_o put_v homer_n '_o s_z work_n into_o it_o and_o he_o use_v it_o actual_o for_o that_o purpose_n among_o those_o they_o call_v the_o twelve_o caesar_n the_o great_a in_o esteem_n be_v the_o two_o first_o we_o may_v add_v to_o they_o vespasiam_fw-la i_o shall_v say_v nothing_o upon_o the_o two_o first_o for_o they_o we_o shall_v speak_v but_o too_o much_o but_o vespasian_n have_v no_o less_o a_o love_n for_o the_o art_n than_o either_o of_o they_o it_o be_v he_o who_o protection_n and_o encouragement_n bring_v forth_o a_o swarm_n of_o fine_a wit_n which_o without_o doubt_n must_v give_v place_n to_o those_o who_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o augustus_n and_o yet_o nevertheless_o they_o merit_v very_o great_a esteem_n pompey_n lower_v the_o consulary_a fasces_fw-la before_o possidonius_fw-la his_o house_n when_o he_o go_v to_o give_v he_o a_o visit_n trajan_n make_v dion_n chrysostom_n sit_v on_o one_o side_n of_o he_o in_o his_o chair_n of_o triumph_n scipio_n ordain_v that_o the_o status_fw-la of_o ennius_n shall_v be_v place_v upon_o his_o monument_n and_o another_o be_v erect_v in_o the_o public_a place_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o claudian_n by_o the_o order_n of_o arcadius_n and_o honorius_n charlemaign_a and_o francis_n the_o first_o be_v in_o their_o time_n the_o father_n of_o learning_n philip_n augustus_n be_v also_o find_v of_o it_o there_o be_v at_o this_o day_n extant_a a_o kind_n of_o history_n in_o verse_n call_v the_o philippeid_n he_o honour_v the_o author_n with_o his_o royal_a favour_n and_o though_o it_o be_v not_o worthy_a so_o great_a a_o prince_n that_o be_v his_o misfortune_n and_o not_o his_o crime_n charles_n the_o five_o follow_v these_o excellent_a example_n he_o esteem_v the_o learned_a and_o the_o science_n and_o if_o he_o do_v not_o make_v therein_o so_o great_a a_o progress_n as_o be_v expect_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o that_o sage_a governor_n who_o lewis_n the_o twelve_o have_v provide_v for_o he_o and_o improve_v not_o so_o much_o as_o be_v hope_v he_o will_v have_v do_v under_o the_o care_n and_o pain_n of_o a_o tutor_n who_o afterward_o arrive_v to_o the_o supreme_a pontificate_n yet_o he_o signify_v his_o sorrow_n for_o it_o history_n observe_v that_o a_o harangue_n in_o latin_a have_v be_v make_v before_o he_o at_o the_o city_n of_o genova_n when_o he_o understand_v not_o the_o meaning_n of_o it_o it_o happen_v now_o say_v he_o what_o i_o have_v long_a time_n foretold_v that_o i_o shall_v repent_v one_o day_n that_o i_o have_v not_o apply_v myself_o to_o study_n nay_o even_o hannibal_n himself_o have_v a_o particular_a affection_n for_o